[Congressional Bills 114th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[S. 1169 Introduced in Senate (IS)]

114th CONGRESS
  1st Session
                                S. 1169

    To reauthorize and improve the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency 
            Prevention Act of 1974, and for other purposes.


_______________________________________________________________________


                   IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES

                             April 30, 2015

Mr. Grassley (for himself and Mr. Whitehouse) introduced the following 
    bill; which was read twice and referred to the Committee on the 
                               Judiciary

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL


 
    To reauthorize and improve the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency 
            Prevention Act of 1974, and for other purposes.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Juvenile Justice and Delinquency 
Prevention Reauthorization Act of 2015''.

SEC. 2. TABLE OF CONTENTS.

    The table of contents for this Act is as follows:

Sec. 1. Short title.
Sec. 2. Table of contents.
            TITLE I--DECLARATION OF PURPOSE AND DEFINITIONS

Sec. 101. Purposes.
Sec. 102. Definitions.
         TITLE II--JUVENILE JUSTICE AND DELINQUENCY PREVENTION

Sec. 201. Concentration of Federal efforts.
Sec. 202. Coordinating Council on Juvenile Justice and Delinquency 
                            Prevention.
Sec. 203. Annual report.
Sec. 204. Allocation of funds.
Sec. 205. State plans.
Sec. 206. Reallocation of grant funds.
Sec. 207. Authority to make grants.
Sec. 208. Eligibility of States.
Sec. 209. Grants to Indian tribes.
Sec. 210. Research and evaluation; statistical analyses; information 
                            dissemination.
Sec. 211. Training and technical assistance.
Sec. 212. Administrative authority.
Sec. 213. Technical and conforming amendments.
 TITLE III--INCENTIVE GRANTS FOR LOCAL DELINQUENCY PREVENTION PROGRAMS

Sec. 301. Definitions.
Sec. 302. Grants for delinquency prevention programs.
Sec. 303. Technical and conforming amendment.
                   TITLE IV--MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS

Sec. 401. Evaluation by Government Accountability Office.
Sec. 402. Authorization of appropriations.
Sec. 403. Accountability and oversight.
             TITLE V--JUVENILE ACCOUNTABILITY BLOCK GRANTS

Sec. 501. Grant eligibility.

            TITLE I--DECLARATION OF PURPOSE AND DEFINITIONS

SEC. 101. PURPOSES.

    Section 102 of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act 
of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5602) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (2), by striking ``and'' at the end;
            (2) by amending paragraph (3) to read as follows:
            ``(3) to assist State and local governments in addressing 
        juvenile crime through the provision of technical assistance, 
        research, training, evaluation, and the dissemination of 
        current and relevant information on effective and evidence-
        based programs and practices for combating juvenile 
        delinquency;''; and
            (3) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(4) to support a trauma-informed continuum of programs 
        (including delinquency prevention, intervention, mental health 
        and substance abuse treatment, and aftercare) to address the 
        needs of at-risk youth and youth who come into contact with the 
        justice system.''.

SEC. 102. DEFINITIONS.

    Section 103 of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act 
of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5603) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (8), by amending subparagraph (C) to read 
        as follows:
                    ``(C) an Indian tribe; or'';
            (2) by amending paragraph (18) to read as follows:
            ``(18) the term `Indian tribe' has the meaning given that 
        term in section 102 of the Federally Recognized Indian Tribe 
        List Act of 1994 (25 U.S.C. 479a);'';
            (3) by amending paragraph (22) to read as follows:
            ``(22) the term `jail or lockup for adults'--
                    ``(A) means a secure facility that is used by a 
                State, unit of local government, or law enforcement 
                authority to detain or confine adult inmates; and
                    ``(B) does not include a non-secure area in a 
                police facility or station in which a portion of the 
                area is secured to physically restrict the movement and 
                activity of individuals in lawful custody;'';
            (4) by amending paragraph (25) to read as follows:
            ``(25) the term `sight or sound contact' means any 
        physical, clear visual, or verbal contact that is not brief and 
        inadvertent;'';
            (5) by amending paragraph (26) to read as follows:
            ``(26) the term `adult inmate'--
                    ``(A) means an individual who--
                            ``(i) has reached the age of full criminal 
                        responsibility under applicable State law; and
                            ``(ii) has been arrested and is in custody 
                        for or awaiting trial on a criminal charge, or 
                        is convicted of a criminal charge offense; and
                    ``(B) does not include an individual who--
                            ``(i) at the time of the time of the 
                        offense, was younger than the maximum age at 
                        which a youth can be held in a juvenile 
                        facility under applicable State law; and
                            ``(ii) was committed to the care and 
                        custody or supervision, including post-
                        placement or parole supervision, of a juvenile 
                        correctional agency by a court of competent 
                        jurisdiction or by operation of applicable 
                        State law;'';
            (6) in paragraph (28), by striking ``and'' at the end;
            (7) in paragraph (29), by striking the period at the end 
        and inserting a semicolon; and
            (8) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(30) the term `core requirements' means the requirements 
        described in paragraphs (11), (12), (13), (14), and (15) of 
        section 223(a);
            ``(31) the term `chemical agent' means a spray or injection 
        used to temporarily incapacitate a person, including oleoresin 
        capsicum spray, tear gas, and 2-chlorobenzalmalononitrile gas;
            ``(32) the term `isolation'--
                    ``(A) means any instance in which a youth is 
                confined alone for more than 15 minutes in a room or 
                cell; and
                    ``(B) does not include confinement during regularly 
                scheduled sleeping hours, or for not more than 1 hour 
                during any 24-hour period in the room or cell in which 
                the youth usually sleeps, protective confinement (for 
                injured youths or youths whose safety is threatened), 
                separation based on an approved treatment program, 
                confinement or separation that is requested by the 
                youth, or the separation of the youth from a group in a 
                nonlocked setting for the purpose of calming;
            ``(33) the term `restraints' has the meaning given that 
        term in section 591 of the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 
        290ii);
            ``(34) the term `evidence-based' means a program or 
        practice that--
                    ``(A) is demonstrated to be effective when 
                implemented with fidelity;
                    ``(B) is based on a clearly articulated and 
                empirically supported theory;
                    ``(C) has measurable outcomes, including a detailed 
                description of the outcomes produced in a particular 
                population, in rural and urban areas; and
                    ``(D) has been scientifically tested through 
                randomized control studies or comparison group studies;
            ``(35) the term `promising' means a program or practice 
        that is demonstrated to be effective based on positive outcomes 
        from 1 or more objective, independent, and scientifically valid 
        evaluations, as documented in writing to the Administrator;
            ``(36) the term `dangerous practice' means an act, 
        procedure, or program that creates an unreasonable risk of 
        physical injury, pain, or psychological harm to a juvenile 
        subjected to the act, procedure, or program;
            ``(37) the term `screening' means a brief process--
                    ``(A) designed to identify youth who may have 
                mental health, behavioral health, substance abuse, or 
                other needs requiring immediate attention, 
                intervention, and further evaluation; and
                    ``(B) the purpose of which is to quickly identify a 
                youth with possible mental health, behavioral health, 
                substance abuse, or other needs in need of further 
                assessment;
            ``(38) the term `assessment' includes, at a minimum, an 
        interview and review of available records and other pertinent 
        information--
                    ``(A) by an appropriately trained professional who 
                meets the criteria of the applicable State for 
                licensing and education in the mental health, 
                behavioral health, or substance abuse field; and
                    ``(B) which is designed to identify significant 
                mental health, behavioral health, or substance abuse 
                treatment needs to be addressed during a youth's 
                confinement;
            ``(39) the term `contact' means the points at which a youth 
        and the juvenile justice system or criminal justice system 
        officially intersect, including interactions with a juvenile 
        justice, juvenile court, or law enforcement official;
            ``(40) the term `trauma-informed' means--
                    ``(A) understanding the impact that exposure to 
                violence and trauma have on a youth's physical, 
                psychological, and psychosocial development;
                    ``(B) recognizing when a youth has been exposed to 
                violence and trauma and is in need of help to recover 
                from the adverse impacts of trauma; and
                    ``(C) responding by helping in ways that reflect 
                awareness of the adverse impacts of trauma;
            ``(41) the term `racial and ethnic disparity' means 
        minority youth populations are involved at a decision point in 
        the juvenile justice system at higher rates, incrementally or 
        cumulatively, than non-minority youth at that decision point;
            ``(42) the term `status offender' means--
                    ``(A) a juvenile who is charged with or who has 
                committed an offense that would not be criminal if 
                committed by an adult; or
                    ``(B) an individual under 18 years of age who is 
                charged with or who has committed an offense of 
                purchase or possession of any alcoholic beverage; and
            ``(43) the term `rural' means an area that is not located 
        in a metropolitan statistical area, as defined by the Office of 
        Management and Budget.''.

