[Congressional Bills 114th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[H.R. 1150 Reported in Senate (RS)]

<DOC>





                                                       Calendar No. 705
114th CONGRESS
  2d Session
                                H. R. 1150


_______________________________________________________________________


                   IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES

                              May 17, 2016

Received; read twice and referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations

                            December 7, 2016

               Reported by Mr. Corker, with an amendment
 [Strike out all after the enacting clause and insert the part printed 
                               in italic]

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 AN ACT


 
To amend the International Religious Freedom Act of 1998 to improve the 
  ability of the United States to advance religious freedom globally 
  through enhanced diplomacy, training, counterterrorism, and foreign 
 assistance efforts, and through stronger and more flexible political 
    responses to religious freedom violations and violent extremism 
                   worldwide, and for other purposes.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

<DELETED>SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE AND TABLE OF CONTENTS.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    (a) Short Title.--This Act may be cited as the ``Frank R. 
Wolf International Religious Freedom Act''.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (b) Table of Contents.--The table of contents for this Act 
is as follows:</DELETED>

<DELETED>Sec. 1. Short title and table of contents.
<DELETED>Sec. 2. Findings; Policy.
<DELETED>Sec. 3. Definitions.
            <DELETED>TITLE I--DEPARTMENT OF STATE ACTIVITIES

<DELETED>Sec. 101. Office on International Religious Freedom; 
                            Ambassador at Large for International 
                            Religious Freedom.
<DELETED>Sec. 102. Annual Report on International Religious Freedom.
<DELETED>Sec. 103. Training for Foreign Service officers; report.
<DELETED>Sec. 104. Prisoner lists and issue briefs on religious freedom 
                            concerns.
              <DELETED>TITLE II--NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL

<DELETED>Sec. 201. Special Adviser for International Religious Freedom.
                <DELETED>TITLE III--PRESIDENTIAL ACTIONS

<DELETED>Sec. 301. Non-state actor designations.
<DELETED>Sec. 302. Presidential actions in response to particularly 
                            severe violations of religious freedom.
<DELETED>Sec. 303. Report to Congress.
<DELETED>Sec. 304. Presidential waiver.
<DELETED>Sec. 305. Publication in the Federal Register.
           <DELETED>TITLE IV--PROMOTION OF RELIGIOUS FREEDOM

<DELETED>Sec. 401. Assistance for promoting religious freedom.
   <DELETED>TITLE V--DESIGNATED PERSONS LIST FOR PARTICULARLY SEVERE 
                    VIOLATIONS OF RELIGIOUS FREEDOM

<DELETED>Sec. 501. Designated Persons List for Particularly Severe 
                            Violations of Religious Freedom.
              <DELETED>TITLE VI--MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS

<DELETED>Sec. 601. Miscellaneous provisions.
<DELETED>Sec. 602. Clerical amendments.

<DELETED>SEC. 2. FINDINGS; POLICY.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    (a) Findings.--Section 2(a) of the International Religious 
Freedom Act of 1998 (22 U.S.C. 6401(a)) is amended--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) in paragraph (3), by inserting immediately 
        prior to the penultimate sentence the following new sentence: 
        ``The freedom of thought, conscience, and religion is 
        understood to protect theistic and non-theistic beliefs as well 
        as the right not to profess or practice any religion.''; 
        and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) in paragraph (6)--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) by inserting ``and the specific 
                targeting of non-theists, humanists, and atheists 
                because of their beliefs'' after ``religious 
                persecution''; and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) by inserting ``and in regions where 
                non-state actors exercise significant political power 
                and influence'' after ``religious 
                majorities''.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (b) Policy.--Section 2(b) of the International Religious 
Freedom Act of 1998 (22 U.S.C. 6401(b)) is amended by adding at the end 
the following new paragraph:</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(6) Because the promotion of international 
        religious freedom protects human rights, advances democracy 
        abroad, and advances United States interests in stability, 
        security, and development globally, the promotion of 
        international religious freedom requires new and evolving 
        policies, and diplomatic responses that are drawn from the 
        expertise of the national security agencies, the diplomatic 
        services, and other governmental agencies and nongovernmental 
        organizations, and are coordinated across and carried out by 
        the entire range of Federal agencies.''.</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 3. DEFINITIONS.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    Section 3 of the International Religious Freedom Act of 
1998 (22 U.S.C. 6402) is amended--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) in paragraph (13)--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) in subparagraph (A)--</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (i) by redesignating clauses (iv) 
                        and (v) as clauses (v) and (vi), respectively; 
                        and</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (ii) by inserting after clause 
                        (iii) the following:</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(iv) not professing a particular 
                        religion, or any religion;''; and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) in subparagraph (B)--</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (i) by inserting ``conscience, 
                        non-theistic views, or'' before ``religious 
                        belief or practice''; and</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (ii) by inserting after ``forced 
                        religious conversion'' the following: ``, 
                        forcibly compelling non-believers or non-
                        theists to recant their beliefs or to 
                        convert''; and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) by adding at the end, the following new 
        paragraphs:</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(14) Special watch list.--The term `Special 
        Watch List' means the Special Watch List as contained in the 
        Executive Summary to the Annual Report and described in section 
        102(b)(1)(F)(iii).</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(15) Non-state actor.--The term `non-state 
        actor' means a nonsovereign entity that exercises significant 
        political power and is able to exert influence at a national or 
        international level but does not belong to or ally itself to 
        any particular country and often employs illegal violence in 
        pursuit of its objectives.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(16) Institution of higher education.--The term 
        `institution of higher education' has the meaning given that 
        term in section 101 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 
        U.S.C. 1001)''.</DELETED>

