1.Short title; table of
contents
(a)This Act may be cited
as the Foodborne Illness Reduction Act
of 2011
.
(b)The table of contents of this Act is as follows:
Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents.
Sec. 2. Findings; purposes.
TITLE I—Protection against foodborne illnesses
Sec. 101. Definition of adulterated.
TITLE II—Food Safety
Sec. 201. Food safety.
TITLE III—Research and education
Sec. 211. Definition of Secretary.
Sec. 212. Foodborne illness surveillance systems.
Sec. 213. FSIS research department.
Sec. 214. Public health assessment system.
Sec. 215. Public education and advisory system.
Sec. 216. Research.
TITLE IV—Criminal penalty and other provisions
Sec. 221. Criminal penalties.
Sec. 222. Study on HACCP-based Inspection Models
Project.
Sec. 223. Study on the effect of worker safety on food
safety.
2.
(a)Congress
finds that—
(1)the safety of the
food supply of the United States is vital to the public health, public
confidence in the food supply, and the success of the food sector of the
economy of the United States;
(2)lapses in the
protection of the food supply and the loss of public confidence that results
from foodborne illness outbreaks and food recalls are damaging to consumers and
the food industry, and place a burden on interstate commerce and international
trade;
(3)the Food Safety
and Inspection Service of the Department of Agriculture has jurisdiction over
meat, poultry, and egg products;
(4)(A)recent events
demonstrate that the food safety system administered by the Food Safety and
Inspection Service needs modernizing to fully control hazards in regulated
food; and
(B)these events have adversely affected
consumer confidence;
(5)new and emerging
pathogens such as antibiotic-resistant Salmonella, and enterohemorrhagic (EHEC)
Shiga toxin-producing serotypes of Escherichia coli (E. coli) place an
increasing number of people at high risk for foodborne illness;
(6)several court
decisions, relying on outdated understandings of the risks and nature of
microbiological contaminants, have issued rulings that impose barriers to
reasonable efforts by the Food Safety and Inspection Service to prevent
foodborne illness;
(7)Federal food
safety standard setting, inspection, enforcement, and research efforts should
be based on the best available science and public health considerations, and
food safety resources should be deployed in ways that most effectively prevent
foodborne illness;
(8)the Federal Meat
Inspection Act (21 U.S.C. 601 et seq.) was first enacted in 1907, the Poultry
Products Inspection Act (21 U.S.C. 451 et seq.) was first enacted in 1957, and
the last substantial amendment to those laws occurred 44 years before the date
of enactment of this Act;
(9)Congress passed
the Department of Agriculture Reorganization Act of 1994 (7 U.S.C. 6901 et
seq.), establishing the office of the Under Secretary of Agriculture for Food
Safety in order to centralize and modernize the food safety system at the
Department of Agriculture; and
(10)improving
Federal oversight of food safety requires a modern food safety mandate and
clear authorities to effectively protect the public from foodborne diseases
associated with the products that the Food Safety and Inspection Service
regulates.
(b)The
purposes of this Act are—
(1)to establish an
effective, preventive food safety system administered by the Food Safety and
Inspection Service—
(A)to regulate food
safety and labeling to strengthen the protection of the public health;
(B)to focus new
attention on emerging pathogens in the food supply, such as EHEC, including
Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC), and Salmonella strains, including strains
that are antibiotic resistant;
(C)to participate
with the Food and Drug Administration in an integrated, systemwide approach to
food safety and to make more effective and efficient use of resources to
prevent foodborne illness; and
(D)to provide an
integrated food safety research capability, including internally generated,
scientifically and statistically valid studies, in cooperation with academic
institutions and other scientific and regulatory entities of the Federal and
State governments;
(2)to modernize and
strengthen the Federal food safety system to ensure more effective application
and efficient management of the laws for the protection and improvement of
public health; and
(3)to establish that
food establishments have responsibility to ensure that all stages of
production, processing, and distribution of the products of the food
establishments, or under the control of the food establishments, satisfy the
requirements of this Act.
<enum>I</enum><header>Protection
against foodborne illnesses</header>
<section id="id7638F87139EB496E9551F2ED2D90D3E1"><enum>101.</enum><header>Definition of
adulterated</header>
<subsection commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="idDEE7E5C89EF1419FABB588C3A64DF1DC"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Meat and meat
food products</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Section 1(m) of
the Federal Meat Inspection Act (21 U.S.C. 601(m)) is amended—</text>
<paragraph id="idD5AC32DD3DF84BA3B07CD260AF19130A"><enum>(1)</enum><text>in paragraph (8),
by striking <quote>or</quote> at the end;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="idE3E5852BC8D7433191A9B4BD00DFEBF7"><enum>(2)</enum><text>in paragraph (9),
by striking the period at the end and inserting <quote>; or</quote>; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="id7D1245777A664DC98C1D7EFD42AAD519"><enum>(3)</enum><text>by adding at the
end the following:</text>
<quoted-block display-inline="no-display-inline" id="id1D7EB48E9598456F9A68242C6EE96320" style="OLC">
<paragraph id="ID1f2611a5351643b68f8d2aec8c31f490"><enum>(10)</enum><text>if it is an
emerging pathogen that is associated with actual or potential human illnesses
or death, including at a minimum pathogens such as antibiotic-resistant strains
of Salmonella or enterohemorrhagic (EHEC) Shiga toxin-producing serotypes of
Escherichia coli (E.
coli).</text>
</paragraph><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="id4417BDBDEF8D48FC9DF245A82E7DC265"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Poultry and
poultry products</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Section 4(g)
of the Poultry Products Inspection Act (21 U.S.C. 453(g)) is amended—</text>
<paragraph id="id504ED9FA7429452693A37729028A7786"><enum>(1)</enum><text>in paragraph (7),
by striking <quote>or</quote> at the end;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="id4450B18A85094C9AA0CE5D145553DA94"><enum>(2)</enum><text>in paragraph (8),
by striking the period at the end and inserting <quote>; or</quote>; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="id29848BB0AF2442158AA95C73A9407C16"><enum>(3)</enum><text>by adding at the
end the following:</text>
<quoted-block display-inline="no-display-inline" id="idD2DB5E50BA8E46A79C5123A9EAB096AC" style="OLC">
<paragraph id="id86DF11F6E8B748249CFE012B126707A5"><enum>(9)</enum><text>if it is an
emerging pathogen that is associated with actual or potential human illnesses
or death, including at a minimum pathogens such as antibiotic-resistant strains
of Salmonella or enterohemorrhagic (EHEC) Shiga toxin-producing serotypes of
Escherichia coli (E.
coli).</text>
</paragraph><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="id265FAF419FBA44F68E969394E929849F"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Eggs and egg
products</header><text>Section 4(a) of the Egg Products Inspection Act (21
U.S.C. 1033(a)) is amended—</text>
<paragraph id="id288E8BA24F984E73961BC50F6B67481F"><enum>(1)</enum><text>in paragraph (7),
by striking <quote>or</quote> at the end;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="id2BF043FFC57C4471AE12BDA0B02311DE"><enum>(2)</enum><text>in paragraph (8),
by striking the period at the end and inserting <quote>; or</quote>; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="idC2F576D7BB11449DB7E396A50128F928"><enum>(3)</enum><text>by adding at the
end the following:</text>
<quoted-block display-inline="no-display-inline" id="idDB76922882F442FABCD08BA2D8758D3D" style="OLC">
<paragraph id="id140329367F104978A123060EC426CF71"><enum>(9)</enum><text>if it is an
emerging pathogen that is associated with actual or potential human illnesses
or death, including at a minimum pathogens such as antibiotic-resistant strains
of Salmonella or enterohemorrhagic (EHEC) Shiga toxin-producing serotypes of
Escherichia coli (E.
coli).</text>
</paragraph><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block>
</paragraph></subsection></section><enum>II</enum><header>Food
Safety</header>
<section id="H2D5547AA04DF4A66B1772B9F005B1B14"><enum>201.</enum><header>Food
safety</header>
<subsection id="idDD6DA4E374734DBA90BBB49A4659A3F3"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Subtitle G of the
Department of Agriculture Reorganization Act of 1994 (7 U.S.C. 6981 et seq.) is
amended—</text>
<paragraph id="idEC098370DAD44FB983E8F1E68A648A08"><enum>(1)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">by inserting after the subtitle heading the
following:</text>
<quoted-block display-inline="no-display-inline" id="idC008B65914EC44E4B3D31B0C52A9A27B" style="OLC">
<part id="id3D3416105FE44911A77027131C6FDE26"><enum>I</enum><header>Administration</header>
</part><after-quoted-block>;</after-quoted-block></quoted-block>
<continuation-text continuation-text-level="paragraph">and</continuation-text></paragraph><paragraph id="id49345B16CA1D4F41A5A84A8DB08FA008"><enum>(2)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">by adding at the end the following:</text>
<quoted-block display-inline="no-display-inline" id="id354E515837BA491B8F358A9BA8D1B472" style="OLC">
<part id="id5B33701350674858AE231B2194CB8618"><enum>II</enum><header>Food
safety</header>
<section id="id2A5036C959CB4329A4B7579DCE15CFA6"><enum>263.</enum><header>Definitions</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">In this part:</text>
<paragraph commented="no" id="H51CE6BC8C9EE4A4F9BE2A619038FCEC3"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Adulterated</header>
<subparagraph commented="no" id="H34FD75B827F34529854200E090C96471"><enum>(A)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>The term <term>adulterated</term> has the meaning given
the term in—</text>
<clause commented="no" id="id360F8262351B4070AA893F4B9845A789"><enum>(i)</enum><text>in the case of
poultry or a poultry product, section 4 of the Poultry Products Inspection Act
(21 U.S.C. 453);</text>
</clause><clause commented="no" id="id56D7398C62834287B16C751C9906F558"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>in the case of
meat or a meat food product, section 1 of the Federal Meat Inspection Act (21
U.S.C. 601); and</text>
</clause><clause commented="no" id="id2CA42657A6DC407EB87BA62A7FBCA73C"><enum>(iii)</enum><text>in the case of
an egg or egg product, section 4 of the Egg Products Inspection Act (21 U.S.C.
1033).</text>
</clause></subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" id="H91820693560C4FB7A600637140879771"><enum>(B)</enum><header>Inclusion</header><text>The
term <term>adulterated</term> includes bearing or containing a contaminant that
has the potential to cause illness or death among sensitive populations.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="HCF68799146724F9CB4A181D7F2600D9"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Agency</header><text>The
term <quote>agency</quote> has the meaning given the term in section 551 of
title 5, United States Code.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H289ACA19E96746FAAF00B99E61FADA"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Contaminant</header><text>The
term <term>contaminant</term> includes a bacterium, chemical, natural or
manufactured toxin, virus, parasite, prion, physical hazard, or other human
pathogen that when found on or in food can cause human illness, injury, or
death.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H35D72508E8704EED9E5DB2B0054F68BB"><enum>(4)</enum><header>Contamination</header><text>The
term <term>contamination</term> refers to the presence of a contaminant in
food.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="idE5404DCAACC8400CBBC4FD93560B2129"><enum>(5)</enum><header>Food</header><text>The
term <term>food</term> means—</text>
<subparagraph id="id2EEFE702E1ED48E6BAB849F7C3D36CF0"><enum>(A)</enum><text>a meat or a meat
food product (within the meaning of the Federal Meat Inspection Act (21 U.S.C.
601 et seq.));</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="idC3EB491A467F4058BF6309A84070DE7C"><enum>(B)</enum><text>an egg or egg
product (as defined in section 4 of the Egg Products Inspection Act (21 U.S.C.