         TITLE II--JUVENILE JUSTICE AND DELINQUENCY PREVENTION

SEC. 201. CONCENTRATION OF FEDERAL EFFORTS.

    Section 204 of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act 
of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5614) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a)--
                    (A) in paragraph (1), in the first sentence--
                            (i) by striking ``a long-term plan, and 
                        implement'' and inserting the following: ``a 
                        long-term plan to improve the juvenile justice 
                        system in the United States, taking into 
                        account scientific knowledge regarding 
                        adolescent development and behavior and 
                        regarding the effects of delinquency prevention 
                        programs and juvenile justice interventions on 
                        adolescents, and shall implement''; and
                            (ii) by striking ``research, and 
                        improvement of the juvenile justice system in 
                        the United States'' and inserting ``and 
                        research''; and
                    (B) in paragraph (2)(B), by striking ``Federal 
                Register'' and all that follows and inserting ``Federal 
                Register during the 30-day period ending on October 1 
                of each year.''; and
            (2) in subsection (b)--
                    (A) in paragraph (5), by adding ``and'' at the end;
                    (B) in paragraph (6), by striking ``; and'' and 
                inserting a period; and
                    (C) by striking paragraph (7).

SEC. 202. COORDINATING COUNCIL ON JUVENILE JUSTICE AND DELINQUENCY 
              PREVENTION.

    Section 206 of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act 
of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5616) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a)(1)--
                    (A) by inserting ``the Administrator of the 
                Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services 
                Administration, the Secretary of Defense, the Secretary 
                of Agriculture, the Assistant Secretary for Indian 
                Affairs'' after ``the Secretary of Health and Human 
                Services,''; and
                    (B) by striking ``Commissioner of Immigration and 
                Naturalization'' and inserting ``Assistant Secretary 
                for Immigration and Customs Enforcement''; and
            (2) in subsection (c)--
                    (A) in paragraph (1), by striking ``paragraphs 
                (12)(A), (13), and (14) of section 223(a) of this 
                title'' and inserting ``the core requirements''; and
                    (B) in paragraph (2)--
                            (i) in the matter preceding subparagraph 
                        (A), by inserting ``, on an annual basis'' 
                        after ``collectively''; and
                            (ii) by striking subparagraph (B) and 
                        inserting the following:
                    ``(B) not later than 120 days after the completion 
                of the last meeting of the Council during any fiscal 
                year, submit to the Committee on Education and Labor of 
                the House of Representatives and the Committee on the 
                Judiciary of the Senate a report that--
                            ``(i) contains the recommendations 
                        described in subparagraph (A);
                            ``(ii) includes a detailed account of the 
                        activities conducted by the Council during the 
                        fiscal year, including a complete detailed 
                        accounting of expenses incurred by the Council 
                        to conduct operations in accordance with this 
                        section;
                            ``(iii) is published on the websites of the 
                        Department of Justice, Office of Juvenile 
                        Justice and Delinquency Prevention, and the 
                        Council; and
                            ``(iv) is in addition to the annual report 
                        required under section 207.''.

SEC. 203. ANNUAL REPORT.

    Section 207 of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act 
of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5617) is amended--
            (1) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), by striking ``a 
        fiscal year'' and inserting ``each fiscal year'';
            (2) in paragraph (1)--
                    (A) in subparagraph (B), by inserting ``, 
                ethnicity, as such term is defined by the United States 
                Census Bureau,'' after ``gender'';
                    (B) in subparagraph (E), by striking ``and'' at the 
                end;
                    (C) in subparagraph (F)--
                            (i) by inserting ``and other'' before 
                        ``disabilities,''; and
                            (ii) by striking the period at the end and 
                        inserting a semicolon; and
                    (D) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(G) a summary of data from 1 month of the 
                applicable fiscal year of the use of restraints and 
                isolation upon juveniles held in the custody of secure 
                detention and correctional facilities operated by a 
                State or unit of local government;
                    ``(H) the number of status offense cases petitioned 
                to court, number of status offenders held in secure 
                detention, the findings used to justify the use of 
                secure detention, and the average period of time a 
                status offender was held in secure detention;
                    ``(I) the number of juveniles in the custody of 
                secure detention and correctional facilities operated 
                by a State or unit of local government who report to 
                being pregnant; and
                    ``(J) the number of juveniles whose offenses 
                originated on school grounds, during off-campus 
                activities, or due to a referral by any school 
                official.'';
            (3) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(5) A description of the criteria used to determine what 
        programs qualify as evidence-based and promising programs under 
        this title and title V and a comprehensive list of those 
        programs the Administrator has determined meet such criteria in 
        both rural and urban areas.
            ``(6) A description of funding provided to Indian tribes 
        under this Act, or under the Tribal Law and Order Act of 2010 
        (Public Law 111-211; 124 Stat. 2261), including direct Federal 
        grants and funding provided to Indian tribes through a State or 
        unit of local government.
            ``(7) An analysis and evaluation of the internal controls 
        at the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention to 
        determine if grantees are following the requirements of the 
        Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention grant 
        programs and what remedial action the Office of Juvenile 
        Justice and Delinquency Prevention has taken to recover any 
        grant funds that are expended in violation of the grant 
        programs, including instances in which--
                    ``(A) supporting documentation was not provided for 
                cost reports;
                    ``(B) unauthorized expenditures occurred; or
                    ``(C) subrecipients of grant funds were not 
                compliant with program requirements.
            ``(8) An analysis and evaluation of the total amount of 
        payments made to grantees that the Office of Juvenile Justice 
        and Delinquency Prevention recouped from grantees that were 
        found to be in violation of policies and procedures of the 
        Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention grant 
        programs, including--
                    ``(A) the full name and location of the grantee;
                    ``(B) the violation of the program found;
                    ``(C) the amount of funds sought to be recouped by 
                the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency 
                Prevention; and
                    ``(D) the actual amount recouped by the Office of 
                Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention.''.

SEC. 204. ALLOCATION OF FUNDS.

    (a) Technical Assistance.--Section 221(b)(1) of the Juvenile 
Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5631(b)(1)) 
is amended by striking ``2 percent'' and inserting ``5 percent''.
    (b) Other Allocations.--Section 222 of the Juvenile Justice and 
Delinquency Prevention Act of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5632) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a)--
                    (A) in paragraph (1), by striking ``age eighteen'' 
                and inserting ``18 years of age, based on the most 
                recent census''; and
                    (B) by striking paragraphs (2) and (3) and 
                inserting the following:
            ``(2)(A) If the aggregate amount appropriated for a fiscal 
        year to carry out this title is less than $75,000,000, then--
                    ``(i) the amount allocated to each State other than 
                a State described in clause (ii) for that fiscal year 
                shall be not less than $400,000; and
                    ``(ii) the amount allocated to the Virgin Islands 
                of the United States, Guam, American Samoa, and the 
                Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands for that 
                fiscal year shall be not less than $75,000.
            ``(B) If the aggregate amount appropriated for a fiscal 
        year to carry out this title is not less than $75,000,000, 
        then--
                    ``(i) the amount allocated to each State other than 
                a State described in clause (ii) for that fiscal year 
                shall be not less than $600,000; and
                    ``(ii) the amount allocated to the Virgin Islands 
                of the United States, Guam, American Samoa, and the 
                Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands for that 
                fiscal year shall be not less than $100,000.'';
            (2) by redesignating subsections (c) and (d) as subsections 
        (d) and (e), respectively;
            (3) by inserting after subsection (b) the following:
    ``(c)(1) If any amount allocated under subsection (a) is withheld 
from a State due to noncompliance with the core requirements, the funds 
shall be reallocated for an improvement grant designed to assist the 
State in achieving compliance with the core requirements.
    ``(2) The Administrator shall condition a grant described in 
paragraph (1) on the State--
            ``(A) with the approval of the Administrator, developing 
        specific action steps designed to restore compliance with the 
        core requirements; and
            ``(B) semiannually submitting to the Administrator a report 
        on progress toward implementing the specific action steps 
        developed under subparagraph (A).
    ``(3) The Administrator shall provide appropriate and effective 
technical assistance directly or through an agreement with a contractor 
to assist a State receiving an improvement grant described in paragraph 
(1) in achieving compliance with the core requirements.'';
            (4) in subsection (d), as redesignated, by striking 
        ``efficient administration, including monitoring, evaluation, 
        and one full-time staff position'' and inserting ``effective 
        and efficient administration, including the designation of not 
        less than 1 person to coordinate efforts to achieve and sustain 
        compliance with the core requirements''; and
            (5) in subsection (e), as redesignated, by striking ``5 per 
        centum of the minimum'' and inserting ``not more than 5 percent 
        of the''.

