[Congressional Bills 115th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[H.R. 2 Engrossed Amendment Senate (EAS)]

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                  In the Senate of the United States,

                                                         June 28, 2018.
    Resolved, That the bill from the House of Representatives (H.R. 2) 
entitled ``An Act to provide for the reform and continuation of 
agricultural and other programs of the Department of Agriculture 
through fiscal year 2023, and for other purposes.'', do pass with the 
following

                               AMENDMENT:

            Strike all after the enacting clause and insert the 
      following:

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS.

    (a) Short Title.--This Act may be cited as the ``Agriculture 
Improvement Act of 2018''.
    (b) Table of Contents.--The table of contents for this Act is as 
follows:

Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents.
Sec. 2. Definition of Secretary.

                          TITLE I--COMMODITIES

                      Subtitle A--Commodity Policy

Sec. 1101. Payment acres.
Sec. 1102. Producer election.
Sec. 1103. Price loss coverage.
Sec. 1104. Agriculture risk coverage.
Sec. 1105. Repeal of transition assistance for producers of upland 
                            cotton.
Sec. 1106. Option to change producer election.

                      Subtitle B--Marketing Loans

Sec. 1201. Extensions.
Sec. 1202. Repeal; unshorn pelts.
Sec. 1203. Economic adjustment assistance for upland cotton users.

                           Subtitle C--Sugar

Sec. 1301. Sugar program.

                           Subtitle D--Dairy

                      PART I--Dairy Risk Coverage

Sec. 1401. Dairy risk coverage.

      PART II--Reauthorizations and Other Dairy-Related Provisions

Sec. 1411. Reauthorizations.
Sec. 1412. Class I skim milk price.
Sec. 1413. Milk donation program.

       Subtitle E--Supplemental Agricultural Disaster Assistance

Sec. 1501. Supplemental agricultural disaster assistance.
Sec. 1502. Loss of peach and blueberry crops due to extreme cold.

                 Subtitle F--Noninsured Crop Assistance

Sec. 1601. Noninsured crop assistance program.
Sec. 1602. Additional assistance for certain producers.

                       Subtitle G--Administration

Sec. 1701. Regulations.
Sec. 1702. Suspension of permanent price support authority.
Sec. 1703. Implementation.
Sec. 1704. Definition of significant contribution of active personal 
                            management.
Sec. 1705. Actively engaged in farming requirement.
Sec. 1706. Adjusted gross income limitation.
Sec. 1707. Base acres review.
Sec. 1708. Farm Service Agency accountability.
Sec. 1709. Technical corrections.

                         TITLE II--CONSERVATION

                Subtitle A--Conservation Reserve Program

Sec. 2101. Extension and enrollment requirements of conservation 
                            reserve program.
Sec. 2102. Farmable wetland program.
Sec. 2103. Duties of the Secretary.
Sec. 2104. Payments.
Sec. 2105. Conservation reserve enhancement program.
Sec. 2106. Contracts.
Sec. 2107. Conservation reserve easements.
Sec. 2108. Eligible land; State law requirements.

              Subtitle B--Conservation Stewardship Program

Sec. 2201. Definitions.
Sec. 2202. Establishment.
Sec. 2203. Stewardship contracts.
Sec. 2204. Duties of Secretary.

          Subtitle C--Environmental Quality Incentives Program

Sec. 2301. Purposes.
Sec. 2302. Definitions.
Sec. 2303. Establishment and administration.
Sec. 2304. Evaluation of applications.
Sec. 2305. Duties of the Secretary.
Sec. 2306. Environmental quality incentives program plan.
Sec. 2307. Limitation on payments.
Sec. 2308. Conservation innovation grants and payments.
Sec. 2309. Soil health demonstration pilot project.

                Subtitle D--Other Conservation Programs

Sec. 2401. Wetland conservation.
Sec. 2402. Conservation security program.
Sec. 2403. Conservation of private grazing land.
Sec. 2404. Soil health and income protection program.
Sec. 2405. Grassroots source water protection program.
Sec. 2406. Soil testing and remediation assistance.
Sec. 2407. Voluntary public access and habitat incentive program.
Sec. 2408. Agriculture conservation experienced services program.
Sec. 2409. Remote telemetry data system.
Sec. 2410. Agricultural conservation easement program.
Sec. 2411. Regional conservation partnership program.
Sec. 2412. Wetland conversion.
Sec. 2413. Delineation of wetlands.
Sec. 2414. Emergency conservation program.
Sec. 2415. Watershed protection and flood prevention.
Sec. 2416. Small watershed rehabilitation program.
Sec. 2417. Repeal of Conservation Corridor Demonstration Program.
Sec. 2418. Repeal of cranberry acreage reserve program.
Sec. 2419. Repeal of National Natural Resources Foundation.
Sec. 2420. Repeal of flood risk reduction.
Sec. 2421. Repeal of study of land use for expiring contracts and 
                            extension of authority.
Sec. 2422. Repeal of Integrated Farm Management Program Option.
Sec. 2423. Repeal of clarification of definition of agricultural lands.
Sec. 2424. Resource conservation and development program.
Sec. 2425. Wildlife management.
Sec. 2426. Healthy forests reserve program.
Sec. 2427. Watershed protection.
Sec. 2428. Sense of Congress relating to increased watershed-based 
                            collaboration.
Sec. 2429. Modifications to conservation easement program.

                 Subtitle E--Funding and Administration

Sec. 2501. Funding.
Sec. 2502. Delivery of technical assistance.
Sec. 2503. Administrative requirements for conservation programs.
Sec. 2504. Definition of acequia.
Sec. 2505. Authorization of appropriations for water bank program.
Sec. 2506. Report on land access, tenure, and transition.
Sec. 2507. Report on small wetlands.
Sec. 2508. State technical committees.

                   Subtitle F--Technical Corrections

Sec. 2601. Farmable wetland program.
Sec. 2602. Report on program enrollments and assistance.
Sec. 2603. Delivery of technical assistance.
Sec. 2604. State technical committees.

                            TITLE III--TRADE

                     Subtitle A--Food for Peace Act

Sec. 3101. Food aid quality.
Sec. 3102. Generation and use of currencies by private voluntary 
                            organizations and cooperatives.
Sec. 3103. Minimum levels of assistance.
Sec. 3104. Food Aid Consultative Group.
Sec. 3105. Oversight, monitoring, and evaluation.
Sec. 3106. Assistance for stockpiling and rapid transportation, 
                            delivery, and distribution of shelf-stable 
                            prepackaged foods.
Sec. 3107. Allowance of distribution costs.
Sec. 3108. Prepositioning of agricultural commodities.
Sec. 3109. Annual report regarding food aid programs and activities.
Sec. 3110. Deadline for agreements to finance sales or to provide other 
                            assistance.
Sec. 3111. Nonemergency food assistance.
Sec. 3112. Micronutrient fortification programs.
Sec. 3113. John Ogonowski and Doug Bereuter Farmer-to-Farmer Program.

               Subtitle B--Agricultural Trade Act of 1978

Sec. 3201. Priority trade promotion, development, and assistance.

               Subtitle C--Other Agricultural Trade Laws

Sec. 3301. Food for Progress Act of 1985.
Sec. 3302. Bill Emerson Humanitarian Trust Act.
Sec. 3303. Promotion of agricultural exports to emerging markets.
Sec. 3304. Cochran emerging market fellowship program.
Sec. 3305. Borlaug International Agricultural Science and Technology 
                            Fellowship Program.
Sec. 3306. International food security technical assistance.
Sec. 3307. McGovern-Dole International Food for Education and Child 
                            Nutrition Program.
Sec. 3308. Global Crop Diversity Trust.
Sec. 3309. Local and regional food aid procurement projects.
Sec. 3310. Foreign trade missions.

                          TITLE IV--NUTRITION

         Subtitle A--Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program

Sec. 4101. Definition of certification period.
Sec. 4102. Food distribution program on Indian reservations.
Sec. 4103. Work requirements for supplemental nutrition assistance 
                            program.
Sec. 4104. Improvements to electronic benefit transfer system.
Sec. 4105. Retail incentives.
Sec. 4106. Required action on data match information.
Sec. 4107. Income verification.
Sec. 4108. Pilot projects to improve healthy dietary patterns related 
                            to fluid milk in the supplemental nutrition 
                            assistance program.
Sec. 4109. Interstate data matching to prevent multiple issuances.
Sec. 4110. Quality control.
Sec. 4111. Requirement of live-production environments for certain 
                            pilot projects relating to cost sharing for 
                            computerization.
Sec. 4112. Authorization of appropriations.
Sec. 4113. Assistance for community food projects.
Sec. 4114. Nutrition education State plans.
Sec. 4115. Emergency food assistance program.
Sec. 4116. Technical and conforming amendments.

              Subtitle B--Commodity Distribution Programs

Sec. 4201. Commodity distribution program.
Sec. 4202. Commodity supplemental food program.
Sec. 4203. Distribution of surplus commodities; special nutrition 
                            projects.

                       Subtitle C--Miscellaneous

Sec. 4301. Purchase of specialty crops.
Sec. 4302. Seniors farmers' market nutrition program.
Sec. 4303. The Gus Schumacher food insecurity nutrition incentive.
Sec. 4304. Harvesting health pilot projects.

                            TITLE V--CREDIT

                    Subtitle A--Farm Ownership Loans

Sec. 5101. Modification of the 3-year experience requirement for 
                            purposes of eligibility for farm ownership 
                            loans.
Sec. 5102. Conservation loan and loan guarantee program.
Sec. 5103. Limitations on amount of farm ownership loans.

                      Subtitle B--Operating Loans

Sec. 5201. Limitations on amount of operating loans.
Sec. 5202. Cooperative lending pilot projects.

                 Subtitle C--Administrative Provisions

Sec. 5301. Beginning farmer and rancher individual development accounts 
                            pilot program.
Sec. 5302. Loan authorization levels.
Sec. 5303. Loan fund set-asides.
Sec. 5304. Equitable relief.
Sec. 5305. Socially disadvantaged farmers and ranchers; qualified 
                            beginning farmers and ranchers.
Sec. 5306. Emergency loan eligibility.

                       Subtitle D--Miscellaneous

Sec. 5401. State agricultural mediation programs.
Sec. 5402. Socially disadvantaged farmers and ranchers.
Sec. 5403. Sharing of privileged and confidential information.
Sec. 5404. Removal and prohibition authority; industry-wide 
                            prohibition.
Sec. 5405. Jurisdiction over institution-affiliated parties.
Sec. 5406. Definition of institution-affiliated party.
Sec. 5407. Repeal of obsolete provisions; technical corrections.
Sec. 5408. Corporation as conservator or receiver; certain other 
                            powers.
Sec. 5409. Reporting.
Sec. 5410. Sense of the Senate.

                      TITLE VI--RURAL DEVELOPMENT

        Subtitle A--Consolidated Farm and Rural Development Act

Sec. 6101. Water, waste disposal, and wastewater facility grants.
Sec. 6102. Rural water and wastewater technical assistance and training 
                            programs.
Sec. 6103. Rural water and wastewater circuit rider program.
Sec. 6104. Tribal college and university essential community 
                            facilities.
Sec. 6105. Community facilities direct loans and grants for substance 
                            use disorder treatment services.
Sec. 6106. Emergency and imminent community water assistance grant 
                            program.
Sec. 6107. Water systems for rural and native villages in Alaska.
Sec. 6108. Rural decentralized water systems.
Sec. 6109. Solid waste management grants.
Sec. 6110. Rural business development grants.
Sec. 6111. Rural cooperative development grants.
Sec. 6112. Locally or regionally produced agricultural food products.
Sec. 6113. Appropriate technology transfer for rural areas program.
Sec. 6114. Rural economic area partnership zones.
Sec. 6115. Intemediary relending program.
Sec. 6116. Single application for broadband.
Sec. 6117. Loan guarantee loan fees.
Sec. 6118. Rural Business-Cooperative Service programs technical 
                            assistance and training.
Sec. 6119. National rural development partnership.
Sec. 6120. Grants for NOAA weather radio transmitters.
Sec. 6121. Rural microentrepreneur assistance program.
Sec. 6122. Health care services.
Sec. 6123. Strategic economic and community development.
Sec. 6124. Delta Regional Authority.
Sec. 6125. Rural business investment program.

             Subtitle B--Rural Electrification Act of 1936

Sec. 6201. Electric loan refinancing.
Sec. 6202. Technical assistance for rural electrification loans.
Sec. 6203. Loans for telephone service.
Sec. 6204. Cushion of credit payments program.
Sec. 6205. Guarantees for bonds and notes issued for electrification or 
                            telephone purposes.
Sec. 6206. Access to broadband telecommunications services in rural 
                            areas.
Sec. 6207. Community Connect Grant Program.
Sec. 6208. Transparency in the Telecommunications Infrastructure Loan 
                            Program.
Sec. 6209. Refinancing of broadband and telephone loans.
Sec. 6210. Cybersecurity and grid security improvements.

                       Subtitle C--Miscellaneous

Sec. 6301. Distance learning and telemedicine.
Sec. 6302. Rural energy savings program.
Sec. 6303. Rural health and safety education programs.
Sec. 6304. Northern Border Regional Commission reauthorization.
Sec. 6305. Council on Rural Community Innovation and Economic 
                            Development.

          TITLE VII--RESEARCH, EXTENSION, AND RELATED MATTERS

  Subtitle A--National Agricultural Research, Extension, and Teaching 
                           Policy Act of 1977

Sec. 7101. Purposes of agricultural research, extension, and education.
Sec. 7102. Matters relating to certain school designations and 
                            declarations.
Sec. 7103. National Agricultural Research, Extension, Education, and 
                            Economics Advisory Board.
Sec. 7104. Citrus disease subcommittee of specialty crop committee.
Sec. 7105. Veterinary services grant program.
Sec. 7106. Grants and fellowships for food and agriculture sciences 
                            education.
Sec. 7107. Research equipment grants.
Sec. 7108. Agricultural and food policy research centers.
Sec. 7109. Education grants to Alaska Native serving institutions and 
                            Native Hawaiian serving institutions.
Sec. 7110. Next generation agriculture technology challenge.
Sec. 7111. Nutrition education program.
Sec. 7112. Authorization for appropriations for Federal agricultural 
                            research facilities.
Sec. 7113. Continuing animal health and disease research programs.
Sec. 7114. Extension at 1890 land-grant colleges, including Tuskegee 
                            University; report.
Sec. 7115. Report on agricultural research at 1890 land-grant colleges, 
                            including Tuskegee University.
Sec. 7116. Grants to upgrade agricultural and food sciences facilities 
                            at 1890 land-grant colleges, including 
                            Tuskegee University.
Sec. 7117. Grants to upgrade agriculture and food sciences facilities 
                            and equipment at insular area land-grant 
                            institutions.
Sec. 7118. New Beginning for Tribal Students.
Sec. 7119. Hispanic-serving institutions.
Sec. 7120. Binational agricultural research and development.
Sec. 7121. Partnerships to build capacity in international agricultural 
                            research, extension, and teaching.
Sec. 7122. Competitive grants for international agricultural science 
                            and education programs.
Sec. 7123. University research.
Sec. 7124. Extension service.
Sec. 7125. Supplemental and alternative crops; hemp.
Sec. 7126. New Era Rural Technology program.
Sec. 7127. Capacity building grants for NLGCA institutions.
Sec. 7128. Agriculture Advanced Research and Development Authority 
                            pilot.
Sec. 7129. Aquaculture assistance programs.
Sec. 7130. Repeal of rangeland research programs.
Sec. 7131. Special authorization for biosecurity planning and response.
Sec. 7132. Distance education and resident instruction grants program 
                            for insular area institutions of higher 
                            education.
Sec. 7133. Limitation on designation of entities eligible to receive 
                            funds under a capacity program.
Sec. 7134. Scholarship program for students attending 1890 
                            Institutions.

   Subtitle B--Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act of 1990

Sec. 7201. Best utilization of biological applications.
Sec. 7202. Integrated management systems.
Sec. 7203. Sustainable agriculture technology development and transfer 
                            program.
Sec. 7204. National training program.
Sec. 7205. National strategic germplasm and cultivar collection 
                            assessment and utilization plan.
Sec. 7206. National Genetics Resources Program.
Sec. 7207. National Agricultural Weather Information System.
Sec. 7208. Agricultural genome to phenome initiative.
Sec. 7209. High-priority research and extension initiatives.
Sec. 7210. Organic agriculture research and extension initiative.
Sec. 7211. Farm business management.
Sec. 7212. Urban, indoor, and other emerging agricultural production 
                            research, education, and extension 
                            initiative.
Sec. 7213. Centers of excellence at 1890 Institutions.
Sec. 7214. Assistive technology program for farmers with disabilities.
Sec. 7215. National Rural Information Center Clearinghouse.

Subtitle C--Agricultural Research, Extension, and Education Reform Act 
                                of 1998

Sec. 7301. National food safety training, education, extension, 
                            outreach, and technical assistance program.
Sec. 7302. Integrated research, education, and extension competitive 
                            grants program.
Sec. 7303. Support for research regarding diseases of wheat, triticale, 
                            and barley caused by Fusarium graminearum 
                            or by Tilletia indica.
Sec. 7304. Grants for youth organizations.
Sec. 7305. Specialty crop research initiative.
Sec. 7306. Food Animal Residue Avoidance Database program.
Sec. 7307. Office of Pest Management Policy.
Sec. 7308. Forestry products advanced utilization research.

                         Subtitle D--Other Laws

Sec. 7401. Critical Agricultural Materials Act.
Sec. 7402. Equity in Educational Land-Grant Status Act of 1994.
Sec. 7403. Research Facilities Act.
Sec. 7404. Agricultural and food research initiative.
Sec. 7405. Extension design and demonstration initiative.
Sec. 7406. Renewable Resources Extension Act of 1978.
Sec. 7407. National Aquaculture Act of 1980.
Sec. 7408. Repeal of review of Agricultural Research Service.
Sec. 7409. Biomass research and development.
Sec. 7410. Reinstatement of matching requirement for Federal funds used 
                            in extension work at the University of the 
                            District of Columbia.
Sec. 7411. Enhanced use lease authority pilot program.
Sec. 7412. Transfer of administrative jurisdiction over portion of 
                            Henry A. Wallace Beltsville Agricultural 
                            Research Center, Beltsville, Maryland.
Sec. 7413. Foundation for food and agriculture research.
Sec. 7414. Assistance for forestry research under the McIntire-Stennis 
                            Cooperative Forestry Act.
Sec. 7415. Legitimacy of industrial hemp research.
Sec. 7416. Collection of data relating to barley area planted and 
                            harvested.
Sec. 7417. Collection of data relating to the size and location of 
                            dairy farms.
Sec. 7418. Agriculture innovation center demonstration program.
Sec. 7419. Smith-Lever community extension program.

         Subtitle E--Food, Conservation, and Energy Act of 2008

                     PART I--Agricultural Security

Sec. 7501. Agricultural biosecurity communication center.
Sec. 7502. Assistance to build local capacity in agricultural 
                            biosecurity planning, preparation, and 
                            response.
Sec. 7503. Research and development of agricultural countermeasures.
Sec. 7504. Agricultural biosecurity grant program.

                   PART II--Miscellaneous Provisions

Sec. 7511. Farm and Ranch Stress Assistance Network.
Sec. 7512. Natural products research program.
Sec. 7513. Sun grant program.
Sec. 7514. Mechanization and automation for specialty crops.

                 Subtitle F--Matching Funds Requirement

Sec. 7601. Matching funds requirement.
Sec. 7602. Extension and agricultural research at 1890 land-grant 
                            colleges, including Tuskegee University.

                          TITLE VIII--FORESTRY

        Subtitle A--Cooperative Forestry Assistance Act of 1978

Sec. 8101. State and private forest landscape-scale restoration 
                            program.

 Subtitle B--Forest and Rangeland Renewable Resources Research Act of 
                                  1978

Sec. 8201. Repeal of recycling research.
Sec. 8202. Repeal of forestry student grant program.

        Subtitle C--Global Climate Change Prevention Act of 1990

Sec. 8301. Repeals.

          Subtitle D--Healthy Forests Restoration Act of 2003

Sec. 8401. Promoting cross-boundary wildfire mitigation.
Sec. 8402. Authorization of appropriations for hazardous fuel reduction 
                            on Federal land.
Sec. 8403. Repeal of biomass commercial utilization grant program.
Sec. 8404. Water Source Protection Program.
Sec. 8405. Watershed Condition Framework.
Sec. 8406. Authorization of appropriations to combat insect 
                            infestations and related diseases.
Sec. 8407. Healthy Forests Reserve Program reauthorization.
Sec. 8408. Authorization of appropriations for designation of treatment 
                            areas.
Sec. 8409. Administrative review of collaborative restoration projects.

    Subtitle E--Repeal or Reauthorization of Miscellaneous Forestry 
                                Programs

Sec. 8501. Repeal of revision of strategic plan for forest inventory 
                            and analysis.
Sec. 8502. Semiarid agroforestry research center.
Sec. 8503. National Forest Foundation Act.
Sec. 8504. Conveyance of Forest Service administrative sites.

                     Subtitle F--Forest Management

Sec. 8601. Definitions.

     PART I--Expedited Environmental Analysis and Availability of 
    Categorical Exclusions to Expedite Forest Management Activities

Sec. 8611. Categorical exclusion for greater sage-grouse and mule deer 
                            habitat.

          PART II--Miscellaneous Forest Management Activities

Sec. 8621. Additional authority for sale or exchange of small parcels 
                            of National Forest System land.
Sec. 8622. Forest Service participation in ACES program.
Sec. 8623. Authorization for lease of Forest Service sites.
Sec. 8624. Good neighbor authority.
Sec. 8625. Wildland-urban interface.
Sec. 8626. Chattahoochee-Oconee National Forest land adjustment.
Sec. 8627. Tennessee wilderness.
Sec. 8628. Additions to Rough Mountain and Rich Hole Wildernesses.
Sec. 8629. Kisatchie National Forest land conveyance.
Sec. 8630. Purchase of Natural Resources Conservation Service property, 
                            Riverside County, California.
Sec. 8631. Collaborative Forest Landscape Restoration Program.
Sec. 8632. Utility infrastructure rights-of-way vegetation management 
                            pilot program.
Sec. 8633. Okhissa Lake rural economic development land conveyance.
Sec. 8634. Prairie dogs.

                      PART III--Timber Innovation

Sec. 8641. Definitions.
Sec. 8642. Clarification of research and development program for wood 
                            building construction.
Sec. 8643. Wood innovation grant program.

                            TITLE IX--ENERGY

Sec. 9101. Definitions.
Sec. 9102. Biobased markets program.
Sec. 9103. Biorefinery assistance.
Sec. 9104. Repowering assistance program.
Sec. 9105. Bioenergy program for advanced biofuel.
Sec. 9106. Biodiesel fuel education program.
Sec. 9107. Rural Energy for America Program.
Sec. 9108. Rural energy self-sufficiency initiative.
Sec. 9109. Feedstock flexibility program for bioenergy producers.
Sec. 9110. Biomass Crop Assistance Program.
Sec. 9111. Biogas research and adoption of biogas systems.
Sec. 9112. Community Wood Energy Program.
Sec. 9113. Carbon utilization education program.

                         TITLE X--HORTICULTURE

Sec. 10101. Specialty crops market news allocation.
Sec. 10102. Local Agriculture Market Program.
Sec. 10103. Organic production and market data initiatives.
Sec. 10104. Organic certification.
Sec. 10105. National organic certification cost-share program.
Sec. 10106. Food safety education initiatives.
Sec. 10107. Specialty crop block grants.
Sec. 10108. Plant variety protection.
Sec. 10109. Multiple crop and pesticide use survey.
Sec. 10110. Clarification of use of funds for technical assistance.
Sec. 10111. Hemp production.
Sec. 10112. Rule of construction.

                        TITLE XI--CROP INSURANCE

Sec. 11101. Definitions.
Sec. 11102. Data collection.
Sec. 11103. Sharing of records.
Sec. 11104. Use of resources.
Sec. 11105. Specialty crops.
Sec. 11106. Insurance period.
Sec. 11107. Cover crops.
Sec. 11108. Underserved producers.
Sec. 11109. Expansion of performance-based discount.
Sec. 11110. Enterprise units.
Sec. 11111. Pasture, rangeland, and forage policy for members of Indian 
                            tribes.
Sec. 11112. Submission of policies and materials to board.
Sec. 11113. Whole farm revenue agent incentives.
Sec. 11114. Crop production on native sod.
Sec. 11115. Use of national agricultural statistics service data to 
                            combat waste, fraud, and abuse.
Sec. 11116. Submission of information to corporation.
Sec. 11117. Acreage report streamlining initiative.
Sec. 11118. Continuing education for loss adjusters and agents.
Sec. 11119. Funding for information technology.
Sec. 11120. Agricultural commodity.
Sec. 11121. Reimbursement of research, development, and maintenance 
                            costs.
Sec. 11122. Research and development authority.
Sec. 11123. Education assistance.
Sec. 11124. Cropland report annual updates.

                        TITLE XII--MISCELLANEOUS

                         Subtitle A--Livestock

Sec. 12101. Sheep production and marketing grant program.
Sec. 12102. National animal health laboratory network.
Sec. 12103. National Animal Disease Preparedness, Response, and 
                            Recovery Program; National Animal Vaccine 
                            and Veterinary Countermeasures Bank.
Sec. 12104. Study on livestock dealer statutory trust.
Sec. 12105. Definition of livestock.

                Subtitle B--Agriculture and Food Defense

Sec. 12201. Repeal of Office of Homeland Security.
Sec. 12202. Office of Homeland Security.
Sec. 12203. Agriculture and food defense.
Sec. 12204. Biological agents and toxins list.
Sec. 12205. Authorization of appropriations.

             Subtitle C--Historically Underserved Producers

Sec. 12301. Farming opportunities training and outreach.
Sec. 12302. Urban agriculture.
Sec. 12303. Office of Advocacy and Outreach.
Sec. 12304. Tribal Advisory Committee.
Sec. 12305. Experienced services program.
Sec. 12306. Youth outreach and beginning farmer coordination.
Sec. 12307. Availability of Department of Agriculture programs for 
                            veteran farmers and ranchers.

   Subtitle D--Department of Agriculture Reorganization Act of 1994 
                               Amendments

Sec. 12401. Office of Congressional Relations and Intergovernmental 
                            Affairs.
Sec. 12402. Military Veterans Agricultural Liaison.
Sec. 12403. Civil rights analyses.
Sec. 12404. Farm Service Agency.
Sec. 12405. Under Secretary of Agriculture for Farm Production and 
                            Conservation.
Sec. 12406. Under Secretary of Agriculture for Rural Development.
Sec. 12407. Administrator of the Rural Utilities Service.
Sec. 12408. Rural Health Liaison.
Sec. 12409. Healthy Food Financing Initiative.
Sec. 12410. Natural Resources Conservation Service.
Sec. 12411. Office of the Chief Scientist.
Sec. 12412. Trade and foreign agricultural affairs.
Sec. 12413. Repeals.
Sec. 12414. Technical corrections.
Sec. 12415. Effect of subtitle.
Sec. 12416. Termination of authority.

               Subtitle E--Other Miscellaneous Provisions

Sec. 12501. Acer access and development program.
Sec. 12502. South Carolina inclusion in Virginia/Carolina peanut 
                            producing region.
Sec. 12503. Pet and Women Safety.
Sec. 12504. Data on conservation practices.
Sec. 12505. Marketing orders.
Sec. 12506. Study on food waste.
Sec. 12507. Report on business centers.
Sec. 12508. Information technology modernization.
Sec. 12509. Report on personnel.
Sec. 12510. Report on absent landlords.
Sec. 12511. Restriction on use of certain poisons for predator control.
Sec. 12512. Century farms program.
Sec. 12513. Report on the importation of live dogs.
Sec. 12514. Establishment of technical assistance program.
Sec. 12515. Promise Zones.
Sec. 12516. Precision agriculture connectivity.
Sec. 12517. Improved soil moisture and precipitation monitoring.
Sec. 12518. Study of marketplace fraud of traditional foods and Tribal 
                            seeds.
Sec. 12519. Dairy business innovation initiatives.
Sec. 12520. Report on funding for the National Institute of Food and 
                            Agriculture and other extension programs.
Sec. 12521. Prohibition on slaughter of dogs and cats for human 
                            consumption.

                     Subtitle F--General Provisions

Sec. 12601. Expedited exportation of certain species.
Sec. 12602. Baiting of migratory game birds.
Sec. 12603. Pima agriculture cotton trust fund.
Sec. 12604. Agriculture wool apparel manufacturers trust fund.
Sec. 12605. Wool research and promotion.
Sec. 12606. Emergency Citrus Disease Research and Development Trust 
                            Fund.
Sec. 12607. Extension of merchandise processing fees.
Sec. 12608. Conforming changes to Controlled Substances Act.
Sec. 12609. National Flood Insurance Program reauthorization.
Sec. 12610. Emergency assistance for livestock, honey bees, and farm-
                            raised fish.
Sec. 12611. Administrative units.
Sec. 12612. Drought and water conservation agreements.
Sec. 12613. Encouragement of pollinator habitat development and 
                            protection.
Sec. 12614. Repair or replacement of fencing; cost share payments.
Sec. 12615. Food donation standards.
Sec. 12616. Micro-grants for food security.
Sec. 12617. Use of additional Commodity Credit Corporation funds for 
                            direct operating microloans under certain 
                            conditions.
Sec. 12618. Business and innovation services essential community 
                            facilities.
Sec. 12619. Rural innovation stronger economy grant program.
Sec. 12620. Dryland farming agricultural systems.
Sec. 12621. Remote sensing technologies.
Sec. 12622. Buy American requirements.
Sec. 12623. Eligibility for operators on heirs property land to obtain 
                            a farm number.
Sec. 12624. Loans to purchasers of land with undivided interest and no 
                            administrative authority.
Sec. 12625. Farmland ownership data collection.
Sec. 12626. Rural business investment program.
Sec. 12627. National Oilheat Research Alliance.
Sec. 12628. Reauthorization of rural emergency medical services 
                            training and equipment assistance program.

SEC. 2. DEFINITION OF SECRETARY.

    In this Act, the term ``Secretary'' means the Secretary of 
Agriculture.

                          TITLE I--COMMODITIES

                      Subtitle A--Commodity Policy

SEC. 1101. PAYMENT ACRES.

    Section 1114(e) of the Agricultural Act of 2014 (7 U.S.C. 9014(e)) 
is amended by adding at the end the following:
            ``(5) Recalculation of base acres.--
                    ``(A) In general.--If the Secretary recalculates 
                base acres for a farm while a farm is engaged in 
                planting and production of fruits, vegetables, or wild 
                rice on base acres for which a reduction in payment 
                acres was made under this subsection, that planting and 
                production shall be considered to be the same as the 
                planting and production of a covered commodity.
                    ``(B) Prohibition.--Nothing in this paragraph 
                provides authority for the Secretary to recalculate 
                base acres for a farm.''.

SEC. 1102. PRODUCER ELECTION.

    Section 1115 of the Agricultural Act of 2014 (7 U.S.C. 9015) is 
amended--
            (1) in subsection (a), in the matter preceding paragraph 
        (1), by striking ``Except as provided in subsection (g), for 
        the 2014 through 2018 crop years'' and inserting ``For the 2014 
        through 2018 crop years (except as provided in subsection (g)) 
        and for the 2019 through 2023 crop years'';
            (2) in subsection (c)--
                    (A) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), by 
                inserting ``or the 2019 crop year, as applicable'' 
                after ``2014 crop year'';
                    (B) in paragraph (1), by inserting ``or the 2019 
                crop year, as applicable,'' after ``2014 crop year''; 
                and
                    (C) in paragraph (2)--
                            (i) by striking ``elected price'' and 
                        inserting the following: ``elected, as 
                        applicable--
                    ``(A) price''; and
                            (ii) in subparagraph (A) (as so 
                        designated), by striking the period at the end 
                        and inserting the following: ``; and
                    ``(B) county coverage for all covered commodities 
                on the farm for the 2020 through 2023 crop years.''; 
                and
            (3) in subsection (g)(1), by inserting ``for the 2018 crop 
        year,'' before ``all of the producers''.

SEC. 1103. PRICE LOSS COVERAGE.

    Section 1116 of the Agricultural Act of 2014 (7 U.S.C. 9016) is 
amended--
            (1) in subsections (a) and (d) by striking ``2018'' each 
        place it appears and inserting ``2023''; and
            (2) in subsection (c)--
                    (A) by redesignating paragraphs (1) and (2) as 
                subparagraphs (A) and (B), respectively, and indenting 
                appropriately;
                    (B) in the matter preceding subparagraph (A) (as so 
                redesignated), by striking ``The payment'' and 
                inserting the following:
            ``(1) In general.--The payment''; and
                    (C) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(2) Announcement.--Not later than 30 days after the end 
        of each applicable 12-month marketing year for each covered 
        commodity, the Secretary shall publish the payment rate 
        determined under paragraph (1).''.

SEC. 1104. AGRICULTURE RISK COVERAGE.

    Section 1117 of the Agricultural Act of 2014 (7 U.S.C. 9017) is 
amended--
            (1) in subsection (a), in the matter preceding paragraph 
        (1)--
                    (A) by inserting ``(beginning with the 2019 crop 
                year, based on the physical location of the farm)'' 
                after ``payments''; and
                    (B) by inserting ``or the 2019 through 2023 crop 
                years, as applicable'' after ``2014 through 2018 crop 
                years'';
            (2) in subsection (c)--
                    (A) in paragraph (2)--
                            (i) in subparagraph (A), by striking 
                        ``paragraph (4)'' and inserting ``paragraphs 
                        (4) and (5)''; and
                            (ii) in subparagraph (B), by striking 
                        ``(5)'' and inserting ``(6)'';
                    (B) in paragraph (3)--
                            (i) in subparagraph (A)(ii), by striking 
                        ``(5)'' and inserting ``(6)''; and
                            (ii) in subparagraph (C), by striking 
                        ``2018'' and inserting ``2023'';
                    (C) in paragraph (4)--
                            (i) by striking ``If'' and inserting 
                        ``Effective for the 2019 through 2023 crop 
                        years, if''; and
                            (ii) by striking ``70 percent'' each place 
                        it appears and inserting ``75 percent'';
                    (D) by redesignating paragraph (5) as paragraph 
                (6); and
                    (E) by inserting after paragraph (4) the following:
            ``(5) Trend-adjusted yield.--The Secretary shall calculate 
        and use a trend-adjusted yield factor to adjust the yield 
        determined under paragraph (2)(A) and subsection (b)(1)(A), 
        taking into consideration, but not exceeding, the trend-
        adjusted yield factor that is used to increase yield history 
        under the endorsement under the Federal Crop Insurance Act (7 
        U.S.C. 1501 et seq.) for that crop and county.'';
            (3) in subsection (d)--
                    (A) in paragraph (1), by redesignating 
                subparagraphs (A) and (B) as clauses (i) and (ii), 
                respectively, and indenting appropriately;
                    (B) by redesignating paragraphs (1) and (2) as 
                subparagraphs (A) and (B), respectively, and indenting 
                appropriately;
                    (C) in the matter preceding subparagraph (A) (as so 
                redesignated), by striking ``The payment'' and 
                inserting the following:
            ``(1) In general.--The payment''; and
                    (D) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(2) Announcement.--Not later than 30 days after the end 
        of each applicable 12-month marketing year for each covered 
        commodity, the Secretary shall publish the payment rate 
        determined under paragraph (1) for each county.'';
            (4) in subsection (e), in the matter preceding paragraph 
        (1), by striking ``2018'' and inserting ``2023'';
            (5) in subsection (g)--
                    (A) in paragraph (2), by inserting ``in accordance 
                with subsection (h),'' before ``to the maximum extent 
                practicable'';
                    (B) in paragraph (3), by striking ``and'' after the 
                semicolon at the end;
                    (C) in paragraph (4)--
                            (i) in the matter preceding subparagraph 
                        (A), by inserting ``effective for the 2014 
                        through 2018 crop years,'' before ``in the case 
                        of''; and
                            (ii) in subparagraph (B), by striking the 
                        period at the end and inserting ``; and''; and
                    (D) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(5) effective for the 2019 through 2023 crop years, in 
        the case of county coverage--
                    ``(A) effective beginning with actual county yields 
                for the 2019 crop year, assign an actual county yield 
                for each planted acre for the crop year for the covered 
                commodity by giving priority to--
                            ``(i) the use of actual county yields in, 
                        to the maximum extent practicable, a single 
                        source of data that provides the greatest 
                        national coverage of county-level data;
                            ``(ii) the use of a source of data that may 
                        be used to determine an average actual county 
                        yield under subsection (b)(1)(A) and an average 
                        historical county yield under subsection 
                        (c)(2)(A) for the same county; and
                            ``(iii) in the case of a county not 
                        included in any source of data described in 
                        clauses (i) and (ii), the use of--
                                    ``(I) other sources of county yield 
                                information; or
                                    ``(II) the yield history of 
                                representative farms in the State, 
                                region, or crop reporting district, as 
                                determined by the Secretary; and
                    ``(B) in the case of a farm that has a tract with 
                base acres and that tract crosses a county boundary--
                            ``(i) prorate the base acres based on the 
                        quantity of cropland of the tract in each 
                        county; and
                            ``(ii) calculate any crop revenue on the 
                        basis described in clause (i).''; and
            (6) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(h) Calculation of Separate Actual Crop Revenue and Agriculture 
Risk Coverage Guarantee.--
            ``(1) In general.--On request of a county Farm Service 
        Agency committee, in coordination with a Farm Service Agency 
        State committee, the Secretary shall consider a 1-time request 
        to calculate a separate actual crop revenue and agriculture 
        risk coverage guarantee for irrigated and nonirrigated covered 
        commodities under subsection (g)(2) in a county if, during the 
        2014 through 2018 crop years--
                    ``(A) an average of not less than 5 percent of the 
                planted and considered planted acreage of a covered 
                commodity in the county was irrigated; and
                    ``(B) an average of not less than 5 percent of the 
                planted and considered planted acreage of the covered 
                commodity in the county was nonirrigated.
            ``(2) Source of information.--In considering a request 
        described in paragraph (1) and calculating a separate actual 
        crop revenue and agriculture risk coverage guarantee for 
        irrigated and nonirrigated covered commodities in a county, the 
        Secretary may use other sources of yield information, including 
        the yield history of representative farms in the State, region, 
        or crop reporting district, as determined by the Secretary.
    ``(i) Publications.--
            ``(1) County guarantee.--
                    ``(A) In general.--For each crop year for a covered 
                commodity, the Secretary shall publish information 
                describing, for that crop year for the covered 
                commodity in each county--
                            ``(i) the agriculture risk coverage 
                        guarantee for county coverage determined under 
                        subsection (c)(1);
                            ``(ii) the average historical county yield 
                        determined under subsection (c)(2)(A); and
                            ``(iii) the national average market price 
                        determined under subsection (c)(2)(B).
                    ``(B) Timing.--
                            ``(i) In general.--Except as provided in 
                        clauses (ii) and (iii), not later than 30 days 
                        after the end of each applicable 12-month 
                        marketing year, the Secretary shall publish the 
                        information described in subparagraph (A).
                            ``(ii) Insufficient data.--In the case of a 
                        covered commodity, such as temperate japonica 
                        rice, for which the Secretary cannot determine 
                        the national average market price for the most 
                        recent 12-month marketing year by the date 
                        described in clause (i) due to insufficient 
                        reporting of timely pricing data by 1 or more 
                        nongovernmental entities, including a marketing 
                        cooperative for the covered commodity, as soon 
                        as practicable after the pricing data is made 
                        available, the Secretary shall publish 
                        information describing--
                                    ``(I) the agriculture risk coverage 
                                guarantee under subparagraph (A)(i); 
                                and
                                    ``(II) the national average market 
                                price under subparagraph (A)(iii).
                            ``(iii) Transition.--Not later than 60 days 
                        after the date of enactment of the Agriculture 
                        Improvement Act of 2018, the Secretary shall 
                        publish the information described in 
                        subparagraph (A) for the 2018 crop year.
            ``(2) Actual average county yield.--As soon as practicable 
        after each crop year, the Secretary shall determine and publish 
        each actual average county yield for each covered commodity, as 
        determined under subsection (b)(1)(A).
            ``(3) Data sources for county yields.--For the 2018 crop 
        year and each crop year thereafter, the Secretary shall make 
        publicly available information describing, for the most recent 
        crop year--
                    ``(A) the sources of data used to calculate county 
                yields under subsection (c)(2)(A) for each covered 
                commodity--
                            ``(i) by county; and
                            ``(ii) nationally; and
                    ``(B) the number and outcome of occurrences in 
                which the Farm Service Agency reviewed, changed, or 
                determined not to change a source of data used to 
                calculate county yields under subsection (c)(2)(A).''.

SEC. 1105. REPEAL OF TRANSITION ASSISTANCE FOR PRODUCERS OF UPLAND 
              COTTON.

    Section 1119 of the Agricultural Act of 2014 (7 U.S.C. 9019) is 
repealed.

SEC. 1106. OPTION TO CHANGE PRODUCER ELECTION.

    Section 1115 of the Agricultural Act of 2014 (7 U.S.C. 9015) is 
amended by adding at the end the following:
    ``(h) Option to Change Producer Election.--Notwithstanding 
subsection (a), for the 2021 crop year, all of the producers on a farm 
may make a 1-time, irrevocable election to change the election 
applicable to the producers on the farm under that subsection or 
subsection (c), as applicable, to price loss coverage or agriculture 
risk coverage, as applicable, which shall apply to the producers on the 
farm for each of the 2021, 2022, and 2023 crop years.''.

                      Subtitle B--Marketing Loans

SEC. 1201. EXTENSIONS.

    (a) In General.--Section 1201(b)(1) of the Agricultural Act of 2014 
(7 U.S.C. 9031(b)(1)) is amended by striking ``2018'' and inserting 
``2023''.
    (b) Loan Rates.--Section 1202(a) of the Agricultural Act of 2014 (7 
U.S.C. 9032(a)) is amended by striking ``2018'' each place it appears 
and inserting ``2023''.
    (c) Repayment.--Section 1204 of the Agricultural Act of 2014 (7 
U.S.C. 9034) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (e)(2)(B), in the matter preceding clause 
        (i), by striking ``2019''and inserting ``2024''; and
            (2) in subsection (g), by striking ``2018'' and inserting 
        ``2023''.
    (d) Loan Deficiency Payments.--
            (1) Extension.--Section 1205(a)(2)(B) of the Agricultural 
        Act of 2014 (7 U.S.C. 9035(a)(2)(B)) is amended by striking 
        ``2018'' and inserting ``2023''.
            (2) Payments in lieu of ldps.--Section 1206 of the 
        Agricultural Act of 2014 (7 U.S.C. 9036) is amended in 
        subsections (a) and (d) by striking ``2018'' each place it 
        appears and inserting ``2023''.
            (3) Special competitive provisions.--Section 1208(a) of the 
        Agricultural Act of 2014 (7 U.S.C. 9038(a)) is amended in the 
        matter preceding paragraph (1) by striking ``2019'' and 
        inserting ``2024''.
            (4) Availability of recourse loans.--Section 1209 of the 
        Agricultural Act of 2014 (7 U.S.C. 9039) is amended in 
        subsections (a)(2) and (b) by striking ``2018'' each place it 
        appears and inserting ``2023''.

SEC. 1202. REPEAL; UNSHORN PELTS.

    Section 1205 of the Agricultural Act of 2014 (7 U.S.C. 9035) is 
amended--
            (1) in subsection (a)(2)--
                    (A) in the paragraph heading, by striking ``Unshorn 
                pelts, hay,'' and inserting ``Hay'';
                    (B) in subparagraph (A), by striking ``nongraded 
                wool in the form of unshorn pelts and''; and
                    (C) in subparagraph (B) (as amended by section 
                1201(d)(1)), by striking ``unshorn pelts or''; and
            (2) in subsection (c)--
                    (A) by striking paragraph (2); and
                    (B) by redesignating paragraph (3) as paragraph 
                (2).

SEC. 1203. ECONOMIC ADJUSTMENT ASSISTANCE FOR UPLAND COTTON USERS.

    (a) 2008 Authority.--Section 1207 of the Food, Conservation, and 
Energy Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 8737) is amended by striking subsection 
(c).
    (b) 2014 Authority.--Section 1207(c) of the Agricultural Act of 
2014 (7 U.S.C. 9037(c)) is amended by striking paragraph (2) and 
inserting the following:
            ``(2) Value of assistance.--
                    ``(A) Effective period.--During the period 
                beginning on August 1, 2013, and ending on July 31, 
                2021, the value of the assistance provided under 
                paragraph (1) shall be 3 cents per pound.
                    ``(B) Subsequent period.--
                            ``(i) In general.--Beginning on the first 
                        day after the end of the period described in 
                        subparagraph (A), and subject to the 
                        availability of appropriations under clause 
                        (ii), the value of the assistance provided 
                        under paragraph (1) shall be 3 cents per pound.
                            ``(ii) Authorization of appropriations.--
                        There are authorized to be appropriated such 
                        sums as are necessary to carry out clause 
                        (i).''.

                           Subtitle C--Sugar

SEC. 1301. SUGAR PROGRAM.

    (a) Extension.--Section 156 of the Federal Agriculture Improvement 
and Reform Act of 1996 (7 U.S.C. 7272) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a)(4), by striking ``2018'' and 
        inserting ``2023'';
            (2) in subsection (b)(2), by striking ``2018'' and 
        inserting ``2023''; and
            (3) in subsection (i), by striking ``2018'' and inserting 
        ``2023''.
    (b) Allotments.--
            (1) Estimates.--Section 359b(a)(1) of the Agricultural 
        Adjustment Act of 1938 (7 U.S.C. 1359bb(a)(1)) is amended in 
        the matter preceding subparagraph (A) by striking ``2018'' and 
        inserting ``2023''.
            (2) Effective period.--Section 359l(a) of the Agricultural 
        Adjustment Act of 1938 (7 U.S.C. 1359ll(a)) is amended by 
        striking ``2018'' and inserting ``2023''.

                           Subtitle D--Dairy

                      PART I--DAIRY RISK COVERAGE

SEC. 1401. DAIRY RISK COVERAGE.

    (a) Dairy Risk Coverage.--Part I of subtitle D of title I of the 
Agricultural Act of 2014 (7 U.S.C. 9051 et seq.) is amended in the part 
heading by striking ``margin protection program'' and inserting ``dairy 
risk coverage''.
    (b) Definitions.--Section 1401 of the Agricultural Act of 2014 (7 
U.S.C. 9051) is amended--
            (1) by redesignating paragraphs (4) through (10) as 
        paragraphs (5) through (11), respectively;
            (2) by inserting after paragraph (3) the following:
            ``(4) Catastrophic coverage.--The term `catastrophic 
        coverage' means coverage under section 1406(a)(2)(B).'';
            (3) in paragraph (6) (as so redesignated)--
                    (A) in the paragraph heading, by striking ``Margin 
                protection program'' and inserting ``Dairy risk 
                coverage'';
                    (B) by striking ``margin protection program'' the 
                first place it appears and inserting ``dairy risk 
                coverage''; and
                    (C) by striking ``the margin protection program'' 
                and inserting ``dairy risk coverage'';
            (4) in paragraph (7) (as so redesignated)--
                    (A) in the paragraph heading, by striking ``Margin 
                protection program'' and inserting ``Dairy risk 
                coverage'';
                    (B) by striking ``margin protection program'' the 
                first place it appears and inserting ``dairy risk 
                coverage''; and
                    (C) by striking ``the margin protection program 
                pursuant to''; and
            (5) in paragraphs (8) and (9) (as so redesignated), by 
        striking ``the margin protection program'' each place it 
        appears and inserting ``dairy risk coverage''.
    (c) Calculation of Actual Dairy Production Margin.--Section 
1402(b)(1) of the Agricultural Act of 2014 (7 U.S.C. 9052(b)(1)) is 
amended in the matter preceding subparagraph (A) by striking ``the 
margin protection program'' and inserting ``dairy risk coverage''.
    (d) Dairy Risk Coverage Administration.--Section 1403 of the 
Agricultural Act of 2014 (7 U.S.C. 9053) is amended to read as follows:

``SEC. 1403. DAIRY RISK COVERAGE ADMINISTRATION.

    ``(a) In General.--Beginning with the 2019 calendar year, the 
Secretary shall administer dairy risk coverage under which 
participating dairy operations are paid a dairy risk coverage payment 
when actual dairy production margins are less than the threshold levels 
for a dairy risk coverage payment.
    ``(b) Regulations.--Subpart A of part 1430 of title 7, Code of 
Federal Regulations (as in effect on the date of enactment of the 
Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018), shall remain in effect for dairy 
risk coverage beginning with the 2019 calendar year, except to the 
extent that the regulations are inconsistent with any provision of this 
Act.''.
    (e) Participation of Dairy Operations in Dairy Risk Coverage.--
Section 1404 of the Agricultural Act of 2014 (7 U.S.C. 9054) is 
amended--
            (1) in the section heading, by striking ``margin protection 
        program'' and inserting ``dairy risk coverage'';
            (2) in subsection (a), by striking ``the margin'' and all 
        that follows through ``payments'' and inserting ``dairy risk 
        coverage to receive dairy risk coverage payments'';
            (3) in subsection (b)--
                    (A) in each of paragraphs (1), (3), and (4), by 
                striking ``the margin protection program'' and 
                inserting ``dairy risk coverage''; and
                    (B) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(5) Catastrophic coverage.--A participating dairy 
        operation may elect to receive catastrophic coverage instead of 
        paying a premium under section 1407.'';
            (4) in subsection (c)--
                    (A) in paragraphs (1)(A) and (3), by striking ``the 
                margin protection program'' each place it appears and 
                inserting ``dairy risk coverage'';
                    (B) in paragraph (1)(B), by striking ``of the 
                margin protection program''; and
                    (C) in paragraph (2)--
                            (i) by striking ``The administrative'' and 
                        inserting the following:
                    ``(A) In general.--The administrative''; and
                            (ii) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(B) Catastrophic coverage.--In addition to the 
                administrative fee under subparagraph (A), a 
                participating dairy operation that elects to receive 
                catastrophic coverage shall pay an additional 
                administrative fee of $100.''; and
            (5) in subsection (d), by striking ``the margin protection 
        program'' and inserting ``dairy risk coverage''.
    (f) Production History of Participating Dairy Operations.--Section 
1405 of the Agricultural Act of 2014 (7 U.S.C. 9055) is amended--
            (1) in subsections (a) and (c), by striking ``the margin 
        protection program'' each place it appears and inserting 
        ``dairy risk coverage''; and
            (2) in subsection (a)(2), by striking ``In subsequent 
        years'' and inserting ``During each of the 2014 through 2019 
        calendar years''.
    (g) Dairy Risk Coverage Payments.--Section 1406 of the Agricultural 
Act of 2014 (7 U.S.C. 9056) is amended--
            (1) in the section heading, by striking ``margin 
        protection'' and inserting ``dairy risk coverage'';
            (2) by striking ``margin protection'' each place it appears 
        and inserting ``dairy risk coverage'';
            (3) in subsection (a)--
                    (A) in paragraph (1)--
                            (i) by striking ``to $4.00'' and all that 
                        follows through ``$5.50'' and inserting the 
                        following: ``to--
                    ``(A) in the case of catastrophic coverage, $5.00;
                    ``(B) $5.50''; and
                            (ii) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(C) in the case of production subject to premiums 
                under section 1407(b), any amount described in 
                subparagraph (B), $8.50, or $9.00; and''; and
                    (B) in paragraph (2)--
                            (i) by striking ``(2) a percentage'' and 
                        inserting the following:
            ``(2)(A) a percentage'';
                            (ii) in subparagraph (A) (as so 
                        designated)--
                                    (I) by striking ``beginning with 25 
                                percent and not exceeding'' and 
                                inserting ``that does not exceed''; and
                                    (II) by striking the period at the 
                                end and inserting ``; or''; and
                            (iii) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(B) in the case of catastrophic coverage, a coverage 
        level of 40 percent of the production history of the 
        participating dairy operation.''; and
            (4) in subsection (c), in the subsection heading, by 
        striking ``Margin Protection'' and inserting ``Dairy Risk 
        Coverage''.
    (h) Premiums for Dairy Risk Coverage.--Section 1407 of the 
Agricultural Act of 2014 (7 U.S.C. 9057) is amended--
            (1) in the section heading, by striking ``margin protection 
        program'' and inserting ``dairy risk coverage'';
            (2) in subsection (a), in the matter preceding paragraph 
        (1), by striking ``the margin protection program'' and 
        inserting ``dairy risk coverage'';
            (3) in subsection (b)--
                    (A) in paragraph (2)--
                            (i) by striking ``Except as'' and all that 
                        follows through ``the'' and inserting ``The'';
                            (ii) by striking the rows relating to the 
                        $4.00, $4.50, and $5.00 coverage levels;
                            (iii) by striking ``$0.009'' and inserting 
                        ``$0.02'';
                            (iv) by striking ``$0.016'' and inserting 
                        ``$0.04'';
                            (v) by striking ``$0.040'' and inserting 
                        ``$0.07'';
                            (vi) by striking ``$0.063'' and inserting 
                        ``$0.10'';
                            (vii) by striking ``$0.087'' and inserting 
                        ``$0.12'';
                            (viii) by striking ``$0.142'' and inserting 
                        ``$0.14''; and
                            (ix) by adding at the end of the table the 
                        following:


                     ``$8.50                                $0.16
                       $9.00                         $0.18''; and
 

                    (B) by striking paragraph (3);
            (4) in subsection (c)(2)--
                    (A) by striking the rows relating to the $4.00, 
                $4.50, and $5.00 coverage levels;
                    (B) by striking ``$0.100'' and inserting 
                ``$0.144'';
                    (C) by striking ``$0.155'' and inserting ``$0.24'';
                    (D) by striking ``$0.290'' and inserting ``$0.42'';
                    (E) by striking ``$0.830'' and inserting ``$1.08'';
                    (F) by striking ``$1.060'' and inserting ``$1.32''; 
                and
                    (G) by striking ``$1.360'' and inserting ``$1.68'';
            (5) in subsection (e)--
                    (A) in paragraph (1), by striking ``the margin 
                protection program'' and inserting ``dairy risk 
                coverage''; and
                    (B) in paragraph (2), by striking ``A participating 
                dairy operation in the margin protection program'' and 
                inserting ``A dairy operation participating in dairy 
                risk coverage''; and
            (6) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(f) Small and Medium Farm Discount.--The premium per 
hundredweight specified in the tables contained in subsections (b) and 
(c) for each coverage level shall be reduced by--
            ``(1) 50 percent for a participating dairy operation with a 
        production history that is less than 2,000,000 pounds; and
            ``(2) 25 percent for a participating dairy operation with a 
        production history that is not less than 2,000,000 pounds and 
        not greater than 10,000,000 pounds.
    ``(g) Repayment of Premiums.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall repay each dairy 
        operation that participated in the margin protection program, 
        as in effect for each of calendar years 2014 through 2017, an 
        amount equal to the difference between--
                    ``(A) the total amount of premiums paid by the 
                participating dairy operation under this section for 
                the applicable calendar year; and
                    ``(B) the total amount of payments made to the 
                participating dairy operation under section 1406 for 
                that calendar year.
            ``(2) Applicability.--Paragraph (1) shall only apply to a 
        calendar year for which the amount described in subparagraph 
        (A) of that paragraph is greater than the amount described in 
        subparagraph (B) of that paragraph.''.
    (i) Effect of Failure to Pay Administrative Fees or Premiums.--
Section 1408 of the Agricultural Act of 2014 (7 U.S.C. 9058) is 
amended--
            (1) in subsection (a)(2), by striking ``margin protection'' 
        and inserting ``dairy risk coverage''; and
            (2) in subsection (b), by striking ``the margin protection 
        program'' and inserting ``dairy risk coverage''.
    (j) Duration.--Section 1409 of the Agricultural Act of 2014 (7 
U.S.C. 9059) is amended--
            (1) by striking ``The margin protection program'' and 
        inserting ``Dairy risk coverage''; and
            (2) by striking ``2018'' and inserting ``2023''.
    (k) Administration and Enforcement.--Section 1410 of the 
Agricultural Act of 2014 (7 U.S.C. 9060) is amended--
            (1) in subsections (a) and (c), by striking ``the margin 
        protection program'' each place it appears and inserting 
        ``dairy risk coverage''; and
            (2) in subsection (b), by striking ``margin protection'' 
        and inserting ``dairy risk coverage''.

      PART II--REAUTHORIZATIONS AND OTHER DAIRY-RELATED PROVISIONS

SEC. 1411. REAUTHORIZATIONS.

    (a) Forward Pricing.--Section 1502(e) of the Food, Conservation, 
and Energy Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 8772(e)) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (1), by striking ``2018'' and inserting 
        ``2023''; and
            (2) in paragraph (2), by striking ``2021'' and inserting 
        ``2026''.
    (b) Indemnity Program.--Section 3 of Public Law 90-484 (7 U.S.C. 
4553) is amended by striking ``2018'' and inserting ``2023''.
    (c) Promotion and Research.--Section 113(e)(2) of the Dairy 
Production Stabilization Act of 1983 (7 U.S.C. 4504(e)(2)) is amended 
by striking ``2018'' and inserting ``2023''.

SEC. 1412. CLASS I SKIM MILK PRICE.

    (a) Class I Skim Milk Price.--Section 8c(5)(A) of the Agricultural 
Adjustment Act (7 U.S.C. 608c(5)(A)), reenacted with amendments by the 
Agricultural Marketing Agreement Act of 1937, is amended by striking 
``Throughout'' in the third sentence and all that follows through the 
period at the end of the fourth sentence and inserting ``Throughout the 
2-year period beginning on the effective date of this sentence (and 
subsequent to such 2-year period unless modified by amendment to the 
order involved), for purposes of determining prices for milk of the 
highest use classification, the Class I skim milk price per 
hundredweight specified in section 1000.50(b) of title 7, Code of 
Federal Regulations (or successor regulations), shall be the sum of the 
adjusted Class I differential specified in section 1000.52 of such 
title 7 (or successor regulations), plus the adjustment to Class I 
prices specified in sections 1005.51(b), 1006.51(b), and 1007.51(b) of 
such title 7 (or successor regulations), plus the simple average of the 
advanced pricing factors computed in sections 1000.50(q)(1) and 
1000.50(q)(2) of such title 7 (or successor regulations), plus 
$0.74.''.
    (b) Effective Date and Implementation.--
            (1) Effective date.--The amendment made by subsection (a) 
        shall take effect on the first day of the first month beginning 
        more than 120 days after the date of enactment of this Act.
            (2) Implementation.--Implementation of the amendment made 
        by subsection (a) shall not be subject to any of the following:
                    (A) The notice and comment provisions of section 
                553 of title 5, United States Code.
                    (B) The notice and hearing requirements of section 
                8c(3) of the Agricultural Adjustment Act (7 U.S.C. 
                608c(3)), reenacted with amendments by the Agricultural 
                Marketing Agreement Act of 1937.
                    (C) The order amendment requirements of section 
                8c(17) of that Act (7 U.S.C. 608c(17)).
                    (D) A referendum under section 8c(19) of that Act 
                (7 U.S.C. 608c(19)).

SEC. 1413. MILK DONATION PROGRAM.

    (a) In General.--Part III of subtitle D of title I of the 
Agricultural Act of 2014 (7 U.S.C. 9071) is amended to read as follows:

                   ``PART III--MILK DONATION PROGRAM

``SEC. 1431. MILK DONATION PROGRAM.

    ``(a) Definitions.--In this section:
            ``(1) Eligible dairy organization.--The term `eligible 
        dairy organization' means a dairy farmer (either individually 
        or as part of a cooperative), or a dairy processor, who--
                    ``(A) accounts to a Federal milk marketing order 
                marketwide pool; and
                    ``(B) incurs qualified expenses under subsection 
                (e).
            ``(2) Eligible distributor.--The term `eligible 
        distributor' means a public or private nonprofit organization 
        that distributes donated eligible milk.
            ``(3) Eligible milk.--The term `eligible milk' means Class 
        I fluid milk products produced and processed in the United 
        States.
            ``(4) Eligible partnership.--The term `eligible 
        partnership' means a partnership between an eligible dairy 
        organization and an eligible distributor.
            ``(5) Participating partnership.--The term `participating 
        partnership' means an eligible partnership for which the 
        Secretary has approved a donation and distribution plan for 
        eligible milk under subsection (c)(2).
    ``(b) Program Required; Purposes.--Not later than 180 days after 
the date of enactment of the Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018, the 
Secretary shall establish and administer a milk donation program for 
the purposes of--
            ``(1) encouraging the donation of eligible milk;
            ``(2) providing nutrition assistance to individuals in low-
        income groups; and
            ``(3) reducing food waste.
    ``(c) Donation and Distribution Plans.--
            ``(1) In general.--To be eligible to receive reimbursement 
        under subsection (d), an eligible partnership shall submit to 
        the Secretary a donation and distribution plan that--
                    ``(A) describes the process that the eligible 
                partnership will use for the donation, processing, 
                transportation, temporary storage, and distribution of 
                eligible milk;
                    ``(B) includes an estimate of the quantity of 
                eligible milk that the eligible partnership will donate 
                each year, based on--
                            ``(i) preplanned donations; and
                            ``(ii) contingency plans to address 
                        unanticipated donations; and
                    ``(C) describes the rate at which the eligible 
                partnership will be reimbursed, which shall be based on 
                a percentage of the limitation described in subsection 
                (e)(2).
            ``(2) Review and approval.--Not less frequently than 
        annually, the Secretary shall--
                    ``(A) review donation and distribution plans 
                submitted under paragraph (1); and
                    ``(B) determine whether to approve or disapprove 
                each of those donation and distribution plans.
    ``(d) Reimbursement.--
            ``(1) In general.--On receipt of appropriate documentation 
        under paragraph (2), the Secretary shall reimburse an eligible 
        dairy organization that is a member of a participating 
        partnership on a regular basis for qualified expenses described 
        in subsection (e).
            ``(2) Documentation.--
                    ``(A) In general.--An eligible dairy organization 
                shall submit to the Secretary such documentation as the 
                Secretary may require to demonstrate the qualified 
                expenses described in subsection (e) of the eligible 
                dairy organization.
                    ``(B) Verification.--The Secretary may verify the 
                accuracy of documentation submitted under subparagraph 
                (A) by spot checks and audits.
            ``(3) Retroactive reimbursement.--In providing 
        reimbursements under paragraph (1), the Secretary may provide 
        reimbursements for qualified expenses incurred before the date 
        on which the donation and distribution plan for the applicable 
        participating partnership was approved by the Secretary.
    ``(e) Qualified Expenses.--
            ``(1) In general.--The amount of a reimbursement under 
        subsection (d) shall be an amount equal to the product of--
                    ``(A) the quantity of eligible milk donated by the 
                eligible dairy organization under a donation and 
                distribution plan approved by the Secretary under 
                subsection (c); and
                    ``(B) subject to the limitation under paragraph 
                (2), the rate described in that donation and 
                distribution plan under subsection (c)(1)(C).
            ``(2) Limitation.--Expenses eligible for reimbursement 
        under subsection (d) shall not exceed the value that an 
        eligible dairy organization incurred by accounting to the 
        Federal milk marketing order pool at the difference in the 
        Class I milk value and the lowest classified price for the 
        applicable month (either Class III milk or Class IV milk).
    ``(f) Preapproval.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall--
                    ``(A) establish a process for an eligible 
                partnership to apply for preapproval of donation and 
                distribution plans under subsection (c); and
                    ``(B) not less frequently than annually, preapprove 
                an amount for qualified expenses described in 
                subsection (e) that the Secretary will allocate for 
                reimbursement under each donation and distribution plan 
                preapproved under subparagraph (A), based on an 
                assessment of--
                            ``(i) the feasibility of the plan; and
                            ``(ii) the extent to which the plan 
                        advances the purposes described in subsection 
                        (b).
            ``(2) Preference.--In preapproving amounts for 
        reimbursement under paragraph (1)(B), the Secretary shall give 
        preference to eligible partnerships that will provide funding 
        and in-kind contributions in addition to the reimbursements.
            ``(3) Adjustments.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall adjust or 
                increase amounts preapproved for reimbursement under 
                paragraph (1)(B) based on performance and demand.
                    ``(B) Requests for increase.--
                            ``(i) In general.--The Secretary shall 
                        establish a procedure for a participating 
                        partnership to request an increase in the 
                        amount preapproved for reimbursement under 
                        paragraph (1)(B) based on changes in 
                        conditions.
                            ``(ii) Interim approval; incremental 
                        increase.--The Secretary may provide an interim 
                        approval of an increase requested under clause 
                        (i) and an incremental increase in the amount 
                        of reimbursement to the applicable 
                        participating partnership to allow time for the 
                        Secretary to review the request without 
                        interfering with the donation and distribution 
                        of eligible milk by the participating 
                        partnership.
    ``(g) Prohibition on Resale of Products.--
            ``(1) In general.--An eligible distributor that receives 
        eligible milk donated under this section may not sell the 
        products back into commercial markets.
            ``(2) Prohibition on future participation.--An eligible 
        distributor that the Secretary determines has violated 
        paragraph (1) shall not be eligible for any future 
        participation in the program established under this section.
    ``(h) Administration.--The Secretary shall publicize opportunities 
to participate in the program established under this section.
    ``(i) Reviews.--The Secretary shall conduct appropriate reviews or 
audits to ensure the integrity of the program established under this 
section.
    ``(j) Funding.--Of the funds of the Commodity Credit Corporation, 
the Secretary shall use to carry out this section $8,000,000 for fiscal 
year 2019, and $5,000,000 for each fiscal year thereafter, to remain 
available until expended.''.
    (b) Conforming Amendment.--Section 1401 of the Agricultural Act of 
2014 (7 U.S.C. 9051) is amended, in the matter preceding paragraph (1), 
by striking ``and part III''.

       Subtitle E--Supplemental Agricultural Disaster Assistance

SEC. 1501. SUPPLEMENTAL AGRICULTURAL DISASTER ASSISTANCE.

    (a) Members of Indian Tribes.--Section 1501(a)(1)(B) of the 
Agricultural Act of 2014 (7 U.S.C. 9081(a)(1)(B)) is amended--
            (1) by redesignating clauses (iii) and (iv) as clauses (iv) 
        and (v), respectively; and
            (2) by inserting after clause (ii) the following:
                            ``(iii) an Indian tribe or tribal 
                        organization (as those terms are defined in 
                        section 4 of the Indian Self-Determination and 
                        Education Assistance Act (25 U.S.C. 5304));''.
    (b) Livestock Indemnity Program.--Section 1501(b) of the 
Agricultural Act of 2014 (7 U.S.C. 9081(b)) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (1)(B), by striking ``cold.'' and 
        inserting ``cold, on the condition that in the case of the 
        death loss of unweaned livestock due to that adverse weather, 
        the Secretary may disregard any management practice, 
        vaccination protocol, or lack of vaccination by the eligible 
        producer on a farm.''; and
            (2) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(5) Sharing of bison market value data.--To ensure that 
        payments made under this subsection relating to bison are 
        consistent with the market value of bison, the Secretary shall 
        annually seek input and data from the bison industry (including 
        bison producer groups) relating to the market value of 
        bison.''.
    (c) Tree Assistance Program.--Section 1501(e) of the Agricultural 
Act of 2014 (7 U.S.C. 9081(e)) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (3), in the matter preceding subparagraph 
        (A), by striking ``paragraph (4)'' and inserting ``paragraphs 
        (4) and (5)''; and
            (2) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(5) Payment rate for beginning and veteran producers.--
        Subject to paragraph (4), in the case of a beginning farmer or 
        rancher or a veteran farmer or rancher (as those terms are 
        defined in section 2501(a) of the Food, Agriculture, 
        Conservation, and Trade Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 2279(a)) that is 
        eligible to receive assistance under this subsection, the 
        Secretary shall provide reimbursement of 75 percent of the 
        costs under subparagraphs (A)(i) and (B) of paragraph (3).''.

SEC. 1502. LOSS OF PEACH AND BLUEBERRY CROPS DUE TO EXTREME COLD.

    (a) In General.--The Secretary shall provide compensation for 
expenses relating to losses of peach and blueberry crops that 
occurred--
            (1) during calendar year 2017; and
            (2) due to extreme cold, as determined by the Secretary.
    (b) Funding.--Of the funds of the Commodity Credit Corporation, the 
Secretary shall use to carry out this section $18,000,000, to remain 
available until expended.

                 Subtitle F--Noninsured Crop Assistance

SEC. 1601. NONINSURED CROP ASSISTANCE PROGRAM.

    Section 196 of the Federal Agriculture Improvement and Reform Act 
of 1996 (7 U.S.C. 7333) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a)--
                    (A) in paragraph (1), by adding at the end the 
                following:
                    ``(C) Data collection and sharing.--The Secretary 
                shall coordinate with the Administrator of the Risk 
                Management Agency on the type and format of data 
                received under the noninsured crop disaster assistance 
                program that--
                            ``(i) best facilitates the use of that data 
                        in developing policies or plans of insurance 
                        offered under the Federal Crop Insurance Act (7 
                        U.S.C. 1501 et seq.); and
                            ``(ii) ensures the availability of that 
                        data on a regular basis.
                    ``(D) Coordination.--The Secretary shall coordinate 
                between the agencies of the Department that provide 
                programs or services to farmers and ranchers that are 
                potentially eligible for the noninsured crop disaster 
                assistance program under this section--
                            ``(i) to make available coverage under--
                                    ``(I) the fee waiver under 
                                subsection (k)(2); or
                                    ``(II) the premium discount under 
                                subsection (l)(3); and
                            ``(ii) to share eligibility information to 
                        reduce paperwork and avoid duplication.''; and
                    (B) in paragraph (4)--
                            (i) in subparagraph (B), by striking clause 
                        (i) and inserting the following:
                            ``(i) In general.--
                                    ``(I) Agricultural act of 2014.--As 
                                determined by the Secretary, native sod 
                                acreage that has been tilled for the 
                                production of a covered crop during the 
                                period beginning on February 8, 2014, 
                                and ending on the date of enactment of 
                                the Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018 
                                shall be subject to 4 cumulative years 
                                of a reduction in benefits under this 
                                section as described in this 
                                subparagraph.
                                    ``(II) Subsequent years.--
                                            ``(aa) Non-hay and non-
                                        forage crops.--During the first 
                                        4 crop years of planting, as 
                                        determined by the Secretary, 
                                        native sod acreage that has 
                                        been tilled for the production 
                                        of a covered crop other than a 
                                        hay or forage crop after the 
                                        date of enactment of the 
                                        Agriculture Improvement Act of 
                                        2018 shall be subject to 4 
                                        cumulative years of a reduction 
                                        in benefits under this section 
                                        as described in this 
                                        subparagraph.
                                            ``(bb) Hay and forage 
                                        crops.--During each crop year 
                                        of planting, as determined by 
                                        the Secretary, native sod 
                                        acreage that has been tilled 
                                        for the production of a hay or 
                                        forage crop after the date of 
                                        enactment of the Agriculture 
                                        Improvement Act of 2018 shall 
                                        be subject to 4 cumulative 
                                        years of a reduction in 
                                        benefits under this section as 
                                        described in this 
                                        subparagraph.'';
                            (ii) by redesignating subparagraph (C) as 
                        subparagraph (D);
                            (iii) by inserting after subparagraph (B) 
                        the following:
                    ``(C) Native sod conversion certification.--
                            ``(i) Certification.--As a condition on the 
                        receipt of benefits under this section, a 
                        producer that has tilled native sod acreage for 
                        the production of an insurable crop as 
                        described in subparagraph (B)(i) shall certify 
                        to the Secretary that acreage using--
                                    ``(I) an acreage report form of the 
                                Farm Service Agency (FSA-578 or any 
                                successor form); and
                                    ``(II) 1 or more maps.
                            ``(ii) Corrections.--Beginning on the date 
                        on which a producer submits a certification 
                        under clause (i), as soon as practicable after 
                        the producer discovers a change in tilled 
                        native sod acreage described in that clause, 
                        the producer shall submit to the Secretary any 
                        appropriate corrections to a form or map 
                        described in subclause (I) or (II) of that 
                        clause.
                            ``(iii) Annual reports.--Not later than 
                        January 1, 2019, and each January 1 thereafter 
                        through January 1, 2023, the Secretary shall 
                        submit to the Committee on Agriculture of the 
                        House of Representatives and the Committee on 
                        Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the 
                        Senate a report that describes the tilled 
                        native sod acreage that has been certified 
                        under clause (i) in each county and State as of 
                        the date of submission of the report.''; and
                            (iv) in subparagraph (D) (as so 
                        redesignated)--
                                    (I) by striking ``This paragraph'' 
                                and inserting the following:
                            ``(i) In general.--Subject to clause (ii), 
                        this paragraph''; and
                                    (II) by adding at the end the 
                                following:
                            ``(ii) Election.--A governor of a State 
                        other than a State described in clause (i) may 
                        elect to have this paragraph apply to the 
                        State.'';
            (2) in subsection (b)--
                    (A) in paragraph (1), by striking ``not later than 
                30 days'' and inserting ``by an appropriate deadline''; 
                and
                    (B) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(4) Streamlined submission process.--The Secretary shall 
        establish a streamlined process for the submission of records 
        and acreage reports under paragraphs (2) and (3) for--
                    ``(A) diverse production systems such as those 
                typical of urban production systems, other small-scale 
                production systems, and direct-to-consumer production 
                systems; and
                    ``(B) additional coverage under subsection (l)--
                            ``(i) for maximum liabilities not greater 
                        than $100,000; and
                            ``(ii) that is equivalent to the process 
                        described in the regulations for microloan 
                        operating loans under parts 761 and 764 of 
                        title 7, Code of Federal Regulations (as in 
                        effect on the date of enactment of the 
                        Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018).'';
            (3) in subsection (d)--
                    (A) by redesignating paragraphs (1), (2), and (3) 
                as paragraphs (2), (3), and (4), respectively;
                    (B) by inserting before paragraph (2) (as so 
                redesignated) the following:
            ``(1) the producer's share of the total acres devoted to 
        the eligible crop; by''; and
                    (C) in paragraph (2) (as so redesignated), by 
                striking ``established yield for the crop'' and 
                inserting ``approved yield for the crop, as determined 
                by the Secretary'';
            (4) in subsection (e)--
                    (A) in paragraph (1), by striking ``farm'' and 
                inserting ``approved'';
                    (B) in paragraph (2)--
                            (i) in the second sentence--
                                    (I) by inserting ``approved'' 
                                before ``yield''; and
                                    (II) by striking ``Subject'' and 
                                inserting the following:
                    ``(B) Calculation.--Subject''; and
                            (ii) in the matter preceding subparagraph 
                        (B) (as so designated)--
                                    (I) by striking ``yield coverage'' 
                                and inserting ``an approved yield''; 
                                and
                                    (II) by striking ``The Secretary'' 
                                and inserting the following:
                    ``(A) In general.--The Secretary''; and
                    (C) in paragraph (3), by striking ``transitional 
                yield of the producer'' and inserting ``county expected 
                yield'';
            (5) in subsection (i)(2), by striking ``exceed $125,000'' 
        and inserting the following: ``exceed--
                    ``(A) in the case of catastrophic coverage under 
                subsection (c), $125,000; and
                    ``(B) in the case of additional coverage under 
                subsection (l), $300,000'';
            (6) in subsection (k)(1)--
                    (A) in subparagraph (A), by striking ``$250'' and 
                inserting ``$325''; and
                    (B) in subparagraph (B)--
                            (i) by striking ``$750'' and inserting 
                        ``$825''; and
                            (ii) by striking ``$1,875'' and inserting 
                        ``$1,950''; and
            (7) in subsection (l)--
                    (A) in paragraph (1)--
                            (i) by redesignating subparagraphs (A), 
                        (B), and (C) as subparagraphs (B), (C), and 
                        (D), respectively;
                            (ii) by inserting before subparagraph (B) 
                        (as so redesignated) the following:
                    ``(A) the producer's share of the total acres 
                devoted to the crop;''; and
                            (iii) in subparagraph (C) (as so 
                        redesignated), by inserting ``, contract price, 
                        or other premium price (such as a local, 
                        organic, or direct market price, as elected by 
                        the producer)'' after ``price'';
                    (B) by striking paragraphs (3) and (5); and
                    (C) by redesignating paragraph (4) as paragraph 
                (3).

SEC. 1602. ADDITIONAL ASSISTANCE FOR CERTAIN PRODUCERS.

    (a) Definition of Qualifying Natural Disaster Declaration.--In this 
section, the term ``qualifying natural disaster declaration'' means--
            (1) a natural disaster declared by the Secretary under 
        section 321(a) of the Consolidated Farm and Rural Development 
        Act (7 U.S.C. 1961(a)); or
            (2) a major disaster or emergency designated by the 
        President under the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and 
        Emergency Assistance Act (42 U.S.C. 5121 et seq.).
    (b) Availability of Additional Assistance.--As soon as practicable 
after October 1, 2018, the Secretary shall make available assistance 
under section 196 of the Federal Agriculture Improvement and Reform Act 
of 1996 (7 U.S.C. 7333) to producers of an eligible crop (as defined in 
subsection (a)(2) of that section) that suffered losses in a county 
covered by a qualifying natural disaster declaration for production 
losses due to volcanic activity.
    (c) Amount.--The Secretary shall make assistance available under 
subsection (b) in an amount equal to the amount of assistance 
determined under section 196(d) of the Federal Agriculture Improvement 
and Reform Act of 1996 (7 U.S.C. 7333(d)), less any fees that are owed 
by producers under section 196(k) of that Act (7 U.S.C. 7333(k)).

                       Subtitle G--Administration

SEC. 1701. REGULATIONS.

    Section 1601(c)(2) of the Agricultural Act of 2014 (7 U.S.C. 
9091(c)(2)) is amended--
            (1) in the matter preceding subparagraph (A), by striking 
        ``title and sections 11003 and 11017'' and inserting ``title, 
        sections 11003 and 11017, title I of the Agriculture 
        Improvement Act of 2018 and the amendments made by that title, 
        and section 10109 of that Act'';
            (2) in subparagraph (A), by adding ``and'' at the end;
            (3) in subparagraph (B), by striking ``; and'' and 
        inserting a period; and
            (4) by striking subparagraph (C).

SEC. 1702. SUSPENSION OF PERMANENT PRICE SUPPORT AUTHORITY.

    Section 1602 of the Agricultural Act of 2014 (7 U.S.C. 9092) is 
amended by striking ``2018'' each place it appears and inserting 
``2023''.

SEC. 1703. IMPLEMENTATION.

    Section 1614 of the Agricultural Act of 2014 (7 U.S.C. 9097) is 
amended--
            (1) by striking subsection (b) and inserting the following:
    ``(b) Streamlining.--In implementing this title, the Secretary 
shall--
            ``(1) reduce administrative burdens and costs to producers 
        by streamlining and reducing paperwork, forms, and other 
        administrative requirements, including through the 
        implementation of the Acreage Crop Reporting and Streamlining 
        Initiative that, in part, shall ensure that--
                    ``(A) a producer (or an agent of a producer) may 
                report information electronically (including geospatial 
                data) or conventionally to the Department of 
                Agriculture;
                    ``(B) the Department of Agriculture collects and 
                collates producer information that allows cross-agency 
                collation, including by--
                            ``(i) using farm numbers, common-land-unit 
                        identifiers, or other common identifiers to 
                        enable data across the farm production and 
                        conservation mission area to be collated by 
                        farm, field, and operator or owner;
                            ``(ii) recording and making available data 
                        at the smallest possible unit, such as field-
                        level; and
                            ``(iii) harmonizing methods for determining 
                        yields and property descriptions; and
                    ``(C) on the request of the producer (or agent 
                thereof), the Department of Agriculture electronically 
                shares with the producer (or agent) in real time and 
                without cost to the producer (or agent) the common land 
                unit data, related farm level data, conservation 
                practices and other information of the producer through 
                a single Department-wide login;
            ``(2) improve coordination, information sharing, and 
        administrative work with the Farm Service Agency, the Risk 
        Management Agency, the Natural Resources Conservation Service, 
        and other agencies, as determined appropriate by the Secretary, 
        including by--
                    ``(A) streamlining processes and reducing paperwork 
                for cross-agency interactions, such as acreage reports 
                and conservation compliance determinations; and
                    ``(B) utilizing common acreage reporting processes 
                to collect relevant field-level data such that a 
                producer--
                            ``(i) has the option to report--
                                    ``(I) to any of those agencies; and
                                    ``(II) electronically; and
                            ``(ii) does not need to report duplicative 
                        information; and
            ``(3) take advantage of new technologies to enhance the 
        efficiency and effectiveness of program delivery to producers, 
        including by--
                    ``(A) providing an option, as practicable, for 
                uploading other farm- or field-level data that is 
                unrelated to program requirements, such as input costs 
                or field characteristics, such as soil test results;
                    ``(B) maintaining historical information and 
                allowing users to examine trends on a field- or farm-
                level;
                    ``(C) providing access to agency tools, such as 
                farm- or field-level estimates of benefits of existing 
                or prospective conservation practices;
                    ``(D) developing data standards and security 
                procedures to allow optional precision agriculture or 
                other third-party providers to develop applications to 
                use or feed into the datasets and analysis; and
                    ``(E) developing methods to summarize the improved 
                yield or reduced risk relating to conservation best 
                practices through cooperative extension services or 
                other similar means, while ensuring the privacy of 
                individual producers.''; and
            (2) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(e) Deobligation of Unliquidated Obligations.--
            ``(1) In general.--Subject to paragraph (3), any payment 
        obligated or otherwise made available by the Secretary under 
        this title on or after the date of enactment of the Agriculture 
        Improvement Act of 2018 that is not disbursed to the recipient 
        by the date that is 5 years after the date on which the payment 
        is obligated or otherwise made available shall--
                    ``(A) be deobligated; and
                    ``(B) revert to the Treasury.
            ``(2) Outstanding payments.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Subject to paragraph (3), any 
                payment obligated or otherwise made available by the 
                Farm Service Agency (or any predecessor agency of the 
                Department of Agriculture) under the laws described in 
                subparagraph (B) before the date of enactment of the 
                Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018, that is not 
                disbursed by the date that is 5 years after the date on 
                which the payment is obligated or otherwise made 
                available shall--
                            ``(i) be deobligated; and
                            ``(ii) revert to the Treasury.
                    ``(B) Laws described.--The laws referred to in 
                subparagraph (A) are any of the following:
                            ``(i) This title.
                            ``(ii) Title I of the Food, Conservation, 
                        and Energy Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 8702 et seq.).
                            ``(iii) Title I of the Farm Security and 
                        Rural Investment Act of 2002 (7 U.S.C. 7901 et 
                        seq.).
                            ``(iv) The Agricultural Market Transition 
                        Act (7 U.S.C. 7201 et seq.).
                            ``(v) Titles I through XI of the Food, 
                        Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act of 
                        1990 (Public Law 101-624; 104 Stat. 3374) and 
                        the amendments made by those titles.
                            ``(vi) Titles I through X of the Food 
                        Security Act of 1985 (Public Law 99-198; 99 
                        Stat. 1362) and the amendments made by those 
                        titles.
                            ``(vii) Titles I through XI of the 
                        Agriculture and Food Act of 1981 (Public Law 
                        97-98; 95 Stat. 1218) and the amendments made 
                        by those titles.
                            ``(viii) Titles I through X of the Food and 
                        Agriculture Act of 1977 (Public Law 95-113; 91 
                        Stat. 917) and the amendments made by those 
                        titles.
            ``(3) Waiver.--The Secretary may delay the date of the 
        deobligation and reversion under paragraph (1) or (2) of any 
        payment--
                    ``(A) that is the subject of--
                            ``(i) ongoing administrative review or 
                        appeal;
                            ``(ii) litigation; or
                            ``(iii) the settlement of an estate; or
                    ``(B) for which the Secretary otherwise determines 
                that the circumstances are such that the delay is 
                equitable.''.

SEC. 1704. DEFINITION OF SIGNIFICANT CONTRIBUTION OF ACTIVE PERSONAL 
              MANAGEMENT.

    Section 1001(a) of the Food Security Act of 1985 (7 U.S.C. 1308(a)) 
is amended by adding at the end the following:
            ``(6) Significant contribution of active personal 
        management.--The term `significant contribution of active 
        personal management' means active personal management 
        activities performed by a person with a direct or indirect 
        ownership interest in the farming operation on a regular, 
        continuous, and substantial basis to the farming operation, and 
        that meet at least one of the following to be considered 
        significant:
                    ``(A) Are performed for at least 25 percent of the 
                total management hours required for the farming 
                operation on an annual basis.
                    ``(B) Are performed for at least 500 hours annually 
                for the farming operation.''.

SEC. 1705. ACTIVELY ENGAGED IN FARMING REQUIREMENT.

    Section 1001A(b) of the Food Security Act of 1985 (7 U.S.C. 1308-
1(b)) is amended by adding at the end the following:
            ``(3) Actively engaged in farming requirement.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Notwithstanding any other 
                provision of this section, section 1001, and sections 
                1001B through 1001F, and any regulations to implement 
                those provisions or sections, the Secretary shall 
                consider not more than 1 person or legal entity per 
                farming operation to be actively engaged in farming 
                using active personal management.
                    ``(B) Requirements.--The Secretary may only 
                consider a person or legal entity to be actively 
                engaged in farming using active personal management 
                under subparagraph (A) if the person or legal entity--
                            ``(i) together with other persons or legal 
                        entities in the farming operation qualifying as 
                        actively engaged in farming under paragraph 
                        (2), does not collectively receive, directly or 
                        indirectly, an amount equal to more than the 
                        limitation under section 1001(b);
                            ``(ii) does not use the active management 
                        contribution allowed under this section to 
                        qualify as actively engaged in farming in more 
                        than 1 farming operation; and
                            ``(iii) manages a farming operation that 
                        does not substantially share equipment, labor, 
                        or management with persons or legal entities 
                        that, together with the person or legal entity, 
                        collectively receive, directly or indirectly, 
                        an amount equal to more than the limitation 
                        under section 1001(b).''.

SEC. 1706. ADJUSTED GROSS INCOME LIMITATION.

    Section 1001D(b)(1) of the Food Security Act of 1985 (7 U.S.C. 
1308-3a(b)(1)) is amended by striking ``$900,000'' and inserting 
``$700,000''.

SEC. 1707. BASE ACRES REVIEW.

    (a) In General.--The Secretary shall review the establishment, 
calculation, reallocation, adjustment, and reduction of base acres 
under part II of subtitle A of title I of the Agricultural Act of 2014 
(7 U.S.C. 9011 et seq.).
    (b) Report.--Not later than 2 years after the date of enactment of 
this Act, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Agriculture of 
the House of Representatives and the Committee on Agriculture, 
Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate a report describing the results 
of the review under subsection (a).

SEC. 1708. FARM SERVICE AGENCY ACCOUNTABILITY.

    (a) In General.--Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment 
of this Act, the Secretary, in consultation with the Inspector General 
of the Department of Agriculture, shall establish policies, procedures, 
and plans to improve program accountability and integrity through 
targeted and coordinated activities, including utilizing data mining to 
identify and reduce errors, waste, fraud, and abuse in programs 
administered by the Farm Service Agency.
    (b) Report.--Not later than 2 years after the date of enactment of 
this Act, and annually thereafter through fiscal year 2023, the 
Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Agriculture of the House of 
Representatives and the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and 
Forestry of the Senate a report describing a summary of--
            (1) the existing efforts of the Department of Agriculture 
        to eliminate errors, waste, fraud, and abuse, including efforts 
        that involve coordination with other departments or agencies;
            (2) identified weaknesses or program integrity issues that 
        contribute to errors, waste, fraud, and abuse in Farm Service 
        Agency programs and plans for actions to be taken to address 
        and reduce those weaknesses or program integrity issues;
            (3) the existing and planned data sampling and mining 
        activities of the Farm Service Agency;
            (4) errors, waste, fraud, or abuse identified through 
        activities under subsection (a); and
            (5) any plans for administrative actions or recommendations 
        for legislative changes relating to reducing errors, waste, 
        fraud, and abuse in programs of the Department of Agriculture.

SEC. 1709. TECHNICAL CORRECTIONS.

    (a) Section 1112(c)(2) of the Agricultural Act of 2014 (7 U.S.C. 
9012(c)(2)) is amended by striking subparagraph (A) and inserting the 
following:
                    ``(A) Any acreage on the farm enrolled in--
                            ``(i) the conservation reserve program 
                        established under subchapter B of chapter 1 of 
                        subtitle D of title XII of the Food Security 
                        Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3831 et seq.); or
                            ``(ii) a wetland reserve easement under 
                        section 1265C of the Food Security Act of 1985 
                        (16 U.S.C. 3865c).''.
    (b) Section 1614(d) of the Agricultural Act of 2014 (7 U.S.C. 
9097(d)) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (1), by striking ``pursuant 2 U.S.C. 
        901(a)'' and inserting ``pursuant to section 251(a) of the 
        Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985 (2 
        U.S.C. 901(a))''; and
            (2) by striking ``subtitles B'' each place it appears and 
        inserting ``subtitle B''.

                         TITLE II--CONSERVATION

                Subtitle A--Conservation Reserve Program

SEC. 2101. EXTENSION AND ENROLLMENT REQUIREMENTS OF CONSERVATION 
              RESERVE PROGRAM.

    Section 1231 of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3831) is 
amended--
            (1) in subsection (a), by striking ``2018'' and inserting 
        ``2023'';
            (2) in subsection (b)(1)--
                    (A) in subparagraph (A)(i), by striking ``or'' at 
                the end and inserting ``and''; and
                    (B) in subparagraph (B), by striking ``Agricultural 
                Act of 2014'' and inserting ``Agriculture Improvement 
                Act of 2018'';
            (3) in subsection (d)--
                    (A) in paragraph (1)--
                            (i) in subparagraph (D), by striking 
                        ``and'' at the end;
                            (ii) in subparagraph (E), by striking the 
                        period at the end and inserting ``; and''; and
                            (iii) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(F) each of fiscal years 2019 through 2023, not 
                more than 25,000,000 acres.''; and
                    (B) in paragraph (2)--
                            (i) in subparagraph (A)--
                                    (I) by striking ``limitations'' and 
                                inserting ``limitation''; and
                                    (II) by striking ``2018'' and 
                                inserting ``2023''; and
                            (ii) in subparagraph (B)--
                                    (I) by striking ``may'' and 
                                inserting ``shall'';
                                    (II) by striking ``land with 
                                expiring'' and inserting the following: 
                                ``land, as determined by the 
                                Secretary--
                            ``(i) with expiring'';
                                    (III) in clause (i) (as so 
                                designated), by striking the period at 
                                the end and inserting a semicolon; and
                                    (IV) by adding at the end the 
                                following:
                            ``(ii) at risk of conversion or 
                        development; or
                            ``(iii) of ecological significance, 
                        including land that--
                                    ``(I) may assist in the restoration 
                                of threatened or endangered species 
                                under the Endangered Species Act of 
                                1973 (16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.);
                                    ``(II) may assist in preventing a 
                                species from being listed as a 
                                threatened or endangered species under 
                                the Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 
                                U.S.C. 1531 et seq.); or
                                    ``(III) improves or creates 
                                wildlife habitat corridors.''; and
                            (iii) in subparagraph (C)--
                                    (I) by striking ``the Secretary 
                                shall make'' and inserting ``the 
                                Secretary shall--
                            ``(i) make'';
                                    (II) in clause (i) (as so 
                                designated), by striking the period at 
                                the end and inserting ``; and''; and
                                    (III) by adding at the end the 
                                following:
                            ``(ii) offer enrollment under subparagraph 
                        (A) during any period that any other land may 
                        be enrolled in the conservation reserve.''; and
                    (C) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(3) Additional enrollment procedure.--
                    ``(A) Grasslands and continuous sign-up.--With 
                respect to enrollment in the conservation reserve 
                program using continuous sign-up under section 
                1234(d)(2)(A)(ii) or of grassland described in 
                subsection (b)(3), the Secretary shall allow producers 
                to submit applications for enrollment on a continuous 
                basis.
                    ``(B) Annual enrollment.--Subject to the 
                availability of acreage for enrollment in the 
                conservation reserve program for a fiscal year in 
                accordance with paragraph (1), the Secretary shall 
                enter into contracts under the conservation reserve 
                program for each fiscal year.
            ``(4) State acres for wildlife enhancement.--
                    ``(A) In general.--For the purposes of applying the 
                limitations in paragraph (1), the Secretary shall give 
                priority to land--
                            ``(i) enrolled in the conservation reserve 
                        program using continuous sign-up under section 
                        1234(d)(2)(A)(ii); and
                            ``(ii) on which practices to maintain, 
                        enhance, or restore wildlife habitat on land 
                        designated as a State acres for wildlife 
                        enhancement area under subsection (j)(1) shall 
                        be conducted.
                    ``(B) Acreage.--Of the acres maintained in the 
                conservation reserve in accordance with paragraph (1), 
                to the maximum extent practicable, not less than 30 
                percent of acres enrolled in the conservation reserve 
                using continuous sign-up under section 
                1234(d)(2)(A)(ii) shall be of land described in 
                subparagraph (A).
            ``(5) Enrollment of water quality practices to foster clean 
        lakes, estuaries, and rivers.--
                    ``(A) In general.--For purposes of applying the 
                limitation in paragraph (1), the Secretary shall give 
                priority to the enrollment in the conservation reserve 
                program under this subchapter of land that, as 
                determined by the Secretary--
                            ``(i) will have a positive impact on water 
                        quality; and
                            ``(ii)(I) will be devoted to--
                                    ``(aa) a grass sod waterway;
                                    ``(bb) a contour grass sod strip;
                                    ``(cc) a prairie strip;
                                    ``(dd) a filterstrip;
                                    ``(ee) a riparian buffer;
                                    ``(ff) a wetland or a wetland 
                                buffer;
                                    ``(gg) a saturated buffer;
                                    ``(hh) a bioreactor; or
                                    ``(ii) another similar water 
                                quality practice, as determined by the 
                                Secretary; or
                            ``(II) will be enrolled in the conservation 
                        reserve program using continuous sign-up under 
                        section 1234(d)(2)(A)(ii).
                    ``(B) Sediment and nutrient loadings.--In carrying 
                out subparagraph (A), the Secretary shall consider land 
                that--
                            ``(i) is located in a watershed impacted by 
                        sediment and nutrient; and
                            ``(ii) if enrolled, will reduce sediment 
                        loadings, nutrient loadings, and harmful algal 
                        blooms, as determined by the Secretary.
                    ``(C) Acreage.--Of the acres maintained in the 
                conservation reserve in accordance with paragraph (1), 
                to the maximum extent practicable, not less than 40 
                percent of acres enrolled in the conservation reserve 
                using continuous sign-up under section 
                1234(d)(2)(A)(ii) shall be of land described in 
                subparagraph (A).
                    ``(D) Report.--The Secretary shall--
                            ``(i) in the monthly publication of the 
                        Secretary describing conservation reserve 
                        program statistics, include a description of 
                        enrollments through the priority under this 
                        paragraph; and
                            ``(ii) publish on the website of the Farm 
                        Service Agency an annual report describing a 
                        summary of, with respect to the enrollment 
                        priority under this paragraph--
                                    ``(I) new enrollments;
                                    ``(II) expirations;
                                    ``(III) geographic distribution; 
                                and
                                    ``(IV) estimated water quality 
                                benefits.''; and
            (4) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(j) State Acres for Wildlife Enhancement.--
            ``(1) In general.--A State or Indian Tribe, in consultation 
        with the applicable State technical committee established under 
        section 1261(a), may submit to the Secretary a request to 
        designate within the State or territory of the Indian Tribe a 
        State acres for wildlife enhancement area (referred to in this 
        subsection as a `SAFE area') in accordance with this 
        subsection.
            ``(2) Requests.--A request submitted under paragraph (1) 
        shall--
                    ``(A) include a description of--
                            ``(i) the specific wildlife species that 
                        would benefit from the creation of the habitat;
                            ``(ii) the number of acres requested for 
                        enrollment;
                            ``(iii) the geographic area where the 
                        habitat would be created; and
                            ``(iv) the 1 or more specific practices to 
                        be conducted for the benefit of the wildlife 
                        species described in clause (i);
                    ``(B) be in accordance with State or national 
                wildlife habitat plans or goals; and
                    ``(C) include a wildlife monitoring and evaluation 
                plan.
            ``(3) Priority.--The Secretary may give priority to 
        requests submitted under paragraph (1)--
                    ``(A) that cover an area--
                            ``(i) on which the habitat for a particular 
                        species may be declining or in danger of 
                        declining;
                            ``(ii) the designation of which would 
                        help--
                                    ``(I) to prevent the listing of a 
                                species as a threatened species or an 
                                endangered species under the Endangered 
                                Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 1531 et 
                                seq.); or
                                    ``(II) to remove a species from the 
                                list of threatened species or 
                                endangered species under that Act;
                            ``(iii) that is adjacent to other 
                        conservation land, including to establish 
                        wildlife corridors and large blocks of 
                        conservation land; or
                            ``(iv) that provides economic or social 
                        value to the local community for outdoor 
                        recreation activities; or
                    ``(B) that include a commitment of funds from which 
                to pay for incentive payments to an agricultural 
                producer that enrolls land in the conservation reserve 
                program within a SAFE area.
            ``(4) Regional balance.--To the maximum extent practicable, 
        the Secretary shall maintain a regional balance in the 
        designation of SAFE areas.
            ``(5) Report.--The Secretary shall--
                    ``(A) in the monthly publication of the Secretary 
                describing conservation reserve program statistics, 
                include a description of enrollments in SAFE areas; and
                    ``(B) publish on the website of the Farm Service 
                Agency an annual report describing a summary of, with 
                respect to SAFE areas--
                            ``(i) new enrollments;
                            ``(ii) expirations;
                            ``(iii) geographic distribution; and
                            ``(iv) estimated wildlife benefits.''.

SEC. 2102. FARMABLE WETLAND PROGRAM.

    Section 1231B(a)(1) of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 
3831b(a)(1)) is amended by striking ``2018'' and inserting ``2023''.

SEC. 2103. DUTIES OF THE SECRETARY.

    (a) Cost-Share and Rental Payments.--Section 1233(a)(1) of the Food 
Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3833(a)(1)) is amended by inserting ``, 
including the cost of fencing and other water distribution practices, 
if applicable'' after ``interest''.
    (b) Specified Activities Permitted.--Section 1233(b) of the Food 
Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3833(b)) is amended--
            (1) by striking paragraphs (1), (2), (3), and (5);
            (2) by redesignating paragraph (4) as subparagraph (C) and 
        indenting appropriately;
            (3) by inserting before subparagraph (C) (as so 
        redesignated) the following:
                    ``(B) harvesting, grazing, or other commercial use 
                of the forage, without any reduction in the rental 
                rate, in response to--
                            ``(i) drought;
                            ``(ii) flooding;
                            ``(iii) a state of emergency caused by 
                        drought or wildfire--
                                    ``(I) that is declared by the 
                                Governor, in consultation with the 
                                State Committee of the Farm Service 
                                Agency, of the State in which the land 
                                that is subject to a contract under the 
                                conservation reserve program is 
                                located;
                                    ``(II) that covers any part of the 
                                State or the entire State; and
                                    ``(III) the declaration of which 
                                under subclause (I) is not objected to 
                                by the Secretary during the 5 business 
                                days after the date of declaration; or
                            ``(iv) any other emergency, as determined 
                        by the Secretary;'';
            (4) in the matter preceding subparagraph (B) (as so 
        designated), by striking ``The Secretary'' and inserting the 
        following:
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary'';
            (5) in paragraph (1) (as so designated)--
                    (A) by inserting before subparagraph (B) (as so 
                designated) the following:
                    ``(A) consistent with the conservation of soil, 
                water quality, and wildlife habitat--
                            ``(i) managed harvesting and other 
                        commercial use (including the managed 
                        harvesting of biomass), in exchange for a 
                        reduction in the annual rental rate of 25 
                        percent for the acres covered by the activity, 
                        except that in permitting those activities, the 
                        Secretary, in consultation with the State 
                        technical committee established under section 
                        1261(a) for the applicable State, shall--
                                    ``(I) develop appropriate 
                                vegetation management requirements;
                                    ``(II) subject harvesting to 
                                restrictions during the primary nesting 
                                season for birds in the area, as 
                                determined by the Secretary, in 
                                consultation with the State technical 
                                committee;
                                    ``(III) not allow harvesting to 
                                occur more frequently than once every 3 
                                years on the same land; and
                                    ``(IV) not allow more than \1/3\ of 
                                the acres covered by all of the 
                                conservation reserve program contracts 
                                of the owner or operator to be 
                                harvested during any year; and
                            ``(ii) grazing, in exchange for a reduction 
                        in the annual rental rate of 25 percent for the 
                        acres covered by the activity, except that in 
                        permitting that grazing, the Secretary, in 
                        consultation with the State technical committee 
                        established under section 1261(a) for the 
                        applicable State, shall--
                                    ``(I) develop appropriate 
                                vegetation management requirements and 
                                stocking rates, based on stocking rates 
                                under the livestock forage disaster 
                                program established under section 
                                1501(c) of the Agricultural Act of 2014 
                                (7 U.S.C. 9081(c)) (referred to in this 
                                subsection as the `livestock forage 
                                disaster program'), for the land that 
                                are suitable for continued grazing;
                                    ``(II) identify the periods during 
                                which grazing may be conducted, taking 
                                into consideration regional 
                                differences, such as--
                                            ``(aa) climate, soil type, 
                                        and natural resources;
                                            ``(bb) the appropriate 
                                        frequency and duration of 
                                        grazing activities; and
                                            ``(cc) how often during a 
                                        year in which grazing is 
                                        permitted that grazing should 
                                        be allowed to occur;
                                    ``(III) not allow grazing to occur 
                                more frequently than once every 3 years 
                                on the same land;
                                    ``(IV)(aa) in the case of a 
                                conservation reserve program contract 
                                that covers more than 20 acres, not 
                                allow more than \1/3\ of the acres 
                                covered by all of the conservation 
                                reserve program contracts of the owner 
                                or operator to be grazed during any 
                                year; or
                                            ``(bb) in the case of a 
                                        conservation reserve program 
                                        contract that covers less than 
                                        or equal to 20 acres, allow 
                                        grazing on all of the land 
                                        covered by the contract at 25 
                                        percent of the stocking rate 
                                        permitted under the livestock 
                                        forage disaster program; and
                                    ``(V) allow a veteran or beginning 
                                farmer or rancher to graze livestock 
                                without any reduction in the rental 
                                rate; and''; and
                    (B) in subparagraph (C) (as so redesignated), by 
                striking ``; and'' and inserting a period; and
            (6) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(2) Restrictions and conditions.--Paragraph (1)(A) shall 
        be subject to the following restrictions and conditions:
                    ``(A) Severe or higher intensity drought.--Land 
                located in a county that has been rated by the United 
                States Drought Monitor as having a D2 (severe drought) 
                or greater intensity for not less than 1 month during 
                the normal grazing period established under the 
                livestock forage disaster program for the 3 previous 
                consecutive years shall be ineligible for harvesting or 
                grazing under paragraph (1)(A) for that year.
                    ``(B) Damage to vegetative cover.--The Secretary, 
                in coordination with the applicable State technical 
                committee established under section 1265(a), may 
                determine for any year that harvesting or grazing under 
                paragraph (1)(A) shall not be permitted on land subject 
                to a contract under the conservation reserve program in 
                a particular county if harvesting or grazing for that 
                year would cause long-term damage to the vegetative 
                cover on that land.
                    ``(C) State acres for wildlife enhancement.--The 
                Secretary, in consultation with the State technical 
                committee established under section 1261(a) for the 
                applicable State, may allow grazing or harvesting in 
                accordance with paragraph (1)(A) on land covered by a 
                contract enrolled under the State acres for wildlife 
                enhancement program established by the Secretary or 
                established under section 1231(j) through the duration 
                of that contract, if grazing or harvesting is 
                specifically permitted under the applicable State acres 
                for wildlife enhancement program agreement for that 
                contract.
                    ``(D) Conservation reserve enhancement program.--
                The Secretary, in consultation with the State technical 
                committee established under section 1261(a) for the 
                applicable State, may allow grazing or harvesting under 
                paragraph (1)(A) to be conducted on land covered by a 
                contract enrolled under the conservation reserve 
                enhancement program established by the Secretary under 
                this subchapter or under section 1231A, if grazing or 
                harvesting is specifically permitted under the 
                applicable conservation reserve enhancement program 
                agreement for that contract.''.
    (c) Harvesting and Grazing.--Section 1233 of the Food Security Act 
of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3833) is amended by adding at the end the following:
    ``(e) Harvesting and Grazing.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary, in consultation with the 
        State technical committee established under section 1261(a) for 
        the applicable State, may permit harvesting and grazing in 
        accordance with subsection (b) on any land subject to a 
        contract under the conservation reserve program.
            ``(2) Exception.--The Secretary, in coordination with the 
        applicable State technical committee established under section 
        1261(a), may determine for any year that harvesting or grazing 
        described in paragraph (1) shall not be permitted on land 
        subject to a contract under the conservation reserve program in 
        a particular county, or under a particular practice, if 
        harvesting or grazing for that year in that county or under 
        that practice, as applicable, would cause long-term damage to 
        vegetative cover on that land.''.

SEC. 2104. PAYMENTS.

    Section 1234 of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3834) is 
amended--
            (1) in subsection (c)--
                    (A) by redesignating paragraphs (1) and (2) as 
                subparagraphs (A) and (B), respectively, and indenting 
                appropriately;
                    (B) by inserting before subparagraph (A) (as so 
                redesignated) the following:
            ``(1) Signing and practice incentive payments.--
                    ``(A) In general.--In the case of a continuous 
                enrollment contract, the Secretary may make an 
                incentive payment to an owner or operator of eligible 
                land in an amount sufficient to encourage participation 
                in the program established under this subchapter.
                    ``(B) Limitation on making payments.--The Secretary 
                may only make an incentive payment under subparagraph 
                (A) if the national average market price received by 
                producers during the previous 12-month marketing year 
                for major covered commodities is greater than the 
                national average market price received by producers 
                during the most recent 10 marketing years for major 
                covered commodities.
            ``(2) Tree thinning and other practices.--''; and
                    (C) in paragraph (2)(B) (as so designated), by 
                striking ``paragraph (1)'' and inserting ``subparagraph 
                (A)'';
            (2) in subsection (d)--
                    (A) in paragraph (3)(A)--
                            (i) by striking ``Secretary may'' and 
                        inserting the following: ``Secretary--
                            ``(i) may'';
                            (ii) in clause (i) (as so designated), by 
                        striking the period at the end and inserting 
                        ``; and''; and
                            (iii) by adding at the end the following:
                            ``(ii) shall prioritize the enrollment of 
                        marginal and environmentally sensitive land 
                        that is the subject of the contract offer.''; 
                        and
                    (B) in paragraph (5)--
                            (i) in subparagraph (A), by striking 
                        ``other'' before ``year,'';
                            (ii) in subparagraph (C)--
                                    (I) by striking ``The Secretary may 
                                use'' and inserting ``Subject to 
                                paragraph (3)(A)(ii), with respect 
                                to''; and
                                    (II) by striking ``rental rates'' 
                                the first place it appears and 
                                inserting the following: ``rental 
                                rates, the Secretary--
                            ``(i) shall apply the limitation described 
                        in subsection (g)(1); and
                            ``(ii) may use the estimates''; and
                            (iii) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(D) Rental rate limitation.--Except in the case 
                of an incentive payment under subsection (c), a payment 
                under this subchapter shall not exceed 88.5 percent of 
                the estimated rental rate determined under subparagraph 
                (A).''; and
            (3) in subsection (g)--
                    (A) in paragraph (1), by striking ``The total'' and 
                inserting ``Except as provided in paragraph (2), the 
                total''; and
                    (B) by striking paragraph (2) and inserting the 
                following:
            ``(2) Wellhead protection.--Paragraph (1) and section 
        1001D(b) shall not apply to rental payments received by a rural 
        water district or association for land that is enrolled under 
        this subchapter for the purpose of protecting a wellhead.''.

SEC. 2105. CONSERVATION RESERVE ENHANCEMENT PROGRAM.

    (a) In General.--Subchapter B of chapter 1 of subtitle D of title 
XII of the Food Security Act of 1985 is amended by inserting after 
section 1231 (16 U.S.C. 3831) the following:

``SEC. 1231A. CONSERVATION RESERVE ENHANCEMENT PROGRAM.

    ``(a) Definitions.--In this section:
            ``(1) Eligible land.--The term `eligible land' means land 
        that is eligible to be included in the program established 
        under this subchapter.
            ``(2) Eligible partner.--The term `eligible partner' 
        means--
                    ``(A) a State;
                    ``(B) a political subdivision of a State;
                    ``(C) an Indian tribe (as defined in section 4 of 
                the Indian Self-Determination and Education Assistance 
                Act (25 U.S.C. 5304));
                    ``(D) a nongovernmental organization;
                    ``(E) an institution of higher education (as 
                defined in section 101(a) of the Higher Education Act 
                of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1001(a)));
                    ``(F) a State cooperative extension service;
                    ``(G) a research institute; and
                    ``(H) any other entity, as determined appropriate 
                by the Secretary.
            ``(3) Management.--The term `management' means an activity 
        conducted by an owner or operator under a contract entered into 
        under this subchapter after the establishment of a conservation 
        practice on eligible land, to regularly maintain or enhance the 
        vegetative cover established by the conservation practice--
                    ``(A) throughout the term of the contract; and
                    ``(B) consistent with the conservation plan that 
                covers the eligible land.
            ``(4) Program.--The term `program' means a conservation 
        reserve enhancement program carried out under an agreement 
        under subsection (b)(1).
    ``(b) Agreements.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary may enter into an 
        agreement with an eligible partner to carry out a conservation 
        reserve enhancement program--
                    ``(A) to assist in enrolling eligible land in the 
                program established under this subchapter; and
                    ``(B) that the Secretary determines will advance 
                the purposes of this subchapter.
            ``(2) Contents.--An agreement entered into under paragraph 
        (1) shall--
                    ``(A) describe--
                            ``(i) 1 or more specific State or 
                        nationally significant conservation concerns to 
                        be addressed by the agreement;
                            ``(ii) quantifiable environmental goals for 
                        addressing the concerns under clause (i);
                            ``(iii) a suitable acreage goal for 
                        enrollment of eligible land under the 
                        agreement, as determined by the Secretary;
                            ``(iv) the location of eligible land to be 
                        enrolled in the project area identified under 
                        the agreement;
                            ``(v) the payments to be offered by the 
                        Secretary and eligible partner to an owner or 
                        operator; and
                            ``(vi) an appropriate list of conservation 
                        reserve program conservation practice 
                        standards, including any modifications to the 
                        practice standards, that are appropriate to 
                        meeting the concerns described under clause 
                        (i), as determined by the Secretary in 
                        consultation with eligible partners; and
                    ``(B) require the eligible partner to provide 
                funds.
            ``(3) Effect on existing agreements.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Subject to subparagraph (B), an 
                agreement under this subsection shall not affect, 
                modify, or interfere with existing agreements under 
                this subchapter.
                    ``(B) Modification of existing agreements.--To 
                implement this section, the signatories to an agreement 
                under this subsection may mutually agree to a 
                modification of an agreement entered into before the 
                date of enactment of this section under the 
                Conservation Reserve Enhancement Program established by 
                the Secretary under this subchapter.
    ``(c) Payments.--
            ``(1) Funding requirement.--Funds provided by an eligible 
        partner may be in cash, in-kind contributions, or technical 
        assistance.
            ``(2) Marginal pastureland cost-share payments.--The 
        Secretary shall ensure that cost-share payments to an owner or 
        operator to install stream fencing, crossings, and alternative 
        water development on marginal pastureland under a program 
        reflect the fair market value of the cost of installation.
            ``(3) Cost-share and practice incentive payments.--
                    ``(A) In general.--On request of an owner or 
                operator, the Secretary shall provide cost-share 
                payments when a major conservation practice component 
                is completed under a program, as determined by the 
                Secretary.
                    ``(B) Assignment to eligible partner.--An owner or 
                operator may assign cost-share and practice incentive 
                payments to an eligible partner if the eligible partner 
                installs the conservation practice or conducts the 
                ongoing management of the conservation practice on 
                behalf of the owner or operator.
            ``(4) Riparian buffer management payments.--
                    ``(A) In general.--In the case of an agreement 
                under subsection (b)(1) that includes riparian buffers 
                as an eligible practice, the Secretary shall make cost-
                share payments to encourage the regular management of 
                the riparian buffer throughout the term of the 
                agreement, consistent with the conservation plan that 
                covers the eligible land.
                    ``(B) Limitation.--The amount of payments received 
                by an owner or operator under subparagraph (A) shall 
                not be greater than 100 percent of the normal and 
                customary projected management cost, as determined by 
                the Secretary, in consultation with the applicable 
                State technical committee established under section 
                1261(a).
    ``(d) Forested Riparian Buffer Practice.--
            ``(1) Food-producing woody plants.--In the case of an 
        agreement under subsection (b)(1) that includes forested 
        riparian buffers as an eligible practice, the Secretary shall 
        allow an owner or operator--
                    ``(A) to plant food-producing woody plants in the 
                forested riparian buffers, on the conditions that--
                            ``(i) the plants shall contribute to the 
                        conservation of soil, water quality, and 
                        wildlife habitat; and
                            ``(ii) the planting shall be consistent 
                        with--
                                    ``(I) recommendations of the 
                                applicable State technical committee 
                                established under section 1261(a); and
                                    ``(II) technical guide standards of 
                                the applicable field office of the 
                                Natural Resources Conservation Service; 
                                and
                    ``(B) to harvest from plants described in 
                subparagraph (A), on the conditions that--
                            ``(i) the harvesting shall not damage the 
                        conserving cover or otherwise have a negative 
                        impact on the conservation concerns targeted by 
                        the program; and
                            ``(ii) only native plant species 
                        appropriate to the region shall be used within 
                        35 feet of the watercourse.
            ``(2) Technical assistance.--For the purpose of enrolling 
        forested riparian buffers in a program, the Administrator of 
        the Farm Service Agency, in consultation with the Chief of the 
        Forest Service--
                    ``(A) shall provide funds for technical assistance 
                directly to a State forestry agency; and
                    ``(B) is encouraged to partner with a 
                nongovernmental organization--
                            ``(i) to make recommendations for 
                        conservation practices under the program;
                            ``(ii) to provide technical assistance 
                        necessary to carry out the conservation 
                        practices recommended under clause (i); and
                            ``(iii) to implement riparian buffers by--
                                    ``(I) pooling and submitting 
                                applications on behalf of owners and 
                                operators in a specific watershed; and
                                    ``(II) carrying out management 
                                activities for the duration of the 
                                program.
    ``(e) Acreage.--Of the acres of land maintained in the conservation 
reserve in accordance with section 1231(d)(1), to the maximum extent 
practicable, not less than 20 percent of the acres enrolled in the 
conservation reserve program using continuous sign-up under section 
1234(d)(2)(A)(ii) shall be enrolled under an agreement under subsection 
(b)(1).
    ``(f) Status Report.--Not later than 180 days after the end of each 
fiscal year, the Secretary shall submit to Congress a report that 
describes, with respect to each agreement entered into under subsection 
(b)(1)--
            ``(1) the status of the agreement;
            ``(2) the purposes and objectives of the agreement;
            ``(3) the Federal and eligible partner commitments made 
        under the agreement; and
            ``(4) the progress made in fulfilling those commitments.''.
    (b) Conforming Amendments.--
            (1) Section 1240R(c)(3) of the Food Security Act of 1985 
        (16 U.S.C. 3839bb-5(c)(3)) is amended by striking ``a special 
        conservation reserve enhancement program described in section 
        1234(f)(4)'' and inserting ``the Conservation Reserve 
        Enhancement Program under section 1231A''.
            (2) Section 1244(f)(3) of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 
        U.S.C. 3844(f)(3)) is amended by striking ``subsection 
        (d)(2)(A)(ii) or (g)(2) of section 1234'' and inserting 
        ``section 1231A or 1234(d)(2)(A)(ii)''.

SEC. 2106. CONTRACTS.

    (a) In General.--Section 1235 of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 
U.S.C. 3835) is amended--
            (1) by striking subsection (e);
            (2) by redesignating subsections (f) through (h) as 
        subsections (e) through (g), respectively;
            (3) in subsection (e) (as so redesignated)--
                    (A) in paragraph (1)--
                            (i) in the matter preceding subparagraph 
                        (A), by striking ``retired farmer or rancher'' 
                        and inserting ``contract holder'';
                            (ii) by striking ``retired or retiring 
                        owner or operator'' each place it appears and 
                        inserting ``contract holder'';
                            (iii) in subparagraph (A), in the matter 
                        preceding clause (i), by striking ``1 year'' 
                        and inserting ``2 years'';
                            (iv) in subparagraph (B), by inserting 
                        ``purchase, including a lease with a term of 
                        less than 5 years and an option to'' before 
                        ``purchase)'';
                            (v) in subparagraph (D), by striking 
                        ``and'' at the end;
                            (vi) by redesignating subparagraph (E) as 
                        subparagraph (F); and
                            (vii) by inserting after subparagraph (D) 
                        the following:
                    ``(E) give priority to the enrollment of the land 
                in--
                            ``(i) the conservation stewardship program 
                        established under subchapter B of chapter 2;
                            ``(ii) the environmental quality incentives 
                        program established under chapter 4; or
                            ``(iii) the agricultural conservation 
                        easement program established under subtitle H; 
                        and''; and
                    (B) in paragraph (2)(A), by striking ``under the'' 
                and inserting the following: ``under--
                            ``(i) the conservation reserve program for 
                        grasslands described in section 1231(b)(3); or
                            ``(ii) the''; and
            (4) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(h) Owner or Operator Election Relating to Conservation Reserve 
Easements.--
            ``(1) Definition of covered contract.--In this subsection, 
        the term `covered contract' means a contract entered into under 
        this subchapter--
                    ``(A) during the period beginning on the date of 
                enactment of this subsection and ending on September 
                30, 2023; and
                    ``(B) that covers land enrolled in the conservation 
                reserve program--
                            ``(i) under the clean lakes, estuaries, and 
                        rivers priority described in section 
                        1231(d)(5); or
                            ``(ii) that is located in a State acres for 
                        wildlife enhancement area under section 
                        1231(j).
            ``(2) Election.--On the expiration of a covered contract, 
        an owner or operator party to the covered contract shall 
        elect--
                    ``(A) not to reenroll the land under the contract;
                    ``(B) to reenroll the land under the contract, on 
                the conditions that--
                            ``(i) the annual rental payment shall be 
                        decreased by 40 percent; and
                            ``(ii) no incentive payments shall be 
                        provided under the contract; or
                    ``(C) not to reenroll the land under the contract 
                and to enroll the land under the contract in a 
                conservation reserve easement under section 1231C.
            ``(3) Exception.--On the expiration of a covered contract, 
        if land enrolled in the conservation reserve program under that 
        contract is determined by the Secretary to not be suitable for 
        permanent protection through a conservation reserve easement 
        under section 1231C, notwithstanding paragraph (2)(B), the 
        Secretary shall allow the land to be reenrolled under the terms 
        of the conservation reserve program in effect on the date of 
        expiration.''.
    (b) Conforming Amendment.--Section 1241(a)(1)(B) of the Food 
Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3841(a)(1)(B)) is amended by striking 
``1235(f)'' and inserting ``1235(e)''.

SEC. 2107. CONSERVATION RESERVE EASEMENTS.

    Subchapter B of chapter 1 of subtitle D of title XII of the Food 
Security Act of 1985 is amended by inserting after section 1231B (16 
U.S.C. 3831b) the following:

``SEC. 1231C. CONSERVATION RESERVE EASEMENTS.

    ``(a) In General.--
            ``(1) Enrollment.--The Secretary shall offer to enroll land 
        in the conservation reserve program through a conservation 
        reserve easement in accordance with this section.
            ``(2) Exclusion of acreage limitation.--For purposes of 
        applying the limitations in section 1231(d)(1), the Secretary 
        shall not count acres of land enrolled under this section.
    ``(b) Eligible Land.--Only land subject to an expired covered 
contract (as defined in section 1235(h)(1)) shall be eligible for 
enrollment through a conservation reserve easement under this section.
    ``(c) Term.--The term of a conservation reserve easement shall be--
            ``(1) permanent; or
            ``(2) the maximum period allowed by State law.
    ``(d) Agreements.--To be eligible to enroll land in the 
conservation reserve program through a conservation reserve easement, 
the owner of the land shall enter into an agreement with the 
Secretary--
            ``(1) to grant an easement on the land to the Secretary;
            ``(2) to implement a conservation reserve easement plan 
        developed for the land under subsection (h)(1);
            ``(3) to create and record an appropriate deed restriction 
        in accordance with applicable State law to reflect the 
        easement;
            ``(4) to provide a written statement of consent to the 
        easement signed by any person holding a security interest in 
        the land;
            ``(5) to comply with the terms and conditions of the 
        easement and any related agreements; and
            ``(6) to permanently retire any existing base history for 
        the land covered by the easement.
    ``(e) Terms and Conditions of Easements.--
            ``(1) In general.--A conservation reserve easement shall 
        include terms and conditions that--
                    ``(A) permit--
                            ``(i) repairs, improvements, and 
                        inspections on the land that are necessary to 
                        maintain existing public drainage systems; and
                            ``(ii) owners to control public access on 
                        the land while identifying access routes to be 
                        used for restoration activities and management 
                        and easement monitoring;
                    ``(B) prohibit--
                            ``(i) the alteration of wildlife habitat 
                        and other natural features of the land, unless 
                        specifically authorized by the Secretary as 
                        part of the conservation reserve easement plan;
                            ``(ii) the spraying of the land with 
                        chemicals or the mowing of the land, except 
                        where the spraying or mowing is authorized by 
                        the Secretary or is necessary--
                                    ``(I) to comply with Federal or 
                                State noxious weed control laws;
                                    ``(II) to comply with a Federal or 
                                State emergency pest treatment program; 
                                or
                                    ``(III) to meet habitat needs of 
                                specific wildlife species;
                            ``(iii) any activity to be carried out on 
                        the land of the owner or successor that is 
                        immediately adjacent to, and functionally 
                        related to, the land that is subject to the 
                        easement if the activity will alter, degrade, 
                        or otherwise diminish the functional value of 
                        the land; and
                            ``(iv) the adoption of any other practice 
                        that would tend to defeat the purposes of the 
                        conservation reserve program, as determined by 
                        the Secretary; and
                    ``(C) include any additional provision that the 
                Secretary determines is appropriate to carry out this 
                section or facilitate the practical administration of 
                this section.
            ``(2) Violation.--On the violation of a term or condition 
        of a conservation reserve easement--
                    ``(A) the conservation reserve easement shall 
                remain in force; and
                    ``(B) the Secretary may require the owner to refund 
                all or part of any payments received by the owner under 
                the program, with interest on the payments, as 
                determined appropriate by the Secretary.
            ``(3) Compatible uses.--Land subject to a conservation 
        reserve easement may be used for compatible economic uses, 
        including hunting and fishing, managed timber harvest, or 
        periodic haying or grazing, if the use--
                    ``(A) is specifically permitted by the conservation 
                reserve easement plan developed for the land; and
                    ``(B) is consistent with the long-term protection 
                and enhancement of the conservation resources for which 
                the easement was established.
    ``(f) Compensation.--
            ``(1) Determination.--
                    ``(A) Permanent easements.--The Secretary shall pay 
                as compensation for a permanent conservation reserve 
                easement acquired under this section an amount 
                necessary to encourage enrollment of land in such a 
                conservation reserve easement, based on the lowest of--
                            ``(i) the fair market value of the land, as 
                        determined by the Secretary, using the Uniform 
                        Standards of Professional Appraisal Practice or 
                        an areawide market analysis or survey;
                            ``(ii) the amount corresponding to a 
                        geographical limitation, as determined by the 
                        Secretary in regulations prescribed by the 
                        Secretary; or
                            ``(iii) the offer made by the landowner.
                    ``(B) Other.--Compensation for a conservation 
                reserve easement that is not permanent due to a 
                restriction in applicable State law shall be not less 
                than 50 percent, but not more than 75 percent, of the 
                compensation that would be paid for a permanent 
                conservation reserve easement.
            ``(2) Form of payment.--Compensation for a conservation 
        reserve easement shall be provided by the Secretary in the form 
        of a cash payment, in an amount determined under paragraph (1).
            ``(3) Payments.--The Secretary may provide payment under 
        this paragraph to a landowner using--
                    ``(A) 10 annual payments; or
                    ``(B) 1 payment.
            ``(4) Timing.--The Secretary shall provide any annual 
        easement payment obligation under paragraph (3)(A) as early as 
        practicable in each fiscal year.
            ``(5) Payments to others.--The Secretary shall make a 
        payment, in accordance with regulations prescribed by the 
        Secretary, in a manner as the Secretary determines is fair and 
        reasonable under the circumstances, if an owner who is entitled 
        to a payment under this section--
                    ``(A) dies;
                    ``(B) becomes incompetent;
                    ``(C) is succeeded by another person or entity who 
                renders or completes the required performance; or
                    ``(D) is otherwise unable to receive the payment.
    ``(g) Technical Assistance.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall assist owners in 
        complying with the terms and conditions of a conservation 
        reserve easement.
            ``(2) Contracts or agreements.--The Secretary may enter 
        into 1 or more contracts with private entities or agreements 
        with a State, nongovernmental organization, or Indian Tribe to 
        carry out necessary maintenance of a conservation reserve 
        easement if the Secretary determines that the contract or 
        agreement will advance the purposes of the conservation reserve 
        program.
    ``(h) Administration.--
            ``(1) Conservation reserve easement plan.--The Secretary 
        shall develop a conservation reserve easement plan for any land 
        subject to a conservation reserve easement, which shall include 
        practices and activities necessary to maintain, protect, and 
        enhance the conservation value of the enrolled land.
            ``(2) Delegation of easement administration.--
                    ``(A) Federal, state, or local government 
                agencies.--The Secretary may delegate any of the 
                management, monitoring, and enforcement 
                responsibilities of the Secretary under this section to 
                other Federal, State, or local government agencies that 
                have the appropriate authority, expertise, and 
                resources necessary to carry out those delegated 
                responsibilities.
                    ``(B) Conservation organizations.--The Secretary 
                may delegate any management responsibilities of the 
                Secretary under this section to conservation 
                organizations if the Secretary determines the 
                conservation organization has similar expertise and 
                resources.''.

SEC. 2108. ELIGIBLE LAND; STATE LAW REQUIREMENTS.

    The Secretary shall revise paragraph (4) of section 1410.6(d) of 
title 7, Code of Federal Regulations, to provide that land shall not be 
ineligible for enrollment in the conservation reserve program 
established under subchapter B of chapter 1 of subtitle D of title XII 
of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3831 et seq.) under that 
paragraph if the Deputy Administrator (as defined in section 1410.2(b) 
of title 7, Code of Federal Regulations (or successor regulations)), in 
consultation with the applicable State technical committee established 
under section 1261(a) of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 
3861(a)) determines, under such terms and conditions as the Deputy 
Administrator, in consultation with the State technical committee, 
determines to be appropriate, that making that land eligible for 
enrollment in that program is in the best interests of that program.

              Subtitle B--Conservation Stewardship Program

SEC. 2201. DEFINITIONS.

    Section 1238D of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3838d) is 
amended--
            (1) in paragraph (2)(B)--
                    (A) in clause (i), by striking ``and'' at the end;
                    (B) in clause (ii), by striking the period at the 
                end and inserting a semicolon; and
                    (C) by adding at the end the following:
                            ``(iii) development of a comprehensive 
                        conservation plan, as defined in section 
                        1238G(f)(1);
                            ``(iv) soil health planning, including 
                        planning to increase soil organic matter; and
                            ``(v) activities that will assist a 
                        producer to adapt to, or mitigate against, 
                        increasing weather volatility.''; and
            (2) in paragraph (7), by striking the period at the end and 
        inserting the following: ``through the use of--
                    ``(A) quality criteria under a resource management 
                system;
                    ``(B) predictive analytics tools or models 
                developed or approved by the Natural Resources 
                Conservation Service;
                    ``(C) data from past and current enrollment in the 
                program; and
                    ``(D) other methods that measure conservation and 
                improvement in priority resource concerns, as 
                determined by the Secretary.''.

SEC. 2202. ESTABLISHMENT.

    (a) Extension.--Section 1238E(a) of the Food Security Act of 1985 
(16 U.S.C. 3838e(a)) is amended in the matter preceding paragraph (1) 
by striking ``2018'' and inserting ``2023''.
    (b) Exclusions.--Section 1238E(b)(2) of the Food Security Act of 
1985 (16 U.S.C. 3838e(b)(2)) is amended in the matter preceding 
paragraph (1) by striking ``the Agricultural Act of 2014'' and 
inserting ``the Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018''.

SEC. 2203. STEWARDSHIP CONTRACTS.

    Section 1238F of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3838f) is 
amended--
            (1) in subsection (b), by striking paragraph (1) and 
        inserting the following:
            ``(1) Ranking of applications.--
                    ``(A) In general.--In evaluating contract offers 
                submitted under subsection (a), the Secretary shall 
                rank applications based on--
                            ``(i) the natural resource conservation and 
                        environmental benefits that result from the 
                        conservation treatment on all applicable 
                        priority resource concerns at the time of 
                        submission of the application;
                            ``(ii) the degree to which the proposed 
                        conservation activities increase natural 
                        resource conservation and environmental 
                        benefits; and
                            ``(iii) other consistent criteria, as 
                        determined by the Secretary.
                    ``(B) Additional criterion.--If 2 or more 
                applications receive the same ranking under 
                subparagraph (A), the Secretary shall rank those 
                contracts based on the extent to which the actual and 
                anticipated conservation benefits from each contract 
                are provided at the lowest cost relative to other 
                similarly beneficial contract offers.''; and
            (2) in subsection (e)--
                    (A) in paragraph (2)--
                            (i) by inserting ``new or improved'' after 
                        ``integrate''; and
                            (ii) by inserting ``demonstrating continued 
                        improvement during the additional 5-year 
                        period,'' after ``operation,''; and
                    (B) in paragraph (3)(B), by striking ``to exceed 
                the stewardship threshold of'' and inserting ``to adopt 
                or improve conservation activities, as determined by 
                the Secretary, to achieve higher levels of performance 
                with respect to not less than''.

SEC. 2204. DUTIES OF SECRETARY.

    Section 1238G of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3838g) is 
amended--
            (1) in subsection (c)--
                    (A) in the matter preceding paragraph (1)--
                            (i) by striking ``Agricultural Act of 2014, 
                        and ending on September 30, 2022'' and 
                        inserting ``Agriculture Improvement Act of 
                        2018, and ending on September 30, 2028''; and
                            (ii) by striking ``, to the maximum extent 
                        practicable'';
                    (B) in paragraph (1)--
                            (i) by inserting ``to the maximum extent 
                        practicable,'' before ``enroll''; and
                            (ii) by striking ``10,000,000'' and 
                        inserting ``8,797,000''; and
                    (C) in paragraph (2)--
                            (i) by inserting ``notwithstanding any 
                        other provision of this subchapter,'' before 
                        ``manage''; and
                            (ii) by striking ``all financial'' and all 
                        that follows through the period at the end and 
                        inserting the following: ``all--
                    ``(A) financial assistance, including payments made 
                under subsections (d)(5), (e), and (f);
                    ``(B) technical assistance; and
                    ``(C) any other expenses associated with enrollment 
                or participation in the program.'';
            (2) in subsection (d), by adding at the end the following:
            ``(5) Payment for cover crop activities.--Subject to the 
        restriction under subsection (c)(2), the amount of a payment 
        under this subsection for cover crop activities shall be not 
        less than 125 percent of the annual payment amount determined 
        by the Secretary under paragraph (2).'';
            (3) in subsection (e)--
                    (A) in the subsection heading, by inserting ``and 
                Advanced Grazing Management'' after ``Rotations'';
                    (B) by striking paragraph (2);
                    (C) by redesignating paragraphs (1) and (4) as 
                paragraphs (2) and (1), respectively, and moving the 
                paragraphs so as to appear in numerical order;
                    (D) in paragraph (1) (as so redesignated)--
                            (i) by redesignating subparagraphs (A) 
                        through (D) and (E) as clauses (i) through (iv) 
                        and (vi), respectively, and indenting 
                        appropriately;
                            (ii) by striking the paragraph designation 
                        and all that follows through ``the term'' in 
                        the matter preceding clause (i) (as so 
                        redesignated) and inserting the following:
            ``(1) Definitions.--In this subsection:
                    ``(A) Advanced grazing management.--The term 
                `advanced grazing management' means the use of a 
                combination of grazing practices (as determined by the 
                Secretary), which may include management-intensive 
                rotational grazing, that provide for--
                            ``(i) improved soil health and carbon 
                        sequestration;
                            ``(ii) drought resilience;
                            ``(iii) wildlife habitat;
                            ``(iv) wildfire mitigation;
                            ``(v) control of invasive plants; and
                            ``(vi) water quality improvement.
                    ``(B) Management-intensive rotational grazing.--The 
                term `management-intensive rotational grazing' means a 
                strategic, adaptively managed multipasture grazing 
                system in which animals are regularly and 
                systematically moved to fresh pasture in a manner 
                that--
                            ``(i) maximizes the quantity and quality of 
                        forage growth;
                            ``(ii) improves manure distribution and 
                        nutrient cycling;
                            ``(iii) increases carbon sequestration from 
                        greater forage harvest;
                            ``(iv) improves the quality and quantity of 
                        cover for wildlife;
                            ``(v) provides permanent cover to protect 
                        the soil from erosion; and
                            ``(vi) improves water quality.
                    ``(C) Resource-conserving crop rotation.--The 
                term''; and
                            (iii) in subparagraph (C) (as so 
                        designated)--
                                    (I) in clause (iv) (as so 
                                redesignated), by striking ``and'' at 
                                the end; and
                                    (II) by inserting after clause (iv) 
                                (as so redesignated) the following:
                            ``(v) builds soil organic matter; and'';
                    (E) in paragraph (2) (as so redesignated), by 
                striking ``improve resource-conserving'' and all that 
                follows through the period at the end and inserting the 
                following: ``improve, manage, and maintain--
                    ``(A) resource-conserving crop rotations; or
                    ``(B) advanced grazing management.'';
                    (F) in paragraph (3)--
                            (i) by striking ``paragraph (1)'' and 
                        inserting ``paragraph (2)''; and
                            (ii) by striking ``and maintain'' and all 
                        that follows through the period at the end and 
                        inserting ``or improve, manage, and maintain 
                        resource-conserving crop rotations or advanced 
                        grazing management for the term of the 
                        contract.''; and
                    (G) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(4) Amount of payment.--Subject to the restriction under 
        subsection (c)(2), an additional payment provided under 
        paragraph (2) shall be not less than 150 percent of the annual 
        payment amount determined by the Secretary under subsection 
        (d)(2).'';
            (4) by redesignating subsections (f) through (i) as 
        subsections (g) through (j), respectively;
            (5) by inserting after subsection (e) the following:
    ``(f) Payment for Comprehensive Conservation Plan.--
            ``(1) Definition of comprehensive conservation plan.--In 
        this subsection, the term `comprehensive conservation plan' 
        means a conservation plan that meets or exceeds the stewardship 
        threshold for each priority resource concern identified by the 
        Secretary under subsection (a)(2).
            ``(2) Payment for comprehensive conservation plan.--Subject 
        to the restriction under subsection (c)(2), the Secretary shall 
        provide a 1-time payment to a producer that develops and 
        implements a comprehensive conservation plan.
            ``(3) Amount of payment.--The Secretary shall determine the 
        amount of payment under paragraph (2) based on--
                    ``(A) the number of priority resource concerns 
                addressed in the comprehensive conservation plan; and
                    ``(B) the number of types of land uses included in 
                the comprehensive conservation plan.'';
            (6) in subsection (g) (as so redesignated)--
                    (A) by striking ``2014 through 2018'' and inserting 
                ``2019 through 2023''; and
                    (B) by inserting ``or acequias'' after ``Indian 
                tribes''; and
            (7) in subsection (i) (as so redesignated)--
                    (A) by striking the subsection designation and 
                heading and all that follows through ``The Secretary'' 
                and inserting the following:
    ``(i) Organic Certification.--
            ``(1) Coordination.--The Secretary''; and
                    (B) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(2) Allocation.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Using funds made available for 
                the program for each of fiscal years 2019 through 2023, 
                the Secretary shall allocate funding to States to 
                support organic production and transition to organic 
                production through paragraph (1).
                    ``(B) Determination.--The Secretary shall determine 
                the allocation to a State under subparagraph (A) based 
                on--
                            ``(i) the certified and transitioning 
                        organic operations of the State; and
                            ``(ii) the organic acreage of the State.'';
            (8) in subsection (j) (as so redesignated), by striking 
        ``subsection (f)'' and inserting ``subsection (g)''; and
            (9) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(k) Streamlining and Coordination.--To the maximum extent 
feasible, the Secretary shall provide for streamlined and coordinated 
procedures for the program and the environmental quality incentives 
program under chapter 4, including applications, contracting, 
conservation planning, conservation practices, and related 
administrative procedures.
    ``(l) Soil Health.--To the maximum extent feasible, the Secretary 
shall manage the program to enhance soil health.
    ``(m) Annual Report.--Each fiscal year, the Secretary shall submit 
to the Committee on Agriculture of the House of Representatives and the 
Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate a 
report describing--
            ``(1) the national average rate of funding per acre for the 
        program for that fiscal year, including a description of 
        whether the program is managed in accordance with the 
        restriction under subsection (c)(2); and
            ``(2) the payment rates for conservation activities offered 
        to producers under the program and an analysis of whether 
        payment rates can be reduced for the most expensive 
        conservation activities.''.

          Subtitle C--Environmental Quality Incentives Program

SEC. 2301. PURPOSES.

    Section 1240 of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3839aa) is 
amended--
            (1) in paragraph (3)--
                    (A) in subparagraph (B), by striking ``and'' at the 
                end; and
                    (B) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(D) adapting to, and mitigating against, 
                increasing weather volatility; and''; and
            (2) in paragraph (4)--
                    (A) by striking ``to make beneficial, cost 
                effective changes to production systems (including 
                conservation practices related to organic production)'' 
                and inserting ``to address identified, new, or expected 
                resource concerns associated with changes to production 
                systems, including conservation practices related to 
                organic production''; and
                    (B) by striking ``livestock, pest or irrigation 
                management'' and inserting ``crops and livestock, pest 
                management, irrigation management, drought resiliency 
                measures''.

SEC. 2302. DEFINITIONS.

    Section 1240A of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3839aa-1) 
is amended--
            (1) by redesignating paragraphs (1) through (4) and (5) as 
        paragraphs (2) through (5) and (7), respectively;
            (2) by inserting before paragraph (2) (as so redesignated) 
        the following:
            ``(1) Conservation planning survey.--The term `conservation 
        planning survey' means a plan that--
                    ``(A) is developed by--
                            ``(i) a State or unit of local government 
                        (including a conservation district);
                            ``(ii) a Federal agency; or
                            ``(iii) a third-party provider certified 
                        under section 1242(e) (including a certified 
                        rangeland professional);
                    ``(B) assesses rangeland or cropland function and 
                describes conservation activities to enhance the 
                economic and ecological management of that land;
                    ``(C) can be incorporated into a comprehensive 
                planning document required by the Secretary for 
                enrollment in a conservation program of the Department 
                of Agriculture; and
                    ``(D) provides recommendations for enrollment in 
                the program or other conservation programs of the 
                Department of Agriculture.'';
            (3) in paragraph (2) (as so redesignated), in subparagraph 
        (B)--
                    (A) by redesignating clause (vi) as clause (vii);
                    (B) by inserting after clause (v) the following:
                            ``(vi) Land that facilitates the avoidance 
                        of crossing an environmentally sensitive area, 
                        as determined by the Secretary.''; and
                    (C) in clause (vii) (as so redesignated), by 
                inserting ``identified or expected'' before ``resource 
                concerns'';
            (4) in paragraph (5) (as so redesignated)--
                    (A) in subparagraph (A)--
                            (i) in clause (iv), by striking ``and'' at 
                        the end;
                            (ii) by redesignating clause (v) as clause 
                        (vii); and
                            (iii) by inserting after clause (iv) the 
                        following:
                            ``(v) soil tests for--
                                    ``(I) heavy metals, volatile 
                                organic compounds, polycyclic aromatic 
                                hydrocarbons, and other contaminants; 
                                and
                                    ``(II) biological and physical soil 
                                health;
                            ``(vi) scientifically based soil 
                        remediation practices to be carried out by the 
                        producer, as determined by the Secretary; 
                        and''; and
                    (B) in subparagraph (B)--
                            (i) in clause (i), by striking ``and'' at 
                        the end;
                            (ii) by redesignating clause (ii) as clause 
                        (v); and
                            (iii) by inserting after clause (i) the 
                        following:
                            ``(ii) resource-conserving crop rotation 
                        planning;
                            ``(iii) soil health planning, including 
                        planning to increase soil organic matter;
                            ``(iv) a conservation planning survey; 
                        and''; and
            (5) by inserting after paragraph (5) (as so redesignated) 
        the following:
            ``(6) Producer.--The term `producer' includes an 
        acequia.''.

SEC. 2303. ESTABLISHMENT AND ADMINISTRATION.

    Section 1240B of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3839aa-2) 
is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a), by striking ``2019'' and inserting 
        ``2023'';
            (2) in subsection (b)(2)--
                    (A) by striking ``A contract'' and inserting the 
                following:
                    ``(A) In general.--A contract''; and
                    (B) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(B) Wildlife practices.--
                            ``(i) In general.--In the case of a 
                        contract under the program entered into solely 
                        for the establishment of 1 or more annual 
                        management practices for the benefit of 
                        wildlife, notwithstanding any maximum contract 
                        term established by the Secretary, the contract 
                        shall have a term that does not exceed 10 
                        years.
                            ``(ii) Inclusions.--A contract under the 
                        program may include a practice that provides 
                        incentives to producers to--
                                    ``(I) carry out postharvest 
                                flooding to provide seasonal wetland 
                                habitat for waterfowl and migratory 
                                birds during the fall and winter 
                                months; and
                                    ``(II) maintain the hydrology of 
                                temporary and seasonal wetlands of not 
                                more than 2 acres in order to maintain 
                                waterfowl and migratory bird habitat on 
                                working cropland.'';
            (3) in subsection (d)--
                    (A) in paragraph (4)(B)--
                            (i) in clause (i)--
                                    (I) by striking ``Not more than'' 
                                and inserting ``The Secretary shall 
                                provide at least'';
                                    (II) by striking ``may be 
                                provided''; and
                                    (III) by striking ``the purpose 
                                of'' and inserting ``all costs related 
                                to'';
                            (ii) in clause (ii), by striking ``90-day'' 
                        and inserting ``180-day''; and
                            (iii) by adding at the end the following:
                            ``(iii) Option to opt out.--A producer 
                        described in subparagraph (A) shall be given 
                        the opportunity to opt out of the advance 
                        payments under clause (i).''; and
                    (B) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(7) Review and guidance for cost share rates.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Not later than 365 days after 
                the date of enactment of this paragraph, the Secretary 
                shall--
                            ``(i) review the cost share rates of 
                        payments made to producers for practices on 
                        eligible land under this section; and
                            ``(ii) evaluate whether those rates are the 
                        least costly rates of payment that--
                                    ``(I) encourage participation in 
                                the program; and
                                    ``(II) encourage implementation of 
                                the most effective practices to address 
                                local natural resource concerns on 
                                eligible land.
                    ``(B) Guidance.--
                            ``(i) In general.--The Secretary shall 
                        issue guidance to States to consider the use of 
                        the least costly rate of payment to producers 
                        for practices.
                            ``(ii) Considerations.--In determining the 
                        least costly rate of payment to producers under 
                        clause (i), the Secretary shall consider the 
                        rate of payment that--
                                    ``(I) encourages participation in 
                                the program; and
                                    ``(II) most effectively addresses 
                                local natural resource concerns on 
                                eligible land.
            ``(8) Review of conservation practice standards.--
                    ``(A) Review.--Not later than 365 days after the 
                date of enactment of this paragraph, the Secretary 
                shall review conservation practice standards under the 
                program to evaluate opportunities to increase 
                flexibility within conservation practice standards 
                while ensuring equivalent natural resource benefits.
                    ``(B) Guidance.--If the Secretary identifies under 
                subparagraph (A) a conservation practice standard that 
                can be modified to provide more flexibility without 
                compromising natural resource benefits, the Secretary 
                shall issue guidance for revising the applicable 
                conservation practice standard.
            ``(9) Increased payments for high-priority practices.--
                    ``(A) State determination.--Each State, in 
                consultation with the State technical committee 
                established under section 1261(a) for the State, may 
                designate 10 practices to be eligible for increased 
                payments under subparagraph (B), on the condition that 
                the practice, as determined by the Secretary--
                            ``(i) has received a high Natural Resources 
                        Conservation Service evaluation score for 
                        addressing specific causes of impairment 
                        relating to excessive nutrients in groundwater 
                        or surface water or for addressing the 
                        conservation of water to advance drought 
                        mitigation;
                            ``(ii) meets other environmental 
                        priorities; and
                            ``(iii) is geographically targeted to 
                        address a natural resource concern in a 
                        specific watershed.
                    ``(B) Increased payments.--Notwithstanding 
                paragraph (2), the Secretary may increase the amount 
                that would otherwise be provided for a practice under 
                this subsection to not more than 90 percent of the 
                costs associated with planning, design, materials, 
                equipment, installation, labor, management, 
                maintenance, or training.'';
            (4) in subsection (f)--
                    (A) in paragraph (1)--
                            (i) by striking ``2014 through 2018'' and 
                        inserting ``2019 through 2023'';
                            (ii) by striking ``60'' and inserting 
                        ``50''; and
                            (iii) by striking ``production.'' and 
                        inserting ``production, including grazing 
                        management practices.'';
                    (B) in paragraph (2)--
                            (i) by striking ``For each'' and inserting 
                        the following:
                    ``(A) Fiscal years 2014 through 2018.--For each''; 
                and
                            (ii) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(B) Fiscal years 2019 through 2023.--For each of 
                fiscal years 2019 through 2023, at least 10 percent of 
                the funds made available for payments under the program 
                shall be targeted at practices benefitting wildlife 
                habitat under subsection (g).''; and
                    (C) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(3) Review of process for determining annual funding 
        allocations to states.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Not later than 365 days after 
                the date of enactment of the Agriculture Improvement 
                Act of 2018, the Secretary shall review the process for 
                determining annual funding allocations to States under 
                the program.
                    ``(B) Considerations.--In conducting the review 
                under subparagraph (A), the Secretary shall consider--
                            ``(i) the roles of, in determining annual 
                        funding allocations to States--
                                    ``(I) relevant data on local 
                                natural resource concerns, including 
                                the outcomes of the Conservation 
                                Effects Assessment Project carried out 
                                by the Natural Resources Conservation 
                                Service; and
                                    ``(II) the recommendations of State 
                                technical committees established under 
                                section 1261(a) and other local 
                                stakeholder input;
                            ``(ii) how to utilize the data and local 
                        input described in subclauses (I) and (II) of 
                        clause (i) such that, to the maximum extent 
                        practicable, consideration of local natural 
                        resource concerns is a leading factor when 
                        determining annual funding allocations to 
                        States; and
                            ``(iii) the process used at the national 
                        level to evaluate State budget proposals and 
                        allocate funds to achieve priority natural 
                        resource objectives, including the factors 
                        considered in ranking State proposals.'';
            (5) in subsection (h)--
                    (A) by striking paragraph (1) and inserting the 
                following:
            ``(1) Availability of payments.--The Secretary may provide 
        water conservation and system efficiency payments under this 
        subsection to an entity described in paragraph (2) or a 
        producer for--
                    ``(A) water conservation scheduling, water 
                distribution efficiency, soil moisture monitoring, or 
                an appropriate combination thereof;
                    ``(B) irrigation-related structural or other 
                measures that conserve surface water or groundwater, 
                including managed aquifer recovery practices; or
                    ``(C) a transition to water-conserving crops, 
                water-conserving crop rotations, or deficit 
                irrigation.'';
                    (B) by redesigning paragraph (2) as paragraph (3);
                    (C) by inserting after paragraph (1) the following:
            ``(2) Eligibility of certain entities.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Notwithstanding section 
                1001(f)(6), the Secretary may enter into a contract 
                under this subsection with a State, irrigation 
                district, groundwater management district, acequia, or 
                similar entity under a streamlined contracting process 
                to implement water conservation or irrigation practices 
                under a watershed-wide project that will effectively 
                conserve water, provide fish and wildlife habitat, or 
                provide for drought-related environmental mitigation, 
                as determined by the Secretary.
                    ``(B) Implementation.--Water conservation or 
                irrigation practices that are the subject of a contract 
                entered into under subparagraph (A) shall be 
                implemented on--
                            ``(i) eligible land of a producer; or
                            ``(ii) land that is under the control of an 
                        irrigation district, a groundwater management 
                        district, an acequia, or a similar entity.
                    ``(C) Waiver authority.--The Secretary may waive 
                the applicability of the limitations in section 
                1001D(b) or section 1240G for a payment made under a 
                contract entered into under this paragraph if the 
                Secretary determines that the waiver is necessary to 
                fulfill the objectives of the project.'';
                    (D) in paragraph (3) (as so redesignated)--
                            (i) in the matter preceding subparagraph 
                        (A), by striking ``to a producer'' and 
                        inserting ``under this subsection'';
                            (ii) in subparagraph (A), by striking ``the 
                        eligible land of the producer is located, there 
                        is a reduction in water use in the operation of 
                        the producer'' and inserting ``the land on 
                        which the practices will be implemented is 
                        located, there is a reduction in water use in 
                        the operation on that land''; and
                            (iii) in subparagraph (B), by inserting 
                        ``except in the case of an application under 
                        paragraph (2),'' before ``the producer 
                        agrees''; and
                    (E) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(4) Effect.--Nothing in this section authorizes the 
        Secretary to modify the process for determining the annual 
        allocation of funding to States under the program.'';
            (6) in subsection (i)(3), by striking ``$20,000 per year or 
        $80,000 during any 6-year period'' and inserting ``$160,000 
        during the period of fiscal years 2019 through 2023''; and
            (7) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(j) Micro-EQIP Pilot Program.--
            ``(1) In general.--On request of not more than 10 States, 
        the Secretary may establish under the environmental quality 
        incentives program a pilot program in that State under which 
        the Secretary may--
                    ``(A) provide financial and technical assistance to 
                small-scale agricultural producers, including beginning 
                farmers and ranchers and limited resource producers, 
                that enter into contracts with the Secretary under the 
                pilot program to address natural resource concerns 
                relating to production on small-scale agricultural 
                operations; and
                    ``(B) conduct outreach to small-scale agricultural 
                producers to increase participation in the pilot 
                program.
            ``(2) Payments.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall determine 
                whether a small-scale agricultural producer is eligible 
                to receive payments under this subsection--
                            ``(i) on a State-by-State basis;
                            ``(ii) in consultation with the technical 
                        committee established under section 1261(a) of 
                        the State in which the small-scale agricultural 
                        producer is located; and
                            ``(iii) based on factors that may include--
                                    ``(I) the operations of a small-
                                scale agricultural producer, including 
                                with respect to adjusted gross income 
                                and gross sales;
                                    ``(II) demographic data relating to 
                                small-scale agricultural producers 
                                compiled by the National Agricultural 
                                Statistics Service; and
                                    ``(III) other relevant information, 
                                as determined by the Secretary.
                    ``(B) Amount.--The Secretary shall provide payments 
                under this subsection to a producer that is eligible 
                for the payments under subparagraph (A) in an amount 
                that the Secretary determines is necessary to achieve 
                the purpose described in paragraph (1)(A).
            ``(3) Applications.--
                    ``(A) In general.--To be eligible to receive 
                financial and technical assistance under this 
                subsection, a producer that is eligible for the 
                assistance under paragraph (2)(A) shall submit to the 
                Secretary an application at such time, in such manner, 
                and containing such information as the Secretary may 
                require.
                    ``(B) Administration.--To the maximum extent 
                practicable, the Secretary shall limit the 
                administrative burdens, and the regulatory barriers 
                that contribute to administrative burdens, on producers 
                applying for payments under this subsection, including 
                by streamlining the application and approval processes 
                for payments.
            ``(4) Pilot program coordinator.--The Secretary may 
        designate a pilot program coordinator in each State who--
                    ``(A) at the time of designation is an employee of 
                the Natural Resources Conservation Service in that 
                State; and
                    ``(B) shall be responsible for--
                            ``(i) public outreach relating to the pilot 
                        program under this subsection;
                            ``(ii) assisting producers in the 
                        submission of applications under the pilot 
                        program; and
                            ``(iii) distributing financial and 
                        technical assistance under this subsection in 
                        that State.
            ``(5) Report.--Not later than May 1, 2022, the Secretary 
        shall submit to the Committee on Agriculture of the House of 
        Representatives and the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, 
        and Forestry of the Senate a report describing the results of 
        the pilot program under this subsection, including--
                    ``(A) steps taken under paragraph (3)(B) to limit 
                administrative burdens and regulatory barriers; and
                    ``(B) to the maximum extent practicable, 
                demographic information about each small-scale 
                agricultural producer participating in the pilot 
                program.''.