1033)); or</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="id79A80E62648B4C7FB6EF41E0840E9746"><enum>(C)</enum><text>a poultry or
poultry product (as defined in section 4 of the Poultry Products Inspection Act
(21 U.S.C. 453)).</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="HC3B7E1A3DDC74CE1A21780AE8EFFB43"><enum>(6)</enum><header>Food
establishment</header>
<subparagraph id="H4634878758934078B4C3542BFF65F27"><enum>(A)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>The term <term>food establishment</term> means a
slaughterhouse, factory, warehouse, or facility owned or operated by a person
located in any State that processes food or a facility that holds, stores, or
transports food or food ingredients.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HAF65D91031DD41D8A4AF6370AC9D8387"><enum>(B)</enum><header>Exclusions</header><text>The
term <term>food establishment</term> does not include a farm, restaurant, other
retail food establishment, or nonprofit food establishment in which food is
prepared for or served directly to the consumer.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="H0A205F98D02F413585E1F4A4394C5E88"><enum>(7)</enum><header>Food safety
law</header><text>The term <term>food safety law</term> means—</text>
<subparagraph commented="no" id="H9DD95505B2144226BAF47FC4B315AEED"><enum>(A)</enum><text>the Poultry
Products Inspection Act (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/21/451">21 U.S.C. 451 et seq.</external-xref>);</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" id="H59148784852F434C9BA34153E53C3681"><enum>(B)</enum><text>the Federal Meat
Inspection Act (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/21/601">21
U.S.C. 601 et seq.</external-xref>);</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" id="HE1CAA6C7D80A4306A35569ED05D996A3"><enum>(C)</enum><text>the Egg Products
Inspection Act (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/21/1031">21
U.S.C. 1031 et seq.</external-xref>);</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" id="H6C18FA3954144A6AA13832165FFE9579"><enum>(D)</enum><text>the provisions of
Public Law 85–765 (commonly known as the <quote>Humane Methods of Slaughter Act
of 1958</quote>) (7 U.S.C. 1901 et seq.) administered by the Food Safety and
Inspection Service;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" id="H2381C85072094FF9AF1074CB99898352"><enum>(E)</enum><text>this part;
and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" id="H5020FDBB1EEF41D7A83D7DA3DB95200"><enum>(F)</enum><text>such other
provisions of law relating to and requiring food safety, labeling, inspection,
and enforcement as the President designates by Executive order as appropriate
to include within the jurisdiction of the Secretary.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H65ECF2BA83C84E6FB45653DB7CE5B91"><enum>(8)</enum><header>Foreign food
establishment</header><text>The term <term>foreign food establishment</term>
means a slaughterhouse, factory, warehouse, or facility located outside the
United States that processes food for consumption that is imported into the
United States or food ingredients.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HC0A926D6AD7B4160A710C3AFFE5600F4"><enum>(9)</enum><header>Interstate
commerce</header><text>The term <term>interstate commerce</term> has the
meaning given the term in section 201 of the <act-name parsable-cite="FFDCA">Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act</act-name>
(<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/21/321">21 U.S.C.
321</external-xref>).</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="HB1FA2B2F2FA848D5953BAEF1EFC82400"><enum>(10)</enum><header>Misbranded</header><text>The
term <term>misbranded</term> has the meaning given the term in—</text>
<subparagraph commented="no" id="idA50A35218235424D922C09DBB65A8215"><enum>(A)</enum><text>in the case of
poultry or a poultry product, section 4 of the Poultry Products Inspection Act
(21 U.S.C. 453);</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" id="idE870621506FC48089ECA6BCB2B7B436D"><enum>(B)</enum><text>in the case of
meat or a meat food product, section 1 of the Federal Meat Inspection Act (21
U.S.C. 601); and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" id="idB495B61E15874026A25B30565CA60B20"><enum>(C)</enum><text>in the case of an
egg or egg product, section 4 of the Egg Products Inspection Act (21 U.S.C.
1033).</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H99AFDFFAF01D45BB85612DE9191BA54C"><enum>(11)</enum><header>Process</header><text>The
term <term>process</term> or <term>processing</term> means the commercial
harvesting, slaughter, packing, preparation, or manufacture of food.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="HF589096A7018473D961FA73001BE09D"><enum>(12)</enum><header>Safe</header><text>The
term <term>safe</term> refers to human and animal health.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="idE4443B8FE9644D50BED5AE61C5011E88"><enum>(13)</enum><header>Secretary</header><text>The
term <term>Secretary</term> means the Secretary of Agriculture, acting through
the Under Secretary of the Food Safety and Inspection Service.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HB4743CF5A22842D083E2D49B00B9FA1C"><enum>(14)</enum><header>State</header><text>The
term <term>State</term> means—</text>
<subparagraph id="H4A8B1E42C2FE4E21ACF520BA00AA86BD"><enum>(A)</enum><text>a State;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HF65DAB86E1D64BF8B4F28E25A0EE63AE"><enum>(B)</enum><text>the District of
Columbia;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HEC39FD642C484EE483C4C6FA9756F0EE"><enum>(C)</enum><text>the Commonwealth
of Puerto Rico; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H6E6ACC1C3D1743DD8FAD5C43A867897"><enum>(D)</enum><text>any other territory
or possession of the United States.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H0520DF26A97C450BB2C375D5F54287CA"><enum>(15)</enum><header>Statistically
valid</header><text>The term <term>statistically valid</term> means, with
respect to a study, evaluated and conducted under standards established by the
National Institute of Standards and Technology.</text>
</paragraph></section><section id="id027FF00B31B0446A8F080A85C53366A0"><enum>264.</enum><header>Performance
standards for contaminants in food</header>
<subsection id="IDc76eca38e3ff442a95b7e06b151af1cc"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Definitions</header><text>In
this section:</text>
<paragraph id="ID92138b053b884d29b650001c9ee30149"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Pathogen
reduction performance standards</header><text>The term <term>pathogen reduction
performance standards</term> means standards establishing the degree to which a
step or combination of steps in the production, processing, distribution, or
preparation of a food must operate to achieve the required level of control
over microbiological contamination.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="ID746a211ec82a4f17b8fd911c84651184"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Public health
goals and objectives</header><text>The term <term>public health goals and
objectives</term> means goals and objectives establishing the desired outcome
associated with reducing the burden of foodborne disease in society.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H2CE6F87513D441B09D205DCA5EE1B8E"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Standards, goals,
and objectives</header><text>In order to protect the public health and promote
food safety, the Secretary shall prescribe—</text>
<paragraph id="ID8b3f082b9cfb4d63b4423587cc20d046"><enum>(1)</enum><text>pathogen surveys
to determine current levels of food contamination;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="ID08c7817a26034713a16e099c0a02ad2b"><enum>(2)</enum><text>public health
goals and objectives; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="ID1c8e987ab37345ce8aae255ee3e5458c"><enum>(3)</enum><text>pathogen
reduction performance standards—</text>
<subparagraph id="ID4df938b0df2a4be1a50e4b5c53fc3092"><enum>(A)</enum><text>to reduce
pathogens in food; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="ID24448eb825dc46efa322878ec5dd98ee"><enum>(B)</enum><text>to achieve public
health goals and objectives.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="ID7f146e17d7744a709d7cba474e5d026d"><enum>(c)</enum><header>List of
pathogens</header>
<paragraph id="IDaf16b8b666f64a0cae6b438bec27997f"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>In consultation with the Secretary of Health and Human
Services, and taking into account data available from the Centers for Disease
Control and Prevention, the Secretary shall identify the pathogens that make a
significant contribution to the total burden of foodborne disease associated
with food.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="IDb0a9ff5eddd041708a006923ef29275d"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Publication;
updates</header><text>The Secretary shall—</text>
<subparagraph id="ID0bfd9c1a697643ed9b0519f2b73f693f"><enum>(A)</enum><text>publish a list of
the pathogens described in paragraph (1) not later than 180 days after the date
of enactment of this section; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="ID1cdc8d485a574b66b038eef7c74b8973"><enum>(B)</enum><text>update and
publish the list annually thereafter.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="IDf179de3d378f495a89fa9808b3c5f7b1"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Pathogen
surveys</header>
<paragraph id="ID96a66d07e6f643d4a560746b81c07f43"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>Not later than 180 days after the date of enactment of
this section, the Secretary shall initiate the planning and subsequent
implementation of comprehensive surveys to determine the current levels and
incidence of contamination of food products with the pathogens listed under
subsection (c), including the variation in levels and incidence of
contamination among establishments.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="ID4977d88eac43438caa1f67f734fb426c"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Publication</header><text>Not
later than 2 years after the date of enactment of this section, the Secretary
shall compile, and publish in the Federal Register, the results of the
surveys.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="IDd0d12c881ae2451b9296c22408c45568"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Updates</header><text>At
least once every 3 years after the preceding surveys are conducted, the
Secretary shall—</text>
<subparagraph id="ID5201d6e77283419788b0275fdb98eb75"><enum>(A)</enum><text>conduct surveys
described in paragraph (1); and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="ID5c6c13bd2a184a52bf9b1de11338ee44"><enum>(B)</enum><text>compile and
publish the results of the surveys in accordance with paragraph (2).</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="ID5bac737be82f466e8ff581627190717c"><enum>(e)</enum><header>Public health
goals and objectives</header>
<paragraph id="ID354eefab38cc42b19ce444979185ac33"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>Not later than 1 year after the completion of pathogen
surveys under subsection (d), and in coordination with the Secretary of Health
and Human Services and the Director of the Centers for Disease Control and
Prevention, the Secretary shall establish public health goals and objectives to
achieve measurable population-based targets for the reduction of foodborne
illness.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="IDc136972634c4426c9ad3dbc08d60cc6d"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Requirements</header><text>The
goals described in subsection (b)(2) shall be updated every 2 years according
to current epidemiological studies in foodborne illness and the most recently
updated information from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention about
the prevalence of foodborne illness.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="ID843a8838aa224fe4b536ab2bfc22a7d6"><enum>(f)</enum><header>Pathogen
reduction performance standards</header>
<paragraph id="ID06dc281f132b4cc0b15a59e539823a33"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>The pathogen reduction performance standards required
under subsection (b) shall ensure the lowest level or incidence of
contamination that is reasonably achievable using the best available processing
technology and practices.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="ID31e80a849cf042beb43ca9f0159f4591"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Current
contamination</header><text>In determining what is reasonably achievable, the
Secretary shall consider data on current levels or incidence of contamination,
including what is being achieved by establishments in the upper quartile of
performance in controlling the level or incidence of contamination.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="ID8e6925dd34ca4074a2066d249d6f6ba9"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Initial
pathogens</header><text>Not later than 3 years after the date of enactment of
this section, the Secretary shall propose pathogen reduction performance
standards for at least 2 pathogens from the list published under subsection
(c).</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="IDef340d1200b9448a984a7f0cfe5a82b5"><enum>(4)</enum><header>Subsequent
pathogens</header><text>Not later than 1 year after proposing pathogen
reduction standards for the initial pathogens under paragraph (3), and annually
thereafter, the Secretary shall propose a pathogen reduction performance
standard for at least 1 pathogen each year from the list published under
subsection (c) until standards have been proposed for all pathogens on the
list.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="IDd28b45deeff3484ab553d620b3d2ae9e"><enum>(5)</enum><header>Final
standards</header><text>Not later than 1 year after proposing a pathogen
reduction standard for a pathogen under this subsection, the Secretary shall
promulgate a final pathogen reduction standard and propose sampling standards
and procedures for the pathogen in regulated products.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H8036B2C41ECA48240013DD6B550096BA"><enum>(g)</enum><header>Performance
standards</header><text>The performance standards established under this
section shall include—</text>
<paragraph id="H692C924308494ED39DB2D66F04E765B8"><enum>(1)</enum><text>health-based
standards that set the level of a contaminant that can safely and lawfully be
present in food;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H714D8F5F64714B07A51BB7F8EA40D15C"><enum>(2)</enum><text>zero tolerances,
including zero tolerances for fecal matter, in addition to any zero-tolerance