SEC. 205. STATE PLANS.

    Section 223 of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act 
of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5633) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a)--
                    (A) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), by 
                striking ``and shall describe the status of compliance 
                with State plan requirements'' and inserting ``and 
                shall describe how the State plan is supported by or 
                takes account of scientific knowledge regarding 
                adolescent development and behavior and regarding the 
                effects of delinquency prevention programs and juvenile 
                justice interventions on adolescents. Not later than 45 
                days after the date on which a plan or amended plan 
                submitted under this subsection is finalized, a State 
                shall make the plan or amended plan publicly available 
                by posting the plan or amended plan on the State's 
                publicly available website.'';
                    (B) in paragraph (3)--
                            (i) in subparagraph (A)--
                                    (I) in clause (i), by inserting 
                                ``adolescent development,'' after 
                                ``concerning'';
                                    (II) in clause (ii)--
                                            (aa) in subclause (II), by 
                                        striking ``counsel for children 
                                        and youth'' and inserting 
                                        ``publicly supported court-
                                        appointed legal counsel for 
                                        children and youth charged in 
                                        delinquency matters'';
                                            (bb) in subclause (III), by 
                                        striking ``mental health, 
                                        education, special education'' 
                                        and inserting ``children's 
                                        mental health, education, child 
                                        and adolescent substance abuse, 
                                        special education, services for 
                                        youth with disabilities'';
                                            (cc) in subclause (V), by 
                                        striking ``delinquents or 
                                        potential delinquents'' and 
                                        inserting ``delinquent youth or 
                                        youth at risk of delinquency'';
                                            (dd) in subclause (VI), by 
                                        striking ``youth workers 
                                        involved with'' and inserting 
                                        ``representatives of'';
                                            (ee) in subclause (VII), by 
                                        striking ``and'' at the end;
                                            (ff) by striking subclause 
                                        (VIII) and inserting the 
                                        following: and
                                    ``(VIII) persons with expertise and 
                                competence in preventing and addressing 
                                mental health and substance abuse needs 
                                in juvenile delinquents and those at-
                                risk of delinquency; and
                                    ``(IX) representatives of victim or 
                                witness advocacy groups;'';
                                    (III) in clause (iii), by striking 
                                ``a majority of which'' and inserting 
                                ``at least 6'';
                                    (IV) in clause (iv)--
                                            (aa) by striking ``one 
                                        fifth of which'' and inserting 
                                        ``3''; and
                                            (bb) by striking ``24 at 
                                        the time of appointment'' and 
                                        inserting ``28 at the time of 
                                        initial appointment'';
                            (ii) in subparagraph (D)(ii)--
                                    (I) by striking ``at least 
                                annually'' and inserting ``at least 
                                every 2 years''; and
                                    (II) by striking ``requirements of 
                                paragraphs (11), (12), and (13)'' and 
                                inserting ``core requirements''; and
                            (iii) in subparagraph (E)(i), by adding 
                        ``and'' at the end;
                    (C) in paragraph (5)--
                            (i) in the matter preceding subparagraph 
                        (A), by striking ``section 222(d)'' and 
                        inserting ``section 222(e)''; and
                            (ii) in subparagraph (C), by striking 
                        ``Indian tribes'' and all that follows through 
                        ``applicable to the detention and confinement 
                        of juveniles'' and inserting ``Indian tribes 
                        that agree to attempt to comply with the core 
                        requirements applicable to the detention and 
                        confinement of juveniles'';
                    (D) in paragraph (7)--
                            (i) in subparagraph (A), by striking 
                        ``performs law enforcement functions'' and 
                        inserting ``has jurisdiction''; and
                            (ii) in subparagraph (B)--
                                    (I) in clause (iii), by striking 
                                ``and'' at the end; and
                                    (II) by striking clause (iv) and 
                                inserting the following:
                            ``(iv) a plan to provide alternatives to 
                        detention, including specialized or problem-
                        solving courts or diversion to home-based or 
                        community-based services that are culturally 
                        and linguistically competent or treatment for 
                        those youth in need of mental health, substance 
                        abuse, or co-occurring disorder services at the 
                        time such juveniles first come into contact 
                        with the juvenile justice system;
                            ``(v) a plan to reduce the number of 
                        children housed in secure detention and 
                        corrections facilities who are awaiting 
                        placement in residential treatment programs;
                            ``(vi) a plan to engage family members, 
                        where appropriate, in the design and delivery 
                        of juvenile delinquency prevention and 
                        treatment services, particularly post-
                        placement;
                            ``(vii) a plan to use community-based 
                        services to address the needs of at-risk youth 
                        or youth who have come into contact with the 
                        juvenile justice system; and
                            ``(viii) a plan to promote evidence-based 
                        and trauma-informed programs and practices.'';
                    (E) in paragraph (8), by striking ``existing'' and 
                inserting ``evidence-based and promising'';
                    (F) in paragraph (9)--
                            (i) in the matter preceding subparagraph 
                        (A) by striking ``section 222(d)'' and 
                        inserting ``section 222(e)'';
                            (ii) in subparagraph (A)(i), by inserting 
                        ``status offenders and other'' before ``youth 
                        who need'';
                            (iii) in subparagraph (B)(i)--
                                    (I) by striking ``parents and other 
                                family members'' and inserting ``status 
                                offenders, other youth, and the parents 
                                and other family members of such 
                                offenders and youth''; and
                                    (II) by striking ``be retained'' 
                                and inserting ``remain'';
                            (iv) by redesignating subparagraphs (G) 
                        through (S) as subparagraphs (H) through (T), 
                        respectively;
                            (v) in subparagraph (F), in the matter 
                        preceding clause (i), by striking ``expanding'' 
                        and inserting ``programs to expand'';
                            (vi) by inserting after subparagraph (F), 
                        the following:
                    ``(G) expanding access to publicly supported, 
                court-appointed legal counsel and enhancing capacity 
                for the competent representation of every child;'';
                            (vii) in subparagraph (M), as so 
                        redesignated--
                                    (I) in clause (i), by striking 
                                ``restraints'' and inserting 
                                ``alternatives''; and
                                    (II) in clause (ii)--
                                            (aa) by striking ``by the 
                                        provision by the 
                                        Administrator''; and
                                            (bb) by striking ``to 
                                        States'';
                            (viii) in subparagraph (S), as so 
                        redesignated, by striking the ``and'' at the 
                        end;
                            (ix) in subparagraph (T), as so 
                        redesignated--
                                    (I) by striking ``suspected to 
                                be'';
                                    (II) by striking ``and discharge 
                                plans'' and inserting ``provision of 
                                treatment, and development of discharge 
                                plans''; and
                                    (III) by striking the period at the 
                                end and inserting a semicolon; and
                            (x) by inserting after subparagraph (T) the 
                        following:
                    ``(U) programs and projects designed to inform 
                juveniles of the opportunity and process for expunging 
                juvenile records and to assist juveniles in pursuing 
                juvenile record expungements for both adjudications and 
                arrests not followed by adjudications;
                    ``(V) programs that address the needs of girls in 
                or at risk of entering the juvenile justice system, 
                including young mothers, survivors of commercial sexual 
                exploitation or domestic child sex trafficking, girls 
                with disabilities, and girls of color, including girls 
                who are members of an Indian tribe and;
                    ``(W) monitoring for compliance with the core 
                requirements and providing training and technical 
                assistance on the core requirements to secure 
                facilities.'';
                    (G) in paragraph (11)--
                            (i) in subparagraph (A)--
                                    (I) in the matter preceding clause 
                                (i), by inserting ``and individuals 
                                under 18 years of age who are charged 
                                with or who have committed an offense 
                                of purchase or possession of any 
                                alcoholic beverage'' after ``by an 
                                adult''; and
                                    (II) in the matter following clause 
                                (iii), by striking ``and'' at the end;
                            (ii) in subparagraph (B), by adding ``and'' 
                        at the end; and
                            (iii) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(C) encourage the use of community-based 
                alternatives to secure detention, including programs of 
                public and nonprofit entities receiving a grant under 
                part A of title III;'';
                    (H) in paragraph (12)(A), by striking ``contact'' 
                and inserting ``sight or sound contact'';
                    (I) in paragraph (13)--
                            (i) in the matter preceding subparagraph 
                        (A)--
                                    (I) by striking ``detained or''; 
                                and
                                    (II) by inserting ``or securely 
                                detained in any facility or building 
                                that contains a jail or lock-up for 
                                adult inmates'' after ``lockup for 
                                adults''; and
                            (ii) by striking ``contact'' each place it 
                        appears and inserting ``sight or sound 
                        contact'';
                    (J) by striking paragraphs (22) and (27);
                    (K) by redesignating paragraphs (23) through (26) 
                as paragraphs (24) through (27), respectively;
                    (L) by redesignating paragraphs (14) through (21) 
                as paragraphs (16) through (23), respectively;
                    (M) by inserting after paragraph (13) the 
                following:
            ``(14) require that--
                    ``(A) not later than 3 years after the date of 
                enactment of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency 
                Prevention Reauthorization Act of 2015, unless a court 
                finds, after a hearing and in writing, that it is in 
                the interest of justice, juveniles awaiting trial or 
                other legal process who are treated as adults for 
                purposes of prosecution in criminal court and housed in 
                a secure facility--
                            ``(i) shall not have sight or sound contact 
                        with adult inmates; and
                            ``(ii) except as provided in paragraph 
                        (13), may not be held in any jail or lockup for 
                        adults;
                    ``(B) in determining under subparagraph (A) whether 
                it is in the interest of justice to permit a juvenile 
                to be held in any jail or lockup for adults, or have 
                sight or sound contact with adult inmates, a court 
                shall consider--
                            ``(i) the age of the juvenile;
                            ``(ii) the physical and mental maturity of 
                        the juvenile;
                            ``(iii) the present mental state of the 
                        juvenile, including whether the juvenile 
                        presents an imminent risk of harm to the 
                        juvenile;
                            ``(iv) the nature and circumstances of the 
                        alleged offense;
                            ``(v) the juvenile's history of prior 
                        delinquent acts;
                            ``(vi) the relative ability of the 
                        available adult and juvenile detention 