       <DELETED>TITLE I--DEPARTMENT OF STATE ACTIVITIES</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 101. OFFICE ON INTERNATIONAL RELIGIOUS FREEDOM; 
              AMBASSADOR AT LARGE FOR INTERNATIONAL RELIGIOUS 
              FREEDOM.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    (a) In General.--Section 101 of the International 
Religious Freedom Act of 1998 (22 U.S.C. 6411) is amended--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) in subsection (b), by adding at the end before 
        the period the following: ``, and shall report directly to the 
        Secretary of State'';</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) in subsection (c)--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) in paragraph (1)--</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (i) by striking ``responsibility'' 
                        and inserting ``responsibilities'';</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (ii) by striking ``shall be to 
                        advance'' and inserting the following: ``shall 
                        be to--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(A) advance'';</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (iii) in subparagraph (A) (as so 
                        added), by striking the period at the end and 
                        inserting ``; and''; and</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (iv) by adding at the end the 
                        following new subparagraph:</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(B) integrate United States 
                international religious freedom policies and strategies 
                into the foreign policy efforts of the United 
                States.'';</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) in paragraph (2), by inserting ``the 
                principal adviser to'' before ``the Secretary of 
                State'';</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (C) in paragraph (3)--</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (i) in subparagraph (A), by 
                        striking ``and'' at the end;</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (ii) in subparagraph (B), by 
                        striking the period at the end and inserting 
                        ``; and''; and</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (iii) by adding at the end the 
                        following new subparagraph:</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(C) contacts with nongovernmental 
                organizations that have an impact on the state of 
                religious freedom in their respective societies or 
                regions, or internationally.'';</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (D) by redesignating paragraph (4) as 
                paragraph (5); and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (E) by inserting after paragraph (3) the 
                following new paragraph:</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(4) Coordination responsibilities.--In order to 
        promote religious freedom as an interest of United States 
        foreign policy, the Ambassador at Large--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(A) shall coordinate international 
                religious freedom policies across all programs, 
                projects, and activities of the United States; 
                and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(B) should participate in any 
                interagency processes on issues in which the promotion 
                of international religious freedom policy can advance 
                United States national security interests, including in 
                democracy promotion, stability, security, and 
                development globally.''; and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (3) in subsection (d), by striking ``staff for the 
        Office'' and all that follows through the period at the end and 
        inserting ``individuals to fill at least 25 full-time 
        equivalent staff positions, and any other temporary staff 
        positions as needed to compile, edit, and manage the Annual 
        Report under the direct supervision of the Ambassador at Large, 
        and for the conduct of investigations by the Office and for 
        necessary travel to carry out the provisions of this Act. The 
        Secretary of State should also provide to the Ambassador at 
        Large funds that are sufficient to carry out the duties 
        described in this section, including as necessary 
        representation funds, in amounts comparable to those provided 
        to other Ambassadors at Large in the Department of 
        State.''.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (b) Sense of Congress.--Because international religious 
freedom is a vital foreign policy interest and one that needs 
coordination across many regional bureaus and among Special Envoys and 
Special Representatives with overlapping mandates, the Secretary of 
State should consider elevating the office of International Religious 
Freedom and the position of the Ambassador at Large for International 
Religious Freedom to the Office of the Secretary, similar to other 
Ambassador at Large positions that now report directly to the 
Secretary. Providing the Office of International Religious Freedom with 
additional resources and status will demonstrate both the strategic 
importance of international religious freedom policy within the State 
Department bureaucracy and show persecuted religious groups globally 
that the United States gives priority to the protection and promotion 
of international religious freedom as mandated by the International 
Religious Freedom Act of 1998.</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 102. ANNUAL REPORT ON INTERNATIONAL RELIGIOUS 
              FREEDOM.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    (a) In General.--Section 102(b)(1) of the International 
Religious Freedom Act of 1998 (22 U.S.C. 6412(b)(1)) is amended--
</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) in the matter preceding subparagraph (A), by 
        striking ``September 1'' and inserting ``May 1'';</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) in subparagraph (A)--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) by redesignating clause (iv) as clause 
                (vii); and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) by inserting after clause (iii) the 
                following new clauses:</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(iv) particularly severe 
                        violations of religious freedom in that country 
                        in the case of a foreign country with respect 
                        to which a government does not exist or the 
                        government does not control its 
                        territory;</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(v) an identification of 
                        prisoners in that country pursuant to section 
                        108;</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(vi) any action taken by the 
                        government of that country to censor religious 
                        content, communications, or worship activities 
                        online, including descriptions of the targeted 
                        religious group, the content, communication, or 
                        activities censored, and the means 
                        used.'';</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (3) in subparagraph (B), in the matter preceding 
        clause (i)--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) by inserting ``persecution of lawyers, 
                politicians, or other human rights advocates seeking to 
                defend the rights of members of religious groups or 
                highlight religious freedom violations, prohibitions on 
                ritual animal slaughter or male infant circumcision,'' 
                after ``entire religions,''; and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) by inserting ``policies that ban or 
                restrict the public manifestation of religious belief 
                and the peaceful involvement of religious groups or 
                their members in the political life of each such 
                foreign country,'' after ``such groups,'';</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (4) in subparagraph (C)--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) by striking ``A description'' and 
                inserting ``A comprehensive description'';</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) by striking ``policies in support'' 
                and inserting ``diplomatic and political coordination 
                efforts, and other policies in support''; and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (C) by adding at the end before the period 
                the following: ``, and a comprehensive and country-
                specific analysis of the impact of actions by the 
                United States on the status of religious freedom in 
                each such country''; and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (5) in subparagraph (F)--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) in clause (i)--</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (i) by striking ``section 
                        402(b)(1)'' and inserting ``section 
                        402(b)(1)(B)(i)''; and</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (ii) by adding at the end the 
                        following: ``Any country in which a non-state 
                        actor designated as an entity of particular 
                        concern for religious freedom under section 301 
                        of the Frank R. Wolf International Religious 
                        Freedom Act is located shall be included in 
                        this section of the report.''; and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) by adding at the end the following new 
                clause:</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(iii) Special watch list.--A 
                        list, to be known as the `Special Watch List', 
                        which shall identify each country that engages 
                        in or tolerates severe violations of religious 
                        freedom during the previous year but which the 
                        President determines does not meet, at the time 
                        of the publication of the Annual Report, all of 
                        the criteria described in section 3(11) for 
                        designation under section 
                        402(b)(1).''.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (b) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--
</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) the original intent of the International 
        Religious Freedom Act of 1998 (22 U.S.C. 6401 et seq.) was to 
        require annual reports from both the Department of State and 
        the Commission on International Religious Freedom to be 
        delivered each year, during the same calendar year, and with at 
        least 5 months separating these reports, in order to provide 
        updated information for policy-makers, Members of Congress, and 
        nongovernmental organizations; and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) given that the annual Country Reports on Human 
        Rights Practices no longer contain updated information on 
        religious freedom conditions globally, it is important that the 
        Department of State and the Commission work together to fulfill 
        the original intent of the International Religious Freedom Act 
        of 1998.</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 103. TRAINING FOR FOREIGN SERVICE OFFICERS; 
              REPORT.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    (a) Amendment to Foreign Service Act of 1980.--Section 708 
of the Foreign Service Act of 1980 (22 U.S.C. 4028) is amended--
</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) by redesignating subsections (b) and (c) as 
        subsections (d) and (e), respectively;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) in subsection (d), as redesignated, by 
        striking ``The Secretary of State'' and inserting ``Refugees.--
        The Secretary of State'';</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (3) in subsection (e), as redesignated, by 
        striking ``The Secretary of State'' and inserting ``Child 
        Soldiers.--The Secretary of State'';</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (4) by striking subsection (a) and inserting the 
        following:</DELETED>
<DELETED>    ``(a) Development of Curriculum.--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(1) In general.--The Secretary of State shall 
        develop a curriculum for training United States Foreign Service 
        officers in the scope and strategic value of international 
        religious freedom, how violations of international religious 
        freedom harm fundamental United States interests, how the 
        advancement of international religious freedom can advance such 
        interests, how United States international religious freedom 
        policy should be carried out in practice by United States 
        diplomats and other Foreign Service officers, and the relevance 
        and relationship of international religious freedom to United 
        States defense, diplomacy, development, and public affairs 
        efforts. The Secretary of State shall ensure the availability 
        of sufficient resources to develop and implement such 
        curriculum.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(2) Role of other officials.--The Secretary of 
        State shall carry out paragraph (1)--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(A) with the assistance of the 
                Ambassador at Large for International Religious Freedom 
                appointed under section 101(b) of the International 
                Religious Freedom Act of 1998;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(B) in coordination with the Director of 
                the George P. Shultz National Foreign Affairs Training 
                Center and other Federal officials as appropriate; 
                and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(C) in consultation with the United 
                States Commission on International Religious Freedom 
                established in section 201(a) of the International 
                Religious Freedom Act of 1998 and other relevant 
                stakeholders.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    ``(b) Training Program.--Not later than the date that is 1 
year after the date of the enactment of the Frank R. Wolf International 
Religious Freedom Act, the Director of the George P. Shultz National 
Foreign Affairs Training Center shall begin mandatory training on 
religious freedom for all Foreign Service officers, including all entry 
level officers, all officers prior to departure for posting outside the 
United States, and all outgoing deputy chiefs of mission and 
ambassadors. Such training shall, at minimum, be a separate, 
independent, and required segment of each of the following:</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(1) The A-100 course attended by all Foreign 
        Service officers.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(2) The courses required of every Foreign 
        Service officer prior to a posting outside the United States, 
        with segments tailored to the particular religious demography, 
        religious freedom conditions, and United States strategies for 
        advancing religious freedom, in each receiving 
        country.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(3) The courses required of all outgoing deputy 
        chiefs of mission and ambassadors.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    ``(c) Information Sharing.--The curriculum and training 
materials developed pursuant to subsections (a) and (b) should be made 
available to all other Federal agencies.''.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (b) Report.--Not later than 180 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State, with the assistance of 
the Ambassador at Large for International Religious Freedom, and the 
Director of the George P. Shultz National Foreign Affairs Training 
Center, shall submit to the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House 
of Representatives and the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate 
a report containing a comprehensive plan for undertaking training for 
Foreign Service officers as required under section 708 of the Foreign 
Services Act of 1980, as amended by subsection (a) of this 
section.</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 104. PRISONER LISTS AND ISSUE BRIEFS ON RELIGIOUS FREEDOM 
              CONCERNS.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    Section 108 of the International Religious Freedom Act of 
1998 (22 U.S.C. 6417) is amended--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) in subsection (b), by striking ``faith'' and 
        inserting ``activities, religious freedom advocacy, or efforts 
        to protect and advance the universally recognized right to the 
        freedom of religion,'';</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) in subsection (c), by striking ``, as 
        appropriate, provide'' and insert ``make available''; 
        and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (3) by adding at the end the following new 
        subsection:</DELETED>
<DELETED>    ``(d) Victims List Maintained by the United States 
Commission on International Religious Freedom.--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(1) In general.--The Commission shall make 
        publicly available online and in official publications lists of 
        persons it determines are imprisoned, detained, disappeared, 
        placed under house arrest, tortured, or subject to forced 
        renunciations of faith for their religious activity or 
        religious freedom advocacy by the government of a foreign 
        country that the Commission recommends for designation as a 
        country of particular concern for religious freedom under 
        section 402(b)(1) or by a non-state actor that the Commission 
        recommends for designation as an entity of particular concern 
        for religious freedom under section 301 of the Frank R. Wolf 
        International Religious Freedom Act and include as much 
        publicly available information as possible on the conditions 
        and circumstances of such persons.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(2) Discretion.--In compiling such lists, the 
        Commission shall exercise all appropriate discretion, including 
        consideration of the safety and security of, and benefit to, 
        the persons who may be included on the lists and the families 
        of such persons.''.</DELETED>

