[Congressional Bills 113th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[S. 2521 Engrossed in Senate (ES)]
113th CONGRESS
2d Session
S. 2521
_______________________________________________________________________
AN ACT
To amend chapter 35 of title 44, United States Code, to provide for
reform to Federal information security.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the
United States of America in Congress assembled,
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.
This Act may be cited as the ``Federal Information Security
Modernization Act of 2014''.
SEC. 2. FISMA REFORM.
(a) In General.--Chapter 35 of title 44, United States Code, is
amended by striking subchapters II and III and inserting the following:
``SUBCHAPTER II--INFORMATION SECURITY
``Sec. 3551. Purposes
``The purposes of this subchapter are to--
``(1) provide a comprehensive framework for ensuring the
effectiveness of information security controls over information
resources that support Federal operations and assets;
``(2) recognize the highly networked nature of the current
Federal computing environment and provide effective
governmentwide management and oversight of the related
information security risks, including coordination of
information security efforts throughout the civilian, national
security, and law enforcement communities;
``(3) provide for development and maintenance of minimum
controls required to protect Federal information and
information systems;
``(4) provide a mechanism for improved oversight of Federal
agency information security programs, including through
automated security tools to continuously diagnose and improve
security;
``(5) acknowledge that commercially developed information
security products offer advanced, dynamic, robust, and
effective information security solutions, reflecting market
solutions for the protection of critical information
infrastructures important to the national defense and economic
security of the nation that are designed, built, and operated
by the private sector; and
``(6) recognize that the selection of specific technical
hardware and software information security solutions should be
left to individual agencies from among commercially developed
products.
``Sec. 3552. Definitions
``(a) In General.--Except as provided under subsection (b), the
definitions under section 3502 shall apply to this subchapter.
``(b) Additional Definitions.--As used in this subchapter:
``(1) The term `binding operational directive' means a
compulsory direction to an agency that--
``(A) is for purposes of safeguarding Federal
information and information systems from a known or
reasonably suspected information security threat,
vulnerability, or risk;
``(B) shall be in accordance with policies,
principles, standards, and guidelines issued by the
Director; and
``(C) may be revised or repealed by the Director if
the direction issued on behalf of the Director is not
in accordance with policies and principles developed by
the Director.
``(2) The term `incident' means an occurrence that--
``(A) actually or imminently jeopardizes, without
lawful authority, the integrity, confidentiality, or
availability of information or an information system;
or
``(B) constitutes a violation or imminent threat of
violation of law, security policies, security
procedures, or acceptable use policies.
``(3) The term `information security' means protecting
information and information systems from unauthorized access,
use, disclosure, disruption, modification, or destruction in
order to provide--
``(A) integrity, which means guarding against
improper information modification or destruction, and
includes ensuring information nonrepudiation and
authenticity;
``(B) confidentiality, which means preserving
authorized restrictions on access and disclosure,
including means for protecting personal privacy and
proprietary information; and
``(C) availability, which means ensuring timely and
reliable access to and use of information.
``(4) The term `information technology' has the meaning
given that term in section 11101 of title 40.
``(5) The term `intelligence community' has the meaning
given that term in section 3(4) of the National Security Act of
1947 (50 U.S.C. 3003(4)).
``(6)(A) The term `national security system' means any
information system (including any telecommunications system)
used or operated by an agency or by a contractor of an agency,
or other organization on behalf of an agency--
``(i) the function, operation, or use of which--
``(I) involves intelligence activities;
``(II) involves cryptologic activities
related to national security;
``(III) involves command and control of
military forces;
``(IV) involves equipment that is an
integral part of a weapon or weapons system; or
``(V) subject to subparagraph (B), is
critical to the direct fulfillment of military
or intelligence missions; or
``(ii) is protected at all times by procedures
established for information that have been specifically
authorized under criteria established by an Executive
order or an Act of Congress to be kept classified in
the interest of national defense or foreign policy.
``(B) Subparagraph (A)(i)(V) does not include a system that
is to be used for routine administrative and business
applications (including payroll, finance, logistics, and
personnel management applications).
