1.Short title and table of
contents
(a)This Act may be cited
as the Global Partnerships Act of
2012
.
(b)The table of
contents for this Act is as follows:
Sec. 1. Short title and table of contents.
Sec. 2. Findings.
Sec. 3. Statement of policy.
Sec. 4. Principles of assistance.
Sec. 5. Purposes of assistance.
Sec. 6. Definitions.
Title I—Reducing global poverty and alleviating human
suffering
Sec. 1001. Findings.
Sec. 1002. Statement of policy.
Sec. 1003. Encouragement of United States private and voluntary
cooperation.
Sec. 1004. Encouragement of United States business
participation.
Sec. 1005. Development partnerships fellows
program.
Subtitle A—Reducing global poverty
Sec. 1011. Findings.
Sec. 1012. Statement of policy.
Sec. 1013. Principles of assistance.
Sec. 1014. Goals of assistance.
Sec. 1015. Development Support Funds.
Sec. 1016. Innovation Fund.
Sec. 1017. United States Strategy for Global
Development.
Sec. 1018. Country Development Cooperation
Strategies.
Sec. 1019. Sector strategies for development.
Sec. 1020. Interagency Policy Committee on Global
Development.
Sec. 1021. Global Development Council.
Sec. 1022. Development education.
Sec. 1023. Definitions.
Chapter 1—Accelerating Economic Growth
Sec. 1101. Findings and statement of policy.
Sec. 1102. Goal and objectives.
Sec. 1103. Global Strategy for Economic Growth.
Sec. 1104. Assistance for economic growth.
Sec. 1105. Fiscal and contract transparency.
Subchapter A—Microenterprise development
assistance
Sec. 1111. Findings and statement of policy.
Sec. 1112. Microenterprise Fund.
Sec. 1113. Office of Microenterprise Development.
Sec. 1114. Definitions.
Subchapter B—Small and medium enterprise
development
Sec. 1121. Findings and statement of policy.
Sec. 1122. Assistance for small and medium
enterprises.
Sec. 1123. Definition.
Subchapter C—Other programs
Sec. 1131. Development credit authority.
Sec. 1132. Technical assistance for financial
management.
Chapter 2—Promoting food security
Sec. 1201. Findings and statement of policy.
Sec. 1202. Goal and objectives.
Sec. 1203. Global Strategy for Food Security.
Sec. 1204. Assistance for promoting food security.
Sec. 1205. Collaborative agricultural and nutrition research
and innovation.
Sec. 1206. Board for International Food and Agricultural
Development.
Sec. 1207. Assistance to international and regional
organizations.
Sec. 1208. Definitions.
Chapter 3—Advancing health
Sec. 1301. Findings and statement of policy.
Sec. 1302. Goal and objectives.
Sec. 1303. Global health strategy.
Sec. 1304. Assistance for health.
Sec. 1305. Health principles and restrictions.
Subchapter A—Child survival and maternal health
Sec. 1311. Child survival.
Sec. 1312. Maternal and newborn health.
Sec. 1313. Assistance for orphans and other vulnerable
children.
Subchapter B—Combating disease
Sec. 1321. Assistance to combat HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, and
malaria.
Sec. 1322. Assistance to combat neglected tropical
diseases.
Sec. 1323. Assistance for disease prevention, control, and
treatment.
Subchapter C—Family planning and reproductive
health
Sec. 1331. Assistance for family planning and reproductive
health.
Sec. 1332. Reproductive health care in emergencies.
Chapter 4—Expanding quality education
Sec. 1401. Findings and statement of policy.
Sec. 1402. Goal and objectives.
Sec. 1403. Global education strategy.
Sec. 1404. Basic education assistance.
Sec. 1405. Higher education partnerships.
Chapter 5—Protecting and restoring the natural
environment
Sec. 1501. Findings and statement of policy.
Sec. 1502. Goal and objectives.
Sec. 1503. Global conservation strategy.
Sec. 1504. Assistance for environmental
sustainability.
Sec. 1505. Assistance for sustainable energy and natural
resource management.
Sec. 1506. Environmental restrictions.
Sec. 1507. Environmental impact statements and
assessments.
Sec. 1508. Definitions.
Chapter 6—Improving access to safe water, sanitation, and
housing
Sec. 1601. Findings and statement of policy.
Sec. 1602. Goal and objectives.
Sec. 1603. Global strategy for water, sanitation and
housing.
Sec. 1604. Assistance for water, sanitation and
housing.
Sec. 1605. Definitions.
Chapter 7—Fostering gender equality
Sec. 1701. Findings and statement of policy.
Sec. 1702. Goal and objectives.
Sec. 1703. Global strategy for gender equality.
Sec. 1704. Assistance for gender equality.
Sec. 1705. Office of Gender Equality and Women’s
Empowerment.
Sec. 1706. Prevention of child marriage.
Sec. 1707. Coordination of efforts to prevent child
marriage.
Sec. 1708. Definitions.
Chapter 8—Strengthening democratic governance
Sec. 1801. Findings and statement of policy.
Sec. 1802. Goal and objectives.
Sec. 1803. Assistance for democratic strengthening.
Sec. 1804. Advisory Committee on Democracy
Promotion.
Sec. 1805. Foreign government approval and
conditionality.
Sec. 1806. Relationship to other laws.
Sec. 1807. Prohibiting assistance to influence the outcome of
elections.
Sec. 1808. Protected speech.
Subtitle B—Alleviating human suffering
Sec. 1901. Findings and statement of policy.
Sec. 1902. Goal and objectives.
Sec. 1903. Humanitarian principles.
Sec. 1904. International disaster assistance.
Sec. 1905. Emergency Humanitarian Response Fund.
Sec. 1906. Definitions.
Title II—Advancing Peace and Mitigating Conflict
Sec. 2001. Findings and statement of policy.
Sec. 2002. Definition.
Subtitle A—General Authorities
Sec. 2011. Peacekeeping.
Sec. 2012. Transition initiatives.
Sec. 2013. Limit on payment to United Nations and affiliated
agencies.
Sec. 2014. Availability of aircraft.
Sec. 2015. Complex Crisis, Stabilization, and Prevention
Fund.
Sec. 2016. Addressing violence against women and girls in
humanitarian relief, peacekeeping, conflict, and post-conflict
settings.
Sec. 2017. Demining activities.
Sec. 2018. Disarmament, demobilization, reintegration, and
rehabilitation activities.
Subtitle B—Strategies, Assessments, and Reports
Sec. 2021. Regional conflict risk assessment and conflict
mitigation strategy.
Sec. 2022. Data on costs incurred in support of United Nations
peacekeeping operations.
Sec. 2023. Peace on Cyprus and in the Eastern
Mediterranean.
Subtitle C—Organizations and Personnel
Sec. 2031. Atrocities Prevention Board.
Sec. 2032. Under Secretary for Civilian Security, Democracy,
and Human Rights.
Sec. 2033. Conflict and stabilization operations.
Sec. 2034. Danger pay.
Sec. 2035. Stability policing coordinator.
Sec. 2036. Training in conflict management and
mitigation.
Title III—Supporting human rights and democracy
Subtitle A—General provisions
Sec. 3101. Findings and statement of policy.
Sec. 3102. Country reports on human rights
practices.
Sec. 3103. Action plans for human rights and
democracy.
Sec. 3104. Human Rights and Democracy Fund.
Sec. 3105. Role of Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and
Labor.
Sec. 3106. Discrimination related to sexual
orientation.
Sec. 3107. Personnel awards and incentives.
Subtitle B—International violence against women and girls
Sec. 3201. Statement of policy.
Sec. 3202. Duties of the Secretary of State.
Sec. 3203. Comprehensive international strategy to prevent and
respond to violence against women and girls.
Sec. 3204. Assistance to prevent and respond to violence
against women and girls internationally.
Sec. 3205. Definitions.
Subtitle C—Rule of law
Sec. 3301. Findings.
Sec. 3302. Global Rule of Law Policy Committee.
Sec. 3303. Assistance for rule of law.
Sec. 3304. Definition.
Subtitle D—Child protection
Sec. 3401. Findings.
Sec. 3402. Child Protection Compacts.
Sec. 3403. Authorization of assistance.
Sec. 3404. Suspension and termination of
assistance.
Sec. 3405. Congressional notification.
Sec. 3406. Definitions.
Title IV—Building and reinforcing strategic
partnerships
Sec. 4001. Findings.
Sec. 4002. Statement of policy.
Sec. 4003. Goals of assistance.
Subtitle A—Economic Support Fund
Sec. 4101. Findings and statement of policy.
Sec. 4102. Goal and objectives.
Sec. 4103. Economic Support Fund.
Sec. 4104. Cash transfer assistance.
Subtitle B—Security partnerships
Chapter 1—General authorities
Sec. 4211. Authorization of assistance.
Sec. 4212. Conditions of assistance.
Sec. 4213. Prohibition for misuse of United States
assistance.
Chapter 2—Drawdown authority
Sec. 4221. Authorization of emergency assistance.
Sec. 4222. Authorization of non-emergency
assistance.
Sec. 4223. Commercial transportation and related
services.
Sec. 4224. Report.
Chapter 3—Loans of defense articles
Sec. 4231. Loan requirements.
Sec. 4232. Cost of loans.
Chapter 4—Stockpiling of defense articles
Sec. 4241. General authority.
Sec. 4242. Value of defense articles.
Chapter 5—Foreign military financing
Sec. 4251. General authority.
Sec. 4252. Rule of construction.
Sec. 4253. Audits.
Sec. 4254. Cash flow financing.
Chapter 6—International military education and
training
Sec. 4261. Purpose.
Sec. 4262. Military education and training for foreign military
and defense personnel.
Sec. 4263. Military education and training for foreign civilian
personnel.
Sec. 4264. Locations of instruction.
Sec. 4265. Reimbursement.
Sec. 4266. Exchange of training and related
support.
Chapter 7—Transfer of excess defense articles
Sec. 4271. Transfer of excess defense articles.
Sec. 4272. Terms of transfers.
Sec. 4273. Advance notification to Congress for transfer of
certain excess defense articles.
Sec. 4274. Aggregate annual limitation.
Sec. 4275. Restrictions and conditions on transfers of naval
vessels.
Chapter 8—Cooperative project agreements
Sec. 4281. Authority to enter into cooperative project
agreements.
Sec. 4282. Costs.
Sec. 4283. Charges.
Sec. 4284. Certification.
Sec. 4285. Authority in addition to other
authorities.
Subtitle C—Arms sales and related assistance
Sec. 4301. Control of arms exports and imports.
Chapter 1—Foreign military sales and cooperation
Sec. 4311. General authority.
Sec. 4312. Procurement for foreign military cash
sales.
Sec. 4313. Payments.
Sec. 4314. Charges.
Sec. 4315. Non-combat duties of United States personnel
supporting foreign military sales.
Sec. 4316. Public information.
Sec. 4317. Standardization agreements.
Sec. 4318. Quality assurance and related services.
Sec. 4319. Restriction on sale of defense articles and defense
services that would adversely affect United States combat
readiness.
Sec. 4320. Acquisition of foreign-United States origin defense
articles.
Sec. 4321. Return of defense articles.
Sec. 4322. Sale of obsolete naval vessels.
Sec. 4323. Annual estimate and justification for sales
program.
Sec. 4324. Sales to United States companies for incorporation
into end items.
Sec. 4325. Fiscal provisions relating to foreign military sales
credits.
Chapter 2—Arms export controls
Sec. 4331. Licensing requirement for exporting or importing
defense articles and defense services.
Sec. 4332. Impact of military expenditures on
development.
Sec. 4333. Requirement for registration by
exporters.
Sec. 4334. Identification of all consignees and freight
forwarders.
Sec. 4335. Brokering activities.
Sec. 4336. Foreign persons.
Sec. 4337. Review of United States Munitions List.
Sec. 4338. Licensing of missiles and missile equipment or
technology.
Sec. 4339. Special licensing authorization for certain exports
to strategic United States allies.
Chapter 3—Leases of defense articles
Sec. 4351. Leasing authority.
Sec. 4352. Certification for leasing.
Sec. 4353. Congressional review and disapproval.
Sec. 4354. Application of other provisions of law.
Sec. 4355. Loan of materials, supplies, and equipment for
research and development purposes.
Sec. 4356. Special leasing authority.
Chapter 4—Retransfers of United States defense
articles
Sec. 4361. Authority to approve retransfers.
Sec. 4362. Demilitarization for retransfer of significant
defense articles.
Sec. 4363. Proceeds of sale of retransferred defense
articles.
Sec. 4364. Certification.
Chapter 5—Enforcement and monitoring of arms sales
Sec. 4371. General authority.
Sec. 4372. Criminal and civil penalties.
Sec. 4373. Identification of persons of concern.
Sec. 4374. Standards to identify high-risk exports.
Sec. 4375. Requirement of exporters to report
shipment.
Sec. 4376. End-use monitoring of defense articles and defense
services.
Sec. 4377. Fees of military sales agents and other
payments.
Sec. 4378. Prohibition on incentive payments.
Chapter 6—Congressional review of arms sales
Sec. 4381. Reports on commercial and governmental military
exports; congressional action.
Sec. 4382. Congressional certification of sensitive foreign
military sales and agreements.
Sec. 4383. Upgrade or enhancement.
Sec. 4384. Congressional review period and
disapproval.
Sec. 4385. National security waiver of congressional review of
arms sales.
Sec. 4386. Publication of arms sales notifications.
Sec. 4387. Certification requirement relating to Israel’s
qualitative military edge.
Chapter 7—Landmines and cluster munitions
Sec. 4391. Landmines.
Sec. 4392. Cluster munitions.
Subtitle D—General administrative and miscellaneous
provisions
Sec. 4401. General provisions.
Sec. 4402. Administrative expenses.
Sec. 4403. Detail of appropriate personnel.
Sec. 4404. Rule of construction.
Sec. 4405. Performance goals for processing of applications for
licenses to export items on United States Munitions List.
Sec. 4406. Availability of information on the status of license
applications.
Sec. 4407. Requirement to ensure adequate staff and resources
for the Directorate of Defense Trade Controls of the Department of
State.
Sec. 4408. Overseas management of assistance and sales
programs.
Sec. 4409. Designation of major United States
allies.
Sec. 4410. Depleted uranium ammunition.
Sec. 4411. Definitions.
Title V—Countering Transnational Threats
Subtitle A—Nonproliferation authorities
Chapter 1—Nuclear nonproliferation
Sec. 5111. Authorization of assistance to prohibit the
proliferation of nuclear, chemical, and biological weapons.
Sec. 5112. Education and training to enhance nonproliferation
and export control capabilities.
Sec. 5113. Opposition of withdrawal from Treaty on the
Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons.
Sec. 5114. Matters relating to International Atomic Energy
Agency.
Sec. 5115. Arms Control and Nonproliferation Scholarship
Program.
Sec. 5116. Arms Control and Nonproliferation Rotation
Program.
Chapter 2—Missile nonproliferation
Sec. 5121. Licensing.
Sec. 5122. Denial of the transfer of missile equipment or
technology by United States persons.
Sec. 5123. Transfers of missile equipment or technology by
foreign persons.
Sec. 5124. Notification of admittance of MTCR
adherents.
Sec. 5125. Authority relating to MTCR adherents.
Sec. 5126. Definitions.
Chapter 3—Chemical and biological nonproliferation
Sec. 5131. Sanctions against certain foreign
persons.
Subtitle B—Counter-Narcotics authorities
Sec. 5201. Findings.
Sec. 5202. Statement of policy.
Sec. 5203. Goal and objectives.
Sec. 5204. General authorities.
Sec. 5205. Authorization of Bureau of International Narcotics
and Law Enforcement.
Sec. 5206. Use of funds.
Sec. 5207. Requirements relating to aircraft and other
equipment.
Sec. 5208. Restrictions.
Sec. 5209. International counter-narcotics
strategy.
Sec. 5210. International narcotics control assistance
report.
Sec. 5211. Narcotics strategy evaluation.
Subtitle C—Counter-Terrorism authorities
Sec. 5301. Purposes.
Sec. 5302. Assistance to countries and multilateral
organizations for counter-terrorism activities.
Sec. 5303. Counter-terrorism responsibilities of the Department
of State.
Title VI—Sustaining the global environment
Sec. 6001. Findings and statement of policy.
Subtitle A—Debt-for-Nature Exchanges
Sec. 6101. Findings and statement of policy.
Sec. 6102. Definitions.
Sec. 6103. Establishment of the Facility.
Sec. 6104. Eligibility for benefits.
Sec. 6105. Authority to engage in debt-for-nature swaps and
debt buybacks.
Sec. 6106. Reduction of debt owed to the United States as a
result of concessional loans or credits under this Act and certain other
provisions of law.
Sec. 6107. Debt-for-Nature Agreement.
Sec. 6108. Eligible activities.
Sec. 6109. Debt-for-Nature Fund.
Sec. 6110. Responsibilities to the Congress.
Sec. 6111. General savings clause.
Subtitle B—Commercial Debt-for-Nature Exchanges
Sec. 6201. Commercial debt-for-nature exchange
defined.
Sec. 6202. Authorization for commercial debt
exchanges.
Sec. 6203. Eligible projects.
Sec. 6204. Eligible countries.
Sec. 6205. Prohibition.
Title VII—Expanding prosperity through trade and
investment
Sec. 7001. Findings.
Sec. 7002. Authority for coordination.
Subtitle A—Overseas Private Investment Corporation
Sec. 7101. Creation and purpose.
Sec. 7102. Prohibitions and restrictions.
Sec. 7103. Capital of the corporation.
Sec. 7104. Organization and management.
Sec. 7105. Investment Insurance and Other
Programs.
Sec. 7106. Issuing authority; direct loan authority; discharge
of liabilities.
Sec. 7107. Income and revenues.
Sec. 7108. General provisions relating to insurance, guaranty,
and financing program.
Sec. 7109. General provisions and powers.
Sec. 7110. Reports to the Congress.
Sec. 7111. Definitions.
Subtitle B—United States Trade and Development
Agency
Sec. 7201. United States Trade and Development
Agency.
Subtitle C—Enterprise Funds
Sec. 7301. Findings.
Sec. 7302. Purposes.
Sec. 7303. Authority to designate enterprise funds.
Sec. 7304. GAO reports.
Sec. 7305. Operation provisions.
Sec. 7306. Best practices and procedures.
Sec. 7307. Experience of other enterprise funds.
Title IX—Strategic planning, monitoring and evaluation, and
reporting
Subtitle A—Strategic planning
Sec. 9101. Quadrennial Diplomacy, Development, and Security
Review.
Sec. 9102. Comprehensive workforce and human resources
strategy.
Subtitle B—Monitoring and evaluation
Sec. 9201. Monitoring and evaluation of foreign
assistance.
Sec. 9202. Monitoring and evaluation of humanitarian
assistance.
Subtitle C—Reporting requirements
Sec. 9301. Transparency and accountability in
budgeting.
Sec. 9302. Congressional budget justification.
Sec. 9303. Report on allocation of assistance under this
Act.
Sec. 9304. Security assistance database.
Sec. 9305. Classification of reports.
Subtitle D—Congressional notification procedures
Sec. 9401. Notification of program changes.
Sec. 9402. Congressional notification parity.
Sec. 9403. Presidential findings and
determinations.
Title X—Policy Restrictions and Special Authorities
Subtitle A—Policy Restrictions
Sec. 10001. Definitions.
Chapter 1—Human Rights
Sec. 10101. Prohibition on assistance to governments that
engage in violations of human rights.
Sec. 10102. Prohibition on assistance to certain human rights
violators.
Sec. 10103. Prohibition on assistance to governments following
coups d’état.
Sec. 10104. Prohibition on assistance to governments that
prohibit or impede delivery of humanitarian assistance.
Sec. 10105. Prohibition on use of funds to support or justify
torture.
Sec. 10106. Prohibition on assistance to governments engaged in
intimidation and harassment against individuals in the United
States.
Chapter 2—Non-Proliferation
Sec. 10201. Prohibition on assistance to governments that
transfer nuclear enrichment equipment, materials, or technology.
Sec. 10202. Prohibition on assistance to governments that
transfer nuclear reprocessing equipment, materials, or technology or nuclear
explosive devices.
Sec. 10203. Security assistance to Pakistan.
Chapter 3—Narcotics
Sec. 10301. Prohibition on assistance to drug
traffickers.
Sec. 10302. Prohibition on assistance to state sponsors of drug
trafficking.
Sec. 10303. Prohibition on reimbursements for drug crop
eradications.
Chapter 4—Terrorism
Subchapter A—General provisions
Sec. 10401. Prohibition on assistance to state sponsors of
terrorism.
Sec. 10402. Prohibition on assistance to foreign governments
supporting state sponsors of terrorism.
Sec. 10403. Prohibition on transactions with state sponsors of
terrorism.
Sec. 10404. Transactions with countries not fully cooperating
with United States counterterrorism efforts.
Sec. 10405. Withholding of United States proportionate share
for certain programs of international organizations.
Subchapter B—Middle East provisions
Sec. 10411. Conditional contributions to certain international
organizations.
Sec. 10412. Limitation on assistance to the Palestinian
Authority.
Sec. 10413. Limitation on assistance for the West Bank and
Gaza.