         <DELETED>TITLE II--NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 201. SPECIAL ADVISER FOR INTERNATIONAL RELIGIOUS 
              FREEDOM.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    Section 101 of the National Security Act of 1947 (50 
U.S.C. 3021) is amended by striking subsection (k) and inserting the 
following:</DELETED>
<DELETED>    ``(k) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that 
there should be within the staff of the National Security Council a 
Special Adviser to the President on International Religious Freedom, 
whose position should be comparable to that of a director within the 
Executive Office of the President, with the primary responsibility to 
serve as a resource for executive branch officials on international 
religious freedom, compiling and maintaining information on the facts 
and circumstances of violations of religious freedom (as defined in 
section 3 of the International Religious Freedom Act of 1998), and 
making relevant policy recommendations to advance United States 
international religious freedom policy. The Special Advisor should also 
assist the Ambassador at Large to coordinate international religious 
freedom policies and strategies throughout the executive branch and 
within any interagency policy committees where the Ambassador at Large 
participates.''.</DELETED>

           <DELETED>TITLE III--PRESIDENTIAL ACTIONS</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 301. NON-STATE ACTOR DESIGNATIONS.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    (a) In General.--The President shall, concurrent with the 
annual foreign country review required by section 402(b)(1) of the 
International Religious Freedom Act of 1998 (22 U.S.C. 6442(b)(1))--
</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) review and identify any non-state actors 
        operating in any such reviewed country or surrounding region 
        that have engaged in particularly severe violations of 
        religious freedom; and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) designate, in a manner consistent with such 
        Act, each such non-state actor as an entity of particular 
        concern for religious freedom.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (b) Report.--Whenever the President designates a non-state 
actor under subsection (a) as an entity of particular concern for 
religious freedom, the President shall, as soon as practicable after 
the designation is made, submit to the appropriate congressional 
committees a report detailing the reasons for such 
designation.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (c) Actions.--The President should take specific actions 
to address severe violations of religious freedom of non-state actors 
that are designated under subsection (a), including taking actions 
commensurate to those actions described in section 405 of the 
International Religious Freedom Act of 1998 (22 U.S.C. 6445).</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (d) Department of State Annual Report.--The Secretary of 
State should include information detailing the reasons the President 
designated a non-state actor as an entity of particular concern for 
religious freedom under subsection (a) in the Annual Report required in 
section 102(b)(1) of the International Religious Freedom Act of 1998 
(22 U.S.C. 6442(b)(1)).</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (e) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that 
the Secretary of State should work with Congress to create new 
political, financial, and diplomatic tools to address severe violations 
of religious freedom by non-state actors and to update the actions the 
President can take in section 405 of the International Religious 
Freedom Act of 1998.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (f) Determinations of Responsible Parties.--In order to 
appropriately target Presidential actions under the International 
Religious Freedom Act of 1998 in response, the President shall with 
respect to each non-state actor designated as an entity of particular 
concern for religious freedom under subsection (a), seek to determine 
the specific officials or members thereof that are responsible for the 
particularly severe violations of religious freedom engaged in or 
tolerated by that entity.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (g) Definitions.--In this section, the terms ``appropriate 
congressional committees'', ``non-state actor'', and ``particularly 
severe violations of religious freedom'' have the meanings given such 
terms in section 3 of the International Religious Freedom Act of 1998 
(22 U.S.C. 6402), as amended by section 3 of this Act.</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 302. PRESIDENTIAL ACTIONS IN RESPONSE TO PARTICULARLY 
              SEVERE VIOLATIONS OF RELIGIOUS FREEDOM.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    Section 402 of the International Religious Freedom Act of 
1998 (22 U.S.C. 6442) is amended--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) in subsection (b)--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) in paragraph (1)--</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (i) by amending subparagraph (A) 
                        to read as follows:</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(A) In general.--Not later than 90 days 
                after the date on which each Annual Report is submitted 
                under section 102(b), the President shall--</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(i) review the status of 
                        religious freedom in each foreign country to 
                        determine whether the government of that 
                        country has engaged in or tolerated 
                        particularly severe violations of religious 
                        freedom in each such country during the 
                        preceding 12 months or longer; and</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(ii) designate each country the 
                        government of which has engaged in or tolerated 
                        violations described in clause (i) as a country 
                        of particular concern for religious freedom.''; 
                        and</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (ii) in subparagraph (C), by 
                        striking ``September 1 of the respective year'' 
                        and inserting ``the date on which each Annual 
                        Report is submitted under section 
                        102(b)'';</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) by amending paragraph (3) to read as 
                follows:</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(3) Congressional notification.--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(A) In general.--Whenever the President 
                designates a country as a country of particular concern 
                for religious freedom under paragraph (1)(A), the 
                President shall, not later than 90 days after the 
                designation is made, transmit to the appropriate 
                congressional committees--</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(i) the designation of the 
                        country, signed by the President;</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(ii) the identification, if any, 
                        of responsible parties determined under 
                        paragraph (2); and</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(iii) a description of the 
                        actions taken under subsection (c), the 
                        purposes of the actions taken, and the 
                        effectiveness of the actions taken.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(B) Removal of designation.--A country 
                that is designated as a country of particular concern 
                for religious freedom under paragraph (1)(A) shall 
                retain such designation until the President determines 
                and reports to the appropriate congressional committees 
                that the country should no longer be so designated.''; 
                and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (C) by adding at the end, the following 
                new paragraph:</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(4) Treatment of countries on special watch 
        list.--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(A) In general.--The President shall 
                designate as a country of particular concern for 
                religious freedom under paragraph (1)(A) any country 
                that appears on the Special Watch List in more than two 
                consecutive Annual Reports.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(B) Exercise of waiver authority.--The 
                President may waive the application of subparagraph (A) 
                with respect to a country for up to 2 years if the 
                President certifies to the appropriate committees of 
                Congress that--</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(i) the country has entered into 
                        an agreement with the United States to carry 
                        out specific and credible actions to improve 
                        religious freedom conditions and end religious 
                        freedom violations;</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(ii) the country has entered 
                        into an agreement with the United Nations, the 
                        European Union, or other ally of the United 
                        States, to carry out specific and credible 
                        actions to improve religious freedom conditions 
                        and end religious freedom violations; 
                        or</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(iii) the waiver is in the 
                        national security interests of the United 
                        States.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(C) Effect on designation as country of 
                particular concern.--The presence or absence of a 
                country from the Special Watch List in any given year 
                shall not preclude the designation of such country as a 
                country of particular concern for religious freedom 
                under paragraph (1)(A) in any such year.''; 
                and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) in subsection (c)(5), in the second sentence, 
        by inserting ``and include a description of the impact of the 
        designation of such sanction or sanctions that exist in each 
        country'' after ``determines satisfy the requirements of this 
        subsection''.</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 303. REPORT TO CONGRESS.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    Section 404(a)(4)(A) of the International Religious 
Freedom Act of 1998 (22 U.S.C. 6444(a)(4)(A)) is amended--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) in clause (iii), by striking the period at the 
        end and inserting ``; and''; and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) by adding at the end the following new 
        clause:</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(iv) the impact on the 
                        advancement of United States interests in 
                        democracy, human rights, and security, and a 
                        description of policy tools being applied in 
                        the country, including programs that target 
                        democratic stability, economic growth, and 
                        counter-terrorism.''.</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 304. PRESIDENTIAL WAIVER.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    Section 407 of the International Religious Freedom Act of 
1998 (22 U.S.C. 6447) is amended--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) in subsection (a)--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) by striking ``subsection (b)'' and 
                inserting ``subsection (c)''; and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) by inserting ``, for a single 180-day 
                period,'' after ``may waive'';</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) by striking ``that--'' and all that follows 
        and inserting ``that the exercise of such waiver authority 
        would further the purposes of this Act.'';</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (3) by redesignating subsection (b) as subsection 
        (c);</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (4) by inserting after subsection (a) the 
        following:</DELETED>
<DELETED>    ``(b) Additional Authority.--Subject to subsection (c), 
the President may waive, for any additional period of time after the 
180-day period described in subsection (a), the application of any of 
the actions described in paragraphs (9) through (15) of section 405(a) 
(or a commensurate action in substitution thereto) with respect to a 
country, if the President determines and so reports to the appropriate 
congressional committees that--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(1) the respective foreign government has ceased 
        the violations giving rise to the Presidential action; 
        or</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(2) the exercise of such authority is important 
        to the national interests of the United States.''.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (5) in subsection (c), by inserting ``or (b)'' 
        after ``subsection (a)''; and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (6) by adding at the end the following new 
        subsection:</DELETED>
<DELETED>    ``(d) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress 
that--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(1) ongoing and persistent waivers of the 
        application of any of the actions described in paragraphs (9) 
        through (15) of section 405(a) (or commensurate action in 
        substitution thereto) with respect to a country do not fulfill 
        the purposes of this Act; and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(2) because the promotion of religious freedom 
        is a compelling interest of United States foreign policy, the 
        President, the Secretary of State, and other Executive branch 
        officials, in consultation with Congress, should seek to find 
        ways to address existing violations, on a case-by-case basis, 
        through the actions specified in section 405 or other 
        commensurate action in substitution thereto.''.</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 305. PUBLICATION IN THE FEDERAL REGISTER.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    Section 408(a)(1) of the International Religious Freedom 
Act of 1998 (22 U.S.C. 6448(a)(1)) is amended by adding at the end the 
following: ``Any designation of a non-state actor as an entity of 
particular concern for religious freedom under section 301 of the Frank 
R. Wolf International Religious Freedom Act, together with, when 
applicable and to the extent practicable, the identities of individuals 
determined to be responsible for the violations under subsection (e) of 
such section.''.</DELETED>