``(7) The term `Secretary' means the Secretary of Homeland
Security.
``Sec. 3553. Authority and functions of the Director and the Secretary
``(a) Director.--The Director shall oversee agency information
security policies and practices, including--
``(1) developing and overseeing the implementation of
policies, principles, standards, and guidelines on information
security, including through ensuring timely agency adoption of
and compliance with standards promulgated under section 11331
of title 40;
``(2) requiring agencies, consistent with the standards
promulgated under such section 11331 and the requirements of
this subchapter, to identify and provide information security
protections commensurate with the risk and magnitude of the
harm resulting from the unauthorized access, use, disclosure,
disruption, modification, or destruction of--
``(A) information collected or maintained by or on
behalf of an agency; or
``(B) information systems used or operated by an
agency or by a contractor of an agency or other
organization on behalf of an agency;
``(3) ensuring that the Secretary carries out the
authorities and functions under subsection (b);
``(4) coordinating the development of standards and
guidelines under section 20 of the National Institute of
Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278g-3) with agencies
and offices operating or exercising control of national
security systems (including the National Security Agency) to
assure, to the maximum extent feasible, that such standards and
guidelines are complementary with standards and guidelines
developed for national security systems;
``(5) overseeing agency compliance with the requirements of
this subchapter, including through any authorized action under
section 11303 of title 40, to enforce accountability for
compliance with such requirements; and
``(6) coordinating information security policies and
procedures with related information resources management
policies and procedures.
``(b) Secretary.--The Secretary, in consultation with the Director,
shall administer the implementation of agency information security
policies and practices for information systems, except for national
security systems and information systems described in paragraph (2) or
(3) of subsection (e), including--
``(1) assisting the Director in carrying out the
authorities and functions under paragraphs (1), (2), (3), (5),
and (6) of subsection (a);
``(2) developing and overseeing the implementation of
binding operational directives to agencies to implement the
policies, principles, standards, and guidelines developed by
the Director under subsection (a)(1) and the requirements of
this subchapter, which may be revised or repealed by the
Director if the operational directives issued on behalf of the
Director are not in accordance with policies, principles,
standards, and guidelines developed by the Director,
including--
``(A) requirements for reporting security incidents
to the Federal information security incident center
established under section 3556;
``(B) requirements for the contents of the annual
reports required to be submitted under section
3554(c)(1);
``(C) requirements for the mitigation of exigent
risks to information systems; and
``(D) other operational requirements as the
Director or Secretary, in consultation with the
Director, may determine necessary;
``(3) monitoring agency implementation of information
security policies and practices;
``(4) convening meetings with senior agency officials to
help ensure effective implementation of information security
policies and practices;
``(5) coordinating Government-wide efforts on information
security policies and practices, including consultation with
the Chief Information Officers Council established under
section 3603 and the Director of the National Institute of
Standards and Technology;
``(6) providing operational and technical assistance to
agencies in implementing policies, principles, standards, and
guidelines on information security, including implementation of
standards promulgated under section 11331 of title 40,
including by--
``(A) operating the Federal information security
incident center established under section 3556;
``(B) upon request by an agency, deploying
technology to assist the agency to continuously
diagnose and mitigate against cyber threats and
vulnerabilities, with or without reimbursement;
``(C) compiling and analyzing data on agency
information security; and
``(D) developing and conducting targeted
operational evaluations, including threat and
vulnerability assessments, on the information systems;
and
``(7) other actions as the Director or the Secretary, in
consultation with the Director, may determine necessary to
carry out this subsection.
``(c) Report.--Not later than March 1 of each year, the Director,
in consultation with the Secretary, shall submit to Congress a report
on the effectiveness of information security policies and practices
during the preceding year, including--
``(1) a summary of the incidents described in the annual
reports required to be submitted under section 3554(c)(1),
including a summary of the information required under section
3554(c)(1)(A)(iii);
``(2) a description of the threshold for reporting major
information security incidents;
``(3) a summary of the results of evaluations required to
be performed under section 3555;
``(4) an assessment of agency compliance with standards
promulgated under section 11331 of title 40; and
``(5) an assessment of agency compliance with data breach
notification policies and procedures issued by the Director.