Sec. 10414. Palestinian statehood.
Sec. 10415. Restrictions concerning the Palestinian
Authority.
Sec. 10416. Prohibition on assistance to the Palestinian
Broadcasting Corporation.
Sec. 10417. Assistance for the West Bank and Gaza.
Sec. 10418. Limitation on assistance to the Palestinian
Authority.
Sec. 10419. Limitation relating to Palestinian status in the
United Nations.
Chapter 5—Trade and commerce
Sec. 10501. Prohibition on assistance for exporting United
States jobs.
Sec. 10502. Prohibition on assistance to governments that
expropriate United States property.
Sec. 10503. Prohibition on assistance for compensation relating
to expropriated or nationalized property.
Sec. 10504. Prohibition on assistance to governments that
refuse extradition requests.
Sec. 10505. Prohibition on taxation of foreign
assistance.
Sec. 10506. Reimbursement of parking fines and real property
taxes owed by governments.
Sec. 10507. Limitation on assistance to countries in
default.
Sec. 10508. Prohibition on promotion of tobacco.
Sec. 10509. Prohibition on assistance for official
gifts.
Subtitle B—Policy Authorities
Sec. 10601. Contingencies.
Sec. 10602. Transfer between accounts.
Sec. 10603. Special waiver authority.
Title XI—Organization, Management, and Human
Resources
Sec. 11001. Definitions.
Subtitle A—Organization
Chapter 1—Exercise and coordination of functions
Sec. 11101. Delegations; regulations.
Sec. 11102. Role of the Secretary of State.
Sec. 11103. Role of the Chief of Mission.
Sec. 11104. Role of the Secretary of Defense.
Sec. 11105. Office for Global Women’s Issues.
Sec. 11106. Bureau for Energy Resources.
Sec. 11107. Bureau of Oceans, Environment and
Science.
Chapter 2—United States Agency for International
Development
Sec. 11201. United States Agency for International
Development.
Sec. 11202. Role of the Administrator.
Sec. 11203. Overseas missions.
Sec. 11204. Chairman of OECD Development Assistance
Committee.
Sec. 11205. Responsibilities of the Inspector General of the
United States Agency for International Development.
Subtitle B—Management and program administration
Chapter 1—Operating expenses and administrative authorities
Sec. 11301. Operating expenses of the United States Agency for
International Development.
Sec. 11302. Authorized uses of funds.
Sec. 11303. Operating expenses of the Office of the Inspector
General.
Sec. 11304. Administrative authorities of the Department of
Defense.
Sec. 11305. Working Capital Fund.
Sec. 11306. Suspension and debarment.
Sec. 11307. False claims and ineligible
commodities.
Sec. 11308. Termination expenses.
Sec. 11309. Prohibition on certain first-class
travel.
Chapter 2—Assistance authorities and program
expenses
Sec. 11401. General assistance authorities.
Sec. 11402. Authority to conduct reimbursable
programs.
Sec. 11403. Retention of interest.
Sec. 11404. Marking and branding of economic and humanitarian
assistance.
Sec. 11405. Reductions in designated funds.
Sec. 11406. Requirement for authorization of
appropriations.
Sec. 11407. Unexpended balances.
Sec. 11408. Authority for extended period of availability of
appropriations.
Sec. 11409. Support for regional, international and
nongovernmental organizations.
Sec. 11410. Protection of patents and technical
information.
Sec. 11411. Private and voluntary organizations and
cooperatives.
Chapter 3—Procurement, disposition, transportation and
valuation of articles
Sec. 11501. Procurement standards and procedures.
Sec. 11502. Local procurement.
Sec. 11503. United States competitiveness.
Sec. 11504. Small business.
Sec. 11505. Allocation or transfer of funds and reimbursement
among agencies.
Sec. 11506. Retention and use of certain items and
funds.
Sec. 11507. Foreign and domestic excess property.
Sec. 11508. Ocean freight differential.
Sec. 11509. Use of aircraft for additional
purposes.
Sec. 11510. Streamlining and review of procurement
process.
Sec. 11511. Overseas procurement flexibility.
Sec. 11512. Local guard contracts abroad.
Sec. 11513. Authority to pay transportation costs.
Chapter 4—Use of foreign currencies
Sec. 11601. Separate accounts for local currencies.
Sec. 11602. Use of certain foreign currencies.
Sec. 11603. Accounting and valuation of foreign
currencies.
Subtitle C—Human resources
Chapter 1—Personnel and benefits
Sec. 11701. Employment of personnel.
Sec. 11702. Experts and consultants.
Sec. 11703. Prohibition of discrimination against Federal
personnel.
Sec. 11704. Foreign service limited appointments.
Sec. 11705. Technical advisors.
Sec. 11706. Personal services contractors for
USAID.
Sec. 11707. Personal services contractors for the Department of
State.
Sec. 11708. Hiring authority of Inspector General of the United
States Agency for International Development.
Sec. 11709. Public availability of consulting
contracts.
Sec. 11710. Senior Foreign Service requirement.
Sec. 11711. Pay parity for criminal investigators.
Chapter 2—Details, fellowships, and exchanges
Sec. 11801. Details to foreign governments and international
organizations.
Sec. 11802. Details to United States Government
agencies.
Sec. 11803. Science and technology fellowship
programs.
Sec. 11804. Foreign relations exchange programs.
Sec. 11805. Guidelines for rotational assignments.
Chapter 3—Training and professional development
Sec. 11901. Training of Federal personnel.
Sec. 11902. Career development.
Sec. 11903. Language skills development.
Title XII—Amendments and repeals
Subtitle A—Amendments
Sec. 12101. Amendments relating to assistance to combat
HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, and malaria.
Sec. 12102. Amendments to the Millennium Challenge Act of
2003.
Sec. 12103. Amendments to the Migration and Refugee Assistance
Act of 1962.
Sec. 12104. Amendments to the Fulbright-Hays Act.
Subtitle B—Repeals
Sec. 12201. Repeal of laws incorporated in this
Act.
Sec. 12202. Repeal of laws inconsistent with this
Act.
Sec. 12203. Repeal of obsolete provisions of law.
Sec. 12204. Repeal of unnecessary reporting
requirements.
Subtitle C—Savings provisions
Sec. 12301. References to former authorities.
Sec. 12302. Repeal of provisions amending other
laws.
Sec. 12303. Savings provisions.
Sec. 12304. Effective date.
2.Congress finds the following:
(1)In an increasingly interdependent world,
the health, prosperity, freedom, and security of the people of the United
States are strengthened when the people of all countries can enjoy these same
advantages.
(2)The development of
a healthier, more peaceful, democratic, just and prosperous world requires the
sustained and substantial investment of United States human and financial
resources in fostering international cooperation and in building the capacity
of other countries to meet the needs of their people and to conduct themselves
responsibly in the international system.
(3)Foreign assistance is not only a reflection
of the values, generosity, and goodwill of the people of the United States, but
also an essential means for achieving United States foreign policy, economic,
and national security objectives.
3.It is the policy of the
United States to help build and sustain an international community composed of
states that meet basic human needs, resolve conflicts peacefully, respect
fundamental freedoms, cooperate to address issues that transcend national
boundaries, use wisely the world’s limited resources in a sustainable manner,
and work toward the achievement of economic well-being for all people.
4.In order to
maximize effectiveness and efficiency, United States foreign assistance should
be carried out in accordance with the following principles:
(1)Foreign assistance is not an end in itself.
The purpose of foreign assistance is to create the conditions under which it is
no longer needed.
(2)United States foreign assistance should
support the development of human, financial, organizational, and technical
capacity of partner countries, both within government and among civil society,
that is sustainable over the long term and leads to self-reliance.
(3)United States foreign assistance,
regardless of type, purpose, or recipient, should respect human rights and
democratic processes.
(4)United States embassies and United States
Agency for International Development missions in partner countries should be
accorded a central role in planning, budgeting, and decisionmaking with respect
to United States foreign assistance to those countries.
(5)United States foreign assistance programs
should be carried out in collaboration with a wide variety of partners,
including multilateral organizations, governments of partner countries at all
levels, intermediate representative institutions, and international, United
States, and local civil society organizations.
(6)Nonemergency United States foreign
assistance should be provided pursuant to well-coordinated strategies with
specific goals and measurable objectives, while preserving the flexibility to
respond to rapidly changing situations.
(7)Monitoring and evaluation of United States
foreign assistance should be conducted systematically to ensure financial
accountability, evaluate performance, assess impact, determine lessons learned,
disseminate findings, and identify steps for improvement.
(8)Because gender equality is essential to
democracy, human rights and economic development, the needs, views, rights,
roles, and resources of women should be taken into account in all stages of the
foreign assistance process, including strategic planning, budgeting, design,
implementation, monitoring, and evaluation.
(9)Because natural resources and a healthy,
functioning environment underpin sustainable economic growth, health, and food
security, the likely impact of United States foreign assistance policies and
programs upon the environment should be taken into account in all stages of the
foreign assistance process. Effective action should be taken to mitigate any
negative impacts and to ensure that all people enjoy the same degree of
protection from environmental and health hazards.
(10)The United States Government should publish
timely, detailed, and comprehensive information on the budgeting, delivery, and
expenditure of United States foreign assistance in order to enhance
transparency and accountability for results and should encourage and facilitate
similar transparency by the partner country regarding its national budget,
government contracts, and aid-related expenditures.
(11)United States foreign assistance should be
conducted within a coherent and coordinated structure that establishes clear
lines of authority, delineates responsibilities, rationalizes functions, closes
gaps, promotes policy consistency, and ensures civilian leadership.
(12)To ensure that United States foreign
assistance achieves its intended objectives and to maximize its impact, the
United States Government should design and implement such assistance in
partnership with local stakeholders, including as appropriate and feasible,
governments, intermediate representative institutions, civil society
organizations, and affected communities.
(13)The success of United States foreign
assistance in meeting humanitarian, foreign policy, and national security
objectives depends on the sustained commitment of adequate and reliable
budgetary resources as well as on the development, training, and maintenance of
a diverse and experienced corps of professionals to design, manage, implement,
and monitor such foreign assistance.
5.United States
foreign assistance under this Act shall be provided in accordance with the
policy set forth in section 3 and the principles set forth in section 4 to
achieve the following interrelated and mutually reinforcing purposes:
(1)Reducing global
poverty and alleviating human suffering.
(2)Advancing peace
and mitigating crises.
(3)Supporting human
rights and democracy.
(4)Building and
reinforcing strategic partnerships.
(5)Countering
transnational threats.
(6)Sustaining the
global environment.
(7)Expanding
prosperity through trade and investment.
6.Except as otherwise provided, in this
Act:
(1)The
term Administrator means the Administrator of the United States
Agency for International Development.
(2)The term Agency or USAID means
the United States Agency for International Development.
(3)Appropriate
congressional committeesThe term appropriate congressional
committees means—
(A)the Committee on
Foreign Affairs and the Committee on Appropriations of the House of
Representatives; and
(B)the Committee on
Foreign Relations and the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate.
(4)The term basic human needs means the
requirements for sustaining life, health, and human dignity.
(5)Civil society
organizationThe term
civil society organization means—
(A)a registered or
unregistered nonprofit organization, independent of the government and state,
including a private and voluntary organization, community or faith-based
organization, advocacy group, business or trade association, cooperative,
credit union, labor union, or philanthropic foundation;
(B)an independent
media, educational, or research institution; or
(C)a private
enterprise, including an international development firm, bank or other
financial institution, or a business of any type.
(6)The
term country means the government, civil society, and intermediate
representative institutions of a state or specially administered area.
(7)The term
development assistance means—
(A)assistance
under—
(i)subtitle A of
title I;
(ii)the Millennium
Challenge Act of 2003 (22 U.S.C. 7701 et seq.);
(iii)the United States Leadership Against
HIV/AIDS, Tuberculosis, and Malaria Act of 2003 (22 U.S.C. 7601 et
seq.);
(iv)title V of the
International Security and Development Cooperation Act of 1980 (22 U.S.C. 290h
et seq.; relating to the African Development Foundation); or
(v)section 401 of the
Foreign Assistance Act of 1969 (22 U.S.C. 290f; relating to the Inter-American
Foundation);
(B)official development assistance under any
provision of law; and
(C)reconstruction
assistance under any provision of law.
(8)The term economic assistance means
foreign assistance, other than assistance under subtitle B or C of title
IV.
(9)The term Federal agency has the meaning given
the term Executive agency in section 105 of title 5, United States Code.
(10)The term
foreign assistance means any tangible or intangible item provided
by the United States Government to a foreign country or international
organization under this or any other Act, including any training, service, or
technical advice, any item of real, personal, or mixed property, any
agricultural commodity, any gift, loan, sale, credit, guarantee, or export
subsidy, United States dollars, and any currencies of any foreign country which
are owned by the United States Government.
(11)The term fundamental freedoms means the
freedoms of association, assembly, expression, and religion.
(12)The
term genocide means an offense as described in section 1091 of
title 18, United States Code.
(13)The term humanitarian assistance
means—
(A)assistance under
subtitle B of title I;
(B)emergency food
assistance under title II of the Agricultural Trade Development and Assistance
Act of 1954 (Public Law 83–480); and
(C)refugee and
migration assistance under the Migration and Refugee Act of 1962.
(14)Institution of
higher educationThe term institution of higher
education has the meaning given such term under section 101 of the
Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1001).
(15)Intermediate
representative institutionThe term intermediate
representative institution means an organization with the mandate to
represent citizens in government and in political processes, such as a
legislature, political party, advisory commission, or municipal council.
(16)International
organizationThe term international organization
means an international organization as defined in section 1 of the
International Organizations Immunities Act (22 U.S.C. 288).
(17)The term marginalized group—
(A)means a group that
is excluded by law, policy, or practice from participating on a full and equal
basis in the political, economic, and social life of a country, including the
enjoyment of all rights and freedoms; and
(B)includes women,
poor people, youth, refugees, displaced or stateless persons, persons belonging
to racial, national, ethnic, religious or linguistic minorities, persons with
disabilities, and persons discriminated against on the basis of their sexual
orientation or gender identity.
(18)The term mass atrocities includes war
crimes, genocide or acts that may constitute genocide, and other crimes against
humanity.
(19)Military
education and trainingThe
term military education and training includes formal or informal
instruction of foreign students in the United States or overseas by officers or
employees of the United States, contract technicians, contractors (including
instruction at civilian institutions), or by correspondence courses, technical,
educational, or informational publications and media of all kinds, training
aids, orientation, and military advice to foreign military units and
forces.
(20)The terms notwithstanding any other provision of
law and notwithstanding any provision of this or any other
Act shall not apply to title 31, United States Code, the Congressional
Budget and Impoundment Control Act of 1974, or the Budget Enforcement Act of
1990.
(21)The term partner country means a country
that is receiving or is eligible to receive foreign assistance.
(22)Private and
voluntary organizationThe term private and voluntary
organization means a nonprofit, nongovernmental organization.
(23)The term private partner means—
(A)a non-United States Government entity
that—
(i)enters into a
contract, as described in section 6303 of title 31, United States Code, with
the United States Government;
(ii)accepts a grant,
as described in section 6304 of title 31, United States Code, from the United
States Government; or
(iii)enters into a
cooperative agreement, as described in section 6305 of title 31, United States
Code, with the United States Government,
relating
to the use by that entity of foreign assistance; and(B)any subcontractor
or subgrantee thereof.
(24)The
term Secretary means the Secretary of State.
(25)The term security assistance means
foreign assistance under title IV or title V.
(26)The term United
States, when used in the geographic sense, includes each State of the
several States, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico,
American Samoa, Guam, the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, the
Virgin Islands of the United States, and any other territory or possession of
the United States.
(27)United States
Armed ForcesThe term
United States Armed Forces means the Army, Navy, Air Force, Marine
Corps, and Coast Guard.