                        facilities to meet the specific needs of the 
                        juvenile and to protect the public;
                            ``(vii) whether placement in a juvenile 
                        facility will better serve the long-term 
                        interests of the juvenile and be more likely to 
                        prevent recidivism;
                            ``(viii) the availability of programs 
                        designed to treat the juvenile's behavioral 
                        problems; and
                            ``(ix) any other relevant factor; and
                    ``(C) if a court determines under subparagraph (A) 
                that it is in the interest of justice to permit a 
                juvenile to be held in any jail or lockup for adults--
                            ``(i) the court shall hold a hearing not 
                        less frequently than once every 30 days, or in 
                        the case of a rural jurisdiction, not less 
                        frequently than once every 45 days, to review 
                        whether it is still in the interest of justice 
                        to permit the juvenile to be so held or have 
                        such sight or sound contact; and
                            ``(ii) the juvenile shall not be held in 
                        any jail or lockup for adults, or permitted to 
                        have sight or sound contact with adult inmates, 
                        for more than 180 days, unless the court, in 
                        writing, determines there is good cause for an 
                        extension or the juvenile expressly waives this 
                        limitation;
            ``(15) implement policy, practice, and system improvement 
        strategies at the State, territorial, local, and tribal levels, 
        as applicable, to identify and reduce racial and ethnic 
        disparities among youth who come into contact with the juvenile 
        justice system, without establishing or requiring numerical 
        standards or quotas, by--
                    ``(A) establishing or designating existing 
                coordinating bodies, composed of juvenile justice 
                stakeholders, (including representatives of the 
                educational system) at the State, local, or tribal 
                levels, to advise efforts by States, units of local 
                government, and Indian tribes to reduce racial and 
                ethnic disparities;
                    ``(B) identifying and analyzing key decision points 
                in State, local, or tribal juvenile justice systems to 
                determine which points create racial and ethnic 
                disparities among youth who come into contact with the 
                juvenile justice system;
                    ``(C) developing and implementing data collection 
                and analysis systems to identify where racial and 
                ethnic disparities exist in the juvenile justice system 
                and to track and analyze such disparities; and
                    ``(D) developing and implementing a work plan that 
                includes measurable objectives for policy, practice, or 
                other system changes, based on the needs identified in 
                the data collection and analysis under subparagraphs 
                (B) and (C).'';
                    (N) in paragraph (16), as so redesignated--
                            (i) by striking ``adequate system'' and 
                        inserting ``effective system'';
                            (ii) by inserting ``lock-ups,'' after 
                        ``monitoring jails,'';
                            (iii) by inserting ``and'' after 
                        ``detention facilities,'';
                            (iv) by striking ``, and non-secure 
                        facilities'';
                            (v) by striking ``insure'' and inserting 
                        ``ensure'';
                            (vi) by striking ``requirements of 
                        paragraph (11),'' and all that follows through 
                        ``monitoring to the Administrator'' and 
                        inserting ``core requirements are met, and for 
                        annual reporting to the Administrator''; and
                            (vii) by striking ``, in the opinion of the 
                        Administrator,'';
                    (O) in paragraph (17), as so redesignated, by 
                inserting ``ethnicity,'' after ``race,'';
                    (P) in paragraph (24), as so redesignated--
                            (i) in subparagraphs (A), (B), and (C), by 
                        striking ``juvenile'' each place it appears and 
                        inserting ``status offender'';
                            (ii) in subparagraph (B), by striking 
                        ``and'' at the end;
                            (iii) in subparagraph (C)--
                                    (I) in clause (i), by striking 
                                ``and'' at the end;
                                    (II) in clause (ii), by adding 
                                ``and'' at the end; and
                                    (III) by adding at the end the 
                                following:
                            ``(iii) if such court determines the status 
                        offender should be placed in a secure detention 
                        facility or correctional facility for violating 
                        such order--
                                    ``(I) the court shall issue a 
                                written order that--
                                            ``(aa) identifies the valid 
                                        court order that has been 
                                        violated;
                                            ``(bb) specifies the 
                                        factual basis for determining 
                                        that there is reasonable cause 
                                        to believe that the status 
                                        offender has violated such 
                                        order;
                                            ``(cc) includes findings of 
                                        fact to support a determination 
                                        that there is no appropriate 
                                        less restrictive alternative 
                                        available to placing the status 
                                        offender in such a facility, 
                                        with due consideration to the 
                                        best interest of the juvenile;
                                            ``(dd) specifies the length 
                                        of time, not to exceed 7 days, 
                                        that the status offender may 
                                        remain in a secure detention 
                                        facility or correctional 
                                        facility, and includes a plan 
                                        for the status offender's 
                                        release from such facility; and
                                            ``(ee) may not be renewed 
                                        or extended; and
                                    ``(II) the court may not issue a 
                                second or subsequent order described in 
                                subclause (I) relating to a status 
                                offender, unless the status offender 
                                violates a valid court order after the 
                                date on which the court issues an order 
                                described in subclause (I);''; and
                            (iv) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(D) there are procedures in place to ensure that 
                any status offender held in a secure detention facility 
                or correctional facility pursuant to a court order 
                described in this paragraph does not remain in custody 
                longer than 7 days or the length of time authorized by 
                the court, whichever is shorter; and
                    ``(E) not later than 3 years after the date of 
                enactment of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency 
                Prevention Reauthorization Act of 2015 with a 1-year 
                extension for each additional year that the State can 
                demonstrate hardship as determined by the 
                Administrator, the State will eliminate the use of 
                valid court orders to provide secure confinement of 
                status offenders;'';
                    (Q) in paragraph (26), as so redesignated, by 
                striking ``section 222(d)'' and inserting ``section 
                222(e)'';
                    (R) in paragraph (27), as so redesignated--
                            (i) by inserting ``and in accordance with 
                        confidentiality concerns,'' after ``maximum 
                        extent practicable,''; and
                            (ii) by striking the semicolon at the end 
                        and inserting the following: ``, so as to 
                        provide for--
                    ``(A) a compilation of data reflecting information 
                on juveniles entering the juvenile justice system with 
                a prior reported history as victims of child abuse or 
                neglect through arrest, court intake, probation and 
                parole, juvenile detention, and corrections; and
                    ``(B) a plan to use the data described in 
                subparagraph (A) to provide necessary services for the 
                treatment of victims of child abuse and neglect who 
                have entered, or are at risk of entering, the juvenile 
                justice system;'';
                    (S) in paragraph (28), by striking the period at 
                the end and inserting a semicolon; and
                    (T) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(29) provide for the coordinated use of funds provided 
        under this Act with other Federal and State funds directed at 
        juvenile delinquency prevention and intervention programs;
            ``(30) develop policies and procedures, and provide 
        training for facility staff to eliminate the use of dangerous 
        practices, unreasonable restraints, and unreasonable isolation, 
        including by developing effective behavior management 
        techniques;
            ``(31) describe--
                    ``(A) the evidence-based methods that will be used 
                to conduct mental health and substance abuse screening, 
                assessment, referral, and treatment for juveniles who--
                            ``(i) request a screening;
                            ``(ii) show signs of needing a screening; 
                        or
                            ``(iii) are held for a period of more than 
                        24 hours in a secure facility that provides for 
                        an initial screening;
                    ``(B) the method to be used by the State to provide 
                or arrange for mental health and substance abuse 
                disorder treatment for juveniles determined to be in 
                need of such treatment; and
                    ``(C) the policies of the State designed to develop 
                and implement comprehensive collaborative State or 
                local plans to meet the service needs of juveniles with 
                mental health or substance abuse needs who come into 
                contact with the justice system and the families of the 
                juveniles, including recognizing trauma histories of 
                juveniles and providing trauma-informed care;
            ``(32) describe reentry planning at the State level for 
        juveniles, including--
                    ``(A) elements of written case plans for juveniles, 
                including if the plan is based on an assessment of the 
                needs of the juvenile and developed and updated in 
                consultation with the juvenile, the family of the 
                juvenile, and, if appropriate, counsel for the 
                juvenile; and
                    ``(B) the hearing and review processes; and
            ``(33) provide that the agency of the State receiving funds 
        under this Act collaborate with the State educational agency 
        receiving assistance under part A of title I of the Elementary 
        and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 6311 et seq.) to 
        develop and implement a plan to ensure that, in order to 
        support educational progress--
                    ``(A) the student records of adjudicated juveniles, 
                including electronic records if available, are 
                transferred in a timely manner from the educational 
                program in the juvenile detention or secure treatment 
                facility to the educational or training program into 
                which the juveniles will enroll;
                    ``(B) the credits of adjudicated juveniles are 
                transferred; and
                    ``(C) adjudicated juveniles receive full or partial 
                credit toward high school graduation for secondary 
                school coursework satisfactorily completed before and 
                during the period of time during which the juveniles 
                are held in custody, regardless of the local 
                educational agency or entity from which the credits 
                were earned; and
            ``(34) provide a description of the use by the State of 
        funds for reentry and aftercare services for juveniles released 
        from the juvenile justice system.'';
            (2) in subsection (d)--
                    (A) by striking ``section 222(d)'' and inserting 
                ``section 222(e)'';
                    (B) by striking ``described in paragraphs (11), 
                (12), (13), and (22) of subsection (a)'' and inserting 
                ``described in the core requirements''; and
                    (C) by striking ``the requirements under paragraphs 
                (11), (12), (13), and (22) of subsection (a)'' and 
                inserting ``the core requirements'';
            (3) in subsection (f)(2)--
                    (A) by striking subparagraph (A); and
                    (B) by redesignating subparagraphs (B) through (E) 
                and subparagraphs (A) through (D); and
            (4) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(g) Compliance Determination.--
            ``(1) In general.--Not later than 60 days after the date of 
        receipt of information indicating that a State may be out of 
        compliance with any of the core requirements, the Administrator 
        shall determine whether the State is in compliance with the 
        core requirements.
            ``(2) Reporting.--The Administrator shall--
                    ``(A) issue an annual public report--
                            ``(i) describing any determination 
                        described in paragraph (1) made during the 
                        previous year, including a summary of the 
                        information on which the determination is based 
                        and the actions to be taken by the 
                        Administrator (including a description of any 
                        reduction imposed under subsection (c)); and
                            ``(ii) for any such determination that a 
                        State is out of compliance with any of the core 
                        requirements, describing the basis for the 
                        determination; and
                    ``(B) make the report described in subparagraph (A) 
                available on a publicly available website.''.