      <DELETED>TITLE IV--PROMOTION OF RELIGIOUS FREEDOM</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 401. ASSISTANCE FOR PROMOTING RELIGIOUS 
              FREEDOM.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    (a) Availability of Assistance.--It is the sense of 
Congress that for each fiscal year that begins on or after the date of 
the enactment of this Act, the Department of State should make 
available--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) an amount equal to not less than 10 percent of 
        the amounts available in that fiscal year for the Human Rights 
        and Democracy Fund for the promotion of international religious 
        freedom and for projects to advance United States interests in 
        the protection and advancement of international religious 
        freedom, in particular, through grants to--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) groups that are able to develop legal 
                protections or promote cultural and societal 
                understanding of international norms of religious 
                freedom;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) groups that seek to address and 
                mitigate religiously motivated and sectarian violence 
                and combat violent extremism; and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (C) groups that seek to strengthen 
                investigations, reporting, and monitoring of religious 
                freedom violations; and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) an amount equal to not less than 2 percent of 
        amounts available in that fiscal year for the Human Rights and 
        Democracy Fund to be made available for the establishment of a 
        Religious Freedom Defense Fund, administered by the Ambassador 
        at Large for International Religious Freedom, to provide grants 
        for--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) victims of religious freedom abuses 
                and their families to cover legal and other expenses 
                that may arise from detention, imprisonment, torture, 
                fines, and other restrictions; and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) projects to help create and support 
                training of a new generation of defenders of religious 
                freedom, including legal and political advocates, and 
                civil society projects which seek to create advocacy 
                networks, strengthen legal representation, train and 
                educate new religious freedom defenders, and build the 
                capacity of religious communities and rights defenders 
                to protect against religious freedom violations, 
                mitigate societal or sectarian violence, or minimize 
                legal or other restrictions of the right to freedom of 
                religion.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (b) Preference.--It is the sense of Congress that, in 
providing grants under subsection (a), the Ambassador at Large for 
International Religious Freedom should, as appropriate, give preference 
to projects targeting religious freedom violations in countries 
designated as countries of particular concern for religious freedom 
under section 402(b)(1) of the International Religious Freedom Act of 
1998 (22 U.S.C. 6442(b)(1)) and countries included on the Special Watch 
List described in section 102(b)(1)(F)(iii) of the International 
Religious Freedom Act of 1998 (22 U.S.C. 6412(b)(1)(F)(iii)).</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (c) Administration and Consultations.--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) Administration.--Amounts made available in 
        accordance with subsection (a) shall be administered by the 
        Ambassador at Large for International Religious 
        Freedom.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) Consultations.--In developing priorities and 
        policies for providing grants in accordance with subsection 
        (a), including priorities and policies for identification of 
        potential grantees, the Ambassador at Large for International 
        Religious Freedom shall consult with other Federal agencies, 
        including the United States Commission on International 
        Religious Freedom and, as appropriate, nongovernmental 
        organizations.</DELETED>

   <DELETED>TITLE V--DESIGNATED PERSONS LIST FOR PARTICULARLY SEVERE 
               VIOLATIONS OF RELIGIOUS FREEDOM</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 501. DESIGNATED PERSONS LIST FOR PARTICULARLY SEVERE 
              VIOLATIONS OF RELIGIOUS FREEDOM.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    Title VI of the International Religious Freedom Act of 
1998 (22 U.S.C. 6471 et seq.) is amended--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) by redesignating section 605 as section 606; 
        and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) by inserting after section 604 the following 
        new section:</DELETED>

<DELETED>``SEC. 605. DESIGNATED PERSONS LIST FOR PARTICULARLY SEVERE 
              VIOLATIONS OF RELIGIOUS FREEDOM.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    ``(a) List.--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(1) In general.--The Secretary of State, in 
        coordination with the Ambassador at Large and in consultation 
        with relevant government and non-government experts, shall 
        establish and maintain a list of foreign individuals who are 
        sanctioned, through visa denials, financial sanctions, or other 
        measures, because they are responsible for ordering, 
        controlling, or otherwise directing particularly severe 
        violations of freedom religion.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(2) Reference.--The list required under 
        paragraph (1) shall be known as the `Designated Persons List 
        for Particularly Severe Violations of Religious 
        Freedom'.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    ``(b) Report.--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(1) In general.--The Secretary of State shall 
        submit to the appropriate congressional committees a report 
        that contains the list required under subsection (a), 
        including, with respect to each foreign individual on the 
        list--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(A) the name of the individual and a 
                description of the particularly severe violation of 
                religious freedom committed by the 
                individual;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(B) the name of the country or other 
                location in which such violation took place; 
                and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(C) a description of the actions taken 
                pursuant to this Act or any other Act or Executive 
                order in response to such violation; and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(2) Submission and updates.--The Secretary of 
        State shall submit to the appropriate congressional 
        committees--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(A) the initial report required under 
                paragraph (1) not later than 180 days after the date of 
                the enactment of this section; and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(B) updates to the report every 180 days 
                thereafter and as new information becomes 
                available.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(3) Form.--The report required under paragraph 
        (1) should be submitted in unclassified form but may contain a 
        classified annex.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(4) Definition.--In this subsection, the term 
        `appropriate congressional committees' means--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(A) the Committee on Foreign Affairs and 
                the Committee on Financial Services of the House of 
                Representatives; and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(B) the Committee on Foreign Relations 
                and the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban 
                Affairs of the Senate.''.</DELETED>

         <DELETED>TITLE VI--MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 601. MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    Title VII of the International Religious Freedom Act of 
1998 (22 U.S.C. 6481 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the 
following new sections:</DELETED>

<DELETED>``SEC. 702. VOLUNTARY CODES OF CONDUCT FOR UNITED STATES 
              INSTITUTIONS OF HIGHER EDUCATION OUTSIDE THE UNITED 
              STATES.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    ``(a) Finding.--Congress recognizes the enduring 
importance of United States institutions of higher education worldwide 
both for their potential for shaping positive leadership and new 
educational models in host countries and for their emphasis on teaching 
universally recognized rights of free inquiry and academic 
freedom.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    ``(b) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that 
United States institutions of higher education operating campuses 
outside the United States or establishing any educational entities with 
foreign governments, particularly with or in countries the governments 
of which engage in or tolerate severe violations of religious freedom 
as identified in the Annual Report, should seek to adopt a voluntary 
code of conduct for operating in such countries that should--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(1) uphold the right of freedom of religion of 
        their employees and students, including the right to manifest 
        that religion peacefully as protected in international 
        law;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(2) ensure that the religious views and peaceful 
        practice of religion in no way affect, or be allowed to affect, 
        the status of a worker's or faculty member's employment or a 
        student's enrollment; and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(3) make every effort in all negotiations, 
        contracts, or memoranda of understanding engaged in or 
        constructed with a foreign government to protect academic 
        freedom and the rights enshrined in the United Nations 
        Declaration of Human Rights.</DELETED>

<DELETED>``SEC. 703. SENSE OF CONGRESS REGARDING NATIONAL SECURITY 
              STRATEGY TO PROMOTE RELIGIOUS FREEDOM THROUGH UNITED 
              STATES FOREIGN POLICY.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    ``It is the sense of Congress that--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(1) the annual national security strategy report 
        of the President required by section 108 of the National 
        Security Act of 1947 (50 U.S.C. 3043) should promote 
        international religious freedom as a foreign policy and 
        national security priority and should articulate that promotion 
        of the right to freedom of religion is a strategy that protects 
        other, related human rights, and advances democracy outside the 
        United States, and make clear its importance to United States 
        foreign policy goals of stability, security, development, and 
        diplomacy; and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(2) the national security strategy report should 
        be a guide for the strategies and activities of relevant 
        Federal agencies and inform the Department of Defense 
        quadrennial defense review under section 118 of title 10, 
        United States Code, and the Department of State Quadrennial 
        Diplomacy and Development Review.''.</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 602. CLERICAL AMENDMENTS.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    The table of contents of the International Religious 
Freedom Act of 1998 (22 U.S.C. 6401 note) is amended--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) by striking the item relating to section 605 
        and inserting the following:</DELETED>

<DELETED>``Sec. 606. Studies on the effect of expedited removal 
                            provisions on asylum claims.'';
        <DELETED>    (2) by inserting after the item relating to 
        section 604 the following:</DELETED>

<DELETED>``Sec. 605. Designated Persons List for Particularly Severe 
                            Violations of Religious Freedom.''; and
        <DELETED>    (3) by adding at the end the following:</DELETED>

<DELETED>``Sec. 702. Voluntary codes of conduct for United States 
                            institutions of higher education operating 
                            outside the United States.
<DELETED>``Sec. 703. Sense of Congress regarding national security 
                            strategy to promote religious freedom 
                            through United States foreign policy.''.