standards in effect on the day before the date of enactment of this section,
when necessary to protect against significant adverse health outcomes;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H2A9D3CAB30CD486FA2ABBAAB54B2B0D9"><enum>(3)</enum><text>process standards,
such as log reduction criteria for cooked products, when sufficient to ensure
the safety of processed food; or</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HAFB34431BB45415EB30032F0C6ED56E"><enum>(4)</enum><text>in the absence of
data to support a performance standard described in paragraph (1), (2), or (3),
standards that define required performance in terms of best reasonably
achievable performance, using best available technologies, interventions, and
practices.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="IDd4a6809fc5984830bfb1de142fe22012"><enum>(h)</enum><header>Review of
standards</header>
<paragraph id="IDee339491860c460bb571931eb37d7a5a"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>Not later than 3 years after promulgation of a final
pathogen reduction performance standard for a pathogen under subsection (f)(5),
the Secretary shall review each standard to determine whether the standard
continues to ensure the lowest level or incidence of contamination that is
reasonably achievable using the best available processing technology and
practices, taking into account the most recent survey conducted under
subsection (d).</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="IDaa1a3dcc40704a4f9ccdb35951696d28"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Public health
goals</header><text>The goals described in subsection (e) shall be—</text>
<subparagraph id="ID05c578b5a08b4b8e96a5a6fb94ea92f1"><enum>(A)</enum><text>used in addition
to the most recent survey conducted under subsection (d) to evaluate the
pathogen performance standards set by the Secretary; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="ID805b551ad9d84365a74975d919b49a61"><enum>(B)</enum><text>considered when
the Secretary reviews and revises the final pathogen reduction performance
standards in accordance with subsection (f).</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="ID1f03a8edf5024519978d4aa85153aef6"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Revisions</header><text>The
Secretary shall revise the standards, as necessary, to comply with subsection
(f).</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HCEC33E3D50DB4180BB4473474F3940FF"><enum>(i)</enum><header>Enforcement</header>
<paragraph id="HF87BFBFFB05A4FFBA11432F07918AFDC"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Sampling
program</header>
<subparagraph id="id121C2EB31233449892C789087AA819FB"><enum>(A)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>Not later than 1 year after the promulgation of a
performance standard under this section, the Secretary shall implement a
sampling program to determine whether food establishments are complying with
the performance standards promulgated under this section.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="idB0C570C673804E0AAF3A86AE29004A8D"><enum>(B)</enum><header>Requirement</header><text>The
program established under this paragraph shall be at least as stringent as the
Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point System requirements established
under part 417 of title 9, Code of Federal Regulations (or successor
regulation).</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="HEC86B2B9260D4543993E77F2415140DE"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Inspections</header><text>If
the Secretary determines that a food establishment fails to meet a standard
promulgated under this section, and the food establishment fails to take
appropriate corrective action as determined by the Secretary, the Secretary
shall, as appropriate—</text>
<subparagraph id="H718C3B21367643E7BBC71B94554DA08B"><enum>(A)</enum><text>order a recall of
food from the food establishment under section 269;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H3FA3864CFA4F4985B1B2F1325695C401"><enum>(B)</enum><text>require enhanced
inspection of the food establishment;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H9EA08FEA5F6B4B5D9349E5F4F0D85CCD"><enum>(C)</enum><text>withdraw the mark
of inspection from the food establishment; or</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HE627D54090514D3F9959D4BAE981F07"><enum>(D)</enum><text>take other
appropriate enforcement action concerning the food establishment, including
revocation of the grant of inspection.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><subsection commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H2AF68EAB394842298DCB954241AAD69B"><enum>(j)</enum><header>Newly identified
contaminants</header><text>Notwithstanding any other provision of this section,
the Secretary shall promulgate interim performance standards for newly
identified contaminants as necessary to prevent disease outbreaks or other
hazards to the public health.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HA29FA147821542409D97DC3130529300"><enum>(k)</enum><header>Enforcement of
certain regulations</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The
Secretary shall ensure that, as compared to regulations under part 54 of title
7, Code of Federal Regulations, that are in effect as of the date of enactment
of this section, regulations promulgated under this part relating to—</text>
<paragraph id="ID863afe30f12f4afdaf4a3b025f8e6043"><enum>(1)</enum><text>carcass
inspection and safety are at least as stringent;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="IDbbf3d74c3a194753ba63e1686ceb4b03"><enum>(2)</enum><text>the frequency of
inspection services are at least as frequent; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="ID7087e0b17ab14429ad12a22f3e20a9b9"><enum>(3)</enum><text>staffing levels
are at least as high.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="id82B5C5EE41B94E76995E5C3E315A6C05" section-type="subsequent-section"><enum>265.</enum><header display-inline="yes-display-inline">Pathogen reduction and testing</header>
<subsection id="IDe505e41be4cf42b681864dfc16cf3ae9"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>Not later than 180 days after the date of enactment of
this section or the subsequent adoption of performance standards under section
264, the Secretary shall require that food establishments described in
subsection (b) sample for the presence of identified pathogens at any points in
production or processing that are identified by the Secretary.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="id997CD4C2E6E54A3A97781BBD9C476D46"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Application</header><text>This
section applies to—</text>
<paragraph id="id6F8D1789D860443EBE68392972319360"><enum>(1)</enum><subparagraph commented="no" display-inline="yes-display-inline" id="idA4CF40CFA7E74D11981A7D420064B8D8"><enum>(A)</enum><text>all slaughterhouses or
processing establishments that produce more than 25,000 pounds of trim per day;
or</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="id459954CFE3A9407E8ED700E8BE00750D" indent="up1"><enum>(B)</enum><text>grinding facilities that grind more
than 25,000 pounds of trim or bench trim per day; and</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="idF84910EF59584301B578C87342E46C99"><enum>(2)</enum><text>effective
beginning on the date that is 3 years after the date of enactment of this
section—</text>
<subparagraph id="idBA4A1522AACF482E997A65AC58748505"><enum>(A)</enum><text>to all food
establishments that produce or grind trim or bench trim; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="id1C8EB1E05B894251A3894BE9998B4E3A"><enum>(B)</enum><text>such other food
establishments as are designated by the Secretary.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="id0239F95CA82C4A3FA2E286832B0D6467"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Administration</header><text>To
carry out this section, the Secretary shall—</text>
<paragraph id="ID00b1cc8884c44b64bbb16c034d22be9a"><enum>(1)</enum><text>establish
sampling standards and procedures;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="ID52ec0afb22634997b425d92cfa9f624f"><enum>(2)</enum><text>define
appropriate sampling plans for food establishments through guidance
documents;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="ID134bcb7d07574c288b28bedbab3a8e93"><enum>(3)</enum><text>promulgate
regulations that require that the food establishment takes corrective action
when violative products are found through testing and establishes measures to
prevent reoccurrence; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="ID5e82463e2fe244ec989a005f4aae5237"><enum>(4)</enum><text>upon inspection,
review the definition of lot sizes established by food establishments to ensure
that—</text>
<subparagraph id="ID63d207a500b24fc1a45ffd0000605c70"><enum>(A)</enum><text>there is a
rational justification for the lot size; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="IDf2a01c09fa234220a9d070fcfdf1d311"><enum>(B)</enum><text>no lot is more
than 2,000 pounds.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="ID1c171a6561f24596aef5811bb5cb56d9"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Testing</header><text>Food
establishments undertaking testing under this section shall use—</text>
<paragraph id="idE0F48A821C9148358E5DFAC6E0E8140F"><enum>(1)</enum><text>sampling
standards and procedures determined by the Secretary under section 264(f)(5);
and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="idE686F5ED3A18432ABE9895542DB3B890"><enum>(2)</enum><text>a laboratory
accredited under section 266.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section commented="no" id="id6A8D69DA74E74F219C02152FDC6163AC"><enum>266.</enum><header>Laboratory
accreditation</header>
<subsection commented="no" id="id9098F700ABBF4B739A0B0F45728C61F5"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Recognition of
laboratory accreditation</header>
<paragraph commented="no" id="id0B5C6394EE0F42848274A5797D5BB044"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>Not later than 2 years after the date of enactment of
this section, the Secretary shall—</text>
<subparagraph commented="no" id="id81D8A861D95B469C8720087A0443AAB3"><enum>(A)</enum><text>establish a
program for the testing of meat and meat food products by accredited
laboratories;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" id="id7762D91D620B4F34A88668EFE3F34120"><enum>(B)</enum><text>establish and
maintain on the Internet website of the Department an up-to-date and publicly
available registry of accreditation bodies recognized by the Secretary and
laboratories accredited by a recognized accreditation body, including the name
of, contact information for, and other information considered appropriate by
the Secretary about the accreditation bodies and laboratories; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" id="ID444f09e32d74408085596b564694c05e"><enum>(C)</enum><text>require, as a
condition of recognition or accreditation, as appropriate, that recognized
accreditation bodies and accredited laboratories report to the Secretary any
changes that would affect the recognition of the accreditation body or the
accreditation of the laboratory.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="ID0be5821f9bda4d6f95b126378156ecf1"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Program
requirements</header><text>The program established under paragraph (1)(A) shall
provide for the recognition of laboratory accreditation bodies that meet
criteria established by the Secretary for accreditation of laboratories,
including independent private laboratories and laboratories run and operated by
a Federal agency (including the Department of Commerce), State, or locality
with a demonstrated capability to conduct 1 or more sampling and analytical
testing methodologies for meat and meat food products.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="ID37b48b1a38464273a5b32a41be3dd1e5"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Increasing the
number of qualified laboratories</header><text>The Secretary shall work with
the laboratory accreditation bodies recognized under paragraph (1), as
appropriate, to increase the number of qualified laboratories that are eligible
to perform testing under this subsection beyond the number so qualified on the
date of enactment of this section.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="ID05ef4be7a710446ab82f007292d9842c"><enum>(4)</enum><header>Limited
distribution</header><text>In the interest of national security, the Secretary,
in coordination with the Secretary of Homeland Security, may determine the
time, manner, and form in which the registry established under paragraph (1)(B)
is made publicly available.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="IDbcf36a1706bf4595bc6ee145e8564980"><enum>(5)</enum><header>Foreign
laboratories</header><text>Accreditation bodies recognized by the Secretary
under paragraph (1) may accredit laboratories that operate outside the United
States, so long as the laboratories meet the accreditation standards applicable
to domestic laboratories accredited under this subsection.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="ID1c6adabe028542aa98af138a7395d8bd"><enum>(6)</enum><header>Model
laboratory standards</header>
<subparagraph commented="no" id="id0068EB2842974CA7BBE5FD4FA00ED783"><enum>(A)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>The Secretary shall develop model standards that a
laboratory shall meet to be accredited by a recognized accreditation body for a
specified sampling or analytical testing methodology and included in the
registry provided for under paragraph (1).</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" id="idCE5EA18D1C504C28A61043A39A4651A1"><enum>(B)</enum><header>Requirements</header><text>In
developing the model standards, the Secretary shall—</text>
<clause commented="no" id="id9698705F8D16423A95A10DCD61AEACB5"><enum>(i)</enum><text>consult existing
standards for guidance; and</text>
</clause><clause commented="no" id="id1AE777AB941141C593A910FB6A0F2920"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>include—</text>
<subclause commented="no" id="ID3d34f43e45444027bf02dc14d3950acd"><enum>(I)</enum><text>methods to ensure
that—</text>
<item commented="no" id="ID97b8b42cd3b64e5ba38bc11c5c13897d"><enum>(aa)</enum><text>appropriate
sampling, analytical procedures (including rapid analytical procedures), and
commercially available techniques are followed and reports of analyses are
certified as true and accurate;</text>
</item><item commented="no" id="IDae440b884965444c810597f66af682bb"><enum>(bb)</enum><text>internal quality
systems are established and maintained;</text>
</item><item commented="no" id="IDa0eafe3b575b4dc586d3a131a4ddfd8c"><enum>(cc)</enum><text>procedures exist