SEC. 206. REALLOCATION OF GRANT FUNDS.

    Section 223(c) of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention 
Act of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5633(c)) is amended to read as follows:
    ``(c)(1) If a State fails to comply with any of the core 
requirements in any fiscal year--
            ``(A) subject to subparagraph (B), the amount allocated to 
        such State under section 222 for that fiscal year shall be 
        reduced by not less than 20 percent for each core requirement 
        with respect to which the failure occurs; and
            ``(B) the State shall be ineligible to receive any 
        allocation under such section for such fiscal year unless--
                    ``(i) the State agrees to expend 50 percent of the 
                amount allocated to the State for such fiscal year to 
                achieve compliance with any such paragraph with respect 
                to which the State is in noncompliance; or
                    ``(ii) the Administrator determines that the 
                State--
                            ``(I) has achieved substantial compliance 
                        with such applicable requirements with respect 
                        to which the State was not in compliance; and
                            ``(II) has made, through appropriate 
                        executive, administrative, or legislative 
                        action, an unequivocal commitment to achieving 
                        full compliance with such applicable 
                        requirements within a reasonable time.
    ``(2) Of the total amount of funds not allocated for a fiscal year 
under paragraph (1)--
            ``(A) 50 percent of the unallocated funds shall be 
        reallocated under section 222 to States that have not failed to 
        comply with the core requirements; and
            ``(B) 50 percent of the unallocated funds shall be used by 
        the Administrator to provide additional training and technical 
        assistance to States relating to compliance with the core 
        requirements.''.

SEC. 207. AUTHORITY TO MAKE GRANTS.

    Section 241(a) of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention 
Act of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5651(a)) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (1), by inserting ``status offenders,'' 
        before ``juvenile offenders, and juveniles'';
            (2) in paragraph (5), by striking ``juvenile offenders and 
        juveniles'' and inserting ``status offenders, juvenile 
        offenders, and juveniles'';
            (3) in paragraph (10), by inserting ``, including juveniles 
        with disabilities'' before the semicolon; and
            (4) in paragraph (17), by inserting ``truancy prevention 
        and reduction,'' after ``mentoring,''.

SEC. 208. ELIGIBILITY OF STATES.

    Section 243(a)(1)(A) of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency 
Prevention Act of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5653(a)(1)(A)) is amended by striking 
``5'' and inserting ``10''.

SEC. 209. GRANTS TO INDIAN TRIBES.

    (a) In General.--Section 246(a)(2) of the Juvenile Justice and 
Delinquency Prevention Act of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5656(a)(2)) is amended--
            (1) by striking subparagraph (A);
            (2) by redesignating subparagraphs (B) through (E) as 
        subparagraphs (A) through (D), respectively; and
            (3) in subparagraph (B)(ii), as redesignated, by striking 
        ``subparagraph (B)'' and inserting ``subparagraph (A)''.
    (b) Technical and Conforming Amendment.--Section 223(a)(7)(A) of 
the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 
5633(a)(7)(A)) is amended by striking ``(including any geographical 
area in which an Indian tribe performs law enforcement functions)'' and 
inserting ``(including any geographical area of which an Indian tribe 
has jurisdiction)''.

SEC. 210. RESEARCH AND EVALUATION; STATISTICAL ANALYSES; INFORMATION 
              DISSEMINATION.

    Section 251 of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act 
of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5661) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a)--
                    (A) in paragraph (1)--
                            (i) in the matter proceeding subparagraph 
                        (A), by striking ``may'' and inserting 
                        ``shall'';
                            (ii) in subparagraph (A), by striking 
                        ``plan and identify'' and inserting ``annually 
                        publish a plan to identify''; and
                            (iii) in subparagraph (B)--
                                    (I) by striking clause (iii) and 
                                inserting the following:
                            ``(iii) successful efforts to prevent 
                        status offenders and first-time minor offenders 
                        from subsequent involvement with the criminal 
                        justice system;'';
                                    (II) by striking clause (vii) and 
                                inserting the following:
                            ``(vii) the prevalence and duration of 
                        behavioral health needs (including mental 
                        health, substance abuse, and co-occurring 
                        disorders) among juveniles pre-placement and 
                        post-placement when held in the custody of 
                        secure detention and corrections facilities, 
                        including an examination of the effects of 
                        confinement;'';
                                    (III) by redesignating clauses 
                                (ix), (x), and (xi) as clauses (xi), 
                                (xii), and (xiii), respectively; and
                                    (IV) by inserting after clause 
                                (viii) the following:
                            ``(ix) training efforts and reforms that 
                        have produced reductions in or elimination of 
                        the use of dangerous practices;
                            ``(x) methods to improve the recruitment, 
                        selection, training, and retention of 
                        professional personnel in the fields of 
                        medicine, law enforcement, the judiciary, 
                        juvenile justice, social work and child 
                        protection, education, and other relevant 
                        fields who are engaged in, or intend to work 
                        in, the field of prevention, identification, 
                        and treatment of delinquency;''; and
                    (B) in paragraph (4)--
                            (i) in the matter preceding subparagraph 
                        (A), by striking ``date of enactment of this 
                        paragraph, the'' and inserting ``date of 
                        enactment of the Juvenile Justice and 
                        Delinquency Prevention Reauthorization Act of 
                        2015, the'';
                            (ii) in subparagraph (F), by striking 
                        ``and'' at the end;
                            (iii) in subparagraph (G), by striking the 
                        period at the end and inserting a semicolon; 
                        and
                            (iv) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(H) a description of the best practices in 
                discharge planning; and
                    ``(I) an assessment of living arrangements for 
                juveniles who cannot return to the homes of the 
                juveniles.'';
            (2) in subsection (b), in the matter preceding paragraph 
        (1), by striking ``may'' and inserting ``shall''; and
            (3) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(f) National Recidivism Measure.--The Administrator, in 
consultation with experts in the field of juvenile justice research, 
recidivism, and data collection, shall--
            ``(1) establish a uniform method of data collection and 
        technology that States may use to evaluate data on juvenile 
        recidivism on an annual basis;
            ``(2) establish a common national juvenile recidivism 
        measurement system; and
            ``(3) make cumulative juvenile recidivism data that is 
        collected from States available to the public.''.