SEC. 2304. EVALUATION OF APPLICATIONS.

    Section 1240C(a) of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 
3839aa-3(a)) is amended--
            (1) by striking ``that will ensure'' and inserting the 
        following: ``that shall--
            ``(1) ensure'';
            (2) in paragraph (1) (as so designated), by striking the 
        period at the end and inserting ``; and''; and
            (3) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(2) give priority to the consideration of the most 
        effective practices to address natural resource concerns on 
        eligible land.''.

SEC. 2305. DUTIES OF THE SECRETARY.

    Section 1240F of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3839aa-6) 
is amended--
            (1) by striking ``To the extent appropriate,'' and 
        inserting the following:
    ``(a) Assistance to Producers.--To the extent appropriate,''; and
            (2) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(b) Streamlining and Coordination.--To the maximum extent 
feasible, the Secretary shall--
            ``(1) provide for streamlined and coordinated procedures 
        for the program and the conservation stewardship program under 
        subchapter B of chapter 2, including applications, contracting, 
        conservation planning, conservation practices, and related 
        administrative procedures; and
            ``(2) coordinate management of the program and the 
        conservation stewardship program under subchapter B of chapter 
        2 to facilitate the ability of a participant in the program to 
        enroll in the conservation stewardship program after meeting 
        the stewardship threshold (as defined in section 1238D) for not 
        less than 2 priority resource concerns under that program.
    ``(c) Soil Health.--To the maximum extent feasible, the Secretary 
shall manage the program to enhance soil health.''.

SEC. 2306. ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY INCENTIVES PROGRAM PLAN.

    Section 1240E(a)(3) of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 
3839aa-5(a)(3)) is amended by inserting ``progressive'' before 
``implementation''.

SEC. 2307. LIMITATION ON PAYMENTS.

    Section 1240G of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3839aa-7) 
is amended by striking ``2014 through 2018'' and inserting ``2019 
through 2023''.

SEC. 2308. CONSERVATION INNOVATION GRANTS AND PAYMENTS.

    Section 1240H of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3839aa-8) 
is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a)(2)--
                    (A) by redesignating subparagraphs (E) and (F) as 
                subparagraphs (F) and (G), respectively;
                    (B) by inserting after subparagraph (D) the 
                following:
                    ``(E) partner with farmers to develop innovative 
                conservation practices for urban, indoor, or other 
                emerging agricultural practices to increase--
                            ``(i) green space;
                            ``(ii) pollinator habitat;
                            ``(iii) stormwater management;
                            ``(iv) carbon sequestration; and
                            ``(v) access to agricultural production 
                        sites through land tenure agreements and other 
                        contracts;'';
                    (C) in subparagraph (F) (as so redesignated), by 
                striking ``and'' at the end;
                    (D) in subparagraph (G) (as so redesignated), by 
                striking the period at the end and inserting ``; and''; 
                and
                    (E) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(H) utilize edge-of-field and other monitoring 
                practices on farms--
                            ``(i) to quantify the impacts of 
                        conservation practices utilized under the 
                        program; and
                            ``(ii) to assist producers in making the 
                        best conservation investments for their 
                        operation.''; and
            (2) in subsection (b)(2), by striking ``2018'' and 
        inserting ``2023''.

SEC. 2309. SOIL HEALTH DEMONSTRATION PILOT PROJECT.

    Chapter 4 of subtitle D of title XII of the Food Security Act of 
1985 (16 U.S.C. 3839aa et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the 
following:

``SEC. 1240I. SOIL HEALTH DEMONSTRATION PILOT PROJECT.

    ``(a) In General.--The Secretary shall carry out a pilot project 
that provides financial incentives, as determined by the Secretary, to 
producers to adopt practices designed to improve soil health, including 
by increasing carbon levels in soil (or `soil carbon levels').
    ``(b) Requirements.--In establishing the pilot project under 
subsection (a), the Secretary shall--
            ``(1) identify geographic regions of the United States, 
        including not less than 1 drought prone region, based on 
        factors such as soil type, cropping history, and water 
        availability, in which to establish the pilot project;
            ``(2) establish payments to provide an incentive for the 
        use of practices approved under the pilot project that--
                    ``(A) improve soil health;
                    ``(B) increase carbon levels in the soil; or
                    ``(C) meet the goals described in subparagraphs (A) 
                and (B); and
            ``(3) establish protocols for measuring carbon levels in 
        soil to measure gains in soil health as a result of the 
        practices used in the pilot project.
    ``(c) Study; Report to Congress.--
            ``(1) Study.--Not later than September 30, 2022, the 
        Secretary shall conduct a study regarding changes in soil 
        health, and, if feasible, economic outcomes, as a result of the 
        practices used in the pilot project established under 
        subsection (a).
            ``(2) Report to congress.--Not later than September 30, 
        2023, the Secretary shall submit to Congress a report 
        describing and analyzing the results of the study conducted 
        under paragraph (1).
    ``(d) Funding.--Of the funds made available to carry out this 
chapter, the Secretary may use to carry out the pilot project under 
subsection (a) $15,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2019 through 
2023.''.

                Subtitle D--Other Conservation Programs

SEC. 2401. WETLAND CONSERVATION.

    Section 1222(c) of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 
3822(c)) is amended by inserting before the period at the end the 
following: ``in the presence of the affected person, as long as the 
affected person makes themselves available for the on-site visit''.

SEC. 2402. CONSERVATION SECURITY PROGRAM.

    Subchapter A of chapter 2 of subtitle D of title XII of the Food 
Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3838 et seq.) is repealed.

SEC. 2403. CONSERVATION OF PRIVATE GRAZING LAND.

    Section 1240M of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3839bb) 
is amended--
            (1) in subsection (c)(2), by adding at the end the 
        following:
                    ``(C) Partnerships.--In carrying out the program 
                under this section, the Secretary shall provide 
                education and outreach activities through partnerships 
                with--
                            ``(i) land-grant colleges and universities 
                        (as defined in section 1404 of the National 
                        Agricultural Research, Extension, and Teaching 
                        Policy Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 3103)); and
                            ``(ii) nongovernmental organizations.''; 
                        and
            (2) in subsection (e), by striking ``2018'' and inserting 
        ``2023''.

SEC. 2404. SOIL HEALTH AND INCOME PROTECTION PROGRAM.

    Chapter 5 of subtitle D of title XII of the Food Security Act of 
1985 is amended by inserting after section 1240M (16 U.S.C. 3839bb) the 
following:

``SEC. 1240N. SOIL HEALTH AND INCOME PROTECTION PROGRAM.

    ``(a) Definition of Eligible Land.--In this section:
            ``(1) In general.--The term `eligible land' means land 
        that--
                    ``(A) is selected by the owner or operator of the 
                land for proposed enrollment in the program under this 
                section; and
                    ``(B) as determined by the Secretary--
                            ``(i) had a cropping history or was 
                        considered to be planted during the 3 crop 
                        years preceding the crop year described in 
                        subsection (b)(2); and
                            ``(ii) is verified to be less-productive 
                        land, as compared to other land on the 
                        applicable farm.
            ``(2) Exclusion.--The term `eligible land' does not include 
        any land covered by a conservation reserve program contract 
        under subchapter B of chapter 1 that expires during the crop 
        year described in subsection (b)(2).
    ``(b) Establishment.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall establish a 
        voluntary soil health and income protection program under which 
        eligible land is enrolled through the use of agreements to 
        assist owners and operators of eligible land to conserve and 
        improve the soil, water, and wildlife resources of the eligible 
        land.
            ``(2) Deadline for participation.--Eligible land may be 
        enrolled in the program under this section only during the 
        first crop year beginning after the date of enactment of the 
        Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018.
    ``(c) Agreements.--
            ``(1) Requirements.--An agreement described in subsection 
        (b) shall--
                    ``(A) be entered into by the Secretary, the owner 
                of the eligible land, and (if applicable) the operator 
                of the eligible land; and
                    ``(B) provide that, during the term of the 
                agreement--
                            ``(i) the lowest practicable cost perennial 
                        conserving use cover crop for the eligible 
                        land, as determined by the applicable State 
                        conservationist after considering the advice of 
                        the applicable State technical committee, shall 
                        be planted on the eligible land;
                            ``(ii) except as provided in paragraph (5), 
                        the owner or operator of the eligible land 
                        shall pay the cost of planting the conserving 
                        use cover crop under clause (i);
                            ``(iii) subject to paragraph (6), the 
                        eligible land may be harvested for seed, hayed, 
                        or grazed outside the nesting and brood-rearing 
                        period established for the applicable county;
                            ``(iv) the eligible land may be eligible 
                        for a walk-in access program of the applicable 
                        State, if any; and
                            ``(v) a nonprofit wildlife organization may 
                        provide to the owner or operator of the 
                        eligible land a payment in exchange for an 
                        agreement by the owner or operator not to 
                        harvest the conserving use cover.
            ``(2) Payments.--Except as provided in paragraphs (5) and 
        (6)(B)(ii), the annual rental rate for a payment under an 
        agreement described in subsection (b) shall be equal to 50 
        percent of the average rental rate for the applicable county 
        under section 1234(d), as determined by the Secretary.
            ``(3) Limitation on enrolled land.--Not more than 15 
        percent of the eligible land on a farm may be enrolled in the 
        program under this section.
            ``(4) Term.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Except as provided in 
                subparagraph (B), each agreement described in 
                subsection (b) shall be for a term of 3, 4, or 5 years, 
                as determined by the parties to the agreement.
                    ``(B) Early termination.--
                            ``(i) Secretary.--The Secretary may 
                        terminate an agreement described in subsection 
                        (b) before the end of the term described in 
                        subparagraph (A) if the Secretary determines 
                        that the early termination of the agreement is 
                        necessary.
                            ``(ii) Owners and operators.--An owner and 
                        (if applicable) an operator of eligible land 
                        enrolled in the program under this section may 
                        terminate an agreement described in subsection 
                        (b) before the end of the term described in 
                        subparagraph (A) if the owner and (if 
                        applicable) the operator pay to the Secretary 
                        an amount equal to the amount of rental 
                        payments received under the agreement.
            ``(5) Beginning, small, socially disadvantaged, young, or 
        veteran farmers and ranchers.--With respect to a beginning, 
        small, socially disadvantaged, young, or veteran farmer or 
        rancher, as determined by the Secretary--
                    ``(A) an agreement described in subsection (b) 
                shall provide that, during the term of the agreement, 
                the beginning, underserved, or young farmer or rancher 
                shall pay 50 percent of the cost of planting the 
                conserving use cover crop under paragraph (1)(B)(i); 
                and
                    ``(B) the annual rental rate for a payment under an 
                agreement described in subsection (b) shall be equal to 
                75 percent of the average rental rate for the 
                applicable county under section 1234(d), as determined 
                by the Secretary.
            ``(6) Harvesting, haying, and grazing outside applicable 
        period.--The harvesting for seed, haying, or grazing of 
        eligible land under paragraph (1)(B)(iii) outside of the 
        nesting and brood-rearing period established for the applicable 
        county shall be subject to the conditions that--
                    ``(A) with respect to eligible land that is so 
                hayed or grazed, adequate stubble height shall be 
                maintained to protect the soil on the eligible land, as 
                determined by the applicable State conservationist 
                after considering the advice of the applicable State 
                technical committee; and
                    ``(B) with respect to eligible land that is so 
                harvested for seed--
                            ``(i) the eligible land shall not be 
                        eligible to be insured or reinsured under the 
                        Federal Crop Insurance Act (7 U.S.C. 1501 et 
                        seq.); and
                            ``(ii) the rental payment otherwise 
                        applicable to the eligible land under this 
                        subsection shall be reduced by 25 percent.
    ``(d) Funding.--There are authorized to be appropriated such sums 
as are necessary to carry out this section.''.

SEC. 2405. GRASSROOTS SOURCE WATER PROTECTION PROGRAM.

    Section 1240O of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3839bb-2) 
is amended by striking subsection (b) and inserting the following:
    ``(b) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be 
appropriated to carry out this section $25,000,000 for each of fiscal 
years 2019 through 2023.''.

SEC. 2406. SOIL TESTING AND REMEDIATION ASSISTANCE.

    Chapter 5 of subtitle D of title XII of the Food Security Act of 
1985 is amended by inserting after section 1240O (16 U.S.C. 3839bb-2) 
the following:

``SEC. 1240P. SOIL TESTING AND REMEDIATION ASSISTANCE.

    ``(a) Definition of Producer.--In this section, the term `producer' 
includes a small-scale producer of food.
    ``(b) Soil Health and Quality.--To improve the health and quality 
of the soil used for agricultural production, the Secretary shall work 
with producers to mitigate the presence of contaminants in soil, 
including by carrying out subsections (c), (d), and (e).
    ``(c) Soil Testing Protocol.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary, in consultation with the 
        Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency, shall 
        establish a coordinated soil testing protocol to simplify the 
        process used by producers to evaluate soil health, including 
        testing for--
                    ``(A) the optimal level of constituents in and 
                characteristics of the soil, such as organic matter, 
                nutrients, and the potential presence of soil 
                contamination from heavy metals, volatile organic 
                compounds, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, or other 
                contaminants; and
                    ``(B) biological and physical characteristics 
                indicative of proper soil functioning.
            ``(2) Public availability.--The Secretary shall make the 
        soil testing protocol established under paragraph (1) available 
        to the public.
    ``(d) Soil Assessment and Remediation Technical Assistance.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall provide technical 
        assistance to a producer carrying out a soil assessment or soil 
        remediation practice that shall include--
                    ``(A) an overall review of the health of the soil 
                used by the producer for agricultural production;
                    ``(B) testing of the soil, if applicable, to 
                determine the suitability of the soil for agricultural 
                production;
                    ``(C) based on the results of the soil tested under 
                subparagraph (B), a consultation with the producer and 
                a determination of the quality, health, and level of 
                contamination of the soil adequate--
                            ``(i) to protect against a health risk to 
                        producers;
                            ``(ii) to limit contaminants from entering 
                        agricultural products for human consumption; 
                        and
                            ``(iii) to regenerate and sustain the soil; 
                        and
                    ``(D) recommendations on methods to conduct 
                remediation or soil building efforts to improve soils 
                and ensure that the producers--
                            ``(i) are not growing products in soils 
                        with high levels of heavy metals, volatile 
                        organic compounds, polycyclic aromatic 
                        hydrocarbons, or other contaminants;
                            ``(ii) have appropriate information 
                        regarding financial resources and conservation 
                        practices available to keep soil healthy, 
                        including practices, as defined in section 
                        1240A; and
                            ``(iii) are given information about 
                        experts, including experts outside of the 
                        Natural Resources Conservation Service, that 
                        may provide assistance to producers to oversee 
                        and monitor soil under remediation or 
                        regeneration to ensure soils are suitable for 
                        agricultural production in the future.
            ``(2) Education and outreach.--The Secretary shall conduct 
        education and outreach to producers regarding the uses of soil 
        and methods of addressing soil contamination and soil health 
        degradation.
    ``(e) Referral.--On the request of a producer, where soil is found 
to pose an imminent hazard to human health, the Secretary may refer the 
producer to the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency 
for additional assistance for remediation under section 104(k) of the 
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act 
of 1980 (42 U.S.C. 9604(k)).''.

SEC. 2407. VOLUNTARY PUBLIC ACCESS AND HABITAT INCENTIVE PROGRAM.

    (a) Conservation Innovation Grants and Payments.--Section 1240H of 
the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3839aa-8) is amended--
            (1) in the section heading, by striking ``grants'' and 
        inserting ``grants, voluntary public access and habitat 
        incentive program,''; and
            (2) by redesignating subsection (c) as subsection (d).
    (b) Modifications and Merging of Provisions.--Section 1240R of the 
Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3839bb-5) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (b)--
                    (A) in paragraph (1), by redesignating 
                subparagraphs (A) and (B) as clauses (i) and (ii), 
                respectively, and indenting appropriately; and
                    (B) by redesignating paragraphs (1) and (2) as 
                subparagraphs (A) and (B), respectively, and indenting 
                appropriately;
            (2) in subsection (c), by redesignating paragraphs (1) 
        through (5) as subparagraphs (A) through (E), respectively, and 
        indenting appropriately;
            (3) in subsection (d)--
                    (A) in paragraph (1), by striking ``section'' and 
                inserting ``subsection''; and
                    (B) by redesignating paragraphs (1) and (2) as 
                subparagraphs (A) and (B), respectively, and indenting 
                appropriately;
            (4) in subsection (e), by striking ``section'' and 
        inserting ``subsection'';
            (5) by striking subsection (f);
            (6) by redesignating subsections (a) through (e) as 
        paragraphs (1) through (5), respectively, and indenting 
        appropriately;
            (7) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(6) Funding.--Of the funds made available to carry out 
        this chapter, the Secretary shall use to carry out this 
        subsection $40,000,000 for the period of fiscal years 2019 
        through 2023.'';
            (8) by striking the section designation and heading and all 
        that follows through ``The Secretary shall establish a 
        voluntary public access program'' in paragraph (1) (as so 
        redesignated) and inserting the following:
    ``(c) Voluntary Public Access and Habitat Incentive Program.--
            ``(1) In general.--Out of the funds made available to carry 
        out this chapter, the Secretary shall carry out a voluntary 
        public access program (referred to in this subsection as the 
        `program')''; and
            (9) by moving subsection (c) (as so amended and 
        redesignated) so as to appear after subsection (b) of section 
        1240H (16 U.S.C. 3839aa-8) (as amended by subsection (a)(2)).

SEC. 2408. AGRICULTURE CONSERVATION EXPERIENCED SERVICES PROGRAM.

    Section 1252 of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3851) is 
amended by adding at the end the following:
    ``(e) Termination of Effectiveness.--The authority provided by this 
section terminates effective October 1, 2023.''.

SEC. 2409. REMOTE TELEMETRY DATA SYSTEM.

    The Food Security Act of 1985 is amended by inserting after section 
1252 (16 U.S.C. 3851) the following:

``SEC. 1253. REMOTE TELEMETRY DATA SYSTEM.

    ``(a) Finding.--Congress finds that a remote telemetry data system, 
as used for irrigation scheduling--
            ``(1) combines the use of field, weather, crop, soil, and 
        irrigation data to ensure that the precise quantity of 
        necessary water is applied to crops; and
            ``(2) saves water and energy while sustaining or increasing 
        crop yields.
    ``(b) Best Practice.--In carrying out the environmental quality 
incentives program established under chapter 4 of subtitle D, the 
Secretary shall encourage as a best management practice the use of 
remote telemetry data systems for irrigation scheduling.''.

SEC. 2410. AGRICULTURAL CONSERVATION EASEMENT PROGRAM.

    (a) Purposes.--Section 1265(b)(3) of the Food Security Act of 1985 
(16 U.S.C. 3865(b))(3) is amended by inserting ``that may negatively 
impact the agricultural uses and conservation values'' before ``; 
and''.
    (b) Definitions.--Section 1265A of the Food Security Act of 1985 
(16 U.S.C. 3865a) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (1)(B), by striking ``subject to an 
        agricultural land easement plan, as approved by the 
        Secretary'';
            (2) in paragraph (2)(A), by striking ``government or an 
        Indian tribe'' and inserting ``government, an Indian tribe, or 
        an acequia''; and
            (3) in paragraph (3)--
                    (A) in subparagraph (A)(i), by striking ``entity;'' 
                and inserting ``entity, unless the land will be 
                enrolled in an agricultural land easement under 
                subparagraph (B);'';
                    (B) by redesignating subparagraphs (B) and (C) as 
                subparagraphs (C) and (D), respectively; and
                    (C) by inserting after subparagraph (A) the 
                following:
                    ``(B) in the case of an agricultural land easement, 
                agricultural land that meets the conditions described 
                in clauses (ii) and (iii) of subparagraph (A) that is 
                owned by an organization described in paragraph (2)(B), 
                on the conditions that--
                            ``(i) if the organization that owns the 
                        land is also the eligible entity that would 
                        hold the agricultural land easement, the 
                        organization that owns the land shall certify 
                        to the Secretary on submission of the 
                        application that the land will be owned by a 
                        farmer or rancher that is not an organization 
                        described in paragraph (2)(B) on acquisition of 
                        the agricultural land easement;
                            ``(ii) if the organization that owns the 
                        land is not the eligible entity that would hold 
                        the agricultural land easement, the 
                        organization that owns the land shall certify, 
                        through an agreement, contract, or guarantee 
                        with the Secretary on submission of the 
                        application, that the organization will 
                        identify a farmer or rancher that is not an 
                        organization described in paragraph (2)(B) and 
                        effect the timely subsequent transfer of the 
                        ownership of the land to that farmer or rancher 
                        after the date of acquisition of the 
                        agricultural land easement; and
                            ``(iii) if the organization that certified 
                        the timely subsequent transfer of the ownership 
                        of the land under clause (ii) breaches the 
                        agreement, contract, or guarantee without 
                        justification and without a plan to effect the 
                        timely transfer of the land, that organization 
                        shall reimburse the Secretary for the entire 
                        amount of the Federal share of cost of each 
                        applicable agricultural land easement.''.
    (c) Agricultural Land Easements.--Section 1265B of the Food 
Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3865b) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a)(2), by striking ``provide'' and all 
        that follows through the period at the end and inserting 
        ``implement the program, including technical assistance with 
        the development of a conservation plan under subsection 
        (b)(3).''; and
            (2) in subsection (b)--
                    (A) in paragraph (2)--
                            (i) in subparagraph (A), in the matter 
                        preceding clause (i), by striking ``paragraph 
                        (4)'' and inserting ``paragraph (5)''; and
                            (ii) in subparagraph (B), by striking 
                        clause (ii) and inserting the following:
                            ``(ii) Non-federal share.--The non-Federal 
                        share provided by an eligible entity under 
                        clause (i) may comprise--
                                    ``(I) a charitable donation or 
                                qualified conservation contribution (as 
                                defined in section 170(h) of the 
                                Internal Revenue Code of 1986) from the 
                                private landowner from which the 
                                agricultural land easement will be 
                                purchased;
                                    ``(II) costs associated with 
                                securing a deed to the agricultural 
                                land easement, including the cost of 
                                appraisal, survey, inspection, and 
                                title; and
                                    ``(III) other costs, as determined 
                                by the Secretary.'';
                    (B) by redesignating paragraphs (3) through (5) as 
                paragraphs (4) through (6), respectively;
                    (C) by inserting after paragraph (2) the following:
            ``(3) Condition on assistance.--An eligible entity applying 
        for cost-share assistance under this subsection shall develop 
        an agricultural land easement plan--
                    ``(A) with the landowner of the eligible land 
                subject to the agricultural land easement; and
                    ``(B) that--
                            ``(i) describes the natural resource 
                        concerns on the eligible land subject to the 
                        agricultural land easement;
                            ``(ii) describes the conservation measures 
                        and practices that the landowner of the 
                        eligible land subject to the agricultural land 
                        easement may employ to address the concerns 
                        under clause (i);
                            ``(iii) in the case of grasslands of 
                        special environmental significance, requires 
                        the management of grasslands according to a 
                        grasslands management plan; and
                            ``(iv) in the case of highly erodible 
                        cropland, requires the implementation of a 
                        conservation plan that includes, at the option 
                        of the Secretary, the conversion of highly 
                        erodible cropland to less intensive uses.'';
                    (D) in paragraph (4) (as so redesignated)--
                            (i) in subparagraph (B)--
                                    (I) in clause (i), by striking 
                                ``and'' at the end;
                                    (II) in clause (ii), by striking 
                                the period at the end and inserting ``; 
                                and''; and
                                    (III) by adding at the end the 
                                following:
                            ``(iii) consultation with the appropriate 
                        State technical committee established under 
                        section 1261 to adjust evaluation and ranking 
                        criteria to account for geographic nuances if 
                        those adjustments--
                                    ``(I) meet the purposes of the 
                                program; and
                                    ``(II) continue to maximize the 
                                benefits of Federal investment under 
                                the program.''; and
                            (ii) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(D) Priority.--In evaluating applications under 
                the program, the Secretary may give priority to an 
                application for the purchase of an agricultural land 
                easement that, as determined by the Secretary, 
                maintains agricultural viability.'';
                    (E) in paragraph (5) (as so redesignated)--
                            (i) in subparagraph (B)(i), by striking 
                        ``paragraph (5)'' and inserting ``paragraph 
                        (6)'';
                            (ii) in subparagraph (C)--
                                    (I) in clause (i), by inserting 
                                ``and the agricultural activities to be 
                                conducted on the eligible land'' after 
                                ``program''; and
                                    (II) by striking clause (iv) and 
                                inserting the following:
                            ``(iv) exclude a right of inspection, 
                        unless the eligible entity fails to provide 
                        monitoring reports to the Secretary;'';
                            (iii) by redesignating subparagraphs (D) 
                        and (E) as subparagraphs (E) and (F), 
                        respectively; and
                            (iv) by inserting after subparagraph (C) 
                        the following:
                    ``(D) Additional permitted terms and conditions.--
                An eligible entity may include terms and conditions for 
                an agricultural land easement that--
                            ``(i) are intended to keep the land subject 
                        to the agricultural land easement in farmer 
                        ownership, as determined by the Secretary; and
                            ``(ii) include other relevant activities 
                        relating to the agricultural land easement, as 
                        determined by the Secretary.''; and
                    (F) in paragraph (6) (as so redesignated)--
                            (i) in subparagraph (B)--
                                    (I) in clause (iii), by 
                                redesignating subclauses (I) through 
                                (III) as items (aa) through (cc), 
                                respectively, and indenting 
                                appropriately;
                                    (II) by redesignating clauses (i) 
                                through (iii) as subclauses (I) through 
                                (III), respectively, and indenting 
                                appropriately;
                                    (III) in the matter preceding 
                                subclause (I) (as so redesignated), by 
                                striking ``entity will'' and inserting 
                                the following: ``eligible entity--
                            ``(i) will'';
                                    (IV) in clause (i)(III)(cc) (as so 
                                redesignated), by striking the period 
                                at the end and inserting a semicolon; 
                                and
                                    (V) by adding at the end the 
                                following:
                            ``(ii) has--
                                    ``(I) been accredited by the Land 
                                Trust Accreditation Commission, or by 
                                an equivalent accrediting body, as 
                                determined by the Secretary; and
                                    ``(II) acquired not fewer than 10 
                                agricultural land easements under the 
                                program; and
                                    ``(III) successfully met the 
                                responsibilities of the eligible entity 
                                under the applicable agreements with 
                                the Secretary, as determined by the 
                                Secretary, relating to agricultural 
                                land easements that the eligible entity 
                                has acquired under the program; or
                            ``(iii) is a State department of 
                        agriculture or other State agency with 
                        statutory authority for farm and ranchland 
                        protection that has--
                                    ``(I) acquired not fewer than 10 
                                agricultural land easements under the 
                                program; and
                                    ``(II) successfully met the 
                                responsibilities of the eligible entity 
                                under the applicable agreements with 
                                the Secretary, as determined by the 
                                Secretary, relating to agricultural 
                                land easements that the eligible entity 
                                has acquired under the program.'';
                            (ii) by redesignating subparagraph (C) as 
                        subparagraph (D); and
                            (iii) by inserting after subparagraph (B) 
                        the following:
                    ``(C) Terms and conditions.--Notwithstanding 
                paragraph (5)(C), to account for geographic and other 
                differences among States and regions, an eligible 
                entity certified under subparagraph (A) may use terms 
                and conditions established by the eligible entity for 
                agricultural land easements, on the condition that 
                those terms and conditions shall be consistent with the 
                purposes of the program.''.
    (d) Wetland Reserve Easements.--Section 1265C of the Food Security 
Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3865c) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (b)--
                    (A) in paragraph (1)(D), by inserting ``and 
                acequias'' after ``Indian tribes''; and
                    (B) in paragraph (3)--
                            (i) in subparagraph (B)--
                                    (I) in clause (iii), by striking 
                                ``and'' at the end;
                                    (II) by redesignating clause (iv) 
                                as clause (v); and
                                    (III) by inserting after clause 
                                (iii) the following:
                            ``(iv) the ability of the land to sequester 
                        carbon; and''; and
                            (ii) in subparagraph (C), by inserting 
                        ``and improving water quality'' before the 
                        period at the end;
            (2) in subsection (d)(2), by striking ``or Indian tribe'' 
        and inserting ``Indian tribe, or acequia'';
            (3) in subsection (e), by striking ``or Indian tribe'' and 
        inserting ``Indian tribe, or acequia''; and
            (4) in subsection (f)--
                    (A) by redesignating paragraphs (2) and (3) as 
                paragraphs (3) and (4), respectively; and
                    (B) by inserting after paragraph (1) the following:
            ``(2) Native vegetation.--The Secretary may allow the 
        establishment or restoration of an alternative vegetative 
        community on the entirety of the eligible land subject to a 
        wetland reserve easement if that alternative vegetative 
        community--
                    ``(A) will substantially support or benefit 
                migratory waterfowl or other wetland wildlife; or
                    ``(B) will meet local resource concerns or needs 
                (including as an element of a regional, State, or local 
                wildlife initiative or plan).''.
    (e) Administration.--Section 1265D of the Food Security Act of 1985 
(16 U.S.C. 3865d) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a)--
                    (A) in paragraph (2), by inserting ``subject to 
                paragraph (2),'' before ``lands owned'';
                    (B) by redesignating paragraphs (1) through (4) as 
                subparagraphs (A) through (D), respectively, and 
                indenting appropriately;
                    (C) in the matter preceding subparagraph (A) (as so 
                redesignated), by striking ``The Secretary'' and 
                inserting the following:
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary''; and
                    (D) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(2) Land owned by acequias.--Notwithstanding paragraph 
        (1)(B), the Secretary may use program funds for the purpose of 
        acquiring an easement on land owned by an acequia.''; and
            (2) in subsection (d)--
                    (A) in paragraph (1), by striking ``transferred 
                into the program'' and inserting ``enrolled in an 
                easement under section 1265C(b)''; and
                    (B) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(3) Agricultural land easements.--A farmer or rancher who 
        owns eligible land subject to an agricultural land easement may 
        enter into a contract under subchapter B of chapter 1.''.

SEC. 2411. REGIONAL CONSERVATION PARTNERSHIP PROGRAM.

    (a) Establishment and Purposes.--Section 1271 of the Food Security 
Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3871) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a)--
                    (A) in paragraph (1), by inserting ``, including 
                grant agreements under section 1271C(d),'' after 
                ``partnership agreements''; and
                    (B) in paragraph (2), by striking ``contracts with 
                producers'' and inserting ``program contracts with 
                eligible producers''; and
            (2) in subsection (b)--
                    (A) in paragraph (1), in the matter preceding 
                subparagraph (A), by striking ``use covered programs'' 
                and inserting ``carry out conservation activities'';
                    (B) by striking paragraph (2) and inserting the 
                following:
            ``(2) To further the conservation, protection, restoration, 
        and sustainable use of soil, water (including sources of 
        drinking water), wildlife, agricultural land, and related 
        natural resources on eligible land on a regional or watershed 
        scale.'';
                    (C) in paragraph (3)--
                            (i) in the matter preceding subparagraph 
                        (A), by inserting ``eligible'' before 
                        ``producers''; and
                            (ii) in subparagraph (B), by striking 
                        ``installation'' and inserting ``adoption, 
                        installation,''; and
                    (D) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(4) To encourage the flexible and streamlined delivery of 
        conservation assistance to eligible producers through 
        partnership agreements.
            ``(5) To encourage alignment of partnership projects with 
        other Federal, State, and local agencies and programs 
        addressing similar natural resource or environmental concerns 
        in a coordinated manner.
            ``(6) To engage eligible producers in conservation projects 
        to achieve greater conservation outcomes and benefits for 
        eligible producers than would otherwise be achieved.
            ``(7) To advance conservation and rural community 
        development goals simultaneously.''.
    (b) Definitions.--Section 1271A of the Food Security Act of 1985 
(16 U.S.C. 3871a) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (1)--
                    (A) in the matter preceding subparagraph (A), by 
                inserting ``a purpose, activity, or agreement under any 
                of'' after ``means''; and
                    (B) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(E) The conservation reserve program established 
                under subchapter B of chapter 1 of subtitle D.
                    ``(F) The program established by the Secretary to 
                carry out the Watershed Protection and Flood Prevention 
                Act (16 U.S.C. 1001 et seq.), except for any program 
                established by the Secretary to carry out section 14 
                (16 U.S.C. 1012) of that Act.'';
            (2) by striking paragraphs (2) and (3) and inserting the 
        following:
            ``(2) Eligible activity.--The term `eligible activity' 
        means--
                    ``(A) an eligible activity under the statutory 
                authority for a covered program; and
                    ``(B) any other related activity that an eligible 
                partner determines will help address natural resource 
                concerns, subject to the approval of the Secretary.
            ``(3) Eligible land.--The term `eligible land' means--
                    ``(A) eligible land under the statutory authority 
                for a covered program; and
                    ``(B) any other agricultural or nonindustrial 
                private forest land or associated land on which the 
                Secretary determines an eligible activity would help 
                address natural resource concerns.'';
            (3) in paragraph (4)--
                    (A) in subparagraph (E), by inserting ``acequia,'' 
                after ``irrigation district,''; and
                    (B) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(I) An organization described in clause (i), 
                (ii), or (iii) of section 1265A(2)(B).
                    ``(J) A conservation district.'';
            (4) by redesignating paragraphs (5) and (6) as paragraphs 
        (6) and (7), respectively;
            (5) by inserting after paragraph (4) the following:
            ``(5) Eligible producer.--The term `eligible producer' 
        means a person, legal entity, or Indian tribe that is an owner 
        or operator on eligible land.''; and
            (6) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(8) Program contract.--The term `program contract' means 
        the contract established by the Secretary under section 
        1271C(b)(1).''.
    (c) Regional Conservation Partnerships.--Section 1271B of the Food 
Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3871b) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a), by inserting ``eligible'' before 
        ``producers'';
            (2) by striking subsection (b) and inserting the following:
    ``(b) Maximum Length.--
            ``(1) In general.--Except as provided in paragraph (2), the 
        term of a partnership agreement shall not be longer than 5 
        years.
            ``(2) Exceptions.--
                    ``(A) Concurrent program deadline.--Subject to 
                approval by the Secretary, the term of a partnership 
                agreement may be longer than 5 years if the longer 
                period is concurrent with a deadline established under 
                a State or Federal program that relates specifically to 
                the project.
                    ``(B) Special circumstances.--In the case of 
                special circumstances outside the control of an 
                eligible partner (as determined by the Secretary) that 
                have created a delay in the implementation of a project 
                of the eligible partner, the eligible partner may 
                request an extension of the term of the partnership 
                agreement.
            ``(3) Partnership agreement renewals.--If an eligible 
        partner demonstrates to the satisfaction of the Secretary that 
        the eligible partner has made progress in addressing 1 or more 
        natural resource concerns defined in the partnership agreement, 
        not earlier than 1 year before the date of expiration of the 
        partnership agreement, the eligible partner may request from 
        the Secretary a renewal of the partnership agreement, including 
        a renewal of funding, through an expedited approval process--
                    ``(A) to continue to implement the partnership 
                agreement;
                    ``(B) to expand the scope of the partnership 
                agreement;
                    ``(C) to enroll additional eligible producers; or
                    ``(D) to carry out other conservation activities 
                relating to the project, including the assessment of 
                the project under subsection (c)(1)(E), as mutually 
                agreed by the Secretary and the eligible partner.'';
            (3) in subsection (c)--
                    (A) in paragraph (1)--
                            (i) in subparagraph (A)--
                                    (I) by redesignating clauses (iii) 
                                and (iv) as clauses (iv) and (v), 
                                respectively; and
                                    (II) by striking clauses (i) and 
                                (ii) and inserting the following:
                            ``(i) 1 or more natural resource concerns 
                        that the project shall address;
                            ``(ii) the eligible activities on eligible 
                        land to be conducted under the project to 
                        address the natural resource concerns;
                            ``(iii) the implementation timeline for 
                        carrying out the project, including any interim 
                        milestones;'';
                            (ii) in subparagraph (B), by inserting 
                        ``eligible'' before ``producers'';
                            (iii) in subparagraph (C), by striking ``a 
                        producer'' each place it appears and inserting 
                        ``an eligible producer'';
                            (iv) in subparagraph (D), by inserting ``or 
                        in-kind contributions'' after ``additional 
                        funds''; and
                            (v) in subparagraph (E), by striking ``of 
                        the project's effects; and'' and inserting the 
                        following: ``of--
                            ``(i) the progress made by the project in 
                        addressing each natural resource concern 
                        defined in the partnership agreement, including 
                        in a quantified form; and
                            ``(ii) as appropriate, other environmental, 
                        economic, or social outcomes of the project; 
                        and''; and
                    (B) in paragraph (2)--
                            (i) by striking ``An eligible'' and 
                        inserting the following:
                    ``(A) In general.--An eligible''; and
                            (ii) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(B) Form.--A contribution of an eligible partner 
                under this paragraph may be in the form of--
                            ``(i) direct funding;
                            ``(ii) in-kind support; or
                            ``(iii) a combination of direct funding and 
                        in-kind support.
                    ``(C) Treatment.--Any amounts expended during the 
                period beginning on the date on which the Secretary 
                announces the approval of an application under 
                subsection (e) and ending on the day before the 
                effective date of the partnership agreement by an 
                eligible partner for staff salaries or development of 
                the partnership agreement shall be considered to be a 
                part of the contribution of the eligible partner under 
                this paragraph.'';
            (4) by redesignating subsection (d) as subsection (e);
            (5) by inserting after subsection (c) the following:
    ``(d) Duties of Secretary.--The Secretary shall--
            ``(1) establish a timeline for carrying out the duties of 
        the Secretary under a partnership agreement, including--
                    ``(A) entering into contracts with eligible 
                producers;
                    ``(B) providing financial assistance to eligible 
                producers; and
                    ``(C) in the case of a partnership agreement that 
                is a grant agreement under section 1271C(d), providing 
                the grant amounts to the eligible partner;
            ``(2) establish in each State a program coordinator for the 
        State, who shall be responsible solely for providing assistance 
        to eligible partners and eligible producers under the program;
            ``(3) establish guidance to assist eligible partners with 
        carrying out the assessment required under subsection 
        (c)(1)(E);
            ``(4) provide to each eligible partner that has entered 
        into a partnership agreement--
                    ``(A) a semiannual report describing the status of 
                each pending and obligated contract under the project 
                of the eligible partner; and
                    ``(B) an annual report describing how the Secretary 
                used amounts reserved by the Secretary for that year 
                for technical assistance under section 1271D(f);
            ``(5) allow an eligible partner to use a new or modified 
        conservation practice standard under a partnership agreement, 
        if the Secretary ensures that the new or modified conservation 
        practice standard--
                    ``(A) is based on the best available science;
                    ``(B) is implemented after consultation with the 
                Secretary at the local level to assess the anticipated 
                effectiveness of the new or modified conservation 
                practice standard; and
                    ``(C) effectively addresses natural resource 
                concerns; and
            ``(6) ensure that any eligible activity effectively 
        addresses natural resource concerns.''; and
            (6) in subsection (e) (as redesignated by paragraph (4))--
                    (A) by striking paragraph (2) and inserting the 
                following:
            ``(2) Criteria used.--In carrying out the process described 
        in paragraph (1), the Secretary shall--
                    ``(A) make public the criteria used in evaluating 
                applications; and
                    ``(B) in the case of an application submitted by a 
                lead eligible partner that identifies a local 
                conservation district as another eligible partner for 
                the project, evaluate the engagement of the lead 
                eligible partner with the local conservation district 
                to ensure local input.'';
                    (B) in paragraph (3)--
                            (i) by striking the paragraph designation 
                        and heading and all that follows through 
                        ``description of--'' and inserting the 
                        following:
            ``(3) Contents.--The Secretary shall develop a simplified 
        application process that requires each application submitted 
        under this subsection to include a description of--'';
                            (ii) in subparagraph (C), by striking ``, 
                        including the covered programs to be used''; 
                        and
                            (iii) in subparagraph (D), by inserting 
                        ``or in-kind'' after ``financial'';
                    (C) in paragraph (4)--
                            (i) in the matter preceding subparagraph 
                        (A), by striking ``may'' and inserting 
                        ``shall'';
                            (ii) in subparagraphs (A) and (B), by 
                        inserting ``eligible'' before ``producers'' 
                        each place it appears;
                            (iii) by striking subparagraph (D);
                            (iv) by redesignating subparagraphs (E) and 
                        (F) as subparagraphs (G) and (H), respectively; 
                        and
                            (v) by inserting after subparagraph (C) the 
                        following:
                    ``(D) build new partnerships at the local, State, 
                and corporate levels or include a diversity of 
                stakeholders in the project;
                    ``(E) deliver a high percentage of applied 
                conservation--
                            ``(i) to address the identified natural 
                        resource concerns; or
                            ``(ii) in the case of a project in a 
                        critical conservation area under section 1271F, 
                        to address the critical conservation condition 
                        for that critical conservation area;
                    ``(F)(i) develop and implement new watershed or 
                habitat plans to address 1 or more natural resource 
                concerns; or
                    ``(ii) implement the project consistent with 
                existing watershed restoration plans;''; and
                    (D) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(5) Review.--To the extent practicable, after receipt of 
        an application under this subsection, the Secretary shall 
        provide to each applicant information and feedback (including 
        written information and feedback, as the Secretary determines 
        to be appropriate) throughout the annual program application 
        process for any improvements that could be made to the 
        application.''.
    (d) Assistance to Eligible Producers.--Section 1271C of the Food 
Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3871c) is amended--
            (1) in the section heading, by inserting ``eligible'' 
        before ``producers'';
            (2) by striking subsections (a) and (b) and inserting the 
        following:
    ``(a) In General.--An eligible producer may receive financial or 
technical assistance to conduct eligible activities on eligible land 
through a program contract entered into with the Secretary.
    ``(b) Program Contracts.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall establish a program 
        contract to be entered into with an eligible producer to 
        conduct eligible activities on eligible land, subject to such 
        terms and conditions as the Secretary may establish.
            ``(2) Application bundles.--
                    ``(A) In general.--An eligible partner may submit 
                to the Secretary, on behalf of eligible producers, a 
                bundle of applications for assistance under the program 
                through program contracts to address a substantial 
                portion of a natural resource concern defined in the 
                partnership agreement.
                    ``(B) Priority.--The Secretary shall give priority 
                to applications described in subparagraph (A).'';
            (3) in subsection (c)--
                    (A) in paragraph (1), by striking ``In accordance 
                with statutory requirements of the covered programs 
                involved, the Secretary may make payments to a 
                producer'' and inserting ``Subject to section 1271D, 
                the Secretary may make payments to an eligible 
                producer'';
                    (B) in paragraph (2), by inserting ``eligible'' 
                before ``producers'' each place it appears; and
                    (C) in paragraph (3), by striking ``participating'' 
                and inserting ``eligible''; and
            (4) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(d) Funding Arrangements Through Grant Agreements.--
            ``(1) In general.--A partnership agreement may be a grant 
        agreement entered into with an eligible partner in accordance 
        with this subsection.
            ``(2) Requirements.--Under a grant agreement under 
        paragraph (1)--
                    ``(A) using amounts made available to carry out 
                this subtitle, the Secretary shall provide to the 
                eligible partner a grant;
                    ``(B) the eligible partner shall carry out eligible 
                activities on eligible land (including by contracting 
                with 1 or more producers, if the eligible partner 
                determines the contracting to be appropriate), on the 
                condition that the eligible activities directly or 
                indirectly benefit agricultural producers (including 
                forestry producers), to address natural resource 
                concerns on a regional or watershed scale, such as--
                            ``(i) infrastructure investments relating 
                        to agricultural or nonindustrial private forest 
                        production that would benefit multiple 
                        producers, such as a multiproducer irrigation 
                        water delivery system, including investments to 
                        address drought;
                            ``(ii) projects addressing water quality or 
                        quantity concerns (including drought) in 
                        coordination with producers, including the 
                        development and implementation of watershed 
                        plans;
                            ``(iii) projects that use innovative 
                        approaches to leveraging the Federal investment 
                        in conservation with private financial 
                        mechanisms, in conjunction with agricultural 
                        production or forest resource management, such 
                        as--
                                    ``(I) the provision of performance-
                                based payments to eligible producers; 
                                and
                                    ``(II) support for an environmental 
                                market;
                            ``(iv) projects that facilitate pilot 
                        testing of new conservation practices, 
                        technologies, or activities;
                            ``(v) projects that promote the long-term 
                        viability and sustainability of agricultural 
                        land through innovative agricultural land and 
                        water protection strategies and mechanisms, 
                        including projects that support the transfer of 
                        land to beginning farmers and ranchers, veteran 
                        farmers and ranchers, socially disadvantaged 
                        farmers and ranchers, and limited resource 
                        farmers and ranchers; and
                            ``(vi) other projects for which the 
                        Secretary determines that the goals and 
                        objectives of the program would be easier to 
                        achieve through the grant agreement; and
                    ``(C) the Secretary may provide technical and 
                administrative assistance, as mutually agreed by the 
                parties.
            ``(3) Nonapplicability of adjusted gross income 
        limitation.--The adjusted gross income limitation described in 
        section 1001D(b)(1) shall not apply to the receipt by an 
        eligible partner of a grant under this subsection.
            ``(4) Limitation.--The Secretary may not use more than 30 
        percent of funding made available to carry out the program for 
        grant agreements.
            ``(5) Reports.--An eligible partner that enters into a 
        grant agreement under this subsection shall submit to the 
        Secretary--
                    ``(A) any information that the Secretary requires 
                to prepare the report under section 1271E(b); and
                    ``(B) an annual report that describes the status of 
                the project carried out by the eligible partner, 
                including a description of--
                            ``(i) the use of the grant funds;
                            ``(ii) any subcontracts awarded using grant 
                        funds;
                            ``(iii) the eligible producers receiving 
                        funding using the grant funds;
                            ``(iv)(I) the progress made by the project 
                        in addressing each natural resource concern 
                        defined in the grant agreement, including in a 
                        quantified form; and
                            ``(II) as appropriate, other environmental, 
                        economic, or social outcomes of the project; 
                        and
                            ``(v) any other reporting data the 
                        Secretary determines are necessary to ensure 
                        compliance with the program rules.''.
    (e) Funding.--Section 1271D of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 
U.S.C. 3871d) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a)--
                    (A) by striking ``$100,000,000'' and inserting 
                ``$200,000,000''; and
                    (B) by striking ``2014 through 2018'' and inserting 
                ``2019 through 2023'';
            (2) in subsection (c), by striking paragraphs (1) and (2) 
        and inserting the following:
            ``(1) In general.--To ensure that additional resources are 
        available to carry out the program, in addition to the funds 
        made available under subsection (a), for each fiscal year the 
        Secretary shall transfer 7 percent of the funds and acres made 
        available for the following programs:
                    ``(A) The conservation stewardship program 
                established under subchapter B of chapter 2 of subtitle 
                D.
                    ``(B) The environmental quality incentives program 
                established under chapter 4 of subtitle D.
                    ``(C) The agricultural conservation easement 
                program established under subtitle H.
            ``(2) Duration of availability.--Any funds or acres 
        transferred under paragraph (1) shall remain available for 
        obligation only for the purposes of carrying out the program 
        until expended.
            ``(3) Distribution of funds.--To the maximum extent 
        practicable, of projects receiving funds or acres transferred 
        under paragraph (1) from a program described in subparagraph 
        (A), (B), or (C) of that paragraph, the percentage of projects 
        that shall have purposes similar to the purposes of the 
        applicable program from which funds or acres were transferred 
        shall be approximately equal to the percentage of funds or 
        acres transferred from the applicable program.'';
            (3) in subsection (d)--
                    (A) in paragraph (1), by striking ``25 percent of 
                the funds and acres to projects based on a State 
                competitive process administered by the State 
                Conservationist, with the advice of the State technical 
                committee'' and inserting the following: ``40 percent 
                of the funds and acres to projects based on a State or 
                multistate competitive process administered by the 
                Secretary at the local level with the advice of the 
                applicable State technical committees'';
                    (B) by striking paragraph (2);
                    (C) by redesignating paragraph (3) as paragraph 
                (2); and
                    (D) in paragraph (2) (as so redesignated), by 
                striking ``35 percent'' and inserting ``60 percent'';
            (4) in subsection (e)--
                    (A) by striking ``None of the funds'' and inserting 
                the following:
            ``(1) In general.--Except as provided in paragraph (2), 
        none of the funds''; and
                    (B) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(2) Project development and outreach.--Under a 
        partnership agreement, the Secretary may advance reasonable 
        amounts of funding for technical assistance to eligible 
        partners to conduct project development and outreach activities 
        in a project area, including--
                    ``(A) providing outreach and education to eligible 
                producers for potential participation in the project;
                    ``(B) developing a watershed or habitat plan;
                    ``(C) establishing baseline metrics to support the 
                development of the assessment required under section 
                1271B(c)(1)(E); or
                    ``(D) providing technical assistance to eligible 
                producers.
            ``(3) Reimbursement.--The Secretary may reimburse 
        reasonable amounts of funding for activities conducted during 
        the period beginning on the date on which the Secretary 
        announces the approval of an application under section 1271B(e) 
        and ending on the day before the effective date of the 
        partnership agreement.''; and
            (5) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(f) Technical Assistance.--
            ``(1) In general.--At the time of project selection, the 
        Secretary shall identify and make publically available the 
        amount that the Secretary shall use to provide technical 
        assistance under the terms of the partnership agreement.
            ``(2) Limitation.--The Secretary shall limit costs of the 
        Secretary for technical assistance to costs specific and 
        necessary to carry out the objectives of the program.
            ``(3) Third-party providers.--The Secretary shall develop 
        and implement strategies to encourage third-party technical 
        service providers to provide technical assistance to eligible 
        partners pursuant to a partnership agreement.''.
    (f) Administration.--Section 1271E of the Food Security Act of 1985 
(16 U.S.C. 3871e) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (b)--
                    (A) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), by 
                striking ``December 31, 2014'' and inserting ``December 
                31, 2018'';
                    (B) in paragraphs (1) and (2), by inserting 
                ``eligible'' before ``producers'' each place it 
                appears;
                    (C) by redesignating paragraphs (1) through (4) as 
                paragraphs (2) through (5), respectively; and
                    (D) by inserting before paragraph (2) (as so 
                redesignated) the following:
            ``(1) a summary of--
                    ``(A) the progress made towards addressing the 1 or 
                more natural resource concerns defined for the 
                projects; and
                    ``(B) any other related environmental, social, or 
                economic outcomes of the projects;''; and
            (2) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(c) Compliance With Certain Requirements.--The Secretary may not 
provide assistance under the program to an eligible producer unless the 
eligible producer agrees, during the program year for which the 
assistance is provided--
            ``(1) to comply with applicable conservation requirements 
        under subtitle B; and
            ``(2) to comply with applicable wetland protection 
        requirements under subtitle C.
    ``(d) Historically Underserved Producers.--To the maximum extent 
practicable, in carrying out the program, the Secretary shall work with 
eligible partners to maintain eligible benefits available through the 
covered programs for beginning farmers and ranchers, veteran farmers 
and ranchers, socially disadvantaged farmers and ranchers, and limited 
resource farmers and ranchers.
    ``(e) Regulations.--The Secretary shall issue regulations to carry 
out the program.''.
    (g) Critical Conservation Areas.--Section 1271F of the Food 
Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3871f) is amended--
            (1) by redesignating subsections (a), (b), and (c) as 
        subsections (b), (c), and (e), respectively;
            (2) by inserting before subsection (b) (as so redesignated) 
        the following:
    ``(a) Definitions.--In this section:
            ``(1) Critical conservation area.--The term `critical 
        conservation area' means a geographical area that contains a 
        critical conservation condition that can be addressed through 
        the program.
            ``(2) Critical conservation condition.--The term `critical 
        conservation condition' means--
                    ``(A) a condition of land that would benefit from 
                water quality improvement, including through reducing 
                erosion, promoting sediment control, and addressing 
                nutrient management activities affecting large bodies 
                of water of regional, national, or international 
                significance; and
                    ``(B) a condition of land that would benefit from 
                water quantity improvement, including improvement 
                relating to--
                            ``(i) drought;
                            ``(ii) groundwater, surface water, aquifer, 
                        or other water sources; or
                            ``(iii) water retention and flood 
                        prevention.'';
            (3) in subsection (b) (as so redesignated)--
                    (A) by striking ``producer'' and inserting 
                ``program''; and
                    (B) by inserting ``that address each critical 
                conservation condition for which the critical 
                conservation area is designated'' before the period at 
                the end;
            (4) in subsection (c) (as so redesignated)--
                    (A) by redesignating paragraphs (1) through (3) as 
                paragraphs (2) through (4), respectively;
                    (B) by inserting before paragraph (2) (as so 
                redesignated) the following:
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall identify 1 or more 
        critical conservation conditions that apply to each critical 
        conservation area designated under this section after the date 
        of enactment of the Agricultural Act of 2014 (Public Law 113-
        79; 128 Stat. 649), including the conservation goals and 
        outcomes sufficient to demonstrate that progress is being made 
        to address the critical conservation conditions.'';
                    (C) in paragraph (2) (as so redesignated)--
                            (i) by striking subparagraphs (C) and (D) 
                        and inserting the following:
                    ``(C) contains a critical conservation condition; 
                or'';
                            (ii) by redesignating subparagraph (E) as 
                        subparagraph (D); and
                            (iii) in subparagraph (D) (as so 
                        redesignated), by inserting ``eligible'' before 
                        ``producers''; and
                    (D) by striking paragraph (3) (as so redesignated) 
                and inserting the following:
            ``(3) Review and withdrawal.--The Secretary may--
                    ``(A) review designations of critical conservation 
                areas under this section not more frequently than once 
                every 5 years; and
                    ``(B) withdraw designation of a critical 
                conservation area only if the Secretary determines that 
                the area is no longer a critical conservation area.'';
            (5) by inserting after subsection (c) (as so redesignated) 
        the following:
    ``(d) Outreach to Eligible Partners and Eligible Producers.--The 
Secretary shall provide outreach and education to eligible partners and 
eligible producers in critical conservation areas designated under this 
section to encourage the development of projects to address each 
critical conservation condition identified by the Secretary for that 
critical conservation area.'';
            (6) in subsection (e) (as so redesignated)--
                    (A) in paragraph (1), by striking ``producer'' and 
                inserting ``program''; and
                    (B) by striking paragraph (3); and
            (7) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(f) Reports.--Not later than December 31, 2018, and each year 
thereafter, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Agriculture 
of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Agriculture, 
Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate a report describing the status of 
each critical conservation condition for each critical conservation 
area designated under this section, including--
            ``(1) the conditions for which each critical conservation 
        area is designated;
            ``(2) conservation goals and outcomes sufficient to 
        demonstrate that progress is being made to address the critical 
        conservation conditions;
            ``(3) the partnership agreements selected to address each 
        conservation goal and outcome; and
            ``(4) the extent to which each conservation goal and 
        outcome is being addressed by the partnership agreements.''.
    (h) Conforming Amendments.--
            (1) Section 1271E of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 
        U.S.C. 3871e) (as amended by subsection (f)) is amended--
                    (A) in subsection (a), by striking ``1271B(d)'' 
                each place it appears and inserting ``1271B(e)''; and
                    (B) in subsection (b)(5), in the matter preceding 
                subparagraph (A), by striking ``1271C(b)(2)'' and 
                inserting ``1271C(d)''.
            (2) Section 1271F of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 
        U.S.C. 3871f) is amended in subsection (b) (as redesignated by 
        subsection (g)(1)) by striking ``1271D(d)(3)'' and inserting 
        ``1271D(d)(2)''.

SEC. 2412. WETLAND CONVERSION.

    Section 1221(d) of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 
3821(d)) is amended--
            (1) by striking ``Except as'' and inserting the following:
            ``(1) In general.--Except as''; and
            (2) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(2) Duty of the secretary.--No person shall become 
        ineligible under paragraph (1) if the Secretary determines that 
        an exemption under section 1222(b) applies to that person.''.

SEC. 2413. DELINEATION OF WETLANDS.

    (a) Identification of Minimal Effect Exemptions.--Section 1222(d) 
of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3822(d)) is amended--
            (1) in the first sentence, by striking ``For purposes'' and 
        inserting the following:
            ``(1) In general.--For purposes''; and
            (2) in paragraph (1) (as so designated)--
                    (A) in the first sentence, by inserting ``not later 
                than 1 year after the date of enactment of the 
                Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018, in accordance with 
                paragraph (2),'' before ``the Secretary''; and
                    (B) in the second sentence, by striking ``The 
                Secretary'' and inserting the following:
            ``(2) Requirements.--The Secretary shall carry out 
        paragraph (1)--
                    ``(A) in compliance with applicable Federal 
                environmental laws, including the National 
                Environmental Policy Act of 1969 (42 U.S.C. 4321 et 
                seq.);
                    ``(B) in accordance with subsections (d) and (e) of 
                section 12.31 of title 7, Code of Federal Regulations 
                (as in effect on the date of enactment of the 
                Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018); and
                    ``(C) in consultation with--
                            ``(i) State technical committees 
                        established under section 1261(a);
                            ``(ii) State wildlife and water resource 
                        agencies;
                            ``(iii) the Director of the United States 
                        Fish and Wildlife Service;
                            ``(iv) State Committees of the Farm Service 
                        Agency; and
                            ``(v) agricultural commodity organizations.
            ``(3) Training of employees.--The Secretary''.
    (b) Mitigation Banking.--Section 1222(k)(1) of the Food Security 
Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3822(k)(1)) is amended by striking subparagraph 
(B) and inserting the following:
                    ``(B) Authorization of appropriations.--There is 
                authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry 
                out this paragraph $5,000,000 for each of fiscal years 
                2019 through 2023.''.

SEC. 2414. EMERGENCY CONSERVATION PROGRAM.

    (a) Watershed Protection Program.--Section 403 of the Agricultural 
Credit Act of 1978 (16 U.S.C. 2203) is amended--
            (1) in the section heading, by striking ``measures'' and 
        inserting ``watershed protection program''; and
            (2) in subsection (a), by inserting ``watershed 
        protection'' after ``emergency''.
    (b) Payment Limitations.--Title IV of the Agricultural Credit Act 
of 1978 is amended by inserting after section 403 (16 U.S.C. 2203) the 
following:

``SEC. 403A. PAYMENT LIMITATION.

    ``The maximum payment made under the emergency conservation program 
to an agricultural producer under this title may not exceed 
$500,000.''.
    (c) Funding and Administration.--Section 404 of the Agricultural 
Credit Act of 1978 (16 U.S.C. 2204) is amended--
            (1) in the fourth sentence, by striking ``The Corporation'' 
        and inserting the following:
    ``(d) Limitation.--The Commodity Credit Corporation'';
            (2) in the third sentence, by striking ``In implementing 
        the provisions of'' and inserting the following:
    ``(c) Use of Commodity Credit Corporation.--In implementing'';
            (3) by striking the second sentence;
            (4) by striking the section designation and all that 
        follows through ``There are authorized'' in the first sentence 
        and inserting the following:

``SEC. 404. FUNDING AND ADMINISTRATION.

    ``(a) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized'';
            (5) in subsection (a) (as so designated), by inserting ``, 
        to remain available until expended'' before the period at the 
        end; and
            (6) by inserting after subsection (a) (as so designated) 
        the following:
    ``(b) Set-aside for Fencing.--Of the amounts made available under 
subsection (a) for a fiscal year, 25 percent shall be set aside until 
April 1 of that fiscal year for the repair or replacement of 
fencing.''.

SEC. 2415. WATERSHED PROTECTION AND FLOOD PREVENTION.

    Section 10 of the Watershed Protection and Flood Prevention Act (16 
U.S.C. 1007) is amended by striking the section designation and all 
that follows through ``No appropriation'' in the second sentence and 
inserting the following:

``SEC. 10. FUNDING.

    ``(a) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be 
appropriated to carry out this Act $200,000,000 for each of fiscal 
years 2019 through 2023.
    ``(b) Limitations.--No appropriation''.

SEC. 2416. SMALL WATERSHED REHABILITATION PROGRAM.

    Section 14(h)(2) of the Watershed Protection and Flood Prevention 
Act (16 U.S.C. 1012(h)(2)) is amended--
            (1) in subparagraph (D), by striking ``and'' at the end;
            (2) in subparagraph (E), by striking the period at the end 
        and inserting ``; and''; and
            (3) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(F) $20,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2019 
                through 2023.''.

SEC. 2417. REPEAL OF CONSERVATION CORRIDOR DEMONSTRATION PROGRAM.

    (a) In General.--Subtitle G of title II of the Farm Security and 
Rural Investment Act of 2002 (16 U.S.C. 3801 note; Public Law 107-171) 
is repealed.
    (b) Conforming Amendment.--Section 5059 of the Water Resources 
Development Act of 2007 (16 U.S.C. 3801 note; Public Law 110-114) is 
repealed.

SEC. 2418. REPEAL OF CRANBERRY ACREAGE RESERVE PROGRAM.

    Section 10608 of the Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002 
(16 U.S.C. 3801 note; Public Law 107-171) is repealed.

SEC. 2419. REPEAL OF NATIONAL NATURAL RESOURCES FOUNDATION.

    Subtitle F of title III of the Federal Agriculture Improvement and 
Reform Act of 1996 (16 U.S.C. 5801 et seq.) is repealed.

SEC. 2420. REPEAL OF FLOOD RISK REDUCTION.

    Section 385 of the Federal Agriculture Improvement and Reform Act 
of 1996 (7 U.S.C. 7334) is repealed.

SEC. 2421. REPEAL OF STUDY OF LAND USE FOR EXPIRING CONTRACTS AND 
              EXTENSION OF AUTHORITY.

    Section 1437 of the Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act 
of 1990 (16 U.S.C. 3831 note; Public Law 101-624) is repealed.

SEC. 2422. REPEAL OF INTEGRATED FARM MANAGEMENT PROGRAM OPTION.

    Section 1451 of the Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act 
of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 5822) is repealed.

SEC. 2423. REPEAL OF CLARIFICATION OF DEFINITION OF AGRICULTURAL LANDS.

    Section 325 of the Federal Agriculture Improvement and Reform Act 
of 1996 (Public Law 104-127; 110 Stat. 992) is repealed.

SEC. 2424. RESOURCE CONSERVATION AND DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM.

    Section 1537 of the Agriculture and Food Act of 1981 (16 U.S.C. 
3460) is amended to read as follows:

``SEC. 1537. TERMINATION OF EFFECTIVENESS.

    ``The authority provided by this subtitle terminates effective 
October 1, 2023.''.

SEC. 2425. WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT.

    (a) In General.--The Secretary and the Secretary of the Interior 
shall continue to carry out the Working Lands for Wildlife model of 
conservation on working landscapes, as implemented on the day before 
the date of enactment of this Act, in accordance with--
            (1) the document entitled ``Partnership Agreement Between 
        the United States Department of Agriculture Natural Resources 
        Conservation Service and the United States Department of the 
        Interior Fish and Wildlife Service'', numbered A-3A7516-937, 
        and formalized by the Chief of the Natural Resources 
        Conservation Service on September 15, 2016, and by the Director 
        of the United States Fish and Wildlife Service on August 4, 
        2016, as in effect on September 15, 2016; and
            (2) United States Fish and Wildlife Service Director's 
        Order No. 217, dated August 9, 2016, as in effect on August 9, 
        2016.
    (b) Expansion of Model.--The Secretary and the Secretary of the 
Interior may expand the conservation model described in subsection (a) 
through a new partnership agreement between the Farm Service Agency and 
the United States Fish and Wildlife Service for the purpose of carrying 
out conservation activities for species conservation.
    (c) Extension of Period of Regulatory Predictability.--
            (1) Definition of period of regulatory predictability.--In 
        this subsection, the term ``period of regulatory 
        predictability'' means the period of regulatory predictability 
        under the Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 1531 et 
        seq.) initially determined in accordance with the document and 
        order described in paragraphs (1) and (2), respectively, of 
        subsection (a).
            (2) Extension.--After the period of regulatory 
        predictability, on request of the Secretary, the Secretary of 
        the Interior, acting through the Director of the United States 
        Fish and Wildlife Service, may provide additional consultation 
        under section 7(a)(2) of the Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 
        U.S.C. 1536(a)(2)), or additional conference under section 
        7(a)(4) of that Act (16 U.S.C. 1536(a)(4)), as applicable, with 
        the Chief of the Natural Resources Conservation Service or the 
        Administrator of the Farm Service Agency, as applicable, to 
        extend the period of regulatory predictability.
    (d) Regulatory Certainty.--Section 1244 of the Food Security Act of 
1985 (16 U.S.C. 3844) is amended by adding at the end the following:
    ``(n) Regulatory Certainty.--
            ``(1) In general.--In addition to technical and 
        programmatic information that the Secretary is otherwise 
        authorized to provide, on request of a Federal agency, a State, 
        an Indian tribe, or a unit of local government, the Secretary 
        may provide technical and programmatic information--
                    ``(A) subject to paragraph (2), to the Federal 
                agency, State, Indian tribe, or unit of local 
                government to support specifically the development of 
                mechanisms that would provide regulatory certainty, 
                regulatory predictability, safe harbor protection, or 
                other similar regulatory assurances to a farmer, 
                rancher, or private nonindustrial forest landowner 
                under a regulatory requirement--
                            ``(i) that relates to soil, water, or 
                        wildlife; and
                            ``(ii) over which that Federal agency, 
                        State, Indian tribe, or unit of local 
                        government has authority; and
                    ``(B) relating to conservation practices or 
                activities that could be implemented by a farmer, 
                rancher, or private nonindustrial forest landowner to 
                address a targeted soil, water, or wildlife resource 
                concern that is the direct subject of a regulatory 
                requirement enforced by that Federal agency, State, 
                Indian tribe, or unit of local government, as 
                applicable.
            ``(2) Mechanisms.--The Secretary shall only provide 
        additional technical and programmatic information under 
        paragraph (1) if the mechanisms to be developed by the Federal 
        agency, State, Indian tribe, or unit of local government, as 
        applicable, under paragraph (1)(A) are anticipated to include, 
        at a minimum--
                    ``(A) the implementation of 1 or more conservation 
                practices or activities that effectively addresses the 
                soil, water, or wildlife resource concern identified 
                under paragraph (1);
                    ``(B) the on-site confirmation that the applicable 
                conservation practices or activities identified under 
                subparagraph (A) have been implemented;
                    ``(C) a plan for a periodic audit, as appropriate, 
                of the continued implementation or maintenance of each 
                of the conservation practices or activities identified 
                under subparagraph (A); and
                    ``(D) notification to a farmer, rancher, or private 
                nonindustrial forest landowner of, and an opportunity 
                to correct, any noncompliance with a requirement to 
                obtain regulatory certainty, regulatory predictability, 
                safe harbor protection, or other similar regulatory 
                assurance.
            ``(3) Continuing current collaboration on soil, water, or 
        wildlife conservation practices.--The Secretary shall--
                    ``(A) continue collaboration with Federal agencies, 
                States, Indian tribes, or local units of government on 
                existing regulatory certainty, regulatory 
                predictability, safe harbor protection, or other 
                similar regulatory assurances in accordance with 
                paragraph (2); and
                    ``(B) continue collaboration with the Secretary of 
                the Interior on consultation under section 7(a)(2) of 
                the Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 
                1536(a)(2)) or conference under section 7(a)(4) of that 
                Act (16 U.S.C. 1536(a)(4)), as applicable, for wildlife 
                conservation efforts, including the Working Lands for 
                Wildlife model of conservation on working landscapes, 
                as implemented on the day before the date of enactment 
                of the Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018, in 
                accordance with--
                            ``(i) the document entitled `Partnership 
                        Agreement Between the United States Department 
                        of Agriculture Natural Resources Conservation 
                        Service and the United States Department of the 
                        Interior Fish and Wildlife Service', numbered 
                        A-3A75-16-937, and formalized by the Chief of 
                        the Natural Resources Conservation Service on 
                        September 15, 2016, and by the Director of the 
                        United States Fish and Wildlife Service on 
                        August 4, 2016, as in effect on September 15, 
                        2016; and
                            ``(ii) United States Fish and Wildlife 
                        Service Director's Order No. 217, dated August 
                        9, 2016, as in effect on August 9, 2016.
            ``(4) Savings clause.--Nothing in this subsection--
                    ``(A) preempts, displaces, or supplants any 
                authority or right of a Federal agency, a State, an 
                Indian tribe, or a unit of local government;
                    ``(B) modifies or otherwise affects, preempts, or 
                displaces--
                            ``(i) any cause of action; or
                            ``(ii) a provision of Federal or State law 
                        establishing a remedy for a civil or criminal 
                        cause of action; or
                    ``(C) applies to a case in which the Department of 
                Agriculture is the originating agency requesting a 
                consultation or other technical and programmatic 
                information or assistance from another Federal agency 
                in assisting farmers, ranchers, or nonindustrial 
                private forest landowners participating in a 
                conservation program administered by the Secretary.''.

SEC. 2426. HEALTHY FORESTS RESERVE PROGRAM.

    (a) Purposes.--Section 501(a) of the Healthy Forests Restoration 
Act of 2003 (16 U.S.C. 6571(a)) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (2), by striking ``and'' at the end;
            (2) in paragraph (3), by striking the period at the end and 
        inserting ``; and''; and
            (3) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(4) to conserve forest land that provides habitat for 
        species described in section 502(b)(2).''.
    (b) Eligibility.--Section 502 of the Healthy Forests Restoration 
Act of 2003 (16 U.S.C. 6572) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (b)--
                    (A) in paragraph (1), by striking ``private land'' 
                and all that follows through ``which will'' and 
                inserting ``private land, including private forest land 
                or land being restored to forest, the enrollment of 
                which will maintain,''; and
                    (B) in paragraph (2)--
                            (i) in the matter preceding subparagraph 
                        (A), by striking ``private land'' and all that 
                        follows through ``which will'' and inserting 
                        ``private land, including private forest land 
                        or land being restored to forest, the 
                        enrollment of which will maintain,'';
                            (ii) by striking subparagraph (B) and 
                        inserting the following:
                    ``(B)(i) are candidates for such listing, State-
                listed species, or special concern species; or
                    ``(ii) are deemed a species of greatest 
                conservation need under a State wildlife action 
                plan.'';
            (2) in subsection (c)--
                    (A) in paragraph (1), by striking ``and'' at the 
                end;
                    (B) in paragraph (2), by striking the period at the 
                end and inserting ``; and''; and
                    (C) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(3) conserve forest land that provides habitat for 
        species described in section 502(b)(2).'';
            (3) in subsection (e)--
                    (A) by striking paragraph (2);
                    (B) by redesignating paragraph (3) as paragraph 
                (2); and
                    (C) in paragraph (2)(B) (as redesignated by 
                subparagraph (A))--
                            (i) in clause (ii), by striking ``or'' at 
                        the end; and
                            (ii) by striking clause (iii) and inserting 
                        the following:
                            ``(iii) a permanent easement; or
                            ``(iv) any combination of the options 
                        described in clauses (i), (ii), and (iii).''; 
                        and
            (4) in subsection (f)(1)(B), by striking clause (ii) and 
        inserting the following:
                            ``(ii)(I) are candidates for such listing, 
                        State-listed species, or special concern 
                        species; or
                            ``(II) are deemed a species of greatest 
                        conservation need under a State wildlife action 
                        plan.''.
    (c) Restoration Plans.--Section 503(b) of the Healthy Forests 
Restoration Act of 2003 (16 U.S.C. 6573(b)) is amended--
            (1) by redesignating paragraphs (1) and (2) as 
        subparagraphs (A) and (B), respectively, and indenting 
        appropriately;
            (2) by striking the subsection designation and all that 
        follows through ``restoration practices'' and inserting the 
        following:
    ``(b) Practices and Measures.--
            ``(1) Definition of practices and measures.--In this 
        subsection, the term `practices and measures' includes land 
        management practices, vegetative treatments, structural 
        practices and measures, practices to improve biological 
        diversity, practices to increase carbon sequestration, and 
        other appropriate activities, as determined by the Secretary.
            ``(2) Restoration plans.--The restoration plan may require 
        such restoration practices and measures'';
            (3) in subparagraph (A) (as redesignated by paragraph (1)), 
        by striking ``and'' at the end; and
            (4) in subparagraph (B) (as redesignated by paragraph (1)), 
        by striking the period at the end and inserting ``, or a 
        species deemed a species of greatest conservation need under a 
        State wildlife action plan.''.

SEC. 2427. WATERSHED PROTECTION.

    (a) Watershed Areas.--Section 2 of the Watershed Protection and 
Flood Prevention Act (16 U.S.C. 1002) is amended in the undesignated 
matter following paragraph (3) by inserting ``(except in cases in which 
the Secretary determines that the undertaking is necessary in a larger 
watershed or subwatershed in order to address regional drought 
concerns)'' after ``fifty thousand acres''.
    (b) Authority of the Secretary.--Section 3 of the Watershed 
Protection and Flood Prevention Act (16 U.S.C. 1003) is amended--
            (1) by striking the section designation and all that 
        follows through ``In order to assist'' and inserting the 
        following:

``SEC. 3. ASSISTANCE TO LOCAL ORGANIZATIONS.

    ``(a) In General.--In order to assist''; and
            (2) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(b) Waiver.--The Secretary may waive the watershed plan for works 
of improvement if the Secretary determines the watershed plan is 
unnecessary or duplicative.''.

SEC. 2428. SENSE OF CONGRESS RELATING TO INCREASED WATERSHED-BASED 
              COLLABORATION.

    It is the sense of Congress that the Federal Government should 
recognize and encourage partnerships at the watershed level between 
nonpoint sources and regulated point sources to advance the goals of 
the Federal Water Pollution Control Act (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.) and 
provide benefits to farmers, landowners, and the public.

SEC. 2429. MODIFICATIONS TO CONSERVATION EASEMENT PROGRAM.

    Title XII of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3801 et seq.) 
is amended by inserting after subtitle E the following:

              ``Subtitle F--Other Conservation Provisions

``SEC. 1251. MODIFICATIONS TO CONSERVATION EASEMENT PROGRAM.

    ``(a) Definition of Covered Program.--In this section, the term 
`covered program' means wetland reserve easements under section 1265C.
    ``(b) Modifications.--Notwithstanding any other provision of law 
applicable to the covered program, subject to subsection (c), if 
requested by the landowner, the Secretary shall--
            ``(1) allow land enrolled in the covered program to be--
                    ``(A) modified for water management, general 
                maintenance, vegetative cover control, wildlife habitat 
                management, or any other purpose, subject to the 
                condition that the modification shall be approved 
                jointly by--
                            ``(i) the State department of natural 
                        resources (or equivalent State agency); and
                            ``(ii) the technical committee established 
                        under section 1261(a) of the State; or
                    ``(B) exchanged for land that has equal or greater 
                conservation, wildlife, ecological, and economic 
                values, as determined by the Secretary; and
            ``(2) provide for the modification of an easement under the 
        covered program if the Secretary determines that the 
        modification--
                    ``(A) would facilitate the practical administration 
                and management of the land covered by the easement; and
                    ``(B) would not adversely affect the functions and 
                values for which the easement was established.
    ``(c) Requirements.--
            ``(1) No effect on enrolled acreage, ecological functions 
        and values.--A modification or exchange under subsection (b) 
        shall not--
                    ``(A) result in a net loss of acreage enrolled in 
                the covered program; or
                    ``(B) adversely affect any ecological or 
                conservation function or value for which the applicable 
                easement was established.
            ``(2) Exchanged acres.--Any land for which an exchange is 
        made under subsection (b) shall satisfy all requirements for 
        enrollment in the covered program.
            ``(3) Restriction on payments.--In modifying any easement 
        under the covered program, the Secretary shall not increase any 
        payment to any party to the easement.
    ``(d) Costs.--A party to an easement under the covered program that 
requests a modification or exchange under subsection (b) shall be 
responsible for all costs of the modification or exchange, including--
            ``(1) an appraisal to determine whether the economic value 
        of the land for which an exchange is made under subsection (b) 
        is equal to or greater than the value of the land removed from 
        the covered program;
            ``(2) the repayment of the costs paid by the Secretary for 
        any restoration of land removed from the covered program;
            ``(3) if applicable, a survey of property boundaries, 
        including review and approval by the applicable agency;
            ``(4) preparation and recording in accordance with standard 
        real estate practices of any exchange, including requirements 
        for title approval by the Secretary, subordination of liens, 
        and amended warranty easement deed recording; and
            ``(5) any applicable recording and legal fees.''.

                 Subtitle E--Funding and Administration

SEC. 2501. FUNDING.

    (a) In General.--Section 1241(a) of the Food Security Act of 1985 
(16 U.S.C. 3841(a)) is amended--
            (1) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), by striking 
        ``2018 (and fiscal year 2019 in the case of the program 
        specified in paragraph (5))'' and inserting ``2023'';
            (2) in paragraph (1)--
                    (A) in subparagraph (A), by striking ``$10,000,000 
                for the period of fiscal years 2014 through 2018'' and 
                inserting ``$11,000,000 for the period of fiscal years 
                2019 through 2023''; and
                    (B) in subparagraph (B)--
                            (i) by striking ``$33,000,000 for the 
                        period of fiscal years 2014 through 2018'' and 
                        inserting ``$50,000,000 for the period of 
                        fiscal years 2019 through 2023, including not 
                        more than $5,000,000 to provide outreach and 
                        technical assistance,''; and
                            (ii) by striking ``retired or retiring 
                        owners and operators'' and inserting ``contract 
                        holders'';
            (3) in paragraph (2), by striking subparagraphs (A) through 
        (E) and inserting the following:
                    ``(A) $400,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2019 
                through 2021;
                    ``(B) $425,000,000 for fiscal year 2022; and
                    ``(C) $450,000,000 for fiscal year 2023.''; and
            (4) in paragraph (5), by striking subparagraphs (A) through 
        (E) and inserting the following:
                    ``(A) $1,473,000,000 for fiscal year 2019;
                    ``(B) $1,478,000,000 for fiscal year 2020;
                    ``(C) $1,541,000,000 for fiscal year 2021;
                    ``(D) $1,571,000,000 for fiscal year 2022; and
                    ``(E) $1,595,000,000 for fiscal year 2023.''.
    (b) Availability of Funds.--Section 1241(b) of the Food Security 
Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3841(b)) is amended by striking ``2018 (and 
fiscal year 2019 in the case of the program specified in subsection 
(a)(5))'' and inserting ``2023''.
    (c) Allocations Review and Update.--Section 1241(g) of the Food 
Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3841(g)) is amended by striking 
``Review and Update'' in the subsection heading and all that follows 
through ``The Secretary'' in paragraph (2) and inserting ``Update.--The 
Secretary''.
    (d) Assistance to Certain Farmers or Ranchers for Conservation 
Access.--Section 1241(h)(1) of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 
3841(h)(1)) is amended--
            (1) in the matter preceding subparagraph (A), by striking 
        ``2018'' and inserting ``2023''; and
            (2) by striking ``5 percent'' each place it appears and 
        inserting ``15 percent''.
    (e) Conservation Standards and Requirements.--Section 1241 of the 
Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3841) is amended by adding at the 
end the following:
    ``(j) Conservation Standards and Requirements.--
            ``(1) In general.--Subject to the requirements of this 
        title, the Natural Resources Conservation Service shall serve 
        as the lead agency in developing and establishing technical 
        standards and requirements for conservation programs carried 
        out under this title, including--
                    ``(A) standards for conservation practices under 
                this title;
                    ``(B) technical guidelines for implementing 
                conservation practices under this title, including the 
                location of the conservation practices;
                    ``(C) standards for conservation plans; and
                    ``(D) payment rates for conservation practices and 
                activities under programs carried out under this title.
            ``(2) Consistency of farm service agency standards.--The 
        Administrator of the Farm Service Agency shall ensure that the 
        standards and requirements of programs administered by the Farm 
        Service Agency incorporate and are consistent with the 
        standards and requirements established by the Natural Resources 
        Conservation Service under paragraph (1).
            ``(3) Local flexibility.--The Secretary shall establish a 
        procedure to allow, on request of a State committee of the Farm 
        Service Agency or a State technical committee established under 
        section 1261(a) to modify any standard or requirement 
        established under paragraph (1), that modification if the 
        modification--
                    ``(A) addresses a specific and local natural 
                resource concern;
                    ``(B) is based on science; and
                    ``(C) maintains the conservation benefits of the 
                standards and requirements established under paragraph 
                (1).''.

SEC. 2502. DELIVERY OF TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE.

    Section 1242 of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3842) is 
amended--
            (1) in subsection (a)--
                    (A) by striking the subsection designation and 
                heading and all that follows through ``the term'' and 
                inserting the following:
    ``(a) Definitions.--In this section:
            ``(1) Eligible participant.--The term''; and
                    (B) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(2) Third-party provider.--The term `third-party 
        provider' means a commercial entity (including a farmer 
        cooperative, agriculture retailer, or other commercial entity, 
        as determined by the Secretary), a nonprofit entity, a State, a 
        unit of local government (including a conservation district), 
        or a Federal agency, that has expertise in the technical aspect 
        of conservation planning, including nutrient management 
        planning, watershed planning, or environmental engineering.'';
            (2) in subsection (e), by adding at the end the following:
            ``(4) Certification process.--The Secretary shall certify a 
        third-party provider through--
                    ``(A) a certification process administered by the 
                Secretary, acting through the Chief of the Natural 
                Resources Conservation Service; or
                    ``(B) a non-Federal entity approved by the 
                Secretary to perform the certification.
            ``(5) Streamlined certification.--The Secretary shall 
        provide a streamlined certification process for a third-party 
        provider that has an appropriate specialty certification, 
        including a sustainability specialty certification and a 4R 
        nutrient management specialty certification from the American 
        Society of Agronomy.''; and
            (3) in subsection (h)--
                    (A) by striking paragraph (3) and inserting the 
                following:
            ``(3) Expedited revision of standards.--Not later than 1 
        year after the date of enactment of the Agriculture Improvement 
        Act of 2018, the Secretary shall develop an administrative 
        process for--
                    ``(A) expediting the establishment and revision of 
                conservation practice standards; and
                    ``(B) considering conservation innovations with 
                respect to any establishment or revision under 
                subparagraph (A).
            ``(4) Report.--Not later than 2 years after the date of 
        enactment of the Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018, and every 
        2 years thereafter, the Secretary shall submit to Congress a 
        report on--
                    ``(A) the administrative process developed under 
                paragraph (3);
                    ``(B) conservation practice standards that were 
                established or revised under that process; and
                    ``(C) conservation innovations that were considered 
                under that process.''.

SEC. 2503. ADMINISTRATIVE REQUIREMENTS FOR CONSERVATION PROGRAMS.

    (a) Incentives for Acequias.--Section 1244(a) of the Food Security 
Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3844(a)) is amended--
            (1) in the subsection heading, by striking ``Ranchers and 
        Indian Tribes'' and inserting ``Ranchers, Indian Tribes, and 
        Acequias''; and
            (2) in paragraph (2), by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(F) Acequias.''.
    (b) Acreage Limitations.--Section 1244(f) of the Food Security Act 
of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3844(f)) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (1)(B), by striking ``10'' and inserting 
        ``15''; and
            (2) in paragraph (5), by striking ``the Agricultural Act of 
        2014'' and inserting ``the Agriculture Improvement Act of 
        2018''.
    (c) Funding for Indian Tribes.--Section 1244(l) of the Food 
Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3844(l)) is amended by striking ``may'' 
and inserting ``shall''.
    (d) Exemption From Certain Reporting Requirements.--Section 1244(m) 
of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3844(m)) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (1), by inserting ``or commodity'' after 
        ``conservation''; and
            (2) in paragraph (2), by inserting ``or the Farm Service 
        Agency'' before the period at the end.
    (e) Source Water Protection.--Section 1244 of the Food Security Act 
of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3844) (as amended by section 2425(d)) is amended by 
adding at the end the following:
    ``(o) Source Water Protection.--
            ``(1) In general.--In carrying out the conservation 
        stewardship program under subchapter B of chapter 2 of subtitle 
        D and the environmental quality incentives program under 
        chapter 4 of subtitle D, the Secretary shall encourage water 
        quality and water quantity practices that--
                    ``(A) protect sources of potable water, including 
                protecting against public health threats; and
                    ``(B) mutually benefit agricultural producers.
            ``(2) Collaboration and payments.--In encouraging practices 
        under paragraph (1), the Secretary shall--
                    ``(A) work collaboratively with drinking water 
                utilities, community water systems, and State technical 
                committees established under section 1261 to identify 
                local priority areas for the protection of source 
                waters for drinking water; and
                    ``(B) subject to limitations under the programs 
                described in paragraph (1), provide payment rates to 
                producers for water quality practices or enhancements 
                that primarily result in off-farm benefit at a rate 
                sufficient to encourage greater adoption of those 
                practices or enhancements by producers.''.
    (f) Payments Made to Acequias.--Section 1244 of the Food Security 
Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3844) (as amended by subsection (e)) is amended 
by adding at the end the following:
    ``(p) Payments Made to Acequias.--
            ``(1) Waiver authority.--The Secretary may waive the 
        applicability of the limitations in section 1001D(b) or section 
        1240G for a payment made under a contract under this title 
        entered into with an acequia if the Secretary determines that 
        the waiver is necessary to fulfill the objectives of the 
        project under the contract.
            ``(2) Contract limitations.--If the Secretary grants a 
        waiver under paragraph (1), the Secretary shall impose a 
        separate payment limitation, as determined by the Secretary, 
        for the contract to which the waiver applies.''.

SEC. 2504. DEFINITION OF ACEQUIA.

    (a) In General.--Section 1201(a) of the Food Security Act of 1985 
(16 U.S.C. 3801(a)) is amended--
            (1) by redesignating paragraphs (1) through (27) as 
        paragraphs (2) through (28), respectively;
            (2) by inserting before paragraph (2) (as so redesignated) 
        the following:
            ``(1) Acequia.--The term `acequia' means an entity that--
                    ``(A) is a political subdivision of a State;
                    ``(B) is organized for the purpose of managing the 
                operation of an irrigation ditch; and
                    ``(C) does not have the authority to impose taxes 
                or levies.''; and
            (3) in paragraph (19)(B) (as so redesignated), by inserting 
        ``acequia,'' before ``or other''.
    (b) Conforming Amendments.--Section 363 of the Consolidated Farm 
and Rural Development Act (7 U.S.C. 2006e) is amended--
            (1) by striking ``section 1201(a)(16)'' and inserting 
        ``section 1201(a)''; and
            (2) by striking ``(16 U.S.C. 3801(a)(16))'' and inserting 
        ``(16 U.S.C. 3801(a))''.

SEC. 2505. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS FOR WATER BANK PROGRAM.

    Section 11 of the Water Bank Act (16 U.S.C. 1310) is amended--
            (1) in the first sentence, by striking ``without fiscal 
        year'' and all that follows through ``necessary'' and inserting 
        ``$5,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2019 through 2023, to 
        remain available until expended,''; and
            (2) by striking the second sentence.

SEC. 2506. REPORT ON LAND ACCESS, TENURE, AND TRANSITION.

    Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act, the 
Secretary of Agriculture, in consultation with the Chief Economist, 
shall submit to Congress and make publicly available a report 
identifying--
            (1) the barriers that prevent or hinder the ability of 
        beginning farmers and ranchers and historically underserved 
        producers to acquire or access farmland;
            (2) the extent to which Federal programs, including 
        agricultural conservation easement programs, land transition 
        programs, and financing programs, are improving--
                    (A) farmland access and tenure for beginning 
                farmers and ranchers and historically underserved 
                producers; and
                    (B) farmland transition and succession; and
            (3) the regulatory, operational, or statutory changes that 
        are necessary to improve--
                    (A) the ability of beginning farmers and ranchers 
                and historically underserved producers to acquire or 
                access farmland;
                    (B) farmland tenure for beginning farmers and 
                ranchers and historically underserved producers; and
                    (C) farmland transition and succession.

SEC. 2507. REPORT ON SMALL WETLANDS.

    (a) In General.--The Chief of the Natural Resources Conservation 
Service shall submit to Congress a report describing the number of 
wetlands with an area not more than 1 acre that have been delineated in 
each of the States of North Dakota, South Dakota, Minnesota, and Iowa.
    (b) Requirement.--In the report under subsection (a), the Chief of 
the Natural Resources Conservation Service shall list the number of 
wetlands acres in each State described in the report by tenths of an 
acre, and ensure the report is based on based available science.

SEC. 2508. STATE TECHNICAL COMMITTEES.

    Section 1262(c) of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 
3862(c)) is amended by adding at the end the following:
            ``(3) Recommendations to secretary.--Each State technical 
        committee shall regularly review new and innovative 
        technologies and practices, including processes to conserve 
        water and improve water quality and quantity, and make 
        recommendations to the Secretary for further consideration of 
        and possible development of conservation practice standards 
        that incorporate those technologies and practices.''.

                   Subtitle F--Technical Corrections

SEC. 2601. FARMABLE WETLAND PROGRAM.

    Section 1231B(b)(2)(A)(i) of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 
U.S.C. 3831b(b)(2)(A)(i)) is amended by adding a semicolon at the end.

SEC. 2602. REPORT ON PROGRAM ENROLLMENTS AND ASSISTANCE.

    Section 1241(i) of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 
3841(i)) is amended--
            (1) by striking paragraphs (2) and (4); and
            (2) by redesignating paragraphs (3), (5), and (6) as 
        paragraphs (2), (3), and (4), respectively.

SEC. 2603. DELIVERY OF TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE.

    Section 1242 of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3842) is 
amended in subsections (e)(3)(B) and (f)(4) by striking ``third party'' 
each place it appears and inserting ``third-party''.

SEC. 2604. STATE TECHNICAL COMMITTEES.

    Section 1261(b)(2) of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 
3861(b)(2)) is amended by striking ``under section 1262(b)''.

                            TITLE III--TRADE

                     Subtitle A--Food for Peace Act

SEC. 3101. FOOD AID QUALITY.

    Section 202(h)(3) of the Food for Peace Act (7 U.S.C. 1722(h)(3)) 
is amended by striking ``2014 through 2018'' and inserting ``2019 
through 2023''.

SEC. 3102. GENERATION AND USE OF CURRENCIES BY PRIVATE VOLUNTARY 
              ORGANIZATIONS AND COOPERATIVES.

    Section 203 of the Food for Peace Act (7 U.S.C. 1723) is amended by 
striking subsection (b) and inserting the following:
    ``(b) Local Sales.--In carrying out agreements of the type referred 
to in subsection (a), the Administrator may permit private voluntary 
organizations and cooperatives to sell, in 1 or more recipient 
countries, or in 1 or more countries in the same region, commodities 
distributed under nonemergency programs under this title for each 
fiscal year to generate proceeds to be used as provided in this 
section.''.

SEC. 3103. MINIMUM LEVELS OF ASSISTANCE.

    Section 204(a) of the Food for Peace Act (7 U.S.C. 1724(a)) is 
amended in paragraphs (1) and (2) by striking ``2018'' each place it 
appears and inserting ``2023''.

SEC. 3104. FOOD AID CONSULTATIVE GROUP.

    Section 205 of the Food for Peace Act (7 U.S.C. 1725) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (d)(1), in the first sentence, by 
        striking ``45'' and inserting ``30''; and
            (2) in subsection (f), by striking ``2018'' and inserting 
        ``2023''.

SEC. 3105. OVERSIGHT, MONITORING, AND EVALUATION.

    Section 207(f)(4) of the Food for Peace Act (7 U.S.C. 1726a(f)(4)) 
is amended--
            (1) in subparagraph (A)--
                    (A) by striking ``$17,000,000'' and inserting ``1.5 
                percent, but not less than $17,000,000,''; and
                    (B) by striking ``2018'' each place it appears and 
                inserting ``2023''; and
            (2) in subparagraph (B)(i), by striking ``2018'' and 
        inserting ``2023''.

SEC. 3106. ASSISTANCE FOR STOCKPILING AND RAPID TRANSPORTATION, 
              DELIVERY, AND DISTRIBUTION OF SHELF-STABLE PREPACKAGED 
              FOODS.

    Section 208(f) of the Food for Peace Act (7 U.S.C. 1726b(f)) is 
amended by striking ``2018'' and inserting ``2023''.

SEC. 3107. ALLOWANCE OF DISTRIBUTION COSTS.

    Section 406(b)(6) of the Food for Peace Act (7 U.S.C. 1736(b)(6)) 
is amended by striking ``distribution costs'' and inserting 
``distribution costs, including the types of activities for which costs 
were paid under this subsection prior to fiscal year 2017''.

SEC. 3108. PREPOSITIONING OF AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES.

    Section 407(c)(4)(A) of the Food for Peace Act (7 U.S.C. 
1736a(c)(4)(A)) is amended by striking ``2018'' each place it appears 
and inserting ``2023''.

SEC. 3109. ANNUAL REPORT REGARDING FOOD AID PROGRAMS AND ACTIVITIES.

    Section 407(f)(1)(A) of the Food for Peace Act (7 U.S.C. 
1736a(f)(1)(A)) is amended--
            (1) by inserting ``or each separately'' after ``jointly''; 
        and
            (2) by inserting ``by the Administrator, the Secretary, or 
        both, as applicable,'' after ``Act''.

SEC. 3110. DEADLINE FOR AGREEMENTS TO FINANCE SALES OR TO PROVIDE OTHER 
              ASSISTANCE.

    Section 408 of the Food for Peace Act (7 U.S.C. 1736b) is amended 
by striking ``2018'' and inserting ``2023''.

SEC. 3111. NONEMERGENCY FOOD ASSISTANCE.

    Section 412(e) of the Food for Peace Act (7 U.S.C. 1736f(e)) is 
amended--
            (1) in the subsection heading, by striking ``Minimum Level 
        of'';
            (2) in paragraph (1), by striking ``2018'' and inserting 
        ``2023'';
            (3) in paragraph (2), by striking ``$350,000,000'' and 
        inserting ``$365,000,000''; and
            (4) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(3) Farmer-to-farmer program.--In determining the amount 
        expended for a fiscal year for nonemergency food assistance 
        programs under paragraphs (1) and (2), amounts expended for 
        that year to carry out programs under section 501 may be 
        considered amounts expended for those nonemergency food 
        assistance programs.
            ``(4) Community development funds.--In determining the 
        amount expended for a fiscal year for nonemergency food 
        assistance programs under paragraphs (1) and (2), amounts 
        expended for that year from funds appropriated to carry out 
        part I of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2151 et 
        seq.) may be considered amounts expended for those nonemergency 
        food assistance programs if the funds are made available 
        through grants or cooperative agreements that--
                    ``(A) strengthen food security in developing 
                countries; and
                    ``(B) are consistent with the goals of title II.''.

SEC. 3112. MICRONUTRIENT FORTIFICATION PROGRAMS.

    Section 415(c) of the Food for Peace Act (7 U.S.C. 1736g-2(c)) is 
amended by striking ``2018'' and inserting ``2023''.

SEC. 3113. JOHN OGONOWSKI AND DOUG BEREUTER FARMER-TO-FARMER PROGRAM.

    Section 501 of the Food for Peace Act (7 U.S.C. 1737) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (b)--
                    (A) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), by 
                inserting ``section 1342 of title 31, United States 
                Code, or'' after ``Notwithstanding''; and
                    (B) in paragraph (2), in the matter preceding 
                subparagraph (A), by inserting ``employees or staff of 
                a State cooperative institution (as defined in 
                subparagraphs (A) through (D) of section 1404(18) of 
                the National Agricultural Research, Extension, and 
                Teaching Policy Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 3103(18)),'' 
                after ``private corporations,'';
            (2) in subsection (d), in the matter preceding paragraph 
        (1), by striking ``2018'' and inserting ``2023''; and
            (3) in subsection (e)(1), in the matter preceding 
        subparagraph (A), by striking ``2018'' and inserting ``2023''.

               Subtitle B--Agricultural Trade Act of 1978

SEC. 3201. PRIORITY TRADE PROMOTION, DEVELOPMENT, AND ASSISTANCE.

    (a) In General.--Title II of the Agricultural Trade Act of 1978 (7 
U.S.C. 5621 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the following:

  ``Subtitle C--Priority Trade Promotion, Development, and Assistance

``SEC. 221. ESTABLISHMENT.

    ``The Secretary shall carry out activities under this subtitle--
            ``(1) to access, develop, maintain, and expand markets for 
        United States agricultural commodities; and
            ``(2) to promote cooperation and the exchange of 
        information.

``SEC. 222. MARKET ACCESS PROGRAM.

    ``(a) In General.--The Commodity Credit Corporation shall establish 
and carry out a program to encourage the development, maintenance, and 
expansion of commercial export markets for agricultural commodities 
(including commodities that are organically produced (as defined in 
section 2103 of the Organic Foods Production Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 
6502))) through cost-share assistance to eligible trade organizations 
that implement a foreign market development program.
    ``(b) Type of Assistance.--Assistance under this section may be 
provided in the form of funds of, or commodities owned by, the 
Commodity Credit Corporation, as determined appropriate by the 
Secretary.
    ``(c) Requirements for Participation.--To be eligible for cost-
share assistance under this section, an organization shall--
            ``(1) be an eligible trade organization;
            ``(2) prepare and submit a marketing plan to the Secretary 
        that meets the guidelines governing such plans established by 
        the Secretary; and
            ``(3) meet any other requirements established by the 
        Secretary.
    ``(d) Eligible Trade Organizations.--An eligible trade organization 
shall be--
            ``(1) a United States agricultural trade organization or 
        regional State-related organization that--
                    ``(A) promotes the export and sale of agricultural 
                commodities; and
                    ``(B) does not stand to profit directly from 
                specific sales of agricultural commodities;
            ``(2) a cooperative organization or State agency that 
        promotes the sale of agricultural commodities; or
            ``(3) a private organization that promotes the export and 
        sale of agricultural commodities if the Secretary determines 
        that such organization would significantly contribute to United 
        States export market development.
    ``(e) Approved Marketing Plan.--
            ``(1) In general.--A marketing plan submitted by an 
        eligible trade organization under this section shall describe 
        the advertising or other market oriented export promotion 
        activities to be carried out by the eligible trade organization 
        with respect to which assistance under this section is being 
        requested.
            ``(2) Requirements.--To be approved by the Secretary, a 
        marketing plan submitted under this subsection shall--
                    ``(A) specifically describe the manner in which 
                assistance received by the eligible trade organization 
                in conjunction with funds and services provided by the 
                eligible trade organization will be expended in 
                implementing the marketing plan;
                    ``(B) establish specific market goals to be 
                achieved as a result of the market access program; and
                    ``(C) contain any additional requirements that the 
                Secretary determines to be necessary.
            ``(3) Amendments.--A marketing plan may be amended by the 
        eligible trade organization at any time, with the approval of 
        the Secretary.
            ``(4) Branded promotion.--An agreement entered into under 
        this section may provide for the use of branded advertising to 
        promote the sale of agricultural commodities in a foreign 
        country under such terms and conditions as may be established 
        by the Secretary.
    ``(f) Other Terms and Conditions.--
            ``(1) Multiyear basis.--The Secretary may provide 
        assistance under this section on a multiyear basis, subject to 
        annual review by the Secretary for compliance with the approved 
        marketing plan.
            ``(2) Termination of assistance.--The Secretary may 
        terminate any assistance made, or to be made, available under 
        this section if the Secretary determines that--
                    ``(A) the eligible trade organization is not 
                adhering to the terms and conditions of the program 
                established under this section;
                    ``(B) the eligible trade organization is not 
                implementing the approved marketing plan or is not 
                adequately meeting the established goals of the market 
                access program;
                    ``(C) the eligible trade organization is not 
                adequately contributing its own resources to the market 
                access program; or
                    ``(D) the Secretary determines that termination of 
                assistance in a particular instance is in the best 
                interests of the program.
            ``(3) Monitoring and evaluations.--
                    ``(A) Monitoring.--The Secretary shall monitor the 
                expenditure of funds received under this section by 
                recipients of those funds.
                    ``(B) Evaluations.--The Secretary shall make 
                evaluations of the expenditure of funds received under 
                this section, including--
                            ``(i) an evaluation of the effectiveness of 
                        the program in developing or maintaining 
                        markets for United States agricultural 
                        commodities;
                            ``(ii) an evaluation of whether assistance 
                        provided under this section is necessary to 
                        maintain markets for United States agricultural 
                        commodities; and
                            ``(iii) a thorough accounting of the 
                        expenditure of those funds by the recipient.
                    ``(C) Initial evaluation.--The Secretary shall make 
                an initial evaluation of expenditures of a recipient 
                under this paragraph not later than 15 months after the 
                initial provision of funds to the recipient.
            ``(4) Use of funds.--Funds made available to carry out this 
        section--
                    ``(A) shall not be used to provide direct 
                assistance to any foreign for-profit corporation for 
                the use of the corporation in promoting foreign-
                produced products;
                    ``(B) shall not be used to provide direct 
                assistance to any for-profit corporation that is not 
                recognized as a small-business concern described in 
                section 3(a) of the Small Business Act (15 U.S.C. 
                632(a)), excluding--
                            ``(i) a cooperative;
                            ``(ii) an association described in the 
                        first section of the Act entitled `An Act to 
                        authorize association of producers of 
                        agricultural products', approved February 18, 
                        1922 (7 U.S.C. 291); and
                            ``(iii) a nonprofit trade association; and
                    ``(C) may be used by a United States trade 
                association, cooperative, or small business for 
                individual branded promotional activity related to a 
                United States branded product, if the beneficiaries of 
                the activity have provided funds for the activity in an 
                amount that is at least equivalent to the amount of 
                assistance provided under this section.
    ``(g) Level of Marketing Assistance.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall justify in writing 
        the level of assistance provided to an eligible trade 
        organization under the program under this section and the level 
        of cost-sharing required of the organization.
            ``(2) Limitation.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Except as provided in 
                subparagraph (B), assistance provided under this 
                section for activities described in subsection (e)(4) 
                shall not exceed 50 percent of the cost of implementing 
                the marketing plan.
                    ``(B) Action by united states trade 
                representative.--
                            ``(i) In general.--The Secretary may 
                        determine not to apply the limitation described 
                        in subparagraph (A) in the case of agricultural 
                        commodities with respect to which there has 
                        been a favorable decision by the United States 
                        Trade Representative under section 301 of the 
                        Trade Act of 1974 (19 U.S.C. 2411).
                            ``(ii) Requirement.--Criteria for 
                        determining that the limitation shall not apply 
                        under clause (i) shall be consistent and 
                        documented.

``SEC. 223. FOREIGN MARKET DEVELOPMENT COOPERATOR PROGRAM.

    ``(a) Definition of Eligible Trade Organization.--In this section, 
the term `eligible trade organization' means a United States trade 
organization that--
            ``(1) promotes the export of 1 or more United States 
        agricultural commodities; and
            ``(2) does not have a business interest in or receive 
        remuneration from specific sales of agricultural commodities.
    ``(b) Establishment.--The Secretary shall establish and, in 
cooperation with eligible trade organizations, carry out a foreign 
market development cooperator program to maintain and develop foreign 
markets for United States agricultural commodities, with a continued 
significant emphasis on the importance of the export of value-added 
United States agricultural commodities into emerging markets.
    ``(c) Use of Funds.--Funds made available to carry out this section 
shall be used only to provide--
            ``(1) cost-share assistance to an eligible trade 
        organization under a contract or agreement with the eligible 
        trade organization; and
            ``(2) assistance for other costs that are appropriate to 
        carry out the foreign market development cooperator program, 
        including contingent liabilities that are not otherwise funded.

``SEC. 224. E (KIKA) DE LA GARZA AGRICULTURAL FELLOWSHIP PROGRAM.

    ``(a) Definition of Emerging Market.--In this section, the term 
`emerging market' means any country, foreign territory, customs union, 
or other economic market that the Secretary determines--
            ``(1) is taking steps toward a market-oriented economy 
        through the food, agriculture, or rural business sectors of the 
        economy of that country, territory, customs union, or other 
        economic market, as applicable; and
            ``(2) has the potential to provide a viable and significant 
        market for United States agricultural commodities.
    ``(b) Establishment.--The Secretary shall establish a program, to 
be known as the `E (Kika) de la Garza Agricultural Fellowship 
Program'--
            ``(1) to develop agricultural markets in emerging markets; 
        and
            ``(2) to promote cooperation and exchange of information 
        between agricultural institutions and agribusinesses in the 
        United States and emerging markets.
    ``(c) Development of Agricultural Systems.--
            ``(1) In general.--
                    ``(A) Establishment of program.--To develop, 
                maintain, or expand markets for exports of United 
                States agricultural commodities, the Secretary shall 
                make available to emerging markets the expertise of the 
                United States--
                            ``(i) to make assessments of food and rural 
                        business systems needs;
                            ``(ii) to make recommendations on measures 
                        necessary to enhance the effectiveness of the 
                        food and rural business systems described in 
                        clause (i), including potential reductions in 
                        trade barriers; and
                            ``(iii) to identify and carry out specific 
                        opportunities and projects to enhance the 
                        effectiveness of the food and rural business 
                        systems described in clause (i).
                    ``(B) Extent of program.--The Secretary shall 
                implement this paragraph with respect to at least 3 
                emerging markets in each fiscal year.
            ``(2) Experts from the united states.--The Secretary may 
        implement paragraph (1) by providing--
                    ``(A) assistance to teams (consisting primarily of 
                agricultural consultants, agricultural producers, other 
                persons from the private sector, and government 
                officials expert in assessing the food and rural 
                business systems of other countries) to enable those 
                teams to conduct the assessments, make the 
                recommendations, and identify the opportunities and 
                projects described in paragraph (1)(A) in emerging 
                markets;
                    ``(B) necessary subsistence expenses in the United 
                States and necessary transportation expenses by 
                individuals designated by emerging markets to enable 
                those individuals to consult with food and rural 
                business system experts in the United States to enhance 
                those systems of those emerging markets;
                    ``(C) necessary subsistence expenses in emerging 
                markets and necessary transportation expenses of United 
                States food and rural business system experts, 
                agricultural producers, and other individuals 
                knowledgeable in agricultural and agribusiness matters 
                to assist in transferring knowledge and expertise to 
                entities in emerging markets; and
                    ``(D) necessary subsistence expenses and necessary 
                transportation expenses of United States food and rural 
                business system experts, including United States 
                agricultural producers and other United States 
                individuals knowledgeable in agriculture and 
                agribusiness matters, and of individuals designated by 
                emerging markets, to enable those designated 
                individuals to consult with those United States 
                experts--
                            ``(i) to enhance food and rural business 
                        systems of emerging markets; and
                            ``(ii) to transfer knowledge and expertise 
                        to emerging markets.
            ``(3) Cost-sharing.--The Secretary shall encourage the 
        nongovernmental experts described in paragraph (2) to share the 
        costs of, and otherwise assist in, the participation of those 
        experts in the program under this subsection.
            ``(4) Technical assistance.--The Secretary is authorized to 
        provide, or pay the necessary costs for, technical assistance 
        (including the establishment of extension services) to enable 
        individuals or other entities to carry out recommendations, 
        projects, and opportunities in emerging markets, including 
        recommendations, projects, and opportunities described in 
        clauses (ii) and (iii) of paragraph (1)(A).
            ``(5) Reports to secretary.--A team that receives 
        assistance under paragraph (2)(A) shall prepare and submit to 
        the Secretary such reports as the Secretary may require.
            ``(6) Advisory committee.--To provide the Secretary with 
        information that may be useful to the Secretary in carrying out 
        this subsection, the Secretary may establish an advisory 
        committee composed of representatives of the various sectors of 
        the food and rural business systems of the United States.
            ``(7) Effect.--The authority provided under this subsection 
        shall be in addition to and not in place of any other authority 
        of the Secretary or the Commodity Credit Corporation.

``SEC. 225. TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE FOR SPECIALTY CROPS.

    ``(a) Establishment.--The Secretary of Agriculture shall establish 
an export assistance program (referred to in this section as the 
`program') to address existing or potential unique barriers that 
prohibit or threaten the export of United States specialty crops.
    ``(b) Purpose.--The program shall provide direct assistance through 
public and private sector projects and technical assistance, including 
through the program under section 2(e) of the Competitive, Special, and 
Facilities Research Grant Act (7 U.S.C. 3157(e)), to remove, resolve, 
or mitigate existing or potential sanitary and phytosanitary and 
technical barriers to trade.
    ``(c) Priority.--The program shall address time sensitive and 
strategic market access projects based on--
            ``(1) trade effect on market retention, market access, and 
        market expansion; and
            ``(2) trade impact.
    ``(d) Multiyear Projects.--The Secretary may provide assistance 
under the program to a project for longer than a 5-year period if the 
Secretary determines that further assistance would effectively support 
the purpose of the program described in subsection (b).
    ``(e) Annual Report.--Each year, the Secretary shall submit to the 
appropriate committees of Congress a report that contains, for the 
period covered by the report, a description of--
            ``(1) each factor that affects the export of specialty 
        crops, including each factor relating to any--
                    ``(A) significant sanitary or phytosanitary issue;
                    ``(B) trade barrier; or
                    ``(C) emerging sanitary or phytosanitary issue or 
                trade barrier; and
            ``(2)(A) any funds provided under section 226(c)(4) that 
        were not obligated in a fiscal year; and
            ``(B) a description of why the funds described in 
        subparagraph (A) were not obligated.

``SEC. 226. FUNDING AND ADMINISTRATION.

    ``(a) Commodity Credit Corporation.--The Secretary shall use the 
funds, facilities, and authorities of the Commodity Credit Corporation 
to carry out this subtitle.
    ``(b) Funding Amount.--For each of fiscal years 2019 through 2023, 
of the funds of, or an equal value of commodities owned by, the 
Commodity Credit Corporation, the Secretary shall use to carry out this 
subtitle $259,500,000, to remain available until expended.
    ``(c) Allocation.--For each of fiscal years 2019 through 2023, the 
Secretary shall allocate funds to carry out this subtitle in accordance 
with the following:
            ``(1) Market access program.--For market access activities 
        authorized under section 222, of the funds of, or an equal 
        value of commodities owned by, the Commodity Credit 
        Corporation, not less than $200,000,000 for each fiscal year.
            ``(2) Foreign market development cooperator program.--To 
        carry out section 223, of the funds of, or an equal value of 
        commodities owned by, the Commodity Credit Corporation, not 
        less than $34,500,000 for each fiscal year.
            ``(3) E (kika) de la garza agricultural fellowship 
        program.--To provide assistance under section 224, of the funds 
        of the Commodity Credit Corporation, not more than $10,000,000 
        for each fiscal year.
            ``(4) Technical assistance for specialty crops.--To carry 
        out section 225, of the funds of the Commodity Credit 
        Corporation, not less than $9,000,000 for each fiscal year, to 
        remain available until expended.
            ``(5) Priority trade fund.--
                    ``(A) In general.--In addition to the amounts 
                allocated under paragraphs (1) through (4), and 
                notwithstanding any limitations in those paragraphs, as 
                determined by the Secretary, for 1 or more programs 
                under this subtitle for authorized activities to 
                access, develop, maintain, and expand markets for 
                United States agricultural commodities, $6,000,000 for 
                each fiscal year.
                    ``(B) Considerations.--In allocating funds made 
                available under subparagraph (A), the Secretary may 
                consider providing a greater allocation to 1 or more 
                programs under this subtitle for which the amounts 
                requested under applications exceed available funding 
                for the 1 or more programs.
    ``(d) Cuba.--Notwithstanding section 908 of the Trade Sanctions 
Reform and Export Enhancement Act of 2000 (22 U.S.C. 7207) or any other 
provision of law, funds made available under this section may be used 
to carry out the programs authorized under sections 222 and 223 in 
Cuba. Funds may not be used as described in the previous sentence in 
contravention with directives set forth under the National Security 
Presidential Memorandum entitled `Strengthening the Policy of the 
United States Toward Cuba' issued by the President on June 16, 2017, 
during the period in which that memorandum is in effect.
    ``(e) Authorization for Appropriations.--In addition to any other 
amounts provided under this section, there are authorized to be 
appropriated such sums as are necessary to carry out the programs and 
authorities under subsection (c)(5) and sections 222 through 225.''.
    (b) Conforming Amendments.--
            (1) Market access program.--
                    (A) Section 203 of the Agricultural Trade Act of 
                1978 (7 U.S.C. 5623) is repealed.
                    (B) Section 211 of the Agricultural Trade Act of 
                1978 (7 U.S.C. 5641) is amended by striking subsection 
                (c).
                    (C) Section 402(a)(1) of the Agricultural Trade Act 
                of 1978 (7 U.S.C. 5662(a)(1)) is amended by striking 
                ``203'' and inserting ``222''.
                    (D) Section 282(f)(2)(C) of the Agricultural 
                Marketing Act of 1946 (7 U.S.C. 1638a(f)(2)(C)) is 
                amended by striking ``section 203 of the Agricultural 
                Trade Act of 1978 (7 U.S.C. 5623)'' and inserting 
                ``section 222 of the Agricultural Trade Act of 1978''.
                    (E) Section 718 of the Agriculture, Rural 
                Development, Food and Drug Administration, and Related 
                Agencies Appropriations Act, 1999 (7 U.S.C. 5623 note; 
                Public Law 105-277) is amended by striking ``section 
                203 of the Agricultural Trade Act of 1978 (7 U.S.C. 
                5623)'' and inserting ``section 222 of the Agricultural 
                Trade Act of 1978''.
                    (F) Section 1302(b) of the Agricultural 
                Reconciliation Act of 1993 (7 U.S.C. 5623 note; Public 
                Law 103-66) is amended--
                            (i) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), 
                        by striking ``section 203 of the Agricultural 
                        Trade Act of 1978 (7 U.S.C. 5623)'' and 
                        inserting ``section 222 of the Agricultural 
                        Trade Act of 1978''; and
                            (ii) in paragraph (2), in the matter 
                        preceding subparagraph (A), by striking 
                        ``section 203 of such Act'' and inserting 
                        ``section 222 of that Act''.
            (2) Foreign market development cooperator program.--Title 
        VII of the Agricultural Trade Act of 1978 (7 U.S.C. 5721 et 
        seq.) is repealed.
            (3) E (kika) de la garza agricultural fellowship program.--
                    (A) Section 1542 of the Food, Agriculture, 
                Conservation, and Trade Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C 5622 note; 
                Public Law 101-624) is amended--
                            (i) by striking subsection (d);
                            (ii) by redesignating subsections (e) and 
                        (f) as subsections (d) and (e), respectively; 
                        and
                            (iii) in subsection (e) (as so 
                        redesignated)--
                                    (I) in the matter preceding 
                                paragraph (1), by striking ``country'' 
                                and inserting ``country, foreign 
                                territory, customs union, or economic 
                                market''; and
                                    (II) in paragraph (1), by striking 
                                ``the country'' and inserting ``that 
                                country, foreign territory, customs 
                                union, or economic market, as 
                                applicable''.
                    (B) Section 1543(b)(5) of the Food, Agriculture, 
                Conservation, and Trade Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 
                3293(b)(5)) is amended by striking ``section 1542(f)'' 
                and inserting ``section 1542(e)''.
                    (C) Section 1543A(c)(2) of the Food, Agriculture, 
                Conservation, and Trade Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 
                5679(c)(2)) is amended by inserting ``and section 224 
                of the Agricultural Trade Act of 1978'' after ``section 
                1542''.
            (4) Technical assistance for specialty crops.--Section 3205 
        of the Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002 (7 U.S.C. 
        5680) is repealed.

               Subtitle C--Other Agricultural Trade Laws

SEC. 3301. FOOD FOR PROGRESS ACT OF 1985.

    The Food for Progress Act of 1985 (7 U.S.C. 1736o) is amended--
            (1) by striking ``President'' each place it appears and 
        inserting ``Secretary'';
            (2) in subsection (b)--
                    (A) in paragraph (5)--
                            (i) in subparagraph (E), by striking 
                        ``and'';
                            (ii) in subparagraph (F), by striking the 
                        period at the end and inserting ``; and''; and
                            (iii) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(G) a land-grant college or university (as 
                defined in section 1404 of the National Agricultural 
                Research, Extension, and Teaching Policy Act of 1977 (7 
                U.S.C. 3103)).''; and
                    (B) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(10) Secretary.--The term `Secretary' means the Secretary 
        of Agriculture.'';
            (3) in subsection (c)--
                    (A) by striking ``food'';
                    (B) by striking ``entities to furnish'' and 
                inserting the following: ``entities--
            ``(1) to furnish'';
                    (C) in paragraph (1) (as so designated), by 
                striking the period at the end and inserting ``; or''; 
                and
                    (D) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(2) to provide financial assistance under subsection 
        (l)(5) to eligible entities.'';
            (4) in subsection (f)(3), by striking ``2018'' and 
        inserting ``2023'';
            (5) in subsection (g), by striking ``2018'' and inserting 
        ``2023'';
            (6) in subsection (k), by striking ``2018'' and inserting 
        ``2023'';
            (7) in subsection (l)--
                    (A) by striking the subsection designation and 
                heading and all that follows through ``(1) To enhance'' 
                and inserting the following:
    ``(l) Support for Agricultural Development.--
            ``(1) In general.--To enhance'';
                    (B) in paragraph (1), by striking ``2018'' and 
                inserting ``2023'';
                    (C) in paragraph (4)(B), by inserting ``internal'' 
                before ``transportation''; and
                    (D) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(5) Flexibility.--Notwithstanding any other provision of 
        law, as necessary to carry out this section, the following 
        funds shall be used to pay for the costs described in paragraph 
        (4):
                    ``(A) Of the funds of the Corporation described in 
                subsection (f)(3), 30 percent.
                    ``(B) Of the funds for administrative expenses 
                under paragraph (1), 30 percent.
                    ``(C) Of the funds of the Corporation, $26,000,000 
                for each of fiscal years 2019 through 2023.'';
            (8) in subsection (m), in the subsection heading, by 
        striking ``Presidential'' and inserting ``Secretarial'';
            (9) in subsection (n)--
                    (A) in paragraph (1)--
                            (i) in subparagraph (A), in the matter 
                        preceding clause (i), by inserting ``and 
                        assistance'' after ``commodities''; and
                            (ii) in subparagraph (B), by inserting 
                        ``and assistance made available under this 
                        section'' after ``commodities''; and
                    (B) by striking paragraph (2) and inserting the 
                following:
            ``(2) Requirements.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Not later than 270 days after 
                the date of enactment of the Agriculture Improvement 
                Act of 2018, the Secretary shall issue regulations and 
                revisions to agency guidance and procedures necessary 
                to implement the amendments made to this section by 
                that Act.
                    ``(B) Consultations.--Not later than 270 days after 
                the date of enactment of the Agriculture Improvement 
                Act of 2018, the Secretary shall consult with the 
                Committee on Agriculture and the Committee on Foreign 
                Affairs of the House of Representatives and the 
                Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of 
                the Senate relating to regulations issued and agency 
                guidance and procedures revised under subparagraph 
                (A).''; and
            (10) in subsection (o), in the matter preceding paragraph 
        (1), by striking ``(acting through the Secretary)''.

SEC. 3302. BILL EMERSON HUMANITARIAN TRUST ACT.

    Section 302 of the Bill Emerson Humanitarian Trust Act (7 U.S.C. 
1736f-1) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (b)(2)(B)(i), by striking ``2018'' each 
        place it appears and inserting ``2023''; and
            (2) in subsection (h), by striking ``2018'' each place it 
        appears and inserting ``2023''.

SEC. 3303. PROMOTION OF AGRICULTURAL EXPORTS TO EMERGING MARKETS.

    Section 1542(a) of the Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade 
Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 5622 note; Public Law 101-624) is amended by 
striking ``2018'' and inserting ``2023''.

SEC. 3304. COCHRAN EMERGING MARKET FELLOWSHIP PROGRAM.

    Section 1543 of the Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act 
of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 3293) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (c)--
                    (A) in paragraph (1), by inserting ``(which may 
                include agricultural extension services)'' after 
                ``systems''; and
                    (B) in paragraph (2)--
                            (i) by striking ``enhance trade'' and 
                        inserting the following: ``enhance--
                    ``(A) trade'';
                            (ii) in subparagraph (A) (as so designated) 
                        by striking the period at the end and inserting 
                        ``; or''; and
                            (iii) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(B) linkages between agricultural interests in 
                the United States and regulatory systems governing 
                sanitary and phytosanitary standards for agricultural 
                products that--
                            ``(i) may enter the United States; and
                            ``(ii) may pose risks to human, animal, or 
                        plant life or health.''; and
            (2) in subsection (f)--
                    (A) in paragraph (1), by striking ``$3,000,000'' 
                and inserting ``$4,000,000'';
                    (B) in paragraph (2), by striking ``$2,000,000'' 
                and inserting ``$3,000,000''; and
                    (C) in paragraph (3), by striking ``$5,000,000'' 
                and inserting ``$6,000,000''.

SEC. 3305. BORLAUG INTERNATIONAL AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 
              FELLOWSHIP PROGRAM.

    Section 1473G of the National Agricultural Research, Extension, and 
Teaching Policy Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 3319j) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (c)(2)--
                    (A) in the matter preceding subparagraph (A), by 
                striking ``shall support'' and inserting ``support'';
                    (B) in subparagraph (C), by striking ``and'' at the 
                end;
                    (C) in subparagraph (D), by striking the period at 
                the end and inserting ``; and''; and
                    (D) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(E) the development of agricultural extension 
                services in eligible countries.''; and
            (2) in subsection (f)--
                    (A) by striking ``The Secretary'' and inserting the 
                following:
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary''; and
                    (B) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(2) Leveraging alumni engagement.--In carrying out the 
        purposes and programs under this section, the Secretary shall 
        encourage ongoing engagement with fellowship recipients who 
        have completed training under the program to provide advice 
        regarding, and participate in, new or ongoing agricultural 
        development projects, with a priority for capacity-building 
        projects, that are sponsored by--
                    ``(A) Federal agencies; and
                    ``(B) institutions of higher education in the 
                eligible country of the fellowship recipient.''.

SEC. 3306. INTERNATIONAL FOOD SECURITY TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE.

    The Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act of 1990 is 
amended by inserting after section 1543A (7 U.S.C. 5679) the following:

``SEC. 1543B. INTERNATIONAL FOOD SECURITY TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE.

    ``(a) Definition of International Food Security.--In this section, 
the term `international food security' means access by any person at 
any time to food and nutrition that is sufficient for a healthy and 
productive life.
    ``(b) Collection of Information.--The Secretary of Agriculture 
(referred to in this section as the `Secretary') shall compile 
information from appropriate mission areas of the Department of 
Agriculture (including the Food, Nutrition, and Consumer Services 
mission area) relating to the improvement of international food 
security.
    ``(c) Public Availability.--To benefit programs for the improvement 
of international food security, the Secretary shall organize the 
information described in subsection (b) and make the information 
available in a format suitable for--
            ``(1) public education; and
            ``(2) use by--
                    ``(A) a Federal, State, or local agency;
                    ``(B) an agency or instrumentality of the 
                government of a foreign country;
                    ``(C) a domestic or international organization, 
                including a domestic or international nongovernmental 
                organization; and
                    ``(D) an intergovernmental organization.
    ``(d) Technical Assistance.--On request by an entity described in 
subsection (c)(2), the Secretary may provide technical assistance to 
the entity to implement a program for the improvement of international 
food security.
    ``(e) Program Priority.--In carrying out this section, the 
Secretary shall give priority to programs relating to the development 
of food and nutrition safety net systems with a focus on food insecure 
countries.
    ``(f) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be 
appropriated to carry out this section $1,000,000 for each of fiscal 
years 2019 through 2023.''.

SEC. 3307. MCGOVERN-DOLE INTERNATIONAL FOOD FOR EDUCATION AND CHILD 
              NUTRITION PROGRAM.

    Section 3107 of the Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002 
(7 U.S.C. 1736o-1) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a)--
                    (A) by striking ``that is'' and inserting the 
                following: ``that--
            ``(1) is'';
                    (B) in paragraph (1) (as so designated), by 
                striking the period at the end and inserting ``; or''; 
                and
                    (C) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(2)(A) is produced in and procured from--
                    ``(i) a developing country that is a recipient 
                country; or
                    ``(ii) a developing country in the same region as a 
                recipient country; and
            ``(B) at a minimum, meets each nutritional, quality, and 
        labeling standard of the recipient country, as determined by 
        the Secretary.'';
            (2) in subsection (c)(2)(A)--
                    (A) in clause (v)(IV), by striking ``and'' at the 
                end;
                    (B) by redesignating clause (vi) as clause (vii); 
                and
                    (C) by inserting after clause (v) the following:
                            ``(vi) the costs associated with 
                        transporting the commodities described in 
                        subsection (a)(2) from a developing country 
                        described in subparagraph (A)(ii) of that 
                        subsection to any designated point of entry 
                        within the recipient country; and'';
            (3) in subsection (f)(1)--
                    (A) by redesignating subparagraphs (E) and (F) as 
                subparagraphs (F) and (G), respectively; and
                    (B) by inserting after subparagraph (D) the 
                following:
                    ``(E) ensure to the maximum extent practicable that 
                assistance--
                            ``(i) is provided under this section in a 
                        timely manner; and
                            ``(ii) is available when needed throughout 
                        the applicable school year;''; and
            (4) in subsection (l)--
                    (A) in paragraph (2), by striking ``2018'' and 
                inserting ``2023''; and
                    (B) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(4) Purchase of commodities.--Of the funds made available 
        to carry out this section, not more than 10 percent shall be 
        used to purchase agricultural commodities described in 
        subsection (a)(2).''.

SEC. 3308. GLOBAL CROP DIVERSITY TRUST.

    Section 3202(c) of the Food, Conservation, and Energy Act of 2008 
(22 U.S.C. 2220a note; Public Law 110-246) is amended by striking 
``2014 through 2018'' and inserting ``2019 through 2023''.

SEC. 3309. LOCAL AND REGIONAL FOOD AID PROCUREMENT PROJECTS.

    Section 3206(e)(1) of the Food, Conservation, and Energy Act of 
2008 (7 U.S.C. 1726c(e)(1)) is amended--
            (1) by inserting ``to the Secretary'' after 
        ``appropriated''; and
            (2) by striking ``2014 through 2018'' and inserting ``2019 
        through 2023''.

SEC. 3310. FOREIGN TRADE MISSIONS.

    (a) Tribal Representation on Trade Missions.--
            (1) In general.--The Secretary, in consultation with the 
        Tribal Advisory Committee established under subsection (b)(2) 
        of section 309 of the Department of Agriculture Reorganization 
        Act of 1994 (7 U.S.C. 6921) (as added by section 12304(2)) 
        (referred to in this section as the ``Advisory Committee''), 
        shall seek--
                    (A) to support the greater inclusion of Tribal 
                agricultural and food products in Federal trade-related 
                activities; and
                    (B) to increase the collaboration between Federal 
                trade promotion efforts and other Federal trade-related 
                activities in support of the greater inclusion sought 
                under subparagraph (A).
            (2) Interdepartmental coordination.--In carrying out 
        activities to increase the collaboration described in paragraph 
        (1)(B), the Secretary shall coordinate with--
                    (A) the Secretary of Commerce;
                    (B) the Secretary of State;
                    (C) the Secretary of the Interior; and
                    (D) the heads of any other relevant Federal 
                agencies.
    (b) Report; Goals.--
            (1) Report.--Not later than 2 years after the date of 
        enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall submit a report 
        describing the efforts of the Department of Agriculture and 
        other Federal agencies under this section to--
                    (A) the Advisory Committee;
                    (B) the Committee on Agriculture of the House of 
                Representatives;
                    (C) the Committee on Energy and Commerce of the 
                House of Representatives;
                    (D) the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and 
                Forestry of the Senate;
                    (E) the Committee on Commerce, Science, and 
                Transportation of the Senate; and
                    (F) the Committee on Indian Affairs of the Senate.
            (2) Goals.--Not later than 90 days after the date of 
        enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall establish goals for 
        measuring, in an objective and quantifiable format, the extent 
        to which Indian Tribes and Tribal agricultural and food 
        products are included in the trade-related activities of the 
        Department of Agriculture.

                          TITLE IV--NUTRITION

         Subtitle A--Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program

SEC. 4101. DEFINITION OF CERTIFICATION PERIOD.

    Section 3 of the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 2012) is 
amended by striking subsection (f) and inserting the following:
    ``(f) Certification Period.--
            ``(1) In general.--The term `certification period' means 
        the period for which a household shall be eligible to receive 
        benefits.
            ``(2) Time limits.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Except as provided in 
                subparagraph (C), the certification period shall not 
                exceed 12 months.
                    ``(B) Contact.--A State agency shall have at least 
                1 contact with each certified household every 12 
                months.
                    ``(C) Elderly or disabled household members.--The 
                certification period may be for a duration of--
                            ``(i) not more than 24 months if each adult 
                        household member is elderly or disabled; or
                            ``(ii) not more than 36 months if--
                                    ``(I) each adult household member 
                                is elderly or disabled; and
                                    ``(II) the household of the adult 
                                household member has no earned income 
                                at the time of certification.
                    ``(D) Extension of limit.--The limits under this 
                paragraph may be extended until the end of any 
                transitional benefit period established under section 
                11(s).''.

SEC. 4102. FOOD DISTRIBUTION PROGRAM ON INDIAN RESERVATIONS.

    (a) In General.--Section 4(b) of the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 
(7 U.S.C. 2013(b)) is amended--
            (1) by striking paragraph (4) and inserting the following:
            ``(4) Administrative costs.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall pay not less 
                than 80 percent of administrative costs and 
                distribution costs on Indian reservations as the 
                Secretary determines necessary for effective 
                administration of such distribution by a State agency 
                or tribal organization.
                    ``(B) Waiver.--The Secretary shall waive up to 100 
                percent of the non-Federal share of the costs described 
                in subparagraph (A) if the Secretary determines that--
                            ``(i) the tribal organization is 
                        financially unable to provide a greater non-
                        Federal share of the costs; or
                            ``(ii) providing a greater non-Federal 
                        share of the costs would be a substantial 
                        burden for the tribal organization.
                    ``(C) Limitation.--The Secretary may not reduce any 
                benefits or services under the food distribution 
                program on Indian reservations under this subsection to 
                any tribal organization that is granted a waiver under 
                subparagraph (B).
                    ``(D) Tribal contribution.--The Secretary may allow 
                a tribal organization to use funds provided to the 
                tribal organization through a Federal agency or other 
                Federal benefit to satisfy all or part of the non-
                Federal share of the costs described in subparagraph 
                (A) if that use is otherwise consistent with the 
                purpose of the funds.'';
            (2) in paragraph (6)(F), by striking ``2018'' and inserting 
        ``2023''; and
            (3) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(7) Availability of funds.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Funds made available for a 
                fiscal year to carry out this subsection shall remain 
                available for obligation for a period of 2 fiscal 
                years.
                    ``(B) Administrative costs.--Funds made available 
                for a fiscal year to carry out paragraph (4) shall 
                remain available for obligation by the State agency or 
                tribal organization for a period of 2 fiscal years.''.
    (b) Demonstration Project for Tribal Organizations.--
            (1) Definitions.--In this subsection:
                    (A) Demonstration project.--The term 
                ``demonstration project'' means the demonstration 
                project established under paragraph (2).
                    (B) Food distribution program.--The term ``food 
                distribution program'' means the food distribution 
                program on Indian reservations carried out under 
                section 4(b) of the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 (7 
                U.S.C. 2013(b)).
                    (C) Indian reservation.--The term ``Indian 
                reservation'' has the meaning given the term 
                ``reservation'' in section 3 of the Food and Nutrition 
                Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 2012).
                    (D) Indian tribe.--The term ``Indian tribe'' has 
                the meaning given the term in section 4 of the Indian 
                Self-Determination and Education Assistance Act (25 
                U.S.C. 5304).
                    (E) Self-determination contract.--The term ``self-
                determination contract'' has the meaning given the term 
                in section 4 of the Indian Self-Determination and 
                Education Assistance Act (25 U.S.C. 5304).
                    (F) Tribal organization.--The term ``tribal 
                organization'' has the meaning given the term in 
                section 3 of the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 (7 
                U.S.C. 2012).
            (2) Establishment.--Subject to the availability of 
        appropriations, the Secretary shall establish a demonstration 
        project under which 1 or more tribal organizations may enter 
        into self-determination contracts to purchase agricultural 
        commodities under the food distribution program for the Indian 
        reservation of that tribal organization.
            (3) Eligibility.--
                    (A) Consultation.--The Secretary shall consult with 
                the Secretary of the Interior and Indian tribes to 
                determine the process and criteria under which a tribal 
                organization may participate in the demonstration 
                project.
                    (B) Criteria.--The Secretary shall select for 
                participation in the demonstration project tribal 
                organizations that--
                            (i) are successfully administering the food 
                        distribution program of the tribal organization 
                        under section 4(b)(2)(B) of the Food and 
                        Nutrition Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 2013(b)(2)(B));
                            (ii) have the capacity to purchase 
                        agricultural commodities in accordance with 
                        paragraph (4) for the food distribution program 
                        of the tribal organization; and
                            (iii) meet any other criteria determined by 
                        the Secretary, in consultation with the 
                        Secretary of the Interior and Indian tribes.
            (4) Procurement of agricultural commodities.--Any 
        agricultural commodities purchased by a tribal organization 
        under the demonstration project shall--
                    (A) be domestically produced;
                    (B) supplant, not supplement, the type of 
                agricultural commodities in existing food packages for 
                that tribal organization;
                    (C) be of similar or higher nutritional value as 
                the type of agricultural commodities that would be 
                supplanted in the existing food package for that tribal 
                organization; and
                    (D) meet any other criteria determined by the 
                Secretary.
            (5) Report.--Not later than 1 year after the date of 
        enactment of this Act and annually thereafter, the Secretary 
        shall submit to the Committee on Agriculture of the House of 
        Representatives and the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, 
        and Forestry of the Senate a report describing the activities 
        carried out under the demonstration project during the 
        preceding year.
            (6) Funding.--
                    (A) Authorization of appropriations.--There is 
                authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry 
                out this subsection $5,000,000, to remain available 
                until expended.
                    (B) Appropriations in advance.--Only funds 
                appropriated under subparagraph (A) in advance 
                specifically to carry out this subsection shall be 
                available to carry out this subsection.
    (c) Conforming Amendment.--Section 3(v) of the Food and Nutrition 
Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 2012(v)) is amended by striking ``the Indian 
Self-Determination Act (25 U.S.C. 450b(b))'' and inserting ``section 4 
of the Indian Self-Determination and Education Assistance Act (25 
U.S.C. 5304)''.

SEC. 4103. WORK REQUIREMENTS FOR SUPPLEMENTAL NUTRITION ASSISTANCE 
              PROGRAM.