to evaluate and respond promptly to complaints regarding analyses and other
activities for which the laboratory is accredited; and</text>
</item><item commented="no" id="IDe91006db5b084e03a63adfdafc7cf66b"><enum>(dd)</enum><text>individuals who
conduct the sampling and analyses are qualified by training and experience to
do so; and</text>
</item></subclause><subclause commented="no" id="IDb536211fbc3b41429b59e848dd365f90"><enum>(II)</enum><text>any other
criteria determined appropriate by the Secretary.</text>
</subclause></clause></subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="IDca7ff0e85f634d1f8401113d8bcf7b38"><enum>(7)</enum><header>Review of
recognition</header><text>To ensure compliance with the requirements of this
subsection, the Secretary—</text>
<subparagraph id="IDee4d34b6e0cc4111ac811cd389d66dff"><enum>(A)</enum><text>shall
periodically, and in no case less frequently than once every 5 years,
reevaluate accreditation bodies recognized under paragraph (1) and may
accompany auditors from an accreditation body to assess whether the
accreditation body meets the criteria for recognition; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="IDf60775a23e78420cb6cb0329be860af4"><enum>(B)</enum><text>shall promptly
revoke the recognition of any accreditation body found not to be in compliance
with the requirements of this subsection, specifying, as appropriate, any terms
and conditions necessary for laboratories accredited by the accreditation body
to continue to perform testing as described in this subsection.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="ID06456961e43e412490dd95a9416f2677"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Testing
Procedures</header>
<paragraph id="ID9181ebd3bbb443bf940e958376746adb"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>Not later than 30 months after the date of enactment of
this section, food testing shall be conducted by Federal laboratories or
non-Federal laboratories that have been accredited for the appropriate sampling
or analytical testing methodology or methodologies by a recognized
accreditation body on the registry established by the Secretary under
subsection (a)(1)(B)—</text>
<subparagraph id="IDf97d8a9f329844c6b8ba46a5119d4399"><enum>(A)</enum><text>in response to a
specific testing requirement under this Act (including implementing
regulations), when applied to address an identified or suspected meat or meat
food product safety problem; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="ID550aa23df78d4c68908f5c9daeb29c1d"><enum>(B)</enum><text>as required by
the Secretary, as the Secretary considers appropriate, to address an identified
or suspected food safety problem.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="IDad7ac009b9be48fcafd10e3bcfb02aac"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Results of
testing</header>
<subparagraph id="idAE9D8BB11CB345ABB5782141D078342D"><enum>(A)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>The results of any testing under this section shall be
sent directly to the applicable food establishment and the Secretary, unless
the Secretary by regulation exempts test results from the submission
requirement if the Secretary determines that the results do not contribute to
the protection of public health.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="id838E70A917384E76B28F1F4348F67CED"><enum>(B)</enum><header>Electronic
submission</header><text>Test results required to be submitted may be submitted
to the Secretary through electronic means.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="ID6d1acb124d024869bf84d44ee39ea2d5"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Exception</header><text>The
Secretary may waive requirements under this subsection if—</text>
<subparagraph id="ID3658f0748ed7471aa56cc3ee0d5068e4"><enum>(A)</enum><text>a new methodology
has been developed and validated but a laboratory has not yet been accredited
to perform the methodology; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="ID4b45c8ab407e49db8f97d48d7af726c4"><enum>(B)</enum><text>the use of the
methodology is necessary to prevent, control, or mitigate a food emergency or
foodborne illness outbreak.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="IDb7809226394e42f1840708f119f8b9db"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Review by
Secretary</header><text>If food sampling and testing performed by a laboratory
run and operated by a State or locality that is accredited by a recognized
accreditation body on the registry established by the Secretary under
subsection (a) result in a State recalling a food, the Secretary shall review
the sampling and testing results for the purpose of determining the need for a
national recall or other compliance and enforcement activities.</text>
</subsection><subsection commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="ID58eaf2ab21d64093aa22bb85ffb132c1"><enum>(d)</enum><header>No Limit on
Secretarial Authority</header><text>Nothing in this section limits the ability
of the Secretary to review and act on information from food testing, including
determining the sufficiency of the information and testing.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="idB48950199E894666B682BE96507F403E"><enum>267.</enum><header>Traceback</header>
<subsection id="H7530D30E70E6470296543081BB65F800"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>The Secretary, in order to protect the public health,
shall establish requirements for a national system for tracing food and
food-producing animals from point of slaughter to retail sale, subject to
subsection (b).</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HDE8DB667BFFA46968BDDD2F590FCB7F4"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Applicability</header><text>Traceability
requirements shall—</text>
<paragraph id="H422336C136B24E359D9871654E941738"><enum>(1)</enum><text>be established in
accordance with regulations and guidelines issued by the Secretary; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HA15B548E321D4A3C91C7A9A9AF33216E"><enum>(2)</enum><text>apply to food
establishments.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="IDbc9313ea137443d99d25718597b9c9cd"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Traceability</header>
<paragraph id="id91C62F46BD39486BB5472D950FC92FC2"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>The Secretary shall implement tracing protocols using
methods and technologies to enable the Food Safety and Inspection Service to
rapidly trace adulterated food to—</text>
<subparagraph id="id99580B67F7AD4E4EB9D05C379F923B2E"><enum>(A)</enum><text>the source of the
contamination to determine the original site source of the adulteration or
contamination; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="idDDA2309059B3454A8AE558A18C82E35F"><enum>(B)</enum><text>destinations to
which the food has been shipped.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="IDf1db8d2ba1b042ca970e23ed1e769528"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Requirements</header>
<subparagraph id="IDbb667284b7d24a2d90c7d333e0ed27ec"><enum>(A)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>Tracing protocols under this subsection shall include the
collection of documentary and other relevant material to enable rapid tracing,
including—</text>
<clause id="IDa8a26029b19348b39040481cdfb9a2ec"><enum>(i)</enum><text>food
establishment identification data;</text>
</clause><clause id="IDefb70fd55eff4d059369f3908c792f73"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>a description of
the food;</text>
</clause><clause id="IDf564119a526d44ceae7da9de78cc28d4"><enum>(iii)</enum><text>shipping
marks;</text>
</clause><clause id="ID4154081932e34034bf03e0cb429d2ac4"><enum>(iv)</enum><text>bar coding;
and</text>
</clause><clause id="ID4d230625d86e46fe8c9653edc40fce1c"><enum>(v)</enum><text>disclosure of
sole-source or multiple-source origin.</text>
</clause></subparagraph><subparagraph id="IDf00fc70f82434c7faa6d9a245e7ac114"><enum>(B)</enum><header>Timing</header><text>The
collection of documentary and other relevant material to enable rapid tracing
under subparagraph (A) shall occur at the time that transfer of the relevant
food is completed.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="IDa9d3d063dc014272a38677efcf8a8bf4"><enum>(C)</enum><header>Certification</header><text>The
onsite inspector and a responsible food establishment representative shall
certify that the documentary and other tracing material collected under
subparagraph (A) are complete and accurate.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="IDf85c8352a55a44d289328809e66e5cf8"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Tracing of
adulterated and contaminated food</header><text>If a food sample tests positive
or is indicated to test positive for a contaminant, the Secretary shall
immediately conduct a trace—</text>
<subparagraph id="ID8b6a05710ba244d39345bd50d014c11f"><enum>(A)</enum><text>to identify all
sites of contamination, including preparation, packaging, and slaughtering
establishments;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="ID8e8f12bc4c0a42409dd935402ca5801c"><enum>(B)</enum><text>to identify the
original source of contamination; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="ID85eaed318bb24d4e9347e30f3de65b55"><enum>(C)</enum><text>to identify any
recipient of the food, other than the consumer, or food that may have been
similarly affected.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><subsection commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H25E2CF39E37E48718D9710DFC5C4C999"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Relationship to
country of origin labeling</header><text>Nothing in this section prevents or
interferes with implementation of the country of origin labeling requirements
of subtitle D of the Agricultural Marketing Act of 1946 (7 U.S.C. 1638 et
seq.).</text>
</subsection></section><section commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="idB0E465F4D9EE46B4849C54C553909C6F"><enum>268.</enum><header>Imports</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">As soon as practicable after the date of
enactment of this section, the Secretary shall promulgate regulations under
which the Secretary may remove a country from the appropriate list maintained
by the Secretary of countries allowed to import 1 or more foods into the United
States if—</text>
<paragraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="idC92F2F6D29BD48BBB435B036A48849D9"><enum>(1)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">the country refuses to allow the Secretary
to conduct such onsite audits as the Secretary determines to be necessary to
verify the safety of the food to be imported; or</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="id57A105D0106C490EA5693AA4EDD652BF"><enum>(2)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">imports of food from the country have been
suspended more than once during a 5-year period for major food safety
infractions.</text>
</paragraph></section><section id="H664F170087F948489EA8399700B19E29"><enum>269.</enum><header>Notification
and recall</header>
<subsection id="idA9CC530DD060495F833CA0239F51F185"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Definitions</header><text>In
this section:</text>
<paragraph id="idA2698A5373D546D181D3E40F80347190"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Class I
recall</header><text>The term <term>Class I recall</term> means a food recall
classification defined by the Secretary that covers a health-hazard situation
in which there is a reasonable probability that the use of the food or food
product being recalled will cause a serious, adverse health consequence, or
death.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="id8F2497BE66204D30BE825738C42927BA"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Retail
establishment</header><text>The term <term>retail establishment</term> means a
grocery store or other retail establishment that sells food and food products
directly to consumers.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="id2741FC0B47A24DBD8AAB980A8868F81F"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Summary
notice</header><text>The term <term>summary notice</term> means the 1-page
summary notice described in subsection (d).</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H226AF060772B493099EEA8E6315C1E5D"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Notice to
Secretary of violation</header>
<paragraph id="HE2598690A5C84BD683114B17A26339CA"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>A person that has reason to believe that any food
introduced into or in interstate commerce, or held for sale (whether or not the
first sale) after shipment in interstate commerce, may be in violation of the
food safety law shall immediately notify the Secretary of the identity and
location of the food.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HEE89A234DB8A4D459B4527BC00DA663"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Manner of
notification</header><text>Notification under paragraph (1) shall be made in
such manner and by such means as the Secretary may require by
regulation.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H68E253E4802045EABFCABAEAFD10F4E"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Recall and
consumer notification</header>
<paragraph id="H406B6EDBBA7A4ADA81329D4C78002157"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Voluntary
actions</header><text>If the Secretary determines that food is in violation of
the food safety law when introduced into or while in interstate commerce or
while held for sale (whether or not the first sale) after shipment in
interstate commerce or that there is a reasonable probability that the food, if
consumed, would present a threat to public health, as determined by the
Secretary, the Secretary shall give the appropriate persons (including the
manufacturers, importers, distributors, or retailers of the food) an
opportunity—</text>
<subparagraph id="H122B542CCF1E496C831B4C61002DD033"><enum>(A)</enum><text>to cease
distribution of the food;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H7883282B17EE493DBF35691FE2D5DFE4"><enum>(B)</enum><text>to notify all
persons—</text>
<clause id="HEB63E26F82F1403FB797FDF5C05C1D75"><enum>(i)</enum><text>processing,
distributing, or otherwise handling the food to immediately cease such
activities with respect to the food; or</text>
</clause><clause id="HEC897C609D5245B5AE592FFA9396C91"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>to
which the food has been distributed, transported, or sold, to immediately cease
distribution of the food;</text>
</clause></subparagraph><subparagraph id="H6D88FC6FC0294982AFD52263CC172675"><enum>(C)</enum><text>to recall the
food;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H2463D5C2484342F398D1B6FAE833F10"><enum>(D)</enum><text>in conjunction with