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE AND TABLE OF CONTENTS.

    (a) Short Title.--This Act may be cited as the ``Frank R. Wolf 
International Religious Freedom Act''.
    (b) Table of Contents.--The table of contents for this Act is as 
follows:

Sec. 1. Short title and table of contents.
Sec. 2. Findings; policy; sense of Congress.
Sec. 3. Definitions.

                TITLE I--DEPARTMENT OF STATE ACTIVITIES

Sec. 101. Office on International Religious Freedom; Ambassador at 
                            Large for International Religious Freedom.
Sec. 102. Annual Report on International Religious Freedom.
Sec. 103. Training for Foreign Service officers; report.
Sec. 104. Prisoner lists and issue briefs on religious freedom 
                            concerns.

                  TITLE II--NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL

Sec. 201. Special Adviser for International Religious Freedom.

                    TITLE III--PRESIDENTIAL ACTIONS

Sec. 301. Non-state actor designations.
Sec. 302. Presidential actions in response to particularly severe 
                            violations of religious freedom.
Sec. 303. Report to Congress.
Sec. 304. Presidential waiver.
Sec. 305. Publication in the Federal Register.

                TITLE IV--PROMOTION OF RELIGIOUS FREEDOM

Sec. 401. Assistance for promoting religious freedom.

TITLE V--DESIGNATED PERSONS LIST FOR PARTICULARLY SEVERE VIOLATIONS OF 
                           RELIGIOUS FREEDOM

Sec. 501. Designated Persons List for Particularly Severe Violations of 
                            Religious Freedom.

                   TITLE VI--MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS

Sec. 601. Miscellaneous provisions.
Sec. 602. Clerical amendments.

SEC. 2. FINDINGS; POLICY; SENSE OF CONGRESS.

    (a) Findings.--Section 2(a) of the International Religious Freedom 
Act of 1998 (22 U.S.C. 6401(a)) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (3), by inserting ``The freedom of 
        thought, conscience, and religion is understood to protect 
        theistic and non-theistic beliefs and the right not to profess 
        or practice any religion.'' before ``Governments'';
            (2) in paragraph (4), by adding at the end the following: 
        ``A policy or practice of routinely denying applications for 
        visas for religious workers in a country can be indicative of a 
        poor state of religious freedom in that country.''; and
            (3) in paragraph (6)--
                    (A) by inserting ``and the specific targeting of 
                non-theists, humanists, and atheists because of their 
                beliefs'' after ``religious persecution''; and
                    (B) by inserting ``and in regions where non-state 
                actors exercise significant political power and 
                territorial control'' before the period at the end.
    (b) Policy.--Section 2(b) of the International Religious Freedom 
Act of 1998 (22 U.S.C. 6401(b)) is amended--
            (1) by redesignating paragraphs (1) through (5) as 
        subparagraphs (A) through (E);
            (2) by striking the matter preceding subparagraph (A), as 
        redesignated, and inserting the following:
            ``(1) In general.--The following shall be the policy of the 
        United States:''; and
            (3) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(2) Evolving policies and coordinated diplomatic 
        responses.--Because the promotion of international religious 
        freedom protects human rights, advances democracy abroad, and 
        advances United States interests in stability, security, and 
        development globally, the promotion of international religious 
        freedom requires new and evolving policies and diplomatic 
        responses that--
                    ``(A) are drawn from the expertise of the national 
                security agencies, the diplomatic services, and other 
                governmental agencies and nongovernmental 
                organizations; and
                    ``(B) are coordinated across and carried out by the 
                entire range of Federal agencies.''.
    (c) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--
            (1) a policy or practice by the government of any foreign 
        country of routinely denying visa applications for religious 
        workers can be indicative of a poor state of religious freedom 
        in that country; and
            (2) the United States Government should seek to reverse any 
        such policy by reviewing the entirety of the bilateral 
        relationship between such country and the United States.

SEC. 3. DEFINITIONS.

    Section 3 of the International Religious Freedom Act of 1998 (22 
U.S.C. 6402) is amended--
            (1) by redesignating paragraph (13) as paragraph (16);
            (2) by redesignating paragraphs (10), (11), and (12) as 
        paragraphs (12), (13), and (14), respectively;
            (3) by inserting after paragraph (9) the following:
            ``(10) Institution of higher education.--The term 
        `institution of higher education' has the meaning given that 
        term in section 101 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 
        U.S.C. 1001).
            ``(11) Non-state actor.--The term `non-state actor' means a 
        nonsovereign entity that--
                    ``(A) exercises significant political power and 
                territorial control;
                    ``(B) is outside the control of a sovereign 
                government; and
                    ``(C) often employs violence in pursuit of its 
                objectives.'';
            (4) by inserting after paragraph (14), as redesignated, the 
        following:
            ``(15) Special watch list.--The term `Special Watch List' 
        means the Special Watch List described in section 
        402(b)(1)(A)(iii).''; and
            (5) in paragraph (16), as redesignated--
                    (A) in subparagraph (A)--
                            (i) by redesignating clauses (iv) and (v) 
                        as clauses (v) and (vi), respectively; and
                            (ii) by inserting after clause (iii) the 
                        following:
                            ``(iv) not professing a particular 
                        religion, or any religion;''; and
                    (B) in subparagraph (B)--
                            (i) by inserting ``conscience, non-theistic 
                        views, or'' before ``religious belief or 
                        practice''; and
                            (ii) by inserting ``forcibly compelling 
                        non-believers or non-theists to recant their 
                        beliefs or to convert,'' after ``forced 
                        religious conversion,''.

                TITLE I--DEPARTMENT OF STATE ACTIVITIES

SEC. 101. OFFICE ON INTERNATIONAL RELIGIOUS FREEDOM; AMBASSADOR AT 
              LARGE FOR INTERNATIONAL RELIGIOUS FREEDOM.

    (a) In General.--Section 101 of the International Religious Freedom 
Act of 1998 (22 U.S.C. 6411) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (b), by inserting ``, and shall report 
        directly to the Secretary of State'' before the period at the 
        end;
            (2) in subsection (c)--
                    (A) in paragraph (1)--
                            (i) by striking ``responsibility'' and 
                        inserting ``responsibilities'';
                            (ii) by striking ``shall be to advance'' 
                        and inserting the following: ``shall be to--
                    ``(A) advance'';
                            (iii) in subparagraph (A), as redesignated, 
                        by striking the period at the end and inserting 
                        ``; and''; and
                            (iv) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(B) integrate United States international 
                religious freedom policies and strategies into the 
                foreign policy efforts of the United States.'';
                    (B) in paragraph (2), by inserting ``the principal 
                adviser to'' before ``the Secretary of State'';
                    (C) in paragraph (3)--
                            (i) in subparagraph (A), by striking 
                        ``and'' at the end;
                            (ii) in subparagraph (B), by striking the 
                        period at the end and inserting ``; and''; and
                            (iii) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(C) contacts with nongovernmental organizations 
                that have an impact on the state of religious freedom 
                in their respective societies or regions, or 
                internationally.'';
                    (D) by redesignating paragraph (4) as paragraph 
                (5); and
                    (E) by inserting after paragraph (3) the following:
            ``(4) Coordination responsibilities.--In order to promote 
        religious freedom as an interest of United States foreign 
        policy, the Ambassador at Large--
                    ``(A) shall coordinate international religious 
                freedom policies across all programs, projects, and 
                activities of the United States; and
                    ``(B) should participate in any interagency 
                processes on issues in which the promotion of 
                international religious freedom policy can advance 
                United States national security interests, including in 
                democracy promotion, stability, security, and 
                development globally.''; and
            (3) in subsection (d), by striking ``staff for the Office'' 
        and all that follows and inserting ``adequate staff for the 
        Office, including full-time equivalent positions and any other 
        temporary staff positions needed to compile, edit, and manage 
        the Annual Report under the direct supervision of the 
        Ambassador at Large, and for the conduct of investigations by 
        the Office and for necessary travel to carry out this Act. The 
        Secretary of State should provide the Ambassador at Large with 
        sufficient funding to carry out the duties described in this 
        section, including, as necessary, representation funds. On the 
        date on which the President's annual budget request is 
        submitted to Congress, the Secretary shall submit an annual 
        report to the appropriate congressional committees that 
        includes a report on staffing levels for the International 
        Religious Freedom Office.''.
    (b) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--
            (1) periodic severe understaffing in the past has hindered 
        the vital work of the International Religious Freedom Office; 
        and
            (2) maintaining an adequate staffing level at the Office, 
        such as was in place during fiscal year 2016, is necessary for 
        the Office to carry on its vital work.