    (a) Work Requirements for Able-bodied Adults Without Dependents.--
Section 6 of the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 2015) is 
amended--
            (1) in subsection (d)--
                    (A) in paragraph (2)--
                            (i) by striking the second sentence;
                            (ii) by striking ``, as amended'' each 
                        place it appears;
                            (iii) by striking ``(F) a person'' and 
                        inserting the following:
                            ``(vi) a person'';
                            (iv) by striking ``(E) employed'' and 
                        inserting the following:
                            ``(v) employed'';
                            (v) by striking ``(D) a regular'' and 
                        inserting the following:
                            ``(iv) a regular'';
                            (vi) by striking ``(C) a bona fide 
                        student'' and inserting the following:
                            ``(iii) a bona fide student'';
                            (vii) by striking ``(B) a parent'' and 
                        inserting the following:
                            ``(ii) a parent'';
                            (viii) by striking ``(A) currently'' and 
                        inserting the following:
                            ``(i) currently''; and
                            (ix) by striking ``(2) A person who'' and 
                        all that follows through ``if he or she is'' 
                        inserting the following:
                    ``(E) Exemptions.--A person who otherwise would be 
                required to comply with the requirements of 
                subparagraphs (A) through (D) shall be exempt from such 
                requirements if the person is--''; and
                    (B) by inserting after paragraph (1) (as amended by 
                subparagraph (A)) the following:
            ``(2) Additional work requirements.--
                    ``(A) Definition of work program.--In this 
                paragraph, the term `work program' means--
                            ``(i) a program under title I of the 
                        Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act;
                            ``(ii) a program under section 236 of the 
                        Trade Act of 1974 (19 U.S.C. 2296);
                            ``(iii) a program of employment and 
                        training operated or supervised by a State or 
                        political subdivision of a State that meets 
                        standards approved by the Governor of the 
                        State, including a program under paragraph (4), 
                        other than a job search program or a job search 
                        training program; and
                            ``(iv) a workforce partnership under 
                        paragraph (4)(N).
                    ``(B) Work requirement.--Subject to the other 
                provisions of this paragraph, no individual shall be 
                eligible to participate in the supplemental nutrition 
                assistance program as a member of any household if, 
                during the preceding 36-month period, the individual 
                received supplemental nutrition assistance program 
                benefits for not less than 3 months (consecutive or 
                otherwise) during which the individual did not--
                            ``(i) work 20 hours or more per week, 
                        averaged monthly;
                            ``(ii) participate in and comply with the 
                        requirements of a work program for 20 hours or 
                        more per week, as determined by the State 
                        agency;
                            ``(iii) participate in and comply with the 
                        requirements of a program under section 20 or a 
                        comparable program established by a State or 
                        political subdivision of a State; or
                            ``(iv) receive benefits pursuant to 
                        subparagraph (C), (D), (E), or (F).
                    ``(C) Exception.--Subparagraph (B) shall not apply 
                to an individual if the individual is--
                            ``(i) under 18 or over 50 years of age;
                            ``(ii) medically certified as physically or 
                        mentally unfit for employment;
                            ``(iii) a parent or other member of a 
                        household with responsibility for a dependent 
                        child;
                            ``(iv) otherwise exempt under paragraph 
                        (1)(E); or
                            ``(v) a pregnant woman.
                    ``(D) Waiver.--
                            ``(i) In general.--On the request of a 
                        State agency, the Secretary may waive the 
                        applicability of subparagraph (B) to any group 
                        of individuals in the State if the Secretary 
                        makes a determination that the area in which 
                        the individuals reside--
                                    ``(I) has an unemployment rate of 
                                over 10 percent; or
                                    ``(II) does not have a sufficient 
                                number of jobs to provide employment 
                                for the individuals.
                            ``(ii) Report.--The Secretary shall report 
                        the basis for a waiver under clause (i) to the 
                        Committee on Agriculture of the House of 
                        Representatives and the Committee on 
                        Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the 
                        Senate.
                    ``(E) Subsequent eligibility.--
                            ``(i) Regaining eligibility.--An individual 
                        denied eligibility under subparagraph (B) shall 
                        regain eligibility to participate in the 
                        supplemental nutrition assistance program if, 
                        during a 30-day period, the individual--
                                    ``(I) works 80 or more hours;
                                    ``(II) participates in and complies 
                                with the requirements of a work program 
                                for 80 or more hours, as determined by 
                                a State agency; or
                                    ``(III) participates in and 
                                complies with the requirements of a 
                                program under section 20 or a 
                                comparable program established by a 
                                State or political subdivision of a 
                                State.
                            ``(ii) Maintaining eligibility.--An 
                        individual who regains eligibility under clause 
                        (i) shall remain eligible as long as the 
                        individual meets the requirements of clause 
                        (i), (ii), or (iii) of subparagraph (B).
                            ``(iii) Loss of employment.--
                                    ``(I) In general.--An individual 
                                who regained eligibility under clause 
                                (i) and who no longer meets the 
                                requirements of clause (i), (ii), or 
                                (iii) of subparagraph (B) shall remain 
                                eligible for a consecutive 3-month 
                                period, beginning on the date the 
                                individual first notifies the State 
                                agency that the individual no longer 
                                meets the requirements of clause (i), 
                                (ii), or (iii) of subparagraph (B).
                                    ``(II) Limitation.--An individual 
                                shall not receive any benefits pursuant 
                                to subclause (I) for more than a single 
                                3-month period in any 36-month period.
                    ``(F) 15-percent exemption.--
                            ``(i) Definitions.--In this subparagraph:
                                    ``(I) Caseload.--The term 
                                `caseload' means the average monthly 
                                number of individuals receiving 
                                supplemental nutrition assistance 
                                program benefits during the 12-month 
                                period ending the preceding June 30.
                                    ``(II) Covered individual.--The 
                                term `covered individual' means a 
                                member of a household that receives 
                                supplemental nutrition assistance 
                                program benefits, or an individual 
                                denied eligibility for supplemental 
                                nutrition assistance program benefits 
                                solely due to subparagraph (B), who--
                                            ``(aa) is not eligible for 
                                        an exception under subparagraph 
                                        (C);
                                            ``(bb) does not reside in 
                                        an area covered by a waiver 
                                        granted under subparagraph (D);
                                            ``(cc) is not complying 
                                        with clause (i), (ii), or (iii) 
                                        of subparagraph (B);
                                            ``(dd) is not receiving 
                                        supplemental nutrition 
                                        assistance program benefits 
                                        during the 3 months of 
                                        eligibility provided under 
                                        subparagraph (B); and
                                            ``(ee) is not receiving 
                                        supplemental nutrition 
                                        assistance program benefits 
                                        under subparagraph (E).
                            ``(ii) General rule.--Subject to clauses 
                        (iii) through (vii), a State agency may provide 
                        an exemption from the requirements of 
                        subparagraph (B) for covered individuals.
                            ``(iii) Fiscal year 1998.--Subject to 
                        clauses (v) and (vii), for fiscal year 1998, a 
                        State agency may provide a number of exemptions 
                        such that the average monthly number of the 
                        exemptions in effect during the fiscal year 
                        does not exceed 15 percent of the number of 
                        covered individuals in the State in fiscal year 
                        1998, as estimated by the Secretary, based on 
                        the survey conducted to carry out section 16(c) 
                        for fiscal year 1996 and such other factors as 
                        the Secretary considers appropriate due to the 
                        timing and limitations of the survey.
                            ``(iv) Subsequent fiscal years.--Subject to 
                        clauses (v) through (vii), for fiscal year 1999 
                        and each subsequent fiscal year, a State agency 
                        may provide a number of exemptions such that 
                        the average monthly number of the exemptions in 
                        effect during the fiscal year does not exceed 
                        15 percent of the number of covered individuals 
                        in the State, as estimated by the Secretary 
                        under clause (iii), adjusted by the Secretary 
                        to reflect changes in the State's caseload and 
                        the Secretary's estimate of changes in the 
                        proportion of members of households that 
                        receive supplemental nutrition assistance 
                        program benefits covered by waivers granted 
                        under subparagraph (D).
                            ``(v) Caseload adjustments.--The Secretary 
                        shall adjust the number of individuals 
                        estimated for a State under clause (iii) or 
                        (iv) during a fiscal year if the number of 
                        members of households that receive supplemental 
                        nutrition assistance program benefits in the 
                        State varies from the State's caseload by more 
                        than 10 percent, as determined by the 
                        Secretary.
                            ``(vi) Exemption adjustments.--During 
                        fiscal year 1999 and each subsequent fiscal 
                        year, the Secretary shall increase or decrease 
                        the number of individuals who may be granted an 
                        exemption by a State agency under this 
                        subparagraph to the extent that the average 
                        monthly number of exemptions in effect in the 
                        State for the preceding fiscal year under this 
                        subparagraph is lesser or greater than the 
                        average monthly number of exemptions estimated 
                        for the State agency for such preceding fiscal 
                        year under this subparagraph.
                            ``(vii) Reporting requirement.--A State 
                        agency shall submit such reports to the 
                        Secretary as the Secretary determines are 
                        necessary to ensure compliance with this 
                        subparagraph.
                    ``(G) Other program rules.--Nothing in this 
                paragraph shall make an individual eligible for 
                benefits under this Act if the individual is not 
                otherwise eligible for benefits under the other 
                provisions of this Act.''; and
            (2) by striking subsection (o).
    (b) Employment and Training Programs That Meet State and Local 
Workforce Needs.--Section 6(d)(4) of the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 
(7 U.S.C. 2015(d)(4)) is amended--
            (1) in subparagraph (A)--
                    (A) in clause (i)--
                            (i) by inserting ``, in consultation with 
                        the State workforce development board, or, if 
                        the State demonstrates that consultation with 
                        private employers or employer organizations 
                        would be more effective or efficient, in 
                        consultation with private employers or employer 
                        organizations,'' after ``designed by the State 
                        agency''; and
                            (ii) by striking ``that will increase their 
                        ability to obtain regular employment.'' and 
                        inserting the following: ``that will--
                                    ``(I) increase the ability of the 
                                household members to obtain regular 
                                employment; and
                                    ``(II) meet State or local 
                                workforce needs.''; and
                    (B) in clause (ii), by inserting ``and implemented 
                to meet the purposes of clause (i)'' after ``under this 
                paragraph'';
            (2) in subparagraph (B)--
                    (A) in clause (iv), by redesignating subclauses (I) 
                and (II) as items (aa) and (bb), respectively, and 
                indenting appropriately;
                    (B) by redesignating clauses (i) through (vii) and 
                clause (viii) as subclauses (I) through (VII) and 
                subclause (IX), respectively, and indenting 
                appropriately;
                    (C) by inserting after subclause (VII) (as so 
                redesignated) the following:
                                    ``(VIII) Programs or activities 
                                described in subclauses (I) through 
                                (XII) of clause (iv) of section 
                                16(h)(1)(F) that the Secretary 
                                determines, based on the results of the 
                                applicable independent evaluations 
                                conducted under clause (vii)(I) of that 
                                section, are effective at increasing 
                                employment or earnings for households 
                                participating in a pilot project under 
                                that section.'';
                    (D) in the matter preceding subclause (I) (as so 
                redesignated)--
                            (i) by striking ``this subparagraph'' and 
                        inserting ``this clause'';
                            (ii) by inserting ``and a program 
                        containing a component under subclause (I) 
                        shall contain at least 1 additional component'' 
                        before the colon; and
                            (iii) by striking ``(B) For purposes of 
                        this Act, an'' and inserting the following:
                    ``(B) Definitions.--In this Act:
                            ``(i) Employment and training program.--The 
                        term''; and
                    (E) by adding at the end the following:
                            ``(ii) Workforce partnership.--
                                    ``(I) In general.--The term 
                                `workforce partnership' means a program 
                                that--
                                            ``(aa) is operated by a 
                                        private employer, an 
                                        organization representing 
                                        private employers, or a 
                                        nonprofit organization 
                                        providing services relating to 
                                        workforce development;
                                            ``(bb) the Secretary or the 
                                        State agency certifies--

                                                    ``(AA) subject to 
                                                subparagraph (N)(ii), 
                                                would assist 
                                                participants who are 
                                                members of households 
                                                participating in the 
                                                supplemental nutrition 
                                                assistance program in 
                                                gaining high-quality, 
                                                work-relevant skills, 
                                                training, work, or 
                                                experience that will 
                                                increase the ability of 
                                                the participants to 
                                                obtain regular 
                                                employment;

                                                    ``(BB) subject to 
                                                subparagraph (N)(ii), 
                                                would provide 
                                                participants with not 
                                                fewer than 20 hours per 
                                                week of training, work, 
                                                or experience under 
                                                subitem (AA);

                                                    ``(CC) would not 
                                                use any funds 
                                                authorized to be 
                                                appropriated by this 
                                                Act;

                                                    ``(DD) would 
                                                provide sufficient 
                                                information, on request 
                                                by the State agency, 
                                                for the State agency to 
                                                determine that 
                                                participants who are 
                                                members of households 
                                                participating in the 
                                                supplemental nutrition 
                                                assistance program are 
                                                fulfilling any 
                                                applicable work 
                                                requirement under this 
                                                subsection;

                                                    ``(EE) would be 
                                                willing to serve as a 
                                                reference for 
                                                participants who are 
                                                members of households 
                                                participating in the 
                                                supplemental nutrition 
                                                assistance program for 
                                                future employment or 
                                                work-related programs; 
                                                and

                                                    ``(FF) meets any 
                                                other criteria 
                                                established by the 
                                                Secretary, on the 
                                                condition that the 
                                                Secretary shall not 
                                                establish any 
                                                additional criteria 
                                                that would impose 
                                                significant paperwork 
                                                burdens on the 
                                                workforce partnership; 
                                                and

                                            ``(cc) is in compliance 
                                        with the Fair Labor Standards 
                                        Act of 1938 (29 U.S.C. 201 et 
                                        seq.), if applicable.
                                    ``(II) Inclusion.--The term 
                                `workforce partnership' includes a 
                                multistate program.'';
            (3) in subparagraph (E)--
                    (A) in the second sentence, by striking ``Such 
                requirements'' and inserting the following:
                            ``(ii) Variation.--The requirements under 
                        clause (i)'';
                    (B) by striking ``(E) Each State'' and inserting 
                the following:
                    ``(E) Requirements for participation for certain 
                individuals.--
                            ``(i) In general.--Each State''; and
                    (C) adding at the end the following:
                            ``(iii) Application to workforce 
                        partnerships.--To the extent that a State 
                        agency requires an individual to participate in 
                        an employment and training program, the State 
                        agency shall consider an individual 
                        participating in a workforce partnership to be 
                        in compliance with the employment and training 
                        requirements.'';
            (4) in subparagraph (H), by striking ``(B)(v)'' and 
        inserting ``(B)(i)(V)''; and
            (5) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(N) Workforce partnerships.--
                            ``(i) In general.--A work registrant may 
                        participate in a workforce partnership to 
                        comply with the requirements of paragraph 
                        (1)(A)(ii) and paragraph (2).
                            ``(ii) Certification.--In certifying that a 
                        program meets the requirements of subitems (AA) 
                        and (BB) of subparagraph (B)(ii)(I)(bb) to be 
                        certified as a workforce partnership, the 
                        Secretary or the State agency shall require 
                        that the program submit to the Secretary or 
                        State agency sufficient information that 
                        describes--
                                    ``(I) the services and activities 
                                of the program that would provide 
                                participants with not fewer than 20 
                                hours per week of training, work, or 
                                experience under those subitems; and
                                    ``(II) how the program would 
                                provide services and activities 
                                described in subclause (I) that would 
                                directly enhance the employability or 
                                job readiness of the participant.
                            ``(iii) Supplement, not supplant.--A State 
                        agency may use a workforce partnership to 
                        supplement, not to supplant, the employment and 
                        training program of the State agency.
                            ``(iv) Participation.--A State agency may 
                        provide information on workforce partnerships, 
                        if available, to any member of a household 
                        participating in the supplemental nutrition 
                        assistance program, but may not require any 
                        member of a household to participate in a 
                        workforce partnership.
                            ``(v) Effect.--
                                    ``(I) In general.--A workforce 
                                partnership shall not replace the 
                                employment or training of an individual 
                                not participating in the workforce 
                                partnership.
                                    ``(II) Selection.--Nothing in this 
                                subsection affects the criteria or 
                                screening process for selecting 
                                participants by a workforce 
                                partnership.
                            ``(vi) Limitation on reporting 
                        requirements.--In carrying out this 
                        subparagraph, the Secretary and each applicable 
                        State agency shall limit the reporting 
                        requirements of a workforce partnership to--
                                    ``(I) on notification that an 
                                individual is receiving supplemental 
                                nutrition assistance program benefits, 
                                notifying the applicable State agency 
                                that the individual is participating in 
                                the workforce partnership;
                                    ``(II) identifying participants who 
                                have completed or are no longer 
                                participating in the workforce 
                                partnership;
                                    ``(III) identifying changes to the 
                                workforce partnership that result in 
                                the workforce partnership no longer 
                                meeting the certification requirements 
                                of the Secretary or the State agency 
                                under subparagraph (B)(ii)(I)(bb); and
                                    ``(IV) providing sufficient 
                                information, on request by the State 
                                agency, for the State agency to verify 
                                that a participant is fulfilling any 
                                applicable work requirements under this 
                                subsection.
                    ``(O) Referral of certain individuals.--
                            ``(i) In general.--In accordance with such 
                        regulations as may be issued by the Secretary, 
                        with respect to any individual who is not 
                        eligible for an exemption under paragraph 
                        (1)(E) and who is determined by an employment 
                        and training program component to be ill-suited 
                        to participate in the employment and training 
                        program component, the State agency shall--
                                    ``(I) refer the individual to an 
                                appropriate employment and training 
                                program component;
                                    ``(II) refer the individual to an 
                                appropriate workforce partnership, if 
                                available;
                                    ``(III) reassess the physical and 
                                mental fitness of the individual under 
                                paragraph (1)(A); or
                                    ``(IV) to the maximum extent 
                                practicable, coordinate with other 
                                Federal, State, or local workforce or 
                                assistance programs to identify work 
                                opportunities or assistance for the 
                                individual.
                            ``(ii) Process.--In carrying out clause 
                        (i), the State agency shall ensure that an 
                        individual undergoing and complying with the 
                        process established under that clause shall not 
                        be found to have refused without good cause to 
                        participate in an employment and training 
                        program.''.
    (c) Updating Work-related Pilot Projects.--
            (1) In general.--Section 16(h) of the Food and Nutrition 
        Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 2025(h)) is amended--
                    (A) in paragraph (1)--
                            (i) in subparagraph (B)(ii), by striking 
                        ``6(o)'' and inserting ``6(d)(2)'';
                            (ii) in subparagraph (E)--
                                    (I) in clause (i)--
                                            (aa) in subclause (I), by 
                                        striking ``6(o)(3)'' and 
                                        inserting ``6(d)(2)(C)''; and
                                            (bb) in subclause (II), by 
                                        striking ``subparagraph (B) or 
                                        (C) of section 6(o)(2)'' and 
                                        inserting ``clause (ii) or 
                                        (iii) of section 6(d)(2)(B)''; 
                                        and
                                    (II) in clause (ii)--
                                            (aa) in the matter 
                                        preceding subclause (I), by 
                                        striking ``subparagraph (B) or 
                                        (C) of section 6(o)(2)'' and 
                                        inserting ``clause (ii) or 
                                        (iii) of section 6(d)(2)(B)'';
                                            (bb) in subclause (I), by 
                                        striking ``6(o)(2)'' and 
                                        inserting ``6(d)(2)(B)'';
                                            (cc) in subclause (II), by 
                                        striking ``6(o)(3)'' and 
                                        inserting ``6(d)(2)(C)'';
                                            (dd) in subclause (III), by 
                                        striking ``6(o)(4)'' and 
                                        inserting ``6(d)(2)(D)''; and
                                            (ee) in subclause (IV), by 
                                        striking ``6(o)(6)'' and 
                                        inserting ``6(d)(2)(F)''; and
                            (iii) in subparagraph (F)--
                                    (I) in clause (ii)(III)(ee)(AA), by 
                                striking ``6(o)'' and inserting 
                                ``6(d)(2)'';
                                    (II) in clause (viii)--
                                            (aa) in subclause (III), by 
                                        striking ``September 30, 2018'' 
                                        and inserting the following: 
                                        ``September 30, 2023, for--
                                            ``(aa) the continuation of 
                                        pilot projects being carried 
                                        out under this subparagraph as 
                                        of the date of enactment of the 
                                        Agriculture Improvement Act of 
                                        2018, if the pilot projects 
                                        meet the limitations described 
                                        in subclause (II); and
                                            ``(bb) additional pilot 
                                        projects authorized under 
                                        clause (x).''; and
                                            (bb) by adding at the end 
                                        the following:
                                    ``(IV) Funds for additional pilot 
                                projects.--From amounts made available 
                                under section 18(a)(1), the Secretary 
                                shall use to carry out clause (x) 
                                $92,500,000 for each of fiscal years 
                                2019 and 2020, to remain available 
                                until expended.''; and
                                    (III) by adding at the end the 
                                following:
                            ``(x) Authority to carry out additional 
                        pilot projects.--
                                    ``(I) In general.--Subject to the 
                                availability of funds under clause 
                                (viii), the Secretary may carry out 8 
                                or more additional pilot projects using 
                                a competitive grant process.
                                    ``(II) Requirements.--Except as 
                                otherwise provided in this clause, a 
                                pilot project under this clause shall 
                                meet the criteria described in clauses 
                                (i), (ii)(II)(bb), and (iii) through 
                                (vi) and items (aa) through (dd) of 
                                clause (ii)(III).
                                    ``(III) Evaluation and reporting.--
                                            ``(aa) Optional 
                                        evaluation.--

                                                    ``(AA) In 
                                                general.--The Secretary 
                                                shall have the option 
                                                to conduct an 
                                                independent 
                                                longitudinal evaluation 
                                                of pilot projects 
                                                carried out under this 
                                                clause, in accordance 
                                                with clause (vii)(I).

                                                    ``(BB) Qualifying 
                                                criteria.--If the 
                                                Secretary determines to 
                                                conduct an independent 
                                                longitudinal evaluation 
                                                under subitem (AA), to 
                                                be eligible to 
                                                participate in a pilot 
                                                project under this 
                                                clause, a State agency 
                                                shall agree to 
                                                participate in the 
                                                evaluation described in 
                                                clause (vii), including 
                                                providing evidence that 
                                                the State has a robust 
                                                data collection system 
                                                for program 
                                                administration and is 
                                                cooperating to make 
                                                available State data on 
                                                the employment 
                                                activities and post-
                                                participation 
                                                employment, earnings, 
                                                and public benefit 
                                                receipt of participants 
                                                to ensure proper and 
                                                timely evaluation.

                                            ``(bb) Reporting.--If the 
                                        Secretary determines not to 
                                        conduct an independent 
                                        longitudinal evaluation under 
                                        item (aa), subject to such 
                                        terms and conditions as the 
                                        Secretary determines to be 
                                        appropriate and not less 
                                        frequently than annually, each 
                                        State agency participating in a 
                                        pilot project carried out under 
                                        this clause shall submit to the 
                                        Secretary a report that 
                                        describes the results of the 
                                        pilot project.
                                    ``(IV) Voluntary activities.--
                                Except as provided in subclause (VIII), 
                                employment and training activities 
                                under a pilot project carried out under 
                                this clause shall be voluntary for work 
                                registrants.
                                    ``(V) Eligibility.--To be eligible 
                                to participate in a pilot project 
                                carried out under this clause, a State 
                                agency shall commit to maintain at 
                                least the amount of State funding for 
                                employment and training programs and 
                                services under paragraphs (2) and (3) 
                                and under section 20 as the State 
                                expended for fiscal year 2018.
                                    ``(VI) Limitation.--In carrying out 
                                pilot projects under this clause, the 
                                Secretary shall not be subject to the 
                                limitation described in clause 
                                (viii)(II)(aa).
                                    ``(VII) Priority.--In selecting 
                                pilot projects under this clause, the 
                                Secretary may give priority to pilot 
                                projects that--
                                            ``(aa) are targeted to--

                                                    ``(AA) individuals 
                                                50 years of age or 
                                                older;

                                                    ``(BB) formerly 
                                                incarcerated 
                                                individuals;

                                                    ``(CC) individuals 
                                                participating in a 
                                                substance abuse 
                                                treatment program.

                                                    ``(DD) homeless 
                                                individuals;

                                                    ``(EE) people with 
                                                disabilities seeking to 
                                                enter the workforce; or

                                                    ``(FF) other 
                                                individuals with 
                                                substantial barriers to 
                                                employment; or

                                            ``(bb) support employment 
                                        and workforce participation 
                                        through an integrated and 
                                        family-focused approach in 
                                        providing supportive services.
                                    ``(VIII) Pilot projects for 
                                mandatory participation in employment 
                                and training activities.--A State 
                                agency may be eligible to participate 
                                in a pilot project under this clause to 
                                test programs that assign work 
                                registrants to mandatory participation 
                                in employment and training activities, 
                                on the conditions that--
                                            ``(aa) the pilot project 
                                        provides individualized case 
                                        management designed to help 
                                        remove barriers to employment 
                                        for participants; and
                                            ``(bb) a work registrant is 
                                        not assigned to employment and 
                                        training activities primarily 
                                        consisting of job search, job 
                                        search training, or workforce 
                                        activities.''; and
                    (B) in paragraph (5)--
                            (i) in subparagraph (A)--
                                    (I) in the matter preceding clause 
                                (i), by striking ``section 6(d)(4)'' 
                                and inserting ``this paragraph''; and
                                    (II) by redesignating clauses (i) 
                                and (ii) as subclauses (I) and (II), 
                                respectively, and indenting 
                                appropriately;
                            (ii) in subparagraph (B)--
                                    (I) in clause (ii), by 
                                redesignating subclauses (I) and (II) 
                                as items (aa) and (bb), respectively, 
                                and indenting appropriately;
                                    (II) in clause (iv)--
                                            (aa) in the matter 
                                        preceding subclause (I), by 
                                        striking ``clause (iii)'' and 
                                        inserting ``subclause (III)'';
                                            (bb) in subclause (IV)--

                                                    (AA) in item (cc), 
                                                by striking ``section 
                                                6(b)'' and inserting 
                                                ``subsection (b)''; and

                                                    (BB) by 
                                                redesignating items 
                                                (aa) through (cc) as 
                                                subitems (AA) through 
                                                (CC), respectively, and 
                                                indenting 
                                                appropriately; and

                                            (cc) by redesignating 
                                        subclauses (I) through (V) as 
                                        items (aa) through (ee), 
                                        respectively, and indenting 
                                        appropriately;
                                    (III) by redesignating clauses (i) 
                                through (iv) as subclauses (I) through 
                                (IV), respectively, and indenting 
                                appropriately; and
                                    (IV) by adding at the end the 
                                following:
                                    ``(V) State option.--The State 
                                agency may report relevant data from a 
                                workforce partnership carried out under 
                                subparagraph (N) to demonstrate the 
                                number of program participants served 
                                by the workforce partnership.'';
                            (iii) in subparagraph (C)--
                                    (I) in clause (iii), by striking 
                                ``and'' after the semicolon;
                                    (II) in clause (iv)--
                                            (aa) in the matter 
                                        preceding subclause (I)--

                                                    (AA) by striking 
                                                ``paragraph (1)(E)'' 
                                                and inserting 
                                                ``subparagraph (E) of 
                                                section 16(h)(1)''; and

                                                    (BB) by striking 
                                                ``paragraph (1)'' and 
                                                inserting ``that 
                                                section'';

                                            (bb) in subclause (I)--

                                                    (AA) by striking 
                                                ``paragraph 
                                                (1)(E)(ii)'' and 
                                                inserting ``section 
                                                16(h)(1)(E)(ii)''; and

                                                    (BB) by striking 
                                                ``subparagraph (B) or 
                                                (C) of section 
                                                6(o)(2)'' and inserting 
                                                ``clause (ii) or (iii) 
                                                of paragraph (2)(B)'';

                                            (cc) in subclause (II), by 
                                        striking ``paragraph (1)(E)'' 
                                        and inserting ``section 
                                        16(h)(1)(E)''; and
                                            (dd) by redesignating 
                                        subclauses (I) through (III) as 
                                        items (aa) through (cc), 
                                        respectively, and indenting 
                                        appropriately;
                                    (III) by redesignating clauses (i), 
                                (ii), (iii), and (iv) as subclauses 
                                (I), (II), (IV), and (VI), 
                                respectively, and indenting 
                                appropriately;
                                    (IV) by inserting after subclause 
                                (II) (as so redesignated) the 
                                following:
                                    ``(III) that the State agency has 
                                consulted with the State workforce 
                                board or, if appropriate, private 
                                employers or employer organizations, in 
                                the design of the employment and 
                                training program;''; and
                                    (V) by inserting after subclause 
                                (IV) (as so redesignated) the 
                                following:
                                    ``(V) that the employment and 
                                training program components of the 
                                State agency are responsive to State or 
                                local workforce needs; and'';
                            (iv) in subparagraph (D), by striking 
                        ``subparagraph (B)'' and inserting ``clause 
                        (ii)'';
                            (v) in subparagraph (E), by inserting ``or 
                        that the employment and training program is not 
                        adequately meeting State or local workforce 
                        needs'' after ``is inadequate'';
                            (vi) in subparagraph (F)--
                                    (I) in the matter preceding clause 
                                (i), by striking ``October 1, 2016'' 
                                and inserting ``October 1, 2020'';
                                    (II) in clause (i), by striking 
                                ``and'' after the semicolon;
                                    (III) in clause (ii), by striking 
                                the period at the end and inserting ``; 
                                and'';
                                    (IV) by redesignating clauses (i) 
                                and (ii) as subclauses (I) and (II), 
                                respectively, and indenting 
                                appropriately; and
                                    (V) by adding at the end the 
                                following:
                                    ``(III) are meeting State or local 
                                workforce needs.'';
                            (vii) by redesignating subparagraphs (A) 
                        through (F) (as so amended) as clauses (i) 
                        through (vi), respectively, and indenting 
                        appropriately; and
                            (viii) by redesignating the paragraph as 
                        subparagraph (P), indenting the subparagraph 
                        appropriately, and moving the subparagraph so 
                        as to appear after subparagraph (O) of section 
                        6(d)(4) of the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 
                        (7 U.S.C. 2015(d)(4)) (as added by subsection 
                        (b)(5)).
            (2) Research, demonstration, and evaluations.--Section 17 
        of the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 2026) is 
        amended--
                    (A) in subsection (b)--
                            (i) by striking paragraphs (2) and (3);
                            (ii) by striking ``(b)(1)(A) The 
                        Secretary'' and inserting the following:
    ``(b) Demonstration Projects; Pilot Projects.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary'';
                            (iii) in paragraph (1) (as so designated)--
                                    (I) in subparagraph (D)--
                                            (aa) in clause (i), in the 
                                        matter preceding subclause (I), 
                                        by striking ``subparagraph 
                                        (A)'' and inserting ``paragraph 
                                        (1)'';
                                            (bb) in clause (ii), by 
                                        striking ``clause (i)'' and 
                                        inserting ``subparagraph (A)''; 
                                        and
                                            (cc) in clause (iii), by 
                                        striking ``clause (i)(III)'' 
                                        and inserting ``subparagraph 
                                        (A)(iii)'';
                                    (II) by redesignating subparagraph 
                                (D) as paragraph (4), and indenting 
                                appropriately;
                                    (III) in subparagraph (C), by 
                                striking ``(C)(i) No waiver'' and 
                                inserting the following:
            ``(3) Restrictions.--
                    ``(A) In general.--No waiver'';
                                    (IV) in subparagraph (B)--
                                            (aa) in clause (i), in the 
                                        matter preceding subclause (I), 
                                        by striking ``subparagraph 
                                        (A)'' and inserting ``paragraph 
                                        (1)'';
                                            (bb) in clause (ii)--

                                                    (AA) in the matter 
                                                preceding subclause 
                                                (I), by striking 
                                                ``subparagraph (A)'' 
                                                and inserting 
                                                ``paragraph (1)''; and

                                                    (BB) in subclause 
                                                (IV), by striking 
                                                ``this paragraph'' and 
                                                inserting ``this 
                                                subsection'';

                                            (cc) in clause (iii), in 
                                        the matter preceding subclause 
                                        (I), by striking ``subparagraph 
                                        (A)'' and inserting ``paragraph 
                                        (1)'';
                                            (dd) in clause (iv)--

                                                    (AA) in the matter 
                                                preceding subclause 
                                                (I), by striking 
                                                ``subparagraph (A)'' 
                                                and inserting 
                                                ``paragraph (1)'';

                                                    (BB) in subclause 
                                                (I), by striking ``the 
                                                date of enactment of 
                                                this subparagraph'' and 
                                                inserting ``August 22, 
                                                1996'';

                                                    (CC) in subclause 
                                                (III)(aa), by striking 
                                                ``3(n)'' and inserting 
                                                ``3(q)'';

                                                    (DD) in subclause 
                                                (III)(dd), by striking 
                                                ``(2)(B)'' and 
                                                inserting 
                                                ``(1)(E)(ii)'';

                                                    (EE) in subclause 
                                                (III)(ii), by striking 
                                                ``this paragraph'' and 
                                                inserting ``this 
                                                subsection''; and

                                                    (FF) in subclause 
                                                (IV)(bb), by striking 
                                                ``this subclause'' and 
                                                inserting ``this 
                                                clause''; and

                                            (ee) in clause (vi), by 
                                        striking ``this paragraph'' and 
                                        inserting ``this subsection''; 
                                        and
                                    (V) by redesignating subparagraph 
                                (B) as paragraph (2) and indenting 
                                appropriately;
                            (iv) in paragraph (2) (as so 
                        redesignated)--
                                    (I) by redesignating clauses (i) 
                                through (vi) as subparagraphs (A) 
                                through (F), respectively, and 
                                indenting appropriately;
                                    (II) in subparagraph (A) (as so 
                                redesignated), by redesignating 
                                subclauses (I) and (II) as clauses (i) 
                                and (ii), respectively, and indenting 
                                appropriately;
                                    (III) in subparagraph (B) (as so 
                                redesignated), by redesignating 
                                subclauses (I) through (IV) as clauses 
                                (i) through (iv), respectively, and 
                                indenting appropriately;
                                    (IV) in subparagraph (C) (as so 
                                redesignated), by redesignating 
                                subclauses (I) and (II) as clauses (i) 
                                and (ii), respectively, and indenting 
                                appropriately; and
                                    (V) in subparagraph (D) (as so 
                                redesignated)--
                                            (aa) by redesignating 
                                        subclauses (I) through (VII) as 
                                        clauses (i) through (vii), 
                                        respectively, and indenting 
                                        appropriately;
                                            (bb) in clause (iii) (as so 
                                        redesignated), by redesignating 
                                        items (aa) through (jj) as 
                                        subclauses (I) through (X), 
                                        respectively, and indenting 
                                        appropriately; and
                                            (cc) in clause (iv) (as so 
                                        redesignated), by redesignating 
                                        items (aa) and (bb) as 
                                        subclauses (I) and (II), 
                                        respectively, and indenting 
                                        appropriately;
                            (v) in paragraph (3) (as so redesignated)--
                                    (I) in subparagraph (A) (as so 
                                redesignated)--
                                            (aa) in the matter 
                                        preceding subclause (I), by 
                                        striking ``the date of 
                                        enactment of this 
                                        subparagraph'' and inserting 
                                        ``November 28, 1990''; and
                                            (bb) in clause (ii), by 
                                        striking ``(ii) Clause (i)'' 
                                        and inserting the following:
                    ``(B) Application.--Subparagraph (A)''; and
                                    (II) in subparagraph (A) (as so 
                                redesignated), by redesignating 
                                subclauses (I) and (II) as clauses (i) 
                                and (ii), respectively, and indenting 
                                appropriately; and
                            (vi) in paragraph (4) (as so 
                        redesignated)--
                                    (I) by redesignating clauses (i) 
                                through (iii) as subparagraphs (A) 
                                through (C), respectively, and 
                                indenting appropriately; and
                                    (II) in subparagraph (A) (as so 
                                redesignated), by redesignating 
                                subclauses (I) through (IV) as clauses 
                                (i) through (iv), respectively, and 
                                indenting appropriately;
                    (B) by striking subsection (d);
                    (C) by redesignating subsections (e) through (l) as 
                subsections (d) through (k), respectively; and
                    (D) in subsection (e) (as so redesignated), in the 
                first sentence, by striking ``subsection (b)(1)'' and 
                inserting ``subsection (b)''.
    (d) Authorization of Appropriations.--Section 18 of the Food and 
Nutrition Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 2027) is amended by adding at the end 
the following:
    ``(i) Restriction.--No funds authorized to be appropriated under 
this Act shall be used to operate a workforce partnership under section 
6(d)(4)(N).''.
    (e) Conforming Amendments.--
            (1) Section 5(a) of the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 (7 
        U.S.C. 2014(a)) is amended in the second sentence by striking 
        ``(d)(2)'' and inserting ``(d)(1)(E)''.
            (2) Section 6(i)(3) of the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 
        (7 U.S.C. 2015(i)(3)) is amended by striking ``(d)'' and 
        inserting ``(d)(1)''.
            (3) Section 7(h)(6) of the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 
        (7 U.S.C. 2016(h)(6)) is amended by striking ``17(f)'' and 
        inserting ``17(e)''.
            (4) Section 7(i)(1) of the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 
        (7 U.S.C. 2016(i)(1)) is amended by striking ``6(o)(2)'' and 
        inserting ``6(d)(2)(B)''.
            (5) Section 7(j)(1)(G) of the Food and Nutrition Act of 
        2008 (7 U.S.C. 2016(j)(1)(G)) is amended by striking ``17(f)'' 
        and inserting ``17(e)''.
            (6) Section 11(n) of the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 (7 
        U.S.C. 2020(n)) is amended by striking ``17(b)(1)'' and 
        inserting ``17(b)''.
            (7) Section 16(b)(4) of the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 
        (7 U.S.C. 2025(b)(4)) is amended by striking ``section 6(d)'' 
        and inserting ``section 6(d)(1)''.
            (8) Section 20(b)(1) of the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 
        (7 U.S.C. 2029(b)(1)) is amended by striking ``clause (B), (C), 
        (D), (E), or (F) of section 6(d)(2)'' and inserting ``clause 
        (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), or (vi) of section 6(d)(1)(E)''.
            (9) Section 103(a)(2)(D) of the Workforce Innovation and 
        Opportunity Act (29 U.S.C. 3113(a)(2)(D)) is amended by 
        striking ``section 6(o) of the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 
        (7 U.S.C. 2015(o))'' and inserting ``paragraph (2) of section 
        6(d) of the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 
        2015(d))''.
            (10) Section 121(b)(2)(B)(iv) of the Workforce Innovation 
        and Opportunity Act (29 U.S.C. 3151(b)(2)(B)(iv)) is amended by 
        striking ``section 6(o) of the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 
        (7 U.S.C. 2015(o))'' and inserting ``paragraph (2) of section 
        6(d) of the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 
        2015(d))''.
            (11) Section 23(b)(7)(D)(ii) of the Richard B. Russell 
        National School Lunch Act (42 U.S.C. 1769d(b)(7)(D)(ii)) is 
        amended by striking ``section 17(b)(1)(B) of the Food and 
        Nutrition Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 2026(b)(1)(B))'' and inserting 
        ``paragraph (2) of section 17(b) of the Food and Nutrition Act 
        of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 2026(b))''.
            (12) Section 24(g)(3)(C) of the Richard B. Russell National 
        School Lunch Act (42 U.S.C. 1769e(g)(3)(C)) is amended by 
        striking ``section 17(b)(1)(B) of the Food and Nutrition Act of 
        2008 (7 U.S.C. 2026(b)(1)(B))'' and inserting ``paragraph (2) 
        of section 17(b) of the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 (7 
        U.S.C. 2026(b))''.

SEC. 4104. IMPROVEMENTS TO ELECTRONIC BENEFIT TRANSFER SYSTEM.

    (a) Prohibited Fees.--Section 7 of the Food and Nutrition Act of 
2008 (7 U.S.C. 2016) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (f)(2)(C), in the subparagraph heading, 
        by striking ``Interchange'' and inserting ``Prohibited''; and
            (2) in subsection (h), by striking paragraph (13) and 
        inserting the following:
            ``(13) Prohibited fees.--
                    ``(A) Definition of switching.--In this paragraph, 
                the term `switching' means the routing of an intrastate 
                or interstate transaction that consists of transmitting 
                the details of a transaction electronically recorded 
                through the use of an EBT card in 1 State to the issuer 
                of the card in--
                            ``(i) the same State; or
                            ``(ii) another State.
                    ``(B) Prohibition.--
                            ``(i) Interchange fees.--No interchange fee 
                        shall apply to an electronic benefit transfer 
                        transaction under this subsection.
                            ``(ii) Other fees.--
                                    ``(I) In general.--No fee charged 
                                by a benefit issuer (including any 
                                affiliate of a benefit issuer), or by 
                                any agent or contractor when acting on 
                                behalf of such benefit issuer, to a 
                                third party relating to the switching 
                                or routing of benefits to the same 
                                benefit issuer (including any affiliate 
                                of the benefit issuer) shall apply to 
                                an electronic benefit transfer 
                                transaction under this subsection.
                                    ``(II) Effective date.--The 
                                prohibition under subclause (I) shall 
                                be effective through fiscal year 
                                2022.''.
    (b) EBT Portability.--Section 7(f)(5) of the Food and Nutrition Act 
of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 2016(f)(5)) is amended by adding at the end the 
following:
                    ``(C) Operation of individual point of sale device 
                by farmers' markets and direct marketing farmers.--A 
                farmers' market or direct marketing farmer that is 
                exempt under paragraph (2)(B)(i) shall be allowed to 
                operate an individual electronic benefit transfer point 
                of sale device at more than 1 location under the same 
                supplemental nutrition assistance program 
                authorization, if--
                            ``(i) the farmers' market or direct 
                        marketing farmer provides to the Secretary 
                        information on location and hours of operation 
                        at each location; and
                            ``(ii)(I) the point of sale device used by 
                        the farmers' market or direct marketing farmer 
                        is capable of providing location information of 
                        the device through the electronic benefit 
                        transfer system; or
                            ``(II) if the Secretary determines that the 
                        technology is not available for a point of sale 
                        device to meet the requirement under subclause 
                        (I), the farmers' market or direct marketing 
                        farmer provides to the Secretary any other 
                        information, as determined by the Secretary, 
                        necessary to ensure the integrity of 
                        transactions processed using the point of sale 
                        device.''.
    (c) Evaluation of State Electronic Benefit Transfer Systems.--
Section 7(h) of the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 2016(h)) 
is amended by adding at the end the following:
            ``(15) GAO evaluation and study of state electronic benefit 
        transfer systems.--
                    ``(A) Evaluation.--
                            ``(i) In general.--Not later than 18 months 
                        after the date of enactment of this paragraph, 
                        the Comptroller General of the United States 
                        (referred to in this paragraph as the 
                        `Comptroller General') shall evaluate for each 
                        electronic benefit transfer system of a State 
                        agency selected in accordance with clause 
                        (ii)--
                                    ``(I) any type of fee charged--
                                            ``(aa) by the benefit 
                                        issuer (or an affiliate, agent, 
                                        or contractor of the benefit 
                                        issuer) of the State agency for 
                                        electronic benefit transfer-
                                        related services, including 
                                        electronic benefit transfer-
                                        related services that did not 
                                        exist before February 7, 2014; 
                                        and
                                            ``(bb) to any retail food 
                                        stores, including retail food 
                                        stores that are exempt under 
                                        subsection (f)(2)(B)(i) for 
                                        electronic benefit transfer-
                                        related services;
                                    ``(II) in consultation with the 
                                Secretary and the retail food stores 
                                within the State, any electronic 
                                benefit transfer system outages 
                                affecting the EBT cards of the State 
                                agency;
                                    ``(III) in consultation with the 
                                Secretary, any type of entity that--
                                            ``(aa) provides electronic 
                                        benefit transfer equipment and 
                                        related services to the State 
                                        agency, any benefit issuers of 
                                        the State agency, or any retail 
                                        food stores within the State;
                                            ``(bb) routes or switches 
                                        transactions through the 
                                        electronic benefit transfer 
                                        system of the State agency; or
                                            ``(cc) has access to 
                                        transaction information in the 
                                        electronic benefit transfer 
                                        system of the State agency; and
                                    ``(IV) in consultation with the 
                                Secretary, any emerging entities, 
                                services, or technologies in use with 
                                respect to the electronic benefit 
                                transfer system of the State agency.
                            ``(ii) Selection criteria.--The Comptroller 
                        General shall select for evaluation under 
                        clause (i)--
                                    ``(I) with respect to each benefit 
                                issuer that provides electronic benefit 
                                transfer-related services to 1 or more 
                                State agencies, not fewer than 1 
                                electronic benefit transfer system 
                                provided by that benefit issuer; and
                                    ``(II) any electronic benefit 
                                transfer system of a State agency that 
                                has experienced significant or frequent 
                                outages during the 2-year period 
                                preceding the date of enactment of this 
                                paragraph.
                    ``(B) Study.--Not later than 2 years after the date 
                of enactment of this paragraph, the Comptroller General 
                shall submit to the Committee on Agriculture of the 
                House of Representatives and the Committee on 
                Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate a 
                report based on the evaluation carried out under 
                subparagraph (A) that includes--
                            ``(i) a description of the types of 
                        entities that--
                                    ``(I) provide electronic benefit 
                                transfer equipment and related services 
                                to State agencies, benefit issuers, and 
                                retail food stores;
                                    ``(II) route or switch transactions 
                                through electronic benefit transfer 
                                systems of State agencies; or
                                    ``(III) have access to transaction 
                                information in electronic benefit 
                                transfer systems of State agencies;
                            ``(ii) a description of emerging entities, 
                        services, and technologies in use with respect 
                        to electronic benefit transfer systems of State 
                        agencies; and
                            ``(iii) a summary of--
                                    ``(I) the types of fees charged--
                                            ``(aa) by benefit issuers 
                                        (or affiliates, agents, or 
                                        contractors of benefit issuers) 
                                        of State agencies for 
                                        electronic benefit transfer-
                                        related services, including 
                                        whether the types of fees 
                                        existed before February 7, 
                                        2014; and
                                            ``(bb) to any retail food 
                                        stores, including retail food 
                                        stores that are exempt under 
                                        subsection (f)(2)(B)(i) for 
                                        electronic benefit transfer-
                                        related services;
                                    ``(II)(aa) the causes of any 
                                electronic benefit transfer system 
                                outages affecting EBT cards; and
                                    ``(bb) potential solutions to 
                                minimize the disruption of outages to 
                                participating households.
            ``(16) Review of ebt systems requirements.--
                    ``(A) Review.--
                            ``(i) In general.--Not later than 18 months 
                        after the date of enactment of this paragraph, 
                        the Secretary shall review for each electronic 
                        benefit transfer system of a State agency 
                        selected under clause (ii)--
                                    ``(I) any contracts or other 
                                agreements between the State agency and 
                                the benefit issuer of the State agency 
                                to determine--
                                            ``(aa) the customer service 
                                        requirements of the benefit 
                                        issuer, including call center 
                                        requirements; and
                                            ``(bb) the consistency and 
                                        compatibility of data provided 
                                        by the benefit issuer to the 
                                        Secretary for appropriate 
                                        oversight of possible 
                                        fraudulent transactions; and
                                    ``(II) the use of third-party 
                                applications that access the electronic 
                                benefit transfer system to provide 
                                electronic benefit transfer account 
                                information to participating 
                                households.
                            ``(ii) Selection criteria.--The Secretary 
                        shall select for the review under clause (i) 
                        not fewer than 5 electronic benefit transfer 
                        systems of State agencies, of which--
                                    ``(I) with respect to each benefit 
                                issuer that provides electronic benefit 
                                transfer-related services to 1 or more 
                                State agencies, not fewer than 1 shall 
                                be provided by that benefit issuer; and
                                    ``(II) not more than 4 shall have 
                                experienced significant or frequent 
                                outages during the 2-year period 
                                preceding the date of enactment of this 
                                paragraph.
                    ``(B) Regulations and guidance.--Based on the study 
                conducted by the Comptroller General of the United 
                States under paragraph (15)(B) and the review conducted 
                by the Secretary under subparagraph (A), the Secretary 
                shall promulgate such regulations or issue such 
                guidance as the Secretary determines appropriate--
                            ``(i) to prohibit the imposition of any fee 
                        that is inconsistent with paragraph (13);
                            ``(ii) to minimize electronic benefit 
                        system outages;
                            ``(iii) to update procedures to handle 
                        electronic benefit transfer system outages that 
                        minimize disruption to participating households 
                        and retail food stores while protecting against 
                        fraud and abuse;
                            ``(iv) to develop cost-effective customer 
                        service standards for benefit issuers, 
                        including benefit issuer call centers or other 
                        customer service options equivalent to call 
                        centers, that would ensure adequate customer 
                        service for participating households;
                            ``(v) to address the use of third-party 
                        applications that access electronic benefit 
                        transfer systems to provide electronic benefit 
                        transfer account information to participating 
                        households, including by establishing 
                        safeguards consistent with sections 9(c) and 
                        11(e)(8) to protect the privacy of data 
                        relating to participating households and 
                        approved retail food stores; and
                            ``(vi) to improve the reliability of 
                        electronic benefit transfer systems.
                    ``(C) Report.--Not later than 2 years after the 
                date of enactment of this paragraph, the Secretary 
                shall submit to the Committee on Agriculture of the 
                House of Representatives and the Committee on 
                Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate a 
                report that includes a description of the effects, if 
                any, on an electronic benefit transfer system of a 
                State agency from the use of third-party applications 
                that access the electronic benefit transfer system to 
                provide electronic benefit transfer account information 
                to participating households.''.
    (d) Approval of Retail Food Stores.--Section 9 of the Food and 
Nutrition Act (7 U.S.C. 2018) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a)(1)--
                    (A) in the fourth sentence, by striking ``No retail 
                food store'' and inserting the following:
                    ``(D) Visit required.--No retail food store'';
                    (B) in the third sentence, by striking ``Approval'' 
                and inserting the following:
                    ``(C) Certificate.--Approval'';
                    (C) in the second sentence--
                            (i) by striking ``food; and (D) the'' and 
                        inserting the following: ``food;
                            ``(iv) any information, if available, about 
                        the ability of the anticipated or existing 
                        electronic benefit transfer equipment and 
                        service provider of the applicant to provide 
                        sufficient information through the electronic 
                        benefit transfer system to minimize the risk of 
                        fraudulent transactions; and
                            ``(v) the'';
                            (ii) by striking ``concern; (C) whether'' 
                        and inserting the following: ``concern;
                            ``(iii) whether'';
                            (iii) by striking ``applicant; (B) the'' 
                        and inserting the following: ``applicant;
                            ``(ii) the'';
                            (iv) by striking ``following: (A) the 
                        nature'' and inserting the following: 
                        ``following:
                            ``(i) the nature''; and
                            (v) in the matter preceding clause (i) (as 
                        so designated), by striking ``In determining'' 
                        and inserting the following:
                    ``(B) Factors for consideration.--In determining''; 
                and
                    (D) in the first sentence, by striking ``(a)(1) 
                Regulations'' and inserting the following:
    ``(a) Authorization to Accept and Redeem Benefits.--
            ``(1) Applications.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Regulations'';
            (2) in subsection (a), by adding at the end the following:
            ``(4) Electronic benefit transfer equipment and service 
        providers.--Before implementing clause (iv) of paragraph 
        (1)(B), the Secretary shall issue guidance for retail food 
        stores on how to select electronic benefit transfer equipment 
        and service providers that are able to meet the requirements of 
        that clause.''; and
            (3) in subsection (c), in the first sentence, by inserting 
        ``records relating to electronic benefit transfer equipment and 
        related services, transaction and redemption data provided 
        through the electronic benefit transfer system,'' after 
        ``purchase invoices,''.

SEC. 4105. RETAIL INCENTIVES.

    Section 9 of the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 2018) is 
amended by adding at the end the following:
    ``(i) Incentives.--
            ``(1) Definition of eligible incentive food.--In this 
        subsection, the term `eligible incentive food' means food that 
        is--
                    ``(A) identified for increased consumption by the 
                most recent Dietary Guidelines for Americans published 
                under section 301 of the National Nutrition Monitoring 
                and Related Research Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 5341); and
                    ``(B) a fruit, a vegetable, low-fat dairy, or a 
                whole grain.
            ``(2) Regulations.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall promulgate 
                regulations to clarify the process by which an approved 
                retail food store may seek a waiver to offer an 
                incentive that may be used only for the purchase of 
                eligible incentive food at the point of purchase to a 
                household purchasing food with benefits issued under 
                this Act.
                    ``(B) Regulations.--The regulations under 
                subparagraph (A) shall establish a process under which 
                an approved retail food store, prior to carrying out an 
                incentive program under this subsection, shall provide 
                to the Secretary information describing the incentive 
                program, including--
                            ``(i) the types of incentives that will be 
                        offered;
                            ``(ii) the types of foods that will be 
                        incentivized for purchase; and
                            ``(iii) an explanation of how the incentive 
                        program intends to support meeting dietary 
                        intake goals.
            ``(3) No limitation on benefits.--A waiver granted under 
        this subsection shall not be used to carry out any activity 
        that limits the use of benefits under this Act or any other 
        Federal nutrition law.
            ``(4) Effect.--Regulations promulgated under this 
        subsection shall not affect any requirements under section 4405 
        of the Food, Conservation, and Energy Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 
        7517) or section 4304 of the Agriculture Improvement Act of 
        2018, including the eligibility of a retail food store to 
        participate in a project funded under those sections.
            ``(5) Report.--The Secretary shall submit to the Committee 
        on Agriculture of the House of Representatives and the 
        Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate 
        an annual report describing the types of incentives approved 
        under this subsection.''.

SEC. 4106. REQUIRED ACTION ON DATA MATCH INFORMATION.

    Section 11(e) of the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 
2020(e)) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (24), by striking ``and'' after the 
        semicolon;
            (2) in paragraph (25), by striking the period at the end 
        and inserting a semicolon; and
            (3) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(26) that for a household participating in the 
        supplemental nutrition assistance program, the State agency 
        shall pursue clarification and verification, if applicable, of 
        information relating to the circumstances of the household 
        received from data matches for the purpose of ensuring an 
        accurate eligibility and benefit determination, only if the 
        information--
                    ``(A) appears to present significantly conflicting 
                information from the information that was used by the 
                State agency at the time of certification of the 
                household;
                    ``(B) is obtained from data matches carried out 
                under subsection (q), (r), or (w); or
                    ``(C)(i) is fewer than 60 days old relative to the 
                current month of participation of the household; and
                    ``(ii) if accurate, would have been required to be 
                reported by the household based on the reporting 
                requirements assigned to the household by the State 
                agency under section 6(c).''.

SEC. 4107. INCOME VERIFICATION.

    Section 17 of the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 2026) 
(as amended by section 4103(c)(2)(C)) is amended by adding at the end 
the following:
    ``(l) Pilot Projects for Improving Earned Income Verification.--
            ``(1) In general.--Under such terms and conditions as the 
        Secretary considers to be appropriate, the Secretary shall 
        establish a pilot program (referred to in this subsection as 
        the `pilot program') under which not more than 8 States may 
        carry out pilot projects to test strategies to improve the 
        accuracy or efficiency of the process for verification of 
        earned income at certification and recertification of applicant 
        households for the supplemental nutrition assistance program.
            ``(2) Contract options.--
                    ``(A) In general.--In carrying out the pilot 
                program, prior to soliciting applications for pilot 
                projects from State agencies, the Secretary shall--
                            ``(i) assess the availability of up-to-date 
                        earned income information from different 
                        commercial data service providers; and
                            ``(ii) make a determination regarding the 
                        overall cost-effectiveness to the Department of 
                        Agriculture and the State agencies 
                        administering the supplemental nutrition 
                        assistance program of--
                                    ``(I) the Secretary entering into a 
                                contract with a commercial data service 
                                provider to provide to State agencies 
                                carrying out pilot projects up-to-date 
                                earned income information for 
                                verification of the earned income at 
                                certification and recertification of 
                                applicant households for the 
                                supplemental nutrition assistance 
                                program;
                                    ``(II) the Secretary entering into 
                                an agreement with the Secretary of 
                                Health and Human Services to allow 
                                State agencies carrying out pilot 
                                projects to verify earned income 
                                information at certification and 
                                recertification of applicant households 
                                for the supplemental nutrition 
                                assistance program in the State using 
                                up-to-date earned income information 
                                from a commercial data service provider 
                                under the electronic interface 
                                developed by the State and used by the 
                                State Medicaid agency to verify income 
                                eligibility for the State Medicaid 
                                program under title XIX of the Social 
                                Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1396 et seq.); 
                                or
                                    ``(III) a State agency carrying out 
                                a pilot project entering into a 
                                contract with a commercial data service 
                                provider to obtain up-to-date earned 
                                income information to verify the earned 
                                income at certification and 
                                recertification of applicant households 
                                for the supplemental nutrition 
                                assistance program in the State.
                    ``(B) Authority to enter into contracts.--If 
                determined appropriate by the Secretary, the Secretary 
                may, based on the cost-effectiveness determination 
                described in subparagraph (A)(ii)--
                            ``(i) enter into a contract described in 
                        subclause (I) of that subparagraph;
                            ``(ii) enter into an agreement described in 
                        subclause (II) of that subparagraph; or
                            ``(iii) allow each State agency carrying 
                        out a pilot project to enter into a contract 
                        described in subclause (III) of that 
                        subparagraph, on the condition that the Federal 
                        share of the cost of the contract shall not 
                        exceed 75 percent of the total cost of the 
                        contract.
                    ``(C) Report.--Not later than 1 year after the date 
                of enactment of this subsection, the Secretary shall 
                submit to the Committee on Agriculture of the House of 
                Representatives and the Committee on Agriculture, 
                Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate a report that 
                describes the results of the assessment and 
                determination under subparagraph (A).
            ``(3) Pilot projects.--
                    ``(A) Application.--A State agency seeking to carry 
                out a pilot project under the pilot program shall 
                submit to the Secretary an application at such time, in 
                such manner, and containing such information as the 
                Secretary may require, including--
                            ``(i) an identification of the 1 or more 
                        proposed changes to the process for verifying 
                        earned income used by the State agency;
                            ``(ii) a description of how the proposed 
                        changes under clause (i) would meet the purpose 
                        described in paragraph (1); and
                            ``(iii) a plan to evaluate how the proposed 
                        changes under clause (i) would improve the 
                        accuracy or efficiency of the verification of 
                        earned income at certification and 
                        recertification of applicant households for the 
                        supplemental nutrition assistance program in 
                        the State.
                    ``(B) Selection criteria.--The Secretary shall 
                select to carry out pilot projects State agencies that, 
                as determined by the Secretary--
                            ``(i) do not have access to up-to-date 
                        earned income information for the verification 
                        of earned income at certification and 
                        recertification of applicant households for the 
                        supplemental nutrition assistance program in 
                        the State;
                            ``(ii) would be able to access and use, for 
                        the verification of earned income at 
                        certification and recertification of applicant 
                        households for the supplemental nutrition 
                        assistance program in the State, up-to-date 
                        earned income information used to determine 
                        eligibility for another Federal assistance 
                        program; or
                            ``(iii) have cost-effective, innovative 
                        approaches to verifying earned income that 
                        would improve the accuracy or efficiency of the 
                        verification of earned income at certification 
                        and recertification of applicant households for 
                        the supplemental nutrition assistance program 
                        in the State.
            ``(4) Grants.--The Secretary may make grants to a State 
        agency to carry out a pilot project.
            ``(5) Effect on other requirements.--A pilot project 
        carried out under this subsection shall not alter the 
        eligibility requirements under section 5 or the reporting 
        requirements under section 6(c).
            ``(6) Report.--Not later than 180 days after the date on 
        which the pilot program terminates under paragraph (8), the 
        Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Agriculture of the 
        House of Representatives and the Committee on Agriculture, 
        Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate a report that describes 
        the results of the pilot projects carried out under the pilot 
        program.
            ``(7) Funding.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Out of funds made available 
                under section 18(a)(1), on October 1, 2018, the 
                Secretary shall make available $10,000,000 to carry out 
                this subsection, to remain available until expended.
                    ``(B) Costs.--The Secretary shall allocate not more 
                than 10 percent of the amounts made available under 
                subparagraph (A) to carry out subparagraphs (A) and (C) 
                of paragraph (2) and paragraph (6).
            ``(8) Termination.--The pilot program shall terminate not 
        later than September 30, 2022.''.

SEC. 4108. PILOT PROJECTS TO IMPROVE HEALTHY DIETARY PATTERNS RELATED 
              TO FLUID MILK IN THE SUPPLEMENTAL NUTRITION ASSISTANCE 
              PROGRAM.

    Section 17 of the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 2026) 
(as amended by section 4107) is amended by adding at the end the 
following:
    ``(m) Pilot Projects to Improve Healthy Dietary Patterns Related to 
Fluid Milk Consumption Among Participants or Households in the 
Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program That Under-consume Fluid 
Milk.--
            ``(1) Definition of fluid milk.--In this subsection, the 
        term `fluid milk' means cow milk, without flavoring or 
        sweeteners, consistent with the most recent Dietary Guidelines 
        for Americans published under section 301 of the National 
        Nutrition Monitoring and Related Research Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 
        5341), that is packaged in liquid form.
            ``(2) Pilot projects.--The Secretary shall carry out, under 
        such terms and conditions as the Secretary considers to be 
        appropriate, pilot projects to develop and test methods that 
        would increase the purchase of fluid milk, in a manner 
        consistent with the most recent Dietary Guidelines for 
        Americans published under section 301 of the National Nutrition 
        Monitoring and Related Research Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 5341), by 
        individuals or households participating in the supplemental 
        nutrition assistance program that under-consume fluid milk by 
        providing an incentive for the purchase of fluid milk at the 
        point of purchase to a household purchasing food with 
        supplemental nutrition assistance program benefits.
            ``(3) Grants or cooperative agreements.--
                    ``(A) In general.--In carrying out this subsection, 
                the Secretary may enter into competitively awarded 
                cooperative agreements with, or provide grants to, a 
                government agency or nonprofit organization for use in 
                accordance with projects that meet the strategic goals 
                of this subsection, including allowing the government 
                agency or nonprofit organization to award subgrants to 
                retail food stores authorized under this Act.
                    ``(B) Application.--To be eligible to receive a 
                cooperative agreement or grant under this paragraph, a 
                government agency or nonprofit organization shall 
                submit to the Secretary an application at such time, in 
                such manner, and containing such information as the 
                Secretary may require.
                    ``(C) Selection criteria.--Pilot projects shall be 
                evaluated against publicly disseminated criteria that 
                shall include--
                            ``(i) incorporation of a scientifically 
                        based strategy that is designed to improve diet 
                        quality through the increased purchase of fluid 
                        milk for participants or households in the 
                        supplemental nutrition assistance program that 
                        under-consume fluid milk;
                            ``(ii) a commitment to a pilot project that 
                        allows for a rigorous outcome evaluation, 
                        including data collection; and
                            ``(iii) other criteria, as determined by 
                        the Secretary.
                    ``(D) Use of funds.--Funds provided under this 
                paragraph shall not be used for any project that limits 
                the use of benefits under this Act.
                    ``(E) Duration.--Each pilot project carried out 
                under this subsection shall be in effect for not more 
                than 24 months.
            ``(4) Projects.--Pilot projects carried out under paragraph 
        (2) shall include projects to determine whether incentives for 
        the purchase of fluid milk by individuals or households 
        participating in the supplemental nutrition assistance program 
        that under-consume fluid milk result in--
                    ``(A) improved nutritional outcomes for 
                participating individuals or households;
                    ``(B) changes in purchasing and consumption of 
                fluid milk among participating individuals or 
                households; or
                    ``(C) diets more closely aligned with healthy 
                eating patterns consistent with the most recent Dietary 
                Guidelines for Americans published under section 301 of 
                the National Nutrition Monitoring and Related Research 
                Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 5341).
            ``(5) Evaluation and reporting.--
                    ``(A) Evaluation.--
                            ``(i) Independent evaluation.--
                                    ``(I) In general.--The Secretary 
                                shall provide for an independent 
                                evaluation of projects selected under 
                                this subsection that measures the 
                                impact of the pilot program on health 
                                and nutrition as described in 
                                paragraphs (2) through (4).
                                    ``(II) Requirement.--The 
                                independent evaluation under subclause 
                                (I) shall use rigorous methodologies, 
                                particularly random assignment or other 
                                methods that are capable of producing 
                                scientifically valid information 
                                regarding which activities are 
                                effective.
                            ``(ii) Costs.--The Secretary may use funds 
                        provided to carry out this subsection to pay 
                        costs associated with monitoring and evaluating 
                        each pilot project.
                    ``(B) Reporting.--Not later than 90 days after the 
                last day of fiscal year 2019 and each fiscal year 
                thereafter until the completion of the last evaluation 
                under subparagraph (A), the Secretary shall submit to 
                the Committee on Agriculture of the House of 
                Representatives and the Committee on Agriculture, 
                Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate a report that 
                includes a description of--
                            ``(i) the status of each pilot project;
                            ``(ii) the results of the evaluation 
                        completed during the previous fiscal year; and
                            ``(iii) to the maximum extent practicable--
                                    ``(I) the impact of the pilot 
                                project on appropriate health, 
                                nutrition, and associated behavioral 
                                outcomes among households participating 
                                in the pilot project;
                                    ``(II) baseline information 
                                relevant to the stated goals and 
                                desired outcomes of the pilot project; 
                                and
                                    ``(III) equivalent information 
                                about similar or identical measures 
                                among control or comparison groups that 
                                did not participate in the pilot 
                                project.
                    ``(C) Public dissemination.--In addition to the 
                reporting requirements under subparagraph (B), 
                evaluation results shall be shared broadly to inform 
                policy makers, service providers, other partners, and 
                the public to promote wide use of successful 
                strategies.
            ``(6) Funding.--
                    ``(A) Authorization of appropriations.--There is 
                authorized to be appropriated to carry out this 
                subsection $20,000,000, to remain available until 
                expended.
                    ``(B) Appropriations in advance.--Only funds 
                appropriated under subparagraph (A) in advance 
                specifically to carry out this subsection shall be 
                available to carry out this subsection.''.

SEC. 4109. INTERSTATE DATA MATCHING TO PREVENT MULTIPLE ISSUANCES.

    Section 11 of the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 2020) is 
amended by adding at the end the following:
    ``(w) National Accuracy Clearinghouse.--
            ``(1) Definition of indication of multiple issuance.--In 
        this subsection, the term `indication of multiple issuance' 
        means an indication, based on a computer match, that benefits 
        are being issued to an individual under the supplemental 
        nutrition assistance program from more than 1 State 
        simultaneously.
            ``(2) Establishment.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall establish an 
                interstate data system, to be known as the `National 
                Accuracy Clearinghouse', to prevent the simultaneous 
                issuance of benefits to an individual by more than 1 
                State under the supplemental nutrition assistance 
                program.
                    ``(B) Data matching.--The Secretary shall require 
                that States make available to the National Accuracy 
                Clearinghouse only such information as is necessary for 
                the purpose described in subparagraph (A).
                    ``(C) Data protection.--The information made 
                available by States under subparagraph (B)--
                            ``(i) shall be used only for the purpose 
                        described in subparagraph (A); and
                            ``(ii) shall not be retained for longer 
                        than is necessary to accomplish that purpose.
            ``(3) Issuance of interim final regulations.--Not later 
        than 18 months after the date of enactment of this subsection, 
        the Secretary shall promulgate regulations (which shall include 
        interim final regulations) to carry out this subsection that--
                    ``(A) incorporate best practices and lessons 
                learned from the pilot program under section 4032(c) of 
                the Agricultural Act of 2014 (7 U.S.C. 2036c(c));
                    ``(B) require a State to take appropriate action, 
                as determined by the Secretary, with respect to each 
                indication of multiple issuance or indication that an 
                individual receiving benefits in 1 State has applied to 
                receive benefits in another State, while ensuring 
                timely and fair service to applicants for, and 
                participants in, the supplemental nutrition assistance 
                program;
                    ``(C) limit the information submitted through or 
                retained by the National Accuracy Clearinghouse to 
                information necessary to accomplish the purpose 
                described in paragraph (2)(A);
                    ``(D) establish safeguards to protect--
                            ``(i) the information submitted through or 
                        retained by the National Accuracy 
                        Clearinghouse, including by limiting the period 
                        of time that information is retained to the 
                        period necessary to accomplish the purpose 
                        described in paragraph (2)(A); and
                            ``(ii) the privacy of information that is 
                        submitted through or retained by the National 
                        Accuracy Clearinghouse, which shall include--
                                    ``(I) prohibiting any contractor 
                                who has access to information that is 
                                submitted through or retained by the 
                                National Accuracy Clearinghouse from 
                                using that information for purposes not 
                                directly related to the purpose 
                                described in paragraph (2)(A); and
                                    ``(II) other safeguards, consistent 
                                with subsection (e)(8);
                    ``(E) establish a process by which a State shall--
                            ``(i) not later than 3 years after the date 
                        of enactment of this subsection, conduct a 
                        computer match using the National Accuracy 
                        Clearinghouse;
                            ``(ii) after the first computer match under 
                        clause (i), conduct computer matches on an 
                        ongoing basis, as determined by the Secretary;
                            ``(iii) identify and take appropriate 
                        action, as determined by the Secretary, with 
                        respect to each indication of multiple issuance 
                        or indication that an individual receiving 
                        benefits in 1 State has applied to receive 
                        benefits in another State; and
                            ``(iv) protect the identity and location of 
                        a vulnerable individual (including a victim of 
                        domestic violence) that is an applicant to or 
                        participant of the supplemental nutrition 
                        assistance program; and
                    ``(F) include other rules and standards, as 
                determined by the Secretary.''.

SEC. 4110. QUALITY CONTROL.

    (a) Records.--
            (1) In general.--Section 11(a)(3)(B) of the Food and 
        Nutrition Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 2020(a)(3)(B)) is amended in 
        the matter preceding clause (i) by inserting ``and systems 
        containing those records'' after ``subparagraph (A)''.
            (2) Cost sharing for computerization.--Section 16(g)(1) of 
        the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 2025(g)(1)) is 
        amended--
                    (A) in subparagraph (E), by striking ``and'' at the 
                end;
                    (B) in subparagraph (F)(ii), by striking the period 
                at the end and inserting ``; and''; and
                    (C) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(G) would be accessible by the Secretary for 
                inspection and audit under section 11(a)(3)(B); and''.
    (b) Quality Control System.--Section 16(c)(1) of the Food and 
Nutrition Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 2025(c)(1)) is amended by striking 
subparagraph (B) and inserting the following:
                    ``(B) Quality control system integrity.--
                            ``(i) In general.--Not later than 180 days 
                        after the date of enactment of the Agriculture 
                        Improvement Act of 2018, the Secretary shall 
                        issue interim final regulations that--
                                    ``(I) ensure that the quality 
                                control system established under this 
                                subsection produces valid statistical 
                                results;
                                    ``(II) provide for oversight of 
                                contracts entered into by a State 
                                agency for the purpose of improving 
                                payment accuracy;
                                    ``(III) ensure the accuracy of data 
                                collected under the quality control 
                                system established under this 
                                subsection; and
                                    ``(IV) to the maximum extent 
                                practicable, for each fiscal year, 
                                evaluate the integrity of the quality 
                                control process of not fewer than 2 
                                State agencies, selected in accordance 
                                with criteria determined by the 
                                Secretary.
                            ``(ii) Debarment.--In accordance with the 
                        nonprocurement debarment procedures under part 
                        417 of title 2, Code of Federal Regulations (or 
                        successor regulations), the Secretary shall bar 
                        any person that, in carrying out the quality 
                        control system established under this 
                        subsection, knowingly submits, or causes to be 
                        submitted, false information to the 
                        Secretary.''.
    (c) Elimination of State Bonuses for Error Rates.--
            (1) In general.--Section 16(d) of the Food and Nutrition 
        Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 2025(d)) is amended--
                    (A) by striking the subsection heading and 
                inserting ``State Performance Indicators and Bonuses.--
                ''; and
                    (B) in paragraph (2)--
                            (i) in subparagraph (A)(ii), by striking 
                        ``subparagraph (B)(ii)'' and inserting 
                        ``clauses (ii) and (iii) of subparagraph (B)''; 
                        and
                            (ii) in subparagraph (B)--
                                    (I) in the matter preceding clause 
                                (i), by striking ``With respect'' and 
                                all that follows through the end of 
                                clause (i) and inserting the following:
                            ``(i) Performance measurement.--With 
                        respect to fiscal year 2005 and each fiscal 
                        year thereafter, the Secretary shall measure 
                        the performance of each State agency with 
                        respect to the criteria established under 
                        subparagraph (A)(i).'';
                                    (II) in clause (ii), by striking 
                                ``(ii) subject to paragraph (3),'' and 
                                inserting the following:
                            ``(ii) Performance bonuses for fiscal years 
                        2005 through 2017.--With respect to each of 
                        fiscal years 2005 through 2017, subject to 
                        paragraph (3), the Secretary shall''; and
                                    (III) by adding at the end the 
                                following:
                            ``(iii) Performance bonuses for fiscal 
                        years 2018 and thereafter.--
                                    ``(I) In general.--With respect to 
                                fiscal year 2018 and each fiscal year 
                                thereafter, subject to subclause (II) 
                                and paragraph (3), the Secretary shall 
                                award performance bonus payments in the 
                                following fiscal year, in a total 
                                amount of $6,000,000 for each fiscal 
                                year, to State agencies that meet 
                                standards for high or most improved 
                                performance established by the 
                                Secretary under subparagraph (A)(ii) 
                                for the measure of application 
                                processing timeliness.
                                    ``(II) Performance bonus payments 
                                for fiscal year 2018 performance.--The 
                                Secretary shall award performance bonus 
                                payments in a total amount of 
                                $6,000,000 to State agencies in fiscal 
                                year 2019 for fiscal year 2018 
                                performance, in accordance with 
                                subclause (I).''.
            (2) Conforming amendment.--Section 16(i)(1) of the Food and 
        Nutrition Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 2025(i)(1)) is amended by 
        striking ``(as defined in subsection (d)(1))''.

SEC. 4111. REQUIREMENT OF LIVE-PRODUCTION ENVIRONMENTS FOR CERTAIN 
              PILOT PROJECTS RELATING TO COST SHARING FOR 
              COMPUTERIZATION.

    Section 16(g)(1) of the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 
2025(g)(1)) (as amended by section 4110(a)(2)) is amended--
            (1) in subparagraph (F), by redesignating clauses (i) and 
        (ii) as subclauses (I) and (II), respectively, and indenting 
        appropriately;
            (2) by redesignating subparagraphs (A) through (G) as 
        clauses (i) through (vii), respectively, and indenting 
        appropriately;
            (3) in the matter preceding clause (i) (as so 
        redesignated)--
                    (A) by striking ``paragraphs (2) and (3)'' and 
                inserting ``paragraph (2)''; and
                    (B) by striking ``in the planning'' and inserting 
                the following: ``in the--
                    ``(A) planning'';
            (4) in clause (v) (as so redesignated) of subparagraph (A) 
        (as so designated), by striking ``implementation, including 
        through pilot projects in limited areas for major systems 
        changes as determined under rules promulgated by the Secretary, 
        data from which'' and inserting the following: 
        ``implementation, including a requirement that--
                                    ``(I) such testing shall be 
                                accomplished through pilot projects in 
                                limited areas for major systems changes 
                                (as determined under rules promulgated 
                                by the Secretary);
                                    ``(II) each pilot project described 
                                in subclause (I) that is carried out 
                                before the implementation of a system 
                                shall be conducted in a live-production 
                                environment; and
                                    ``(III) the data resulting from 
                                each pilot project carried out under 
                                this clause''; and
            (5) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(B) operation of 1 or more automatic data 
                processing and information retrieval systems that the 
                Secretary determines may continue to be operated in 
                accordance with clauses (i) through (vii) of 
                subparagraph (A).''.

SEC. 4112. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

    Section 18(a)(1) of the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 
2027(a)(1)) is amended in the first sentence by striking ``2018'' and 
inserting ``2023''.

SEC. 4113. ASSISTANCE FOR COMMUNITY FOOD PROJECTS.

    Section 25(b)(2) of the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 
2034(b)(2)) is amended--
            (1) in subparagraph (B) by striking ``and'' at the end;
            (2) in subparagraph (C) by striking ``fiscal year 2015 and 
        each fiscal year thereafter.'' and inserting ``each of fiscal 
        years 2015 through 2018; and''; and
            (3) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(D) $5,000,000 for fiscal year 2019 and each 
                fiscal year thereafter.''.

SEC. 4114. NUTRITION EDUCATION STATE PLANS.

    Section 28(c) of the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 
2036a(c)) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (2)--
                    (A) in subparagraph (B)--
                            (i) in the matter preceding clause (i), by 
                        striking ``Except as provided in subparagraph 
                        (C), a'' and inserting ``A'';
                            (ii) in clause (ii), by striking ``and'' 
                        after the semicolon;
                            (iii) by redesignating clause (iii) as 
                        clause (iv); and
                            (iv) by inserting after clause (ii) the 
                        following:
                            ``(iii) describe how the State agency shall 
                        use an electronic reporting system that 
                        measures and evaluates the projects; and''; and
                    (B) by striking subparagraph (C);
            (2) in paragraph (3)(B), in the matter preceding clause 
        (i), by inserting ``, the Director of the National Institute of 
        Food and Agriculture,'' before ``and outside stakeholders'';
            (3) in paragraph (5), by inserting ``the expanded food and 
        nutrition education program or'' before ``other health 
        promotion''; and
            (4) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(6) Report.--The State agency shall submit to the 
        Secretary an annual evaluation report in accordance with 
        regulations issued by the Secretary.''.

SEC. 4115. EMERGENCY FOOD ASSISTANCE PROGRAM.

    (a) State Plan.--Section 202A(b) of the Emergency Food Assistance 
Act of 1983 (7 U.S.C. 7503(b)) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (3), by striking ``and'' after the 
        semicolon;
            (2) in paragraph (4), by striking the period at the end and 
        inserting a semicolon; and
            (3) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(5) at the option of the State agency, describe a plan of 
        operation for 1 or more projects in partnership with 1 or more 
        emergency feeding organizations located in the State to 
        harvest, process, and package donated commodities received 
        under section 203D(d); and
            ``(6) describe a plan, which may include the use of a State 
        advisory board established under subsection (c), that provides 
        emergency feeding organizations or eligible recipient agencies 
        within the State an opportunity to provide input on the 
        commodity preferences and needs of the emergency feeding 
        organization or eligible recipient agency.''.
    (b) State and Local Supplementation of Commodities.--Section 203D 
of the Emergency Food Assistance Act of 1983 (7 U.S.C. 7507) is amended 
by adding at the end the following:
    ``(d) Projects to Harvest, Process, and Package Donated 
Commodities.--
            ``(1) Definition of project.--In this subsection, the term 
        `project' means the harvesting, processing, or packaging of 
        unharvested, unprocessed, or unpackaged commodities donated by 
        agricultural producers, processors, or distributors for use by 
        emergency feeding organizations under subsection (a).
            ``(2) Federal funding for projects.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Subject to subparagraphs (B) and 
                (C) and paragraph (3), using funds made available under 
                paragraph (5), the Secretary may provide funding to 
                States to pay for the costs of carrying out a project.
                    ``(B) Federal share.--The Federal share of the cost 
                of a project under subparagraph (A) shall not exceed 50 
                percent of the total cost of the project.
                    ``(C) Allocation.--
                            ``(i) In general.--Each fiscal year, the 
                        Secretary shall allocate to States that have 
                        submitted under section 202A(b)(5) a State plan 
                        describing a plan of operation for a project 
                        the funds made available under subparagraph (A) 
                        based on a formula determined by the Secretary.
                            ``(ii) Reallocation.--If the Secretary 
                        determines that a State will not expend all of 
                        the funds allocated to the State for a fiscal 
                        year under clause (i), the Secretary shall 
                        reallocate the unexpended funds to other States 
                        that have submitted under section 202A(b)(5) a 
                        State plan describing a plan of operation for a 
                        project during that fiscal year or the 
                        subsequent fiscal year, as the Secretary 
                        determines appropriate.
                            ``(iii) Reports.--Each State to which funds 
                        are allocated for a fiscal year under this 
                        subparagraph shall, on a regular basis, submit 
                        to the Secretary financial reports describing 
                        the use of the funds.
            ``(3) Project purposes.--A State may only use Federal funds 
        received under paragraph (2) for a project the purposes of 
        which are--
                    ``(A) to reduce food waste at the agricultural 
                production, processing, or distribution level through 
                the donation of food;
                    ``(B) to provide food to individuals in need; and
                    ``(C) to build relationships between agricultural 
                producers, processors, and distributors and emergency 
                feeding organizations through the donation of food.
            ``(4) Cooperative agreements.--The Secretary may encourage 
        a State agency that carries out a project using Federal funds 
        received under paragraph (2) to enter into cooperative 
        agreements with State agencies of other States under section 
        203B(d) to maximize the use of commodities donated under the 
        project.
            ``(5) Funding.--Out of funds not otherwise appropriated, 
        the Secretary of the Treasury shall transfer to the Secretary 
        to carry out this subsection $4,000,000 for each of fiscal 
        years 2019 through 2023, to remain available until the end of 
        the subsequent fiscal year.''.
    (c) Food Waste.--Section 203D of the Emergency Food Assistance Act 
of 1983 (7 U.S.C. 7507) (as amended by subsection (b)) is amended by 
adding at the end the following:
    ``(e) Food Waste.--The Secretary shall issue guidance outlining 
best practices to minimize the food waste of the commodities donated 
under subsection (a).''.
    (d) Emergency Food Program Infrastructure Grants.--Section 209(d) 
of the Emergency Food Assistance Act of 1983 (7 U.S.C. 7511a(d)) is 
amended by striking ``2018'' and inserting ``2023''.
    (e) Availability of Commodities for the Emergency Food Assistance 
Program.--Section 27(a) of the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 
2036(a)) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (1), by striking ``2018'' and inserting 
        ``2023''; and
            (2) in paragraph (2)--
                    (A) in subparagraph (C), by striking ``2018'' and 
                inserting ``2023'';
                    (B) in subparagraph (D)--
                            (i) in the matter preceding clause (i), by 
                        striking ``2018'' and inserting ``2023'';
                            (ii) in clause (iii), by striking ``and'' 
                        after the semicolon;
                            (iii) in clause (iv), by striking ``and'' 
                        after the semicolon;
                            (iv) by adding at the end the following:
                            ``(v) for fiscal year 2019, $23,000,000;
                            ``(vi) for fiscal year 2020, $35,000,000;
                            ``(vii) for fiscal year 2021, $35,000,000;
                            ``(viii) for fiscal year 2022, $35,000,000; 
                        and
                            ``(ix) for fiscal year 2023, $35,000,000; 
                        and''; and
                    (C) in subparagraph (E)--
                            (i) by striking ``2019'' and inserting 
                        ``2024'';
                            (ii) by striking ``(D)(iv)'' and inserting 
                        ``(D)(ix)''; and
                            (iii) by striking ``June 30, 2017'' and 
                        inserting ``June 30, 2023''.

SEC. 4116. TECHNICAL AND CONFORMING AMENDMENTS.

    (a) Section 3 of the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 2012) 
is amended--
            (1) in subsection (d), by striking ``7(i)'' and inserting 
        ``7(h)'';
            (2) in subsection (i), by striking ``7(i)'' and inserting 
        ``7(h)''; and
            (3) in subsection (o)(1)(A), by striking ``(r)(1)'' and 
        inserting ``(q)(1)''.
    (b) Section 5(a) of the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 
2014(a)) is amended by striking ``3(n)(4)'' each place it appears and 
inserting ``3(m)(4)''.
    (c) Section 8 of the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 2017) 
is amended--
            (1) in subsection (e)(1), by striking ``3(n)(5)'' and 
        inserting ``3(m)(5)''; and
            (2) in subsection (f)(1)(A), by striking ``3(n)(5)'' and 
        inserting ``3(m)(5)''.
    (d) Section 9(c) of the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 
2018(c)) is amended in the third sentence by striking ``to any used 
by'' and inserting ``to, and used by,''.
    (e) Section 10 of the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 
2019) is amended in the first sentence--
            (1) by striking ``or the Federal Savings and Loan Insurance 
        Corporation'' each place it appears; and
            (2) by striking ``3(p)(4)'' and inserting ``3(o)(4)''.
    (f) Section 11 of the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 
2020) is amended--
            (1) by striking ``3(t)(1)'' each place it appears and 
        inserting ``3(s)(1)''; and
            (2) by striking ``3(t)(2)'' each place it appears and 
        inserting ``3(s)(2)''.
    (g) Section 18(e) of the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 
2027(e)) is amended in the first sentence by striking ``7(f)'' and 
inserting ``7(e)''.
    (h) Section 25(a)(1)(B)(i)(I) of the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 
(7 U.S.C. 2034(a)(1)(B)(i)(I)) is amended by striking ``service;;'' and 
inserting ``service;''.

              Subtitle B--Commodity Distribution Programs

SEC. 4201. COMMODITY DISTRIBUTION PROGRAM.

    Section 4(a) of the Agriculture and Consumer Protection Act of 1973 
(7 U.S.C. 612c note; Public Law 93-86) is amended in the first sentence 
by striking ``2018'' and inserting ``2023''.

SEC. 4202. COMMODITY SUPPLEMENTAL FOOD PROGRAM.

    Section 5 of the Agriculture and Consumer Protection Act of 1973 (7 
U.S.C. 612c note; Public Law 93-86) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a)--
                    (A) in paragraph (1), by striking ``2018'' and 
                inserting ``2023''; and
                    (B) in paragraph (2)(B), in the matter preceding 
                clause (i), by striking ``2018'' and inserting 
                ``2023'';
            (2) in subsection (d)(2), in the first sentence, by 
        striking ``2018'' and inserting ``2023''; and
            (3) in subsection (g)--
                    (A) by striking ``Except'' and inserting the 
                following:
            ``(1) In general.--Except''; and
                    (B) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(2) Certification.--
                    ``(A) Definition of certification period.--In this 
                paragraph, the term `certification period' means the 
                period during which a participant in the commodity 
                supplemental food program in a State may continue to 
                receive benefits under the commodity supplemental food 
                program without a formal review of the eligibility of 
                the participant.
                    ``(B) Minimum certification period.--Subject to 
                subparagraphs (C) and (D), a State shall establish for 
                the commodity supplemental food program of the State a 
                certification period of--
                            ``(i) not less than 1 year; but
                            ``(ii) not more than 3 years.
                    ``(C) Temporary certification.--An eligible 
                individual in the commodity supplemental food program 
                in a State may be provided with a temporary monthly 
                certification to fill any caseload slot resulting from 
                nonparticipation by other certified participants.
                    ``(D) Approvals.--A certification period of more 
                than 1 year established by a State under subparagraph 
                (B) shall be subject to the approval of the Secretary, 
                who shall approve such a certification period on the 
                condition that, with respect to each participant 
                receiving benefits under the commodity supplemental 
                food program of the State, the local agency in the 
                State administering the commodity supplemental food 
                program, on an annual basis during the certification 
                period applicable to the participant--
                            ``(i) verifies the address and continued 
                        interest of the participant; and
                            ``(ii) has sufficient reason to determine 
                        that the participant still meets the income 
                        eligibility standards under paragraph (1), 
                        which may include a determination that the 
                        participant has a fixed income.''.

SEC. 4203. DISTRIBUTION OF SURPLUS COMMODITIES; SPECIAL NUTRITION 
              PROJECTS.

    Section 1114(a)(2)(A) of the Agriculture and Food Act of 1981 (7 
U.S.C. 1431e(a)(2)(A)) is amended in the first sentence by striking 
``2018'' and inserting ``2023''.

                       Subtitle C--Miscellaneous

SEC. 4301. PURCHASE OF SPECIALTY CROPS.

    Section 10603(b) of the Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 
2002 (7 U.S.C. 612c-4(b)) is amended by striking ``2018'' and inserting 
``2023''.

SEC. 4302. SENIORS FARMERS' MARKET NUTRITION PROGRAM.

    Section 4402(a) of the Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 
2002 (7 U.S.C. 3007(a)) is amended by striking ``2018'' and inserting 
``2023''.

SEC. 4303. THE GUS SCHUMACHER FOOD INSECURITY NUTRITION INCENTIVE.

    Section 4405 of the Food, Conservation, and Energy Act of 2008 (7 
U.S.C. 7517) is amended--
            (1) in the section heading, by striking ``food'' and 
        inserting ``the gus schumacher food'';
            (2) in subsection (a)--
                    (A) in paragraph (1), in the matter preceding 
                subparagraph (A), by striking ``means'' and all that 
                follows through the end of subparagraph (L) and 
                inserting ``means a governmental agency or nonprofit 
                organization.''; and
                    (B) in paragraph (3)--
                            (i) by striking the period at the end and 
                        inserting ``; and'';
                            (ii) by striking ``means the'' and 
                        inserting the following: ``means--
                    ``(A) the''; and
                            (iii) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(B) the programs for nutrition assistance under 
                section 19 of that Act (7 U.S.C. 2028).'';
            (3) in subsection (b)--
                    (A) in paragraph (1)--
                            (i) by redesignating subparagraphs (B) and 
                        (C) as subparagraphs (C) and (D), respectively;
                            (ii) by inserting after subparagraph (A) 
                        the following:
                    ``(B) Partners and collaborators.--An eligible 
                entity that receives a grant under this subsection may 
                partner with, or make subgrants to, public, private, 
                nonprofit, or for-profit entities, including--
                            ``(i) an emergency feeding organization;
                            ``(ii) an agricultural cooperative;
                            ``(iii) a producer network or association;
                            ``(iv) a community health organization;
                            ``(v) a public benefit corporation;
                            ``(vi) an economic development corporation;
                            ``(vii) a farmers' market;
                            ``(viii) a community-supported agriculture 
                        program;
                            ``(ix) a buying club;
                            ``(x) a retail food store participating in 
                        the supplemental nutrition assistance program;
                            ``(xi) a State, local, or tribal agency;
                            ``(xii) another eligible entity that 
                        receives a grant; and
                            ``(xiii) any other entity the Secretary 
                        designates.'';
                            (iii) in subparagraph (C) (as so 
                        redesignated), by striking ``The'' and 
                        inserting ``Except as provided in subparagraph 
                        (D)(iii), the''; and
                            (iv) in subparagraph (D) (as so 
                        redesignated), by adding at the end the 
                        following:
                            ``(iii) Tribal agencies.--The Secretary may 
                        allow a tribal agency to use funds provided to 
                        the Indian Tribe of the tribal agency through a 
                        Federal agency (including the Indian Health 
                        Service) or other Federal benefit to satisfy 
                        all or part of the non-Federal share described 
                        in clause (i), if such use is otherwise 
                        consistent with the purpose of such funds.'';
                    (B) in paragraph (2)--
                            (i) in subparagraph (A)--
                                    (I) in the matter preceding clause 
                                (i), by striking ``For purposes of'' 
                                and all that follows through ``that'' 
                                and inserting ``To receive a grant 
                                under this subsection, an eligible 
                                entity shall'';
                                    (II) in clause (i), by striking 
                                ``meets'' and inserting ``meet''; and
                                    (III) in clause (ii)--
                                            (aa) in the matter 
                                        preceding subclause (I), by 
                                        striking ``proposes'' and 
                                        inserting ``propose'';
                                            (bb) by striking subclauses 
                                        (II) and (III) and inserting 
                                        the following:
                                    ``(II) would increase the purchase 
                                of fruits and vegetables by low-income 
                                consumers participating in the 
                                supplemental nutrition assistance 
                                program by providing an incentive for 
                                the purchase of fruits and vegetables 
                                at the point of purchase to a household 
                                purchasing food with supplemental 
                                nutrition assistance program benefits;
                                    ``(III) except in the case of 
                                projects receiving $100,000 or less 
                                over 1 year, would measure the purchase 
                                of fruits and vegetables by low-income 
                                consumers participating in the 
                                supplemental nutrition assistance 
                                program;'';
                                            (cc) in subclause (IV), by 
                                        striking ``and'' at the end; 
                                        and
                                            (dd) by striking subclause 
                                        (V) and inserting the 
                                        following:
                                    ``(V) has adequate plans to collect 
                                data for reporting and agrees to 
                                provide that information for the report 
                                described in paragraph (5); and
                                    ``(VI) would share information with 
                                the Training and Technical Assistance 
                                Centers and the Information and 
                                Evaluation Centers (as those terms are 
                                defined in paragraph (4)) for the 
                                purposes described in that 
                                paragraph.''; and
                            (ii) in subparagraph (B)--
                                    (I) by striking clause (v);
                                    (II) by redesignating clause (vi) 
                                as clause (x); and
                                    (III) by inserting after clause 
                                (iv) the following:
                            ``(v) include a program design--
                                    ``(I) that provides incentives when 
                                fruits or vegetables are purchased 
                                using supplemental nutrition assistance 
                                program benefits; and
                                    ``(II) in which the incentives 
                                earned may be used only to purchase 
                                fruits or vegetables;
                            ``(vi) have demonstrated the ability to 
                        provide services to underserved communities;
                            ``(vii) include coordination with multiple 
                        stakeholders, such as farm organizations, 
                        nutrition education programs, cooperative 
                        extension services, public health departments, 
                        health providers, private and public health 
                        insurance agencies, cooperative grocers, 
                        grocery associations, and community-based and 
                        nongovernmental organizations;
                            ``(viii) offer supplemental services in 
                        high-need communities, including online 
                        ordering, transportation between home and 
                        store, and delivery services;
                            ``(ix) include food retailers that are 
                        open--
                                    ``(I) for extended hours; and
                                    ``(II) most or all days of the 
                                year; or''; and
                    (C) by striking paragraph (4) and inserting the 
                following:
            ``(4) Training and technical assistance centers; 
        information and evaluation centers.--
                    ``(A) Definitions.--In this paragraph:
                            ``(i) Information and evaluation center.--
                        The term `Information and Evaluation Center' 
                        means any of the information and evaluation 
                        centers established under subparagraph 
                        (B)(i)(II).
                            ``(ii) Training and technical assistance 
                        center.--The term `Training and Technical 
                        Assistance Center' means any of the training 
                        and technical assistance centers established 
                        under subparagraph (B)(i)(I).
                    ``(B) Establishment.--
                            ``(i) In general.--To provide services to 
                        eligible entities applying for or receiving a 
                        grant under this subsection or to partners or 
                        collaborators applying for or receiving a 
                        subgrant under paragraph (1)(B), the Secretary 
                        shall establish, in accordance with clause 
                        (ii)--
                                    ``(I) 1 or more training and 
                                technical centers, each of which shall 
                                be known as a `Food Insecurity 
                                Nutrition Incentive Program Training 
                                and Technical Assistance Center'; and
                                    ``(II) 1 or more information and 
                                evaluation centers, each of which shall 
                                be known as a `Food Insecurity 
                                Nutrition Incentive Program Information 
                                and Evaluation Center'.
                            ``(ii) Criteria.--
                                    ``(I) In general.--The Secretary 
                                shall establish the Training and 
                                Technical Assistance Centers and the 
                                Information and Evaluation Centers 
                                under clause (i) by designating as a 
                                Training and Technical Assistance 
                                Center or an Information or Evaluation 
                                Center, as applicable, 1 or more 
                                entities that meet the criteria 
                                described in subclause (II) or (III), 
                                as applicable.
                                    ``(II) Training and technical 
                                assistance centers.--To be eligible to 
                                be designated as a Training and 
                                Technical Assistance Center--
                                            ``(aa) an entity shall--

                                                    ``(AA) have the 
                                                capacity to effectively 
                                                implement and track 
                                                outreach, training, and 
                                                coordination functions;

                                                    ``(BB) be able to 
                                                produce instructional 
                                                materials that can 
                                                easily be replicated 
                                                and distributed through 
                                                multiple formats;

                                                    ``(CC) have working 
                                                relationships with 
                                                nonprofit and private 
                                                organizations, State 
                                                and local governments, 
                                                and tribal 
                                                organizations (as 
                                                defined in section 4 of 
                                                the Indian Self-
                                                Determination and 
                                                Education Assistance 
                                                Act (25 U.S.C. 5304));

                                                    ``(DD) have the 
                                                ability to work in 
                                                underserved or rural 
                                                communities; and

                                                    ``(EE) have an 
                                                organizational mission 
                                                aligned with the needs 
                                                of eligible entities 
                                                receiving grants under 
                                                this subsection; or

                                            ``(bb) for purposes of 
                                        carrying out subclauses (VII) 
                                        and (VIII) of subparagraph 
                                        (C)(i), an entity shall--

                                                    ``(AA) have 
                                                experience developing 
                                                or supporting the 
                                                development of point of 
                                                sale technology; and

                                                    ``(BB) meet any 
                                                other criteria, as 
                                                determined by the 
                                                Secretary, to 
                                                effectively carry out 
                                                subclauses (VII) and 
                                                (VIII) of subparagraph 
                                                (C)(i).

                                    ``(III) Information and evaluation 
                                centers.--To be eligible to be 
                                designated as an Information and 
                                Evaluation Center, an entity shall--
                                            ``(aa) have experience 
                                        designing, creating, and 
                                        maintaining an online, publicly 
                                        searchable reporting and 
                                        informational clearinghouse; 
                                        and
                                            ``(bb) be able to conduct 
                                        systematic analysis of the 
                                        impacts and outcomes of 
                                        projects using a grant under 
                                        this subsection.
                    ``(C) Services.--
                            ``(i) Training and technical assistance 
                        centers.--The Training and Technical Assistance 
                        Centers shall provide services that include--
                                    ``(I) assisting eligible entities 
                                applying for a grant or partners or 
                                collaborators applying for a subgrant 
                                under this subsection in--
                                            ``(aa) assessing the food 
                                        system in the geographical area 
                                        of the eligible entity; and
                                            ``(bb) designing a proposed 
                                        project;
                                    ``(II) collecting and providing to 
                                eligible entities applying for or 
                                receiving a grant or to partners or 
                                collaborators applying for or receiving 
                                a subgrant under this subsection 
                                information on best practices from 
                                existing projects, including best 
                                practices regarding communications, 
                                signage, record-keeping, incentive 
                                instruments, integration with point of 
                                sale systems, and reporting;
                                    ``(III) disseminating information 
                                and facilitating communication among 
                                eligible entities receiving a grant or 
                                partners or collaborators receiving a 
                                subgrant under this subsection;
                                    ``(IV)(aa) identifying common 
                                challenges faced by eligible entities 
                                receiving a grant or partners or 
                                collaborators receiving a subgrant 
                                under this subsection; and
                                    ``(bb) coordinating the work 
                                towards solutions to those challenges;
                                    ``(V) communicating with farms, 
                                direct to consumer markets, and grocery 
                                organizations to share information and 
                                partner on projects using a grant or 
                                subgrant under this subsection;
                                    ``(VI) assisting with collaboration 
                                among eligible entities receiving a 
                                grant or partners or collaborators 
                                receiving a subgrant under this 
                                subsection, State agencies, and the 
                                Food and Nutrition Service;
                                    ``(VII) identifying and providing 
                                to eligible entities applying for or 
                                receiving a grant or partners or 
                                collaborators applying for or receiving 
                                a subgrant under this subsection 
                                information on point of sale technology 
                                that could reduce cost and increase 
                                efficiency of supplemental nutrition 
                                assistance program and incentive 
                                transaction processing at participating 
                                authorized retailers;
                                    ``(VIII) supporting the development 
                                of the technology described in clause 
                                (VII); and
                                    ``(IX) other services identified by 
                                the Secretary.
                            ``(ii) Information and evaluation 
                        centers.--The Information and Evaluation 
                        Centers shall provide services that include--
                                    ``(I) using standard metrics based 
                                on outcome measures used for existing 
                                projects, and in collaboration with the 
                                Director of the National Institute of 
                                Food and Agriculture and the 
                                Administrator of the Food and Nutrition 
                                Service, creating a system to collect 
                                and compile core data sets from 
                                eligible entities receiving a grant and 
                                partners or collaborators receiving a 
                                subgrant, as appropriate, under this 
                                subsection;
                                    ``(II) beginning with fiscal year 
                                2020, preparing an annual report with 
                                summary data and an evaluation of each 
                                project receiving a grant under this 
                                subsection during the fiscal year 
                                preceding the report, that includes the 
                                amount of grant funds used for the 
                                project and the measurement of the 
                                outcomes of the project, for submission 
                                to the Secretary; and
                                    ``(III) other services identified 
                                by the Secretary.
                    ``(D) Grants and cooperative agreements.--In 
                carrying out this paragraph, the Secretary, on a 
                competitive basis, shall make grants to, or enter into 
                cooperative agreements with--
                            ``(i) State cooperative extension services;
                            ``(ii) nongovernmental organizations;
                            ``(iii) Federal, State, or tribal agencies;
                            ``(iv) 2-year and 4-year degree-granting 
                        institutions of higher education (as defined in 
                        section 101(a) of the Higher Education Act of 
                        1965 (20 U.S.C. 1001(a))) and land-grant 
                        colleges and universities (as defined in 
                        section 1404 of the National Agricultural 
                        Research, Extension, and Teaching Policy Act of 
                        1977 (7 U.S.C. 3103)); and
                            ``(v) other appropriate partners, as 
                        determined by the Secretary.
            ``(5) Annual evaluation and report.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Annually beginning with fiscal 
                year 2020, the Secretary shall conduct, and submit to 
                Congress an evaluation of each project receiving a 
                grant under this subsection, including--
                            ``(i) the results of the project;
                            ``(ii) the amount of grant funds used for 
                        the project; and
                            ``(iii) a measurement of the outcomes of 
                        the project.
                    ``(B) Requirement.--The evaluation conducted under 
                subparagraph (A) shall be based on uniform data 
                provided by eligible entities receiving a grant under 
                this subsection.
                    ``(C) Public availability.--The Secretary shall 
                make the evaluation conducted under subparagraph (A), 
                including the data provided by eligible entities under 
                subparagraph (B), publicly available online in an 
                anonymized format that protects confidential, personal, 
                or other sensitive data.
                    ``(D) Reporting mechanism.--The Secretary shall, to 
                the maximum extent practicable, include eligible 
                entities receiving a grant under this subsection, 
                grocers, farmers, health professionals, researchers, 
                and employees of the Department of Agriculture with 
                direct experience with implementation of the 
                supplemental nutrition assistance program in the design 
                of--
                            ``(i) the instrument through which data 
                        will be collected from eligible entities under 
                        subparagraph (B); and
                            ``(ii) the mechanism for reporting by 
                        eligible entities.''; and
            (4) in subsection (c), by striking paragraph (2) and 
        inserting the following:
            ``(2) Mandatory funding.--Of the funds of the Commodity 
        Credit Corporation, the Secretary shall use to carry out 
        subsection (b) $50,000,000 for fiscal year 2019 and each fiscal 
        year thereafter.
            ``(3) Costs.--Of the funds made available under paragraph 
        (2) for a fiscal year, the Secretary shall allocate not more 
        than 15 percent--
                    ``(A) to carry out paragraphs (4) and (5) of 
                subsection (b); and
                    ``(B) to pay for the administrative costs of 
                carrying out this section.''.

SEC. 4304. HARVESTING HEALTH PILOT PROJECTS.

    (a) Definitions.--In this section:
            (1) Eligible entity.--The term ``eligible entity'' means--
                    (A) a nonprofit organization; or
                    (B) a State or unit of local government.
            (2) Healthcare partner.--The term ``healthcare partner'' 
        means a healthcare provider, including--
                    (A) a hospital;
                    (B) a Federally-qualified health center (as defined 
                in section 1905(l) of the Social Security Act (42 
                U.S.C. 1396d(l)));
                    (C) a hospital or clinic operated by the Secretary 
                of Veterans Affairs; or
                    (D) a health care provider group.
            (3) Member.--
                    (A) In general.--The term ``member'' means, as 
                determined by the applicable eligible entity or 
                healthcare partner carrying out a pilot project in 
                accordance with procedures established by the 
                Secretary--
                            (i) an individual eligible for--
                                    (I) benefits under the Food and 
                                Nutrition Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 2011 et 
                                seq.); or
                                    (II) medical assistance under a 
                                State plan or a waiver of such a plan 
                                under title XIX of the Social Security 
                                Act (42 U.S.C. 1396 et seq.) and 
                                enrolled under such plan or waiver; and
                            (ii) a member of a low-income household 
                        that suffers from, or is at risk of developing, 
                        a diet-related health condition.
                    (B) Scope of eligibility determinations.--A 
                determination by an eligible entity or healthcare 
                partner that an individual is a member for purposes of 
                subparagraph (A) shall not--
                            (i) constitute a determination that the 
                        individual is eligible for benefits or 
                        assistance under title XIX of the Social 
                        Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1396 et seq.) or the 
                        Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 2011 
                        et seq.), as applicable; or
                            (ii) be a factor in determining whether the 
                        individual is eligible for such benefits or 
                        assistance.
            (4) Pilot project.--The term ``pilot project'' means a 
        pilot project that is awarded a grant under subsection (b)(1).
            (5) Produce prescription program.--The term ``produce 
        prescription program'' means a program that--
                    (A) prescribes fresh fruits and vegetables to 
                members;
                    (B) may provide--
                            (i) financial or non-financial incentives 
                        for members to purchase or procure fresh fruits 
                        and vegetables; and
                            (ii) educational resources on nutrition to 
                        members; and
                    (C) may establish additional accessible locations 
                for members to procure fresh fruits and vegetables.
    (b) Grant Program.--
            (1) Establishment.--
                    (A) In general.--The Secretary shall establish a 
                grant program under which the Secretary shall award 
                grants to eligible entities to conduct pilot projects 
                that demonstrate and evaluate the impact of a produce 
                prescription program on--
                            (i) the improvement of dietary health 
                        through increased consumption of fruits and 
                        vegetables;
                            (ii) the reduction of individual and 
                        household food insecurity; and
                            (iii) the reduction in health care use and 
                        associated costs.
                    (B) Healthcare partners.--In carrying out a pilot 
                project using a grant received under subparagraph (A), 
                an eligible entity shall partner with 1 or more 
                healthcare partners.
                    (C) Grant applications.--
                            (i) In general.--To be eligible to receive 
                        a grant under subparagraph (A), an eligible 
                        entity shall submit to the Secretary an 
                        application containing such information as the 
                        Secretary may require, including the 
                        information described in clause (ii).
                            (ii) Application.--An application under 
                        clause (i) shall--
                                    (I) identify the 1 or more 
                                healthcare partners with which the 
                                eligible entity is partnering under 
                                subparagraph (B); and
                                    (II) include--
                                            (aa) a description of the 
                                        methods by which an eligible 
                                        entity shall--

                                                    (AA) screen and 
                                                verify eligibility for 
                                                members for 
                                                participation in a 
                                                produce prescription 
                                                program, in accordance 
                                                with procedures 
                                                established under 
                                                subsection (a)(3)(A);

                                                    (BB) implement an 
                                                effective produce 
                                                prescription program, 
                                                including the role of 
                                                each healthcare partner 
                                                in implementing the 
                                                produce prescription 
                                                program;

                                                    (CC) evaluate 
                                                members participating 
                                                in a produce 
                                                prescription program 
                                                with respect to the 
                                                issues described in 
                                                clauses (i) through 
                                                (iii) of subparagraph 
                                                (A);

                                                    (DD) provide 
                                                educational 
                                                opportunities relating 
                                                to nutrition to members 
                                                participating in a 
                                                produce prescription 
                                                program; and

                                                    (EE) inform members 
                                                of the availability of 
                                                the produce 
                                                prescription pilot 
                                                project;

                                            (bb) a description of any 
                                        additional nonprofit or 
                                        emergency feeding organizations 
                                        that shall be involved in the 
                                        pilot project and the role of 
                                        each additional nonprofit or 
                                        emergency feeding organization 
                                        in implementing and evaluating 
                                        an effective produce 
                                        prescription program;
                                            (cc) documentation of a 
                                        partnership agreement with a 
                                        relevant State Medicaid agency 
                                        or other appropriate entity, as 
                                        determined by the Secretary, to 
                                        evaluate the effectiveness of a 
                                        produce prescription program in 
                                        reducing health care use and 
                                        associated costs; and
                                            (dd) any other data 
                                        necessary to analyze the impact 
                                        of a produce prescription 
                                        program, as determined by the 
                                        Secretary.
            (2) Coordination.--In carrying out the grant program 
        established under paragraph (1), the Secretary shall coordinate 
        with the Secretary of Health and Human Services and the heads 
        of other appropriate Federal agencies that carry out activities 
        relating to healthcare partners.
            (3) Partnerships.--
                    (A) In general.--In carrying out the grant program 
                under paragraph (1), the Secretary may enter into 1 or 
                more memoranda of understanding with a Federal agency, 
                a State, or a private partner to ensure the effective 
                implementation and evaluation of each pilot project.
                    (B) Memorandum of understanding.--A memorandum of 
                understanding entered into under subparagraph (A) shall 
                include--
                            (i) a description of a plan to provide 
                        educational opportunities relating to nutrition 
                        to members participating in the produce 
                        prescription program;
                            (ii) a description of the role of the 
                        Federal agency, State, or private partner, as 
                        applicable, in implementing and evaluating an 
                        effective produce prescription program;
                            (iii) documentation of a partnership 
                        agreement with a relevant State Medicaid agency 
                        or other appropriate entity, as determined by 
                        the Secretary, to evaluate the effectiveness of 
                        the produce prescription program in reducing 
                        health care use and associated costs; and
                            (iv) any other data necessary to analyze 
                        the impact of the produce prescription program, 
                        as determined by the Secretary.
    (c) Funding.--
            (1) In general.--Of the funds of the Commodity Credit 
        Corporation, the Secretary shall use to carry out this section 
        $4,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2019 through 2023, to 
        remain available until expended.
            (2) Costs.--The Secretary may use not greater than 10 
        percent of the amounts provided under paragraph (1) to pay for 
        the costs of administering, monitoring, and evaluating each 
        pilot project.

                            TITLE V--CREDIT

                    Subtitle A--Farm Ownership Loans

SEC. 5101. MODIFICATION OF THE 3-YEAR EXPERIENCE REQUIREMENT FOR 
              PURPOSES OF ELIGIBILITY FOR FARM OWNERSHIP LOANS.

    (a) In General.--Section 302(b) of the Consolidated Farm and Rural 
Development Act (7 U.S.C. 1922(b)) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (1), in the matter preceding subparagraph 
        (A)--
                    (A) by striking ``(3)'' and inserting ``(5)''; and
                    (B) by inserting ``(not exceeding 2 years)'' after 
                ``period of time'';
            (2) by redesignating paragraphs (2) and (3) as paragraphs 
        (4) and (5), respectively; and
            (3) by inserting after paragraph (1) the following:
            ``(2) Other acceptable experience.--In determining whether 
        a farmer or rancher has other acceptable experience under 
        paragraph (1), the Secretary may count any of--
                    ``(A) not less than 16 hours of post-secondary 
                education in a field related to agriculture;
                    ``(B) successful completion of a farm management 
                curriculum offered by a cooperative extension service, 
                a community college, an adult vocational agriculture 
                program, a non-profit organization, or a land-grant 
                college or university;
                    ``(C) an honorable discharge from the armed forces 
                of the United States;
                    ``(D) successful repayment of a youth loan made 
                under section 311(b);
                    ``(E) at least 1 year as hired farm labor with 
                substantial management responsibilities;
                    ``(F) successful completion of a farm mentorship, 
                apprenticeship, or internship program with an emphasis 
                on management requirements and day-to-day farm 
                management decisions; and
                    ``(G) an established relationship with an 
                individual participating as a counselor who has 
                experience in farming or ranching or is a retired 
                farmer or rancher in a Service Corps of Retired 
                Executives program authorized under section 8(b)(1)(B) 
                of the Small Business Act (15 U.S.C. 637(b)(1)(B)), or 
                with a local farm or ranch operator or organization, 
                approved by the Secretary, that is committed to 
                mentoring the farmer or rancher.
            ``(3) Deeming rule.--For purposes of paragraph (1), a 
        farmer or rancher is deemed to have participated in the 
        business operations of a farm or ranch for not less than 3 
        years or have other acceptable experience for a period of time, 
        as determined by the Secretary, if the farmer or rancher meets 
        the requirements of subparagraphs (E) and (G) of paragraph 
        (2).''.
    (b) Conforming Amendment.--Section 310D(a)(2) of the Consolidated 
Farm and Rural Development Act (7 U.S.C. 1934(a)(2)) is amended by 
striking ``paragraphs (2) through (4) of section 302'' and inserting 
``subparagraphs (A) through (D) of section 302(a)(1)''.

SEC. 5102. CONSERVATION LOAN AND LOAN GUARANTEE PROGRAM.

    Section 304(h) of the Consolidated Farm and Rural Development Act 
(7 U.S.C. 1924(h)) is amended by striking ``2018'' and inserting 
``2023''.

SEC. 5103. LIMITATIONS ON AMOUNT OF FARM OWNERSHIP LOANS.

    Section 305 of the Consolidated Farm and Rural Development Act (7 
U.S.C. 1925) is amended in subsection (a), by striking ``smaller of'' 
and all that follows through the period at the end and inserting the 
following: ``lesser of--
            ``(1) the value of the farm or other security; and
            ``(2) in the case of--
                    ``(A) a loan other than a loan guaranteed by the 
                Secretary, $600,000 for each of fiscal years 2019 
                through 2023; or
                    ``(B) a loan guaranteed by the Secretary, subject 
                to subsection (c), $1,750,000 for each of fiscal years 
                2019 through 2023.''.

                      Subtitle B--Operating Loans

SEC. 5201. LIMITATIONS ON AMOUNT OF OPERATING LOANS.

    Section 313 of the Consolidated Farm and Rural Development Act (7 
U.S.C. 1943) is amended in subsection (a)(1), by striking ``to exceed'' 
and all that follows through ``Secretary);'' and inserting the 
following: ``to exceed, in the case of--
                    ``(A) a loan other than a loan guaranteed by the 
                Secretary, $400,000 for each of fiscal years 2019 
                through 2023; or
                    ``(B) a loan guaranteed by the Secretary, subject 
                to subsection (c), $1,750,000 for each of fiscal years 
                2019 through 2023;''.

SEC. 5202. COOPERATIVE LENDING PILOT PROJECTS.

    Section 313(c)(4)(A) of the Consolidated Farm and Rural Development 
Act (7 U.S.C. 1943(c)(4)(A)) is amended by striking ``2018'' and 
inserting ``2023''.

                 Subtitle C--Administrative Provisions

SEC. 5301. BEGINNING FARMER AND RANCHER INDIVIDUAL DEVELOPMENT ACCOUNTS 
              PILOT PROGRAM.

    Section 333B(h) of the Consolidated Farm and Rural Development Act 
(7 U.S.C. 1983b(h)) is amended by striking ``2018'' and inserting 
``2023''.

SEC. 5302. LOAN AUTHORIZATION LEVELS.

    Section 346(b)(1) of the Consolidated Farm and Rural Development 
Act (7 U.S.C. 1994(b)(1)) is amended--
            (1) in the matter preceding subparagraph (A), by striking 
        ``$4,226,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2008 through 2018'' 
        and inserting ``$12,000,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2019 
        through 2023''; and
            (2) by striking subparagraphs (A) and (B) and inserting the 
        following:
                    ``(A) $4,000,000,000 shall be for direct loans, of 
                which--
                            ``(i) $2,000,000,000 shall be for farm 
                        ownership loans under subtitle A; and
                            ``(ii) $2,000,000,000 shall be for 
                        operating loans under subtitle B; and
                    ``(B) $8,000,000,000 shall be for guaranteed loans, 
                of which--
                            ``(i) $4,000,000,000 shall be for farm 
                        ownership loans under subtitle A; and
                            ``(ii) $4,000,000,000 shall be for 
                        operating loans under subtitle B.''.

SEC. 5303. LOAN FUND SET-ASIDES.

    Section 346(b)(2)(A)(ii)(III) of the Consolidated Farm and Rural 
Development Act (7 U.S.C. 1994(b)(2)(A)(ii)(III)) is amended by 
striking ``2018'' and inserting ``2023''.

SEC. 5304. EQUITABLE RELIEF.

    The Consolidated Farm and Rural Development Act is amended by 
inserting after section 365 (7 U.S.C. 2008) the following:

``SEC. 366. EQUITABLE RELIEF.

    ``(a) In General.--Subject to subsection (b), the Secretary may 
provide a form of relief described in subsection (c) to any farmer or 
rancher who--
            ``(1) received a direct farm ownership, operating, or 
        emergency loan under this title; and
            ``(2) the Secretary determines is not in compliance with 
        the requirements of this title with respect to the loan.
    ``(b) Limitation.--The Secretary may only provide relief to a farm 
or rancher under subsection (a) if the Secretary determines that the 
farmer or rancher--
            ``(1) acted in good faith; and
            ``(2) relied on an action of, or the advice of, the 
        Secretary (including any authorized representative of the 
        Secretary) to the detriment of the farming or ranching 
        operation of the farmer or rancher.
    ``(c) Forms of Relief.--The Secretary may provide to a farmer or 
rancher under subsection (a) any of the following forms of relief:
            ``(1) The farmer or rancher may retain loans or other 
        benefits received in association with the loan with respect to 
        which the farmer or rancher was determined to be noncompliant 
        under subsection (a)(2).
            ``(2) The farmer or rancher may receive such other 
        equitable relief as the Secretary determines to be appropriate.
    ``(d) Condition.--As a condition of receiving relief under this 
section, the Secretary may require the farmer or rancher to take 
actions designed to remedy the noncompliance.
    ``(e) Administrative Appeal; Judicial Review.--A determination or 
action of the Secretary under this section--
            ``(1) shall be final; and
            ``(2) shall not be subject to administrative appeal or 
        judicial review under chapter 7 of title 5, United States 
        Code.''.

SEC. 5305. SOCIALLY DISADVANTAGED FARMERS AND RANCHERS; QUALIFIED 
              BEGINNING FARMERS AND RANCHERS.

    The Consolidated Farm and Rural Development Act is amended by 
inserting after section 366 (as added by section 5304) the following:

``SEC. 367. SOCIALLY DISADVANTAGED FARMERS AND RANCHERS; QUALIFIED 
              BEGINNING FARMERS AND RANCHERS.

    ``In the case of a loan guaranteed by the Secretary under subtitle 
A or B to a socially disadvantaged farmer or rancher (as defined in 
section 355(e)) or a qualified beginning farmer or rancher, the 
Secretary shall--
            ``(1) waive the guarantee fee of 1.5 percent; and
            ``(2) provide for a standard guarantee plan, which shall 
        cover an amount equal to 95 percent of the outstanding 
        principal of the loan.''.

SEC. 5306. EMERGENCY LOAN ELIGIBILITY.

    Section 373(b)(2)(B) of the Consolidated Farm and Rural Development 
Act (7 U.S.C. 2008h(b)(2)(B)) is amended--
            (1) by redesignating clauses (i) and (ii) as subclauses (I) 
        and (II), respectively, and indenting appropriately;
            (2) in the matter preceding subclause (I) (as so 
        redesignated), by striking ``The Secretary'' and inserting the 
        following:
                            ``(i) In general.--The Secretary''; and
            (3) by adding at the end the following:
                            ``(ii) Restructured loans.--For purposes of 
                        clause (i), a borrower who was restructured 
                        with a write-down or restructuring under 
                        section 353 shall not be considered to have 
                        received debt forgiveness on a loan made or 
                        guaranteed under this title.''.

                       Subtitle D--Miscellaneous

SEC. 5401. STATE AGRICULTURAL MEDIATION PROGRAMS.

    (a) Issues Covered by State Mediation Programs.--Section 501(c) of 
the Agricultural Credit Act of 1987 (7 U.S.C. 5101(c)) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (1)--
                    (A) in subparagraph (B)--
                            (i) in the matter preceding clause (i), by 
                        striking ``under the jurisdiction of the 
                        Department of Agriculture'';
                            (ii) in clause (ii), by inserting ``and the 
                        national organic program established under the 
                        Organic Foods Production Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 
                        6501 et seq.)'' before the period at the end; 
                        and
                            (iii) by striking clause (vii) and 
                        inserting the following:
                            ``(vii) Lease issues, including land leases 
                        and equipment leases.
                            ``(viii) Family farm transition.
                            ``(ix) Farmer-neighbor disputes.
                            ``(x) Such other issues as the Secretary or 
                        the head of the department of agriculture of 
                        each participating State considers appropriate 
                        for better serving the agricultural community 
                        and persons eligible for mediation.''; and
                    (B) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(C) Mediation services.--Funding provided for the 
                mediation program of a qualifying State may also be 
                used to provide credit counseling to persons described 
                in paragraph (2)--
                            ``(i) prior to the initiation of any 
                        mediation involving the Department of 
                        Agriculture; or
                            ``(ii) unrelated to any ongoing dispute or 
                        mediation in which the Department of 
                        Agriculture is a party.'';
            (2) in paragraph (2)(A)--
                    (A) in clause (ii), by striking ``and'' after the 
                semicolon;
                    (B) in clause (iii), by striking the period at the 
                end and inserting ``; and''; and
                    (C) by adding at the end the following:
                            ``(iv) any other persons involved in an 
                        issue described in any of clauses (i) through 
                        (x) of paragraph (1)(B).''; and
            (3) in paragraph (3)(F), by striking ``that persons'' and 
        inserting the following: ``that--
                            ``(i) the Department of Agriculture 
                        receives adequate notification of those issues; 
                        and
                            ``(ii) persons''.
    (b) Report Required.--Section 505 of the Agricultural Credit Act of 
1987 (7 U.S.C. 5105) is amended to read as follows:

``SEC. 505. REPORT.

    ``Not later than 2 years after the date of enactment of the 
Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018, the Secretary shall submit to 
Congress a report describing--
            ``(1) the effectiveness of the State mediation programs 
        receiving matching grants under this subtitle;
            ``(2) recommendations for improving the delivery of 
        mediation services to producers;
            ``(3) the steps being taken to ensure that State mediation 
        programs receive timely funding under this subtitle; and
            ``(4) the savings to the States as a result of having a 
        mediation program.''.
    (c) Authorization of Appropriations.--Section 506 of the 
Agricultural Credit Act of 1987 (7 U.S.C. 5106) is amended by striking 
``2018'' and inserting ``2023''.

SEC. 5402. SOCIALLY DISADVANTAGED FARMERS AND RANCHERS.

    (a) In General.--Section 4.19 of the Farm Credit Act of 1971 (12 
U.S.C. 2207) is amended--
            (1) by striking the section designation and heading and 
        inserting the following:

``SEC. 4.19. YOUNG, BEGINNING, SMALL, AND SOCIALLY DISADVANTAGED 
              FARMERS AND RANCHERS.''; AND

            (2) in subsection (a), in the first sentence, by striking 
        ``ranchers.'' and inserting ``ranchers and socially 
        disadvantaged farmers or ranchers (as defined in section 
        2501(e) of the Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act 
        of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 2279(e))).''.
    (b) Conforming Amendment.--Section 5.17(a)(3) of the Farm Credit 
Act of 1971 (12 U.S.C. 2252(a)(3)) is amended, in the second sentence, 
by striking ``ranchers.'' and inserting ``ranchers and socially 
disadvantaged farmers or ranchers (as defined in section 2501(e) of the 
Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 
2279(e))).''.

SEC. 5403. SHARING OF PRIVILEGED AND CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION.

    Section 5.19 of the Farm Credit Act of 1971 (12 U.S.C. 2254) is 
amended by adding at the end the following:
    ``(e) Sharing of Privileged and Confidential Information.--A System 
institution shall not be considered to have waived the confidentiality 
of a privileged communication with an attorney or an accountant if the 
System institution provides the content of the communication to the 
Farm Credit Administration pursuant to the supervisory or regulatory 
authorities of the Farm Credit Administration.''.

SEC. 5404. REMOVAL AND PROHIBITION AUTHORITY; INDUSTRY-WIDE 
              PROHIBITION.

    Part C of title V of the Farm Credit Act of 1971 is amended by 
inserting after section 5.29 (12 U.S.C. 2265) the following:

``SEC. 5.29A. REMOVAL AND PROHIBITION AUTHORITY; INDUSTRY-WIDE 
              PROHIBITION.

    ``(a) Definition of Person.--In this section, the term `person' 
means--
            ``(1) an individual; and
            ``(2) in the case of a specific determination by the Farm 
        Credit Administration, a legal entity.
    ``(b) Industry-wide Prohibition.--Except as provided in subsection 
(c), any person who, pursuant to an order issued under section 5.28 or 
5.29, has been removed or suspended from office at a System institution 
or prohibited from participating in the conduct of the affairs of a 
System institution shall not, during the period of effectiveness of the 
order, continue or commence to hold any office in, or participate in 
any manner in the conduct of the affairs of--
            ``(1) any insured depository institution subject to section 
        8(e)(7)(A)(i) of the Federal Deposit Insurance Act (12 U.S.C. 
        1818(e)(7)(A)(i));
            ``(2) any institution subject to section 8(e)(7)(A)(ii) of 
        the Federal Deposit Insurance Act (12 U.S.C. 
        1818(e)(7)(A)(ii));
            ``(3) any insured credit union under the Federal Credit 
        Union Act (12 U.S.C. 1751 et seq.);
            ``(4) any Federal home loan bank;
            ``(5) any institution chartered under this Act;
            ``(6) any appropriate Federal financial institutions 
        regulatory agency (as defined in section 8(e)(7)(D) of the 
        Federal Deposit Insurance Act (12 U.S.C. 1818(e)(7)(D)));
            ``(7) the Federal Housing Finance Agency; or
            ``(8) the Farm Credit Administration.
    ``(c) Exception for Institution-affiliated Party That Receives 
Written Consent.--
            ``(1) In general.--
                    ``(A) Affiliated parties.--If, on or after the date 
                on which an order described in subsection (b) is issued 
                that removes or suspends an institution-affiliated 
                party from office at a System institution or prohibits 
                an institution-affiliated party from participating in 
                the conduct of the affairs of a System institution, 
                that party receives written consent described in 
                subparagraph (B), subsection (b) shall not apply to 
                that party--
                            ``(i) to the extent provided in the written 
                        consent received; and
                            ``(ii) with respect to the institution 
                        described in each written consent.
                    ``(B) Written consent described.--The written 
                consent referred to in subparagraph (A) is written 
                consent received from--
                            ``(i) the Farm Credit Administration; and
                            ``(ii) each appropriate Federal financial 
                        institutions regulatory agency (as defined in 
                        section 8(e)(7)(D) of the Federal Deposit 
                        Insurance Act (12 U.S.C. 1818(e)(7)(D))) of the 
                        applicable institution described in any of 
                        paragraphs (1), (2), (3), or (4) of subsection 
                        (b) with respect to which the party proposes to 
                        be become an affiliated party.
            ``(2) Disclosure.--Any agency described in clause (i) or 
        (ii) of paragraph (1)(B) that provides a written consent under 
        that paragraph shall--
                    ``(A) report the action to the Farm Credit 
                Administration; and
                    ``(B) publicly disclose the action.
            ``(3) Consultation between agencies.--The agencies 
        described in clauses (i) and (ii) of paragraph (1)(B) shall 
        consult with each other before providing any written consent 
        under that paragraph.
    ``(d) Violations.--A violation of subsection (b) by any person who 
is subject to an order described in that subsection shall be treated as 
violation of that order.''.

SEC. 5405. JURISDICTION OVER INSTITUTION-AFFILIATED PARTIES.

    Part C of title V of the Farm Credit Act of 1971 is amended by 
inserting after section 5.31 (12 U.S.C. 2267) the following:

``SEC. 5.31A. JURISDICTION OVER INSTITUTION-AFFILIATED PARTIES.

    ``(a) In General.--For purposes of sections 5.25, 5.26, and 5.32, 
the jurisdiction of the Farm Credit Administration over parties, and 
the authority of the Farm Credit Administration to initiate actions, 
shall include enforcement authority over institution-affiliated 
parties.
    ``(b) Effect of Separation on Jurisdiction and Authority.--Subject 
to subsection (c), the resignation, termination of employment or 
participation, or separation of an institution-affiliated party 
(including a separation caused by the merger, consolidation, 
conservatorship, or receivership of a Farm Credit System institution) 
shall not affect the jurisdiction and authority of the Farm Credit 
Administration to issue any notice or order and proceed under this part 
against that party.
    ``(c) Limitation.--To proceed against a party under subsection (b), 
the notice or order described in that subsection shall be served not 
later than 6 years after the date on which the party ceased to be an 
institution-affiliated party with respect to the applicable Farm Credit 
System institution.
    ``(d) Applicability.--The date on which a party ceases to be an 
institution-affiliated party described in subsection (c) may occur 
before, on, or after the date of enactment of this section.''.

SEC. 5406. DEFINITION OF INSTITUTION-AFFILIATED PARTY.

    Section 5.35 of the Farm Credit Act of 1971 (12 U.S.C. 2271) is 
amended--
            (1) in paragraph (3), by striking ``and'' at the end;
            (2) by redesignating paragraph (4) as paragraph (5); and
            (3) by inserting after paragraph (3) the following:
            ``(4) the term `institution-affiliated party' means--
                    ``(A) a director, officer, employee, shareholder, 
                or agent of a System institution;
                    ``(B) an independent contractor (including an 
                attorney, appraiser, or accountant) who knowingly or 
                recklessly participates in--
                            ``(i) a violation of law (including 
                        regulations) that is associated with the 
                        operations and activities of 1 or more System 
                        institutions;
                            ``(ii) a breach of fiduciary duty; or
                            ``(iii) an unsafe practice that causes or 
                        is likely to cause more than a minimum 
                        financial loss to, or a significant adverse 
                        effect on, a System institution; and
                    ``(C) any other person, as determined by the Farm 
                Credit Administration (by regulation or on a case-by-
                case basis) who participates in the conduct of the 
                affairs of a System institution; and''.

SEC. 5407. REPEAL OF OBSOLETE PROVISIONS; TECHNICAL CORRECTIONS.

            (1) Section 1.1(c) of the Farm Credit Act of 1971 (12 
        U.S.C. 2001(c)) is amended in the first sentence by striking 
        ``including any costs of defeasance under section 4.8(b),''.
            (2) Section 1.2 of the Farm Credit Act of 1971 (12 U.S.C. 
        2002) is amended by striking subsection (a) and inserting the 
        following:
    ``(a) Composition.--The Farm Credit System shall include the Farm 
Credit Banks, the bank for cooperatives, Agricultural Credit Banks, the 
Federal Land Bank Associations, the Federal Land Credit Associations, 
the Production Credit Associations, the agricultural credit 
associations, the Federal Farm Credit Banks Funding Corporation, the 
Federal Agricultural Mortgage Corporation, service corporations 
established pursuant to section 4.25, and such other institutions as 
may be made a part of the Farm Credit System, all of which shall be 
chartered by and subject to regulation by the Farm Credit 
Administration.''.
            (3) Section 2.4 of the Farm Credit Act of 1971 (12 U.S.C. 
        2075) is amended by striking subsection (d).
            (4) Section 3.0(a) of the Farm Credit Act of 1971 (12 
        U.S.C. 2121(a)) is amended--
                    (A) in the third sentence, by striking ``and a 
                Central Bank for Cooperatives''; and
                    (B) by striking the fifth sentence.
            (5) Section 3.2 of the Farm Credit Act of 1971 (12 U.S.C. 
        2123) is amended--
                    (A) in subsection (a)--
                            (i) in paragraph (1), by striking ``not 
                        merged into the United Bank for Cooperatives or 
                        the National Bank for Cooperatives''; and
                            (ii) in paragraph (2)(A), in the matter 
                        preceding clause (i), by striking ``(other than 
                        the National Bank for Cooperatives)'';
                    (B) by striking subsection (b);
                    (C) in subsection (a)--
                            (i) by striking ``(a)(1) Each bank'' and 
                        inserting the following:
    ``(a) In General.--Each bank''; and
                            (ii) by striking ``(2)(A) If approved'' and 
                        inserting the following:
    ``(b) Nomination and Election.--
            ``(1) In general.--If approved'';
                    (D) in subsection (b)(1) (as so designated)--
                            (i) in subparagraph (B), by striking ``(B) 
                        The total'' and inserting the following:
            ``(2) Number of votes.--The total''; and
                            (ii) by redesignating clauses (i) and (ii) 
                        as subparagraphs (A) and (B), respectively, and 
                        indenting appropriately; and
                    (E) in paragraph (2) (as so designated), by 
                striking ``paragraph'' and inserting ``subsection''.
            (6) Section 3.5 of the Farm Credit Act of 1971 (12 U.S.C. 
        2126) is amended in the third sentence by striking 
        ``district''.
            (7) Section 3.7(a) of the Farm Credit Act of 1971 (12 
        U.S.C. 2128(a)) is amended by striking the second sentence.
            (8) Section 3.8(b)(1)(A) of the Farm Credit Act of 1971 (12 
        U.S.C. 2129(b)(1)(A)) is amended by inserting ``(or any 
        successor agency)'' after ``Rural Electrification 
        Administration''.
            (9) Section 3.9(a) of the Farm Credit Act of 1971 (12 
        U.S.C. 2130(a)) is amended by striking the third sentence.
            (10) Section 3.10 of the Farm Credit Act of 1971 (12 U.S.C. 
        2131) is amended--
                    (A) in subsection (c), by striking the second 
                sentence; and
                    (B) in subsection (d)--
                            (i) by striking ``district'' each place it 
                        appears; and
                            (ii) by inserting ``for cooperatives (or 
                        any successor bank)'' before ``on account''.
            (11) Section 3.11 of the Farm Credit Act of 1971 (12 U.S.C. 
        2132) is amended--
                    (A) in subsection (a), in the first sentence, by 
                striking ``subsections (b) and (c) of this section'' 
                and inserting ``subsection (b)'';
                    (B) in subsection (b)--
                            (i) in the first sentence, by striking 
                        ``district''; and
                            (ii) in the second sentence, by striking 
                        ``Except as provided in subsection (c) below, 
                        all'' and inserting ``All'';
                    (C) by striking subsection (c); and
                    (D) by redesignating subsections (d) through (f) as 
                subsections (c) through (e), respectively.
            (12) Part B of title III of the Farm Credit Act of 1971 (12 
        U.S.C. 2141 et seq.) is amended in the part heading by striking 
        ``United and''.
            (13) Section 3.20 of the Farm Credit Act of 1971 (12 U.S.C. 
        2141) is amended--
                    (A) in subsection (a), by striking ``or the United 
                Bank for Cooperatives, as the case may be''; and
                    (B) in subsection (b), by striking ``the district 
                banks for cooperatives and the Central Bank for 
                Cooperatives'' and inserting ``the constituent banks 
                described in section 413(b) of the Agricultural Credit 
                Act of 1987 (12 U.S.C. 2121 note; Public Law 100-
                233)''.
            (14) Section 3.21 of the Farm Credit Act of 1971 (12 U.S.C. 
        2142) is repealed.
            (15) Section 3.28 of the Farm Credit Act of 1971 (12 U.S.C. 
        2149) is amended by striking ``a district bank for cooperatives 
        and the Central Bank for Cooperatives'' and inserting ``the 
        constituent banks described in section 413(b) of the 
        Agricultural Credit Act of 1987 (12 U.S.C. 2121 note; Public 
        Law 100-233)''.
            (16) Section 3.29 of the Farm Credit Act of 1971 (12 U.S.C. 
        2149a) is repealed.
            (17) Section 4.0 of the Farm Credit Act of 1971 (12 U.S.C. 
        2151) is repealed.
            (18) Section 4.8 of the Farm Credit Act of 1971 (12 U.S.C. 
        2159) is amended--
                    (A) by striking the section designation and heading 
                and all that follows through ``Each bank'' in 
                subsection (a) and inserting the following:

``SEC. 4.8. PURCHASE AND SALE OF OBLIGATIONS.

    ``Each bank''; and
                    (B) by striking subsection (b).
            (19) Section 4.9 of the Farm Credit Act of 1971 (12 U.S.C. 
        2160) is amended--
                    (A) in subsection (d)--
                            (i) by striking paragraph (2) and inserting 
                        the following:
            ``(3) Representation of board.--The Farm Credit System 
        Insurance Corporation shall not have representation on the 
        board of directors of the Corporation.'';
                            (ii) in the undesignated matter following 
                        paragraph (1)(D), by striking ``In selecting'' 
                        and inserting the following:
            ``(2) Considerations.--In selecting''; and
                            (iii) in paragraph (2) (as so designated), 
                        by inserting ``of paragraph (1)'' after ``(A) 
                        and (B)'';
                    (B) by striking subsection (e); and
                    (C) by redesignating subsection (f) as subsection 
                (e).
            (20) Section 4.9A(c) of the Farm Credit Act of 1971 (12 
        U.S.C. 2162(c)) is amended--
                    (A) by striking ``institution, and--'' in the 
                matter preceding paragraph (1) and all that follows 
                through the period at the end of paragraph (2) and 
                inserting ``institution.'';
                    (B) by striking ``If an institution'' and inserting 
                the following:
            ``(1) In general.--If an institution'';
                    (C) in paragraph (1) (as so designated), by 
                striking ``the receiver of the institution'' and 
                inserting ``the Farm Credit System Insurance 
                Corporation, acting as receiver,''; and
                    (D) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(2) Funding.--The Farm Credit System Insurance 
        Corporation shall use such funds from the Farm Credit Insurance 
        Fund as are sufficient to carry out this section.''.
            (21) Section 4.12A(a) of the Farm Credit Act of 1971 (12 
        U.S.C. 2184(a)) is amended by striking paragraph (1) and 
        inserting the following:
            ``(1) In general.--A Farm Credit System bank or association 
        shall provide to a stockholder of the bank or association a 
        current list of stockholders of the bank or association not 
        later than 7 calendar days after the date on which the bank or 
        association receives a written request for the stockholder list 
        from the stockholder.''.
            (22) Section 4.14A of the Farm Credit Act of 1971 (12 
        U.S.C. 2202a) is amended--
                    (A) in subsection (a)--
                            (i) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), 
                        by inserting ``and section 4.36'' before the 
                        colon at the end; and
                            (ii) in paragraph (5)(B)(ii)(I), by 
                        striking ``4.14C,'';
                    (B) by striking subsection (h);
                    (C) by redesignating subsections (i) through (l) as 
                subsections (h) through (k), respectively; and
                    (D) in subsection (k) (as so redesignated), by 
                striking ``production credit''.
            (23) Section 4.14C of the Farm Credit Act of 1971 (12 
        U.S.C. 2202c) is repealed.
            (24) Section 4.17 of the Farm Credit Act of 1971 (12 U.S.C. 
        2205) is amended in the third sentence by striking ``Federal 
        intermediate credit banks and''.
            (25) Section 4.19(a) of the Farm Credit Act of 1971 (12 
        U.S.C. 2207(a)) (as amended by section 5402(a)(2)) is amended--
                    (A) in the first sentence--
                            (i) by striking ``district''; and
                            (ii) by striking ``Federal land bank 
                        association and production credit''; and
                    (B) in the second sentence, by striking ``units'' 
                and inserting ``institutions''.
            (26) Section 4.38 of the Farm Credit Act of 1971 (12 U.S.C. 
        2219c) is amended by striking ``The Assistance Board 
        established under section 6.0 and all'' and inserting ``All''.
            (27) Section 4.39 of the Farm Credit Act of 1971 (12 U.S.C. 
        2219d) is amended by striking ``8.0(7))'' and inserting 
        ``8.0)''.
            (28) Section 5.16 of the Farm Credit Act of 1971 (12 U.S.C. 
        2251) is amended--
                    (A) by striking the section designation and heading 
                and all that follows through ``As an alternate'' in the 
                matter preceding paragraph (1) and inserting the 
                following:

``SEC. 5.16. OFFICES, QUARTERS, AND FACILITIES FOR THE FARM CREDIT 
              ADMINISTRATION.

    ``(a) Offices.--The Farm Credit Administration shall maintain--
            ``(1) the principal office of the Farm Credit 
        Administration within the Washington-Arlington-Alexandria, DC-
        VA-MD-WV Metropolitan Statistical Area, as defined by the 
        Office of Management and Budget; and
            ``(2) such other offices in the United States as the Farm 
        Credit Administration determines are necessary.
    ``(b) Quarters and Facilities.--As an alternative''; and
                    (B) in the undesignated matter following paragraph 
                (5) of subsection (b) (as so designated)--
                            (i) in the fifth sentence, by striking ``In 
                        actions undertaken by the banks pursuant to the 
                        foregoing provisions of this section'' and 
                        inserting the following:
            ``(5) Agent for banks.--In actions undertaken by the banks 
        pursuant to this section'';
                            (ii) in the fourth sentence, by striking 
                        ``The plans'' and inserting the following:
            ``(4) Approval of board.--The plans'';
                            (iii) in the third sentence, by striking 
                        ``The powers'' and inserting the following:
            ``(3) Powers of banks.--The powers'';
                            (iv) in the second sentence, by striking 
                        ``Such advances'' and inserting the following:
            ``(2) Advances.--The advances of funds described in 
        paragraph (1)''; and
                            (v) in the first sentence, by striking 
                        ``The Board'' and inserting the following:
    ``(c) Financing.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Board''.
            (29) Section 5.17(a)(2) of the Farm Credit Act of 1971 (12 
        U.S.C. 2252(a)(2)) is amended by striking the second and third 
        sentences.
            (30) Section 5.18 of the Farm Credit Act of 1971 (12 U.S.C. 
        2253) is repealed.
            (31) Section 5.19 of the Farm Credit Act of 1971 (12 U.S.C. 
        2254) is amended--
                    (A) in subsection (a)--
                            (i) in the first sentence, by striking 
                        ``Except for Federal land bank associations, 
                        each'' and inserting ``Each''; and
                            (ii) by striking the second sentence; and
                    (B) in subsection (b)--
                            (i) by striking ``(b)(1) Each'' and 
                        inserting ``(b) Each'';
                            (ii) in the matter preceding paragraph (2) 
                        (as so designated)--
                                    (I) in the second sentence, by 
                                striking ``, except with respect to any 
                                actions taken by any banks of the 
                                System under section 4.8(b),''; and
                                    (II) by striking the third 
                                sentence; and
                            (iii) by striking paragraphs (2) and (3).
            (32) Section 5.31 of the Farm Credit Act of 1971 (12 U.S.C. 
        2267) is amended in the second sentence by striking 
        ``4.14A(i)'' and inserting ``4.14A(h)''.
            (33) Section 5.32(h) of the Farm Credit Act of 1971 (12 
        U.S.C. 2268(h)) is amended by striking ``4.14A(i)'' and 
        inserting ``4.14A(h)''.
            (34) Section 5.35 of the Farm Credit Act of 1971 (12 U.S.C. 
        2271) is amended in paragraph (5) (as redesignated by section 
        5406(2))--
                    (A) in subparagraph (A), by adding ``and'' at the 
                end;
                    (B) by striking subparagraph (B);
                    (C) by redesignating subparagraph (C) as 
                subparagraph (B); and
                    (D) in subparagraph (B) (as so redesignated)--
                            (i) by striking ``after December 31, 
                        1992,''; and
                            (ii) by striking ``by the Farm Credit 
                        System Assistance Board under section 6.6 or''.
            (35) Section 5.38 of the Farm Credit Act of 1971 (12 U.S.C. 
        2274) is amended by striking ``a farm'' and all that follows 
        through ``land bank'' and inserting ``a Farm Credit Bank board, 
        officer, or employee shall not remove any director or officer 
        of any''.
            (36) Section 5.44 of the Farm Credit Act of 1971 (12 U.S.C. 
        2275) is repealed.
            (37) Section 5.58(2) of the Farm Credit Act of 1971 (12 
        U.S.C. 2277a-7(2)) is amended by striking the second sentence.
            (38) Section 5.60 of the Farm Credit Act of 1971 (12 U.S.C. 
        2277a-9) is amended--
                    (A) in subsection (b), by striking the subsection 
                designation and heading and all that follows through 
                ``The Corporation'' in paragraph (2) and inserting the 
                following:
    ``(b) Amounts in Fund.--The Corporation''; and
                    (B) in subsection (c)(2), by striking ``Insurance 
                Fund to--'' in the matter preceding subparagraph (A) 
                and all that follows through ``ensure'' in subparagraph 
                (B) and inserting ``Insurance Fund to ensure''.
            (39) Title VI of the Farm Credit Act of 1971 (12 U.S.C. 
        2278a et seq.) is repealed.
            (40) Section 7.9 of the Farm Credit Act of 1971 (12 U.S.C. 
        2279c-2) is amended by striking subsection (c).
            (41) Section 7.10(a) of the Farm Credit Act of 1971 (12 
        U.S.C. 2279d(a)) is amended by striking paragraph (4) and 
        inserting the following:
            ``(4) the institution pays to the Farm Credit Insurance 
        Fund the amount by which the total capital of the institution 
        exceeds 6 percent of the assets;''.
            (42) Section 8.0 of the Farm Credit Act of 1971 (12 U.S.C. 
        2279aa) is amended--
                    (A) in paragraph (2), by striking ``means--'' in 
                the matter preceding subparagraph (A) and all that 
                follows through the period at the end of the 
                undesignated matter following subparagraph (B) and 
                inserting ``means the board of directors established 
                under section 8.2.'';
                    (B) by striking paragraphs (6) and (8);
                    (C) by redesignating paragraphs (7), (9), and (10) 
                as paragraphs (6), (7), and (8), respectively; and
                    (D) in subparagraph (B)(i) of paragraph (7) (as so 
                redesignated), by striking ``(b) through (d)'' and 
                inserting ``(b) and (c)''.
            (43) Section 8.2 of the Farm Credit Act of 1971 (12 U.S.C. 
        2279aa-2) is amended--
                    (A) by striking subsection (a);
                    (B) in subsection (b), by striking the subsection 
                designation and heading and all that follows through 
                the period at the end of paragraph (1) and inserting 
                the following:
    ``(a) In General.--
            ``(1) Establishment.--The Corporation shall be under the 
        management of the board of directors.'';
                    (C) in subsection (a) (as so designated)--
                            (i) by striking ``permanent board'' each 
                        place it appears and inserting ``Board'';
                            (ii) by striking paragraph (3);
                            (iii) by redesignating paragraphs (4) 
                        through (10) as paragraphs (3) through (9), 
                        respectively; and
                            (iv) in paragraph (3)(A) (as so 
                        redesignated), by striking ``(6)'' and 
                        inserting ``(5)''; and
                    (D) by redesignating subsection (c) as subsection 
                (b).
            (44) Section 8.4(a)(1) of the Farm Credit Act of 1971 (12 
        U.S.C. 2279aa-4(a)(1)) is amended--
                    (A) in the sixth sentence--
                            (i) by striking ``Class B'' and inserting 
                        the following:
                            ``(iii) Class b stock.--Class B''; and
                            (ii) by striking ``8.2(b)(2)(B)'' and 
                        inserting ``8.2(a)(2)(B)'';
                    (B) in the fifth sentence--
                            (i) by striking ``Class A'' and inserting 
                        the following:
                            ``(ii) Class a stock.--Class A''; and
                            (ii) by striking ``8.2(b)(2)(A)'' and 
                        inserting ``8.2(a)(2)(A)'';
                    (C) in the fourth sentence, by striking ``The 
                stock'' and inserting the following:
                    ``(D) Classes of stock.--
                            ``(i) In general.--The stock'';
                    (D) by striking the third sentence and inserting 
                the following:
                    ``(C) Offers.--
                            ``(i) In general.--The Board shall offer 
                        the voting common stock to banks, other 
                        financial institutions, insurance companies, 
                        and System institutions under such terms and 
                        conditions as the Board may adopt.
                            ``(ii) Requirements.--The voting common 
                        stock shall be fairly and broadly offered to 
                        ensure that--
                                    ``(I) no institution or 
                                institutions acquire a disproportionate 
                                share of the total quantity of the 
                                voting common stock outstanding of a 
                                class of stock; and
                                    ``(II) capital contributions and 
                                issuances of voting common stock for 
                                the contributions are fairly 
                                distributed between entities eligible 
                                to hold class A stock and class B 
                                stock.'';
                    (E) in the second sentence, by striking ``Each 
                share'' and inserting the following:
                    ``(B) Number of votes.--Each share''; and
                    (F) in the first sentence, by striking ``The 
                Corporation'' and inserting the following:
                    ``(A) In general.--The Corporation''.
            (45) Section 8.6 of the Farm Credit Act of 1971 (12 U.S.C. 
        2279aa-6) is amended--
                    (A) by striking subsection (d);
                    (B) by redesignating subsection (e) as subsection 
                (d); and
                    (C) in paragraph (2) of subsection (d) (as so 
                redesignated), by striking ``8.0(9))'' and inserting 
                ``8.0)''.
            (46) Section 8.9 of the Farm Credit Act of 1971 (12 U.S.C. 
        2279aa-9) is amended by striking ``4.14C,'' each place it 
        appears.
            (47) Section 8.11(e) of the Farm Credit Act of 1971 (12 
        U.S.C. 2279aa-11(e)) is amended by striking ``8.0(7))'' and 
        inserting ``8.0)''.
            (48) Section 8.32(a) of the Farm Credit Act of 1971 (12 
        U.S.C. 2279bb-1(a)) is amended--
                    (A) in the first sentence of the matter preceding 
                paragraph (1), by striking ``Not sooner than the 
                expiration of the 3-year period beginning on the date 
                of enactment of the Farm Credit System Reform Act of 
                1996, the'' and inserting ``The''; and
                    (B) in paragraph (1)(B), by striking ``8.0(9)(C)'' 
                and inserting ``8.0(7)(C)''.
            (49) Section 8.33(b)(2)(A) of the Farm Credit Act of 1971 
        (12 U.S.C. 2279bb-2(b)(2)(A)) is amended by striking ``8.6(e)'' 
        and inserting ``8.6(d)''.
            (50) Section 8.35 of the Farm Credit Act of 1971 (12 U.S.C. 
        2279bb-4) is amended by striking subsection (e).
            (51) Section 8.38 of the Farm Credit Act of 1971 (12 U.S.C. 
        2279bb-7) is repealed.
            (52) Section 4 of the Agricultural Marketing Act (12 U.S.C. 
        1141b) is repealed.
            (53) Section 5 of the Agricultural Marketing Act (12 U.S.C. 
        1141c) is repealed.
            (54) Section 6 of the Agricultural Marketing Act (12 U.S.C. 
        1141d) is repealed.
            (55) Section 7 of the Agricultural Marketing Act (12 U.S.C. 
        1141e) is repealed.
            (56) Section 8 of the Agricultural Marketing Act (12 U.S.C. 
        1141f) is repealed.
            (57) Section 14 of the Agricultural Marketing Act (12 
        U.S.C. 1141i) is repealed.
            (58) The Act of June 22, 1939 (53 Stat. 853, chapter 239; 
        12 U.S.C. 1141d-1), is repealed.
            (59) Section 201(e) of the Emergency Relief and 
        Construction Act of 1932 (12 U.S.C. 1148) is repealed.
            (60) Section 2 of the Act of July 14, 1953 (67 Stat. 150, 
        chapter 192; 12 U.S.C. 1148a-4), is repealed.
            (61) Section 32 of the Farm Credit Act of 1937 (12 U.S.C. 
        1148b) is repealed.
            (62) Section 33 of the Farm Credit Act of 1937 (12 U.S.C. 
        1148c) is repealed.
            (63) Section 34 of the Farm Credit Act of 1937 (12 U.S.C. 
        1148d) is repealed.
            (64) The Joint Resolution of March 3, 1932 (47 Stat. 60, 
        chapter 70; 12 U.S.C. 1401 et seq.), is repealed.

SEC. 5408. CORPORATION AS CONSERVATOR OR RECEIVER; CERTAIN OTHER 
              POWERS.

    Part E of title V of the Farm Credit Act of 1971 is amended by 
inserting after section 5.61B (12 U.S.C. 2277a-10b) the following:

``SEC. 5.61C. CORPORATION AS CONSERVATOR OR RECEIVER; CERTAIN OTHER 
              POWERS.