the Secretary, to provide notice of the finding of the Secretary—</text>
<clause id="HC4116FFD6DD54260B7C52FC858148E38"><enum>(i)</enum><text>to
consumers to whom the food was, or may have been, distributed; and</text>
</clause><clause id="HAFFB06070CD54F538286CF064D4B6395"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>to State and
local public health officials; or</text>
</clause></subparagraph><subparagraph id="H5636B047F2A344729BF2A654E5017522"><enum>(E)</enum><text>to take any
combination of the measures described in this paragraph, as determined by the
Secretary to be appropriate in the circumstances.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H3D2853D5990A462BA9A962C6E882F231"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Mandatory
actions</header><text>If a person referred to in paragraph (1) refuses to or
does not adequately carry out the actions described in that paragraph within
the time period and in the manner prescribed by the Secretary, the Secretary
shall—</text>
<subparagraph id="H1FC0EE1B101247AF81D3F8F0B434DF94"><enum>(A)</enum><text>have authority to
control and possess the food or recall the food, including ordering the
shipment of the food from the food establishment to the Secretary—</text>
<clause id="H1E8C5531EACB4AC5AFDB202CA9BCC681"><enum>(i)</enum><text>at
the expense of the food establishment; or</text>
</clause><clause id="H5BCA1F5C318A4A5FAC00EDBA3E2E0992"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>in an emergency
(as determined by the Secretary), at the expense of the Secretary; and</text>
</clause></subparagraph><subparagraph id="HBA5AB8BC560A464E8500ACF295ED90A8"><enum>(B)</enum><text>by order, require,
as the Secretary determines to be necessary, the person to immediately—</text>
<clause id="H681956B4417945658570C2B58D1F4952"><enum>(i)</enum><text>cease distribution
of the food;</text>
</clause><clause id="HF139CC2F9C9E40FBBCBE8539B58625AA"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>notify all
persons—</text>
<subclause id="H0E09BC75A1A34673AFAD50F9FDEE2612"><enum>(I)</enum><text>processing,
distributing, or otherwise handling the food to immediately cease such
activities with respect to the food; or</text>
</subclause><subclause id="HB5CDCA900B8141F3A5329D87650299A4"><enum>(II)</enum><text>if the food has
been distributed, transported, or sold, to immediately cease distribution of
the food; and</text>
</subclause></clause><clause id="idC7722D01A19F4A5180B81F2C40D202B9"><enum>(iii)</enum><text>recall
contaminated food.</text>
</clause></subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="HCE07A15F204F400E8FEEB2EB58F0CF64"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Notification to
consumers by Secretary</header><text>In accordance with subsection (d), the
Secretary shall, as the Secretary determines to be necessary, provide notice of
the finding of the Secretary under paragraph (1)—</text>
<subparagraph id="HE23750192BDE48EA98BB9737B94A4ED"><enum>(A)</enum><text>to consumers to
whom the food was, or may have been, distributed;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HF346705754134A0581D08800BA4741F5"><enum>(B)</enum><text>to State and local
public health officials; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="idE164CAC91F354CFD85EA6CEC160C43B0"><enum>(C)</enum><text>to such other
persons as the Secretary determines appropriate.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H3073BA29553B4172BB19263496276C00"><enum>(4)</enum><header>Nondistribution
by notified persons</header><text>A person that processes, distributes, or
otherwise handles the food, or to which the food has been distributed,
transported, or sold, and that is notified under paragraph (1)(B) or (2)(B)
shall immediately cease distribution of the food.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H6C36DE810FC142E390BC4C564B971C05"><enum>(5)</enum><header>Availability of
records to Secretary</header><text>Each person referred to in paragraph (1)
that processed, distributed, or otherwise handled food shall make available to
the Secretary information necessary to carry out this subsection, as determined
by the Secretary, regarding—</text>
<subparagraph id="HF5B48F49601A49768FB5EB984B2CFF54"><enum>(A)</enum><text>persons that
processed, distributed, or otherwise handled the food; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H0D460EC16A234C4E9F8948E2CDF964B9"><enum>(B)</enum><text>persons to which
the food has been transported, sold, distributed, or otherwise handled.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="id2B0AF1DBAF384E3BADE255DE8A892251"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Consumer recall
notification</header>
<paragraph id="ID5118f4a3ecca499aab4cd5e588d363cf"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Distribution of
information</header><text>In the case of any Class I recall, the Secretary
shall, to the maximum extent practicable, distribute to each retail
establishment in the United States a 1-page summary notice containing product
information of each food or food product subject to the Class I recall.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="IDf9f88f0d654c4571a81b77fb685548b1"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Distribution of
information</header><text>The Secretary shall require each retail establishment
that receives a summary notice—</text>
<subparagraph id="idBCB0D8347DC94C328D5AC80B31FEE816"><enum>(A)</enum><text>to post a copy of
the summary notice at each cash register of the retail establishment;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="id357E5C35EB324A6AB9C516B26BCFBC72"><enum>(B)</enum><text>to post a copy of
the summary notice on the shelving unit on which the food or food product was
sold; or</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="id8CBEF07F2B254184BA948869843DA706"><enum>(C)</enum><text>in the case of a
retail establishment that uses a customer card system to track customer
purchases or demographics—</text>
<clause id="idE984BE2E9A434E3598B235C2622BA145"><enum>(i)</enum><text>to place a call
to each customer that purchased a recalled food or food product to inform the
customer of the Class I recall; or</text>
</clause><clause id="idB5EB5B54C7804601B3700697E47E6EBC"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>to make
available to each customer that purchased a recalled food or food product with
a targeted coupon with information about the recalled food or food
product.</text>
</clause></subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="ID04a0d19398d24e22a99739b2dbed1344"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Assistance</header><text>In
cooperation with and, when necessary, with direct assistance from the Director
of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the Centers of Excellence
of the Food and Drug Administration, the Secretary shall provide assistance to
regional, State, and local agencies to assist in carrying out this section
through activities such as providing resources, including timely information
concerning symptoms and tests, for frontline health professionals interviewing
individuals as part of routine surveillance and outbreak investigations.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="ID7de016c575744f2ab0aac72c03b5dabb"><enum>(4)</enum><header>Availability of
lists of retail consignees during food recalls</header><text>The Secretary
shall make publicly available the names and locations of retail establishment
consignees of recalled food or food products that the Secretary compiles in
connection with a recall for which there is a reasonable probability that the
use of the food or food product could cause serious adverse health consequences
or death.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HB8858A16F2A1492A88ADCDA119FC048D"><enum>(e)</enum><header>Informal
hearings on orders</header>
<paragraph id="H350583C6A6CD49AB990012C7E158B1C"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>The Secretary shall provide any person subject to an
order under subsection (c) with an opportunity for an informal hearing, to be
held as soon as practicable but not later than 2 business days after the
issuance of the order.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H2536D6F918234923AA335FA74142BE37"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Scope of the
hearing</header><text>In a hearing under paragraph (1), the Secretary shall
consider the actions required by the order and any reasons why the food that is
the subject of the order should not be recalled.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H11B12D9E2A7F459FBF5F13A591B1ADAF"><enum>(f)</enum><header>Post-Hearing
recall orders</header>
<paragraph id="HEC284757B8D34D2585BB6B8747FCD22B"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Amendment of
order</header><text>If, after providing an opportunity for an informal hearing
under subsection (e), the Secretary determines that there is a reasonable
probability that the food that is the subject of an order under subsection (c),
if consumed, would present a threat to the public health, the Secretary, as the
Secretary determines to be necessary, may—</text>
<subparagraph id="H3CE4A8B2B7EE4945B8879200B77BB9DC"><enum>(A)</enum><text>amend the order to
require recall of the food or other appropriate action;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HA7A06022E12646C2AAC4BD17BEACA84B"><enum>(B)</enum><text>specify a
timetable in which the recall shall occur;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H85B363BE46864D6BBEFF2BB45900C1AF"><enum>(C)</enum><text>require periodic
reports to the Secretary describing the progress of the recall; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H2B49DBBBF1104E9DB65DACEEA71FC298"><enum>(D)</enum><text>provide notice of
the recall to consumers to whom the food was, or may have been,
distributed.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H2347D158B0C44D34B1BAE9A418104FE1"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Vacation of
orders</header><text>If, after providing an opportunity for an informal hearing
under subsection (e), the Secretary determines that adequate grounds do not
exist to continue the actions required by the order, the Secretary shall vacate
the order.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H3E13CF680A8B471D8FB3820089A3B1FF"><enum>(g)</enum><header>Remedies not
exclusive</header><text>The remedies provided in this section shall be in
addition to, and not exclusive of, other remedies that may be available.</text>
</subsection></section><section commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="idCB722DA647AB4754AB02C7CB70EF8007"><enum>270.</enum><header>Enforcement
and administration</header>
<subsection commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="idFA3912EF1429484393CD1E95D6C244F3"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Civil
penalties</header>
<paragraph id="idED6EA4DAB22145DB88F3DD64B19AF38A"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Civil
sanctions</header>
<subparagraph id="HDB2223DADDBE4EE5B686DD718E7812C7"><enum>(A)</enum><header>Civil
penalty</header>
<clause id="HF647D174BA164521AD21238B9D00B3F2"><enum>(i)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>Any person that commits an act that violates the food
safety law (including a regulation promulgated or order issued under a Federal
food safety law) may be assessed a civil penalty by the Secretary of not more
than $10,000 for each such act.</text>
</clause><clause id="HA02BE8220BB44CD2A7EE659878B00B9"><enum>(ii)</enum><header>Separate
offense</header><text>Each act described in clause (i) and each day during
which that act continues shall be considered a separate offense.</text>
</clause></subparagraph><subparagraph id="H21942ACF076B45D1B1E5551769545053"><enum>(B)</enum><header>Other
requirements</header>
<clause id="H854957912F5D4B6CB67B8CF719304E67"><enum>(i)</enum><header>Written
order</header><text>The civil penalty described in subparagraph (A) shall be
assessed by the Secretary by a written order, which shall specify the amount of
the penalty and the basis for the penalty under clause (ii) considered by the
Secretary.</text>
</clause><clause id="H267ABCE9436447738500E0FE7E6B5D2E"><enum>(ii)</enum><header>Amount of
penalty</header><text>Subject to subparagraph (A)(i), the amount of the civil
penalty shall be determined by the Secretary, after considering—</text>
<subclause id="HC3D3A932C4EA44919080951E854DEDC7"><enum>(I)</enum><text>the gravity of the
violation;</text>
</subclause><subclause id="H03E6834B912E4AC985E68D00166D945D"><enum>(II)</enum><text>the degree of
culpability of the person;</text>
</subclause><subclause id="H6EB9A049B62449AF9F8D048DD07BA916"><enum>(III)</enum><text>the size and
type of the business of the person; and</text>
</subclause><subclause id="H1C2A9AF58C4141FCA778840512C0698B"><enum>(IV)</enum><text>any history of
prior offenses by the person under the food safety law.</text>
</subclause></clause><clause id="H37C563B651B04F8A80EE48CE5391D726"><enum>(iii)</enum><header>Review of
order</header><text>The order may be reviewed only in accordance with paragraph
(2).</text>
</clause></subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="HB0E12BC5BB0F474BB33E1742F15F16B2"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Judicial
review</header>
<subparagraph id="H84319A16522A4487A62988EC037600DC"><enum>(A)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>An order assessing a civil penalty under paragraph (1)
shall be a final order unless the person—</text>
<clause id="HEAC7E37A7E5A47A6B620ACAE74F2ABF9"><enum>(i)</enum><text>not later than 30
days after the effective date of the order, files a petition for judicial
review of the order in the United States court of appeals for the circuit in
which that person resides or has its principal place of business or the United
States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia; and</text>
</clause><clause id="H2D5F45A2483B4FB98DB8DF6BA1CCD07"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>simultaneously
serves a copy of the petition by certified mail to the Secretary.</text>
</clause></subparagraph><subparagraph id="HF7E19C3DF6384E86AB6986C836512E63"><enum>(B)</enum><header>Filing of
record</header><text>Not later than 45 days after the service of a copy of the
petition under subparagraph (A)(ii), the Secretary shall file in the court a
certified copy of the administrative record upon which the order was
issued.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HEA874FB74C894C82A376FDA54B5FFA9"><enum>(C)</enum><header>Standard of
review</header><text>The findings of the Secretary relating to the order shall
be set aside only if found to be unsupported by substantial evidence on the
record as a whole.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H5C31BABF452945BAB087BF361C8D3359"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Collection