``(d) National Security Systems.--Except for the authorities and
functions described in subsection (a)(5) and subsection (c), the
authorities and functions of the Director and the Secretary under this
section shall not apply to national security systems.
``(e) Department of Defense and Intelligence Community Systems.--
(1) The authorities of the Director described in paragraphs (1) and (2)
of subsection (a) shall be delegated to the Secretary of Defense in the
case of systems described in paragraph (2) and to the Director of
National Intelligence in the case of systems described in paragraph
(3).
``(2) The systems described in this paragraph are systems that are
operated by the Department of Defense, a contractor of the Department
of Defense, or another entity on behalf of the Department of Defense
that processes any information the unauthorized access, use,
disclosure, disruption, modification, or destruction of which would
have a debilitating impact on the mission of the Department of Defense.
``(3) The systems described in this paragraph are systems that are
operated by an element of the intelligence community, a contractor of
an element of the intelligence community, or another entity on behalf
of an element of the intelligence community that processes any
information the unauthorized access, use, disclosure, disruption,
modification, or destruction of which would have a debilitating impact
on the mission of an element of the intelligence community.
``(f) Consideration.--
``(1) In general.--In carrying out the responsibilities
under subsection (b), the Secretary shall consider any
applicable standards or guidelines developed by the National
Institute of Standards and Technology and issued by the
Secretary of Commerce under section 11331 of title 40.
``(2) Directives.--The Secretary shall--
``(A) consult with the Director of the National
Institute of Standards and Technology regarding any
binding operational directive that implements standards
and guidelines developed by the National Institute of
Standards and Technology; and
``(B) ensure that binding operational directives
issued under subsection (b)(2) do not conflict with the
standards and guidelines issued under section 11331 of
title 40.
``(3) Rule of construction.--Nothing in this subchapter
shall be construed as authorizing the Secretary to direct the
Secretary of Commerce in the development and promulgation of
standards and guidelines under section 11331 of title 40.
``(g) Exercise of Authority.--To ensure fiscal and policy
consistency, the Secretary shall exercise the authority under this
section subject to direction by the President, in coordination with the
Director.
``Sec. 3554. Federal agency responsibilities
``(a) In General.--The head of each agency shall--
``(1) be responsible for--
``(A) providing information security protections
commensurate with the risk and magnitude of the harm
resulting from unauthorized access, use, disclosure,
disruption, modification, or destruction of--
``(i) information collected or maintained
by or on behalf of the agency; and
``(ii) information systems used or operated
by an agency or by a contractor of an agency or
other organization on behalf of an agency;
``(B) complying with the requirements of this
subchapter and related policies, procedures, standards,
and guidelines, including--
``(i) information security standards
promulgated under section 11331 of title 40;
``(ii) operational directives developed by
the Secretary under section 3553(b);
``(iii) policies and procedures issued by
the Director; and
``(iv) information security standards and
guidelines for national security systems issued
in accordance with law and as directed by the
President; and
``(C) ensuring that information security management
processes are integrated with agency strategic,
operational, and budgetary planning processes;
``(2) ensure that senior agency officials provide
information security for the information and information
systems that support the operations and assets under their
control, including through--
``(A) assessing the risk and magnitude of the harm
that could result from the unauthorized access, use,
disclosure, disruption, modification, or destruction of
such information or information systems;
``(B) determining the levels of information
security appropriate to protect such information and
information systems in accordance with standards
promulgated under section 11331 of title 40, for
information security classifications and related
requirements;
``(C) implementing policies and procedures to cost-
effectively reduce risks to an acceptable level; and
``(D) periodically testing and evaluating
information security controls and techniques to ensure
that they are effectively implemented;
``(3) delegate to the agency Chief Information Officer
established under section 3506 (or comparable official in an
agency not covered by such section) the authority to ensure
compliance with the requirements imposed on the agency under
this subchapter, including--
``(A) designating a senior agency information
security officer who shall--
``(i) carry out the Chief Information
Officer's responsibilities under this section;
``(ii) possess professional qualifications,
including training and experience, required to
administer the functions described under this
section;
``(iii) have information security duties as
that official's primary duty; and
``(iv) head an office with the mission and
resources to assist in ensuring agency
compliance with this section;
``(B) developing and maintaining an agencywide