<enum>I</enum><header>Reducing global
poverty and alleviating human suffering</header>
<section id="HB8A50E1977BE40B0BE48B5D1801376BB"><enum>1001.</enum><header>Findings</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">Congress finds the following:</text>
<paragraph id="HD58D057AE8794B86ADF45E8338532590"><enum>(1)</enum><text>The abject and
dehumanizing conditions of extreme poverty, which affect more than a billion
people around the world, are inimical to the achievement of a healthy,
peaceful, democratic, just and prosperous world and an affront to shared human
values.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H9B12E64BD14E4CE2B33FA63C41FB6827"><enum>(2)</enum><text>A
principal objective of United States foreign policy is reducing global poverty
and its worst physical manifestations through the encouragement and sustained
support of the people of developing countries in their efforts to acquire the
knowledge and resources essential to building the economic, political, and
social institutions that will improve the quality of their lives.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H3188D2BE858E46AB8FD8412D6FB1FAD8"><enum>(3)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Strengthening democratic governance and the
political voice of poor and marginalized groups not only directly combats
poverty but also helps build responsive, accountable state institutions
essential to sustain the positive impact of foreign assistance over the
long-term.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H6583F48161AD48B7B2B4DCE881D38D15"><enum>(4)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">United States efforts to reduce global
poverty and alleviate human suffering reflect the compassion and generosity of
the American people, while also serving United States economic and national
security interests. Poor and unstable countries make unreliable trading
partners and weak markets for United States goods and services. Violent
extremism that threatens United States national security flourishes where
democratic governance is weak, justice is uncertain, and legal avenues for
change are in short supply.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H3815B24E575149ECA586CA345BC0D946"><enum>(5)</enum><text>Complementing the
long-term objective of reducing global poverty, the humanitarian concern and
tradition of the people of the United States demands a commitment to saving
lives and alleviating human suffering resulting from natural and human-caused
disasters, and to taking effective action to prevent, prepare for, and mitigate
such disasters.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H3BBD331B8235437D9DFFF537FAFAE3BB"><enum>(6)</enum><text>Pursuit of these
interrelated objectives requires that development and humanitarian concerns be
fully reflected throughout United States foreign policy, and that resources for
these purposes be adequately and reliably budgeted and effectively and
efficiently utilized.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H5AEA192762A740A69883D1CC89C332B2"><enum>(7)</enum><text>In order to
achieve United States foreign policy and national security objectives, the
United States should act in concert with other countries and multilateral
institutions to mobilize adequate resources from public and private sources for
poverty reduction and humanitarian relief.</text>
</paragraph></section><section id="HBAC14380BE2846FC859AE4F2E4B2AE42"><enum>1002.</enum><header>Statement of
policy</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">It is the policy of the
United States to undertake best efforts to—</text>
<paragraph id="H734678760F3A4ECC82D31BFFE130AF72"><enum>(1)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">reduce global poverty, including by
establishing and meeting, in cooperation with governments of developing
countries, other public and private donors, multilateral institutions,
nongovernmental organizations, businesses, and affected communities,
international targets for the reduction of poverty; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H20569125699D4BADBE1E912F84B33BA8"><enum>(2)</enum><text>prevent, prepare
for, mitigate, and respond to humanitarian crises wherever such crises may
occur.</text>
</paragraph></section><section display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H07AE65CDA7BF4D0DA6F42E1A697F7648"><enum>1003.</enum><header>Encouragement
of United States private and voluntary cooperation</header>
<subsection id="H8CD1260B72484F1CBFEBA87D1D8BC91E"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Findings</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Congress finds the following:</text>
<paragraph id="HE96AE2B554C944CCBABC58B3598D484B"><enum>(1)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The sustained participation of United
States private and voluntary organizations, community and faith-based
organizations, charitable foundations, labor unions, cooperatives, and credit
unions in international development and humanitarian relief, rehabilitation,
and reconstruction significantly reduces poverty and alleviates human suffering
through—</text>
<subparagraph id="H2006428F998248B998BAAD81B4F26D25"><enum>(A)</enum><text>application of
accumulated expertise in the discipline of development;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H622F09F5270D4F559476FF8BFE3C6443"><enum>(B)</enum><text>provision of
social services in underserved communities;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HAC5ADC8C16BC45E2A2B8D27D68D7F57A"><enum>(C)</enum><text>building the
capacity of local organizations to operate with maximum effectiveness, thereby
strengthening civil society and advancing self-reliance;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HD6176C24501B410A9FF1F3357BAFB099"><enum>(D)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">establishing long-term partnerships with
and between local communities, civil society organizations and governments of
developing countries at all levels, thus helping to strengthen accountability,
reduce corruption, build capable institutions, and sustain progress;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H91EFD6E7EEFE41B49AFE891748B72E99"><enum>(E)</enum><text>empowering
marginalized groups through access to information and a leadership role in
decisionmaking processes; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H86348D77F1D34CB8AAFD1851BF2432BE"><enum>(F)</enum><text>serving as a voice
for the poor and bringing best practices and lessons learned to bear on
policymaking processes in the United States and worldwide.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H754190322AAE4F288CCDE9837AA3F98D"><enum>(2)</enum><text>Such
organizations, foundations, unions, and cooperatives, by mobilizing private
United States financial and human resources, reflect the values and goodwill of
the people of the United States and embody the American spirit of
self-help.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H0CA4C700E12743238D4FA63D26B966A4"><enum>(3)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Advocacy groups and organizations that
represent American political, legal, academic and business life have developed
long-standing relationships with their overseas counterparts, helping to build
people-to-people networks that strengthen civil society, protect human rights,
support democratic institutions and foster a policy environment conducive to
economic development.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H14C1EC377A274C158FDAF0A3DA94DF4D"><enum>(4)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Similarly, the sustained participation of
United States educational and research institutions in building the scientific,
educational, and service capacities of developing countries is vital to the
economic and social development of those countries, and at the same time
strengthens the faculty and programs available to United States
students.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HD573AB92878649D0B1D25C6D6D7CE8F4"><enum>(5)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Because of their ability to attract and
leverage private contributions, the entities described in paragraphs (1)
through (4) are extremely cost-effective partners for providing foreign
assistance.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="H624C1951E9534A47A8F6E4F00E61D324"><enum>(6)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Because such entities, often using their
own resources, develop and maintain long-term and independent relationships
with their counterparts in foreign countries, they provide great expertise in
program implementation, an important source of knowledge about local needs,
attitudes, customs, and conditions, and a critical means for building trust and
goodwill with local communities.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H9B44F9C3E6C3465B940500B1075414FF"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Statement of
policy</header><text>It is the policy of the United States to—</text>
<paragraph id="H816440FC4FF845CEAF0DE653C1ED00A4"><enum>(1)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">encourage and facilitate, as appropriate,
international activities of United States private and voluntary organizations,
community and faith-based organizations, charitable foundations, labor unions,
cooperatives, credit unions, and educational and research institutions in
furtherance of the goals of this title;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HE240C3AB1F9C4FB6B9F9BF76C9C9F2A8"><enum>(2)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">co-design, co-fund, and co-manage projects
and strategies with such entities to meet jointly agreed development
objectives;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H00C4675AFBB2404EB025C3374D7F7C72"><enum>(3)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">strengthen the capacity of such entities,
without compromising their private and independent nature, to undertake
effective international assistance efforts; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HAD489D4E6E3946B5BE6F69AFEF0F8EE1"><enum>(4)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">streamline and simplify the process by
which such entities may compete for resources made available under this
title.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section id="H50A16880AD9B476AB7EBCAF78FD8175D"><enum>1004.</enum><header>Encouragement
of United States business participation</header>
<subsection id="H6C18A874A79647E5BB9365EAD8DE7A59"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Findings</header><text>Congress
finds the following:</text>
<paragraph id="H686F3E6C2243409FA22F4840767928BA"><enum>(1)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">United States businesses, including
international development firms, are significant contributors to humanitarian
relief and broad-based economic growth in developing countries, through—</text>
<subparagraph id="HD22827D1D2344B6A80AFDBBA6EEF7336"><enum>(A)</enum><text>the donation of
financial resources, technology, goods, and services;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HBF3BFC66849D4147A95D98543D56147B"><enum>(B)</enum><text>the sharing of
training, technical, managerial, and business skills;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H39DD3B910CD64EA890800BD72C22F3AA"><enum>(C)</enum><text>the investment of
capital and the development of trade relationships;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HBA163DD66DBC4E58917F8879B7767F06"><enum>(D)</enum><text>the establishment
and maintenance of partnerships with the governments of developing countries,
local communities, and civil society organizations;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H59C3B93283554521A4FBC7B50EE11526"><enum>(E)</enum><text>partnering with
local businesses and entrepreneurs;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HECCB171955D94AD9A7073AB40E7C3C42"><enum>(F)</enum><text>the expansion of
job opportunities in impoverished communities; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H09FC9BDBD8784E90939FF02CE62C0474"><enum>(G)</enum><text>the encouragement
of private sector development and of the legal and institutional framework to
support such development.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="HBB0C857FEE7D4008B7C0508B69F2CFC8"><enum>(2)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Such businesses are often staffed by
individuals with a strong commitment to and knowledge of developing countries,
many of whom have served overseas, and who bring American values, know-how, and
spirit of innovation.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H21EF08DEEF4246CF8970166961783426"><enum>(3)</enum><text>While some United
States businesses have a long history of engagement with international
development, bringing extensive experience, strong local ties and a proven
track record of achievement, many others seek to establish first-time
partnerships and new joint ventures.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HB482ECF0383B4954A1E4DFDFF9B71AAF"><enum>(4)</enum><text>By leveraging
contributions of United States businesses and facilitating public-private
partnerships, the United States Government can maximize the impact of its
efforts to improve social and economic conditions in developing
countries.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HF7D1AA26E22643C9AB65EA31C7962D3B"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Statement of
policy</header><text>It is the policy of the United States to—</text>
<paragraph id="H2228BC97AEFD49E68EF97161747B425E"><enum>(1)</enum><text>encourage and
facilitate, to the maximum extent practicable, participation by United States
businesses in achieving the purposes of this title;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H436072438C024829B59A0C5307796C30"><enum>(2)</enum><text>promote awareness
by United States businesses, including small businesses, of opportunities to
promote economic growth and expand markets in developing countries;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H95C9572F786B4324B56470AB050BC433"><enum>(3)</enum><text>facilitate
partnerships between United States business and international and local
nongovernmental organizations, including private and voluntary organizations,
community and faith-based organizations, charitable foundations, labor unions,
cooperatives, credit unions, and educational and research institutions, to
reduce poverty and alleviate human suffering;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HD9520201169549AF8C106E0173E2E8BB"><enum>(4)</enum><text>build strategic
alliances with United States businesses, drawing on their unique assets and
experience, to solve complex problems in developing countries; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HD36520E5132A4374A959BCAE208E37CD"><enum>(5)</enum><text>co-design,
co-fund, and co-manage projects and strategies with United States business
partners to meet jointly agreed development objectives.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section id="HB4673532B89F4D858BF36F2CC61E68AB"><enum>1005.</enum><header>Development
partnerships fellows program</header>
<subsection id="H823B973D9BDD44A1BA518EAA2415ED72"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>The Administrator is authorized and encouraged to
establish a program of exchanges to strengthen individual and institutional
capacity, share knowledge and best practices, build partnering skills and
develop networks through professional exchanges between the Agency and the
private sector, including businesses and nonprofit institutions.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HB6FD9E2C567B408398945A76737471B0"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Strategic
focus</header><text>The exchanges authorized under subsection (a) should be
designed to fill gaps and build capacity in areas of critical need, as
determined by the Administrator and the private sector entity.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H627FA5045ABF461294080A049C64BE1C"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Competitive
awards</header><text>The process for selecting individuals for the exchanges
authorized under subsection (a) should be open and competitive, while offering
opportunities to individuals with varying levels of professional
experience.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HD0173A2ACD954E668C6D6446AB5A649C"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Status of
employment</header><text>Notwithstanding any other provision of law, during the
period of exchange—</text>
<paragraph id="H43834AD2C79B45E6A7E36DF6A691475A"><enum>(1)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">each participating individual (hereinafter
referred to as a <quote>Fellow</quote>) shall continue to receive his or her
salary, benefits, and rights of employment from the Agency or private sector
entity, as the case may be; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H7201A8D8F05441CA9985AF9D7AC87F97"><enum>(2)</enum><text>in the case of a
Fellow who is an employee of a private sector entity and is working at the
Agency, the Fellow shall not be considered to be a Federal employee of the
Agency, except for purposes of obtaining necessary access to buildings, office
supplies, equipment and facilities.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HB55DE6DD7E804B73B007779B95307EB0"><enum>(e)</enum><header>Parity in
exchange</header><text>The Administrator shall ensure that the total number of
Fellows who are employees of the Agency and are working at private sector
entities is substantially equivalent to the total number of Fellows who are
employees of private sector entities and are working at the Agency.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HEB49B39763164713B2AE7EB2B5663A2B"><enum>(f)</enum><header>Other costs and
expenses</header><text>The Administrator shall prescribe policies and
procedures regarding costs and expenses for Fellows other than policies and
procedures regarding salaries and benefits.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H780053226F61421D98E521AEA58E12CF"><enum>(g)</enum><header>Term of
service</header><text>The Administrator shall determine appropriate lengths of
service for Fellows, except that such service may not exceed a period of 2
years.</text>
</subsection></section><subtitle id="H8342C0BE86E94A07B54A9F21A7B50F25"><enum>A</enum><header>Reducing global
poverty</header>
<section id="HD9BD4CD21CC24E83A739FEFFBBE8B3B2"><enum>1011.</enum><header>Findings</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">Congress finds the following:</text>
<paragraph id="HFCCA0A09AEF344068DE239B66439A61C"><enum>(1)</enum><text>The goal of
international development is to improve the quality of life for all people
while preserving that opportunity for future generations.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H6FFC86AD8E5B488DB40F83437926C00D"><enum>(2)</enum><text>Successful
economic development includes the eradication of extreme poverty and its worst
physical manifestations.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H19640EA222AF4C48B8CBD89C6EA03F5D"><enum>(3)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Abuses of power, failure to respect human
rights, exclusion of and discrimination against societal groups, and unchecked
violence, particularly against women and girls, are impediments to economic
development.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H3FBB895514644C87B8832EE436D30B82"><enum>(4)</enum><text>While each country
must marshal its own economic and human resources in order to build and
maintain the political, social, and economic institutions necessary to reduce
poverty and improve the quality of life for its people, the magnitude of the
need far exceeds the resources of most developing countries.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HB2812E6C98D64D1BB92C6D5C9FBD44AB"><enum>(5)</enum><text>The United States
has acknowledged a collective responsibility for, as well as a national
interest in, the reduction of global poverty through the promotion of long-term
development that is participatory, equitable, self-reliant, and environmentally
sustainable.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HB59C341EF63C4734BA883922DD8A006A"><enum>(6)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">A human rights-based approach that focuses
on empowering women and girls has been shown to maximize development
outcomes.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HE17C38614D32406384D2CBC0B918B34E"><enum>(7)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Development is a long-term process that
requires sustained attention and resources. Foreign assistance to achieve
short-term political objectives or meet emergency humanitarian needs should not
come at the expense of efforts to address the root causes of poverty and human
suffering.</text>
</paragraph></section><section id="H74CFC11A73FE4BB4AA031E1472B7A5F3"><enum>1012.</enum><header>Statement of
policy</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">It is the policy of the
United States to reduce global poverty by helping poor people in developing
countries to participate in a process of self-sustaining, equitable, and
environmentally sound economic growth through productive work and to influence
decisions that shape their lives, with the goal of increasing their incomes and
their access to public services that will enable them to satisfy their basic
needs, exercise their rights, and lead lives of decency, dignity, and
hope.</text>
</section><section id="HEF2B53554007412BA8523EC625988174"><enum>1013.</enum><header>Principles of
assistance</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">In order to
maximize the reduction of global poverty, assistance under this subtitle should
be carried out in accordance with the following principles:</text>
<paragraph id="H08E2255E7C664F68882FA63377134D79"><enum>(1)</enum><text>Development is
primarily the responsibility of the people of developing countries themselves.
Assistance should be used in support of, rather than substitution for, the
self-help efforts that are essential to successful economic development.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H3379C20242BD4AF8B5A89F672CF5A26B"><enum>(2)</enum><text>Assistance should
be demand-driven and designed to support partner country ownership by
respecting the development goals chosen through an open and inclusive process
in the partner country.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H94A3C9C3E015409ABB965F2B6602A207"><enum>(3)</enum><text>The United States
Government should work to broaden country-level policy dialogue on development
by promoting an open and inclusive process for choosing development goals, and
by increasing the capacity of all stakeholders to participate meaningfully in
that process.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H10E17FFAB123430FA8E6D324A4495F35"><enum>(4)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Persons affected by conflict or
disaster—including refugees, stateless persons, and internally displaced
persons, particularly those in protracted situations—are among the world’s most
vulnerable to poverty, exclusion, exploitation and other abuses. Although they
have tremendous potential to contribute to the growth and development of the
communities and countries where they reside, these populations often lack
access to development resources and programs. Such populations, as well as
other marginalized groups, must be explicitly included in country development
programs and national development strategies.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H79CA2A754FFC46609C43AAC6136327BB"><enum>(5)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Assistance should be concentrated in
countries that have the greatest need for outside assistance and that will make
the most effective use of such assistance in achieving the purposes of this
subtitle.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HC0A8F7E75C6C44C4917292F9657352DA"><enum>(6)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Program selection and design should be
linked to results, by using performance frameworks and indicators that are
included in or consistent with a developing country’s national development
strategy, where possible, and by strengthening the country’s capacity and
demand for results-based management.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HC2F1FBB853A7427E875C66BABBD823F6"><enum>(7)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">When partner country systems are
transparent, accountable and effective, the United States Government should use
such systems for delivering assistance. Where use of such systems is not
feasible, the United States should establish additional safeguards and measures
in ways that strengthen rather than undermine country systems.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H7ED4F85A25AC4D408EC722C24F9805E5"><enum>(8)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Even in countries where there is a strong
and capable state, civil society should be included in the planning, design,
management, delivery, monitoring and evaluation of foreign assistance.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H88EB1122EF044CA2BB728483446843BE"><enum>(9)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Assistance should focus on building the
self-sufficiency of developing countries by upgrading human, technical, and
institutional capacity, both inside and outside government, to effectively
plan, manage, implement, monitor, and evaluate budgets, policies, and programs
in a transparent and accountable manner that supports development
objectives.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H9BE4CBF3F2E64098B7BC1A8EAAE5BB77"><enum>(10)</enum><text>The United States
Government should take all appropriate steps to harmonize its planning,
funding, conditionality, disbursement, monitoring, evaluation, and reporting
with governments of developing countries and with other donors, including
multilateral institutions, in order to simplify and reduce the administrative
burdens, achieve a more effective division of labor that builds on donors’
comparative advantages, and improve accountability for results.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H651B413253FF45DDA8A710A2EBEDFB67"><enum>(11)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">In consultation with Congress and in
conjunction with the Interagency Policy Committee on Global Development
established under section 1020, the Administrator should engage in strategic
and budgetary planning over a 3- to 5-year period that will enable the
disbursement of assistance in a more timely and predictable manner.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H0FF8C5A4D8B84E8F8CB277804F6EB9FC"><enum>(12)</enum><text>Personnel and
management systems of the Agency should incorporate incentives for innovation
and experimentation, with tolerance of reasonable risk-taking and training on
risk-management.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HFB1106AB74B448B3A117CEBE5269FF1B"><enum>(13)</enum><text>Poverty reduction
efforts should promote a policy environment and legal framework that is
conducive to broad-based and sustainable economic growth, including—</text>
<subparagraph id="H19C14D53BD7C4213A2EC34515E17DFD4"><enum>(A)</enum><text>respect for the
rule of law;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HB4D093600AA147189C1029347FEF5882"><enum>(B)</enum><text>fair, accessible,
and timely administration of justice;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HC5B35792E0384061A59B796E96765BD6"><enum>(C)</enum><text>representative and
accountable institutions of governance;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H7928AC37A465475AA25BDF8853E740FF"><enum>(D)</enum><text>protection of
human rights and fundamental freedoms;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H2949B265CE8A4DC1A3C009E9C713E8CA"><enum>(E)</enum><text>mechanisms of
accountability and transparency;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H889A4454A33E46E2A2D0F0FDC947DBD5"><enum>(F)</enum><text>security of
person, property and investments;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H0B51C06E9BD24CB9ADF07723965650CB"><enum>(G)</enum><text>enforcement of
contracts and intellectual property rights;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H48E6B1C1BE204CC8AA72B2A0B7CFD771"><enum>(H)</enum><text>encouragement of
private enterprise, free markets and labor rights; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H3D1FF1E7D7464E81978D7F1089B67A41"><enum>(I)</enum><text>a vibrant and
informed civil society.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="HEB77BDBB0ABC456889C1649FC15BC51C"><enum>(14)</enum><text>An effective