actions for failure to pay</header>
<subparagraph id="HF8FB4C0636614E36893880F40159356C"><enum>(A)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>If any person fails to pay a civil penalty assessed under
paragraph (1) after the order assessing the penalty has become a final order,
or after the court of appeals described in paragraph (2) has entered final
judgment in favor of the Secretary, the Secretary shall refer the matter to the
Attorney General, who shall institute in a United States district court of
competent jurisdiction a civil action to recover the amount assessed.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HDAF2289E71E64DBCB8B02284B00A8EC"><enum>(B)</enum><header>Limitation on
review</header><text>In a civil action under subparagraph (A), the validity and
appropriateness of the order of the Secretary assessing the civil penalty shall
not be subject to judicial review.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H686D59FF1CE64155B4C2C02092209D36"><enum>(4)</enum><header>Penalties paid
into account</header><text>The Secretary—</text>
<subparagraph id="H7AB56AC1B76E403BBDEFF8552ECD865B"><enum>(A)</enum><text>shall deposit
penalties collected under this section in an account in the Treasury;
and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HAA81ED2A915845A58284055FE2EBFA4"><enum>(B)</enum><text>may use the funds
in the account, without further appropriation or fiscal year limitation—</text>
<clause id="H39AC97318C484965A4F99D772F1ACAC"><enum>(i)</enum><text>to
carry out enforcement activities under food safety law; or</text>
</clause><clause id="H2535F14420A34EDE9E17A0A6FD9F2484"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>to provide
assistance to States to inspect retail commercial food establishments or other
food or firms under the jurisdiction of State food safety programs.</text>
</clause></subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H2C11D80A0E004E30A3420325BA474DBD"><enum>(5)</enum><header>Discretion of
the Secretary to prosecute</header><text>Nothing in this part requires the
Secretary to report for prosecution, or for the commencement of an action, the
violation of the food safety law in a case in which the Secretary finds that
the public interest will be adequately served by the assessment of a civil
penalty under this section.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H5E7A10DF4C524F95979D5B6DB4837C9C"><enum>(6)</enum><header>Remedies not
exclusive</header><text>The remedies provided in this subsection are in
addition to, and not exclusive of, other remedies that may be available under
this or any other Act.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H66F03E233D02414288C883BED9C30010"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Presumption</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">In any action to enforce the requirements
of the food safety law, the connection with interstate commerce required for
jurisdiction shall be presumed to exist.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H961C4E25EDB844E200546E7E8DC5350"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Whistleblower
protection</header>
<paragraph id="H325FCE0250044BBA98D2A209528D5766"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>No Federal employee, employee of a Federal contractor or
subcontractor, or any individual employed by a company or other entity
(referred to in this subsection as a <quote>covered individual</quote>), may be
discharged, demoted, suspended, threatened, harassed, or in any other manner
discriminated against, because of any lawful act done by the covered
individual—</text>
<subparagraph id="H781032301D594F9B871308CE255971B3"><enum>(A)</enum><text>to provide
information, cause information to be provided, or otherwise assist in an
investigation regarding any conduct that the covered individual reasonably
believes constitutes a violation of any law, rule, or regulation, or that the
covered individual reasonably believes constitutes a threat to the public
health, if the information or assistance is provided to, or the investigation
is conducted by—</text>
<clause id="H13F6EA9993FA4099B7F3CC66393FFE76"><enum>(i)</enum><text>a
Federal regulatory or law enforcement agency;</text>
</clause><clause id="H9580464542734E5AA3A665BC95207489"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>a
Member or committee of Congress; or</text>
</clause><clause id="H651857238112443D97273D6185E79DA4"><enum>(iii)</enum><text>a person with
supervisory authority over the covered individual (or such other individual who
has the authority to investigate, discover, or terminate misconduct);</text>
</clause></subparagraph><subparagraph id="HE17765CAFD1B45ADB043D4A81829B449"><enum>(B)</enum><text>to file, cause to
be filed, testify, participate in, or otherwise assist in a proceeding or
action filed or about to be filed relating to a violation of any law, rule, or
regulation; or</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H764CB1113DAB453684C03DD0D87DCB1"><enum>(C)</enum><text>to refuse to
violate or assist in the violation of any law, rule, or regulation.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H7D7875ADC78542B08F895C766100D236"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Enforcement
action</header>
<subparagraph id="H6BA8E04A4C9F4FE2814E53C0A129B2C"><enum>(A)</enum><header>Complaint</header>
<clause id="id006CB538C8D54246861E85C2980AD53E"><enum>(i)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>A covered individual who alleges discharge or other
discrimination by any person in violation of paragraph (1) may seek relief
under paragraph (3) by filing a complaint with the Secretary of Labor.</text>
</clause><clause id="id74F1532D83664379A611AC30BBC40E2C"><enum>(ii)</enum><header>Legal
action</header><text>If the Secretary of Labor has not issued a final decision
by the date that is 180 days after the date on which the complaint is filed and
there is no showing that such delay is due to the bad faith of the claimant,
the claimant may bring an action at law or equity for de novo review in the
appropriate district court of the United States, which shall have jurisdiction
over such an action without regard to the amount in controversy.</text>
</clause></subparagraph><subparagraph id="H27994941048D486E874BBD311954CE9C"><enum>(B)</enum><header>Procedure</header>
<clause id="H84D475B3E10246B1B7DAE72D37516BA"><enum>(i)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>An action under subparagraph (A) shall be governed under
the rules and procedures established in
<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/49/42121">section
42121(b)</external-xref> of title 49, United States Code.</text>
</clause><clause id="H29E0A43667924680BE7F790241E57E21"><enum>(ii)</enum><header>Exception</header><text>Notification
under <external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/49/42121">section
42121(b)(1)</external-xref> of title 49, United States Code, shall be made to
the person named in the complaint and to the employer of the person.</text>
</clause><clause id="HD3C6462831964FD0A0B274A5376B2F00"><enum>(iii)</enum><header>Burdens of
proof</header><text>An action brought under subparagraph (A) shall be governed
by the burdens of proof that apply under
<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/49/42121">section
42121(b)</external-xref> of title 49, United States Code.</text>
</clause><clause id="HC1D75EEA1E6140588952AF84C9118930"><enum>(iv)</enum><header>Statute of
limitations</header><text>An action under subparagraph (A) shall be commenced
not later than 90 days after the date on which the violation occurs.</text>
</clause></subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H110FF5A296084B54919D7FB56830E79D"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Remedies</header>
<subparagraph id="HD24F6B16984442CC9377F87813916766"><enum>(A)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>A covered individual prevailing in any action under
paragraph (2)(A) shall be entitled to all relief necessary to make the covered
individual whole.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H2AA7BB2073EC49AA8129C19EC090FD23"><enum>(B)</enum><header>Compensatory
damages</header><text>Relief for any action described in subparagraph (A) shall
include (as applicable)—</text>
<clause id="H414BCB2CDE1D44EA9CEB57A23D099E00"><enum>(i)</enum><text>reinstatement with
the same seniority status that the covered individual would have had, but for
the discrimination;</text>
</clause><clause id="HBD0D469C08664F0EBD3C90FA7C7C9054"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>the amount of any
back pay, with interest; and</text>
</clause><clause id="H31B7B2A64F244676A48801D1DD535012"><enum>(iii)</enum><text>compensation for
any special damages sustained as a result of the discrimination, including
litigation costs, expert witness fees, and reasonable attorney’s fees.</text>
</clause></subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H1034B6D4839B4B5A99B14D467E9207E1"><enum>(4)</enum><header>Rights retained
by the covered individual</header><text>Nothing in this subsection diminishes
the rights, privileges, or remedies of any covered individual under any Federal
or State law, or under any collective bargaining agreement.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HC1E67AC58CAC40CB876F211311F2FED7"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Administration
and enforcement</header>
<paragraph id="H95BBB283CF5D4F2ABD3159664BA163A9"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>For the efficient administration and enforcement of the
food safety law, the provisions (including provisions relating to penalties) of
sections 6, 8, 9, and 10 of the <act-name parsable-cite="FTCA">Federal Trade
Commission Act</act-name> (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/15/46">15 U.S.C. 46</external-xref>, 48, 49, and 50) (except
subsections (c) through (h) of section 6 of that Act), relating to the
jurisdiction, powers, and duties of the Federal Trade Commission and the
Attorney General to administer and enforce that Act, and to the rights and
duties of persons with respect to whom the powers are exercised, shall apply to
the jurisdiction, powers, and duties of the Secretary and the Attorney General
in administering and enforcing the provisions of the food safety law and to the
rights and duties of persons with respect to whom the powers are exercised,
respectively.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H018FB4324C18489390F2B2466478A216"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Inquiries and
actions</header>
<subparagraph id="H9FDF6D1E15FA428084D8D896E3DEDF11"><enum>(A)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>The Secretary, in person or by such agents as the
Secretary may designate, may prosecute any inquiry necessary to carry out the
duties of the Secretary under the food safety law in any part of the United
States.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HEAB6838763074E5F86864B9943248935"><enum>(B)</enum><header>Powers</header><text>The
powers conferred by sections 9 and 10 of the <act-name parsable-cite="FTCA">Federal Trade Commission Act</act-name> (15 U.S.C. 49 and
50) on the United States district courts may be exercised for the purposes of
this part by any United States district court of competent jurisdiction.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H476E2BBC7E424A00A9B2E0002BAB6DF"><enum>(e)</enum><header>Citizen civil
actions</header>
<paragraph id="HC901998529BA45C980DFBCA76495331"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Civil
actions</header><text>A person may commence a civil action against—</text>
<subparagraph id="H2C8AB63BC11C44E3B307582900E62F6E"><enum>(A)</enum><text>a person that
violates a regulation (including a regulation establishing a performance
standard), order, or other action of the Secretary to ensure the safety of
food; or</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HE3270FE79A45439BAD847264549F4009"><enum>(B)</enum><text>the Secretary (in
his or her capacity as the Secretary), if the Secretary fails to perform an act
or duty to ensure the safety of food that is not discretionary under the food
safety law.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H168FCCF3651F4BC200955CCA512D1931"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Court</header>
<subparagraph id="H87CB779350DB4D4DB05F09F62809B414"><enum>(A)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>The action shall be commenced in the United States
district court for the district in which the defendant resides, is found, or
has an agent.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H8A63EEF8010C456295018C2DE5A458A9"><enum>(B)</enum><header>Jurisdiction</header><text>The
court shall have jurisdiction, without regard to the amount in controversy, or
the citizenship of the parties, to enforce a regulation (including a regulation
establishing a performance standard), order, or other action of the Secretary,
or to order the Secretary to perform the act or duty.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H74A986C9CFCA47BD9C60615DFF009F22"><enum>(C)</enum><header>Damages</header><text>The
court may—</text>
<clause id="H1F92B54C9A0D45F4BDD0AF7BEF692860"><enum>(i)</enum><text>award damages, in
the amount of damages actually sustained; and</text>
</clause><clause id="HA12C9B5F65A84392B9D10126D46626F6"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>if the court
determines it to be in the interest of justice, award the plaintiff the costs
of suit, including reasonable attorney’s fees, reasonable expert witness fees,
and penalties.</text>
</clause></subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HFAE0FDBE93184EF0A848EB76CBDF41B5"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Remedies not
exclusive</header><text>The remedies provided for in this subsection shall be
in addition to, and not exclusive of, other remedies that may be
available.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="id10F2C695E7054B08B11AC370953774C4"><enum>(f)</enum><header>Withholding of
inspection</header><text>In any case in which a food establishment subject to
inspection by the Secretary under the food safety law is required by law to pay
a criminal or civil penalty under this section or any other provision of the
food safety law, the Secretary shall withhold inspection of the food
establishment under the applicable food safety law until the date on which the
food establishment pays the penalty in
full.</text>
</subsection></section></part><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="idD89EF0AE002647A5990DD9F3FBA1CE39"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Conforming
amendment</header><text>Section 296(b) of the Department of Agriculture
Reorganization Act of 1994 (7 U.S.C. 7014(b)) is amended—</text>
<paragraph id="id67A1704C4FB64B79B63C60517B5A70A5"><enum>(1)</enum><text>in paragraph