    ``(a) Definition of Institution.--In this section, the term 
`institution' includes any System institution for which the Corporation 
has been appointed as conservator or receiver.
    ``(b) Certain Powers and Duties of Corporation as Conservator or 
Receiver.--In addition to the powers inherent in the express grant of 
corporate authority under section 5.58(9), and other powers exercised 
by the Corporation under this part, the Corporation shall have the 
following express powers to act as a conservator or receiver:
            ``(1) Rulemaking authority of corporation.--The Corporation 
        may prescribe such regulations as the Corporation determines to 
        be appropriate regarding the conduct of conservatorships or 
        receiverships.
            ``(2) General powers.--
                    ``(A) Successor to system institution.--The 
                Corporation shall, as conservator or receiver, and by 
                operation of law, succeed to--
                            ``(i) all rights, titles, powers, and 
                        privileges of the System institution, and of 
                        any stockholder, member, officer, or director 
                        of such System institution with respect to the 
                        System institution and the assets of the System 
                        institution; and
                            ``(ii) title to the books, records, and 
                        assets of any previous conservator or other 
                        legal custodian of such System institution.
                    ``(B) Operate the system institution.--The 
                Corporation may, as conservator or receiver--
                            ``(i) take over the assets of and operate 
                        the System institution with all the powers of 
                        the stockholders or members, the directors, and 
                        the officers of the System institution and 
                        conduct all business of the System institution;
                            ``(ii) collect all obligations and money 
                        due the System institution;
                            ``(iii) perform all functions of the System 
                        institution in the name of the System 
                        institution which are consistent with the 
                        appointment as conservator or receiver;
                            ``(iv) preserve and conserve the assets and 
                        property of such System institution; and
                            ``(v) provide by contract for assistance in 
                        fulfilling any function, activity, action, or 
                        duty of the Corporation as conservator or 
                        receiver.
                    ``(C) Functions of system institution's officers, 
                directors, members, and stockholders.--The Corporation 
                may, by regulation or order, provide for the exercise 
                of any function by any stockholder, member, director, 
                or officer of any System institution for which the 
                Corporation has been appointed conservator or receiver.
                    ``(D) Powers as conservator.--Subject to any Farm 
                Credit Administration approvals required under this 
                Act, the Corporation may, as conservator, take such 
                action as may be--
                            ``(i) necessary to put the System 
                        institution in a sound and solvent condition; 
                        and
                            ``(ii) appropriate to carry on the business 
                        of the System institution and preserve and 
                        conserve the assets and property of the System 
                        institution.
                    ``(E) Additional powers as receiver.--The 
                Corporation may, as receiver, liquidate the System 
                institution and proceed to realize upon the assets of 
                the System institution, in such manner as the 
                Corporation determines to be appropriate.
                    ``(F) Organization of new system bank.--The 
                Corporation may, as receiver with respect to any System 
                bank, organize a bridge System bank under subsection 
                (h).
                    ``(G) Merger; transfer of assets and liabilities.--
                            ``(i) In general.--Subject to clause (ii), 
                        the Corporation may, as conservator or 
                        receiver--
                                    ``(I) merge the System institution 
                                with another System institution; and
                                    ``(II) transfer or sell any asset 
                                or liability of the System institution 
                                in default without any approval, 
                                assignment, or consent with respect to 
                                such transfer.
                            ``(ii) Approval.--No merger or transfer 
                        under clause (i) may be made to another System 
                        institution (other than a bridge System bank 
                        under subsection (h)) without the approval of 
                        the Farm Credit Administration.
                    ``(H) Payment of valid obligations.--The 
                Corporation, as conservator or receiver, shall, to the 
                extent that proceeds are realized from the performance 
                of contracts or the sale of the assets of a System 
                institution, pay all valid obligations of the System 
                institution in accordance with the prescriptions and 
                limitations of this section.
                    ``(I) Incidental powers.--
                            ``(i) In general.--The Corporation may, as 
                        conservator or receiver--
                                    ``(I) exercise all powers and 
                                authorities specifically granted to 
                                conservators or receivers, 
                                respectively, under this section and 
                                such incidental powers as shall be 
                                necessary to carry out such powers; and
                                    ``(II) take any action authorized 
                                by this section, which the Corporation 
                                determines is in the best interests 
                                of--
                                            ``(aa) the System 
                                        institution in receivership or 
                                        conservatorship;
                                            ``(bb) System institutions;
                                            ``(cc) System institution 
                                        stockholders or investors; or
                                            ``(dd) the Corporation.
                            ``(ii) Termination of rights and claims.--
                                    ``(I) In general.--Except as 
                                provided in subclause (II), 
                                notwithstanding any other provision of 
                                law, the appointment of the Corporation 
                                as receiver for a System institution 
                                and the succession of the Corporation, 
                                by operation of law, to the rights, 
                                titles, powers, and privileges 
                                described in subparagraph (A) shall 
                                terminate all rights and claims that 
                                the stockholders and creditors of the 
                                System institution may have, arising as 
                                a result of their status as 
                                stockholders or creditors, against the 
                                assets or charter of the System 
                                institution or the Corporation.
                                    ``(II) Exceptions.--Subclause (I) 
                                shall not terminate the right to 
                                payment, resolution, or other 
                                satisfaction of the claims of 
                                stockholders and creditors described in 
                                that subclause, as permitted under 
                                paragraphs (10) and (11) and subsection 
                                (d).
                            ``(iii) Charter.--Notwithstanding any other 
                        provision of law, for purposes of this section, 
                        the charter of a System institution shall not 
                        be considered to be an asset of the System 
                        institution.
                    ``(J) Utilization of private sector.--In carrying 
                out its responsibilities in the management and 
                disposition of assets from System institutions, as 
                conservator, receiver, or in its corporate capacity, 
                the Corporation may utilize the services of private 
                persons, including real estate and loan portfolio asset 
                management, property management, auction marketing, 
                legal, and brokerage services, if the Corporation 
                determines utilization of such services is practicable, 
                efficient, and cost effective.
            ``(3) Authority of receiver to determine claims.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The Corporation may, as 
                receiver, determine claims in accordance with the 
                requirements of this subsection and regulations 
                prescribed under paragraph (4).
                    ``(B) Notice requirements.--The receiver, in any 
                case involving the liquidation or winding up of the 
                affairs of a closed System institution, shall--
                            ``(i) promptly publish a notice to the 
                        System institution's creditors to present their 
                        claims, together with proof, to the receiver by 
                        a date specified in the notice which shall be 
                        not less than 90 days after the publication of 
                        such notice; and
                            ``(ii) republish such notice approximately 
                        1 month and 2 months, respectively, after the 
                        publication under clause (i).
                    ``(C) Mailing required.--The receiver shall mail a 
                notice similar to the notice published under 
                subparagraph (B)(i) at the time of such publication to 
                any creditor shown on the System institution's books--
                            ``(i) at the creditor's last address 
                        appearing in such books; or
                            ``(ii) upon discovery of the name and 
                        address of a claimant not appearing on the 
                        System institution's books within 30 days after 
                        the discovery of such name and address.
            ``(4) Rulemaking authority relating to determination of 
        claims.--The Corporation may prescribe regulations regarding 
        the allowance or disallowance of claims by the receiver and 
        providing for administrative determination of claims and review 
        of such determination.
            ``(5) Procedures for determination of claims.--
                    ``(A) Determination period.--
                            ``(i) In general.--Before the end of the 
                        180-day period beginning on the date any claim 
                        against a System institution is filed with the 
                        Corporation as receiver, the Corporation shall 
                        determine whether to allow or disallow the 
                        claim and shall notify the claimant of any 
                        determination with respect to such claim.
                            ``(ii) Extension of time.--The period 
                        described in clause (i) may be extended by a 
                        written agreement between the claimant and the 
                        Corporation.
                            ``(iii) Mailing of notice sufficient.--The 
                        requirements of clause (i) shall be deemed to 
                        be satisfied if the notice of any determination 
                        with respect to any claim is mailed to the last 
                        address of the claimant which appears--
                                    ``(I) on the System institution's 
                                books;
                                    ``(II) in the claim filed by the 
                                claimant; or
                                    ``(III) in documents submitted in 
                                proof of the claim.
                            ``(iv) Contents of notice of 
                        disallowance.--If any claim filed under clause 
                        (i) is disallowed, the notice to the claimant 
                        shall contain--
                                    ``(I) a statement of each reason 
                                for the disallowance; and
                                    ``(II) the procedures available for 
                                obtaining agency review of the 
                                determination to disallow the claim or 
                                judicial determination of the claim.
                    ``(B) Allowance of proven claims.--The receiver 
                shall allow any claim received on or before the date 
                specified in the notice published under paragraph 
                (3)(B)(i) by the receiver from any claimant which is 
                proved to the satisfaction of the receiver.
                    ``(C) Disallowance of claims filed after end of 
                filing period.--
                            ``(i) In general.--Except as provided in 
                        clause (ii), claims filed after the date 
                        specified in the notice published under 
                        paragraph (3)(B)(i) shall be disallowed and 
                        such disallowance shall be final.
                            ``(ii) Certain exceptions.--Clause (i) 
                        shall not apply with respect to any claim filed 
                        by any claimant after the date specified in the 
                        notice published under paragraph (3)(B)(i) and 
                        such claim may be considered by the receiver 
                        if--
                                    ``(I) the claimant did not receive 
                                notice of the appointment of the 
                                receiver in time to file such claim 
                                before such date; and
                                    ``(II) such claim is filed in time 
                                to permit payment of such claim.
                    ``(D) Authority to disallow claims.--
                            ``(i) In general.--The receiver may 
                        disallow any portion of any claim by a creditor 
                        or claim of security, preference, or priority 
                        which is not proved to the satisfaction of the 
                        receiver.
                            ``(ii) Payments to less than fully secured 
                        creditors.--In the case of a claim of a 
                        creditor against a System institution which is 
                        secured by any property or other asset of such 
                        System institution, any receiver appointed for 
                        any System institution--
                                    ``(I) may treat the portion of such 
                                claim which exceeds an amount equal to 
                                the fair market value of such property 
                                or other asset as an unsecured claim 
                                against the System institution; and
                                    ``(II) may not make any payment 
                                with respect to such unsecured portion 
                                of the claim other than in connection 
                                with the disposition of all claims of 
                                unsecured creditors of the System 
                                institution.
                            ``(iii) Exceptions.--No provision of this 
                        paragraph shall apply with respect to--
                                    ``(I) any extension of credit from 
                                any Federal Reserve bank or the United 
                                States Treasury to any System 
                                institution; or
                                    ``(II) any security interest in the 
                                assets of the System institution 
                                securing any such extension of credit.
                    ``(E) No judicial review of determination pursuant 
                to subparagraph (d).--No court may review the 
                Corporation's determination pursuant to subparagraph 
                (D) to disallow a claim.
                    ``(F) Legal effect of filing.--
                            ``(i) Statute of limitation tolled.--For 
                        purposes of any applicable statute of 
                        limitations, the filing of a claim with the 
                        receiver shall constitute a commencement of an 
                        action.
                            ``(ii) No prejudice to other actions.--
                        Subject to paragraph (12) and the determination 
                        of claims by a receiver, the filing of a claim 
                        with the receiver shall not prejudice any right 
                        of the claimant to continue any action which 
                        was filed before the appointment of the 
                        receiver.
            ``(6) Provision for judicial determination of claims.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Before the end of the 60-day 
                period beginning on the earlier of--
                            ``(i) the end of the period described in 
                        paragraph (5)(A)(i) with respect to any claim 
                        against a System institution for which the 
                        Corporation is receiver; or
                            ``(ii) the date of any notice of 
                        disallowance of such claim pursuant to 
                        paragraph (5)(A)(i),
                the claimant may request administrative review of the 
                claim in accordance with paragraph (7) or file suit on 
                such claim (or continue an action commenced before the 
                appointment of the receiver) in the district or 
                territorial court of the United States for the district 
                within which the System institution's principal place 
                of business is located or the United States District 
                Court for the District of Columbia (and such court 
                shall have jurisdiction to hear such claim).
                    ``(B) Statute of limitations.--If any claimant 
                fails to file suit on such claim (or continue an action 
                commenced before the appointment of the receiver), 
                before the end of the 60-day period described in 
                subparagraph (A), the claim shall be deemed to be 
                disallowed (other than any portion of such claim which 
                was allowed by the receiver) as of the end of such 
                period, such disallowance shall be final, and the 
                claimant shall have no further rights or remedies with 
                respect to such claim.
            ``(7) Review of claims; administrative hearing.--If any 
        claimant requests review under this paragraph in lieu of filing 
        or continuing any action under paragraph (6) and the 
        Corporation agrees to such request, the Corporation shall 
        consider the claim after opportunity for a hearing on the 
        record. The final determination of the Corporation with respect 
        to such claim shall be subject to judicial review under chapter 
        7 of title 5, United States Code.
            ``(8) Expedited determination of claims.--
                    ``(A) Establishment required.--The Corporation 
                shall establish a procedure for expedited relief 
                outside of the routine claims process established under 
                paragraph (5) for claimants who--
                            ``(i) allege the existence of legally valid 
                        and enforceable or perfected security interests 
                        in assets of any System institution for which 
                        the Corporation has been appointed receiver; 
                        and
                            ``(ii) allege that irreparable injury will 
                        occur if the routine claims procedure is 
                        followed.
                    ``(B) Determination period.--Before the end of the 
                90-day period beginning on the date any claim is filed 
                in accordance with the procedures established pursuant 
                to subparagraph (A), the Corporation shall--
                            ``(i) determine--
                                    ``(I) whether to allow or disallow 
                                such claim; or
                                    ``(II) whether such claim should be 
                                determined pursuant to the procedures 
                                established pursuant to paragraph (5); 
                                and
                            ``(ii) notify the claimant of the 
                        determination, and if the claim is disallowed, 
                        provide a statement of each reason for the 
                        disallowance and the procedure for obtaining 
                        agency review or judicial determination.
                    ``(C) Period for filing or renewing suit.--Any 
                claimant who files a request for expedited relief shall 
                be permitted to file a suit, or to continue a suit 
                filed before the appointment of the receiver, seeking a 
                determination of the claimant's rights with respect to 
                such security interest after the earlier of--
                            ``(i) the end of the 90-day period 
                        beginning on the date of the filing of a 
                        request for expedited relief; or
                            ``(ii) the date the Corporation denies the 
                        claim.
                    ``(D) Statute of limitations.--If an action 
                described in subparagraph (C) is not filed, or the 
                motion to renew a previously filed suit is not made, 
                before the end of the 30-day period beginning on the 
                date on which such action or motion may be filed in 
                accordance with subparagraph (B), the claim shall be 
                deemed to be disallowed as of the end of such period 
                (other than any portion of such claim which was allowed 
                by the receiver), such disallowance shall be final, and 
                the claimant shall have no further rights or remedies 
                with respect to such claim.
                    ``(E) Legal effect of filing.--
                            ``(i) Statute of limitation tolled.--For 
                        purposes of any applicable statute of 
                        limitations, the filing of a claim with the 
                        receiver shall constitute a commencement of an 
                        action.
                            ``(ii) No prejudice to other actions.--
                        Subject to paragraph (12), the filing of a 
                        claim with the receiver shall not prejudice any 
                        right of the claimant to continue any action 
                        which was filed before the appointment of the 
                        receiver.
            ``(9) Agreement as basis of claim.--
                    ``(A) Requirements.--Except as provided in 
                subparagraph (B), any agreement which does not meet the 
                requirements set forth in section 5.61(d) shall not 
                form the basis of, or substantially comprise, a claim 
                against the receiver or the Corporation.
                    ``(B) Exception to contemporaneous execution 
                requirement.--Notwithstanding section 5.61(d), any 
                agreement relating to an extension of credit between a 
                Federal Reserve bank or the United States Treasury and 
                any System institution which was executed before such 
                extension of credit to such System institution shall be 
                treated as having been executed contemporaneously with 
                such extension of credit for purposes of subparagraph 
                (A).
            ``(10) Payment of claims.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The receiver may, in the 
                receiver's discretion and to the extent funds are 
                available from the assets of the System institution, 
                pay creditor claims which are allowed by the receiver, 
                approved by the Corporation pursuant to a final 
                determination pursuant to paragraph (7) or (8), or 
                determined by the final judgment of any court of 
                competent jurisdiction in such manner and amounts as 
                are authorized under this Act.
                    ``(B) Liquidation payments.--The receiver may, in 
                the receiver's sole discretion, pay from the assets of 
                the System institution portions of proved claims at any 
                time, and no liability shall attach to the Corporation 
                (in such Corporation's corporate capacity or as 
                receiver), by reason of any such payment, for failure 
                to make payments to a claimant whose claim is not 
                proved at the time of any such payment.
                    ``(C) Rulemaking authority of corporation.--The 
                Corporation may prescribe such rules, including 
                definitions of terms, as it deems appropriate to 
                establish a single uniform interest rate for or to make 
                payments of post insolvency interest to creditors 
                holding proven claims against the receivership estates 
                of System institutions following satisfaction by the 
                receiver of the principal amount of all creditor 
                claims.
            ``(11) Priority of expenses and claims.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Amounts realized from the 
                liquidation or other resolution of any System 
                institution by any receiver appointed for such System 
                institution shall be distributed to pay claims (other 
                than secured claims to the extent of any such security) 
                in the following order of priority:
                            ``(i) Administrative expenses of the 
                        receiver.
                            ``(ii) If authorized by the Corporation, 
                        wages, salaries, or commissions, including 
                        vacation, severance, and sick leave pay earned 
                        by an individual--
                                    ``(I) in an amount that is not more 
                                than $11,725 for each individual (as 
                                indexed for inflation, by regulation of 
                                the Corporation); and
                                    ``(II) that is earned 180 days or 
                                fewer before the date of appointment of 
                                the Corporation as receiver.
                            ``(iii) In the case of the resolution of a 
                        System bank, all claims of holders of 
                        consolidated and System-wide bonds and all 
                        claims of the other System banks arising from 
                        the payments of the System banks pursuant to--
                                    ``(I) section 4.4 on consolidated 
                                and System-wide bonds issued under 
                                subsection (c) or (d) of section 4.2; 
                                or
                                    ``(II) an agreement, in writing and 
                                approved by the Farm Credit 
                                Administration, among the System banks 
                                to reallocate the payments.
                            ``(iv) In the case of the resolution of a 
                        production credit association or other 
                        association making direct loans under section 
                        7.6, all claims of a System bank based on the 
                        financing agreement between the association and 
                        the System bank--
                                    ``(I) including interest accrued 
                                before and after the appointment of the 
                                receiver; and
                                    ``(II) not including any setoff for 
                                stock or other equity of that System 
                                bank owned by the association, on that 
                                condition that, prior to making that 
                                setoff, that System bank shall obtain 
                                the approval of the Farm Credit 
                                Administration Board for the retirement 
                                of that stock or equity.
                            ``(v) Any general or senior liability of 
                        the System institution (which is not a 
                        liability described in clause (vi) or (vii)).
                            ``(vi) Any obligation subordinated to 
                        general creditors (which is not an obligation 
                        described in clause (vii)).
                            ``(vii) Any obligation to stockholders or 
                        members arising as a result of their status as 
                        stockholders or members.
                    ``(B) Payment of claims.--
                            ``(i) In general.--
                                    ``(I) Payment.--All claims of each 
                                priority described in clauses (i) 
                                through (vii) of subparagraph (A) shall 
                                be paid in full, or provisions shall be 
                                made for that payment, prior to the 
                                payment of any claim of a lesser 
                                priority.
                                    ``(II) Insufficient funds.--If 
                                there are insufficient funds to pay in 
                                full all claims in any priority 
                                described clauses (i) through (vii) of 
                                subparagraph (A), distribution on that 
                                priority of claims shall be made on a 
                                pro rata basis.
                            ``(ii) Distribution of remaining assets.--
                        Following the payment of all claims in 
                        accordance with subparagraph (A), the receiver 
                        shall distribute the remainder of the assets of 
                        the System institution to the owners of stock, 
                        participation certificates, and other equities 
                        in accordance with the priorities for 
                        impairment under the bylaws of the System 
                        institution.
                            ``(iii) Eligible borrower stock.--
                        Notwithstanding subparagraph (C) or any other 
                        provision of this section, eligible borrower 
                        stock shall be retired in accordance with 
                        section 4.9A.
                    ``(C) Effect of state law.--
                            ``(i) In general.--The provisions of 
                        subparagraph (A) shall not supersede the law of 
                        any State except to the extent such law is 
                        inconsistent with the provisions of such 
                        subparagraph, and then only to the extent of 
                        the inconsistency.
                            ``(ii) Procedure for determination of 
                        inconsistency.--Upon the Corporation's own 
                        motion or upon the request of any person with a 
                        claim described in subparagraph (A) or any 
                        State which is submitted to the Corporation in 
                        accordance with procedures which the 
                        Corporation shall prescribe, the Corporation 
                        shall determine whether any provision of the 
                        law of any State is inconsistent with any 
                        provision of subparagraph (A) and the extent of 
                        any such inconsistency.
                            ``(iii) Judicial review.--The final 
                        determination of the Corporation under clause 
                        (ii) shall be subject to judicial review under 
                        chapter 7 of title 5, United States Code.
                    ``(D) Accounting report.--Any distribution by the 
                Corporation in connection with any claim described in 
                subparagraph (A)(vii) shall be accompanied by the 
                accounting report required under paragraph (15)(B).
            ``(12) Suspension of legal actions.--
                    ``(A) In general.--After the appointment of a 
                conservator or receiver for a System institution, the 
                conservator or receiver may request a stay for a period 
                not to exceed--
                            ``(i) 45 days, in the case of any 
                        conservator; and
                            ``(ii) 90 days, in the case of any 
                        receiver,
                in any judicial action or proceeding to which such 
                System institution is or becomes a party.
                    ``(B) Grant of stay by all courts required.--Upon 
                receipt of a request by any conservator or receiver 
                pursuant to subparagraph (A) for a stay of any judicial 
                action or proceeding in any court with jurisdiction of 
                such action or proceeding, the court shall grant such 
                stay as to all parties.
            ``(13) Additional rights and duties.--
                    ``(A) Prior final adjudication.--The Corporation 
                shall abide by any final unappealable judgment of any 
                court of competent jurisdiction which was rendered 
                before the appointment of the Corporation as 
                conservator or receiver.
                    ``(B) Rights and remedies of conservator or 
                receiver.--In the event of any appealable judgment, the 
                Corporation as conservator or receiver shall--
                            ``(i) have all the rights and remedies 
                        available to the System institution (before the 
                        appointment of such conservator or receiver) 
                        and the Corporation in its corporate capacity, 
                        including removal to Federal court and all 
                        appellate rights; and
                            ``(ii) not be required to post any bond in 
                        order to pursue such remedies.
                    ``(C) No attachment or execution.--No attachment or 
                execution may issue by any court on--
                            ``(i) assets in the possession of the 
                        receiver; or
                            ``(ii) the charter of a System institution 
                        for which the Corporation has been appointed 
                        receiver.
                    ``(D) Limitation on judicial review.--Except as 
                otherwise provided in this subsection, no court shall 
                have jurisdiction over--
                            ``(i) any claim or action for payment from, 
                        or any action seeking a determination of rights 
                        with respect to, the assets of any System 
                        institution for which the Corporation has been 
                        appointed receiver, including assets which the 
                        Corporation may acquire from itself as such 
                        receiver; or
                            ``(ii) any claim relating to any act or 
                        omission of such System institution or the 
                        Corporation as receiver.
                    ``(E) Disposition of assets.--In exercising any 
                right, power, privilege, or authority as receiver in 
                connection with any sale or disposition of assets of 
                any System institution for which the Corporation is 
                acting as receiver, the Corporation shall, to the 
                maximum extent practicable, conduct its operations in a 
                manner which--
                            ``(i) maximizes the net present value 
                        return from the sale or disposition of such 
                        assets;
                            ``(ii) minimizes the amount of any loss 
                        realized in the resolution of cases;
                            ``(iii) ensures adequate competition and 
                        fair and consistent treatment of offerors;
                            ``(iv) prohibits discrimination on the 
                        basis of race, sex, or ethnic groups in the 
                        solicitation and consideration of offers; and
                            ``(v) mitigates the potential for serious 
                        adverse effects to the rest of the System.
            ``(14) Statute of limitations for actions brought by 
        conservator or receiver.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Notwithstanding any provision of 
                any contract, the applicable statute of limitations 
                with regard to any action brought by the Corporation as 
                conservator or receiver shall be--
                            ``(i) in the case of any contract claim, 
                        the longer of--
                                    ``(I) the 6-year period beginning 
                                on the date the claim accrues; or
                                    ``(II) the period applicable under 
                                State law; and
                            ``(ii) in the case of any tort claim, the 
                        longer of--
                                    ``(I) the 3-year period beginning 
                                on the date the claim accrues; or
                                    ``(II) the period applicable under 
                                State law.
                    ``(B) Determination of the date on which a claim 
                accrues.--For purposes of subparagraph (A), the date on 
                which the statute of limitations begins to run on any 
                claim described in such subparagraph shall be the later 
                of--
                            ``(i) the date of the appointment of the 
                        Corporation as conservator or receiver; or
                            ``(ii) the date on which the cause of 
                        action accrues.
                    ``(C) Revival of expired state causes of action.--
                            ``(i) In general.--In the case of any tort 
                        claim described in clause (ii) for which the 
                        statute of limitation applicable under State 
                        law with respect to such claim has expired not 
                        more than 5 years before the appointment of the 
                        Corporation as conservator or receiver, the 
                        Corporation may bring an action as conservator 
                        or receiver on such claim without regard to the 
                        expiration of the statute of limitation 
                        applicable under State law.
                            ``(ii) Claims described.--A tort claim 
                        referred to in clause (i) is a claim arising 
                        from fraud, intentional misconduct resulting in 
                        unjust enrichment, or intentional misconduct 
                        resulting in substantial loss to the System 
                        institution.
            ``(15) Accounting and recordkeeping requirements.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The Corporation as conservator 
                or receiver shall, consistent with the accounting and 
                reporting practices and procedures established by the 
                Corporation, maintain a full accounting of each 
                conservatorship and receivership or other disposition 
                of System institutions in default.
                    ``(B) Annual accounting or report.--With respect to 
                each conservatorship or receivership to which the 
                Corporation was appointed, the Corporation shall make 
                an annual accounting or report, as appropriate, 
                available to the Farm Credit Administration Board.
                    ``(C) Availability of reports.--Any report prepared 
                pursuant to subparagraph (B) shall be made available by 
                the Corporation upon request to any stockholder of the 
                System institution for which the Corporation was 
                appointed conservator or receiver or any other member 
                of the public.
                    ``(D) Recordkeeping requirement.--
                            ``(i) In general.--Except as provided in 
                        clause (ii), after the end of the 6-year period 
                        beginning on the date the Corporation is 
                        appointed as receiver of a System institution, 
                        the Corporation may destroy any records of such 
                        System institution which the Corporation, in 
                        the Corporation's discretion, determines to be 
                        unnecessary unless directed not to do so by a 
                        court of competent jurisdiction or governmental 
                        agency, or prohibited by law.
                            ``(ii) Old records.--Notwithstanding clause 
                        (i), the Corporation may destroy records of a 
                        System institution which are at least 10 years 
                        old as of the date on which the Corporation is 
                        appointed as the receiver of such System 
                        institution in accordance with clause (i) at 
                        any time after such appointment is final, 
                        without regard to the 6-year period of 
                        limitation contained in clause (i).
            ``(16) Fraudulent transfers.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The Corporation, as conservator 
                or receiver for any System institution, may avoid a 
                transfer of any interest of a System institution-
                affiliated party, or any person who the Corporation 
                determines is a debtor of the System institution, in 
                property, or any obligation incurred by such party or 
                person, that was made within 5 years of the date on 
                which the Corporation was appointed conservator or 
                receiver if such party or person voluntarily or 
                involuntarily made such transfer or incurred such 
                liability with the intent to hinder, delay, or defraud 
                the System institution, the Farm Credit Administration, 
                or the Corporation.
                    ``(B) Right of recovery.--To the extent a transfer 
                is avoided under subparagraph (A), the Corporation may 
                recover, for the benefit of the System institution, the 
                property transferred, or, if a court so orders, the 
                value of such property (at the time of such transfer) 
                from--
                            ``(i) the initial transferee of such 
                        transfer or the System institution-affiliated 
                        party or person for whose benefit such transfer 
                        was made; or
                            ``(ii) any immediate or mediate transferee 
                        of any such initial transferee.
                    ``(C) Rights of transferee or obligee.--The 
                Corporation may not recover under subparagraph (B) 
                from--
                            ``(i) any transferee that takes for value, 
                        including satisfaction or securing of a present 
                        or antecedent debt, in good faith; or
                            ``(ii) any immediate or mediate good faith 
                        transferee of such transferee.
                    ``(D) Rights under this paragraph.--The rights 
                under this paragraph of the Corporation shall be 
                superior to any rights of a trustee or any other party 
                (other than any party which is a Federal agency) under 
                title 11, United States Code.
            ``(17) Attachment of assets and other injunctive relief.--
        Subject to paragraph (18), any court of competent jurisdiction 
        may, at the request of the Corporation (in the Corporation's 
        capacity as conservator or receiver for any System institution 
        or in the Corporation's corporate capacity with respect to any 
        asset acquired or liability assumed by the Corporation under 
        section 5.61), issue an order in accordance with Rule 65 of the 
        Federal Rules of Civil Procedure, including an order placing 
        the assets of any person designated by the Corporation under 
        the control of the court and appointing a trustee to hold such 
        assets.
            ``(18) Standards.--
                    ``(A) Showing.--Rule 65 of the Federal Rules of 
                Civil Procedure shall apply with respect to any 
                proceeding under paragraph (17) without regard to the 
                requirement of such rule that the applicant show that 
                the injury, loss, or damage is irreparable and 
                immediate.
                    ``(B) State proceeding.--If, in the case of any 
                proceeding in a State court, the court determines that 
                rules of civil procedure available under the laws of 
                such State provide substantially similar protections to 
                such party's right to due process as Rule 65 (as 
                modified with respect to such proceeding by 
                subparagraph (A)), the relief sought by the Corporation 
                pursuant to paragraph (17) may be requested under the 
                laws of such State.
            ``(19) Treatment of claims arising from breach of contracts 
        executed by the receiver or conservator.--Notwithstanding any 
        other provision of this subsection, any final and unappealable 
        judgment for monetary damages entered against a receiver or 
        conservator for a System institution for the breach of an 
        agreement executed or approved by such receiver or conservator 
        after the date of its appointment shall be paid as an 
        administrative expense of the receiver or conservator. Nothing 
        in this paragraph shall be construed to limit the power of a 
        receiver or conservator to exercise any rights under contract 
        or law, including terminating, breaching, canceling, or 
        otherwise discontinuing such agreement.
    ``(c) Provisions Relating to Contracts Entered Into Before 
Appointment of Conservator or Receiver.--
            ``(1) Authority to repudiate contracts.--In addition to any 
        other rights a conservator or receiver may have, the 
        conservator or receiver for a System institution may disaffirm 
        or repudiate any contract or lease--
                    ``(A) to which such System institution is a party;
                    ``(B) the performance of which the conservator or 
                receiver, in the conservator's or receiver's 
                discretion, determines to be burdensome; and
                    ``(C) the disaffirmance or repudiation of which the 
                conservator or receiver determines, in the 
                conservator's or receiver's discretion, will promote 
                the orderly administration of the System institution's 
                affairs.
            ``(2) Timing of repudiation.--The Corporation as 
        conservator or receiver for any System institution shall 
        determine whether or not to exercise the rights of repudiation 
        under this subsection within a reasonable period following such 
        appointment.
            ``(3) Claims for damages for repudiation.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Except as otherwise provided in 
                subparagraph (C) and paragraphs (4), (5), and (6), the 
                liability of the conservator or receiver for the 
                disaffirmance or repudiation of any contract pursuant 
                to paragraph (1) shall be--
                            ``(i) limited to actual direct compensatory 
                        damages; and
                            ``(ii) determined as of--
                                    ``(I) the date of the appointment 
                                of the conservator or receiver; or
                                    ``(II) in the case of any contract 
                                or agreement referred to in paragraph 
                                (8), the date of the disaffirmance or 
                                repudiation of such contract or 
                                agreement.
                    ``(B) No liability for other damages.--For purposes 
                of subparagraph (A), the term `actual direct 
                compensatory damages' does not include--
                            ``(i) punitive or exemplary damages;
                            ``(ii) damages for lost profits or 
                        opportunity; or
                            ``(iii) damages for pain and suffering.
                    ``(C) Measure of damages for repudiation of 
                financial contracts.--In the case of any qualified 
                financial contract or agreement to which paragraph (8) 
                applies, compensatory damages shall be--
                            ``(i) deemed to include normal and 
                        reasonable costs of cover or other reasonable 
                        measures of damages utilized in the industries 
                        for such contract and agreement claims; and
                            ``(ii) paid in accordance with this 
                        subsection and subsection (j), except as 
                        otherwise specifically provided in this 
                        section.
            ``(4) Leases under which the system institution is the 
        lessee.--
                    ``(A) In general.--If the conservator or receiver 
                disaffirms or repudiates a lease under which the System 
                institution was the lessee, the conservator or receiver 
                shall not be liable for any damages (other than damages 
                determined pursuant to subparagraph (B)) for the 
                disaffirmance or repudiation of such lease.
                    ``(B) Payments of rent.--Notwithstanding 
                subparagraph (A), the lessor under a lease to which 
                such subparagraph applies shall--
                            ``(i) be entitled to the contractual rent 
                        accruing before the later of the date--
                                    ``(I) the notice of disaffirmance 
                                or repudiation is mailed; or
                                    ``(II) the disaffirmance or 
                                repudiation becomes effective, unless 
                                the lessor is in default or breach of 
                                the terms of the lease; and
                            ``(ii) have no claim for damages under any 
                        acceleration clause or other penalty provision 
                        in the lease; and
                            ``(iii) have a claim for any unpaid rent, 
                        subject to all appropriate offsets and 
                        defenses, due as of the date of the 
                        appointment, which shall be paid in accordance 
                        with this subsection and subsection (j).
            ``(5) Leases under which the system institution is the 
        lessor.--
                    ``(A) In general.--If the conservator or receiver 
                repudiates an unexpired written lease of real property 
                of the System institution under which the System 
                institution is the lessor and the lessee is not, as of 
                the date of such repudiation, in default, the lessee 
                under such lease may either--
                            ``(i) treat the lease as terminated by such 
                        repudiation; or
                            ``(ii) remain in possession of the 
                        leasehold interest for the balance of the term 
                        of the lease, unless the lessee defaults under 
                        the terms of the lease after the date of such 
                        repudiation.
                    ``(B) Provisions applicable to lessee remaining in 
                possession.--If any lessee under a lease described in 
                subparagraph (A) remains in possession of a leasehold 
                interest pursuant to clause (ii) of such subparagraph--
                            ``(i) the lessee--
                                    ``(I) shall continue to pay the 
                                contractual rent pursuant to the terms 
                                of the lease after the date of the 
                                repudiation of such lease; and
                                    ``(II) may offset against any rent 
                                payment which accrues after the date of 
                                the repudiation of the lease, any 
                                damages which accrue after such date 
                                due to the nonperformance of any 
                                obligation of the System institution 
                                under the lease after such date; and
                            ``(ii) the conservator or receiver shall 
                        not be liable to the lessee for any damages 
                        arising after such date as a result of the 
                        repudiation, other than the amount of any 
                        offset allowed under clause (i)(II).
            ``(6) Contracts for the sale of real property.--
                    ``(A) In general.--If the conservator or receiver 
                repudiates any contract (which repudiates any contract 
                that meets the requirements of paragraphs (1) through 
                (4) of section 5.61(d) for the sale of real property, 
                and the purchaser of such real property under such 
                contract is in possession and is not, as of the date of 
                such repudiation, in default, such purchaser may 
                either--
                            ``(i) treat the contract as terminated by 
                        such repudiation; or
                            ``(ii) remain in possession of such real 
                        property.
                    ``(B) Provisions applicable to purchaser remaining 
                in possession.--If any purchaser of real property under 
                any contract described in subparagraph (A) remains in 
                possession of such property pursuant to clause (ii) of 
                such subparagraph--
                            ``(i) the purchaser--
                                    ``(I) shall continue to make all 
                                payments due under the contract after 
                                the date of the repudiation of the 
                                contract; and
                                    ``(II) may offset against any such 
                                payments any damages which accrue after 
                                such date due to the nonperformance 
                                (after such date) of any obligation of 
                                the System institution under the 
                                contract; and
                            ``(ii) the conservator or receiver shall--
                                    ``(I) not be liable to the 
                                purchaser for any damages arising after 
                                that date as a result of the 
                                repudiation, other than the amount of 
                                any offset allowed under clause 
                                (i)(II);
                                    ``(II) deliver title to the 
                                purchaser in accordance with the 
                                contract; and
                                    ``(III) have no obligation under 
                                the contract, other than the 
                                performance required under subclause 
                                (II).
                    ``(C) Assignment and sale allowed.--
                            ``(i) In general.--No provision of this 
                        paragraph shall be construed as limiting the 
                        right of the conservator or receiver to assign 
                        the contract described in subparagraph (A) and 
                        sell the property subject to the contract and 
                        this paragraph.
                            ``(ii) No liability after assignment and 
                        sale.--If an assignment and sale described in 
                        clause (i) is consummated, the Corporation, 
                        acting as conservator or receiver, shall have 
                        no further liability under the applicable 
                        contract described in subparagraph (A) or with 
                        respect to the real property which was the 
                        subject of such contract.
            ``(7) Provisions applicable to service contracts.--
                    ``(A) Services performed before appointment.--In 
                the case of any contract for services between any 
                person and any System institution for which the 
                Corporation has been appointed conservator or receiver, 
                any claim of such person for services performed before 
                the appointment of the conservator or the receiver 
                shall be--
                            ``(i) a claim to be paid in accordance with 
                        subsections (b) and (d); and
                            ``(ii) deemed to have arisen as of the date 
                        the conservator or receiver was appointed.
                    ``(B) Services performed after appointment and 
                prior to repudiation.--If, in the case of any contract 
                for services described in subparagraph (A), the 
                conservator or receiver accepts performance by the 
                other person before the conservator or receiver makes 
                any determination to exercise the right of repudiation 
                of such contract under this section--
                            ``(i) the other party shall be paid under 
                        the terms of the contract for the services 
                        performed; and
                            ``(ii) the amount of such payment shall be 
                        treated as an administrative expense of the 
                        conservatorship or receivership.
                    ``(C) Acceptance of performance no bar to 
                subsequent repudiation.--The acceptance by any 
                conservator or receiver of services referred to in 
                subparagraph (B) in connection with a contract 
                described in such subparagraph shall not affect the 
                right of the conservator or receiver, to repudiate such 
                contract under this section at any time after such 
                performance.
            ``(8) Certain qualified financial contracts.--
                    ``(A) Definitions.--In this paragraph:
                            ``(i) Commodity contract.--The term 
                        `commodity contract' means--
                                    ``(I) with respect to a futures 
                                commission merchant, a contract for the 
                                purchase or sale of a commodity for 
                                future delivery on, or subject to the 
                                rules of, a contract market or board of 
                                trade;
                                    ``(II) with respect to a foreign 
                                futures commission merchant, a foreign 
                                future;
                                    ``(III) with respect to a leverage 
                                transaction merchant, a leverage 
                                transaction;
                                    ``(IV) with respect to a clearing 
                                organization, a contract for the 
                                purchase or sale of a commodity for 
                                future delivery on, or subject to the 
                                rules of, a contract market or board of 
                                trade that is cleared by such clearing 
                                organization, or commodity option 
                                traded on, or subject to the rules of, 
                                a contract market or board of trade 
                                that is cleared by such clearing 
                                organization;
                                    ``(V) with respect to a commodity 
                                options dealer, a commodity option;
                                    ``(VI) any other agreement or 
                                transaction that is similar to any 
                                agreement or transaction referred to in 
                                this clause;
                                    ``(VII) any combination of the 
                                agreements or transactions referred to 
                                in this clause;
                                    ``(VIII) any option to enter into 
                                any agreement or transaction referred 
                                to in this clause;
                                    ``(IX) a master agreement that 
                                provides for an agreement or 
                                transaction referred to in any of 
                                subclauses (I) through (VIII), together 
                                with all supplements to any such master 
                                agreement, without regard to whether 
                                the master agreement provides for an 
                                agreement or transaction that is not a 
                                commodity contract under this clause, 
                                except that the master agreement shall 
                                be considered to be a commodity 
                                contract under this clause only with 
                                respect to each agreement or 
                                transaction under the master agreement 
                                that is referred to in subclause (I), 
                                (II), (III), (IV), (V), (VI), (VII), or 
                                (VIII); or
                                    ``(X) any security agreement or 
                                arrangement or other credit enhancement 
                                related to any agreement or transaction 
                                referred to in this clause, including 
                                any guarantee or reimbursement 
                                obligation in connection with any 
                                agreement or transaction referred to in 
                                this clause.
                            ``(ii) Forward contract.--The term `forward 
                        contract' means--
                                    ``(I) a contract (other than a 
                                commodity contract) for the purchase, 
                                sale, or transfer of a commodity or any 
                                similar good, article, service, right, 
                                or interest which is presently or in 
                                the future becomes the subject of 
                                dealing in the forward contract trade, 
                                or product or byproduct thereof, with a 
                                maturity date more than 2 days after 
                                the date the contract is entered into, 
                                including a repurchase or reverse 
                                repurchase transaction (whether or not 
                                such repurchase or reverse repurchase 
                                transaction is a repurchase agreement), 
                                consignment, lease, swap, hedge 
                                transaction, deposit, loan, option, 
                                allocated transaction, unallocated 
                                transaction, or any other similar 
                                agreement;
                                    ``(II) any combination of 
                                agreements or transactions referred to 
                                in subclauses (I) and (III);
                                    ``(III) any option to enter into 
                                any agreement or transaction referred 
                                to in subclause (I) or (II);
                                    ``(IV) a master agreement that 
                                provides for an agreement or 
                                transaction referred to in subclauses 
                                (I) through (III), together with all 
                                supplements to any such master 
                                agreement, without regard to whether 
                                the master agreement provides for an 
                                agreement or transaction that is not a 
                                forward contract under this clause, 
                                except that the master agreement shall 
                                be considered to be a forward contract 
                                under this clause only with respect to 
                                each agreement or transaction under the 
                                master agreement that is referred to in 
                                subclause (I), (II), or (III); or
                                    ``(V) any security agreement or 
                                arrangement or other credit enhancement 
                                related to any agreement or transaction 
                                referred to in subclause (I), (II), 
                                (III), or (IV), including any guarantee 
                                or reimbursement obligation in 
                                connection with any agreement or 
                                transaction referred to in any such 
                                subclause.
                            ``(iii) Person.--The term `person'--
                                    ``(I) has the meaning given the 
                                term in section 1 of title 1, United 
                                States Code; and
                                    ``(II) includes any governmental 
                                entity.
                            ``(iv) Qualified financial contract.--The 
                        term `qualified financial contract' means any 
                        securities contract, commodity contract, 
                        forward contract, repurchase agreement, swap 
                        agreement, and any similar agreement that the 
                        Corporation determines by regulation, 
                        resolution, or order to be a qualified 
                        financial contract for purposes of this 
                        paragraph.
                            ``(v) Repurchase agreement.--
                                    ``(I) In general.--The term 
                                `repurchase agreement' (including with 
                                respect to a reverse repurchase 
                                agreement)--
                                            ``(aa) means--

                                                    ``(AA) an 
                                                agreement, including 
                                                related terms, which 
                                                provides for the 
                                                transfer of one or more 
                                                certificates of 
                                                deposit, mortgage-
                                                related securities (as 
                                                such term is defined in 
                                                section 3(a) of the 
                                                Securities Exchange Act 
                                                of 1934 (15 U.S.C. 
                                                78c(a))), mortgage 
                                                loans, interests in 
                                                mortgage-related 
                                                securities or mortgage 
                                                loans, eligible 
                                                bankers' acceptances, 
                                                qualified foreign 
                                                government securities 
                                                or securities that are 
                                                direct obligations of, 
                                                or that are fully 
                                                guaranteed by, the 
                                                United States or any 
                                                agency of the United 
                                                States against the 
                                                transfer of funds by 
                                                the transferee of such 
                                                certificates of 
                                                deposit, eligible 
                                                bankers' acceptances, 
                                                securities, mortgage 
                                                loans, or interests 
                                                with a simultaneous 
                                                agreement by such 
                                                transferee to transfer 
                                                to the transferor 
                                                thereof certificates of 
                                                deposit, eligible 
                                                bankers' acceptances, 
                                                securities, mortgage 
                                                loans, or interests as 
                                                described above, at a 
                                                date certain not later 
                                                than 1 year after such 
                                                transfers or on demand, 
                                                against the transfer of 
                                                funds, or any other 
                                                similar agreement;

                                                    ``(BB) any 
                                                combination of 
                                                agreements or 
                                                transactions referred 
                                                to in subitems (AA) and 
                                                (CC);

                                                    ``(CC) any option 
                                                to enter into any 
                                                agreement or 
                                                transaction referred to 
                                                in subitem (AA) or 
                                                (BB);

                                                    ``(DD) a master 
                                                agreement that provides 
                                                for an agreement or 
                                                transaction referred to 
                                                in subitem (AA), (BB), 
                                                or (CC), together with 
                                                all supplements to any 
                                                such master agreement, 
                                                without regard to 
                                                whether the master 
                                                agreement provides for 
                                                an agreement or 
                                                transaction that is not 
                                                a repurchase agreement 
                                                under this item, except 
                                                that the master 
                                                agreement shall be 
                                                considered to be a 
                                                repurchase agreement 
                                                under this item only 
                                                with respect to each 
                                                agreement or 
                                                transaction under the 
                                                master agreement that 
                                                is referred to in 
                                                subitem (AA), (BB), or 
                                                (CC); and

                                                    ``(EE) any security 
                                                agreement or 
                                                arrangement or other 
                                                credit enhancement 
                                                related to any 
                                                agreement or 
                                                transaction referred to 
                                                in any of subitems (AA) 
                                                through (DD), including 
                                                any guarantee or 
                                                reimbursement 
                                                obligation in 
                                                connection with any 
                                                agreement or 
                                                transaction referred to 
                                                in any such subitem; 
                                                and

                                            ``(bb) does not include any 
                                        repurchase obligation under a 
                                        participation in a commercial 
                                        mortgage, loan unless the 
                                        Corporation determines by 
                                        regulation, resolution, or 
                                        order to include any such 
                                        participation within the 
                                        meaning of such term.
                                    ``(II) Related definition.--For 
                                purposes of subclause (I)(aa), the term 
                                `qualified foreign government security' 
                                means a security that is a direct 
                                obligation of, or that is fully 
                                guaranteed by, the central government 
                                of a member of the Organization for 
                                Economic Cooperation and Development 
                                (as determined by regulation or order 
                                adopted by the appropriate Federal 
                                banking authority).
                            ``(vi) Securities contract.--The term 
                        `securities contract'--
                                    ``(I) means--
                                            ``(aa) a contract for the 
                                        purchase, sale, or loan of a 
                                        security, a certificate of 
                                        deposit, a mortgage loan, any 
                                        interest in a mortgage loan, a 
                                        group or index of securities, 
                                        certificates of deposit, or 
                                        mortgage loans or interests 
                                        therein (including any interest 
                                        therein or based on the value 
                                        thereof) or any option on any 
                                        of the foregoing, including any 
                                        option to purchase or sell any 
                                        such security, certificate of 
                                        deposit, mortgage loan, 
                                        interest, group or index, or 
                                        option, and including any 
                                        repurchase or reverse 
                                        repurchase transaction on any 
                                        such security, certificate of 
                                        deposit, mortgage loan, 
                                        interest, group or index, or 
                                        option (whether or not the 
                                        repurchase or reverse 
                                        repurchase transaction is a 
                                        repurchase agreement);
                                            ``(bb) any option entered 
                                        into on a national securities 
                                        exchange relating to foreign 
                                        currencies;
                                            ``(cc) the guarantee 
                                        (including by novation) by or 
                                        to any securities clearing 
                                        agency of any settlement of 
                                        cash, securities, certificates 
                                        of deposit, mortgage loans or 
                                        interests therein, group or 
                                        index of securities, 
                                        certificates of deposit, or 
                                        mortgage loans or interests 
                                        therein (including any interest 
                                        therein or based on the value 
                                        thereof) or option on any of 
                                        the foregoing, including any 
                                        option to purchase or sell any 
                                        such security, certificate of 
                                        deposit, mortgage loan, 
                                        interest, group or index, or 
                                        option (whether or not the 
                                        settlement is in connection 
                                        with any agreement or 
                                        transaction referred to in any 
                                        of items (aa), (bb), and (dd) 
                                        through (kk));
                                            ``(dd) any margin loan;
                                            ``(ee) any extension of 
                                        credit for the clearance or 
                                        settlement of securities 
                                        transactions;
                                            ``(ff) any loan transaction 
                                        coupled with a securities 
                                        collar transaction, any prepaid 
                                        securities forward transaction, 
                                        or any total return swap 
                                        transaction coupled with a 
                                        securities sale transaction;
                                            ``(gg) any other agreement 
                                        or transaction that is similar 
                                        to any agreement or transaction 
                                        referred to in this subclause;
                                            ``(hh) any combination of 
                                        the agreements or transactions 
                                        referred to in this subclause;
                                            ``(ii) any option to enter 
                                        into any agreement or 
                                        transaction referred to in this 
                                        subclause;
                                            ``(jj) a master agreement 
                                        that provides for an agreement 
                                        or transaction referred to in 
                                        any of items (aa) through (ii), 
                                        together with all supplements 
                                        to any such master agreement, 
                                        without regard to whether the 
                                        master agreement provides for 
                                        an agreement or transaction 
                                        that is not a securities 
                                        contract under this subclause, 
                                        except that the master 
                                        agreement shall be considered 
                                        to be a securities contract 
                                        under this subclause only with 
                                        respect to each agreement or 
                                        transaction under the master 
                                        agreement that is referred to 
                                        in item (aa), (bb), (cc), (dd), 
                                        (ee), (ff), (gg), (hh), or 
                                        (ii); and
                                            ``(kk) any security 
                                        agreement or arrangement or 
                                        other credit enhancement 
                                        related to any agreement or 
                                        transaction referred to in this 
                                        subclause, including any 
                                        guarantee or reimbursement 
                                        obligation in connection with 
                                        any agreement or transaction 
                                        referred to in this subclause; 
                                        and
                                    ``(II) does not include any 
                                purchase, sale, or repurchase 
                                obligation under a participation in a 
                                commercial mortgage loan unless the 
                                Corporation determines by regulation, 
                                resolution, or order to include any 
                                such agreement within the meaning of 
                                such term.
                            ``(vii) Swap agreement.--The term `swap 
                        agreement' means--
                                    ``(I) any agreement, including the 
                                terms and conditions incorporated by 
                                reference in any such agreement, that 
                                is--
                                            ``(aa) an interest rate 
                                        swap, option, future, or 
                                        forward agreement, including a 
                                        rate floor, rate cap, rate 
                                        collar, cross-currency rate 
                                        swap, and basis swap;
                                            ``(bb) a spot, same day-
                                        tomorrow, tomorrow-next, 
                                        forward, or other foreign 
                                        exchange precious metals or 
                                        other commodity agreement;
                                            ``(cc) a currency swap, 
                                        option, future, or forward 
                                        agreement;
                                            ``(dd) an equity index or 
                                        equity swap, option, future, or 
                                        forward agreement;
                                            ``(ee) a debt index or debt 
                                        swap, option, future, or 
                                        forward agreement;
                                            ``(ff) a total return, 
                                        credit spread or credit swap, 
                                        option, future, or forward 
                                        agreement;
                                            ``(gg) a commodity index or 
                                        commodity swap, option, future, 
                                        or forward agreement;
                                            ``(hh) a weather swap, 
                                        option, future, or forward 
                                        agreement;
                                            ``(ii) an emissions swap, 
                                        option, future, or forward 
                                        agreement; or
                                            ``(jj) an inflation swap, 
                                        option, future, or forward 
                                        agreement;
                                    ``(II) any agreement or transaction 
                                that is similar to any other agreement 
                                or transaction referred to in this 
                                clause and that is of a type that has 
                                been, is presently, or in the future 
                                becomes, the subject of recurrent 
                                dealings in the swap or other 
                                derivatives markets (including terms 
                                and conditions incorporated by 
                                reference in such agreement) and that 
                                is a forward, swap, future, option or 
                                spot transaction on one or more rates, 
                                currencies, commodities, equity 
                                securities or other equity instruments, 
                                debt securities or other debt 
                                instruments, quantitative measures 
                                associated with an occurrence, extent 
                                of an occurrence, or contingency 
                                associated with a financial, 
                                commercial, or economic consequence, or 
                                economic or financial indices or 
                                measures of economic or financial risk 
                                or value;
                                    ``(III) any combination of 
                                agreements or transactions referred to 
                                in this clause;
                                    ``(IV) any option to enter into any 
                                agreement or transaction referred to in 
                                this clause;
                                    ``(V) a master agreement that 
                                provides for an agreement or 
                                transaction referred to in any of 
                                subclauses (I) through (IV), together 
                                with all supplements to any such master 
                                agreement, without regard to whether 
                                the master agreement contains an 
                                agreement or transaction that is not a 
                                swap agreement under this clause, 
                                except that the master agreement shall 
                                be considered to be a swap agreement 
                                under this clause only with respect to 
                                each agreement or transaction under the 
                                master agreement that is referred to in 
                                subclause (I), (II), (III), or (IV); 
                                and
                                    ``(VI) any security agreement or 
                                arrangement or other credit enhancement 
                                related to any agreements or 
                                transactions referred to in any of 
                                subclauses (I) through (V), including 
                                any guarantee or reimbursement 
                                obligation in connection with any 
                                agreement or transaction referred to in 
                                any such subclause.
                            ``(viii) Transfer.--The term `transfer' 
                        means every mode, direct or indirect, absolute 
                        or conditional, voluntary or involuntary, of 
                        disposing of or parting with property or with 
                        an interest in property, including retention of 
                        title as a security interest and foreclosure of 
                        the equity of redemption of a System 
                        institution.
                            ``(ix) Treatment of master agreement as 1 
                        agreement.--For purposes of this subparagraph--
                                    ``(I) any master agreement for any 
                                contract or agreement described in this 
                                subparagraph (or any master agreement 
                                for such a master agreement or 
                                agreements), together with all 
                                supplements to the master agreement, 
                                shall be treated as a single agreement 
                                and a single qualified financial 
                                contact; and
                                    ``(II) if a master agreement 
                                contains provisions relating to 
                                agreements or transactions that are not 
                                qualified financial contracts, the 
                                master agreement shall be deemed to be 
                                a qualified financial contract only 
                                with respect to those transactions that 
                                are themselves qualified financial 
                                contracts.
                    ``(B) Rights of parties to contracts.--Subject to 
                paragraphs (9) and (10), and notwithstanding any other 
                provision of this Act (other than subsection (b)(9) and 
                section 5.61(d)) or any other Federal or State law, no 
                person shall be stayed or prohibited from exercising--
                            ``(i) any right such person has to cause 
                        the termination, liquidation, or acceleration 
                        of any qualified financial contract with a 
                        System institution which arises upon the 
                        appointment of the Corporation as receiver for 
                        such System institution at any time after such 
                        appointment;
                            ``(ii) any right under any security 
                        agreement or arrangement or other credit 
                        enhancement related to one or more qualified 
                        financial contracts described in clause (i); or
                            ``(iii) any right to offset or net out any 
                        termination value, payment amount, or other 
                        transfer obligation arising under, or in 
                        connection with, 1 or more contracts and 
                        agreements described in clause (i), including 
                        any master agreement for such contracts or 
                        agreements.
                    ``(C) Applicability of other provisions.--
                Subsection (b)(12) shall apply in the case of any 
                judicial action or proceeding brought against any 
                receiver referred to in subparagraph (A), or the System 
                institution for which such receiver was appointed, by 
                any party to a contract or agreement described in 
                subparagraph (B)(i) with such System institution.
                    ``(D) Certain transfers not avoidable.--
                            ``(i) In general.--Notwithstanding 
                        paragraph (11) or any other Federal or State 
                        law relating to the avoidance of preferential 
                        or fraudulent transfers, the Corporation, 
                        whether acting as such or as conservator or 
                        receiver of a System institution, may not avoid 
                        any transfer of money or other property in 
                        connection with any qualified financial 
                        contract with a System institution.
                            ``(ii) Exception for certain transfers.--
                        Clause (i) shall not apply to any transfer of 
                        money or other property in connection with any 
                        qualified financial contract with a System 
                        institution if the Corporation determines that 
                        the transferee had actual intent to hinder, 
                        delay, or defraud such System institution, the 
                        creditors of such System institution, or any 
                        conservator or receiver appointed for such 
                        System institution.
                    ``(E) Certain protections in event of appointment 
                of conservator.--Notwithstanding any other provision of 
                this Act (other than subparagraph (G), paragraph (10), 
                subsection (b)(9), and section 5.61(d)) or any other 
                Federal or State law, no person shall be stayed or 
                prohibited from exercising--
                            ``(i) any right such person has to cause 
                        the termination, liquidation, or acceleration 
                        of any qualified financial contract with a 
                        System institution in a conservatorship based 
                        upon a default under such financial contract 
                        which is enforceable under applicable 
                        noninsolvency law;
                            ``(ii) any right under any security 
                        agreement or arrangement or other credit 
                        enhancement related to one or more qualified 
                        financial contracts described in clause (i); 
                        and
                            ``(iii) any right to offset or net out any 
                        termination values, payment amounts, or other 
                        transfer obligations arising under or in 
                        connection with such qualified financial 
                        contracts.
                    ``(F) Clarification.--No provision of law shall be 
                construed as limiting the right or power of the 
                Corporation, or authorizing any court or agency to 
                limit or delay, in any manner, the right or power of 
                the Corporation to transfer any qualified financial 
                contract in accordance with paragraphs (9) and (10) or 
                to disaffirm or repudiate any such contract in 
                accordance with paragraph (1).
                    ``(G) Walkaway clauses not effective.--
                            ``(i) Definition of walkaway clause.--In 
                        this subparagraph, the term `walkaway clause' 
                        means any provision in a qualified financial 
                        contract that suspends, conditions, or 
                        extinguishes a payment obligation of a party, 
                        in whole or in part, or does not create a 
                        payment obligation of a party that would 
                        otherwise exist--
                                    ``(I) solely because of--
                                            ``(aa) the status of the 
                                        party as a nondefaulting party 
                                        in connection with the 
                                        insolvency of a System 
                                        institution that is a party to 
                                        the contract; or
                                            ``(bb) the appointment of, 
                                        or the exercise of rights or 
                                        powers by, the Corporation as a 
                                        conservator or receiver of the 
                                        System institution; and
                                    ``(II) not as a result of the 
                                exercise by a party of any right to 
                                offset, setoff, or net obligations that 
                                exist under--
                                            ``(aa) the contract;
                                            ``(bb) any other contract 
                                        between those parties; or
                                            ``(cc) applicable law.
                            ``(ii) Treatment.--Notwithstanding the 
                        provisions of subparagraphs (B) and (E), no 
                        walkaway clause shall be enforceable in a 
                        qualified financial contract of a System 
                        institution in default.
                            ``(iii) Limited suspension of certain 
                        obligations.--In the case of a qualified 
                        financial contract referred to in clause (ii), 
                        any payment or delivery obligations otherwise 
                        due from a party pursuant to the qualified 
                        financial contract shall be suspended from the 
                        time the receiver is appointed until the 
                        earlier of--
                                    ``(I) the time such party receives 
                                notice that such contract has been 
                                transferred pursuant to subparagraph 
                                (B); or
                                    ``(II) 5:00 p.m. (eastern time) on 
                                the business day following the date of 
                                the appointment of the receiver.
                    ``(H) Recordkeeping requirements.--The Corporation, 
                in consultation with the Farm Credit Administration, 
                may prescribe regulations requiring more detailed 
                recordkeeping by any System institution with respect to 
                qualified financial contracts (including market 
                valuations), only if such System institution is subject 
                to subclause (I), (III), or (IV) of section 
                5.61B(a)(1)(A)(ii).
            ``(9) Transfer of qualified financial contracts.--
                    ``(A) Definitions.--In this paragraph:
                            ``(i) Clearing organization.--The term 
                        `clearing organization' has the meaning given 
                        the term in section 402 of the Federal Deposit 
                        Insurance Corporation Improvement Act of 1991 
                        (12 U.S.C. 4402).
                            ``(ii) Financial institution.--The term 
                        `financial institution' means a System 
                        institution, a broker or dealer, a depository 
                        institution, a futures commission merchant, or 
                        any other institution, as determined by the 
                        Corporation by regulation to be a financial 
                        institution.
                    ``(B) Requirement.--In making any transfer of 
                assets or liabilities of a System institution in 
                default which includes any qualified financial 
                contract, the conservator or receiver for such System 
                institution shall either--
                            ``(i) transfer to one financial 
                        institution, other than a financial institution 
                        for which a conservator, receiver, trustee in 
                        bankruptcy, or other legal custodian has been 
                        appointed, or that is otherwise the subject of 
                        a bankruptcy or insolvency proceeding--
                                    ``(I) all qualified financial 
                                contracts between any person or any 
                                affiliate of such person and the System 
                                institution in default;
                                    ``(II) all claims of such person or 
                                any affiliate of such person against 
                                such System institution under any such 
                                contract (other than any claim which, 
                                under the terms of any such contract, 
                                is subordinated to the claims of 
                                general unsecured creditors of such 
                                System institution);
                                    ``(III) all claims of such System 
                                institution against such person or any 
                                affiliate of such person under any such 
                                contract; and
                                    ``(IV) all property securing or any 
                                other credit enhancement for any 
                                contract described in subclause (I) or 
                                any claim described in subclause (II) 
                                or (III) under any such contract; or
                            ``(ii) transfer none of the qualified 
                        financial contracts, claims, property or other 
                        credit enhancement referred to in clause (i) 
                        (with respect to such person and any affiliate 
                        of such person).
                    ``(C) Transfer to foreign bank, foreign financial 
                institution, or branch or agency of a foreign bank or 
                financial institution.--In transferring any qualified 
                financial contracts and related claims and property 
                under subparagraph (B)(i), the conservator or receiver 
                for the System institution shall not make such transfer 
                to a foreign bank, financial institution organized 
                under the laws of a foreign country, or a branch or 
                agency of a foreign bank or financial institution 
                unless, under the law applicable to such bank, 
                financial institution, branch or agency, to the 
                qualified financial contracts, and to any netting 
                contract, any security agreement or arrangement or 
                other credit enhancement related to one or more 
                qualified financial contracts, the contractual rights 
                of the parties to such qualified financial contracts, 
                netting contracts, security agreements or arrangements, 
                or other credit enhancements are enforceable 
                substantially to the same extent as permitted under 
                this section.
                    ``(D) Transfer of contracts subject to the rules of 
                a clearing organization.--In the event that a 
                conservator or receiver transfers any qualified 
                financial contract and related claims, property, and 
                credit enhancements pursuant to subparagraph (B)(i) and 
                such contract is cleared by or subject to the rules of 
                a clearing organization, the clearing organization 
                shall not be required to accept the transferee as a 
                member by virtue of the transfer.
            ``(10) Notification of transfer.--
                    ``(A) Definition of business day.--In this 
                paragraph, the term `business day' means any day other 
                than any Saturday, Sunday, or any day on which either 
                the New York Stock Exchange or the Federal Reserve Bank 
                of New York is closed.
                    ``(B) Notification.--If--
                            ``(i) the conservator or receiver for a 
                        System institution in default makes any 
                        transfer of the assets and liabilities of such 
                        System institution; and
                            ``(ii) the transfer includes any qualified 
                        financial contract, the conservator or receiver 
                        shall notify any person who is a party to any 
                        such contract of such transfer by 5:00 p.m. 
                        (eastern time) on the business day following 
                        the date of the appointment of the receiver in 
                        the case of a receivership, or the business day 
                        following such transfer in the case of a 
                        conservatorship.
                    ``(C) Certain rights not enforceable.--
                            ``(i) Receivership.--A person who is a 
                        party to a qualified financial contract with a 
                        System institution may not exercise any right 
                        that such person has to terminate, liquidate, 
                        or net such contract under paragraph (8)(B) of 
                        this subsection, solely by reason of or 
                        incidental to the appointment of a receiver for 
                        the System institution (or the insolvency or 
                        financial condition of the System institution 
                        for which the receiver has been appointed)--
                                    ``(I) until 5:00 p.m. (eastern 
                                time) on the business day following the 
                                date of the appointment of the 
                                receiver; or
                                    ``(II) after the person has 
                                received notice that the contract has 
                                been transferred pursuant to paragraph 
                                (9)(B).
                            ``(ii) Conservatorship.--A person who is a 
                        party to a qualified financial contract with a 
                        System institution may not exercise any right 
                        that such person has to terminate, liquidate, 
                        or net such contract under paragraph (8)(E) of 
                        this subsection, solely by reason of or 
                        incidental to the appointment of a conservator 
                        for the System institution (or the insolvency 
                        or financial condition of the System 
                        institution for which the conservator has been 
                        appointed).
                            ``(iii) Notice.--For purposes of this 
                        paragraph, the Corporation as receiver or 
                        conservator of a System institution shall be 
                        deemed to have notified a person who is a party 
                        to a qualified financial contract with such 
                        System institution if the Corporation has taken 
                        steps reasonably calculated to provide notice 
                        to such person by the time specified in 
                        subparagraph (B).
                    ``(D) Treatment of bridge system institutions.--The 
                following System institutions shall not be considered 
                to be a financial institution for which a conservator, 
                receiver, trustee in bankruptcy, or other legal 
                custodian has been appointed or which is otherwise the 
                subject of a bankruptcy or insolvency proceeding for 
                purposes of paragraph (9):
                            ``(i) A bridge System bank.
                            ``(ii) A System institution organized by 
                        the Corporation or the Farm Credit 
                        Administration, for which a conservator is 
                        appointed either--
                                    ``(I) immediately upon the 
                                organization of the System institution; 
                                or
                                    ``(II) at the time of a purchase 
                                and assumption transaction between the 
                                System institution and the Corporation 
                                as receiver for a System institution in 
                                default.
            ``(11) Disaffirmance or repudiation of qualified financial 
        contracts.--In exercising the rights of disaffirmance or 
        repudiation of a conservator or receiver with respect to any 
        qualified financial contract to which a System institution is a 
        party, the conservator or receiver for such System institution 
        shall either--
                    ``(A) disaffirm or repudiate all qualified 
                financial contracts between--
                            ``(i) any person or any affiliate of such 
                        person; and
                            ``(ii) the System institution in default; 
                        or
                    ``(B) disaffirm or repudiate none of the qualified 
                financial contracts referred to in subparagraph (A) 
                (with respect to such person or any affiliate of such 
                person).
            ``(12) Certain security interests not avoidable.--No 
        provision of this subsection shall be construed as permitting 
        the avoidance of any legally enforceable or perfected security 
        interest in any of the assets of any System institution except 
        where such an interest is taken in contemplation of the System 
        institution's insolvency or with the intent to hinder, delay, 
        or defraud the System institution or the creditors of such 
        System institution.
            ``(13) Authority to enforce contracts.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The conservator or receiver may 
                enforce any contract, other than a director's or 
                officer's liability insurance contract or a System 
                institution bond, entered into by the System 
                institution notwithstanding any provision of the 
                contract providing for termination, default, 
                acceleration, or exercise of rights upon, or solely by 
                reason of, insolvency or the appointment of or the 
                exercise of rights or powers by a conservator or 
                receiver.
                    ``(B) Certain rights not affected.--No provision of 
                this paragraph may be construed as impairing or 
                affecting any right of the conservator or receiver to 
                enforce or recover under a director's or officer's 
                liability insurance contract or institution bond under 
                other applicable law.
                    ``(C) Consent requirement.--
                            ``(i) In general.--Except as otherwise 
                        provided by this section, no person may 
                        exercise any right or power to terminate, 
                        accelerate, or declare a default under any 
                        contract to which the System institution is a 
                        party, or to obtain possession of or exercise 
                        control over any property of the System 
                        institution or affect any contractual rights of 
                        the System institution, without the consent of 
                        the conservator or receiver, as appropriate, 
                        during the 45-day period beginning on the date 
                        of the appointment of the conservator, or 
                        during the 90-day period beginning on the date 
                        of the appointment of the receiver, as 
                        applicable.
                            ``(ii) Certain exceptions.--No provision of 
                        this subparagraph shall apply to a director or 
                        officer liability insurance contract or an 
                        institution bond, to the rights of parties to 
                        certain qualified financial contracts pursuant 
                        to paragraph (8), or shall be construed as 
                        permitting the conservator or receiver to fail 
                        to comply with otherwise enforceable provisions 
                        of such contract.
            ``(14) Exception for federal reserve and the united states 
        treasury.--No provision of this subsection shall apply with 
        respect to--
                    ``(A) any extension of credit from any Federal 
                Reserve bank or the United States Treasury to any 
                System institution; or
                    ``(B) any security interest in the assets of the 
                System institution securing any such extension of 
                credit.
            ``(15) Savings clause.--The meanings of terms used in this 
        subsection--
                    ``(A) are applicable for purposes of this 
                subsection only; and
                    ``(B) shall not be construed or applied so as to 
                challenge or affect the characterization, definition, 
                or treatment of any similar terms under any other law, 
                regulation, or rule, including--
                            ``(i) the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act (12 U.S.C. 
                        1811 note; Public Law 106-102);
                            ``(ii) the Legal Certainty for Bank 
                        Products Act of 2000 (7 U.S.C. 27 et seq.);
                            ``(iii) the securities laws (as that term 
                        is defined in section 3(a) of the Securities 
                        Exchange Act of 1934 (15 U.S.C. 78c(a))); and
                            ``(iv) the Commodity Exchange Act (7 U.S.C. 
                        1 et seq.).
    ``(d) Valuation of Claims in Default.--
            ``(1) In general.--Notwithstanding any other provision of 
        Federal law or the law of any State and regardless of the 
        method which the Corporation determines to utilize with respect 
        to a System institution in default or in danger of default, 
        including transactions authorized under subsection (h) and 
        section 5.61(a), this subsection shall govern the rights of the 
        creditors of such System institution.
            ``(2) Maximum liability.--The maximum liability of the 
        Corporation, acting as receiver or in any other capacity, to 
        any person having a claim against the receiver or the System 
        institution for which such receiver is appointed shall equal 
        the amount such claimant would have received if the Corporation 
        had liquidated the assets and liabilities of such System 
        institution without exercising the Corporation's authority 
        under subsection (h) or section 5.61(a).
            ``(3) Additional payments authorized.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The Corporation may, in its 
                discretion and in the interests of minimizing its 
                losses, use its own resources to make additional 
                payments or credit additional amounts to or with 
                respect to or for the account of any claimant or 
                category of claimants. Notwithstanding any other 
                provision of Federal or State law, or the constitution 
                of any State, the Corporation shall not be obligated, 
                as a result of having made any such payment or credited 
                any such amount to or with respect to or for the 
                account of any claimant or category of claimants, to 
                make payments to any other claimant or category of 
                claimants.
                    ``(B) Manner of payment.--The Corporation may make 
                the payments or credit the amounts specified in 
                subparagraph (A) directly to the claimants or may make 
                such payments or credit such amounts to an open System 
                institution to induce such System institution to accept 
                liability for such claims.
    ``(e) Limitation on Court Action.--Except as provided in this 
section, no court may take any action, except at the written request of 
the Board of Directors, to restrain or affect the exercise of powers or 
functions of the Corporation as a conservator or a receiver.
    ``(f) Liability of Directors and Officers.--
            ``(1) In general.--A director or officer of a System 
        institution may be held personally liable for monetary damages 
        in any civil action--
                    ``(A) brought by, on behalf of, or at the request 
                or direction of the Corporation;
                    ``(B) prosecuted wholly or partially for the 
                benefit of the Corporation--
                            ``(i) acting as conservator or receiver of 
                        that System institution;
                            ``(ii) acting based on a suit, claim, or 
                        cause of action purchased from, assigned by, or 
                        otherwise conveyed by that receiver or 
                        conservator; or
                            ``(iii) acting based on a suit, claim, or 
                        cause of action purchased from, assigned by, or 
                        otherwise conveyed in whole or in part by a 
                        System institution or an affiliate of a System 
                        institution in connection with assistance 
                        provided under section 5.61(a); and
                    ``(C) for, as determined under the applicable State 
                law--
                            ``(i) gross negligence; or
                            ``(ii) any similar conduct, including 
                        conduct that demonstrates a greater disregard 
                        of a duty of care than gross negligence, such 
                        as intentional tortious conduct.
            ``(2) Effect.--Nothing in paragraph (1) impairs or affects 
        any right of the Corporation under any other applicable law.
    ``(g) Damages.--In any proceeding related to any claim against a 
System institution's director, officer, employee, agent, attorney, 
accountant, appraiser, or any other party employed by or providing 
services to a System institution, recoverable damages determined to 
result from the improvident or otherwise improper use or investment of 
any System institution's assets shall include principal losses and 
appropriate interest.
    ``(h) Bridge Farm Credit System Banks.--
            ``(1) Organization.--
                    ``(A) Purpose.--
                            ``(i) In general.--When 1 or more System 
                        banks are in default, or when the Corporation 
                        anticipates that 1 or more System banks may 
                        become in default, the Corporation may, in its 
                        discretion, organize, and the Farm Credit 
                        Administration may, in its discretion, charter, 
                        1 or more System banks, with the powers and 
                        attributes of System banks, subject to the 
                        provisions of this subsection, to be referred 
                        to as `bridge System banks'.
                            ``(ii) Intent of congress.--It is the 
                        intent of the Congress that, in order to 
                        prevent unnecessary hardship or losses to the 
                        customers of any System bank in default with 
                        respect to which a bridge System bank is 
                        chartered, the Corporation should--
                                    ``(I) continue to honor commitments 
                                made by the System bank in default to 
                                creditworthy customers; and
                                    ``(II) not interrupt or terminate 
                                adequately secured loans which are 
                                transferred under this subsection and 
                                are being repaid by the debtor in 
                                accordance with the terms of the loan 
                                instrument.
                    ``(B) Authorities.--Once chartered by the Farm 
                Credit Administration, the bridge System bank may--
                            ``(i) assume such liabilities of the System 
                        bank or banks in default or in danger of 
                        default as the Corporation may, in its 
                        discretion, determine to be appropriate;
                            ``(ii) purchase such assets of the System 
                        bank or banks in default or in danger of 
                        default as the Corporation may, in its 
                        discretion, determine to be appropriate; and
                            ``(iii) perform any other temporary 
                        function which the Corporation may, in its 
                        discretion, prescribe in accordance with this 
                        Act.
                    ``(C) Articles of association.--The articles of 
                association and organization certificate of a bridge 
                System bank as approved by the Corporation shall be 
                executed by 3 representatives designated by the 
                Corporation.
                    ``(D) Interim directors.--A bridge System bank 
                shall have an interim board of directors consisting of 
                not fewer than 5 nor more than 10 members appointed by 
                the Corporation.
            ``(2) Chartering.--
                    ``(A) Conditions.--The Farm Credit Administration 
                may charter a bridge System bank only if the Board of 
                Directors determines that--
                            ``(i) the amount which is reasonably 
                        necessary to operate such bridge System bank 
                        will not exceed the amount which is reasonably 
                        necessary to save the cost of liquidating 1 or 
                        more System banks in default or in danger of 
                        default with respect to which the bridge System 
                        bank is chartered;
                            ``(ii) the continued operation of such 
                        System bank or banks in default or in danger of 
                        default with respect to which the bridge System 
                        bank is chartered is essential to provide 
                        adequate farm credit services in the 1 or more 
                        communities where each such System bank in 
                        default or in danger of default is or was 
                        providing those farm credit services; or
                            ``(iii) the continued operation of such 
                        System bank or banks in default or in danger of 
                        default with respect to which the bridge System 
                        bank is chartered is in the best interest of 
                        the Farm Credit System or the public.
                    ``(B) Bridge system bank treated as being in 
                default for certain purposes.--A bridge System bank 
                shall be treated as being in default at such times and 
                for such purposes as the Corporation may, in its 
                discretion, determine.
                    ``(C) Management.--A bridge System bank, upon the 
                granting of its charter, shall be under the management 
                of a board of directors consisting of not fewer than 5 
                nor more than 10 members appointed by the Corporation, 
                in consultation with the Farm Credit Administration.
                    ``(D) Bylaws.--The board of directors of a bridge 
                System bank shall adopt such bylaws as may be approved 
                by the Corporation.
            ``(3) Transfer of assets and liabilities.--
                    ``(A) Transfer upon grant of charter.--Upon the 
                granting of a charter to a bridge System bank pursuant 
                to this subsection, the Corporation, as receiver, may 
                transfer any assets and liabilities of the System bank 
                to the bridge System bank in accordance with paragraph 
                (1).
                    ``(B) Subsequent transfers.--At any time after a 
                charter is granted to a bridge System bank, the 
                Corporation, as receiver, may transfer any assets and 
                liabilities of such System bank in default as the 
                Corporation may, in its discretion, determine to be 
                appropriate in accordance with paragraph (1).
                    ``(C) Effective without approval.--The transfer of 
                any assets or liabilities of a System bank in default 
                or danger of default transferred to a bridge System 
                bank shall be effective without any further approval 
                under Federal or State law, assignment, or consent with 
                respect thereto.
            ``(4) Powers of bridge system banks.--Each bridge System 
        bank chartered under this subsection shall, to the extent 
        described in the charter of the System bank in default with 
        respect to which the bridge System bank is chartered, have all 
        corporate powers of, and be subject to the same provisions of 
        law as, any System bank, except that--
                    ``(A) the Corporation may--
                            ``(i) remove the interim directors and 
                        directors of a bridge System bank;
                            ``(ii) fix the compensation of members of 
                        the interim board of directors and the board of 
                        directors and senior management, as determined 
                        by the Corporation in its discretion, of a 
                        bridge System bank; and
                            ``(iii) waive any requirement established 
                        under Federal or State law which would 
                        otherwise be applicable with respect to 
                        directors of a bridge System bank, on the 
                        condition that the waiver of any requirement 
                        established by the Farm Credit Administration 
                        shall require the concurrence of the Farm 
                        Credit Administration;
                    ``(B) the Corporation may indemnify the 
                representatives for purposes of paragraph (1)(B) and 
                the interim directors, directors, officers, employees, 
                and agents of a bridge System bank on such terms as the 
                Corporation determines to be appropriate;
                    ``(C) no requirement under any provision of law 
                relating to the capital of a System institution shall 
                apply with respect to a bridge System bank;
                    ``(D) the Farm Credit Administration Board may 
                establish a limitation on the extent to which any 
                person may become indebted to a bridge System bank 
                without regard to the amount of the bridge System 
                bank's capital or surplus;
                    ``(E)(i) the board of directors of a bridge System 
                bank shall elect a chairperson who may also serve in 
                the position of chief executive officer, except that 
                such person shall not serve either as chairperson or as 
                chief executive officer without the prior approval of 
                the Corporation; and
                    ``(ii) the board of directors of a bridge System 
                bank may appoint a chief executive officer who is not 
                also the chairperson, except that such person shall not 
                serve as chief executive officer without the prior 
                approval of the Corporation;
                    ``(F) the Farm Credit Administration may waive any 
                requirement for a fidelity bond with respect to a 
                bridge System bank at the request of the Corporation;
                    ``(G) any judicial action to which a bridge System 
                bank becomes a party by virtue of its acquisition of 
                any assets or assumption of any liabilities of a System 
                bank in default shall be stayed from further 
                proceedings for a period of up to 45 days at the 
                request of the bridge System bank;
                    ``(H) no agreement which tends to diminish or 
                defeat the right, title or interest of a bridge System 
                bank in any asset of a System bank in default acquired 
                by it shall be valid against the bridge System bank 
                unless such agreement--
                            ``(i) is in writing;
                            ``(ii) was executed by such System bank in 
                        default and the person or persons claiming an 
                        adverse interest thereunder, including the 
                        obligor, contemporaneously with the acquisition 
                        of the asset by such System bank in default;
                            ``(iii) was approved by the board of 
                        directors of such System bank in default or its 
                        loan committee, which approval shall be 
                        reflected in the minutes of said board or 
                        committee; and
                            ``(iv) has been, continuously from the time 
                        of its execution, an official record of such 
                        System bank in default;
                    ``(I) notwithstanding subsection 5.61(d)(2), any 
                agreement relating to an extension of credit between a 
                System bank, Federal Reserve bank, or the United States 
                Treasury and any System institution which was executed 
                before the extension of credit by such lender to such 
                System institution shall be treated as having been 
                executed contemporaneously with such extension of 
                credit for purposes of subparagraph (H); and
                    ``(J) except with the prior approval of the 
                Corporation and the concurrence of the Farm Credit 
                Administration, a bridge System bank may not, in any 
                transaction or series of transactions, issue capital 
                stock or be a party to any merger, consolidation, 
                disposition of substantially all of the assets or 
                liabilities of the bridge System bank, sale or exchange 
                of capital stock, or similar transaction, or change its 
                charter.
            ``(5) Capital.--
                    ``(A) No capital required.--The Corporation shall 
                not be required to--
                            ``(i) issue any capital stock on behalf of 
                        a bridge System bank chartered under this 
                        subsection; or
                            ``(ii) purchase any capital stock of a 
                        bridge System bank, except that notwithstanding 
                        any other provision of Federal or State law, 
                        the Corporation may purchase and retain capital 
                        stock of a bridge System bank in such amounts 
                        and on such terms as the Corporation, in its 
                        discretion, determines to be appropriate.
                    ``(B) Operating funds in lieu of capital.--Upon the 
                organization of a bridge System bank, and thereafter, 
                as the Corporation may, in its discretion, determine to 
                be necessary or advisable, the Corporation may make 
                available to the bridge System bank, upon such terms 
                and conditions and in such form and amounts as the 
                Corporation may in its discretion determine, funds for 
                the operation of the bridge System bank in lieu of 
                capital.
                    ``(C) Authority to issue capital stock.--Whenever 
                the Farm Credit Administration Board determines it is 
                advisable to do so, the Corporation shall cause capital 
                stock of a bridge System bank to be issued and offered 
                for sale in such amounts and on such terms and 
                conditions as the Corporation may, in its discretion, 
                determine.
            ``(6) Employee status.--Representatives for purposes of 
        paragraph (1)(C), interim directors, directors, officers, 
        employees, or agents of a bridge System bank are not, solely by 
        virtue of service in any such capacity, officers or employees 
        of the United States. Any employee of the Corporation, the Farm 
        Credit Administration, or any Federal instrumentality who 
        serves at the request of the Corporation as a representative 
        for purposes of paragraph (1)(C), interim director, director, 
        officer, employee, or agent of a bridge System bank shall not--
                    ``(A) solely by virtue of service in any such 
                capacity lose any existing status as an officer or 
                employee of the United States for purposes of any 
                provision of law; or
                    ``(B) receive any salary or benefits for service in 
                any such capacity with respect to a bridge System bank 
                in addition to such salary or benefits as are obtained 
                through employment with the Corporation or such Federal 
                instrumentality.
            ``(7) Assistance authorized.--The Corporation may, in its 
        discretion, provide assistance under section 5.61(a) to 
        facilitate any merger or consolidation of a bridge System bank 
        in the same manner and to the same extent as such assistance 
        may be provided to a qualifying insured System bank (as defined 
        in section 5.61(a)(2)(B)) or to facilitate a bridge System 
        bank's acquisition of any assets or the assumption of any 
        liabilities of a System bank in default or in danger of 
        default.
            ``(8) Duration of bridge system banks.--Subject to 
        paragraphs (10) and (11), the status of a bridge System bank as 
        such shall terminate at the end of the 2-year period following 
        the date it was granted a charter. The Farm Credit 
        Administration Board may, in its discretion, extend the status 
        of the bridge System bank as such for 3 additional 1-year 
        periods.
            ``(9) Termination of bridge system banks status.--The 
        status of any bridge System bank as such shall terminate upon 
        the earliest of--
                    ``(A) the merger or consolidation of the bridge 
                System bank with a System institution that is not a 
                bridge System bank, on the condition that the merger or 
                consolidation shall be subject to the approval of the 
                Farm Credit Administration;
                    ``(B) at the election of the Corporation and with 
                the approval of the Farm Credit Administration, the 
                sale of a majority or all of the capital stock of the 
                bridge System bank to a System institution or another 
                bridge System bank;
                    ``(C) at the election of the Corporation, and with 
                the approval of the Farm Credit Administration, either 
                the assumption of all or substantially all of the 
                liabilities of the bridge System bank, or the 
                acquisition of all or substantially all of the assets 
                of the bridge System bank, by a System institution that 
                is not a bridge System bank or other entity as 
                permitted under applicable law; and
                    ``(D) the expiration of the period provided in 
                paragraph (8), or the earlier dissolution of the bridge 
                System bank as provided in paragraph (11).
            ``(10) Effect of termination events.--
                    ``(A) Merger or consolidation.--A bridge System 
                bank that participates in a merger or consolidation as 
                provided in paragraph (9)(A) shall be for all purposes 
                a System institution, with all the rights, powers, and 
                privileges thereof, and such merger or consolidation 
                shall be conducted in accordance with, and shall have 
                the effect provided in, the provisions of applicable 
                law.
                    ``(B) Charter conversion.--Following the sale of a 
                majority or all of the capital stock of the bridge 
                System bank as provided in paragraph (9)(B), the Farm 
                Credit Administration Board may amend the charter of 
                the bridge System bank to reflect the termination of 
                the status of the bridge System bank as such, whereupon 
                the System bank shall remain a System bank, with all of 
                the rights, powers, and privileges thereof, subject to 
                all laws and regulations applicable thereto.
                    ``(C) Assumption of liabilities and sale of 
                assets.--Following the assumption of all or 
                substantially all of the liabilities of the bridge 
                System bank, or the sale of all or substantially all of 
                the assets of the bridge System bank, as provided in 
                paragraph (9)(C), at the election of the Corporation, 
                the bridge System bank may retain its status as such 
                for the period provided in paragraph (8).
                    ``(D) Amendments to charter.--Following the 
                consummation of a transaction described in subparagraph 
                (A), (B), or (C) of paragraph (9), the charter of the 
                resulting System institution shall be amended by the 
                Farm Credit Administration to reflect the termination 
                of bridge System bank status, if appropriate.
            ``(11) Dissolution of bridge system bank.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Notwithstanding any other 
                provision of State or Federal law, if the bridge System 
                bank's status as such has not previously been 
                terminated by the occurrence of an event specified in 
                subparagraph (A), (B), or (C) of paragraph (9)--
                            ``(i) the Corporation, after consultation 
                        with the Farm Credit Administration, may, in 
                        its discretion, dissolve a bridge System bank 
                        in accordance with this paragraph at any time; 
                        and
                            ``(ii) the Corporation, after consultation 
                        with the Farm Credit Administration, shall 
                        promptly commence dissolution proceedings in 
                        accordance with this paragraph upon the 
                        expiration of the 2-year period following the 
                        date the bridge System bank was chartered, or 
                        any extension thereof, as provided in paragraph 
                        (8).
                    ``(B) Procedures.--The Farm Credit Administration 
                Board shall appoint the Corporation as receiver for a 
                bridge System bank upon determining to dissolve the 
                bridge System bank. The Corporation as such receiver 
                shall wind up the affairs of the bridge System bank in 
                conformity with the provisions of law relating to the 
                liquidation of closed System banks. With respect to any 
                such bridge System bank, the Corporation as such 
                receiver shall have all the rights, powers, and 
                privileges and shall perform the duties related to the 
                exercise of such rights, powers, or privileges granted 
                by law to a receiver of any insured System bank and, 
                notwithstanding any other provision of law in the 
                exercise of such rights, powers, and privileges, the 
                Corporation shall not be subject to the direction or 
                supervision of any State agency or other Federal 
                agency.
            ``(12) Multiple bridge system banks.--The Corporation may, 
        in the Corporation's discretion, organize, and the Farm Credit 
        Administration may, in its discretion, charter, 2 or more 
        bridge System banks under this subsection to assume any 
        liabilities and purchase any assets of a single System 
        institution in default.
    ``(i) Certain Sales of Assets Prohibited.--
            ``(1) Persons who engaged in improper conduct with, or 
        caused losses to, system institutions.--The Corporation shall 
        prescribe regulations which, at a minimum, shall prohibit the 
        sale of assets of a failed System institution by the 
        Corporation to--
                    ``(A) any person who--
                            ``(i) has defaulted, or was a member of a 
                        partnership or an officer or director of a 
                        corporation that has defaulted, on 1 or more 
                        obligations the aggregate amount of which 
                        exceed $1,000,000, to such failed System 
                        institution;
                            ``(ii) has been found to have engaged in 
                        fraudulent activity in connection with any 
                        obligation referred to in clause (i); and
                            ``(iii) proposes to purchase any such asset 
                        in whole or in part through the use of the 
                        proceeds of a loan or advance of credit from 
                        the Corporation or from any System institution 
                        for which the Corporation has been appointed as 
                        conservator or receiver;
                    ``(B) any person who participated, as an officer or 
                director of such failed System institution or of any 
                affiliate of such System institution, in a material way 
                in transactions that resulted in a substantial loss to 
                such failed System institution;
                    ``(C) any person who has been removed from, or 
                prohibited from participating in the affairs of, such 
                failed System institution pursuant to any final 
                enforcement action by the Farm Credit Administration;
                    ``(D) any person who has demonstrated a pattern or 
                practice of defalcation regarding obligations to such 
                failed System institution; or
                    ``(E) any person who is in default on any loan or 
                other extension of credit from such failed System 
                institution which, if not paid, will cause substantial 
                loss to the System institution or the Corporation.
            ``(2) Defaulted debtors.--Except as provided in paragraph 
        (3), any person who is in default on any loan or other 
        extension of credit from the System institution, which, if not 
        paid, will cause substantial loss to the System institution or 
        the Corporation, may not purchase any asset from the 
        conservator or receiver.
            ``(3) Settlement of claims.--Paragraph (1) shall not apply 
        to the sale or transfer by the Corporation of any asset of any 
        System institution to any person if the sale or transfer of the 
        asset resolves or settles, or is part of the resolution or 
        settlement, of--
                    ``(A) 1 or more claims that have been, or could 
                have been, asserted by the Corporation against the 
                person; or
                    ``(B) obligations owed by the person to any System 
                institution, or the Corporation.
            ``(4) Definition of default.--For purposes of this 
        subsection, the term `default' means a failure to comply with 
        the terms of a loan or other obligation to such an extent that 
        the property securing the obligation is foreclosed upon.
    ``(j) Expedited Procedures for Certain Claims.--
            ``(1) Time for filing notice of appeal.--The notice of 
        appeal of any order, whether interlocutory or final, entered in 
        any case brought by the Corporation against a System 
        institution's director, officer, employee, agent, attorney, 
        accountant, or appraiser or any other person employed by or 
        providing services to a System institution shall be filed not 
        later than 30 days after the date of entry of the order. The 
        hearing of the appeal shall be held not later than 120 days 
        after the date of the notice of appeal. The appeal shall be 
        decided not later than 180 days after the date of the notice of 
        appeal.
            ``(2) Scheduling.--A court of the United States shall 
        expedite the consideration of any case brought by the 
        Corporation against a System institution's director, officer, 
        employee, agent, attorney, accountant, or appraiser or any 
        other person employed by or providing services to a System 
        institution. As far as practicable the court shall give such 
        case priority on its docket.
            ``(3) Judicial discretion.--The court may modify the 
        schedule and limitations stated in paragraphs (1) and (2) in a 
        particular case, based on a specific finding that the ends of 
        justice that would be served by making such a modification 
        would outweigh the best interest of the public in having the 
        case resolved expeditiously.
    ``(k) Bond Not Required; Agents; Fee.--The Corporation as 
conservator or receiver of a System institution shall not be required 
to furnish bond and may appoint an agent or agents to assist in its 
duties as such conservator or receiver. All fees, compensation, and 
expenses of liquidation and administration shall be fixed by the 
Corporation and may be paid by it out of funds coming into its 
possession as such conservator or receiver.
    ``(l) Consultation Regarding Conservatorships and Receiverships.--
To the extent practicable--
            ``(1) the Farm Credit Administration shall consult with the 
        Corporation prior to taking a preresolution action concerning a 
        System institution that may result in a conservatorship or 
        receivership; and
            ``(2) the Corporation, acting in the capacity of the 
        Corporation as a conservator or receiver, shall consult with 
        the Farm Credit Administration prior to taking any significant 
        action impacting System institutions or service to System 
        borrowers.
    ``(m) Applicability.--This section shall become applicable with 
respect to the power of the Corporation to act as a conservator or 
receiver on the date on which the Farm Credit Administration appoints 
the Corporation as a conservator or receiver under section 4.12 or 
8.41.''.

SEC. 5409. REPORTING.

    (a) Definition of Farm Loan.--In this section, the term ``farm 
loan'' means--
            (1) a farm ownership loan under subtitle A of the 
        Consolidated Farm and Rural Development Act (7 U.S.C. 1922 et 
        seq.); and
            (2) an operating loan under subtitle B of that Act (7 
        U.S.C. 1941 et seq.).
    (b) Reports.--
            (1) Preparation.--For each fiscal year, the Secretary shall 
        prepare a report that includes--
                    (A) aggregate data based on a review of each 
                outstanding farm loan made or guaranteed by the 
                Secretary describing, for the United States and for 
                each State and county in the United States--
                            (i) the age of the recipient producer;
                            (ii) the duration that the recipient 
                        producer has engaged in agricultural 
                        production;
                            (iii) the size of the farm or ranch of the 
                        recipient producer;
                            (iv) the race, ethnicity, and gender of the 
                        recipient producer;
                            (v) the agricultural commodity or 
                        commodities, or type of enterprise, for which 
                        the loan was secured;
                            (vi) the amount of the farm loan made or 
                        guaranteed;
                            (vii) the type of the farm loan made or 
                        guaranteed; and
                            (viii) the default rate of the farm loan 
                        made or guaranteed;
                    (B) for each State and county in the United States, 
                data demonstrating the number of outstanding farm loans 
                made or guaranteed, according to loan size cohort; and
                    (C) an assessment of actual loans made or 
                guaranteed as measured against target participation 
                rates for beginning and socially disadvantaged farmers, 
                broken down by State, as described in sections 
                346(b)(2) and 355 of the Consolidated Farm and Rural 
                Development Act (7 U.S.C. 1994(b)(2), 2003).
            (2) Submission of report.--The report described in 
        paragraph (1) shall be--
                    (A) submitted--
                            (i) to--
                                    (I) the Committee on Agriculture of 
                                the House of Representatives;
                                    (II) the Committee on 
                                Appropriations of the House of 
                                Representatives;
                                    (III) the Committee on Agriculture, 
                                Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate; 
                                and
                                    (IV) the Committee on 
                                Appropriations of the Senate; and
                            (ii) not later than December 30, 2018, and 
                        annually thereafter; and
                    (B) made publically available not later than 90 
                days after the date described in subparagraph (A)(ii).
    (c) Comprehensive Review.--
            (1) In general.--Not later than 4 years after the date of 
        enactment of this Act (and every 5 years thereafter), the 
        Secretary shall--
                    (A) prepare a comprehensive review of all reports 
                submitted under subsection (b)(2);
                    (B) identify trends within data outlined in 
                subsection (b)(1), including the extent to which target 
                annual participation rates for beginning and socially 
                disadvantaged farmers (as defined by the Secretary) are 
                being met for each loan type; and
                    (C) provide specific actions the Department will 
                take to improve the performance of direct and 
                guaranteed loans with respect to underserved producers 
                and any recommendations the Secretary may make for 
                further congressional action.
            (2) Submission of comprehensive review.--The comprehensive 
        review described in paragraph (1) shall be--
                    (A) submitted to--
                            (i) the Committee on Agriculture of the 
                        House of Representatives;
                            (ii) the Committee on Appropriations of the 
                        House of Representatives;
                            (iii) the Committee on Agriculture, 
                        Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate; and
                            (iv) the Committee on Appropriations of the 
                        Senate; and
                    (B) made publicly available not later than 90 days 
                after the date of submission under subparagraph (A).
    (d) Privacy.--In preparing any report or review under this section, 
the Secretary shall aggregate or de-identify the data in a manner 
sufficient to ensure that the identity of a recipient producer 
associated with the data cannot be ascertained.

SEC. 5410. SENSE OF THE SENATE.

    It is the sense of the Senate that --
            (1) sections 346 and 355 of the Consolidated Farm and Rural 
        Development Act (7 U.S.C. 1994, 2003) reserve amounts to 
        incentivize participation in Farm Service Agency loan programs 
        for qualified beginning farmers and ranchers and socially 
        disadvantaged farmers;
            (2) under current law--
                    (A) for direct loans, 75 percent of the funding for 
                farm ownership loans and 50 percent of operating loans 
                are reserved for the first 11 months of the fiscal 
                year; and
                    (B) for guaranteed loans, 40 percent of available 
                funding is reserved for ownership loans and farm 
                operating loans for the first \1/2\ of the fiscal year; 
                and
            (3) all participants of the Farm Service Agency loan 
        programs should strive to encourage beginning farmers and 
        ranchers and socially disadvantaged farmers to use Farm Service 
        Agency loans.

                      TITLE VI--RURAL DEVELOPMENT

        Subtitle A--Consolidated Farm and Rural Development Act

SEC. 6101. WATER, WASTE DISPOSAL, AND WASTEWATER FACILITY GRANTS.

    Section 306(a)(2)(B) of the Consolidated Farm and Rural Development 
Act (7 U.S.C. 1926(a)(2)(B)) is amended--
            (1) in clause (iii), by striking ``$100,000'' each place it 
        appears and inserting ``$200,000''; and
            (2) in clause (vii), by striking ``2018'' and inserting 
        ``2023''.

SEC. 6102. RURAL WATER AND WASTEWATER TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE AND TRAINING 
              PROGRAMS.

    Section 306(a)(14) of the Consolidated Farm and Rural Development 
Act (7 U.S.C. 1926(a)(14)) is amended--
            (1) in subparagraph (A)--
                    (A) in clause (ii), by striking ``and'' at the end;
                    (B) in clause (iii), by striking the period at the 
                end and inserting ``; and''; and
                    (C) by adding at the end the following:
                            ``(iv) identify options to enhance the 
                        long-term sustainability of rural water and 
                        waste systems, including operational practices, 
                        revenue enhancements, policy revisions, 
                        partnerships, consolidation, regionalization, 
                        or contract services.'';
            (2) by striking subparagraph (B) and inserting the 
        following:
                    ``(B) Selection priority.--In selecting recipients 
                of grants to be made under subparagraph (A), the 
                Secretary shall give priority to--
                            ``(i) private nonprofit organizations that 
                        have experience in providing the technical 
                        assistance and training described in 
                        subparagraph (A) to associations serving rural 
                        areas in which residents have low income and in 
                        which water supply systems or waste facilities 
                        are unhealthful; and
                            ``(ii) recipients that will provide 
                        technical assistance and training programs to 
                        address the contamination of drinking water and 
                        surface water supplies by emerging 
                        contaminants, including per- and 
                        polyfluoroalkyl substances and 
                        perfluorooctanoic acid.''; and
            (3) in subparagraph (C)--
                    (A) by striking ``1 nor more than 3'' and inserting 
                ``3 percent and not more than 5''; and
                    (B) by striking ``1 per centum'' and inserting ``3 
                percent''.

SEC. 6103. RURAL WATER AND WASTEWATER CIRCUIT RIDER PROGRAM.

    Section 306(a)(22)(B) of the Consolidated Farm and Rural 
Development Act (7 U.S.C. 1926(a)(22)(B)) is amended by striking 
``$20,000,000 for fiscal year 2014 and each fiscal year thereafter'' 
and inserting ``$25,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2019 through 
2023''.

SEC. 6104. TRIBAL COLLEGE AND UNIVERSITY ESSENTIAL COMMUNITY 
              FACILITIES.

    Section 306(a)(25)(C) of the Consolidated Farm and Rural 
Development Act (7 U.S.C. 1926(a)(25)(C)) is amended by striking 
``2018'' and inserting ``2023''.

SEC. 6105. COMMUNITY FACILITIES DIRECT LOANS AND GRANTS FOR SUBSTANCE 
              USE DISORDER TREATMENT SERVICES.

    Section 306(a) of the Consolidated Farm and Rural Development Act 
(7 U.S.C. 1926(a)) is amended by adding at the end the following:
            ``(27) Direct loans and grants for substance use disorder 
        treatment services.--
                    ``(A) Selection priority.--In selecting recipients 
                of loans or grants (not including loans guaranteed by 
                the Secretary) for the development of essential 
                community facilities under this section, the Secretary 
                shall give priority to entities eligible for those 
                loans or grants--
                            ``(i) to develop facilities to provide 
                        substance use disorder (including opioid 
                        substance use disorder)--
                                    ``(I) prevention services;
                                    ``(II) treatment services;
                                    ``(III) recovery services; or
                                    ``(IV) any combination of those 
                                services; and
                            ``(ii) that employ staff that have 
                        appropriate expertise and training in how to 
                        identify and treat individuals with substance 
                        use disorders.
                    ``(B) Use of funds.--An eligible entity described 
                in subparagraph (A) that receives a loan or grant 
                described in that subparagraph may use the loan or 
                grant funds for the development of telehealth 
                facilities and systems to provide telehealth services 
                for substance use disorder treatment.''.

SEC. 6106. EMERGENCY AND IMMINENT COMMUNITY WATER ASSISTANCE GRANT 
              PROGRAM.

    Section 306A of the Consolidated Farm and Rural Development Act (7 
U.S.C. 1926a) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (b)(1), by striking ``; and'' and 
        inserting the following: ``, particularly to projects to 
        address contamination that--
                    ``(A) poses a threat to human health or the 
                environment; and
                    ``(B) was caused by circumstances beyond the 
                control of the applicant for a grant, including 
                circumstances that occurred over a period of time; 
                and'';
            (2) in subsection (f)(1), by striking ``$500,000'' and 
        inserting ``$1,000,000'';
            (3) by redesignating subsection (i) as subsection (j);
            (4) by inserting after subsection (h) the following:
    ``(i) Interagency Task Force on Rural Water Quality.--
            ``(1) In general.--Not later than 90 days after the date of 
        enactment of the Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018, the 
        Secretary shall coordinate and chair an interagency task force 
        to examine drinking water and surface water contamination in 
        rural communities, particularly rural communities that are in 
        close proximity to active or decommissioned military 
        installations in the United States.
            ``(2) Membership.--The interagency task force shall consist 
        of--
                    ``(A) the Secretary;
                    ``(B) the Secretary of the Army, acting through the 
                Chief of Engineers;
                    ``(C) the Secretary of Health and Human Services, 
                acting through--
                            ``(i) the Director of the Agency for Toxic 
                        Substances and Disease Registry; and
                            ``(ii) the Director of the Centers for 
                        Disease Control and Prevention;
                    ``(D) the Secretary of Housing and Urban 
                Development;
                    ``(E) the Secretary of the Interior, acting 
                through--
                            ``(i) the Director of the United States 
                        Fish and Wildlife Service; and
                            ``(ii) the Director of the United States 
                        Geological Survey;
                    ``(F) the Administrator of the Environmental 
                Protection Agency; and
                    ``(G) representatives from rural drinking and 
                wastewater entities, State and community regulators, 
                and appropriate scientific experts that reflect a 
                diverse cross-section of the rural communities 
                described in paragraph (1).
            ``(3) Report.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Not later than 360 days after 
                the date of enactment of the Agriculture Improvement 
                Act of 2018, the task force shall submit to the 
                committees described in subparagraph (B) a report 
                that--
                            ``(i) examines, and identifies issues 
                        relating to, water contamination in rural 
                        communities, particularly rural communities 
                        that are in close proximity to active or 
                        decommissioned military installations in the 
                        United States;
                            ``(ii) reviews the extent to which Federal, 
                        State, and local government agencies coordinate 
                        with one another to address the issues 
                        identified under clause (i);
                            ``(iii) recommends how Federal, State, and 
                        local government agencies can work together in 
                        the most effective, efficient, and cost-
                        effective manner practicable, to address the 
                        issues identified under clause (i); and
                            ``(iv) recommends changes to existing 
                        statutory requirements, regulatory 
                        requirements, or both, to improve interagency 
                        coordination and responsiveness to address the 
                        issues identified under clause (i).
                    ``(B) Committees described.--The committees 
                referred to in subparagraph (A) are--
                            ``(i) the Committee on Agriculture of the 
                        House of Representatives;
                            ``(ii) the Committee on Agriculture, 
                        Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate;
                            ``(iii) the Committee on Energy and 
                        Commerce of the House of Representatives;
                            ``(iv) the Committee on Environment and 
                        Public Works of the Senate;
                            ``(v) the Committee on Armed Services of 
                        the House of Representatives; and
                            ``(vi) the Committee on Armed Services of 
                        the Senate.''; and
            (5) in subsection (j) (as so redesignated)--
                    (A) in paragraph (1)(A), by striking ``3 nor more 
                than 5'' and inserting ``5 percent and not more than 
                7''; and
                    (B) in paragraph (2), by striking ``$35,000,000 for 
                each of fiscal years 2008 through 2018'' and inserting 
                ``$50,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2019 through 
                2023''.

SEC. 6107. WATER SYSTEMS FOR RURAL AND NATIVE VILLAGES IN ALASKA.

    Section 306D of the Consolidated Farm and Rural Development Act (7 
U.S.C. 1926d) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a), by striking ``Alaska for'' and 
        inserting ``Alaska, a consortium formed pursuant to section 325 
        of the Department of the Interior and Related Agencies 
        Appropriations Act, 1998 (Public Law 105-83; 111 Stat. 1597), 
        and Native villages (as defined in section 3 of the Alaska 
        Native Claims Settlement Act (43 U.S.C. 1602)) for'';
            (2) in subsection (b), by inserting ``for any grant awarded 
        under subsection (a)'' before the period at the end; and
            (3) in subsection (d)--
                    (A) in paragraph (1), by striking ``2018'' and 
                inserting ``2023''; and
                    (B) in paragraph (2), by striking ``Alaska'' and 
                inserting ``Alaska, and not more than 2 percent of the 
                amount made available under paragraph (1) for a fiscal 
                year may be used by a consortium formed pursuant to 
                section 325 of the Department of the Interior and 
                Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 1998 (Public Law 
                105-83; 111 Stat. 1597),''.

SEC. 6108. RURAL DECENTRALIZED WATER SYSTEMS.

    Section 306E of the Consolidated Farm and Rural Development Act (7 
U.S.C. 1926e) is amended--
            (1) by striking the section heading and inserting ``rural 
        decentralized water systems'';
            (2) in subsection (a), by striking ``100'' and inserting 
        ``60'';
            (3) in subsection (b)--
                    (A) in paragraph (1)--
                            (i) by inserting ``and subgrants'' after 
                        ``loans''; and
                            (ii) by inserting ``and individually owned 
                        household decentralized wastewater systems'' 
                        after ``well systems'';
                    (B) by striking paragraph (2) and inserting the 
                following:
            ``(2) Terms and amounts.--
                    ``(A) Terms of loans.--A loan made with grant funds 
                under this section--
                            ``(i) shall have an interest rate of 1 
                        percent; and
                            ``(ii) shall have a term not to exceed 20 
                        years.
                    ``(B) Amounts.--A loan or subgrant made with grant 
                funds under this section shall not exceed $15,000 for 
                each water well system or decentralized wastewater 
                system described in paragraph (1).''; and
                    (C) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(4) Ground well water contamination.--In the event of 
        ground well water contamination, the Secretary shall allow a 
        loan or subgrant to be made with grant funds under this section 
        for the installation of water treatment where needed beyond the 
        point of entry, with or without the installation of a new water 
        well system.'';
            (4) in subsection (c), by striking ``productive use of 
        individually-owned household water well systems'' and inserting 
        ``effective use of individually owned household water well 
        systems, individually owned household decentralized wastewater 
        systems,''; and
            (5) in subsection (d)--
                    (A) by striking ``$5,000,000'' and inserting 
                ``$40,000,000''; and
                    (B) by striking ``2014 through 2018'' and inserting 
                ``2019 through 2023''.

SEC. 6109. SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT GRANTS.

    Section 310B(b)(2) of the Consolidated Farm and Rural Development 
Act (7 U.S.C. 1932(b)(2)) is amended by striking ``2018'' and inserting 
``2023''.

SEC. 6110. RURAL BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT GRANTS.

    Section 310B(c)(4)(A) of the Consolidated Farm and Rural 
Development Act (7 U.S.C. 1932(c)(4)(A)) is amended by striking 
``2018'' and inserting ``2023''.

SEC. 6111. RURAL COOPERATIVE DEVELOPMENT GRANTS.

    Section 310B(e) of the Consolidated Farm and Rural Development Act 
(7 U.S.C. 1932(e)) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (10), by inserting ``(including research 
        and analysis based on data from the latest available Economic 
        Census conducted by the Bureau of the Census)'' after ``conduct 
        research''; and
            (2) in paragraph (13), by striking ``2018'' and inserting 
        ``2023''.

SEC. 6112. LOCALLY OR REGIONALLY PRODUCED AGRICULTURAL FOOD PRODUCTS.

    Section 310B(g)(9)(B)(iv)(I) of the Consolidated Farm and Rural 
Development Act (7 U.S.C. 1932(g)(9)(B)(iv)(I)) is amended by striking 
``2018'' and inserting ``2023''.

SEC. 6113. APPROPRIATE TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER FOR RURAL AREAS PROGRAM.

    Section 310B(i)(4) of the Consolidated Farm and Rural Development 
Act (7 U.S.C. 1932(i)(4)) is amended by striking ``2018'' and inserting 
``2023''.

SEC. 6114. RURAL ECONOMIC AREA PARTNERSHIP ZONES.

    Section 310B(j) of the Consolidated Farm and Rural Development Act 
(7 U.S.C. 1932(j)) is amended by striking ``2018'' and inserting 
``2023''.

SEC. 6115. INTEMEDIARY RELENDING PROGRAM.

    Section 310H of the Consolidated Farm and Rural Development Act (7 
U.S.C. 1936b) is amended--
            (1) by redesignating subsection (e) as subsection (i);
            (2) by inserting after subsection (d) the following:
    ``(e) Limitation on Loan Amounts.--The maximum amount of a loan by 
an eligible entity described in subsection (b) to individuals and 
entities for a project under subsection (c), including the unpaid 
balance of any existing loans, shall be the lesser of--
            ``(1) $400,000; and
            ``(2) 50 percent of the loan to the eligible entity under 
        subsection (a).
    ``(f) Applications.--
            ``(1) In general.--To be eligible to receive a loan or loan 
        guarantee under subsection (a), an eligible entity described in 
        subsection (b) shall submit to the Secretary an application at 
        such time, in such manner, and containing such information as 
        the Secretary may require.
            ``(2) Evaluation.--In evaluating applications submitted 
        under paragraph (1), the Secretary shall--
                    ``(A)(i) take into consideration the previous 
                performance of an eligible entity in carrying out 
                projects under subsection (c); and
                    ``(ii) in the case of satisfactory performance 
                under clause (i), require the eligible entity to 
                contribute less equity for subsequent loans without 
                modifying the priority given to subsequent 
                applications; and
                    ``(B) in assigning priorities to applications, 
                require an eligible entity to demonstrate that it has a 
                governing or advisory board made up of business, civic, 
                and community leaders who are representative of the 
                communities of the service area, without limitation to 
                the size of the service area.
    ``(g) Return of Equity.--The Secretary shall establish a schedule 
that is consistent with the amortization schedules of the portfolio of 
loans made or guaranteed under subsection (a) for the return of any 
equity contribution made under this section by an eligible entity 
described in subsection (b), if the eligible entity is--
            ``(1) current on all principal and interest payments; and
            ``(2) in compliance with loan covenants.
    ``(h) Regulations.--The Secretary shall promulgate regulations and 
establish procedures reducing the administrative requirements on 
eligible entities described in subsection (b), including regulations to 
carry out the amendments made to this section by the Agriculture 
Improvement Act of 2018.''; and
            (3) in subsection (i) (as so redesignated), by striking 
        ``2018'' and inserting ``2023''.

SEC. 6116. SINGLE APPLICATION FOR BROADBAND.

    Section 331 of the Consolidated Farm and Rural Development Act (7 
U.S.C. 1981) is amended by adding at the end the following:
    ``(e) Single Application for Broadband.--
            ``(1) In general.--Subject to paragraphs (2), (3), and (4), 
        notwithstanding any other provision of law, broadband 
        facilities and broadband service (as defined in section 601(b) 
        of the Rural Electrification Act of 1936 (7 U.S.C. 950bb(b)), 
        may be funded as an incidental part of any grant, loan, or loan 
        guarantee provided under this title or any other provision of 
        law administered by the Secretary, acting through the rural 
        development mission area.
            ``(2) Limitation.--Except as otherwise authorized by an Act 
        of Congress, funding under paragraph (1) shall not constitute 
        more than 10 percent of any loan for a fiscal year for any 
        program under this title or any other provision of law 
        administered by the Secretary, acting through the rural 
        development mission area.
            ``(3) Competitive harm.--The Secretary shall not provide 
        funding under paragraph (1) if the funding would result in 
        competitive harm to any existing grant, loan, or loan guarantee 
        described in that paragraph.
            ``(4) Eligibility.--Funding under paragraph (1) shall be 
        granted only for eligible projects described in section 
        601(d)(2) of the Rural Electrification Act of 1936 (7 U.S.C. 
        950bb(d)(2)).''.

SEC. 6117. LOAN GUARANTEE LOAN FEES.

    (a) Certain Programs Under Consolidated Farm and Rural Development 
Act.--Section 333 of the Consolidated Farm and Rural Development Act (7 
U.S.C. 1983) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (5), by striking ``and'' at the end;
            (2) in paragraph (6)(E), by striking the period at the end 
        and inserting ``; and''; and
            (3) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(7) in the case of an insured or guaranteed loan issued 
        or modified under section 306(a), charge and collect from the 
        lender fees in such amounts as are necessary such that--
                    ``(A) the sum of--
                            ``(i) the total amount of fees so charged 
                        for each fiscal year; and
                            ``(ii) the total of the amounts 
                        appropriated for the insured or guaranteed 
                        loans for the fiscal year; is equal to
                    ``(B) the amount of the costs of subsidies for the 
                insured or guaranteed loans for the fiscal year.''.
    (b) Rural Broadband Program.--Section 601(c) of the Rural 
Electrification Act of 1936 (7 U.S.C. 950bb(c)) is amended by adding at 
the end the following:
            ``(3) Fees.--In the case of a loan guarantee issued or 
        modified under this section, the Secretary shall charge and 
        collect from the lender fees in such amounts as are necessary 
        such that--
                    ``(A) the sum of--
                            ``(i) the total amount of fees so charged 
                        for each fiscal year; and
                            ``(ii) the total of the amounts 
                        appropriated for the loan guarantees for the 
                        fiscal year; is equal to
                    ``(B) the amount of the costs of subsidies for the 
                loan guarantees for the fiscal year.''.

SEC. 6118. RURAL BUSINESS-COOPERATIVE SERVICE PROGRAMS TECHNICAL 
              ASSISTANCE AND TRAINING.

    The Consolidated Farm and Rural Development Act is amended by 
inserting after section 367 (as added by section 5305) the following:

``SEC. 368. RURAL BUSINESS-COOPERATIVE SERVICE PROGRAMS TECHNICAL 
              ASSISTANCE AND TRAINING.

    ``(a) In General.--The Secretary may make grants to public bodies, 
private nonprofit corporations, economic development authorities, 
institutions of higher education, federally recognized Indian Tribes, 
and rural cooperatives for the purpose of providing or obtaining 
technical assistance and training to support funding applications for 
programs carried out by the Secretary, acting through the Administrator 
of the Rural Business-Cooperative Service.
    ``(b) Purposes.--A grant under subsection (a) may be used--
            ``(1) to assist communities in identifying and planning for 
        business and economic development needs;
            ``(2) to identify public and private resources to finance 
        business and small and emerging business needs;
            ``(3) to prepare reports and surveys necessary to request 
        financial assistance for businesses in rural communities; and
            ``(4) to prepare applications for financial assistance.
    ``(c) Selection Priority.--In selecting recipients of grants under 
this section, the Secretary shall give priority to grants serving 
persistent poverty counties and high poverty communities, as determined 
by the Secretary.
    ``(d) Funding.--
            ``(1) In general.--There is authorized to be appropriated 
        to carry out this section $5,000,000 for each of fiscal years 
        2019 through 2023, to remain available until expended.
            ``(2) Availability.--Any amounts authorized to be 
        appropriated under paragraph (1) for any fiscal year that are 
        not appropriated for that fiscal year may be appropriated for 
        any succeeding fiscal year.''.

SEC. 6119. NATIONAL RURAL DEVELOPMENT PARTNERSHIP.

    Section 378 of the Consolidated Farm and Rural Development Act (7 
U.S.C. 2008m) is amended in subsections (g)(1) and (h) by striking 
``2018'' each place it appears and inserting ``2023''.

SEC. 6120. GRANTS FOR NOAA WEATHER RADIO TRANSMITTERS.

    Section 379B(d) of the Consolidated Farm and Rural Development Act 
(7 U.S.C. 2008p(d)) is amended by striking ``2018'' and inserting 
``2023''.

SEC. 6121. RURAL MICROENTREPRENEUR ASSISTANCE PROGRAM.

    Section 379E of the Consolidated Farm and Rural Development Act (7 
U.S.C. 2008s) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (b)(4)(B)(ii)--
                    (A) in the clause heading, by striking ``Maximum 
                amount'' and inserting ``Amount'';
                    (B) by inserting ``not less than 20 percent and'' 
                before ``not more than 25 percent''; and
                    (C) by striking the period at the end and inserting 
                the following: ``, subject to--
                                    ``(I) satisfactory performance by 
                                the microenterprise development 
                                organization under this section, and
                                    ``(II) the availability of 
                                funding.''; and
            (2) in subsection (d)(2)--
                    (A) by striking ``$40,000,000'' and inserting 
                ``$20,000,000''; and
                    (B) by striking ``2009 through 2018'' and inserting 
                ``2019 through 2023''.

SEC. 6122. HEALTH CARE SERVICES.

    Section 379G(e) of the Consolidated Farm and Rural Development Act 
(7 U.S.C. 2008u(e)) is amended by striking ``2018'' and inserting 
``2023''.

SEC. 6123. STRATEGIC ECONOMIC AND COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT.

    Section 379H of the Consolidated Farm and Rural Development Act (7 
U.S.C. 2008v) is amended to read as follows:

``SEC. 379H. STRATEGIC ECONOMIC AND COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT.

    ``(a) In General.--In the case of any program under this title or 
administered by the Secretary, acting through the rural development 
mission area, as determined by the Secretary (referred to in this 
section as a `covered program'), the Secretary shall give priority to 
an application for a project that, as determined and approved by the 
Secretary--
            ``(1) meets the applicable eligibility requirements of this 
        title or the other applicable authorizing law;
            ``(2) will be carried out in a rural area; and
            ``(3) supports the implementation of a strategic community 
        investment plan described in subsection (d) on a multisectoral 
        and multijurisdictional basis, to include considerations for 
        improving and expanding broadband services as needed.
    ``(b) Reserve.--
            ``(1) In general.--Subject to paragraph (2), the Secretary 
        shall reserve not more than 10 percent of the funds made 
        available for a fiscal year for covered programs for projects 
        that support the implementation of a strategic community 
        investment plan described in subsection (d) on a multisectoral 
        and multijurisdictional basis.
            ``(2) Period.--Any funds reserved under paragraph (1) shall 
        only be reserved for the 1-year period beginning on the date on 
        which the funds were first made available, as determined by the 
        Secretary.
    ``(c) Approved Applications.--
            ``(1) In general.--Subject to paragraph (2), any applicant 
        who submitted an application under a covered program that was 
        approved before the date of enactment of this section may amend 
        the application to qualify for the funds reserved under 
        subsection (b).
            ``(2) Rural utilities.--Any applicant who submitted an 
        application under paragraph (2), (14), or (24) of section 
        306(a), or section 306A or 310B(b), that was approved by the 
        Secretary before the date of enactment of this section shall be 
        eligible for the funds reserved under subsection (b)--
                    ``(A) on the same basis as an application submitted 
                under this section; and
                    ``(B) until September 30, 2019.
    ``(d) Strategic Community Investment Plans.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall provide assistance 
        to rural communities in developing strategic community 
        investment plans.
            ``(2) Plans.--A strategic community investment plan 
        described in paragraph (1) shall include--
                    ``(A) a variety of activities designed to 
                facilitate the vision of a rural community for the 
                future, including considerations for improving and 
                expanding broadband services as needed;
                    ``(B) participation by multiple stakeholders, 
                including local and regional partners;
                    ``(C) leverage of applicable regional resources;
                    ``(D) investment from strategic partners, such as--
                            ``(i) private organizations;
                            ``(ii) cooperatives;
                            ``(iii) other government entities;
                            ``(iv) Indian Tribes; and
                            ``(v) philanthropic organizations;
                    ``(E) clear objectives with the ability to 
                establish measurable performance metrics;
                    ``(F) action steps for implementation; and
                    ``(G) any other elements necessary to ensure that 
                the plan results in a comprehensive and strategic 
                approach to rural economic development, as determined 
                by the Secretary.
            ``(3) Coordination.--The Secretary shall coordinate with 
        Indian Tribes and local, State, regional, and Federal partners 
        to develop strategic community investment plans under this 
        subsection.
            ``(4) Authorization of appropriations.--There is authorized 
        to be appropriated to carry out this subsection $5,000,000 for 
        each of fiscal years 2019 through 2023, to remain available 
        until expended.''.

SEC. 6124. DELTA REGIONAL AUTHORITY.

    (a) Authorization of Appropriations.--Section 382M(a) of the 
Consolidated Farm and Rural Development Act (7 U.S.C. 2009aa-12(a)) is 
amended by striking ``2018'' and inserting ``2023''.
    (b) Termination of Authority.--Section 382N of the Consolidated 
Farm and Rural Development Act (7 U.S.C. 2009aa-13) is amended by 
striking ``2018'' and inserting ``2023''.

SEC. 6125. RURAL BUSINESS INVESTMENT PROGRAM.

    Section 384S of the Consolidated Farm and Rural Development Act (7 
U.S.C. 2009cc-18) is amended by striking ``2018'' and inserting 
``2023''.

             Subtitle B--Rural Electrification Act of 1936

SEC. 6201. ELECTRIC LOAN REFINANCING.

    Section 2(a) of the Rural Electrification Act of 1936 (7 U.S.C. 
902(a)) is amended by striking ``loans in'' and inserting ``loans, or 
refinance loans made by the Secretary under this Act, in''.

SEC. 6202. TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE FOR RURAL ELECTRIFICATION LOANS.

    Section 2 of the Rural Electrification Act of 1936 (7 U.S.C. 902) 
is amended by adding at the end the following:
    ``(c) Technical Assistance.--
            ``(1) In general.--Not later than 180 days after the date 
        of enactment of the Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018, the 
        Secretary shall enter into a memorandum of understanding with 
        the Secretary of Energy under which the Secretary of Energy 
        shall provide technical assistance to applicants for loans made 
        under subsection (a) and section 4(a).
            ``(2) Form of assistance.--The technical assistance that 
        the Secretary may request pursuant to a memorandum of 
        understanding entered into under paragraph (1) may include--
                    ``(A) direct advice;
                    ``(B) tools, maps, and training relating to--
                            ``(i) the implementation of demand-side 
                        management of electric and telephone service in 
                        rural areas;
                            ``(ii) energy efficiency and conservation 
                        programs; and
                            ``(iii) on-grid and off-grid renewable 
                        energy systems; and
                    ``(C) any other forms of assistance determined 
                necessary by the Secretary.''.

SEC. 6203. LOANS FOR TELEPHONE SERVICE.

    Section 201 of the Rural Electrification Act of 1936 (7 U.S.C. 922) 
is amended--
            (1) by striking the section designation and all that 
        follows through ``From such sums'' and inserting the following:

``SEC. 201. LOANS FOR TELEPHONE SERVICE.

    ``From such sums'';
            (2) in the second sentence, by striking ``associations:'' 
        and all that follows through ``same subscribers.'' and 
        inserting ``associations.''; and
            (3) in the sixth sentence, by striking ``nor shall such 
        loan'' and all that follows through ``writing)'' and inserting 
        ``and''.

SEC. 6204. CUSHION OF CREDIT PAYMENTS PROGRAM.

    (a) In General.--Section 313 of the Rural Electrification Act of 
1936 (7 U.S.C. 940c) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a)--
                    (A) by redesignating paragraphs (2) and (3) as 
                paragraphs (3) and (4), respectively;
                    (B) by inserting after paragraph (1) the following:
            ``(2) Termination of deposit authority.--Effective October 
        1, 2018, no deposits may be made under paragraph (1).''; and
                    (C) in paragraph (3) (as so designated), by 
                striking ``borrower at a rate of 5 percent per annum.'' 
                and inserting the following: ``borrower--
                    ``(A) for each fiscal year through fiscal year 
                2018, at a rate of 5 percent; and
                    ``(B) for fiscal year 2019 and each fiscal year 
                thereafter, at a rate equal to--
                            ``(i) the average interest rate used to 
                        make payments on the 5-year Treasury note for 
                        the most recent calendar quarter; but
                            ``(ii) not greater than 5 percent.'';
            (2) in subsection (b)(2)--
                    (A) in subparagraph (A)--
                            (i) by striking ``The Secretary'' and 
                        inserting the following:
                            ``(i) In general.--The Secretary'';
                            (ii) in clause (i) (as so designated), by 
                        striking ``Fund to which shall be credited, on 
                        a monthly basis,'' and inserting the following: 
                        ``Fund, to be known as the ``rural economic 
                        development subaccount'' (referred to in this 
                        paragraph as the ``subaccount'').
                            ``(ii) Differential payments.--For each 
                        month through September 2021, the Secretary 
                        shall credit to the subaccount''; and
                            (iii) in clause (ii) (as so designated), by 
                        striking ``the 5 percent'' and all that follows 
                        through the period at the end and inserting ``5 
                        percent.'';
                    (B) in subparagraph (B)--
                            (i) by striking ``is authorized, from the 
                        interest differential sums credited this 
                        subaccount'' and inserting ``shall, from 
                        interest differential sums credited under 
                        subparagraph (A)(ii) to the subaccount''; and
                            (ii) by striking ``to provide'' and 
                        inserting ``provide'';
                    (C) in subparagraph (E), by striking ``rural 
                economic development''; and
                    (D) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(F) Funding.--
                            ``(i) Mandatory funding.--Of the funds of 
                        the Commodity Credit Corporation, the Secretary 
                        shall credit to the subaccount to use for the 
                        cost of grants and loans under subparagraphs 
                        (B) through (E) $5,000,000 for each of fiscal 
                        years 2022 and 2023, to remain available until 
                        expended.
                            ``(ii) Authorization of appropriations.--In 
                        addition to other amounts available in the 
                        subaccount for the cost of grants and loans 
                        under subparagraphs (B) through (E), there is 
                        authorized to be appropriated to the subaccount 
                        for the cost of the grants and loans $5,000,000 
                        for each of fiscal years 2022 and 2023, to 
                        remain available until expended.''.
    (b) Conforming Amendments.--
            (1) Section 12(b)(3)(D) of the Rural Electrification Act of 
        1936 (7 U.S.C. 912(b)(3)(D)) is amended by striking 
        ``313(b)(2)(A)'' and inserting ``313(b)(2)(A)(ii)''.
            (2) Section 313A of the Rural Electrification Act of 1936 
        (7 U.S.C. 940c-1) is amended in subsections (c)(4)(A) and 
        (e)(2) by striking ``313(b)(2)(A)'' each place it appears and 
        inserting ``313(b)(2)(A)(i)''.

SEC. 6205. GUARANTEES FOR BONDS AND NOTES ISSUED FOR ELECTRIFICATION OR 
              TELEPHONE PURPOSES.

    (a) In General.--Section 313A of the Rural Electrification Act of 
1936 (7 U.S.C. 940c-1) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a)--
                    (A) by striking ``Subject to'' and inserting the 
                following:
            ``(1) Guarantees.--Subject to'';
                    (B) in paragraph (1) (as so designated), by 
                striking ``basis'' and all that follows through the 
                period at the end and inserting ``basis, if the 
                proceeds of the bonds or notes are used to make utility 
                infrastructure loans, or refinance bonds or notes 
                issued for those purposes, to a borrower that has at 
                any time received, or is eligible to receive, a loan 
                under this Act.''; and
                    (C) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(2) Terms.--A bond or note guaranteed under this section 
        shall, by agreement between the Secretary and the borrower--
                    ``(A) be for a term of 30 years (or another term of 
                years that the Secretary determines is appropriate); 
                and
                    ``(B) be repaid by the borrower--
                            ``(i) in periodic installments of principal 
                        and interest;
                            ``(ii) in periodic installments of interest 
                        and, at the end of the term of the bond or 
                        note, as applicable, by the repayment of the 
                        outstanding principal; or
                            ``(iii) through a combination of the 
                        methods described in clauses (i) and (ii).'';
            (2) in subsection (b)--
                    (A) in paragraph (1), by striking 
                ``electrification'' and all that follows through the 
                period at the end and inserting ``purposes described in 
                subsection (a)(1).'';
                    (B) by striking paragraph (2);
                    (C) by redesignating paragraphs (3) and (4) as 
                paragraphs (2) and (3), respectively; and
                    (D) in paragraph (2) (as so redesignated)--
                            (i) in subparagraph (A), by striking ``for 
                        electrification or telephone purposes'' and 
                        inserting ``for eligible purposes described in 
                        subsection (a)(1)''; and
                            (ii) in subparagraph (C), by striking 
                        ``subsection (a)'' and inserting ``subsection 
                        (a)(1)''; and
            (3) in subsection (f), by striking ``2018'' and inserting 
        ``2023''.
    (b) Administration.--Beginning on the date of enactment of the 
Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018, the Secretary shall continue to 
carry out section 313A of the Rural Electrification Act of 1936 (7 
U.S.C. 940c-1) (as amended by subsection (a)) under a Notice of 
Solicitation of Applications until the date on which any regulations 
necessary to carry out the amendments made by subsection (a) are fully 
implemented.

SEC. 6206. ACCESS TO BROADBAND TELECOMMUNICATIONS SERVICES IN RURAL 
              AREAS.

    Section 601 of the Rural Electrification Act of 1936 (7 U.S.C. 
950bb) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a), by striking ``loans and'' and 
        inserting ``grants, loans, and'';
            (2) in subsection (c)--
                    (A) in the subsection heading, by striking ``Loans 
                and'' and inserting ``Grants, Loans, and'';
                    (B) in paragraph (1), by inserting ``make grants 
                and'' after ``Secretary shall'';
                    (C) by striking paragraph (2) and inserting the 
                following:
            ``(2) Priority.--
                    ``(A) In general.--In making grants, loans, or loan 
                guarantees under paragraph (1), the Secretary shall--
                            ``(i) give the highest priority to 
                        applications for projects to provide broadband 
                        service to unserved rural communities that do 
                        not have any residential broadband service;
                            ``(ii) give priority to applications for 
                        projects to provide the maximum level of 
                        broadband service to the greatest proportion of 
                        rural households in the proposed service area 
                        identified in the application;
                            ``(iii) give priority to applications for 
                        projects to provide rapid and expanded 
                        deployment of fixed and mobile broadband on 
                        cropland and ranchland within a service 
                        territory for use in various applications of 
                        precision agriculture;
                            ``(iv) provide equal consideration to all 
                        eligible entities, including those that have 
                        not previously received grants, loans, or loan 
                        guarantees under paragraph (1); and
                            ``(v) with respect to 2 or more 
                        applications that are given the same priority 
                        under clause (i), give priority to an 
                        application that requests less grant funding 
                        than loan funding.
                    ``(B) Other.--After giving priority to the 
                applications described in clauses (i) and (ii) of 
                subparagraph (A), the Secretary shall then give 
                priority to applications--
                            ``(i) for projects to provide broadband 
                        service to rural communities--
                                    ``(I) with a population of less 
                                than 10,000 permanent residents;
                                    ``(II) that are experiencing 
                                outmigration and have adopted a 
                                strategic community investment plan 
                                under section 379H(d) that includes 
                                considerations for improving and 
                                expanding broadband service;
                                    ``(III) with a high percentage of 
                                low income families or persons (as 
                                defined in section 501(b) of the 
                                Housing Act of 1949 (42 U.S.C. 
                                1471(b)); or
                                    ``(IV) that are isolated from other 
                                significant population centers; and
                            ``(ii) that were developed with the 
                        participation of, and will receive a 
                        substantial portion of the funding for the 
                        project from, 1 or more stakeholders, 
                        including--
                                    ``(I) State, local, and tribal 
                                governments;
                                    ``(II) nonprofit institutions;
                                    ``(III) community anchor 
                                institutions, such as--
                                            ``(aa) public libraries;
                                            ``(bb) elementary schools 
                                        and secondary schools (as 
                                        defined in section 8101 of the 
                                        Elementary and Secondary 
                                        Education Act of 1965 (20 
                                        U.S.C. 7801));
                                            ``(cc) institutions of 
                                        higher education; and
                                            ``(dd) health care 
                                        facilities;
                                    ``(IV) private entities; and
                                    ``(V) philanthropic organizations.
                    ``(C) Identification of unserved communities.--
                            ``(i) In general.--In the case of an 
                        application given the highest priority under 
                        subparagraph (A)(i), the Secretary shall 
                        confirm that each unserved rural community 
                        identified in the application is eligible for 
                        funding by--
                                    ``(I) conferring with and obtaining 
                                data from the Chair of the Federal 
                                Communications Commission and the 
                                Administrator of the National 
                                Telecommunications and Information 
                                Administration with respect to the 
                                service level in the service area 
                                proposed in the application;
                                    ``(II) reviewing any other source 
                                that is relevant to service data 
                                validation, as determined by the 
                                Secretary; and
                                    ``(III) performing site-specific 
                                testing to verify the unavailability of 
                                any residential broadband service in 
                                the unserved rural community.
                            ``(ii) Adjustments.--Not less often than 
                        once every 2 years, the Secretary shall review, 
                        and may adjust through notice published in the 
                        Federal Register, the unserved communities 
                        identified under clause (i).'';
                    (D) by redesignating paragraph (3) (as added by 
                section 6117(b)) as paragraph (4); and
                    (E) by inserting after paragraph (2) the following:
            ``(3) Grant amounts.--
                    ``(A) Definition of development costs.--In this 
                paragraph, the term `development costs' means costs 
                of--
                            ``(i) construction, including labor and 
                        materials;
                            ``(ii) project applications; and
                            ``(iii) other development activities, as 
                        determined by the Secretary.
                    ``(B) Eligibility.--To be eligible for a grant 
                under this section, the project that is the subject of 
                the grant shall be carried out in a rural area.
                    ``(C) Maximum.--Except as provided in subparagraph 
                (D), the amount of any grant made under this section 
                shall not exceed 50 percent of the development costs of 
                the project for which the grant is provided.
                    ``(D) Secretarial authority to adjust.--The 
                Secretary may make grants of up to 75 percent of the 
                development costs of the project for which the grant is 
                provided to an eligible entity if the Secretary 
                determines that the project serves--
                            ``(i) an area of rural households described 
                        in paragraph (2)(A)(ii); and
                            ``(ii) a rural community described in any 
                        of subclauses (I) through (IV) of paragraph 
                        (2)(B)(i).'';
            (3) in subsection (d)--
                    (A) in paragraph (1)--
                            (i) in subparagraph (A)--
                                    (I) in the matter preceding clause 
                                (i), by striking ``loan or'' and 
                                inserting ``grant, loan, or'';
                                    (II) in clause (ii), by striking 
                                ``a loan application'' and inserting 
                                ``an application''; and
                                    (III) in clause (iii)--
                                            (aa) by striking 
                                        ``service'' and inserting 
                                        ``infrastructure'';
                                            (bb) by striking ``loan'' 
                                        the first place it appears;
                                            (cc) by striking ``3'' and 
                                        inserting ``5''; and
                                            (dd) by striking ``proceeds 
                                        from the loan made or 
                                        guaranteed under this section 
                                        are'' and inserting 
                                        ``assistance under this section 
                                        is''; and
                            (ii) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(C) Relation to universal service high-cost 
                support.--The Secretary shall coordinate with the 
                Federal Communications Commission to ensure that any 
                grants, loans, or loan guarantees made under this 
                section complement and do not conflict with universal 
                service high-cost support (as defined in section 54.5 
                of title 47, Code of Federal Regulations, or any 
                successor regulation) provided by the Commission.'';
                    (B) in paragraph (2)--
                            (i) in subparagraph (A)--
                                    (I) in the matter preceding clause 
                                (i)--
                                            (aa) by striking ``the 
                                        proceeds of a loan made or 
                                        guaranteed'' and inserting 
                                        ``assistance''; and
                                            (bb) by striking ``for the 
                                        loan or loan guarantee'' and 
                                        inserting ``of the eligible 
                                        entity'';
                                    (II) in clause (i)--
                                            (aa) by striking ``15'' and 
                                        inserting ``90''; and
                                            (bb) by striking ``level of 
                                        broadband service'' and 
                                        inserting ``level of fixed 
                                        broadband service, whether 
                                        terrestrial or wireless,''; and
                                    (III) in clause (ii), by striking 
                                ``3'' and inserting ``2'';
                            (ii) in subparagraph (C), by striking 
                        clause (ii) and inserting the following:
                            ``(ii) Exceptions.--Clause (i) shall not 
                        apply if the applicant is eligible for funding 
                        under another title of this Act.'';
                    (C) in paragraph (3), in subparagraph (A), by 
                striking ``loan or'' and inserting ``grant, loan, or'';
                    (D) in paragraph (4), by striking ``loan or'' and 
                inserting ``grant, loan, or'';
                    (E) in paragraph (5)(A), in the matter preceding 
                clause (i), by striking ``loan or'' and inserting 
                ``grant, loan, or'';
                    (F) in paragraph (6), by striking ``loan or'' and 
                inserting ``grant, loan, or'';
                    (G) by redesignating paragraph (7) as subparagraph 
                (B) and indenting appropriately;
                    (H) by inserting after paragraph (6) the following:
            ``(7) Application process.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall provide to 
                an applicant of a grant, loan, or loan guarantee under 
                this section feedback and decisions on funding in a 
                timely manner.'';
                    (I) in paragraph (7)(B) (as so redesignated), by 
                striking ``may seek a determination of area eligibility 
                prior to preparing a loan application under this 
                section.'' and inserting the following: ``may, before 
                preparing an application under this section--
                            ``(i) seek a determination of area 
                        eligibility; and
                            ``(ii) submit to the Secretary a proposal 
                        for a project, on which the Secretary shall 
                        provide feedback regarding how the proposal 
                        could be changed to improve the likelihood that 
                        the Secretary would approve the application.'';
                    (J) in paragraph (10)(A), by striking ``15'' and 
                inserting ``30''; and
                    (K) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(11) Technical assistance and training.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The Secretary may provide 
                eligible entities described in paragraph (1) that are 
                applying for a grant, loan, or loan guarantee for a 
                project described in subsection (c)(2)(A)(i) technical 
                assistance and training--
                            ``(i) to prepare reports and surveys 
                        necessary to request grants, loans, and loan 
                        guarantees under this section for broadband 
                        deployment;
                            ``(ii) to improve management, including 
                        financial management, relating to the proposed 
                        broadband deployment;
                            ``(iii) to prepare applications for grants, 
                        loans, and loan guarantees under this section; 
                        or
                            ``(iv) to assist with other areas of need 
                        identified by the Secretary.
                    ``(B) Funding.--Not less than 3 percent and not 
                more than 5 percent of amounts appropriated to carry 
                out this section for a fiscal year shall be used for 
                technical assistance and training under this 
                paragraph.'';
            (4) in subsection (e)(1)--
                    (A) in subparagraph (A), by striking ``4-Mbps'' and 
                inserting ``25-Mbps''; and
                    (B) in subparagraph (B), by striking ``1-Mbps'' and 
                inserting ``3-Mbps'';
            (5) in subsection (f), by striking ``make a loan or loan 
        guarantee'' and inserting ``provide assistance'';
            (6) in subsection (j)--
                    (A) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), by 
                striking ``loan and loan guarantee'';
                    (B) in paragraph (1), by inserting ``grants and'' 
                after ``number of'';
                    (C) in paragraph (2)--
                            (i) in subparagraph (A), by striking 
                        ``loan''; and
                            (ii) in subparagraph (B), by striking 
                        ``loans and'' and inserting ``grants, loans, 
                        and''; and
                    (D) in paragraph (3), by striking ``loan'';
            (7) by redesignating subsections (k) and (l) as subsections 
        (m) and (n), respectively;
            (8) by inserting after subsection (j) the following:
    ``(k) Broadband Buildout Data.--As a condition of receiving a 
grant, loan, or loan guarantee under this section, a recipient of 
assistance shall provide to the Secretary complete, reliable, and 
precise geolocation information that indicates the location of new 
broadband service that is being provided or upgraded within the service 
territory supported by the grant, loan, or loan guarantee not later 
than 30 days after the earlier of--
            ``(1) the date of completion of any project milestone 
        established by the Secretary; or
            ``(2) the date of completion of the project.
    ``(l) Environmental Reviews.--The Secretary may obligate, but not 
disperse, funds under this Act before the completion of otherwise 
required environmental, historical, or other types of reviews if the 
Secretary determines that a subsequent site-specific review shall be 
adequate and easily accomplished for the location of towers, poles, or 
other broadband facilities in the service area of the borrower without 
compromising the project or the required reviews.'';
            (9) in subsection (m) (as so redesignated)--
                    (A) in paragraph (1)--
                            (i) by striking ``$25,000,000'' and 
                        inserting ``$150,000,000''; and
                            (ii) by striking ``2008 through 2018'' and 
                        inserting ``2019 through 2023''; and
                    (B) in paragraph (2)(A)--
                            (i) in clause (i), by striking ``and'' at 
                        the end;
                            (ii) in clause (ii), by striking the period 
                        at the end and inserting ``; and''; and
                            (iii) by adding at the end the following:
                            ``(iii) set aside at least 1 percent to be 
                        used for--
                                    ``(I) conducting oversight under 
                                this section; and
                                    ``(II) implementing accountability 
                                measures and related activities 
                                authorized under this section.''; and
            (10) in subsection (n) (as so redesignated)--
                    (A) by striking ``loan or'' and inserting ``grant, 
                loan, or''; and
                    (B) by striking ``2018'' and inserting ``2023''.

SEC. 6207. COMMUNITY CONNECT GRANT PROGRAM.

    Title VI of the Rural Electrification Act of 1936 (7 U.S.C. 950bb 
et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the following:

``SEC. 604. COMMUNITY CONNECT GRANT PROGRAM.

    ``(a) Definitions.--In this section:
            ``(1) Eligible broadband service.--The term `eligible 
        broadband service' means broadband service that has the 
        capability to transmit data at a speed specified by the 
        Secretary, which may not be less than the applicable minimum 
        download and upload speeds established by the Federal 
        Communications Commission in defining the term `advanced 
        telecommunications capability' for purposes of section 706 of 
        the Telecommunications Act of 1996 (47 U.S.C. 1302).
            ``(2) Eligible service area.--The term `eligible service 
        area' means an area in which broadband service capacity is less 
        than--
                    ``(A) a 10-Mbps downstream transmission capacity; 
                and
                    ``(B) a 1-Mbps upstream transmission capacity.
            ``(3) Eligible entity.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The term `eligible entity' means 
                a legally organized entity that--
                            ``(i) is--
                                    ``(I) an incorporated organization;
                                    ``(II) an Indian Tribe or Tribal 
                                organization;
                                    ``(III) a State;
                                    ``(IV) a unit of local government; 
                                or
                                    ``(V) any other legal entity, 
                                including a cooperative, a private 
                                corporation, or a limited liability 
                                company, that is organized on a for-
                                profit or a not-for-profit basis; and
                            ``(ii) has the legal capacity and authority 
                        to enter into a contract, to comply with 
                        applicable Federal laws, and to own and operate 
                        broadband facilities, as proposed in the 
                        application submitted by the entity for a grant 
                        under the Program.
                    ``(B) Exclusions.--The term `eligible entity' does 
                not include--
                            ``(i) an individual; or
                            ``(ii) a partnership.
            ``(4) Program.--The term `Program' means the Community 
        Connect Grant Program established under subsection (b).
            ``(5) Rural area.--The term `rural area' has the meaning 
        given the term in section 601(b)(3)(A).
    ``(b) Establishment.--The Secretary shall establish a program, to 
be known as the `Community Connect Grant Program', to provide grants to 
eligible entities to finance broadband transmission in rural areas.
    ``(c) Eligible Projects.--An eligible entity that receives a grant 
under the Program shall use the grant to carry out a project that--
            ``(1) provides eligible broadband service to, within the 
        proposed eligible service area described in the application 
        submitted by the eligible entity--
                    ``(A) each essential community facility funded 
                under section 306(a) of the Consolidated Farm and Rural 
                Development Act (7 U.S.C. 1926(a)); and
                    ``(B) any required facilities necessary to offer 
                that eligible broadband service to each residential and 
                business customer; and
            ``(2) for not less than 2 years--
                    ``(A) furnishes free wireless eligible broadband 
                service to a community center described in subsection 
                (d)(1)(B);
                    ``(B) provides not fewer than 2 computer access 
                points for that free wireless eligible broadband 
                service; and
                    ``(C) covers the cost of bandwidth to provide free 
                eligible broadband service to each essential community 
                facility funded under section 306(a) of the 
                Consolidated Farm and Rural Development Act (7 U.S.C. 
                1926(a)) within the proposed eligible service area 
                described in the application submitted by the eligible 
                entity.
    ``(d) Uses of Grant Funds.--
            ``(1) In general.--An eligible entity that receives a grant 
        under the Program may use the grant for--
                    ``(A) the construction, acquisition, or leasing of 
                facilities (including spectrum), land, or buildings to 
                deploy eligible broadband service; and
                    ``(B) the improvement, expansion, construction, or 
                acquisition of a community center within the proposed 
                eligible service area described in the application 
                submitted by the eligible entity.
            ``(2) Ineligible uses.--An eligible entity that receives a 
        grant under the Program shall not use the grant for--
                    ``(A) the duplication of any existing broadband 
                service provided by another entity in the eligible 
                service area; or
                    ``(B) operating expenses, except as provided in--
                            ``(i) subsection (c)(2)(C) with respect to 
                        free wireless eligible broadband service; and
                            ``(ii) paragraph (1)(A) with respect to 
                        spectrum.
            ``(3) Free access for community centers.--Of the amounts 
        provided to an eligible entity under a grant under the Program, 
        the eligible entity shall use to carry out paragraph (1)(B) not 
        greater than the lesser of--
                    ``(A) 10 percent; and
                    ``(B) $150,000.
    ``(e) Matching Funds.--
            ``(1) In general.--An eligible entity that receives a grant 
        under the Program shall provide a cash contribution in an 
        amount that is not less than 15 percent of the amount of the 
        grant.
            ``(2) Requirements.--A cash contribution described in 
        paragraph (1)--
                    ``(A) shall be used solely for the project for 
                which the eligible entity receives a grant under the 
                Program; and
                    ``(B) shall not include any Federal funds, unless a 
                Federal statute specifically provides that those 
                Federal funds may be considered to be from a non-
                Federal source.
    ``(f) Applications.--
            ``(1) In general.--To be eligible to receive a grant under 
        the Program, an eligible entity shall submit to the Secretary 
        an application at such time, in such manner, and containing 
        such information as the Secretary may require.
            ``(2) Requirement.--An application submitted by an eligible 
        entity under paragraph (1) shall include documentation 
        sufficient to demonstrate the availability of funds to satisfy 
        the requirement of subsection (e).
    ``(g) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be 
appropriated to carry out this section $50,000,000 for each fiscal 
year.''.

SEC. 6208. TRANSPARENCY IN THE TELECOMMUNICATIONS INFRASTRUCTURE LOAN 
              PROGRAM.

    Title VI of the Rural Electrification Act of 1936 (7 U.S.C. 950bb 
et seq.) (as amended by section 6207) is amended by adding at the end 
the following:

``SEC. 605. TRANSPARENCY IN THE TELECOMMUNICATIONS INFRASTRUCTURE LOAN 
              PROGRAM.

    ``(a) Public Notice of Applications for Assistance.--The Secretary 
shall publish in the Federal Register, and promptly make available to 
the public, a fully searchable database on the website of Rural 
Utilities Service that contains, at a minimum--
            ``(1) notice of each application for a loan from the 
        Telecommunications Infrastructure Loan and Guarantee Program 
        under this Act describing the application, including--
                    ``(A) the identity of the applicant;
                    ``(B) a description of the application, including--
                            ``(i) each census block proposed to be 
                        served by the applicant; and
                            ``(ii) the amount and type of support 
                        requested by the applicant;
                    ``(C) the status of the application;
                    ``(D) the estimated number and proportion of 
                households in each census block under subparagraph 
                (B)(i) that are without telecommunications service; and
                    ``(E) a list of the census block groups, in a 
                manner specified by the Secretary, to which the 
                applicant proposes to provide service; and
            ``(2) notice of each borrower receiving assistance under 
        the Telecommunications Infrastructure Loan and Guarantee 
        Program under this Act, including--
                    ``(A) the name of the borrower;
                    ``(B) the type of assistance being received; and
                    ``(C) the purpose for which the borrower is 
                receiving the assistance; and
            ``(3) such other information as is sufficient to allow the 
        public to understand the assistance provided under the 
        Telecommunications Infrastructure Loan and Guarantee Program 
        under this Act.
    ``(b) Opportunity for the Public to Submit Information.--The 
Secretary shall, with respect to an application for a loan under the 
Telecommunications Infrastructure Loan and Guarantee Program under this 
Act--
            ``(1) for a period of not less than 15 days after the date 
        on which the notice required by subsection (a)(1) is provided 
        with respect to the application, provide an opportunity for an 
        interested party to voluntarily submit information concerning 
        the services that the party offers in the census blocks 
        described in subsection (a)(1)(B)(i), such that the Secretary 
        may assess whether approving the application would result in 
        any duplication of lines, facilities, or systems that are 
        providing reasonably adequate services; and
            ``(2) if no interested party submits information under 
        paragraph (1), consider the number of providers in the census 
        block group to be established by using broadband deployment 
        data from the most recent Form 477 data collection of the 
        Federal Communications Commission.''.

SEC. 6209. REFINANCING OF BROADBAND AND TELEPHONE LOANS.

    (a) In General.--Section 201 of the Rural Electrification Act of 
1936 (7 U.S.C. 922) is amended, in the fifth sentence, by striking 
``furnishing telephone service in rural areas:'' and all that follows 
through ``40 per centum of any loan made under this title.'' and 
inserting ``furnishing telephone service in rural areas, including 
indebtedness of recipients on another telecommunications loan made 
under this Act.''.
    (b) Broadband.--Section 601(i) of the Rural Electrification Act of 
1936 (7 U.S.C. 950bb(i)) is amended by striking ``Act if the use of'' 
and all that follows through the period at the end and inserting ``Act, 
or on any other loan if that loan would have been for an eligible 
purpose under this Act.''.

SEC. 6210. CYBERSECURITY AND GRID SECURITY IMPROVEMENTS.

    Title III of the Rural Electrification Act of 1936 (7 U.S.C. 931 et 
seq.) is amended by adding at the end the following:

``SEC. 319. CYBERSECURITY AND GRID SECURITY IMPROVEMENTS.

    ``(a) Definition of Cybersecurity and Grid Security Improvements.--
In this section, the term `cybersecurity and grid security 
improvements' means investment in the development, expansion, and 
modernization of rural utility infrastructure that addresses known 
cybersecurity and grid security risks.
    ``(b) Loans and Loan Guarantees.--The Secretary may make or 
guarantee loans under this title and title I for cybersecurity and grid 
security improvements.''.

                       Subtitle C--Miscellaneous

SEC. 6301. DISTANCE LEARNING AND TELEMEDICINE.

    (a) Substance Use Disorder Treatment Services.--Section 2333(c) of 
the Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 
950aaa-2(c)) is amended by adding at the end the following:
            ``(5) Substance use disorder treatment services.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Subject to subparagraph (B), the 
                Secretary shall make available not less than 20 percent 
                of amounts made available under section 2335A for 
                financial assistance under this chapter for substance 
                use disorder treatment services.
                    ``(B) Exception.--In the case of a fiscal year for 
                which the Secretary determines that there are not 
                sufficient qualified applicants to receive financial 
                assistance for substance use disorder treatment 
                services to reach the 20-percent requirement under 
                subparagraph (A), the Secretary may make available less 
                than 20 percent of amounts made available under section 
                2335A for those services.''.
    (b) Authorization of Appropriations.--Section 2335A of the Food, 
Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 950aaa-5) is 
amended by striking ``2018'' and inserting ``2023''.
    (c) Conforming Amendment.--Section 1(b) of Public Law 102-551 (7 
U.S.C. 950aaa note) is amended by striking ``2018'' and inserting 
``2023''.

SEC. 6302. RURAL ENERGY SAVINGS PROGRAM.

    Section 6407 of the Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002 
(7 U.S.C. 8107a) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (b)(2), by striking ``efficiency.'' and 
        inserting ``efficiency (including cost-effective on- or off-
        grid renewable energy or energy storage systems).'';
            (2) in subsection (c)--
                    (A) by redesignating paragraphs (4) through (7) as 
                paragraphs (5) through (8), respectively;
                    (B) by inserting after paragraph (3) the following:
            ``(4) Eligibility for other loans.--The Secretary shall not 
        include any debt incurred by a borrower under this section in 
        the calculation of the debt-equity ratio of the borrower for 
        purposes of eligibility for loans under the Rural 
        Electrification Act of 1936 (7 U.S.C. 901 et seq.).'';
                    (C) in subparagraph (B) of paragraph (5) (as so 
                redesignated), by striking ``(6)'' and inserting 
                ``(7)''; and
                    (D) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(9) Accounting.--The Secretary shall take appropriate 
        steps to streamline the accounting requirements on borrowers 
        under this section while maintaining adequate assurances of the 
        repayment of the loans.'';
            (3) in subsection (d)(1)(A), by striking ``3 percent'' and 
        inserting ``6 percent'';
            (4) by redesignating subsection (h) as subsection (i);
            (5) by inserting after subsection (g) the following:
    ``(h) Publication.--Not later than 120 days after the end of each 
fiscal year, the Secretary shall publish a description of--
            ``(1) the number of applications received under this 
        section for that fiscal year;
            ``(2) the number of loans made to eligible entities under 
        this section for that fiscal year; and
            ``(3) the recipients of the loans described in paragraph 
        (2).''; and
            (6) in subsection (i) (as so redesignated), by striking 
        ``2018'' and inserting ``2023''.

SEC. 6303. RURAL HEALTH AND SAFETY EDUCATION PROGRAMS.

    (a) In General.--Section 502(i) of the Rural Development Act of 
1972 (7 U.S.C. 2662(i)) is amended--
            (1) by redesignating paragraph (5) as paragraph (6); and
            (2) by inserting after paragraph (4) the following:
            ``(5) Substance use disorder education and prevention.--In 
        making grants under this subsection, the Secretary shall give 
        priority to an applicant that will use the grant for substance 
        use disorder education, prevention, or treatment.''.
    (b) Technical Amendments.--Title V of the Rural Development Act of 
1972 (7 U.S.C. 2661 et seq.) (as amended by subsection (a)) is 
amended--
            (1) in section 502, in the matter preceding subsection (a), 
        by inserting ``(referred to in this title as the `Secretary')'' 
        after ``Agriculture''; and
            (2) by striking ``Secretary of Agriculture'' each place it 
        appears (other than in section 502 in the matter preceding 
        subsection (a)) and inserting ``Secretary''.

SEC. 6304. NORTHERN BORDER REGIONAL COMMISSION REAUTHORIZATION.