United States strategy to promote global poverty reduction and contribute to
broad-based, sustainable economic growth must incorporate all United States
policies having an impact on development, which include foreign assistance,
debt relief, trade, agriculture, migration and remittances, environmental
protection, technology transfer, and arms sales.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H486760DD7F074E10BAAFE5A9A015CC76"><enum>(15)</enum><text>Assistance should
be provided in a manner that is flexible enough to adapt to the unique needs
and capabilities of specific developing countries and changing situations on
the ground, while remaining transparent and predictable enough to allow
developing countries and other partners to plan and budget efficiently.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H07C854E8CC19446C9A77F249AA2BC610"><enum>(16)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Assistance should give priority to
undertakings that will directly improve the lives of the poorest, most
vulnerable and marginalized groups, and strengthen their capacity to
participate in the political, economic, and social development of their
countries.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H4D3BCF6AB8AA453780BCD62AA1307E18"><enum>(17)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Investments in research, the fostering of
innovation and the application of technology are essential to expanding the
impact and effectiveness of development policies and programs. To ensure that
such research, innovation and technology are appropriately harnessed,
development assistance policies and programs should promote data collection and
rigorous analysis, evidence-based decisionmaking, a culture of learning, a
mechanism for scaling up successful methods and activities, and a process for
sharing best practices.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HC55F80F462D14CD8B767CBEDA18EEDE6"><enum>(18)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Gender equality is a matter of fundamental
human rights, as well as being essential to the reduction of poverty and to the
health, education and well-being of families and communities. Assistance should
encourage and promote the full participation of women and girls in the
decisions that affect their lives, elevate the role of women in their
societies, ensure that women are fully integrated into United States policies
and programs, afford women opportunities to support themselves and their
families, equip and empower women to serve as leaders and as agents of
transformation, and protect women and girls against discrimination and
violence.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H569D52D5CC784F76A03B8FF525D8C028"><enum>(19)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Assistance should promote the wise and
efficient use of natural resources to ensure stable economic growth and a
healthy environment in which to live, learn, and work.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H4662834AC58345F3A3BFC0FA677602BA"><enum>(20)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Policies and programs carried out under
this subtitle should promote, protect, and ensure the full and equal enjoyment
of all human rights and fundamental freedoms by all persons with disabilities,
respect their inherent dignity, and encourage their full and effective
participation in society on an equal basis with others.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H40528E7505F34686A66B1CD8B9F9D28B"><enum>(21)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">International and United Nations-affiliated
agencies and multilateral development institutions are essential components of
United States poverty reduction efforts. The United States Government should
recognize the comparative advantages of such institutions, particularly with
respect to investments in capital-intensive projects and in countries and
regions where the United States does not have a large physical presence, while
supporting reforms to make such institutions more accountable, responsive, and
representative. In addition to direct financial contributions, the United
States Government should provide technical and logistical assistance to such
institutions as appropriate.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H45AE670571394F79AA1E81DE0A28700B"><enum>(22)</enum><text>Private
investment and philanthropy and individual remittances are increasingly
important sources of development resources. The United States Government should
help to link the United States private sector with appropriate local partners,
to encourage private investment in economic and social development programs to
which the United States lends support, and to ensure complementarity between
public and private development efforts.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H3C28EEA21B3A4B888DE74719E102F3B3"><enum>(23)</enum><text>Assistance should
be planned and utilized to encourage regional cooperation among developing
countries in the solution of common problems and the development of shared
resources.</text>
</paragraph></section><section id="HB60AA64F5F584533B0795CFA45828A0E"><enum>1014.</enum><header>Goals of
assistance</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">In order to reduce
poverty in developing countries, assistance under this subtitle shall be
designed to further the following goals:</text>
<paragraph id="HBE174E7219AB474E9380E95005B6DE67"><enum>(1)</enum><text>Accelerating
economic growth.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H4FCA6DEABB3E429D9876FEA5379F05C5"><enum>(2)</enum><text>Promoting food
security.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HF3FB7C14A5C94A18B1F21094761B4A29"><enum>(3)</enum><text>Advancing
health.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HFB726CCD4A2C4249AE2C49729E61DBE8"><enum>(4)</enum><text>Expanding quality
education.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H0791FA1405FA41F684EB795950CC6B5E"><enum>(5)</enum><text>Protecting and
restoring the natural environment.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HE2E02FEABD794610BB23E73348285232"><enum>(6)</enum><text>Improving access
to safe water, sanitation, and housing.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H032AB19666644B008BCEC8D880165113"><enum>(7)</enum><text>Fostering gender
equality.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HC53FFA58AC5940E78688E8D5798BD6AE"><enum>(8)</enum><text>Strengthening
democratic governance.</text>
</paragraph></section><section commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HBDA2059E32BC41F1B5707B0CC40D2F14"><enum>1015.</enum><header>Development
Support Funds</header>
<subsection commented="no" id="HE6C47C7658294B0AB1B409630CDB762B"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Authorization of
assistance</header>
<paragraph id="H540EC0CEC0034016B5CAD204ED6F8B36"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The Administrator is
authorized to provide assistance, on such terms and conditions as the
Administrator may determine, to developing countries, in accordance with the
policy described in section 1012 and the principles described in section 1013,
to further the goals described in section 1014.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H84EBDDE428D94C8381DD986B42FD4533"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Country
strategies</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The annual
congressional budget justification submitted under section 9302 shall specify
the amount of funds to be made available to prepare and carry out Country
Development Cooperation Strategies under section 1018.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H715E40EC04D84C389EAB50C4FB91E7A0"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Availability</header><text>Funds
made available under this section for a fiscal year are authorized to remain
available until expended.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="H0CF0F3E45DF14375A78B5653748A23B4"><enum>(4)</enum><header>Designation of
funds</header><text>Assistance authorized under this subsection shall be known
as <quote>Development Support Funds</quote>.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection commented="no" id="H3D73BD9BF27E42A3A251837894D08B3F"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Sustainability
and local procurement</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">In
providing assistance authorized under subsection (a), the Administrator—</text>
<paragraph id="HB29A9CBDB0114A9F9AEADC3E02481DAE"><enum>(1)</enum><text>shall, to the
maximum extent feasible, emphasize the development of local capacity and the
establishment of sustainable institutions in the partner country; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H097039FC478B4932B58215A81FE0DFEE"><enum>(2)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">should, to the extent feasible and if
cost-effective, procure required goods and services in the partner country, or,
if local procurement is not feasible or cost-effective, in another developing
country in the same region.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H39657F42D39843FDA0E4F1D5E5541426"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Factors</header><text>In
determining the amount of assistance to be provided for each country the
Administrator shall take into account the following factors:</text>
<paragraph id="HC99F517D9ABB483E883E366E3E6C0C44"><enum>(1)</enum><text>The absolute
number and proportion of people in such country living in poverty.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HB08877CB0AE74EE791AEECB8A11243EE"><enum>(2)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The country’s ranking on the Human
Development Index or other similar measures of living standards and overall
well-being.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H04D2AF4328FD4393B7B0CA3AA475558F"><enum>(3)</enum><text>The country’s per
capita income.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H568D37CCD6A544A7BC0508B1189B03A1"><enum>(4)</enum><text>The availability
of domestic resources for development within such country.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H1914F19866F74C55A76AC2BD31D7D32E"><enum>(5)</enum><text>The availability
of resources from other donors and investors in such country.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HEDFAA0D51805412A9691B111A4C36E05"><enum>(6)</enum><text>The extent to
which there is a political, social, and economic environment in such country
that will enable funds to be used effectively and accountably to achieve
lasting results.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HEB102295FE8043D9827C8EB1C18AC14F"><enum>(7)</enum><text>The performance
record of the country in reducing poverty and responsibly using foreign
assistance, if any, in the previous three to five-year period.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H54BC778510A3406DBE6030E5C7284612"><enum>(8)</enum><text>The country’s
demonstrated commitment to its own development, including investments in its
people.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H11461ABAB3E340CFA56C020321692ECD"><enum>(9)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Any other factors that the Administrator
determines to be appropriate.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H78A803A97D4741C9BE676ADE6BA2E569"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Criteria and
methodology</header>
<paragraph id="H7CA8EC5298604551B7E35B09A85B86F0"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Establishment</header><text>The
Administrator shall establish the criteria and methodology for determining the
amount of assistance to be provided for each country under subsection (a). Such
criteria and methodology shall—</text>
<subparagraph id="H68BFE30681064A59A328F4B82C48666D"><enum>(A)</enum><text>be based on the
factors listed in subsection (c);</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H0A0EE1D3144C4566B26AE21AEA5E577A"><enum>(B)</enum><text>use, to the
maximum extent possible, objective and quantifiable indicators; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H28AEF48A95AC41B48D50B37174A4CD72"><enum>(C)</enum><text>ensure that an
appropriate proportion of funds are made available for each geographic region
of the world.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H5D417A6D8A544EBEAA78C3847CAC1A9F"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Congressional
consultation</header><text>The Administrator shall consult with the appropriate
congressional committees on the criteria and methodology, including indicators,
established pursuant to paragraph (1).</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H091FCEE199E54BC397CDB3D0FBAE7CF7"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Public
availability</header><text>The criteria and methodology, including indicators,
established pursuant to paragraph (1) shall be made publicly available on the
Internet website of the Agency.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H7A185DF2128043D9B962FBBCB4235D51"><enum>(4)</enum><header>Annual budget
submission</header><text>For each fiscal year, the Administrator shall include
in the congressional budget justification submitted under section 9302 the
rankings of each country according to the criteria and methodology established
pursuant to paragraph (1).</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection commented="no" id="HCF6890644D8F42669C5BFEA91AEF2884"><enum>(e)</enum><header>Full funding of
projects and activities</header>
<paragraph commented="no" id="HB370CE1215684D01B03F7EC433B9B150"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>Subject to paragraph (2), funds may be obligated to carry
out a Country Development Cooperation Strategy under section 1018 or a sector
strategy for development transmitted under section 1019 only pursuant to an
agreement for a project or activity that constitutes an obligation of the full
estimated amount of foreign assistance for the life of such project or
activity.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="H4883EF1CF5154FEE93108FB3479048CD"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Rules of
construction</header><text>For purposes of this section—</text>
<subparagraph commented="no" id="H795D5700C167498699E3162546BE103A"><enum>(A)</enum><text>an obligation
includes any sub-obligation of funds initially obligated under a Strategic
Objective Agreement or other similar agreement;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" id="HD1BFFAAD05D7409A9938832725A4F06C"><enum>(B)</enum><text>an agreement
includes any grant, cooperative agreement, or contract entered into by the
United States Government or a partner country with funds made available to
carry out this subtitle; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" id="H9332AEB5A1F747ECACFB00664B22FA27"><enum>(C)</enum><text>funds, in addition
to those obligated pursuant to subsection (a), may be obligated for a project
or activity if the Administrator determines, on a case-by-case basis, and
reports such determination to the appropriate congressional committees, that an
additional obligation of funds is necessary in order to enable the
Administrator to meet development objectives that could otherwise not be met
absent such additional obligation.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="HA41AF466229B408B9259380C151A3510"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Outlays and
expenditures</header><text>The requirement in paragraph (1) shall not be
construed to require outlays or expenditures for a project or activity which
does not meet all applicable conditions relating to performance,
accountability, and eligibility.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H3E629DCB5DB64468A8E4EE909551C7A2"><enum>1016.</enum><header>Innovation
Fund</header>
<subsection id="HBA24D586166F451B9BB56EDFD82BC745"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Establishment</header><text>The
Administrator is authorized to establish a fund to support innovative projects
and evidence-based solutions that may be tested, replicated, and scaled up in
partner countries to significantly improve development outcomes.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HFB9862E2571A4E24B0F44AB1BA2A080B"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Funding</header><text>The
Administrator is authorized—</text>
<paragraph id="H4901221C8C5E4A4BBC36C962E0BDC5A1"><enum>(1)</enum><text>to transfer to the
fund up to $50,000,000 of amounts made available for a fiscal year under
section 1015, which may be used notwithstanding any other provision of law;
and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H13CA2CF022FC432DAD0CFBD9C6C92A19"><enum>(2)</enum><text>to accept
contributions to the fund from foundations, corporations, and educational and
nongovernmental organizations.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H24EDB4F72FCA4323A8287819908A71AD"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Documentation</header><text>A
detailed description of all obligations and expenditures from the fund shall be
made publicly available on the Internet website of the Agency, including a
description of amounts, beneficiaries, locations, and intended purposes, at the
time the obligation or expenditure is made.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HB62DD27D86CB489DAE61508218C324BA"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Lessons
learned</header><text>Each project supported by the fund shall be independently
evaluated, and the results and lessons learned shall be made publicly available
on the Internet website of the Agency.</text>
</subsection></section><section display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H3ABA3DDC0E3F4A708C46651301518DBB"><enum>1017.</enum><header>United States
Strategy for Global Development</header>
<subsection id="H43763F79F78549E6A53FD0EC8CFBB456"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Under the direction
of the President, and consistent with the results of the Quadrennial Diplomacy,
Development, and Security Review, the Interagency Policy Committee on Global
Development established under section 1020 shall prepare on a quadrennial basis
a comprehensive strategy to further the United States foreign policy objective
of promoting global development. Such strategy shall be known as the
<quote>United States Strategy for Global Development</quote>.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HB80F5A278A3940F29D504EBC195ED078"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Elements</header><text>The
strategy required under subsection (a) shall—</text>
<paragraph id="HB4533DEC58934093907881072D8F8CF8"><enum>(1)</enum><text>establish clear
and specific goals and objectives for United States policies and programs to
advance global development that are consistent with the principles of section
1013, internationally agreed development goals, and developing country
priorities;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H6A24A661DC2349B8BA6887D94B592056"><enum>(2)</enum><text>explain how such
goals and objectives are informed by and will be coordinated with
internationally agreed goals, developing country strategies, and the programs
of other bilateral and multilateral donors;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H21854E05B50440C1833B43A013B08FC4"><enum>(3)</enum><text>identify major
policy changes and key priorities for assistance that will be necessary to
achieve such goals and objectives;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H985D10C9E98D45F8BD9CE9E8D8F690F8"><enum>(4)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">provide evidence and data to support the
proposed strategy and demonstrate how it would improve development
effectiveness;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HCE537D3F99814C2DB67FA7E8455FDF9B"><enum>(5)</enum><text>define the
respective roles of each Federal agency in carrying out the strategy;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HE87DCB8E93254A64A45E14BF5173EB9D"><enum>(6)</enum><text>outline a process
to enhance coordination among each such agency to ensure policy and program
coherence;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H30F61646FC804979BF5E87A5670966C4"><enum>(7)</enum><text>review and improve
mechanisms for consulting with other development stakeholders;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H96AF29A747AC4CBEBA53C1031B6A49AA"><enum>(8)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">describe how crosscutting themes such as
gender equality, human rights, environment, and conflict prevention will be
integrated throughout the strategy;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H0FF6B0D2373A40BEB367BCD0BF671A75"><enum>(9)</enum><text>recommend
mechanisms to ensure that the strategy can be adjusted to respond to new
information and changing situations on the ground and to reflect best practices
and lessons learned;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HCAA0616368E541B6A086CD8090DAE087"><enum>(10)</enum><text>estimate the
requirements for human and financial resources and overseas infrastructure to
carry out the strategy over the subsequent 4-year period; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H439FBEEC53E541F6B201DB00195A4183"><enum>(11)</enum><text>include a plan,
budget, and timetable for implementing the strategy, including any legislative
requests and Executive orders to be issued.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HE0AAEC313023466F97BE070A06F7D7F7"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Consultation</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">In preparing the strategy required under
subsection (a), the Interagency Policy Committee on Global Development
established under section 1020 shall consult with the appropriate congressional
committees and relevant stakeholders.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HBBA063D01B114C088768289AA83139E9"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Transmission to
congress</header>
<paragraph id="H8BF41ABA81C140EABF4F3C0445DFE547"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>Not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment
of this Act and every four years thereafter, the President shall transmit to
the appropriate congressional committees a copy of the strategy required under
subsection (a).</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HAA33A071D9804E8A9FCFC20C587A8866"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Availability to
public</header><text>The strategy transmitted under paragraph (1) shall be
published on the Internet at the time of transmission to the appropriate
congressional committees.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HDCF7CA589FB1447B8278BBDF26080430"><enum>1018.</enum><header>Country
Development Cooperation Strategies</header>
<subsection id="HEBD79A5901D14DD981762AE3C763BD69"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Every 3 to 5 years,
the Mission Director of the Agency in each country described in subsection (b)
shall prepare a strategy for United States policies and programs relating to
development in such country. Such strategy shall be known as the <quote>Country
Development Cooperation Strategy</quote>.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H20CAAD513CB5427BBCA118DDE8EDE64C"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Country
described</header><text>A country described in this subsection is a country in
which—</text>
<paragraph id="HCC37E75F4B16476C91E609733AF9AB6A"><enum>(1)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">there is a full Agency mission; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H97F888F691A047258F2E01A3F2C4C658"><enum>(2)</enum><text>significant
violent conflict is neither ongoing nor likely.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H6C02AAA64E6A40F185780A3B645EDF36"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Elements</header><text>Each
strategy required under subsection (a) shall be consistent with the principles
of section 1013 and shall contain the following elements:</text>
<paragraph id="HFFFF642DE4F8453B8BCFE5E6AC70D20F"><enum>(1)</enum><text>An overview of the
country’s own development strategy and national sectoral plans, as reflected in
its Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper or other official documents.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H2F72A9F4F3C54D86AD7D616064FE4AEA"><enum>(2)</enum><text>An analysis of the
process by which the country established its development strategy, including
the extent to which the strategy reflects the input of marginalized groups and
affected communities.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H6D4F82FA617849A0A80EFA8B41992D94"><enum>(3)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">An assessment of current gaps between
relief and development programming, the country’s vulnerability to a natural or
human-caused disaster and to the outbreak of violent conflict, and the steps
being taken to close current programming gaps and to prevent, prepare for, or
mitigate such a disaster or conflict.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H4041700346604725BA81B08CFF0B595E"><enum>(4)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">An assessment of the country’s
vulnerability to climate change, and the special challenges such change is
likely to pose.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H8ED7E274FCC843ECB665DA18FA298FB9"><enum>(5)</enum><text>An assessment of
the progress the country has made toward meeting its development goals and of
the results of foreign assistance in the previous 3 to 5 years.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H1DCFFEEFC12647A08C969DA7B474F374"><enum>(6)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">An analysis of the major obstacles and
challenges to achievement of the country’s development strategy, or in cases in
which there is no strategy or the strategy is deeply flawed, the obstacles and
challenges to achievement of internationally agreed development goals in the
country.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H0D3DFDEBFB88402686EC926D652EC41F"><enum>(7)</enum><text>A
description of the specific ways in which the United States can most
effectively invest in the country’s development, including a review of the
roles of the various donors and the areas of United States comparative
advantage.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H4802A03FC91C43888798DDF22D7B1CDB"><enum>(8)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">A description of the roles of each
participating Federal agency in carrying out the strategy.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H82C1899BFBED43738684504B8C7CF405"><enum>(9)</enum><text>A
description of the consultative mechanisms used in developing the strategy and
the stakeholders consulted.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H812D23BA113D45C6B63AB38EDCECEFC8"><enum>(10)</enum><text>A description of
the mechanisms by which United States Government policies and programs relating
to development will be harmonized with the country’s development strategy and
assistance from other donors.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H38ADFD952904460FAA49929477057E72"><enum>(11)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">A description of the linkages between the
strategy and relevant sector strategies for development, including any
assistance to be provided for the country pursuant to a sector strategy.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H0C38895A892E44439A58C2D63CE1E1F2"><enum>(12)</enum><text>An evaluation of
the risks and tradeoffs contained in the approach recommended in the
strategy.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HD0D6AFA3137D424AA27E4DFC3DB27FCC"><enum>(13)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Specific, measurable goals and objectives
for development assistance to the country over the next 3 to 5 years, including
a list of indicators to be used in assessing impact, which to the maximum
extent practicable shall reflect the country’s development strategy, shall be
gender-disaggregated, and shall emphasize the reduction of extreme
poverty.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H317D9A70CDF5480DBCB6D5C210A78E72"><enum>(14)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The total amount of development assistance
requested for the country over the period of the strategy, and the estimated
amount that would be devoted to each goal and objective for such