(6)(C), by striking <quote>or</quote> at the end;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="idD09FB56C65D14E91A7EB5F9EE00D5CEC"><enum>(2)</enum><text>in paragraph (7),
by striking the period at the end and inserting <quote>; or</quote>; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="id92047A27439D486588AA9028A21D10F5"><enum>(3)</enum><text>by adding at the
end the following:</text>
<quoted-block display-inline="no-display-inline" id="idC6A0F95343B54B8280E3F3EE082E79F3" style="OLC">
<paragraph id="id6EDB7AA6AF084037BD0ABDF2180076BD"><enum>(8)</enum><text>the authority of
the Secretary to carry out food safety activities under part II of subtitle
G.</text>
</paragraph><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block>
</paragraph></subsection></section><enum>III</enum><header>Research and
education</header>
<section id="id3A5C2945DB1C439C9247BFAE60601181"><enum>211.</enum><header>Definition of
Secretary</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">In this title, the
term <term>Secretary</term> means the Secretary of Agriculture, acting through
the Under Secretary of the Food Safety and Inspection Service.</text>
</section><section commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="idAC9FCD33079E4DA6A66BDF185E268936"><enum>212.</enum><header>Foodborne
illness surveillance systems</header>
<subsection commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="id9C663864AC0B4F3AB034C6DFC53ADC11"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Definition of
foodborne illness outbreak</header><text>In this section, the term
<term>foodborne illness outbreak</term> means the occurrence of 2 or more cases
of a similar illness resulting from the ingestion of a certain food.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="ID9bc06054e7824b3aad413757d5c8cc16"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Foodborne
illness surveillance systems</header><text>The Secretary, in collaboration with
the Director of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the
Commissioner of Food and Drugs, shall enhance foodborne illness surveillance
systems to improve the collection, analysis, reporting, and usefulness of data
on foodborne illnesses by—</text>
<paragraph id="IDbc599619b8df41fd82d1a73b9fca82a9"><enum>(1)</enum><text>coordinating
Federal, State, and local foodborne illness surveillance systems, including
complaint systems, and increasing participation in national networks of public
health and food regulatory agencies and laboratories;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="ID2391f4ee620a4c3f94994062cc448c64"><enum>(2)</enum><text>facilitating
sharing of surveillance information on a more timely basis among governmental
agencies, including the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the Food
and Drug Administration, the Department of Agriculture, the Department of
Homeland Security, and State and local agencies, and with the public;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="IDdca63d4ce75d4b60a4faf8a038545827"><enum>(3)</enum><text>developing
improved epidemiological tools for obtaining quality exposure data and
microbiological methods for classifying cases;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="IDd92ed996104b4bb28f619ae26e1bd7e7"><enum>(4)</enum><text>augmenting the
systems to improve attribution of a foodborne illness outbreak to a specific
food;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="ID6300678553474eb2b6726d88998d0540"><enum>(5)</enum><text>expanding
capacity of the systems (including working toward automatic electronic
searches) for implementation of identification practices (including
fingerprinting strategies) for foodborne infectious agents, in order to
identify new or rarely documented causes of foodborne illness and submission of
standardized information to a centralized database;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="ID5760cb32088b47aba62bb6c39540a2ac"><enum>(6)</enum><text>allowing timely
public access to aggregated, deidentified surveillance data;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="IDce8ccd3526c64278b68fb29b7f2743c0"><enum>(7)</enum><text>at least
annually, publishing current reports on findings from the systems;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="ID650dcf5995dd431495bc027c52a2fcad"><enum>(8)</enum><text>establishing a
flexible mechanism for rapidly initiating scientific research by institutions
of higher education;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="ID3f424c961d9c4714a7c261edb242b390"><enum>(9)</enum><text>integrating
foodborne illness surveillance systems and data with other biosurveillance and
public health situational awareness capabilities at the Federal, State, and
local levels, including by sharing foodborne illness surveillance data with the
National Biosurveillance Integration Center; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="ID94c4b3abbda34c4593a320bc5b10c1a3"><enum>(10)</enum><text>carrying out
such other activities as are determined appropriate by the Secretary.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section id="H7D7AD43DE1AD4EFCB7FC6DA33422851F"><enum>213.</enum><header>FSIS research
department</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">In addition to any
other duties assigned by the Secretary, the research department of the Food
Safety and Inspection Service shall—</text>
<paragraph id="id7FDEC64E2DFF42998216B4E576E9007B"><enum>(1)</enum><text>carry out the
research and education activities described in this Act and part II of subtitle
G of the Department of Agriculture Reorganization Act of 1994 (7 U.S.C. 6981 et
seq.); and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="id28C5EDF724564DAF8A098A9B2E1F89EA"><enum>(2)</enum><text>in coordination
with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the Food and Drug
Administration, develop data relating to the attribution of illnesses to
food-pathogen combinations.</text>
</paragraph></section><section id="id5B8ED1DDA88E46469C967E70B245AD1C"><enum>214.</enum><header>Public health
assessment system</header>
<subsection id="H70874C1F982C42A6919B3E4300AC448E"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>The Secretary, acting in coordination with the Director
of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and with the Research
Education and Economics mission area of the Department of Agriculture,
shall—</text>
<paragraph id="H7705898D9A21493784AD76DB488B36D3"><enum>(1)</enum><text>resolve
data-sharing barriers, including those relating to the application of the
Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (Public Law
104–191; 110 Stat. 1936), to ensure access to the applicable data systems of
the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and to the databases made
available by a State;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H0DCF12E174104DAAA28711ACF8835FC2"><enum>(2)</enum><text>maintain an active
surveillance system of food, food products, and epidemiological evidence
submitted by States to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention based on
a representative proportion of the population of the United States;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H194F25E04F66400E9BEACFAB0071AFAF"><enum>(3)</enum><text>assess the
frequency and sources of human illness in the United States associated with the
consumption of food;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H391036A273D44A42A1B465313C1AAC2"><enum>(4)</enum><text>maintain a
state-of-the-art DNA matching system and epidemiological system dedicated to
foodborne illness identification, outbreaks, and containment; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H009F24A98CD84D3A8C782C9117A3BE24"><enum>(5)</enum><text>have access to the
surveillance data created via monitoring and statistical studies conducted as
part of inspections carried out by or for the Secretary.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H5FA18E0708C44270A891A4C07B2EFE7F"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Public health
sampling</header>
<paragraph id="HB521A605B9A34E5BB5E5A7D9417DF300"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this
Act, the Secretary shall establish guidelines for a sampling system under which
the Secretary shall take and analyze samples of food—</text>
<subparagraph id="HECA108770B6F4680AF13609E93683300"><enum>(A)</enum><text>to assist the
Secretary in carrying out this title;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HEA3324C0D4144DE5B234A01DAFFA2B2E"><enum>(B)</enum><text>to assess the
nature, frequency of occurrence, and quantities of contaminants in food;
and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="idB95F5137B81A479E8B83818DB501F273"><enum>(C)</enum><text>to enforce this
title and other food safety laws.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H7FD92F0D8FA0416981505636E12FAFA6"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Requirements</header><text>The
sampling system described in paragraph (1) shall provide—</text>
<subparagraph id="H622DDE0648774C178B307271C4BA68DC"><enum>(A)</enum><text>statistically
valid monitoring, including market-based studies, on the nature, frequency of
occurrence, and quantities of contaminants in food available to consumers;
and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H54A125640D69435AA385DA4F417D66F6"><enum>(B)</enum><text>at the request of
the Secretary, such other information, including analysis of monitoring and
verification samples, as the Secretary determines may be useful and appropriate
in assessing the occurrence of contaminants in food.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H0EFE768A2C0A4F03A48BEEC9021723AE"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Assessment of
health hazards</header>
<paragraph id="HB5995EF113554B58944F56B122E1D38"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>Through the surveillance system referred to in subsection
(a) and the sampling system described in subsection (b), the Secretary shall
work in collaboration with the Director of the Centers for Disease Control and
Prevention, the Commissioner of Food and Drugs, and other appropriate Federal,
State, local, and tribal agencies—</text>
<subparagraph id="H1B1209583AC143A5A658E08DBCEB5142"><enum>(A)</enum><text>to rank food
categories under the jurisdiction of the Secretary based on the hazard to human
health presented by the food category;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HA0F3075B88CF4F6ABBA12F224F8514DD"><enum>(B)</enum><text>to identify
appropriate industry and regulatory approaches to minimize hazards in the food
supply; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H87B74B1FAD824FD9BA25E866988D13D1"><enum>(C)</enum><text>to assess the
public health environment for emerging diseases, including zoonosis, for their
risk of appearance in the United States food supply.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H73B8A67297774AB3AD514BDF78F22486"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Components of
analysis</header><text>The analysis under subsection (b)(1) may include—</text>
<subparagraph id="H8AA09F51DA204B8EAF61C82D32A0054"><enum>(A)</enum><text>a comparison of the
safety of commercial processing with the health hazards associated with food
that is harvested for recreational or subsistence purposes and prepared
noncommercially;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H859D569D2D384F7AA314C9ED101F11E"><enum>(B)</enum><text>a comparison of the
safety of food that is domestically processed with the health hazards
associated with food that is processed outside the United States;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H7A97570DF4C44BBE888CB39BBB0707C1"><enum>(C)</enum><text>a description of
contamination originating from handling practices that occur prior to or after
the sale of food to consumers; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H0F165016377F456CA551F26902C68433"><enum>(D)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">use of comparative risk assessments.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></subsection></section><section id="HD9550B5396204824B00094267B8E27BD"><enum>215.</enum><header>Public
education and advisory system</header>
<subsection id="HB0D12D70D1E7495FB9D63216F0EB94AE"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Public
education</header>
<paragraph id="H44654C2A13F34776A778D5FC5C11BB33"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>The Secretary, in collaboration with the Director of the
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the Commissioner of Food and
Drugs and in cooperation with private and public organizations, including the
cooperative extension services and building on the efforts of appropriate State
and local entities, shall establish a national public education program on food
safety.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HB6B4A00406A748F8B7FC6B5D89D07B88"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Requirements</header><text>The
program shall provide—</text>
<subparagraph id="H8CAD05DB245844899C99818ECED53BC6"><enum>(A)</enum><text>information to the
public regarding Federal standards and best practices and promotion of public
awareness, understanding, and acceptance of those standards and
practices;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HB89C4BAE28414F148FF0E0B1BA6C8328"><enum>(B)</enum><text>information for
health professionals—</text>
<clause id="H28F579D67855405CB5F2A86898DB9C49"><enum>(i)</enum><text>to
improve diagnosis and treatment of food-related illness; and</text>
</clause><clause id="H22CD4F7E847842759535C22083D78D8E"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>to
advise individuals at special risk for food-related illnesses; and</text>
</clause></subparagraph><subparagraph id="H9A143718CE5046CC9BD7893B98DE5D69"><enum>(C)</enum><text>such other
information or advice to consumers and other persons as the Secretary
determines will promote the purposes of this subtitle.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HD0BA0460E86A4B858585A099316D7022"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Health
advisories</header><text>The Secretary, in consultation with other Federal
departments and agencies as the Secretary determines necessary, shall work with
the States and other appropriate entities—</text>
<paragraph id="HFCD2AA8B002644C5B43118B382D1E772"><enum>(1)</enum><text>to develop and
distribute regional and national advisories concerning food safety;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H9E2E043BDB434F24AB47ACD0307C85F8"><enum>(2)</enum><text>to develop
standardized formats for written and broadcast advisories;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H28DF04DDE25646E29CD0C000E0774CFB"><enum>(3)</enum><text>to incorporate
State and local advisories into the national public education program