information security program as required by subsection
(b);
``(C) developing and maintaining information
security policies, procedures, and control techniques
to address all applicable requirements, including those
issued under section 3553 of this title and section
11331 of title 40;
``(D) training and overseeing personnel with
significant responsibilities for information security
with respect to such responsibilities; and
``(E) assisting senior agency officials concerning
their responsibilities under paragraph (2);
``(4) ensure that the agency has trained personnel
sufficient to assist the agency in complying with the
requirements of this subchapter and related policies,
procedures, standards, and guidelines;
``(5) ensure that the agency Chief Information Officer, in
coordination with other senior agency officials, reports
annually to the agency head on the effectiveness of the agency
information security program, including progress of remedial
actions;
``(6) ensure that senior agency officials, including chief
information officers of component agencies or equivalent
officials, carry out responsibilities under this subchapter as
directed by the official delegated authority under paragraph
(3); and
``(7) ensure that all personnel are held accountable for
complying with the agency-wide information security program
implemented under subsection (b).
``(b) Agency Program.--Each agency shall develop, document, and
implement an agency-wide information security program to provide
information security for the information and information systems that
support the operations and assets of the agency, including those
provided or managed by another agency, contractor, or other source,
that includes--
``(1) periodic assessments of the risk and magnitude of the
harm that could result from the unauthorized access, use,
disclosure, disruption, modification, or destruction of
information and information systems that support the operations
and assets of the agency, which may include using automated
tools consistent with standards and guidelines promulgated
under section 11331 of title 40;
``(2) policies and procedures that--
``(A) are based on the risk assessments required by
paragraph (1);
``(B) cost-effectively reduce information security
risks to an acceptable level;
``(C) ensure that information security is addressed
throughout the life cycle of each agency information
system; and
``(D) ensure compliance with--
``(i) the requirements of this subchapter;
``(ii) policies and procedures as may be
prescribed by the Director, and information
security standards promulgated under section
11331 of title 40;
``(iii) minimally acceptable system
configuration requirements, as determined by
the agency; and
``(iv) any other applicable requirements,
including standards and guidelines for national
security systems issued in accordance with law
and as directed by the President;
``(3) subordinate plans for providing adequate information
security for networks, facilities, and systems or groups of
information systems, as appropriate;
``(4) security awareness training to inform personnel,
including contractors and other users of information systems
that support the operations and assets of the agency, of--
``(A) information security risks associated with
their activities; and
``(B) their responsibilities in complying with
agency policies and procedures designed to reduce these
risks;
``(5) periodic testing and evaluation of the effectiveness
of information security policies, procedures, and practices, to
be performed with a frequency depending on risk, but no less
than annually, of which such testing--
``(A) shall include testing of management,
operational, and technical controls of every
information system identified in the inventory required
under section 3505(c);
``(B) may include testing relied on in an
evaluation under section 3555; and
``(C) shall include using automated tools,
consistent with standards and guidelines promulgated
under section 11331 of title 40;
``(6) a process for planning, implementing, evaluating, and
documenting remedial action to address any deficiencies in the
information security policies, procedures, and practices of the
agency;
``(7) procedures for detecting, reporting, and responding
to security incidents, which--
``(A) shall be consistent with the standards and
guidelines described in section 3556(b);
``(B) may include using automated tools; and
``(C) shall include--
``(i) mitigating risks associated with such
incidents before substantial damage is done;
``(ii) notifying and consulting with the
Federal information security incident center
established in section 3556; and
``(iii) notifying and consulting with, as
appropriate--
``(I) law enforcement agencies and
relevant Offices of Inspector General
and Offices of General Counsel;
``(II) an office designated by the
President for any incident involving a
national security system;
``(III) for a major incident, the
committees of Congress described in
subsection (c)(1)--
``(aa) not later than 7
days after the date on which
there is a reasonable basis to
conclude that the major
incident has occurred; and
``(bb) after the initial
notification under item (aa),
within a reasonable period of
time after additional
information relating to the
incident is discovered,
including the summary required
under subsection (c)(1)(A)(i);
and
``(IV) any other agency or office,
in accordance with law or as directed
by the President; and
``(8) plans and procedures to ensure continuity of
operations for information systems that support the operations
and assets of the agency.