assistance.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HBFAB8198465943C68A0A30AEE860A34D"><enum>(15)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">A description of the types of projects and
activities to be supported in pursuit of each goal and objective for such
assistance.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H925E90AA8E844F22AD92DBC8538730AF"><enum>(16)</enum><text>A description of
the likely types of partners for each type of project or activity, which to the
maximum extent practicable shall utilize and strengthen local procurement and
delivery systems.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HEDD759F1CA8C4212B538B21A7F2F067E"><enum>(17)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">A description of the personnel resources
needed to implement the strategy, and any bureaucratic, logistical, or
infrastructural impediments to deploying such resources.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H9E19167343BB42ABBD0E894513D7FFAF"><enum>(18)</enum><text>A description of
how development assistance will build local capacity, strengthen country
ownership, improve country systems, advance democratic governance, and reflect
country priorities.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H4FBA04F6940F4689A398AE307D17CA68"><enum>(19)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">A plan and budget for monitoring the
performance and evaluating the impact of development assistance, which to the
maximum extent practicable shall utilize and strengthen local monitoring and
evaluation systems, and shall include data on a sex-disaggregated basis.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HAC04457648EC463C8A6FB1005BAA3C00"><enum>(20)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">A description of how development assistance
will help to promote regional cooperation and integration.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H1008BAA960EC49EB8571B5DD5901DEB5"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Consultation</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">In preparing the strategy required under
subsection (a), the Mission Director shall consult with a wide range of
relevant stakeholders to ensure that the strategy is appropriate to local needs
and conditions and incorporates the views of the partner country.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H5ED8CAF53E664A7E9BF0C1EF104186CF"><enum>(e)</enum><header>Review and
coordination</header>
<paragraph id="HB3969CFE9B4741C58AA2E9457A23BE23"><enum>(1)</enum><header>By
Administrator</header><text>Each strategy prepared under subsection (a) shall
be submitted to the Administrator for review and approval.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HB20B86F3402045529E15C502C6EA809E"><enum>(2)</enum><header>By
IPC</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Each strategy reviewed
and approved under paragraph (1) shall be transmitted to the Interagency Policy
Committee on Global Development established under section 1020 to ensure
coordination with the United States Global Development Strategy and all other
United States policies and programs relating to the partner country.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H6E5C94C602684ACFBC84705FBDFE786F"><enum>(f)</enum><header>Transmission</header>
<paragraph id="H08FD1B79E166412F83BFB25139609606"><enum>(1)</enum><header>To
Congress</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Each strategy
prepared under subsection (a) shall be transmitted to the appropriate
congressional committees.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H96BC46DF950942E8A2A353D0C1CF76E3"><enum>(2)</enum><header>To partner
country</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Each strategy
prepared under subsection (a) shall be officially transmitted to the government
of the partner country at the same time it is transmitted to the appropriate
congressional committees under paragraph (1).</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H6F1D99D47621458EA0AE585373BDBAFD"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Public
availability</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Each strategy
prepared under subsection (a) shall be published on the Internet website of the
Agency not later than 3 days after it is transmitted to the government of the
partner country under paragraph (2).</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HCB5A85E0B8BE4473B5B2A2BCF7EC677C"><enum>(4)</enum><header>Revisions</header>
<subparagraph id="HE3D88ED7A10642D2922CFFEA1989D344"><enum>(A)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>A strategy prepared under subsection (a) may be revised
at any time, but any significant revision to such strategy shall be subject to
the same consultation, review, and transmission requirements that are
applicable to a strategy prepared under subsection (a).</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HCC03153C43644CE89968C5211D6C5302"><enum>(B)</enum><header>Definition</header><text>In
this paragraph, the term <term>significant revision</term> means a
change—</text>
<clause id="H145A2F91BCB8434EB8C02418AE299E27"><enum>(i)</enum><text>to a
goal, objective, or indicator;</text>
</clause><clause id="H41616ED77CB542C6A0237FA2E21771C0"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>of
more than 20 percent in—</text>
<subclause id="H4443BBFFCFFF48ECBB4669A3AC289115"><enum>(I)</enum><text>the amounts to be
provided for a goal or objective; or</text>
</subclause><subclause id="H5C6D3E8C9EF64D2391215F8FC32B4E90"><enum>(II)</enum><text>the number of
personnel required; or</text>
</subclause></clause><clause id="H28FF4F96618F499FB75C4E7E68C5B6CD"><enum>(iii)</enum><text>in
the general nature of the projects or activities to be supported.</text>
</clause></subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HD1CF8713E5464EF299BA9B12A76D4B43"><enum>(g)</enum><header>Implementation</header><text>None
of the funds made available under section 1015 may be used to carry out a
strategy prepared under subsection (a) until at least 15 days after the
strategy is transmitted to the appropriate congressional committees under
subsection (f)(1).</text>
</subsection></section><section display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HC90D42A641FA441895D796B6231DF1F8"><enum>1019.</enum><header>Sector
strategies for development</header>
<subsection commented="no" id="H177ECE5F433F4140B6C54A95B0500EBC"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Every 4 years, the
Administrator shall prepare, consistent with the results of the Quadrennial
Diplomacy, Development, and Security Review prepared under section 9101 and the
United States Strategy for Global Development prepared under section 1017,
individual strategies for achieving each of the goals of assistance described
in paragraphs (1) through (8) of section 1014.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H261913CA241C4A93A2BEA24342258A6C"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Elements</header><text>Each
strategy required under subsection (a) shall include—</text>
<paragraph id="H4194819445F44020BCA0A51ED306F882"><enum>(1)</enum><text>specific
objectives for the next 4-year period, including indicators and other
measurements of success;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H0B54E038C61441AB8D7F1FE5AE44B64B"><enum>(2)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">a description of how such objectives relate
to, are informed by, and will be coordinated with the development goals and
relevant sectoral plans of partner countries, as well as with those of other
bilateral and multilateral donors;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H3522111E04AD413F85E3F731C9EC7CDD"><enum>(3)</enum><text>a
description of the roles of each Federal agency in carrying out the strategy,
and the mechanisms for coordination;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HE4AEE25605C243249D58AF516197A390"><enum>(4)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">a description of policies and programs
needed to achieve such objectives, and the proportion of resources to be
provided to such policies and programs;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H741C5574A37A409B98BD98EF2DA1A242"><enum>(5)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">a description of the ways in which
research, innovation, and technology will be deployed in support of such
objectives;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H6F87479BB75547318A44A70CE9E8D209"><enum>(6)</enum><text>a
list of priority countries, regions, and intended beneficiaries on which
resources would be focused;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HE04C67BE433D4D9EB0C78CC6B8D59465"><enum>(7)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">a description of the gender considerations
taken into account, the role of women and girls as participants and
beneficiaries of the strategy, and the impact the strategy will have on gender
equality;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H6C6802693E0C495D9FB7D32CC3B3D7F8"><enum>(8)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">a description of how the policies,
programs, objectives and priorities have been informed by, and will respond to,
conflict strategies and assessments issued pursuant to section 2021;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HF10E9248F8EC425CBD29070390BACC80"><enum>(9)</enum><text>an analysis of the
key opportunities and challenges for achieving favorable results in the next
4-year period;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H593F7DF899E44569B0547656D4CDCCC2"><enum>(10)</enum><text>a mechanism for
ensuring that policies and programs undertaken pursuant to the strategy inform
and are informed by, build upon, contribute to, and otherwise advance policies
and programs pursuant to each of the other sector strategies required under
this section;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HC91F6FBF295E4DA896117652BF3E3B1F"><enum>(11)</enum><text>the amounts
devoted to similar purposes in the previous 4-year period, the results achieved
and the lessons learned; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H0D29BFEE8A804FC1A5348C033BDBDE59"><enum>(12)</enum><text>the requirements
for human and financial resources and overseas infrastructure to carry out the
strategy over the next 4-year period.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HEBDECD3612944237AB7CD07AEB070FB9"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Consultation</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">In preparing each strategy required under
subsection (a), the Administrator shall consult with the appropriate
congressional committees and a wide range of relevant stakeholders to ensure
that the strategy is appropriate to local needs and conditions and incorporates
the views of partner countries.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H691A860555ED41E8B885DB822E85E472"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Review and
coordination</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Each strategy
prepared under subsection (a) shall be transmitted to the Interagency Policy
Committee on Global Development established under section 1020 to ensure
coordination with the United States Global Development Strategy and all other
United States policies and programs pertaining to that sector.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H8969D659D9284C398D92763B77383157"><enum>(e)</enum><header>Transmission to
congress</header>
<paragraph id="H620EF47CDCFF47FE929E8861D7B6E958"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Schedule</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">At the time of transmission of the United
States Strategy for Global Development pursuant to section 1017, the
Administrator shall transmit to the appropriate congressional committees a
schedule for the completion within the next 2 years of an initial strategy for
each of the goals described in section 1014.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H0991530880EA4066B87A0CF9139889AD"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Regular
transmission</header><text>Each strategy prepared under subsection (a) shall be
transmitted to the appropriate congressional committees.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H45B64FF9FD044524A70F895B373E6D1A"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Public
availability</header><text>Each strategy prepared under subsection (a) shall be
published on the Internet website of the Agency not later than 3 days after it
is transmitted to the appropriate congressional committees.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HA439954CFA3A48C8AD2B1F1A7133593A"><enum>(4)</enum><header>Revisions</header>
<subparagraph id="HA93BC20050724AC28CA41B69BC27AA80"><enum>(A)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>A strategy prepared under subsection (a) and transmitted
pursuant to paragraph (2) may be revised at any time, but any significant
revision to such strategy shall be subject to the same consultation, review,
and transmission requirements that are applicable to a strategy prepared under
subsection (a).</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HB7DB8088163D40FD87BFA1CF5562DC86"><enum>(B)</enum><header>Definition</header><text>In
this paragraph, the term <term>significant revision</term> means a
change—</text>
<clause id="HEA4460D614F343F1A7E35212629DD1D5"><enum>(i)</enum><text>to a
goal, objective, or indicator;</text>
</clause><clause id="H1E3E54B286454ED99B0F4F99D5BFC68B"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>in
the general nature of the policies and programs to be supported;</text>
</clause><clause id="H0B99AFDB5E8845E58A0B28F3DD8704BD"><enum>(iii)</enum><text>in
the priority countries, regions, or intended beneficiaries; or</text>
</clause><clause id="HCF1343B38F72415EA7D8C6731EDA240F"><enum>(iv)</enum><text>of
more than 10 percent of the proportion of resources to be provided to a policy
or program.</text>
</clause></subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H4CC9D95196674A08895C608DD9B441CE"><enum>(f)</enum><header>Implementation</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">None of the funds made available under
section 1015 may be used to carry out a strategy prepared under subsection (a)
until at least 15 days after the strategy is transmitted to the appropriate
congressional committees pursuant to subsection (e).</text>
</subsection></section><section display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HF4FF0700A17F47DAB2089C576CCE1E87"><enum>1020.</enum><header>Interagency
Policy Committee on Global Development</header>
<subsection id="H686DB19605774B11818F5F36DB62968F"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Establishment</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The President shall establish an
Interagency Policy Committee on Global Development (in this section referred to
as the <quote>Committee</quote>) to coordinate United States budgets, policies,
and programs affecting international development.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HCA3D9AFF17CA436AB8A2B31FF23CDBFD"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Membership</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The Committee shall be composed of the
Administrator and a senior representative of each Federal agency with policies
or programs significantly affecting international development.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H5B46E2D220734509BBF8A590FA93FB8F"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Chairperson</header><text>The
President shall designate a member of the Committee to serve as its
Chairperson, who shall report directly to the President.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H8E716FE8B795466491C461D0D7D76354"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Vice
Chairperson</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">If the
Administrator is not designated as Chairperson pursuant to subsection (c), then
the Administrator shall serve as Vice Chairperson of the Committee.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HEF17FB4488724CC3B081EB71E77B08E4"><enum>(e)</enum><header>Meetings</header>
<paragraph id="H115AA9F623144736B1A626152BCF6A27"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Regular
meetings</header><text>Meetings of the Committee shall be held not less often
than quarterly.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H54A67FA5DC804911B634BAC2C48EE80E"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Additional
meetings</header><text>In addition to its regular meetings, the Committee shall
meet subject to the call of the Chairperson or the Vice Chairperson.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H9004D4268BFC497EBAB27087F4F7D39B"><enum>(f)</enum><header>Subordinate
units</header><text>The Committee may establish such subordinate units as it
determines necessary.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H2ECB6646ACDD4C058BF775BA370E6688"><enum>(g)</enum><header>Duties</header><text>The
Committee shall—</text>
<paragraph id="H0EFD85D823894EEABB4DA470634521BF"><enum>(1)</enum><text>advise the
President with respect to the coordination of United States budgets, policies,
and programs affecting international development, including programs of
bilateral and multilateral development assistance;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HAC8D21E9303C4EFD9953391D26FED168"><enum>(2)</enum><text>promote policy
consistency and coherence, and minimize program gaps and duplication;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H18B420611F8346EFBFC1BB760D78633A"><enum>(3)</enum><text>prepare, on a
quadrennial basis, a comprehensive strategy to further the United States
foreign policy objective of reducing global poverty, as described in section
1017;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HBD3D3EFC22BE48A0BA2C58A6FC274369"><enum>(4)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">review, upon completion, Country
Development Cooperation Strategies required under section 1018, and ensure that
such strategies are coordinated with the United States Strategy for Global
Development and all other United States policies and programs relating to the
partner country;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HEB3782A7BD454BF99F51FB34F80135A3"><enum>(5)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">review, upon completion, the sector
strategies for development prepared under section 1019, and ensure that such
strategies are coordinated with the United States Strategy for Global
Development and all other United States policies and programs relating to that
sector;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HDC344D1726364DCF88EC6C6174486488"><enum>(6)</enum><text>monitor and
evaluate the results and impact of the development policies and programs
carried out by each Federal agency;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HA8EBCEFB965646A28A7EA7B1A58D5423"><enum>(7)</enum><text>facilitate
coordination, cooperation, and information sharing among Federal agencies;
and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H8C963AA1A1F34C4C85307A42611640F6"><enum>(8)</enum><text>define and
rationalize the role of each Federal agency in carrying out development
policies and programs.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HFE0BAA19C25A4795A12028A812397FC6"><enum>(h)</enum><header>Staffing</header>
<paragraph id="H9A510C274E654BBCB29114A947C6BAC1"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>The Administrator shall provide administrative and staff
support to the Committee.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H1AF0A3CFD50B468BB89A5492418DCF3C"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Other
agencies</header><text>The head of a Federal agency represented on the
Committee may temporarily assign, upon the request of the Chairperson, one or
more employees from the agency to the staff of the Committee.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section id="HC60BC319C99D431C91910E6BD10E1F19"><enum>1021.</enum><header>Global
Development Council</header>
<subsection id="HC9F5A6ADE67E4D91843DE1DD763B3704"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Policy</header><text>To
help protect national security and further United States economic,
humanitarian, and strategic interests in the world, it is the policy of the
United States Government to promote and elevate development as a core pillar of
United States power and chart a course for development, diplomacy, and defense
to reinforce and complement one another. The successful pursuit of development
is essential to advancing United States national security objectives: security,
prosperity, respect for universal values, and a just and sustainable
international order. The effectiveness of this development policy will depend
in large measure on how the United States engages with partners, beneficiaries
of development assistance, and stakeholders. The United States will use
evidence-based decisionmaking in all areas of United States development policy
and programs, and will foster development expertise and learning
worldwide.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H8019E3EC492444C3974AA53F287FE625"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Establishment</header>
<paragraph id="H69149AB62EEC4CA098D13ACFF219E12E"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>The President shall establish a Global Development
Council (in this section referred to as the <quote>Council</quote>) to advise
and support the President in furtherance of the policy set out in subsection
(a).</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HCAD464A7647C47C1A5131A7C138F6886"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Located within
Agency</header><text>The Council shall be established for administrative
purposes within the Agency, subject to the foreign policy and budgetary
guidance of the Secretary.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HA653C495122B45AAA3599C225A997B21"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Membership</header>
<paragraph id="H46281BCDCCDC4C75BE64760B031E146D"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>The Council shall be composed of the following:</text>
<subparagraph id="HFDD4B3367D254F6B8250B601E7A90960"><enum>(A)</enum><text>Not more than 12
individuals from outside the United States Government appointed by the
President. Such members may serve as representatives of a variety of sectors,
including, among others, institutions of higher education, non-profit and
philanthropic organizations, civil society, and private industry.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H326D45D67D53410BAA97A53107926FD0"><enum>(B)</enum><text>The Secretary of
State, the Secretary of the Treasury, the Secretary of Defense, the
Administrator of the United States Agency for International Development, and
the Chief Executive Officer of the Millennium Challenge Corporation,
who—</text>
<clause id="H9108BB339E064AE4B3AEAF86CA566160"><enum>(i)</enum><text>shall serve as
non-voting members of the Council; and</text>
</clause><clause id="HD8E3DDC6383442F1BF6D4BBA4D24CC69"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>may
designate, to perform the Council functions of the member, a senior-level
official who is part of the member’s department, agency, or office, and who is
a full-time officer or employee of the Federal Government.</text>
</clause></subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="HC08279F8A197457AA51A30DC754C7989"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Chair and Vice
Chair</header><text>The President shall designate a member of the Council to
serve as Chair and another member to serve as Vice Chair. The Chair shall
convene and preside at meetings of the Council, determine meeting agendas, and
direct its work. The Vice Chair shall perform the duties of the Chair in the
absence of the Chair and shall perform such other functions as the Chair may
assign.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H5F655DB1C7AA41CD9EC0251CA8D82C32"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Terms</header><text>The
term of office of a member appointed by the President from outside the United
States Government shall be 2 years, and such member shall be eligible for
reappointment and may continue to serve after the expiration of such term until
the President appoints a successor. A member appointed to fill a vacancy shall
serve only for the unexpired term of such vacancy.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H776FC12CDEE24CF3B0FC897E42AD04CA"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Functions</header><text>The
Council shall meet regularly and shall—</text>
<paragraph id="HEFE095CB80304B1E937055650C74C313"><enum>(1)</enum><text>inform the policy
and practice of United States global development policy and programs by
providing advice to the President and other senior officials on issues
including—</text>
<subparagraph id="H7647764647724CB6AC72244CD2DFA2CF"><enum>(A)</enum><text>innovative,
scalable approaches to development with proven demonstrable impact,
particularly on sustainable economic growth and good governance;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H1AE97E76592546F2903ABC95F89C82DB"><enum>(B)</enum><text>areas for enhanced
collaboration between the United States Government and public and private
sectors to advance development policy;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H2CB001F0FCA048088B7D0C2C7AC9D8AC"><enum>(C)</enum><text>best practices for
and effectiveness of research and development in low and middle income
economies; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H264C6FE8A0D644C09C141E8712971DCD"><enum>(D)</enum><text>long-term
solutions to issues central to strategic planning for United States development
efforts;</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H3E149F06F53F4E59A9874C6584C2B569"><enum>(2)</enum><text>support new and
existing public-private partnerships by—</text>
<subparagraph id="HCA76EA631B7F4220957BC6363AC0AEBF"><enum>(A)</enum><text>identifying key
areas for enhanced collaboration and any barriers to collaboration; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HF801816A88334FC9BBFDC7B13803A40F"><enum>(B)</enum><text>recommending
concrete efforts that the private and public sectors together can take to
promote economic development priorities and initiatives; and</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H1258379D95B548188D7EA45647E183AD"><enum>(3)</enum><text>increase awareness
and action in support of development by soliciting public input on current and
emerging issues in the field of global development as well as bringing to the
President’s attention concerns and ideas that would inform policy
options.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H3DFC3BF7E4754B3199C28F3D716824DA"><enum>(e)</enum><header>Administration
and related matters</header>
<paragraph id="H5462A1D1E7D84F48901416E81F84EA67"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>The heads of executive departments and agencies shall
assist and provide information to the Council, consistent with applicable law,
as may be necessary to carry out the functions of the Council.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H95F9F4F8514C45E6A16FA8236EB18F05"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Funding and
administrative support</header><text>Funding and administrative support for the
Council shall be provided by the Agency to the extent permitted by law and
within existing appropriations.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HDE617FB5BBD14595B9A575EBD9CA91B0"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Executive
Director</header><text>The Administrator shall appoint an Executive Director
who shall be a Federal officer or employee of the Agency and serve as a liaison
to the Administrator and the Executive Office of the President and consult with
relevant Federal departments, agencies, and offices on matters and activities
pertaining to the Council.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H5372CE16ED7B4FE0AC2F1BDA5D8C6276"><enum>(4)</enum><header>Compensation;
travel expenses</header><text>The members of the Council who are appointed from
outside the Federal Government shall serve without compensation for their work
on the Council. Members of the Council may receive travel expenses, including
per diem in lieu of subsistence, in accordance with applicable provisions under
subchapter I of chapter 57 of title 5, United States Code.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="HD5AD90058DD2442281681F6609F0D30F"><enum>(5)</enum><text>To the extent as
the Federal Advisory Committee Act applies to the Council, any functions of the