SEC. 102. ANNUAL REPORT ON INTERNATIONAL RELIGIOUS FREEDOM.

    (a) In General.--Section 102(b)(1) of the International Religious 
Freedom Act of 1998 (22 U.S.C. 6412(b)(1)) is amended--
            (1) in the matter preceding subparagraph (A), by striking 
        ``September 1'' and inserting ``May 1'';
            (2) in subparagraph (A)--
                    (A) in clause (iii), by striking ``; and'' and 
                inserting ``as well as the routine denial of visa 
                applications for religious workers;'';
                    (B) by redesignating clause (iv) as clause (vii); 
                and
                    (C) by inserting after clause (iii) the following:
                            ``(iv) particularly severe violations of 
                        religious freedom in that country if such 
                        country does not have a functioning government 
                        or the government of such country does not 
                        control its territory;
                            ``(v) the identification of prisoners, to 
                        the extent possible, in that country pursuant 
                        to section 108(d);
                            ``(vi) any action taken by the government 
                        of that country to censor religious content, 
                        communications, or worship activities online, 
                        including descriptions of the targeted 
                        religious group, the content, communication, or 
                        activities censored, and the means used; and'';
            (3) in subparagraph (B), in the matter preceding clause 
        (i)--
                    (A) by inserting ``persecution of lawyers, 
                politicians, or other human rights advocates seeking to 
                defend the rights of members of religious groups or 
                highlight religious freedom violations, prohibitions on 
                ritual animal slaughter or male infant circumcision,'' 
                after ``entire religions,''; and
                    (B) by inserting ``policies that ban or restrict 
                the public manifestation of religious belief and the 
                peaceful involvement of religious groups or their 
                members in the political life of each such foreign 
                country,'' after ``such groups,'';
            (4) in subparagraph (C), by striking ``A description of 
        United States actions and'' and inserting ``A detailed 
        description of United States actions, diplomatic and political 
        coordination efforts, and other''; and
            (5) in subparagraph (F)(i)--
                    (A) by striking ``section 402(b)(1)'' and inserting 
                ``section 402(b)(1)(A)(ii)''; and
                    (B) by adding at the end the following: ``Any 
                country in which a non-state actor designated as an 
                entity of particular concern for religious freedom 
                under section 301 of the Frank R. Wolf International 
                Religious Freedom Act is located shall be included in 
                this section of the report.''.
    (b) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--
            (1) the original intent of the International Religious 
        Freedom Act of 1998 (22 U.S.C. 6401 et seq.) was to require 
        annual reports from both the Department of State and the 
        Commission on International Religious Freedom to be delivered 
        each year, during the same calendar year, and with at least 5 
        months separating these reports, in order to provide updated 
        information for policymakers, Members of Congress, and 
        nongovernmental organizations; and
            (2) given that the annual Country Reports on Human Rights 
        Practices no longer contain updated information on religious 
        freedom conditions globally, it is important that the 
        Department of State coordinate with the Commission to fulfill 
        the original intent of the International Religious Freedom Act 
        of 1998.

SEC. 103. TRAINING FOR FOREIGN SERVICE OFFICERS; REPORT.

    (a) Amendment to Foreign Service Act of 1980.--Section 708 of the 
Foreign Service Act of 1980 (22 U.S.C. 4028) is amended--
            (1) by redesignating subsections (b) and (c) as subsections 
        (e) and (f), respectively;
            (2) in subsection (a), by striking ``The Secretary of 
        State'' and inserting ``Human Rights, Religious Freedom, and 
        Human Trafficking Training.--The Secretary of State'';
            (3) by inserting after subsection (a) the following:
    ``(a) Additional Training.--Not later than the one year after the 
date of the enactment of the Frank R. Wolf International Religious 
Freedom Act, the Director of the George P. Shultz National Foreign 
Affairs Training Center shall begin mandatory training on religious 
freedom for all Foreign Service officers, including all entry level 
officers, all officers prior to departure for posting outside the 
United States, and all outgoing deputy chiefs of mission and 
ambassadors. Such training shall be a separate, independent, and 
required segment of each of--
            ``(1) the A-100 course attended by all Foreign Service 
        officers;
            ``(2) the courses required of every Foreign Service officer 
        prior to a posting outside the United States, with segments 
        tailored to the particular religious demography, religious 
        freedom conditions, and United States strategies for advancing 
        religious freedom, in each receiving country; and
            ``(3) the courses required of all outgoing deputy chiefs of 
        mission and ambassadors.
    ``(b) Development of Curriculum.--In developing curriculum for the 
training under subsection (b)(2), the Ambassador at Large for 
International Religious Freedom, on behalf of the Secretary of State 
and in consultation with the United States Commission on International 
Religious Freedom established under section 201(a) of the International 
Religious Freedom Act of 1998, shall develop a curriculum for training 
United States Foreign Service officers in the scope and strategic value 
of international religious freedom, how violations of international 
religious freedom harm fundamental United States interests, how the 
advancement of international religious freedom can advance such 
interests, how United States international religious freedom policy 
should be carried out in practice by United States diplomats and other 
Foreign Service officers, and the relevance and relationship of 
international religious freedom to United States defense, diplomacy, 
development, and public affairs efforts. The Secretary of State shall 
ensure the availability of sufficient resources to develop and 
implement such curriculum.
    ``(c) Information Sharing.--The curriculum and training materials 
developed pursuant to subsections (b) and (c) should be made available 
to all other Federal agencies.'';
            (4) in subsection (e), as redesignated, by striking ``The 
        Secretary of State'' and inserting ``Refugees.--The Secretary 
        of State''; and
            (5) in subsection (f), as redesignated, by striking ``The 
        Secretary of State'' and inserting ``Child Soldiers.--The 
        Secretary of State''.
    (b) Report.--Not later than 180 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State, with the assistance of 
the Ambassador at Large for International Religious Freedom, and the 
Director of the Foreign Service Institute, located at the George P. 
Shultz National Foreign Affairs Training Center, shall submit a report 
to the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives and 
the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate that contains a 
comprehensive plan for undertaking training for Foreign Service 
officers under section 708 of the Foreign Services Act of 1980, as 
amended by subsection (a).

SEC. 104. PRISONER LISTS AND ISSUE BRIEFS ON RELIGIOUS FREEDOM 
              CONCERNS.

    Section 108 of the International Religious Freedom Act of 1998 (22 
U.S.C. 6417) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (b), by striking ``faith,'' and inserting 
        ``activities, religious freedom advocacy, or efforts to protect 
        and advance the universally recognized right to the freedom of 
        religion,'';
            (2) in subsection (c), by striking ``, as appropriate, 
        provide'' and insert ``make available''; and
            (3) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(d) Victims List Maintained by the United States Commission on 
International Religious Freedom.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Commission shall make publicly 
        available, to the extent possible, online and in official 
        publications, lists of persons it determines are imprisoned or 
        detained, have disappeared, been placed under house arrest, 
        been tortured, or subjected to forced renunciations of faith 
        for their religious activity or religious freedom advocacy by 
        the government of a foreign country that the Commission 
        recommends for designation as a country of particular concern 
        for religious freedom under section 402(b)(1)(A)(ii) or by a 
        non-state actor that the Commission recommends for designation 
        as an entity of particular concern for religious freedom under 
        section 301 of the Frank R. Wolf International Religious 
        Freedom Act and include as much publicly available information 
        as possible on the conditions and circumstances of such 
        persons.
            ``(2) Discretion.--In compiling lists under paragraph (1), 
        the Commission shall exercise all appropriate discretion, 
        including consideration of the safety and security of, and 
        benefit to, the persons who may be included on the lists and 
        the families of such persons.''.

                  TITLE II--NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL

SEC. 201. SPECIAL ADVISER FOR INTERNATIONAL RELIGIOUS FREEDOM.

    The position described in section 101(k) of the National Security 
Act of 1947 (50 U.S.C. 2031(k) should assist the Ambassador at Large 
for International Religious Freedom to coordinate international 
religious freedom policies and strategies throughout the executive 
branch and within any interagency policy committee of which the 
Ambassador at Large is a member.

                    TITLE III--PRESIDENTIAL ACTIONS

SEC. 301. NON-STATE ACTOR DESIGNATIONS.