``(c) Agency Reporting.--
``(1) Annual report.--
``(A) In general.--Each agency shall submit to the
Director, the Secretary, the Committee on Government
Reform, the Committee on Homeland Security, and the
Committee on Science of the House of Representatives,
the Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental
Affairs and the Committee on Commerce, Science, and
Transportation of the Senate, the appropriate
authorization and appropriations committees of
Congress, and the Comptroller General a report on the
adequacy and effectiveness of information security
policies, procedures, and practices, including--
``(i) a description of each major
information security incident or related sets
of incidents, including summaries of--
``(I) the threats and threat
actors, vulnerabilities, and impacts
relating to the incident;
``(II) the risk assessments
conducted under section 3554(a)(2)(A)
of the affected information systems
before the date on which the incident
occurred;
``(III) the status of compliance of
the affected information systems with
applicable security requirements at the
time of the incident; and
``(IV) the detection, response, and
remediation actions;
``(ii) the total number of information
security incidents, including a description of
incidents resulting in significant compromise
of information security, system impact levels,
types of incident, and locations of affected
systems;
``(iii) a description of each major
information security incident that involved a
breach of personally identifiable information,
as defined by the Director, including--
``(I) the number of individuals
whose information was affected by the
major information security incident;
and
``(II) a description of the
information that was breached or
exposed; and
``(iv) any other information as the
Director or the Secretary, in consultation with
the Director, may require.
``(B) Unclassified report.--
``(i) In general.--Each report submitted
under subparagraph (A) shall be in unclassified
form, but may include a classified annex.
``(ii) Access to information.--The head of
an agency shall ensure that, to the greatest
extent practicable, information is included in
the unclassified version of the reports
submitted by the agency under subparagraph (A).
``(2) Other plans and reports.--Each agency shall address
the adequacy and effectiveness of information security
policies, procedures, and practices in management plans and
reports.
``(d) Performance Plan.--(1) In addition to the requirements of
subsection (c), each agency, in consultation with the Director, shall
include as part of the performance plan required under section 1115 of
title 31 a description of--
``(A) the time periods; and
``(B) the resources, including budget, staffing, and
training,
that are necessary to implement the program required under subsection
(b).
``(2) The description under paragraph (1) shall be based on the
risk assessments required under subsection (b)(1).
``(e) Public Notice and Comment.--Each agency shall provide the
public with timely notice and opportunities for comment on proposed
information security policies and procedures to the extent that such
policies and procedures affect communication with the public.
``Sec. 3555. Annual independent evaluation
``(a) In General.--(1) Each year each agency shall have performed
an independent evaluation of the information security program and
practices of that agency to determine the effectiveness of such program
and practices.
``(2) Each evaluation under this section shall include--
``(A) testing of the effectiveness of information security
policies, procedures, and practices of a representative subset
of the agency's information systems;
``(B) an assessment of the effectiveness of the information
security policies, procedures, and practices of the agency; and
``(C) separate presentations, as appropriate, regarding
information security relating to national security systems.
``(b) Independent Auditor.--Subject to subsection (c)--
``(1) for each agency with an Inspector General appointed
under the Inspector General Act of 1978, the annual evaluation
required by this section shall be performed by the Inspector
General or by an independent external auditor, as determined by
the Inspector General of the agency; and
``(2) for each agency to which paragraph (1) does not
apply, the head of the agency shall engage an independent
external auditor to perform the evaluation.