President under such Act, except functions relating to reporting to Congress,
shall be performed by the Administrator in accordance with the guidelines
issued by the Administrator of General Services.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HE248C39F9BEF4516A3CECD2FE63DB486"><enum>(f)</enum><header>Termination</header>
<paragraph id="HE3B48FF9C531447A9991EE023415A31B"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>Except as provided in paragraph (2), the Council shall
terminate on the date that is 2 years after the date of the enactment of this
Act.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HE125BE7A531F43A4B6158DF96D373A7A"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Extension</header><text>The
Council may be extended by the President for additional two-year
periods.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H9A5EDD9C0FCC40268F50E1191C8917AA"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Report</header><text>Prior
to exercising the authority under paragraph (2) to extend the Council, the
President shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a report on
the activities of the Council during the previous two-year period.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section id="H3C53E943CF624C9285A0F44A24AC9E17"><enum>1022.</enum><header>Development
education</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">The Administrator is
authorized to use up to $1,000,000 of amounts made available under section 1015
in any fiscal year to support expansion and improvement of United States
education about global poverty, the process and challenges of international
development, and the interdependence of the United States and developing
countries.</text>
</section><section commented="no" id="H3FF2E764D8B34E2DBB04191BEF7CA4A8"><enum>1023.</enum><header>Definitions</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">In this subtitle:</text>
<paragraph display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H160119B8A12048308714C839E20DB34D"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Agriculture</header><text>The
term <term>agriculture</term> means the science and practice of activities
related to food, feed, livestock, or fiber production, processing, marketing,
distribution, utilization, and trade, and encompasses the study and practice of
family and consumer sciences, nutrition, food sciences, forestry, wildlife,
fisheries, aquaculture, floraculture, livestock management, veterinary
medicine, and other environmental and natural resource sciences.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HA5A3C269429340B2BD655B983A75B34F"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Agricultural
development</header><text>The term <term>agricultural development</term> means
methods to use agriculture as a basis for food security, family livelihood, and
economic growth by—</text>
<subparagraph id="H81E6717114F64831BEEDF2FB381CB419"><enum>(A)</enum><text>increasing the
productivity of those involved in the production of food, fuel, and fiber,
including farmers, fishers, foresters, and pastoralists, particularly those
that operate on a small scale;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H087869E2617948E7B883B2B4F294CC35"><enum>(B)</enum><text>linking producers
to consumers through markets, including postharvest activities such as storage,
processing, transport, and improving market efficiency;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HB2B2D3D1308244FDA5576F4B73F3D5E4"><enum>(C)</enum><text>supporting a
legal, regulatory, and policy environment that is conducive to agricultural
investment and production; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HF0853D2AA6EA4081BED1CF544A676BDC"><enum>(D)</enum><text>strengthening
technical, financial, and business service providers that help food producers
grow their enterprises.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H387CBF5B454F4147843EE905781A2BD1"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Country
systems</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The term
<term>country systems</term> means the public financial management,
procurement, disbursement, and monitoring and evaluation systems of a
country.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="H52B901A3741847FC87F82136F20CAB61"><enum>(4)</enum><header>Developing
country</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The term
<term>developing country</term> means a country or area that is on the List of
Official Development Assistance Recipients of the Development Assistance
Committee of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HFC0CF669CFFC4CD986C368DF6187ADB0"><enum>(5)</enum><header>Development
stakeholder</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The term
<term>development stakeholder</term>—</text>
<subparagraph id="HC041C6E62ED845AEA5B48CA1779D4E4A"><enum>(A)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">means an entity directly or indirectly
affected by the success of efforts to reduce poverty and promote
self-sustaining, equitable, and environmentally sound economic growth in a
partner country; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H3FB400558A1B483CB8D4C564AD6A7566"><enum>(B)</enum><text>includes—</text>
<clause id="H90F1C46187BD4124BF2F2490C54F3C79"><enum>(i)</enum><text>national,
regional, and local governments and administering authorities, intermediate
representative institutions, civil society organizations, and intended
beneficiaries, including marginalized groups;</text>
</clause><clause id="H55D8764A2A0941758835928AD67E8CC7"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>Federal agencies,
congressional committees, the Government Accountability Office, and private
partners; and</text>
</clause><clause id="H254A2D5676974DCFBDB1E9E91E1B555A"><enum>(iii)</enum><text>bilateral,
multilateral, and private donors.</text>
</clause></subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="HD0BBE6ED7238419F952D7E816C34A097"><enum>(6)</enum><header>Food
security</header><text>The term <term>food security</term> means that all
people at all times have both physical and economic access to sufficient food
to meet their dietary needs for a healthy and active life.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H06EB215B0AB449BBADBA99E7922AEB27"><enum>(7)</enum><header>Relevant
stakeholder</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The term
<term>relevant stakeholder</term>—</text>
<subparagraph id="H8A6E51DCA78545BC871313FF092C6503"><enum>(A)</enum><text>means a party that
is—</text>
<clause id="H0D6298B77F344123B002C5E502D6ABB8"><enum>(i)</enum><text>directly or
indirectly affected by a particular law, regulation, policy, process, program,
project, or activity; or</text>
</clause><clause id="HFD5F71362DD44B4196FC54194F4188B4"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>involved in the
funding, design, implementation, auditing, or oversight thereof; and</text>
</clause></subparagraph><subparagraph id="H8D03CCF5D8C84A92B8CED4BB96009DDD"><enum>(B)</enum><text>includes—</text>
<clause id="H5D32C75C2FD74D299A258A16C9C2F242"><enum>(i)</enum><text>national,
regional, and local governments and administering authorities, intermediate
representative institutions, civil society organizations, and intended
beneficiaries, including marginalized groups;</text>
</clause><clause id="HCF0247FDFDEF4B52BFA336E2E91C5C7C"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>Federal agencies,
congressional committees, the Government Accountability Office, and private
partners; and</text>
</clause><clause id="H9B9A7B7FEA774E1CA27AB48A9DE9E370"><enum>(iii)</enum><text>bilateral,
multilateral, and private donors.</text>
</clause></subparagraph></paragraph></section><chapter id="HCEA3FE4D65C5446E85BB170966ADA7C0"><enum>1</enum><header>Accelerating
Economic Growth</header>
<section id="HD33B91AADD1B4E2AAEF016DEDAD55C50"><enum>1101.</enum><header>Findings and
statement of policy</header>
<subsection id="HD9B7BA41DBF0488DA522131941BF74C2"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Findings</header><text>Congress
finds the following:</text>
<paragraph id="H9F4BA197F51543828ABBDA38AE9EEBE9"><enum>(1)</enum><text>Broad-based and
sustainable economic growth is the most powerful engine for reducing poverty,
and is key to advancing human development. It is the surest way for countries
to generate the resources they need to address illiteracy, poor health, and
other development challenges on their own.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H6CA3553461524308B901D1906E016AFE"><enum>(2)</enum><text>By expanding
incomes, economic growth helps families and individuals not only to meet their
basic needs, but also to realize their unique capabilities, exercise greater
freedom in their lives, and achieve their full human potential.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H35143C88D6514859A222ED1413455155"><enum>(3)</enum><text>Economic growth
enables countries to offer better markets for United States goods and services
and to become more effective partners with the United States in working toward
a more stable, healthy, and prosperous world.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HF9113A2D8BEF4F1CBB6CC9A815BAB6DD"><enum>(4)</enum><text>Well-functioning,
dynamic private markets promote economic activity and accelerate growth,
providing increased incomes and employment.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H393F3F4DF9D244A19B7B2C134670BBE2"><enum>(5)</enum><text>To encourage
entrepreneurship and private investment, developing countries must create a
favorable legal, policy and regulatory environment; an efficient and
accountable system of public financial management; fair, transparent and
predictable enforcement of property rights and contracts; effective procedures
for resolving economic disputes among firms and individuals; and rigorous
efforts to stem bribery and corruption.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H38877D77A8744ED6B4F3612A7E43C1EB"><enum>(6)</enum><text>Even where markets
are functioning well, differential access to education, technology, credit and
other resources can cause economic benefits to be uneven. Expanding economic
opportunity and access to the tools that help citizens engage in the market
economy enables the poor, women and other marginalized groups to participate in
and contribute to economic growth.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H0CB2DAD5C2C940B18C9CE65C067905D9"><enum>(7)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">An abundance of young people in a country
with a weak economy and non-responsive government can leave individuals
frustrated by the lack of jobs and opportunities. But youth are also key human
resources for growth and positive change. When governments embrace policies
that promote education, economic opportunities, the empowerment of women, and
equitable access to resources, countries can capitalize on the productivity of
a growing workforce to boost economic growth.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H727D9077D2384750B37AE5A160DF028D"><enum>(8)</enum><text>Expanding trade
regionally and internationally is critical for many of the smallest and poorest
developing countries, where local demand is too weak to support large-scale
expansion of production, employment, and incomes. Building trade capacity and
removing trade barriers are essential to lasting economic growth.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H26CDB851E94848778F454787A89BB693"><enum>(9)</enum><text>Heavy debt
burdens, often accumulated under prior, undemocratic regimes, can undermine the
ability of developing countries to invest in their people and make progress
fighting poverty.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H9D12BF3ED4C842378C5B99FE0E7F69DB"><enum>(10)</enum><text>United States
international trade and economic policies are often formulated with little
recognition or consideration of their impact on developing countries. More
active participation by the Agency in interagency decisionmaking processes can
help achieve greater balance among competing United States interests, ensuring
that development is duly considered as a priority of United States foreign
policy.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HE1FBB18ED2214E84A61F7C956D15B7EB"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Statement of
policy</header><text>It is the policy of the United States to work in
cooperation with the international community to help partner countries achieve
broad-based and sustainable economic growth that—</text>
<paragraph id="H21F4686029134D0EB9E573088ABDC68D"><enum>(1)</enum><text>includes all major
income groups, marginalized groups and women;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HBDD4870EFBF54034B05AE3A6DCFC8EE5"><enum>(2)</enum><text>significantly
reduces poverty;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HC7962FA0343240079DB1678F4709D301"><enum>(3)</enum><text>uses natural
resources responsibly; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HC39E105A0FF14E97ACA3ED5D34613540"><enum>(4)</enum><text>reduces dependence
on foreign assistance.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section id="H439EC72CCD5741258B15940D1E044F35"><enum>1102.</enum><header>Goal and
objectives</header>
<subsection id="H56ED233A2FD34712AD8B01F732839FB3"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Goal</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The goal of assistance under this chapter
is to accelerate broad-based and sustainable economic growth.</text>
</subsection><subsection commented="no" id="HC8BA536AA68C45A684696DE4F0DF439E"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Objectives</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">In furtherance of the goal described in
subsection (a), assistance under this chapter shall be designed to help partner
countries achieve the following objectives:</text>
<paragraph id="H6A2DC246DF1C42C1BEFD961CCFCEE15D"><enum>(1)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Increase income-generating
opportunities.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HAB043F3FAB5D4CD29F28C8F68329B105"><enum>(2)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Expand access to markets, capital, credit,
land, and other productive resources.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HEDA8F2720CEA42D6A5E1872D0E450C88"><enum>(3)</enum><text>Enhance
productivity through education and training.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H7A57BAF724CC447AA913C79C2F733981"><enum>(4)</enum><text>Improve the legal,
regulatory and policy environment for business and trade.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H99877CB0DFA14857AD6587E30C5C73AF"><enum>(5)</enum><text>Build human and
institutional capacity to compete in the global economy.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section commented="no" id="H16E73D54F40B479A98E536EB0A052180"><enum>1103.</enum><header>Global
Strategy for Economic Growth</header>
<subsection id="H9C3453343C62490FA476159617F9B3C3"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The strategy required
under section 1019 with respect to accelerating economic growth shall be known
as the <quote>Global Strategy for Economic Growth</quote>.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H39A824DCC3074F83A0A884720160B323"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Contents</header><text>The
Global Strategy for Economic Growth shall include, in addition to the elements
required under section 1019(b), plans for achieving the goal and objectives of
section 1102.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H0092B1FF30CE4D7E86DCEB16339BE50B"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Guidelines</header><text>The
Global Strategy for Economic Growth should—</text>
<paragraph id="H76D5245E8255445FA2BFF51EB9E92C02"><enum>(1)</enum><text>specify the role
of microfinance and microenterprise development, including the resources to be
devoted to promoting microenterprise;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H58C60CD65E8D49C8B7C0877A3466985A"><enum>(2)</enum><text>identify United
States policies relating to trade, agriculture, debt, and other matters that
have an impact on economic growth in developing countries, and recommend
changes that would enhance development objectives;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H4BC17FD064F14BF1A4DA7AAC7B7715EB"><enum>(3)</enum><text>plan for long-term
sustainability through linkages to regional and international markets and
private investment;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H5E1E1D1628D04D9E8A7D5B5D6E4BEE57"><enum>(4)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">include mechanisms for increasing
consultation, cooperation, and coordination with the private sector, in order
to attract greater private sector participation in development
activities;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HF179EF6AFE3A46639E0EA34FFA92E32A"><enum>(5)</enum><text>address the impact
of remittances and identify ways that their development impact can be
maximized;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HA292810619DD4FD9AC4BFD2CEECA0BE1"><enum>(6)</enum><text>recommend methods
for reducing illicit outflows of natural resources and capital from developing
countries; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H7C6C1EC4FE944C6AB067D033DB104D42"><enum>(7)</enum><text>establish
mechanisms for improving policy and program coordination among Federal agencies
engaged in economic growth activities.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section id="HCC3D72E4C58F459BBEFD683195DF4AC5"><enum>1104.</enum><header>Assistance for
economic growth</header>
<subsection id="HF08571A0D6D3465AA4F5FC06CDA33446"><enum>(a)</enum><header>
Authorization</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The
Administrator is authorized to use funds made available under section 1015 to
further the goal and objectives of this chapter in partner countries.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H99943DF622D543A998155666A2A81E98"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Activities</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Assistance authorized under subsection (a)
shall include the following:</text>
<paragraph commented="no" id="HB32E6680BC854C23AC85BEAADB87517B"><enum>(1)</enum><text>Expanding income
generating opportunities for the poor, including women.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="H479C5CE541554EDF9E5C228579450E3C"><enum>(2)</enum><text>Enhancing the
workforce by, among other things, providing job training and vocational skills
appropriate to local needs and conditions.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="H819757BCB9FA432891296CC9D7201A74"><enum>(3)</enum><text>Improving access,
particularly of women and the poor, to markets and productive resources,
including credit and financial services, affordable and resource-conserving
technologies, technical and market-related information, and property and
inheritance rights.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="H56F604318C98462B9BE9BF793D0385EA"><enum>(4)</enum><text>Strengthening the
legal, policy, and regulatory framework for broad-based and sustainable
economic growth, including the protection of private property and intellectual
property.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="H4A61FCF15DB7486B88768C79FC84C498"><enum>(5)</enum><text>Supporting the
development of cooperatives, credit unions, and labor unions.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="HC5A045B9EC9F4A989057254BE60AB847"><enum>(6)</enum><text>Expanding local
capacity and demand for collection and analysis of statistical
information.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="HF1EB1FD5EBE44F2BBCD7CE3859A4CCE6"><enum>(7)</enum><text>Promoting the
development, reform or restructuring, as appropriate, of financial, monetary,
fiscal and regulatory systems.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="H7F5CC33A166448018D5D1CA2A553BB05"><enum>(8)</enum><text>Building and
strengthening institutional capacities to plan, analyze, implement, manage,
monitor and evaluate economic policies and programs.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="H6CB34CF425BB4A7781F7A05C19398328"><enum>(9)</enum><text>Promoting sound
financial management practices and budgetary policies, and reducing corruption,
waste, fraud and abuse.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="H84451222856249D09539BB3919477BAF"><enum>(10)</enum><text>Increasing
private sector competitiveness, strengthening local and regional markets,
building trade capacity, and expanding trade ties.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="H957540182AD346D794EFF951724DE5C9"><enum>(11)</enum><text>Promoting
collaboration between public and private sector entities for the reduction of
poverty and its worst physical manifestations, and encouraging private sector
investment in projects benefitting the poor.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="H52A48C565DBB492BB199BAD46F0AD929"><enum>(12)</enum><text>Facilitating the
development of social safety nets, pension plans, insurance networks, and other
mechanisms designed to improve income security.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H3D213E6ABD74410F8DC4CF0E4F57CB4B"><enum>(13)</enum><text>Protecting
internationally recognized worker rights, especially with regard to child
labor.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H128A9F91A790469EAA72488C19FF837C"><enum>(14)</enum><text>Developing and
identifying analytical tools and methodologies to enable effective targeting
and measurement of programs for women, the poor and very poor.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H2026AF45A4A649549B7A683E91D34CA2"><enum>(15)</enum><text>Increasing the
transparency of budgets and procurement processes, and the effectiveness of
oversight, monitoring, accountability and audit mechanisms.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section id="HC8E473D1DBA640AAB891567F1F0E94E1"><enum>1105.</enum><header>Fiscal and
contract transparency</header>
<subsection id="HCC65B6E617D24C669E2600B87D0C996E"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Establishment of
international standards</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The
United States Government should seek, in appropriate multilateral fora, to
establish voluntary international standards of fiscal and contract
transparency, such as the public disclosure of budget documentation, including
receipts and expenditures by ministry, and government contracts and licenses
for natural resource extraction, including bidding and concession allocation
practices.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HF293634D3CA444D8A2090652B9325D60"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Partnerships for
transparency</header><text>The Administrator is authorized to use funds made
available under this chapter to support improvements to fiscal and contract
transparency in partner countries.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H31E63BC7D3F04E3896522242CE7543BA"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Requirement</header><text>The
Administrator shall not provide direct government-to-government assistance
under this Act for any government that fails to make its national budget
publicly available on an annual basis.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H397463A44DD64CC5A56F8D984AD38E74"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Definition</header><text>In
this section, the term <term>government-to-government assistance</term> means
assistance for a project or activity that is managed directly by a partner
government entity using its own financial management and procurement
systems.</text>
</subsection></section><subchapter id="HCA5C8CBE74904208954D51BAB0E8CB17"><enum>A</enum><header>Microenterprise
development assistance</header>
<section id="H0D5457769461464289ACCE3BC29E0A82"><enum>1111.</enum><header>Findings and
statement of policy</header>
<subsection id="H1B1B34DD2B774A1EA1AFAE6EA4564BD5"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Findings</header><text>Congress
finds the following:</text>
<paragraph id="HD11D9F163AA44B41BE4C884348B62E9D"><enum>(1)</enum><text>Access by women
and the poor to financial and business development services is a vital factor
in reducing poverty and promoting sustainable economic growth in developing
countries.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HCD5268E69E5A4EF6993AA720CA2D7D35"><enum>(2)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Microfinance and microenterprise
development programs have demonstrated high impact and long-term sustainability
because they build capacity for self-help among the poor, especially women,
thereby broadening the base for and increasing the inclusiveness of economic
growth.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HDC4BD878858143C389F9AEF1653D2A36"><enum>(3)</enum><text>In order to ensure
that microenterprise programs promote the maximum financial inclusion of women,
gender analysis should be integrated into microenterprise program design,
implementation, monitoring and evaluation.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H06D5AF8173CA41839D734F92ABE29967"><enum>(4)</enum><text>A
comprehensive approach to microenterprise development includes support for the
provision of credit, savings, insurance, education and training, technical
assistance, business development, and other financial services to women, poor
people, and other marginalized groups.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H7619128C57B743279128658FD603E877"><enum>(5)</enum><text>Microenterprise
development and microfinance are particularly important to enhancing the
livelihoods of refugees, displaced persons, and those affected by conflict,
whose routine employment opportunities and access to productive resources have
been reduced or disrupted.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H34ABF815783A424E89D1356C28E9F4E7"><enum>(6)</enum><text>Microenterprise
and microfinance activities should be thoroughly integrated into all aspects of
development, especially including agriculture and health.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H834806C6C8974299ADC8788CE7E9D3AF"><enum>(7)</enum><text>United States
Government support for microfinance and microenterprise development should
complement private initiatives in this area by focusing on those who lack
access to formal financial services, and on countries and sectors that have
been underserved by private capital flows.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HDC55E3AB23604555A197F32A41240A14"><enum>(8)</enum><text>United States
Government funds should be used to catalyze and attract additional resources,
including private sector funds, investment funds, and the savings of the poor,
such as through matching fund opportunities and challenge grants.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H6FB85661CB0E4CCF9EAB09443B83EF3C"><enum>(9)</enum><text>United States
Government-supported microfinance lending should accept a higher level of risk
than private lending in order to promote innovative products and methodologies
and serve poorer and harder-to-reach populations.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HD1E410C1E6A1409AB1455154ACF6463A"><enum>(10)</enum><text>United States
Government support for microenterprise development and microfinance should
build the capacity of local institutions in order to enable them to better meet
the credit, savings, and training needs of microfinance and microenterprise
clients.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HDCD4AEADBB154AFC99C45427F9E090DF"><enum>(11)</enum><text>Microfinance and
microenterprise activities, especially those benefitting the very poor, should
be a significant component of development assistance.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H73CFADF4A9A4485A9D5FFDFB3A7F7B21"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Statement of
policy</header><text>It is the policy of the United States to promote a global
strategy of financial inclusion for all, and especially the very poor and
women, through support for microfinance and microenterprise development in
partner countries.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="H91386223BE404E469FAE10859D5EDAD7"><enum>1112.</enum><header>Microenterprise
Fund</header>
<subsection commented="no" id="H4639D53954AE4C0DA65ABC09FD35E291"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The Administrator
shall establish a centrally managed fund for microfinance and microenterprise
development activities, to be known as the <quote>Microenterprise Fund</quote>.