SEC. 211. TRAINING AND TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE.

    Section 252 of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act 
of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5662) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a)--
                    (A) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), by 
                striking ``may'';
                    (B) in paragraph (1), by inserting ``shall'' before 
                ``develop and carry out projects''; and
                    (C) in paragraph (2), by inserting ``may'' before 
                ``make grants to and contracts with'';
            (2) in subsection (b)--
                    (A) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), by 
                striking ``may'';
                    (B) in paragraph (1)--
                            (i) by inserting ``shall'' before ``develop 
                        and implement projects'';
                            (ii) by inserting ``, including compliance 
                        with the core requirements'' after ``this 
                        title''; and
                            (iii) by striking ``and'' at the end;
                    (C) in paragraph (2)--
                            (i) by inserting ``may'' before ``make 
                        grants to and contracts with''; and
                            (ii) by striking the period at the end and 
                        inserting ``; and''; and
                    (D) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(3) shall, upon request, provide technical assistance to 
        States and units of local government on achieving compliance 
        with the amendments made by the Juvenile Justice and 
        Delinquency Prevention Reauthorization Act of 2015; and
            ``(4) shall provide technical assistance to States in 
        support of efforts to establish partnerships between a State 
        and a university, institution of higher education, or research 
        center designed to improve the recruitment, selection, 
        training, and retention of professional personnel in the fields 
        of medicine, law enforcement, the judiciary, juvenile justice, 
        social work and child protection, education, and other relevant 
        fields who are engaged in, or intend to work in, the field of 
        prevention, identification, and treatment of delinquency.''; 
        and
            (3) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(d) Technical Assistance to States Regarding Legal Representation 
of Children.--In consultation with the American Bar Association 
(commonly known as the `ABA') and experts in the field of juvenile 
defense, the Administrator shall--
            ``(1) develop and issue standards of practice for attorneys 
        representing children; and
            ``(2) ensure that the standards issued under paragraph (1) 
        are adapted for use in States.
    ``(e) Training and Technical Assistance for Local and State 
Juvenile Detention and Corrections Personnel.--The Administrator shall 
coordinate training and technical assistance programs with juvenile 
detention and corrections personnel of States and units of local 
government to--
            ``(1) promote methods for improving conditions of juvenile 
        confinement, including methods that are designed to minimize 
        the use of dangerous practices, unreasonable restraints, and 
        isolation; and
            ``(2) encourage alternative behavior management techniques 
        based on positive youth development approaches.
    ``(f) Training and Technical Assistance To Support Mental Health or 
Substance Abuse Treatment Including Home-Based or Community-Based 
Care.--The Administrator shall provide training and technical 
assistance, in conjunction with the appropriate public agencies, to 
individuals involved in making decisions regarding the disposition and 
management of cases for youth who enter the juvenile justice system 
about the appropriate services and placement for youth with mental 
health or substance abuse needs, including--
            ``(1) juvenile justice intake personnel;
            ``(2) probation officers;
            ``(3) juvenile court judges and court services personnel;
            ``(4) prosecutors and court-appointed counsel; and
            ``(5) family members of juveniles and family advocates.
    ``(g) Grants for Juvenile Court Judges and Personnel.--The Attorney 
General, acting through the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency 
Prevention and the Office of Justice Programs, shall make grants to 
improve training, education, technical assistance, evaluation, and 
research to enhance the capacity of State and local courts, judges, and 
related judicial personnel to--
            ``(1) improve the lives of children currently involved in 
        or at risk of being involved in the juvenile court system; and
            ``(2) carry out the requirements of this Act.
    ``(h) Free and Reduced Price School Lunches for Incarcerated 
Juveniles.--The Attorney General, in consultation with the Secretary of 
Agriculture, shall provide guidance to States relating to options for 
school food authorities in the States to apply for reimbursement for 
free or reduced price lunches under the Richard B. Russell National 
School Lunch Act (42 U.S.C. 1751 et seq.) for juveniles who are 
incarcerated and would, if not incarcerated, be eligible for free or 
reduced price lunches under that Act.''.

SEC. 212. ADMINISTRATIVE AUTHORITY.

    Section 299A(e) of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention 
Act of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5672(e)) is amended by striking ``requirements 
described in paragraphs (11), (12), and (13) of section 223(a)'' and 
inserting ``core requirements''.

SEC. 213. TECHNICAL AND CONFORMING AMENDMENTS.

    The Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 1974 (42 
U.S.C. 5601 et seq.) is amended--
            (1) in section 204(b)(6) (42 U.S.C. 5614(b)(6)), by 
        striking ``section 223(a)(15)'' and inserting ``section 
        223(a)(14)'';
            (2) in subparagraph (C) of section 246(a)(2) (42 U.S.C. 
        5656(a)(2)), as redesignated by section 208, by striking 
        ``section 222(c)'' and inserting ``section 222(d)''; and
            (3) in section 299D(b) (42 U.S.C. 5675(b)), by striking 
        ``section 222(c)'' and inserting ``section 222(d)''.

 TITLE III--INCENTIVE GRANTS FOR LOCAL DELINQUENCY PREVENTION PROGRAMS

SEC. 301. DEFINITIONS.

    Section 502 of the Incentive Grants for Local Delinquency 
Prevention Programs Act of 2002 (42 U.S.C. 5781) is amended--
            (1) in the section heading, by striking ``Definition'' and 
        inserting ``Definitions''; and
            (2) by striking ``this title, the term'' and inserting the 
        following: ``this title--
            ``(1) the term `mentoring' means matching 1 adult with 1 or 
        more youths (not to exceed 4 youths) for the purpose of 
        providing guidance, support, and encouragement aimed at 
        developing the character of the youths, where the adult and 
        youths meet regularly for not less than 4 hours each month for 
        not less than a 9-month period; and
            ``(2) the term''.

SEC. 302. GRANTS FOR DELINQUENCY PREVENTION PROGRAMS.

    Section 504(a) of the Incentive Grants for Local Delinquency 
Prevention Programs Act of 2002 (42 U.S.C. 5783(a)) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (7), by striking ``and'' at the end;
            (2) in paragraph (8), by striking the period at the end and 
        inserting ``; and''; and
            (3) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(9) mentoring programs.''.

SEC. 303. TECHNICAL AND CONFORMING AMENDMENT.

    The Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 1974 is 
amended by striking title V, as added by the Juvenile Justice and 
Delinquency Prevention Act of 1974 (Public Law 93-415; 88 Stat. 1133) 
(relating to miscellaneous and conforming amendments).

                   TITLE IV--MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS

SEC. 401. EVALUATION BY GOVERNMENT ACCOUNTABILITY OFFICE.