``(c) National Security Systems.--For each agency operating or
exercising control of a national security system, that portion of the
evaluation required by this section directly relating to a national
security system shall be performed--
``(1) only by an entity designated by the agency head; and
``(2) in such a manner as to ensure appropriate protection
for information associated with any information security
vulnerability in such system commensurate with the risk and in
accordance with all applicable laws.
``(d) Existing Evaluations.--The evaluation required by this
section may be based in whole or in part on an audit, evaluation, or
report relating to programs or practices of the applicable agency.
``(e) Agency Reporting.--(1) Each year, not later than such date
established by the Director, the head of each agency shall submit to
the Director the results of the evaluation required under this section.
``(2) To the extent an evaluation required under this section
directly relates to a national security system, the evaluation results
submitted to the Director shall contain only a summary and assessment
of that portion of the evaluation directly relating to a national
security system.
``(f) Protection of Information.--Agencies and evaluators shall
take appropriate steps to ensure the protection of information which,
if disclosed, may adversely affect information security. Such
protections shall be commensurate with the risk and comply with all
applicable laws and regulations.
``(g) OMB Reports to Congress.--(1) The Director shall summarize
the results of the evaluations conducted under this section in the
report to Congress required under section 3553(c).
``(2) The Director's report to Congress under this subsection shall
summarize information regarding information security relating to
national security systems in such a manner as to ensure appropriate
protection for information associated with any information security
vulnerability in such system commensurate with the risk and in
accordance with all applicable laws.
``(3) Evaluations and any other descriptions of information systems
under the authority and control of the Director of National
Intelligence or of National Foreign Intelligence Programs systems under
the authority and control of the Secretary of Defense shall be made
available to Congress only through the appropriate oversight committees
of Congress, in accordance with applicable laws.
``(h) Comptroller General.--The Comptroller General shall
periodically evaluate and report to Congress on--
``(1) the adequacy and effectiveness of agency information
security policies and practices; and
``(2) implementation of the requirements of this
subchapter.
``(i) Assessment Technical Assistance.--The Comptroller General may
provide technical assistance to an Inspector General or the head of an
agency, as applicable, to assist the Inspector General or head of an
agency in carrying out the duties under this section, including by
testing information security controls and procedures.
``(j) Guidance.--The Director, in consultation with the Secretary,
the Chief Information Officers Council established under section 3603,
the Council of the Inspectors General on Integrity and Efficiency, and
other interested parties as appropriate, shall ensure the development
of guidance for evaluating the effectiveness of an information security
program and practices.
``Sec. 3556. Federal information security incident center
``(a) In General.--The Secretary shall ensure the operation of a
central Federal information security incident center to--
``(1) provide timely technical assistance to operators of
agency information systems regarding security incidents,
including guidance on detecting and handling information
security incidents;
``(2) compile and analyze information about incidents that
threaten information security;
``(3) inform operators of agency information systems about
current and potential information security threats, and
vulnerabilities;
``(4) provide, as appropriate, intelligence and other
information about cyber threats, vulnerabilities, and incidents
to agencies to assist in risk assessments conducted under
section 3554(b); and
``(5) consult with the National Institute of Standards and
Technology, agencies or offices operating or exercising control
of national security systems (including the National Security
Agency), and such other agencies or offices in accordance with
law and as directed by the President regarding information
security incidents and related matters.
``(b) National Security Systems.--Each agency operating or
exercising control of a national security system shall share
information about information security incidents, threats, and
vulnerabilities with the Federal information security incident center
to the extent consistent with standards and guidelines for national
security systems, issued in accordance with law and as directed by the
President.
``Sec. 3557. National security systems
``The head of each agency operating or exercising control of a
national security system shall be responsible for ensuring that the
agency--
``(1) provides information security protections
commensurate with the risk and magnitude of the harm resulting
from the unauthorized access, use, disclosure, disruption,
modification, or destruction of the information contained in
such system;
``(2) implements information security policies and
practices as required by standards and guidelines for national
security systems, issued in accordance with law and as directed
by the President; and
``(3) complies with the requirements of this subchapter.