Assistance provided through the Microenterprise Fund shall be in addition to
assistance otherwise made available for such purposes.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H0D98A50BA76A4C24A7ADB443B76E388E"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Activities</header><text>Assistance
provided through the Microenterprise Fund shall be used to advance the policy
described in section 1111(b), including through the following
activities:</text>
<paragraph id="H712B5A8A13294B2CA8A9329AC20EA32F"><enum>(1)</enum><text>Expanding the
availability of credit, savings and other financial and nonfinancial services
to microfinance and microenterprise clients.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H1D1C0936054F4C35A81E1CCDD2EFE8D0"><enum>(2)</enum><text>Training,
technical assistance and business development services for
microenterprises.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H06EAE991F9804DCE8E8A2BF8C8A9922E"><enum>(3)</enum><text>Capacity-building
for microfinance and microenterprise institutions.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H4233FD2228FA4645BF742327D4496BE8"><enum>(4)</enum><text>Improving the
legal and regulatory environment for microenterprise and for financial
institutions that serve the poor and very poor.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H2F5800F256954490BF87AF4885DCF612"><enum>(5)</enum><text>Developing new and
innovative microfinance and microenterprise products and services.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HE9DB5476FD014C6684E4C5371DF0B67B"><enum>(6)</enum><text>Developing,
identifying and testing tools that facilitate better targeting of programs to
the very poor, women, and other disadvantaged groups.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H1A9081229F92485898445FAEF2F153CB"><enum>(7)</enum><text>Providing targeted
core support for microfinance and microenterprise networks and other
practitioners.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection commented="no" id="H4928107EAA9743B894A04A96C1FFED66"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Targeting of
assistance</header>
<paragraph commented="no" id="HDDF8AE9F8497418E9A3EF03CF8DD33FD"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Very poor and
women</header><text>At least 50 percent of the assistance provided through the
Microenterprise Fund shall be targeted to microenterprise clients who are very
poor, and a significant proportion of such assistance shall be targeted to
women.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="H1A24C4D9261F4BC69E82D7D63DF2FA3E"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Poverty
assessment tools</header><text>In targeting assistance pursuant to paragraph
(1), the Administrator shall identify, field-test, and certify for use no fewer
than two low-cost methods to assess the poverty levels of incoming or
prospective clients of microenterprise institutions, and shall require that all
private partners use one of the certified methods.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HFFE3198903804BA7AE489EABC664FE0F"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Private
partners</header><text>Assistance provided through the Microenterprise Fund
shall emphasize the use of private partners who—</text>
<paragraph id="H0A5C314A2DAA41BA973F5D2DF768D31B"><enum>(1)</enum><text>match such
assistance, to the greatest extent practicable, with non-United States
Government resources, including funds from other donors, commercial or
concessional borrowing, participant savings, and program income;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H7FC690EF107C4159BED02A1FCAA8CBFF"><enum>(2)</enum><text>maintain low
overhead and administrative costs;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H4D047C9D01EE4497889290F1A7B50129"><enum>(3)</enum><text>are highly
technically competitive;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H77F960A06B3F45EFAF0B35718ED62B09"><enum>(4)</enum><text>design their
programs to meet the needs of women;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H6C6EDE7588994964BF35BDC6DF289B1F"><enum>(5)</enum><text>target their
resources at the very poor;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HC86FCC6903724F49B1342BF1F3A03893"><enum>(6)</enum><text>design their
programs for maximum financial sustainability; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H0E76B4DF455848DBA4EA88978702838F"><enum>(7)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">adopt robust client protection principles
and incorporate them into their practices.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section id="H0C4F7B2BD3D847458046AD271F006DD3"><enum>1113.</enum><header>Office of
Microenterprise Development</header>
<subsection id="HE94A84D52A634BAEBA1E0E07C75A71B3"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Establishment</header><text>There
is established within the Agency an Office of Microenterprise Development
(hereafter in this section referred to as the <quote>Office</quote>), which
shall be headed by a Director who shall be appointed by the Administrator and
who should possess technical expertise and ability to offer leadership in the
field of microenterprise development.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H59B2D73E626B4261936BB9C80C2BC73C"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Responsibilities</header><text>The
Office shall be responsible for—</text>
<paragraph id="H62CC945B06C5412E804E8EDD864DA4E3"><enum>(1)</enum><text>administering the
Microenterprise Fund established under section 1112;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H5B71964E9511425F9EE5673EEFBB5CE5"><enum>(2)</enum><text>developing a
comprehensive and coherent plan, which shall be made available to the public,
for promoting financial inclusion for all through microfinance and
microenterprise development programs;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HECD9DE3D88A542618765116CD35F34D9"><enum>(3)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">ensuring that such plan is integrated into
the Global Strategy for Economic Growth described in section 1103 and other
country and sector strategies for development, as appropriate;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HE90EE849BBD24BD3AF9E023C2C43E3EE"><enum>(4)</enum><text>advising and
providing technical support to Agency missions regarding the design and
implementation of microfinance and microenterprise development programs,
including through incorporation of such programs into Country Development
Cooperation Strategies;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H46A4820E7DA54B479B2280EC50B3940D"><enum>(5)</enum><text>setting
performance goals and indicators to ensure that microfinance and
microenterprise development activities benefit the very poor and women;
and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H37A868658D6E47F1A1E92560B2569553"><enum>(6)</enum><text>collecting and
disseminating detailed data to document the impact of microfinance and
microenterprise development activities on the very poor and women.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section id="H9CA2EC03138D4FB29372D2FF61A66811"><enum>1114.</enum><header>Definitions</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">In this subchapter:</text>
<paragraph id="HD9D81CEF3A8346B180DC17269E50DEE9"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Microenterprise</header><text>The
term <term>microenterprise</term> means a firm of 10 or fewer employees,
including unpaid workers, which is owned and operated by someone who is
poor.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H08077377B33746018C61A6B3B25583A5"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Microfinance</header><text>The
term <term>microfinance</term> means activities to provide, or to increase the
availability of, credit, savings, insurance, and other financial services to
microenterprises.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H830EFEC726B34629B00425D6363AC5C6"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Very
poor</header><text>The term <term>very poor</term> refers to individuals whose
incomes are—</text>
<subparagraph id="H11334F705D4143EDA7A9861EC7A172FC"><enum>(A)</enum><text>in the bottom 50
percent of those below the poverty line in their country of residence;
or</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H8BE10604CD2642B0AEFBF07E1AA7788C"><enum>(B)</enum><text>below the World
Bank international extreme poverty line.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></section></subchapter><subchapter id="HFFE9BB03F04346539E5B60D9936AC39A"><enum>B</enum><header>Small and medium
enterprise development</header>
<section id="HEAAFAA973DEF44CFBA017833EB7EC757"><enum>1121.</enum><header>Findings and
statement of policy</header>
<subsection id="H7C1E196C701F46868789F6698408AA54"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Findings</header><text>Congress
finds the following:</text>
<paragraph id="HFFF91E2C36EB447CB3329CA47DFBB07E"><enum>(1)</enum><text>Small and medium
enterprises (SMEs) are key drivers of competition, growth, and job creation,
particularly in developing countries. They make up an estimated 90 percent of
businesses and over 50 percent of employment worldwide.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H57B56CE147134DCEBCA03F3BCBC89103"><enum>(2)</enum><text>Access to
financial services for SMEs remains severely constrained in many emerging
markets.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HA04996F609E24218AAA0384197A81820"><enum>(3)</enum><text>The global
financial crisis created a financing gap that particularly affected SMEs,
making it more difficult for these enterprises to find the capital to grow
their businesses and create jobs.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H4FA3A0BC8E3A4088B808F3B3D1DDBD14"><enum>(4)</enum><text>Even as liquidity
is restored to financial institutions, lending volumes remain depressed and
SMEs still have limited access to financing.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H6351F49819B74782AADDBBCA3B2D9BE7"><enum>(5)</enum><text>The lack of
agribusinesses in rural areas has contributed to the growth of urban slums and
a burgeoning population of disaffected youth.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H6C5B6A43C4D4428587212D93E34F7699"><enum>(6)</enum><text>Increasing access
to finance for SMEs is best achieved by increasing the depth and breadth of
local financial markets and boosting the competitiveness of the private
financial sector.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H194A748913FD424E98AAA830EDE3EC87"><enum>(7)</enum><text>Enabling
growth—and ensuring that poor people can participate—requires an environment
where people are able to start and grow businesses, as well as create more
jobs.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H8621017B89CA440DBB82BEED563BF4B5"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Statement of
policy</header><text>It is the policy of the United States to encourage
entrepreneurship and expand the formal sector in partner countries by—</text>
<paragraph id="H5A72894A73E04A569FAB71BBF6B697AA"><enum>(1)</enum><text>building the
capacity of SMEs;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HC16BDB98B9B74FB5949133399B1D9B21"><enum>(2)</enum><text>increasing SME
access to financial services, technology, training, and other resources;
and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H62F22D4A34EF4A8DB3A6663BD79DEFD5"><enum>(3)</enum><text>reducing the legal
and bureaucratic hurdles to starting a business.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section id="H26E346EBC20242DCAF527C3FE34C3595"><enum>1122.</enum><header>Assistance for
small and medium enterprises</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">The Administrator is authorized to use funds
made available under this chapter for programs to encourage entrepreneurship
and strengthen small and medium enterprises in partner countries,
including:</text>
<paragraph id="HC5627BA5309F4DB0B20D943C0EC44495"><enum>(1)</enum><text>Training in
entrepreneurship, including basic business management, accounting, bookkeeping,
marketing, risk management, and computer skills.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H1C76B7905EC048E4996488DC26B9DF5C"><enum>(2)</enum><text>Agriculture
entrepreneurship training, particularly to increase employment opportunities in
rural areas.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HEC5FFC189D8B4FDF8D418A8B4C35D8E5"><enum>(3)</enum><text>Establishing youth
entrepreneurship programs in schools or through community partnerships with
business and youth organizations to promote economic skills, ethics, integrity,
and healthy life skills among youth.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H43F9CA5D776948ACADE26417F60F8B09"><enum>(4)</enum><text>Strengthening
laws, regulations, and enforcement mechanisms to protect national and
international intellectual property rights and to protect the people and
industries of developing countries against imported counterfeit goods.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H3B0A6D4BF9CE4CE49B6FC27DC44E4A12"><enum>(5)</enum><text>Combating
anti-competitive, unethical, and corrupt practices.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HB7446F03D6BD47D1AECBEE6FE0515B49"><enum>(6)</enum><text>Improving the
technology and information resources of financial institutions and small and
medium enterprises.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H5FAA3DD523F6414C9FFF9196AF534981"><enum>(7)</enum><text>Promoting the
establishment of lending programs of financial institutions for small and
medium enterprises.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HD57935FE4EDB412B95570B611A0353DA"><enum>(8)</enum><text>Developing
internal credit rating systems and credit assessment tools that improve the
ability of financial institutions to evaluate risk.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HE7FD9BF4EAED49D782B0B325BA70D20A"><enum>(9)</enum><text>Programs
specifically targeted to small and medium enterprises owned by women, youth,
and displaced persons.</text>
</paragraph></section><section id="HFBE127662B6342DDADE33D6EA5CC291A"><enum>1123.</enum><header>Definition</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">In this subchapter, the term <term>small and
medium enterprise</term> means a corporation, sole proprietorship, partnership,
or other legal entity that—</text>
<paragraph id="H6C3142FC37F043F19DCF0B7AF17D0805"><enum>(1)</enum><text>has its principal
place of business in a partner country;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HA0E681A1C9A94368965AFE06609F931D"><enum>(2)</enum><text>is owned or
controlled by persons who are citizens of such partner country; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H80A312EDA1EB47BE90282627107DB634"><enum>(3)</enum><text>has fewer than 50
employees.</text>
</paragraph></section></subchapter><subchapter id="H4E71E3AE9EA74E05A66E3E26CD2649FF"><enum>C</enum><header>Other
programs</header>
<section id="H0650872B48C247FDAFDC819E7FC1F014"><enum>1131.</enum><header>Development
credit authority</header>
<subsection id="H46D78D4AFF194DE0BF5180F469476FF1"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Authorization of
credit</header>
<paragraph id="H8F104F663C28489EBC3FD1236973CCD5"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>The Administrator is authorized to provide direct loans,
loan guarantees, and other investments involving the extension of credit to
achieve any of the goals of this subtitle in cases in which—</text>
<subparagraph id="HBCD49C344197456B9448DAAF5678B233"><enum>(A)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">the borrowers or activities are determined
to be sufficiently creditworthy and do not otherwise have access to such
credit; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HF9472692665146219BB5A7D149A6DB81"><enum>(B)</enum><text>the use of credit
authority is appropriate to the achievement of such goals.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H45F3A71861BA48B1AF74554213A1284F"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Designation</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Assistance authorized under this subsection
shall be known as the <quote>Development Credit Authority</quote>.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H8C966353A4D34F568355ECF56C8D6A13"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Priority
activities</header><text>To the maximum extent practicable, the Administrator
shall give preference to providing assistance authorized under subsection (a)
to promote—</text>
<paragraph id="H0278F6F2CB5D481B9F5932A789A948DE"><enum>(1)</enum><text>the policy
described in section 1111(b);</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H18F8B16A8F544B5296E54D52203536C8"><enum>(2)</enum><text>sustainable urban
and environmental activities described in chapters 5 and 6; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H5CC30E9A9FB2451CBA912C15EE38B56F"><enum>(3)</enum><text>policy and
institutional reforms in accordance with the objectives of this chapter.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H513FC76109234146A580DDD93DF32194"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Default and
commodity provisions</header>
<paragraph id="H0C082CB898A74146B70445CD2DC232DD"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Default
provision</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">For purposes of
this Act, the default of a private sector recipient of assistance provided
under this section shall not be considered to be the default of the government
of the country in which the private sector recipient is located.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H2C44491B7694476E839A92CCDEA3A982"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Commodity
provision</header><text>Assistance may be provided under this section without
regard to commodity restrictions (as such term is defined in section
11001).</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H01444D0A4E874EFA974374FBB8293B08"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Terms and
conditions of credit assistance</header>
<paragraph id="H8E3B8CFE00A74C69B31A501BD83F1D7E"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>Assistance provided under this section shall be offered
on such terms and conditions, including fees charged, as the Administrator may
determine.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HFE147D6DF2BC4FA8A2ADF7CCB7D54C44"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Limitation</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The principal amount of loans made or
guaranteed under this section in any fiscal year, with respect to any single
country or borrower, may not exceed $100,000,000.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H4228837C47C34F749B6B0423B576EF3A"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Fraud and
misrepresentation</header><text>No payment may be made under any guarantee
issued under this section for any loss arising out of fraud or
misrepresentation for which the party seeking payment is responsible.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H21BC9B5AFBD647E4B7E9812FDFE7CC3D"><enum>(e)</enum><header>Full faith and
credit</header><text>All guarantees issued under this section shall constitute
obligations, in accordance with the terms of such guarantees, of the United
States of America and the full faith and credit of the United States of America
is hereby pledged for the full payment and performance of such obligations to
the extent of the guarantee.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H5768FEABBF0440E4917AA49BE23419C6"><enum>(f)</enum><header>Co-Financing and
risk sharing</header>
<paragraph id="HBCDD5F2CBF7140DDAF55641A833A25C8"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>Assistance provided under this section shall be in the
form of co-financing or risk sharing.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HCB8137356FCA4E3E8C8E1162A1E704F3"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Requirement</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Credit assistance may not be provided to a
borrower under this section unless the Administrator determines that there are
reasonable prospects of repayment by such borrower.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H68A8FF875766471190ABA9173CF0FC77"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Additional
requirement</header><text>The investment or risk of the United States in any
one development activity may not exceed 80 percent of the total outstanding
investment or risk.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HA5A14D4A1A344A1C8CFD3F7D2686EF16"><enum>(g)</enum><header>Eligible
borrowers</header>
<paragraph id="HCC50660A63624DFD8D1056C4BC477D8B"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>In order to be eligible to receive credit assistance
under this section, a borrower shall be sufficiently credit worthy so that the
estimated costs (as defined in section 502(5) of the Federal Credit Reform Act
of 1990) of the proposed credit assistance for the borrower does not exceed 30
percent of the principal amount of credit assistance to be received.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H381017D15C364247BD982E3C16F7FCD5"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Additional
requirement</header>
<subparagraph display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H639A574B21C3431A9EBD61306882F906"><enum>(A)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>With respect to the eligibility of a foreign government
as an eligible borrower under this section, the Administrator shall make a
determination that the additional debt of the government will not exceed the
debt repayment capacity of the government.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H19242B80313E485C990AC7D5001C74E0"><enum>(B)</enum><header>Consultation</header><text>In
making a determination under paragraph (A), the Administrator shall consult, as
appropriate, with international financial institutions and other institutions
or agencies that assess debt service capacity.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H3DC78B6874FC4C61B036AFB4C0CA8D1E"><enum>(h)</enum><header>Assessment of
credit risk</header>
<paragraph id="H17993DB69A0E4EEEA4B632D88107E0A9"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>The Administrator shall use the Interagency Country Risk
Assessment System (ICRAS) and the methodology approved by the Office of
Management and Budget to assess the cost of risk credit assistance provided
under this section to foreign governments.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HFE0DDE8DB51F45BA84D04250127122EE"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Consultation</header><text>With
respect to the provision of credit to nongovernmental organizations, the
Administrator—</text>
<subparagraph id="H3CAECB4CAF584704A0B20488F86BC625"><enum>(A)</enum><text>shall consult with
appropriate private sector institutions, including large United States private
sector debt rating agencies, prior to establishing the risk assessment
standards and methodologies to be used; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H8FE787ECF54B4145B585CAC2D7CCCFC4"><enum>(B)</enum><text>shall periodically
consult with such institutions in reviewing the performance of such standards
and methodologies.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H61A2511955714470892261D23CC914AE"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Use of cost and
risk assessment determinations of private sector co-financing
entities</header><text>In addition, if the anticipated share of financing
attributable to public sector owned or controlled entities, including the
Agency, exceeds 49 percent, the Administrator shall determine the cost (as
defined in section 502(5) of the Federal Credit Reform Act of 1990) of such
assistance by using the cost and risk assessment determinations of the private
sector co-financing entities.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H774F38C38C864982841CD84353D1331C"><enum>(i)</enum><header>Retention of
receipts collected</header><text>Receipts collected pursuant to this section,
and the Federal Credit Reform Act of 1990, in an amount not to exceed the
amount appropriated for a fiscal year, shall be credited as offsetting
collections for Development Support Funds, and shall be used to reduce, on a
dollar-for-dollar basis, appropriations for that purpose. Amounts collected in
a fiscal year in excess of obligations shall remain available until
expended.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="HFA1F8CC3C8984A369941EF22F3D6B3D9"><enum>1132.</enum><header>Technical
assistance for financial management</header>
<subsection id="HAE8804EF7EFB49B6988B73C58A2A1FF5"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Establishment of
program</header>
<paragraph display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HC9E04B6E149642089AD99D37FAA6BA1B"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>The Secretary of the Treasury, in consultation with the
Secretary of State and the Administrator, is authorized to establish a program
to provide technical assistance to foreign governments and foreign central
banks of partner countries.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HC918E593D24F4A6883192235984F8847"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Role of
Secretary of State</header><text>The Secretary of State shall provide foreign
policy guidance to the Secretary of the Treasury to ensure that the program
established under this subsection is effectively coordinated with United States
foreign policy.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HE608241888F64286A10AACB836FE0FA8"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Role of
Administrator</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The
Administrator shall provide development guidance to the Secretary of the
Treasury to ensure that the program established under this subsection is
effectively coordinated with United States development policy and furthers the
goals of this subtitle.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HD24668F9DA9B4ECAB2BFDF03AF71325F"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Conduct of
program</header>
<paragraph id="HBD26DC5DE55E4B05AAFEA2099402AF76"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>In carrying out the program established under subsection
(a), the Secretary of the Treasury shall provide economic and financial
technical assistance to foreign governments and foreign central banks of
partner countries by providing advisers with appropriate expertise to advance
the enactment of laws and establishment of administrative procedures and
institutions in such countries to promote financial integrity, financial
inclusion, consumer protection, financial education, macroeconomic and fiscal
stability, efficient resource allocation, transparent and market-oriented
processes and sustainable private sector growth.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H45F29C1B3C624C79A413A4A12FBC3E97"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Additional
requirements</header><text>To the extent practicable, such technical assistance
shall be designed to establish—</text>
<subparagraph id="HA8FD571A08C648BCAC5FB619AECAA6A9"><enum>(A)</enum><text>tax systems that
are fair, objective, and efficiently gather sufficient revenues for
governmental operations;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H92722CF30403462D941DE8A0D7DB3B67"><enum>(B)</enum><text>debt issuance and
management programs that rely on market forces;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H806F8EA6D3234EE08B5D8F902BB3F15B"><enum>(C)</enum><text>budget planning
and implementation that permits responsible fiscal policy management;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HD24E6D1B9344486CA0080349C766B57D"><enum>(D)</enum><text>commercial banking
sector development that efficiently intermediates between savers and investors;
and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HA155E86D1D324767B46A9B0DD1150F28"><enum>(E)</enum><text>financial law
development and enforcement to protect the integrity of financial systems,
financial institutions, and government programs.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="HCF47E62D4EDD495DA69D55E4521AFAA8"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Emphasis on
anti-corruption</header><text>Such technical assistance shall include elements
designed to combat anti-competitive, unethical, and corrupt activities,
including protection against actions that may distort or inhibit transparency
in market and trade mechanisms and, to the extent applicable, privatization
procedures.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HA23E90A5C7E04DC98FCDA95CFD0CE038"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Administrative
requirements</header><text>In carrying out the program established under
subsection (a), the Secretary of the Treasury shall—</text>
<paragraph commented="no" id="HD4B1A830CF2B4DB4A6C2A16154044FB8"><enum>(1)</enum><text>in consultation
with the Secretary of State and the Administrator, establish a methodology for
identifying and selecting foreign governments and foreign central banks to
receive assistance under the program;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="H00F7DCE5CECF47C990EB7714D6568C95"><enum>(2)</enum><text>prior to selecting
a foreign government or foreign central bank to receive assistance under the
program, receive the concurrence of the Secretary of State with respect to the
selection of such government or central bank and with respect to the cost of
the assistance to such government or central bank;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H4550FDD655C749F4B7854B33EA76EEED"><enum>(3)</enum><text>consult with the
heads of appropriate Federal agencies and international financial institutions
to avoid duplicative efforts with respect to those foreign countries for which
such agencies or organizations provide similar assistance;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HE890DCCB372C43B8B246CC832AFDF5F0"><enum>(4)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">ensure that the program is consistent with
the global, sector, and country strategies being implemented by the Agency;
and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H86176A21BDA24D0786FF47643CE187A2"><enum>(5)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">establish and carry out a plan to monitor
and evaluate the program, consistent with the requirements of section
9201.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H42EAF6159EEC474390CF67977CD89501"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Administrative
authorities</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The
administrative authorities applicable to the Secretary of State with respect to
funds made available under this Act shall also be applicable to the Secretary
of the Treasury with respect to funds made available under this section.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H08D6FAD8B2854E7EB3D53F51BB9AB047"><enum>(e)</enum><header>Issuance of
regulations</header><text>The Secretary of the Treasury is authorized to issue
such regulations with respect to personal service contractors as the Secretary
determines necessary to carry out this section.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H4D3A3ED235254AF5B2C12998EA1CCC6A"><enum>(f)</enum><header>Rule of
construction</header><text>Nothing in this section shall be construed to
infringe upon the powers or functions of the Secretary of State (including the
powers or functions described in section 103 of the Omnibus Diplomatic Security
and Antiterrorism Act of 1986 (22 U.S.C. 4802)) or of any chief of mission
(including the powers or functions described in section 207 of the Foreign
Service Act of 1980 (22 U.S.C. 3927)).</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H6FCCAF58D31642A29F43FE4392E636C4"><enum>(g)</enum><header>Termination of
assistance</header><text>The Secretary of the Treasury shall conclude
assistance activities for a recipient foreign government or foreign central
bank under the program established under subsection (a) if the Secretary of the