    (a) In General.--The President, concurrent with the annual foreign 
country review required under section 402(b)(1)(A) of the International 
Religious Freedom Act of 1998 (22 U.S.C. 6442(b)(1)(A)), shall--
            (1) review and identify any non-state actors operating in 
        any such reviewed country or surrounding region that have 
        engaged in particularly severe violations of religious freedom; 
        and
            (2) designate, in a manner consistent with such Act, each 
        such non-state actor as an entity of particular concern for 
        religious freedom.
    (b) Report.--Whenever the President designates a non-state actor 
under subsection (a) as an entity of particular concern for religious 
freedom, the President, as soon as practicable after the designation is 
made, shall submit a report to the appropriate congressional committees 
that describes the reasons for such designation.
    (c) Actions.--The President should take specific actions, when 
practicable, to address severe violations of religious freedom of non-
state actors that are designated under subsection (a)(2).
    (d) Department of State Annual Report.--The Secretary of State 
should include information detailing the reasons the President 
designated a non-state actor as an entity of particular concern for 
religious freedom under subsection (a) in the Annual Report required 
under section 102(b)(1) of the International Religious Freedom Act of 
1998 (22 U.S.C. 6412(b)(1)).
    (e) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--
            (1) the Secretary of State should work with Congress and 
        the U.S. Commission on International Religious Freedom--
                    (A) to create new political, financial, and 
                diplomatic tools to address severe violations of 
                religious freedom by non-state actors; and
                    (B) to update the actions the President can take 
                under section 405 of the International Religious 
                Freedom Act of 1998 (22 U.S.C. 6445);
            (2) governments must ultimately be held accountable for the 
        abuses that occur in their territories; and
            (3) any actions the President takes after designating a 
        non-state actor as an entity of particular concern should also 
        involve high-level diplomacy with the government of the country 
        in which the non-state actor is operating.
    (f) Determinations of Responsible Parties.--In order to 
appropriately target Presidential actions under the International 
Religious Freedom Act of 1998 (22 U.S.C. 6401 et seq.), the President, 
with respect to each non-state actor designated as an entity of 
particular concern for religious freedom under subsection (a), shall 
seek to determine the specific officials or members that are 
responsible for the particularly severe violations of religious freedom 
engaged in or tolerated by such non-state actor.
    (g) Definitions.--In this section, the terms ``appropriate 
congressional committees'', ``non-state actor'', and ``particularly 
severe violations of religious freedom'' have the meanings given such 
terms in section 3 of the International Religious Freedom Act of 1998 
(22 U.S.C. 6402), as amended by section 3 of this Act.

SEC. 302. PRESIDENTIAL ACTIONS IN RESPONSE TO PARTICULARLY SEVERE 
              VIOLATIONS OF RELIGIOUS FREEDOM.

    Section 402 of the International Religious Freedom Act of 1998 (22 
U.S.C. 6442) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (b)--
                    (A) in paragraph (1)--
                            (i) by amending subparagraph (A) to read as 
                        follows:
                    ``(A) In general.--Not later than 90 days after the 
                date on which each Annual Report is submitted under 
                section 102(b), the President shall--
                            ``(i) review the status of religious 
                        freedom in each foreign country to determine 
                        whether the government of that country has 
                        engaged in or tolerated particularly severe 
                        violations of religious freedom in each such 
                        country during the preceding 12 months or 
                        longer;
                            ``(ii) designate each country the 
                        government of which has engaged in or tolerated 
                        violations described in clause (i) as a country 
                        of particular concern for religious freedom; 
                        and
                            ``(iii) designate each country that engaged 
                        in or tolerated severe violations of religious 
                        freedom during the previous year, but does not 
                        meet, in the opinion of the President at the 
                        time of publication of the Annual Report, all 
                        of the criteria described in section 3(15) for 
                        designation under clause (ii) as being placed 
                        on a `Special Watch List'.''; and
                            (ii) in subparagraph (C), by striking 
                        ``prior to September 1 of the respective year'' 
                        and inserting ``before the date on which each 
                        Annual Report is submitted under section 
                        102(b)'';
                    (B) by amending paragraph (3) to read as follows:
            ``(3) Congressional notification.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Whenever the President 
                designates a country as a country of particular concern 
                for religious freedom under paragraph (1)(A)(ii), the 
                President, not later than 90 days after such 
                designation, shall submit to the appropriate 
                congressional committees--
                            ``(i) the designation of the country, 
                        signed by the President;
                            ``(ii) the identification, if any, of 
                        responsible parties determined under paragraph 
                        (2); and
                            ``(iii) a description of the actions taken 
                        under subsection (c), the purposes of the 
                        actions taken, and the effectiveness of the 
                        actions taken.
                    ``(B) Removal of designation.--A country that is 
                designated as a country of particular concern for 
                religious freedom under paragraph (1)(A)(ii) shall 
                retain such designation until the President determines 
                and reports to the appropriate congressional committees 
                that the country should no longer be so designated.''; 
                and
                    (C) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(4) Effect on designation as country of particular 
        concern.--The presence or absence of a country from the Special 
        Watch List in any given year shall not preclude the designation 
        of such country as a country of particular concern for 
        religious freedom under paragraph (1)(A)(ii) in any such 
        year.''; and
            (2) in subsection (c)(5), by striking ``the President must 
        designate the specific sanction or sanctions which he 
        determines satisfy the requirements of this subsection.'' and 
        inserting ``the President shall designate the specific sanction 
        or sanctions that the President determines satisfy the 
        requirements under this subsection and include a description of 
        the impact of such sanction or sanctions on each country.''.

SEC. 303. REPORT TO CONGRESS.

    Section 404(a)(4)(A) of the International Religious Freedom Act of 
1998 (22 U.S.C. 6444(a)(4)(A)) is amended--
            (1) in clause (ii), by striking ``and'' at the end;
            (2) in clause (iii), by striking the period at the end and 
        inserting ``; and''; and
            (3) by adding at the end the following:
                            ``(iv) the impact on the advancement of 
                        United States interests in democracy, human 
                        rights, and security, and a description of 
                        policy tools being applied in the country, 
                        including programs that target democratic 
                        stability, economic growth, and 
                        counterterrorism.''.

SEC. 304. PRESIDENTIAL WAIVER.

    Section 407 of the International Religious Freedom Act of 1998 (22 
U.S.C. 6447) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a)--
                    (A) by striking ``subsection (b)'' and inserting 
                ``subsection (c)'';
                    (B) by inserting ``, for a single, 180-day 
                period,'' after ``may waive'';
                    (C) by striking paragraph (1); and
                    (D) by redesignating paragraphs (2) and (3) as 
                paragraphs (1) and (2), respectively;
            (2) by redesignating subsection (b) as subsection (c);
            (3) by inserting after subsection (a) the following:
    ``(b) Additional Authority.--Subject to subsection (c), the 
President may waive, for any additional specified period of time after 
the 180-day period described in subsection (a), the application of any 
of the actions described in paragraphs (9) through (15) of section 
405(a) (or a commensurate substitute action) with respect to a country, 
if the President determines and reports to the appropriate 
congressional committees that--
            ``(1) the respective foreign government has ceased the 
        violations giving rise to the Presidential action; or
            ``(2) the important national interest of the United States 
        requires the exercise of such waiver authority.'';
            (4) in subsection (c), as redesignated, by inserting ``or 
        (b)'' after ``subsection (a)''; and
            (5) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(d) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--
            ``(1) ongoing and persistent waivers of the application of 
        any of the actions described in paragraphs (9) through (15) of 
        section 405(a) (or commensurate substitute action) with respect 
        to a country do not fulfill the purposes of this Act; and
            ``(2) because the promotion of religious freedom is a 
        compelling interest of United States foreign policy, the 
        President, the Secretary of State, and other executive branch 
        officials, in consultation with Congress, should seek to find 
        ways to address existing violations, on a case-by-case basis, 
        through the actions described in section 405 or other 
        commensurate substitute action.''.

SEC. 305. PUBLICATION IN THE FEDERAL REGISTER.

    Section 408(a)(1) of the International Religious Freedom Act of 
1998 (22 U.S.C. 6448(a)(1)) is amended by adding at the end the 
following: ``Any designation of a non-state actor as an entity of 
particular concern for religious freedom under section 301 of the Frank 
R. Wolf International Religious Freedom Act and, if applicable and to 
the extent practicable, the identities of individuals determined to be 
responsible for violations described in subsection (f) of such 
section.''.

                TITLE IV--PROMOTION OF RELIGIOUS FREEDOM

SEC. 401. ASSISTANCE FOR PROMOTING RELIGIOUS FREEDOM.