    (a) Administrative Expenses of Regional Commissions.--Section 
15304(c)(3)(A) of title 40, United States Code, is amended by striking 
``unanimous'' and inserting ``majority''.
    (b) Economic and Infrastructure Development Grants.--Section 15501 
of title 40, United States Code, is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a)--
                    (A) in paragraph (7), by striking ``and'' at the 
                end;
                    (B) by redesignating paragraph (8) as paragraph 
                (9); and
                    (C) by inserting after paragraph (7) the following:
            ``(8) to grow the capacity for successful community 
        economic development in its region; and'';
            (2) in subsection (b), by striking ``paragraphs (1) through 
        (3)'' and inserting ``paragraph (1), (2), (3), or (7)''; and
            (3) in subsection (f), by striking the period at the end 
        and inserting ``, except that financial assistance may be used 
        as otherwise authorized by this subtitle to attract businesses 
        to the region from outside the United States.''.
    (c) State Capacity Building Grant Program.--
            (1) Definitions.--In this subsection:
                    (A) Commission.--The term ``Commission'' means the 
                Northern Border Regional Commission established by 
                section 15301(a)(3) of title 40, United States Code.
                    (B) Commission state.--The term ``Commission 
                State'' means each of the States of Maine, New 
                Hampshire, New York, and Vermont.
                    (C) Eligible county.--The term ``eligible county'' 
                means a county described in section 15733 of title 40, 
                United States Code.
                    (D) Program.--The term ``program'' means the State 
                capacity building grant program established under 
                paragraph (2).
            (2) Establishment.--Not later than 180 days after the date 
        of enactment of this Act, the Commission shall establish a 
        State capacity building grant program to provide grants to 
        Commission States to carry out the purpose under paragraph (3).
            (3) Purpose.--The purpose of the program is to support the 
        efforts of Commission States--
                    (A) to better support business retention and 
                expansion in eligible counties;
                    (B) to create programs to encourage job creation 
                and workforce development;
                    (C) to prepare economic and infrastructure plans 
                for eligible counties;
                    (D) to expand access to high-speed broadband;
                    (E) to encourage initiatives that drive investments 
                in transportation, water, wastewater, and other 
                critical infrastructure;
                    (F) to create initiatives to increase the 
                effectiveness of local or regional economic developers; 
                and
                    (G) to implement new or innovative economic 
                development practices that will better position the 
                Commission States to compete in the global economy.
            (4) Use of funds.--
                    (A) In general.--Funds from a grant under the 
                program may be used to support a project, program, or 
                expense of the Commission State in an eligible county.
                    (B) Limitation.--Funds from a grant under the 
                program shall not be used for--
                            (i) the purchase of furniture, fixtures, or 
                        equipment; or
                            (ii) the compensation of--
                                    (I) any State member of the 
                                Commission (as described in section 
                                15301(b)(1)(B) of title 40, United 
                                States Code); or
                                    (II) any State alternate member of 
                                the Commission (as described in section 
                                15301(b)(2)(B) of title 40, United 
                                States Code).
            (5) Annual work plan.--
                    (A) In general.--For each fiscal year, before 
                providing a grant under the program, each Commission 
                State shall provide to the Commission an annual work 
                plan that includes the proposed use of the grant.
                    (B) Approval.--No grant under the program shall be 
                provided to a Commission State unless the Commission 
                has approved the annual work plan of the State.
            (6) Amount of grant.--
                    (A) In general.--The amount of a grant provided to 
                a Commission State under the program shall be an amount 
                equal to the share of the State of administrative 
                expenses of the Commission for a fiscal year (as 
                determined under section 15304(c) of title 40, United 
                States Code).
                    (B) Approval.--For each fiscal year, a grant 
                provided under the program shall be approved and made 
                available as part of the approval of the annual budget 
                of the Commission.
            (7) Grant availability.--Funds from a grant under the 
        program shall be available only during the fiscal year for 
        which the grant is provided.
            (8) Report.--Each fiscal year, each Commission State shall 
        submit to the Commission and make publicly available a report 
        that describes the use of the grant funds and the impact of the 
        program in the State.
            (9) Funding.--
                    (A) In general.--There is authorized to be 
                appropriated such sums as the Commission determines to 
                be necessary, subject to the condition that the 
                Commission may use not more than $5,000,000 to carry 
                out this subsection for any fiscal year.
                    (B) Supplement, not supplant.--Funds made available 
                to carry out this subsection shall supplement and not 
                supplant funds made available for the Commission and 
                other activities of the Commission.
    (d) Northern Border Regional Commission.--Section 15733 of title 
40, United States Code, is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (2)--
                    (A) by inserting ``Belknap,'' before ``Carroll,''; 
                and
                    (B) by inserting ``Cheshire,'' before ``Coos,''; 
                and
            (2) in paragraph (4)--
                    (A) by inserting ``Addison, Bennington,'' before 
                ``Caledonia,'';
                    (B) by inserting ``Chittenden,'' before ``Essex,'';
                    (C) by striking ``and'' and inserting ``Orange,'' 
                and
                    (D) by inserting ``, Rutland, Washington, Windham, 
                and Windsor'' after ``Orleans''.
    (e) Authorization of Appropriations.--Section 15751(a) of title 40, 
United States Code, is amended by striking ``2018'' and inserting 
``2023''.
    (f) Technical Amendments.--Chapters 1, 2, 3, and 4 of subtitle V of 
title 40, United States Code, are redesignated as chapters 151, 153, 
155, and 157, respectively.

SEC. 6305. COUNCIL ON RURAL COMMUNITY INNOVATION AND ECONOMIC 
              DEVELOPMENT.

    (a) Findings.--Congress makes the following findings:
            (1) 16 percent of the population of the United States lives 
        in rural counties.
            (2) Strong, sustainable rural communities are essential to 
        future prosperity and ensuring United States competitiveness in 
        the years ahead.
            (3) Rural communities supply the food, fiber, and energy of 
        the United States, safeguard the natural resources of the 
        United States, and are essential to the development of science 
        and innovation.
            (4) Though rural communities face numerous challenges, they 
        also present enormous economic potential.
            (5) The Federal Government has an important role to play in 
        expanding access to the capital necessary for economic growth, 
        promoting innovation, increasing energy resiliency and 
        reliability, improving access to health care and education, and 
        expanding outdoor recreational activities on public land.
    (b) Purpose.--The purpose of this section is to enhance the efforts 
of the Federal Government to address the needs of rural areas in the 
United States by--
            (1) establishing a council to better coordinate Federal 
        programs directed to rural communities;
            (2) maximizing the impact of Federal investment to promote 
        economic prosperity and quality of life in rural communities in 
        the United States; and
            (3) using innovation to resolve local and regional 
        challenges faced by rural communities.
    (c) Establishment.--There is established a Council on Rural 
Community Innovation and Economic Development (referred to in this 
section as the ``Council'').
    (d) Membership.--
            (1) In general.--The membership of the Council shall be 
        composed of the heads of the following executive branch 
        departments, agencies, and offices:
                    (A) The Department of Agriculture.
                    (B) The Department of the Treasury.
                    (C) The Department of Defense.
                    (D) The Department of Justice.
                    (E) The Department of the Interior.
                    (F) The Department of Commerce.
                    (G) The Department of Labor.
                    (H) The Department of Health and Human Services.
                    (I) The Department of Housing and Urban 
                Development.
                    (J) The Department of Transportation.
                    (K) The Department of Energy.
                    (L) The Department of Education.
                    (M) The Department of Veterans Affairs.
                    (N) The Department of Homeland Security.
                    (O) The Environmental Protection Agency.
                    (P) The Federal Communications Commission.
                    (Q) The Office of Management and Budget.
                    (R) The Office of Science and Technology Policy.
                    (S) The Office of National Drug Control Policy.
                    (T) The Council of Economic Advisers.
                    (U) The Domestic Policy Council.
                    (V) The National Economic Council.
                    (W) The Small Business Administration.
                    (X) The Council on Environmental Quality.
                    (Y) The White House Office of Public Engagement.
                    (Z) The White House Office of Cabinet Affairs.
                    (AA) Such other executive branch departments, 
                agencies, and offices as the President or the Secretary 
                may, from time to time, designate.
            (2) Chair.--The Secretary shall serve as the Chair of the 
        Council.
            (3) Designees.--A member of the Council may designate, to 
        perform the Council functions of the member, a senior-level 
        official who is--
                    (A) part of the department, agency, or office of 
                the member; and
                    (B) a full-time officer or employee of the Federal 
                Government.
            (4) Administration.--The Council shall coordinate policy 
        development through the rural development mission area.
    (e) Funding.--The Secretary shall provide funding and 
administrative support for the Council to the extent permitted by law 
and within existing appropriations.
    (f) Mission and Function of the Council.--The Council shall work 
across executive departments, agencies, and offices to coordinate 
development of policy recommendations--
            (1) to maximize the impact of Federal investment of rural 
        communities;
            (2) to promote economic prosperity and quality of life in 
        rural communities; and
            (3) to use innovation to resolve local and regional 
        challenges faced by rural communities.
    (g) Duties.--The Council shall--
            (1) make recommendations to the President, acting through 
        the Director of the Domestic Policy Council and the Director of 
        the National Economic Council, on streamlining and leveraging 
        Federal investments in rural areas, where appropriate, to 
        increase the impact of Federal dollars and create economic 
        opportunities to improve the quality of life in rural areas in 
        the United States;
            (2) coordinate and increase the effectiveness of Federal 
        engagement with rural stakeholders, including agricultural 
        organizations, small businesses, education and training 
        institutions, health-care providers, telecommunications 
        services providers, electric service providers, transportation 
        providers, research and land grant institutions, law 
        enforcement, State, local, and tribal governments, and 
        nongovernmental organizations regarding the needs of rural 
        areas in the United States;
            (3) coordinate Federal efforts directed toward the growth 
        and development of rural geographic regions that encompass both 
        metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas;
            (4) identify and facilitate rural economic opportunities 
        associated with energy development, outdoor recreation, and 
        other conservation related activities; and
            (5) identify common economic and social challenges faced by 
        rural communities that could be served through--
                    (A) better coordination of existing Federal and 
                non-Federal resources; and
                    (B) innovative solutions utilizing governmental and 
                nongovernmental resources.
    (h) Executive Departments and Agencies.--
            (1) In general.--The heads of executive departments and 
        agencies shall assist and provide information to the Council, 
        consistent with applicable law, as may be necessary to carry 
        out the functions of the Council.
            (2) Expenses.--Each executive department or agency shall be 
        responsible for paying any expenses of the executive department 
        or agency for participating in the Council.
    (i) Report on Rural Smart Communities.--
            (1) In general.--Not later than 1 year after the 
        establishment of the Council, the Council shall submit to 
        Congress a report describing efforts of rural areas to 
        integrate ``smart'' technology into their communities to solve 
        challenges relating to energy, transportation, health care, law 
        enforcement, housing, or other relevant local issues, as 
        determined by the Secretary.
            (2) Smart rural communities.--The report under paragraph 
        (1) shall include a description of efforts of rural communities 
        to apply innovative and advanced technologies and related 
        mechanisms (such as telecommunications, energy, transportation, 
        housing, economic development)--
                    (A) to improve the health and quality of life of 
                residents;
                    (B) to increase the efficiency and cost-
                effectiveness of civic operations and services, 
                including public safety and other vital public 
                functions;
                    (C) to promote economic growth;
                    (D) to enhance the use of electricity in the 
                community and reduce pollution; and
                    (E) to create a more sustainable and resilient 
                community.
            (3) Other inclusions.--The report under paragraph (1) shall 
        include--
                    (A) an analysis of efforts to integrate ``smart'' 
                technology into rural communities across the United 
                States;
                    (B) an analysis of barriers and challenges faced by 
                rural areas in integrating ``smart'' technology into 
                their communities;
                    (C) an analysis of Federal efforts to assist rural 
                areas with the development and integration of ``smart'' 
                technology into rural communities;
                    (D) recommendations, if any, on how to improve 
                coordination and deployment of Federal efforts to 
                assist rural areas develop and integrate ``smart'' 
                technology into their communities;
                    (E) recommendations, if any, on how rural areas 
                developing ``smart'' communities can better leverage 
                private sector resources; and
                    (F) guidelines that establish best practices for 
                rural areas that desire to use ``smart'' technology to 
                overcome local challenges.
    (j) Review of Public Benefit to Rural Communities on the Creation 
of Rural Smart Community Demonstration Projects.--
            (1) In general.--On completion of the report under 
        subsection (i)(1), the Council shall review the benefits of the 
        creation of a rural smart community demonstration projects 
        program for the purposes of coordinating Department of 
        Agriculture rural development, housing, energy, and 
        telecommunication programs, and other Federal programs specific 
        to rural communities, to expand innovative technologies and 
        address local challenges specific to rural communities.
            (2) Inclusions.--In the review under paragraph (1) the 
        Council shall determine whether a rural smart community 
        demonstration projects program would--
                    (A) demonstrate smart community technologies that 
                can be adapted and repeated by other rural communities;
                    (B) encourage public, private, local, or regional 
                best practices that can be replicated by other rural 
                communities;
                    (C) encourage private sector innovation and 
                investment in rural communities;
                    (D) promote a skilled workforce; and
                    (E) promote standards that allow for the 
                measurement and validation of the cost savings and 
                performance improvements associated with the 
                installation and use of smart community technologies 
                and practices.
    (k) Rural Smart Community Resource Guide.--
            (1) In general.--The Council shall create, publish, and 
        maintain a resource guide designed to assist States and other 
        rural communities in developing and implementing rural smart 
        community programs.
            (2) Inclusions.--A resource guide under paragraph (1) may 
        include--
                    (A) a compilation of existing related Federal and 
                non-Federal programs available to rural communities, 
                including technical assistance, education, training, 
                research and development, analysis, and funding;
                    (B) available examples of local rural communities 
                engaging private sector entities to implement smart 
                community solutions, including public-private 
                partnership models that could be used to leverage 
                private sector funding to solve similar local 
                challenges;
                    (C) available examples of proven methods for local 
                rural communities to facilitate integration of smart 
                technologies with new and existing infrastructure and 
                systems;
                    (D) best practices and lessons learned from 
                demonstration projects, including return on investment 
                and performance information to help other rural 
                communities decide how to initiate integration of smart 
                technologies; and
                    (E) such other topics as are requested by industry 
                entities or local governments or determined to be 
                necessary by the Council.
            (3) Utilization of existing guides.--In creating, 
        publishing, and maintaining the guide under paragraph (1), the 
        Council shall consider Federal, State, and local guides already 
        published relating to smart community goals, activities, and 
        best practices--
                    (A) to prevent duplication of efforts by the 
                Federal Government; and
                    (B) to leverage existing complementary efforts.
            (4) Resource guide outreach.--The Council shall conduct 
        outreach to States, counties, communities, and other relevant 
        entities--
                    (A) to provide interested stakeholders with the 
                guide published under paragraph (1);
                    (B) to promote the consideration of smart community 
                technologies and encourage States and local governments 
                to contribute rural smart community program and 
                activity information to the guide published under 
                paragraph (1);
                    (C) to identify--
                            (i) barriers to rural smart community 
                        technology adoption; and
                            (ii) any research, development, and 
                        assistance that is needed that could be 
                        included in the guide published under paragraph 
                        (1);
                    (D) to respond to requests for assistance, advice, 
                or consultation from rural communities; and
                    (E) for other purposes, as identified by the 
                Council.
            (5) Subsequent resource guides.--The Council shall issue an 
        update to the guide published under paragraph (1) every 5 
        years.
    (l) Rural Broadband Integration Working Group.--
            (1) Findings.--Congress makes the following findings:
                    (A) Access to high-speed broadband is no longer a 
                luxury and is important for United States families, 
                businesses, and consumers.
                    (B) Affordable, reliable access to high-speed 
                broadband is critical to United States economic growth 
                and competitiveness.
                    (C) High-speed broadband enables the people of the 
                United States to use the Internet in new ways, expands 
                access to health services and education, increases the 
                productivity of businesses, and drives innovation 
                throughout the digital ecosystem.
                    (D) The private sector and Federal, State, and 
                local governments have made substantial investments to 
                expand broadband access in the United States, but more 
                must be done to improve the availability and quality of 
                high-speed broadband, particularly in areas lacking 
                competitive choices.
                    (E) Today, more than 50,000,000 people of the 
                United States cannot purchase a wired broadband 
                connection at speeds for adequate broadband service, 
                and only 29 percent of people of the United States can 
                choose from more than 1 service provider at that speed.
                    (F) As a result of the statistics described in 
                subparagraph (E), the costs, benefits, and availability 
                of high-speed broadband Internet are not evenly 
                distributed, with considerable variation among States 
                and between urban and rural areas.
                    (G) The Federal Government has an important role to 
                play in developing coordinated policies to promote 
                broadband deployment and adoption, including promoting 
                best practices, breaking down regulatory barriers, and 
                encouraging further investment, which will help deliver 
                higher quality, lower cost broadband to more families, 
                businesses, and communities and allow communities to 
                benefit fully from those investments.
            (2) Policy.--
                    (A) In general.--It is the policy of the Federal 
                Government for executive departments and agencies 
                having statutory authorities applicable to broadband 
                deployment (referred to in this subsection as the 
                ``agencies'') to use all available and appropriate 
                authorities--
                            (i) to identify and address regulatory 
                        barriers that may unduly impede either wired 
                        broadband deployment or the infrastructure to 
                        augment wireless broadband deployment;
                            (ii) to encourage further investment in 
                        broadband networks and services;
                            (iii) to promote the adoption and 
                        meaningful use of broadband technology; and
                            (iv) to otherwise encourage or support 
                        broadband deployment, competition, and adoption 
                        in ways that promote the public interest.
                    (B) Priorities.--In carrying out the policy under 
                subparagraph (A), the agencies shall focus on--
                            (i) opportunities to promote broadband 
                        adoption and competition through incentives to 
                        new entrants in the market for broadband 
                        services;
                            (ii) modernizing regulations;
                            (iii) accurately measuring real-time 
                        broadband availability and speeds;
                            (iv) increasing broadband access for 
                        underserved communities, including in rural 
                        areas;
                            (v) exploring opportunities to reduce costs 
                        for potential low-income users; and
                            (vi) other possible measures, including 
                        supporting State, local, and Tribal governments 
                        interested in encouraging or investing in high-
                        speed broadband networks.
                    (C) Effect.--In carrying out the policy under 
                subparagraph (A), the agencies shall ensure that 
                existing and planned Federal, State, local, and Tribal 
                government missions and capabilities for delivering 
                services to the public, including those missions and 
                capabilities relating to national security, public 
                safety, and emergency response, are maintained.
                    (D) Coordination.--The agencies shall coordinate 
                the policy under subparagraph (A) through the Rural 
                Broadband Integration Working Group established under 
                paragraph (3).
            (3) Establishment of rural broadband integration working 
        group.--
                    (A) In general.--There is established the Rural 
                Broadband Integration Working Group (referred to in 
                this subsection as the ``Working Group'').
                    (B) Membership.--The membership of the Working 
                Group shall be composed of the heads, or their 
                designees, of--
                            (i) the Department of Agriculture;
                            (ii) the Department of Commerce;
                            (iii) the Department of Defense;
                            (iv) the Department of State;
                            (v) the Department of the Interior;
                            (vi) the Department of Labor;
                            (vii) the Department of Health and Human 
                        Services;
                            (viii) the Department of Homeland Security;
                            (ix) the Department of Housing and Urban 
                        Development;
                            (x) the Department of Justice;
                            (xi) the Department of Transportation;
                            (xii) the Department of the Treasury;
                            (xiii) the Department of Energy;
                            (xiv) the Department of Education;
                            (xv) the Department of Veterans Affairs;
                            (xvi) the Environmental Protection Agency;
                            (xvii) the General Services Administration;
                            (xviii) the Small Business Administration;
                            (xix) the Institute of Museum and Library 
                        Services;
                            (xx) the National Science Foundation;
                            (xxi) the Council on Environmental Quality;
                            (xxii) the Office of Science and Technology 
                        Policy;
                            (xxiii) the Office of Management and 
                        Budget;
                            (xxiv) the Council of Economic Advisers;
                            (xxv) the Domestic Policy Council;
                            (xxvi) the National Economic Council; and
                            (xxvii) such other Federal agencies or 
                        entities as are determined appropriate in 
                        accordance with subparagraph (E).
                    (C) Co-chairs.--The Secretary and the Secretary of 
                Commerce shall serve as the Co-Chairs of the Working 
                Group.
                    (D) Consultation; coordination.--
                            (i) Consultation.--The Working Group shall 
                        consult, as appropriate, with other relevant 
                        agencies, including the Federal Communications 
                        Commission.
                            (ii) Coordination.--The Working Group shall 
                        coordinate with existing Federal working groups 
                        and committees involved with broadband.
                    (E) Membership changes.--
                            (i) In general.--The Director of the 
                        National Economic Council and the Director of 
                        the Office of Science and Technology Policy 
                        shall review, on a periodic basis, the 
                        membership of the Working Group to ensure that 
                        the Working Group--
                                    (I) includes necessary Federal 
                                Government entities; and
                                    (II) is an effective mechanism for 
                                coordinating among agencies on the 
                                policy described in paragraph (2).
                            (ii) Changes.--The Director of the National 
                        Economic Council and the Director of the Office 
                        of Science and Technology Policy may add or 
                        remove members of the Council, as appropriate, 
                        based on the review under clause (i).
            (4) Functions of the working group.--
                    (A) Consultation.--As permitted by law, the members 
                of the Working Group shall consult with State, local, 
                Tribal, and territorial governments, telecommunications 
                companies, utilities, trade associations, philanthropic 
                entities, policy experts, and other interested parties 
                to identify and assess regulatory barriers described in 
                paragraphs (1)(G) and (2)(A)(i) and opportunities 
                described in clauses (i) and (v) of paragraph (2)(B) to 
                determine possible actions relating to those barriers 
                and opportunities.
                    (B) Point of contact.--Not later than 15 days after 
                the date of enactment of this Act, each member of the 
                Working Group shall--
                            (i) designate a representative to serve as 
                        the main point of contact for matters relating 
                        to the Working Group; and
                            (ii) notify the Co-Chairs of the Working 
                        Group of that designee.
                    (C) Survey.--
                            (i) In general.--In Not later than 60 days 
                        after the date of enactment of this Act, the 
                        members of the Working Group shall submit to 
                        the Working Group a comprehensive survey of--
                                    (I) Federal programs, including the 
                                allocated funding amounts, that 
                                currently support or could reasonably 
                                be modified to support broadband 
                                deployment and adoption; and
                                    (II) all agency-specific policies 
                                and rules with the direct or indirect 
                                effect of facilitating or regulating 
                                investment in or deployment of wired 
                                and wireless broadband networks.
                    (D) List of actions.--Not later than 120 days after 
                the date of enactment of this Act, the members of the 
                Working Group shall submit to the Working Group an 
                initial list of actions that each of the agencies could 
                take to identify and address regulatory barriers, 
                incentivize investment, promote best practices, align 
                funding decisions, and otherwise support wired 
                broadband deployment and adoption.
                    (E) Report.--
                            (i) In general.--Not later than 150 days 
                        after the date of enactment of this Act, after 
                        not fewer than 2 meetings of the full Working 
                        Group, the Working Group shall submit to the 
                        President, acting through the Director of the 
                        National Economic Council, a coordinated, 
                        agreed-to, and prioritized list of 
                        recommendations of the Working Group on actions 
                        that agencies can take to support broadband 
                        deployment and adoption.
                            (ii) Inclusions.--The recommendations under 
                        clause (i) shall include--
                                    (I) a list of priority actions and 
                                rulemakings; and
                                    (II) timelines to complete the 
                                priority actions and rulemakings under 
                                subclause (I).
    (m) General Provisions.--
            (1) Effect.--Nothing in this section--
                    (A) impairs or otherwise affects--
                            (i) the authority granted by law to a 
                        department or agency, or the head thereof;
                            (ii) the functions of the Director of the 
                        Office of Management and Budget relating to 
                        budgetary, administrative, or legislative 
                        proposals; or
                            (iii) the authority of the Federal 
                        Communications Commission concerning spectrum 
                        allocation decisions;
                    (B) requires the disclosure of classified 
                information, law enforcement sensitive information, or 
                other information that shall be protected in the 
                interests of national security; or
                    (C) creates any right or benefit, substantive or 
                procedural, enforceable at law or in equity by any 
                party against the United States, any Federal 
                department, agency, or entity, any officer, employee, 
                or agent, of the United States, or any other person.
            (2) Implementation.--This section shall be implemented 
        consistent with applicable law and subject to the availability 
        of appropriations.

          TITLE VII--RESEARCH, EXTENSION, AND RELATED MATTERS

  Subtitle A--National Agricultural Research, Extension, and Teaching 
                           Policy Act of 1977

SEC. 7101. PURPOSES OF AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH, EXTENSION, AND EDUCATION.

    Section 1402 of the National Agricultural Research, Extension, and 
Teaching Policy Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 3101) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (7), by striking ``and'' after the 
        semicolon;
            (2) in paragraph (8), by striking the period at the end and 
        inserting ``; and''; and
            (3) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(9) support international collaboration that leverages 
        resources and advances priority food and agricultural interests 
        of the United States, such as--
                    ``(A) addressing emerging plant and animal 
                diseases;
                    ``(B) improving crop varieties and animal breeds; 
                and
                    ``(C) developing safe, efficient, and nutritious 
                food systems.''.

SEC. 7102. MATTERS RELATING TO CERTAIN SCHOOL DESIGNATIONS AND 
              DECLARATIONS.

    (a) Study of Food and Agricultural Sciences.--Section 1404(14) of 
the National Agricultural Research, Extension, and Teaching Policy Act 
of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 3103(14)) is amended--
            (1) by striking subparagraph (A) and inserting the 
        following:
                    ``(A) In general.--
                            ``(i) Definition.--The terms `NLGCA 
                        Institution' and `non-land-grant college of 
                        agriculture' mean a public college or 
                        university offering a baccalaureate or higher 
                        degree in the study of agricultural sciences, 
                        forestry, or both in any area of study 
                        described in clause (ii).
                            ``(ii) Clarification.--An area of study 
                        referred to in clause (i) may include any of 
                        the following:
                                    ``(I) Agriculture.
                                    ``(II) Agricultural business and 
                                management.
                                    ``(III) Agricultural economics.
                                    ``(IV) Agricultural mechanization.
                                    ``(V) Agricultural production 
                                operations.
                                    ``(VI) Aquaculture.
                                    ``(VII) Agricultural and food 
                                products processing.
                                    ``(VIII) Agricultural and domestic 
                                animal services.
                                    ``(IX) Equestrian or equine 
                                studies.
                                    ``(X) Applied horticulture or 
                                horticulture operations.
                                    ``(XI) Ornamental horticulture.
                                    ``(XII) Greenhouse operations and 
                                management.
                                    ``(XIII) Turf and turfgrass 
                                management.
                                    ``(XIV) Plant nursery operations 
                                and management.
                                    ``(XV) Floriculture or floristry 
                                operations and management.
                                    ``(XVI) International agriculture.
                                    ``(XVII) Agricultural public 
                                services.
                                    ``(XVIII) Agricultural and 
                                extension education services.
                                    ``(XIX) Agricultural communication 
                                or agricultural journalism.
                                    ``(XX) Animal sciences.
                                    ``(XXI) Food science.
                                    ``(XXII) Plant sciences.
                                    ``(XXIII) Soil sciences.
                                    ``(XXIV) Forestry.
                                    ``(XXV) Forest sciences and 
                                biology.
                                    ``(XXVI) Natural resources or 
                                conservation.
                                    ``(XXVII) Natural resources 
                                management and policy.
                                    ``(XXVIII) Natural resource 
                                economics.
                                    ``(XXIX) Urban forestry.
                                    ``(XXX) Wood science and wood 
                                products or pulp or paper technology.
                                    ``(XXXI) Range science and 
                                management.
                                    ``(XXXII) Agricultural engineering.
                                    ``(XXXIII) Any other area, as 
                                determined appropriate by the 
                                Secretary.''; and
            (2) in subparagraph (C)--
                    (A) in the matter preceding clause (i), by 
                inserting ``any institution designated under'' after 
                ``include'';
                    (B) by striking clause (i); and
                    (C) in clause (ii)--
                            (i) by striking ``(ii) any institution 
                        designated under--'';
                            (ii) by striking subclause (IV);
                            (iii) in subclause (II), by adding ``or'' 
                        at the end;
                            (iv) in subclause (III), by striking ``; 
                        or'' at the end and inserting a period; and
                            (v) by redesignating subclauses (I), (II), 
                        and (III) as clauses (i), (ii), and (iii), 
                        respectively, and indenting appropriately.
    (b) Designation Review.--
            (1) In general.--Not later than 90 days after the date of 
        enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall establish a process 
        to review each designated NLGCA Institution (as defined in 
        section 1404(14)(A) of the National Agricultural Research, 
        Extension, and Teaching Policy Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 
        3103(14)(A))) to ensure compliance with that section (as 
        amended by subsection (a)).
            (2) Violation.--If the Secretary determines under paragraph 
        (1) that an NLGCA Institution is not in compliance with section 
        1404(14)(A) of the National Agricultural Research, Extension, 
        and Teaching Policy Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 3103(14)(A)) (as 
        amended by subsection (a)), the designation of that NLGCA 
        Institution shall be revoked.

SEC. 7103. NATIONAL AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH, EXTENSION, EDUCATION, AND 
              ECONOMICS ADVISORY BOARD.

    Section 1408(h) of the National Agricultural Research, Extension, 
and Teaching Policy Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 3123(h)) is amended by 
striking ``2018'' and inserting ``2023''.

SEC. 7104. CITRUS DISEASE SUBCOMMITTEE OF SPECIALTY CROP COMMITTEE.

    Section 1408A(a)(2)(D) of the National Agricultural Research, 
Extension, and Teaching Policy Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 3123a(a)(2)(D)) is 
amended by striking ``2018'' and inserting ``2023''.

SEC. 7105. VETERINARY SERVICES GRANT PROGRAM.

    Section 1415B of the National Agricultural Research, Extension, and 
Teaching Policy Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 3151b) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (c)(2)--
                    (A) by striking ``to qualified'' and inserting the 
                following: ``to--
                    ``(A) qualified'';
                    (B) in subparagraph (A) (as so designated), by 
                striking the period at the end and inserting ``; and''; 
                and
                    (C) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(B) qualified entities for the purpose of 
                exposing students in grades 11 and 12 to education and 
                career opportunities in food animal medicine.''; and
            (2) in subsection (h)--
                    (A) by striking the subsection designation and 
                heading and inserting the following:
    ``(h) Funding.--
            ``(1) Authorization of appropriations.--'';
                    (B) in paragraph (1) (as so designated), by 
                striking ``for fiscal year 2014 and each fiscal year 
                thereafter'' and inserting ``for each of fiscal years 
                2014 through 2023''; and
                    (C) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(2) Priority.--The Secretary shall award not less than 
        \2/3\ of amounts made available for grants under this section 
        to qualified entities with a focus on food animal medicine.''.

SEC. 7106. GRANTS AND FELLOWSHIPS FOR FOOD AND AGRICULTURE SCIENCES 
              EDUCATION.

    Section 1417(m)(2) of the National Agricultural Research, 
Extension, and Teaching Policy Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 3152(m)(2)) is 
amended by striking ``2018'' and inserting ``2023''.

SEC. 7107. RESEARCH EQUIPMENT GRANTS.

    The National Agricultural Research, Extension, and Teaching Policy 
Act of 1977 is amended by inserting after section 1418 (7 U.S.C. 3153) 
the following:

``SEC. 1419. RESEARCH EQUIPMENT GRANTS.

    ``(a) Definition of Eligible Institution.--In this section, the 
term `eligible institution' means--
            ``(1) an institution of higher education (as defined in 
        section 101(a) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 
        1001(a))); or
            ``(2) a State cooperative institution.
    ``(b) Grants.--The Secretary may award competitive grants to 
eligible institutions for the acquisition of special purpose scientific 
research equipment for use in the food and agricultural sciences 
programs of those institutions.
    ``(c) Maximum Amount.--The amount of a grant under subsection (b) 
shall not exceed $500,000.
    ``(d) Prohibition on Charge of Indirect Costs.--The cost of the 
acquisition or depreciation of equipment purchased with a grant under 
this section shall not be--
            ``(1) charged as an indirect cost against another Federal 
        grant; or
            ``(2) included as part of the indirect cost pool for 
        purposes of calculating the indirect cost rate of an eligible 
        institution.
    ``(e) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be 
appropriated to carry out this section $5,000,000 for each of fiscal 
years 2019 through 2023.''.

SEC. 7108. AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD POLICY RESEARCH CENTERS.

    Section 1419A(e) of the National Agricultural Research, Extension, 
and Teaching Policy Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 3155(e)) is amended by 
striking ``2018'' and inserting ``2023''.

SEC. 7109. EDUCATION GRANTS TO ALASKA NATIVE SERVING INSTITUTIONS AND 
              NATIVE HAWAIIAN SERVING INSTITUTIONS.

    Section 1419B of the National Agricultural Research, Extension, and 
Teaching Policy Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 3156) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a)(3), by striking ``2018'' and 
        inserting ``2023''; and
            (2) in subsection (b)(3), by striking ``2018'' and 
        inserting ``2023''.

SEC. 7110. NEXT GENERATION AGRICULTURE TECHNOLOGY CHALLENGE.

    Subtitle C of the National Agricultural Research, Extension, and 
Teaching Policy Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 3151 et seq.) is amended by 
adding at the end the following:

``SEC. 1419C. NEXT GENERATION AGRICULTURE TECHNOLOGY CHALLENGE.

    ``(a) In General.--The Secretary shall establish a next generation 
agriculture technology challenge competition to provide an incentive 
for the development of innovative mobile technology that removes 
barriers to entry in the marketplace for beginning farmers and ranchers 
(as defined in section 2501(a) of the Food, Agriculture, Conservation, 
and Trade Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 2279(a))).
    ``(b) Amount.--The Secretary may award not more than $1,000,000 in 
the aggregate to 1 or more winners of the competition under subsection 
(a).''.

SEC. 7111. NUTRITION EDUCATION PROGRAM.

    Section 1425(f) of the National Agricultural Research, Extension, 
and Teaching Policy Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 3175(f)) is amended by 
striking ``2018'' and inserting ``2023''.

SEC. 7112. AUTHORIZATION FOR APPROPRIATIONS FOR FEDERAL AGRICULTURAL 
              RESEARCH FACILITIES.

    Section 1431 of the National Agricultural Research, Extension, and 
Teaching Policy Act Amendments of 1985 (Public Law 99-198; 99 Stat. 
1556; 128 Stat. 900) is amended by striking ``2018'' and inserting 
``2023''.

SEC. 7113. CONTINUING ANIMAL HEALTH AND DISEASE RESEARCH PROGRAMS.

    Section 1433(c)(1) of the National Agricultural Research, 
Extension, and Teaching Policy Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 3195(c)(1)) is 
amended by striking ``2018'' and inserting ``2023''.

SEC. 7114. EXTENSION AT 1890 LAND-GRANT COLLEGES, INCLUDING TUSKEGEE 
              UNIVERSITY; REPORT.

    Section 1444 of the National Agricultural Research, Extension, and 
Teaching Policy Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 3221) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a), by striking paragraph (4); and
            (2) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(g) Report.--The Secretary shall annually submit to Congress a 
report describing the allocations made to, and matching funds received 
by--
            ``(1) eligible institutions under this section; and
            ``(2) institutions designated under the Act of July 2, 1862 
        (commonly known as the `First Morrill Act') (12 Stat. 503, 
        chapter 130; 7 U.S.C. 301 et seq.).''.

SEC. 7115. REPORT ON AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH AT 1890 LAND-GRANT COLLEGES, 
              INCLUDING TUSKEGEE UNIVERSITY.

    Section 1445 of the National Agricultural Research, Extension, and 
Teaching Policy Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 3222) is amended by adding at the 
end the following:
    ``(i) Report.--The Secretary shall annually submit to Congress a 
report describing the allocations made to, and matching funds received 
by--
            ``(1) eligible institutions under this section; and
            ``(2) institutions designated under the Act of July 2, 1862 
        (commonly known as the `First Morrill Act') (12 Stat. 503, 
        chapter 130; 7 U.S.C. 301 et seq.).''.

SEC. 7116. GRANTS TO UPGRADE AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD SCIENCES FACILITIES 
              AT 1890 LAND-GRANT COLLEGES, INCLUDING TUSKEGEE 
              UNIVERSITY.

    Section 1447(b) of the National Agricultural Research, Extension, 
and Teaching Policy Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 3222b(b)) is amended by 
striking ``2018'' and inserting ``2023''.

SEC. 7117. GRANTS TO UPGRADE AGRICULTURE AND FOOD SCIENCES FACILITIES 
              AND EQUIPMENT AT INSULAR AREA LAND-GRANT INSTITUTIONS.

    Section 1447B(d) of the National Agricultural Research, Extension, 
and Teaching Policy Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 3222b-2(d)) is amended by 
striking ``2018'' and inserting ``2023''.

SEC. 7118. NEW BEGINNING FOR TRIBAL STUDENTS.

    Subtitle G of the National Agricultural Research, Extension, and 
Teaching Policy Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 3221 et seq.) is amended by 
adding at the end the following:

``SEC. 1450. NEW BEGINNING FOR TRIBAL STUDENTS.

    ``(a) Definition of Tribal Student.--In this section, the term 
`Tribal student' means a student at a land-grant college or university 
that is a member of an Indian tribe (as defined in section 4 of the 
Indian Self-Determination and Education Assistance Act (25 U.S.C. 
5304)).
    ``(b) New Beginning Initiative.--
            ``(1) Authorization.--The Secretary may make competitive 
        grants to land-grant colleges and universities to provide 
        identifiable support specifically targeted for Tribal students.
            ``(2) Application.--A land-grant college or university that 
        desires to receive a grant under this section shall submit an 
        application to the Secretary at such time, in such manner, and 
        accompanied by such information as the Secretary may require.
            ``(3) Use of funds.--A land-grant college or university 
        that receives a grant under this section shall use the grant 
        funds to support Tribal students through--
                    ``(A) recruiting;
                    ``(B) tuition and related fees;
                    ``(C) experiential learning; and
                    ``(D) student services, including--
                            ``(i) tutoring;
                            ``(ii) counseling;
                            ``(iii) academic advising; and
                            ``(iv) other student services that would 
                        increase the retention and graduation rate of 
                        Tribal students enrolled at the land-grant 
                        college or university, as determined by the 
                        Secretary.
            ``(4) Matching funds.--A land-grant college or university 
        that receives a grant under this section shall provide matching 
        funds toward the cost of carrying out the activities described 
        in this section in an amount equal to not less than 100 percent 
        of the grant award.
            ``(5) Maximum amount per state.--No State shall receive, 
        through grants made under this section to land-grant colleges 
        and universities located in the State, more than $500,000 per 
        year.
    ``(c) Report.--Not later than 3 years after the date of enactment 
of this section, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on 
Agriculture of the House of Representatives and the Committee on 
Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry and the Committee on Indian 
Affairs of the Senate a report that includes an itemized list of grant 
funds distributed under this section, including the specific form of 
assistance, and the number of Tribal students assisted and the 
graduation rate of Tribal students at land-grant colleges and 
universities receiving grants under this section.
    ``(d) Authorization of Appropriation.--There is authorized to be 
appropriated to carry out this section $5,000,000 for each of fiscal 
years 2019 through 2023.''.

SEC. 7119. HISPANIC-SERVING INSTITUTIONS.

    Section 1455(c) of the National Agricultural Research, Extension, 
and Teaching Policy Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 3241(c)) is amended by 
striking ``2018'' and inserting ``2023''.

SEC. 7120. BINATIONAL AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT.

    Section 1458(e) of the National Agricultural Research, Extension, 
and Teaching Policy Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 3291(e)) is amended--
            (1) in the subsection heading, by striking ``Full Payment 
        of Funds Made Available for Certain'' and inserting ``Certain'' 
        ;
            (2) by striking ``Notwithstanding'' and inserting the 
        following:
            ``(1) Full payment of funds.--Notwithstanding'';
            (3) in paragraph (1) (as so designated)--
                    (A) by striking ``Israel-United States'' and 
                inserting ``United States-Israel''; and
                    (B) by inserting ``(referred to in this subsection 
                as the `BARD Fund')'' after ``Development Fund''; and
            (4) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(2) Activities.--Activities under the BARD Fund to 
        promote and support agricultural research and development that 
        are of mutual benefit to the United States and Israel shall--
                    ``(A) be carried out by the Secretary in a manner 
                consistent with this section;
                    ``(B) accelerate the demonstration, development, 
                and application of agricultural solutions resulting 
                from or relating to BARD Fund programs, including BARD 
                Fund-sponsored research and innovations in drip 
                irrigation, pesticides, aquaculture, livestock, 
                poultry, disease control, and farm equipment; and
                    ``(C) encourage research carried out by 
                governmental, nongovernmental, and private entities, 
                including through collaboration with colleges and 
                universities, research institutions, and the private 
                sector.''.

SEC. 7121. PARTNERSHIPS TO BUILD CAPACITY IN INTERNATIONAL AGRICULTURAL 
              RESEARCH, EXTENSION, AND TEACHING.

    The National Agricultural Research, Extension, and Teaching Policy 
Act of 1977 is amended by inserting after section 1458 (7 U.S.C. 3291) 
the following:

``SEC. 1458A. PARTNERSHIPS TO BUILD CAPACITY IN INTERNATIONAL 
              AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH, EXTENSION, AND TEACHING.

    ``(a) Purpose.--The purpose of this section is to build the 
capacity, and improve the performance, of covered Institutions and 
agricultural higher education institutions in lower and middle income 
countries performing, or desiring to perform, activities substantially 
similar to agricultural research, extension, and teaching activities 
(referred to in this section as `agricultural higher education 
institutions in developing countries') in order to solve food, health, 
nutrition, rural income, and environmental challenges, especially among 
chronically food insecure populations, including by--
            ``(1) promoting partnerships between covered Institutions 
        and agricultural higher education institutions in developing 
        countries; and
            ``(2) leveraging the capacity of covered Institutions to 
        partner with agricultural higher education institutions in 
        developing countries.
    ``(b) Definitions.--In this section:
            ``(1) 1862 institution; 1890 institution; 1994 
        institution.--The terms `1862 Institution', `1890 Institution', 
        and `1994 Institution' have the meanings given the terms in 
        section 2 of the Agricultural Research, Extension, and 
        Education Reform Act of 1998 (7 U.S.C. 7601).
            ``(2) Covered institution.--The term `covered Institution' 
        means--
                    ``(A) an 1862 Institution;
                    ``(B) an 1890 Institution;
                    ``(C) a 1994 Institution;
                    ``(D) an NLGCA Institution;
                    ``(E) an Hispanic-serving agricultural college or 
                university; and
                    ``(F) a cooperating forestry school.
    ``(c) Authority of the Secretary.--To carry out the purpose of this 
section, the Secretary may promote cooperation and coordination between 
covered Institutions and agricultural higher education institutions in 
developing countries through--
            ``(1) improving extension by--
                    ``(A) encouraging the exchange of research 
                materials and results between covered Institutions and 
                agricultural higher education institutions in 
                developing countries;
                    ``(B) facilitating the broad dissemination of 
                agricultural research through extension; and
                    ``(C) assisting with efforts to plan and initiate 
                extension services in lower and middle income 
                countries;
            ``(2) improving agricultural research by--
                    ``(A) in partnership with agricultural higher 
                education institutions in developing countries, 
                encouraging research that addresses problems affecting 
                food production and security, human nutrition, 
                agriculture, forestry, livestock, and fisheries, 
                including local challenges; and
                    ``(B) supporting and strengthening national 
                agricultural research systems in lower and middle 
                income countries;
            ``(3) supporting the participation of covered Institutions 
        in programs of international organizations, such as the United 
        Nations, the World Bank, regional development banks, and 
        international agricultural research centers;
            ``(4) improving agricultural teaching and education by--
                    ``(A) in partnership with agricultural higher 
                education institutions in developing countries, 
                supporting education and teaching relating to food and 
                agricultural sciences, including technical assistance, 
                degree training, research collaborations, classroom 
                instruction, workforce training, and education 
                programs; and
                    ``(B) assisting with efforts to increase student 
                capacity, including to encourage equitable access for 
                women and other underserved populations, at 
                agricultural higher education institutions in 
                developing countries by promoting partnerships with, 
                and improving the capacity of, covered Institutions;
            ``(5) assisting covered Institutions in strengthening their 
        capacity for food, agricultural, and related research, 
        extension, and teaching programs relevant to agricultural 
        development activities in lower and middle income countries to 
        promote the application of new technology to improve education 
        delivery;
            ``(6) providing support for the internationalization of 
        resident instruction programs of covered Institutions;
            ``(7) establishing a program, to be coordinated by the 
        Director of the National Institute of Food and Agriculture and 
        the Administrator of the Foreign Agricultural Service, to place 
        interns from covered Institutions in, or in service to benefit, 
        lower and middle income countries; and
            ``(8) establishing a program to provide fellowships to 
        students at covered Institutions to study at foreign 
        agricultural colleges and universities.
    ``(d) Enhancing Linkages.--The Secretary shall enhance the linkages 
among covered Institutions, the Federal Government, international 
research centers, counterpart research, extension, and teaching 
agencies and institutions in developed countries and developing 
countries--
            ``(1) to carry out the purpose described in subsection (a); 
        and
            ``(2) to make a substantial contribution to the cause of 
        improved food and agricultural progress throughout the world.
    ``(e) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be 
appropriated to carry out this section $10,000,000 for each of fiscal 
years 2019 through 2023.''.

SEC. 7122. COMPETITIVE GRANTS FOR INTERNATIONAL AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE 
              AND EDUCATION PROGRAMS.

    Section 1459A(c)(2) of the National Agricultural Research, 
Extension, and Teaching Policy Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 3292b(c)(2)) is 
amended by striking ``2018'' and inserting ``2023''.

SEC. 7123. UNIVERSITY RESEARCH.

    Section 1463 of the National Agricultural Research, Extension, and 
Teaching Policy Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 3311) is amended by striking 
``2018'' each place it appears in subsections (a) and (b) and inserting 
``2023''.

SEC. 7124. EXTENSION SERVICE.

    Section 1464 of the National Agricultural Research, Extension, and 
Teaching Policy Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 3312) is amended by striking 
``2018'' and inserting ``2023''.

SEC. 7125. SUPPLEMENTAL AND ALTERNATIVE CROPS; HEMP.

    Section 1473D of the National Agricultural Research, Extension, and 
Teaching Policy Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 3319d) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a)--
                    (A) by striking ``2018'' and inserting ``2023''; 
                and
                    (B) by striking ``crops,'' and inserting ``crops 
                (including canola),'';
            (2) in subsection (b)--
                    (A) by inserting ``for agronomic rotational 
                purposes and as a habitat for honey bees and other 
                pollinators'' after ``alternative crops''; and
                    (B) by striking ``commodities whose'' and all that 
                follows through the period at the end and inserting 
                ``commodities.'';
            (3) in subsection (c)(3)(E), by inserting ``(including hemp 
        (as defined in section 297A of the Agricultural Marketing Act 
        of 1946))'' after ``material''; and
            (4) in subsection (e)(2), by striking ``2018'' and 
        inserting ``2023''.

SEC. 7126. NEW ERA RURAL TECHNOLOGY PROGRAM.

    Section 1473E of the National Agricultural Research, Extension, and 
Teaching Policy Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 3319e) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (b)(1)(B)--
                    (A) in clause (ii), by striking ``and'' at the end;
                    (B) in clause (iii), by striking the period at the 
                end and inserting ``; and''; and
                    (C) by adding at the end the following:
                            ``(iv) precision agriculture.''; and
            (2) in subsection (d), by striking ``2008 through 2012'' 
        and inserting ``2019 through 2023''.

SEC. 7127. CAPACITY BUILDING GRANTS FOR NLGCA INSTITUTIONS.

    Section 1473F(b) of the National Agricultural Research, Extension, 
and Teaching Policy Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 3319i(b)) is amended by 
striking ``2018'' and inserting ``2023''.

SEC. 7128. AGRICULTURE ADVANCED RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY 
              PILOT.

    Subtitle K of the National Agricultural Research, Extension, and 
Teaching Policy Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 3310 et seq.) is amended by 
adding at the end the following:

``SEC. 1473H. AGRICULTURE ADVANCED RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY 
              PILOT.

    ``(a) Purpose.--The purpose of this section is to promote advanced 
research and development through a pilot program targeting high-
priority research needs for qualified products and projects, 
agricultural technologies, and research tools.
    ``(b) Definitions.--In this section:
            ``(1) Advanced research and development.--The term 
        `advanced research and development' means research and 
        development activities used to overcome long-term and high-risk 
        research challenges in agriculture and food through--
                    ``(A) targeted acceleration of novel, early stage 
                innovative agricultural research with promising 
                technology applications and products; or
                    ``(B) development of qualified products and 
                projects, agricultural technologies, or innovative 
                research tools, which may include--
                            ``(i) prototype testing, preclinical 
                        development, or field experimental use;
                            ``(ii) assessing and assisting with product 
                        approval, clearance, or need for a license 
                        under--
                                    ``(I) the Animal Health Protection 
                                Act (7 U.S.C. 8301 et seq.);
                                    ``(II) the Plant Protection Act (7 
                                U.S.C. 7701 et seq.); or
                                    ``(III) other applicable law; or
                            ``(iii) manufacturing and commercialization 
                        of a product.
            ``(2) AGARDA.--The term `AGARDA' means the Agriculture 
        Advanced Research and Development Authority established by 
        subsection (c)(1).
            ``(3) Agricultural technology.--The term `agricultural 
        technology' means machinery and other equipment engineered for 
        an applicable and novel use in agriculture, natural resources, 
        and food relating to the research and development of qualified 
        products and projects.
            ``(4) Director.--The term `Director' means the Director of 
        the AGARDA.
            ``(5) Fund.--The term `Fund' means the Agriculture Advanced 
        Research and Development Fund established by subsection (e)(1).
            ``(6) Other transaction.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The term `other transaction' 
                means a transaction other than a procurement contract, 
                grant, or cooperative agreement.
                    ``(B) Inclusion.--The term `other transaction' 
                includes a transaction described in subsection 
                (c)(6)(A).
            ``(7) Person.--The term `person' means--
                    ``(A) an individual;
                    ``(B) a partnership;
                    ``(C) a corporation;
                    ``(D) an association;
                    ``(E) an entity;
                    ``(F) a public or private corporation;
                    ``(G) a Federal, State, or local government agency 
                or department; and
                    ``(H) an institution of higher education, including 
                a land-grant college or university and a non-land-grant 
                college of agriculture.
            ``(8) Qualified product or project.--The term `qualified 
        product or project' means advanced research and development 
        of--
                    ``(A) engineering, mechanization, or technology 
                improvements that will address challenges relating to 
                growing, harvesting, handling, processing, storing, 
                packing, and distribution of agricultural products;
                    ``(B) plant disease or plant pest recovery 
                countermeasures to intentional or unintentional 
                biological or natural threats, including--
                            ``(i) replacement or resistant plant 
                        cultivars or varieties;
                            ``(ii) other enhanced management 
                        strategies, including novel chemical, 
                        biological, or cultural approaches; or
                            ``(iii) diagnostic or surveillance 
                        technology; and
                    ``(C) veterinary countermeasures to intentional or 
                unintentional biological threats (including naturally 
                occurring threats), including--
                            ``(i) animal vaccine or therapeutic 
                        products (including anti-infective products); 
                        or
                            ``(ii) diagnostic or surveillance 
                        technology.
            ``(9) Research tool.--The term `research tool' means a 
        device, technology, procedure, biological material, reagent, 
        computer system, computer software, or analytical technique 
        that is developed to assist in the discovery, development, or 
        manufacture of a qualified product or project.
    ``(c) Agriculture Advanced Research and Development Authority.--
            ``(1) Establishment.--There is established within the 
        Department of Agriculture the Agriculture Advanced Research and 
        Development Authority to address long-term and high-risk 
        challenges in the development of--
                    ``(A) qualified products and projects;
                    ``(B) agricultural technologies; and
                    ``(C) research tools.
            ``(2) Goals.--The goals of the AGARDA are--
                    ``(A) to enhance the economic viability, security, 
                and sustainability of agriculture to ensure that the 
                United States is competitive and maintains a 
                technological lead globally;
                    ``(B) to develop and deploy advanced solutions to 
                prevent, prepare, and protect against unintentional and 
                intentional threats to agriculture and food in the 
                United States;
                    ``(C) to overcome the long-term and high-risk 
                technological barriers in the development of 
                agricultural technologies that enhance export 
                competitiveness, environmental sustainability, and 
                resilience to extreme weather; and
                    ``(D) to ensure that the United States maintains a 
                technological lead in developing and deploying advanced 
                agricultural technologies that increase economic 
                opportunities for farmers, ranchers, and rural 
                communities.
            ``(3) Leadership.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The AGARDA shall be a component 
                of the Office of the Chief Scientist.
                    ``(B) Director.--
                            ``(i) In general.--The AGARDA shall be 
                        headed by a Director, who shall be appointed by 
                        the Chief Scientist.
                            ``(ii) Qualifications.--The Director shall 
                        be an individual who, by reason of professional 
                        background and experience, is especially 
                        qualified to advise the Chief Scientist on, and 
                        manage research programs addressing, matters 
                        pertaining to--
                                    ``(I) advanced research and 
                                development;
                                    ``(II) qualified products and 
                                projects;
                                    ``(III) agricultural technologies;
                                    ``(IV) research tools; and
                                    ``(V) long-term and high-risk 
                                challenges relating to the matters 
                                described in subclauses (I) through 
                                (IV).
                            ``(iii) Relationship within the department 
                        of agriculture.--The Director shall report to 
                        the Chief Scientist.
            ``(4) Duties.--To achieve the goals described in paragraph 
        (2), the Secretary, acting through the Director, shall 
        accelerate advanced research and development by--
                    ``(A) identifying and promoting revolutionary 
                advances in fundamental sciences;
                    ``(B) translating scientific discoveries and 
                cutting-edge inventions into technological innovations;
                    ``(C) incubating and accelerating transformational 
                advances in areas in which industry by itself is not 
                likely to undertake advanced research and development 
                because of the high-risk technological or financial 
                uncertainty;
                    ``(D) collaborating with Federal agencies, relevant 
                industries, academia, international agencies, the 
                Foundation for Food and Agriculture Research, and other 
                persons to carry out the goals described in paragraph 
                (2), including convening, at a minimum, annual meetings 
                or working groups to demonstrate the operation and 
                effectiveness of advanced research and development of 
                qualified products and projects, agricultural 
                technologies, and research tools;
                    ``(E) conducting ongoing searches for, and support 
                calls for, potential advanced research and development 
                of agricultural technologies, qualified products and 
                projects, and research tools;
                    ``(F) awarding grants and entering into contracts, 
                cooperative agreements, or other transactions under 
                paragraph (6) for advanced research and development of 
                agricultural technology, qualified products and 
                projects, and research tools;
                    ``(G) establishing issue-based multidisciplinary 
                discovery teams to reduce the time and cost of solving 
                specific problems that--
                            ``(i) are composed of representatives from 
                        Federal and State agencies, professional 
                        groups, academia, and industry;
                            ``(ii) seek novel and effective solutions; 
                        and
                            ``(iii) encourage data sharing and 
                        translation of research to field use; and
                    ``(H) connecting interested persons with offices or 
                employees authorized by the Secretary to advise those 
                persons regarding requirements under relevant laws that 
                impact the development, commercialization, and 
                technology transfer of qualified products and projects, 
                agricultural technologies, and research tools.
            ``(5) Priority.--In awarding grants and entering into 
        contracts, cooperative agreements, or other transactions under 
        paragraph (4)(F), the Secretary shall give priority to projects 
        that accelerate the advanced research and development of--
                    ``(A) new technologies to address critical research 
                needs for specialty crops; and
                    ``(B) qualified products and projects that prevent, 
                protect, and prepare against intentional and 
                unintentional threats to agriculture and food.
            ``(6) Other transaction authorities.--
                    ``(A) In general.--In carrying out the pilot 
                program under this section, the Secretary shall have 
                the authority to enter into other transactions in the 
                same manner and subject to the same terms and 
                conditions as transactions that the Secretary of 
                Defense may enter into under section 2371 of title 10, 
                United States Code.
                    ``(B) Scope.--The authority of the Secretary to 
                enter into contracts, cooperative agreements, and other 
                transactions under this subsection shall be in addition 
                to the authorities under this Act and title I of the 
                Department of Agriculture and Related Agencies 
                Appropriation Act, 1964 (7 U.S.C. 3318a), to use 
                contracts, cooperative agreements, and grants in 
                carrying out the pilot program under this section.
                    ``(C) Guidelines.--The Secretary shall establish 
                guidelines regarding the use of the authority under 
                subparagraph (A).
                    ``(D) Technology transfer.--In entering into other 
                transactions, the Secretary may negotiate terms for 
                technology transfer in the same manner as a Federal 
                laboratory under paragraphs (1) through (4) of section 
                12(b) of the Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act 
                of 1980 (15 U.S.C. 3710a(b)).
            ``(7) Availability of data.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall require 
                that, as a condition of being awarded a contract or 
                grant or entering into a cooperative agreement or other 
                transaction under paragraph (4)(F), a person shall make 
                available to the Secretary on an ongoing basis, and 
                submit to the Secretary on request of the Secretary, 
                all data relating to or resulting from the activities 
                carried out by the person pursuant to this section.
                    ``(B) Exemption from disclosure.--
                            ``(i) In general.--This subparagraph shall 
                        be considered a statute described in section 
                        552(b)(3)(B) of title 5, United States Code.
                            ``(ii) Exemption.--The following 
                        information shall be exempt from disclosure and 
                        withheld from the public:
                                    ``(I) Specific technical data or 
                                scientific information that is created 
                                or obtained under this section that 
                                reveals significant and not otherwise 
                                publicly known vulnerabilities of 
                                existing agriculture and food defenses 
                                against biological, chemical, nuclear, 
                                or radiological threats.
                                    ``(II) Trade secrets or commercial 
                                or financial information that is 
                                privileged or confidential (within the 
                                meaning of section 552(b)(4) of title 
                                5, United States Code) and obtained in 
                                the conduct of research or as a result 
                                of activities under this section from a 
                                non-Federal party participating in a 
                                contract, grant, cooperative agreement, 
                                or other transaction under this 
                                section.
                            ``(iii) Review.--Information that results 
                        from research and development activities 
                        conducted under this section and that would be 
                        a trade secret or commercial or financial 
                        information that is privileged or confidential 
                        if the information had been obtained from a 
                        non-Federal party participating in a 
                        cooperative agreement or other transaction 
                        shall be withheld from disclosure under clause 
                        (ii) for 5 years.
            ``(8) Milestone-based payments allowed.--In awarding 
        contracts and grants and entering into cooperative agreements 
        or other transactions under paragraph (4)(F), the Secretary 
        may--
                    ``(A) use milestone-based awards and payments; and
                    ``(B) terminate a project for not meeting technical 
                milestones.
            ``(9) Use of existing personnel authorities.--In carrying 
        out this subsection, the Secretary may appoint highly qualified 
        individuals to scientific or professional positions on the same 
        terms and conditions as provided in section 620(b)(4) of the 
        Agricultural Research, Extension, and Education Reform Act of 
        1998 (7 U.S.C. 7657(b)(4)).
            ``(10) Report and evaluation.--
                    ``(A) Report.--The Secretary shall submit to the 
                Committee on Agriculture of the House of 
                Representatives and the Committee on Agriculture, 
                Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate an annual report 
                examining the actions undertaken and results generated 
                by the AGARDA.
                    ``(B) Evaluation.--After the date on which the 
                AGARDA has been in operation for 3 years, the 
                Comptroller General of the United States shall conduct 
                an evaluation--
                            ``(i) to be completed and submitted to the 
                        Committee on Agriculture of the House of 
                        Representatives and the Committee on 
                        Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the 
                        Senate not later than 1 year after the date on 
                        which the Comptroller General began conducting 
                        the evaluation;
                            ``(ii) describing the extent to which the 
                        AGARDA is achieving the goals described in 
                        paragraph (2); and
                            ``(iii) including a recommendation on 
                        whether the AGARDA should be continued, 
                        terminated, or expanded.
    ``(d) Strategic Plan.--
            ``(1) In general.--Not later than 360 days after the date 
        of enactment of this section, the Secretary shall develop and 
        make publically available a strategic plan describing the 
        strategic vision that the AGARDA shall use--
                    ``(A) to make determinations for future investments 
                during the period of effectiveness of this section; and
                    ``(B) to achieve the goals described in subsection 
                (c)(2).
            ``(2) Dissemination.--The Secretary shall carry out such 
        activities as the Secretary determines to be appropriate to 
        disseminate the information contained in the strategic plan 
        under paragraph (1) to persons who may have the capacity to 
        substantially contribute to the activities described in that 
        strategic plan.
            ``(3) Coordination; consultation.--The Secretary shall--
                    ``(A) update and coordinate the strategic 
                coordination plan under section 221(d)(7) of the 
                Department of Agriculture Reorganization Act of 1994 
                with the strategic plan developed under paragraph (1) 
                for activities relating to agriculture and food defense 
                countermeasure development and procurement; and
                    ``(B) in developing the strategic plan under 
                paragraph (1), consult with--
                            ``(i) the National Agricultural Research, 
                        Extension, Education, and Economics Advisory 
                        Board established under section 1408(a);
                            ``(ii) the specialty crops committee 
                        established under section 1408A(a)(1);
                            ``(iii) relevant agriculture research 
                        agencies of the Federal Government;
                            ``(iv) the National Academies of Sciences, 
                        Engineering, and Medicine;
                            ``(v) the National Veterinary Stockpile 
                        Intra-Government Advisory Committee for 
                        Strategic Steering; and
                            ``(vi) other appropriate parties, as 
                        determined by the Secretary.
    ``(e) Funds.--
            ``(1) Establishment.--There is established in the Treasury 
        the Agriculture Advanced Research and Development Fund, which 
        shall be administered by the Secretary, acting through the 
        Director--
                    ``(A) for the purpose of carrying out this section; 
                and
                    ``(B) in the same manner and subject to the same 
                terms and conditions as are applicable to the Secretary 
                of Defense under section 2371 of title 10, United 
                States Code.
            ``(2) Deposits into fund.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The Secretary, acting through 
                the Director, may accept and deposit into the Fund 
                monies received pursuant to cost recovery or 
                contribution under a contract, grant, cooperative 
                agreement, or other transaction under this section.
                    ``(B) Clarification.--Nothing in this paragraph 
                authorizes the use of the funds of the Commodity Credit 
                Corporation to carry out this section.
            ``(3) Funding.--In addition to funds otherwise deposited in 
        the Fund under paragraph (1) or (2), there is authorized to be 
        appropriated to the Fund $50,000,000 for each of fiscal years 
        2019 through 2023, to remain available until expended.
    ``(f) Termination of Effectiveness.--The authority provided by this 
section terminates effective September 30, 2023.''.

SEC. 7129. AQUACULTURE ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS.

    Section 1477(a)(2) of the National Agricultural Research, 
Extension, and Teaching Policy Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 3324(a)(2)) is 
amended by striking ``2018'' and inserting ``2023''.

SEC. 7130. REPEAL OF RANGELAND RESEARCH PROGRAMS.

    Subtitle M of the National Agricultural Research, Extension, and 
Teaching Policy Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 3331 et seq.) is repealed.

SEC. 7131. SPECIAL AUTHORIZATION FOR BIOSECURITY PLANNING AND RESPONSE.

    Section 1484(a)(2) of the National Agricultural Research, 
Extension, and Teaching Policy Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 3351(a)(2)) is 
amended by striking ``2018'' and inserting ``2023''.

SEC. 7132. DISTANCE EDUCATION AND RESIDENT INSTRUCTION GRANTS PROGRAM 
              FOR INSULAR AREA INSTITUTIONS OF HIGHER EDUCATION.

    (a) Distance Education Grants for Insular Areas.--Section 
1490(f)(2) of the National Agricultural Research, Extension, and 
Teaching Policy Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 3362(f)(2)) is amended by 
striking ``2018'' and inserting ``2023''.
    (b) Resident Instruction Grants for Insular Areas.--Section 
1491(c)(2) of the National Agricultural Research, Extension, and 
Teaching Policy Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 3363(c)(2)) is amended by 
striking ``2018'' and inserting ``2023''.

SEC. 7133. LIMITATION ON DESIGNATION OF ENTITIES ELIGIBLE TO RECEIVE 
              FUNDS UNDER A CAPACITY PROGRAM.

    Subtitle P of the National Agricultural Research, Extension, and 
Teaching Policy Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 3371 et seq.) is amended by 
adding at the end the following:

``SEC. 1493. LIMITATION ON DESIGNATION OF ENTITIES ELIGIBLE TO RECEIVE 
              FUNDS UNDER A CAPACITY PROGRAM.

    ``(a) Definition of Capacity Program.--In this section, the term 
`capacity program' means each of the following agricultural research, 
extension, education, and related programs:
            ``(1) The programs for which funds are made available under 
        subsections (b) and (c) of section 3 of the Smith-Lever Act (7 
        U.S.C. 343).
            ``(2) The program for which funds are made available under 
        the Hatch Act of 1887 (7 U.S.C. 361a et seq.).
            ``(3) The program for which funds are made available under 
        section 1444.
            ``(4) The program for which funds are made available under 
        section 1445.
            ``(5) The grant program authorized under section 1447.
            ``(6) The program for which funds are made available under 
        Public Law 87-788 (commonly known as the `McIntire-Stennis 
        Cooperative Forestry Act') (16 U.S.C. 582a et seq.).
            ``(7) Any other agricultural research, extension, or 
        education program relating to capacity and infrastructure, as 
        determined by the Secretary.
    ``(b) Limitation.--
            ``(1) In general.--Except as provided under paragraph (2), 
        and notwithstanding any other provision of law, no additional 
        entity designated after the date of enactment of this section 
        shall be eligible to receive funds under a capacity program.
            ``(2) Exceptions.--
                    ``(A) 1994 institutions.--Paragraph (1) shall not 
                apply in the case of a designation of a 1994 
                Institution under section 2 of Public Law 87-788 
                (commonly known as the ``McIntire-Stennis Cooperative 
                Forestry Act'') (16 U.S.C. 582a-1).
                    ``(B) Extraordinary circumstances.--In the case of 
                extraordinary circumstances or a situation that would 
                lead to an inequitable result, as determined by the 
                Secretary, the Secretary may determine that an entity 
                designated after the date of enactment of this section 
                is eligible to receive funds under a capacity program.
    ``(c) No Increase in State Funding.--No State shall receive an 
increase in the amount of capacity program funding as a result of the 
designation of additional entities as eligible to receive funds under a 
capacity program.''.

SEC. 7134. SCHOLARSHIP PROGRAM FOR STUDENTS ATTENDING 1890 
              INSTITUTIONS.

    (a) Findings.--Congress finds the following:
            (1) The Act of August 30, 1890 (commonly known as the 
        ``Second Morrill Act'') (26 Stat. 417, chapter 841; 7 U.S.C. 
        321 et seq.), brought about the establishment of the following 
        19 public, African-American land-grant colleges and 
        universities:
                    (A) Alabama A&M University.
                    (B) Alcorn State University.
                    (C) Central State University.
                    (D) Delaware State University.
                    (E) Florida A&M University.
                    (F) Fort Valley State University.
                    (G) Kentucky State University.
                    (H) Langston University.
                    (I) Lincoln University.
                    (J) North Carolina A&T State University.
                    (K) Prairie View A&M University.
                    (L) South Carolina State University.
                    (M) Southern University System.
                    (N) Tennessee State University.
                    (O) Tuskegee University.
                    (P) University of Arkansas Pine Bluff.
                    (Q) University of Maryland Eastern Shore.
                    (R) Virginia State University.
                    (S) West Virginia State University.
            (2) Funding for agricultural education, research, and 
        extension at the colleges and universities described in 
        paragraph (1) is authorized to be appropriated to the 
        Department of Agriculture with each farm bill, which is enacted 
        approximately every 5 years.
            (3) The Agricultural Act of 2014 (Public Law 113-79; 128 
        Stat. 649) authorizes the appropriation of Federal funds for 
        research, education, and extension activities at the colleges 
        and universities described in paragraph (1) and the 
        Agriculture, Rural Development, Food and Drug Administration, 
        and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2016 (Public Law 114-
        113; 129 Stat. 2245) appropriated $19,000,000 for education 
        grants for the colleges and universities described in paragraph 
        (1).
            (4) There is a great need to increase the number of young 
        African-Americans seeking careers in the food and agricultural 
        sciences (as defined in section 1404 of the National 
        Agricultural Research, Extension, and Teaching Policy Act of 
        1977 (7 U.S.C. 3103)), including agribusiness, food production, 
        distribution, and retailing, the clothing industries, energy 
        and renewable fuels, and farming marketing, finance, and 
        distribution.
            (5) Scholarship funding provided to increase the number of 
        young African-American individuals seeking a career in the food 
        and agricultural sciences shall be provided with the caveat 
        that those scholarship students shall commit to pursue a career 
        in the food and agricultural sciences, including agribusiness, 
        food production, distribution, and retailing, the clothing 
        industries, energy and renewable fuels, and farming marketing, 
        finance, and distribution.
            (6) The average age of farmers and producers in the United 
        States is 60 years of age and continues to rise.
            (7) Beginning farmers and ranchers (as defined in section 
        7405 of the Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002 (7 
        U.S.C. 3319f)) need greater assistance in the financing of 
        their education because of the increased startup costs 
        associated with farming, such as the purchase of land and 
        farming equipment.
    (b) Purposes.--The purposes of this section and the amendment made 
by this section are--
            (1) to address the national crisis posed by the aging 
        farmer and producer population in the United States;
            (2) to increase the number of young African-American 
        individuals seeking a career in the food and agricultural 
        sciences (as defined in section 1404 of the National 
        Agricultural Research, Extension, and Teaching Policy Act of 
        1977 (7 U.S.C. 3103)), including careers in agribusiness, food 
        production, distribution, and retailing, the clothing 
        industries, energy and renewable fuels, and farming marketing, 
        finance, and distribution;
            (3) to reduce the average age of farmers and producers in 
        the United States;
            (4) to provide greater assistance to beginning farmers and 
        ranchers (as defined in section 7405 of Farm Security and Rural 
        Investment Act of 2002 (7 U.S.C. 3319f)); and
            (5) to provide scholarships to 1890 land-grant students 
        seeking careers in the food and agricultural sciences.
    (c) Scholarship Program for Students Attending 1890-institutions.--
Subtitle G of the National Agricultural Research, Extension, and 
Teaching Policy Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 3221 et seq.) (as amended by 
section 7118) is amended by adding at the end the following:

``SEC. 1451. SCHOLARSHIPS FOR STUDENTS AT 1890 LAND-GRANT COLLEGES, 
              INCLUDING TUSKEGEE UNIVERSITY.

    ``(a) In General.--The Secretary shall establish a grant program 
under which the Secretary shall award a grant to each 1890 Institution 
(as defined in section 2 of the Agricultural Research, Extension, and 
Education Reform Act of 1998 (7 U.S.C. 7601)) (referred to in this 
section as an `eligible institution'), to award scholarships to 
individuals who--
            ``(1) seek to attend the eligible institution; and
            ``(2) intend to pursue a career in the food and 
        agricultural sciences, including a career in agribusiness, food 
        production, distribution, and retailing, the clothing 
        industries, energy and renewable fuels, and farming marketing, 
        finance, and distribution.
    ``(b) Funding.--
            ``(1) Authorization of appropriations.--There is authorized 
        to be appropriated to carry out this section $19,000,000 for 
        each of fiscal years 2019 through 2023.
            ``(2) Allocation.--Of the funds made available under 
        paragraph (1) for a fiscal year, the Secretary shall allocate 
        to each eligible institution $1,000,000.''.

   Subtitle B--Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act of 1990

SEC. 7201. BEST UTILIZATION OF BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS.

    Section 1624 of the Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act 
of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 5814) is amended in the first sentence by striking 
``2018'' and inserting ``2023''.

SEC. 7202. INTEGRATED MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS.

    Section 1627(d) of the Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade 
Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 5821(d)) is amended by striking ``2018'' and 
inserting ``2023''.

SEC. 7203. SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT AND TRANSFER 
              PROGRAM.

    Section 1628(f)(2) of the Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and 
Trade Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 5831(f)(2)) is amended by striking ``2018'' 
and inserting ``2023''.

SEC. 7204. NATIONAL TRAINING PROGRAM.

    Section 1629(i) of the Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade 
Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 5832(i)) is amended by striking ``2018'' and 
inserting ``2023''.

SEC. 7205. NATIONAL STRATEGIC GERMPLASM AND CULTIVAR COLLECTION 
              ASSESSMENT AND UTILIZATION PLAN.

    (a) In General.--Section 1632(d) of the Food, Agriculture, 
Conservation, and Trade Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 5841(d)) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (5), by striking ``and'' at the end;
            (2) by redesignating paragraph (6) as paragraph (7); and
            (3) by inserting after paragraph (5) the following:
            ``(6) develop and implement a national strategic germplasm 
        and cultivar collection assessment and utilization plan that 
        takes into consideration the resources and research necessary 
        to address the significant backlog of characterization and 
        maintenance of existing accessions considered to be critical to 
        preserve the viability of, and public access to, germplasm and 
        cultivars; and''.
    (b) Plan Publication.--Section 1633 of the Food, Agriculture, 
Conservation, and Trade Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 5842) is amended by 
adding at the end the following:
    ``(f) Plan Publication.--On completion of the development of the 
plan described in section 1632(d)(6), the Secretary shall make the plan 
available to the public.''.

SEC. 7206. NATIONAL GENETICS RESOURCES PROGRAM.

    (a) Advisory Council.--Section 1634 of the Food, Agriculture, 
Conservation, and Trade Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 5843) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a)--
                    (A) in the first sentence, by striking ``The 
                Secretary'' and inserting the following:
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary'';
                    (B) in the second sentence of paragraph (1) (as so 
                designated), by striking ``The advisory'' and inserting 
                the following:
            ``(2) Membership.--The advisory'';
                    (C) in paragraph (2) (as so designated), by 
                striking ``nine'' and inserting ``13''; and
                    (D) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(3) Recommendations.--
                    ``(A) In general.--In making recommendations under 
                paragraph (1), the advisory council shall include 
                recommendations on--
                            ``(i) the state of public cultivar 
                        development, including--
                                    ``(I) an analysis of existing 
                                cultivar research investments;
                                    ``(II) the research gaps relating 
                                to the development of cultivars across 
                                a diverse range of crops; and
                                    ``(III) an assessment of the state 
                                of commercialization of federally 
                                funded cultivars;
                            ``(ii) the training and resources needed to 
                        meet future breeding challenges;
                            ``(iii) the appropriate levels of Federal 
                        funding for cultivar development for 
                        underserved crops and geographic areas; and
                            ``(iv) the development of the plan 
                        described in section 1632(d)(6).''; and
            (2) in subsection (c)--
                    (A) in paragraph (1)--
                            (i) by striking ``Two-thirds'' and 
                        inserting ``6''; and
                            (ii) by inserting ``economics and policy,'' 
                        after ``agricultural sciences,'';
                    (B) in paragraph (2)--
                            (i) by striking ``One-third'' and inserting 
                        ``3''; and
                            (ii) by inserting ``community 
                        development,'' after ``public policy,''; and
                    (C) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(3) 4 of the members shall be appointed from among 
        individuals with expertise in public cultivar and animal breed 
        development.
            ``(4) 4 of the members shall be appointed from among 
        individuals representing--
                    ``(A) 1862 Institutions (as defined in section 2 of 
                the Agricultural Research, Extension, and Education 
                Reform Act of 1998 (7 U.S.C. 7601));
                    ``(B) 1890 Institutions (as defined in section 2 of 
                the Agricultural Research, Extension, and Education 
                Reform Act of 1998 (7 U.S.C. 7601));
                    ``(C) eligible institutions (as defined in section 
                502(a) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 
                1101a(a))); or
                    ``(D) 1994 Institutions (as defined in section 532 
                of the Equity in Educational Land-Grant Status Act of 
                1994 (7 U.S.C. 301 note; Public Law 103-382)).''.
    (b) Authorization of Appropriations.--Section 1635(b)(2) of the 
Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 
5844(b)(2)) is amended by striking ``2018'' and inserting ``2023''.

SEC. 7207. NATIONAL AGRICULTURAL WEATHER INFORMATION SYSTEM.

    Section 1641(c) of the Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade 
Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 5855(c)) is amended by striking ``2018'' and 
inserting ``2023''.

SEC. 7208. AGRICULTURAL GENOME TO PHENOME INITIATIVE.

    Section 1671 of the Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act 
of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 5924) is amended--
            (1) in the section heading, by inserting ``to phenome'' 
        after ``genome'';
            (2) by striking subsection (a) and inserting the following:
    ``(a) Goals.--The goals of this section are--
            ``(1) to expand knowledge concerning genomes and phenomes 
        of crops and animals of importance to the agriculture sector of 
        the United States;
            ``(2) to understand how variable weather, environments, and 
        production systems impact the growth and productivity of 
        specific varieties of crops and species of animals in order to 
        provide greater accuracy in predicting crop and animal 
        performance under variable conditions;
            ``(3) to support research that leverages plant and animal 
        genomic information with phenotypic and environmental data 
        through an interdisciplinary framework, leading to a novel 
        understanding of plant and animal processes that affect growth, 
        productivity, and the ability to predict performance, which 
        will result in the deployment of superior varieties and species 
        to producers and improved crop and animal management 
        recommendations for farmers and ranchers;
            ``(4) to catalyze and coordinate research that links 
        genomics and predictive phenomics at different sites across the 
        United States to achieve advances in crops and animals that 
        generate societal benefits;
            ``(5) to combine fields such as genetics, genomics, plant 
        physiology, agronomy, climatology, and crop modeling with 
        computation and informatics, statistics, and engineering;
            ``(6) to combine fields such as genetics, genomics, animal 
        physiology, meat science, animal nutrition, and veterinary 
        science with computation and informatics, statistics, and 
        engineering;
            ``(7) to focus on crops and animals that will yield 
        scientifically important results that will enhance the 
        usefulness of many other crops and animals;
            ``(8) to build on genomic research, such as the Plant 
        Genome Research Project and the National Animal Genome Research 
        Program, to understand gene function in production environments 
        that is expected to have considerable returns for crops and 
        animals of importance to the agriculture of the United States;
            ``(9) to develop improved data analytics to enhance 
        understanding of the biological function of genes;
            ``(10) to allow resources developed under this section, 
        including data, software, germplasm, and other biological 
        materials, to be openly accessible to all persons, subject to 
        any confidentiality requirements imposed by law; and
            ``(11) to encourage international partnerships with each 
        partner country responsible for financing its own research.'';
            (3) by striking subsection (b) and inserting the following:
    ``(b) Duties of Secretary.--The Secretary of Agriculture (referred 
to in this section as the `Secretary') shall conduct a research 
initiative, to be known as the `Agricultural Genome to Phenome 
Initiative', for the purpose of--
            ``(1) studying agriculturally significant crops and animals 
        in production environments to achieve sustainable and secure 
        agricultural production;
            ``(2) ensuring that current gaps in existing knowledge of 
        agricultural crop and animal genetics and phenomics are filled;
            ``(3) identifying and developing a functional understanding 
        of relevant genes from animals and agronomically relevant genes 
        from crops that are of importance to the agriculture sector of 
        the United States;
            ``(4) ensuring future genetic improvement of crops and 
        animals of importance to the agriculture sector of the United 
        States;
            ``(5) studying the relevance of diverse germplasm as a 
        source of unique genes that may be of importance in the future;
            ``(6) enhancing genetics to reduce the economic impact of 
        pathogens on crops and animals of importance to the agriculture 
        sector of the United States;
            ``(7) disseminating findings to relevant audiences; and
            ``(8) otherwise carrying out this section.'';
            (4) in subsection (c)(1), by inserting ``, acting through 
        the National Institute of Food and Agriculture,'' after ``The 
        Secretary'';
            (5) in subsection (e), by inserting ``to Phenome'' after 
        ``Genome''; and
            (6) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(f) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be 
appropriated to carry out this section $30,000,000 for each of fiscal 
years 2019 through 2023.''.

SEC. 7209. HIGH-PRIORITY RESEARCH AND EXTENSION INITIATIVES.

    (a) High-priority Research and Extension Areas.--Section 1672(d) of 
the Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 
5925(d)) is amended by adding at the end the following:
            ``(11) National turfgrass research initiative.--Research 
        and extension grants may be made under this section for the 
        purposes of--
                    ``(A) carrying out or enhancing research related to 
                turfgrass and sod issues;
                    ``(B) enhancing production and uses of turfgrass 
                for the general public;
                    ``(C) identifying new turfgrass varieties with 
                superior drought, heat, cold, and pest tolerance to 
                reduce water, fertilizer, and pesticide use;
                    ``(D) selecting genetically superior turfgrasses 
                and development of improved technologies for managing 
                commercial, residential, and recreational turf areas;
                    ``(E) producing grasses that aid in mitigating soil 
                erosion, protect against pollutant runoff into 
                waterways, and provide other environmental benefits;
                    ``(F) investigating, preserving, and protecting 
                native plant species, including grasses not currently 
                used in turf systems;
                    ``(G) creating systems for more economical and 
                viable turfgrass seed and sod production throughout the 
                United States; and
                    ``(H) investigating the turfgrass phytobiome and 
                developing biologic products to enhance soil, enrich 
                plants, and mitigate pests.
            ``(12) Nutrient management.--Research and extension grants 
        may be made under this section for the purposes of examining 
        nutrient management based on the source, rate, timing, and 
        placement of crop nutrients.
            ``(13) Macadamia tree health initiative.--Research and 
        extension grants may be made under this section for the 
        purposes of--
                    ``(A) developing and disseminating science-based 
                tools and treatments to combat the macadamia felted 
                coccid (Eriococcus ironsidei); and
                    ``(B) establishing an areawide integrated pest 
                management program in areas affected by, or areas at 
                risk of being affected by, the macadamia felted coccid 
                (Eriococcus ironsidei).
            ``(14) Chronic wasting disease.--Research and extension 
        grants may be made under this section for the purposes of 
        supporting research projects at land-grant colleges and 
        universities (as defined in section 1404 of the National 
        Agricultural Research, Extension, and Teaching Policy Act of 
        1977 (7 U.S.C. 3103)) with established deer research programs 
        for the purposes of treating, mitigating, or eliminating 
        chronic wasting disease in free-ranging white-tailed deer 
        populations.''.
    (b) Pulse Crop Health Initiative.--Section 1672(e)(5) of the Food, 
Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 5925(e)(5)) 
is amended by striking ``2018'' and inserting ``2023''.
    (c) Training Coordination for Food and Agriculture Protection.--
Section 1672(f)(5) of the Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade 
Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 5925(f)(5)) is amended by striking ``2018'' and 
inserting ``2023''.
    (d) Pollinator Protection.--Section 1672(g) of the Food, 
Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 5925(g)) is 
amended--
            (1) in paragraphs (1)(B), (2)(B), and (3), by striking 
        ``2018'' each place it appears and inserting ``2023'';
            (2) by redesignating paragraphs (4) and (5) as paragraphs 
        (5) and (7), respectively;
            (3) by inserting after paragraph (3) the following:
            ``(4) Pollinator health task force.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Not later than 180 days after 
                the date of enactment of the Agriculture Improvement 
                Act of 2018, the Secretary, in consultation with the 
                Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency 
                (referred to in this paragraph as the `Administrator'), 
                shall reconstitute the Pollinator Health Task Force 
                (referred to in this paragraph as the `Task Force') to 
                carry out the purposes described in subparagraph (B).
                    ``(B) Purposes.--The Task Force shall--
                            ``(i) address issues relating to pollinator 
                        health and disease, pollinator population 
                        decline, and Federal pollinator protection 
                        activities; and
                            ``(ii) ensure effective implementation of 
                        the 2015 National Pollinator Health Strategy, 
                        as modified under subparagraph (D)(i).
                    ``(C) Composition.--
                            ``(i) Co-chairs.--The Secretary and the 
                        Administrator shall serve as co-chairs of the 
                        Task Force.
                            ``(ii) Members.--
                                    ``(I) In general.--The Task Force 
                                shall be composed of not less than 15 
                                members, each of whom shall be 
                                appointed by the Secretary, in 
                                consultation with the Administrator.
                                    ``(II) Members.--The members of the 
                                Task Force--
                                            ``(aa) shall include a 
                                        qualified representative from 
                                        each of--

                                                    ``(AA) the 
                                                Department of State;

                                                    ``(BB) the 
                                                Department of Defense;

                                                    ``(CC) the 
                                                Department of the 
                                                Interior;

                                                    ``(DD) the 
                                                Department of Housing 
                                                and Urban Development;

                                                    ``(EE) the 
                                                Department of 
                                                Transportation;

                                                    ``(FF) the 
                                                Department of Energy;

                                                    ``(GG) the 
                                                Department of 
                                                Education;

                                                    ``(HH) the Council 
                                                on Environmental 
                                                Quality;

                                                    ``(II) the Domestic 
                                                Policy Council;

                                                    ``(JJ) the General 
                                                Services 
                                                Administration;

                                                    ``(KK) the National 
                                                Science Foundation;

                                                    ``(LL) the National 
                                                Security Council;

                                                    ``(MM) the Office 
                                                of Management and 
                                                Budget;

                                                    ``(NN) the Food and 
                                                Drug Administration; 
                                                and

                                                    ``(OO) the Office 
                                                of Science and 
                                                Technology Policy; and

                                            ``(bb) may include--

                                                    ``(AA) 1 or more 
                                                qualified 
                                                representatives from 
                                                any other Federal 
                                                department, agency, or 
                                                office, as determined 
                                                by the Secretary and 
                                                the Administrator; and

                                                    ``(BB) 1 or more 
                                                nongovernmental 
                                                individuals that 
                                                possess adequate 
                                                scientific credentials 
                                                to make meaningful 
                                                contributions to the 
                                                activities of the Task 
                                                Force, as determined by 
                                                the Secretary and the 
                                                Administrator.

                    ``(D) Duties.--The Task Force shall--
                            ``(i) review and modify the 2015 National 
                        Pollinator Health Strategy to reflect the 
                        evolving science on which it is based;
                            ``(ii) implement the 2015 National 
                        Pollinator Health Strategy as modified under 
                        clause (i);
                            ``(iii) ensure that Federal resources are 
                        used effectively to improve pollinator habitat 
                        and health;
                            ``(iv) engage in regular collaboration with 
                        the Department of Agriculture, other 
                        governmental and institutional entities, and 
                        private persons to leverage Federal funding to 
                        create public-private partnerships that will 
                        achieve the long-term improvement of pollinator 
                        habitat and health, consistent with the 2016 
                        Pollinator Partnership Action Plan; and
                            ``(v) not later than 180 days after the 
                        date of enactment of the Agriculture 
                        Improvement Act of 2018, host a joint summit of 
                        the Department of Agriculture and the 
                        Environmental Protection Agency on crop 
                        protection tools that examines--
                                    ``(I) the science relating to the 
                                impact of crop protection tools on 
                                pollinators;
                                    ``(II) the techniques used to 
                                mitigate the impact of crop protection 
                                tools; and
                                    ``(III) the gaps in research 
                                relating to crop protection tools.
                    ``(E) Annual report.--Not later than December 31 of 
                each year, the Task Force shall submit a report--
                            ``(i) to--
                                    ``(I) the Secretary;
                                    ``(II) the Administrator;
                                    ``(III) the Committee on 
                                Agriculture of the House of 
                                Representatives; and
                                    ``(IV) the Committee on 
                                Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of 
                                the Senate; and
                            ``(ii) that describes--
                                    ``(I) the work carried out by the 
                                Task Force under subparagraph (D); and
                                    ``(II) the recommendations of the 
                                Task Force for the next steps that 
                                should be taken to carry out the 
                                purposes described in subparagraph 
                                (B).'';
            (4) by inserting after paragraph (5) (as so redesignated) 
        the following:
            ``(6) Enhanced coordination of honeybee and pollinator 
        research.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The Chief Scientist shall 
                coordinate research, education, and economic activities 
                in the Department of Agriculture relating to native and 
                managed pollinator health.
                    ``(B) Duties.--To carry out subparagraph (A), the 
                Chief Scientist shall--
                            ``(i) assign an individual to serve in the 
                        Office of the Chief Scientist as a Honeybee and 
                        Pollinator Research Coordinator, who--
                                    ``(I) may be--
                                            ``(aa) an employee of the 
                                        Department of Agriculture at 
                                        the time of appointment; and
                                            ``(bb) a detailee from the 
                                        research, economics, and 
                                        education mission area; and
                                    ``(II) shall be responsible for 
                                leading the efforts of the Chief 
                                Scientist in carrying out subparagraph 
                                (A);
                            ``(ii) implement the pollinator health 
                        research efforts described in the 2015 report 
                        of the Pollinator Health Task Force entitled 
                        `Pollinator Research Action Plan';
                            ``(iii) establish annual strategic 
                        priorities and goals for the Department of 
                        Agriculture for native and managed pollinator 
                        research;
                            ``(iv) communicate those priorities and 
                        goals to each agency in the Department of 
                        Agriculture, the managed pollinator industry, 
                        and relevant grant recipients under programs 
                        administered by the Secretary; and
                            ``(v) coordinate and identify all research 
                        needed and conducted by the Department of 
                        Agriculture and relevant grant recipients under 
                        programs administered by the Secretary on 
                        native and managed pollinator health to ensure 
                        consistency and reduce unintended duplication 
                        of effort.
                    ``(C) Pollinator research.--
                            ``(i) In general.--In coordinating research 
                        under subparagraph (A), the Chief Scientist 
                        shall ensure that research is conducted--
                                    ``(I) to evaluate the impact of 
                                horticultural and agricultural pest 
                                management practices on native and 
                                managed pollinator colonies in diverse 
                                agro-ecosystems;
                                    ``(II) to document pesticide 
                                residues--
                                            ``(aa) that are found in 
                                        native and managed pollinator 
                                        colonies; and
                                            ``(bb) that are associated 
                                        with typical commercial crop 
                                        pest management practices;
                                    ``(III) with respect to native and 
                                managed pollinator colonies visiting 
                                crops for crop pollination or honey 
                                production purposes, to document--
                                            ``(aa) the strength and 
                                        health of those colonies;
                                            ``(bb) survival, growth, 
                                        reproduction, and production of 
                                        those colonies;
                                            ``(cc) pests, pathogens, 
                                        and viruses that affect those 
                                        colonies;
                                            ``(dd) environmental 
                                        conditions of those colonies; 
                                        and
                                            ``(ee) any other relevant 
                                        information, as determined by 
                                        the Chief Scientist;
                                    ``(IV) to document best management 
                                practices and other practices in place 
                                for managed pollinators and crop 
                                managers with respect to healthy 
                                populations of managed pollinators;
                                    ``(V) to evaluate the effectiveness 
                                of--
                                            ``(aa) conservation 
                                        practices that target the 
                                        specific needs of native and 
                                        managed pollinator habitats; 
                                        and
                                            ``(bb) incentives that 
                                        allow for the expansion of 
                                        native and managed pollinator 
                                        forage acreage;
                                    ``(VI) in the case of commercially 
                                managed pollinator colonies, to 
                                continue gathering data on--
                                            ``(aa) annual colony 
                                        losses;
                                            ``(bb) rising input costs 
                                        associated with managing 
                                        colonies; and
                                            ``(cc) the overall economic 
                                        value of commercially managed 
                                        pollinators to the food 
                                        economy; and
                                    ``(VII) relating to any other 
                                aspect of native and managed 
                                pollinators, as determined by the Chief 
                                Scientist, in consultation with 
                                scientific experts.
                            ``(ii) Public availability.--The Chief 
                        Scientist shall--
                                    ``(I) make publicly available the 
                                results of the research described in 
                                clause (i); and
                                    ``(II) in the case of the research 
                                described in clause (i)(VI), 
                                immediately publish any data or reports 
                                that were previously produced by the 
                                Department of Agriculture but not made 
                                publicly available.''; and
            (5) in paragraph (7) (as so redesignated)--
                    (A) in the paragraph heading, by inserting ``and 
                native and managed pollinators'' after ``disorder''; 
                and
                    (B) in subparagraph (C)--
                            (i) by striking ``regarding how'' and 
                        inserting the following: ``regarding--
                            ``(i) how'';
                            (ii) in clause (i) (as so designated), by 
                        striking the period at the end and inserting a 
                        semicolon; and
                            (iii) by adding at the end the following:
                            ``(ii) the establishment of a sufficiently 
                        funded large-scale multiyear field research 
                        project to evaluate the impact of horticultural 
                        and agricultural pest management practices on 
                        native and managed pollinator colonies in 
                        diverse agro-ecosystems; and
                            ``(iii) the development of crop-specific 
                        best management practices that balance the 
                        needs of crop managers with the health of 
                        native and managed pollinator colonies.''.
    (e) Authorization of Appropriations.--Section 1672(h) of the Food, 
Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 5925(h)) is 
amended by striking ``2018'' and inserting ``2023''.

SEC. 7210. ORGANIC AGRICULTURE RESEARCH AND EXTENSION INITIATIVE.

    Section 1672B of the Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act 
of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 5925b) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a)(7), by striking ``conservation'' and 
        inserting ``conservation, soil health,''; and
            (2) in subsection (e)--
                    (A) in paragraph (1)--
                            (i) in subparagraph (B), by striking 
                        ``and'' at the end;
                            (ii) in subparagraph (C), by striking the 
                        period at the end and inserting a semicolon; 
                        and
                            (iii) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(D) $40,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2019 and 
                2020;
                    ``(E) $45,000,000 for fiscal year 2021; and
                    ``(F) $50,000,000 for fiscal year 2022 and each 
                fiscal year thereafter.''; and
                    (B) in paragraph (2)--
                            (i) in the paragraph heading, by striking 
                        ``for fiscal years 2014 through 2018''; and
                            (ii) by striking ``2018'' and inserting 
                        ``2023''.

SEC. 7211. FARM BUSINESS MANAGEMENT.

    Section 1672D(d)(2) of the Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and 
Trade Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 5925f(d)(2)) is amended by striking 
``2018'' and inserting ``2023''.

SEC. 7212. URBAN, INDOOR, AND OTHER EMERGING AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION 
              RESEARCH, EDUCATION, AND EXTENSION INITIATIVE.

    (a) In General.--The Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act 
of 1990 is amended by inserting after section 1672D (7 U.S.C. 5925f) 
the following:

``SEC. 1672E. URBAN, INDOOR, AND OTHER EMERGING AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION 
              RESEARCH, EDUCATION, AND EXTENSION INITIATIVE.

    ``(a) Competitive Research and Extension Grants Authorized.--In 
consultation with the Urban Agriculture and Innovative Production 
Advisory Committee established under section 222(b) of the Department 
of Agriculture Reorganization Act of 1994, the Secretary may make 
competitive grants to support research, education, and extension 
activities for the purposes of enhancing urban, indoor, and other 
emerging agricultural production by--
            ``(1) facilitating the development of urban, indoor, and 
        other emerging agricultural production, harvesting, 
        transportation, aggregation, packaging, distribution, and 
        markets;
            ``(2) assessing and developing strategies to remediate 
        contaminated sites;
            ``(3) determining and developing the best production 
        management and integrated pest management practices;
            ``(4) assessing the impacts of shipping and transportation 
        on nutritional value;
            ``(5) identifying and promoting the horticultural, social, 
        and economic factors that contribute to successful urban, 
        indoor, and other emerging agricultural production;
            ``(6) analyzing the means by which new agricultural sites 
        are determined, including an evaluation of soil quality, 
        condition of a building, or local community needs;
            ``(7) exploring new and innovative technologies that 
        minimize energy, lighting systems, water, and other inputs for 
        increased food production;
            ``(8) examining building material efficiencies and 
        structural upgrades for the purpose of optimizing growth of 
        agricultural products;
            ``(9) studying and developing new crop varieties and 
        innovative agricultural products to connect to new markets; or
            ``(10) examining the impacts of crop exposure to urban 
        elements on environmental quality and food safety.
    ``(b) Grant Types and Process.--Subparagraphs (A) through (E) of 
paragraph (4), paragraph (7), and paragraph (11)(B) of subsection (b) 
of the Competitive, Special, and Facilities Research Grant Act (7 
U.S.C. 3157) shall apply with respect to the making of grants under 
this section.
    ``(c) Priority.--The Secretary may give priority to grant proposals 
that involve--
            ``(1) the cooperation of multiple entities; or
            ``(2) States or regions with a high concentration of or 
        significant interest in urban farms, rooftop farms, and indoor 
        production facilities.
    ``(d) Funding.--
            ``(1) Mandatory funding.--Of the funds of the Commodity 
        Credit Corporation, the Secretary shall use to carry out this 
        section $4,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2019 through 2023, 
        to remain available until expended.
            ``(2) Authorization of appropriations.--In addition to 
        amounts made available under paragraph (1), there is authorized 
        to be appropriated to carry out this section $10,000,000 for 
        each of fiscal years 2019 through 2023.''.
    (b) Data Collection on Urban, Indoor, and Emerging Agricultural 
Production.--
            (1) In general.--Not later than 360 days after the date of 
        enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall conduct as a follow-
        on study to the census of agriculture conducted in the calendar 
        year 2017 under section 2 of the Census of Agriculture Act of 
        1997 (7 U.S.C. 2204g) a census of urban, indoor, and other 
        emerging agricultural production, including information about--
                    (A) community gardens and farms located in urban 
                areas, suburbs, and urban clusters;
                    (B) rooftop farms, outdoor vertical production, and 
                green walls;
                    (C) indoor farms, greenhouses, and high-tech 
                vertical technology farms;
                    (D) hydroponic, aeroponic, and aquaponic farm 
                facilities; and
                    (E) other innovations in agricultural production, 
                as determined by the Secretary.
            (2) Authorization of appropriations.--There is authorized 
        to be appropriated to carry out this subsection $14,000,000 for 
        the period of fiscal years 2019 through 2021.

SEC. 7213. CENTERS OF EXCELLENCE AT 1890 INSTITUTIONS.

    Section 1673 of the Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act 
of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 5926) is amended by adding at the end the following:
    ``(d) Centers of Excellence at 1890s Institutions.--
            ``(1) Establishment.--The Secretary shall establish not 
        less than 3 centers of excellence, each led by an 1890 
        Institution (as defined in section 2 of the Agricultural 
        Research, Extension, and Education Reform Act of 1998 (7 U.S.C. 
        7601)), to focus on 1 or more of the areas described in 
        paragraph (2).
            ``(2) Areas of focus.--
                    ``(A) Student success and workforce development.--A 
                center of excellence established under paragraph (1) 
                may engage in activities to ensure that students have 
                the skills and education needed to work in agriculture 
                and food industries, agriculture science, technology, 
                engineering, mathematics, and related fields of study.
                    ``(B) Nutrition, health, wellness, and quality of 
                life.--A center of excellence established under 
                paragraph (1) may carry out research, education, and 
                extension programs that increase access to healthy 
                food, improve nutrition, mitigate preventive disease, 
                and develop strategies to assist limited resource 
                individuals in accessing health and nutrition 
                resources.
                    ``(C) Farming systems, rural prosperity, and 
                economic sustainability.--A center of excellence 
                established under paragraph (1) may share best 
                practices with farmers to improve agricultural 
                production, processing, and marketing, reduce urban 
                food deserts, examine new uses for traditional and 
                nontraditional crops, animals, and natural resources, 
                and continue activities carried out by the Center of 
                Innovative and Sustainable Small Farms, Ranches, and 
                Forest Lands.
                    ``(D) Global food security and defense.--A center 
                of excellence established under paragraph (1) may 
                engage in international partnerships that strengthen 
                agricultural development in developing countries, 
                partner with international researchers regarding new 
                and emerging animal and plant pests and diseases, 
                engage in agricultural disaster recovery, and continue 
                activities carried out by the Center for International 
                Engagement.
                    ``(E) Natural resources, energy, and environment.--
                A center of excellence established under paragraph (1) 
                may focus on protecting and managing domestic natural 
                resources for current and future production of food and 
                agricultural products.
                    ``(F) Emerging technologies.--A center of 
                excellence established under paragraph (1) may focus on 
                the development of emerging technologies to increase 
                agricultural productivity, enhance small farm economic 
                viability, and improve rural communities by developing 
                genetic and sensor technologies for food and 
                agriculture and providing technology training to 
                farmers.
            ``(3) Report.--Not later than 1 year after the date of 
        enactment of the Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018, and every 
        year thereafter, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on 
        Agriculture of the House of Representatives and the Committee 
        on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate a report 
        describing--
                    ``(A) the resources invested in the centers of 
                excellence established under paragraph (1); and
                    ``(B) the work being done by those centers of 
                excellence.
            ``(4) Authorization of appropriations.--There is authorized 
        to be appropriated to carry out this subsection $10,000,000 for 
        each of fiscal years 2019 through 2023.''.

SEC. 7214. ASSISTIVE TECHNOLOGY PROGRAM FOR FARMERS WITH DISABILITIES.

    Section 1680(c)(1)(B) of the Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and 
Trade Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 5933(c)(1)(B)) is amended by striking 
``2018'' and inserting ``2023''.

SEC. 7215. NATIONAL RURAL INFORMATION CENTER CLEARINGHOUSE.

    Section 2381(e) of the Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade 
Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 3125b(e)) is amended by striking ``2018'' and 
inserting ``2023''.

Subtitle C--Agricultural Research, Extension, and Education Reform Act 
                                of 1998

SEC. 7301. NATIONAL FOOD SAFETY TRAINING, EDUCATION, EXTENSION, 
              OUTREACH, AND TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE PROGRAM.

    Section 405(j) of the Agricultural Research, Extension, and 
Education Reform Act of 1998 (7 U.S.C. 7625(j)) is amended by striking 
``there are authorized'' and all that follows through the period at the 
end and inserting ``there is authorized to be appropriated $10,000,000 
for each of fiscal years 2019 through 2023.''.

SEC. 7302. INTEGRATED RESEARCH, EDUCATION, AND EXTENSION COMPETITIVE 
              GRANTS PROGRAM.

    Section 406(e) of the Agricultural Research, Extension, and 
Education Reform Act of 1998 (7 U.S.C. 7626(e)) is amended by striking 
``2018'' and inserting ``2023''.

SEC. 7303. SUPPORT FOR RESEARCH REGARDING DISEASES OF WHEAT, TRITICALE, 
              AND BARLEY CAUSED BY FUSARIUM GRAMINEARUM OR BY TILLETIA 
              INDICA.

    Section 408(e) of the Agricultural Research, Extension, and 
Education Reform Act of 1998 (7 U.S.C. 7628(e)) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (1), by striking ``and'' at the end;
            (2) in paragraph (2), by striking the period at the end and 
        inserting ``; and''; and
            (3) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(3) $15,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2019 through 
        2023.''.

SEC. 7304. GRANTS FOR YOUTH ORGANIZATIONS.

    Section 410(d)(2) of the Agricultural Research, Extension, and 
Education Reform Act of 1998 (7 U.S.C. 7630(d)(2)) is amended by 
striking ``2018'' and inserting ``2023''.

SEC. 7305. SPECIALTY CROP RESEARCH INITIATIVE.

    (a) Industry Needs.--Section 412(b) of the Agricultural Research, 
Extension, and Education Reform Act of 1998 (7 U.S.C. 7632(b)) is 
amended--
            (1) in paragraph (1)--
                    (A) by redesignating subparagraphs (B) through (E) 
                as subparagraphs (C) through (F); and
                    (B) by inserting after subparagraph (A) the 
                following:
                    ``(B) size-controlling rootstock systems for 
                perennial crops;'';
            (2) in paragraph (2), by striking ``including threats to 
        specialty crop pollinators;'' and inserting the following: 
        ``such as--
                    ``(A) threats to specialty crop pollinators;
                    ``(B) emerging and invasive species; and
                    ``(C) a more effective understanding and 
                utilization of existing natural enemy complexes;'';
            (3) in paragraph (3)--
                    (A) by striking ``efforts to improve'' and 
                inserting the following: ``efforts--
                    ``(A) to improve'';
                    (B) in subparagraph (A) (as so designated), by 
                adding ``and'' at the end; and
                    (C) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(B) to achieve a better understanding of--
                            ``(i) the soil rhizosphere microbiome;
                            ``(ii) pesticide application systems and 
                        certified drift-reduction technologies; and
                            ``(iii) systems to improve and extend the 
                        storage life of specialty crops;''; and
            (4) in paragraph (4), by striking ``including improved 
        mechanization and technologies that delay or inhibit ripening; 
        and'' and inserting the following: ``such as--
                    ``(A) mechanization and automation of labor-
                intensive tasks in production and processing;
                    ``(B) technologies that delay or inhibit ripening;
                    ``(C) decision support systems driven by phenology 
                and environmental factors;
                    ``(D) improved monitoring systems for agricultural 
                pests; and
                    ``(E) effective systems for preharvest and 
                postharvest management of quarantine pests; and''.
    (b) Funding.--Section 412(k) of the Agricultural Research, 
Extension, and Education Reform Act of 1998 (7 U.S.C. 7632(k)) is 
amended--
            (1) in paragraph (2)--
                    (A) in the paragraph heading, by striking ``for 
                fiscal years 2014 through 2018'';
                    (B) by striking ``In addition'' and inserting the 
                following:
                    ``(A) In general.--In addition''; and
                    (C) in subparagraph (A) (as so designated), by 
                striking ``2018'' and inserting ``2023'';
            (2) by redesignating paragraph (3) as subparagraph (B) of 
        paragraph (2) and indenting appropriately; and
            (3) by redesignating paragraphs (4) and (5) as paragraphs 
        (3) and (4), respectively.

SEC. 7306. FOOD ANIMAL RESIDUE AVOIDANCE DATABASE PROGRAM.

    Section 604(e) of the Agricultural Research, Extension, and 
Education Reform Act of 1998 (7 U.S.C. 7642(e)) is amended by striking 
``2018'' and inserting ``2023''.

SEC. 7307. OFFICE OF PEST MANAGEMENT POLICY.

    Section 614(f)(2) of the Agricultural Research, Extension, and 
Education Reform Act of 1998 (7 U.S.C. 7653(f)(2)) is amended by 
striking ``2018'' and inserting ``2023''.

SEC. 7308. FORESTRY PRODUCTS ADVANCED UTILIZATION RESEARCH.

    Section 617(f)(1) of the Agricultural Research, Extension, and 
Education Reform Act of 1998 (7 U.S.C. 7655b(f)(1)) is amended by 
striking ``2018'' and inserting ``2023''.

                         Subtitle D--Other Laws

SEC. 7401. CRITICAL AGRICULTURAL MATERIALS ACT.

    (a) Hemp Research.--Section 5(b)(9) of the Critical Agricultural 
Materials Act (7 U.S.C. 178c(b)(9)) is amended by inserting ``, and 
including hemp (as defined in section 297A of the Agricultural 
Marketing Act of 1946)'' after ``hydrocarbon-containing plants''.
    (b) Authorization of Appropriations.--Section 16(a)(2) of the 
Critical Agricultural Materials Act (7 U.S.C. 178n(a)(2)) is amended by 
striking ``2018'' and inserting ``2023''.

SEC. 7402. EQUITY IN EDUCATIONAL LAND-GRANT STATUS ACT OF 1994.

    (a) Definition of 1994 Institution.--
            (1) In general.--Section 532 of the Equity in Educational 
        Land-Grant Status Act of 1994 (7 U.S.C. 301 note; Public Law 
        103-382) is amended--
                    (A) by striking paragraph (11);
                    (B) by redesignating paragraphs (12) through (23) 
                and (25) through (35) as paragraphs (11) through (22) 
                and (26) through (36), respectively;
                    (C) in paragraph (20) (as so redesignated), by 
                striking ``College'' and inserting ``University'';
                    (D) by inserting after paragraph (22) (as so 
                redesignated) the following:
            ``(23) Nueta Hidatsa Sahnish College.''; and
                    (E) by inserting after paragraph (24) the 
                following:
            ``(25) Red Lake Nation College.''.
            (2) Effective date.--The amendments made by paragraph (1) 
        take effect on October 1, 2018.
    (b) Endowment for 1994 Institutions.--Section 533(b) of the Equity 
in Educational Land-Grant Status Act of 1994 (7 U.S.C. 301 note; Public 
Law 103-382) is amended in the first sentence by striking ``2018'' and 
inserting ``2023''.
    (c) Institutional Capacity Building Grants.--Section 535 of the 
Equity in Educational Land-Grant Status Act of 1994 (7 U.S.C. 301 note; 
Public Law 103-382) is amended by striking ``2018'' each place it 
appears in subsections (b)(1) and (c) and inserting ``2023''.
    (d) Research Grants.--Section 536(c) of the Equity in Educational 
Land-Grant Status Act of 1994 (7 U.S.C. 301 note; Public Law 103-382) 
is amended in the first sentence by striking ``2018'' and inserting 
``2023''.

SEC. 7403. RESEARCH FACILITIES ACT.

    Section 6(a) of the Research Facilities Act (7 U.S.C. 390d(a)) is 
amended by striking ``2018'' and inserting ``2023''.

SEC. 7404. AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD RESEARCH INITIATIVE.

    Subsection (b) of the Competitive, Special, and Facilities Research 
Grant Act (7 U.S.C. 3157(b)) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (2)--
                    (A) in subparagraph (D)--
                            (i) in clause (vi), by striking ``and'' at 
                        the end;
                            (ii) in clause (vii), by striking the 
                        period at the end and inserting ``; and''; and
                            (iii) by adding at the end the following:
                            ``(viii) soil health.''; and
                    (B) in subparagraph (E)--
                            (i) in clause (iii), by striking ``and'' at 
                        the end;
                            (ii) in clause (iv), by striking the period 
                        at the end and inserting ``; and''; and
                            (iii) by adding at the end the following:
                            ``(v) automation or mechanization in the 
                        production and distribution of specialty crops, 
                        with a focus on labor-intensive tasks.'';
            (2) in paragraph (6)--
                    (A) in subparagraph (D), by striking ``and'' at the 
                end;
                    (B) in subparagraph (E), by striking the period at 
                the end and inserting ``; and''; and
                    (C) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(F) to an institution to carry out collaboration 
                in biomedical and agricultural research using existing 
                research models.''; and
            (3) in paragraph (11)(A), in the matter preceding clause 
        (i), by striking ``2018'' and inserting ``2023''.

SEC. 7405. EXTENSION DESIGN AND DEMONSTRATION INITIATIVE.

    (a) In General.--The Competitive, Special, and Facilities Research 
Grant Act (7 U.S.C. 3157) is amended by inserting after subsection (c) 
the following:
    ``(d) Extension Design and Demonstration Initiative.--
            ``(1) Purpose.--The purpose of this subsection is to 
        encourage the design of adaptive prototype systems for 
        extension and education that seek to advance the application, 
        translation, and demonstration of scientific discoveries and 
        other agricultural research for the adoption and understanding 
        of food, agricultural, and natural resources practices, 
        techniques, methods, and technologies using digital or other 
        novel platforms.
            ``(2) Grants.--The Secretary shall award grants on a 
        competitive basis--
                    ``(A) for the design of 1 or more extension and 
                education prototype systems--
                            ``(i) that leverage digital platforms or 
                        other novel means of translating, delivering, 
                        or demonstrating agricultural research; and
                            ``(ii) to adapt, apply, translate, or 
                        demonstrate scientific findings, data, 
                        technology, and other research outcomes to 
                        producers, the agricultural industry, and other 
                        interested persons or organizations; and
                    ``(B) to demonstrate, by incorporating analytics 
                and specific metrics, the value, impact, and return on 
                the Federal investment of a prototype system designed 
                under subparagraph (A) as a model for use by other 
                eligible entities described in paragraph (3) for 
                improving, modernizing, and adapting applied research, 
                demonstration, and extension services.
            ``(3) Eligible entities.--An entity that is eligible to 
        receive a grant under paragraph (2) is--
                    ``(A) a State agricultural experiment station; and
                    ``(B) a land-grant college or university (as 
                defined in section 1404 of the National Agricultural 
                Research, Extension, and Teaching Policy Act of 1977 (7 
                U.S.C. 3103)).
            ``(4) Requirement.--The Secretary shall award grants under 
        paragraph (2) to not fewer than 2 and not more than 5 eligible 
        entities described in paragraph (3) that represent a diversity 
        of regions, commodities, and agricultural or food production 
        issues.
            ``(5) Term.--The term of a grant awarded under paragraph 
        (2) shall be not longer than 5 years.
            ``(6) Authorization of appropriations.--There is authorized 
        to be appropriated to carry out this subsection $5,000,000 for 
        each of fiscal years 2019 through 2023, to remain available 
        until expended.''.
    (b) Technical and Conforming Amendments.--The Competitive, Special, 
and Facilities Research Grant Act (7 U.S.C. 3157) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (c)(2), by striking ``subsection--'' in 
        the matter preceding subparagraph (A) and all that follows 
        through ``for the planning'' in subparagraph (B) and inserting 
        ``subsection for the planning''; and
            (2) in subsection (h), by inserting ``, (d),'' after 
        ``subsections (b)''.

SEC. 7406. RENEWABLE RESOURCES EXTENSION ACT OF 1978.

    (a) Authorization of Appropriations.--Section 6 of the Renewable 
Resources Extension Act of 1978 (16 U.S.C. 1675) is amended in the 
first sentence by striking ``2018'' and inserting ``2023''.
    (b) Termination Date.--Section 8 of the Renewable Resources 
Extension Act of 1978 (16 U.S.C. 1671 note; Public Law 95-306) is 
amended by striking ``2018'' and inserting ``2023''.

SEC. 7407. NATIONAL AQUACULTURE ACT OF 1980.

    Section 10 of the National Aquaculture Act of 1980 (16 U.S.C. 2809) 
is amended by striking ``2018'' each place it appears and inserting 
``2023''.

SEC. 7408. REPEAL OF REVIEW OF AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE.

    Section 7404 of the Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002 
(7 U.S.C. 3101 note; Public Law 107-171) is repealed.

SEC. 7409. BIOMASS RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT.

    Section 9008 of the Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002 
(7 U.S.C. 8108) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a)(1)--
                    (A) in subparagraph (A), by striking ``or'' at the 
                end;
                    (B) in subparagraph (B), by striking the period at 
                the end and inserting ``; or''; and
                    (C) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(C) carbon dioxide that--
                            ``(i) is intended for permanent 
                        sequestration or utilization; and
                            ``(ii) is a byproduct of the production of 
                        the products described in subparagraphs (A) and 
                        (B).'';
            (2) in subsection (d)(2)(A)--
                    (A) in clause (xii), by striking ``and'' at the 
                end;
                    (B) by redesignating clause (xiii) as clause (xiv); 
                and
                    (C) by inserting after clause (xii) the following:
                            ``(xiii) an individual with expertise in 
                        carbon dioxide capture, utilization, and 
                        sequestration; and'';
            (3) in subsection (e)--
                    (A) in paragraph (2)(B)--
                            (i) in clause (ii), by striking ``and'' at 
                        the end; and
                            (ii) by adding at the end the following:
                            ``(iv) to permanently sequester or utilize 
                        carbon dioxide that is produced as a byproduct 
                        of the production of biobased products; and''; 
                        and
                    (B) in paragraph (3)(B)--
                            (i) in clause (i), by striking ``and'' at 
                        the end;
                            (ii) in clause (ii), by striking the period 
                        at the end and inserting ``; and''; and
                            (iii) by adding at the end the following:
                            ``(iii) the development of technologies to 
                        permanently sequester or utilize carbon dioxide 
                        that is produced as a byproduct of the 
                        production of biobased products.''; and
            (4) in subsection (h)--
                    (A) in paragraph (1)--
                            (i) in subparagraph (D), by striking 
                        ``and'' at the end;
                            (ii) in subparagraph (E), by striking the 
                        period at the end and inserting ``; and''; and
                            (iii) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(F) $3,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2019 
                through 2023.''; and
                    (B) in paragraph (2), by striking ``2018'' and 
                inserting ``2023''.

SEC. 7410. REINSTATEMENT OF MATCHING REQUIREMENT FOR FEDERAL FUNDS USED 
              IN EXTENSION WORK AT THE UNIVERSITY OF THE DISTRICT OF 
              COLUMBIA.

    (a) In General.--Section 208(c) of the District of Columbia Public 
Postsecondary Education Reorganization Act (88 Stat. 1428; sec. 38-
1202.09(c), D.C. Official Code) is amended by inserting after the first 
sentence the following: ``Such sums may be used to pay not more than 
\1/2\ of the total cost of providing such extension work.''.
    (b) Effective Date.--The amendment made by subsection (a) shall 
take effect on October 1, 2018.

SEC. 7411. ENHANCED USE LEASE AUTHORITY PILOT PROGRAM.

    Section 308 of the Federal Crop Insurance Reform and Department of 
Agriculture Reorganization Act of 1994 (7 U.S.C. 3125a note; Public Law 
103-354) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (b)(6)(A), by striking ``10 years'' and 
        inserting ``15 years''; and
            (2) in subsection (d)(2), in the matter preceding 
        subparagraph (A), by striking ``6, 8, and 10 years'' and 
        inserting ``13 years''.

SEC. 7412. TRANSFER OF ADMINISTRATIVE JURISDICTION OVER PORTION OF 
              HENRY A. WALLACE BELTSVILLE AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH CENTER, 
              BELTSVILLE, MARYLAND.

    (a) Transfer Authorized.--Subject to subsection (e), the Secretary 
may transfer to the Secretary of the Treasury administrative 
jurisdiction over a parcel of real property at the Henry A. Wallace 
Beltsville Agricultural Research Center consisting of approximately 100 
acres, which was originally acquired by the United States through land 
acquisitions in 1910 and 1925, and is generally located off of Poultry 
Road lying between Powder Mill Road and Odell Road in Beltsville, 
Maryland, for the purpose of facilitating the establishment of Bureau 
of Engraving and Printing facilities on the parcel.
    (b) Legal Description and Map.--
            (1) Preparation.--The Secretary shall prepare a legal 
        description and map of the parcel of real property to be 
        transferred under subsection (a).
            (2) Force of law.--The legal description and map prepared 
        under paragraph (1) shall have the same force and effect as if 
        included in this Act, except that the Secretary may correct 
        errors in the legal description and map.
    (c) Terms and Conditions.--The transfer of administrative 
jurisdiction under subsection (a) shall be subject to easements, valid 
existing rights, and such other reservations, terms, and conditions as 
the Secretary considers to be necessary.
    (d) Waiver.--The parcel of real property under subsection (a) is 
exempt from Federal screening for other possible use due to an 
identified Federal need for the parcel as the site of Bureau of 
Engraving and Printing facilities.
    (e) Conditions for Transfer.--As a condition of the transfer of 
administrative jurisdiction under subsection (a), the Secretary of the 
Treasury shall agree to pay the Secretary the costs incurred to carry 
out the transfer of administrative jurisdiction under subsection (a), 
including the costs for--
            (1) any environmental or administrative analysis required 
        by law with respect to the parcel to be transferred under 
        subsection (a);
            (2) a survey, if needed; and
            (3) any hazardous substances assessment of the parcel to be 
        transferred under subsection (a).
    (f) Hazardous Materials.--
            (1) In general.--For the parcel to be transferred under 
        subsection (a), the Secretary shall meet the applicable 
        disclosure requirements relating to hazardous substances.
            (2) Remediation.--The Secretary shall not be required to 
        remediate or abate any hazardous substances disclosed under 
        paragraph (1) or any other hazardous pollutants, contaminants, 
        or waste that may be present at or on the parcel on the date of 
        the transfer of administrative jurisdiction under subsection 
        (a).

SEC. 7413. FOUNDATION FOR FOOD AND AGRICULTURE RESEARCH.

    Section 7601 of the Agricultural Act of 2014 (7 U.S.C. 5939) is 
amended--
            (1) in subsection (d)(1)(D), by inserting ``and agriculture 
        stakeholders'' after ``community'';
            (2) in subsection (e)--
                    (A) in paragraph (2)(C)(ii)(I), by inserting 
                ``agriculture or'' before ``agricultural research''; 
                and
                    (B) in paragraph (4)(A)--
                            (i) in clause (iii), by striking ``and'' at 
                        the end;
                            (ii) by redesignating clause (iv) as clause 
                        (v); and
                            (iii) by inserting after clause (iii) the 
                        following:
                            ``(iv) actively solicit and accept funds, 
                        gifts, grants, devises, or bequests of real or 
                        personal property made to the Foundation, 
                        including from private entities; and'';
            (3) in subsection (f)--
                    (A) in paragraph (2)(A)(iii), by striking ``any''; 
                and
                    (B) in paragraph (3)(B)--
                            (i) in clause (i)(I)--
                                    (I) in the matter preceding item 
                                (aa), by inserting ``and post online'' 
                                before ``a report'';
                                    (II) in item (aa), by striking 
                                ``accomplishments; and'' and inserting 
                                ``accomplishments and how those 
                                activities align to the challenges 
                                identified in the strategic plan under 
                                clause (iv);'';
                                    (III) in item (bb), by striking the 
                                period at the end and inserting ``; 
                                and''; and
                                    (IV) by adding at the end the 
                                following:
                                            ``(cc) a description of 
                                        available agricultural research 
                                        programs and priorities for the 
                                        upcoming fiscal year.''; and
                            (ii) by adding at the end the following:
                            ``(iii) Stakeholder notice.--The Foundation 
                        shall publish an annual notice with a 
                        description of agricultural research priorities 
                        under this section for the upcoming fiscal 
                        year, including--
                                    ``(I) a schedule for funding 
                                competitions;
                                    ``(II) a discussion of how 
                                applications for funding will be 
                                evaluated; and
                                    ``(III) how the Foundation will 
                                communicate information about funded 
                                awards to the public to ensure that 
                                grantees and partners understand the 
                                objectives of the Foundation.
                            ``(iv) Strategic plan.--Not later than 1 
                        year after the date of enactment of the 
                        Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018, the 
                        Foundation shall submit to the Committee on 
                        Agriculture of the House of Representatives and 
                        the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and 
                        Forestry of the Senate a strategic plan 
                        describing a path for the Foundation to become 
                        self-sustaining, including--
                                    ``(I) a forecast of major 
                                agricultural challenge opportunities 
                                identified by the scientific advisory 
                                councils of the Foundation and approved 
                                by the Board, including short- and 
                                long-term objectives;
                                    ``(II) an overview of the efforts 
                                that the Foundation will take to be 
                                transparent in each of the processes of 
                                the Foundation, including--
                                            ``(aa) processes relating 
                                        to grant awards, including the 
                                        selection, review, and 
                                        notification processes;
                                            ``(bb) communication of 
                                        past, current, and future 
                                        research priorities; and
                                            ``(cc) plans to solicit and 
                                        respond to public input on the 
                                        opportunities identified in the 
                                        strategic plan;
                                    ``(III) a description of financial 
                                goals and benchmarks for the next 10 
                                years, including a detailed plan for 
                                raising funds in amounts greater than 
                                the amounts required under this 
                                section; and
                                    ``(IV) other related issues, as 
                                determined by the Board.''; and
            (4) in subsection (g)(1)--
                    (A) in the paragraph heading, by striking 
                ``Mandatory funding'' and inserting ``Funding'';
                    (B) in subparagraph (A)--
                            (i) by striking ``On the date'' and 
                        inserting the following:
                            ``(i) Establishment funding.--On the 
                        date''; and
                            (ii) by adding at the end the following:
                            ``(ii) Enhanced funding.--On the date of 
                        enactment of the Agriculture Improvement Act of 
                        2018, of the funds of the Commodity Credit 
                        Corporation, the Secretary shall transfer to 
                        the Foundation to carry out this section 
                        $200,000,000, to remain available until 
                        expended.''; and
                    (C) in subparagraph (B)--
                            (i) by striking ``The Foundation'' and 
                        inserting the following:
                            ``(i) In general.--The Foundation'';
                            (ii) in clause (i) (as so designated)--
                                    (I) by striking ``purposes'' and 
                                inserting ``purposes, duties, and 
                                powers''; and
                                    (II) by striking ``non-Federal 
                                matching funds for each expenditure'' 
                                and inserting ``matching funds from a 
                                non-Federal source, including a generic 
                                agricultural commodity promotion, 
                                research, and information program''; 
                                and
                            (iii) by adding at the end the following:
                            ``(ii) Effect.--Nothing in this section 
                        requires the Foundation to require a matching 
                        contribution from an individual grantee as a 
                        condition of receiving a grant under this 
                        section.''.

SEC. 7414. ASSISTANCE FOR FORESTRY RESEARCH UNDER THE MCINTIRE-STENNIS 
              COOPERATIVE FORESTRY ACT.

    Section 2 of Public Law 87-788 (commonly known as the ``McIntire-
Stennis Cooperative Forestry Act'') (16 U.S.C. 582a-1) is amended in 
the second sentence--
            (1) by striking ``and'' before ``1890 Institutions''; and
            (2) by inserting ``and 1994 Institutions (as defined in 
        section 532 of the Equity in Educational Land-Grant Status Act 
        of 1994 (7 U.S.C. 301 note; Public Law 103-382)) that offer an 
        associate's degree or a baccalaureate degree in forestry,'' 
        before ``and (b)''.

SEC. 7415. LEGITIMACY OF INDUSTRIAL HEMP RESEARCH.

    (a) In General.--Section 7606 of the Agricultural Act of 2014 (7 
U.S.C. 5940) is amended--
            (1) by redesignating subsections (a) and (b) as subsections 
        (b) and (a), respectively, and moving the subsections so as to 
        appear in alphabetical order;
            (2) in subsection (b) (as so redesignated), in the 
        subsection heading, by striking ``In General'' and inserting 
        ``Industrial Hemp Research''; and
            (3) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(c) Study and Report.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall conduct a study of 
        agricultural pilot programs--
                    ``(A) to determine the economic viability of the 
                domestic production and sale of industrial hemp; and
                    ``(B) that shall include a review of--
                            ``(i) each agricultural pilot program; and
                            ``(ii) any other agricultural or academic 
                        research relating to industrial hemp.
            ``(2) Report.--Not later than 120 days after the date of 
        enactment of this subsection, the Secretary shall submit to 
        Congress a report describing the results of the study conducted 
        under paragraph (1).''.
    (b) Repeal.--Effective on the date that is 1 year after the date on 
which the Secretary establishes a plan under section 297C of the 
Agricultural Marketing Act of 1946, section 7606 of the Agricultural 
Act of 2014 (7 U.S.C. 5940) is repealed.

SEC. 7416. COLLECTION OF DATA RELATING TO BARLEY AREA PLANTED AND 
              HARVESTED.

    For all acreage reports published after the date of enactment of 
this Act, the Secretary, acting through the Administrator of the 
National Agricultural Statistics Service, shall include the State of 
New York in the States surveyed to produce the table entitled ``Barley 
Area Planted and Harvested'' in those reports.

SEC. 7417. COLLECTION OF DATA RELATING TO THE SIZE AND LOCATION OF 
              DAIRY FARMS.

    (a) In General.--Not later than 120 days after the date of 
enactment of this Act, the Secretary, acting through the Administrator 
of the Economic Research Service, shall update the report entitled 
``Changes in the Size and Location of US Dairy Farms'' contained in the 
report of the Economic Research Service entitled ``Profits, Costs, and 
the Changing Structure of Dairy Farming'' and published in September 
2007.
    (b) Requirement.--In updating the report described in subsection 
(a), the Secretary shall include an expanded Table 2 of that report 
containing the full range of herd sizes that are detailed in Table 1 of 
that report.

SEC. 7418. AGRICULTURE INNOVATION CENTER DEMONSTRATION PROGRAM.

    Section 6402 of the Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002 
(7 U.S.C. 1632b) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (e)(1), by striking ``subsection (i)'' 
        and inserting ``subsection (h)'';
            (2) by striking subsection (g);
            (3) by redesignating subsections (h) and (i) as subsections 
        (g) and (h), respectively; and
            (4) in subsection (h) (as so redesignated), by striking 
        ``is authorized'' and all that follows through ``2018'' and 
        inserting ``are authorized to be appropriated such sums as are 
        necessary to carry out this section''.

SEC. 7419. SMITH-LEVER COMMUNITY EXTENSION PROGRAM.

    (a) In General.--Section 3(d) of the Smith-Lever Act (7 U.S.C. 
343(d)) is amended--
            (1) by striking ``The Secretary'' and inserting the 
        following:
    ``(d) Administration, Technical, and Extension Services.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary'';
            (2) in paragraph (1) (as designated by paragraph (1)), by 
        striking the second sentence; and
            (3) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(2) Competitive funding.--The Secretary of Agriculture 
        may provide funding, on a competitive basis, to--
                    ``(A) a college or university eligible to receive 
                funds under the Act of August 30, 1890 (7 U.S.C. 321-
                326a and 328), including Tuskegee University; or
                    ``(B) a 1994 Institution (as defined in section 532 
                of the Equity in Educational Land-Grant Status Act of 
                1994 (7 U.S.C. 301 note; Public Law 103-382)) for--
                            ``(i) the Children, Youth, and Families at 
                        Risk funding program under subsection (b)(3); 
                        and
                            ``(ii) the Federally Recognized Tribes 
                        Extension Program.''.
    (b) Conforming Amendments.--
            (1) Section 3(f) of the Smith Lever Act (7 U.S.C. 343(f)) 
        is amended--
                    (A) by striking ``There shall'' and inserting the 
                following:
            ``(1) In general.--There shall''; and
                    (B) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(2) Exception not applicable.--Paragraph (1) shall not 
        apply to a 1994 Institution receiving funding under subsection 
        (d)(2)(B) for the Children, Youth, and Families at Risk funding 
        program under subsection (b)(3) or for the Federally Recognized 
        Tribes Extension Program.''.
            (2) Section 533(a)(2)(A) of the Equity in Educational Land-
        Grant Status Act of 1994 (7 U.S.C. 301 note; Public Law 103-
        382) is amended by striking clause (ii) and inserting the 
        following:
                            ``(ii) the Smith-Lever Act (7 U.S.C. 341 et 
                        seq.), except as provided under--
                                    ``(I) section 3(b)(3) of that Act 
                                (7 U.S.C. 343(b)(3)); or
                                    ``(II) paragraph (2) of section 
                                3(d) of that Act (7 U.S.C. 343(d)); 
                                or''.

         Subtitle E--Food, Conservation, and Energy Act of 2008

                     PART I--AGRICULTURAL SECURITY

SEC. 7501. AGRICULTURAL BIOSECURITY COMMUNICATION CENTER.

    Section 14112(c)(2) of the Food, Conservation, and Energy Act of 
2008 (7 U.S.C. 8912(c)(2)) is amended by striking ``2018'' and 
inserting ``2023''.

SEC. 7502. ASSISTANCE TO BUILD LOCAL CAPACITY IN AGRICULTURAL 
              BIOSECURITY PLANNING, PREPARATION, AND RESPONSE.

    Section 14113 of the Food, Conservation, and Energy Act of 2008 (7 
U.S.C. 8913) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a)(2)(B), by striking ``2018'' and 
        inserting ``2023''; and
            (2) in subsection (b)(2)(B), by striking ``2018'' and 
        inserting ``2023''.

SEC. 7503. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT OF AGRICULTURAL COUNTERMEASURES.

    Section 14121(b)(2) of the Food, Conservation, and Energy Act of 
2008 (7 U.S.C. 8921(b)(2)) is amended by striking ``2018'' and 
inserting ``2023''.

SEC. 7504. AGRICULTURAL BIOSECURITY GRANT PROGRAM.

    Section 14122(e)(2) of the Food, Conservation, and Energy Act of 
2008 (7 U.S.C. 8922(e)(2)) is amended by striking ``2018'' and 
inserting ``2023''.

                   PART II--MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS

SEC. 7511. FARM AND RANCH STRESS ASSISTANCE NETWORK.

    Section 7522 of the Food, Conservation, and Energy Act of 2008 (7 
U.S.C. 5936) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a), by striking ``to support cooperative 
        programs between State cooperative extension services and 
        nonprofit organizations'' and inserting ``to eligible entities 
        described in subsection (c)'';
            (2) in subsection (b)--
                    (A) by striking paragraph (5);
                    (B) by redesignating paragraphs (1) through (4) as 
                subparagraphs (A) through (D), respectively, and 
                indenting the subparagraphs appropriately;
                    (C) by striking subparagraph (B) (as so 
                redesignated) and inserting the following:
                    ``(B) training, including training programs and 
                workshops, for--
                            ``(i) advocates for individuals who are 
                        engaged in farming, ranching, and other 
                        occupations relating to agriculture; and
                            ``(ii) other individuals and entities that 
                        may assist individuals who--
                                    ``(I) are engaged in farming, 
                                ranching, and other occupations 
                                relating to agriculture; and
                                    ``(II) are in crisis;'';
                    (D) in subparagraph (C) (as so redesignated), by 
                adding ``and'' after the semicolon at the end;
                    (E) in subparagraph (D) (as so redesignated), by 
                striking ``activities; and'' and inserting 
                ``activities, including the dissemination of 
                information and materials; or'';
                    (F) in the matter preceding subparagraph (A) (as so 
                redesignated), by striking ``be used to initiate'' and 
                inserting the following: ``be used--
            ``(1) to initiate''; and
                    (G) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(2) to enter into contracts, on a multiyear basis, with 
        community-based, direct-service organizations to initiate, 
        expand, or sustain programs described in paragraph (1) and 
        subsection (a).''; and
            (3) by striking subsections (c) and (d) and inserting the 
        following:
    ``(c) Eligible Recipients.--The Secretary may award a grant under 
this section to--
            ``(1) a State department of agriculture;
            ``(2) a State cooperative extension service;
            ``(3) a qualified nonprofit organization, as determined by 
        the Secretary;
            ``(4) an entity providing appropriate services, as 
        determined by the Secretary, in 1 or more States; or
            ``(5) a partnership carried out by 2 or more entities 
        described in paragraphs (1) through (4).
    ``(d) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be 
appropriated to the Secretary to carry out this section $10,000,000 for 
each of fiscal years 2019 through 2023.
    ``(e) Report to Congress.--
            ``(1) In general.--Not later than 1 year after the date of 
        enactment of this subsection, the Secretary, in coordination 
        with the Secretary of Health and Human Services, shall submit 
        to Congress and any other relevant Federal department or 
        agency, and make publicly available, a report describing the 
        state of behavioral and mental health of individuals who are 
        engaged in farming, ranching, and other occupations relating to 
        agriculture.
            ``(2) Contents.--The report under paragraph (1) shall 
        include--
                    ``(A) an inventory and assessment of efforts to 
                support the behavioral and mental health of individuals 
                who are engaged in farming, ranching, and other 
                occupations relating to agriculture by--
                            ``(i) the Federal Government, States, and 
                        units of local government;
                            ``(ii) communities comprised of those 
                        individuals;
                            ``(iii) healthcare providers;
                            ``(iv) State cooperative extension 
                        services; and
                            ``(v) other appropriate entities, as 
                        determined by the Secretary;
                    ``(B) a description of the challenges faced by 
                individuals who are engaged in farming, ranching, and 
                other occupations relating to agriculture that may 
                impact the behavioral and mental health of farmers and 
                ranchers;
                    ``(C) a description of how the Department of 
                Agriculture can improve coordination and cooperation 
                with Federal health departments and agencies, including 
                the Department of Health and Human Services, the 
                Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services 
                Administration, the Health Resources and Services 
                Administration, the Centers for Disease Control and 
                Prevention, and the National Institutes of Health, to 
                best address the behavioral and mental health of 
                individuals who are engaged in farming, ranching, and 
                other occupations relating to agriculture;
                    ``(D) a long-term strategy for responding to the 
                challenges described under subparagraph (B) and 
                recommendations based on best practices for further 
                action to be carried out by appropriate Federal 
                departments or agencies to improve Federal Government 
                response and seek to prevent suicide among individuals 
                who are engaged in farming, ranching, and other 
                occupations relating to agriculture; and
                    ``(E) an evaluation of the impact of suicide among 
                individuals who are engaged in farming, ranching, and 
                other occupations relating to agriculture on--
                            ``(i) the agricultural workforce;
                            ``(ii) agricultural production;
                            ``(iii) rural families and communities; and
                            ``(iv) succession planning.''.

SEC. 7512. NATURAL PRODUCTS RESEARCH PROGRAM.

    Section 7525(e) of the Food, Conservation, and Energy Act of 2008 
(7 U.S.C. 5937(e)) is amended by striking ``2018'' and inserting 
``2023''.

SEC. 7513. SUN GRANT PROGRAM.

    Section 7526(g) of the Food, Conservation, and Energy Act of 2008 
(7 U.S.C. 8114(g)) is amended by striking ``2018'' and inserting 
``2023''.

SEC. 7514. MECHANIZATION AND AUTOMATION FOR SPECIALTY CROPS.

    (a) In General.--Not later than 180 days after the date of 
enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall conduct a review of the 
programs of the Department of Agriculture that affect the production or 
processing of specialty crops.
    (b) Requirements.--The review under subsection (a) shall identify--
            (1) programs that currently are, or previously have been, 
        effectively used to accelerate the development and use of 
        automation or mechanization in the production or processing of 
        specialty crops; and
            (2) programs that may be more effectively used to 
        accelerate the development and use of automation or 
        mechanization in the production or processing of specialty 
        crops.
    (c) Strategy.--With respect to programs identified under subsection 
(b), the Secretary shall develop and implement a strategy to accelerate 
the development and use of automation and mechanization in the 
production or processing of specialty crops.

                 Subtitle F--Matching Funds Requirement

SEC. 7601. MATCHING FUNDS REQUIREMENT.

    (a) Repeal.--Subtitle P of the National Agricultural Research, 
Extension, and Teaching Policy Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 3371) is repealed.
    (b) Conforming Amendments.--
            (1) National agricultural research, extension, and teaching 
        policy act of 1977.--
                    (A) National agricultural research, extension, 
                education, and economics advisory board.--Section 
                1408(c)(1) of the National Agricultural Research, 
                Extension, and Teaching Policy Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 
                3123(c)(1)) is amended by striking subparagraph (B) and 
                inserting the following:
                    ``(B) the annual establishment of national 
                priorities, as determined by the Board;''.
                    (B) Grants to enhance research capacity in schools 
                of veterinary medicine.--Section 1415(a) of the 
                National Agricultural Research, Extension, and Teaching 
                Policy Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 3151(a)) is amended--
                            (i) by striking ``The Secretary'' and 
                        inserting the following:
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary''; and
                            (ii) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(2) Matching requirement.--A State receiving a grant 
        under paragraph (1) shall provide State matching funds equal to 
        not less than the amount of the grant.''.
                    (C) Aquaculture assistance grant program.--Section 
                1475(b) of the National Agricultural Research, 
                Extension, and Teaching Policy Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 
                3322(b)) is amended by striking ``The Secretary'' and 
                all that follows through the period at the end and 
                inserting the following:
            ``(1) In general.--Subject to paragraph (3), the Secretary 
        may make competitive grants to entities eligible for grants 
        under paragraph (2) for research and extension to facilitate or 
        expand promising advances in the production and marketing of 
        aquacultural food species and products and to enhance the 
        safety and wholesomeness of those species and products, 
        including the development of reliable supplies of seed stock 
        and therapeutic compounds.
            ``(2) Eligible entities.--The Secretary may make a 
        competitive grant under paragraph (1) to--
                    ``(A) a land-grant or seagrant college or 
                university;
                    ``(B) a State agricultural experiment station;
                    ``(C) a college, university, or Federal laboratory 
                having a demonstrable capacity to conduct aquacultural 
                research, as determined by the Secretary; or
                    ``(D) a nonprofit private research institution.
            ``(3) Matching state grants.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Except as provided in 
                subparagraph (B), the Secretary shall not make a grant 
                under paragraph (1) unless the State in which the grant 
                recipient is located makes a grant to that recipient in 
                an amount equal to not less than the amount of the 
                grant under paragraph (1) (of which State amount an in-
                kind contribution shall not exceed 50 percent).
                    ``(B) Federal laboratories.--Subparagraph (A) shall 
                not apply to a grant to a Federal laboratory.''.
            (2) Food, agriculture, conservation, and trade act of 
        1990.--
                    (A) Federal-state matching grant program.--Section 
                1623(d)(2) of the Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and 
                Trade Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 5813(d)(2)) is amended by 
                striking the second sentence.
                    (B) Agricultural genome initiative.--Section 1671 
                of the Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act 
                of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 5924) (as amended by section 7208) is 
                amended--
                            (i) by redesignating subsection (f) as 
                        subsection (g); and
                            (ii) by inserting after subsection (e) the 
                        following:
    ``(f) Matching Funds Requirement.--
            ``(1) In general.--Subject to paragraph (3), with respect 
        to a grant or cooperative agreement under this section that 
        provides a particular benefit to a specific agricultural 
        commodity, the recipient of funds under the grant or 
        cooperative agreement shall provide non-Federal matching funds 
        (including funds from a generic agricultural commodity 
        promotion, research, and information program) equal to not less 
        than the amount provided under the grant or cooperative 
        agreement.
            ``(2) In-kind support.--Non-Federal matching funds 
        described in paragraph (1) may include in-kind support.
            ``(3) Waiver.--The Secretary may waive the matching funds 
        requirement under paragraph (1) with respect to a research 
        project if the Secretary determines that--
                    ``(A) the results of the project are of a 
                particular benefit to a specific agricultural 
                commodity, but those results are likely to be 
                applicable to agricultural commodities generally; or
                    ``(B)(i) the project--
                            ``(I) involves a minor commodity; and
                            ``(II) deals with scientifically important 
                        research; and
                    ``(ii) the recipient is unable to satisfy the 
                matching funds requirement.''.
                    (C) High-priority research and extension 
                initiatives.--Section 1672(a) of the Food, Agriculture, 
                Conservation, and Trade Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 5925(a)) 
                is amended--
                            (i) by striking ``The Secretary of 
                        Agriculture'' and inserting the following:
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary of Agriculture'';
                            (ii) in paragraph (1) (as so designated), 
                        in the second sentence, by striking ``The 
                        Secretary shall'' and inserting the following:
            ``(3) Consultation.--The Secretary shall''; and
                            (iii) by inserting after paragraph (1) the 
                        following:
            ``(2) Matching funds requirement.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Subject to subparagraph (C), an 
                entity receiving a grant under paragraph (1) shall 
                provide non-Federal matching funds (including funds 
                from a generic agricultural commodity promotion, 
                research, and information program) equal to not less 
                than the amount of the grant.
                    ``(B) In-kind support.--Non-Federal matching funds 
                described in subparagraph (A) may include in-kind 
                support.
                    ``(C) Waiver.--The Secretary may waive the matching 
                funds requirement under subparagraph (A) with respect 
                to a research project if the Secretary determines 
                that--
                            ``(i) the results of the project are of a 
                        particular benefit to a specific agricultural 
                        commodity, but those results are likely to be 
                        applicable to agricultural commodities 
                        generally; or
                            ``(ii)(I) the project--
                                    ``(aa) involves a minor commodity; 
                                and
                                    ``(bb) deals with scientifically 
                                important research; and
                            ``(II) the recipient is unable to satisfy 
                        the matching funds requirement.''.
                    (D) Organic agriculture research and extension 
                initiative.--Section 1672B of the Food, Agriculture, 
                Conservation, and Trade Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 5925b) 
                (as amended by section 7210) is amended--
                            (i) by redesignating subsections (c), (d), 
                        and (e) as subsections (d), (e), and (f), 
                        respectively; and
                            (ii) by inserting after subsection (b) the 
                        following:
    ``(c) Matching Requirement.--
            ``(1) In general.--Subject to paragraph (3), an entity 
        receiving a grant under subsection (a) shall provide non-
        Federal matching funds (including funds from a generic 
        agricultural commodity promotion, research, and information 
        program) equal to not less than the amount of the grant.
            ``(2) In-kind support.--Non-Federal matching funds 
        described in paragraph (1) may include in-kind support.
            ``(3) Waiver.--The Secretary may waive the matching funds 
        requirement under paragraph (1) with respect to a research 
        project if the Secretary determines that--
                    ``(A) the results of the project are of a 
                particular benefit to a specific agricultural 
                commodity, but those results are likely to be 
                applicable to agricultural commodities generally; or
                    ``(B)(i) the project--
                            ``(I) involves a minor commodity; and
                            ``(II) deals with scientifically important 
                        research; and
                    ``(ii) the recipient is unable to satisfy the 
                matching funds requirement.''.
            (3) Agricultural research, extension, and education reform 
        act of 1998.--
                    (A) Integrated research, education, and extension 
                competitive grants program.--Section 406 of the 
                Agricultural Research, Extension, and Education Reform 
                Act of 1998 (7 U.S.C. 7626) is amended--
                            (i) by redesignating subsections (d) and 
                        (e) as subsections (e) and (f), respectively; 
                        and
                            (ii) by inserting after subsection (c) the 
                        following:
    ``(d) Matching Funds Requirement.--
            ``(1) In general.--Subject to paragraph (3), with respect 
        to a grant under this section that provides a particular 
        benefit to a specific agricultural commodity, the recipient of 
        the grant shall provide non-Federal matching funds (including 
        funds from a generic agricultural commodity promotion, 
        research, and information program) equal to not less than the 
        amount of the grant.
            ``(2) In-kind support.--Non-Federal matching funds 
        described in paragraph (1) may include in-kind support.
            ``(3) Waiver.--The Secretary may waive the matching funds 
        requirement under paragraph (1) with respect to a research 
        project if the Secretary determines that--
                    ``(A) the results of the project are of a 
                particular benefit to a specific agricultural 
                commodity, but those results are likely to be 
                applicable to agricultural commodities generally; or
                    ``(B)(i) the project--
                            ``(I) involves a minor commodity; and
                            ``(II) deals with scientifically important 
                        research; and
                    ``(ii) the recipient is unable to satisfy the 
                matching funds requirement.''.
                    (B) Specialty crop research initiative.--Section 
                412(g) of the Agricultural Research, Extension, and 
                Education Reform Act of 1998 (7 U.S.C. 7632(g)) is 
                amended--
                            (i) by redesignating paragraph (3) as 
                        paragraph (4); and
                            (ii) by inserting after paragraph (2) the 
                        following:
            ``(3) Matching requirement.--
                    ``(A) In general.--An entity receiving a grant 
                under this section shall provide non-Federal matching 
                funds (including funds from a generic agricultural 
                commodity promotion, research, and information program) 
                equal to not less than the amount of the grant.
                    ``(B) In-kind support.--Non-Federal matching funds 
                described in subparagraph (A) may include in-kind 
                support.''.
            (4) Other laws.--
                    (A) Sun grant program.--Section 7526(c)(1)(C)(iv) 
                of the Food, Conservation, and Energy Act of 2008 (7 
                U.S.C. 8114(c)(1)(C)(iv)) is amended by striking 
                subclause (IV).
                    (B) Agriculture and food research initiative.--
                Subsection (b)(9) of the Competitive, Special, and 
                Facilities Research Grant Act (7 U.S.C. 3157(b)(9)) is 
                amended--
                            (i) in subparagraph (A), by striking clause 
                        (iii);
                            (ii) in subparagraph (B)--
                                    (I) in clause (i), by striking 
                                ``clauses (ii) and (iii),'' and 
                                inserting ``clause (ii),''; and
                                    (II) by striking clause (iii); and
                            (iii) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(C) Applied research.--An entity receiving a 
                grant under paragraph (5)(B) for applied research that 
                is commodity-specific and not of national scope shall 
                provide non-Federal matching funds equal to not less 
                than the amount of the grant.''.
    (c) Application of Amendments.--
            (1) Grants awarded after october 1, 2018.--The amendments 
        made by subsections (a) and (b) shall apply with respect to 
        grants described in subsection (b) that are awarded after 
        October 1, 2018.
            (2) Grants awarded on or before october 1, 2018.--
        Notwithstanding the amendments made by subsections (a) and (b), 
        a matching funds requirement in effect on the day before the 
        date of enactment of this Act under a provision of law amended 
        by subsection (a) or (b) shall continue to apply to a grant 
        described in subsection (b) that is awarded on or before 
        October 1, 2018.

SEC. 7602. EXTENSION AND AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH AT 1890 LAND-GRANT 
              COLLEGES, INCLUDING TUSKEGEE UNIVERSITY.