established under subsection (a); and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HE39B9B024F3D490297314668E8176CAA"><enum>(4)</enum><text>to present prompt,
specific information regarding foods found to pose a threat to the public
health.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section id="HCFE25598B19748B3806907E9485991A0"><enum>216.</enum><header>Research</header>
<subsection id="H5BD88ECC99A9469FA35B6000CF779102"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>The Secretary shall conduct research to carry out this
title, including studies—</text>
<paragraph id="H80A8A9EED20A4B6787F24F0032A1352C"><enum>(1)</enum><text>to improve
sanitation and food safety practices in the processing of food;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HCC0E7EF8353F403E94F890818374E470"><enum>(2)</enum><text>to develop
improved techniques to monitor and inspect food;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H9818AB0217FB4E07BAB28B56D0E2D4EC"><enum>(3)</enum><text>to develop
efficient, rapid, and sensitive methods to detect contaminants in food;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H5048AF62023E4144AA8B02BEDCF170E6"><enum>(4)</enum><text>to determine the
sources of contamination of contaminated food;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H6F57D30510F84C18B3CA407238154B2"><enum>(5)</enum><text>to
develop food consumption data;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HC9ACB437C37D4279A8D7135B82F125F5"><enum>(6)</enum><text>to identify ways
that animal production techniques could improve the safety of the food
supply;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HDB2B8C61ABBC425AA7790029AF3442F4"><enum>(7)</enum><text>to draw upon
research and educational programs that exist at the State and local
level;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H472018DD44894DB28F7779C677EFF4E6"><enum>(8)</enum><text>to use the DNA
matching system and other processes to identify and control pathogens;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H995F8485C1A14013BDC13DECEA7DEBB0"><enum>(9)</enum><text>to address common
and emerging zoonotic diseases;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H09C84EFC3C4B4767AD259F009C631319"><enum>(10)</enum><text>to develop
methods to reduce or destroy harmful pathogens before, during, and after
processing;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HF263C8B666DE4E7C859E8F228E269D56"><enum>(11)</enum><text>to analyze the
incidence of antibiotic resistence as the resistance pertains to the food
supply and develop new methods to reduce the transfer of antibiotic resistance
to humans;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="ID42277438fa9e47f1a7eba2bfa8f8e955"><enum>(12)</enum><text>to conduct
research to inform risk communications, including—</text>
<subparagraph id="id049C2C65BFC74017B1BBDB667FFA89A5"><enum>(A)</enum><text>conducting
studies regarding the knowledge and behavior of industry, health professionals,
consumers, and other appropriate stakeholders towards food safety; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="id598F4CD3CAB04A16952194D925607848"><enum>(B)</enum><text>developing a
protocol that will balance public welfare needs associated with the food safety
research of the Department of Agriculture and the requirements of chapter 35 of
title 44, United States Code (commonly known as the <quote>Paperwork Reduction
Act</quote>) to account for the time-sensitive nature of communicating with the
public about food safety programs; and</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="HC8D7F0DDAFE94528809024E58C642DD2"><enum>(13)</enum><text>to conduct other
research that supports the purposes of this subtitle.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HF8787B1A3DCA4EFC93D5AE2898DBA5B2"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Contract
authority</header><text>The Secretary may enter into contracts and agreements
with any State, institution of higher education, Federal Government agency, or
person to carry out this section.</text>
</subsection></section><enum>IV</enum><header>Criminal penalty
and other provisions</header>
<section id="idDFF482EDA09A4F258C4B00C266B27488"><enum>221.</enum><header>Criminal
penalties</header>
<subsection id="id4F0EC4C7AA6A410A8065233F00A8526F"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Poultry
Products Inspection Act</header><text>Section 12 of the Poultry Products
Inspection Act (21 U.S.C. 461) is amended by adding at the end the
following:</text>
<quoted-block display-inline="no-display-inline" id="idA563977B1A904815910ACD0CEBE25923" style="OLC">
<subsection id="idADAC01EC4F564660843F3231F975565D"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Knowing
introduction into commerce of unsafe food</header>
<paragraph id="id4DFF2BB215754B318F2CA17B12772D1C"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Criminal
sanctions</header>
<subparagraph id="idF8132FC46A8B4D1D914097E48DF4480E"><enum>(A)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>Except as provided in subparagraph (B), a person that
knowingly produces or introduces into commerce poultry or a poultry product
that is unsafe or otherwise adulterated or misbranded shall be imprisoned for
not more than 10 years or fined not more than $25,000, or both.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="id17BC09E1C1BA4840B35FD1BB1536C673"><enum>(B)</enum><header>Severe
violations</header><text>A person that commits a violation described in
subparagraph (A) after a conviction of that person under this subsection has
become final, or commits such a violation with the intent to defraud or
mislead, shall be imprisoned for not more than 20 years or fined not more than
$100,000, or both.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="idCEF40416C9334DA286DE80C7CA8693BB"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Penalties paid
into account</header><text>The Secretary shall deposit penalties collected
under this subsection in the account described in section 270(a)(4) of the
Department of Agriculture Reorganization Act of 1994.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="id6A148C34DEFA48A086F2E8F883188301"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Discretion of
the Secretary to prosecute</header><text>Nothing in this subsection requires
the Secretary to report for prosecution, or for the commencement of an action,
a violation described in paragraph (1) in a case in which the Secretary finds
that the public interest will be adequately served by the assessment of a civil
penalty.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="id03CB42AE35EB412CB16709A9B7E1C420"><enum>(4)</enum><header>Remedies not
exclusive</header><text>The remedies provided in this subsection are in
addition to, and not exclusive of, other remedies that may be available under
this or any other
Act.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block>
</subsection><subsection id="idA8F07427751048D29ABD01981506096C"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Federal Meat
Inspection Act</header><text>Section 406 of the Federal Meat Inspection Act (21
U.S.C. 676) is amended by adding at the end the following:</text>
<quoted-block display-inline="no-display-inline" id="id23ACFC86AD2145048050EE3320D72E1B" style="OLC">
<subsection id="id22E1BB6F20DB4CBEAD76861F4245FB9B"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Knowing
introduction into commerce of unsafe food</header>
<paragraph id="idF50AC45D98CF484192CD16A444AF96A8"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Criminal
sanctions</header>
<subparagraph id="id309116164A2A4C60B9E739FF970F6AB0"><enum>(A)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>Except as provided in subparagraph (B), a person that
knowingly produces or introduces into commerce meat or a meat food product that
is unsafe or otherwise adulterated or misbranded shall be imprisoned for not
more than 10 years or fined not more than $25,000, or both.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="id744ABA6E75B043ECBB15304CD3AE1EB3"><enum>(B)</enum><header>Severe
violations</header><text>A person that commits a violation described in
subparagraph (A) after a conviction of that person under this subsection has
become final, or commits such a violation with the intent to defraud or
mislead, shall be imprisoned for not more than 20 years or fined not more than
$100,000, or both.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="id419849FF084B4E308FD991F87879E5DB"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Penalties paid
into account</header><text>The Secretary shall deposit penalties collected
under this subsection in the account described in section 270(a)(4) of the
Department of Agriculture Reorganization Act of 1994.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="id5CD824098E24405491CD6E2B32BB7188"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Discretion of
the Secretary to prosecute</header><text>Nothing in this subsection requires
the Secretary to report for prosecution, or for the commencement of an action,
a violation described in paragraph (1) in a case in which the Secretary finds
that the public interest will be adequately served by the assessment of a civil
penalty.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="id65C6B887E2144E339A861FCE98E62F47"><enum>(4)</enum><header>Remedies not
exclusive</header><text>The remedies provided in this subsection are in
addition to, and not exclusive of, other remedies that may be available under
this or any other
Act.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block>
</subsection><subsection id="idDCB762EC144A4DFAA8726B12951B3143"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Egg Products
Inspection Act</header><text>Section 12 of the Egg Products Inspection Act (21
U.S.C. 1041) is amended by adding at the end the following:</text>
<quoted-block display-inline="no-display-inline" id="idB7A260DE481F4AE0AF7540762A922C6F" style="OLC">
<subsection id="id07BE4707B0ED42A58FDD4F67048E0894"><enum>(f)</enum><header>Knowing
introduction into commerce of unsafe food</header>
<paragraph id="idDA5A23D34D204BA8806C5F932E0822E3"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Criminal
sanctions</header>
<subparagraph id="id1ADAF4303DFE4913BBF3336313D29FEF"><enum>(A)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>Except as provided in subparagraph (B), a person that
knowingly produces or introduces into commerce eggs or egg products that are
unsafe or otherwise adulterated or misbranded shall be imprisoned for not more
than 10 years or fined not more than $25,000, or both.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="id47782F04F9F14D1181A7C636CB640461"><enum>(B)</enum><header>Severe
violations</header><text>A person that commits a violation described in
subparagraph (A) after a conviction of that person under this subsection has
become final, or commits such a violation with the intent to defraud or
mislead, shall be imprisoned for not more than 20 years or fined not more than
$100,000, or both.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="id30CCBDE0F1024C8FB621AAD8012AF68A"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Penalties paid
into account</header><text>The Secretary shall deposit penalties collected
under this subsection in the account described in section 270(a)(4) of the
Department of Agriculture Reorganization Act of 1994.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="id381A2A4549AC4059A479C6464EDC19CC"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Discretion of
the Secretary to prosecute</header><text>Nothing in this subsection requires
the Secretary to report for prosecution, or for the commencement of an action,
a violation described in paragraph (1) in a case in which the Secretary finds
that the public interest will be adequately served by the assessment of a civil
penalty.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="idBCC19429FADA4E0C9B01BA7557AE88BF"><enum>(4)</enum><header>Remedies not
exclusive</header><text>The remedies provided in this subsection are in
addition to, and not exclusive of, other remedies that may be available under
this or any other
Act.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block>
</subsection></section><section id="idE156CB8C5AD243AC8F5D25FC91E56722"><enum>222.</enum><header>Study on
HACCP-based Inspection Models Project</header>
<subsection id="idAB0DB5F1DC934D468A57E51C6798DF0B"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>The Comptroller General of the United States shall
conduct a study of the Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP)-based
Inspection Models Project (HIMP) for all plants enrolled in the Project before
the Secretary of Agriculture expands the number of plants that are enrolled in
the Project.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="id687CFFD2DDD84F45863F46B8A3E837C1"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Report</header><text>Not
later than 180 days after the date of enactment of this Act, the Comptroller
General shall submit to the Committee on Agriculture of the House of
Representatives and the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of
the Senate a report on the results of the study conducted under subsection (a),
including any recommendations.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="id6BB61D3B07F640CDB3724B409F3A9D9F"><enum>223.</enum><header>Study on the
effect of worker safety on food safety</header>
<subsection id="ID6d55342455544d49abf20e007be40c52"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>The Secretary of Agriculture, acting through the
Administrator of the Food Safety and Inspection Service and in cooperation with
the Director of the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health,
shall conduct a study on worker safety in the meat packing and poultry
processing industry, including the relationship between line speed and worker
safety.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="id675D5D06314D4ED89A1FCA5D5257F4B8"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Purpose</header><text>The
purpose of the study conducted under subsection (a) shall be to determine the
effect that workplace safety has on the safety of the food being
produced.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="IDf5928dfb924e45b599ed78c6ce93f3ab"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Report</header><text>Not
later than 180 days after the date of enactment of this Act, the Administrator
of the Food Safety and Inspection Service and the Director of the National
Institute for Occupational Safety and Health shall jointly submit to the
Committee on Agriculture of the House of Representatives and the Committee on
Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate a report on the results of
the study conducted under subsection (a), including any recommendations.</text>
</subsection></section>