``Sec. 3558. Effect on existing law
``Nothing in this subchapter, section 11331 of title 40, or section
20 of the National Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278g-3) may
be construed as affecting the authority of the President, the Office of
Management and Budget or the Director thereof, the National Institute
of Standards and Technology, or the head of any agency, with respect to
the authorized use or disclosure of information, including with regard
to the protection of personal privacy under section 552a of title 5,
the disclosure of information under section 552 of title 5, the
management and disposition of records under chapters 29, 31, or 33 of
title 44, the management of information resources under subchapter I of
chapter 35 of this title, or the disclosure of information to the
Congress or the Comptroller General of the United States.''.
(b) Major Incident.--The Director of the Office of Management and
Budget shall--
(1) develop guidance on what constitutes a major incident
for purposes of section 3554(b) of title 44, United States
Code, as added by subsection (a); and
(2) provide to Congress periodic briefings on the status of
the developing of the guidance until the date on which the
guidance is issued.
(c) Continuous Diagnostics.--During the 2 year period beginning on
the date of enactment of this Act, the Director of the Office of
Management and Budget, with the assistance of the Secretary of Homeland
Security, shall include in each report submitted under section 3553(c)
of title 44, United States Code, as added by subsection (a), an
assessment of the adoption by agencies of continuous diagnostics
technologies, including through the Continuous Diagnostics and
Mitigation program, and other advanced security tools to provide
information security, including challenges to the adoption of such
technologies or security tools.
(d) Breaches.--
(1) Requirements.--The Director of the Office of Management
and Budget shall ensure that data breach notification policies
and guidelines are updated periodically and require--
(A) except as provided in paragraph (4), notice by
the affected agency to each committee of Congress
described in section 3554(c)(1) of title 44, United
States Code, as added by subsection (a), the Committee
on the Judiciary of the Senate, and the Committee on
the Judiciary of the House of Representatives, which
shall--
(i) be provided expeditiously and not later
than 30 days after the date on which the agency
discovered the unauthorized acquisition or
access; and
(ii) include--
(I) information about the breach,
including a summary of any information
that the agency knows on the date on
which notification is provided about
how the breach occurred;
(II) an estimate of the number of
individuals affected by the breach,
based on information that the agency
knows on the date on which notification
is provided, including an assessment of
the risk of harm to affected
individuals;
(III) a description of any
circumstances necessitating a delay in
providing notice to affected
individuals; and
(IV) an estimate of whether and
when the agency will provide notice to
affected individuals; and
(B) notice by the affected agency to affected
individuals, pursuant to data breach notification
policies and guidelines, which shall be provided as
expeditiously as practicable and without unreasonable
delay after the agency discovers the unauthorized
acquisition or access.
(2) National security; law enforcement; remediation.--The
Attorney General, the head of an element of the intelligence
community (as such term is defined under section 3(4) of the
National Security Act of 1947 (50 U.S.C. 3003(4)), or the
Secretary of Homeland Security may delay the notice to affected
individuals under paragraph (1)(B) if the notice would disrupt
a law enforcement investigation, endanger national security, or
hamper security remediation actions.
(3) Reports.--
(A) Director of omb.--During the first 2 years
beginning after the date of enactment of this Act, the
Director of the Office of Management and Budget shall,
on an annual basis--
(i) assess agency implementation of data
breach notification policies and guidelines in
aggregate; and
(ii) include the assessment described in
clause (i) in the report required under section
3553(c) of title 44, United States Code.
(B) Secretary of homeland security.--During the
first 2 years beginning after the date of enactment of
this Act, the Secretary of Homeland Security shall
include an assessment of the status of agency
implementation of data breach notification policies and
guidelines in the requirements under section
3553(b)(2)(B) of title 44, United States Code.
(4) Exception.--Any element of the intelligence community
(as such term is defined under section 3(4) of the National
Security Act of 1947 (50 U.S.C. 3003(4)) that is required to
provide notice under paragraph (1)(A) shall only provide such
notice to appropriate committees of Congress.