    (a) Evaluation.--Not later than October 1, 2015, the Comptroller 
General of the United States shall--
            (1) conduct a comprehensive analysis and evaluation 
        regarding the performance of the Office of Juvenile Justice 
        Delinquency and Prevention (referred to in this section as 
        ``the agency''), its functions, its programs, and its grants;
            (2) conduct a comprehensive audit and evaluation of a 
        selected, statistically significant sample of grantees (as 
        determined by the Comptroller General) that receive Federal 
        funds under grant programs administered by the Office of 
        Juvenile Justice Delinquency and Prevention including a review 
        of internal controls to prevent fraud, waste, and abuse of 
        funds by grantees; and
            (3) submit a report in accordance with subsection (d).
    (b) Considerations for Evaluation.--In conducting the analysis and 
evaluation under subsection (a)(1), and in order to document the 
efficiency and public benefit of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency 
Prevention Act of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5601 et seq.), excluding the Runaway 
and Homeless Youth Act (42 U.S.C. 5701 et seq.) and the Missing 
Children's Assistance Act (42 U.S.C. 5771 et seq.), the Comptroller 
General shall take into consideration--
            (1) the extent to which the jurisdiction of, and the 
        programs administered by, the agency duplicate or conflict with 
        the jurisdiction and programs of other agencies;
            (2) the potential benefits of consolidating programs 
        administered by the agency with similar or duplicative programs 
        of other agencies, and the potential for consolidating those 
        programs;
            (3) whether present functions or operations are impeded or 
        enhanced by existing statutes, rules, and procedures;
            (4) the number and types of beneficiaries or persons served 
        by programs carried out by the agency;
            (5) the manner with which the agency seeks public input and 
        input from State and local governments on the performance of 
        the functions of the agency;
            (6) the extent to which the agency complies with section 
        552 of title 5, United States Code (commonly known as the 
        Freedom of Information Act);
            (7) whether greater oversight is needed of programs 
        developed with grants made by the agency; and
            (8) the extent to which changes are necessary in the 
        authorizing statutes of the agency in order for the functions 
        of the agency to be performed in a more efficient and effective 
        manner.
    (c) Considerations for Audits.--In conducting the audit and 
evaluation under subsection (a)(2), and in order to document the 
efficiency and public benefit of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency 
Prevention Act of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5601 et seq.), excluding the Runaway 
and Homeless Youth Act (42 U.S.C. 5701 et seq.) and the Missing 
Children's Assistance Act (42 U.S.C. 5771 et seq.), the Comptroller 
General shall take into consideration--
            (1) whether grantees timely file Financial Status Reports;
            (2) whether grantees have sufficient internal controls to 
        ensure adequate oversight of grant fund received;
            (3) whether disbursements were accompanied with adequate 
        supporting documentation (including invoices and receipts);
            (4) whether expenditures were authorized;
            (5) whether subrecipients of grant funds were complying 
        with program requirements;
            (6) whether salaries and fringe benefits of personnel were 
        adequately supported by documentation;
            (7) whether contracts were bid in accordance with program 
        guidelines; and
            (8) whether grant funds were spent in accordance with 
        program goals and guidelines.
    (d) Report.--
            (1) In general.--The Comptroller General of the United 
        States shall submit a report regarding the evaluation conducted 
        under subsection (a) and audit under subsection (b), together 
        with supporting materials, to the Speaker of the House of 
        Representatives and the President pro tempore of the Senate, 
        and be made available to the public, not later than October 1, 
        2011.
            (2) Contents.--The report submitted in accordance with 
        paragraph (1) shall include all audit findings determined by 
        the selected, statistically significant sample of grantees as 
        required by subsection (a)(2) and shall include the name and 
        location of any selected grantee as well as any findings 
        required by subsection (a)(2).

SEC. 402. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

    (a) In General.--The Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention 
Act of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5601 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end 
the following:

    ``TITLE VI--AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS; ACCOUNTABILITY AND 
                               OVERSIGHT

``SEC. 601. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

    ``(a) In General.--There are authorized to be appropriated to carry 
out this Act--
            ``(1) $159,000,000 for fiscal year 2016;
            ``(2) $162,180,000 for fiscal year 2017;
            ``(3) $165,423,600 for fiscal year 2018;
            ``(4) $168,732,072 for fiscal year 2019; and
            ``(5) $172,106,713 for fiscal year 2020.
    ``(b) Mentoring Programs.--Not more than 20 percent of the amount 
authorized to be appropriated under subsection (a) for a fiscal year 
may be used for mentoring programs.''.
    (b) Technical and Conforming Amendments.--The Juvenile Justice and 
Delinquency Prevention Act of 1974 is amended by striking--
            (1) section 299 (42 U.S.C. 5671);
            (2) section 388 (42 U.S.C. 5751);
            (3) section 408 (42 U.S.C. 5777); and
            (4) section 505 (42 U.S.C. 5784).

SEC. 403. ACCOUNTABILITY AND OVERSIGHT.

    (a) In General.--Title VI of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency 
Prevention Act of 1974, as added by this Act, is amended by adding at 
the end the following:

``SEC. 602. ACCOUNTABILITY AND OVERSIGHT.