    (a) Availability of Assistance.--It is the sense of Congress that 
for each fiscal year that begins on or after the date of the enactment 
of this Act, the Secretary of State should make available, from amounts 
available--
            (1) sufficient funds for the vigorous promotion of 
        international religious freedom and for projects to advance 
        United States interests in the protection and advancement of 
        international religious freedom, in particular, through grants 
        to groups that--
                    (A) are capable of developing legal protections or 
                promoting cultural and societal understanding of 
                international norms of religious freedom;
                    (B) seek to address and mitigate religiously 
                motivated and sectarian violence and combat violent 
                extremism; or
                    (C) seek to strengthen investigations, reporting, 
                and monitoring of religious freedom violations, 
                including genocide perpetrated against religious 
                minorities; and
            (2) sufficient funds for the establishment of an effective 
        Religious Freedom Defense Fund, to be administered by the 
        Ambassador at Large for International Religious Freedom, to 
        provide grants for--
                    (A) victims of religious freedom abuses and their 
                families to cover legal and other expenses that may 
                arise from detention, imprisonment, torture, fines, and 
                other restrictions; and
                    (B) projects to help create and support training of 
                a new generation of defenders of religious freedom, 
                including legal and political advocates, and civil 
                society projects which seek to create advocacy 
                networks, strengthen legal representation, train and 
                educate new religious freedom defenders, and build the 
                capacity of religious communities and rights defenders 
                to protect against religious freedom violations, 
                mitigate societal or sectarian violence, or minimize 
                legal or other restrictions of the right to freedom of 
                religion.
    (b) Preference.--It is the sense of Congress that, in providing 
grants under subsection (a), the Ambassador at Large for International 
Religious Freedom should, as appropriate, give preference to projects 
targeting religious freedom violations in countries--
            (1) designated as countries of particular concern for 
        religious freedom under section 402(b)(1) of the International 
        Religious Freedom Act of 1998 (22 U.S.C. 6442(b)(1)); or
            (2) included on the Special Watch List described in section 
        402(b)(1)(A)(iii) of the International Religious Freedom Act of 
        1998, as added by section 302(1)(A)(i) of this Act.
    (c) Administration and Consultations.--
            (1) Administration.--Amounts made available under 
        subsection (a) shall be administered by the Ambassador at Large 
        for International Religious Freedom.
            (2) Consultations.--In developing priorities and policies 
        for providing grants authorized under subsection (a), including 
        programming and policy , the Ambassador at Large for 
        International Religious Freedom should consult with other 
        Federal agencies, including the United States Commission on 
        International Religious Freedom and, as appropriate, 
        nongovernmental organizations.

TITLE V--DESIGNATED PERSONS LIST FOR PARTICULARLY SEVERE VIOLATIONS OF 
                           RELIGIOUS FREEDOM

SEC. 501. DESIGNATED PERSONS LIST FOR PARTICULARLY SEVERE VIOLATIONS OF 
              RELIGIOUS FREEDOM.

    Title VI of the International Religious Freedom Act of 1998 (22 
U.S.C. 6471 et seq.) is amended--
            (1) by redesignating section 605 as section 606; and
            (2) by inserting after section 604 the following:

``SEC. 605. DESIGNATED PERSONS LIST FOR PARTICULARLY SEVERE VIOLATIONS 
              OF RELIGIOUS FREEDOM.

    ``(a) List.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary of State, in coordination 
        with the Ambassador at Large and in consultation with relevant 
        government and nongovernment experts, shall establish and 
        maintain a list of foreign individuals to whom a consular post 
        has denied a visa on the grounds of particularly severe 
        violations of religious freedom under section 212(a)(2)(G) of 
        the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1182(a)(2)(G)), 
        or who are subject to financial sanctions or other measures for 
        particularly severe violations of freedom religion.
            ``(2) Reference.--The list required under paragraph (1) 
        shall be known as the `Designated Persons List for Particularly 
        Severe Violations of Religious Freedom'.
    ``(b) Report.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary of State shall submit a 
        report to the appropriate congressional committees that 
        contains the list required under subsection (a), including, 
        with respect to each foreign individual on the list--
                    ``(A) the name of the individual and a description 
                of the particularly severe violation of religious 
                freedom committed by the individual;
                    ``(B) the name of the country or other location in 
                which such violation took place; and
                    ``(C) a description of the actions taken pursuant 
                to this Act or any other Act or Executive order in 
                response to such violation.
            ``(2) Submission and updates.--The Secretary of State shall 
        submit to the appropriate congressional committees--
                    ``(A) the initial report required under paragraph 
                (1) not later than 180 days after the date of the 
                enactment of the Frank R. Wolf International Religious 
                Freedom Act; and
                    ``(B) updates to the report every 180 days 
                thereafter and as new information becomes available.
            ``(3) Form.--The report required under paragraph (1) should 
        be submitted in unclassified form but may contain a classified 
        annex.
            ``(4) Definition.--In this subsection, the term 
        `appropriate congressional committees' means--
                    ``(A) the Committee on Foreign Relations of the 
                Senate;
                    ``(B) the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban 
                Affairs of the Senate;
                    ``(C) the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House 
                of Representatives; and
                    ``(D) the Committee on Financial Services of the 
                House of Representatives.''.

                   TITLE VI--MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS

SEC. 601. MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS.

    Title VII of the International Religious Freedom Act of 1998 (22 
U.S.C. 6481 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the following:

``SEC. 702. VOLUNTARY CODES OF CONDUCT FOR UNITED STATES INSTITUTIONS 
              OF HIGHER EDUCATION OUTSIDE THE UNITED STATES.

    ``(a) Finding.--Congress recognizes the enduring importance of 
United States institutions of higher education worldwide--
            ``(1) for their potential for shaping positive leadership 
        and new educational models in host countries; and
            ``(2) for their emphasis on teaching universally recognized 
        rights of free inquiry and academic freedom.
    ``(b) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that United 
States institutions of higher education operating campuses outside the 
United States or establishing any educational entities with foreign 
governments, particularly with or in countries the governments of which 
engage in or tolerate severe violations of religious freedom as 
identified in the Annual Report, should seek to adopt a voluntary code 
of conduct for operating in such countries that should--
            ``(1) uphold the right of freedom of religion of their 
        employees and students, including the right to manifest that 
        religion peacefully as protected in international law;
            ``(2) ensure that the religious views and peaceful practice 
        of religion in no way affect, or be allowed to affect, the 
        status of a worker's or faculty member's employment or a 
        student's enrollment; and
            ``(3) make every effort in all negotiations, contracts, or 
        memoranda of understanding engaged in or constructed with a 
        foreign government to protect academic freedom and the rights 
        enshrined in the United Nations Declaration of Human Rights.

``SEC. 703. SENSE OF CONGRESS REGARDING NATIONAL SECURITY STRATEGY TO 
              PROMOTE RELIGIOUS FREEDOM THROUGH UNITED STATES FOREIGN 
              POLICY.

    ``It is the sense of Congress that the annual national security 
strategy report of the President required under section 108 of the 
National Security Act of 1947 (50 U.S.C. 3043)--
            ``(1) should promote international religious freedom as a 
        foreign policy and national security priority; and
            ``(2) should articulate that promotion of the right to 
        freedom of religion is a strategy that--
                    ``(A) protects other, related human rights, and 
                advances democracy outside the United States; and
                    ``(B) makes clear its importance to United States 
                foreign policy goals of stability, security, 
                development, and diplomacy;
            ``(3) should be a guide for the strategies and activities 
        of relevant Federal agencies; and
            ``(4) should inform the Department of Defense quadrennial 
        defense review under section 118 of title 10, United States 
        Code, and the Department of State Quadrennial Diplomacy and 
        Development Review.''.

SEC. 602. CLERICAL AMENDMENTS.

    The table of contents of the International Religious Freedom Act of 
1998 (22 U.S.C. 6401 note) is amended--
            (1) by striking the item relating to section 605 and 
        inserting the following:

``Sec. 606. Studies on the effect of expedited removal provisions on 
                            asylum claims.'';
            (2) by inserting after the item relating to section 604 the 
        following:

``Sec. 605. Designated Persons List for Particularly Severe Violations 
                            of Religious Freedom.'';
        and
            (3) by adding at the end the following:

``Sec. 702. Voluntary codes of conduct for United States institutions 
                            of higher education operating outside the 
                            United States.
``Sec. 703. Sense of Congress regarding national security strategy to 
                            promote religious freedom through United 
                            States foreign policy.''.
                                                       Calendar No. 705

114th CONGRESS

  2d Session

                               H. R. 1150

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 AN ACT

To amend the International Religious Freedom Act of 1998 to improve the 
  ability of the United States to advance religious freedom globally 
  through enhanced diplomacy, training, counterterrorism, and foreign 
 assistance efforts, and through stronger and more flexible political 
    responses to religious freedom violations and violent extremism 
                   worldwide, and for other purposes.

_______________________________________________________________________

                            December 7, 2016

                       Reported with an amendment