    (a) Extension.--Section 1444 of the National Agricultural Research, 
Extension, and Teaching Policy Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 3221) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a), by adding at the end the following:
            ``(5) Fiscal year 2019, 2020, 2021, or 2022.--In addition 
        to other amounts authorized to be appropriated to carry out 
        this section, there are authorized to be appropriated for 1 of 
        fiscal year 2019, 2020, 2021, or 2022 such sums as are 
        necessary to ensure that an eligible institution receiving a 
        distribution of funds under this section for that fiscal year 
        receives not less than the amount of funds received by that 
        eligible institution under this section for the preceding 
        fiscal year.''; and
            (2) in subsection (b)--
                    (A) in the undesignated matter following paragraph 
                (2)(B)--
                            (i) by striking ``paragraph (2) of this 
                        subsection'' and inserting ``this paragraph''; 
                        and
                            (ii) by striking ``In computing'' and 
                        inserting the following:
                    ``(C) In computing'';
                    (B) in paragraph (2)--
                            (i) in subparagraph (B), by striking ``Of 
                        the remainder'' and inserting ``Except as 
                        provided in paragraph (4), of the remainder''; 
                        and
                            (ii) by striking ``(2) any funds'' and 
                        inserting the following:
            ``(3) Additional amount.--Any funds'';
                    (C) in paragraph (1)--
                            (i) by striking ``are allocated'' and 
                        inserting ``were allocated''; and
                            (ii) by striking ``; and'' and inserting 
                        ``, as so designated as of that date.'';
                    (D) by striking ``(b) Beginning'' in the matter 
                preceding paragraph (1) and all that follows through 
                ``any funds'' in paragraph (1) and inserting the 
                following:
    ``(b) Distribution of Funds.--
            ``(1) In general.--Funds made available under this section 
        shall be distributed among eligible institutions in accordance 
        with this subsection.
            ``(2) Base amount.--Any funds''; and
                    (E) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(4) Special amount for fiscal year 2019, 2020, 2021, or 
        2022.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Subject to subparagraph (B), for 
                1 of fiscal year 2019, 2020, 2021, or 2022, if the 
                calculation under paragraph (3)(B) would result in a 
                distribution of less than $3,000,000 to an eligible 
                institution that first received funds under this 
                section after the date of enactment of the Agricultural 
                Act of 2014 (Public Law 113-79; 128 Stat. 649) for a 
                fiscal year, that institution shall receive a 
                distribution of $3,000,000 for that fiscal year.
                    ``(B) Limitation.--Subparagraph (A) shall apply 
                only if amounts are appropriated under subsection 
                (a)(5) to ensure that an eligible institution receiving 
                a distribution of funds under this section for fiscal 
                year 2019, 2020, 2021, or 2022, as applicable, receives 
                not less than the amount of funds received by that 
                eligible institution under this section for the 
                preceding fiscal year.''.
    (b) Research.--Section 1445 of the National Agricultural Research, 
Extension, and Teaching Policy Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 3222) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a), by adding at the end the following:
            ``(6) Fiscal year 2019, 2020, 2021, or 2022.--In addition 
        to other amounts authorized to be appropriated to carry out 
        this section, there are authorized to be appropriated for 1 of 
        fiscal year 2019, 2020, 2021, or 2022 such sums as are 
        necessary to ensure that an eligible institution receiving a 
        distribution of funds under this section for that fiscal year 
        receives not less than the amount of funds received by that 
        eligible institution under this section for the preceding 
        fiscal year.''; and
            (2) in subsection (b)--
                    (A) in paragraph (2)--
                            (i) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(D) Special amount for fiscal year 2019, 2020, 
                2021, or 2022.--
                            ``(i) In general.--Subject to clause (ii), 
                        for 1 of fiscal year 2019, 2020, 2021, or 2022, 
                        if the calculation under subparagraph (C) would 
                        result in a distribution of less than 
                        $3,000,000 to an eligible institution that 
                        first received funds under this section after 
                        the date of enactment of the Agricultural Act 
                        of 2014 (Public Law 113-79; 128 Stat. 649), 
                        that institution shall receive a distribution 
                        of $3,000,000 for that fiscal year.
                            ``(ii) Limitation.--Clause (i) shall apply 
                        only if amounts are appropriated under 
                        subsection (a)(6) to ensure that an eligible 
                        institution receiving a distribution of funds 
                        under this section for fiscal year 2019, 2020, 
                        2021, or 2022, as applicable, receives not less 
                        than the amount of funds received by that 
                        eligible institution under this section for the 
                        preceding fiscal year.'';
                            (ii) in subparagraph (B), by striking ``(B) 
                        Of funds'' and inserting the following:
                    ``(C) Additional amount.--Except as provided in 
                subparagraph (D), of funds'';
                            (iii) in subparagraph (A)--
                                    (I) by striking ``are allocated'' 
                                and inserting ``were allocated'';
                                    (II) by inserting ``, as so 
                                designated as of that date'' before the 
                                period at the end; and
                                    (III) by striking ``(A) Funds'' and 
                                inserting the following:
                    ``(B) Base amount.--Funds''; and
                            (iv) in the matter preceding subparagraph 
                        (B) (as so designated), by striking ``(2) The'' 
                        and all that follows through ``follows:'' and 
                        inserting the following:
            ``(3) Distributions.--
                    ``(A) In general.--After allocating amounts under 
                paragraph (2), the remainder shall be allotted among 
                the eligible institutions in accordance with this 
                paragraph.'';
                    (B) in paragraph (1), by striking ``(1) Three per 
                centum'' and inserting the following:
            ``(2) Administration.--3 percent''; and
                    (C) in the matter preceding paragraph (2) (as so 
                designated), by striking ``(b) Beginning'' and all that 
                follows through ``follows:'' and inserting the 
                following:
    ``(b) Distribution of Funds.--
            ``(1) In general.--Funds made available under this section 
        shall be distributed among eligible institutions in accordance 
        with this subsection.''.

                          TITLE VIII--FORESTRY

        Subtitle A--Cooperative Forestry Assistance Act of 1978

SEC. 8101. STATE AND PRIVATE FOREST LANDSCAPE-SCALE RESTORATION 
              PROGRAM.

    (a) In General.--Section 13A of the Cooperative Forestry Assistance 
Act of 1978 (16 U.S.C. 2109a) is amended to read as follows:

``SEC. 13A. STATE AND PRIVATE FOREST LANDSCAPE-SCALE RESTORATION 
              PROGRAM.

    ``(a) Purpose.--The purpose of this section is to encourage 
collaborative, science-based restoration of priority forest landscapes.
    ``(b) Definitions.--In this section:
            ``(1) Indian tribe.--The term `Indian tribe' has the 
        meaning given the term in section 4 of the Indian Self-
        Determination and Education Assistance Act (25 U.S.C. 5304).
            ``(2) Nonindustrial private forest land.--The term 
        `nonindustrial private forest land' means land that--
                    ``(A) is rural, as determined by the Secretary;
                    ``(B) has existing tree cover or is suitable for 
                growing trees; and
                    ``(C) is owned by any private individual, group, 
                association, corporation, Indian tribe, or other 
                private legal entity.
            ``(3) State forest land.--The term `State forest land' 
        means land that--
                    ``(A) is rural, as determined by the Secretary; and
                    ``(B) is under State or local governmental 
                ownership and considered to be non-Federal forest land.
    ``(c) Establishment.--The Secretary, in consultation with State 
foresters or appropriate State agencies, shall establish a competitive 
grant program to provide financial and technical assistance to 
encourage collaborative, science-based restoration of priority forest 
landscapes.
    ``(d) Eligibility.--To be eligible to receive a grant under this 
section, an applicant shall submit to the Secretary, through the State 
forester or appropriate State agency, a State and private forest 
landscape-scale restoration proposal based on a restoration strategy 
that--
            ``(1) is complete or substantially complete;
            ``(2) is for a multiyear period;
            ``(3) covers nonindustrial private forest land or State 
        forest land;
            ``(4) is accessible by wood-processing infrastructure; and
            ``(5) is based on the best available science.
    ``(e) Plan Criteria.--A State and private forest landscape-scale 
restoration proposal submitted under this section shall include plans--
            ``(1) to reduce the risk of uncharacteristic wildfires;
            ``(2) to improve fish and wildlife habitats, including the 
        habitats of threatened and endangered species;
            ``(3) to maintain or improve water quality and watershed 
        function;
            ``(4) to mitigate invasive species, insect infestation, and 
        disease;
            ``(5) to improve important forest ecosystems;
            ``(6) to measure ecological and economic benefits, 
        including air quality and soil quality and productivity; and
            ``(7) to take other relevant actions, as determined by the 
        Secretary.
    ``(f) Priorities.--In making grants under this section, the 
Secretary shall give priority to plans that--
            ``(1) further a statewide forest assessment and resource 
        strategy;
            ``(2) promote cross boundary landscape collaboration; and
            ``(3) leverage public and private resources.
    ``(g) Collaboration and Consultation.--The Chief of the Forest 
Service, the Chief of the Natural Resources Conservation Service, and 
relevant stakeholders shall collaborate and consult on an ongoing basis 
regarding--
            ``(1) administration of the program established under this 
        section; and
            ``(2) identification of other applicable resources for 
        landscape-scale restoration.
    ``(h) Matching Funds Required.--As a condition of receiving a grant 
under this section, the Secretary shall require the recipient of the 
grant to provide funds or in-kind support from non-Federal sources in 
an amount that is at least equal to the amount of Federal funds.
    ``(i) Coordination and Proximity Encouraged.--In making grants 
under this section, the Secretary may consider coordination with and 
proximity to other landscape-scale projects on other land under the 
jurisdiction of the Secretary, the Secretary of the Interior, or a 
Governor of a State, including under--
            ``(1) the Collaborative Forest Landscape Restoration 
        Program established under section 4003 of the Omnibus Public 
        Land Management Act of 2009 (16 U.S.C. 7303);
            ``(2) landscape areas designated for insect and disease 
        treatments under section 602 of the Healthy Forests Restoration 
        Act of 2003 (16 U.S.C. 6591a);
            ``(3) good neighbor authority under section 19;
            ``(4) stewardship end result contracting projects 
        authorized under section 604 of the Healthy Forests Restoration 
        Act of 2003 (16 U.S.C. 6591c);
            ``(5) appropriate State-level programs; and
            ``(6) other relevant programs, as determined by the 
        Secretary.
    ``(j) Regulations.--The Secretary shall promulgate such regulations 
as the Secretary determines necessary to carry out this section.
    ``(k) Report.--Not later than 3 years after the date of enactment 
of this section, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on 
Agriculture of the House of Representatives and the Committee on 
Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate a report on--
            ``(1) the status of development, execution, and 
        administration of selected projects;
            ``(2) the accounting of program funding expenditures; and
            ``(3) specific accomplishments that have resulted from 
        landscape-scale projects.
    ``(l) Fund.--
            ``(1) In general.--There is established in the Treasury a 
        fund, to be known as the `State and Private Forest Landscape-
        Scale Restoration Fund' (referred to in this subsection as the 
        `Fund'), to be used by the Secretary to make grants under this 
        section.
            ``(2) Contents.--The Fund shall consist of such amounts as 
        are appropriated to the Fund under paragraph (3).
            ``(3) Authorization of appropriations.--There is authorized 
        to be appropriated to the Fund $20,000,000 for each fiscal year 
        beginning with the first full fiscal year after the date of 
        enactment of this subsection through fiscal year 2023, to 
        remain available until expended.''.
    (b) Conforming Amendments.--
            (1) Section 13B of the Cooperative Forestry Assistance Act 
        of 1978 (16 U.S.C. 2109b) is repealed.
            (2) Section 19(a)(4)(C) of the Cooperative Forestry 
        Assistance Act of 1978 (16 U.S.C. 2113(a)(4)(C)) is amended by 
        striking ``sections 13A and 13B'' and inserting ``section 
        13A''.

 Subtitle B--Forest and Rangeland Renewable Resources Research Act of 
                                  1978

SEC. 8201. REPEAL OF RECYCLING RESEARCH.

    Section 9 of the Forest and Rangeland Renewable Resources Research 
Act of 1978 (16 U.S.C. 1648) is repealed.

SEC. 8202. REPEAL OF FORESTRY STUDENT GRANT PROGRAM.

    Section 10 of the Forest and Rangeland Renewable Resources Research 
Act of 1978 (16 U.S.C. 1649) is repealed.

        Subtitle C--Global Climate Change Prevention Act of 1990

SEC. 8301. REPEALS.

    (a) Biomass Energy Demonstration Projects.--Section 2410 of the 
Global Climate Change Prevention Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 6708) is 
repealed.
    (b) Interagency Cooperation to Maximize Biomass Growth.--Section 
2411 of the Global Climate Change Prevention Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 
6709) is amended in the matter preceding paragraph (1) by striking 
``to--'' and all that follows through ``such forests and lands'' in 
paragraph (2) and inserting ``to develop a program to manage forests 
and land on Department of Defense military installations''.

          Subtitle D--Healthy Forests Restoration Act of 2003

SEC. 8401. PROMOTING CROSS-BOUNDARY WILDFIRE MITIGATION.

    Section 103 of the Healthy Forests Restoration Act of 2003 (16 
U.S.C. 6513) is amended by adding at the end the following:
    ``(e) Cross-boundary Hazardous Fuel Reduction Projects.--
            ``(1) Definitions.--In this subsection:
                    ``(A) Hazardous fuel reduction project.--The term 
                `hazardous fuel reduction project' means a hazardous 
                fuel reduction project described in paragraph (2).
                    ``(B) Non-federal land.--The term `non-Federal 
                land' includes--
                            ``(i) State land;
                            ``(ii) county land;
                            ``(iii) Tribal land;
                            ``(iv) private land; and
                            ``(v) other non-Federal land.
            ``(2) Grants.--The Secretary may make grants to State 
        foresters to support hazardous fuel reduction projects that 
        incorporate treatments in landscapes across ownership 
        boundaries on Federal and non-Federal land, particularly in 
        areas identified as priorities in applicable State-wide forest 
        resource assessments or strategies under section 2A(a) of the 
        Cooperative Forestry Assistance Act of 1978 (16 U.S.C. 
        2101a(a)), as mutually agreed to by the State forester and the 
        Regional Forester.
            ``(3) Land treatments.--To conduct and fund treatments for 
        hazardous fuel reduction projects carried out by State 
        foresters using grants under paragraph (2), the Secretary may 
        use the authorities of the Secretary relating to cooperation 
        and technical and financial assistance, including the good 
        neighbor authority under--
                    ``(A) section 8206 of the Agricultural Act of 2014 
                (16 U.S.C. 2113a); and
                    ``(B) section 331 of the Department of the Interior 
                and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2001 (16 
                U.S.C. 1011 note; Public Law 106-291).
            ``(4) Cooperation.--In carrying out a hazardous fuel 
        reduction project using a grant under paragraph (2) on non-
        Federal land, the State forester, in consultation with the 
        Secretary--
                    ``(A) shall consult with any applicable owners of 
                the non-Federal land; and
                    ``(B) shall not implement the hazardous fuel 
                reduction project on non-Federal land without the 
                consent of the owner of the non-Federal land.
            ``(5) Authorization of appropriations.--There is authorized 
        to be appropriated to carry out this subsection $20,000,000 for 
        each of fiscal years 2019 through 2023.''.

SEC. 8402. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS FOR HAZARDOUS FUEL REDUCTION 
              ON FEDERAL LAND.

    Section 108 of the Healthy Forests Restoration Act of 2003 (16 
U.S.C. 6518) is amended by striking ``$760,000,000 for each fiscal 
year'' and inserting ``$660,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2019 
through 2023''.

SEC. 8403. REPEAL OF BIOMASS COMMERCIAL UTILIZATION GRANT PROGRAM.

    (a) In General.--Section 203 of the Healthy Forests Restoration Act 
of 2003 (16 U.S.C. 6531) is repealed.
    (b) Conforming Amendment.--The table of contents for the Healthy 
Forests Restoration Act of 2003 (16 U.S.C. 6501 note; Public Law 108-
148) is amended by striking the item relating to section 203.

SEC. 8404. WATER SOURCE PROTECTION PROGRAM.

    (a) In General.--Title III of the Healthy Forests Restoration Act 
of 2003 (16 U.S.C. 6541 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the 
following:

``SEC. 303. WATER SOURCE PROTECTION PROGRAM.

    ``(a) Definitions.--In this section:
            ``(1) End water user.--The term `end water user' means a 
        non-Federal entity, including--
                    ``(A) a State;
                    ``(B) a political subdivision of a State;
                    ``(C) an Indian tribe;
                    ``(D) a utility;
                    ``(E) a municipal water system;
                    ``(F) an irrigation district;
                    ``(G) a nonprofit organization; and
                    ``(H) a corporation.
            ``(2) Forest management activity.--The term `forest 
        management activity' means a project carried out by the 
        Secretary on National Forest System land.
            ``(3) Forest plan.--The term `forest plan' means a land 
        management plan prepared by the Forest Service for a unit of 
        the National Forest System pursuant to section 6 of the Forest 
        and Rangeland Renewable Resources Planning Act of 1974 (16 
        U.S.C. 1604).
            ``(4) Non-federal partner.--The term `non-Federal partner' 
        means an end water user with whom the Secretary has entered 
        into a partnership agreement under subsection (c)(1).
            ``(5) Program.--The term `Program' means the Water Source 
        Protection Program established under subsection (b).
            ``(6) Secretary.--The term `Secretary' means the Secretary 
        of Agriculture, acting through the Chief of the Forest Service.
            ``(7) Water source management plan.--The term `water source 
        management plan' means the water source management plan 
        developed under subsection (d)(1).
    ``(b) Establishment.--The Secretary shall establish and maintain a 
program, to be known as the `Water Source Protection Program', to carry 
out watershed protection and restoration projects on National Forest 
System land.
    ``(c) Water Source Investment Partnerships.--
            ``(1) In general.--In carrying out the Program, the 
        Secretary may enter into water source investment partnership 
        agreements with end water users to protect and restore the 
        condition of National Forest watersheds that provide water to 
        the end water users.
            ``(2) Form.--A partnership agreement described in paragraph 
        (1) may take the form of--
                    ``(A) a memorandum of understanding;
                    ``(B) a cost-share or collection agreement;
                    ``(C) a long-term funding matching commitment; or
                    ``(D) another appropriate instrument, as determined 
                by the Secretary.
    ``(d) Water Source Management Plan.--
            ``(1) In general.--In carrying out the Program, the 
        Secretary, in cooperation with the non-Federal partners and 
        applicable State, local, and Tribal governments, may develop a 
        water source management plan that describes the proposed 
        implementation of watershed protection and restoration projects 
        under the Program.
            ``(2) Requirement.--A water source management plan shall be 
        conducted in a manner consistent with the forest plan 
        applicable to the National Forest System land on which the 
        watershed protection and restoration project is carried out.
            ``(3) Environmental analysis.--The Secretary may conduct a 
        single environmental impact statement or similar analysis 
        required under the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 
        (42 U.S.C. 4321 et seq.)--
                    ``(A) for each watershed protection and restoration 
                project included in the water source management plan; 
                or
                    ``(B) as part of the development of, or after the 
                finalization of, the water source management plan.
    ``(e) Forest Management Activities.--
            ``(1) In general.--To the extent that forest management 
        activities are necessary to protect, maintain, or enhance water 
        quality, and in accordance with paragraph (2), the Secretary 
        shall carry out forest management activities as part of 
        watershed protection and restoration projects carried out on 
        National Forest System land, with the primary purpose of--
                    ``(A) protecting a municipal water supply system;
                    ``(B) restoring forest health from insect 
                infestations and disease; or
                    ``(C) any combination of the purposes described in 
                subparagraphs (A) and (B).
            ``(2) Compliance.--The Secretary shall carry out forest 
        management activities under paragraph (1) in accordance with--
                    ``(A) this Act;
                    ``(B) the applicable water source management plan;
                    ``(C) the applicable forest plan; and
                    ``(D) other applicable laws.
    ``(f) Endangered Species Act of 1973.--In carrying out the Program, 
the Secretary may use the Manual on Adaptive Management of the 
Department of the Interior, including any associated guidance, to 
comply with the Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 1531 et 
seq.).
    ``(g) Funds and Services.--
            ``(1) In general.--In carrying out the Program, the 
        Secretary may accept and use funding, services, and other forms 
        of investment and assistance from non-Federal partners to 
        implement the water source management plan.
            ``(2) Matching funds required.--The Secretary shall require 
        the contribution of funds or in-kind support from non-Federal 
        partners to be in an amount that is at least equal to the 
        amount of Federal funds.
            ``(3) Manner of use.--The Secretary may accept and use 
        investments described in paragraph (1) directly or indirectly 
        through the National Forest Foundation.
            ``(4) Water source protection fund.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Subject to the availability of 
                appropriations, the Secretary may establish a Water 
                Source Protection Fund to match funds or in-kind 
                support contributed by non-Federal partners under 
                paragraph (1).
                    ``(B) Use of appropriated funds.--There is 
                authorized to be appropriated to carry out this section 
                $10,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2019 through 2023.
                    ``(C) Partnership agreements.--The Secretary may 
                make multiyear commitments, if necessary, to implement 
                1 or more partnership agreements under subsection 
                (c).''.
    (b) Conforming Amendment.--The table of contents for the Healthy 
Forests Restoration Act of 2003 (16 U.S.C. 6501 note; Public Law 108-
148) is amended by striking the item relating to section 303 and 
inserting the following:

``Sec. 303. Water Source Protection Program.''.

SEC. 8405. WATERSHED CONDITION FRAMEWORK.

    (a) In General.--Title III of the Healthy Forests Restoration Act 
of 2003 (16 U.S.C. 6541 et seq.) (as amended by section 8404(a)) is 
amended by adding at the end the following:

``SEC. 304. WATERSHED CONDITION FRAMEWORK.

    ``(a) In General.--The Secretary of Agriculture, acting through the 
Chief of the Forest Service (referred to in this section as the 
`Secretary'), shall establish and maintain a Watershed Condition 
Framework for National Forest System land--
            ``(1) to evaluate and classify the condition of watersheds, 
        taking into consideration--
                    ``(A) water quality and quantity;
                    ``(B) aquatic habitat and biota;
                    ``(C) riparian and wetland vegetation;
                    ``(D) the presence of roads and trails;
                    ``(E) soil type and condition;
                    ``(F) groundwater-dependent ecosystems;
                    ``(G) relevant terrestrial indicators, such as fire 
                regime, risk of catastrophic fire, forest and rangeland 
                vegetation, invasive species, and insects and disease; 
                and
                    ``(H) other significant factors, as determined by 
                the Secretary;
            ``(2) to identify for protection and restoration up to 5 
        priority watersheds in each National Forest, and up to 2 
        priority watersheds in each national grassland, taking into 
        consideration the impact of the condition of the watershed 
        condition on--
                    ``(A) wildfire behavior;
                    ``(B) flood risk;
                    ``(C) fish and wildlife;
                    ``(D) drinking water supplies;
                    ``(E) irrigation water supplies;
                    ``(F) forest-dependent communities; and
                    ``(G) other significant impacts, as determined by 
                the Secretary;
            ``(3) to develop a watershed protection and restoration 
        action plan for each priority watershed that--
                    ``(A) takes into account existing restoration 
                activities being implemented in the watershed; and
                    ``(B) includes, at a minimum--
                            ``(i) the major stressors responsible for 
                        the impaired condition of the watershed;
                            ``(ii) a set of essential projects that, 
                        once completed, will address the identified 
                        stressors and improve watershed conditions;
                            ``(iii) a proposed implementation schedule;
                            ``(iv) potential partners and funding 
                        sources; and
                            ``(v) a monitoring and evaluation program;
            ``(4) to prioritize protection and restoration activities 
        for each watershed restoration action plan;
            ``(5) to implement each watershed protection and 
        restoration action plan; and
            ``(6) to monitor the effectiveness of protection and 
        restoration actions and indicators of watershed health.
    ``(b) Coordination.--In carrying out subsection (a), the Secretary 
shall--
            ``(1) coordinate with interested non-Federal landowners and 
        State, Tribal, and local governments within the relevant 
        watershed; and
            ``(2) provide for an active and ongoing public engagement 
        process.
    ``(c) Emergency Designation.--Notwithstanding paragraph (2) of 
subsection (a), the Secretary may identify a watershed as a priority 
for rehabilitation in the Watershed Condition Framework without using 
the process described in that subsection if a Forest Supervisor 
determines that--
            ``(1) a wildfire has significantly diminished the condition 
        of the watershed; and
            ``(2) the emergency stabilization activities of the Burned 
        Area Emergency Response Team are insufficient to return the 
        watershed to proper function.''.
    (b) Conforming Amendment.--The table of contents for the Healthy 
Forests Restoration Act of 2003 (16 U.S.C. 6501 note; Public Law 108-
148) (as amended by section 8404(b)) is amended by inserting after the 
item relating to section 303 the following:

``Sec. 304. Watershed Condition Framework.''.

SEC. 8406. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS TO COMBAT INSECT 
              INFESTATIONS AND RELATED DISEASES.

    (a) In General.--Section 406 of the Healthy Forests Restoration Act 
of 2003 (16 U.S.C. 6556) is amended to read as follows:

``SEC. 406. TERMINATION OF EFFECTIVENESS.

    ``The authority provided by this title terminates effective October 
1, 2023.''.
    (b) Conforming Amendment.--The table of contents for the Healthy 
Forests Restoration Act of 2003 (16 U.S.C. 6501 note; Public Law 108-
148) is amended by striking the item relating to section 406 and 
inserting the following:

``Sec. 406. Termination of effectiveness.''.

SEC. 8407. HEALTHY FORESTS RESERVE PROGRAM REAUTHORIZATION.

    Section 508(b) of the Healthy Forests Restoration Act of 2003 (16 
U.S.C. 6578(b)) is amended--
            (1) in the subsection heading, by striking ``2018'' and 
        inserting ``2023''; and
            (2) by striking ``2018.'' and inserting ``2023.''.

SEC. 8408. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS FOR DESIGNATION OF TREATMENT 
              AREAS.

    Section 602 of the Healthy Forests Restoration Act of 2003 (16 
U.S.C. 6591a) is amended by striking subsection (f).

SEC. 8409. ADMINISTRATIVE REVIEW OF COLLABORATIVE RESTORATION PROJECTS.

    Section 603(c) of the Healthy Forests Restoration Act of 2003 (16 
U.S.C. 6591b(c)) is amended by adding at the end the following:
            ``(4) Extraordinary circumstances.--The Secretary shall 
        apply the extraordinary circumstances procedures under section 
        220.6 of title 36, Code of Federal Regulations (or successor 
        regulations), when using the categorical exclusion under this 
        section.''.

    Subtitle E--Repeal or Reauthorization of Miscellaneous Forestry 
                                Programs

SEC. 8501. REPEAL OF REVISION OF STRATEGIC PLAN FOR FOREST INVENTORY 
              AND ANALYSIS.

    Section 8301 of the Agricultural Act of 2014 (16 U.S.C. 1642 note; 
Public Law 113-79) is repealed.

SEC. 8502. SEMIARID AGROFORESTRY RESEARCH CENTER.

    Section 1243(d) of the Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade 
Act of 1990 (16 U.S.C. 1642 note; Public Law 101-624) is amended by 
striking ``annually'' and inserting ``for each of fiscal years 2019 
through 2023''.

SEC. 8503. NATIONAL FOREST FOUNDATION ACT.

    (a) Matching Funds.--Section 405(b) of the National Forest 
Foundation Act (16 U.S.C. 583j-3(b)) is amended by striking ``2018'' 
and inserting ``2023''.
    (b) Authorization of Appropriations.--Section 410(b) of the 
National Forest Foundation Act (16 U.S.C. 583j-8(b)) is amended by 
striking ``2018'' and inserting ``2023''.

SEC. 8504. CONVEYANCE OF FOREST SERVICE ADMINISTRATIVE SITES.

    Section 503(f) of the Forest Service Facility Realignment and 
Enhancement Act of 2005 (16 U.S.C. 580d note; Public Law 109-54) is 
amended by striking ``2016'' and inserting ``2023''.

                     Subtitle F--Forest Management

SEC. 8601. DEFINITIONS.

    In this subtitle:
            (1) National forest system.--The term ``National Forest 
        System'' has the meaning given the term in section 11(a) of the 
        Forest and Rangeland Renewable Resources Planning Act of 1974 
        (16 U.S.C. 1609(a)).
            (2) Public land.--The term ``public land'' has the meaning 
        given the term ``public lands'' in section 103 of the Federal 
        Land Policy and Management Act of 1976 (43 U.S.C. 1702).

     PART I--EXPEDITED ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS AND AVAILABILITY OF 
    CATEGORICAL EXCLUSIONS TO EXPEDITE FOREST MANAGEMENT ACTIVITIES

SEC. 8611. CATEGORICAL EXCLUSION FOR GREATER SAGE-GROUSE AND MULE DEER 
              HABITAT.

    (a) In General.--Title VI of the Healthy Forests Restoration Act of 
2003 (16 U.S.C. 6591 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the 
following:

``SEC. 606. CATEGORICAL EXCLUSION FOR GREATER SAGE-GROUSE AND MULE DEER 
              HABITAT.

    ``(a) Definitions.--In this section:
            ``(1) Covered vegetation management activity.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The term `covered vegetation 
                management activity' means any activity described in 
                subparagraph (B) that--
                            ``(i)(I) is carried out on National Forest 
                        System land administered by the Forest Service; 
                        or
                            ``(II) is carried out on public land 
                        administered by the Bureau of Land Management;
                            ``(ii) with respect to public land, meets 
                        the objectives of the order of the Secretary of 
                        the Interior numbered 3336 and dated January 5, 
                        2015;
                            ``(iii) conforms to an applicable forest 
                        plan or land use plan;
                            ``(iv) protects, restores, or improves 
                        greater sage-grouse or mule deer habitat in a 
                        sagebrush steppe ecosystem as described in--
                                    ``(I) Circular 1416 of the United 
                                States Geological Survey entitled 
                                `Restoration Handbook for Sagebrush 
                                Steppe Ecosystems with Emphasis on 
                                Greater Sage-Grouse Habitat--Part 1. 
                                Concepts for Understanding and Applying 
                                Restoration' (2015); or
                                    ``(II) the habitat guidelines for 
                                mule deer published by the Mule Deer 
                                Working Group of the Western 
                                Association of Fish and Wildlife 
                                Agencies;
                            ``(v) will not permanently impair--
                                    ``(I) the natural state of the 
                                treated area;
                                    ``(II) outstanding opportunities 
                                for solitude;
                                    ``(III) outstanding opportunities 
                                for primitive, unconfined recreation;
                                    ``(IV) economic opportunities 
                                consistent with multiple-use 
                                management; or
                                    ``(V) the identified values of a 
                                unit of the National Landscape 
                                Conservation System;
                            ``(vi)(I) restores native vegetation 
                        following a natural disturbance;
                            ``(II) prevents the expansion into greater 
                        sage-grouse or mule deer habitat of--
                                    ``(aa) juniper, pinyon pine, or 
                                other associated conifers; or
                                    ``(bb) nonnative or invasive 
                                vegetation;
                            ``(III) reduces the risk of loss of greater 
                        sage-grouse or mule deer habitat from wildfire 
                        or any other natural disturbance; or
                            ``(IV) provides emergency stabilization of 
                        soil resources after a natural disturbance; and
                            ``(vii) provides for the conduct of 
                        restoration treatments that--
                                    ``(I) maximize the retention of 
                                old-growth and large trees, as 
                                appropriate for the forest type;
                                    ``(II) consider the best available 
                                scientific information to maintain or 
                                restore the ecological integrity, 
                                including maintaining or restoring 
                                structure, function, composition, and 
                                connectivity;
                                    ``(III) are developed and 
                                implemented through a collaborative 
                                process that--
                                            ``(aa) includes multiple 
                                        interested persons representing 
                                        diverse interests; and
                                            ``(bb)(AA) is transparent 
                                        and nonexclusive; or
                                            ``(BB) meets the 
                                        requirements for a resource 
                                        advisory committee under 
                                        subsections (c) through (f) of 
                                        section 205 of the Secure Rural 
                                        Schools and Community Self-
                                        Determination Act of 2000 (16 
                                        U.S.C. 7125); and
                                    ``(IV) may include the 
                                implementation of a proposal that 
                                complies with the eligibility 
                                requirements of the Collaborative 
                                Forest Landscape Restoration Program 
                                under section 4003(b) of the Omnibus 
                                Public Land Management Act of 2009 (16 
                                U.S.C. 7303(b)).
                    ``(B) Description of activities.--An activity 
                referred to in subparagraph (A) is--
                            ``(i) manual cutting and removal of juniper 
                        trees, pinyon pine trees, other associated 
                        conifers, or other nonnative or invasive 
                        vegetation;
                            ``(ii) mechanical mastication, cutting, or 
                        mowing, mechanical piling and burning, 
                        chaining, broadcast burning, or yarding;
                            ``(iii) removal of cheat grass, medusa head 
                        rye, or other nonnative, invasive vegetation;
                            ``(iv) collection and seeding or planting 
                        of native vegetation using a manual, 
                        mechanical, or aerial method;
                            ``(v) seeding of nonnative, noninvasive, 
                        ruderal vegetation only for the purpose of 
                        emergency stabilization;
                            ``(vi) targeted use of an herbicide, 
                        subject to the condition that the use shall be 
                        in accordance with applicable legal 
                        requirements, Federal agency procedures, and 
                        land use plans;
                            ``(vii) targeted livestock grazing to 
                        mitigate hazardous fuels and control noxious 
                        and invasive weeds;
                            ``(viii) temporary removal of wild horses 
                        or burros in the area in which the activity is 
                        being carried out to ensure treatment 
                        objectives are met;
                            ``(ix) in coordination with the affected 
                        permit holder, modification or adjustment of 
                        permissible usage under an annual plan of use 
                        of a grazing permit issued by the Secretary 
                        concerned to achieve restoration treatment 
                        objectives;
                            ``(x) installation of new, or modification 
                        of existing, fencing or water sources intended 
                        to control use or improve wildlife habitat; or
                            ``(xi) necessary maintenance of, repairs 
                        to, rehabilitation of, or reconstruction of an 
                        existing permanent road or construction of 
                        temporary roads to accomplish the activities 
                        described in this subparagraph.
                    ``(C) Exclusions.--The term `covered vegetation 
                management activity' does not include--
                            ``(i) any activity conducted in a 
                        wilderness area or wilderness study area;
                            ``(ii) any activity for the construction of 
                        a permanent road or permanent trail;
                            ``(iii) any activity conducted on Federal 
                        land on which, by Act of Congress or 
                        Presidential proclamation, the removal of 
                        vegetation is restricted or prohibited;
                            ``(iv) any activity conducted in an area in 
                        which activities under subparagraph (B) would 
                        be inconsistent with the applicable land and 
                        resource management plan; or
                            ``(v) any activity conducted in an 
                        inventoried roadless area.
            ``(2) Secretary concerned.--The term `Secretary concerned' 
        means--
                    ``(A) the Secretary of Agriculture, with respect to 
                National Forest System land; and
                    ``(B) the Secretary of the Interior, with respect 
                to public land.
            ``(3) Temporary road.--The term `temporary road' means a 
        road that is--
                    ``(A) authorized--
                            ``(i) by a contract, permit, lease, other 
                        written authorization; or
                            ``(ii) pursuant to an emergency operation;
                    ``(B) not intended to be part of the permanent 
                transportation system of a Federal department or 
                agency;
                    ``(C) not necessary for long-term resource 
                management;
                    ``(D) designed in accordance with standards 
                appropriate for the intended use of the road, taking 
                into consideration--
                            ``(i) safety;
                            ``(ii) the cost of transportation; and
                            ``(iii) impacts to land and resources; and
                    ``(E) managed to minimize--
                            ``(i) erosion; and
                            ``(ii) the introduction or spread of 
                        invasive species.
    ``(b) Categorical Exclusion.--
            ``(1) In general.--Not later than 1 year after the date of 
        enactment of this section, the Secretary concerned shall 
        develop a categorical exclusion (as defined in section 1508.4 
        of title 40, Code of Federal Regulations (or a successor 
        regulation)) for covered vegetation management activities 
        carried out to protect, restore, or improve habitat for greater 
        sage-grouse or mule deer.
            ``(2) Administration.--In developing and administering the 
        categorical exclusion under paragraph (1), the Secretary 
        concerned shall--
                    ``(A) comply with the National Environmental Policy 
                Act of 1969 (42 U.S.C. 4321 et seq.);
                    ``(B) with respect to National Forest System land, 
                apply the extraordinary circumstances procedures under 
                section 220.6 of title 36, Code of Federal Regulations 
                (or successor regulations), in determining whether to 
                use the categorical exclusion;
                    ``(C) with respect to public land, apply the 
                extraordinary circumstances procedures under section 
                46.215 of title 43, Code of Federal Regulations (or 
                successor regulations), in determining whether to use 
                the categorical exclusion; and
                    ``(D) consider--
                            ``(i) the relative efficacy of landscape-
                        scale habitat projects;
                            ``(ii) the likelihood of continued declines 
                        in the populations of greater sage-grouse and 
                        mule deer in the absence of landscape-scale 
                        vegetation management; and
                            ``(iii) the need for habitat restoration 
                        activities after wildfire or other natural 
                        disturbances.
    ``(c) Implementation of Covered Vegetative Management Activities 
Within the Range of Greater Sage-grouse and Mule Deer.--If the 
categorical exclusion developed under subsection (b) is used to 
implement a covered vegetative management activity in an area within 
the range of both greater sage-grouse and mule deer, the covered 
vegetative management activity shall protect, restore, or improve 
habitat concurrently for both greater sage-grouse and mule deer.
    ``(d) Long-term Monitoring and Maintenance.--Before commencing any 
covered vegetation management activity that is covered by the 
categorical exclusion under subsection (b), the Secretary concerned 
shall develop a long-term monitoring and maintenance plan, covering at 
least the 20-year period beginning on the date of commencement, to 
ensure that management of the treated area does not degrade the habitat 
gains secured by the covered vegetation management activity.
    ``(e) Disposal of Vegetative Material.--Subject to applicable local 
restrictions, any vegetative material resulting from a covered 
vegetation management activity that is covered by the categorical 
exclusion under subsection (b) may be--
            ``(1) used for--
                    ``(A) fuel wood; or
                    ``(B) other products; or
            ``(2) piled or burned, or both.
    ``(f) Treatment for Temporary Roads.--
            ``(1) In general.--Notwithstanding subsection 
        (a)(1)(B)(xi), any temporary road constructed in carrying out a 
        covered vegetation management activity that is covered by the 
        categorical exclusion under subsection (b)--
                    ``(A) shall be used by the Secretary concerned for 
                the covered vegetation management activity for not more 
                than 2 years; and
                    ``(B) shall be decommissioned by the Secretary 
                concerned not later than 3 years after the earlier of 
                the date on which--
                            ``(i) the temporary road is no longer 
                        needed; and
                            ``(ii) the project is completed.
            ``(2) Requirement.--A treatment under paragraph (1) shall 
        include reestablishing native vegetative cover--
                    ``(A) as soon as practicable; but
                    ``(B) not later than 10 years after the date of 
                completion of the applicable covered vegetation 
                management activity.
    ``(g) Limitations.--
            ``(1) Project size.--A covered vegetation management 
        activity that is covered by the categorical exclusion under 
        subsection (b) may not exceed 3,000 acres.
            ``(2) Location.--A covered vegetation management activity 
        carried out on National Forest System land that is covered by 
        the categorical exclusion under subsection (b) shall be limited 
        to areas designated under section 602(b), as of the date of 
        enactment of this section.''.
    (b) Conforming Amendments.--The table of contents for the Healthy 
Forests Restoration Act of 2003 (16 U.S.C. 6501 note; Public Law 108-
148) is amended by adding at the end of the items relating to title VI 
the following:

``Sec. 602. Designation of treatment areas.
``Sec. 603. Administrative review.
``Sec. 604. Stewardship end result contracting projects.
``Sec. 605. Wildfire resilience projects.
``Sec. 606. Categorical exclusion for greater sage-grouse and mule deer 
                            habitat.''.

          PART II--MISCELLANEOUS FOREST MANAGEMENT ACTIVITIES

SEC. 8621. ADDITIONAL AUTHORITY FOR SALE OR EXCHANGE OF SMALL PARCELS 
              OF NATIONAL FOREST SYSTEM LAND.

    (a) Increase in Maximum Value of Small Parcels.--Section 3 of 
Public Law 97-465 (commonly known as the ``Small Tract Act of 1983'') 
(16 U.S.C. 521e) is amended in the matter preceding paragraph (1) by 
striking ``$150,000'' and inserting ``$500,000''.
    (b) Additional Conveyance Purposes.--Section 3 of Public Law 97-465 
(16 U.S.C. 521e) (as amended by subsection (a)) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (2), by striking ``; or'' and inserting a 
        semicolon;
            (2) in paragraph (3), by striking the period at the end and 
        inserting a semicolon; and
            (3) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(4) parcels of 40 acres or less that are determined by 
        the Secretary--
                    ``(A) to be physically isolated from other Federal 
                land;
                    ``(B) to be inaccessible; or
                    ``(C) to have lost National Forest character;
            ``(5) parcels of 10 acres or less that are not eligible for 
        conveyance under paragraph (2) but are encroached on by a 
        permanent habitable improvement for which there is no evidence 
        that the encroachment was intentional or negligent; or
            ``(6) parcels used as a cemetery (including a parcel of not 
        more than 1 acre adjacent to the parcel used as a cemetery), a 
        landfill, or a sewage treatment plant under a special use 
        authorization issued or otherwise authorized by the 
        Secretary.''.
    (c) Disposition of Proceeds.--Section 2 of Public Law 97-465 (16 
U.S.C. 521d) is amended--
            (1) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), by striking 
        ``The Secretary is authorized'' and inserting the following:
    ``(a) Conveyance Authority; Consideration.--The Secretary is 
authorized'';
            (2) in paragraph (2), in the second sentence, by striking 
        ``The Secretary shall insert'' and inserting the following:
    ``(b) Inclusion of Terms, Covenants, Conditions, and 
Reservations.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall insert'';
            (3) in subsection (b) (as so designated)--
                    (A) by striking ``convenants'' and inserting 
                ``covenants''; and
                    (B) in the second sentence by striking ``The 
                preceding sentence shall not'' and inserting the 
                following:
            ``(2) Limitation.--Paragraph (1) shall not''; and
            (4) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(c) Disposition of Proceeds.--
            ``(1) Deposit in sisk fund.--The net proceeds derived from 
        any sale or exchange conducted under paragraph (4), (5), or (6) 
        of section 3 shall be deposited in the fund established under 
        Public Law 90-171 (commonly known as the `Sisk Act') (16 U.S.C. 
        484a).
            ``(2) Use.--Amounts deposited under paragraph (1) shall be 
        available to the Secretary until expended for--
                    ``(A) the acquisition of land or interests in land 
                for administrative sites for the National Forest System 
                in the State from which the amounts were derived;
                    ``(B) the acquisition of land or interests in land 
                for inclusion in the National Forest System in that 
                State, including land or interests in land that enhance 
                opportunities for recreational access; or
                    ``(C) the reimbursement of the Secretary for costs 
                incurred in preparing a sale conducted under the 
                authority of section 3 if the sale is a competitive 
                sale.''.

SEC. 8622. FOREST SERVICE PARTICIPATION IN ACES PROGRAM.

    Section 8302 of the Agricultural Act of 2014 (16 U.S.C. 3851a) is 
amended--
            (1) by striking ``The Secretary'' and inserting the 
        following:
    ``(a) In General.--The Secretary''; and
            (2) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(b) Termination of Effectiveness.--The authority provided to the 
Secretary to carry out this section terminates effective October 1, 
2023.''.

SEC. 8623. AUTHORIZATION FOR LEASE OF FOREST SERVICE SITES.

    (a) Definitions.--In this section:
            (1) Administrative site.--
                    (A) In general.--The term ``administrative site'' 
                means--
                            (i) any facility or improvement, including 
                        curtilage, that was acquired or is used 
                        specifically for purposes of administration of 
                        the National Forest System;
                            (ii) any Federal land that--
                                    (I) is associated with a facility 
                                or improvement described in clause (i) 
                                that was acquired or is used 
                                specifically for purposes of 
                                administration of Forest Service 
                                activities; and
                                    (II) underlies or abuts the 
                                facility or improvement; and
                            (iii) for each fiscal year, not more than 
                        10 isolated, undeveloped parcels of not more 
                        than 40 acres each.
                    (B) Exclusions.--The term ``administrative site'' 
                does not include--
                            (i) any land within a unit of the National 
                        Forest System that is exclusively designated 
                        for natural area or recreational purposes;
                            (ii) any land within--
                                    (I) a component of the National 
                                Wilderness Preservation System;
                                    (II) a component of the National 
                                Wild and Scenic Rivers System; or
                                    (III) a National Monument; or
                            (iii) any Federal land that the Secretary 
                        determines--
                                    (I) is needed for resource 
                                management purposes or to provide 
                                access to other land or water; or
                                    (II) would be in the public 
                                interest not to lease.
            (2) Facility or improvement.--The term ``facility or 
        improvement'' includes--
                    (A) a forest headquarters;
                    (B) a ranger station;
                    (C) a research station or laboratory;
                    (D) a dwelling;
                    (E) a warehouse;
                    (F) a scaling station;
                    (G) a fire-retardant mixing station;
                    (H) a fire-lookout station;
                    (I) a guard station;
                    (J) a storage facility;
                    (K) a telecommunication facility; and
                    (L) any other administrative installation for 
                conducting Forest Service activities.
            (3) Market analysis.--The term ``market analysis'' means 
        the identification and study of the market for a particular 
        economic good or service.
    (b) Authorization.--The Secretary may lease an administrative site 
that is under the jurisdiction of the Secretary in accordance with this 
section.
    (c) Identification of Eligible Sites.--A regional forester, in 
consultation with forest supervisors in the region, may submit to the 
Secretary a recommendation for administrative sites in the region that 
the regional forester considers eligible for leasing under this 
section.
    (d) Consultation With Local Government and Public Notice.--Before 
making an administrative site available for lease under this section, 
the Secretary shall--
            (1) consult with government officials of the community and 
        of the State in which the administrative site is located; and
            (2) provide public notice of the proposed lease.
    (e) Lease Requirements.--
            (1) Size.--An administrative site or compound of 
        administrative sites under a single lease under this section 
        may not exceed 40 acres.
            (2) Configuration of administrative sites.--
                    (A) In general.--To facilitate the lease of an 
                administrative site under this section, the Secretary 
                may configure the administrative site--
                            (i) to maximize the marketability of the 
                        administrative site; and
                            (ii) to achieve management objectives.
                    (B) Separate treatment of facility or 
                improvement.--A facility or improvement on an 
                administrative site to be leased under this section may 
                be severed from the land and leased under a separate 
                lease under this section.
            (3) Consideration.--
                    (A) In general.--A person to which a lease of an 
                administrative site is made under this section shall 
                provide to the Secretary consideration described in 
                subparagraph (B) in an amount that is not less than the 
                market value of the administrative site, as determined 
                in accordance with subparagraph (C).
                    (B) Form of consideration.--The consideration 
                referred to in subparagraph (A) may be--
                            (i) cash;
                            (ii) in-kind, including--
                                    (I) the construction of new 
                                facilities or improvements, the title 
                                to which shall be transferred by the 
                                lessee to the Secretary;
                                    (II) the maintenance, repair, 
                                improvement, or restoration of existing 
                                facilities or improvements; and
                                    (III) other services relating to 
                                activities that occur on the 
                                administrative site, as determined by 
                                the Secretary; or
                            (iii) any combination of the consideration 
                        described in clauses (i) and (ii).
                    (C) Determination of market value.--
                            (i) In general.--The Secretary shall 
                        determine the market value of an administrative 
                        site to be leased under this section--
                                    (I) by conducting an appraisal in 
                                accordance with--
                                            (aa) the Uniform Appraisal 
                                        Standards for Federal Land 
                                        Acquisitions established in 
                                        accordance with the Uniform 
                                        Relocation Assistance and Real 
                                        Property Acquisition Policies 
                                        Act of 1970 (42 U.S.C. 4601 et 
                                        seq.); and
                                            (bb) the Uniform Standards 
                                        of Professional Appraisal 
                                        Practice; or
                                    (II) by competitive lease.
                            (ii) In-kind consideration.--The Secretary 
                        shall determine the market value of any in-kind 
                        consideration under subparagraph (B)(ii).
            (4) Conditions.--The lease of an administrative site under 
        this section shall be subject to such conditions, including 
        bonding, as the Secretary determines to be appropriate.
            (5) Right of first refusal.--Subject to terms and 
        conditions that the Secretary determines to be necessary, the 
        Secretary shall offer to lease an administrative site to the 
        municipality or county in which the administrative site is 
        located before seeking to lease the administrative site to any 
        other person.
    (f) Relation to Other Laws.--
            (1) Federal property disposal.--Chapter 5 of title 40, 
        United States Code, shall not apply to the lease of an 
        administrative site under this section.
            (2) Lead-based paint and asbestos abatement.--
                    (A) In general.--Notwithstanding any provision of 
                law relating to the mitigation or abatement of lead-
                based paint or asbestos-containing building materials, 
                the Secretary shall not be required to mitigate or 
                abate lead-based paint or asbestos-containing building 
                materials with respect to an administrative site to be 
                leased under this section.
                    (B) Procedures.--With respect to an administrative 
                site to be leased under this section that has lead-
                based paint or asbestos-containing building materials, 
                the Secretary shall--
                            (i) provide notice to the person to which 
                        the administrative site will be leased of the 
                        presence of the lead-based paint or asbestos-
                        containing building material; and
                            (ii) obtain written assurance from that 
                        person that the person will comply with 
                        applicable Federal, State, and local laws 
                        relating to the management of lead-based paint 
                        and asbestos-containing building materials.
            (3) Environmental review.--The National Environmental 
        Policy Act of 1969 (42 U.S.C. 4321 et seq.) shall apply to the 
        lease of an administrative site under this section, except 
        that, in any environmental review or analysis required under 
        that Act for the lease of an administrative site under this 
        section, the Secretary shall be required only--
                    (A) to analyze the most reasonably foreseeable use 
                of the administrative site, as determined through a 
                market analysis;
                    (B) to determine whether to include any conditions 
                under subsection (e)(4); and
                    (C) to evaluate the alternative of not leasing the 
                administrative site in accordance with the National 
                Environmental Policy Act of 1969 (42 U.S.C. 4321 et 
                seq.).
            (4) Compliance with local laws.--A person that leases an 
        administrative site under this section shall comply with all 
        applicable State and local zoning laws, building codes, and 
        permit requirements for any construction activities that occur 
        on the administrative site.
    (g) Use of Consideration.--Cash consideration for a lease of an 
administrative site under this section shall be available to the 
Secretary, until expended and without further appropriation, to pay--
            (1) any necessary and incidental costs incurred by the 
        Secretary in connection with--
                    (A) the acquisition, improvement, maintenance, 
                reconstruction, or construction of a facility or 
                improvement for the National Forest System; and
                    (B) the lease of an administrative site under this 
                section; and
            (2) reasonable commissions or fees for brokerage services 
        obtained in connection with the lease, subject to the 
        conditions that the Secretary--
                    (A) determines that the services are in the public 
                interest; and
                    (B) shall provide public notice of any brokerage 
                services contract entered into in connection with a 
                lease under this section.
    (h) Congressional Notifications.--
            (1) Anticipated use of authority.--As part of the annual 
        budget justification documents provided to the Committee on 
        Appropriations of the House of Representatives and the 
        Committee on Appropriations of the Senate, the Secretary shall 
        include--
                    (A) a list of the anticipated leases to be made, 
                including the anticipated revenue that may be obtained, 
                under this section;
                    (B) a description of the intended use of any 
                revenue obtained under a lease under this section, 
                including a list of any projects that cost more than 
                $500,000; and
                    (C) a description of accomplishments during 
                previous years using the authority of the Secretary 
                under this section.
            (2) Changes to lease list.--If the Secretary desires to 
        lease an administrative site under this section that is not 
        included on a list provided under paragraph (1)(A), the 
        Secretary shall submit to the congressional committees 
        described in paragraph (3) a notice of the proposed lease, 
        including the anticipated revenue that may be obtained from the 
        lease.
            (3) Use of authority.--Not less frequently than once each 
        year, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on 
        Agriculture, the Committee on Appropriations, and the Committee 
        on Natural Resources of the House of Representatives and the 
        Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry, the 
        Committee on Appropriations, and the Committee on Energy and 
        Natural Resources of the Senate a report describing each lease 
        made by the Secretary under this section during the period 
        covered by the report.
    (i) Expiration of Authority.--
            (1) In general.--The authority of the Secretary to make a 
        lease of an administrative site under this section expires on 
        October 1, 2023.
            (2) Effect on lease agreement.--Paragraph (1) shall not 
        affect the authority of the Secretary to carry out this section 
        in the case of any lease agreement that was entered into by the 
        Secretary before October 1, 2023.

SEC. 8624. GOOD NEIGHBOR AUTHORITY.

    (a) Inclusion of Indian Tribes.--Section 8206(a) of the 
Agricultural Act of 2014 (16 U.S.C. 2113a(a)) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (1)(A), by striking ``land and non-Federal 
        land'' and inserting ``land, non-Federal land, and land owned 
        by an Indian tribe'';
            (2) in paragraph (5), by inserting ``or Indian tribe'' 
        after ``affected State'';
            (3) by redesignating paragraphs (6) and (7) as paragraphs 
        (7) and (8), respectively; and
            (4) by inserting after paragraph (5) (as so redesignated) 
        the following:
            ``(6) Indian tribe.--The term `Indian tribe' has the 
        meaning given the term in section 4 of the Indian Self-
        Determination and Education Assistance Act (25 U.S.C. 5304).''.
    (b) Inclusion of Counties.--Section 8206 of the Agricultural Act of 
2014 (16 U.S.C. 2113a) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a)--
                    (A) in paragraph (1)(B), by inserting ``or county, 
                as applicable,'' after ``Governor'';
                    (B) by redesignating paragraphs (2) through (9) (as 
                amended by subsection (a)) as paragraphs (3) through 
                (10), respectively;
                    (C) by inserting after paragraph (1) the following:
            ``(2) County.--The term `county' means--
                    ``(A) the appropriate executive official of an 
                affected county; or
                    ``(B) in any case in which multiple counties are 
                affected, the appropriate executive official of a 
                compact of the affected counties.''; and
                    (D) in paragraph (5) (as so redesignated), by 
                inserting ``or county, as applicable,'' after 
                ``Governor''; and
            (2) in subsection (b)--
                    (A) in paragraph (1)(A), by inserting ``or county'' 
                after ``Governor'';
                    (B) in paragraph (2)(A), by striking ``cooperative 
                agreement or contract entered into under subsection 
                (a)'' and inserting ``good neighbor agreement'';
                    (C) in paragraph (3), by inserting ``or county'' 
                after ``Governor''; and
                    (D) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(4) Receipts.--Notwithstanding any other provision of 
        law, any payment made by a county to the Secretary under a 
        project conducted under a good neighbor agreement shall not be 
        considered to be monies received from National Forest System 
        land or Bureau of Land Management land, as applicable.''.

SEC. 8625. WILDLAND-URBAN INTERFACE.

    To the maximum extent practicable, the Secretary shall prioritize 
the expenditure of hazardous fuels funding for projects within the 
wildland-urban interface (as defined in section 101 of the Healthy 
Forests Restoration Act of 2003 (16 U.S.C. 6511)).

SEC. 8626. CHATTAHOOCHEE-OCONEE NATIONAL FOREST LAND ADJUSTMENT.

    (a) Findings.--Congress finds that--
            (1) certain National Forest System land in the State of 
        Georgia consists of isolated tracts that are inefficient to 
        manage or have lost their principal value for National Forest 
        purposes;
            (2) the disposal of that National Forest System land would 
        be in the public interest; and
            (3) proceeds from the sale of National Forest System land 
        under subsection (b)(1) would be used best by the Forest 
        Service to purchase land for National Forest purposes in the 
        State of Georgia.
    (b) Land Conveyance Authority.--
            (1) In general.--Under such terms and conditions as the 
        Secretary may prescribe, the Secretary may sell or exchange any 
        or all rights, title, and interest of the United States in and 
        to the National Forest System land described in paragraph 
        (2)(A).
            (2) Land authorized for disposal.--
                    (A) In general.--The National Forest System land 
                referred to in paragraph (1) is the 30 tracts of land 
                totaling approximately 3,841 acres that are generally 
                depicted on the 2 maps entitled ``Priority Land 
                Adjustments, State of Georgia, U.S. Forest Service-
                Southern Region, Oconee and Chattahoochee National 
                Forests, U.S. Congressional Districts-8, 9, 10 & 14'' 
                and dated September 24, 2013.
                    (B) Maps.--The maps described in subparagraph (A) 
                shall be on file and available for public inspection in 
                the Office of the Forest Supervisor, Chattahoochee-
                Oconee National Forest, until such time as the land is 
                sold or exchanged.
                    (C) Modification of boundaries.--The Secretary may 
                modify the boundaries of the National Forest System 
                land described in subparagraph (A) based on land 
                management considerations.
            (3) Form of conveyance.--
                    (A) Quitclaim deed.--The Secretary shall convey 
                National Forest System land sold or exchanged under 
                paragraph (1) by quitclaim deed.
                    (B) Reservations.--The Secretary may reserve any 
                rights-of-way or other rights or interests in National 
                Forest System land sold or exchanged under paragraph 
                (1) that the Secretary considers necessary for 
                management purposes or to protect the public interest.
            (4) Valuation.--
                    (A) Market value.--The Secretary may not sell or 
                exchange National Forest System land under paragraph 
                (1) for less than market value, as determined by 
                appraisal or through competitive bid.
                    (B) Appraisal requirements.--Any appraisal under 
                subparagraph (A) shall be--
                            (i) consistent with the Uniform Appraisal 
                        Standards for Federal Land Acquisitions or the 
                        Uniform Standards of Professional Appraisal 
                        Practice; and
                            (ii) subject to the approval of the 
                        Secretary.
            (5) Consideration.--
                    (A) Cash.--Consideration for a sale of National 
                Forest System land or equalization of an exchange under 
                paragraph (1) shall be paid in cash.
                    (B) Exchange.--Notwithstanding section 206(b) of 
                the Federal Land Policy and Management Act of 1976 (43 
                U.S.C. 1716(b)), the Secretary may accept a cash 
                equalization payment in excess of 25 percent of the 
                value of any National Forest System land exchanged 
                under paragraph (1).
            (6) Method of sale.--
                    (A) Options.--The Secretary may sell National 
                Forest System land under paragraph (1) at public or 
                private sale, including competitive sale by auction, 
                bid, or otherwise, in accordance with such terms, 
                conditions, and procedures as the Secretary determines 
                are in the best interest of the United States.
                    (B) Solicitations.--The Secretary may--
                            (i) make public or private solicitations 
                        for the sale or exchange of National Forest 
                        System land under paragraph (1); and
                            (ii) reject any offer that the Secretary 
                        determines is not adequate or not in the public 
                        interest.
            (7) Brokers.--The Secretary may--
                    (A) use brokers or other third parties in the sale 
                or exchange of National Forest System land under 
                paragraph (1); and
                    (B) from the proceeds of a sale, pay reasonable 
                commissions or fees.
    (c) Treatment of Proceeds.--
            (1) Deposit.--Subject to subsection (b)(7)(B), the 
        Secretary shall deposit the proceeds of a sale or a cash 
        equalization payment received from the sale or exchange of 
        National Forest System land under subsection (b)(1) in the fund 
        established under Public Law 90-171 (commonly known as the 
        ``Sisk Act'') (16 U.S.C. 484a).
            (2) Availability.--Subject to paragraph (3), amounts 
        deposited under paragraph (1) shall be available to the 
        Secretary until expended, without further appropriation, for 
        the acquisition of land for National Forest purposes in the 
        State of Georgia.
            (3) Private property protection.--Nothing in this section 
        authorizes the use of funds deposited under paragraph (1) to be 
        used to acquire land without the written consent of the owner 
        of the land.

SEC. 8627. TENNESSEE WILDERNESS.

    (a) Definitions.--In this section:
            (1) Map.--The term ``Map'' means the map entitled 
        ``Proposed Wilderness Areas and Additions-Cherokee National 
        Forest'' and dated January 20, 2010.
            (2) State.--The term ``State'' means the State of 
        Tennessee.
    (b) Additions to Cherokee National Forest.--
            (1) Designation of wilderness.--In accordance with the 
        Wilderness Act (16 U.S.C. 1131 et seq.), the following parcels 
        of Federal land in the Cherokee National Forest in the State 
        are designated as wilderness and as additions to the National 
        Wilderness Preservation System:
                    (A) Certain land comprising approximately 9,038 
                acres, as generally depicted as the ``Upper Bald River 
                Wilderness'' on the Map and which shall be known as the 
                ``Upper Bald River Wilderness''.
                    (B) Certain land comprising approximately 348 
                acres, as generally depicted as the ``Big Frog 
                Addition'' on the Map and which shall be incorporated 
                in, and shall be considered to be a part of, the Big 
                Frog Wilderness.
                    (C) Certain land comprising approximately 630 
                acres, as generally depicted as the ``Little Frog 
                Mountain Addition NW'' on the Map and which shall be 
                incorporated in, and shall be considered to be a part 
                of, the Little Frog Mountain Wilderness.
                    (D) Certain land comprising approximately 336 
                acres, as generally depicted as the ``Little Frog 
                Mountain Addition NE'' on the Map and which shall be 
                incorporated in, and shall be considered to be a part 
                of, the Little Frog Mountain Wilderness.
                    (E) Certain land comprising approximately 2,922 
                acres, as generally depicted as the ``Sampson Mountain 
                Addition'' on the Map and which shall be incorporated 
                in, and shall be considered to be a part of, the 
                Sampson Mountain Wilderness.
                    (F) Certain land comprising approximately 4,446 
                acres, as generally depicted as the ``Big Laurel Branch 
                Addition'' on the Map and which shall be incorporated 
                in, and shall be considered to be a part of, the Big 
                Laurel Branch Wilderness.
                    (G) Certain land comprising approximately 1,836 
                acres, as generally depicted as the ``Joyce Kilmer-
                Slickrock Addition'' on the Map and which shall be 
                incorporated in, and shall be considered to be a part 
                of, the Joyce Kilmer-Slickrock Wilderness.
            (2) Maps and legal descriptions.--
                    (A) In general.--As soon as practicable after the 
                date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall file 
                maps and legal descriptions of the wilderness areas 
                designated by paragraph (1) with the appropriate 
                committees of Congress.
                    (B) Public availability.--The maps and legal 
                descriptions filed under subparagraph (A) shall be on 
                file and available for public inspection in the office 
                of the Chief of the Forest Service and the office of 
                the Supervisor of the Cherokee National Forest.
                    (C) Force of law.--The maps and legal descriptions 
                filed under subparagraph (A) shall have the same force 
                and effect as if included in this Act, except that the 
                Secretary may correct typographical errors in the maps 
                and descriptions.
            (3) Administration.--
                    (A) In general.--Subject to valid existing rights, 
                the Federal land designated as wilderness by paragraph 
                (1) shall be administered by the Secretary in 
                accordance with the Wilderness Act (16 U.S.C. 1131 et 
                seq.), except that any reference in that Act to the 
                effective date of that Act shall be deemed to be a 
                reference to the date of enactment of this Act.
                    (B) Fish and wildlife management.--In accordance 
                with section 4(d)(7) of the Wilderness Act (16 U.S.C. 
                1133(d)(7)), nothing in this section affects the 
                jurisdiction of the State with respect to fish and 
                wildlife management, including the regulation of 
                hunting, fishing, and trapping, in the wilderness areas 
                designated by paragraph (1).

SEC. 8628. ADDITIONS TO ROUGH MOUNTAIN AND RICH HOLE WILDERNESSES.

    (a) Rough Mountain Addition.--Section 1 of Public Law 100-326 (16 
U.S.C. 1132 note; 102 Stat. 584; 114 Stat. 2057; 123 Stat. 1002) is 
amended by adding at the end the following:
            ``(21) Rough mountain addition.--Certain land in the George 
        Washington National Forest comprising approximately 1,000 
        acres, as generally depicted as the `Rough Mountain Addition' 
        on the map entitled `GEORGE WASHINGTON NATIONAL FOREST - South 
        half - Alternative I - Selected Alternative Management 
        Prescriptions - Land and Resources Management Plan Final 
        Environmental Impact Statement' and dated March 4, 2014, which 
        is incorporated in the Rough Mountain Wilderness Area 
        designated by paragraph (1).''.
    (b) Rich Hole Addition.--
            (1) Potential wilderness designation.--In furtherance of 
        the purposes of the Wilderness Act (16 U.S.C. 1131 et seq.), 
        certain land in the George Washington National Forest 
        comprising approximately 4,600 acres, as generally depicted as 
        the ``Rich Hole Addition'' on the map entitled ``GEORGE 
        WASHINGTON NATIONAL FOREST - South half - Alternative I - 
        Selected Alternative Management Prescriptions - Land and 
        Resources Management Plan Final Environmental Impact 
        Statement'' and dated March 4, 2014, is designated as a 
        potential wilderness area for incorporation in the Rich Hole 
        Wilderness Area designated by section 1(2) of Public Law 100-
        326 (16 U.S.C. 1132 note; 102 Stat. 584; 114 Stat. 2057; 123 
        Stat. 1002).
            (2) Wilderness designation.--The potential wilderness area 
        designated by paragraph (1) shall be designated as wilderness 
        and incorporated in the Rich Hole Wilderness Area designated by 
        section 1(2) of Public Law 100-326 (16 U.S.C. 1132 note; 102 
        Stat. 584; 114 Stat. 2057; 123 Stat. 1002) on the earlier of--
                    (A) the date on which the Secretary publishes in 
                the Federal Register notice that the activities 
                permitted under paragraph (4) have been completed; or
                    (B) the date that is 5 years after the date of 
                enactment of this Act.
            (3) Management.--Except as provided in paragraph (4), the 
        Secretary shall manage the potential wilderness area designated 
        by paragraph (1) in accordance with the Wilderness Act (16 
        U.S.C. 1131 et seq.).
            (4) Water quality improvement activities.--
                    (A) In general.--To enhance natural ecosystems 
                within the potential wilderness area designated by 
                paragraph (1) by implementing certain activities to 
                improve water quality and aquatic passage, as set forth 
                in the Forest Service document entitled ``Decision 
                Notice for the Lower Cowpasture Restoration and 
                Management Project'' and dated December 2015, the 
                Secretary may use motorized equipment and mechanized 
                transport in the potential wilderness area until the 
                date on which the potential wilderness area is 
                incorporated into the Rich Hole Wilderness Area under 
                paragraph (2).
                    (B) Requirement.--In carrying out subparagraph (A), 
                the Secretary, to the maximum extent practicable, shall 
                use the minimum tool or administrative practice 
                necessary to carry out that subparagraph with the least 
                amount of adverse impact on wilderness character and 
                resources.

SEC. 8629. KISATCHIE NATIONAL FOREST LAND CONVEYANCE.

    (a) Finding.--Congress finds that it is in the public interest to 
authorize the conveyance of certain Federal land in the Kisatchie 
National Forest in the State of Louisiana for market value 
consideration.
    (b) Definitions.--In this section:
            (1) Collins camp properties.--The term ``Collins Camp 
        Properties'' means Collins Camp Properties, Inc., a corporation 
        incorporated under the laws of the State.
            (2) State.--The term ``State'' means the State of 
        Louisiana.
    (c) Authorization of Conveyances, Kisatchie National Forest, 
Louisiana.--
            (1) Authorization.--
                    (A) In general.--Subject to valid existing rights 
                and paragraph (2), the Secretary may convey the Federal 
                land described in subparagraph (B) by quitclaim deed at 
                public or private sale, including competitive sale by 
                auction, bid, or other methods.
                    (B) Description of land.--The Federal land referred 
                to in subparagraph (A) consists of--
                            (i) all Federal land within sec. 9, T. 10 
                        N., R. 5 W., Winn Parish, Louisiana; and
                            (ii) a 2.16-acre parcel of Federal land 
                        located in the SW\1/4\ of sec. 4, T. 10 N., R. 
                        5 W., Winn Parish, Louisiana, as depicted on a 
                        certificate of survey dated March 7, 2007, by 
                        Glen L. Cannon, P.L.S. 4436.
            (2) First right of purchase.--Subject to valid existing 
        rights and subsection (e), during the 1-year period beginning 
        on the date of enactment of this Act, on the provision of 
        consideration by the Collins Camp Properties to the Secretary, 
        the Secretary shall convey, by quitclaim deed, to Collins Camp 
        Properties all right, title, and interest of the United States 
        in and to--
                    (A) the not more than 47.92 acres of Federal land 
                comprising the Collins Campsites within sec. 9, T. 10 
                N., R. 5 W., in Winn Parish, Louisiana, as generally 
                depicted on a certificate of survey dated February 28, 
                2007, by Glen L. Cannon, P.L.S. 4436; and
                    (B) the parcel of Federal land described in 
                paragraph (1)(B)(ii).
            (3) Terms and conditions.--The Secretary may--
                    (A) configure the Federal land to be conveyed under 
                this section--
                            (i) to maximize the marketability of the 
                        conveyance; or
                            (ii) to achieve management objectives; and
                    (B) establish any terms and conditions for the 
                conveyances under this section that the Secretary 
                determines to be in the public interest.
            (4) Consideration.--Consideration for a conveyance of 
        Federal land under this section shall be--
                    (A) in the form of cash; and
                    (B) in an amount equal to the market value of the 
                Federal land being conveyed, as determined under 
                paragraph (5).
            (5) Market value.--The market value of the Federal land 
        conveyed under this section shall be determined--
                    (A) in the case of Federal land conveyed under 
                paragraph (2), by an appraisal that is--
                            (i) conducted in accordance with the 
                        Uniform Appraisal Standards for Federal Land 
                        Acquisitions; and
                            (ii) approved by the Secretary; or
                    (B) if conveyed by a method other than the methods 
                described in paragraph (2), by competitive sale.
            (6) Hazardous substances.--
                    (A) In general.--In any conveyance of Federal land 
                under this section, the Secretary shall meet disclosure 
                requirements for hazardous substances, but shall 
                otherwise not be required to remediate or abate the 
                substances.
                    (B) Effect.--Except as provided in subparagraph 
                (A), nothing in this subsection affects the application 
                of the Comprehensive Environmental Response, 
                Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980 (42 U.S.C. 9601 
                et seq.) to the conveyances of Federal land.
    (d) Proceeds From the Sale of Land.--The Secretary shall deposit 
the proceeds of a conveyance of Federal land under subsection (c) in 
the fund established under Public Law 90-171 (commonly known as the 
``Sisk Act'') (16 U.S.C. 484a).
    (e) Administration.--
            (1) Costs.--As a condition of a conveyance of Federal land 
        to Collins Camp Properties under subsection (c), the Secretary 
        shall require Collins Camp Properties to pay at closing--
                    (A) reasonable appraisal costs; and
                    (B) the cost of any administrative and 
                environmental analyses required by law (including 
                regulations).
            (2) Permits.--
                    (A) In general.--An offer by Collins Camp 
                Properties for the acquisition of the Federal land 
                under subsection (c) shall be accompanied by a written 
                statement from each holder of a Forest Service special 
                use authorization with respect to the Federal land that 
                specifies that the holder agrees to relinquish the 
                special use authorization on the conveyance of the 
                Federal land to Collins Camp Properties.
                    (B) Special use authorizations.--If any holder of a 
                special use authorization described in subparagraph (A) 
                fails to provide a written authorization in accordance 
                with that subparagraph, the Secretary shall require, as 
                a condition of the conveyance, that Collins Camp 
                Properties administer the special use authorization 
                according to the terms of the special use authorization 
                until the date on which the special use authorization 
                expires.

SEC. 8630. PURCHASE OF NATURAL RESOURCES CONSERVATION SERVICE PROPERTY, 
              RIVERSIDE COUNTY, CALIFORNIA.

    (a) Findings.--Congress finds as follows:
            (1) Since 1935, the United States has owned a parcel of 
        land in Riverside, California, consisting of approximately 8.75 
        acres, more specifically described in subsection (b)(1) (in 
        this section referred to as the ``property'').
            (2) The property is under the jurisdiction of the 
        Department of Agriculture and has been variously used for 
        research and plant materials purposes.
            (3) Since 1998, the property has been administered by the 
        Natural Resources Conservation Service of the Department of 
        Agriculture.
            (4) Since 2002, the property has been co-managed under a 
        cooperative agreement between the Natural Resources 
        Conservation Service and the Riverside Corona Resource 
        Conservation District, which is a legal subdivision of the 
        State of California under section 9003 of the California Public 
        Resources Code.
            (5) The Conservation District wishes to purchase the 
        property and use it for conservation, environmental, and 
        related educational purposes.
            (6) As provided in subsection (b), the purchase of the 
        property by the Conservation District would promote the 
        conservation education and related activities of the 
        Conservation District and result in savings to the Federal 
        Government.
    (b) Land Purchase, Natural Resources Conservation Service Property, 
Riverside County, California.--
            (1) Purchase authorized.--The Secretary shall sell and 
        quitclaim to the Riverside Corona Resource Conservation 
        District (in this section referred to as the ``Conservation 
        District'') all right, title, and interest of the United States 
        in and to a parcel of real property, including improvements 
        thereon, that is located at 4500 Glenwood Drive in Riverside, 
        California, consists of approximately 8.75 acres, and is 
        administered by the Natural Resources Conservation Service of 
        the Department of Agriculture. As necessary or desirable to 
        facilitate the purchase of the property under this subsection, 
        the Secretary or the Conservation District may survey all or 
        portions of the property.
            (2) Consideration.--As consideration for the purchase of 
        the property under this subsection, the Conservation District 
        shall pay to the Secretary an amount equal to the appraised 
        value of the property.
            (3) Prohibition on reservation of interest.--The Secretary 
        shall not reserve any future interest in the property to be 
        conveyed under this subsection, except such interest as may be 
        acceptable to the Conservation District.
            (4) Hazardous substances.--Notwithstanding section 120(h) 
        of the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and 
        Liability Act of 1980 (42 U.S.C. 9620(h)) or the Solid Waste 
        Disposal Act (42 U.S.C. 6901 et seq.), in the case of the 
        property purchased by the Conservation District under this 
        subsection, the Secretary shall be only required to meet the 
        disclosure requirements for hazardous substances, pollutants, 
        or contaminants, but shall otherwise not be required to 
        remediate or abate any such releases of hazardous substances, 
        pollutants, or contaminants, including petroleum and petroleum 
        derivatives.
            (5) Cooperative authority.--
                    (A) Leases, contracts, and cooperative agreements 
                authorized.--In conjunction with, or in addition to, 
                the purchase of the property by the Conservation 
                District under this subsection, the Secretary may enter 
                into leases, contracts and cooperative agreements with 
                the Conservation District.
                    (B) Sole source.--Notwithstanding sections 3105, 
                3301, and 3303 to 3305 of title 41, United States Code, 
                or any other provision of law, the Secretary may lease 
                real property from the Conservation District on a 
                noncompetitive basis.
                    (C) Non-exclusive authority.--The authority 
                provided by this subsection is in addition to any other 
                authority of the Secretary.

SEC. 8631. COLLABORATIVE FOREST LANDSCAPE RESTORATION PROGRAM.

    (a) Reauthorization.--Section 4003(f)(6) of the Omnibus Public Land 
Management Act of 2009 (16 U.S.C. 7303(f)(6)) is amended by striking 
``$40,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2009 through 2019'' and 
inserting ``$80,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2019 through 2023''.
    (b) Reporting Requirements.--Section 4003(h) of the Omnibus Public 
Land Management Act of 2009 (16 U.S.C. 7303(h)) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (3), by striking ``and'' after the 
        semicolon;
            (2) in paragraph (4), by striking the period at the end and 
        inserting ``; and'';
            (3) by redesignating paragraphs (3) and (4) as paragraphs 
        (4) and (5), respectively;
            (4) by inserting after paragraph (2) the following:
            ``(3) the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry 
        of the Senate;''; and
            (5) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(6) the Committee on Agriculture of the House of 
        Representatives.''.

SEC. 8632. UTILITY INFRASTRUCTURE RIGHTS-OF-WAY VEGETATION MANAGEMENT 
              PILOT PROGRAM.

    (a) Definitions.--In this section:
            (1) National forest system land.--
                    (A) In general.--The term ``National Forest System 
                land'' means land within the National Forest System, as 
                defined in section 11(a) of the Forest and Rangeland 
                Renewable Resources Planning Act of 1974 (16 U.S.C. 
                1609(a)).
                    (B) Exclusions.--The term ``National Forest System 
                land'' does not include--
                            (i) a National Grassland; or
                            (ii) a land utilization project on land 
                        designated as a National Grassland and 
                        administered pursuant to sections 31, 32, and 
                        33 of the Bankhead-Jones Farm Tenant Act (7 
                        U.S.C. 1010, 1011, 1012).
            (2) Passing wildfire.--The term ``passing wildfire'' means 
        a wildfire that originates outside of a right-of-way.
            (3) Pilot program.--The term ``pilot program'' means the 
        pilot program established by the Secretary under subsection 
        (b).
            (4) Right-of-way.--The term ``right-of-way'' means a 
        special use authorization issued by the Forest Service allowing 
        the placement of utility infrastructure.
            (5) Utility infrastructure.--The term ``utility 
        infrastructure'' means electric transmission lines, natural gas 
        infrastructure, or related structures.
    (b) Establishment.--To encourage owners or operators of rights-of-
way on National Forest System land to partner with the Forest Service 
to voluntarily conduct vegetation management projects on a proactive 
basis to better protect utility infrastructure from potential passing 
wildfires, the Secretary may establish a limited, voluntary pilot 
program, in the manner described in this section, to conduct vegetation 
management projects on National Forest System land adjacent to or near 
those rights-of-way.
    (c) Eligible Participants.--
            (1) In general.--A participant in the pilot program shall 
        be the owner or operator of a right-of-way on National Forest 
        System land.
            (2) Selection priority.--In selecting participants for the 
        pilot program, the Secretary shall give priority to an owner or 
        operator of a right-of-way that has worked with Forest Service 
        fire scientists and used technologies, such as light detection 
        and ranging surveys, to improve utility infrastructure 
        protection prescriptions.
    (d) Vegetation Management Projects.--
            (1) In general.--A vegetation management project conducted 
        under the pilot program shall involve only limited and 
        selective vegetation management activities that--
                    (A) shall create the least disturbance reasonably 
                necessary to protect utility infrastructure from 
                passing wildfires based on applicable models, including 
                Forest Service fuel models;
                    (B) may include thinning, fuel reduction, creation 
                and treatment of shaded fuel breaks, and other 
                appropriate measures;
                    (C) shall only be conducted on National Forest 
                System land--
                            (i) adjacent to the right-of-way of a 
                        participant; or
                            (ii) within 75 feet of the right-of-way of 
                        a participant; and
                    (D) shall not be conducted on--
                            (i) a component of the National Wilderness 
                        Preservation System;
                            (ii) a designated wilderness study area; or
                            (iii) an inventoried roadless area.
            (2) Approval.--Each vegetation management project described 
        in paragraph (1) (including each vegetation management activity 
        described in subparagraphs (A) through (D) of that paragraph) 
        shall be subject to approval by the Forest Service in 
        accordance with this section.
    (e) Project Costs.--
            (1) In general.--Except as provided in paragraph (2), a 
        participant in the pilot program shall be responsible for all 
        costs, as determined by the Secretary, incurred in 
        participating in the pilot program.
            (2) Federal funding.--The Secretary may contribute funds 
        for a vegetation management project conducted under the pilot 
        program if the Secretary determines that the contribution is in 
        the public interest.
    (f) Liability.--
            (1) In general.--Participation in the pilot program shall 
        not affect any legal obligations or liability standards that--
                    (A) arise under the right-of-way for activities in 
                the right-of-way; or
                    (B) apply to fires resulting from causes other than 
                activities conducted pursuant to an approved vegetation 
                management project conducted under the pilot program.
            (2) Project work.--If the Secretary approves a supplement 
        to an approved plan under subsection (c) of section 512 of the 
        Federal Land Policy and Management Act of 1976 (43 U.S.C. 1772) 
        or an agreement entered into under subsection (d)(1) of that 
        section that covers a vegetation management project under the 
        pilot program, the liability provisions of subsection (g) of 
        that section shall apply to the vegetation management project.
    (g) Implementation.--
            (1) In general.--Except as provided in paragraph (2), the 
        Secretary shall use the authority of the Secretary under other 
        laws (including regulations) to carry out the pilot program.
            (2) Modification of regulations.--In order to implement the 
        pilot program in an efficient and expeditious manner, the 
        Secretary may waive or modify specific provisions of the 
        Federal Acquisition Regulation, including waivers or 
        modifications to allow for the formation of contracts or 
        agreements on a noncompetitive basis.
    (h) Treatment of Proceeds.--Notwithstanding any other provision of 
law, the Secretary may--
            (1) retain any funds provided to the Forest Service by a 
        participant in the pilot program; and
            (2) use funds retained under paragraph (1), in such amounts 
        as may be appropriated, to carry out the pilot program.
    (i) Report to Congress.--Not later than December 31, 2020, and 2 
years thereafter, the Secretary shall submit a report describing the 
status of the pilot program and vegetation management projects 
conducted under the pilot program to--
            (1) the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry 
        of the Senate; and
            (2) the Committee on Agriculture of the House of 
        Representatives.
    (j) Duration.--The authority to carry out the pilot program, 
including any vegetation management project conducted under the pilot 
program, expires on October 1, 2023.

SEC. 8633. OKHISSA LAKE RURAL ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT LAND CONVEYANCE.

    (a) Definition of Alliance.--In this section, the term ``Alliance'' 
means the Scenic Rivers Development Alliance.
    (b) Request.--Subject to the requirements of this section, if the 
Alliance submits a written request for conveyance by not later than 180 
days after the date of enactment of this Act and the Secretary 
determines that it is in the public interest to convey the National 
Forest System Land described in subsection (c), the Secretary shall 
convey to the Alliance all right, title, and interest of the United 
States in and to the National Forest System land described in 
subsection (c) by quitclaim deed through a public or private sale, 
including a competitive sale by auction or bid.
    (c) Description of National Forest System Land.--
            (1) In general.--Subject to paragraph (2), the National 
        Forest System land referred to in subsection (b) is the 
        approximately 150 acres of real property located in sec. 6, T. 
        5 N. R. 4 E., Franklin County, Mississippi, and further 
        described as--
                    (A) the portion of the NW\1/4\ NW\1/4\ lying south 
                of the south boundary of Berrytown Road;
                    (B) the portion of the W\1/2\ NE\1/4\ NW\1/4\ lying 
                south of the south boundary of Berrytown Road;
                    (C) the portion of the SW\1/4\ NW\1/4\ lying east 
                of the east boundary of U.S. Highway 98;
                    (D) the W\1/2\ SE\1/4\ NW\1/4\;
                    (E) the portion of the NW\1/4\ SW\1/4\ lying east 
                of the east boundary of U.S. Highway 98;
                    (F) the portion of the NE\1/4\ SW\1/4\ commencing 
                at the southwest corner of the NE\1/4\ SW\1/4\, said 
                point being the point of beginning, thence running east 
                330 feet along the south boundary of the NE\1/4\ SW\1/
                4\ to a point in Lake Okhissa, thence running 
                northeasterly to a point in Lake Okhissa on the east 
                boundary of the NE\1/4\ SW\1/4\ 330 feet south of the 
                northeast corner thereof, thence running north 330 feet 
                along the east boundary of the NE\1/4\ SW\1/4\ to the 
                northeast corner thereof, thence running west along the 
                north boundary of the NE\1/4\ SW\1/4\ to the NW corner 
                thereof; thence running south along the west boundary 
                of the NE\1/4\ SW\1/4\ to the point of beginning; and
                    (G) the portion of the SE\1/4\ SE\1/4\ NW\1/4\ 
                commencing at the southeast corner of the SE\1/4\ NW\1/
                4\, said point being the point of beginning, and 
                running northwesterly to the northwest corner of the 
                SE\1/4\ SE1\/4\ NW\1/4\, thence running south along the 
                west boundary of the SE\1/4\ SE\1/4\ NW\1/4\ to the 
                southwest corner thereof, thence running east along the 
                south boundary of the SE\1/4\ SE\1/4\ NW\1/4\ to the 
                point of beginning.
            (2) Survey.--The exact acreage and legal description of the 
        National Forest System land to be conveyed under this section 
        shall be determined by a survey satisfactory to the Secretary.
    (d) Consideration.--
            (1) In general.--The consideration for the conveyance of 
        any National Forest System land under this section shall be--
                    (A) provided in the form of cash; and
                    (B) in an amount equal to the fair market value of 
                the National Forest System land being conveyed, as 
                determined under paragraph (2).
            (2) Fair market value determination.--The fair market value 
        of the National Forest System land conveyed under this section 
        shall be determined--
                    (A) in the case of a method of conveyance described 
                in subsection (b), by an appraisal that is--
                            (i) conducted in accordance with the 
                        Uniform Appraisal Standards for Federal Land 
                        Acquisitions; and
                            (ii) approved by the Secretary; or
                    (B) in the case of a conveyance by a method other 
                than a method described in subsection (b), by 
                competitive sale.
    (e) Terms and Conditions.--The conveyance under this section shall 
be subject to--
            (1) valid existing rights; and
            (2) such other terms and conditions as the Secretary 
        considers to be appropriate to protect the interests of the 
        United States.
    (f) Proceeds From Sale.--The Secretary shall deposit the proceeds 
of the conveyance of any National Forest System land under this section 
in the fund established under Public Law 90-171 (commonly known as the 
``Sisk Act'') (16 U.S.C. 484a).
    (g) Costs.--As a condition for the conveyance under this section, 
the Secretary shall require the Alliance to pay at closing--
            (1) any reasonable appraisal costs; and
            (2) the costs of any administrative or environmental 
        analysis required by applicable law (including regulations).

SEC. 8634. PRAIRIE DOGS.

    (a) In General.--With respect to the grasslands plan guidance of 
the Forest Service relating to prairie dogs, the Chief of the Forest 
Service shall base policies of the Forest Service on sound ecological 
and livestock management principles.
    (b) Grazing Allotments.--
            (1) In general.--Subject to paragraph (3), not later than 
        180 days after the date of enactment of this Act, the Chief of 
        the Forest Service shall complete a report on the percentage of 
        prairie dogs occupying each total grazing allotment acreage.
            (2) Action required.--Not later than 1 year after the date 
        on which the report under paragraph (1) is completed and 
        subject to paragraph (3), the Chief of the Forest Service shall 
        take appropriate action based on the results of that report.
            (3) Requirement.--This section, including any actions taken 
        under paragraph (2), shall apply only to grazing allotments 
        where prairie dogs are present as of the date of enactment of 
        this Act.

                      PART III--TIMBER INNOVATION

SEC. 8641. DEFINITIONS.

    In this part:
            (1) Innovative wood product.--The term ``innovative wood 
        product'' means a type of building component or system that 
        uses large panelized wood construction, including mass timber.
            (2) Mass timber.--The term ``mass timber'' includes--
                    (A) cross-laminated timber;
                    (B) nail laminated timber;
                    (C) glue laminated timber;
                    (D) laminated strand lumber; and
                    (E) laminated veneer lumber.
            (3) Secretary.--The term ``Secretary'' means the Secretary, 
        acting through the Research and Development deputy area and the 
        State and Private Forestry deputy area of the Forest Service.
            (4) Tall wood building.--The term ``tall wood building'' 
        means a building designed to be--
                    (A) constructed with mass timber; and
                    (B) more than 85 feet in height.

SEC. 8642. CLARIFICATION OF RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM FOR WOOD 
              BUILDING CONSTRUCTION.

    (a) In General.--The Secretary shall conduct performance-driven 
research and development, education, and technical assistance for the 
purpose of facilitating the use of innovative wood products in wood 
building construction in the United States.
    (b) Activities.--In carrying out subsection (a), the Secretary 
shall--
            (1) after receipt of input and guidance from, and 
        collaboration with, the wood products industry, conservation 
        organizations, and institutions of higher education, conduct 
        research and development, education, and technical assistance 
        at the Forest Products Laboratory or through the State and 
        Private Forestry deputy area that meets measurable performance 
        goals for the achievement of the priorities described in 
        subsection (c); and
            (2) after coordination and collaboration with the wood 
        products industry and conservation organizations, make 
        competitive grants to institutions of higher education to 
        conduct research and development, education, and technical 
        assistance that meets measurable performance goals for the 
        achievement of the priorities described in subsection (c).
    (c) Priorities.--The research and development, education, and 
technical assistance conducted under subsection (a) shall give priority 
to--
            (1) ways to improve the commercialization of innovative 
        wood products;
            (2) analyzing the safety of tall wood building materials;
            (3) calculations by the Forest Products Laboratory of the 
        lifecycle environmental footprint, from extraction of raw 
        materials through the manufacturing process, of tall wood 
        building construction;
            (4) analyzing methods to reduce the lifecycle environmental 
        footprint of tall wood building construction;
            (5) analyzing the potential implications of the use of 
        innovative wood products in building construction on wildlife; 
        and
            (6) 1 or more other research areas identified by the 
        Secretary, in consultation with conservation organizations, 
        institutions of higher education, and the wood products 
        industry.
    (d) Timeframe.--To the maximum extent practicable, the measurable 
performance goals for the research and development, education, and 
technical assistance conducted under subsection (a) shall be achievable 
within a 5-year timeframe.

SEC. 8643. WOOD INNOVATION GRANT PROGRAM.

    (a) Definitions.--In this section:
            (1) Eligible entity.--The term ``eligible entity'' means--
                    (A) an individual;
                    (B) a public or private entity (including a center 
                of excellence that consists of 1 or more partnerships 
                between forestry, engineering, architecture, or 
                business schools at 1 or more institutions of higher 
                education); or
                    (C) a State, local, or Tribal government.
            (2) Secretary.--The term ``Secretary'' means the Secretary, 
        acting through the Chief of the Forest Service.
    (b) Grant Program.--
            (1) In general.--The Secretary, in carrying out the wood 
        innovation grant program of the Secretary described in the 
        notice of the Secretary entitled ``Request for Proposals: 2016 
        Wood Innovations Funding Opportunity'' (80 Fed. Reg. 63498 
        (October 20, 2015)), may make a wood innovation grant to 1 or 
        more eligible entities each year for the purpose of advancing 
        the use of innovative wood products.
            (2) Proposals.--To be eligible to receive a grant under 
        this subsection, an eligible entity shall submit to the 
        Secretary a proposal at such time, in such manner, and 
        containing such information as the Secretary may require.
    (c) Incentivizing Use of Existing Milling Capacity.--In selecting 
among proposals of eligible entities under subsection (b)(2), the 
Secretary shall give priority to proposals that include the use or 
retrofitting (or both) of existing sawmill facilities located in 
counties in which the average annual unemployment rate exceeded the 
national average unemployment rate by more than 1 percent in the 
previous calendar year.
    (d) Matching Requirement.--As a condition of receiving a grant 
under subsection (b), an eligible entity shall provide funds equal to 
the amount received by the eligible entity under the grant, to be 
derived from non-Federal sources.

                            TITLE IX--ENERGY

SEC. 9101. DEFINITIONS.

    Section 9001 of the Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002 
(7 U.S.C. 8101) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (4)(A), by striking ``agricultural 
        materials'' and inserting ``agricultural materials, renewable 
        chemicals,'';
            (2) in paragraph (7)(A), by striking ``into biofuels and 
        biobased products'' and inserting the following: ``or an 
        intermediate ingredient or feedstock of renewable biomass into 
        any 1 or more, or a combination, of--
                            ``(i) biofuels;
                            ``(ii) renewable chemicals; or
                            ``(iii) biobased products''; and
            (3) in paragraph (16)--
                    (A) in subparagraph (A)--
                            (i) in the matter preceding clause (i), by 
                        striking ``(B)'' and inserting ``(C)''; and
                            (ii) by striking ``that--'' in the matter 
                        preceding clause (i) and all that follows 
                        through the period at the end of clause (ii) 
                        and inserting ``that produces usable energy 
                        from a renewable energy source.'';
                    (B) by redesignating subparagraph (B) as 
                subparagraph (C); and
                    (C) by inserting after subparagraph (A) the 
                following:
                    ``(B) Inclusions.--The term `renewable energy 
                system' includes--
                            ``(i) distribution components necessary to 
                        move energy produced by a system described in 
                        subparagraph (A) to the initial point of sale; 
                        and
                            ``(ii) other components and ancillary 
                        infrastructure of a system described in 
                        subparagraph (A), such as a storage system.''.

SEC. 9102. BIOBASED MARKETS PROGRAM.

    Section 9002 of the Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002 
(7 U.S.C. 8102) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a)(2)(A)(i)(III), by inserting ``, 
        acting through the rural development mission area (referred to 
        in this section as the `Secretary')'' before the period at the 
        end;
            (2) in subsection (b)(2)(A), by adding at the end the 
        following:
                            ``(iii) Renewable chemicals.--Not later 
                        than 90 days after the date of enactment of 
                        this clause, the Secretary shall update the 
                        criteria issued under clause (i) to provide 
                        criteria for determining which renewable 
                        chemicals may qualify to receive the label 
                        under paragraph (1).'';
            (3) in subsection (f), by striking the subsection 
        designation and all that follows through ``The Secretary'' and 
        inserting the following:
    ``(f) Manufacturers of Renewable Chemicals and Biobased Products.--
            ``(1) NAICS codes.--The Secretary and the Secretary of 
        Commerce shall jointly develop North American Industry 
        Classification System codes for--
                    ``(A) renewable chemicals manufacturers; and
                    ``(B) biobased products manufacturers.
            ``(2) National testing center registry.--The Secretary'';
            (4) by redesignating subsections (h) through (j) as 
        subsections (k) through (m), respectively;
            (5) by inserting after subsection (g) the following:
    ``(h) Education and Outreach.--The Secretary, in consultation with 
the Administrator, shall provide to appropriate stakeholders education 
and outreach relating to--
            ``(1) the Federal procurement of biobased products under 
        subsection (a); and
            ``(2) the voluntary labeling program under subsection (b).
    ``(i) Streamlining.--
            ``(1) In general.--Not later than 1 year after the date of 
        enactment of this subsection, the Secretary shall establish 
        guidelines for an integrated process under which biobased 
        products may be, in 1 expedited approval process--
                    ``(A) determined to be eligible for a Federal 
                procurement preference under subsection (a); and
                    ``(B) approved to use the `USDA Certified Biobased 
                Product' label under subsection (b).
            ``(2) Initiation.--The Secretary shall ensure that a review 
        of a biobased product under the integrated qualification 
        process established pursuant to paragraph (1) may be initiated 
        on receipt of a recommendation or petition from a manufacturer, 
        vendor, or other interested party.
            ``(3) Product designations.--The Secretary may issue a 
        product designation pursuant to subsection (a)(3)(B), or 
        approve the use of the `USDA Certified Biobased Product' label 
        under subsection (b), through streamlined procedures, which 
        shall not be subject to chapter 7 of title 5, United States 
        Code.
    ``(j) Requirement of Procuring Agencies.--A procuring agency (as 
defined in subsection (a)(1)) shall not establish regulations, 
guidance, or criteria regarding the procurement of biobased products, 
pursuant to this section or any other law, that impose limitations on 
that procurement that are more restrictive than the limitations 
established by the Secretary under the regulations to implement this 
section.''; and
            (6) in subsection (l) (as so redesignated)--
                    (A) in paragraph (1), by striking ``2018'' and 
                inserting ``2023''; and
                    (B) in paragraph (2), by striking ``$2,000,000 for 
                each of fiscal years 2014 through 2018'' and inserting 
                ``$3,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2019 through 
                2023''.

SEC. 9103. BIOREFINERY ASSISTANCE.

    Section 9003 of the Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002 
(7 U.S.C. 8103) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (b)(3)--
                    (A) in subparagraph (A), by striking ``produces an 
                advanced biofuel; and'' and inserting the following: 
                ``produces any 1 or more, or a combination, of--
                            ``(i) an advanced biofuel;
                            ``(ii) a renewable chemical; or
                            ``(iii) a biobased product; and''; and
                    (B) in subparagraph (B), by striking ``produces an 
                advanced biofuel.'' and inserting the following: 
                ``produces any 1 or more, or a combination, of--
                            ``(i) an advanced biofuel;
                            ``(ii) a renewable chemical; or
                            ``(iii) a biobased product.''; and
            (2) in subsection (g)--
                    (A) in paragraph (1)(A)--
                            (i) in clause (i), by striking ``and'' at 
                        the end;
                            (ii) in clause (ii), by striking the period 
                        at the end and inserting a semicolon; and
                            (iii) by adding at the end the following:
                            ``(iii) $100,000,000 for fiscal year 2019; 
                        and
                            ``(iv) $50,000,000 for fiscal year 2020.''; 
                        and
                    (B) in paragraph (2), by striking ``2018'' and 
                inserting ``2023''.

SEC. 9104. REPOWERING ASSISTANCE PROGRAM.

    Section 9004 of the Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002 
(7 U.S.C. 8104) is repealed.

SEC. 9105. BIOENERGY PROGRAM FOR ADVANCED BIOFUEL.

    Section 9005(g) of the Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 
2002 (7 U.S.C. 8105(g)) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (1)--
                    (A) in subparagraph (D), by striking ``and'' at the 
                end;
                    (B) in subparagraph (E), by striking the period at 
                the end and inserting ``; and''; and
                    (C) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(F) $15,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2019 
                through 2023.''; and
            (2) in paragraph (2), by striking ``$20,000,000 for each of 
        fiscal years 2014 through 2018'' and inserting ``$15,000,000 
        for each of fiscal years 2019 through 2023''.

SEC. 9106. BIODIESEL FUEL EDUCATION PROGRAM.

    Section 9006(d)(2) of the Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 
2002 (7 U.S.C. 8106(d)(2)) is amended by striking ``2018'' and 
inserting ``2023''.

SEC. 9107. RURAL ENERGY FOR AMERICA PROGRAM.

    Section 9007 of the Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002 
(7 U.S.C. 8107) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (c)(1)--
                    (A) in subparagraph (A), by striking ``and'' at the 
                end;
                    (B) in subparagraph (B), by striking the period at 
                the end and inserting ``; and''; and
                    (C) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(C) to purchase and install efficient energy 
                equipment or systems.'';
            (2) in subsection (e), by striking ``(g)'' each place it 
        appears and inserting ``(f)'';
            (3) by striking subsection (f);
            (4) by redesignating subsection (g) as subsection (f); and
            (5) in subsection (f) (as so redesignated), in paragraph 
        (3), by striking ``$20,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2014 
        through 2018'' and inserting ``$50,000,000 for each of fiscal 
        years 2019 through 2023''.

SEC. 9108. RURAL ENERGY SELF-SUFFICIENCY INITIATIVE.

    Section 9009 of the Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002 
(7 U.S.C. 8109) is repealed.

SEC. 9109. FEEDSTOCK FLEXIBILITY PROGRAM FOR BIOENERGY PRODUCERS.

    Section 9010(b) of the Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 
2002 (7 U.S.C. 8110(b)) is amended, in paragraphs (1)(A) and (2)(A), by 
striking ``2018'' each place it appears and inserting ``2023''.

SEC. 9110. BIOMASS CROP ASSISTANCE PROGRAM.

    Section 9011 of the Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002 
(7 U.S.C. 8111) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a)(6)--
                    (A) in subparagraph (B)--
                            (i) in clause (ii)(II), by striking ``and'' 
                        at the end;
                            (ii) in clause (iii), by striking the 
                        period at the end and inserting ``; and''; and
                            (iii) by adding at the end the following:
                            ``(iv) algae.''; and
                    (B) in subparagraph (C)--
                            (i) by striking clause (iv); and
                            (ii) by redesignating clauses (v) through 
                        (vii) as clauses (iv) through (vi), 
                        respectively;
            (2) in subsection (b)(2), by inserting ``(including 
        eligible material harvested for the purpose of hazardous woody 
        fuel reduction)'' after ``material''; and
            (3) in subsection (f)--
                    (A) in paragraph (1)--
                            (i) by striking ``Of the funds'' and 
                        inserting the following:
                    ``(A) Mandatory funding.--Of the funds'';
                            (ii) in subparagraph (A) (as so 
                        designated), by striking ``2018'' and inserting 
                        ``2023''; and
                            (iii) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(B) Authorization of appropriations.--There is 
                authorized to be appropriated to carry out this section 
                $20,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2019 through 
                2023.''; and
                    (B) in paragraph (3)--
                            (i) by striking the paragraph designation 
                        and heading and all that follows through 
                        ``Effective'' in subparagraph (A) and inserting 
                        the following:
            ``(3) Technical assistance.--Effective''; and
                            (ii) by striking subparagraph (B).

SEC. 9111. BIOGAS RESEARCH AND ADOPTION OF BIOGAS SYSTEMS.

    Title IX of the Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002 is 
amended by inserting after section 9011 (7 U.S.C. 8111) the following:

``SEC. 9012. BIOGAS RESEARCH AND ADOPTION OF BIOGAS SYSTEMS.

    ``(a) Definitions.--In this section:
            ``(1) Anaerobic digestion.--The term `anaerobic digestion' 
        means a biological process or series of biological processes--
                    ``(A) through which microorganisms break down 
                biodegradable material in the absence of oxygen; and
                    ``(B) the end products of which are biogas and 
                digested materials.
            ``(2) Biogas.--The term `biogas' means a mixture of 
        primarily methane and carbon dioxide produced by the bacterial 
        decomposition of organic materials in the absence of oxygen.
            ``(3) Biogas processing.--The term `biogas processing' 
        means the process by which water, carbon dioxide, and other 
        trace compounds are removed from biogas, as determined by the 
        end user.
            ``(4) Biogas system.--The term `biogas system' means a 
        system--
                    ``(A) with the potential to capture and use biogas, 
                including biogas from organic waste, including animal 
                manure, food waste, waste from landfills, and 
                wastewater; and
                    ``(B) that includes--
                            ``(i) the infrastructure necessary to 
                        manage the organic waste referred to in 
                        subparagraph (A);
                            ``(ii) the equipment necessary to 
                        generate--
                                    ``(I) electricity, heat, or fuel; 
                                and
                                    ``(II) biogas system co-products; 
                                and
                            ``(iii) the equipment necessary for biogas 
                        processing.
            ``(5) Biogas system co-product.--The term `biogas system 
        co-product' means a nonenergy biogas system product produced 
        from digested material, including soil amendments, fertilizers, 
        compost, animal bedding, and feedstock for plastics and 
        chemicals.
            ``(6) Digested material.--The term `digested material' 
        means solid or liquid digested material--
                    ``(A) produced by digesters; and
                    ``(B) that contains nutrients and organic carbon.
    ``(b) Interagency Biogas Opportunities Task Force.--
            ``(1) Establishment.--Not later than 180 days after the 
        date of enactment of the Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018, 
        the Secretary, acting jointly with the Secretary of Energy and 
        the Administrator, shall establish an Interagency Biogas 
        Opportunities Task Force (referred to in this subsection as the 
        `Task Force') that shall coordinate policies, programs, and 
        research to accelerate--
                    ``(A) biogas research; and
                    ``(B) investment in cost-effective biogas systems.
            ``(2) Membership.--The Task Force shall be composed of--
                    ``(A) the head of each Federal office responsible 
                for biogas research or biogas system financing (or a 
                designee), including a representative from the 
                Department of Agriculture, the Department of Energy, 
                and the Environmental Protection Agency;
                    ``(B) 1 or more representatives of State or local 
                governments, as determined by the Secretary, the 
                Secretary of Energy, and the Administrator;
                    ``(C) 1 or more nongovernmental or industry 
                stakeholders, including 1 or more stakeholders from 
                relevant industries, as determined by the Secretary, 
                the Secretary of Energy, and the Administrator; and
                    ``(D) 1 or more community stakeholders.
            ``(3) Duties of the task force.--In carrying out paragraph 
        (1), the Task Force shall--
                    ``(A) evaluate and improve the coordination of loan 
                and grant programs of the Federal agencies represented 
                on the Task Force--
                            ``(i) to broaden the financing options 
                        available for biogas systems; and
                            ``(ii) to enhance opportunities for private 
                        financing of biogas systems;
                    ``(B) review Federal procurement guidelines to 
                ensure that products of biogas systems are eligible for 
                and promoted by applicable procurement programs of the 
                Federal Government;
                    ``(C) in coordination with the Secretary of 
                Commerce, evaluate the development of North American 
                Industry Classification System and North American 
                Product Classification System codes for biogas and 
                biogas system products;
                    ``(D) review opportunities and develop strategies 
                to overcome barriers to integrating biogas into 
                electricity and renewable natural gas markets;
                    ``(E) develop tools to broaden the market for 
                nonenergy biogas system products, including by 
                developing best management practices for--
                            ``(i) the use and land application of 
                        digestate to maximize recovery of waste 
                        resources and minimize environmental and public 
                        health risks; and
                            ``(ii) the use of carbon dioxide from 
                        biogas processing;
                    ``(F) provide information on the ability of biogas 
                system products to participate in markets that provide 
                environmental benefits;
                    ``(G) identify and investigate research gaps in 
                biogas and anaerobic digestion technology, including 
                research gaps in environmental benefits, market 
                assessment, and performance standards;
                    ``(H) assess the most cost-effective voluntary 
                investments in biogas to reduce waste and methane 
                emissions; and
                    ``(I) identify and advance additional priorities, 
                as determined by the Task Force.
            ``(4) Report.--Not later than 18 months after the date of 
        the establishment of the Task Force, the Task Force shall 
        submit to Congress a report that--
                    ``(A) describes the steps taken by the Task Force 
                to carry out the duties of the Task Force under 
                paragraph (3); and
                    ``(B) identifies and prioritizes policies and 
                technology opportunities--
                            ``(i) to expand the biogas industry;
                            ``(ii) to eliminate barriers to investment 
                        in biogas systems in the landfill, livestock, 
                        wastewater, and other relevant sectors; and
                            ``(iii) to enhance opportunities for 
                        private and public sector partnerships to 
                        finance biogas systems.
    ``(c) Advancement of Biogas Research.--
            ``(1) Study on biogas.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The Secretary, in coordination 
                with the Secretary of Energy and the Administrator, 
                shall enter into an agreement with the National 
                Renewable Energy Laboratory to conduct a study relating 
                to biogas.
                    ``(B) Study.--Under the agreement described in 
                subparagraph (A), the study conducted by the National 
                Renewable Energy Laboratory shall include an analysis 
                of--
                            ``(i) barriers to injecting biogas into 
                        existing natural gas pipelines;
                            ``(ii) methods for optimizing biogas 
                        systems, including methods to obtain the 
                        highest energy output from biogas, including 
                        through the use of co-digestion;
                            ``(iii) opportunities for, and barriers to, 
                        the productive use of biogas system co-
                        products, carbon dioxide from biogas 
                        processing, and recovered nutrients;
                            ``(iv) the optimal configuration of local, 
                        State, or regional infrastructure for the 
                        production of electricity, heat, or fuel from 
                        biogas, including infrastructure for the 
                        aggregation, cleaning, and pipeline injection 
                        of biogas; and
                            ``(v) any other subject relating to biogas, 
                        as determined by the Interagency Biogas 
                        Opportunities Task Force established under 
                        subsection (b)(1).
                    ``(C) Report.--Not later than 2 years after the 
                date of enactment of the Agriculture Improvement Act of 
                2018, the Secretary shall submit to Congress a report 
                on the study conducted under this paragraph.
            ``(2) Collection of data for biogas markets.--The 
        Secretary, in coordination with the Secretary of Energy and the 
        Administrator, shall identify, collect, and analyze 
        environmental, technical, and economic performance data 
        relating to biogas systems, including the production of energy 
        of biogas systems, co-products, greenhouse gas and other 
        emissions, water quality benefits, and other data necessary to 
        develop markets for biogas and biogas system co-products.''.

SEC. 9112. COMMUNITY WOOD ENERGY PROGRAM.

    Section 9013(e) of the Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 
2002 (7 U.S.C. 8113(e)) is amended by striking ``2018'' and inserting 
``2023''.

SEC. 9113. CARBON UTILIZATION EDUCATION PROGRAM.

    Title IX of the Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002 (7 
U.S.C. 8101 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the following:

``SEC. 9014. CARBON UTILIZATION EDUCATION PROGRAM.

    ``(a) Definitions.--In this section:
            ``(1) Carbon dioxide.--The term `carbon dioxide' means 
        carbon dioxide that is produced as a byproduct of the 
        production of a biobased product.
            ``(2) Eligible entity.--The term `eligible entity' means an 
        entity that--
                    ``(A) is--
                            ``(i) an organization described in section 
                        501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 
                        and exempt from taxation under 501(a) of that 
                        Code; or
                            ``(ii) an institution of higher education 
                        (as defined in section 101(a) of the Higher 
                        Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1001(a)));
                    ``(B) has demonstrated knowledge about--
                            ``(i) sequestration and utilization of 
                        carbon dioxide; or
                            ``(ii) aggregation of organic waste from 
                        multiple sources into a single biogas system; 
                        and
                    ``(C) has a demonstrated ability to conduct 
                educational and technical support programs.
    ``(b) Establishment.--The Secretary, in consultation with the 
Secretary of Energy, shall make competitive grants to eligible 
entities--
            ``(1) to provide education to the public about the economic 
        and emissions benefits of permanent sequestration or 
        utilization of carbon dioxide; or
            ``(2) to provide education to biogas producers about 
        opportunities for aggregation of organic waste from multiple 
        sources into a single biogas system.
    ``(c) Funding.--
            ``(1) Mandatory funding.--Of the funds of the Commodity 
        Credit Corporation, the Secretary shall use for each of fiscal 
        years 2019 through 2023--
                    ``(A) $1,000,000 to carry out subsection (b)(1); 
                and
                    ``(B) $1,000,000 to carry out subsection (b)(2).
            ``(2) Discretionary funding.--There are authorized to be 
        appropriated for each of fiscal years 2019 through 2023--
                    ``(A) $1,000,000 to carry out subsection (b)(1); 
                and
                    ``(B) $1,000,000 to carry out subsection (b)(2).''.

                         TITLE X--HORTICULTURE

SEC. 10101. SPECIALTY CROPS MARKET NEWS ALLOCATION.

    Section 10107(b) of the Food, Conservation, and Energy Act of 2008 
(7 U.S.C. 1622b(b)) is amended by striking ``2018'' and inserting 
``2023''.

SEC. 10102. LOCAL AGRICULTURE MARKET PROGRAM.

    (a) Purpose.--The purpose of this section is to combine the 
purposes and coordinate the functions, as in effect on the day before 
the date of enactment of this Act, of--
            (1) the Farmers' Market and Local Food Promotion Program 
        established under section 6 of the Farmer-to-Consumer Direct 
        Marketing Act of 1976 (7 U.S.C. 3005); and
            (2) the value-added agricultural product market development 
        grants under section 231(b) of the Agricultural Risk Protection 
        Act of 2000 (7 U.S.C. 1632a(b)).
    (b) Local Agriculture Market Program.--Subtitle A of the 
Agricultural Marketing Act of 1946 (7 U.S.C. 1621 et seq.) is amended 
by adding at the end the following:

``SEC. 210A. LOCAL AGRICULTURE MARKET PROGRAM.

    ``(a) Definitions.--In this section:
            ``(1) Beginning farmer or rancher.--The term `beginning 
        farmer or rancher' has the meaning given the term in section 
        343(a) of the Consolidated Farm and Rural Development Act (7 
        U.S.C. 1991(a)).
            ``(2) Direct producer-to-consumer marketing.--The term 
        `direct producer-to-consumer marketing' has the meaning given 
        the term `direct marketing from farmers to consumers' in 
        section 3 of the Farmer-to-Consumer Direct Marketing Act of 
        1976 (7 U.S.C. 3002).
            ``(3) Eligible activity.--The term `eligible activity' 
        means an activity described in subsection (d)(2) that is 
        carried out using a grant provided under subsection (d)(1).
            ``(4) Eligible entity.--The term `eligible entity' means--
                    ``(A) a producer;
                    ``(B) a producer network or association;
                    ``(C) a farmer or rancher cooperative;
                    ``(D) an agricultural business entity or majority-
                controlled producer-based business venture;
                    ``(E) a food council;
                    ``(F) a local or Tribal government;
                    ``(G) a nonprofit corporation;
                    ``(H) an economic development corporation;
                    ``(I) a public benefit corporation;
                    ``(J) a community supported agriculture network or 
                association; and
                    ``(K) a regional farmers' market authority.
            ``(5) Eligible partner.--The term `eligible partner' 
        means--
                    ``(A) a State agency or regional authority;
                    ``(B) a philanthropic organization;
                    ``(C) a private corporation;
                    ``(D) an institution of higher education;
                    ``(E) a commercial, Federal, or Farm Credit System 
                lending institution; and
                    ``(F) another entity, as determined by the 
                Secretary.
            ``(6) Family farm.--The term `family farm' has the meaning 
        given the term in section 231(a) of the Agricultural Risk 
        Protection Act of 2000 (7 U.S.C. 1632a(a)).
            ``(7) Food council.--The term `food council' means a food 
        policy council or food and farm system network, as determined 
        by the Secretary, that--
                    ``(A) represents--
                            ``(i) multiple organizations involved in 
                        the production, processing, and consumption of 
                        food; and
                            ``(ii) local, Tribal, and State 
                        governments; and
                    ``(B) addresses food and farm-related issues and 
                needs within city, county, State, Tribal region, 
                multicounty region, or other region designated by the 
                food council or food system network.
            ``(8) Majority-controlled producer-based business 
        venture.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The term `majority-controlled 
                producer-based business venture' means a venture 
                greater than 50 percent of the ownership and control of 
                which is held by--
                            ``(i) 1 or more producers; or
                            ``(ii) 1 or more entities, 100 percent of 
                        the ownership and control of which is held by 1 
                        or more producers.
                    ``(B) Entity described.--For purposes of 
                subparagraph (A), the term `entity' means--
                            ``(i) a partnership;
                            ``(ii) a limited liability corporation;
                            ``(iii) a limited liability partnership; 
                        and
                            ``(iv) a corporation.
            ``(9) Mid-tier value chain.--The term `mid-tier value 
        chain' means a local or regional supply network that links 
        independent producers with businesses and cooperatives that 
        market value-added agricultural products in a manner that--
                    ``(A) targets and strengthens the profitability and 
                competitiveness of small and medium-sized farms and 
                ranches that are structured as a family farm; and
                    ``(B) obtains agreement from an eligible 
                agricultural producer group, farmer or rancher 
                cooperative, or majority-controlled producer-based 
                business venture that is engaged in the value chain on 
                a marketing strategy.
            ``(10) Partnership.--The term `partnership' means a 
        partnership entered into under an agreement between--
                    ``(A) 1 or more eligible partners; and
                    ``(B) 1 or more eligible entities.
            ``(11) Program.--The term `Program' means the Local 
        Agriculture Market Program established under subsection (b).
            ``(12) Regional food chain coordination.--The term 
        `regional food chain coordination' means coordination and 
        collaboration along the supply chain to increase connections 
        between producers and markets.
            ``(13) Secretary.--The term `Secretary' means the Secretary 
        of Agriculture.
            ``(14) Socially disadvantaged farmer or rancher.--The term 
        `socially disadvantaged farmer or rancher' has the meaning 
        given the term in section 355(e) of the Consolidated Farm and 
        Rural Development Act (7 U.S.C. 2003(e)).
            ``(15) Value-added agricultural product.--The term `value-
        added agricultural product' means any agricultural commodity or 
        product that--
                    ``(A)(i) has undergone a change in physical state;
                    ``(ii) was produced in a manner that enhances the 
                value of the agricultural commodity or product, as 
                demonstrated through a business plan that shows the 
                enhanced value, as determined by the Secretary;
                    ``(iii) is physically segregated in a manner that 
                results in the enhancement of the value of the 
                agricultural commodity or product;
                    ``(iv) is a source of farm- or ranch-based 
                renewable energy, including E-85 fuel; or
                    ``(v) is aggregated and marketed as a locally 
                produced agricultural food product; and
                    ``(B) as a result of the change in physical state 
                or the manner in which the agricultural commodity or 
                product was produced, marketed, or segregated--
                            ``(i) the customer base for the 
                        agricultural commodity or product is expanded; 
                        and
                            ``(ii) a greater portion of the revenue 
                        derived from the marketing, processing, or 
                        physical segregation of the agricultural 
                        commodity or product is available to the 
                        producer of the commodity or product.
            ``(16) Veteran farmer or rancher.--The term `veteran farmer 
        or rancher' has the meaning given the term in section 2501(a) 
        of the Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act of 1990 
        (7 U.S.C. 2279(a)).
    ``(b) Establishment and Purpose.--The Secretary shall establish a 
program, to be known as the `Local Agriculture Market Program', that--
            ``(1) supports the development, coordination, and expansion 
        of--
                    ``(A) direct producer-to-consumer marketing;
                    ``(B) local and regional food markets and 
                enterprises; and
                    ``(C) value-added agricultural products;
            ``(2) connects and cultivates regional food economies 
        through public-private partnerships;
            ``(3) supports the development of business plans, 
        feasibility studies, and strategies for local and regional 
        marketing opportunities;
            ``(4) strengthens capacity and regional food system 
        development through community collaboration and expansion of 
        mid-tier value chains;
            ``(5) improves income and economic opportunities for 
        producers and food businesses through job creation and improved 
        regional food system infrastructure; and
            ``(6) simplifies the application processes and the 
        reporting processes for the Program.
    ``(c) Regional Partnerships.--
            ``(1) Grants to support partnerships.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The Secretary, acting through 
                the Administrator of the Agricultural Marketing 
                Service, in accordance with the purposes of the Program 
                described in subsection (b), shall provide grants to 
                support partnerships to plan and develop a local or 
                regional food system.
                    ``(B) Geographical diversity.--To the maximum 
                extent practicable, the Secretary shall ensure 
                geographical diversity in selecting partnerships to 
                receive grants under subparagraph (A).
            ``(2) Authorities of partnerships.--A partnership receiving 
        a grant under paragraph (1) may--
                    ``(A) determine the scope of the regional food 
                system to be developed, including goals, outreach 
                objectives, and eligible activities to be carried out;
                    ``(B) determine the local, regional, State, multi-
                State, or other geographic area covered;
                    ``(C) create and conduct a feasibility study, 
                implementation plan, and assessment of eligible 
                activities under the partnership agreement;
                    ``(D) conduct outreach and education to other 
                eligible entities and eligible partners for potential 
                participation in the partnership agreement and eligible 
                activities;
                    ``(E) describe measures to be taken through the 
                partnership agreement to obtain funding for the 
                eligible activities to be carried out under the 
                partnership agreement;
                    ``(F) at the request of a producer or eligible 
                entity desiring to participate in eligible activities 
                under the partnership agreement, act on behalf of the 
                producer or eligible entity in applying for a grant 
                under subsection (d);
                    ``(G) monitor, evaluate, and periodically report to 
                the Secretary on progress made toward achieving the 
                objectives of eligible activities under the partnership 
                agreement; or
                    ``(H) at the conclusion of the partnership 
                agreement, submit to the Secretary a report 
                describing--
                            ``(i) the results and effects of the 
                        partnership agreement; and
                            ``(ii) funds provided under paragraph (3).
            ``(3) Contribution.--A partnership receiving a grant under 
        paragraph (1) shall provide funding in an amount equal to not 
        less than 25 percent of the total amount of the Federal portion 
        of the grant.
            ``(4) Applications.--
                    ``(A) In general.--To be eligible to receive a 
                grant under paragraph (1), a partnership shall submit 
                to the Secretary an application at such time, in such 
                manner, and containing such information as the 
                Secretary considers necessary to evaluate and select 
                applications.
                    ``(B) Competitive process.--The Secretary--
                            ``(i) shall conduct a competitive process 
                        to select applications submitted under 
                        subparagraph (A);
                            ``(ii) may assess and rank applications 
                        with similar purposes as a group; and
                            ``(iii) shall make public the criteria to 
                        be used in evaluating applications prior to 
                        accepting applications.
                    ``(C) Priority to certain applications.--The 
                Secretary may give priority to applications submitted 
                under subparagraph (A) that--
                            ``(i)(I) leverage significant non-Federal 
                        financial and technical resources; and
                            ``(II) coordinate with other local, State, 
                        Tribal, or national efforts; and
                            ``(ii) cover an area that includes 
                        distressed low-income rural or urban 
                        communities, including areas with persistent 
                        poverty.
                    ``(D) Producer or food business benefits.--
                            ``(i) In general.--Except as provided in 
                        clause (ii), an application submitted under 
                        subparagraph (A) shall include a description of 
                        the direct or indirect producer or food 
                        business benefits intended by the eligible 
                        entity to result from the proposed project 
                        within a reasonable period of time after the 
                        receipt of a grant.
                            ``(ii) Exception.--Clause (i) shall not 
                        apply to a planning or feasibility project.
            ``(5) Technical assistance.--On request of an eligible 
        entity, an eligible partner, or a partnership, the Secretary 
        may provide technical assistance in carrying out a partnership 
        agreement.
    ``(d) Development Grants.--
            ``(1) In general.--Under the Program, the Secretary may 
        provide grants to eligible entities to carry out, in accordance 
        with purposes of the Program described in subsection (b), 
        activities described in paragraph (2).
            ``(2) Eligible activities.--An eligible entity may use a 
        grant provided under paragraph (1)--
                    ``(A) to support and promote--
                            ``(i) domestic direct producer-to-consumer 
                        marketing;
                            ``(ii) farmers' markets;
                            ``(iii) roadside stands;
                            ``(iv) agritourism activities,
                            ``(v) community-supported agriculture 
                        programs; or
                            ``(vi) online sales;
                    ``(B) to support local and regional food business 
                enterprises that engage as intermediaries in indirect 
                producer-to-consumer marketing;
                    ``(C) to support the processing, aggregation, 
                distribution, and storage of local and regional food 
                products that are marketed locally or regionally;
                    ``(D) to encourage the development of new food 
                products and value-added agricultural products;
                    ``(E) to assist with business development and 
                feasibility studies;
                    ``(F) to develop marketing strategies for producers 
                of local food products and value-added agricultural 
                products in new and existing markets;
                    ``(G) to facilitate regional food chain 
                coordination and mid-tier value chain development;
                    ``(H) to promote new business opportunities and 
                marketing strategies to reduce on-farm food waste;
                    ``(I) to respond to changing technology needs in 
                direct producer-to-consumer marketing; or
                    ``(J) to cover expenses relating to costs incurred 
                in--
                            ``(i) obtaining food safety certification; 
                        and
                            ``(ii) making changes and upgrades to 
                        practices and equipment to improve food safety.
            ``(3) Criteria and guidelines.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall establish 
                criteria and guidelines for the submission, evaluation, 
                and funding of proposed projects under paragraph (1) as 
                the Secretary determines are appropriate.
                    ``(B) Producer or food business benefits.--
                            ``(i) In general.--Except as provided in 
                        clause (ii), an application submitted for a 
                        grant under paragraph (1) shall include a 
                        description of the direct or indirect producer 
                        or food business benefits intended by the 
                        eligible entity to result from the proposed 
                        project within a reasonable period of time 
                        after the receipt of the grant.
                            ``(ii) Exception.--Clause (i) shall not 
                        apply to a planning or feasibility project.
            ``(4) Amount.--Unless otherwise determined by the 
        Secretary, the amount of a grant under this subsection shall be 
        not more than $500,000.
            ``(5) Development grants available to producers.--In the 
        case of a grant provided under paragraph (1) to an eligible 
        entity described in any of subparagraphs (A) through (D) of 
        subsection (a)(4), the following shall apply:
                    ``(A) Administration.--The Secretary shall carry 
                out this subsection through the Administrator of the 
                Rural Business-Cooperative Service, in coordination 
                with the Administrator of the Agricultural Marketing 
                Service.
                    ``(B) Priorities.--The Secretary shall give 
                priority to applications--
                            ``(i) in the case of an application 
                        submitted by a producer, that are submitted by, 
                        or serve--
                                    ``(I) beginning farmers or 
                                ranchers;
                                    ``(II) socially disadvantaged 
                                farmers or ranchers;
                                    ``(III) operators of small or 
                                medium sized farms or ranches that are 
                                structured as family farms; or
                                    ``(IV) veteran farmers or ranchers; 
                                and
                            ``(ii) in the case of an application 
                        submitted by an eligible entity described in 
                        any of subparagraphs (B) through (D) of 
                        subsection (a)(4), that provide the greatest 
                        contribution to creating or increasing 
                        marketing opportunities for producers described 
                        in subclauses (I) through (IV) of clause (i).
                    ``(C) Limitation on use of funds.--
                            ``(i) In general.--Except as provided in 
                        clause (ii), an eligible entity may not use a 
                        grant for the purchase or construction of a 
                        building, general purpose equipment, or 
                        structure.
                            ``(ii) Exception.--An eligible entity may 
                        use not more than $6,500 of the amount of a 
                        grant for an eligible activity described in 
                        paragraph (2)(J) to purchase or upgrade 
                        equipment to improve food safety.
                    ``(D) Matching funds.--An eligible entity receiving 
                a grant shall provide matching funds in the form of 
                cash or an in-kind contribution in an amount that is 
                equal to 50 percent of the total amount of the grant.
            ``(6) Development grants for other eligible entities.--In 
        the case of a grant provided under paragraph (1) to an eligible 
        entity described in any of subparagraphs (E) through (K) of 
        subsection (a)(4), the following shall apply:
                    ``(A) Administration.--The Secretary shall carry 
                out this subsection through the Administrator of the 
                Agricultural Marketing Service, in coordination with 
                the Administrator of the Rural Business-Cooperative 
                Service.
                    ``(B) Priorities.--The Secretary shall give 
                priority to applications that--
                            ``(i) benefit underserved communities, 
                        including communities that are located in areas 
                        of concentrated poverty with limited access to 
                        fresh locally or regionally grown food; or
                            ``(ii) are used to carry out eligible 
                        activities under a partnership agreement under 
                        subsection (c).
                    ``(C) Limitation on use of funds.--
                            ``(i) In general.--Except as provided in 
                        clause (ii), an eligible entity may not use a 
                        grant for the purchase or construction of a 
                        building, general purpose equipment, or 
                        structure.
                            ``(ii) Exception.--An eligible entity may 
                        use not more than $6,500 of the amount of a 
                        grant for an eligible activity described in 
                        paragraph (2)(J) to purchase or upgrade 
                        equipment to improve food safety.
                    ``(D) Matching funds.--An eligible entity receiving 
                a grant shall provide matching funds in the form of 
                cash or an in-kind contribution in an amount that is 
                equal to 25 percent of the total amount of the Federal 
                portion of the grant.
    ``(e) Simplification of Application and Reporting Processes.--
            ``(1) Applications.--The Secretary shall establish a 
        simplified application form for eligible entities that--
                    ``(A) request less than $50,000 under subsection 
                (d); or
                    ``(B) apply for grants under subsection (d) through 
                partnership agreements under subsection (c).
            ``(2) Reporting.--The Secretary shall--
                    ``(A) streamline and simplify the reporting process 
                for eligible entities; and
                    ``(B) obtain from eligible entities and maintain 
                such information as the Secretary determines is 
                necessary to administer and evaluate the Program.
    ``(f) Cooperative Extension Service.--In carrying out the Program, 
the Secretary, acting through the Administrator of the Agricultural 
Marketing Service or the Administrator of the Rural Business 
Cooperative Service, may coordinate with a cooperative extension 
service to provide Program technical assistance and outreach to 
eligible entities and eligible partners.
    ``(g) Interdepartmental Coordination.--In carrying out the Program, 
to the maximum extent practicable, the Secretary shall ensure 
coordination among Federal agencies.
    ``(h) Evaluation.--
            ``(1) In general.--Using amounts made available under 
        subsection (i)(3)(E), the Secretary shall conduct an evaluation 
        of the Program that--
                    ``(A) measures the economic impact of the Program 
                on new and existing market outcomes;
                    ``(B) measures the effectiveness of the Program in 
                improving and expanding--
                            ``(i) the regional food economy through 
                        public and private partnerships;
                            ``(ii) the production of value-added 
                        agricultural products;
                            ``(iii) producer-to-consumer marketing, 
                        including direct producer-to-consumer 
                        marketing;
                            ``(iv) local and regional food systems, 
                        including regional food chain coordination and 
                        business development;
                            ``(v) new business opportunities and 
                        marketing strategies to reduce on-farm food 
                        waste;
                            ``(vi) the use of new technologies in 
                        producer-to-consumer marketing, including 
                        direct producer-to-consumer marketing; and
                            ``(vii) the workforce and capacity of 
                        regional food systems; and
                    ``(C) provides a description of--
                            ``(i) each partnership agreement; and
                            ``(ii) each grant provided under subsection 
                        (d).
            ``(2) Report.--Not later than 3 years after the date of 
        enactment of this section, the Secretary shall submit to the 
        Committee on Agriculture of the House of Representatives and 
        the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the 
        Senate a report describing the evaluation conducted under 
        paragraph (1), including a thorough analysis of the outcomes of 
        the evaluation.
    ``(i) Funding.--
            ``(1) Mandatory funding.--Of the funds of the Commodity 
        Credit Corporation, the Secretary shall use to carry out this 
        section $60,000,000 for fiscal year 2019 and each fiscal year 
        thereafter, to remain available until expended.
            ``(2) Authorization of appropriations.--There is authorized 
        to be appropriated to carry out this section $20,000,000 for 
        fiscal year 2019 and each fiscal year thereafter, to remain 
        available until expended.
            ``(3) Allocation of funds.--
                    ``(A) Regional partnerships.--Of the funds made 
                available to carry out this section for a fiscal year, 
                10 percent shall be used to provide grants to support 
                partnerships under subsection (c).
                    ``(B) Development grants for producers.--
                            ``(i) In general.--Subject to clause (ii), 
                        of the funds made available to carry out this 
                        section for a fiscal year, 35 percent shall be 
                        used for grants under subsection (d)(5).
                            ``(ii) Reservation of funds.--
                                    ``(I) Majority-controlled producer-
                                based business ventures.--The total 
                                amount of grants under subsection 
                                (d)(5) provided to majority-controlled 
                                producer-based business ventures for a 
                                fiscal year shall not exceed 10 percent 
                                of the amount allocated under clause 
                                (i).
                                    ``(II) Beginning, veteran, and 
                                socially disadvantaged farmers and 
                                ranchers.--Of the funds made available 
                                for grants under subsection (d)(5), 10 
                                percent shall be reserved for grants 
                                provided to beginning, veteran, and 
                                socially disadvantaged farmers or 
                                ranchers.
                                    ``(III) Mid-tier value chains.--Of 
                                the funds made available for grants 
                                under subsection (d)(5), 10 percent 
                                shall be reserved for grants to develop 
                                mid-tier value chains.
                                    ``(IV) Food safety assistance.--Of 
                                the funds made available for grants 
                                under subsection (d)(5), not more than 
                                25 percent shall be reserved for grants 
                                for eligible activities described in 
                                subsection (d)(2)(J).
                    ``(C) Development grants for other eligible 
                entities.--Of the funds made available to carry out 
                this section for a fiscal year, 47 percent shall be 
                used for grants under subsection (d)(6).
                    ``(D) Unobligated funds.--Any funds under 
                subparagraph (A), (B), or (C) that are not obligated 
                for the uses described in that subparagraph, as 
                applicable, by September 30 of the fiscal year for 
                which the funds were made available--
                            ``(i) shall be available to the agency 
                        carrying out the Program with the unobligated 
                        funds to carry out any function of the Program, 
                        as determined by the Secretary; and
                            ``(ii) may carry over to the next fiscal 
                        year.
                    ``(E) Administrative expenses.--Not greater than 8 
                percent of amounts made available to provide grants 
                under subsections (c) and (d)(6) for a fiscal year may 
                be used for administrative expenses.''.
    (c) Conforming Amendments.--
            (1) Agricultural marketing resource center pilot project.--
        Section 231 of the Agricultural Risk Protection Act of 2000 (7 
        U.S.C. 1632a) is amended--
                    (A) by striking the section heading and inserting 
                ``agricultural marketing resource center pilot 
                project.'';
                    (B) by striking subsections (a), (b), (d), and (e);
                    (C) in subsection (c)--
                            (i) by redesignating paragraphs (1) and (2) 
                        as subsections (a) and (b), respectively, and 
                        indenting appropriately; and
                            (ii) by striking the subsection designation 
                        and heading;
                    (D) in subsection (a) (as so redesignated)--
                            (i) in the matter preceding subparagraph 
                        (A), by striking ``Notwithstanding'' and all 
                        that follows through ``paragraph (2)'' and 
                        inserting the following: ``The Secretary shall 
                        not use more than 2.5 percent of the funds made 
                        available to carry out the Local Agriculture 
                        Market Program established under section 210A 
                        of the Agricultural Marketing Act of 1946 to 
                        establish a pilot project (to be known as the 
                        `Agricultural Marketing Resource Center') at an 
                        eligible institution described in subsection 
                        (b)''; and
                            (ii) by redesignating subparagraphs (A) and 
                        (B) as paragraphs (1) and (2), respectively, 
                        and indenting appropriately; and
                    (E) in subsection (b) (as so redesignated)--
                            (i) by redesignating subparagraphs (A) 
                        through (C) as paragraphs (1) through (3), 
                        respectively, and indenting appropriately; and
                            (ii) in paragraph (1) (as so redesignated), 
                        by striking ``paragraph (1)(A)'' and inserting 
                        ``subsection (a)(1)''.
            (2) Agriculture innovation center demonstration program.--
        Section 6402(f) of the Farm Security and Rural Investment Act 
        of 2002 (7 U.S.C. 1632b(f)) is amended in the matter preceding 
        paragraph (1) by striking ``section 231(d) of the Agricultural 
        Risk Protection Act of 2000 (7 U.S.C. 1621 note; Public Law 
        106-224))'' and inserting ``section 210A(d)(2) of the 
        Agricultural Marketing Act of 1946''.
            (3) Local food production and program evaluation.--Section 
        10016(b)(3)(B) of the Agricultural Act of 2014 (7 U.S.C. 
        2204h(b)(2)(B)) is amended by striking ``Farmers' Market and 
        Local Food Promotion Program established under section 6 of the 
        Farmer-to-Consumer Direct Marketing Act of 1976 (7 U.S.C. 
        3005)'' and inserting ``Local Agriculture Market Program 
        established under section 210A of the Agricultural Marketing 
        Act of 1946''.
            (4) Program metrics.--Section 6209(a) of the Agricultural 
        Act of 2014 (7 U.S.C. 2207b(a)) is amended by striking 
        paragraph (1) and inserting the following:
            ``(1) section 210A of the Agricultural Marketing Act of 
        1946;''.
            (5) Farmer-to-consumer direct marketing act of 1976.--
                    (A) Section 4 of the Farmer-to-Consumer Direct 
                Marketing Act of 1976 (7 U.S.C. 3003) is amended--
                            (i) by striking ``The Secretary'' and 
                        inserting the following:
    ``(a) In General.--The Secretary''; and
                            (ii) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(b) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be 
appropriated such sums as are necessary to carry out this section.''.
                    (B) Sections 6, 7, and 8 of the Farmer-to-Consumer 
                Direct Marketing Act of 1976 (7 U.S.C. 3005, 3006; 90 
                Stat. 1983) are repealed.

SEC. 10103. ORGANIC PRODUCTION AND MARKET DATA INITIATIVES.

    Section 7407(d) of the Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 
2002 (7 U.S.C. 5925c(d)) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (1)--
                    (A) in the paragraph heading, by striking ``through 
                fiscal year 2012''; and
                    (B) by striking ``$5,000,000, to remain available 
                until expended.'' and inserting the following: ``, to 
                remain available until expended--
                    ``(A) $5,000,000 for each of the periods of fiscal 
                years 2008 through 2012 and 2014 through 2018; and
                    ``(B) $5,000,000 for the period of fiscal years 
                2019 through 2023.'';
            (2) by striking paragraph (2);
            (3) by redesignating paragraph (3) as paragraph (2); and
            (4) in paragraph (2) (as so redesignated)--
                    (A) by striking ``paragraphs (1) and (2)'' and 
                inserting ``paragraph (1)''; and
                    (B) by striking ``2018'' and inserting ``2023''.

SEC. 10104. ORGANIC CERTIFICATION.

    (a) Exclusions From Certification.--Not later than 1 year after the 
date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall issue regulations to 
limit the type of organic operations that are excluded from 
certification under section 205.101 of title 7, Code of Federal 
Regulations, and from certification under any other related sections 
under part 205 of title 7, Code of Federal Regulations.
    (b) Definitions.--Section 2103 of the Organic Foods Production Act 
of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 6502) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (3)--
                    (A) by striking ``The term'' and inserting the 
                following:
                    ``(A) In general.--The term''; and
                    (B) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(B) Foreign operations.--When used in the context 
                of a certifying agent operating in a foreign country, 
                the term `certifying agent' includes a certifying 
                agent--
                            ``(i) accredited in accordance with section 
                        2106(b)(1); or
                            ``(ii) accredited by a foreign government 
                        that acted under an equivalency arrangement 
                        negotiated between the United States and the 
                        foreign government.'';
            (2) by redesignating paragraphs (13) through (21) as 
        paragraphs (14) through (22), respectively; and
            (3) by inserting after paragraph (12) the following:
            ``(13) National organic program import certificate.--The 
        term `national organic program import certificate' means a form 
        developed for purposes of the program under this title--
                    ``(A) to provide documentation sufficient to verify 
                that an agricultural product imported for sale in the 
                United States satisfies the requirement under section 
                2106(b)(1); and
                    ``(B) which shall include, at a minimum, 
                information sufficient to indicate, with respect to the 
                agricultural product--
                            ``(i) the origin;
                            ``(ii) the destination;
                            ``(iii) the certifying agent issuing the 
                        national organic program import certificate;
                            ``(iv) the harmonized tariff code, if a 
                        harmonized tariff code exists for the 
                        agricultural product;
                            ``(v) the total weight; and
                            ``(vi) the organic standard to which the 
                        agricultural product is certified.''.
    (c) Documentation and Traceability Enhancement; Data Collection.--
Section 2106(b) of the Organic Foods Production Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 
6505(b)) is amended--
            (1) by striking ``Imported'' and inserting the following:
            ``(1) Accreditation of foreign organic certification 
        program.--Imported''; and
            (2) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(2) Import certification.--
                    ``(A) Import certificates.--For an agricultural 
                product being imported into the United States to be 
                represented as organically produced, the Secretary 
                shall require the agricultural product to be 
                accompanied by a complete and valid national organic 
                program import certificate, which shall be available as 
                an electronic record.
                    ``(B) Tracking system.--
                            ``(i) In general.--The Secretary shall 
                        establish a system to track national organic 
                        program import certificates.
                            ``(ii) Integration.--In establishing the 
                        system under clause (i), the Secretary may 
                        integrate the system into any existing 
                        information tracking systems for imports of 
                        agricultural products.
            ``(3) Modernization of trade tracking and data collection 
        systems.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall modernize 
                international trade tracking and data collection 
                systems of the national organic program established 
                under this title.
                    ``(B) Activities.--In carrying out subparagraph 
                (A), the Secretary shall modernize trade and 
                transaction certificates to ensure full traceability to 
                the port of entry without unduly hindering trade, such 
                as through an electronic trade document exchange 
                system.
            ``(4) Reports.--
                    ``(A) In general.--On an annual basis, the 
                Secretary shall submit to Congress and make publically 
                available on the website of the Department of 
                Agriculture a report providing detailed quantitative 
                data on imports of organically produced agricultural 
                products accepted into the United States during the 
                year covered by the report.
                    ``(B) Requirements.--The data described in 
                subparagraph (A) shall be broken down by agricultural 
                product type, quantity, value, and month.
                    ``(C) Exception.--Any data that is specific enough 
                to be protected as confidential business information 
                shall not be provided in the report under subparagraph 
                (A).''.
    (d) Accreditation Program.--Section 2115 of the Organic Foods 
Production Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 6514) is amended--
            (1) by redesignating subsection (c) as subsection (d);
            (2) by inserting after subsection (b) the following:
    ``(c) Oversight of Satellite Offices and Foreign Operations.--As 
part of the accreditation of certifying agents under this section, the 
Secretary shall oversee any certifying agent operating in a foreign 
country.''; and
            (3) in subsection (d) (as so redesignated)--
                    (A) by striking ``section shall'' and inserting the 
                following: ``section--
            ``(1) subject to paragraph (2), shall''; and
                    (B) in paragraph (1) (as so designated)--
                            (i) by striking ``of''; and
                            (ii) by striking ``Secretary, and may'' and 
                        inserting the following: ``Secretary;
            ``(2) in the case of a certifying agent operating in a 
        foreign country, shall be for a period of time that is 
        consistent with the certification of a domestic certifying 
        agent, as determined appropriate by the Secretary; and
            ``(3) may''.
    (e) National Organic Standards Board.--Section 2119(i) of the 
Organic Foods Production Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 6518(i)) is amended--
            (1) by striking ``Two-thirds'' and inserting the following:
            ``(1) In general.--\2/3\''; and
            (2) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(2) National list.--Any vote on a motion proposing to 
        amend the national list shall be considered to be a decisive 
        vote that requires \2/3\ of the votes cast at a meeting of the 
        Board at which a quorum is present to prevail.''.
    (f) Investigations.--Section 2120(b) of the Organic Foods 
Production Act (7 U.S.C. 6519(b)) is amended by adding at the end the 
following:
            ``(3) Information sharing during active investigation.--In 
        carrying out this title, all parties conducting an active 
        investigation under this subsection (including certifying 
        agents, State organic certification programs, and the national 
        organic program) shall share confidential business information 
        with Federal and State government officers and employees and 
        certifying agents involved in the investigation as necessary to 
        fully investigate and enforce potential violations of this 
        title.
            ``(4) Expedited procedures for foreign operations.--
                    ``(A) Establishment.--The Secretary shall establish 
                expedited investigative procedures under this 
                subsection to review the accreditation of a certifying 
                agent operating in a foreign country under any of the 
                circumstances described in subparagraph (B).
                    ``(B) Expedited procedures.--The Secretary shall 
                promptly carry out expedited investigative procedures 
                established under subparagraph (A) to review the 
                accreditation of a certifying agent operating in a 
                foreign country if--
                            ``(i) the accreditation of the certifying 
                        agent is revoked by a foreign government--
                                    ``(I) operating an organic 
                                certification program described in 
                                section 2106(b)(1); or
                                    ``(II) that acted under an 
                                equivalency arrangement negotiated 
                                between the United States and the 
                                foreign government; or
                            ``(ii) the Secretary determines that there 
                        is a sudden and substantial increase in the 
                        rate and quantity of imports of an individual 
                        organically produced agricultural product from 
                        the foreign country, in which case the 
                        expedited investigative procedures shall be 
                        carried out with respect to each certifying 
                        agent of that agricultural product in that 
                        foreign country.''.
    (g) Data Organization and Access.--Section 2122 of the Organic 
Foods Production Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 6521) is amended by adding at 
the end the following:
    ``(c) Data Relating to Imports of Organically Produced Agricultural 
Products.--
            ``(1) Access to data documentation systems.--The head of 
        each Federal agency that administers a cross-border 
        documentation system shall provide to the head of each other 
        Federal agency that administers such a system access to 
        available data from the system, including--
                    ``(A) the Automated Commercial Environment system 
                of U.S. Customs and Border Protection; and
                    ``(B) the Phytosanitary Certificate Issuance and 
                Tracking System of the Animal and Plant Health 
                Inspection Service.
            ``(2) Data collection and organization system.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall establish a 
                new system or modify an existing data collection and 
                organization system to collect and organize in a single 
                system quantitative data on imports of each organically 
                produced agricultural product accepted into the United 
                States.
                    ``(B) Access.--The single system under subparagraph 
                (A) shall be accessible by any agency with the 
                authority to engage in--
                            ``(i) inspection of imports of agricultural 
                        products;
                            ``(ii) trade data collection and 
                        organization; or
                            ``(iii) enforcement of trade requirements 
                        for organically produced agricultural 
                        products.''.
    (h) Organic Agricultural Product Imports Interagency Working 
Group.--The Organic Foods Production Act of 1990 is amended by 
inserting after section 2122 (7 U.S.C. 6521) the following:

``SEC. 2122A. ORGANIC AGRICULTURAL PRODUCT IMPORTS INTERAGENCY WORKING 
              GROUP.

    ``(a) Establishment.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary and the Secretary of 
        Homeland Security shall jointly establish a working group to 
        facilitate coordination and information sharing between the 
        Department of Agriculture and U.S. Customs and Border 
        Protection relating to imports of organically produced 
        agricultural products (referred to in this section as the 
        `working group').
            ``(2) Members.--The working group--
                    ``(A) shall include--
                            ``(i) the Secretary (or a designee); and
                            ``(ii) the Secretary of Homeland Security 
                        (or a designee); and
                    ``(B) shall not include any non-Federal officer or 
                employee.
            ``(3) Duties.--The working group shall facilitate 
        coordination and information sharing between the Department of 
        Agriculture and U.S. Customs and Border Protection for the 
        purposes of--
                    ``(A) identifying imports of organically produced 
                agricultural products;
                    ``(B) verifying the authenticity of organically 
                produced agricultural product import documentation, 
                such as national organic program import certificates;
                    ``(C) ensuring imported agricultural products 
                represented as organically produced meet the 
                requirements under this title;
                    ``(D) collecting and organizing quantitative data 
                on imports of organically produced agricultural 
                products; and
                    ``(E) reporting to Congress on--
                            ``(i) enforcement activity carried out by 
                        the Department of Agriculture or U.S. Customs 
                        and Border Protection in the United States or 
                        abroad; and
                            ``(ii) barriers to preventing agricultural 
                        products fraudulently represented as 
                        organically produced from entry into the United 
                        States.
            ``(4) Designated employees and officials.--An employee or 
        official designated to carry out the duties of the Secretary or 
        the Secretary of Homeland Security on the working group under 
        subparagraph (A) or (B) of paragraph (2) shall be an employee 
        or official compensated at a rate of pay not less than the 
        minimum annual rate of basic pay for GS-12 under section 5332 
        of title 5, United States Code.
    ``(b) Reports.--On an annual basis, the working group shall submit 
to Congress and make publically available on the websites of the 
Department of Agriculture and U.S. Customs and Border Protection the 
following reports:
            ``(1) Organic trade enforcement interagency coordination 
        report.--A report--
                    ``(A) identifying existing barriers to cooperation 
                between the agencies involved in agricultural product 
                import inspection, trade data collection and 
                organization, and organically produced agricultural 
                product trade enforcement, including--
                            ``(i) U.S. Customs and Border Protection;
                            ``(ii) the Agricultural Marketing Service; 
                        and
                            ``(iii) the Animal and Plant Health 
                        Inspection Service;
                    ``(B) assessing progress toward integrating organic 
                trade enforcement into import inspection procedures of 
                U.S. Customs and Border Protection and the Animal and 
                Plant Health Inspection Service, including an 
                assessment of--
                            ``(i) the status of the development of 
                        systems for--
                                    ``(I) tracking the fumigation of 
                                imports of organically produced 
                                agricultural products into the United 
                                States; and
                                    ``(II) electronically verifying 
                                national organic program import 
                                certificate authenticity; and
                            ``(ii) training of U.S. Customs and Border 
                        Protection personnel on--
                                    ``(I) the use of the systems 
                                described in clause (i); and
                                    ``(II) requirements and protocols 
                                under this title;
                    ``(C) establishing outcome-based goals for ensuring 
                imports of agricultural products represented as 
                organically produced meet the requirements under this 
                title;
                    ``(D) recommending steps to improve the 
                documentation and traceability of imported organically 
                produced agricultural products;
                    ``(E) recommending and describing steps toward the 
                goals of--
                            ``(i) achieving complete compliance with 
                        the requirements of this title for all 
                        agricultural products imported into the United 
                        States and represented as organically produced; 
                        and
                            ``(ii) ensuring accurate labeling and 
                        marketing of imported agricultural products 
                        represented as organically produced by the 
                        exporter;
                    ``(F) providing a timeline for implementing the 
                steps described in subparagraph (E);
                    ``(G) identifying additional resources needed to 
                achieve any unmet goals; and
                    ``(H) describing staffing needs at U.S. Customs and 
                Border Protection and the Department of Agriculture to 
                achieve the goals for ensuring organic integrity 
                described in the report.
            ``(2) Report on enforcement actions taken on organic 
        imports.--A report--
                    ``(A) providing detailed quantitative data (broken 
                down by commodity type, quantity, value, month, and 
                origin) on imports of agricultural products represented 
                as organically produced found to be fraudulent or 
                lacking any documentation required under this title at 
                the port of entry during the report year;
                    ``(B) providing data on domestic enforcement 
                actions taken on imported agricultural products 
                represented as organically produced, including--
                            ``(i) the number and type of actions taken 
                        by United States officials at ports of entry in 
                        response to violations of this title; and
                            ``(ii) the total quantity and value of the 
                        agricultural products that were the subject of 
                        the actions, broken down by product variety and 
                        country of origin;
                    ``(C) providing data on fumigation of agricultural 
                products represented as organically produced at ports 
                of entry and notifications of fumigation actions to 
                shipment owners, broken down by product variety and 
                country of origin; and
                    ``(D) providing information on enforcement 
                activities under this title involving overseas 
                investigations and compliance actions taken within that 
                year, including--
                            ``(i) the number of investigations by 
                        country; and
                            ``(ii) a descriptive summary of compliance 
                        actions taken by certifying agents in each 
                        country.''.
    (i) Authorization of Appropriations.--Section 2123 of the Organic 
Foods Production Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 6522) is amended--
            (1) by striking the section heading and inserting 
        ``funding'';
            (2) in subsection (b), by striking paragraphs (1) through 
        (7) and inserting the following:
            ``(1) $15,000,000 for fiscal year 2018;
            ``(2) $16,500,000 for fiscal year 2019;
            ``(3) $18,000,000 for fiscal year 2020;
            ``(4) $20,000,000 for fiscal year 2021;
            ``(5) $22,000,000 for fiscal year 2022; and
            ``(6) $24,000,000 for fiscal year 2023.''; and
            (3) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(d) Modernization of Trade Tracking and Data Collection 
Systems.--
            ``(1) In general.--Of the funds of the Commodity Credit 
        Corporation, the Secretary shall use to carry out section 
        2106(b)(3) $5,000,000 for fiscal year 2019, to remain available 
        until expended.
            ``(2) Additional amount.--The amount made available under 
        paragraph (1) shall be in addition to any other amounts made 
        available to carry out section 2106(b)(3).''.
    (j) Trade Savings Provision.--The amendments made by subsections 
(c), (d), and (f) shall be carried out in a manner consistent with 
United States obligations under international agreements.

SEC. 10105. NATIONAL ORGANIC CERTIFICATION COST-SHARE PROGRAM.

    (a) Elimination of Directed Delegation.--Section 10606(a) of the 
Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002 (7 U.S.C. 6523(a)) is 
amended by striking ``(acting through the Agricultural Marketing 
Service)''.
    (b) Funding.--Section 10606 of the Farm Security and Rural 
Investment Act of 2002 (7 U.S.C. 6523) is amended by striking 
subsection (d) and inserting the following:
    ``(d) Mandatory Funding.--Of the funds of the Commodity Credit 
Corporation, the Secretary shall make available to carry out this 
section $11,500,000 for each of fiscal years 2019 through 2023, to 
remain available until expended.''.