    ``(a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that, in 
order to ensure that at-risk youth who come into contact with the 
criminal justice system are treated fairly and the outcome of that 
contact is beneficial to the Nation--
            ``(1) the Department of Justice, through its Office of 
        Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention, must restore 
        meaningful enforcement of the core protections in this Act;
            ``(2) the Attorney General should, not later than 90 days 
        after the date of enactment of this Act, issue a proposed rule 
        to update existing Federal regulations used to make State 
        compliance determinations and provide participating States with 
        technical assistance to develop more effective and 
        comprehensive data collection systems; and
            ``(3) States, which are entrusted with a fiscal stewardship 
        role if they accept funds under this Act, must exercise 
        vigilant oversight to ensure full compliance with the core 
        protections for juveniles provided for in this Act.
    ``(b) Accountability.--
            ``(1) Agency program review.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Not less often than once every 2 
                years, the Administrator shall conduct, for each State 
                and Indian tribe receiving a grant under this Act, a 
                programmatic and financial review of all grants awarded 
                to the State or Indian tribe under this Act in order to 
                prevent waste, fraud, and abuse by grantees.
                    ``(B) Contents.--Each review under subparagraph (A) 
                shall, at a minimum, examine--
                            ``(i) whether the funds awarded were used 
                        in accordance with the law, program guidance, 
                        and any applicable plans; and
                            ``(ii) the extent to which funds awarded 
                        under this Act enhanced the ability of the 
                        grantee to improve its juvenile justice system 
                        and juvenile justice delinquency prevention 
                        programs.
                    ``(C) Authorization of appropriations.--In addition 
                to any other amounts authorized to be appropriated to 
                the Administrator, there are authorized to be 
                appropriated to the Administrator for reviews under 
                this paragraph such sums as are necessary for fiscal 
                year 2016 and each fiscal year thereafter.
            ``(2) Office of inspector general performance audits.--
                    ``(A) In general.--In order to ensure the effective 
                and appropriate use of grants administered under this 
                Act, the Inspector General of the Department of Justice 
                each year shall conduct audits of a sample of States 
                and Indian tribes that receive grants under this Act.
                    ``(B) Determining samples.--The sample selected for 
                audits under subparagraph (A) shall be--
                            ``(i) of an appropriate size to--
                                    ``(I) assess the overall integrity 
                                of the grant programs described in 
                                subparagraph (A); and
                                    ``(II) act as a deterrent to 
                                financial mismanagement; and
                            ``(ii) selected based on--
                                    ``(I) the size of the grants 
                                awarded to the recipient;
                                    ``(II) the past grant management 
                                performance of the recipient;
                                    ``(III) concerns identified by the 
                                Administrator, including referrals from 
                                the Administrator; and
                                    ``(IV) such other factors as 
                                determined by the Inspector General of 
                                the Department of Justice.
                    ``(C) Comprehensive auditing.--During the 5-year 
                period beginning on the date of enactment of this 
                section, the Inspector General of the Department of 
                Justice shall conduct not fewer than 1 audit of each 
                State or Indian tribe that receives a grant under this 
                Act.
                    ``(D) Report by the inspector general.--
                            ``(i) In general.--The Inspector General of 
                        the Department of Justice shall submit to the 
                        appropriate committees of Congress--
                                    ``(I) not later than 90 days after 
                                the date of enactment of this section, 
                                a report on the estimated amount of 
                                grant funds disbursed by the Office of 
                                Juvenile Justice and Delinquency 
                                Prevention since fiscal year 1997 that 
                                did not meet the requirements for 
                                awards of formula grants to States 
                                under this Act; and
                                    ``(II) an annual report on every 
                                audit conducted under this section 
                                during the fiscal year preceding the 
                                report.
                            ``(ii) Contents.--Each report submitted 
                        under clause (i)(II) shall describe, for the 
                        fiscal year preceding the report--
                                    ``(I) the audits conducted under 
                                subparagraph (A);
                                    ``(II) the findings of the 
                                Inspector General with respect to the 
                                audits conducted under subparagraph 
                                (A);
                                    ``(III) whether the funds awarded 
                                under this Act were used in accordance 
                                with law, program guidance, and 
                                applicable plans; and
                                    ``(IV) the extent to which funds 
                                awarded under this Act enhanced the 
                                ability of a grantee to improve its 
                                juvenile justice system and juvenile 
                                justice programs.
                            ``(iii) Deadline.--For each year, the 
                        report required under clause (i)(II) shall be 
                        submitted not later than December 31.
                    ``(E) Public availability on website.--The 
                Inspector General of the Department of Justice shall 
                make each audit conducted under subparagraph (A) 
                available on the website of the Inspector General, 
                subject to redaction as the Inspector General 
                determines necessary to protect classified and other 
                sensitive information.
                    ``(F) Provision of information to administrator.--
                The Inspector General of the Department of Justice 
                shall provide to the Administrator any findings and 
                recommendations from audits conducted under 
                subparagraph (A).
                    ``(G) Evaluation of grants management and 
                oversight.--Not later than 1 year after the date of 
                enactment of this section, the Inspector General of the 
                Department of Justice shall review and evaluate the 
                grants management and oversight practices of the Office 
                of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention, 
                including assessment of and recommendations relating 
                to--
                            ``(i) the skills, resources, and 
                        capabilities of the workforce; and
                            ``(ii) any additional resources and staff 
                        necessary to carry out such management and 
                        oversight.
                    ``(H) Authorization of appropriations.--In addition 
                to any other amounts authorized to be appropriated to 
                the Inspector General of the Department of Justice, 
                there are authorized to be appropriated to the 
                Inspector General of the Department of Justice for 
                audits under subparagraph (A) such sums as are 
                necessary for fiscal year 2016, and each fiscal year 
                thereafter.
                    ``(I) Mandatory exclusion.--A recipient of grant 
                funds under this Act that is found to have an 
                unresolved audit finding shall not be eligible to 
                receive grant funds under this Act during the first 2 
                fiscal years beginning after the 12-month period 
                beginning on the date on which the audit report is 
                issued.
                    ``(J) Priority.--In awarding grants under this Act, 
                the Administrator shall give priority to a State or 
                Indian tribe that did not have an unresolved audit 
                finding during the 3 fiscal years prior to the date on 
                which the eligible entity submits an application for a 
                grant under this Act.
                    ``(K) Reimbursement.--If a State or Indian tribe is 
                awarded grant funds under this Act during the 2-fiscal-
                year period in which the entity is barred from 
                receiving grants under subparagraph (I), the Attorney 
                General shall--
                            ``(i) deposit an amount equal to the amount 
                        of the grant funds that were improperly awarded 
                        to the grantee into the General Fund of the 
                        Treasury; and
                            ``(ii) seek to recoup the costs of the 
                        repayment to the General Fund under clause (i) 
                        from the grantee that was erroneously awarded 
                        grant funds.
                    ``(L) Definition.--In this paragraph, the term 
                `unresolved audit finding'means a finding in the final 
                audit report of the Inspector General--
                            ``(i) that the audited State or Indian 
                        tribe has used grant funds for an unauthorized 
                        expenditure or otherwise unallowable cost; and
                            ``(ii) that is not closed or resolved 
                        during the 12-month period beginning on the 
                        date on which the final audit report is issued.
            ``(3) Nonprofit organization requirements.--
                    ``(A) Definition.--For purposes of this paragraph 
                and the grant programs described in this Act, the term 
                `nonprofit organization' means an organization that is 
                described in section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue 
                Code of 1986 and is exempt from taxation under section 
                501(a) of such Code.
                    ``(B) Prohibition.--The Administrator may not award 
                a grant under any grant program described in this Act 
                to a nonprofit organization that holds money in 
                offshore accounts for the purpose of avoiding paying 
                the tax described in section 511(a) of the Internal 
                Revenue Code of 1986.
                    ``(C) Disclosure.--
                            ``(i) In general.--Each nonprofit 
                        organization that is awarded a grant under a 
                        grant program described in this Act and uses 
                        the procedures prescribed in regulations to 
                        create a rebuttable presumption of 
                        reasonableness for the compensation of its 
                        officers, directors, trustees, and key 
                        employees, shall disclose to the Administrator, 
                        in the application for the grant, the process 
                        for determining such compensation, including--
                                    ``(I) the independent persons 
                                involved in reviewing and approving 
                                such compensation;
                                    ``(II) the comparability data used; 
                                and
                                    ``(III) contemporaneous 
                                substantiation of the deliberation and 
                                decision.
                            ``(ii) Public inspection upon request.--
                        Upon request, the Administrator shall make the 
                        information disclosed under clause (i) 
                        available for public inspection.
            ``(4) Conference expenditures.--
                    ``(A) Limitation.--No amounts authorized to be 
                appropriated to the Department of Justice under this 
                Act may be used by the Attorney General, or by any 
                individual or organization awarded discretionary funds 
                through a cooperative agreement under this Act, to host 
                or support any expenditure for conferences that uses 
                more than $20,000 in funds made available to the 
                Department of Justice, unless the Deputy Attorney 
                General or such Assistant Attorney Generals, Directors, 
                or principal deputies as the Deputy Attorney General 
                may designate, provides prior written authorization 
                that the funds may be expended to host a conference.
                    ``(B) Written approval.--Written approval under 
                subparagraph (A) shall include a written estimate of 
                all costs associated with the conference, including the 
                cost of all food and beverages, audiovisual equipment, 
                honoraria for speakers, and entertainment.
                    ``(C) Report.--The Deputy Attorney General shall 
                submit an annual report to the Committee on the 
                Judiciary of the Senate and the Committee on the 
                Judiciary of the House of Representatives on all 
                conference expenditures approved under this paragraph.
            ``(5) Prohibition on lobbying activity.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Amounts authorized to be 
                appropriated under this Act may not be utilized by any 
                recipient of a grant made using such amounts to--
                            ``(i) lobby any representative of the 
                        Department of Justice regarding the award of 
                        grant funding; or
                            ``(ii) lobby any representative of a 
                        Federal, State, local, or tribal government 
                        regarding the award of grant funding.
                    ``(B) Penalty.--If the Attorney General determines 
                that any recipient of a grant made using amounts 
                authorized to be appropriated under this Act has 
                violated subparagraph (A), the Attorney General shall--
                            ``(i) require the grant recipient to repay 
                        the grant in full; and
                            ``(ii) prohibit the grant recipient from 
                        receiving another grant under this Act for not 
                        less than 5 years.
            ``(6) Annual certification.--Beginning in the first fiscal 
        year beginning after the date of enactment of this section, the 
        Attorney General shall submit, to the Committee on the 
        Judiciary and the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate and 
        the Committee on the Judiciary and the Committee on 
        Appropriations of the House of Representatives, an annual 
        certification that--
                    ``(A) all audits issued by the Office of the 
                Inspector General of the Department of Justice under 
                paragraph (2) have been completed and reviewed by the 
                appropriate Assistant Attorney General or Director;
                    ``(B) all mandatory exclusions required under 
                paragraph (2)(I) have been issued;
                    ``(C) all reimbursements required under paragraph 
                (2)(K)(i) have been made; and
                    ``(D) includes a list of any grant recipients 
                excluded under paragraph (2)(I) during the preceding 
                fiscal year.''.
    (b) Technical and Conforming Amendment.--
            (1) In general.--The Juvenile Justice and Delinquency 
        Prevention Act of 1974 is amended by striking section 407 (42 
        U.S.C. 5776a).
            (2) Effective date.--The amendment made by paragraph (1) 
        shall take effect on the first day of the first fiscal year 
        beginning after the date of enactment of this Act.
            (3) Savings clause.--In the case of an entity that is 
        barred from receiving grant funds under paragraph (2) or 
        (7)(B)(ii) of section 407 of the Juvenile Justice and 
        Delinquency Prevention Act of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5776a), the 
        amendment made by paragraph (1) of this subsection shall not 
        affect the applicability to the entity, or to the Attorney 
        General with respect to the entity, of paragraph (2), (3), or 
        (7) of such section 407, as in effect on the day before the 
        effective date under paragraph (2) of this subsection.

             TITLE V--JUVENILE ACCOUNTABILITY BLOCK GRANTS

SEC. 501. GRANT ELIGIBILITY.

    Section 1802(a) of title I of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe 
Streets Act of 1968 (42 U.S.C. 3796ee-2(a)) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (1), by striking ``and'' at the end;
            (2) in paragraph (2), by striking the period at the end and 
        inserting ``; and''; and
            (3) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(3) assurances that the State agrees to comply with the 
        core requirements, as defined in section 103 of the Juvenile 
        Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 
        5603), applicable to the detention and confinement of 
        juveniles.''.
                                 <all>