(5) Rule of construction.--Nothing in paragraph (1) shall
be construed to alter any authority of a Federal agency or
department.
(e) Technical and Conforming Amendments.--
(1) Table of sections.--The table of sections for chapter
35 of title 44, United States Code is amended by striking the
matter relating to subchapters II and III and inserting the
following:
``subchapter ii--information security
``3551. Purposes.
``3552. Definitions.
``3553. Authority and functions of the Director and the Secretary.
``3554. Federal agency responsibilities.
``3555. Annual independent evaluation.
``3556. Federal information security incident center.
``3557. National security systems.
``3558. Effect on existing law.''.
(2) Cybersecurity research and development act.--Section
8(d)(1) of the Cybersecurity Research and Development Act (15
U.S.C. 7406) is amended by striking ``section 3534'' and
inserting ``section 3554''.
(3) Homeland security act of 2002.--The Homeland Security
Act of 2002 (6 U.S.C. 101 et seq.) is amended--
(A) in section 223 (6 U.S.C. 143)
(i) in the section heading, by inserting
``federal and'' before ``non-federal'';
(ii) in the matter preceding paragraph (1),
by striking ``the Under Secretary for
Intelligence and Analysis, in cooperation with
the Assistant Secretary for Infrastructure
Protection'' and inserting ``the Under
Secretary appointed under section
103(a)(1)(H)'';
(iii) in paragraph (2), by striking the
period at the end and inserting ``; and''; and
(iv) by adding at the end the following:
``(3) fulfill the responsibilities of the Secretary to
protect Federal information systems under subchapter II of
chapter 35 of title 44, United States Code.'';
(B) in section 1001(c)(1)(A) (6 U.S.C.
511(c)(1)(A)), by striking ``section 3532(3)'' and
inserting ``section 3552(b)(5)''; and
(C) in the table of contents in section 1(b), by
striking the item relating to section 223 and inserting
the following:
``Sec. 223. Enhancement of Federal and non-Federal cybersecurity.''.
(4) National institute of standards and technology act.--
Section 20 of the National Institute of Standards and
Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278g-3) is amended--
(A) in subsection (a)(2), by striking ``section
3532(b)(2)'' and inserting ``section 3552(b)(5)''; and
(B) in subsection (e)--
(i) in paragraph (2), by striking ``section
3532(1)'' and inserting ``section 3552(b)(2)'';
and
(ii) in paragraph (5), by striking
``section 3532(b)(2)'' and inserting ``section
3552(b)(5)''.
(5) Title 10.--Title 10, United States Code, is amended--
(A) in section 2222(j)(5), by striking ``section
3542(b)(2)'' and inserting ``section 3552(b)(5)'';
(B) in section 2223(c)(3), by striking ``section
3542(b)(2)'' and inserting ``section 3552(b)(5)''; and
(C) in section 2315, by striking ``section
3542(b)(2)'' and inserting ``section 3552(b)(5)''.
(f) Other Provisions.--
(1) Circular a-130.--Not later than 1 year after the date
of enactment of this Act, the Director of the Office of
Management and Budget shall amend or revise Office of
Management and Budget Circular A-130 to eliminate inefficient
or wasteful reporting. The Director of the Office of Management
and Budget shall provide quarterly briefings to Congress on the
status of the amendment or revision required under this
paragraph.
(2) ISPAB.--Section 21(b) of the National Institute of
Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278g-4(b)) is amended--
(A) in paragraph (2), by inserting ``, the
Secretary of Homeland Security,'' after ``the
Institute''; and
(B) in paragraph (3), by inserting ``the Secretary
of Homeland Security,'' after ``the Secretary of
Commerce,''.
Passed the Senate December 8, 2014.
Attest:
Secretary.
113th CONGRESS
2d Session
S. 2521
_______________________________________________________________________
AN ACT
To amend chapter 35 of title 44, United States Code, to provide for
reform to Federal information security.