SEC. 10106. FOOD SAFETY EDUCATION INITIATIVES.

    Section 10105(c) of the Food, Conservation, and Energy Act of 2008 
(7 U.S.C. 7655a(c)) is amended by striking ``2018'' and inserting 
``2023''.

SEC. 10107. SPECIALTY CROP BLOCK GRANTS.

    Section 101 of the Specialty Crops Competitiveness Act of 2004 (7 
U.S.C. 1621 note; Public Law 108-465) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a), by striking ``2018'' and inserting 
        ``2023'';
            (2) in subsection (e)--
                    (A) by striking ``shall identify'' and inserting 
                the following: ``shall--
            ``(1) identify'';
                    (B) in paragraph (1) (as so designated), by 
                striking ``plan and indicate'' and inserting the 
                following: ``plan;
            ``(2) indicate'';
                    (C) in paragraph (2) (as so designated), by 
                striking ``crops.'' and inserting ``crops at the 
                national, regional, and local levels;''; and
                    (D) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(3) include performance measures developed by the State 
        department of agriculture, in consultation with specialty crop 
        stakeholders, to be used as the primary means for performing an 
        evaluation; and
            ``(4) provide best practices for methods used to enhance 
        the competitiveness of specialty crops across multiple 
        commodities, types of production, and geographic locations.'';
            (3) in subsection (f)--
                    (A) in the second sentence, by striking ``The 
                Secretary'' and inserting the following:
            ``(2) Acceptance or rejection.--The Secretary'';
                    (B) in the matter preceding paragraph (2) (as so 
                designated), by striking ``In reviewing'' and inserting 
                the following:
            ``(1) In general.--In reviewing''; and
                    (C) in paragraph (1) (as so designated)--
                            (i) by striking ``would carry'' and 
                        inserting the following: ``would--
                    ``(A) carry''; and
                            (ii) in subparagraph (A) (as so 
                        designated), by striking ``(a).'' and inserting 
                        the following: ``(a); and
                    ``(B) meet the requirements described in subsection 
                (e).'';
            (4) in subsection (h)--
                    (A) in the paragraph heading, by inserting ``and 
                Evaluation'' after ``Audit'';
                    (B) in the second sentence, by striking ``Not later 
                than 30 days after the completion of the audit,'' and 
                inserting the following:
            ``(2) Submission of audit.--Not later than 30 days after 
        the completion of the audit under paragraph (1)(A),'';
                    (C) in the matter preceding paragraph (2) (as so 
                designated), by striking ``For each'' and inserting the 
                following:
            ``(1) In general.--For each''; and
                    (D) in paragraph (1) (as so designated)--
                            (i) by striking ``conduct an audit'' and 
                        inserting the following: ``conduct--
                    ``(A) an audit''; and
                            (ii) in subparagraph (A) (as so 
                        designated), by striking ``State.'' and 
                        inserting the following: ``State; and
                    ``(B) an evaluation of performance measures 
                developed under subsection (e)(3).'';
            (5) in subsection (k)--
                    (A) in paragraph (1), by striking ``3'' and 
                inserting ``4'';
                    (B) in paragraph (2), by striking ``8'' and 
                inserting ``9''; and
                    (C) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(3) Guidance.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Each year, prior to the 
                submission of State plans under subsection (d), the 
                Secretary shall provide guidance to States regarding 
                best practices and national and regional priorities.
                    ``(B) National and regional priorities.--National 
                and regional priorities described in subparagraph (A) 
                shall be--
                            ``(i) based on formal stakeholder input; 
                        and
                            ``(ii) considered by the Secretary as 
                        States develop State plans under subsection 
                        (d).
            ``(4) Multistate projects.--Notwithstanding subsection (a) 
        and paragraph (1), the Administrator of the Agricultural 
        Marketing Service shall administer the funds of approved 
        multistate projects under subsection (j).''; and
            (6) in subsection (l)(2)(E), by inserting ``and each fiscal 
        year thereafter'' before the period at the end.

SEC. 10108. PLANT VARIETY PROTECTION.

    Section 42(a) of the Plant Variety Protection Act (7 U.S.C. 
2402(a)) is amended in the matter preceding paragraph (1) by striking 
``or tuber propagated'' and inserting ``tuber propagated or asexually 
propagated''.

SEC. 10109. MULTIPLE CROP AND PESTICIDE USE SURVEY.

    (a) In General.--The Secretary, acting through the Director of the 
Office of Pest Management Policy, shall conduct a multiple crop and 
pesticide use survey of farmers to collect data for risk assessment 
modeling and mitigation for an active ingredient.
    (b) Submission.--The Secretary shall submit to the Administrator of 
the Environmental Protection Agency and make publically available the 
survey described in subsection (a).
    (c) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be 
appropriated to carry out this section $2,500,000, to remain available 
until expended.
    (d) Confidentiality of Information.--Section 1770 of the Food 
Security Act of 1985 (7 U.S.C. 2276) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a)--
                    (A) by striking ``(a) In the case'' and inserting 
                the following:
    ``(a) In General.--In the case''; and
                    (B) in paragraph (3), by striking ``subsection 
                (d)(12)'' and inserting ``paragraph (12) or (13) of 
                subsection (d)''; and
            (2) in subsection (d)--
                    (A) by striking ``(d) For purposes'' and inserting 
                the following:
    ``(d) Provisions of Law References.--For purposes'';
                    (B) in paragraph (11), by striking ``or'' at the 
                end;
                    (C) in paragraph (12), by striking the period at 
                the end and inserting ``; or''; and
                    (D) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(13) section 10109 of the Agriculture Improvement Act of 
        2018.''.

SEC. 10110. CLARIFICATION OF USE OF FUNDS FOR TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE.

    Section 11 of the Commodity Credit Corporation Charter Act (15 
U.S.C. 714i) is amended in the last sentence by inserting after 
``activities'' the following: ``but excluding any amounts used to 
provide technical assistance under title X of the Agriculture 
Improvement Act of 2018 or an amendment made by that title.''.

SEC. 10111. HEMP PRODUCTION.

    The Agricultural Marketing Act of 1946 (7 U.S.C. 1621 et seq.) is 
amended by adding at the end the following:

                     ``Subtitle G--Hemp Production

``SEC. 297A. DEFINITIONS.

    ``In this subtitle:
            ``(1) Hemp.--The term `hemp' means the plant Cannabis 
        sativa L. and any part of that plant, including the seeds 
        thereof and all derivatives, extracts, cannabinoids, isomers, 
        acids, salts, and salts of isomers, whether growing or not, 
        with a delta-9 tetrahydrocannabinol concentration of not more 
        than 0.3 percent on a dry weight basis.
            ``(2) Indian tribe.--The term `Indian tribe' has the 
        meaning given the term in section 4 of the Indian Self-
        Determination and Education Assistance Act (25 U.S.C. 5304).
            ``(3) Secretary.--The term `Secretary' means the Secretary 
        of Agriculture.
            ``(4) State.--The term `State' means--
                    ``(A) a State;
                    ``(B) the District of Columbia;
                    ``(C) the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico; and
                    ``(D) any other territory or possession of the 
                United States.
            ``(5) State department of agriculture.--The term `State 
        department of agriculture' means the agency, commission, or 
        department of a State government responsible for agriculture in 
        the State.
            ``(6) Tribal government.--The term `Tribal government' 
        means the governing body of an Indian tribe.

``SEC. 297B. STATE AND TRIBAL PLANS.

    ``(a) Submission.--
            ``(1) In general.--A State or Indian tribe desiring to have 
        primary regulatory authority over the production of hemp in the 
        State or territory of the Indian tribe shall submit to the 
        Secretary, through the State department of agriculture (in 
        consultation with the Governor and chief law enforcement 
        officer of the State) or the Tribal government, as applicable, 
        a plan under which the State or Indian tribe monitors and 
        regulates that production as described in paragraph (2).
            ``(2) Contents.--A State or Tribal plan referred to in 
        paragraph (1)--
                    ``(A) shall only be required to include--
                            ``(i) a practice to maintain relevant 
                        information regarding land on which hemp is 
                        produced in the State or territory of the 
                        Indian tribe, including a legal description of 
                        the land, for a period of not less than 3 
                        calendar years;
                            ``(ii) a procedure for testing, using post-
                        decarboxylation or other similarly reliable 
                        methods, delta-9 tetrahydrocannabinol 
                        concentration levels of hemp produced in the 
                        State or territory of the Indian tribe;
                            ``(iii) a procedure for the effective 
                        disposal of products that are produced in 
                        violation of this subtitle;
                            ``(iv) a procedure to comply with the 
                        enforcement procedures under subsection (d);
                            ``(v) a procedure for conducting annual 
                        inspections of a random sample of hemp 
                        producers--
                                    ``(I) to verify that hemp is not 
                                produced in violation of this subtitle; 
                                and
                                    ``(II) in a manner that ensures 
                                that a hemp producer is subject to not 
                                more than 1 inspection each year; and
                            ``(vi) a certification that the State or 
                        Indian tribe has the resources and personnel to 
                        carry out the practices and procedures 
                        described in clauses (i) through (v); and
                    ``(B) may include any other practice or procedure 
                established by a State or Indian tribe, as applicable, 
                to the extent that the practice or procedure is 
                consistent with this subtitle.
            ``(3) Relation to state and tribal law.--
                    ``(A) No preemption.--Nothing in this subsection 
                preempts or limits any law of a State or Indian tribe 
                regulating the production of hemp, to the extent that 
                law is consistent with this subtitle.
                    ``(B) References in plans.--A State or Tribal plan 
                referred to in paragraph (1) may include a reference to 
                a law of the State or Indian tribe regulating the 
                production of hemp, to the extent that law is 
                consistent with this subtitle.
    ``(b) Approval.--
            ``(1) In general.--Not later than 60 days after receipt of 
        a State or Tribal plan under subsection (a), the Secretary 
        shall--
                    ``(A) approve the State or Tribal plan if the State 
                or Tribal plan complies with subsection (a); or
                    ``(B) disapprove the State or Tribal plan only if 
                the State or Tribal plan does not comply with 
                subsection (a).
            ``(2) Amended plans.--If the Secretary disapproves a State 
        or Tribal plan under paragraph (1)(B), the State, through the 
        State department of agriculture (in consultation with the 
        Governor and chief law enforcement officer of the State) or the 
        Tribal government, as applicable, may submit to the Secretary 
        an amended State or Tribal plan that complies with subsection 
        (a).
            ``(3) Consultation.--The Secretary may consult with the 
        Attorney General in carrying out this subsection.
    ``(c) Technical Assistance.--The Secretary may provide technical 
assistance to a State or Indian tribe in the development of a State or 
Tribal plan under subsection (a).
    ``(d) Violations.--
            ``(1) In general.--A violation of a State or Tribal plan 
        approved under subsection (b) shall be subject to enforcement 
        solely in accordance with this subsection.
            ``(2) Negligent violations.--
                    ``(A) In general.--A hemp producer in a State or 
                the territory of an Indian tribe for which a State or 
                Tribal plan is approved under subsection (b) shall be 
                subject to subparagraph (B) of this paragraph if the 
                State department of agriculture or Tribal government, 
                as applicable, determines that the hemp producer has 
                negligently violated the State or Tribal plan, 
                including by negligently--
                            ``(i) failing to provide a legal 
                        description of land on which the producer 
                        produces hemp;
                            ``(ii) failing to obtain a license or other 
                        required authorization from the State 
                        department of agriculture or Tribal government, 
                        as applicable; or
                            ``(iii) producing Cannabis sativa L. with a 
                        delta-9 tetrahydrocannabinol concentration of 
                        more than 0.3 percent on a dry weight basis.
                    ``(B) Corrective action plan.--A hemp producer 
                described in subparagraph (A) shall comply with a plan 
                established by the State department of agriculture or 
                Tribal government, as applicable, to correct the 
                negligent violation, including--
                            ``(i) a reasonable date by which the hemp 
                        producer shall correct the negligent violation; 
                        and
                            ``(ii) a requirement that the hemp producer 
                        shall periodically report to the State 
                        department of agriculture or Tribal government, 
                        as applicable, on the compliance of the hemp 
                        producer with the State or Tribal plan for a 
                        period of not less than the next 2 calendar 
                        years.
                    ``(C) Result of negligent violation.--Except as 
                provided in subparagraph (D), a hemp producer that 
                negligently violates a State or Tribal plan under 
                subparagraph (A) shall not as a result of that 
                violation be subject to any criminal or civil 
                enforcement action by the Federal Government or any 
                State government, Tribal government, or local 
                government other than the enforcement action authorized 
                under subparagraph (B).
                    ``(D) Repeat violations.--A hemp producer that 
                negligently violates a State or Tribal plan under 
                subparagraph (A) 3 times in a 5-year period shall be 
                ineligible to produce hemp for a period of 5 years 
                beginning on the date of the third violation.
            ``(3) Other violations.--
                    ``(A) In general.--If the State department of 
                agriculture or Tribal government in a State or the 
                territory of an Indian tribe for which a State or 
                Tribal plan is approved under subsection (b), as 
                applicable, determines that a hemp producer in the 
                State or territory has violated the State or Tribal 
                plan with a culpable mental state greater than 
                negligence--
                            ``(i) the State department of agriculture 
                        or Tribal government, as applicable, shall 
                        immediately report the hemp producer to--
                                    ``(I) the Attorney General; and
                                    ``(II) in the case of a State 
                                department of agriculture, the chief 
                                law enforcement officer of the State; 
                                and
                            ``(ii) paragraph (1) of this subsection 
                        shall not apply to the violation.
                    ``(B) Felony.--Any person convicted of a felony 
                relating to a controlled substance under State or 
                Federal law shall be ineligible--
                            ``(i) to participate in the program 
                        established under this section; and
                            ``(ii) to produce hemp under any 
                        regulations or guidelines issued under section 
                        297D(a).
                    ``(C) False statement.--Any person who materially 
                falsifies any information contained in an application 
                to participate in the program established under this 
                section shall be ineligible to participate in that 
                program.
    ``(e) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be 
appropriated such sums as are necessary to carry out this section.
    ``(f) Effect.--Nothing in this section prohibits the production of 
hemp in a State or the territory of an Indian tribe for which a State 
or Tribal plan is not approved under this section in accordance with 
section 297C or other Federal laws (including regulations).

``SEC. 297C. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE.

    ``(a) Department of Agriculture Plan.--
            ``(1) In general.--In the case of a State or Indian tribe 
        for which a State or Tribal plan is not approved under section 
        297B, the production of hemp in that State or the territory of 
        that Indian tribe shall be subject to a plan established by the 
        Secretary to monitor and regulate that production in accordance 
        with paragraph (2).
            ``(2) Content.--A plan established by the Secretary under 
        paragraph (1) shall include--
                    ``(A) a practice to maintain relevant information 
                regarding land on which hemp is produced in the State 
                or territory of the Indian tribe, including a legal 
                description of the land, for a period of not less than 
                3 calendar years;
                    ``(B) a procedure for testing, using post-
                decarboxylation or other similarly reliable methods, 
                delta-9 tetrahydrocannabinol concentration levels of 
                hemp produced in the State or territory of the Indian 
                tribe;
                    ``(C) a procedure for the effective disposal of 
                products that are produced in violation of this 
                subtitle;
                    ``(D) a procedure to comply with the enforcement 
                procedures under subsection (c)(2);
                    ``(E) a procedure for conducting annual inspections 
                of a random sample of hemp producers--
                            ``(i) to verify that hemp is not produced 
                        in violation of this subtitle; and
                            ``(ii) in a manner that ensures that a hemp 
                        producer is subject to not more than 1 
                        inspection each year; and
                    ``(F) such other practices or procedures as the 
                Secretary considers to be appropriate, to the extent 
                that the practice or procedure is consistent with this 
                subtitle.
    ``(b) Licensing.--The Secretary shall establish a procedure to 
issue licenses to hemp producers in accordance with a plan established 
under subsection (a).
    ``(c) Violations.--
            ``(1) In general.--In the case of a State or Indian tribe 
        for which a State or Tribal plan is not approved under section 
        297B, it shall be unlawful to produce hemp in that State or the 
        territory of that Indian tribe without a license issued by the 
        Secretary under subsection (b).
            ``(2) Negligent and other violations.--A violation of a 
        plan established under subsection (a) shall be subject to 
        enforcement in accordance with paragraphs (2) and (3) of 
        section 297B(d), except that the Secretary shall carry out that 
        enforcement instead of a State department of agriculture or 
        Tribal government.
            ``(3) Reporting to attorney general.--In the case of a 
        State or Indian tribe covered by paragraph (1), the Secretary 
        shall report the production of hemp without a license issued by 
        the Secretary under subsection (b) to the Attorney General.

``SEC. 297D. AUTHORITY TO ISSUE REGULATIONS AND GUIDELINES; EFFECT ON 
              OTHER LAW.

    ``(a) Authority.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall have sole authority 
        to issue Federal regulations and guidelines that relate to the 
        production of hemp, including Federal regulations and 
        guidelines that relate to the implementation of sections 297B 
        and 279C.
            ``(2) Consultation with attorney general.--The Secretary 
        may consult with the Attorney General before issuing 
        regulations and guidelines under paragraph (1).
    ``(b) Effect on Other Law.--Nothing in this subtitle shall affect 
or modify--
            ``(1) the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 
        301 et seq.); or
            ``(2) the authority of the Commissioner of Food and Drugs 
        and the Secretary of Health and Human Services under that 
        Act.''.

SEC. 10112. RULE OF CONSTRUCTION.

    Nothing in this title authorizes interference with the interstate 
commerce of hemp (as defined in section 297A of the Agricultural 
Marketing Act of 1946, as added by section 10111).

                        TITLE XI--CROP INSURANCE

SEC. 11101. DEFINITIONS.

    Section 502(b) of the Federal Crop Insurance Act (7 U.S.C. 1502(b)) 
is amended--
            (1) by redesignating paragraphs (6), (7), (8), (9), (10), 
        and (11) as paragraphs (7), (8), (10), (11), (12), and (13) 
        respectively;
            (2) by inserting after paragraph (5) the following:
            ``(6) Cover crop termination.--The term `cover crop 
        termination' means a practice that historically and under 
        reasonable circumstances results in the termination of the 
        growth of a cover crop.''; and
            (3) by inserting after paragraph (8) (as so redesignated) 
        the following:
            ``(9) Hemp.--The term `hemp' has the meaning given the term 
        in section 297A of the Agricultural Marketing Act of 1946.''.

SEC. 11102. DATA COLLECTION.

    Section 506(h)(2) of the Federal Crop Insurance Act (7 U.S.C. 
1506(h)(2)) is amended--
            (1) by striking ``The Corporation'' and inserting the 
        following:
                    ``(A) In general.--The Corporation''; and
            (2) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(B) National agricultural statistics service.--
                Data collected by the National Agricultural Statistics 
                Service, whether published or unpublished, shall be--
                            ``(i) provided in an aggregate form to the 
                        Corporation for the purpose of providing 
                        insurance under this subtitle; and
                            ``(ii) kept confidential by the Corporation 
                        in the same manner and to the same extent as is 
                        required under--
                                    ``(I) section 1770 of the Food 
                                Security Act of 1985 (7 U.S.C. 2276); 
                                and
                                    ``(II) the Confidential Information 
                                Protection and Statistical Efficiency 
                                Act of 2002 (44 U.S.C. 3501 note; 
                                Public Law 107-347).
                    ``(C) Noninsured crop disaster assistance 
                program.--In collecting data under this subsection, the 
                Secretary shall ensure that--
                            ``(i) appropriate data are collected 
                        through the noninsured crop disaster assistance 
                        program established by section 196 of the 
                        Federal Agriculture Improvement and Reform Act 
                        of 1996 (7 U.S.C. 7333); and
                            ``(ii) not less frequently than annually, 
                        the Farm Service Agency shares, and the 
                        Corporation considers, the data described in 
                        clause (i).''.

SEC. 11103. SHARING OF RECORDS.

    Section 506(h)(3) of the Federal Crop Insurance Act (7 U.S.C. 
1506(h)(3)) is amended by inserting ``applicants who have received 
payment under section 522(b)(2)(E),'' after ``divisions,''.

SEC. 11104. USE OF RESOURCES.

    Section 507(f) of the Federal Crop Insurance Act (7 U.S.C. 1507(f)) 
is amended--
            (1) by striking paragraphs (3) and (4) and inserting the 
        following:
            ``(3) the Farm Service Agency, in assisting the Board in--
                    ``(A) the determination of individual producer 
                yields;
                    ``(B) sharing information on beginning farmers and 
                ranchers and veteran farmers and ranchers;
                    ``(C) investigating potential waste, fraud, or 
                abuse;
                    ``(D) sharing information to support the transition 
                of crops and counties from the noninsured crop disaster 
                assistance program established by section 196 of the 
                Federal Agriculture Improvement and Reform Act of 1996 
                (7 U.S.C. 7333) to insurance under this subtitle; and
                    ``(E) serving as a local point of contact for the 
                dissemination of information on risk management options 
                available to farmers and ranchers; and
            ``(4) other Federal agencies, in assisting the Board in any 
        way the Board determines is necessary in carrying out this 
        subtitle.'';
            (2) in paragraph (2), by striking ``(2) the'' and inserting 
        the following:
            ``(2) the''; and
            (3) by striking ``(f) The Board'' in the matter preceding 
        paragraph (1) and all that follows through the semicolon at the 
        end of paragraph (1) and inserting the following:
    ``(f) Use of Resources, Data, Boards, and Committees of Federal 
Agencies.--The Board shall use, to the maximum extent practicable, the 
resources, data, boards, and the committees of--
            ``(1) the Natural Resources Conservation Service, in 
        assisting the board in--
                    ``(A) the classification of land as to risk and 
                production capability;
                    ``(B) the assessment of--
                            ``(i) long-term trends in, and impacts 
                        from, weather variability; and
                            ``(ii) opportunities to ameliorate the 
                        impacts described in clause (i); and
                    ``(C) the consideration of acceptable conservation 
                practices, including good farming practices with 
                respect to conservation (such as cover crop 
                termination);''.

SEC. 11105. SPECIALTY CROPS.

    (a) Specialty Crops Coordinator.--Section 507(g) of the Federal 
Crop Insurance Act (7 U.S.C. 1507(g)) is amended by adding at the end 
the following:
            ``(4) Specialty crop liaisons.--The Specialty Crops 
        Coordinator shall--
                    ``(A) designate a Specialty Crops Liaison in each 
                regional field office; and
                    ``(B) share the contact information of the 
                Specialty Crops Liaisons with specialty crop producers.
            ``(5) Website.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The Specialty Crops Coordinator 
                shall establish a website focused on the efforts of the 
                Corporation to provide and expand crop insurance for 
                specialty crop producers.
                    ``(B) Inclusions.--The website established under 
                subparagraph (A) shall include--
                            ``(i) an online mechanism to provide 
                        comments or feedback relating to specialty 
                        crops;
                            ``(ii) a calendar of opportunities to 
                        provide comments or feedback at specialty crop 
                        events or in other public forums; and
                            ``(iii) a plan, with projected completion 
                        dates, for examining--
                                    ``(I) potential new crops to be 
                                added to existing policies or plans of 
                                insurance for specialty crops;
                                    ``(II) opportunities to expand 
                                existing policies or plans of insurance 
                                for specialty crops to new areas; and
                                    ``(III) the potential for providing 
                                additional policies or plans of 
                                insurance for specialty crops, such as 
                                adding a revenue option or 
                                endorsement.''.
    (b) Addition of Specialty Crops and Other Value-added Crops.--
Section 508(a)(6) of the Federal Crop Insurance Act (7 U.S.C. 
1508(a)(6)) is amended--
            (1) in the paragraph heading, by adding at the end the 
        following: ``(including value-added crops)'';
            (2) by striking subparagraph (A) and inserting the 
        following:
                    ``(A) Annual review.--Not later than 1 year after 
                the date of enactment of the Agriculture Improvement 
                Act of 2018, and annually thereafter, the manager of 
                the Corporation shall prepare, to the maximum extent 
                practicable, based on data shared from the noninsured 
                crop disaster assistance program established by section 
                196 of the Federal Agriculture Improvement and Reform 
                Act of 1996 (7 U.S.C. 7333), written agreements, or 
                other data, and present to the Board not less than 2 of 
                each of the following:
                            ``(i) Research and development for a policy 
                        or plan of insurance for a new crop.
                            ``(ii) Expansion of an existing policy or 
                        plan of insurance to additional counties or 
                        States, including malting barley endorsements 
                        or contract options.
                            ``(iii) Research and development for a new 
                        policy or plan of insurance, or endorsement, 
                        for crops with existing policies or plans of 
                        insurance, such as dollar plans.'';
            (3) in subparagraph (B), in the subparagraph heading, by 
        striking ``Addition of new crops'' and inserting ``Report''; 
        and
            (4) by striking subparagraphs (C) and (D).

SEC. 11106. INSURANCE PERIOD.

    Section 508(a)(2) of the Federal Crop Insurance Act (7 U.S.C. 
1508(a)(2)) is amended by striking ``and sweet potatoes'' and inserting 
``sweet potatoes, and hemp''.

SEC. 11107. COVER CROPS.

    Section 508(a) of the Federal Crop Insurance Act (7 U.S.C. 1508(a)) 
is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (3)--
                    (A) in subparagraph (A)(iii), by striking 
                ``practices'' the first place it appears and all that 
                follows through the period at the end and inserting 
                ``practices.'';
                    (B) by redesignating subparagraphs (B) and (C) as 
                subparagraphs (C) and (D), respectively;
                    (C) by inserting after subparagraph (A) the 
                following:
                    ``(B) Voluntary good farming practices.--
                            ``(i) In general.--Subject to clause (ii), 
                        the following voluntary practices shall be 
                        considered good farming practices under 
                        subparagraph (A)(iii):
                                    ``(I) A scientifically sound, 
                                sustainable, and organic farming 
                                practice, as determined by the 
                                Secretary.
                                    ``(II) A conservation activity or 
                                enhancement (including cover crops) 
                                that is approved by the Natural 
                                Resources Conservation Service or an 
                                agricultural expert, as determined by 
                                the Secretary.
                            ``(ii) Expected growth.--A practice 
                        described in subclause (I) or (II) of clause 
                        (i) shall be considered a good farming practice 
                        only if under that practice the insured crop 
                        may be expected to make normal progress toward 
                        maturity under typical growing conditions, as 
                        determined by the Secretary.''; and
                    (D) in subparagraph (C) (as so redesignated), in 
                the subparagraph heading, by inserting ``determination 
                review'' after ``practices''; and
            (2) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(11) Cover crop termination.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Cover crop termination shall not 
                affect the insurability of a subsequently planted 
                insurable crop if the cover crop termination is carried 
                out according to guidelines--
                            ``(i) established by the Secretary; or
                            ``(ii) approved by--
                                    ``(I) the Natural Resources 
                                Conservation Service; or
                                    ``(II) an agricultural expert, as 
                                determined by the Corporation.
                    ``(B) Summer fallow.--In a county in which summer 
                fallow is an insurable practice, a cover crop in that 
                county that is terminated according to guidelines 
                established by the Secretary shall be considered as 
                summer fallow for the purpose of insurability.''.

SEC. 11108. UNDERSERVED PRODUCERS.

    Section 508(a)(7) of the Federal Crop Insurance Act (7 U.S.C. 
1508(a)(7)) is amended--
            (1) in the paragraph heading, by inserting ``and 
        underserved producers'' after ``states'';
            (2) in subparagraph (A)--
                    (A) by striking the designation and heading and all 
                that follows through ``the term'' and inserting the 
                following:
                    ``(A) Definitions.--In this paragraph:
                            ``(i) Adequately served.--The term'';
                    (B) in clause (i) (as so designated), by striking 
                ``participation rate'' and inserting ``participation 
                rate, by crop,''; and
                    (C) by adding at the end the following:
                            ``(ii) Underserved producer.--The term 
                        `underserved producer' means a beginning farmer 
                        or rancher, a veteran farmer or rancher, or a 
                        socially disadvantaged farmer or rancher.'';
            (3) in subparagraph (B)--
                    (A) by striking ``The Board'' and inserting the 
                following:
                            ``(i) In general.--The Board'';
                    (B) in clause (i) (as so designated), by striking 
                ``subtitle'' and inserting ``subtitle, including 
                policies and plans of insurance for underserved 
                producers,''; and
                    (C) by adding at the end the following:
                            ``(ii) Types of production.--In conducting 
                        the review under clause (i), the Board shall 
                        examine the types of production common among 
                        underserved producers, such as diversified 
                        production for local markets.''; and
            (4) by striking subparagraph (C) and inserting the 
        following:
                    ``(C) Report.--
                            ``(i) In general.--Not later than 30 days 
                        after completion of the review under 
                        subparagraph (B)(i), and not less frequently 
                        than once every 3 years thereafter, the Board 
                        shall make publically available and submit to 
                        the Committee on Agriculture of the House of 
                        Representatives and the Committee on 
                        Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the 
                        Senate a report describing the results of the 
                        review.
                            ``(ii) Recommendations.--The report under 
                        clause (i) shall include recommendations to 
                        increase participation in States and among 
                        underserved producers that are not adequately 
                        served by the policies and plans of insurance, 
                        including any plans for administrative action 
                        or recommendations for Congressional action.''.

SEC. 11109. EXPANSION OF PERFORMANCE-BASED DISCOUNT.

    Section 508(d)(3) of the Federal Crop Insurance Act (7 U.S.C. 
1508(d)(3)) is amended--
            (1) by striking ``The Corporation'' and inserting the 
        following:
                    ``(A) In general.--The Corporation''; and
            (2) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(A) Risk-reducing practice discount.--
                            ``(i) In general.--Beginning with the 2020 
                        reinsurance year, the Corporation may offer 
                        discounts under subparagraph (A) for practices 
                        that can be demonstrated to reduce risk 
                        relative to other practices.
                            ``(ii) Review.--In determining practices 
                        for which to offer discounts under clause (i), 
                        the Corporation shall--
                                    ``(I) for the 2020 reinsurance 
                                year, consider precision irrigation or 
                                fertilization, crop rotations, cover 
                                crops, and any other practices 
                                determined appropriate by the 
                                Corporation; and
                                    ``(II) on an annual basis, seek 
                                expert opinion and consider additional 
                                practices based on new evidence.''.

SEC. 11110. ENTERPRISE UNITS.

    Section 508(e)(5) of the Federal Crop Insurance Act (7 U.S.C. 
1508(e)(5)) is amended by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(E) Enterprise units across county lines.--The 
                Corporation may allow a producer to establish a single 
                enterprise unit by combining an enterprise unit with--
                            ``(i) 1 or more other enterprise units in 1 
                        or more other counties; or
                            ``(ii) all basic units and all optional 
                        units in 1 or more other counties.''.

SEC. 11111. PASTURE, RANGELAND, AND FORAGE POLICY FOR MEMBERS OF INDIAN 
              TRIBES.

    Section 508(e)(7) of the Federal Crop Insurance Act (7 U.S.C. 
1508(e)(7)) is amended by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(D) Pasture, rangeland, and forage policy for 
                members of indian tribes.--With respect to a policy or 
                plan of insurance established under this subtitle for 
                producers of livestock commodities the source of 
                feedstock of which is pasture, rangeland, and forage, 
                the premium subsidy for a member of an Indian tribe (as 
                defined in section 4 of the Indian Self-Determination 
                and Education Assistance Act (25 U.S.C. 5304)), as 
                certified to the Secretary by the Chairperson of that 
                Indian tribe (or a designee), shall be 90 percent for 
                the first purchase of that policy or plan of insurance 
                by that member of an Indian tribe.''.

SEC. 11112. SUBMISSION OF POLICIES AND MATERIALS TO BOARD.

    Section 508(h) of the Federal Crop Insurance Act (7 U.S.C. 1508(h)) 
is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (1)(B)--
                    (A) by redesignating clauses (i) through (iii) as 
                subclauses (I) through (III), respectively, and 
                indenting appropriately;
                    (B) in the matter preceding subclause (I) (as so 
                redesignated), by striking ``The Corporation shall'' 
                and inserting the following:
                            ``(i) In general.--The Corporation shall'';
                    (C) in clause (i)(I) (as so redesignated), by 
                inserting ``subject to clause (ii),'' before ``will 
                likely''; and
                    (D) by adding at the end the following:
                            ``(ii) Waiver for hemp.--The Corporation 
                        may waive the viability and marketability 
                        requirement under clause (i)(I) in the case of 
                        a policy or pilot program relating to the 
                        production of hemp.''; and
            (2) in paragraph (3)(C)--
                    (A) in clause (ii), by striking ``and'' at the end;
                    (B) in clause (iii), by striking the period at the 
                end and inserting ``; and''; and
                    (C) by adding at the end the following:
                            ``(iv) in the case of reviewing policies 
                        and other materials relating to the production 
                        of hemp, may waive the viability and 
                        marketability requirement under subparagraph 
                        (A)(ii)(I).''.

SEC. 11113. WHOLE FARM REVENUE AGENT INCENTIVES.

    Section 508(k)(4) of the Federal Crop Insurance Act (7 U.S.C. 
1508(k)(4)) is amended by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(G) Whole farm revenue agent incentives.--
                            ``(i) In general.--Beginning with the 2019 
                        reinsurance year, in the case of an agent that 
                        sells a Whole Farm Revenue Policy, or a 
                        successor policy, the Corporation shall provide 
                        to the approved insurance provider, to pay to 
                        the agent, an additional reimbursement, 
                        determined in accordance with the following:
                                    ``(I) If the compensation of the 
                                agent authorized under the Standard 
                                Reinsurance Agreement for the policy is 
                                less than $1,000, the reimbursement 
                                shall be an amount equal to the 
                                difference between--
                                            ``(aa) $1,000; and
                                            ``(bb) the amount 
                                        authorized under the Standard 
                                        Reinsurance Agreement for the 
                                        policy.
                                    ``(II) If the producer, or any 
                                entity in which the producer had an 
                                insurable interest, has never 
                                previously obtained coverage under a 
                                Whole Farm Revenue Policy, or a 
                                successor policy, in addition to any 
                                amount authorized under subclause (I), 
                                the reimbursement shall be $300 for 
                                each Whole Farm Revenue Policy, or 
                                successor policy.
                            ``(ii) Limitation on use.--Any additional 
                        reimbursement authorized under clause (i) shall 
                        not be included for the purpose of establishing 
                        the limitation on the compensation for agents 
                        under the Standard Reinsurance Agreement.''.

SEC. 11114. CROP PRODUCTION ON NATIVE SOD.

    Section 508(o) of the Federal Crop Insurance Act (7 U.S.C. 1508(o)) 
is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (2), by striking subparagraph (A) and 
        inserting the following:
                    ``(A) In general.--
                            ``(i) Agricultural act of 2014.--Native sod 
                        acreage that has been tilled for the production 
                        of an insurable crop during the period 
                        beginning on February 8, 2014, and ending on 
                        the date of enactment of the Agriculture 
                        Improvement Act of 2018 shall be subject to 4 
                        cumulative years of a reduction in benefits 
                        under this subtitle as described in this 
                        paragraph.
                            ``(ii) Subsequent years.--
                                    ``(I) Non-hay and non-forage 
                                crops.--As determined by the Secretary, 
                                native sod acreage that has been tilled 
                                for the production of an insurable crop 
                                other than a hay or forage crop after 
                                the date of enactment of the 
                                Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018 
                                shall be subject to 4 cumulative years 
                                of a reduction in benefits under this 
                                subtitle as described in this 
                                paragraph.
                                    ``(II) Hay and forage crops.--
                                During each crop year of planting, as 
                                determined by the Secretary, native sod 
                                acreage that has been tilled for the 
                                production of an insurable hay or 
                                forage crop after the date of enactment 
                                of the Agriculture Improvement Act of 
                                2018 shall be subject to 4 cumulative 
                                years of a reduction in benefits under 
                                this subtitle as described in this 
                                paragraph.'';
            (2) by redesignating paragraph (3) as paragraph (4);
            (3) by inserting after paragraph (2) the following:
            ``(3) Native sod conversion certification.--
                    ``(A) Certification.--As a condition on the receipt 
                of benefits under this subtitle, a producer that has 
                tilled native sod acreage for the production of an 
                insurable crop as described in paragraph (2)(A) shall 
                certify to the Secretary that acreage using--
                            ``(i) an acreage report form of the Farm 
                        Service Agency (FSA-578 or any successor form); 
                        and
                            ``(ii) 1 or more maps.
                    ``(B) Corrections.--Beginning on the date on which 
                a producer submits a certification under subparagraph 
                (A), as soon as practicable after the producer 
                discovers a change in tilled native sod acreage 
                described in that subparagraph, the producer shall 
                submit to the Secretary any appropriate corrections to 
                a form or map described in clause (i) or (ii) of that 
                subparagraph.
                    ``(C) Annual reports.--Not later than January 1, 
                2019, and each January 1 thereafter through January 1, 
                2023, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on 
                Agriculture of the House of Representatives and the 
                Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of 
                the Senate a report that describes the tilled native 
                sod acreage that has been certified under subparagraph 
                (A) in each county and State as of the date of 
                submission of the report.''; and
            (4) in paragraph (4) (as so redesignated)--
                    (A) by striking ``This subsection'' and inserting 
                the following:
                    ``(A) In general.--Subject to subparagraph (B), 
                this subsection''; and
                    (B) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(B) Election.--A governor of a State other than a 
                State described in subparagraph (A) may elect to have 
                this paragraph apply to the State.''.

SEC. 11115. USE OF NATIONAL AGRICULTURAL STATISTICS SERVICE DATA TO 
              COMBAT WASTE, FRAUD, AND ABUSE.

    Section 515 of the Federal Crop Insurance Act (7 U.S.C. 1515) is 
amended--
            (1) in subsection (d)(1)--
                    (A) in subparagraph (B), by striking ``and'' at the 
                end;
                    (B) in subparagraph (C), by striking the period at 
                the end and inserting ``; and''; and
                    (C) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(D) using published aggregate data from the 
                National Agricultural Statistics Service or any other 
                data source to--
                            ``(i) detect yield disparities or other 
                        data anomalies that indicate potential fraud; 
                        and
                            ``(ii) target the relevant counties, crops, 
                        regions, companies, or agents associated with 
                        that potential fraud for audits and other 
                        enforcement actions.''; and
            (2) in subsection (f)(2)(A), by striking ``pursuant to'' 
        each place it appears and inserting ``under''.

SEC. 11116. SUBMISSION OF INFORMATION TO CORPORATION.

    Section 515(g) of the Federal Crop Insurance Act (7 U.S.C. 1515(g)) 
is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (1), by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(D) The actual production history to be used to 
                establish insurable yields.''; and
            (2) in paragraph (2)--
                    (A) by striking ``The information required by 
                paragraph (1)'' and inserting the following:
                    ``(A) In general.--The information required to be 
                submitted under subparagraphs (A) through (C) of 
                paragraph (1)''; and
                    (B) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(B) Actual production history.--The information 
                required to be submitted under paragraph (1)(D) with 
                respect to an applicable policy or plan of insurance 
                shall be submitted so as to ensure receipt by the 
                Corporation not later than the Saturday of the week 
                containing the calendar day that is 30 days after the 
                applicable production reporting date for the crop to be 
                insured.''.

SEC. 11117. ACREAGE REPORT STREAMLINING INITIATIVE.

    Section 515(j)(1)(B)(ii) of the Federal Crop Insurance Act (7 
U.S.C. 1515(j)(1)(B)(ii)) is amended--
            (1) by striking ``As soon'' and inserting the following:
                                    ``(I) In general.--As soon'';
            (2) in subclause (I) (as so designated), by striking 
        ``information'' and inserting ``information, electronically 
        (including in the form of geospatial data) or conventionally,'' 
        and
            (3) by adding at the end the following:
                                    ``(II) Method for determining 
                                common information requirements.--Not 
                                later than September 30, 2020, the 
                                Administrator of the Risk Management 
                                Agency and the Administrator of the 
                                Farm Service Agency shall implement a 
                                consistent method for determining crop 
                                acreage, acreage yields, farm acreage, 
                                property descriptions, and other common 
                                informational requirements, including 
                                measures of common land units.
                                    ``(III) Acceptance of data.--The 
                                Corporation shall require each approved 
                                insurance provider to accept from a 
                                producer or an authorized agent of a 
                                producer reports of crop acreage, 
                                acreage yields, and other information 
                                electronically (including in the form 
                                of geospatial data) or conventionally, 
                                at the option of the producer or the 
                                agent of the producer, as 
                                applicable.''.

SEC. 11118. CONTINUING EDUCATION FOR LOSS ADJUSTERS AND AGENTS.

    Section 515 of the Federal Crop Insurance Act (7 U.S.C. 1515) is 
amended--
            (1) by redesignating subsection (k) as subsection (l); and
            (2) by inserting after subsection (j) the following:
    ``(k) Continuing Education for Loss Adjusters and Agents.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Corporation shall establish 
        requirements for continuing education for loss adjusters and 
        agents of approved insurance providers.
            ``(2) Requirements.--The requirements for continuing 
        education described in paragraph (1) shall ensure that loss 
        adjusters and agents of approved insurance providers are 
        familiar with appropriate conservation activities and agronomic 
        practices that--
                    ``(A) are common and appropriate to the area in 
                which the insured crop being inspected is produced; and
                    ``(B) include organic and sustainable practices.''.

SEC. 11119. FUNDING FOR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY.

    Section 515 of the Federal Crop Insurance Act (7 U.S.C. 1515) is 
amended in subsection (l)(1)(A) (as redesignated by section 11118(1))--
            (1) by striking clause (ii);
            (2) in clause (i)--
                    (A) by striking ``(i)(I) for'' and inserting the 
                following:
                            ``(i) for'';
                    (B) by striking ``and'' at the end; and
                    (C) by redesignating subclause (II) as clause (ii);
            (3) in clause (ii) (as so redesignated), by striking ``or'' 
        at the end and inserting ``and''; and
            (4) by inserting after clause (ii) (as so redesignated) the 
        following:
                            ``(iii) for each of fiscal years 2019 and 
                        2020, $1,000,000.''.

SEC. 11120. AGRICULTURAL COMMODITY.

    Section 518 of the Federal Crop Insurance Act (7 U.S.C. 1518) is 
amended by inserting ``hemp,'' before ``aquacultural species''.

SEC. 11121. REIMBURSEMENT OF RESEARCH, DEVELOPMENT, AND MAINTENANCE 
              COSTS.

    Section 522(b) of the Federal Crop Insurance Act (7 U.S.C. 1522(b)) 
is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (2), by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(K) Waiver for hemp.--The Board may waive the 
                viability and marketability requirements under this 
                paragraph in the case of research and development 
                relating to a policy to insure the production of 
                hemp.''; and
            (2) in paragraph (3)--
                    (A) by striking ``The Corporation'' and inserting 
                the following:
                    ``(A) In general.--Subject to subparagraph (B), the 
                Corporation''; and
                    (B) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(B) Waiver for hemp.--The Corporation may waive 
                the marketability requirement under subparagraph (A) in 
                the case of research and development relating to a 
                policy to insure the production of hemp.''.

SEC. 11122. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY.

    Section 522(c) of the Federal Crop Insurance Act (7 U.S.C. 1522(c)) 
is amended--
            (1) by striking paragraphs (7) through (18) and (20) 
        through (23);
            (2) by redesignating paragraphs (19) and (24) as paragraphs 
        (7) and (8), respectively;
            (3) in paragraph (7) (as so redesignated) (entitled ``Whole 
        farm diversified risk management insurance plan''), by adding 
        at the end the following:
                    ``(E) Review of modifications to improve 
                effectiveness.--
                            ``(i) In general.--Not later than 2 years 
                        after the date of enactment of the Agriculture 
                        Improvement Act of 2018, the Corporation 
                        shall--
                                    ``(I) hold stakeholder meetings to 
                                solicit producer and agent feedback;
                                    ``(II) review procedures and 
                                paperwork requirements on agents and 
                                producers; and
                                    ``(III) modify procedures and 
                                requirements, as appropriate, to 
                                decrease burdens and increase 
                                flexibility and effectiveness.
                            ``(ii) Factors.--In carrying out subclauses 
                        (II) and (III) of clause (i), the Corporation 
                        shall consider--
                                    ``(I) removing caps on nursery and 
                                livestock production;
                                    ``(II) allowing a waiver to expand 
                                operations, especially for small and 
                                beginning farmers;
                                    ``(III) minimizing paperwork for 
                                producers and agents;
                                    ``(IV) implementing an option for 
                                producers with less than $1,000,000 in 
                                gross revenue that requires 
                                significantly less paperwork and 
                                recordkeeping;
                                    ``(V) developing and using 
                                alternative records such as time-
                                stamped photographs or technology 
                                applications to document planting and 
                                production history;
                                    ``(VI) treating the different 
                                growth stages of aquaculture species as 
                                separate crops to recognize the 
                                difference in perils at different 
                                phases of growth;
                                    ``(VII) moderating the impacts of 
                                disaster years on historic revenue, 
                                such as--
                                            ``(aa) using an average of 
                                        the historic and projected 
                                        revenue;
                                            ``(bb) counting indemnities 
                                        as historic revenue for loss 
                                        years; or
                                            ``(cc) using an assigned 
                                        yield floor similar to a T-
                                        yield, as determined by the 
                                        Secretary; and
                                    ``(VIII) improving agent training 
                                and outreach to underserved regions and 
                                sectors such as small dairy farms.''; 
                                and
            (4) by inserting after paragraph (8) (as so redesignated) 
        the following:
            ``(9) Irrigated grain sorghum crop insurance policy.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The Corporation shall carry out 
                research and development, or offer to enter into 1 or 
                more contracts with 1 or more qualified persons to 
                carry out research and development--
                            ``(i) regarding improvements to 1 or more 
                        policies to insure irrigated grain sorghum; and
                            ``(ii) regarding alternative methods for 
                        producers with not more than 4 years of 
                        production history to insure irrigated grain 
                        sorghum.
                    ``(B) Report.--Not later than 1 year after the date 
                of enactment of the Agriculture Improvement Act of 
                2018, the Corporation shall submit to the Committee on 
                Agriculture of the House of Representatives and the 
                Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of 
                the Senate a report that describes--
                            ``(i) the results of the research and 
                        development conducted under subparagraph (A); 
                        and
                            ``(ii) any recommendations with respect to 
                        those results.
            ``(10) Limited irrigation practices.--
                    ``(A) Authority.--The Corporation shall--
                            ``(i) expand the availability of the 
                        limited irrigation insurance program to not 
                        fewer than 2 neighboring and similarly situated 
                        States (such as the States of Colorado and 
                        Nebraska), as determined by the Secretary;
                            ``(ii) carry out research, or offer to 
                        enter into 1 or more contracts with 1 or more 
                        qualified persons to carry out research, on the 
                        marketability of the existing limited 
                        irrigation insurance program; and
                            ``(iii) make recommendations on how to 
                        improve participation in that program.
                    ``(B) Research.--In carrying out research under 
                subparagraph (A), a qualified person shall--
                            ``(i) collaborate with researchers on the 
                        subjects of--
                                    ``(I) reduced irrigation practices 
                                or limited irrigation practices; and
                                    ``(II) expected yield reductions 
                                following the application of reduced 
                                irrigation;
                            ``(ii) collaborate with State and Federal 
                        officials responsible for the collection of 
                        water and the regulation of water use for the 
                        purpose of irrigation;
                            ``(iii) provide recommendations to 
                        encourage producers to carry out limited 
                        irrigation practices or reduced irrigation and 
                        water conservation practices; and
                            ``(iv) develop web-based applications that 
                        will streamline access to coverage for 
                        producers electing to conserve water use on 
                        irrigated crops.
                    ``(C) Report.--Not later than 18 months after the 
                date of enactment of the Agriculture Improvement Act of 
                2018, the Corporation shall submit to the Committee on 
                Agriculture of the House of Representatives and the 
                Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of 
                the Senate a report that describes--
                            ``(i) the results of the research carried 
                        out under subparagraphs (A) and (B);
                            ``(ii) any recommendations to encourage 
                        producers to carry out limited irrigation 
                        practices or reduced irrigation and water 
                        conservation practices; and
                            ``(iii) the actions taken by the 
                        Corporation to carry out the recommendations 
                        described in clause (ii).
            ``(11) Quality loss.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The Corporation shall carry out 
                research and development, or offer to enter into 1 or 
                more contracts with 1 or more qualified persons to 
                carry out research and development, regarding the 
                establishment of each of the following alternative 
                methods of adjusting for quality losses:
                            ``(i) A method that does not impact the 
                        average production history of a producer.
                            ``(ii) A method that is optional for a 
                        producer to elect to use.
                            ``(iii) A method that provides that, in 
                        circumstances in which a producer has suffered 
                        a quality loss to the insured crop of the 
                        producer that is insufficient to trigger an 
                        indemnity payment, the producer may elect to 
                        exclude that quality loss from the actual 
                        production history of the producer.
                            ``(iv) 1 or more methods that combine 2 or 
                        more of the methods described in clauses (i) 
                        through (iii).
                    ``(B) Requirements.--Notwithstanding subsections 
                (g) and (m) of section 508, any method developed under 
                subparagraph (A) that is used by the Corporation shall 
                be--
                            ``(i) optional for a producer to use; and
                            ``(ii) offered at an actuarially sound 
                        premium rate.
                    ``(C) Report.--Not later than 1 year after the date 
                of enactment of the Agriculture Improvement Act of 
                2018, the Corporation shall submit to the Committee on 
                Agriculture of the House of Representatives and the 
                Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of 
                the Senate a report that describes the results of the 
                research and development carried out under subparagraph 
                (A).
            ``(12) Citrus.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The Corporation shall carry out 
                research and development, or offer to enter into 1 or 
                more contracts with 1 or more qualified persons to 
                carry out research and development, regarding the 
                insurance of citrus fruit commodities and commodity 
                types, including research and development of--
                            ``(i) improvements to 1 or more existing 
                        policies, including the whole-farm revenue 
                        protection pilot policy;
                            ``(ii) alternative methods of insuring 
                        revenue for citrus fruit commodities and 
                        commodity types; and
                            ``(iii) the development of new, or 
                        expansion of existing, revenue policies for 
                        citrus fruit commodities and commodity types.
                    ``(B) Report.--Not later than 1 year after the date 
                of enactment of the Agriculture Improvement Act of 
                2018, the Corporation shall submit to the Committee on 
                Agriculture of the House of Representatives and the 
                Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of 
                the Senate a report that describes--
                            ``(i) the results of the research and 
                        development carried out under subparagraph (A); 
                        and
                            ``(ii) any recommendations with respect to 
                        those results.
            ``(13) Greenhouse policy.--
                    ``(A) In general.--
                            ``(i) Research and development.--The 
                        Corporation shall carry out research and 
                        development, or offer to enter into 1 or more 
                        contracts with 1 or more qualified persons to 
                        carry out research and development, regarding a 
                        policy to insure in a controlled environment 
                        such as a greenhouse--
                                    ``(I) the production of 
                                floriculture, nursery, and bedding 
                                plants;
                                    ``(II) the establishment of 
                                cuttings or tissue culture in a growing 
                                medium; or
                                    ``(III) other similar production, 
                                as determined by the Secretary.
                            ``(ii) Availability of policy or plan of 
                        insurance.--Notwithstanding the last sentence 
                        of section 508(a)(1), and section 508(a)(2), 
                        the Corporation shall make a policy or plan of 
                        insurance described in clause (i) available if 
                        the requirements of section 508(h) are met.
                    ``(B) Research and development described.--Research 
                and development described in subparagraph (A)(i) shall 
                evaluate the effectiveness of policies and plans of 
                insurance for the production of plants in a controlled 
                environment, including policies and plans of insurance 
                that--
                            ``(i) are based on the risk of--
                                    ``(I) plant diseases introduced 
                                from the environment;
                                    ``(II) contaminated cuttings, 
                                seedlings, or tissue culture; or
                                    ``(III) Federal or State quarantine 
                                or destruction orders associated with 
                                the contaminated items described in 
                                subclause (II);
                            ``(ii) consider other causes of loss 
                        applicable to a controlled environment, such as 
                        a loss of electricity due to weather;
                            ``(iii) consider appropriate best practices 
                        to minimize the risk of loss;
                            ``(iv) consider whether to provide coverage 
                        for various types of plants under 1 policy or 
                        plan of insurance or to provide coverage for 1 
                        species or type of plant per policy or plan of 
                        insurance;
                            ``(v) have streamlined reporting and 
                        paperwork requirements that take into account 
                        short propagation schedules, variable crop 
                        years, and the variety of plants that may be 
                        produced in a single facility; and
                            ``(vi) provide protection for revenue 
                        losses.
                    ``(C) Report.--Not later than 1 year after the date 
                of enactment of the Agriculture Improvement Act of 
                2018, the Corporation shall submit to the Committee on 
                Agriculture of the House of Representatives and the 
                Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of 
                the Senate a report that--
                            ``(i) describes the results of the research 
                        and development conducted under subparagraphs 
                        (A)(i) and (B); and
                            ``(ii) any recommendations with respect to 
                        those results.
            ``(14) Hops.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The Corporation shall carry out 
                research and development, or offer to enter into 1 or 
                more contracts with 1 or more qualified persons to 
                carry out research and development, regarding a policy 
                to insure the production of hops or revenue derived 
                from the production of hops.
                    ``(B) Report.--Not later than 1 year after the date 
                of enactment of the Agriculture Improvement Act of 
                2018, the Corporation shall submit to the Committee on 
                Agriculture of the House of Representatives and the 
                Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of 
                the Senate a report that describes--
                            ``(i) the results of the research and 
                        development conducted under subparagraph (A); 
                        and
                            ``(ii) any recommendations with respect to 
                        those results.
            ``(15) Local foods.--
                    ``(A) In general.--
                            ``(i) Research and development.--The 
                        Corporation shall carry out research and 
                        development, or offer to enter into 1 or more 
                        contracts with 1 or more qualified persons to 
                        carry out research and development, regarding a 
                        policy to insure production--
                                    ``(I) of floriculture, fruits, 
                                vegetables, poultry, livestock, or the 
                                products of floriculture, fruits, 
                                vegetables, poultry, or livestock; and
                                    ``(II) that is targeted toward 
                                local consumers and markets.
                            ``(ii) Availability of policy or plan of 
                        insurance.--Notwithstanding the last sentence 
                        of section 508(a)(1), and section 508(a)(2), 
                        the Corporation shall make a policy or plan of 
                        insurance described in clause (i) available if 
                        the requirements of section 508(h) are met.
                    ``(B) Research and development described.--Research 
                and development described in subparagraph (A)(i) shall 
                evaluate the effectiveness of policies and plans of 
                insurance for production targeted toward local 
                consumers and markets, including policies and plans of 
                insurance that--
                            ``(i) consider small-scale production in 
                        various areas, including urban, suburban, and 
                        rural areas;
                            ``(ii) consider a variety of marketing 
                        strategies, including--
                                    ``(I) direct-to-consumer marketing;
                                    ``(II) farmers markets;
                                    ``(III) farm-to-institution 
                                marketing; and
                                    ``(IV) marketing through community-
                                supported agriculture;
                            ``(iii) allow for production in soil and in 
                        alternative systems such as vertical systems, 
                        greenhouses, rooftops, or hydroponic systems;
                            ``(iv) consider the price premium when 
                        accounting for production or revenue losses;
                            ``(v) consider whether to provide 
                        coverage--
                                    ``(I) for various types of 
                                production under 1 policy or plan of 
                                insurance; and
                                    ``(II) for 1 species or type of 
                                plant per policy or plan of insurance; 
                                and
                            ``(vi) have streamlined reporting and 
                        paperwork requirements.
                    ``(C) Report.--Not later than 1 year after the date 
                of enactment of the Agriculture Improvement Act of 
                2018, the Corporation shall submit to the Committee on 
                Agriculture of the House of Representatives and the 
                Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of 
                the Senate a report that--
                            ``(i) examines whether a version of 
                        existing policies such as the whole-farm 
                        revenue protection insurance plan may be 
                        tailored to provide improved coverage for 
                        producers of local foods;
                            ``(ii) describes the results of the 
                        research and development conducted under 
                        subparagraphs (A) and (B); and
                            ``(iii) includes any recommendations with 
                        respect to those results.
            ``(16) Insurable irrigation practices for rice.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The Corporation shall carry out 
                research and development, or offer to enter into 1 or 
                more contracts with 1 or more qualified persons to 
                carry out research and development, to include new and 
                innovative irrigation practices under the current rice 
                policy or the development of a distinct plan of 
                insurance or policy endorsement rated for rice produced 
                using--
                            ``(i) alternate wetting and drying 
                        practices (also referred to as `intermittent 
                        flooding'); and
                            ``(ii) furrow irrigation practices.
                    ``(B) Report.--Not later than 1 year after the date 
                of enactment of the Agriculture Improvement Act of 
                2018, the Corporation shall submit to the Committee on 
                Agriculture of the House of Representatives and the 
                Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of 
                the Senate a report that describes--
                            ``(i) the results of the research and 
                        development carried out under paragraph (1); 
                        and
                            ``(ii) any recommendations with respect to 
                        those results.
            ``(17) High-risk, highly productive batture land policy.--
                    ``(A) In general.--
                            ``(i) Research and development.--The 
                        Corporation shall carry out research and 
                        development, or offer to enter into 1 or more 
                        contracts with 1 or more qualified persons to 
                        carry out research and development, regarding a 
                        policy to insure producers of corn, cotton, and 
                        soybeans--
                                    ``(I) with operations on highly 
                                productive batture land within the 
                                Lower Mississippi River Valley below 
                                Mississippi River mile 368.44;
                                    ``(II) that have a history of 
                                production of not less than 5 years; 
                                and
                                    ``(III) that have been impacted by 
                                more frequent flooding over the past 10 
                                years due to sedimentation and 
                                federally constructed engineering 
                                improvements.
                            ``(ii) Availability of policy or plan of 
                        insurance.--Notwithstanding the last sentence 
                        of section 508(a)(1), and section 508(a)(2), 
                        the Corporation shall make a policy or plan of 
                        insurance described in clause (i) available if 
                        the requirements of section 508(h) are met.
                    ``(B) Research and development described.--Research 
                and development described in subparagraph (A)(i) shall 
                evaluate the feasibility of less cost-prohibitive 
                policies and plans of insurance for batture-land 
                producers in high risk areas, including policies and 
                plans of insurance that--
                            ``(i) consider premium rate adjustments;
                            ``(ii) consider automatic yield exclusion 
                        for consecutive-year losses; and
                            ``(iii) allow for flexibility of final 
                        plant dates and prevent plant regulations.
                    ``(C) Report.--Not later than 1 year after the date 
                of enactment of the Agriculture Improvement Act of 
                2018, the Corporation shall submit to the Committee on 
                Agriculture of the House of Representatives and the 
                Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of 
                the Senate a report that--
                            ``(i) examines whether a version of 
                        existing policies may be tailored to provide 
                        improved coverage for batture-land producers;
                            ``(ii) describes the results of the 
                        research and development conducted under 
                        subparagraphs (A) and (B); and
                            ``(iii) includes any recommendations with 
                        respect to those results.''.

SEC. 11123. EDUCATION ASSISTANCE.

    Section 524(a)(3)(A) of the Federal Crop Insurance Act (7 U.S.C. 
1524(a)(3)(A)) is amended by inserting ``conservation activities,'' 
after ``benchmarking,''.

SEC. 11124. CROPLAND REPORT ANNUAL UPDATES.

    Section 11014(c)(2) of the Agricultural Act of 2014 (Public Law 
113-79; 128 Stat. 963) is amended in the matter preceding subparagraph 
(A) by striking ``2018'' and inserting ``2023''.

                        TITLE XII--MISCELLANEOUS

                         Subtitle A--Livestock

SEC. 12101. SHEEP PRODUCTION AND MARKETING GRANT PROGRAM.

    Section 209 of the Agricultural Marketing Act of 1946 (7 U.S.C. 
1627a) is amended by striking subsection (c) and inserting the 
following:
    ``(c) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be 
appropriated to the Secretary to carry out this section $1,500,000 for 
each of fiscal years 2019 through 2023.''.

SEC. 12102. NATIONAL ANIMAL HEALTH LABORATORY NETWORK.

    Section 10409A(d) of the Animal Health Protection Act (7 U.S.C. 
8308a(d)) is amended by striking ``$15,000,000 for each of fiscal years 
2014 through 2018'' and inserting ``$30,000,000 for each of fiscal 
years 2019 through 2023''.

SEC. 12103. NATIONAL ANIMAL DISEASE PREPAREDNESS, RESPONSE, AND 
              RECOVERY PROGRAM; NATIONAL ANIMAL VACCINE AND VETERINARY 
              COUNTERMEASURES BANK.

    The Animal Health Protection Act is amended by inserting after 
section 10409A (7 U.S.C. 8308a) the following:

``SEC. 10409B. NATIONAL ANIMAL DISEASE PREPAREDNESS, RESPONSE, AND 
              RECOVERY PROGRAM; NATIONAL ANIMAL VACCINE AND VETERINARY 
              COUNTERMEASURES BANK.

    ``(a) National Animal Disease Preparedness, Response, and Recovery 
Program.--
            ``(1) In general.--To prevent the introduction into or the 
        dissemination within the United States of any pest or disease 
        of animals affecting the economic interests of the livestock 
        and related industries of the United States (including the 
        maintenance and expansion of export market potential), the 
        Secretary shall establish a program to be known as the 
        `National Animal Disease Preparedness, Response, and Recovery 
        Program' (referred to in this subsection as the `Program').
            ``(2) Eligible activities.--Under the Program, the 
        Secretary shall support activities to prevent, detect, and 
        rapidly respond to animal pests and diseases, including--
                    ``(A) enhancing animal pest and disease analysis 
                and surveillance;
                    ``(B) expanding education and outreach;
                    ``(C) targeting domestic inspection activities at 
                vulnerable points in the safeguarding continuum;
                    ``(D) enhancing and strengthening threat 
                identification and technology;
                    ``(E) improving biosecurity;
                    ``(F) enhancing emergency preparedness and response 
                capabilities, including training additional emergency 
                response personnel;
                    ``(G) conducting technology development to enhance 
                electronic sharing of animal health data for risk 
                analysis between State and Federal animal health 
                officials;
                    ``(H) enhancing the development and effectiveness 
                of animal health technologies to treat and prevent 
                disease, including veterinary biologics, veterinary 
                diagnostics, animal drugs for minor use and minor 
                species, animal medical devices, and emerging 
                veterinary countermeasures; and
                    ``(I) such other activities as determined 
                appropriate by the Secretary, in consultation with 
                entities described in paragraph (3)(B).
            ``(3) Cooperative agreements.--
                    ``(A) In general.--In carrying out the Program, the 
                Secretary shall offer to enter into cooperative 
                agreements or other legal instruments with entities 
                described in subparagraph (B) to carry out activities 
                described in paragraph (2).
                    ``(B) Eligible entities.--The Secretary may enter 
                into a cooperative agreement or other legal instrument 
                under subparagraph (A) with 1 or more of the following 
                entities:
                            ``(i) A State department of agriculture.
                            ``(ii) The State veterinarian or chief 
                        animal health official of a State.
                            ``(iii) A land-grant college or university 
                        (as defined in section 1404 of the National 
                        Agricultural Research, Extension, and Teaching 
                        Policy Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 3103)).
                            ``(iv) A NLGCA Institution (as defined in 
                        section 1404 of the National Agricultural 
                        Research, Extension, and Teaching Policy Act of 
                        1977 (7 U.S.C. 3103)).
                            ``(v) A college of veterinary medicine.
                            ``(vi) A State or national livestock 
                        producer organization with a direct and 
                        significant economic interest in livestock 
                        production.
                            ``(vii) A State, national, allied, or 
                        regional veterinary organization or specialty 
                        board recognized by the American Veterinary 
                        Medical Association.
                            ``(viii) An Indian tribe.
                            ``(ix) A State emergency management agency.
                            ``(x) A Federal agency.
                    ``(C) Special funding considerations.--In entering 
                into cooperative agreements or other legal instruments 
                under subparagraph (A), the Secretary shall give 
                priority to--
                            ``(i) a State department of agriculture;
                            ``(ii) the State veterinarian or chief 
                        animal health official of a State; and
                            ``(iii) an eligible entity that shall carry 
                        out Program activities in a State or region in 
                        which--
                                    ``(I) an animal disease or pest is 
                                a Federal concern, as determined by the 
                                Secretary; or
                                    ``(II) there is potential for the 
                                spread of an animal disease or pest, as 
                                determined by the Secretary, taking 
                                into consideration--
                                            ``(aa) the agricultural 
                                        industries in that State or 
                                        region;
                                            ``(bb) factors contributing 
                                        to animal disease or pests in 
                                        that State or region, such as 
                                        climate, natural resources, 
                                        geography, native or exotic 
                                        wildlife species, and other 
                                        disease vectors; and
                                            ``(cc) the movement of 
                                        animals in that State or 
                                        region.
                    ``(D) Applications.--
                            ``(i) In general.--An entity described in 
                        subparagraph (B) desiring to enter into a 
                        cooperative agreement or other legal instrument 
                        under subparagraph (A) shall submit to the 
                        Secretary an application at such time and 
                        containing such information as the Secretary 
                        may require.
                            ``(ii) Notification.--The Secretary shall 
                        notify an entity that submits an application 
                        under clause (i) of--
                                    ``(I) the requirements to be 
                                imposed on the entity for auditing of, 
                                and reporting on, the use of any funds 
                                provided by the Secretary under the 
                                cooperative agreement or other legal 
                                instrument; and
                                    ``(II) the criteria to be used to 
                                ensure activities supported under the 
                                cooperative agreement or other legal 
                                instrument are based on sound 
                                scientific data or thorough risk 
                                assessments.
                    ``(E) Use of funds.--
                            ``(i) Subagreements.--Nothing in this 
                        section prevents an entity from using funds 
                        received under a cooperative agreement or other 
                        legal instrument under subparagraph (A) to 
                        enter into a subagreement with another 
                        organization or a political subdivision of a 
                        State that has legal responsibilities relating 
                        to animal disease prevention, surveillance, or 
                        rapid response.
                            ``(ii) Non-federal share.--In determining 
                        whether to enter into a cooperative agreement 
                        or other legal instrument with an entity under 
                        subparagraph (A), the Secretary--
                                    ``(I) may consider the ability of 
                                the entity to provide non-Federal funds 
                                to carry out the cooperative agreement 
                                or other legal instrument; but
                                    ``(II) shall not require the 
                                provision of non-Federal funds by an 
                                entity as a condition to enter into a 
                                cooperative agreement or other legal 
                                instrument.
                            ``(iii) Administration.--Of amounts made 
                        available to carry out the Program, not more 
                        than 10 percent may be retained by an entity 
                        that receives funds under a cooperative 
                        agreement or other legal instrument under 
                        subparagraph (A), including a subagreement 
                        under clause (i), to pay administrative costs 
                        incurred by the entity in carrying out the 
                        cooperative agreement or other legal 
                        instrument.
            ``(4) Consultation.--The Secretary shall consult with 
        entities described in paragraph (3)(B) in establishing 
        priorities under the Program.
            ``(5) Federal advisory committee act.--The Federal Advisory 
        Committee Act (5 U.S.C. App.) shall not apply to any 
        consultation by the Secretary with an entity described in 
        paragraph (3)(B) under the Program.
            ``(6) Reports.--Not later than 90 days after the date on 
        which an entity completes an activity prescribed and funded by 
        a cooperative agreement or other legal instrument under 
        paragraph (3)(A), the entity shall submit to the Secretary a 
        report that describes the purposes and results of the activity.
    ``(b) National Animal Vaccine and Veterinary Countermeasures 
Bank.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall establish a National 
        Animal Vaccine and Veterinary Countermeasures Bank to benefit 
        the domestic interests of the United States.
            ``(2) Requirements.--Under the National Animal Vaccine and 
        Veterinary Countermeasures Bank, the Secretary shall--
                    ``(A) leverage, as appropriate, the mechanisms and 
                infrastructure that have been developed for the 
                management, storage, and distribution of the National 
                Veterinary Stockpile; and
                    ``(B) maintain a sufficient quantity of animal 
                vaccine, antiviral, therapeutic products, diagnostic 
                products, and veterinary countermeasures--
                            ``(i) to appropriately respond to the most 
                        damaging animal diseases affecting human health 
                        or the economy; and
                            ``(ii) that will be capable of rapid 
                        deployment in the event of an outbreak of an 
                        animal disease described in clause (i).
            ``(3) Foot-and-mouth disease priority.--
                    ``(A) In general.--In carrying out paragraph (2), 
                the Secretary shall give priority to the maintenance of 
                a sufficient quantity of foot-and-mouth disease 
                vaccine, as determined by the Secretary, and 
                accompanying diagnostic products, covering, to the 
                maximum extent practicable, an appropriate 
                representation of foot-and-mouth disease serotypes and 
                strains for which appropriate vaccine products are 
                available.
                    ``(B) Contracts.--The Secretary may offer to enter 
                into 1 or more contracts with 1 or more entities that 
                produce foot-and-mouth disease vaccine--
                            ``(i) to maintain a bank of viral antigen 
                        concentrate or vaccine products for, to the 
                        maximum extent practicable, an appropriate 
                        representation of foot-and-mouth disease 
                        serotypes (as determined by the Secretary) for 
                        which antigen concentrate is available; and
                            ``(ii) to maintain surge production 
                        capacity to produce, as quickly as practicable, 
                        foot-and-mouth disease vaccine to address a 
                        foot-and-mouth disease outbreak.
    ``(c) Use of Funds.--
            ``(1) Federal administration.--Of amounts made available to 
        carry out this section, not greater than 4 percent may be 
        retained by the Secretary to pay administrative costs incurred 
        by the Secretary in carrying out this section.
            ``(2) Buildings and facilities.--None of the amounts made 
        available to carry out this section shall be used for--
                    ``(A) the construction of a new building or 
                facility;
                    ``(B) the acquisition or expansion of an existing 
                building or facility;
                    ``(C) site grading and improvement; or
                    ``(D) architect fees.
            ``(3) Proceeds.--The proceeds from the sale of any vaccine 
        or antigen by the National Animal Vaccine and Veterinary 
        Countermeasures Bank shall--
                    ``(A) be deposited in the Treasury;
                    ``(B) be credited to an account for the operation 
                of the National Animal Vaccine and Veterinary 
                Countermeasures Bank;
                    ``(C) be available for expenditure without further 
                appropriation; and
                    ``(D) remain available until expended.
    ``(d) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be 
appropriated such sums as are necessary to carry out this section, to 
remain available until expended.''.

SEC. 12104. STUDY ON LIVESTOCK DEALER STATUTORY TRUST.

    (a) In General.--The Secretary shall conduct a study to determine 
the feasibility of establishing a livestock dealer statutory trust.
    (b) Contents.--The study conducted under subsection (a) shall--
            (1) analyze how the establishment of a livestock dealer 
        statutory trust would affect buyer and seller behavior in 
        markets for livestock (as defined in section 2(a) of the 
        Packers and Stockyards Act, 1921 (7 U.S.C. 182));
            (2) consider what potential effects a livestock dealer 
        statutory trust would have on credit availability, including 
        impacts on lenders and lending behavior and other industry 
        participants;
            (3) examine unique circumstances common to livestock 
        dealers and how those circumstances could impact the 
        functionality of a livestock dealer statutory trust;
            (4) study the feasibility of the industry-wide adoption of 
        electronic funds transfer or another expeditious method of 
        payment to provide sellers of livestock protection from 
        nonsufficient funds payments;
            (5) assess the effectiveness of statutory trusts in other 
        segments of agriculture and whether similar effects could be 
        experienced under a livestock dealer statutory trust; and
            (6) consider the effects of exempting dealers with average 
        annual purchases under a de minimis threshold from being 
        subject to the livestock dealer statutory trust.
    (c) Report.--Not later than 540 days after the date of enactment of 
this Act, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Agriculture of 
the House of Representatives and the Committee on Agriculture, 
Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate a report describing the findings 
of the study conducted under subsection (a).

SEC. 12105. DEFINITION OF LIVESTOCK.

    Section 602(2) of the Emergency Livestock Feed Assistance Act of 
1988 (7 U.S.C. 1471(2)) is amended in the matter preceding subparagraph 
(A) by striking ``fish'' and all that follows through ``that--'' and 
inserting ``llamas, alpacas, live fish, crawfish, and other animals 
that--''.

                Subtitle B--Agriculture and Food Defense

SEC. 12201. REPEAL OF OFFICE OF HOMELAND SECURITY.

    Section 14111 of the Food, Conservation, and Energy Act of 2008 (7 
U.S.C. 8911) is repealed.

SEC. 12202. OFFICE OF HOMELAND SECURITY.

    Subtitle A of the Department of Agriculture Reorganization Act of 
1994 (7 U.S.C. 6911 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the 
following:

``SEC. 221. OFFICE OF HOMELAND SECURITY.

    ``(a) Definition of Agriculture and Food Defense.--In this section, 
the term `agriculture and food defense' means any action to prevent, 
protect against, mitigate the effects of, respond to, or recover from a 
naturally occurring, unintentional, or intentional threat to the 
agriculture and food system.
    ``(b) Authorization.--The Secretary shall establish in the 
Department the Office of Homeland Security.
    ``(c) Executive Director.--The Office of Homeland Security shall be 
headed by an Executive Director, who shall be known as the `Executive 
Director of Homeland Security'.
    ``(d) Duties.--The Executive Director of Homeland Security shall--
            ``(1) serve as the principal advisor to the Secretary on 
        homeland security, including emergency management and 
        agriculture and food defense;
            ``(2) coordinate activities of the Department, including 
        policies, processes, budget needs, and oversight relating to 
        homeland security, including emergency management and 
        agriculture and food defense;
            ``(3) act as the primary liaison on behalf of the 
        Department with other Federal departments and agencies in 
        activities relating to homeland security, including emergency 
        management and agriculture and food defense, and provide for 
        interagency coordination and data sharing;
            ``(4)(A) coordinate in the Department the gathering of 
        information relevant to early warning and awareness of threats 
        and risks to the food and agriculture critical infrastructure 
        sector; and
            ``(B) share that information with, and provide assistance 
        with interpretation and risk characterization of that 
        information to, the intelligence community (as defined in 
        section 3 of the National Security Act of 1947 (50 U.S.C 
        3003)), law enforcement agencies, the Secretary of Defense, the 
        Secretary of Homeland Security, the Secretary of Health and 
        Human Services, and State fusion centers (as defined in section 
        210A(j) of the Homeland Security Act of 2002 (6 U.S.C. 
        124h(j));
            ``(5) liaison with the Director of National Intelligence to 
        assist in the development of periodic assessments and 
        intelligence estimates, or other intelligence products, that 
        support the defense of the food and agriculture critical 
        infrastructure sector;
            ``(6) coordinate the conduct, evaluation, and improvement 
        of exercises to identify and eliminate gaps in preparedness and 
        response;
            ``(7) produce a Department-wide centralized strategic 
        coordination plan to provide a high-level perspective of the 
        operations of the Department relating to homeland security, 
        including emergency management and agriculture and food 
        defense; and
            ``(8) carry out other appropriate duties, as determined by 
        the Secretary.
    ``(e) Agriculture and Food Threat Awareness Partnership Program.--
            ``(1) Interagency exchange program.--The Secretary, in 
        partnership with the intelligence community (as defined in 
        section 3 of the National Security Act of 1947 (50 U.S.C. 
        3003)) and fusion centers (as defined in section 210A(j) of the 
        Homeland Security Act of 2002 (6 U.S.C. 124h(j)) that have 
        analysis and intelligence capabilities relating to the defense 
        of the food and agriculture critical infrastructure sector, 
        shall establish and carry out an interagency exchange program 
        of personnel and information to improve communication and 
        analysis for the defense of the food and agriculture critical 
        infrastructure sector.
            ``(2) Collaboration with federal, state, and local 
        authorities.--To carry out the program established under 
        paragraph (1), the Secretary may--
                    ``(A) enter into 1 or more cooperative agreements 
                or contracts with Federal, State, or local authorities 
                that have analysis and intelligence capabilities and 
                expertise relating to the defense of the food and 
                agriculture critical infrastructure sector; and
                    ``(B) carry out any other activity under any other 
                authority of the Secretary that is appropriate to 
                engage the authorities described in subparagraph (A) 
                for the defense of the food and agriculture critical 
                infrastructure sector, as determined by the 
                Secretary.''.

SEC. 12203. AGRICULTURE AND FOOD DEFENSE.

    (a) Definitions.--In this section:
            (1) Animal.--The term ``animal'' has the meaning given the 
        term in section 10403 of the Animal Health Protection Act (7 
        U.S.C. 8302).
            (2) Disease or pest of concern.--The term ``disease or pest 
        of concern'' means a plant or animal disease or pest that--
                    (A) is--
                            (i) a transboundary disease; or
                            (ii) an established disease; and
                    (B) is likely to pose a significant risk to the 
                food and agriculture critical infrastructure sector 
                that warrants efforts at prevention, protection, 
                mitigation, response, and recovery.
            (3) Established disease.--The term ``established disease'' 
        means a plant or animal disease or pest that--
                    (A)(i) if it becomes established, poses an imminent 
                threat to agriculture in the United States; or
                    (ii) has become established, as defined by the 
                Secretary, within the United States; and
                    (B) requires management.
            (4) High-consequence plant transboundary disease.--The term 
        ``high-consequence plant transboundary disease'' means a 
        transboundary disease that is--
                    (A)(i) a plant disease; or
                    (ii) a plant pest; and
                    (B) of high consequence, as determined by the 
                Secretary.
            (5) Pest.--The term ``pest''--
                    (A) with respect to a plant, has the meaning given 
                the term ``plant pest'' in section 403 of the Plant 
                Protection Act (7 U.S.C. 7702); and
                    (B) with respect to an animal, has the meaning 
                given the term in section 10403 of the Animal Health 
                Protection Act (7 U.S.C. 8302).
            (6) Plant.--The term ``plant'' has the meaning given the 
        term in section 403 of the Plant Protection Act (7 U.S.C. 
        7702).
            (7) Plant health management strategy.--The term ``plant 
        health management strategy'' means a strategy to timely control 
        and eradicate a plant disease or plant pest outbreak, including 
        through mitigation (such as chemical control), surveillance, 
        the use of diagnostic products and procedures, and the use of 
        existing resistant seed stock.
            (8) Transboundary disease.--
                    (A) In general.--The term ``transboundary disease'' 
                means a plant or animal disease or pest that is within 
                1 or more countries outside of the United States.
                    (B) Inclusion.--The term ``transboundary disease'' 
                includes a plant or animal disease or pest described in 
                subparagraph (A) that--
                            (i) has emerged within the United States; 
                        or
                            (ii) has been introduced within the United 
                        States.
            (9) Veterinary countermeasure.--The term ``veterinary 
        countermeasure'' means the use of any animal vaccine, 
        antiviral, therapeutic product, or diagnostic product to 
        respond to the most damaging animal diseases to animal and 
        human health and the economy.
    (b) Disease or Pest of Concern Response Planning.--
            (1) In general.--The Secretary shall--
                    (A) establish a list of diseases or pests of 
                concern by--
                            (i) developing a process to solicit and 
                        receive expert opinion and evidence relating to 
                        the diseases and pests of concern entered on 
                        the list; and
                            (ii) reviewing all available evidence 
                        relating to the diseases and pests of concern 
                        entered on the list, including classified 
                        information; and
                    (B) periodically update the list established under 
                subparagraph (A).
            (2) Response plans.--
                    (A) Comprehensive strategic response plan or 
                plans.--The Secretary shall develop, in collaboration 
                with appropriate Federal, State, regional, and local 
                officials, a comprehensive strategic response plan or 
                plans, as appropriate, for the diseases or pests of 
                concern that are entered on the list established under 
                paragraph (1).
                    (B) State or region response plan or plans.--The 
                Secretary shall provide information to a State or 
                regional authority to assist in developing a 
                comprehensive strategic response plan or plans for that 
                State or region that shall--
                            (i) include--
                                    (I) a concept of operations for 
                                each disease or pest of concern; or
                                    (II) a platform concept of 
                                operations for responses to similar 
                                diseases or pests, as determined by the 
                                Secretary;
                            (ii) describe the appropriate interactions 
                        among, and roles of--
                                    (I) Federal, State, Tribal, and 
                                units of local government; and
                                    (II) plant or animal industry 
                                partners;
                            (iii) include a decision matrix that shall, 
                        as appropriate, include--
                                    (I) information and timing 
                                requirements necessary for the use of 
                                veterinary countermeasures;
                                    (II) plant health management 
                                strategies;
                                    (III) deployment of other key 
                                materials and resources; and
                                    (IV) parameters for transitioning 
                                from outbreak response to disease 
                                management;
                            (iv) identify key response performance 
                        metrics to establish--
                                    (I) benchmarking;
                                    (II) progressive exercise 
                                evaluation; and
                                    (III) continuing improvement of a 
                                response plan, including by providing 
                                for--
                                            (aa) ongoing exercise 
                                        evaluations to improve a 
                                        response plan over time; and
                                            (bb) strategic information 
                                        to guide investment in any 
                                        appropriate research to 
                                        mitigate the risk of a disease 
                                        or pest of concern; and
                            (v) be updated periodically, as determined 
                        to be appropriate by the Secretary, including 
                        in response to--
                                    (I) an exercise evaluation; or
                                    (II) new risk information becoming 
                                available regarding a disease or pest 
                                of concern.
            (3) Coordination of plans.--Pursuant to section 221(d)(6) 
        of the Department of Agriculture Reorganization Act of 1994, 
        the Secretary shall, as appropriate, assist in coordinating 
        with other appropriate Federal, State, regional, or local 
        officials in the exercising of the plans developed under 
        paragraph (2).
    (c) National Plant Diagnostic Network.--
            (1) In general.--The Secretary shall establish in the 
        Department of Agriculture a National Plant Diagnostic Network 
        to monitor and surveil through diagnostics threats to plant 
        health from diseases or pests of concern in the United States.
            (2) Requirements.--The National Plant Diagnostic Network 
        established under paragraph (1) shall--
                    (A) provide for increased awareness, surveillance, 
                early identification, rapid communication, warning, and 
                diagnosis of a threat to plant health from a disease or 
                pest of concern to protect natural and agricultural 
                plant resources;
                    (B) coordinate and collaborate with agencies of the 
                Department of Agriculture and State agencies and 
                authorities involved in plant health;
                    (C) establish diagnostic laboratory standards;
                    (D) establish regional hubs throughout the United 
                States that provide expertise, leadership, and support 
                to diagnostic labs relating to the agricultural crops 
                and plants in the covered regions of those hubs; and
                    (E) establish a national repository for records of 
                endemic or emergent diseases and pests of concern.
            (3) Head of network.--
                    (A) In general.--The Director of the National 
                Institute of Food and Agriculture shall serve as the 
                head of the National Plant Diagnostic Network.
                    (B) Duties.--The head of the National Plant 
                Diagnostic Network shall--
                            (i) coordinate and collaborate with land-
                        grant colleges and universities (as defined in 
                        section 1404 of the National Agricultural 
                        Research, Extension, and Teaching Policy Act of 
                        1977 (7 U.S.C. 3103)) in carrying out the 
                        requirements under paragraph (2), including 
                        through cooperative agreements described in 
                        paragraph (4);
                            (ii) partner with the Administrator of the 
                        Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service for 
                        assistance with plant health regulation and 
                        inspection; and
                            (iii) coordinate with other Federal 
                        agencies, as appropriate, in carrying out 
                        activities relating to the National Plant 
                        Diagnostic Network, including the sharing of 
                        biosurveillance information.
            (4) Collaboration with land-grant colleges and 
        universities.--The Secretary shall seek to establish 
        cooperative agreements with land-grant colleges and 
        universities (as defined in section 1404 of the National 
        Agricultural Research, Extension, and Teaching Policy Act of 
        1977 (7 U.S.C. 3103)) that have the appropriate level of skill, 
        experience, and competence with plant diseases or pests of 
        concern.
            (5) Authorization of appropriations.--In addition to the 
        amount authorized to carry out this subtitle under section 
        12205, there is authorized to be appropriated to carry out this 
        subsection $15,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2019 through 
        2023.
    (d) National Plant Disease Recovery System.--
            (1) Recovery system.--The Secretary shall establish in the 
        Department of Agriculture a National Plant Disease Recovery 
        System to engage in strategic long-range planning to recover 
        from high-consequence plant transboundary diseases.
            (2) Requirements.--The National Plant Disease Recovery 
        System established under paragraph (1) shall--
                    (A) coordinate with disease or pest of concern 
                concept of operations response plans;
                    (B) make long-range plans for the initiation of 
                future research projects relating to high-consequence 
                plant transboundary diseases;
                    (C) establish research plans for long-term 
                recovery;
                    (D) plan for the identification and use of specific 
                genotypes, cultivars, breeding lines, and other 
                disease-resistant materials necessary for crop 
                stabilization or improvement; and
                    (E) establish a watch list of high-consequence 
                plant transboundary diseases for the purpose of making 
                long-range plans under subparagraph (B).

SEC. 12204. BIOLOGICAL AGENTS AND TOXINS LIST.

    Section 212(a)(1)(B)(i) of the Agricultural Bioterrorism Protection 
Act of 2002 (7 U.S.C. 8401(a)(1)(B)(i)) is amended--
            (1) in subclause (III), by striking ``and'' at the end;
            (2) by redesignating subclause (IV) as subclause (V); and
            (3) by inserting after subclause (III) the following:
                                    ``(IV)(aa) whether placing an agent 
                                or toxin on the list under subparagraph 
                                (A) would have a substantial negative 
                                impact on the research and development 
                                of solutions for the animal or plant 
                                disease caused by the agent or toxin; 
                                and
                                    ``(bb) whether that negative impact 
                                would substantially outweigh the risk 
                                posed by the agent or toxin to animal 
                                or plant health if it is not placed on 
                                the list; and''.

SEC. 12205. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

    In addition to other amounts made available under this subtitle, 
there is authorized to be appropriated to carry out this subtitle 
$5,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2019 through 2023.

             Subtitle C--Historically Underserved Producers

SEC. 12301. FARMING OPPORTUNITIES TRAINING AND OUTREACH.

    (a) Repeal.--
            (1) In general.--Section 7405 of the Farm Security and 
        Rural Investment Act of 2002 (7 U.S.C. 3319f) is repealed.
            (2) Conforming amendments.--
                    (A) Section 226B(e)(2)(B) of the Department of 
                Agriculture Reorganization Act of 1994 (7 U.S.C. 
                6934(e)(2)(B)) is amended by striking ``the beginning 
                farmer and rancher development program established 
                under section 7405 of the Farm Security and Rural 
                Investment Act of 2002 (7 U.S.C. 3319f).'' and 
                inserting ``the beginning farmer and rancher 
                development grant program established under subsection 
                (d) of section 2501 of the Food, Agriculture, 
                Conservation, and Trade Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 2279).''.
                    (B) Section 251(f)(1)(D) of the Department of 
                Agriculture Reorganization Act of 1994 (7 U.S.C. 
                6971(f)(1)(D)) is amended by striking clause (iv) and 
                inserting the following:
                            ``(iv) The beginning farmer and rancher 
                        development grant program established under 
                        subsection (d) of section 2501 of the Food, 
                        Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act of 
                        1990 (7 U.S.C. 2279).''.
                    (C) Section 7506(e) of the Food, Conservation, and 
                Energy Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 7614c(e)) is amended--
                            (i) in paragraph (2)(C)--
                                    (I) by striking clause (v);
                                    (II) by redesignating clauses (i) 
                                through (iv) as clauses (ii) through 
                                (v), respectively;
                                    (III) by inserting before clause 
                                (ii) (as so redesignated) the 
                                following:
                            ``(i) each grant awarded under subsection 
                        (d) of section 2501 of the Food, Agriculture, 
                        Conservation, and Trade Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 
                        2279);'';
                                    (IV) in clause (ii) (as so 
                                redesignated), by striking 
                                ``450i(b)(2));'' and inserting 
                                ``3157(b)(2));''; and
                                    (V) in clause (iv) (as so 
                                redesignated), by adding ``and'' at the 
                                end;
                            (ii) in paragraph (4)--
                                    (I) by striking subparagraph (E);
                                    (II) by redesignating subparagraphs 
                                (A) through (D) as subparagraphs (B) 
                                through (E), respectively;
                                    (III) by inserting before 
                                subparagraph (B) (as so redesignated) 
                                the following:
                    ``(A) subsection (d) of section 2501 of the Food, 
                Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act of 1990 (7 
                U.S.C. 2279);'';
                                    (IV) in subparagraph (B) (as so 
                                redesignated), by striking 
                                ``450i(b));'' and inserting 
                                ``3157(b));'';
                                    (V) in subparagraph (D) (as so 
                                redesignated), by adding ``or'' at the 
                                end; and
                                    (VI) in subparagraph (E) (as so 
                                redesignated), by striking ``; or'' and 
                                inserting a period.
    (b) Outreach and Education for Socially Disadvantaged Farmers and 
Ranchers, Veteran Farmers and Ranchers, and Beginning Farmers and 
Ranchers.--Section 2501 of the Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and 
Trade Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 2279) is amended--
            (1) by striking the section heading and inserting ``farming 
        opportunities training and outreach'';
            (2) by redesignating subsections (a), (b), (c), (d), (e), 
        (g), (h), and (i) as subsections (c), (j), (o), (k), (a), (l), 
        (m), and (n), respectively, and moving the subsections so as to 
        appear in alphabetical order;
            (3) by moving paragraph (5) of subsection (a) (as so 
        redesignated) so as to appear at the end of subsection (c) (as 
        so redesignated);
            (4) in subsection (a) (as so redesignated)--
                    (A) by striking the subsection designation and 
                heading and inserting the following:
    ``(a) Definitions.--In this section:'';
                    (B) by redesignating paragraphs (1), (2), (3), (4), 
                and (6) as paragraphs (6), (5), (1), (3), and (4), 
                respectively, and moving the paragraphs so as to appear 
                in numerical order;
                    (C) in paragraphs (1), (5), and (6) (as so 
                redesignated), by striking ``As used in this section, 
                the'' each place it appears and inserting ``The''; and
                    (D) by inserting after paragraph (1) (as so 
                redesignated) the following:
            ``(2) Beginning farmer or rancher.--The term `beginning 
        farmer or rancher' means a person that--
                    ``(A)(i) has not operated a farm or ranch; or
                    ``(ii) has operated a farm or ranch for not more 
                than 10 years; and
                    ``(B) meets such other criteria as the Secretary 
                may establish.'';
            (5) by inserting after subsection (a) (as so redesignated) 
        the following:
    ``(b) Farming Opportunities Training and Outreach.--The Secretary 
shall carry out this section to encourage and assist socially 
disadvantaged farmers and ranchers, veteran farmers and ranchers, and 
beginning farmers and ranchers in the ownership and operation of farms 
and ranches through--
            ``(1) education and training; and
            ``(2) equitable participation in all agricultural programs 
        of the Department.'';
            (6) in subsection (c) (as so redesignated and as amended by 
        paragraph (3))--
                    (A) by striking paragraph (4);
                    (B) by redesignating paragraphs (1), (2), (3), and 
                (5) as paragraphs (2), (3), (4), and (1), respectively, 
                and moving the paragraphs so as to appear in numerical 
                order;
                    (C) in paragraph (1) (as so redesignated)--
                            (i) in the matter preceding subparagraph 
                        (A), by striking ``The term'' and inserting 
                        ``In this subsection, the term'';
                            (ii) in subparagraph (A)(ii), by striking 
                        ``subsection (a)'' and inserting ``this 
                        subsection''; and
                            (iii) in subparagraph (F), by striking 
                        ``450b))'' and inserting ``5304))'';
                    (D) in subparagraph (B) of paragraph (2) (as so 
                redesignated), by striking ``agricultural'' and 
                inserting ``agricultural, forestry, and related'';
                    (E) in paragraph (3) (as so redesignated), by 
                striking ``(1)'' in the matter preceding subparagraph 
                (A) and inserting ``(2)''; and
                    (F) in paragraph (4) (as so redesignated)--
                            (i) in subparagraph (A)--
                                    (I) by striking the subparagraph 
                                heading and inserting ``Outreach and 
                                technical assistance.--'';
                                    (II) by striking ``(2)'' and 
                                inserting ``(3)''; and
                                    (III) by inserting ``to socially 
                                disadvantaged farmers and ranchers and 
                                veteran farmers and ranchers'' after 
                                ``assistance'';
                            (ii) in subparagraph (C), by striking 
                        ``(1)'' and inserting ``(2)'';
                            (iii) in subparagraph (D), by adding at the 
                        end the following:
                            ``(v) The number of farms or ranches 
                        started, maintained, or improved as a result of 
                        funds made available under the program.
                            ``(vi) Actions taken by the Secretary in 
                        partnership with eligible entities to enhance 
                        participation in agricultural programs by 
                        veteran farmers or ranchers and socially 
                        disadvantaged farmers or ranchers.
                            ``(vii) The effectiveness of the actions 
                        described in clause (vi).''; and
                            (iv) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(E) Maximum term and amount of grant, contract, 
                or agreement.--A grant, contract, or agreement entered 
                into under subparagraph (A) shall be--
                            ``(i) for a term of not longer than 3 
                        years; and
                            ``(ii) in an amount that is not more than 
                        $250,000 for each year of the grant, contract, 
                        or agreement.
                    ``(F) Priority.--In making grants and entering into 
                contracts and other agreements under subparagraph (A), 
                the Secretary shall give priority to nongovernmental 
                and community-based organizations with an expertise in 
                working with socially disadvantaged farmers and 
                ranchers or veteran farmers and ranchers.
                    ``(G) Regional balance.--To the maximum extent 
                practicable, the Secretary shall ensure the 
                geographical diversity of eligible entities to which 
                grants are made and contracts and other agreements are 
                entered into under subparagraph (A).
                    ``(H) Prohibition.--A grant, contract, or other 
                agreement under subparagraph (A) may not be used for 
                the planning, repair, rehabilitation, acquisition, or 
                construction of a building or facility.
                    ``(I) Peer review.--The Secretary shall establish a 
                fair and efficient external peer review process that--
                            ``(i) the Secretary shall use in making 
                        grants and entering into contracts and other 
                        agreements under subparagraph (A); and
                            ``(ii) shall include a broad representation 
                        of peers of the eligible entity.
                    ``(J) Input from eligible entities.--The Secretary 
                shall seek input from eligible entities providing 
                technical assistance under this subsection not less 
                than once each year to ensure that the program is 
                responsive to the eligible entities providing that 
                technical assistance.'';
            (7) by inserting after subsection (c) (as so redesignated) 
        the following:
    ``(d) Beginning Farmer and Rancher Development Grant Program.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary, acting through the 
        Director of the National Institute of Food and Agriculture, 
        shall make competitive grants to support new and established 
        local and regional training, education, outreach, and technical 
        assistance initiatives for beginning farmers and ranchers.
            ``(2) Included programs and services.--Initiatives 
        described in paragraph (1) may include programs or services, as 
        appropriate, relating to--
                    ``(A) basic livestock, forest management, and crop 
                farming practices;
                    ``(B) innovative farm, ranch, and private, 
                nonindustrial forest land transfer and succession 
                strategies;
                    ``(C) entrepreneurship and business training;
                    ``(D) financial and risk management training, 
                including the acquisition and management of 
                agricultural credit;
                    ``(E) natural resource management and planning;
                    ``(F) diversification and marketing strategies;
                    ``(G) curriculum development;
                    ``(H) mentoring, apprenticeships, and internships;
                    ``(I) resources and referral;
                    ``(J) farm financial benchmarking;
                    ``(K) assisting beginning farmers and ranchers in 
                acquiring land from retiring farmers and ranchers;
                    ``(L) agricultural rehabilitation and vocational 
                training for veteran farmers and ranchers;
                    ``(M) farm safety and awareness;
                    ``(N) food safety and recordkeeping; and
                    ``(O) other similar subject areas of use to 
                beginning farmers and ranchers.
            ``(3) Eligibility.--
                    ``(A) In general.--To be eligible to receive a 
                grant under this subsection, the recipient of the grant 
                shall be a collaborative State, Tribal, local, or 
                regionally-based network or partnership of public or 
                private entities.
                    ``(B) Inclusions.--A recipient of a grant described 
                in subparagraph (A) may include--
                            ``(i) a State cooperative extension 
                        service;
                            ``(ii) a Federal, State, municipal, or 
                        Tribal agency;
                            ``(iii) a community-based or 
                        nongovernmental organization;
                            ``(iv) a college or university (including 
                        an institution awarding an associate's degree) 
                        or foundation maintained by a college or 
                        university; or
                            ``(v) any other appropriate partner, as 
                        determined by the Secretary.
            ``(4) Terms of grants.--A grant under this subsection 
        shall--
                    ``(A) be for a term of not longer than 3 years; and
                    ``(B) provide not more than $250,000 for each year.
            ``(5) Evaluation criteria.--In making grants under this 
        subsection, the Secretary shall evaluate, with respect to 
        applications for the grants--
                    ``(A) relevancy;
                    ``(B) technical merit;
                    ``(C) achievability;
                    ``(D) the expertise and track record of 1 or more 
                applicants;
                    ``(E) the consultation of beginning farmers and 
                ranchers in design, implementation, and decisionmaking 
                relating to an initiative described in paragraph (1);
                    ``(F) the adequacy of plans for--
                            ``(i) a participatory evaluation process;
                            ``(ii) outcome-based reporting; and
                            ``(iii) the communication of findings and 
                        results beyond the immediate target audience; 
                        and
                    ``(G) other appropriate factors, as determined by 
                the Secretary.
            ``(6) Regional balance.--To the maximum extent practicable, 
        the Secretary shall ensure the geographical diversity of 
        recipients of grants under this subsection.
            ``(7) Priority.--In making grants under this subsection, 
        the Secretary shall give priority to partnerships and 
        collaborations that are led by or include nongovernmental, 
        community-based organizations and school-based educational 
        organizations with expertise in new agricultural producer 
        training and outreach.
            ``(8) Prohibition.--A grant made under this subsection may 
        not be used for the planning, repair, rehabilitation, 
        acquisition, or construction of a building or facility.
            ``(9) Coordination permitted.--A recipient of a grant under 
        this subsection may coordinate with a recipient of a grant 
        under section 1680 in addressing the needs of veteran farmers 
        and ranchers with disabilities.
            ``(10) Consecutive awards.--A grant under this subsection 
        may be made to a recipient for consecutive years.
            ``(11) Peer review.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall establish a 
                fair and efficient external peer review process, which 
                the Secretary shall use in making grants under this 
                subsection.
                    ``(B) Requirement.--The peer review process under 
                subparagraph (A) shall include a review panel composed 
                of a broad representation of peers of the applicant for 
                the grant that are not applying for a grant under this 
                subsection.
            ``(12) Participation by other farmers and ranchers.--
        Nothing in this subsection prohibits the Secretary from 
        allowing a farmer or rancher who is not a beginning farmer or 
        rancher (including an owner or operator that has ended, or 
        expects to end within 5 years, active labor in a farming or 
        ranching operation as a producer) from participating in a 
        program or service under this subsection, to the extent that 
        the Secretary determines that such participation--
                    ``(A) is appropriate; and
                    ``(B) will not detract from the primary purpose of 
                increasing opportunities for beginning farmers and 
                ranchers.
    ``(e) Application Requirements.--In making grants and entering into 
contracts and other agreements, as applicable, under subsections (c) 
and (d), the Secretary shall make available a simplified application 
process for an application for a grant that requests less than 
$50,000.'';
            (8) by inserting after subsection (f) the following:
    ``(g) Education Teams.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall establish beginning 
        farmer and rancher education teams to develop curricula and 
        conduct educational programs and workshops for beginning 
        farmers and ranchers in diverse geographical areas of the 
        United States.
            ``(2) Curriculum.--In promoting the development of 
        curricula under paragraph (1), the Secretary shall, to the 
        maximum extent practicable, include modules tailored to 
        specific audiences of beginning farmers and ranchers, based on 
        crop diversity or regional diversity.
            ``(3) Composition.--In establishing an education team under 
        paragraph (1) for a specific program or workshop, the Secretary 
        shall, to the maximum extent practicable--
                    ``(A) obtain the short-term services of specialists 
                with knowledge and expertise in programs serving 
                beginning farmers and ranchers; and
                    ``(B) use officers and employees of the Department 
                with direct experience in programs of the Department 
                that may be taught as part of the curriculum for the 
                program or workshop.
            ``(4) Cooperation.--
                    ``(A) In general.--In carrying out this subsection, 
                the Secretary shall cooperate, to the maximum extent 
                practicable, with--
                            ``(i) State cooperative extension services;
                            ``(ii) Federal, State, and Tribal agencies;
                            ``(iii) community-based and nongovernmental 
                        organizations;
                            ``(iv) colleges and universities (including 
                        an institution awarding an associate's degree) 
                        or foundations maintained by a college or 
                        university; and
                            ``(v) other appropriate partners, as 
                        determined by the Secretary.
                    ``(B) Cooperative agreements.--Notwithstanding 
                chapter 63 of title 31, United States Code, the 
                Secretary may enter into a cooperative agreement to 
                reflect the terms of any cooperation under subparagraph 
                (A).
    ``(h) Curriculum and Training Clearinghouse.--The Secretary shall 
establish an online clearinghouse that makes available to beginning 
farmers and ranchers education curricula and training materials and 
programs, which may include online courses for direct use by beginning 
farmers and ranchers.
    ``(i) Stakeholder Input.--In carrying out this section, the 
Secretary shall seek stakeholder input from--
            ``(1) beginning farmers and ranchers;
            ``(2) socially disadvantaged farmers and ranchers;
            ``(3) veteran farmers and ranchers;
            ``(4) national, State, Tribal, and local organizations and 
        other persons with expertise in operating programs for--
                    ``(A) beginning farmers and ranchers;
                    ``(B) socially disadvantaged farmers and ranchers; 
                or
                    ``(C) veteran farmers and ranchers;
            ``(5) the Advisory Committee on Beginning Farmers and 
        Ranchers established under section 5(b) of the Agricultural 
        Credit Improvement Act of 1992 (7 U.S.C. 1929 note; Public Law 
        102-554);
            ``(6) the Advisory Committee on Minority Farmers 
        established under section 14008 of the Food, Conservation, and 
        Energy Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 2279 note; Public Law 110-246); 
        and
            ``(7) the Tribal Advisory Committee established under 
        subsection (b) of section 309 of the Department of Agriculture 
        Reorganization Act of 1994 (7 U.S.C. 6921).'';
            (9) in paragraph (3) of subsection (k) (as so 
        redesignated), by inserting ``and not later than March 1, 
        2020,'' after ``1991,''; and
            (10) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(p) Funding.--
            ``(1) Mandatory funding.--Of the funds of the Commodity 
        Credit Corporation, the Secretary shall use to carry out this 
        section $50,000,000 for fiscal year 2018 and each fiscal year 
        thereafter.
            ``(2) Authorization of appropriations.--There is authorized 
        to be appropriated to carry out this section $50,000,000 for 
        each fiscal years 2018 through 2023.
            ``(3) Reservation of funds.--Of the amounts made available 
        to carry out this section--
                    ``(A) 50 percent shall be used to carry out 
                subsection (c); and
                    ``(B) 50 percent shall be used to carry out 
                subsection (d).
            ``(4) Allocation of funds.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Not less than 5 percent of the 
                amounts made available to carry out subsections (d) and 
                (n) for a fiscal year shall be used to support programs 
                and services that address the needs of--
                            ``(i) limited resource beginning farmers 
                        and ranchers, as defined by the Secretary;
                            ``(ii) socially disadvantaged farmers and 
                        ranchers that are beginning farmers and 
                        ranchers; and
                            ``(iii) farmworkers desiring to become 
                        farmers or ranchers.
                    ``(B) Veteran farmers and ranchers.--Not less than 
                5 percent of the amounts made available to carry out 
                subsections (d), (g), and (h) for a fiscal year shall 
                be used to support programs and services that address 
                the needs of veteran farmers and ranchers.
            ``(5) Interagency funding.--Any agency of the Department 
        may participate in any grant, contract, or agreement entered 
        into under this section by contributing funds, if the 
        contributing agency determines that the objectives of the 
        grant, contract, or agreement will further the authorized 
        programs of the contributing agency.
            ``(6) Administrative expenses.--Not more than 5 percent of 
        the amounts made available to carry out this section for a 
        fiscal year may be used for expenses relating to the 
        administration of this section.
            ``(7) Limitation on indirect costs.--A recipient of a grant 
        or a party to a contract or other agreement under subsection 
        (c) or (d) may not use more than 10 percent of the funds 
        received for the indirect costs of carrying out a grant.''.

SEC. 12302. URBAN AGRICULTURE.

    (a) Definition of Director.--In this section, the term ``Director'' 
means the Director of the Office of Urban Agriculture and Innovative 
Production established under section 222(a)(1) of the Department of 
Agriculture Reorganization Act of 1994 (as added by subsection (b)).
    (b) Office of Urban Agriculture and Innovative Production.--
Subtitle A of the Department of Agriculture Reorganization Act of 1994 
(7 U.S.C. 6911 et seq.) (as amended by section 12202) is amended by 
adding at the end the following:

``SEC. 222. OFFICE OF URBAN AGRICULTURE AND INNOVATIVE PRODUCTION.

    ``(a) Office.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall establish in the 
        Department an Office of Urban Agriculture and Innovative 
        Production.
            ``(2) Director.--The Secretary shall appoint a senior 
        official to serve as the Director of the Office of Urban 
        Agriculture and Innovative Production (referred to in this 
        section as the `Director').
            ``(3) Mission.--The mission of the Office of Urban 
        Agriculture and Innovative Production shall be to encourage and 
        promote urban, indoor, and other emerging agricultural 
        practices, including--
                    ``(A) community gardens and farms located in urban 
                areas, suburbs, and urban clusters;
                    ``(B) rooftop farms, outdoor vertical production, 
                and green walls;
                    ``(C) indoor farms, greenhouses, and high-tech 
                vertical technology farms;
                    ``(D) hydroponic, aeroponic, and aquaponic farm 
                facilities; and
                    ``(E) other innovations in agricultural production, 
                as determined by the Secretary.
            ``(4) Responsibilities.--The Director shall be responsible 
        for engaging in activities to carry out the mission described 
        in paragraph (3), including by--
                    ``(A) managing and facilitating programs, including 
                for community gardens, urban farms, rooftop 
                agriculture, and indoor vertical production;
                    ``(B) coordinating with the agencies and officials 
                of the Department;
                    ``(C) advising the Secretary on issues relating to 
                the mission of the Office of Urban Agriculture and 
                Innovative Production;
                    ``(D) ensuring that the programs of the Department 
                are updated to address urban, indoor, and other 
                emerging agricultural production practices, in 
                coordination with the officials in the Department 
                responsible for those programs;
                    ``(E) engaging in external relations with 
                stakeholders and coordinating external partnerships to 
                share best practices, provide mentorship, and offer 
                technical assistance;
                    ``(F) facilitating interagency program coordination 
                and developing interagency tools for the promotion of 
                existing programs and resources;
                    ``(G) creating resources that identify common State 
                and municipal best practices for navigating local 
                policies;
                    ``(H) reviewing and improving farm enterprise 
                development programs that provide information about 
                financial literacy, business planning, and food safety 
                record keeping;
                    ``(I) coordinating networks of community gardens 
                and facilitating connections to local food banks, in 
                partnership with the Food and Nutrition Service; and
                    ``(J) collaborating with other Federal agencies 
                that use agricultural practices on-site for food 
                production or infrastructure.
    ``(b) Urban Agriculture and Innovative Production Advisory 
Committee.--
            ``(1) In general.--Not later than 180 days after the date 
        of enactment of this section, the Secretary shall establish an 
        Urban Agriculture and Innovative Production Advisory Committee 
        (referred to in this subsection as the `Committee') to advise 
        the Secretary on--
                    ``(A) the development of policies relating to 
                urban, indoor, and other emerging agricultural 
                production practices; and
                    ``(B) any other aspects of the implementation of 
                this section.
            ``(2) Membership.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The Committee shall be composed 
                of 15 members, of whom--
                            ``(i) 5 shall be individuals who are 
                        agricultural producers, of whom--
                                    ``(I) not fewer than 2 individuals 
                                shall be agricultural producers located 
                                in an urban area or urban cluster; and
                                    ``(II) not fewer than 2 individuals 
                                shall be farmers that use innovative 
                                technology, including indoor farming 
                                and rooftop agriculture;
                            ``(ii) 2 shall be representatives from an 
                        institution of higher education or extension 
                        program;
                            ``(iii) 1 shall be an individual who 
                        represents a nonprofit organization, which may 
                        include a public health, environmental, or 
                        community organization;
                            ``(iv) 1 shall be an individual who 
                        represents business and economic development, 
                        which may include a business development 
                        entity, a chamber of commerce, a city 
                        government, or a planning organization;
                            ``(v) 1 shall be an individual with supply 
                        chain experience, which may include a food 
                        aggregator, wholesale food distributor, food 
                        hub, or an individual who has direct-to-
                        consumer market experience;
                            ``(vi) 1 shall be an individual from a 
                        financing entity; and
                            ``(vii) 4 shall be individuals with related 
                        experience or expertise in urban, indoor, and 
                        other emerging agriculture production 
                        practices, as determined by the Secretary.
                    ``(B) Initial appointments.--The Secretary shall 
                appoint the members of the Committee not later than 180 
                days after the date of enactment of this section.
            ``(3) Period of appointment; vacancies.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Except as provided in 
                subparagraph (B), a member of the Committee shall be 
                appointed for a term of 3 years.
                    ``(B) Initial appointments.--Of the members first 
                appointed to the Committee--
                            ``(i) 5 of the members, as determined by 
                        the Secretary, shall be appointed for a term of 
                        3 years;
                            ``(ii) 5 of the members, as determined by 
                        the Secretary, shall be appointed for a term of 
                        2 years; and
                            ``(iii) 5 of the members, as determined by 
                        the Secretary, shall be appointed for a term of 
                        1 year.
                    ``(C) Vacancies.--Any vacancy in the Committee--
                            ``(i) shall not affect the powers of the 
                        Committee; and
                            ``(ii) shall be filled as soon as 
                        practicable in the same manner as the original 
                        appointment.
                    ``(D) Consecutive terms.--An initial appointee of 
                the committee may serve an additional consecutive term 
                if the member is reappointed by the Secretary.
            ``(4) Meetings.--
                    ``(A) Frequency.--The Committee shall meet not 
                fewer than 3 times per year.
                    ``(B) Initial meeting.--Not later than 60 days 
                after the date on which the members are appointed under 
                paragraph (2)(B), the Committee shall hold the first 
                meeting of the Committee.
            ``(5) Duties.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The Committee shall--
                            ``(i) develop recommendations--
                                    ``(I) to further the mission of the 
                                Office of Urban Agriculture and 
                                Innovative Production described in 
                                subsection (a)(3);
                                    ``(II) regarding the establishment 
                                of urban agriculture policy priorities 
                                and goals within the Department;
                            ``(ii) advise the Director on policies and 
                        initiatives administered by the Office of Urban 
                        Agriculture and Innovative Production;
                            ``(iii) evaluate and review ongoing 
                        research and extension activities relating to 
                        urban, indoor, and other innovative 
                        agricultural practices;
                            ``(iv) identify new and existing barriers 
                        to successful urban, indoor, and other emerging 
                        agricultural production practices; and
                            ``(v) provide additional assistance and 
                        advice to the Director as appropriate.
                    ``(B) Reports.--Not later than 1 year after the 
                date of enactment of this section, and each year 
                thereafter, the Committee shall submit to the 
                Secretary, the Committee on Agriculture of the House of 
                Representatives, and the Committee on Agriculture, 
                Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate a report 
                describing the recommendations developed under 
                subparagraph (A)(i).
            ``(6) Personnel matters.--
                    ``(A) Compensation.--A member of the Committee 
                shall serve without compensation.
                    ``(B) Travel expenses.--A member of the Committee 
                shall be allowed travel expenses, including per diem in 
                lieu of subsistence, in accordance with section 5703 of 
                title 5, United States Code.
            ``(7) Termination.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Subject to subparagraph (B), the 
                Committee shall terminate on the date that is 5 years 
                after the date on which the members are appointed under 
                paragraph (2)(B).
                    ``(B) Extensions.--Before the date on which the 
                Committee terminates, the Secretary may renew the 
                Committee for 1 or more 2-year periods.''.
    (c) Farm Numbers.--The Secretary shall provide for the assignment 
of a farm number (as defined in section 718.2 of title 7, Code of 
Federal Regulations (as in effect on the date of enactment of this 
Act)) for rooftop farms, indoor farms, and other urban farms, as 
determined by the Secretary.
    (d) Grant Authority.--
            (1) Definition of eligible entity.--In this subsection, the 
        term ``eligible entity'' means--
                    (A) a community organization;
                    (B) a nonprofit organization;
                    (C) a unit of local government;
                    (D) a Tribal government;
                    (E) any school that serves any of grades 
                kindergarten through grade 12; and
                    (F) an institution of higher education.
            (2) Grants.--The Director may award competitive grants to 
        eligible entities to support the development of urban 
        agriculture and innovative production.
            (3) Funding priority.--In awarding grants under this 
        subsection, priority shall be given to an eligible entity that 
        uses and provides an evaluation of a grant received under this 
        subsection--
                    (A) to plan and construct gardens or nonprofit 
                farms;
                    (B) to operate community gardens or nonprofit farms 
                that--
                            (i) produce food for donation;
                            (ii) have a demonstrated environmental 
                        benefit and educational component; and
                            (iii) are part of community efforts to 
                        address local food security needs;
                    (C) to educate a community on--
                            (i) issues relating to food systems, 
                        including connections between rural farmers and 
                        urban communities;
                            (ii) nutrition;
                            (iii) environmental impacts, including 
                        pollinator health, soil fertility, composing, 
                        heat islands, and storm water runoff; and
                            (iv) agricultural production, including 
                        pest and disease management; and
                    (D) to provide multiple small dollar equity 
                investments to help offset start-up costs relating to 
                new production, land access, and equipment for new and 
                beginning farmers who--
                            (i) develop a 3-year business plan;
                            (ii) live in the community in which they 
                        plan to farm; and
                            (iii) provide a match to the start-up 
                        investment in the form of cash or an in-kind 
                        contribution.
    (e) Pilot Projects.--
            (1) Urban and suburban county committees.--
                    (A) In general.--Not later than 1 year after the 
                date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall 
                establish a pilot program for not fewer than 5 years 
                that establishes 10 county committees in accordance 
                with section 8(b)(5)(B)(ii)(II) of the Soil 
                Conservation and Domestic Allotment Act (16 U.S.C. 
                590h(b)(5)(B)) to operate in counties located in urban 
                or suburban areas with a high concentration of urban or 
                suburban farms.
                    (B) Effect.--Nothing in this paragraph requires or 
                precludes the establishment of a Farm Service Agency 
                office in a county in which a county committee is 
                established under subparagraph (A).
                    (C) Report.--For fiscal year 2019 and each fiscal 
                year thereafter through fiscal year 2023, the Secretary 
                shall submit to the Committee on Agriculture of the 
                House of Representatives and the Committee on 
                Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate a 
                report describing a summary of--
                            (i) the status of the pilot program under 
                        subparagraph (A);
                            (ii) meetings and other activities of the 
                        committees established under that subparagraph; 
                        and
                            (iii) the types and volume of assistance 
                        and services provided to farmers in counties in 
                        which county committees are established under 
                        that subparagraph.
            (2) Increasing community compost and reducing food waste.--
                    (A) In general.--The Secretary, acting through the 
                Director (referred to in this paragraph as the 
                ``Secretary''), shall carry out pilot projects under 
                which the Secretary shall offer to enter into 
                cooperative agreements with local or municipal 
                governments in not fewer than 10 States to develop and 
                test strategies for planning and implementing municipal 
                compost plans and food waste reduction plans.
                    (B) Eligible entities and purposes of pilot 
                projects.--Under a cooperative agreement entered into 
                under this paragraph, the Secretary shall provide 
                assistance to municipalities, counties, local 
                governments, or city planners, as appropriate, to carry 
                out planning and implementing activities that will--
                            (i) generate compost;
                            (ii) increase access to compost for 
                        agricultural producers;
                            (iii) reduce reliance on, and limit the use 
                        of, fertilizer;
                            (iv) improve soil quality;
                            (v) encourage waste management and 
                        permaculture business development;
                            (vi) increase rainwater absorption;
                            (vii) reduce municipal food waste; and
                            (viii) divert food waste from landfills.
                    (C) Evaluation and ranking of applications.--
                            (i) Criteria.--Not later than 180 days 
                        after the date of enactment of this Act, the 
                        Secretary shall establish criteria for the 
                        selection of pilot projects under this 
                        paragraph.
                            (ii) Priority.--In selecting a pilot 
                        project under this paragraph, the Secretary 
                        shall give priority to an application for a 
                        pilot project that--
                                    (I) anticipates or demonstrates 
                                economic benefits;
                                    (II) incorporates plans to make 
                                compost easily accessible to 
                                agricultural producers, including 
                                community gardeners;
                                    (III) integrates other food waste 
                                strategies, including food recovery 
                                efforts; and
                                    (IV) provides for collaboration 
                                with multiple partners.
                    (D) Matching requirement.--The recipient of 
                assistance for a pilot project under this paragraph 
                shall provide funds, in-kind contributions, or a 
                combination of both from sources other than funds 
                provided through the grant in an amount equal to not 
                less than 25 percent of the amount of the grant.
                    (E) Evaluation.--The Secretary shall conduct an 
                evaluation of the pilot projects funded under this 
                paragraph to assess different solutions for increasing 
                access to compost and reducing municipal food waste, 
                including an evaluation of--
                            (i) the amount of Federal funds used for 
                        each project; and
                            (ii) a measurement of the outcomes of each 
                        project.
    (f) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be 
appropriated to carry out this section and the amendments made by this 
section $25,000,000 for fiscal year 2019 and each fiscal year 
thereafter.

SEC. 12303. OFFICE OF ADVOCACY AND OUTREACH.

    Section 226B(f)(3)(B) of the Department of Agriculture 
Reorganization Act of 1994 (7 U.S.C. 6934(f)(3)(B)) is amended by 
striking ``2018'' and inserting ``2023''.

SEC. 12304. TRIBAL ADVISORY COMMITTEE.

    Section 309 of the Department of Agriculture Reorganization Act of 
1994 (7 U.S.C. 6921) is amended--
            (1) by striking ``The Secretary'' and inserting the 
        following:
    ``(a) In General.--The Secretary''; and
            (2) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(b) Tribal Advisory Committee.--
            ``(1) Definitions.--In this subsection:
                    ``(A) Indian tribe.--The term `Indian tribe' has 
                the meaning given the term in section 4 of the Indian 
                Self-Determination and Education Assistance Act (25 
                U.S.C. 5304).
                    ``(B) Relevant committees of congress.--The term 
                `relevant Committees of Congress' means--
                            ``(i) the Committee on Agriculture of the 
                        House of Representatives;
                            ``(ii) the Committee on Agriculture, 
                        Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate; and
                            ``(iii) the Committee on Indian Affairs of 
                        the Senate.
                    ``(C) Tribal organization.--The term `tribal 
                organization' has the meaning given the term in section 
                4 of the Indian Self-Determination and Education 
                Assistance Act (25 U.S.C. 5304).
            ``(2) Establishment of committee.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall establish an 
                advisory committee, to be known as the `Tribal Advisory 
                Committee' (referred to in this subsection as the 
                `Committee') to provide advice and guidance to the 
                Secretary on matters relating to Tribal and Indian 
                affairs.
                    ``(B) Facilitation.--The Committee shall 
                facilitate, but not supplant, government-to-government 
                consultation between the Department of Agriculture 
                (referred to in this subsection as the `Department') 
                and Indian tribes.
            ``(3) Membership.--
                    ``(A) Composition.--The Council shall be composed 
                of 9 members, of whom--
                            ``(i) 7 shall be appointed by the 
                        Secretary;
                            ``(ii) 1 shall be appointed by the 
                        chairperson of the Committee on Indian Affairs 
                        of the Senate; and
                            ``(iii) 1 shall be appointed by the ranking 
                        Member of the Committee on Indian Affairs of 
                        the Senate.
                    ``(B) Nominations.--The Secretary shall accept 
                nominations for members of the Council from--
                            ``(i) an Indian tribe;
                            ``(ii) a tribal organization; and
                            ``(iii) a national or regional organization 
                        with expertise in issues relating to the duties 
                        of the Committee described in paragraph (4).
                    ``(C) Diversity.--To the maximum extent feasible, 
                the Secretary shall ensure that the members of the 
                Committee represent a diverse set of expertise on 
                issues relating to geographic regions, Indian tribes, 
                and the agricultural industry.
                    ``(D) Limitation.--No member of the Committee shall 
                be an officer or employee of the Federal government.
                    ``(E) Period of appointment; vacancies.--
                            ``(i) In general.--Each member of the 
                        Committee--
                                    ``(I) subject to clause (ii), shall 
                                be appointed to a 3-year term; and
                                    ``(II) may be reappointed to not 
                                more than 3 consecutive terms.
                            ``(ii) Initial staggering.--The first 7 
                        appointments made by the Secretary under 
                        paragraph (3)(A)(i) shall be for a 2-year term.
                            ``(iii) Vacancies.--Any vacancy in the 
                        Council shall be filled in the same manner as 
                        the original appointment not more than 90 days 
                        after the date on which the position becomes 
                        vacant.
                    ``(F) Meetings.--
                            ``(i) In general.--The Council shall meet 
                        in person not less than twice each year.
                            ``(ii) Office of tribal relations 
                        representative.--Not fewer than 1 
                        representative from the Office of Tribal 
                        Relations of the Department shall be present at 
                        each meeting of the Committee.
                            ``(iii) Department of interior 
                        representative.--The Assistant Secretary for 
                        Indian Affairs of the Department of the 
                        Interior (or a designee) shall be present at 
                        each meeting of the Committee.
                            ``(iv) Nonvoting representatives.--The 
                        individuals described in clauses (ii) and (iii) 
                        shall be nonvoting representatives.
            ``(4) Duties of committee.--The Committee shall--
                    ``(A) identify evolving issues of relevance to 
                Indian tribes relating to programs of the Department;
                    ``(B) communicate to the Secretary the issues 
                identified under subparagraph (A);
                    ``(C) submit to the Secretary recommendations for 
                and solutions to--
                            ``(i) the issues identified under 
                        subparagraph (A);
                            ``(ii) issues raised at the Tribal, 
                        regional, or national level; and
                            ``(iii) issues relating to any Tribal 
                        consultation carried out by the Department;
                    ``(D) discuss issues and proposals for changes to 
                the regulations, policies, and procedures of the 
                Department that impact Indian tribes;
                    ``(E) identify priorities and provide advice on 
                appropriate strategies for Tribal consultation on 
                issues at the Tribal, regional, or national level 
                regarding the Department;
                    ``(F) ensure that pertinent issues of the 
                Department are brought to the attention of an Indian 
                tribe in a timely manner so that timely feedback from 
                an Indian tribe can be obtained; and
                    ``(G) identify and propose solutions to any 
                interdepartmental barrier between the Department and 
                other Federal agencies.
            ``(5) Reports.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Not less frequently than once 
                each year, the Committee shall submit to the Secretary 
                and the relevant Committees of Congress a report that 
                describes--
                            ``(i) the activities of the Committee 
                        during the previous year; and
                            ``(ii) recommendations for legislative or 
                        administrative action for the following year.
                    ``(B) Response from secretary.--Not more than 45 
                days after the date on which the Secretary receives a 
                report under subparagraph (A), the Secretary shall 
                submit a written response to that report to--
                            ``(i) the Committee; and
                            ``(ii) the relevant Committees of Congress.
            ``(6) Compensation of members.--Members of the Committee 
        shall be compensated at a rate equal to the daily equivalent of 
        the annual rate of basic pay prescribed for level IV of the 
        Executive Schedule under section 5315 of title 5, United States 
        Code, for each day (including travel time) during which the 
        member is engaged in the performance of the duties of the 
        Committee.
            ``(7) Federal advisory committee act exemption.--Section 14 
        of the Federal Advisory Committee Act (5 U.S.C. App.) shall not 
        apply to the Committee.''.

SEC. 12305. EXPERIENCED SERVICES PROGRAM.

    (a) In General.--Section 1252 of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 
U.S.C. 3851) is amended--
            (1) in the section heading, by striking ``agriculture 
        conservation'';
            (2) in subsection (a)--
                    (A) in the first sentence--
                            (i) by striking ``a conservation'' and 
                        inserting ``an'';
                            (ii) by striking ``(in this section 
                        referred to as the `ACES Program')'' and 
                        inserting ``(referred to in this section as the 
                        `program')''; and
                            (iii) by striking ``provide technical'' and 
                        inserting the following: ``provide--
            ``(1) technical''; and
                    (B) in paragraph (1) (as so designated)--
                            (i) by striking ``Secretary. Such technical 
                        services may include'' and inserting 
                        ``Secretary, including'';
                            (ii) by striking the period at the end and 
                        inserting ``; and''; and
                            (iii) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(2) technical, professional, and administrative services 
        to support the research, education, and economics mission area 
        of the Department of Agriculture (including the Agricultural 
        Research Service, the Economic Research Service, the National 
        Agricultural Library, the National Agricultural Statistics 
        Service, the Office of the Chief Scientist, and the National 
        Institute of Food and Agriculture), including--
                    ``(A) supporting agricultural research and 
                information;
                    ``(B) advancing scientific knowledge relating to 
                agriculture;
                    ``(C) enhancing access to agricultural information;
                    ``(D) providing statistical information and 
                research results to farmers, ranchers, agribusiness, 
                and public officials; and
                    ``(E) assisting research, education, and extension 
                programs in land-grant colleges and universities (as 
                defined in section 1404 of the National Agricultural 
                Research, Extension, and Teaching Policy Act of 1977 (7 
                U.S.C. 3103)).'';
            (3) by striking ``ACES'' each place it appears;
            (4) by striking ``technical services'' each place it 
        appears (other than in subsection (a)) and inserting 
        ``technical, professional, or administrative services, as 
        applicable,''; and
            (5) in subsection (c)(1)--
                    (A) by striking the paragraph heading and inserting 
                ``Conservation technical services.--''; and
                    (B) by inserting ``with respect to subsection 
                (a)(1),'' before ``the Secretary''.
    (b) Technical Amendment.--Title XII of the Food Security Act of 
1985 is amended by moving section 1252 (16 U.S.C. 3851) (as amended by 
subsection (a)) and section 1253 (as added by section 2409) to appear 
after section 1251 (as added by section 2429).

SEC. 12306. YOUTH OUTREACH AND BEGINNING FARMER COORDINATION.

    Subtitle D of title VII of the Farm Security and Rural Investment 
Act of 2002 (as amended by section 12301(a)(1)) is amended by inserting 
after section 7404 (7 U.S.C. 3101 note; Public Law 107-171) the 
following:

``SEC. 7405. YOUTH OUTREACH AND BEGINNING FARMER COORDINATION.

    ``(a) Definitions.--In this section:
            ``(1) Beginning farmer or rancher.--The term `beginning 
        farmer or rancher' means a person that--
                    ``(A)(i) has not operated a farm or ranch; or
                    ``(ii) has operated a farm or ranch for not more 
                than 10 years; and
                    ``(B) meets such other criteria as the Secretary 
                may establish.
            ``(2) National coordinator.--The term `National 
        Coordinator' means the National Beginning Farmer and Rancher 
        Coordinator established under subsection (b)(1).
            ``(3) State coordinator.--The term `State coordinator' 
        means a State beginning farmer and rancher coordinator 
        designated under subsection (c)(1)(A).
            ``(4) State office.--The term `State office' means--
                    ``(A) a State office of--
                            ``(i) the Farm Service Agency;
                            ``(ii) the Natural Resources Conservation 
                        Service;
                            ``(iii) the Rural Business-Cooperative 
                        Service; or
                            ``(iv) the Rural Utilities Service; or
                    ``(B) a regional office of the Risk Management 
                Agency.
    ``(b) National Beginning Farmer and Rancher Coordinator.--
            ``(1) Establishment.--The Secretary shall establish in the 
        Department the position of National Beginning Farmer and 
        Rancher Coordinator.
            ``(2) Duties.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The National Coordinator shall--
                            ``(i) advise the Secretary and coordinate 
                        activities of the Department on programs, 
                        policies, and issues relating to beginning 
                        farmers and ranchers; and
                            ``(ii) in consultation with the applicable 
                        State food and agriculture council, determine 
                        whether to approve a plan submitted by a State 
                        coordinator under subsection (c)(3)(B).
                    ``(B) Discretionary duties.--Additional duties of 
                the National Coordinator may include--
                            ``(i) developing and implementing new 
                        strategies--
                                    ``(I) for outreach to beginning 
                                farmers and ranchers; and
                                    ``(II) to assist beginning farmers 
                                and ranchers with connecting to owners 
                                or operators that have ended, or expect 
                                to end within 5 years, actively owning 
                                or operating a farm or ranch; and
                            ``(ii) facilitating interagency and 
                        interdepartmental collaboration on issues 
                        relating to beginning farmers and ranchers.
            ``(3) Reports.--Not less frequently than once each year, 
        the National Coordinator shall distribute within the Department 
        and make publicly available a report describing the status of 
        steps taken to carry out the duties described in subparagraphs 
        (A) and (B) of paragraph (2).
            ``(4) Contracts and cooperative agreements.--In carrying 
        out the duties under paragraph (2), the National Coordinator 
        may enter into a contract or cooperative agreement with an 
        institution of higher education (as defined in section 101 of 
        the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1001)), cooperative 
        extension services (as defined in section 1404 of the National 
        Agricultural Research, Extension, and Teaching Policy Act of 
        1977 (7 U.S.C. 3103), or a nonprofit organization--
                    ``(A) to conduct research on the profitability of 
                new farms in operation for not less than 5 years in a 
                region;
                    ``(B) to develop educational materials;
                    ``(C) to conduct workshops, courses, training, or 
                certified vocational training; or
                    ``(D) to conduct mentoring activities.
    ``(c) State Beginning Farmer and Rancher Coordinators.--
            ``(1) In general.--
                    ``(A) Designation.--The National Coordinator, in 
                consultation with State food and agriculture councils 
                and directors of State offices, shall designate in each 
                State a State beginning farmer and rancher coordinator 
                from among employees of State offices.
                    ``(B) Requirements.--To be designated as a State 
                coordinator, an employee shall--
                            ``(i) be familiar with issues relating to 
                        beginning farmers and ranchers; and
                            ``(ii) have the ability to interface with 
                        other Federal departments and agencies.
            ``(2) Training.--The Secretary shall develop a training 
        plan to provide to each State coordinator knowledge of programs 
        and services available from the Department for beginning 
        farmers and ranchers, taking into consideration the needs of 
        all production types and sizes of agricultural operations.
            ``(3) Duties.--A State coordinator shall--
                    ``(A) coordinate technical assistance at the State 
                level to assist beginning farmers and ranchers in 
                accessing programs of the Department;
                    ``(B) develop and submit to the National 
                Coordinator for approval under subsection (b)(2)(A)(ii) 
                a State plan to improve the coordination, delivery, and 
                efficacy of programs of the Department to beginning 
                farmers and ranchers, taking into consideration the 
                needs of all types of production methods and sizes of 
                agricultural operation, at each county and area office 
                in the State;
                    ``(C) oversee implementation of an approved State 
                plan described in subparagraph (B);
                    ``(D) work with outreach coordinators in the State 
                offices to ensure appropriate information about 
                technical assistance is available at outreach events 
                and activities; and
                    ``(E) coordinate partnerships and joint outreach 
                efforts with other organizations and government 
                agencies serving beginning farmers and ranchers.
    ``(d) Agricultural Youth Coordinator.--
            ``(1) Establishment.--The Secretary shall establish in the 
        Department the position of Agricultural Youth Coordinator.
            ``(2) Duties.--The Agricultural Youth Coordinator shall--
                    ``(A) promote the role of school-based agricultural 
                education and youth-serving agricultural organizations 
                in motivating and preparing young people to pursue 
                careers in the agriculture, food, and natural resources 
                systems;
                    ``(B) coordinate outreach to programs and agencies 
                within the Department--
                            ``(i) to work with schools and youth-
                        serving organizations to develop joint programs 
                        and initiatives, such as internships; and
                            ``(ii) to provide resources and input to 
                        schools and youth-serving organizations 
                        regarding motivating and preparing young people 
                        to pursue careers in the agriculture, food, and 
                        natural resources systems;
                    ``(C) raise awareness among youth about the 
                importance of agriculture in a diversity of fields and 
                disciplines;
                    ``(D) provide information to persons involved in 
                youth, food, and agriculture organizations about the 
                availability of, and eligibility requirements for, 
                agricultural programs, with particular emphasis on--
                            ``(i) beginning farmer and rancher 
                        programs;
                            ``(ii) agriculture education;
                            ``(iii) nutrition education;
                            ``(iv) science, technology, engineering, 
                        and mathematics education; and
                            ``(v) other food and agriculture programs 
                        for youth;
                    ``(E) serve as a resource for youth involved in 
                food and agriculture applying for participation in 
                agricultural programs;
                    ``(F) conduct outreach to youth agriculture 
                organizations; and
                    ``(G) advocate on behalf of youth involved in food 
                and agriculture and youth organizations in interactions 
                with employees of the Department.
            ``(3) Contracts and cooperative agreements.--For purposes 
        of carrying out the duties described in paragraph (2), the 
        Agricultural Youth Coordinator--
                    ``(A) shall consult with land-grant colleges and 
                universities and cooperative extension services (as 
                those terms are defined in section 1404 of the National 
                Agricultural Research, Extension, and Teaching Policy 
                Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 3103)); and
                    ``(B) may enter into contracts or cooperative 
                agreements with the research centers of the 
                Agricultural Research Service, institutions of higher 
                education (as defined in section 101 of the Higher 
                Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1001)), or nonprofit 
                organizations for--
                            ``(i) the development of educational 
                        materials;
                            ``(ii) the conduct of workshops, courses, 
                        and certified vocational training;
                            ``(iii) the conduct of mentoring 
                        activities; or
                            ``(iv) the provision of internship 
                        opportunities.''.

SEC. 12307. AVAILABILITY OF DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE PROGRAMS FOR 
              VETERAN FARMERS AND RANCHERS.

    (a) Definition of Veteran Farmer or Rancher.--Paragraph (7) of 
subsection (a) (as redesignated by section 12301(b)(3)) of section 2501 
of the Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 
2279) is amended--
            (1) in subparagraph (A), by striking ``or'' at the end;
            (2) in subparagraph (B), by striking the period at the end 
        and inserting ``; or''; and
            (3) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(C) is a veteran (as defined in section 101 of 
                that title) who has first obtained status as a veteran 
                (as so defined) during the most recent 10-year 
                period.''.
    (b) Federal Crop Insurance.--
            (1) Definition of veteran farmer or rancher.--Section 
        502(b) of the Federal Crop Insurance Act (7 U.S.C. 1502(b)) (as 
        amended by section 11101) is amended by adding at the end the 
        following:
            ``(14) Veteran farmer or rancher.--The term `veteran farmer 
        or rancher' means a farmer or rancher who--
                    ``(A) has served in the Armed Forces (as defined in 
                section 101 of title 38, United States Code); and
                    ``(B)(i) has not operated a farm or ranch;
                    ``(ii) has operated a farm or ranch for not more 
                than 5 years; or
                    ``(iii) is a veteran (as defined in section 101 of 
                that title) who has first obtained status as a veteran 
                (as so defined) during the most recent 5-year 
                period.''.
            (2) Crop insurance.--Section 508 of the Federal Crop 
        Insurance Act (7 U.S.C. 1508) is amended--
                    (A) in subsection (b)(5)(E)--
                            (i) by striking ``The Corporation'' and 
                        inserting the following:
                            ``(i) In general.--The Corporation''; and
                            (ii) in clause (i) (as so designated), by 
                        striking the period at the end and inserting 
                        the following: ``, and veteran farmers or 
                        ranchers.
                            ``(ii) Coordination.--The Corporation shall 
                        coordinate with other agencies of the 
                        Department that provide programs or services to 
                        farmers and ranchers described in clause (i) to 
                        make available coverage under the waiver under 
                        that clause and to share eligibility 
                        information to reduce paperwork and avoid 
                        duplication.'';
                    (B) in subsection (e)(8)--
                            (i) in the paragraph heading, by inserting 
                        ``and veteran'' after ``beginning''; and
                            (ii) by inserting ``or veteran farmer or 
                        rancher'' after ``beginning farmer or rancher'' 
                        each place it appears; and
                    (C) in subsection (g)--
                            (i) in paragraph (2)(B)(iii), in the matter 
                        preceding subclause (I), by inserting ``or 
                        veteran farmer or rancher'' after ``beginning 
                        farmer or rancher'' each place it appears; and
                            (ii) in paragraph (4)(B)(ii)(II), by 
                        inserting ``and veteran farmers or ranchers'' 
                        after ``beginning farmers or ranchers''.
            (3) Education and risk management assistance.--Section 
        524(a)(4) of the Federal Crop Insurance Act (7 U.S.C. 
        1524(a)(4)) is amended--
                    (A) in subparagraph (D)(ii), by striking ``and'' at 
                the end;
                    (B) in subparagraph (E), by striking the period at 
                the end and inserting ``; and''; and
                    (C) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(F) veteran farmers or ranchers.''.
    (c) Down Payment Loan Program.--Section 310E of the Consolidated 
Farm and Rural Development Act (7 U.S.C. 1935) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a)(1), by striking ``qualified beginning 
        farmers or ranchers and socially disadvantaged farmers or 
        ranchers'' and inserting ``eligible farmers or ranchers'';
            (2) in subsection (d)--
                    (A) in paragraph (2)(A), by striking ``recipients 
                of the loans'' and inserting ``farmers or ranchers'';
                    (B) by striking paragraph (3) and inserting the 
                following:
            ``(3) encourage retiring farmers and ranchers to assist in 
        the sale of their farms and ranches to eligible farmers or 
        ranchers by providing seller financing;''; and
                    (C) in paragraph (4), by striking ``for beginning 
                farmers or ranchers or socially disadvantaged farmers 
                or ranchers'' and inserting the following: ``for--
                    ``(A) beginning farmers or ranchers;
                    ``(B) socially disadvantaged farmers or ranchers, 
                as defined in section 355(e); or
                    ``(C) veteran farmers or ranchers, as defined in 
                section 2501(a) of the Food, Agriculture, Conservation, 
                and Trade Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 2279(a))''; and
                    (D) in paragraph (5), by striking ``a qualified 
                beginning farmer or rancher or socially disadvantaged 
                farmer or rancher'' and inserting ``an eligible farmer 
                or rancher''; and
            (3) by striking subsection (e) and inserting the following:
    ``(e) Definition of Eligible Farmer or Rancher.--In this section, 
the term `eligible farmer or rancher' means--
            ``(1) a qualified beginning farmer or rancher;
            ``(2) a socially disadvantaged farmer or rancher, as 
        defined in section 355(e); and
            ``(3) a veteran farmer or rancher, as defined in section 
        2501(a) of the Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act 
        of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 2279(a)).''.
    (d) Interest Rate Reduction Program.--Section 351(e)(2)(B) of the 
Consolidated Farm and Rural Development Act (7 U.S.C. 1999(e)(2)(B)) is 
amended--
            (1) in the subparagraph heading, by inserting ``and 
        veteran'' after ``Beginning'';
            (2) in clause (i), by inserting ``or veteran farmers and 
        ranchers (as defined in section 2501(a) of the Food, 
        Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 
        2279(a)))'' before the period at the end; and
            (3) in clause (ii), by striking ``beginning''.
    (e) National Food Safety Training, Education, Extension, Outreach, 
and Technical Assistance Program.--Section 405(c) of the Agricultural 
Research, Extension, and Education Reform Act of 1998 (7 U.S.C. 
7625(c)) is amended by inserting ``veteran farmers or ranchers (as 
defined in section 2501(a) of the Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and 
Trade Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 2279(a))),'' after ``socially disadvantaged 
farmers,''.
    (f) Administration and Operation of Noninsured Crop Assistance 
Program.--Section 196 of the Federal Agriculture Improvement and Reform 
Act of 1996 (7 U.S.C. 7333) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (k)(2), by inserting ``, or a veteran 
        farmer or rancher (as defined in section 2501(a) of the Food, 
        Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 
        2279(a)))'' before the period at the end; and
            (2) in subsection (l), in paragraph (3) (as redesignated by 
        section 1601(7)(C))--
                    (A) in the paragraph heading, by inserting 
                ``veteran,'' before ``and socially''; and
                    (B) by inserting ``and veteran farmers or ranchers 
                (as defined in section 2501(a) of the Food, 
                Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act of 1990 (7 
                U.S.C. 2279(a)))'' before ``in exchange''.
    (g) Funding for Transition Option for Certain Farmers or 
Ranchers.--Section 1241(a)(1)(B) of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 
U.S.C. 3841(a)(1)(B)) is amended by striking ``beginning farmers or 
ranchers and socially disadvantaged farmers or ranchers'' and inserting 
``covered farmers or ranchers, as defined in section 1235(f)(1)''.
    (h) Supplemental Agricultural Disaster Assistance.--
            (1) Definition of covered producer.--Section 1501(a) of the 
        Agricultural Act of 2014 (7 U.S.C. 9081(a)) is amended--
                    (A) by redesignating paragraphs (1) through (4) as 
                paragraphs (2) through (5), respectively; and
                    (B) by inserting before paragraph (2) (as so 
                redesignated) the following:
            ``(1) Covered producer.--The term `covered producer' means 
        an eligible producer on a farm that is--
                    ``(A) as determined by the Secretary--
                            ``(i) a beginning farmer or rancher;
                            ``(ii) a socially disadvantaged farmer or 
                        rancher; or
                            ``(iii) a limited resource farmer or 
                        rancher; or
                    ``(B) a veteran farmer or rancher, as defined in 
                section 2501(a) of the Food, Agriculture, Conservation, 
                and Trade Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 2279(a)).''.
            (2) Emergency assistance for livestock, honey bees, and 
        farm-raised fish.--Section 1501(d) of the Agricultural Act of 
        2014 (7 U.S.C. 9081(d)) is amended by adding at the end the 
        following:
            ``(4) Payment rate for covered producers.--In the case of a 
        covered producer that is eligible to receive assistance under 
        this subsection, the Secretary shall provide reimbursement of 
        90 percent of the cost of losses described in paragraph (1) or 
        (2).''.

   Subtitle D--Department of Agriculture Reorganization Act of 1994 
                               Amendments

SEC. 12401. OFFICE OF CONGRESSIONAL RELATIONS AND INTERGOVERNMENTAL 
              AFFAIRS.

    (a) Assistant Secretaries of Agriculture.--Section 218(a)(1) of the 
Department of Agriculture Reorganization Act of 1994 (7 U.S.C. 
6918(a)(1)) is amended by striking ``Relations'' and inserting 
``Relations and Intergovernmental Affairs''.
    (b) Succession.--Any official who is serving as the Assistant 
Secretary of Agriculture for Congressional Relations on the date of 
enactment of this Act and who was appointed by the President, by and 
with the advice and consent of the Senate, shall not be required to be 
reappointed as a result of the change made to the name of that position 
under the amendment made by subsection (a).

SEC. 12402. MILITARY VETERANS AGRICULTURAL LIAISON.

    Section 219 of the Department of Agriculture Reorganization Act of 
1994 (7 U.S.C. 6919) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (b)--
                    (A) in paragraph (3), by striking ``and'' at the 
                end;
                    (B) in paragraph (4), by striking the period at the 
                end and inserting a semicolon; and
                    (C) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(5) establish and periodically update the website 
        described in subsection (d); and
            ``(6) in carrying out the duties described in paragraphs 
        (1) through (5), consult with and provide technical assistance 
        to any Federal agency, including the Department of Defense, the 
        Department of Veterans Affairs, the Small Business 
        Administration, and the Department of Labor.''; and
            (2) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(d) Website Required.--
            ``(1) In general.--The website required under subsection 
        (b)(5) shall include the following:
                    ``(A) Positions identified within the Department of 
                Agriculture that are available to veterans for 
                apprenticeships.
                    ``(B) Apprenticeships, programs of training on the 
                job, and programs of education that are approved for 
                purposes of chapter 36 of title 38, United States Code.
                    ``(C) Employment skills training programs for 
                members of the Armed Forces carried out pursuant to 
                section 1143(e) of title 10, United States Code.
                    ``(D) Information designed to assist businesses, 
                nonprofit entities, educational institutions, and 
                farmers interested in developing apprenticeships, on-
                the-job training, educational, or entrepreneurial 
                programs for veterans in navigating the process of 
                having a program approved by a State approving agency 
                for purposes of chapter 36 of title 38, United States 
                Code, including--
                            ``(i) contact information for relevant 
                        offices in the Department of Defense, 
                        Department of Veterans Affairs, Department of 
                        Labor, and Small Business Administration;
                            ``(ii) basic requirements for approval by 
                        each State approving agency;
                            ``(iii) recommendations with respect to 
                        training and coursework to be used during 
                        apprenticeships or on-the-job training that 
                        will enable a veteran to be eligible for 
                        agricultural programs; and
                            ``(iv) examples of successful programs and 
                        curriculums that have been approved for 
                        purposes of chapter 36 of title 38, United 
                        States Code (with consent of the organization 
                        and without any personally identifiable 
                        information).
            ``(2) Review of website.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Not later than 5 years after the 
                date of enactment of this paragraph, and once every 5 
                years thereafter, the Secretary shall conduct a study 
                to determine if the website required under subsection 
                (b)(5) is effective in providing veterans the 
                information required under paragraph (1).
                    ``(B) Ineffective website.--If the Secretary 
                determines that the website is not effective under 
                subparagraph (A), the Secretary shall--
                            ``(i) notify the agriculture and veterans 
                        committees described in subparagraph (C) of 
                        that determination; and
                            ``(ii) not earlier than 180 days after the 
                        date on which the Secretary provides notice 
                        under clause (i), terminate the website.
                    ``(C) Agriculture and veterans committees.--The 
                agriculture and veterans committees referred to in 
                subparagraph (B)(i) are--
                            ``(i) the Committee on Agriculture of the 
                        House of Representatives;
                            ``(ii) the Committee on Agriculture, 
                        Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate;
                            ``(iii) the Committee on Veterans' Affairs 
                        of the House of Representatives; and
                            ``(iv) the Committee on Veterans' Affairs 
                        of the Senate.
    ``(e) Consultation Required.--In carrying out this section, the 
Secretary shall consult with organizations that serve veterans.
    ``(f) Report.--
            ``(1) In general.--Not later than 1 year after the date of 
        enactment of this subsection, and annually thereafter, the 
        Military Veterans Agricultural Liaison shall submit a report on 
        beginning farmer training for veterans and agricultural 
        vocational and rehabilitation programs for veterans to--
                    ``(A) the Committee on Agriculture of the House of 
                Representatives;
                    ``(B) the Committee on Veterans' Affairs of the 
                House of Representatives;
                    ``(C) the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and 
                Forestry of the Senate; and
                    ``(D) the Committee on Veterans' Affairs of the 
                Senate.
            ``(2) Contents of report.--The report submitted under 
        paragraph (1) shall include--
                    ``(A) a summary of the measures taken to carry out 
                subsections (b) and (c);
                    ``(B) a description of the information provided to 
                veterans under paragraphs (1) and (2) of subsection 
                (b);
                    ``(C) recommendations for best informing veterans 
                of the programs described in paragraphs (1) and (2) of 
                subsection (b);
                    ``(D) a summary of the contracts or cooperative 
                agreements entered into under subsection (c);
                    ``(E) a description of the programs implemented 
                under subsection (c);
                    ``(F) a summary of the employment outreach 
                activities directed to veterans;
                    ``(G) recommendations for how opportunities for 
                veterans in agriculture should be developed or 
                expanded;
                    ``(H) a summary of veteran farm lending data and a 
                summary of shortfalls, if any, identified by the 
                Military Veterans Agricultural Liaison in collecting 
                data with respect to veterans engaged in agriculture; 
                and
                    ``(I) recommendations, if any, on how to improve 
                activities under subsection (b).
    ``(g) Public Dissemination of Information.--
            ``(1) In general.--Not later than 1 year after the date of 
        enactment of this subsection, and annually thereafter, the 
        Military Veterans Agricultural Liaison shall make publicly 
        available and share broadly, including by posting on the 
        website of the Department--
                    ``(A) the report of the Military Veterans 
                Agricultural Liaison on beginning farmer training for 
                veterans and agricultural vocational and rehabilitation 
                programs; and
                    ``(B) the information disseminated under paragraphs 
                (1) and (2) of subsection (b).
            ``(2) Further dissemination.--Not later than the day before 
        the date on which the Military Veterans Agricultural Liaison 
        makes publicly available the information under paragraph (1), 
        the Military Veterans Agricultural Liaison shall provide that 
        information to the Department of Defense, the Department of 
        Veterans Affairs, the Small Business Administration, and the 
        Department of Labor.''.

SEC. 12403. CIVIL RIGHTS ANALYSES.

    (a) In General.--Subtitle A of the Department of Agriculture 
Reorganization Act of 1994 (7 U.S.C. 6911 et seq.) (as amended by 
section 12302(b)) is amended by adding at the end the following:

``SEC. 223. CIVIL RIGHTS ANALYSES.

    ``(a) Definition of Civil Rights Analysis.--In this section, the 
term `civil rights analysis' means a review to analyze and identify 
actions, policies, and decisions under documents described in 
subsection (b) that may have an adverse or disproportionate impact on 
employees, contractors, or beneficiaries (including participants) of 
any program or activity of the Department based on the membership of 
the employees, contractors, or beneficiaries in a group that is 
protected under Federal law from discrimination in employment, 
contracting, or provision of a program or activity, as applicable.
    ``(b) Actions, Policies, and Decisions.--Before implementing any of 
the following action, policy, or decision documents, the Secretary 
shall conduct a civil rights analysis of the action, policy, or 
decision that is the subject of the document:
            ``(1) New, revised, or interim rules and notices to be 
        published in the Federal Register or the Code of Federal 
        Regulations.
            ``(2) Charters for advisory committees, councils, or boards 
        managed by any agency of the Department on behalf of the 
        Secretary.
            ``(3) Any regulations of the Department or new or revised 
        agency-specific instructions, procedures, or other guidance 
        published in an agency directives system.
            ``(4) Reductions-in-force or transfer of function 
        proposals, including reorganization of the Department.
            ``(5) At the discretion of the Secretary, any other policy, 
        program, or activity documents that have potentially adverse 
        civil rights impacts.
    ``(c) Expedited Review.--The Assistant Secretary for Civil Rights 
may grant, on a case-by-case basis, an expedited civil rights analysis 
if the head of an agency within the Department provides a written 
justification for the expedited civil rights analysis.
    ``(d) Waiver.--On petition by the head of any agency within the 
Department, the Assistant Secretary for Civil Rights may grant, on a 
case-by-case basis, a waiver of the civil rights analysis if the 
Assistant Secretary for Civil Rights determines that there is no 
foreseeable adverse or disproportionate impact described in subsection 
(a) of the proposed action, policy, or decision document described in 
subsection (b).''.
    (b) Study; Report.--
            (1) Study.--Not later than 2 years after the date of 
        enactment of this Act, the Comptroller General of the United 
        States (referred to in this section as the ``Comptroller 
        General'') shall conduct a study describing--
                    (A) the effectiveness of the Department of 
                Agriculture in processing and resolving civil rights 
                complaints;
                    (B) minority participation rates in farm programs, 
                including a comparison of overall farmer and rancher 
                participation with minority farmer and rancher 
                participation by considering particular aspects of the 
                programs of the Department of Agriculture for 
                producers, such as ownership status, program 
                participation, usage of permits, and waivers;
                    (C) the realignment the civil rights functions of 
                the Department of Agriculture, as outlined in 
                Secretarial Memorandum 1076-023 (March 9, 2018), 
                including an analysis of whether that realignment has 
                any negative implications on the civil rights functions 
                of the Department;
                    (D) efforts of the Department of Agriculture to 
                identify actions, programs, or activities of the 
                Department of Agriculture that may adversely affect 
                employees, contractors, or beneficiaries (including 
                participants) of the action, program, or activity based 
                on the membership of the employees, contractors, or 
                beneficiaries in a group that is protected under 
                Federal law from discrimination in employment, 
                contracting, or provision of an action, program, or 
                activity, as applicable; and
                    (E) efforts of the Department of Agriculture to 
                strategically plan actions to decrease discrimination 
                and civil rights complaints within the Department of 
                Agriculture or in the carrying out of the programs and 
                authorities of the Department of Agriculture.
            (2) Report.--Not later than 60 days after the date of 
        completion of the study under paragraph (1), the Comptroller 
        General shall submit a report describing the results of the 
        study to--
                    (A) the Committee on Agriculture of the House of 
                Representatives; and
                    (B) the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and 
                Forestry of the Senate.

SEC. 12404. FARM SERVICE AGENCY.

    (a) In General.--Section 226 of the Department of Agriculture 
Reorganization Act of 1994 (7 U.S.C. 6932) is amended--
            (1) in the section heading, by striking ``consolidated 
        farm'' and inserting ``farm'';
            (2) in subsection (b), in the subsection heading, by 
        striking ``of Consolidated Farm Service Agency''; and
            (3) by striking ``Consolidated Farm'' each place it appears 
        and inserting ``Farm''.
    (b) Conforming Amendments.--
            (1) Section 246 of the Department of Agriculture 
        Reorganization Act of 1994 (7 U.S.C. 6962) is amended--
                    (A) in subsection (c), by striking ``Consolidated 
                Farm'' each place it appears and inserting ``Farm''; 
                and
                    (B) in subsection (e)(2), by striking 
                ``Consolidated Farm'' each place it appears and 
                inserting ``Farm''.
            (2) Section 271(2)(A) of the Department of Agriculture 
        Reorganization Act of 1994 (7 U.S.C. 6991(2)(A)) is amended by 
        striking ``Consolidated Farm'' each place it appears and 
        inserting ``Farm''.
            (3) Section 275(b) of the Department of Agriculture 
        Reorganization Act of 1994 (7 U.S.C. 6995(b)) is amended by 
        striking ``Consolidated Farm'' each place it appears and 
        inserting ``Farm''.

SEC. 12405. UNDER SECRETARY OF AGRICULTURE FOR FARM PRODUCTION AND 
              CONSERVATION.

    (a) Office of Risk Management.--Section 226A(d)(1) of the 
Department of Agriculture Reorganization Act of 1994 (7 U.S.C. 
6933(d)(1)) is amended by striking ``Under Secretary of Agriculture for 
Farm and Foreign Agricultural Services'' and inserting ``Under 
Secretary of Agriculture for Farm Production and Conservation''.
    (b) Multiagency Task Force.--Section 242(b)(3) of the Department of 
Agriculture Reorganization Act of 1994 (7 U.S.C. 6952(b)(3)) is amended 
by striking ``Under Secretary for Farm and Foreign Agricultural 
Services'' and inserting ``Under Secretary of Agriculture for Farm 
Production and Conservation''.
    (c) Food Aid Consultative Group.--Section 205(b)(2) of the Food for 
Peace Act (7 U.S.C. 1725(b)(2)) is amended by striking ``Under 
Secretary of Agriculture for Farm and Foreign Agricultural Services'' 
and inserting ``Under Secretary of Agriculture for Trade and Foreign 
Agricultural Affairs''.
    (d) Interagency Committee on Minority Careers in International 
Affairs.--Section 625(c)(1)(A) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 
U.S.C. 1131c(c)(1)(A)) is amended by striking ``Under Secretary'' and 
all that follows through ``designee'' and inserting ``Under Secretary 
of Agriculture for Trade and Foreign Agricultural Affairs, or the 
designee of that Under Secretary''.

SEC. 12406. UNDER SECRETARY OF AGRICULTURE FOR RURAL DEVELOPMENT.

    Section 231 of the Department of Agriculture Reorganization Act of 
1994 (7 U.S.C. 6941) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a), by striking ``is authorized to'' and 
        inserting ``shall'';
            (2) in subsection (b), by striking ``If the Secretary'' and 
        all that follows through ``the Under Secretary'' and inserting 
        ``The Under Secretary of Agriculture for Rural Development''; 
        and
            (3) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(g) Termination of Authority.--Section 296(b)(9) shall not apply 
to this section.''.

SEC. 12407. ADMINISTRATOR OF THE RURAL UTILITIES SERVICE.

    (a) In General.--
            (1) Technical correction.--
                    (A) In general.--Section 232(b) of the Department 
                of Agriculture Reorganization Act of 1994 (7 U.S.C. 
                6942(b)) (as in effect on the day before the effective 
                date of the amendments made by section 2(a)(2) of the 
                Presidential Appointment Efficiency and Streamlining 
                Act of 2011 (Public Law 112-166; 126 Stat. 1283, 1295)) 
                is amended--
                            (i) by striking paragraph (2) (relating to 
                        succession); and
                            (ii) by redesignating paragraph (3) 
                        (relating to the Executive Schedule) as 
                        paragraph (2).
                    (B) Effective date.--The amendments made by 
                subparagraph (A) take effect on the effective date 
                described in section 6(a) of the Presidential 
                Appointment Efficiency and Streamlining Act of 2011 
                (Public Law 112-166; 126 Stat. 1295).
            (2) Compensation.--Section 232(b) of the Department of 
        Agriculture Reorganization Act of 1994 (7 U.S.C. 6942(b)) (as 
        amended by paragraph (1)) is amended by adding at the end the 
        following:
            ``(3) Compensation.--The Administrator of the Rural 
        Utilities Service shall receive basic pay at a rate not to 
        exceed the maximum amount of compensation payable to a member 
        of the Senior Executive Service under subsection (b) of section 
        5382 of title 5, United States Code, except that the 
        certification requirement under that subsection shall not apply 
        to the compensation of the Director.''.
    (b) Conforming Amendments.--
            (1) Section 5315 of title 5, United States Code, is amended 
        by striking ``Administrator, Rural Utilities Service, 
        Department of Agriculture.''.
            (2) Section 748 of Public Law 107-76 (7 U.S.C. 918b) is 
        amended by striking ``the Administrator of the Rural Utilities 
        Service'' and inserting ``the Secretary of Agriculture''.
            (3) Section 379B(a) of the Consolidated Farm and Rural 
        Development Act (7 U.S.C. 2008p(a)) is amended by striking 
        ``Secretary'' and all that follows through ``may'' and 
        inserting ``Secretary may''.
            (4) Section 6407(b)(4) of the Farm Security and Rural 
        Investment Act of 2002 (7 U.S.C. 8107a(b)(4)) is amended by 
        striking ``Agriculture'' and all that follows through 
        ``Service'' and inserting ``Agriculture''.
            (5) Section 1004 of the Launching our Communities' Access 
        to Local Television Act of 2000 (47 U.S.C. 1103) is amended--
                    (A) in subsection (b)(1), by striking ``The 
                Administrator (as defined in section 1005)'' and 
                inserting ``The Secretary of Agriculture''; and
                    (B) in subsection (h)(2)(D), by striking 
                ``Administrator'' each place it appears and inserting 
                ``Secretary of Agriculture''.
            (6) Section 1005 of the Launching our Communities' Access 
        to Local Television Act of 2000 (47 U.S.C. 1104) is amended--
                    (A) in subsection (a), by striking ``The 
                Administrator'' and all that follows through ``shall'' 
                and inserting ``The Secretary of Agriculture (referred 
                to in this section as the `Secretary') shall''; and
                    (B) by striking ``Administrator'' each place it 
                appears and inserting ``Secretary''.

SEC. 12408. RURAL HEALTH LIAISON.

    Subtitle C of title II of the Department of Agriculture 
Reorganization Act of 1994 (7 U.S.C. 6941 et seq.) is amended by adding 
at the end the following:

``SEC. 236. RURAL HEALTH LIAISON.

    ``(a) Authorization.--The Secretary shall establish in the 
Department the position of Rural Health Liaison.
    ``(b) Duties.--The Rural Health Liaison shall--
            ``(1) in consultation with the Secretary of Health and 
        Human Services, coordinate the role of the Department with 
        respect to rural health;
            ``(2) integrate across the Department the strategic 
        planning and activities relating to rural health;
            ``(3) improve communication relating to rural health within 
        the Department and between Federal agencies;
            ``(4) advocate on behalf of the health care and relevant 
        infrastructure needs in rural areas;
            ``(5) provide to stakeholders, potential grant applicants, 
        Federal agencies, State agencies, Indian Tribes, private 
        organizations, and academic institutions relevant data and 
        information, including the eligibility requirements for, and 
        availability and outcomes of, Department programs applicable to 
        the advancement of rural health;
            ``(6) maintain communication with public health, medical, 
        occupational safety, and telecommunication associations, 
        research entities, and other stakeholders to ensure that the 
        Department is aware of current and upcoming issues relating to 
        rural health;
            ``(7) consult on programs, pilot projects, research, 
        training, and other affairs relating to rural health at the 
        Department and other Federal agencies;
            ``(8) provide expertise on rural health to support the 
        activities of the Secretary as Chair of the Interagency Task 
        Force on Agriculture and Rural Prosperity; and
            ``(9) provide technical assistance and guidance with 
        respect to activities relating to rural health to the outreach, 
        extension, and county offices of the Department.''.

SEC. 12409. HEALTHY FOOD FINANCING INITIATIVE.

    Section 243 of the Department of Agriculture Reorganization Act of 
1994 (7 U.S.C. 6953) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a), by inserting ``and enterprises'' 
        after ``retailers'';
            (2) in subsection (b)(3)(B)(iii), by inserting ``and 
        enterprises'' after ``retailers''; and
            (3) in subsection (c)(2)(B)(ii), by inserting ``as 
        applicable,'' before ``to accept''.

SEC. 12410. NATURAL RESOURCES CONSERVATION SERVICE.

    (a) Field Offices.--Section 246 of the Department of Agriculture 
Reorganization Act of 1994 (7 U.S.C. 6962) (as amended by section 
12404(b)(1)) is amended by adding at the end the following:
    ``(g) Field Offices.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall not close any field 
        office of the Natural Resources Conservation Service unless, 
        not later than 60 days before the date of the closure, the 
        Secretary submits to the Committee on Agriculture of the House 
        of Representatives and the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, 
        and Forestry of the Senate a notification of the closure.
            ``(2) Employees.--The Secretary shall not permanently 
        relocate any field-based employees of the Natural Resources 
        Conservation Service or the rural development mission area if 
        doing so would result in a field office of the Natural 
        Resources Conservation Service or the rural development mission 
        area with 2 or fewer employees, unless, not later than 60 days 
        before the date of the permanent relocation, the Secretary 
        submits to the Committee on Agriculture of the House of 
        Representatives and the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, 
        and Forestry of the Senate a notification of the permanent 
        relocation.''.
    (b) Technical Corrections.--Section 246 of the Department of 
Agriculture Reorganization Act of 1994 (7 U.S.C. 6962) (as amended by 
subsection (a)) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (b)--
                    (A) by striking paragraph (2);
                    (B) by redesignating paragraphs (3) through (6) as 
                paragraphs (2) through (5), respectively;
                    (C) in paragraph (4) (as so redesignated), by 
                inserting ``; Public Law 101-624'' after ``note''; and
                    (D) in paragraph (5) (as so redesignated), by 
                striking ``3831-3836'' and inserting ``3831 et seq.''; 
                and
            (2) in subsection (c), in the matter preceding paragraph 
        (1), by striking ``paragraphs (1), (2), and (4) of subsection 
        (b) and the program under subchapter C of chapter 1 of subtitle 
        D of title XII of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 
        3837-3837f)'' and inserting ``paragraphs (1) and (3) of 
        subsection (b)''.
    (c) Relocation in Act.--
            (1) In general.--Section 246 of the Department of 
        Agriculture Reorganization Act of 1994 (7 U.S.C. 6962) (as 
        amended by subsection (b)) is--
                    (A) redesignated as section 228; and
                    (B) moved so as to appear at the end of subtitle B 
                of title II (7 U.S.C. 6931 et seq.).
            (2) Conforming amendments.--
                    (A) Section 226 of the Department of Agriculture 
                Reorganization Act of 1994 (7 U.S.C. 6932) (as amended 
                by section 12404(a)) is amended--
                            (i) in subsection (b)(5), by striking 
                        ``section 246(b)'' and inserting ``section 
                        228(b)''; and
                            (ii) in subsection (g)(2), by striking 
                        ``section 246(b)'' and inserting ``section 
                        228(b)''.
                    (B) Section 271(2)(F) of the Department of 
                Agriculture Reorganization Act of 1994 (7 U.S.C. 
                6991(2)(F)) is amended by striking ``section 246(b)'' 
                and inserting ``section 228(b)''.

SEC. 12411. OFFICE OF THE CHIEF SCIENTIST.

    (a) In General.--Section 251(e) of the Department of Agriculture 
Reorganization Act of 1994 (7 U.S.C. 6971(e)) is amended--
            (1) in the subsection heading, by striking ``Research, 
        Education, and Extension Office'' and inserting ``Office of the 
        Chief Scientist'';
            (2) in paragraph (1), by striking ``Research, Education, 
        and Extension Office'' and inserting ``Office of the Chief 
        Scientist'';
            (3) in paragraph (2), in the matter preceding subparagraph 
        (A), by striking ``Research, Education, and Extension Office'' 
        and inserting ``Office of the Chief Scientist'';
            (4) in paragraph (3)(C), by striking ``subparagraph (A) 
        shall not exceed 4 years'' and inserting ``clauses (i) and 
        (iii) of subparagraph (A) shall be for not less than 3 years'';
            (5) by redesignating paragraphs (4) and (5) as paragraphs 
        (5) and (6), respectively;
            (6) by inserting after paragraph (3) the following:
            ``(4) Additional leadership duties.--In addition to 
        selecting the Division Chiefs under paragraph (3), using 
        available personnel authority under title 5, United States 
        Code, the Under Secretary shall select personnel--
                    ``(A) to oversee implementation, training, and 
                compliance with the scientific integrity policy of the 
                Department;
                    ``(B)(i) to integrate strategic program planning 
                and evaluation functions across the programs of the 
                Department; and
                    ``(ii) to help prepare the annual report to 
                Congress on the relevance and adequacy of programs 
                under the jurisdiction of the Under Secretary;
                    ``(C) to assist the Chief Scientist in coordinating 
                the international engagements of the Department with 
                the Department of State and other international 
                agencies and offices of the Federal Government; and
                    ``(D) to oversee other duties as may be required by 
                law or Department policy.'';
            (7) in paragraph (5) (as so redesignated)--
                    (A) in subparagraph (A), by striking 
                ``Notwithstanding'' and inserting the following:
                            ``(i) Authorization of appropriations.--
                        There are authorized to be appropriated such 
                        sums as are necessary to fund the costs of 
                        Division personnel.
                            ``(ii) Additional funding.--In addition to 
                        amounts made available under clause (i), 
                        notwithstanding''; and
                    (B) in subparagraph (C)--
                            (i) in clause (i), by striking ``and'' at 
                        the end;
                            (ii) in clause (ii), by striking the period 
                        at the end and inserting ``; and''; and
                            (iii) by adding at the end the following:
                            ``(iii) provides strong staff continuity to 
                        the Office of the Chief Scientist.''; and
            (8) in paragraph (6) (as so redesignated), by striking 
        ``Research, Education and Extension Office'' and inserting 
        ``Office of the Chief Scientist''.
    (b) Conforming Amendments.--
            (1) Section 251(f)(5)(B) of the Department of Agriculture 
        Reorganization Act of 1994 (7 U.S.C. 6971(f)(5)(B)) is amended 
        by striking ``Research, Education and Extension Office'' and 
        inserting ``Office of the Chief Scientist''.
            (2) Section 296(b)(6)(B) of the Department of Agriculture 
        Reorganization Act of 1994 (7 U.S.C. 7014(b)(6)(B)) is amended 
        by striking ``Research, Education, and Extension Office'' and 
        inserting ``Office of the Chief Scientist''.

SEC. 12412. TRADE AND FOREIGN AGRICULTURAL AFFAIRS.

    The Department of Agriculture Reorganization Act of 1994 is 
amended--
            (1) by redesignating subtitle J (7 U.S.C. 7011 et seq.) as 
        subtitle K; and
            (2) by inserting after subtitle I (7 U.S.C. 7005 et seq.) 
        the following:

          ``Subtitle J--Trade and Foreign Agricultural Affairs

``SEC. 287. UNDER SECRETARY OF AGRICULTURE FOR TRADE AND FOREIGN 
              AGRICULTURAL AFFAIRS.

    ``(a) Establishment.--There is established in the Department the 
position of Under Secretary of Agriculture for Trade and Foreign 
Agricultural Affairs.
    ``(b) Appointment.--The Under Secretary of Agriculture for Trade 
and Foreign Agricultural Affairs shall be appointed by the President, 
by and with the advice and consent of the Senate.
    ``(c) Functions.--
            ``(1) Principal functions.--The Secretary shall delegate to 
        the Under Secretary of Agriculture for Trade and Foreign 
        Agricultural Affairs those functions and duties under the 
        jurisdiction of the Department that are related to trade and 
        foreign agricultural affairs.
            ``(2) Additional functions.--The Under Secretary of 
        Agriculture for Trade and Foreign Agricultural Affairs shall 
        perform such other functions and duties as may be--
                    ``(A) required by law; or
                    ``(B) prescribed by the Secretary.''.

SEC. 12413. REPEALS.

    (a) Department of Agriculture Reorganization Act of 1994.--The 
following provisions of the Department of Agriculture Reorganization 
Act of 1994 are repealed:
            (1) Section 211 (7 U.S.C. 6911).
            (2) Section 213 (7 U.S.C. 6913).
            (3) Section 214 (7 U.S.C. 6914).
            (4) Section 217 (7 U.S.C. 6917).
            (5) Section 247 (7 U.S.C. 6963).
            (6) Section 252 (7 U.S.C. 6972).
            (7) Section 295 (7 U.S.C. 7013).
    (b) Other Provision.--Section 3208 of the Agricultural Act of 2014 
(7 U.S.C. 6935) is repealed.

SEC. 12414. TECHNICAL CORRECTIONS.

    (a) Office of Risk Management.--Section 226A(a) of the Department 
of Agriculture Reorganization Act of 1994 (7 U.S.C. 6933(a)) is amended 
by striking ``Subject to subsection (e), the Secretary'' and inserting 
``The Secretary''.
    (b) Correction of Error.--
            (1) Assistant secretaries of agriculture.--Section 218 of 
        the Department of Agriculture Reorganization Act of 1994 (7 
        U.S.C. 6918) (as in effect on the day before the effective date 
        of the amendments made by section 2(a)(1) of the Presidential 
        Appointment Efficiency and Streamlining Act of 2011 (Public Law 
        112-166; 126 Stat. 1283, 1295)) is amended by striking 
        ``Senate.'' in subsection (b) and all that follows through 
        ``responsibility for--'' in the matter preceding paragraph (1) 
        of subsection (d) and inserting the following: ``Senate.
    ``(c) Duties of Assistant Secretary of Agriculture for Civil 
Rights.--The Secretary may delegate to the Assistant Secretary for 
Civil Rights responsibility for--''.
            (2) Effective date.--The amendments made by paragraph (1) 
        take effect on the effective date described in section 6(a) of 
        the Presidential Appointment Efficiency and Streamlining Act of 
        2011 (Public Law 112-166; 126 Stat. 1295).

SEC. 12415. EFFECT OF SUBTITLE.

    (a) Effective Date.--Except as provided in sections 12407(a)(1)(B) 
and 12414(b)(2), this subtitle and the amendments made by this subtitle 
take effect on the date of enactment of this Act.
    (b) Savings Clause.--Nothing in this subtitle or an amendment made 
by this subtitle affects--
            (1) the authority of the Secretary to continue to carry out 
        a function vested in, and performed by, the Secretary as of the 
        date of enactment of this Act; or
            (2) the authority of an agency, office, officer, or 
        employee of the Department of Agriculture to continue to 
        perform all functions delegated or assigned to the agency, 
        office, officer, or employee as of the date of enactment of 
        this Act.

SEC. 12416. TERMINATION OF AUTHORITY.

    Section 296(b) of the Department of Agriculture Reorganization Act 
of 1994 (7 U.S.C. 7014(b)) is amended by adding at the end the 
following:
            ``(9) The authority of the Secretary to carry out the 
        amendments made to this title by the Agriculture Improvement 
        Act of 2018.''.

               Subtitle E--Other Miscellaneous Provisions

SEC. 12501. ACER ACCESS AND DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM.

    Section 12306(f) of the Agricultural Act of 2014 (7 U.S.C. 
1632c(f)) is amended by striking ``2018'' and inserting ``2023''.

SEC. 12502. SOUTH CAROLINA INCLUSION IN VIRGINIA/CAROLINA PEANUT 
              PRODUCING REGION.

    Section 1308(c)(2)(B)(iii) of the Farm Security and Rural 
Investment Act of 2002 (7 U.S.C. 7958(c)(2)(B)(iii)) is amended by 
striking ``Virginia and North Carolina'' and inserting ``Virginia, 
North Carolina, and South Carolina''.

SEC. 12503. PET AND WOMEN SAFETY.

    (a) Pet Involvement in Crimes Related to Domestic Violence and 
Stalking.--
            (1) Interstate stalking.--Section 2261A of title 18, United 
        States Code, is amended--
                    (A) in paragraph (1)(A)--
                            (i) in clause (ii), by striking ``or'' at 
                        the end; and
                            (ii) by inserting after clause (iii) the 
                        following:
                            ``(iv) the pet of that person; or''; and
                    (B) in paragraph (2)(A)--
                            (i) by inserting after ``to a person'' the 
                        following: ``or a pet''; and
                            (ii) by striking ``or (iii)'' and inserting 
                        ``(iii), or (iv)''.
            (2) Interstate violation of protection order.--Section 2262 
        of title 18, United States Code, is amended--
                    (A) in subsection (a)--
                            (i) in paragraph (1), by inserting after 
                        ``another person'' the following: ``or the pet 
                        of that person''; and
                            (ii) in paragraph (2), by inserting after 
                        ``proximity to, another person'' the following 
                        ``or the pet of that person''; and
                    (B) in subsection (b)(5), by inserting after ``in 
                any other case,'' the following: ``including any case 
                in which the offense is committed against a pet,''.
            (3) Restitution to include veterinary services.--Section 
        2264 of title 18, United States Code, is amended in subsection 
        (b)(3)--
                    (A) by redesignating subparagraph (F) as 
                subparagraph (G);
                    (B) in subparagraph (E), by striking ``and'' at the 
                end; and
                    (C) by inserting after subparagraph (E) the 
                following:
                    ``(F) veterinary services relating to physical care 
                for the victim's pet; and''.
            (4) Pet defined.--Section 2266 of title 18, United States 
        Code, is amended by inserting after paragraph (10) the 
        following:
            ``(11) Pet.--The term `pet' means a domesticated animal, 
        such as a dog, cat, bird, rodent, fish, turtle, horse, or other 
        animal that is kept for pleasure rather than for commercial 
        purposes.''.
    (b) Emergency and Transitional Pet Shelter and Housing Assistance 
Grant Program.--
            (1) In general.--The Secretary, acting in consultation with 
        the Office of the Violence Against Women of the Department of 
        Justice, the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development, and 
        the Secretary of Health and Human Services, shall award grants 
        under this subsection to eligible entities to carry out 
        programs to provide the assistance described in paragraph (3) 
        with respect to victims of domestic violence, dating violence, 
        sexual assault, or stalking and the pets of such victims.
            (2) Application.--
                    (A) In general.--An eligible entity seeking a grant 
                under this subsection shall submit an application to 
                the Secretary at such time, in such manner, and 
                containing such information as the Secretary may 
                reasonably require, including--
                            (i) a description of the activities for 
                        which a grant under this subsection is sought;
                            (ii) such assurances as the Secretary 
                        determines to be necessary to ensure compliance 
                        by the entity with the requirements of this 
                        subsection; and
                            (iii) a certification that the entity, 
                        before engaging with any individual domestic 
                        violence victim, will disclose to the victim 
                        any mandatory duty of the entity to report 
                        instances of abuse and neglect (including 
                        instances of abuse and neglect of pets).
                    (B) Additional requirements.--In addition to the 
                requirements of subparagraph (A), each application 
                submitted by an eligible entity under that subparagraph 
                shall--
                            (i) not include proposals for any 
                        activities that may compromise the safety of a 
                        domestic violence victim, including--
                                    (I) background checks of domestic 
                                violence victims; or
                                    (II) clinical evaluations to 
                                determine the eligibility of such a 
                                victim for support services;
                            (ii) not include proposals that would 
                        require mandatory services for victims or that 
                        a victim obtain a protective order in order to 
                        receive proposed services; and
                            (iii) reflect the eligible entity's 
                        understanding of the dynamics of domestic 
                        violence, dating violence, sexual assault, or 
                        stalking.
                    (C) Rules of construction.--Nothing in this 
                paragraph shall be construed to require--
                            (i) domestic violence victims to 
                        participate in the criminal justice system in 
                        order to receive services; or
                            (ii) eligible entities receiving a grant 
                        under this subsection to breach client 
                        confidentiality.
            (3) Use of funds.--Grants awarded under this subsection may 
        only be used for programs that provide--
                    (A) emergency and transitional shelter and housing 
                assistance for domestic violence victims with pets, 
                including assistance with respect to any construction 
                or operating expenses of newly developed or existing 
                emergency and transitional pet shelter and housing 
                (regardless of whether such shelter and housing is co-
                located at a victim service provider or within the 
                community);
                    (B) short-term shelter and housing assistance for 
                domestic violence victims with pets, including 
                assistance with respect to expenses incurred for the 
                temporary shelter, housing, boarding, or fostering of 
                the pets of domestic violence victims and other 
                expenses that are incidental to securing the safety of 
                such a pet during the sheltering, housing, or 
                relocation of such victims;
                    (C) support services designed to enable a domestic 
                violence victim who is fleeing a situation of domestic 
                violence, dating violence, sexual assault, or stalking 
                to--
                            (i) locate and secure--
                                    (I) safe housing with the victim's 
                                pet; or
                                    (II) safe accommodations for the 
                                victim's pet; or
                            (ii) provide the victim with pet-related 
                        services, such as pet transportation, pet care 
                        services, and other assistance; or
                    (D) for the training of relevant stakeholders on--
                            (i) the link between domestic violence, 
                        dating violence, sexual assault, or stalking 
                        and the abuse and neglect of pets;
                            (ii) the needs of domestic violence 
                        victims;
                            (iii) best practices for providing support 
                        services to such victims;
                            (iv) best practices for providing such 
                        victims with referrals to victims' services; 
                        and
                            (v) the importance of confidentiality.
            (4) Grant conditions.--An eligible entity that receives a 
        grant under this subsection shall, as a condition of such 
        receipt, agree--
                    (A) to be bound by the nondisclosure of 
                confidential information requirements of section 
                40002(b)(2) of the Violence Against Women Act of 1994 
                (34 U.S.C. 12291(b)(2)); and
                    (B) that the entity shall not condition the receipt 
                of support, housing, or other benefits provided 
                pursuant to this subsection on the participation of 
                domestic violence victims in any or all of the support 
                services offered to such victims through a program 
                carried out by the entity using grant funds.
            (5) Duration of assistance provided to victims.--
                    (A) In general.--Subject to subparagraph (B), 
                assistance provided with respect to a pet of a domestic 
                violence victim using grant funds awarded under this 
                subsection shall be provided for a period of not more 
                than 24 months.
                    (B) Extension.--An eligible entity that receives a 
                grant under this subsection may extend the 24-month 
                period referred to in subparagraph (A) for a period of 
                not more than 6 months in the case of a domestic 
                violence victim who--
                            (i) has made a good faith effort to acquire 
                        permanent housing for the victim's pet during 
                        that 24-month period; and
                            (ii) has been unable to acquire such 
                        permanent housing within that period.
            (6) Report to the secretary.--Not later than 1 year after 
        the date on which an eligible entity receives a grant under 
        this subsection and each year thereafter, the entity shall 
        submit to the Secretary a report that contains, with respect to 
        assistance provided by the entity to domestic violence victims 
        with pets using grant funds received under this subsection, 
        information on--
                    (A) the number of domestic violence victims with 
                pets provided such assistance; and
                    (B) the purpose, amount, type of, and duration of 
                such assistance.
            (7) Report to congress.--
                    (A) Reporting requirement.--Not later than November 
                1 of each even-numbered fiscal year, the Secretary 
                shall submit to the Committee on Agriculture of the 
                House of Representatives and the Committee on 
                Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate a 
                report that contains a compilation of the information 
                contained in the reports submitted under paragraph (6).
                    (B) Availability of report.--The Secretary shall 
                transmit a copy of the report submitted under 
                subparagraph (A) to--
                            (i) the Office on Violence Against Women of 
                        the Department of Justice;
                            (ii) the Office of Community Planning and 
                        Development of the Department of Housing and 
                        Urban Development; and
                            (iii) the Administration for Children and 
                        Families of the Department of Health and Human 
                        Services.
            (8) Authorization of appropriations.--
                    (A) In general.--There are authorized to be 
                appropriated to carry out this subsection $3,000,000 
                for each of fiscal years 2019 through 2023.
                    (B) Limitation.--Of the amount made available under 
                subparagraph (A) in any fiscal year, not more than 5 
                percent may be used for evaluation, monitoring, 
                salaries, and administrative expenses.
            (9) Definitions.--In this subsection:
                    (A) Domestic violence victim defined.--The term 
                ``domestic violence victim'' means a victim of domestic 
                violence, dating violence, sexual assault, or stalking.
                    (B) Eligible entity.--The term ``eligible entity'' 
                means--
                            (i) a State;
                            (ii) a unit of local government;
                            (iii) an Indian tribe; or
                            (iv) any other organization that has a 
                        documented history of effective work concerning 
                        domestic violence, dating violence, sexual 
                        assault, or stalking (as determined by the 
                        Secretary), including--
                                    (I) a domestic violence and sexual 
                                assault victim service provider;
                                    (II) a domestic violence and sexual 
                                assault coalition;
                                    (III) a community-based and 
                                culturally specific organization;
                                    (IV) any other nonprofit, 
                                nongovernmental organization; and
                                    (V) any organization that works 
                                directly with pets and collaborates 
                                with any organization referred to in 
                                clauses (i) through (iv), including--
                                            (aa) an animal shelter; and
                                            (bb) an animal welfare 
                                        organization.
                    (C) Pet.--The term ``pet'' means a domesticated 
                animal, such as a dog, cat, bird, rodent, fish, turtle, 
                horse, or other animal that is kept for pleasure rather 
                than for commercial purposes.
                    (D) Other terms.--Except as otherwise provided in 
                this subsection, terms used in this section shall have 
                the meaning given such terms in section 40002(a) of the 
                Violence Against Women Act of 1994 (34 U.S.C. 
                12291(a)).
    (c) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that States 
should encourage the inclusion of protections against violent or 
threatening acts against the pet of a person in domestic violence 
protection orders.

SEC. 12504. DATA ON CONSERVATION PRACTICES.

    Subtitle E of title XII of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 
3841 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the following:

``SEC. 1247. DATA ON CONSERVATION PRACTICES.

    ``(a) Purpose.--The purpose of this section is to increase the 
knowledge of how covered conservation practices or suites of covered 
conservation practices impact farm and ranch profitability (such as 
crop yields, soil health, and other risk-reducing factors) by using an 
appropriate collection, review, and analysis of data.
    ``(b) Definitions.--In this section:
            ``(1) Covered conservation practice.--The term `covered 
        conservation practice' means a conservation practice--
                    ``(A) that is approved and supported by the 
                Department; and
                    ``(B) for which the Department has developed 1 or 
                more practice standards.
            ``(2) Department.--The term `Department' means the 
        Department of Agriculture.
            ``(3) Privacy and confidentiality requirements.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The term `privacy and 
                confidentiality requirements' means all laws applicable 
                to the Department and the agencies of the Department 
                that protect data provided to, or collected by, the 
                agencies of the Department from being disclosed to the 
                public in any manner except as authorized by those 
                laws.
                    ``(B) Inclusions.--The term `privacy and 
                confidentiality requirements' includes--
                            ``(i) sections 552 and 552a of title 5, 
                        United States Code;
                            ``(ii) section 502(c) of the Federal Crop 
                        Insurance Act (7 U.S.C. 1502(c));
                            ``(iii) section 1770 of the Food Security 
                        Act of 1985 (7 U.S.C. 2276);
                            ``(iv) section 1619 of the Food, 
                        Conservation, and Energy Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 
                        8791); and
                            ``(v) the Confidential Information 
                        Protection and Statistical Efficiency Act of 
                        2002 (44 U.S.C. 3501 note; Public Law 107-347).
    ``(c) Data Collection, Review, Analysis, and Technical 
Assistance.--
            ``(1) In general.--Subject to applicable privacy and 
        confidentiality requirements, the Secretary shall--
                    ``(A) not less frequently than annually, review and 
                publish a summary of existing research of the 
                Department, institutions of higher education, and other 
                organizations relating to the impacts of covered 
                conservation practices that relate to crop yields, soil 
                health, risk, and farm and ranch profitability;
                    ``(B) identify current data pertaining to the 
                impacts of covered conservation practices that relate 
                to crop yields, soil health, risk, and farm and ranch 
                profitability collected by the Department, including--
                            ``(i) the Farm Service Agency;
                            ``(ii) the Risk Management Agency;
                            ``(iii) the Natural Resources Conservation 
                        Service;
                            ``(iv) the National Agricultural Statistics 
                        Service;
                            ``(v) the Economic Research Service; and
                            ``(vi) any other relevant agency, as 
                        determined by the Secretary;
                    ``(C) collect additional data specifically 
                pertaining to the impacts of covered conservation 
                practices that relate to crop yields, soil health, 
                risk, and farm and ranch profitability necessary to 
                achieve the purpose described in subsection (a), on the 
                condition that a producer shall not be compelled or 
                required to provide that data;
                    ``(D) ensure that data identified or collected 
                under subparagraph (B) or (C), respectively, are 
                collected in a compatible format at the field- and 
                farm-level;
                    ``(E) improve the interoperability of the data 
                collected by the Department for the purposes of this 
                section;
                    ``(F) in carrying out subparagraph (C), use 
                existing authorities and procedures of the National 
                Agricultural Statistics Service to allow producers to 
                voluntarily provide supplemental data that may be 
                useful in analyzing the impacts of covered conservation 
                practices relating to crop yields, soil health, risk, 
                and farm and ranch profitability using the least 
                burdensome means to collect that data, such as through 
                voluntary producer surveys;
                    ``(G) integrate and analyze the data identified or 
                collected under this subsection to consider the impacts 
                of covered conservation practices relating to crop 
                yields, soil health, risk, and farm and ranch 
                profitability;
                    ``(H) acting through the Administrator of the Risk 
                Management Agency, in coordination with the 
                Administrator of the Farm Service Agency and the Chief 
                of the Natural Resources Conservation Service--
                            ``(i) research and analyze how yield 
                        variability and risk are affected by different 
                        soil types for major crops;
                            ``(ii) research and analyze how yield 
                        variability and risk for different soil types 
                        are affected by individual, or combinations of, 
                        agricultural management practices, including 
                        cover crops, no-till farming, adaptive nitrogen 
                        management, skip-row planting, and crop 
                        rotation for major crops; and
                            ``(iii) not later than 2 years after the 
                        date of enactment of this section, publish the 
                        findings of the research under clauses (i) and 
                        (ii);
                    ``(I) to the extent practicable, integrate, 
                collate, and link data identified under this subsection 
                with other external data sources that include crop 
                yields, soil health, and conservation practices, 
                ensuring that all privacy and confidentiality 
                requirements are implemented to protect all data 
                subject to the privacy and confidentiality 
                requirements;
                    ``(J) not later than 2 years after the date of 
                enactment of this section--
                            ``(i) establish a conservation and farm 
                        productivity data warehouse that contains the 
                        data identified or collected under subparagraph 
                        (B) or (C), respectively, in a form authorized 
                        under the privacy and confidentiality 
                        requirements applicable to each agency of the 
                        Department that contributes data to the data 
                        warehouse; and
                            ``(ii) allow access to the data warehouse 
                        established under clause (i) by an academic 
                        institution or researcher, if the academic 
                        institution or researcher has complied with all 
                        requirements of the National Agricultural 
                        Statistics Service under section 1770 of the 
                        Food Security Act of 1985 (7 U.S.C. 2276) 
                        relating to the sharing of data of the Natural 
                        Agricultural Statistics Service; and
                    ``(K) not less frequently than annually, and, if 
                practicable, more frequently than annually, disseminate 
                the results of the research and analysis obtained 
                through carrying out this section that demonstrate the 
                impacts of covered conservation practices on crop 
                yields, soil health, risk, and farm and ranch 
                profitability in an aggregate manner that protects 
                individual producer data and makes the results of the 
                research and analysis easily used and implemented by 
                producers and other stakeholders.
            ``(2) Procedures to protect integrity and 
        confidentiality.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Before providing access to any 
                data under paragraph (1), the Secretary shall establish 
                procedures to protect the integrity and confidentiality 
                of any data identified, collected, or warehoused under 
                this section.
                    ``(B) Requirements.--Procedures under subparagraph 
                (A) shall--
                            ``(i) ensure that any research or analysis 
                        published or disseminated by any person with 
                        access to the data identified, collected, or 
                        warehoused under this section complies with all 
                        applicable privacy and confidentiality 
                        requirements relating to that data; and
                            ``(ii) limit access to data to only 
                        individuals specifically authorized to access 
                        the data by the Secretary.
            ``(3) Administration.--The Secretary shall carry out 
        paragraph (1) using--
                    ``(A) authorities available to the Secretary under 
                other applicable laws; and
                    ``(B) funds otherwise made available to the 
                Secretary.
            ``(4) Effect.--
                    ``(A) Combination of data.--The combination of data 
                protected from disclosure under the privacy and 
                confidentiality requirements with data covered by 
                lesser protections or no protections in the data 
                warehouse established under paragraph (1)(J)(i) shall 
                not modify or otherwise affect the privacy and 
                confidentiality requirements that protect the data.
                    ``(B) Protections from release.--Data provided by 
                an agency of the Department under this section shall 
                continue to be covered by the same protections from 
                release as if that data were in the possession of the 
                agency.
    ``(d) Producer Tools.--
            ``(1) In general.--Not later than 3 years after the date of 
        enactment of this section, the Secretary shall provide 
        technical assistance, including through internet-based tools, 
        based on the analysis conducted in carrying out this section 
        and other sources of relevant data, to assist producers in 
        improving sustainable production practices that increase yields 
        and enhance environmental outcomes.
            ``(2) Internet-based tools.--Internet-based tools described 
        in paragraph (1) shall provide to producers, to the maximum 
        extent practicable--
                    ``(A) confidential data specific to each farm or 
                ranch of the producer; and
                    ``(B) general data relating to the impacts of 
                covered conservation practices on crop yields, soil 
                health, risk, and farm and ranch profitability.
    ``(e) Limitation.--Nothing in this section mandates the submission 
of information by a producer that is not already required for another 
purpose under a program of the Department.
    ``(f) Reporting.--Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment 
of this section, and each year thereafter, the Secretary shall submit 
to the Committee on Agriculture of the House of Representatives and the 
Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate a 
report that includes--
            ``(1) a summary of the analysis conducted under this 
        section;
            ``(2) the number and regions of producers that voluntarily 
        submitted information under subparagraphs (C) and (F) of 
        subsection (c)(1);
            ``(3) a description of any additional or new activities 
        planned to be conducted under this section in the next fiscal 
        year, including--
                    ``(A) research relating to any additional 
                conservation practices;
                    ``(B) any new types of data to be collected;
                    ``(C) any improved or streamlined data collection 
                efforts associated with this section; and
                    ``(D) any new research projects; and
            ``(4) in the case of the first 2 reports submitted under 
        this subsection, a description of the current status of the 
        implementation of activities under subsection (c).''.

SEC. 12505. MARKETING ORDERS.

    Section 8e(a) of the Agricultural Adjustment Act (7 U.S.C. 608e-
1(a)), reenacted with amendments by the Agricultural Marketing 
Agreement Act of 1937, is amended by inserting ``cherries, pecans,'' 
after ``walnuts,''.

SEC. 12506. STUDY ON FOOD WASTE.

    (a) Definition of Food Waste.--In this section, the term ``food 
waste'' means food waste that occurs--
            (1) on the farm and ranch production level; and
            (2) before and after the harvest period.
    (b) Study.--The Secretary shall conduct a study to evaluate and 
determine--
            (1) methods of measuring food waste;
            (2) standards for the volume of food waste;
            (3) factors that create food waste;
            (4) the cost and volume of food loss of--
                    (A) domestic fresh food products; and
                    (B) imported fresh food products that pass import 
                inspection but do not make it to market in the United 
                States, consistent with article III of the GATT 1994 
                (as defined in section 2 of the Uruguay Round 
                Agreements Act (19 U.S.C. 3501));
            (5) the reason for the waste described in subparagraphs (A) 
        and (B) of paragraph (4); and
            (6) the potential economic value of the products described 
        in subparagraphs (A) and (B) of paragraph (4) if the products 
        were taken to market; and
            (7) measures to ensure that programs contemplated, 
        undertaken, or funded by the Department of Agriculture do not 
        disrupt existing food waste recovery and disposal by 
        commercial, marketing, or business relationships.
    (c) Initial Report.--Not later than 1 year after the date of 
enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall submit a report that 
describes the results of the study conducted under subsection (b) to 
the Committee on Agriculture of the House of Representatives and the 
Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate.
    (d) Annual Report.--Not later than 1 year after the date of 
submission of the report under subsection (c), the Secretary shall 
submit to the Committee on Agriculture of the House of Representatives 
and the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate 
a report that describes--
            (1) an estimate of the quantity of food waste during the 1-
        year period ending on the date of submission of the report 
        under subsection (c); and
            (2) the best practices or other recommendations that the 
        Secretary, producers, or other stakeholders may consider to 
        reduce food waste.

SEC. 12507. REPORT ON BUSINESS CENTERS.

    (a) In General.--Not later than 365 days after the date of 
enactment of this Act, the Comptroller General of the United States 
shall submit to the Committee on Agriculture of the House of 
Representatives and the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and 
Forestry of the Senate a report evaluating each business center 
established in the Department of Agriculture.
    (b) Inclusions.--The report under subsection (a) shall include--
            (1) an examination of the effectiveness of each business 
        center in carrying out its mission, including any 
        recommendations to improve the operation of and function of any 
        of those business centers; and
            (2) an evaluation of--
                    (A) the impact the business centers have on 
                customer service of the Department of Agriculture;
                    (B) the impact on the annual budget for agencies 
                the budget offices of which have been relocated to the 
                business center, and the effectiveness of funds used to 
                support the business centers, including an accounting 
                of all discretionary and mandatory funding provided to 
                the business center for conservation and farm services 
                from--
                            (i) the Natural Resources Conservation 
                        Service;
                            (ii) the Farm Service Agency; and
                            (iii) the Risk Management Agency;
                    (C) funding described in subparagraph (B) spent on 
                information technology modernizations;
                    (D) the impact that the business centers have had 
                on the human resources of the Department of 
                Agriculture, including hiring;
                    (E) any concerns or problems with the business 
                centers; and
                    (F) any positive or negative impact that the 
                business centers have had on the functionality of the 
                Department of Agriculture.

SEC. 12508. INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY MODERNIZATION.

    (a) In General.--The Comptroller General of the United States 
(referred to in this section as the ``Comptroller General'') shall 
examine efforts of the Department of Agriculture --
            (1) relating to information technology for the business 
        center established by the Secretary for the farm production and 
        conservation activities of the Department of Agriculture; and
            (2) to modernize or otherwise improve information 
        technology for--
                    (A) the Centers of Excellence of the Department of 
                Agriculture; and
                    (B) other major information technology projects of 
                the Department of Agriculture that have the potential 
                to impact the ability of the Department of Agriculture 
                to serve farmers, ranchers, and families.
    (b) Reports.--
            (1) Initial report.--Not later than 180 days after the date 
        of enactment of this Act, the Comptroller General shall submit 
        to the Committee on Agriculture of the House of Representatives 
        and the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of 
        the Senate an initial report or a detailed briefing on the 
        efforts examined under subsection (a), including--
                    (A) a detailed description of each ongoing or 
                planned information technology modernization project 
                and investment in information technology at the 
                Department of Agriculture described in paragraph (1) or 
                (2) of subsection (a) (referred to in this subsection 
                as a ``project or investment'');
                    (B) the justification of the Secretary for each 
                project or investment;
                    (C) a description of whether a cost-benefit 
                analysis was completed for each project or investment 
                identifying savings that will be achieved through the 
                completion of the project or investment; and
                    (D) a description of any concerns about the 
                projects or investments or recommendations for 
                improving the projects or investments.
            (2) Updates.--In carrying out paragraph (1), the 
        Comptroller General shall provide to the Committee on 
        Agriculture of the House of Representatives and the Committee 
        on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate regular 
        briefings to give status updates.
            (3) Comprehensive report.--Not later than 2 years after the 
        date of enactment of this Act, the Comptroller General shall 
        submit to the Committee on Agriculture of the House of 
        Representatives and the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, 
        and Forestry of the Senate a comprehensive report that reviews 
        each project or investment, including--
                    (A) a review of any contract awards or contracting 
                activities;
                    (B) a description of any problems or inadequacies 
                in the projects and investments; and
                    (C) any recommendations for improving the projects 
                and investments.

SEC. 12509. REPORT ON PERSONNEL.

    For the period of fiscal years 2019 through 2023, the Secretary 
shall submit to the Committee on Agriculture of the House of 
Representatives and the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and 
Forestry of the Senate a biannual report describing the number of staff 
years and employees of each agency of the Department of Agriculture.

SEC. 12510. REPORT ON ABSENT LANDLORDS.

    (a) In General.--Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment 
of this Act, the Secretary shall submit to Congress a report describing 
the effects of absent landlords on the long-term economic health of 
agricultural production, including the effect of absent landlords on--
            (1) land valuation;
            (2) soil health; and
            (3) the economic stability of rural communities.
    (b) Contents.--The report under subsection (a) shall include--
            (1) a description of the positive and negative effects of 
        an absent landlord on the land owned by the landlord, 
        including--
                    (A) the effect of an absent landlord on the long-
                term value of the land; and
                    (B) the environmental and economic impact of an 
                absent landlord on the surrounding community; and
            (2) recommendations to policymakers concerning how to 
        mitigate those effects when necessary.

SEC. 12511. RESTRICTION ON USE OF CERTAIN POISONS FOR PREDATOR CONTROL.

    (a) Purpose.--The purpose of this section is to restrict the use of 
sodium cyanide to kill predatory animals given the risks posed by 
sodium cyanide to--
            (1) public safety;
            (2) national security;
            (3) the environment; and
            (4) persons and other animals that come into accidental 
        contact with sodium cyanide.
    (b) Prohibition.--The Secretary shall use sodium cyanide in a 
predator control device described in subsection (c) only in accordance 
with Wildlife Services Directive Number 2.415 of the Animal and Plant 
Health Inspection Service, dated February 27, 2018, and the 
implementation guidelines attached to that Directive.
    (c) Predator Control Device Described.--A predator control device 
referred to in subsection (b) is--
            (1) a dispenser designed to propel sodium cyanide when 
        activated by an animal;
            (2) a gas cartridge or other pyrotechnic device designed to 
        emit sodium cyanide fumes; and
            (3) any other means of dispensing sodium cyanide, including 
        in the form of capsules, for wildlife management or other 
        animal control purposes.

SEC. 12512. CENTURY FARMS PROGRAM.

    The Secretary shall establish a program under which the Secretary 
recognizes any farm that--
            (1) a State department of agriculture or similar statewide 
        agricultural organization recognizes as a Century Farm; or
            (2)(A) is defined as a farm or ranch under section 4284.902 
        of title 7, Code of Federal Regulations (as in effect on the 
        date of enactment of this Act);
            (B) has been in continuous operation for at least 100 
        years; and
            (C) has been owned by the same family for at least 100 
        consecutive years, as verified through deeds, wills, abstracts, 
        tax statements, or other similar legal documents considered 
        appropriate by the Secretary.

SEC. 12513. REPORT ON THE IMPORTATION OF LIVE DOGS.

    (a) In General.--Not later than 180 days after the date of 
enactment of this Act, the Secretary, in consultation with the 
Secretary of Commerce, the Secretary of Health and Human Services, and 
the Secretary of Homeland Security, shall submit to the Committee on 
Agriculture of the House of Representatives and the Committee on 
Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate a report on the 
importation of live dogs into the United States.
    (b) Contents.--The Secretaries described in subsection (a) shall 
provide relevant data to complete the report submitted under subsection 
(a), which shall include, with respect to the importation of live dogs 
into the United States:
            (1) An estimate of the number of live dogs imported 
        annually, excluding personal pets.
            (2) An estimate of the number of live dogs imported for 
        resale annually.
            (3) An estimate of the number of dogs during the period 
        covered by the report for which a request for the importation 
        of live dogs for resale was denied because the proposed 
        importation failed to meet the requirements of section 18 of 
        the Animal Welfare Act (7 U.S.C. 2148).
            (4) Any recommendations of the Secretary for any 
        modifications to Federal law relating to the importation of 
        live dogs for resale that the Secretary determines to be 
        necessary to meet the requirements of section 18 of the Animal 
        Welfare Act (7 U.S.C. 2148).

SEC. 12514. ESTABLISHMENT OF TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE PROGRAM.

    (a) Definition.--In this section, the term ``tribally designated 
housing entity'' has the meaning given the term in section 4 of the 
Native American Housing Assistance and Self-Determination Act of 1996 
(25 U.S.C. 4103).
    (b) In General.--The Secretary shall establish a technical 
assistance program to improve access by Tribal entities to rural 
development programs funded by the Department of Agriculture through 
available cooperative agreement authorities of the Secretary.
    (c) Technical Assistance Program.--The technical assistance program 
established under subsection (b) shall address the unique challenge of 
Tribal governments, Tribal producers, Tribal businesses, Tribal 
business entities, and tribally designated housing entities in 
accessing Department of Agriculture-supported rural infrastructure, 
rural cooperative development, rural business and industry, rural 
housing, and other rural development activities.

SEC. 12515. PROMISE ZONES.

    (a) In General.--In this section, the term ``Tribal Promise Zone'' 
means an area that--
            (1) is nominated by 1 or more Indian tribes (as defined in 
        section 4(13) of the Native American Housing Assistance and 
        Self-Determination Act of 1996 (25 U.S.C. 4103(13))) for 
        designation as a Tribal Promise Zone (in this section referred 
        to as a ``nominated zone'');
            (2) has a continuous boundary; and
            (3) the Secretary designates as a Tribal Promise Zone, 
        after consultation with the Secretary of Commerce, the 
        Secretary of Education, the Attorney General, the Secretary of 
        the Interior, the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development, 
        the Secretary of Health and Human Services, the Secretary of 
        Labor, the Secretary of the Treasury, the Secretary of 
        Transportation, and other agencies as appropriate.
    (b) Authorization and Number of Designations.--Not later than 1 
year after the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall 
nominate a minimum number of nominated zones, as determined by the 
Secretary in consultation with Indian tribes, to be designated as 
Tribal Promise Zones.
    (c) Period of Designations.--
            (1) In general.--The Secretary shall designate nominated 
        zones as Tribal Promise Zones before January 1, 2020.
            (2) Effective dates of designations.--The designation of 
        any Tribal Promise Zone shall take effect--
                    (A) for purposes of priority consideration in 
                Federal grant programs and initiatives (other than this 
                section), upon execution of the Tribal Promise Zone 
                agreement with the Secretary; and
                    (B) for purposes of this section, on January 1 of 
                the first calendar year beginning after the date of the 
                execution of the Tribal Promise Zone agreement.
            (3) Termination of designations.--The designation of any 
        Tribal Promise Zone shall end on the earlier of--
                    (A)(i) with respect to a Tribal Promise Zone not 
                described in paragraph (4), the end of the 10-year 
                period beginning on the date that such designation 
                takes effect; or
                    (ii) with respect to a Tribal Promise Zone 
                described in paragraph (4), the end of the 10-year 
                period beginning on the date the area was designated as 
                a Tribal Promise Zone before the date of the enactment 
                of this Act; or
                    (B) the date of the revocation of such designation.
            (4) Application to certain zones already designated.--In 
        the case of any area designated as a Tribal Promise Zone by the 
        Secretary before the date of the enactment of this Act, such 
        area shall be deemed a Tribal Promise Zone designated under 
        this section (notwithstanding whether any such designation has 
        been revoked before the date of the enactment of this Act) and 
        shall reduce the number of Tribal Promise Zones remaining to be 
        designated under paragraph (1).
    (d) Limitations on Designations.--No area may be designated under 
this section unless--
            (1) the entities nominating the area have the authority to 
        nominate the area of designation under this section;
            (2) such entities provide written assurances satisfactory 
        to the Secretary that the competitiveness plan described in the 
        application under subsection (e) for such area will be 
        implemented and that such entities will provide the Secretary 
        with such data regarding the economic conditions of the area 
        (before, during, and after the area's period of designation as 
        a Tribal Promise Zone) as such Secretary may require; and
            (3) the Secretary determines that any information furnished 
        is reasonably accurate.
    (e) Application.--No area may be designated under this section 
unless the application for such designation--
            (1) demonstrates that the nominated zone satisfies the 
        eligibility criteria described in subsection (a); and
            (2) includes a competitiveness plan that--
                    (A) addresses the need of the nominated zone to 
                attract investment and jobs and improve educational 
                opportunities;
                    (B) leverages the nominated zone's economic 
                strengths and outlines targeted investments to develop 
                competitive advantages;
                    (C) demonstrates collaboration across a wide range 
                of stakeholders;
                    (D) outlines a strategy that connects the nominated 
                zone to drivers of regional economic growth; and
                    (E) proposes a strategy for focusing on increased 
                access to high quality affordable housing and improved 
                public safety.
    (f) Selection Criteria.--
            (1) In general.--From among the nominated zones eligible 
        for designation under this section, the Secretary shall 
        designate Tribal Promise Zones on the basis of--
                    (A) the effectiveness of the competitiveness plan 
                submitted under subsection (e) and the assurances made 
                under subsection (d);
                    (B) unemployment rates, poverty rates, vacancy 
                rates, crime rates, and such other factors as the 
                Secretary may identify, including household income, 
                labor force participation, and educational attainment; 
                and
                    (C) other criteria as determined by the Secretary.
            (2) Minimal standards.--The Secretary may set minimal 
        standards for the levels of unemployment and poverty that must 
        be satisfied for designation as a Tribal Promise Zone.
    (g) Competitive Enhancement in Federal Awards to Tribal Promise 
Zones.--Notwithstanding any other provision of law, each Federal grant 
program, technical assistance, and capacity-building competitive 
funding application opportunity, made available under any 
appropriations law in effect for a year in which the designation of a 
Tribal Promise Zones is in effect, shall provide preference points or 
priority special consideration to each application which advances the 
specific objectives of a Tribal Promise Zones competitiveness plan 
described in subsection (e) if the project or activity to be funded 
includes specific and definable services or benefits that will be 
delivered to residents of a Tribal Economic Opportunity Area.

SEC. 12516. PRECISION AGRICULTURE CONNECTIVITY.

    (a) Findings.--Congress finds the following:
            (1) Precision agriculture technologies and practices allow 
        farmers to significantly increase crop yields, eliminate 
        overlap in operations, and reduce inputs such as seed, 
        fertilizer, pesticides, water, and fuel.
            (2) These technologies allow farmers to collect data in 
        real time about their fields, automate field management, and 
        maximize resources.
            (3) Studies estimate that precision agriculture 
        technologies can reduce agricultural operation costs by up to 
        25 dollars per acre and increase farm yields by up to 70 
        percent by 2050.
            (4) The critical cost savings and productivity benefits of 
        precision agriculture cannot be realized without the 
        availability of reliable broadband Internet access service 
        delivered to the agricultural land of the United States.
            (5) The deployment of broadband Internet access service to 
        unserved agricultural land is critical to the United States 
        economy and to the continued leadership of the United States in 
        global food production.
            (6) Despite the growing demand for broadband Internet 
        access service on agricultural land, broadband Internet access 
        service is not consistently available where needed for 
        agricultural operations.
            (7) The Federal Communications Commission has an important 
        role to play in the deployment of broadband Internet access 
        service on unserved agricultural land to promote precision 
        agriculture.
    (b) Task Force.--
            (1) Definitions.--In this subsection--
                    (A) the term ``broadband Internet access service'' 
                has the meaning given the term in section 8.2 of title 
                47, Code of Federal Regulations, or any successor 
                regulation;
                    (B) the term ``Commission'' means the Federal 
                Communications Commission;
                    (C) the term ``Department'' means the Department of 
                Agriculture; and
                    (D) the term ``Task Force'' means the Task Force 
                for Reviewing the Connectivity and Technology Needs of 
                Precision Agriculture in the United States established 
                under paragraph (2).
            (2) Establishment.--Not later than 1 year after the date of 
        enactment of this Act, the Commission shall establish the Task 
        Force for Reviewing the Connectivity and Technology Needs of 
        Precision Agriculture in the United States.
            (3) Duties.--
                    (A) In general.--The Task Force shall consult with 
                the Secretary, or a designee of the Secretary, and 
                collaborate with public and private stakeholders in the 
                agriculture and technology fields to--
                            (i) identify and measure current gaps in 
                        the availability of broadband Internet access 
                        service on agricultural land;
                            (ii) develop policy recommendations to 
                        promote the rapid, expanded deployment of 
                        broadband Internet access service on unserved 
                        agricultural land, with a goal of achieving 
                        reliable capabilities on 95 percent of 
                        agricultural land in the United States by 2025;
                            (iii) promote effective policy and 
                        regulatory solutions that encourage the 
                        adoption of broadband Internet access service 
                        on farms and ranches and promote precision 
                        agriculture;
                            (iv) recommend specific new rules or 
                        amendments to existing rules of the Commission 
                        that the Commission should issue to achieve the 
                        goals and purposes of the policy 
                        recommendations described in clause (ii);
                            (v) recommend specific steps that the 
                        Commission should take to obtain reliable and 
                        standardized data measurements of the 
                        availability of broadband Internet access 
                        service as may be necessary to target funding 
                        support, from future programs of the Commission 
                        dedicated to the deployment of broadband 
                        Internet access service, to unserved 
                        agricultural land in need of broadband Internet 
                        access service; and
                            (vi) recommend specific steps that the 
                        Commission should consider to ensure that the 
                        expertise of the Secretary and available farm 
                        data are reflected in future programs of the 
                        Commission dedicated to the infrastructure 
                        deployment of broadband Internet access service 
                        and to direct available funding to unserved 
                        agricultural land where needed.
                    (B) No duplicate data reporting.--In performing the 
                duties of the Commission under subparagraph (A), the 
                Commission shall ensure that no provider of broadband 
                Internet access service is required to report data to 
                the Commission that is, on the day before the date of 
                enactment of this Act, required to be reported by the 
                provider of broadband Internet access service.
                    (C) Hold harmless.--The Task Force and the 
                Commission shall not interpret the phrase ``future 
                programs of the Commission'', as used in clauses (v) 
                and (vi) of subparagraph (A), to include the universal 
                service programs of the Commission established under 
                section 254 of the Communications Act of 1934 (47 
                U.S.C. 254).
                    (D) Consultation.--The Secretary, or a designee of 
                the Secretary, shall explain and make available to the 
                Task Force the expertise, data mapping information, and 
                resources of the Department that the Department uses to 
                identify cropland, ranchland, and other areas with 
                agricultural operations that may be helpful in 
                developing the recommendations required under 
                subparagraph (A).
                    (E) List of available federal programs and 
                resources.--Not later than 180 days after the date of 
                enactment of this Act, the Secretary and the Commission 
                shall jointly submit to the Task Force a list of all 
                Federal programs or resources available for the 
                expansion of broadband Internet access service on 
                unserved agricultural land to assist the Task Force in 
                carrying out the duties of the Task Force.
            (4) Membership.--
                    (A) In general.--The Task Force shall be--
                            (i) composed of not more than 15 voting 
                        members who shall--
                                    (I) be selected by the Chairman of 
                                the Commission; and
                                    (II) include--
                                            (aa) agricultural producers 
                                        representing diverse geographic 
                                        regions and farm sizes, 
                                        including owners and operators 
                                        of farms of less than 100 
                                        acres;
                                            (bb) an agricultural 
                                        producer representing tribal 
                                        agriculture;
                                            (cc) Internet service 
                                        providers, including regional 
                                        or rural fixed and mobile 
                                        broadband Internet access 
                                        service providers and 
                                        telecommunications 
                                        infrastructure providers;
                                            (dd) representatives from 
                                        the electric cooperative 
                                        industry;
                                            (ee) representatives from 
                                        the satellite industry;
                                            (ff) representatives from 
                                        precision agriculture equipment 
                                        manufacturers, including drone 
                                        manufacturers, manufacturers of 
                                        autonomous agricultural 
                                        machinery, and manufacturers of 
                                        farming robotics technologies; 
                                        and
                                            (gg) representatives from 
                                        State and local governments; 
                                        and
                            (ii) fairly balanced in terms of 
                        technologies, points of view, and fields 
                        represented on the Task Force.
                    (B) Period of appointment; vacancies.--
                            (i) In general.--A member of the Committee 
                        appointed under subparagraph (A)(i) shall serve 
                        for a single term of 2 years.
                            (ii) Vacancies.--Any vacancy in the Task 
                        Force--
                                    (I) shall not affect the powers of 
                                the Task Force; and
                                    (II) shall be filled in the same 
                                manner as the original appointment.
                    (C) Ex-officio member.--The Secretary, or a 
                designee of the Secretary, shall serve as an ex-
                officio, nonvoting member of the Task Force.
            (5) Reports.--Not later than 1 year after the date on which 
        the Commission establishes the Task Force, and annually 
        thereafter, the Task Force shall submit to the Chairman of the 
        Commission a report, which shall be made public not later than 
        30 days after the date on which the Chairman receives the 
        report, that details--
                    (A) the status of fixed and mobile broadband 
                Internet access service coverage of agricultural land;
                    (B) the projected future connectivity needs of 
                agricultural operations, farmers, and ranchers; and
                    (C) the steps being taken to accurately measure the 
                availability of broadband Internet access service on 
                agricultural land and the limitations of current, as of 
                the date of the report, measurement processes.
            (6) Termination.--The Commission shall renew the Task Force 
        every 2 years until the Task Force terminates on January 1, 
        2025.

SEC. 12517. IMPROVED SOIL MOISTURE AND PRECIPITATION MONITORING.

    (a) Improved Soil Moisture Monitoring.--
            (1) In general.--Not later than 1 year after the date of 
        enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall develop and 
        implement a strategy to improve the accuracy of the United 
        States Drought Monitor through increased geographic resolution 
        of rural in-situ soil moisture profile observation or other 
        soil moisture profile measuring devices, as the Secretary 
        considers appropriate.
            (2) Implementation.--
                    (A) In general.--In implementing the strategy 
                required by paragraph (1), the Secretary shall 
                prioritize adding soil moisture profile stations in 
                States described in subparagraph (B) so that the number 
                of drought monitoring stations is increased to an 
                average of 1 soil moisture profile station per 1,250 
                square miles in each State described in subparagraph 
                (B) or by 50 stations in each State described in 
                subparagraph (B), whichever is less.
                    (B) States described.--A State described in this 
                paragraph is a State that has experienced D3 (extreme 
                drought) or D4 (exceptional drought) (as defined by the 
                United States Drought Monitor) within any 6 months 
                during the period beginning on January 1, 2016, and 
                ending on the date of the enactment of this Act.
            (3) Coordination.--In carrying out this subsection, the 
        Secretary may coordinate with other Federal agencies, State and 
        local governments, and non-Federal entities that collaborate 
        with the United States Drought Monitor.
            (4) Cost-effectiveness.--In carrying out this subsection, 
        the Secretary shall consider cost-effective solutions to 
        maximize the efficiency and accuracy of the United States 
        Drought Monitor.
            (5) Authorization of appropriations.--There is authorized 
        to be appropriated to the Secretary $5,000,000 for each of 
        fiscal years 2019 through 2023 to carry out this subsection.
    (b) Standards for Integrating Citizen Science Into Drought 
Models.--
            (1) In general.--Not later than 1 year after the date of 
        enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall--
                    (A) develop a set of standards for integration of 
                data derived from citizen science (as defined in the 
                Crowdsourcing and Citizen Science Act (15 U.S.C. 3724)) 
                into the United States Drought Monitor models, 
                including data relating to--
                            (i) location and spacing of monitoring 
                        stations;
                            (ii) data quality standards;
                            (iii) incorporation of data from 
                        commercially available weather stations;
                            (iv) standardized procedures for autonomous 
                        integration of data;
                            (v) streamlining of data entry methods; and
                            (vi) reasonable metadata fields; and
                    (B) develop a set of consistent standards for soil 
                moisture data collection based on equipment that is 
                readily available, including standards relating to--
                            (i) acceptable error ranges;
                            (ii) sensor installation procedures;
                            (iii) manufacturers of soil moisture 
                        probes;
                            (iv) calibration methodology;
                            (v) metadata fields; and
                            (vi) soil descriptions.
            (2) Inclusion of data from cooperative observer program.--
        For purposes of paragraph (1)(A), data derived from citizen 
        science includes data from the Cooperative Observer Program of 
        the National Weather Service.
    (c) Requirement for Elements of Department of Agriculture to Use 
the Same Monitoring Data.--
            (1) In general.--To be consistent with assistance provided 
        under the livestock forage disaster program established under 
        section 1501(c) of the Agricultural Act of 2014 (7 U.S.C. 
        9081(c)) and a policy or plan of insurance established under 
        the Federal Crop Insurance Act (7 U.S.C. 1501 et seq.) for 
        producers of livestock commodities the source of feedstock of 
        which is pasture, rangeland, and forage, and the annual 
        establishment of grazing rates, as applicable, on Forest 
        Service grasslands and other applicable land, the Secretary 
        shall use the United States Drought Monitor, in-situ soil 
        moisture profile monitoring stations described in subsection 
        (a), data from the Cooperative Observer Program described in 
        subsection (b)(2), and any other applicable data to determine 
        and establish grazing loss assistance and grazing rates, as 
        applicable.
            (2) Coordination.--In carrying out this subsection, the 
        Secretary may coordinate with--
                    (A) other Federal agencies, State and local 
                governments, and non-Federal entities that collaborate 
                with the United States Drought Monitor; and
                    (B) other Federal and non-Federal entities involved 
                in collecting data on precipitation and soil 
                monitoring.
            (3) Cost-effectiveness.--In carrying out this subsection, 
        the Secretary shall consider cost-effective solutions to 
        maximize the efficiency and accuracy of the data utilized to 
        determine eligibility for assistance under the programs 
        specified in paragraph (1).

SEC. 12518. STUDY OF MARKETPLACE FRAUD OF TRADITIONAL FOODS AND TRIBAL 
              SEEDS.

    (a) In General.--Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment 
of this Act, the Comptroller General of the United States shall conduct 
a study on--
            (1) the market impact of traditional foods, Tribally 
        produced products, and products that use traditional foods;
            (2) fraudulent foods that mimic traditional foods or Tribal 
        seeds that are available in the commercial marketplace as of 
        the date of enactment of this Act;
            (3) the means by which authentic traditional foods and 
        Tribally produced foods might be protected against the impact 
        of fraudulent foods in the marketplace; and
            (4) the availability and long-term viability of Tribal 
        seeds, including an analysis of the storage, cultivation, 
        harvesting, and commercialization of Tribal seeds.
    (b) Inclusions.--The study conducted under subsection (a) shall 
include--
            (1) a consideration of the circumstances under which 
        fraudulent foods in the marketplace occur; and
            (2) an analysis of Federal laws, including intellectual 
        property laws and trademark laws, that might offer protections 
        for Tribal seeds and traditional foods and against fraudulent 
        foods.
    (c) Report.--Not later than 60 days after the date of completion of 
the study, the Comptroller General of the United States shall submit a 
report describing the results of the study under this section to--
            (1) the Committee on Agriculture of the House of 
        Representatives;
            (2) the Committee on the Judiciary of the House of 
        Representatives;
            (3) the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry 
        of the Senate;
            (4) the Committee on the Judiciary of the Senate; and
            (5) the Committee on Indian Affairs of the Senate.
    (d) Privacy of Information.--Notwithstanding any other provision of 
law, the Comptroller General of the United States shall protect 
sensitive Tribal information gained through the study conducted under 
subsection (a), including information about Indian sacred places.

SEC. 12519. DAIRY BUSINESS INNOVATION INITIATIVES.

    (a) Definitions.--In this section:
            (1) Dairy business.--The term ``dairy business'' means a 
        business that develops, produces, markets, or distributes dairy 
        products.
            (2) Initiative.--The term ``initiative'' means a dairy 
        product and business innovation initiative established under 
        subsection (b).
    (b) Establishment.--The Secretary, acting through the Administrator 
of the Agricultural Marketing Service, shall establish not less than 3 
regionally located dairy product and business innovation initiatives 
for the purposes of--
            (1) encouraging the use of regional milk production;
            (2) creating higher-value uses for dairy products;
            (3) promoting business development that diversifies farmer 
        income through processing and marketing innovation;
            (4) diversifying dairy product markets to reduce risk; and
            (5) leveraging Federal resources by encouraging entities 
        that host initiatives and partners of those entities to provide 
        matching funds.
    (c) Selection of Initiatives.--An initiative--
            (1) shall be located in a region with a history of dairy 
        farming;
            (2) shall be positioned to draw on existing dairy industry 
        resources, including research capacity, academic and industry 
        expertise, a density of dairy farms or farmland suitable for 
        dairying, and dairy businesses;
            (3) may serve a certain product niche, such as artisanal 
        cheese, or serve dairy businesses with dairy products derived 
        from a specific type of dairy animal, including dairy products 
        made from cow milk, sheep milk, and goat milk; and
            (4) shall serve dairy businesses in other regions.
    (d) Entities Eligible to Host Initiative.--
            (1) In general.--Any of the following entities may submit 
        to the Secretary an application to host an initiative:
                    (A) A State department of agriculture or other 
                State entity.
                    (B) A nonprofit entity with capacity to provide 
                consultation, expertise, and grant distribution and 
                tracking.
                    (C) An institution of higher education.
                    (D) A cooperative extension service.
            (2) Partners.--An entity described in paragraph (1) may 
        establish partners prior to the submission of the application 
        under that paragraph, or add partners in consultation with the 
        Secretary, which may include organizations or entities with 
        expertise or experience in dairy, including the marketing, 
        research, education, or promotion of dairy.
    (e) Activities of Initiatives.--
            (1) Direct assistance to dairy businesses.--An initiative 
        shall provide nonmonetary assistance to dairy businesses in 
        accordance with the following:
                    (A) Provision of direct assistance.--Assistance may 
                be provided directly to dairy businesses in a private 
                consultation or through widely available distribution, 
                and may be provided--
                            (i) directly by the entity that hosts the 
                        initiative under subsection (d)(1);
                            (ii) through contracting with industry 
                        experts;
                            (iii) through the provision of technical 
                        assistance, such as informational websites, 
                        webinars, conferences, trainings, plant tours, 
                        and field days; and
                            (iv) through research institutions, 
                        including cooperative extension services.
                    (B) Types of assistance.--Eligible forms of 
                assistance include--
                            (i) business consulting, including business 
                        plan development for processed dairy products;
                            (ii) accounting and financial literacy 
                        training;
                            (iii) market evaluation;
                            (iv) strategic planning assistance;
                            (v) product innovation, including relating 
                        to value-added products;
                            (vi) marketing and branding assistance, 
                        including market messaging, consumer 
                        assessments, and evaluation of regional, 
                        national, and international markets;
                            (vii) innovation in emerging market 
                        opportunities, including agritourism, and 
                        marketing communication methods;
                            (viii) packaging, distribution, and supply 
                        chain innovation;
                            (ix) dairy product production training, 
                        including in new, rare, or innovative 
                        techniques;
                            (x) innovation in byproduct reprocessing 
                        and use maximization; and
                            (xi) other non-monetary assistance, as 
                        determined by the Secretary.
            (2) Grants to dairy businesses.--
                    (A) In general.--An initiative shall provide grants 
                for new and existing dairy businesses for the purposes 
                of--
                            (i) modernization, specialization, and 
                        grazing transition on dairy farms;
                            (ii) value chain and commodity innovation 
                        and facility and process updates for dairy 
                        processors; and
                            (iii) product development, packaging, and 
                        marketing of dairy products.
                    (B) Grants.--An initiative shall provide grants 
                under subparagraph (A)--
                            (i) on a competitive basis, with 
                        opportunities to apply for funding available on 
                        a rolling basis; and
                            (ii) to an entity that receives assistance 
                        under paragraph (1) to advance the business 
                        activities recommended as a result of that 
                        assistance.
                    (C) Consultation.--An entity that hosts an 
                initiative shall consult with the Secretary and the 
                Administrator of the Agricultural Marketing Service in 
                carrying out the initiative.
                    (D) Conflict of interest.--
                            (i) In general.--The Secretary shall 
                        establish guidelines and procedures to prevent 
                        any conflict of interest or the appearance of a 
                        conflict of interest by an initiative 
                        (including a partner of the initiative) during 
                        the grant selection process under subparagraph 
                        (B)(i).
                            (ii) Penalty.--The Secretary may suspend or 
                        terminate an initiative if the initiative or a 
                        partner of the initiative is found to be in 
                        violation of the guidelines and procedures 
                        established under clause (i).
    (f) Distribution of Funds.--
            (1) In general.--Of the funds made available to carry out 
        this section, the Secretary shall provide not less than 3 
        awards to eligible entities described in subsection (d)(1) for 
        the purposes of carrying out the activities under subsection 
        (e).
            (2) Multiyear funding.--The Secretary is encouraged--
                    (A) to award funds under paragraph (1) in multiyear 
                funding allocations; and
                    (B) to require frequent reporting, as appropriate.
            (3) Use of funds.--
                    (A) In general.--The funds awarded to an eligible 
                entity under paragraph (1) may be used--
                            (i) for program administration of an 
                        initiative, including staff costs; and
                            (ii) for workshops or other informational 
                        sessions that--
                                    (I) directly benefit dairy 
                                businesses and entrepreneurs; or
                                    (II) enhance the capacity of 
                                providers of technical assistance to 
                                dairy businesses.
                    (B) Allocation.--Not less than 50 percent of the 
                funds made available under subsection (h) shall be 
                allocated to grants under subsection (e)(2).
            (4) Priority.--An entity hosting an initiative shall give 
        priority to the provision of direct assistance under subsection 
        (e)(1) and grants under subsection (e)(2) to--
                    (A) dairy farms and dairy businesses with limited 
                access to other forms of assistance;
                    (B) employee-owned dairy businesses;
                    (C) cooperatives;
                    (D) dairy businesses that establish contracting 
                mechanisms that return profits to farmers who supply 
                their milk;
                    (E) dairy businesses that, in addition to salary 
                and wage compensation, return profits to employees; and
                    (F) dairy businesses that seek to create dairy 
                products that add substantial value in processing or 
                marketing, such as specialty cheeses.
            (5) Requirement.--In the case of direct assistance under 
        subsection (e)(1) or a grant under subsection (e)(2) that is 
        provided to a specific dairy business and does not benefit the 
        general public, as determined by the Secretary, the assistance 
        or grant shall exclusively be available to dairy businesses 
        owned in the United States.
            (6) Supplementation.--To the extent practicable, the 
        Secretary shall ensure that funds provided to an initiative 
        supplement, and do not duplicate or replace, existing dairy 
        product research, development, and promotion activities.
    (g) Reporting.--
            (1) In general.--Not later than 1 year after the date of 
        enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall submit to Congress a 
        report describing the implementation of this section.
            (2) Innovation reports.--The Secretary, in coordination 
        with the Chief Economist, shall publish an annual report on the 
        impact of initiatives carried out under this section on--
                    (A) innovation in dairy products;
                    (B) product development under the program under 
                this section;
                    (C) growth areas for dairy product development; and
                    (D) barriers inhibiting majority member-owned 
                domestic dairy firms from--
                            (i) updating capacity;
                            (ii) performing competitively in the 
                        marketplace; and
                            (iii) returning gains to members or 
                        reinvesting the gains in ways that benefit the 
                        long-term financial stability of the majority 
                        member-owned domestic dairy firm and the 
                        members of that firm.
    (h) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be 
appropriated to carry out this section $20,000,000 for each fiscal 
year.

SEC. 12520. REPORT ON FUNDING FOR THE NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF FOOD AND 
              AGRICULTURE AND OTHER EXTENSION PROGRAMS.

    (a) In General.--Not later than 2 years after the date on which the 
census of agriculture required to be conducted in calendar year 2017 
under section 2 of the Census of Agriculture Act of 1997 (7 U.S.C. 
2204g) is released, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on 
Agriculture of the House of Representatives and the Committee on 
Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate a report that 
describes the funding necessary to adequately address the needs of the 
National Institute of Food and Agriculture, activities carried out 
under the Smith-Lever Act (7 U.S.C. 341 et seq.), and research and 
extension programs carried out at an 1890 Institution (as defined in 
section 2 of the Agricultural Research, Extension, and Education Reform 
Act of 1998 (7 U.S.C. 7601)) or an institution designated under the Act 
of July 2, 1862 (commonly known as the ``First Morrill Act'') (12 Stat. 
503, chapter 130; 7 U.S.C. 301 et seq.), to provide adequate services 
for the growth and development of the economies of rural communities 
based on the changing demographic in the rural and farming communities 
in the various States.
    (b) Requirements.--In preparing the report under subsection (a), 
the Secretary shall focus on the funding needs of the programs 
described in subsection (a) with respect to carrying out activities 
relating to small and diverse farms and ranches, veteran farmers and 
ranchers, value-added agriculture, direct-to-consumer sales, and 
specialty crops.

SEC. 12521. PROHIBITION ON SLAUGHTER OF DOGS AND CATS FOR HUMAN 
              CONSUMPTION.

    (a) In General.--Except as provided in subsection (c), no person 
may--
            (1) knowingly slaughter a dog or cat for human consumption; 
        or
            (2) knowingly ship, transport, move, deliver, receive, 
        possess, purchase, sell, or donate--
                    (A) a dog or cat to be slaughtered for human 
                consumption; or
                    (B) a dog or cat part for human consumption.
    (b) Scope.--Subsection (a) shall apply only with respect to 
conduct--
            (1) in interstate commerce or foreign commerce; or
            (2) within the special maritime and territorial 
        jurisdiction of the United States.
    (c) Exception for Indian Tribes.--The prohibition in subsection (a) 
shall not apply to an Indian (as defined in section 4 of the Indian 
Self-Determination and Education Assistance Act (25 U.S.C. 5304)) 
carrying out any activity described in subsection (a) for the purpose 
of a religious ceremony.
    (d) Penalty.--Any person who violates subsection (a) shall be 
subject to a fine in an amount not greater than $5,000 for each 
violation.
    (e) Effect on State Law.--Nothing in this section--
            (1) limits any State or local law or regulation protecting 
        the welfare of animals; or
            (2) prevents a State or unit of local government from 
        adopting and enforcing an animal welfare law or regulation that 
        is more stringent than this section.

                     Subtitle F--General Provisions

SEC. 12601. EXPEDITED EXPORTATION OF CERTAIN SPECIES.

    (a) In General.--Not later than 180 days after the date of 
enactment of this Act, the Director of the United States Fish and 
Wildlife Service (referred to in this section as the ``Director'') 
shall issue a proposed rule to amend section 14.92 of title 50, Code of 
Federal Regulations, to establish expedited procedures relating to the 
export permission requirements of section 9(d)(1) of the Endangered 
Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 1538(d)(1)) for fish or wildlife 
described in subsection (c).
    (b) Exemptions.--
            (1) In general.--As part of the rulemaking under subsection 
        (a), subject to paragraph (2), the Director may provide an 
        exemption from the requirement to procure--
                    (A) permission under section 9(d)(1) of the 
                Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 1538(d)(1)); 
                or
                    (B) an export license under subpart I of part 14 of 
                title 50, Code of Federal Regulations.
            (2) Limitations.--The Director shall not provide an 
        exemption under paragraph (1)--
                    (A) unless the Director determines that the 
                exemption will not have a negative impact on the 
                conservation of the species that is the subject of the 
                exemption; or
                    (B) to an entity that has been convicted of a 
                violation of a Federal law relating to the importation, 
                transportation, or exportation of wildlife during a 
                period of not less than 5 years ending on the date on 
                which the entity applies for exemption under paragraph 
                (1).
    (c) Covered Fish or Wildlife.--The fish or wildlife referred to in 
subsection (a) are the species commonly known as sea urchins and sea 
cucumbers (including any product of a sea urchin or sea cucumber) 
that--
            (1) do not require a permit under part 16, 17, or 23 of 
        title 50, Code of Federal Regulations;
            (2) are harvested in waters under the jurisdiction of the 
        United States; and
            (3) are exported for purposes of human or animal 
        consumption.

SEC. 12602. BAITING OF MIGRATORY GAME BIRDS.

    (a) Definitions.--In this section:
            (1) Normal agricultural operation.--The term ``normal 
        agricultural operation'' has the meaning given the term in 
        section 20.11 of title 50, Code of Federal Regulations (as in 
        effect on the date of enactment of this Act).
            (2) Post-disaster flooding.--The term ``post-disaster 
        flooding'' means the destruction of a crop through flooding in 
        accordance with practices required by the Federal Crop 
        Insurance Corporation for agricultural producers to obtain crop 
        insurance under the Federal Crop Insurance Act (7 U.S.C. 1501 
        et seq.) on land on which a crop was not harvestable due to a 
        natural disaster (including any hurricane, storm, tornado, 
        flood, high water, wind-driven water, tidal wave, tsunami, 
        earthquake, volcanic eruption, landslide, mudslide, drought, 
        fire, snowstorm, or other catastrophe that is declared a major 
        disaster by the President in accordance with section 401 of the 
        Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act 
        (42 U.S.C. 5170)) in the crop year--
                    (A) in which the natural disaster occurred; or
                    (B) immediately preceding the crop year in which 
                the natural disaster occurred.
            (3) Rice ratooning.--The term ``rice ratooning'' means the 
        agricultural practice of harvesting rice by cutting the 
        majority of the aboveground portion of the rice plant but 
        leaving the roots and growing shoot apices intact to allow the 
        plant to recover and produce a second crop yield.
    (b) Regulations to Exclude Rice Ratooning and Post-disaster 
Flooding.--Not later than 30 days after the date of enactment of this 
Act, the Secretary of the Interior, in consultation with the Secretary 
of Agriculture, shall revise part 20 of title 50, Code of Federal 
Regulations, to clarify that rice ratooning and post-disaster flooding, 
when carried out as part of a normal agricultural operation, do not 
constitute baiting.
    (c) Reports.--Not less frequently than once each year, the 
Secretary of Agriculture shall--
            (1) submit to the Secretary of the Interior a report that 
        describes any changes to normal agricultural operations across 
        the range of crops grown by agricultural producers in each 
        region of the United States in which the official 
        recommendations described in section 20.11(h) of title 50, Code 
        of Federal Regulations (as in effect on the date of enactment 
        of this Act), are provided to agricultural producers; and
            (2) in consultation with the Secretary of the Interior and 
        after seeking input from the heads of State departments of fish 
        and wildlife or the Regional Migratory Bird Flyway Councils of 
        the United States Fish and Wildlife Service, publicly post a 
        report on the impact that rice ratooning and post-disaster 
        flooding have on the behavior of migratory game birds that are 
        hunted in the area in which rice ratooning and post-disaster 
        flooding, respectively, have occurred.

SEC. 12603. PIMA AGRICULTURE COTTON TRUST FUND.

    Section 12314 of the Agricultural Act of 2014 (7 U.S.C. 2101 note; 
Public Law 113-79) is amended--
            (1) by striking ``2018'' each place it appears and 
        inserting ``2023'';
            (2) by striking ``calendar year 2013'' each place it 
        appears and inserting ``the prior calendar year'';
            (3) in subsection (b)(2)--
                    (A) by redesignating subparagraphs (A) and (B) as 
                clauses (i) and (ii), respectively;
                    (B) in the matter preceding clause (i) (as so 
                redesignated), by striking ``(2) Twenty-five'' and 
                inserting the following:
            ``(2)(A) Except as provided in subparagraph (B), twenty-
        five'';
                    (C) in subparagraph (A)(ii) (as so designated), by 
                striking ``subparagraph (A)'' and inserting ``clause 
                (i)''; and
                    (D) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(B)(i) A yarn spinner shall not receive an amount under 
        subparagraph (A) that exceeds the cost of pima cotton that--
                    ``(I) was purchased during the prior calendar year; 
                and
                    ``(II) was used in spinning any cotton yarns.
            ``(ii) The Secretary shall reallocate any amounts reduced 
        by reason of the limitation under clause (i) to spinners using 
        the ratio described in subparagraph (A), disregarding 
        production of any spinner subject to that limitation.'';
            (4) in subsection (c)--
                    (A) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), by 
                striking ``(b)(2)(A)'' and inserting ``(b)(2)(A)(i)'';
                    (B) in paragraph (2), by striking ``and'' at the 
                end;
                    (C) in paragraph (3), by striking the period at the 
                end and inserting ``; and''; and
                    (D) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(4) the dollar amount of pima cotton purchased during the 
        prior calendar year--
                    ``(A) that was used in spinning any cotton yarns; 
                and
                    ``(B) for which the producer maintains supporting 
                documentation.'';
            (5) in subsection (e)--
                    (A) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), by 
                striking ``by the Secretary--'' and inserting ``by the 
                Secretary not later than March 15 of the applicable 
                calendar year.''; and
                    (B) by striking paragraphs (1) and (2); and
            (6) in subsection (f), by striking ``subsection (b)--'' in 
        the matter preceding paragraph (1) and all that follows through 
        ``not later than'' in paragraph (2) and inserting ``subsection 
        (b) not later than''.

SEC. 12604. AGRICULTURE WOOL APPAREL MANUFACTURERS TRUST FUND.

    Section 12315 of the Agricultural Act of 2014 (7 U.S.C. 7101 note; 
Public Law 113-79) is amended--
            (1) by striking ``2019'' each place it appears and 
        inserting ``2023'';
            (2) in subsection (b)--
                    (A) in paragraph (1)--
                            (i) in subparagraph (A)--
                                    (I) in the matter preceding clause 
                                (i), by striking ``the payment--'' and 
                                inserting ``the payment, payments in 
                                amounts authorized under that 
                                paragraph.''; and
                                    (II) by striking clauses (i) and 
                                (ii); and
                            (ii) in subparagraph (B)--
                                    (I) in the matter preceding clause 
                                (i), by striking ``4002(c)--'' and 
                                inserting ``4002(c), payments in 
                                amounts authorized under that 
                                paragraph.''; and
                                    (II) by striking clauses (i) and 
                                (ii); and
                    (B) in paragraph (2), by striking ``submitted--'' 
                in the matter preceding subparagraph (A) and all that 
                follows through ``to the Secretary'' in subparagraph 
                (B) and inserting ``submitted to the Secretary''; and
            (3) in subsection (c)--
                    (A) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), by 
                striking ``subsection (b)--'' and inserting 
                ``subsection (b) not later than April 15 of the year of 
                the payment.''; and
                    (B) by striking paragraphs (1) and (2).

SEC. 12605. WOOL RESEARCH AND PROMOTION.

    Section 12316(a) of the Agricultural Act of 2014 (7 U.S.C. 7101 
note; Public Law 113-79) is amended by striking ``2015 through 2019'' 
and inserting ``2019 through 2023''.

SEC. 12606. EMERGENCY CITRUS DISEASE RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT TRUST 
              FUND.

    (a) Definition of Citrus.--In this section, the term ``citrus'' 
means edible fruit of the family Rutaceae, including any hybrid of that 
fruit and any product of that hybrid that is produced for commercial 
purposes in the United States.
    (b) Establishment of Trust Fund.--There is established in the 
Treasury of the United States a trust fund, to be known as the 
``Emergency Citrus Disease Research and Development Trust Fund'' 
(referred to in this section as the ``Citrus Trust Fund''), consisting 
of such amounts as shall be transferred to the Citrus Trust Fund 
pursuant to subsection (d).
    (c) Distribution of Funds.--
            (1) In general.--From amounts in the Citrus Trust Fund, the 
        Secretary shall make payments annually beginning in fiscal year 
        2019 to--
                    (A) entities engaged in scientific research and 
                extension activities, technical assistance, or 
                development activities to combat domestic or invasive 
                citrus diseases and pests that pose imminent harm to 
                the United States citrus production and threaten the 
                future viability of the citrus industry, including 
                huanglongbing and the Asian Citrus Psyllid; and
                    (B) entities engaged in supporting the 
                dissemination and commercialization of relevant 
                information, techniques, or technologies discovered 
                under research and extension activities funded 
                through--
                            (i) the Citrus Trust Fund; or
                            (ii) other research and extension projects 
                        intended to solve problems caused by citrus 
                        production diseases and invasive pests.
            (2) Priority.--In making payments under paragraph (1), the 
        Secretary shall give priority to entities that use the payments 
        to address the research and extension priorities established 
        pursuant to section 1408A(g)(4) of the National Agricultural 
        Research, Extension, and Teaching Policy Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 
        3123a(g)(4)).
            (3) Coordination.--In determining how to distribute funds 
        under paragraph (1), the Secretary shall--
                    (A) seek input from Federal and State agencies and 
                other entities involved in citrus disease response; and
                    (B) take into account other public and private 
                citrus-related research and extension projects and the 
                funding for those projects.
            (4) Nonduplication.--The Secretary shall ensure that funds 
        provided under paragraph (1) shall be in addition to and not 
        supplant funds made available to carry out other citrus disease 
        activities carried out by the Department of Agriculture in 
        consultation with State agencies.
    (d) Funding.--Of the funds of the Commodity Credit Corporation, the 
Secretary shall transfer to the Citrus Trust Fund $25,000,000 for each 
of fiscal years 2019 through 2023, to remain available until expended.

SEC. 12607. EXTENSION OF MERCHANDISE PROCESSING FEES.

    Section 503 of the United States-Korea Free Trade Agreement 
Implementation Act (Public Law 112-41; 19 U.S.C. 3805 note) is amended 
by striking ``February 24, 2027'' and inserting ``May 26, 2027''.

SEC. 12608. CONFORMING CHANGES TO CONTROLLED SUBSTANCES ACT.

    (a) In General.--Section 102(16) of the Controlled Substances Act 
(21 U.S.C. 802(16)) is amended--
            (1) by striking ``(16) The'' and inserting ``(16)(A) 
        Subject to subparagraph (B), the''; and
            (2) by striking ``Such term does not include the'' and 
        inserting the following:
    ``(B) The term `marihuana' does not include--
            ``(i) hemp, as defined in section 297A of the Agricultural 
        Marketing Act of 1946; or
            ``(ii) the''.
    (b) Tetrahydrocannabinol.--Schedule I, as set forth in section 
202(c) of the Controlled Substances Act (21 U.S.C. 812(c)), is amended 
in subsection (c)(17) by inserting after ``Tetrahydrocannabinols'' the 
following: ``, except for tetrahydrocannabinols in hemp (as defined 
under section 297A of the Agricultural Marketing Act of 1946)''.

SEC. 12609. NATIONAL FLOOD INSURANCE PROGRAM REAUTHORIZATION.

    (a) Financing.--Section 1309(a) of the National Flood Insurance Act 
of 1968 (42 U.S.C. 4016(a)) is amended by striking ``September 30, 
2017'' and inserting ``January 31, 2019''.
    (b) Program Expiration.--Section 1319 of the National Flood 
Insurance Act of 1968 (42 U.S.C. 4026) is amended by striking 
``September 30, 2017'' and inserting ``January 31, 2019''.

SEC. 12610. EMERGENCY ASSISTANCE FOR LIVESTOCK, HONEY BEES, AND FARM-
              RAISED FISH.

    Section 1501(d)(2) of the Agricultural Act of 2014 (7 U.S.C. 
9081(d)(2)) is amended by inserting ``, including inspections of cattle 
tick fever'' before the period at the end.

SEC. 12611. ADMINISTRATIVE UNITS.

    Section 1117 of the Agricultural Act of 2014 (7 U.S.C. 9017) (as 
amended by section 1104(6)) is amended by adding at the end the 
following:
    ``(i) Administrative Units.--
            ``(1) In general.--For purposes of agriculture risk 
        coverage payments in the case of county coverage, a county may 
        be divided into not greater than 2 administrative units in 
        accordance with this subsection.
            ``(2) Eligible counties.--A county that may be divided into 
        administrative units under this subsection is a county that--
                    ``(A) is larger than 1,400 square miles;
                    ``(B) in contained within a State that is larger 
                than 140,000 square miles; and
                    ``(C) contains more than 190,000 base acres.
            ``(3) Elections.--Before making any agriculture risk 
        coverage payments for the 2019 crop year, the Farm Service 
        Agency State committee, in consultation with the Farm Service 
        Agency county or area committee of a county described in 
        paragraph (2), may make a 1-time election to divide the county 
        into administrative units under this subsection along a 
        boundary that better reflects differences in weather patterns, 
        soil types, or other factors.
            ``(4) Administration.--For purposes of providing 
        agriculture risk coverage payments in the case of county 
        coverage, the Secretary shall consider an administrative unit 
        elected under paragraph (3) to be a county for the 2019 through 
        2023 crop years.''.

SEC. 12612. DROUGHT AND WATER CONSERVATION AGREEMENTS.

    Section 1231A of the Food Security Act of 1985 (as added by section 
2105(a)) is amended by adding at the end the following:
    ``(g) Drought and Water Conservation Agreements.--In the case of an 
agreement under subsection (b)(1) to address regional drought concerns, 
in accordance with the conservation purposes of the program, the 
Secretary, in consultation with the applicable State technical 
committee established under section 1261(a), may--
            ``(1) notwithstanding subsection (a)(1), enroll other 
        agricultural land on which the resource concerns identified in 
        the agreement can be addressed if the enrollment of the land is 
        critical to the accomplishment of the purposes of the 
        agreement;
            ``(2) permit dryland agricultural uses with the adoption of 
        best management practices on enrolled land if the agreement 
        involves the significant long-term reduction of consumptive 
        water use and dryland production is compatible with the 
        agreement; and
            ``(3) calculate annual rental payments consistent with 
        existing administrative practice for similar drought and water 
        conservation agreements under this subchapter and ensure 
        regional consistency in those rates.''.

SEC. 12613. ENCOURAGEMENT OF POLLINATOR HABITAT DEVELOPMENT AND 
              PROTECTION.

    Section 1244(h) of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 
3844(h)) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (1), by striking ``and'' at the end;
            (2) in paragraph (2), by striking the period at the end and 
        inserting a semicolon; and
            (3) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(3) the development of a conservation and recovery plan 
        for protection of pollinators through conservation biological 
        control or practices and strategies to integrate natural 
        predators and parasites of crop pests into agricultural systems 
        for pest control; and
            ``(4) training for producers relating to background 
        science, implementation, and promotion of conservation 
        biological control such that producers base conservation 
        activities on practices and techniques that conserve or enhance 
        natural habitat for beneficial insects as a way of reducing 
        pest problems and pesticide applications on farms.''.

SEC. 12614. REPAIR OR REPLACEMENT OF FENCING; COST SHARE PAYMENTS.

    (a) Repair or Replacement of Fencing.--
            (1) In general.--Section 401 of the Agricultural Credit Act 
        of 1978 (16 U.S.C. 2201) is amended--
                    (A) by inserting ``wildfires,'' after 
                ``hurricanes,'';
                    (B) by striking the section designation and all 
                that follows through ``The Secretary of Agriculture'' 
                and inserting the following:

``SEC. 401. PAYMENTS TO PRODUCERS.

    ``(a) In General.--The Secretary of Agriculture (referred to in 
this title as the `Secretary')''; and
                    (C) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(b) Repair or Replacement of Fencing.--
            ``(1) In general.--With respect to a payment to an 
        agricultural producer under subsection (a) for the repair or 
        replacement of fencing, the Secretary shall give the 
        agricultural producer the option of receiving not more than 25 
        percent of the payment, determined by the Secretary based on 
        the applicable percentage of the fair market value of the cost 
        of the repair or replacement, before the agricultural producer 
        carries out the repair or replacement.
            ``(2) Return of funds.--If the funds provided under 
        paragraph (1) are not expended by the end of the 60-day period 
        beginning on the date on which the agricultural producer 
        receives those funds, the funds shall be returned within a 
        reasonable timeframe, as determined by the Secretary.''.
            (2) Conforming amendments.--
                    (A) Sections 402, 403, 404, and 405 of the 
                Agricultural Credit Act of 1978 (16 U.S.C. 2202, 2203, 
                2204, 2205) are amended by striking ``Secretary of 
                Agriculture'' each place it appears and inserting 
                ``Secretary''.
                    (B) Section 407(a) of the Agricultural Credit Act 
                of 1978 (16 U.S.C. 2206(a)) is amended by striking 
                paragraph (4).
    (b) Cost Share Payments.--Title IV of the Agricultural Credit Act 
of 1978 (16 U.S.C. 2201 et seq.) is amended by inserting after section 
402 the following:

``SEC. 402A. COST-SHARE REQUIREMENT.

    ``(a) Cost-share Rate.--Subject to subsections (b) and (c), the 
maximum cost-share payment under sections 401 and 402 shall not exceed, 
75 percent of the total allowable cost, as determined by the Secretary.
    ``(b) Exception.--Notwithstanding subsection (a), a payment to a 
limited resource farmer or rancher, a socially disadvantaged farmer or 
rancher (as defined in 2501(a) of the Food, Agriculture, Conservation, 
and Trade Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 2279(a)), or a beginning farmer or 
rancher under section 401 or 402 shall not exceed 90 percent of the 
total allowable cost, as determined by the Secretary.
    ``(c) Limitation.--The total payment under sections 401 and 402 for 
a single event may not exceed 50 percent of the agriculture value of 
the land, as determined by the Secretary.''.

SEC. 12615. FOOD DONATION STANDARDS.

    Section 203D of the Emergency Food Assistance Act of 1983 (7 U.S.C. 
7507) (as amended by section 4115(c)) is amended by adding at the end 
the following:
    ``(f) Food Donation Standards.--
            ``(1) Definitions.--In this subsection:
                    ``(A) Apparently wholesome food.--The term 
                `apparently wholesome food' has the meaning given the 
                term in section 22(b) of the Child Nutrition Act of 
                1966 (42 U.S.C. 1791(b)).
                    ``(B) Institution of higher education.--The term 
                `institution of higher education' has the meaning given 
                the term in section 102 of the Higher Education Act of 
                1965 (20 U.S.C. 1002).
                    ``(C)  Qualified direct donor.--The term `qualified 
                direct donor' means a retail food store, wholesaler, 
                agricultural producer, restaurant, caterer, school food 
                authority, or institution of higher education.
            ``(2) Guidance.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Not later than 180 days after 
                the date of enactment of the Agriculture Improvement 
                Act of 2018, the Secretary shall issue guidance to 
                promote awareness of donations of apparently wholesome 
                food protected under section 22(c) of the Child 
                Nutrition Act of 1966 (42 U.S.C. 1791(c)) by qualified 
                direct donors in compliance with applicable State and 
                local health, food safety, and food handling laws 
                (including regulations).
                    ``(B)  Issuance.--The Secretary shall encourage 
                State agencies and emergency feeding organizations to 
                share the guidance issued under subparagraph (A) with 
                qualified direct donors.''.

SEC. 12616. MICRO-GRANTS FOR FOOD SECURITY.

    The Food, Conservation, and Energy Act of 2008 is amended by 
inserting after section 4405 (7 U.S.C. 7517) the following:

``SEC. 4406. MICRO-GRANTS FOR FOOD SECURITY.

    ``(a) Purpose.--The purpose of this section is to increase the 
quantity and quality of locally grown food through small-scale 
gardening, herding, and livestock operations in food insecure 
communities in areas of the United States that have significant levels 
of food insecurity and import a significant quantity of food.
    ``(b) Definitions.--In this section:
            ``(1) Eligible entity.--The term `eligible entity' means an 
        entity that--
                    ``(A) is--
                            ``(i) an individual;
                            ``(ii) an Indian tribe (as defined in 
                        section 4 of the Indian Self-Determination and 
                        Education Assistance Act (25 U.S.C. 5304)) or a 
                        consortium of Indian tribes;
                            ``(iii) a nonprofit organization engaged in 
                        increasing food security, as determined by the 
                        Secretary, including--
                                    ``(I) a religious organization;
                                    ``(II) a food bank; and
                                    ``(III) a food pantry;
                            ``(iv) a federally funded educational 
                        facility, including--
                                    ``(I) a Head Start program or an 
                                Early Head Start program carried out 
                                under the Head Start Act (42 U.S.C. 
                                9831 et seq.);
                                    ``(II) a public elementary school 
                                or public secondary school;
                                    ``(III) a public institution of 
                                higher education (as defined in section 
                                101 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 
                                (20 U.S.C. 1001));
                                    ``(IV) a Tribal College or 
                                University (as defined in section 
                                316(b) of the Higher Education Act of 
                                1965 (20 U.S.C. 1059c(b))); and
                                    ``(V) a job training program; or
                            ``(v) a local or Tribal government that may 
                        not levy local taxes under State or Federal 
                        law; and
                    ``(B) is located in an eligible State.
            ``(2) Eligible state.--The term `eligible State' means--
                    ``(A) the State of Alaska;
                    ``(B) the State of Hawaii;
                    ``(C) American Samoa;
                    ``(D) the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana 
                Islands;
                    ``(E) the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico;
                    ``(F) the Federated States of Micronesia;
                    ``(G) Guam;
                    ``(H) the Republic of the Marshall Islands;
                    ``(I) the Republic of Palau; and
                    ``(J) the United States Virgin Islands.
    ``(c) Establishment.--The Secretary shall distribute funds to the 
agricultural department or agency of each eligible State for the 
competitive distribution of subgrants to eligible entities to increase 
the quantity and quality of locally grown food in food insecure 
communities, including through small-scale gardening, herding, and 
livestock operations.
    ``(d) Distribution of Funds.--
            ``(1) In general.--Of the amount made available under 
        subsection (g), the Secretary shall distribute--
                    ``(A) 40 percent to the State of Alaska;
                    ``(B) 40 percent to the State of Hawaii; and
                    ``(C) 2.5 percent to each insular area described in 
                subparagraphs (C) through (J) of subsection (b)(2).
            ``(2) Carryover of funds.--Funds distributed under 
        paragraph (1) shall remain available until expended.
            ``(3) Administrative funds.--An eligible State that 
        receives funds under paragraph (1) may use not more than 3 
        percent of those funds--
                    ``(A) to administer the competition for providing 
                subgrants to eligible entities in that eligible State;
                    ``(B) to provide oversight of the subgrant 
                recipients in that eligible State; and
                    ``(C) to collect data and submit a report to the 
                Secretary under subsection (f)(2).
    ``(e) Subgrants to Eligible Entities.--
            ``(1) Amount of subgrants.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The amount of a subgrant to an 
                eligible entity under this section shall be--
                            ``(i) in the case of an eligible entity 
                        that is an individual, not greater than $5,000 
                        per year; and
                            ``(ii) in the case of an eligible entity 
                        described in clauses (ii) through (v) of 
                        subsection (b)(1)(A), not greater than $10,000 
                        per year.
                    ``(B) Matching requirement.--As a condition of 
                receiving a subgrant under this section, an eligible 
                entity shall provide funds equal to 10 percent of the 
                amount received by the eligible entity under the 
                subgrant, to be derived from non-Federal sources.
                    ``(C) Carryover of funds.--Funds received by an 
                eligible entity that is awarded a subgrant under this 
                section shall remain available until expended.
            ``(2) Priority.--In carrying out the competitive 
        distribution of subgrants under subsection (c), an eligible 
        State may give priority to an eligible entity that--
                    ``(A) has not previously received a subgrant under 
                this section; or
                    ``(B) is located in a community or region in that 
                eligible State with the highest degree of food 
                insecurity, as determined by the agricultural 
                department or agency of the eligible State.
            ``(3) Projects.--An eligible State may provide subgrants to 
        2 or more eligible entities to carry out the same project.
            ``(4) Use of subgrant funds by eligible entities.--An 
        eligible entity that receives a subgrant under this section 
        shall use the funds to engage in activities that will increase 
        the quantity and quality of locally grown food, including by--
                    ``(A) purchasing gardening tools or equipment, 
                soil, soil amendments, seeds, plants, animals, canning 
                equipment, refrigeration, or other items necessary to 
                grow and store food;
                    ``(B) purchasing or building composting units;
                    ``(C) purchasing or building towers designed to 
                grow leafy green vegetables;
                    ``(D) expanding an area under cultivation or 
                engaging in other activities necessary to be eligible 
                to receive funding under the environmental quality 
                incentives program established under chapter 4 of 
                subtitle D of title XII of the Food Security Act of 
                1985 (16 U.S.C. 3839aa et seq.) for a high tunnel;
                    ``(E) engaging in an activity that extends the 
                growing season;
                    ``(F) starting or expanding hydroponic and 
                aeroponic farming of any scale;
                    ``(G) building, buying, erecting, or repairing 
                fencing for livestock, poultry, or reindeer;
                    ``(H) purchasing and equipping a slaughter and 
                processing facility approved by the Secretary;
                    ``(I) travelling to participate in agricultural 
                education provided by--
                            ``(i) a State cooperative extension 
                        service;
                            ``(ii) a land-grant college or university 
                        (as defined in section 1404 of the National 
                        Agricultural Research, Extension, and Teaching 
                        Policy Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 3103));
                            ``(iii) a Tribal College or University (as 
                        defined in section 316(b) of the Higher 
                        Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1059c(b)));
                            ``(iv) an Alaska Native-serving institution 
                        or a Native Hawaiian-serving institution (as 
                        those terms are defined in section 317(b) of 
                        the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 
                        1059d(b))); or
                            ``(v) a Federal or State agency;
                    ``(J) paying for shipping of purchased items 
                relating to increasing food security;
                    ``(K) creating or expanding avenues for--
                            ``(i) the sale of food commodities, 
                        specialty crops, and meats that are grown by 
                        the eligible entity for sale in the local 
                        community; or
                            ``(ii) the availability of fresh, locally 
                        grown, and nutritious food; and
                    ``(L) engaging in other activities relating to 
                increasing food security (including subsistence), as 
                determined by the Secretary.
            ``(5) Eligibility for other financial assistance.--An 
        eligible entity shall not be ineligible to receive financial 
        assistance under another program administered by the Secretary 
        as a result of receiving a subgrant under this section.
    ``(f) Reporting Requirement.--
            ``(1) Subgrant recipients.--As a condition of receiving a 
        subgrant under this section, an eligible entity shall submit to 
        the eligible State in which the eligible entity is located a 
        report--
                    ``(A) as soon as practicable after the end of the 
                project; and
                    ``(B) that describes the quantity of food grown and 
                the number of people fed as a result of the subgrant.
            ``(2) Report to the secretary.--Not later than 120 days 
        after the date on which an eligible State receives a report 
        from each eligible entity in that State under paragraph (1), 
        the eligible State shall submit to the Secretary a report that 
        describes, in the aggregate, the information and data contained 
        in the reports received from those eligible entities.
    ``(g) Funding.--
            ``(1) Authorization of appropriations.--There is authorized 
        to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out this section 
        $10,000,000 for fiscal year 2019 and each fiscal year 
        thereafter, to remain available until expended.
            ``(2) Appropriations in advance.--Only funds appropriated 
        under paragraph (1) in advance specifically to carry out this 
        section shall be available to carry out this section.
    ``(h) Effective Date.--This section takes effect on the date of 
enactment of the Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018.''.

SEC. 12617. USE OF ADDITIONAL COMMODITY CREDIT CORPORATION FUNDS FOR 
              DIRECT OPERATING MICROLOANS UNDER CERTAIN CONDITIONS.

    Section 346(b) of the Consolidated Farm and Rural Development Act 
(7 U.S.C. 1994(b)) is amended by adding at the end the following:
            ``(5) Use of additional commodity credit corporation funds 
        for direct operating microloans under certain conditions.--
                    ``(A) In general.--If the Secretary determines that 
                the amount needed for a fiscal year for direct 
                operating loans (including microloans) under subtitle B 
                is greater than the aggregate principal amount 
                authorized for that fiscal year by this Act, an 
                appropriations Act, or any other provision of law, the 
                Secretary shall make additional microloans under 
                subtitle B using amounts made available under 
                subparagraph (B).
                    ``(B) Funding.--Of the funds of the Commodity 
                Credit Corporation, the Secretary shall use to make 
                microloans under subtitle B, under the conditions 
                described in subparagraph (A), not more than $5,000,000 
                for the period of fiscal years 2019 through 2023.
                    ``(C) Notice.--Not later than 15 days before the 
                date on which the Secretary uses the authority under 
                subparagraphs (A) and (B), the Secretary shall submit a 
                notice of the use of that authority to--
                            ``(i) the Committee on Appropriations of 
                        the House of Representatives;
                            ``(ii) the Committee on Appropriations of 
                        the Senate;
                            ``(iii) the Committee on Agriculture of the 
                        House of Representatives; and
                            ``(iv) the Committee on Agriculture, 
                        Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate.''.

SEC. 12618. BUSINESS AND INNOVATION SERVICES ESSENTIAL COMMUNITY 
              FACILITIES.

    Section 306(a) of the Consolidated Farm and Rural Development Act 
(7 U.S.C. 1926(a)) (as amended by section 6105) is amended by adding at 
the end the following:
            ``(28) Business and innovation services essential community 
        facilities.--The Secretary may make loans and loan guarantees 
        under this subsection and grants under paragraphs (19), (20), 
        and (21) for essential community facilities for business and 
        innovation services, such as incubators, co-working spaces, 
        makerspaces, and residential entrepreneur and innovation 
        centers.''.

SEC. 12619. RURAL INNOVATION STRONGER ECONOMY GRANT PROGRAM.

    Subtitle D of the Consolidated Farm and Rural Development Act (7 
U.S.C. 1981 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the following:

``SEC. 379I. RURAL INNOVATION STRONGER ECONOMY GRANT PROGRAM.

    ``(a) Definitions.--In this section:
            ``(1) Eligible entity.--The term `eligible entity' means a 
        rural jobs accelerator partnership established after the date 
        of enactment of this section that--
                    ``(A) organizes key community and regional 
                stakeholders into a working group that--
                            ``(i) focuses on the shared goals and needs 
                        of the industry clusters that are objectively 
                        identified as existing, emerging, or declining;
                            ``(ii) represents a region defined by the 
                        partnership in accordance with subparagraph 
                        (B);
                            ``(iii) includes 1 or more representatives 
                        of--
                                    ``(I) an institution of higher 
                                education (as defined in section 101 of 
                                the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 
                                U.S.C. 1001));
                                    ``(II) a private entity; or
                                    ``(III) a government entity;
                            ``(iv) may include 1 or more 
                        representatives of--
                                    ``(I) an economic development or 
                                other community or labor organization;
                                    ``(II) a financial institution, 
                                including a community development 
                                financial institution (as defined in 
                                section 103 of the Community 
                                Development Banking and Financial 
                                Institutions Act of 1994 (12 U.S.C. 
                                4702));
                                    ``(III) a philanthropic 
                                organization; or
                                    ``(IV) a rural cooperative, if the 
                                cooperative is organized as a nonprofit 
                                organization; and
                            ``(v) has, as a lead applicant--
                                    ``(I) a District Organization (as 
                                defined in section 300.3 of title 13, 
                                Code of Federal Regulations (or a 
                                successor regulation));
                                    ``(II) an Indian tribe (as defined 
                                in section 4 of the Indian Self-
                                Determination and Education Assistance 
                                Act (25 U.S.C. 5304)), or a consortium 
                                of Indian tribes;
                                    ``(III) a State or a political 
                                subdivision of a State, including a 
                                special purpose unit of a State or 
                                local government engaged in economic 
                                development activities, or a consortium 
                                of political subdivisions;
                                    ``(IV) an institution of higher 
                                education (as defined in section 101 of 
                                the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 
                                U.S.C. 1001)) or a consortium of 
                                institutions of higher education; or
                                    ``(V) a public or private nonprofit 
                                organization; and
                    ``(B) subject to approval by the Secretary, may--
                            ``(i) serve a region that is--
                                    ``(I) a single jurisdiction; or
                                    ``(II) if the region is a rural 
                                area, multijurisdictional; and
                            ``(ii) define the region that the 
                        partnership represents, if the region--
                                    ``(I) is large enough to contain 
                                critical elements of the industry 
                                cluster prioritized by the partnership;
                                    ``(II) is small enough to enable 
                                close collaboration among members of 
                                the partnership;
                                    ``(III) includes a majority of 
                                communities that are located in--
                                            ``(aa) a nonmetropolitan 
                                        area that qualifies as a low-
                                        income community (as defined in 
                                        section 45D(e) of the Internal 
                                        Revenue Code of 1986); and
                                            ``(bb) an area that has 
                                        access to or has a plan to 
                                        achieve broadband service 
                                        (within the meaning of title VI 
                                        of the Rural Electrification 
                                        Act of 1936 (7 U.S.C. 950bb et 
                                        seq.)); and
                                    ``(IV)(aa) has a population of 
                                50,000 or fewer inhabitants; or
                                    ``(bb) for a region with a 
                                population of more than 50,000 
                                inhabitants, is the subject of a 
                                positive determination by the Secretary 
                                with respect to a rural-in-character 
                                petition, including such a petition 
                                submitted concurrently with the 
                                application of the partnership for a 
                                grant under this section.
            ``(2) Industry cluster.--The term `industry cluster' means 
        a broadly defined network of interconnected firms and 
        supporting institutions in related industries that accelerate 
        innovation, business formation, and job creation by taking 
        advantage of assets and strengths of a region in the business 
        environment.
            ``(3) High-wage job.--The term `high-wage job' means a job 
        that provides a wage that is greater than the median wage for 
        the applicable region, as determined by the Secretary.
            ``(4) Jobs accelerator.--The term `jobs accelerator' means 
        a jobs accelerator center or program located in or serving a 
        low-income rural community that may provide co-working space, 
        in-demand skills training, entrepreneurship support, and any 
        other services described in subsection (d)(1)(B).
            ``(5) Small and disadvantaged business.--The term `small 
        and disadvantaged business' has the meaning given the term 
        `small business concern owned and controlled by socially and 
        economically disadvantaged individuals' in section 8(d)(3)(C) 
        of the Small Business Act (15 U.S.C. 637(d)(3)(C)).
    ``(b) Establishment.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall establish a grant 
        program under which the Secretary shall award grants, on a 
        competitive basis, to eligible entities to establish jobs 
        accelerators, including related programming, that--
                    ``(A) improve the ability of distressed rural 
                communities to create high-wage jobs, accelerate the 
                formation of new businesses with high-growth potential, 
                and strengthen regional economies, including by helping 
                to build capacity in the applicable region to achieve 
                those goals; and
                    ``(B) help rural communities identify and maximize 
                local assets and connect to regional opportunities, 
                networks, and industry clusters that demonstrate high 
                growth potential.
            ``(2) Cost-sharing.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The Federal share of the cost of 
                any activity carried out using a grant made under 
                paragraph (1) shall be not greater than 80 percent.
                    ``(B) In-kind contributions.--The non-Federal share 
                of the total cost of any activity carried out using a 
                grant made under paragraph (1) may be in the form of 
                donations or in-kind contributions of goods or services 
                fairly valued.
            ``(3) Selection criteria.--In selecting eligible entities 
        to receive grants under paragraph (1), the Secretary shall 
        consider--
                    ``(A) the commitment of participating core 
                stakeholders in the jobs accelerator partnership, 
                including a demonstration that--
                            ``(i) investment organizations, including 
                        venture development organizations, venture 
                        capital firms, revolving loan funders, angel 
                        investment groups, community lenders, community 
                        development financial institutions, rural 
                        business investment companies, small business 
                        investment companies (as defined in section 103 
                        of the Small Business Investment Act of 1958 
                        (15 U.S.C. 662)), philanthropic organizations, 
                        and other institutions focused on expanding 
                        access to capital, are committed partners in 
                        the jobs accelerator partnership and willing to 
                        potentially invest in projects emerging from 
                        the jobs accelerator; and
                            ``(ii) institutions of higher education, 
                        applied research institutions, workforce 
                        development entities, and community-based 
                        organizations are willing to partner with the 
                        jobs accelerator to provide workers with skills 
                        relevant to the industry cluster needs of the 
                        region, with an emphasis on the use of on-the-
                        job training, registered apprenticeships, 
                        customized training, classroom occupational 
                        training, or incumbent worker training;
                    ``(B) the ability of the eligible entity to provide 
                the non-Federal share as required under paragraph (2);
                    ``(C) the speed of available broadband service and 
                how the jobs accelerator plans to improve access to 
                high-speed broadband service, if necessary, and 
                leverage that broadband service for programs of the 
                jobs accelerator;
                    ``(D) the identification of a targeted industry 
                cluster, including a description of--
                            ``(i) data showing the existence of 
                        emergence of an industry cluster;
                            ``(ii) the importance of the industry 
                        cluster to economic growth in the region;
                            ``(iii) the specific needs and 
                        opportunities for growth in the industry 
                        cluster;
                            ``(iv) the unique assets a region has to 
                        support the industry cluster and to have a 
                        competitive advantage in that industry cluster;
                            ``(v) evidence of a concentration of firms 
                        or concentration of employees in the industry 
                        cluster; and
                            ``(vi) available industry-specific 
                        infrastructure that supports the industry 
                        cluster;
                    ``(E) the ability of the partnership to link rural 
                communities to markets, networks, industry clusters, 
                and other regional opportunities and assets--
                            ``(i) to improve the competitiveness of the 
                        rural region;
                            ``(ii) to repatriate United States jobs;
                            ``(iii) to foster high-wage job creation;
                            ``(iv) to support innovation and 
                        entrepreneurship; and
                            ``(v) to promote private investment in the 
                        rural regional economy;
                    ``(F) other grants or loans of the Secretary and 
                other Federal agencies that the jobs accelerator would 
                be able to leverage; and
                    ``(G) prospects for the proposed center and related 
                programming to have sustainability beyond the full 
                maximum length of assistance under this subsection, 
                including the maximum number of renewals.
            ``(4) Grant term and renewals.--
                    ``(A) Term.--The initial term of a grant under 
                paragraph (1) shall be 4 years.
                    ``(B) Renewal.--The Secretary may renew a grant 
                under paragraph (1) for an additional period of not 
                longer than 2 years if the Secretary is satisfied, 
                using the evaluation under subsection (e)(2), that the 
                grant recipient has successfully established a jobs 
                accelerator and related programming.
            ``(5) Geographic distribution.--To the maximum extent 
        practicable, the Secretary shall provide grants under paragraph 
        (1) for jobs accelerators and related programming in not fewer 
        than 25 States at any time.
    ``(c) Grant Amount.--A grant awarded under subsection (b) may be in 
an amount equal to--
            ``(1) not less than $500,000; and
            ``(2) not more than $2,000,000.
    ``(d) Use of Funds.--
            ``(1) In general.--Subject to paragraph (2), funds from a 
        grant awarded under subsection (b) may be used--
                    ``(A) to construct, purchase, or equip a building 
                to serve as an innovation center, which may include--
                            ``(i) housing for business owners or 
                        workers;
                            ``(ii) co-working space, which may include 
                        space for remote work;
                            ``(iii) space for businesses to utilize 
                        with a focus on entrepreneurs and small and 
                        disadvantaged businesses but that may include 
                        collaboration with companies of all sizes;
                            ``(iv) job training programs; and
                            ``(v) efforts to utilize the innovation 
                        center as part of the development of a 
                        community downtown; or
                    ``(B) to support programs to be carried out at, or 
                in direct partnership with, the jobs accelerator that 
                support the objectives of the jobs accelerator, 
                including--
                            ``(i) linking rural communities to markets, 
                        networks, industry clusters, and other regional 
                        opportunities to support high-wage job 
                        creation, new business formation, and economic 
                        growth;
                            ``(ii) integrating small businesses into a 
                        supply chain;
                            ``(iii) creating or expanding 
                        commercialization activities for new business 
                        formation;
                            ``(iv) identifying and building assets in 
                        rural communities that are crucial to 
                        supporting regional economies;
                            ``(v) facilitating the repatriation of 
                        high-wage jobs to the United States;
                            ``(vi) supporting the deployment of 
                        innovative processes, technologies, and 
                        products;
                            ``(vii) enhancing the capacity of small 
                        businesses in regional industry clusters, 
                        including small and disadvantaged businesses;
                            ``(viii) increasing United States exports 
                        and business interaction with international 
                        buyers and suppliers;
                            ``(ix) developing the skills and expertise 
                        of local workforces, entrepreneurs, and 
                        institutional partners to support growing 
                        industry clusters, including the upskilling of 
                        incumbent workers;
                            ``(x) ensuring rural communities have the 
                        capacity and ability to carry out projects 
                        relating to housing, community facilities, 
                        infrastructure, or community and economic 
                        development to support regional industry 
                        cluster growth;
                            ``(xi) establishing training programs to 
                        meet the needs of employers in a regional 
                        industry cluster and prepare workers for high-
                        wage jobs; or
                            ``(xii) any other activities that the 
                        Secretary may determine to be appropriate.
            ``(2) Requirement.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Subject to subparagraph (B), not 
                more than 10 percent of a grant awarded under 
                subsection (b) shall be used for indirect costs 
                associated with administering the grant.
                    ``(B) Increase.--The Secretary may increase the 
                percentage described in subparagraph (A) on a case-by-
                case basis.
    ``(e) Annual Activity Report and Evaluation.--Not later than 1 year 
after receiving a grant under this section, and annually thereafter for 
the duration of the grant, an eligible entity shall--
            ``(1) report to the Secretary on the activities funded with 
        the grant; and
            ``(2)(A) evaluate the progress that the eligible entity has 
        made toward the strategic objectives identified in the 
        application for the grant; and
            ``(B) measure that progress using performance measures 
        during the project period, which may include--
                    ``(i) high-wage jobs created;
                    ``(ii) high-wage jobs retained;
                    ``(iii) private investment leveraged;
                    ``(iv) businesses improved;
                    ``(v) new business formations;
                    ``(vi) new products or services commercialized;
                    ``(vii) improvement of the value of existing 
                products or services under development;
                    ``(viii) regional collaboration, as measured by 
                such metrics as--
                            ``(I) the number of organizations actively 
                        engaged in the industry cluster;
                            ``(II) the number of symposia held by the 
                        industry cluster, including organizations that 
                        are not located in the immediate region defined 
                        by the partnership; and
                            ``(III) the number of further cooperative 
                        agreements;
                    ``(ix) the number of education and training 
                activities relating to innovation;
                    ``(x) the number of jobs relocated from outside of 
                the United States to the region;
                    ``(xi) the amount and number of new equity 
                investments in industry cluster firms;
                    ``(xii) the amount and number of new loans to 
                industry cluster firms;
                    ``(xiii) the dollar increase in exports resulting 
                from the project activities;
                    ``(xiv) the percentage of employees for which 
                training was provided;
                    ``(xv) improvement in sales of participating 
                businesses;
                    ``(xvi) improvement in wages paid at participating 
                businesses;
                    ``(xvii) improvement in income of participating 
                workers; or
                    ``(xviii) any other measure the Secretary 
                determines to be appropriate.
    ``(f) Interagency Task Force.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall establish an 
        interagency Federal task force to support the network of jobs 
        accelerators by--
                    ``(A) providing successful applicants with 
                available information and technical assistance on 
                Federal resources relevant to the project and region;
                    ``(B) establishing a Federal support team comprised 
                of staff from participating agencies in the task force 
                that shall provide coordinated and dedicated support 
                services to jobs accelerators; and
                    ``(C) providing opportunities for the network of 
                jobs accelerators to share best practices and further 
                collaborate to achieve the purposes of this section.
            ``(2) Membership.--The task force established under 
        paragraph (1) shall--
                    ``(A) be co-chaired by--
                            ``(i) the Secretary of Commerce (or a 
                        designee); and
                            ``(ii) the Secretary (or a designee); and
                    ``(B) include--
                            ``(i) the Secretary of Education (or a 
                        designee);
                            ``(ii) the Secretary of Energy (or a 
                        designee);
                            ``(iii) the Secretary of Health and Human 
                        Services (or a designee);
                            ``(iv) the Secretary of Housing and Urban 
                        Development (or a designee);
                            ``(v) the Secretary of Labor (or a 
                        designee);
                            ``(vi) the Secretary of Transportation (or 
                        a designee);
                            ``(vii) the Secretary of the Treasury (or a 
                        designee);
                            ``(viii) the Administrator of the 
                        Environmental Protection Agency (or a 
                        designee);
                            ``(ix) the Administrator of the Small 
                        Business Administration (or a designee);
                            ``(x) the Federal Co-Chair of the 
                        Appalachian Regional Commission (or a 
                        designee);
                            ``(xi) the Federal Co-Chairman of the Board 
                        of the Delta Regional Authority (or a 
                        designee);
                            ``(xii) the Federal Co-Chair of the 
                        Northern Border Regional Commission (or a 
                        designee);
                            ``(xiii) national and local organizations 
                        that have relevant programs and interests that 
                        could serve the needs of the jobs accelerators;
                            ``(xiv) representatives of State and local 
                        governments or State and local economic 
                        development agencies;
                            ``(xv) representatives of institutions of 
                        higher education, including land-grant 
                        universities; and
                            ``(xvi) such other heads of Federal 
                        agencies and non-Federal partners as determined 
                        appropriate by the co-chairs of the task 
                        force.''.

SEC. 12620. DRYLAND FARMING AGRICULTURAL SYSTEMS.

    Section 1672(d) of the Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade 
Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 5925(d)) (as amended by section 7209(a)) is 
amended by adding at the end the following:
            ``(15) Dryland farming agricultural systems.--Research and 
        extension grants may be made under this section for the 
        purposes of carrying out or enhancing research on the 
        utilization of big data for more precise management of dryland 
        farming agricultural systems.
            ``(16) Hop plant health initiative.--Research and extension 
        grants may be made under this section for the purposes of 
        developing and disseminating science-based tools and treatments 
        to combat diseases of hops caused by the plant pathogens 
        Podosphaera macularis and Pseudoperonospora humuli.''.

SEC. 12621. REMOTE SENSING TECHNOLOGIES.

    The Chief of the Forest Service shall--
            (1) continue to find efficiencies in the operations of the 
        forest inventory and analysis program under section 3(e) of the 
        Forest and Rangeland Renewable Resources Research Act of 1978 
        (16 U.S.C. 1642(e)) through the improved use and integration of 
        advanced remote sensing technologies to provide estimates for 
        State- and national-level inventories, where appropriate; and
            (2) partner with States and other interested stakeholders 
        to carry out the program described in paragraph (1).

SEC. 12622. BUY AMERICAN REQUIREMENTS.

    Not later than 180 days after the date of enactment of this Act, 
the Secretary shall--
            (1) fully enforce the Buy American provisions applicable to 
        domestic food assistance programs administered by the Food and 
        Nutrition Service, including, for use in those domestic food 
        assistance programs, the purchase of a fish or fish product 
        that substantially contains--
                    (A) fish (including tuna) harvested within--
                            (i) a State;
                            (ii) the District of Columbia; or
                            (iii) the Exclusive Economic Zone of the 
                        United States, as described in Presidential 
                        Proclamation 5030 (48 Fed. Reg. 10605; March 
                        10, 1983); or
                    (B) tuna harvested by a United States flagged 
                vessel; and
            (2) submit to Congress a report on the actions the 
        Secretary has taken and plans to take to comply with paragraph 
        (1).

SEC. 12623. ELIGIBILITY FOR OPERATORS ON HEIRS PROPERTY LAND TO OBTAIN 
              A FARM NUMBER.

    (a) Definitions.--In this section:
            (1) Eligible documentation.--The term ``eligible 
        documentation'', with respect to land for which a farm operator 
        seeks assignment of a farm number under subsection (b)(1), 
        includes--
                    (A) in States that have adopted a statute 
                consisting of an enactment or adoption of the Uniform 
                Partition of Heirs Property Act, as approved and 
                recommended for enactment in all States by the National 
                Conference of Commissioners on Uniform State Laws in 
                2010--
                            (i) a court order verifying the land meets 
                        the definition of heirs property (as defined in 
                        that Act); or
                            (ii) a certification from the local 
                        recorder of deeds that the recorded owner of 
                        the land is deceased and not less than 1 heir 
                        of the recorded owner of the land has initiated 
                        a procedure to retitle the land in the name of 
                        the rightful heir;
                    (B) a fully executed, unrecorded tenancy-in-common 
                agreement that sets out ownership rights and 
                responsibilities among all of the owners of the land 
                that--
                            (i) has been approved by a majority of the 
                        ownership interests in that property;
                            (ii) has given a particular owner the right 
                        to manage and control any portion or all of the 
                        land for purposes of operating a farm or ranch; 
                        and
                            (iii) was validly entered into under the 
                        authority of the jurisdiction in which the land 
                        is located;
                    (C) the tax return of a farm operator farming a 
                property with undivided interests for each of the 5 
                years preceding the date on which the farm operator 
                submits the tax returns as eligible documentation under 
                subsection (b);
                    (D) self-certification that the farm operator has 
                control of the land for purposes of operating a farm or 
                ranch; and
                    (E) any other documentation identified by the 
                Secretary under subsection (c).
            (2) Farm number.--The term ``farm number'' has the meaning 
        given the term in section 718.2 of title 7, Code of Federal 
        Regulations (as in effect on the date of enactment of this 
        Act).
    (b) Farm Number.--
            (1) In general.--The Secretary shall provide for the 
        assignment of a farm number to any farm operator who provides 
        any form of eligible documentation for purposes of 
        demonstrating that the farm operator has control of the land 
        for purposes of defining that land as a farm.
            (2) Eligibility.--Any farm number provided under paragraph 
        (1) shall be sufficient to satisfy any requirement of the 
        Secretary to have a farm number to participate in a program of 
        the Secretary.
    (c) Eligible Documentation.--The Secretary shall identify 
alternative forms of eligible documentation that a farm operator may 
provide in seeking the assignment of a farm number under subsection 
(b)(1).

SEC. 12624. LOANS TO PURCHASERS OF LAND WITH UNDIVIDED INTEREST AND NO 
              ADMINISTRATIVE AUTHORITY.

    (a) Reauthorization of Beginning Farmer and Rancher Individual 
Development Accounts Pilot Program.--Section 333B(h) of the 
Consolidated Farm and Rural Development Act (7 U.S.C. 1983b(h)) (as 
amended by section 5301) is amended by striking ``2023'' and inserting 
``2024''.
    (b) Pilot Program.--Subtitle D of the Consolidated Farm and Rural 
Development Act (7 U.S.C. 1981 et seq.) is amended by inserting after 
section 333D the following:

``SEC. 333E. FARMER LOAN PILOT PROJECTS.

    ``(a) In General.--The Secretary may conduct pilot projects of 
limited scope and duration that are consistent with subtitles A, B, C, 
and this subtitle to evaluate processes and techniques that may improve 
the efficiency and effectiveness of the programs carried out under 
subtitles A, B, C, and this subtitle.
    ``(b) Notification.--The Secretary shall--
            ``(1) not less than 60 days before the date on which the 
        Secretary initiates a pilot project under subsection (a), 
        submit notice of the proposed pilot project to the Committee on 
        Agriculture of the House of Representatives and the Committee 
        on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate; and
            ``(2) consider any recommendations or feedback provided to 
        the Secretary in response to the notice provided under 
        paragraph (1).''.
    (c) Relending Program.--Subtitle A of title III of the Consolidated 
Farm and Rural Development Act (7 U.S.C. 1922 et seq.) is amended by 
adding at the end the following:

``SEC. 310I. RELENDING PROGRAM TO RESOLVE OWNERSHIP AND SUCCESSION ON 
              FARMLAND.

    ``(a) In General.--The Secretary may make or guarantee loans to 
eligible entities described in subsection (b) using amounts made 
available for farm ownership loans under this subtitle so that the 
eligible entities may relend the funds to individuals and entities for 
the purposes described in subsection (c).
    ``(b) Eligible Entities.--Entities eligible for loans and loan 
guarantees described in subsection (a) are cooperatives, credit unions, 
and nonprofit organizations with--
            ``(1) certification under section 1805.201 of title 12, 
        Code of Federal Regulations (or successor regulations) to 
        operate as a lender;
            ``(2) experience assisting socially disadvantaged farmers 
        and ranchers (as defined in section 2501(a) of the Food, 
        Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 
        2279(a))) or limited resource or new and beginning farmers and 
        ranchers, rural businesses, cooperatives, or credit unions, 
        including experience in making and servicing agricultural and 
        commercial loans; and
            ``(3) the ability to provide adequate assurance of the 
        repayment of a loan.
    ``(c) Eligible Purposes.--The proceeds from loans made or 
guaranteed by the Secretary pursuant to subsection (a) shall be relent 
by eligible entities for projects that assist heirs with undivided 
ownership interests to resolve ownership and succession on farmland 
that has multiple owners.
    ``(d) Preference.--In making loans under subsection (a), the 
Secretary shall give preference to eligible entities--
            ``(1) with not less than 10 years of experience serving 
        socially disadvantaged farmers and ranchers; and
            ``(2) in States that have adopted a statute consisting of 
        an enactment or adoption of the Uniform Partition of Heirs 
        Property Act, as approved and recommended for enactment in all 
        States by the National Conference of Commissioners on Uniform 
        State Laws in 2010, that relend to owners of heirs property (as 
        defined in that Act).
    ``(e) Loan Terms and Conditions.--The following terms and 
conditions shall apply to loans made or guaranteed under this section:
            ``(1) The interest rate at which intermediaries may borrow 
        funds under this section shall be equal to the rate at which 
        farm ownership loans under this subtitle are made.
            ``(2) The rates, terms, and payment structure for borrowers 
        to which intermediaries lend shall be--
                    ``(A) determined by the intermediary in an amount 
                sufficient to cover the cost of operating and 
                sustaining the revolving loan fund; and
                    ``(B) clearly and publicly disclosed to qualified 
                ultimate borrowers.
            ``(3) Borrowers to which intermediaries lend shall be--
                    ``(A) required to complete a succession plan as a 
                condition of the loan; and
                    ``(B) be offered the opportunity to borrow 
                sufficient funds to cover costs associated with the 
                succession plan under subparagraph (A) and other 
                associated legal and closing costs.
    ``(f) Report.--Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of 
this section, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on 
Agriculture of the House of Representatives and the Committee on 
Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate a report describing 
the operation and outcomes of the program under this section, with 
recommendations on how to strengthen the program.
    ``(g) Funding.--The Secretary shall carry out this section using 
funds otherwise made available to the Secretary.''.

SEC. 12625. FARMLAND OWNERSHIP DATA COLLECTION.

    (a) In General.--The Secretary shall collect and, not less 
frequently than once every 5 years report, data and analysis on 
farmland ownership, tenure, transition, and entry of beginning farmers 
and ranchers (as defined in section 343(a) of the Consolidated Farm and 
Rural Development Act (7 U.S.C. 1991(a))) and socially disadvantaged 
farmers and ranchers (as defined in section 2501(a) of the Food, 
Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 2279(a))).
    (b) Requirements.--In carrying out subsection (a), the Secretary 
shall, at a minimum--
            (1) collect and distribute comprehensive reporting of 
        trends in farmland ownership, tenure, transition, barriers to 
        entry, profitability, and viability of beginning farmers and 
        ranchers and socially disadvantaged farmers and ranchers;
            (2) develop surveys and report statistical and economic 
        analysis on farmland ownership, tenure, transition, barriers to 
        entry, profitability, and viability of beginning farmers and 
        ranchers, including a regular follow-on survey to each Census 
        of Agriculture with results of the follow-on survey made public 
        not later than 3 years after the previous Census of 
        Agriculture; and
            (3) require the National Agricultural Statistics Service--
                    (A) to include in the Tenure, Ownership, and 
                Transition of Agricultural Land survey questions 
                relating to--
                            (i) the extent to which non-farming 
                        landowners are purchasing and holding onto 
                        farmland for the sole purpose of real estate 
                        investment;
                            (ii) the impact of these farmland ownership 
                        trends on the successful entry and viability of 
                        beginning farmers and ranchers and socially 
                        disadvantaged farmers and ranchers;
                            (iii) the extent to which farm and ranch 
                        land with undivided interests and no 
                        administrative authority identified have farms 
                        or ranches operating on that land; and
                            (iv) the impact of land tenure patterns, 
                        categorized by--
                                    (I) race, gender, and ethnicity; 
                                and
                                    (II) region; and
                    (B) to include in the report of each Tenure, 
                Ownership, and Transition of Agricultural Land survey 
                the results of the questions under subparagraph (A).

SEC. 12626. RURAL BUSINESS INVESTMENT PROGRAM.

    (a) Definitions.--Section 384A of the Consolidated Farm and Rural 
Development Act (7 U.S.C. 2009cc) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (2)--
                    (A) in the paragraph heading, by striking 
                ``venture''; and
                    (B) by striking ``venture''; and
            (2) by striking paragraph (4) and inserting the following:
            ``(4) Equity capital.--The term `equity capital' means--
                    ``(A) common or preferred stock or a similar 
                instrument, including subordinated debt with equity 
                features; and
                    ``(B) any other type of equity-like financing that 
                might be necessary to facilitate the purposes of this 
                Act, excluding financing such as senior debt or other 
                types of financing that competes with routine 
                loanmaking of commercial lenders.''.
    (b) Purposes.--Section 384B of the Consolidated Farm and Rural 
Development Act (7 U.S.C. 2009cc-1) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (1), by striking ``venture''; and
            (2) in paragraph (2)--
                    (A) in the matter preceding subparagraph (A), by 
                striking ``venture''; and
                    (B) in subparagraph (B), by striking ``venture''.
    (c) Selection of Rural Business Investment Companies.--Section 
384D(b)(1) of the Consolidated Farm and Rural Development Act (7 U.S.C. 
2009cc-3(b)(1)) is amended by striking ``developmental venture'' and 
inserting ``developmental''.
    (d) Fees.--Section 384G of the Consolidated Farm and Rural 
Development Act (7 U.S.C. 2009cc-6) is amended--
            (1) in subsections (a) and (b), by striking ``a fee that 
        does not exceed $500'' each place it appears and inserting 
        ``such fees as the Secretary considers appropriate, so long as 
        those fees are proportionally equal for each rural business 
        investment company,''; and
            (2) in subsection (c)(2)--
                    (A) in subparagraph (B), by striking ``solely to 
                cover the costs of licensing examinations'' and 
                inserting ``as the Secretary considers appropriate''; 
                and
                    (B) by striking subparagraph (C) and inserting the 
                following:
                    ``(C) shall be in such amounts as the Secretary 
                considers appropriate.''.
    (e) Limitation on Rural Business Investment Companies Controlled by 
Farm Credit System Institutions.--Section 384J(c) of the Consolidated 
Farm and Rural Development Act (7 U.S.C. 2009cc-9(c)) is amended by 
striking ``25'' and inserting ``50''.
    (f) Flexibility on Sources of Investment or Capital.--Section 
384J(a) of the Consolidated Farm and Rural Development Act (7 U.S.C. 
2009cc-9(a)) is amended--
            (1) by redesignating paragraphs (1) and (2) as 
        subparagraphs (A) and (B), respectively, and indenting 
        appropriately;
            (2) by striking the subsection designation and heading and 
        all that follows through ``Except as'' in the matter preceding 
        subparagraph (A) (as so redesignated) and inserting the 
        following:
    ``(a) Investment.--
            ``(1) In general.--Except as''; and
            (3) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(2) Limitation on requirements.--The Secretary may not 
        require that an entity described in paragraph (1) provide 
        investment or capital that is not required of other companies 
        eligible to apply to operate as a rural business investment 
        company under section 384D(a).''.

SEC. 12627. NATIONAL OILHEAT RESEARCH ALLIANCE.

    (a) In General.--Section 713 of the National Oilheat Research 
Alliance Act of 2000 (42 U.S.C. 6201 note; Public Law 106-469) is 
repealed.
    (b) Limitations on Obligations of Funds.--The National Oilheat 
Research Alliance Act of 2000 (42 U.S.C. 6201 note; Public Law 106-469) 
is amended by inserting after section 707 the following:

``SEC. 708. LIMITATIONS ON OBLIGATION OF FUNDS.

    ``(a) In General.--In each fiscal year of the covered period, the 
Alliance may not obligate an amount greater than the sum of--
            ``(1) 75 percent of the amount of assessments estimated to 
        be collected under section 707 in that fiscal year;
            ``(2) 75 percent of the amount of assessments actually 
        collected under section 707 in the most recent fiscal year for 
        which an audit report has been submitted under section 
        706(f)(2)(B) as of the beginning of the fiscal year for which 
        the amount that may be obligated is being determined, less the 
        estimate made pursuant to paragraph (1) for that most recent 
        fiscal year; and
            ``(3) amounts permitted in preceding fiscal years to be 
        obligated pursuant to this subsection that have not been 
        obligated.
    ``(b) Excess Amounts Deposited in Escrow Account.--Assessments 
collected under section 707 in excess of the amount permitted to be 
obligated under subsection (a) in a fiscal year shall be deposited in 
an escrow account for the duration of the covered period.
    ``(c) Treatment of Amounts in Escrow Account.--
            ``(1) In general.--During the covered period, the Alliance 
        may not obligate, expend, or borrow against amounts required 
        under subsection (b) to be deposited in the escrow account.
            ``(2) Interest.--Any interest earned on amounts described 
        in paragraph (1) shall be--
                    ``(A) deposited in the escrow account; and
                    ``(B) unavailable for obligation for the duration 
                of the covered period.
    ``(d) Release of Amounts in Escrow Account.--After the expiration 
of the covered period, the Alliance may withdraw and obligate in any 
fiscal year an amount in the escrow account that does not exceed \1/5\ 
of the amount in the escrow account on the last day of the covered 
period.
    ``(e) Special Rule for Estimates for Particular Fiscal Years.--
            ``(1) Rule.--For purposes of subsection (a)(1), the amount 
        of assessments estimated to be collected under section 707 in a 
        fiscal year described in paragraph (2) shall be equal to 62 
        percent of the amount of assessments actually collected under 
        that section in the most recent fiscal year for which an audit 
        report has been submitted under section 706(f)(2)(B) as of the 
        beginning of the fiscal year for which the amount that may be 
        obligated is being determined.
            ``(2) Fiscal years described.--The fiscal years referred to 
        in paragraph (1) are the 9th and 10th fiscal years that begin 
        on or after the date of enactment of the Agriculture 
        Improvement Act of 2018.
    ``(f) Covered Period Defined.--In this section, the term `covered 
period' means the period that begins on the date of enactment of the 
Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018 and ends on the last day of the 
11th fiscal year that begins on or after that date of enactment.''.

SEC. 12628. REAUTHORIZATION OF RURAL EMERGENCY MEDICAL SERVICES 
              TRAINING AND EQUIPMENT ASSISTANCE PROGRAM.

    (a) Short Title.--This section may be cited as the ``Supporting and 
Improving Rural EMS Needs Act of 2018'' or the ``SIREN Act of 2018''.
    (b) Amendments.--Section 330J of the Public Health Service Act (42 
U.S.C. 254c-15) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a), by striking ``in rural areas'' and 
        inserting ``in rural areas or to residents of rural areas'';
            (2) by striking subsections (b) through (f) and inserting 
        the following:
    ``(b) Eligibility; Application.--To be eligible to receive grant 
under this section, an entity shall--
            ``(1) be--
                    ``(A) an emergency medical services agency operated 
                by a local or tribal government (including fire-based 
                and non-fire based); or
                    ``(B) an emergency medical services agency that is 
                described in section 501(c) of the Internal Revenue 
                Code of 1986 and exempt from tax under section 501(a) 
                of such Code; and
            ``(2) submit an application to the Secretary at such time, 
        in such manner, and containing such information as the 
        Secretary may require.
    ``(c) Use of Funds.--An entity--
            ``(1) shall use amounts received through a grant under 
        subsection (a) to--
                    ``(A) train emergency medical services personnel as 
                appropriate to obtain and maintain licenses and 
                certifications relevant to service in an emergency 
                medical services agency described in subsection (b)(1);
                    ``(B) conduct courses that qualify graduates to 
                serve in an emergency medical services agency described 
                in subsection (b)(1) in accordance with State and local 
                requirements;
                    ``(C) fund specific training to meet Federal or 
                State licensing or certification requirements; and
                    ``(D) acquire emergency medical services equipment; 
                and
            ``(2) may use amounts received through a grant under 
        subsection (a) to--
                    ``(A) recruit and retain emergency medical services 
                personnel, which may include volunteer personnel;
                    ``(B) develop new ways to educate emergency health 
                care providers through the use of technology-enhanced 
                educational methods; or
                    ``(C) acquire personal protective equipment for 
                emergency medical services personnel as required by the 
                Occupational Safety and Health Administration.
    ``(d) Grant Amounts.--Each grant awarded under this section shall 
be in an amount not to exceed $200,000.
    ``(e) Definitions.--In this section:
            ``(1) The term `emergency medical services'--
                    ``(A) means resources used by a public or private 
                nonprofit licensed entity to deliver medical care 
                outside of a medical facility under emergency 
                conditions that occur as a result of the condition of 
                the patient; and
                    ``(B) includes services delivered (either on a 
                compensated or volunteer basis) by an emergency medical 
                services provider or other provider that is licensed or 
                certified by the State involved as an emergency medical 
                technician, a paramedic, or an equivalent professional 
                (as determined by the State).
            ``(2) The term `rural area' means--
                    ``(A) a nonmetropolitan statistical area;
                    ``(B) an area designated as a rural area by any law 
                or regulation of a State; or
                    ``(C) a rural census tract of a metropolitan 
                statistical area (as determined under the most recent 
                rural urban commuting area code as set forth by the 
                Office of Management and Budget).
    ``(f) Matching Requirement.--The Secretary may not award a grant 
under this section to an entity unless the entity agrees that the 
entity will make available (directly or through contributions from 
other public or private entities) non-Federal contributions toward the 
activities to be carried out under the grant in an amount equal to 25 
percent of the amount received under the grant.''; and
            (3) in subsection (g)(1), by striking ``2002 through 2006'' 
        and inserting ``2019 through 2023''.

            Attest:

                                                             Secretary.
115th CONGRESS

  2d Session

                                 H.R. 2

_______________________________________________________________________

                               AMENDMENT