Treasury, after consultation with the appropriate officers of the United
States, determines that such assistance has resulted in the enactment of laws
or the establishment of institutions in that country that promote fiscal
stability and administrative procedures, efficient resource allocation,
transparent and market-oriented processes and private sector growth in a
sustainable manner.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H50D5546EE8F74200836ECFFC2C0BAAC7"><enum>(h)</enum><header>Definitions</header><text>In
this section:</text>
<paragraph id="HEDA42A677B3D4DD3921846423DAAC2B2"><enum>(1)</enum><header>International
financial institution</header><text>The term <term>international financial
institution</term> means the International Monetary Fund, the International
Bank for Reconstruction and Development, the International Development
Association, the International Finance Corporation, the Multilateral Investment
Guarantee Agency, the Asian Development Bank, the Asian Development Fund, the
African Development Bank, the African Development Fund, the Inter-American
Development Bank, the Inter-American Investment Corporation, the European Bank
for Reconstruction and Development, and the Bank for Economic Cooperation and
Development in the Middle East and North Africa.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HFAC2032D8B864FD5A3F7497E3711F033"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Technical
assistance</header><text>The term <term>technical assistance</term>
includes—</text>
<subparagraph id="HE0C4FCFB3EA64EE99AD261424CFCA216"><enum>(A)</enum><text>the provision of
expert advisers to assist foreign governments and foreign central banks for the
purposes described in subsection (b)(1);</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H67897D9F3BB54A5DA18AC81FF98F582A"><enum>(B)</enum><text>training in the
partner country, the United States, or elsewhere for the purposes described in
subsection (b)(1);</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H397A8BE05FCD4EE6927AA0CD7949243E"><enum>(C)</enum><text>grants of goods,
services, or funds to foreign governments and foreign central banks for the
purposes described in subsection (b)(1);</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H9510F40914F54BFA94FE84870A03BDFA"><enum>(D)</enum><text>grants to United
States or local nonprofit organizations to provide services or products which
contribute to the provision of advice to foreign governments and foreign
central banks; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H249FB4153DEC4C4781AF14FC971DAA32"><enum>(E)</enum><text>study tours for
foreign officials in the United States or elsewhere for the purpose of
providing technical information to such officials.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H6C5C6528A4334C1C9655716ED5D724DD"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Foreign
participant</header><text>The term <term>foreign participant</term> means a
national of a partner country who has been designated to participate in
activities under the program established under subsection (a).</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section></subchapter></chapter><chapter id="H0BD71D5F0969436995FA16CBF4C30719"><enum>2</enum><header>Promoting food
security</header>
<section id="H6A596C7F7E9F41F2ADFB228674095DA4"><enum>1201.</enum><header>Findings and
statement of policy</header>
<subsection id="HDFBEC86D217A4847AC132E1B7ABBA194"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Findings</header><text>Congress
finds the following:</text>
<paragraph id="HEEC7A1895C2B4ADEAB5E8C36C1F3D0EE"><enum>(1)</enum><text>Hunger robs the
poor of a healthy and productive life and stunts the mental and physical
development of the next generation. The persistence of widespread hunger and
malnutrition constitutes an affront to shared moral values and humanitarian
principles.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HFF87677F184C43358A19B26575F07863"><enum>(2)</enum><text>Food insecurity
and chronic hunger are expanding rapidly in developing countries, forcing
millions of people into poverty, contributing to political and social
instability, eroding economic growth, and undermining investments in basic
education, health, environmental protection, and democratic
institutions.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H8494A16B30244D24816C222EC41FFC33"><enum>(3)</enum><text>Volatility and
real increases in food prices, which are expected to grow as grain production
fails to keep pace with rising demand, cause food insecurity and hunger for
poor people even when sufficient food is available on the market.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HB6E49B76A94F4EDB9927F8C8BF878324"><enum>(4)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The changing global climate, as well as the
degradation of land and water resources, threatens food security, livelihoods
and the environment worldwide but particularly for those already most
vulnerable: the millions of rural poor in developing countries.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HEF7F3E79D48D4B9FA3A1DC05A83AB32F"><enum>(5)</enum><text>The pressures on
world food supplies and agricultural land use caused by population growth,
rapid urbanization, energy, agricultural and trade policies in industrialized
countries, water scarcity, and climate change require a global commitment to
sustainable agriculture and the environment.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H4CE7BF8EA4684A1E86758F58B4189270"><enum>(6)</enum><text>Lack of
transparent regulations, inconsistent and unpredictable public policies in
developing and developed countries, and unreliable mechanisms to enforce
contracts between businesses serve to undermine development goals, deter
private investment, and limit the ability of agricultural producers and
businesses to access capital. This situation reduces the incentives for
agricultural producers to increase the quantity, quality, and value of their
agricultural production.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H48B410C2A46F467E890281B64779C68F"><enum>(7)</enum><text>Reducing chronic
hunger is essential to build a foundation for investments in health, education
and economic growth. It is critical to the security and productivity of
individuals, families, communities, and nations.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HF5B415DACE5A44DF84B475D7734DA1DD"><enum>(8)</enum><text>Approximately
three-quarters of people in developing countries live in rural areas, with the
vast majority dependent on agriculture for their livelihoods. Agricultural
development is a proven engine of growth that reduces global hunger and
poverty.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H697AB5D5E35544298F00926EFAB3C708"><enum>(9)</enum><text>Women will be a
pivotal force behind achieving a food secure world. In many developing
countries, farming is done mostly by women. However, women only own 2 percent
of land worldwide and often have limited access to agriculture inputs, loans,
and opportunities to learn about improved techniques. When gains in income are
controlled by women, they are more likely to be spent on food and children’s
needs, thus amplifying the benefits of investments in women across families and
generations.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H21A6F975926249D1A76111FD745063F4"><enum>(10)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The 1,000 days between a woman’s pregnancy
and her child’s second birthday offer a unique window of opportunity to help
families, communities, and countries break the cycle of poverty. Solutions to
improve maternal and child nutrition in the 1,000-day window are readily
available, affordable, and cost-effective, including vitamins and minerals and
good nutritional practices, such as breastfeeding.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HA6D1CC5E0BC7438793A1BA5A5D45A871"><enum>(11)</enum><text>A comprehensive
approach to long-term food security should encompass improvements in—</text>
<subparagraph id="H7E7EF4868C274F3E9DF29589D1855344"><enum>(A)</enum><text>food availability,
such that sufficient quantities of appropriate, necessary types of food are
consistently available to all persons;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HBDC75D9D4C074673B628136E3138D4E6"><enum>(B)</enum><text>food access, such
that individuals have adequate incomes or other resources to consistently
maintain an adequate diet, and food is allocated equitably within
households;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H93A345CCCC42429BA1AD4F8FE329EFC5"><enum>(C)</enum><text>food utilization
and consumption, such that people have the knowledge and basic sanitary
conditions to choose, store, prepare and distribute food in a way that results
in good nutrition for all family members;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H082404B5AEA245ADBB8E686E7D45973E"><enum>(D)</enum><text>stability, such
that the ability to access and utilize food remains stable and sustained over
time, regardless of adverse weather conditions, political instability, or
economic factors; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H1D7A17BFA579480CA074841DF238B123"><enum>(E)</enum><text>food quality and
safety, such that food supplies provide adequate nutritional value, are free of
contamination, and are fit for human consumption.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H704FEDC459F54AFF8CF0A3CA7051990E"><enum>(12)</enum><text>The greatest
potential for significantly expanding availability of food for people in rural
areas and augmenting world food production at relatively low cost lies in
increasing the productivity of small farmers, who constitute a majority of the
agricultural producers in developing countries.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HCA5A4EE7A62C455CAE5FA11A28B1E997"><enum>(13)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">However, increasing the efficiency of
agricultural producers alone will not result in higher incomes and reduced
hunger unless surplus harvest and products can be sold in well-functioning
local, national, regional, or international markets. Development of strong,
integrated, local, national, and regional agriculture and food markets will
increase the availability of safe and nutritious food, decrease local prices,
and expand economic growth.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HC843D6BDDB624F17B91A4B2E4E76E0DB"><enum>(14)</enum><text>The United States
should emphasize policies and programs that assist developing countries to
increase their national food security by improving their food policies and
management and by strengthening national food reserves, with particular concern
for the needs of the poor, through measures encouraging domestic
production.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H1E1E096638CB46858D3D0E822159B6C2"><enum>(15)</enum><text>The long-term
food security of developing countries requires that adequate legal and
procedural mechanisms are in place to protect local rights and the welfare of
rural poor people who depend on agriculture for their livelihoods.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H48F5A76391DD4175BF255EFAF044FB8D"><enum>(16)</enum><text>While the United
States cannot be expected to shoulder the majority of global investments in
ending hunger and providing food security, the United States can and should
lead the international community by demonstrating a sustained commitment and a
comprehensive approach to meeting international goals and targets for reducing
hunger and undernutrition.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H97A6462F037C4EB8A78BA51DF7A1E67E"><enum>(17)</enum><text>Partner countries
should decide their needs, priorities, and strategies for agricultural
development and food security through an open, participatory and inclusive
process that takes into account the needs and views of poor people, women, and
other marginalized groups. International efforts to improve food security and
nutritional status are not sustainable over the long term without robust
leadership and ownership by partner countries.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H147ED78E740041919C26778C84F8D874"><enum>(18)</enum><text>Nongovernmental
organizations and cooperatives are particularly important for combating food
insecurity and increasing the sustainability of public investments. Given their
close ties to local communities, such organizations and cooperatives are often
effective at ensuring that people who are very poor and vulnerable are
consulted about and benefit from agricultural and nutrition programs.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HEEC37885538542258E8FF13572DE832E"><enum>(19)</enum><text>Educational and
research institutions play a key role in developing the institutional capacity
and human resources of developing countries, including the establishment and
strengthening of agricultural research and extension services, the development
of networks for scientific collaboration, the dissemination of improved methods
and technologies, and the training of students, teachers, researchers and
practitioners.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H6C65516AEB0641589CFB5A9CC2836DA9"><enum>(20)</enum><text>With their
convening authority and technical expertise, multilateral institutions play a
central role in efforts to enhance food security by providing emergency
assistance, undertaking research and analysis, offering a platform for
sector-wide investments in agriculture, and providing a significant portion of
the external financing for investment projects and programs in developing
countries. They are important not only to mobilizing and coordinating donor
country commitments, but also to promoting global mutual accountability among
donors, partner countries and other stakeholders.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HC4B1324B6C0D45918875C74FBC4F04D6"><enum>(21)</enum><text>Public sector
investments alone, while important, are not sufficient to sustainably reduce
poverty and food insecurity. The private sector brings necessary financial
resources, human capital, technological resources, intellectual property,
market access, cutting-edge business practices, in-country networks, and other
relevant experience.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H2D067C53F13440B3BC987C0ADA954CA8"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Statement of
policy</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">It is the policy of
the United States to recognize the human right to food and to work in
cooperation with the international community to end hunger and achieve
universal food security.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="HF0B8F69810A848E7A59946AB058750BB"><enum>1202.</enum><header>Goal and
objectives</header>
<subsection id="H2FD9B468809247FB8EF4EA981D814CB6"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Goal</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The goal of assistance under this chapter
is to sustainably reduce global hunger.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H9378232122754345B22115409DFBCB90"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Objectives</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">In furtherance of the goal of subsection
(a), assistance under this chapter shall be designed to help partner countries
achieve the following objectives:</text>
<paragraph id="HF58EB3A423D34C359DE55105D89B64BC"><enum>(1)</enum><text>Accelerating
inclusive agriculture sector growth.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H85314C6F36CC492ABB2DFE000B68D743"><enum>(2)</enum><text>Improving
nutritional status, especially of women and children and other vulnerable
populations.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HF8A7324333B444E4BB6090915E6BB5EF"><enum>(3)</enum><text>Increasing
resilience in vulnerable rural communities.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section id="H148797E62BEA4D1796E95BF125AD7535"><enum>1203.</enum><header>Global
Strategy for Food Security</header>
<subsection id="HA5E37C7DE3964E1F86A69EAEB7F24A4E"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The strategy required
under section 1019 with respect to food security shall be known as the
<quote>Global Strategy for Food Security</quote>.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H19877064A19747348B6741A58C10DDE6"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Contents</header><text>The
Global Strategy for Food Security shall include, in addition to the elements
required under section 1019(b), plans for achieving the goal and objectives of
section 1202.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H0E49B671C5444D1D8518911A8FF5A9E5"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Guidelines</header><text>The
Global Strategy for Food Security should—</text>
<paragraph id="HFE02D46F76FF4F02B7E8DA71060DA811"><enum>(1)</enum><text>address the root
causes of hunger that limit the potential of millions of people;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H6566B6807AA84CCFA53966F8370562C0"><enum>(2)</enum><text>reduce gender
inequality and integrate gender concerns;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HF0D9E9EDEA4146D2B1EDEED4955363D7"><enum>(3)</enum><text>promote
climate-resistant and environmentally sustainable agricultural
development;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H724734C1011D43058BA5D051B18CFC78"><enum>(4)</enum><text>concentrate
efforts and resources on core countries where the Rome Principles (as defined
in section 1208) can best be realized;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HE04530B5C8004B0A8CFF531A40B655E6"><enum>(5)</enum><text>be tailored to
improving the nutritional status of women, infants and children, particularly
during the 1,000 day critical window of opportunity between a woman’s pregnancy
and her child’s second birthday, in which a set of proven nutrition
interventions can dramatically improve the child’s chances of surviving and
living a healthy and prosperous life;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H5740AA04424E432FB76A42957B24DB78"><enum>(6)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">invest in country-owned plans that are
designed through an open, participatory, and inclusive process and support
results-based programs and partnerships;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H45A28B366E9E4A40B1D4E474A6EFFBEA"><enum>(7)</enum><text>strengthen
strategic coordination to mobilize and align the resources of diverse partners
and stakeholders;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H679D35825CF149D7A276906773AAB3DC"><enum>(8)</enum><text>ensure a
comprehensive approach that accelerates inclusive agricultural-led growth and
improves nutrition, while also bridging humanitarian relief and sustainable
development efforts;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HBBCFEECBDD824F209C6CB88E4B9CDC74"><enum>(9)</enum><text>leverage the
benefits of multilateral institutions so that priorities and approaches are
aligned, investments are coordinated, and financial and technical assistance
gaps are filled; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HF7C12D8B01C54B22AA8F7A194D7CB325"><enum>(10)</enum><text>deliver on
sustained and accountable commitments, using benchmarks and targets to measure
progress toward shared goals, and hold the United States and other stakeholders
publicly accountable for achieving results.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section id="H4948F18AA30B4D29BFFFE162298E2246"><enum>1204.</enum><header>Assistance for
promoting food security</header>
<subsection id="H7DB55430DB824B18BCF5A0DA5DAA24D6"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Authorization</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The Administrator is authorized to use
funds made available under section 1015 to further the goal and objectives of
this chapter.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HDA55958D4FE046379B03CBE4EFB5D1C2"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Activities</header><text>Assistance
authorized under subsection (a) shall include—</text>
<paragraph id="HD41BFF03FFE1490C9027143E39028F6F"><enum>(1)</enum><text>sustainably
improving agricultural productivity by—</text>
<subparagraph id="H699C193B9ACF4EED8929825C0787875E"><enum>(A)</enum><text>increasing access
to agricultural inputs, techniques, and technologies that are affordable and
environmentally responsible;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HD1A97BB31A96416C8292438465CC7192"><enum>(B)</enum><text>developing inputs,
techniques, and technologies that are adapted to local conditions;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H8C3AA6B0A30C4E59B7FFE4BADEB9611D"><enum>(C)</enum><text>expanding access
to knowledge through agricultural extension;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HB1A804BE07614A13AEA6B9D775C07CCF"><enum>(D)</enum><text>strengthening
property rights to land and other productive assets;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H99A36B2A45724A2F9FCC57C241DF03B4"><enum>(E)</enum><text>enhancing
sustainability and resilience of production through sound environmental and
natural resource management;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H55AE07A5DCD340DFB6D51E13ECCB71C5"><enum>(F)</enum><text>increasing access
to dependable and affordable financial and risk management services;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H609489A9463643B3AEA4A0A1A169D224"><enum>(G)</enum><text>strengthening
agricultural producer organizations; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H8FD2957520394846B9D2031807A78EC0"><enum>(H)</enum><text>strengthening
regional harmonization and coordination;</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H6C122B058C6645B892C38BC9F4DE0A3B"><enum>(2)</enum><text>expanding markets
and trade by—</text>
<subparagraph id="H3B06BCAE55DC42769CB7F8C718C422B4"><enum>(A)</enum><text>increasing the
quality and availability of market information for producers and enterprise
owners;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H7E09ED214DA44CF48B785F979CE2C5F6"><enum>(B)</enum><text>improving
post-harvest market infrastructure;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HE35D5838E5A24B9D9372797798B7C32D"><enum>(C)</enum><text>improving access
to business development and financial services;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H16C72633EB674DC089CA7CD8148398ED"><enum>(D)</enum><text>enhancing animal,
plant and food safety;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H92E2B2DB64A24ECE8D53E57E4066B9A6"><enum>(E)</enum><text>reducing the time
and cost of moving goods across borders;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HD45D4F23E5BD41919F8F6B3D0875D77B"><enum>(F)</enum><text>creating an
enabling policy environment for agribusiness growth and private investment,
including transparent regulations, consistent and predictable public policies,
and reliable contract enforcement mechanisms;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HF694D6B94DBE4AAC8BC1BE80B9815C94"><enum>(G)</enum><text>expanding access
to larger and better functioning regional markets; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HED2FFD03A6824A0580DF68E59EC99590"><enum>(H)</enum><text>supporting
regional development corridors;</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="HD98D6E3B7818442E9C80BE1335990779"><enum>(3)</enum><text>raising
nutritional status by—</text>
<subparagraph id="H6D6D4D3D3213450484ACB189F107B13E"><enum>(A)</enum><text>supporting
community-based programs to deliver nutrition education;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H797603AE006B4658A84FC4A35621DE8D"><enum>(B)</enum><text>improving diet
quality and diversity, including in food assistance programs;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H970D34997358408D9416BDE9BC65E3B3"><enum>(C)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">expanding access to clean water and
improved sanitation and promoting good hygiene practices;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H0A3484FC44F9419C8F0D247C6FE301B2"><enum>(D)</enum><text>expanding delivery
of nutrition services; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HDD21338800724C769091C318ADD61494"><enum>(E)</enum><text>facilitating
supplementary and therapeutic feeding;</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H95FBA8BF86A04D9EAE1AE98E8858C5CC"><enum>(4)</enum><text>increasing
resilience in vulnerable rural communities by—</text>
<subparagraph id="HAC61C50148F5414FA0AEBA56A7AEBD2F"><enum>(A)</enum><text>mitigating risks
associated with drought, natural disasters, and disease;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H1F2D3BED8FFD4B9B998DE24092B2120B"><enum>(B)</enum><text>promoting secure
access to land and natural resources;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HEAB9CFB926A346EFAEA001EA72E3E27C"><enum>(C)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">expanding access to financial services,
training, and technical assistance for microenterprises and small
businesses;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H8C9BB44A15704F5196C0652552127995"><enum>(D)</enum><text>supporting
effective delivery and implementation of productive safety nets and social
protection systems;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HD7D7F913183C448B85051701BDBCD047"><enum>(E)</enum><text>building capacity
to manage risk through early warning systems, vulnerability assessment and
mapping, emergency response strategies, and micro-insurance;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H50587AEE07A64C189447FFE4A7364A7B"><enum>(F)</enum><text>increasing the
benefits of local and regional food assistance procurement to smallholder
farmers; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HA96B9C374A644A4ABD668F5515DD60D6"><enum>(G)</enum><text>adopting and
delivering extension and financial services and improved technologies to very
poor communities; and</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H267B82ABF82243CDA94F4595C7ED2F87"><enum>(5)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">supporting a participatory and inclusive
process for determining needs, priorities, and strategies and holding
stakeholders accountable for results by—</text>
<subparagraph id="HD154E027E47C4E768905F48FE94BE814"><enum>(A)</enum><text>expanding and
facilitating the inclusion of women, rural poor people, and other marginalized
groups in decisionmaking;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H8989435FD03F4DE59C0763B00AF20735"><enum>(B)</enum><text>building the
capacity of the groups described in subparagraph (A) to participate effectively
in decisionmaking;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HD18F61CBAF6A42049F32A66377ABB87F"><enum>(C)</enum><text>developing and
enforcing legal protections for the rights and welfare of the groups described
in subparagraph (A);</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H1229FD8EB8A44A6BACF0FF3FB980F842"><enum>(D)</enum><text>setting meaningful
benchmarks and selecting appropriate indicators for the chosen
strategies;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H84B6B2622D1A4D6594CC2E345D1736C3"><enum>(E)</enum><text>improving the
quality and availability in partner countries of relevant data and analysis;
and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HAC5250A36C7E42CEB0D85B9C8A8AB672"><enum>(F)</enum><text>establishing and
strengthening mechanisms for monitoring programs, measuring progress,
evaluating outcomes, disseminating findings, and integrating best practices and
lessons learned.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></subsection></section><section id="HC98B05D6CF6D4252B381B33E6F3C5A95"><enum>1205.</enum><header>Collaborative
agricultural and nutrition research and innovation</header>
<subsection id="H844A968B4D994CAD95ACC7B3359BD810"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Programs
authorized</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The Administrator
is authorized to use funds made available under this chapter for collaborative
agricultural and nutrition research and innovation programs, including—</text>
<paragraph id="H5C9C58A4526D4FFEA037E9966E14E740"><enum>(1)</enum><text>advancing the
institutional capacity and human resources of developing countries, including
the establishment and strengthening of national agricultural research and
extension systems;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H6A382765BA0947EDA248DB68E27DF4E6"><enum>(2)</enum><text>conducting
long-term collaborative research support programs with institutions of higher
education in developing countries, including the training of students,
teachers, extension specialists, nutritionists, and researchers;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HFD6A7CBED1A64FDC8029F58453FAFC98"><enum>(3)</enum><text>developing a
global network for scientific collaboration on agricultural development, trade,
research, and extension services;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H86B0267A844242139AA7C1CC0256E510"><enum>(4)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">broadly disseminating agricultural research
in developing countries, in partnership with public and private extension
systems, cooperatives, and other civil society organizations;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HF465B610845C44F588F16AB116EB3A1C"><enum>(5)</enum><text>expanding learning
opportunities about agriculture and nutrition for students, teachers,
small-scale food producers, school administrators, community leaders,
entrepreneurs, and the general public in developing countries through
international internships and exchanges, graduate fellowships, faculty
positions, and other means of education and extension, with a focus on reaching
women food producers;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HB68C82C81146422C90E0C71A2E8B77F3"><enum>(6)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">incentivizing the development of new and
innovative technology and methods to increase agricultural productivity and
improve nutritional status;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H5469EE6CEFEA4149BDB654C525E9CFB8"><enum>(7)</enum><text>developing
scalable and cost-effective programs for training the next generation of
agricultural researchers and research administrators in partner
countries;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H606675F6F81743129BD58ED356E19EDA"><enum>(8)</enum><text>advancing women’s
leadership in science and technology through proactive recruitment, mentoring,
and targeted research support;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HCD80121A87194101989B1786284CC50B"><enum>(9)</enum><text>formulating
approaches to improving agricultural and nutrition education and extension that
is relevant to agricultural producers, their needs, and the local
environment;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HAFB405210BF84E0AB03CD5BF7802C6CA"><enum>(10)</enum><text>creating
platforms for improving national capacity to collect, develop, analyze, and
disseminate agricultural, nutrition, and market data; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H3F41294A9B874D0F804680B19D6D4B4E"><enum>(11)</enum><text>developing
mechanisms to hold research institutions accountable for delivering
technologies to agricultural producers.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H445FA5EA0A2E451DA00171DD55A94B04"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Research
priorities</header><text>In providing assistance for agricultural research
under this section, the Administrator should give priority to research
that—</text>
<paragraph id="HF65E64C043FA456CBC4CC80816022406"><enum>(1)</enum><text>is aimed at
improving food security;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H3CB97E0CCA704EDEBE0F84A1CAF74812"><enum>(2)</enum><text>specifically
addresses the nutritional needs of vulnerable populations;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H98C5EC7906FA439B9AEF6351EA3CA92D"><enum>(3)</enum><text>is appropriate to
local conditions and practices;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H91837F4A05F14750A69474582E06B6AD"><enum>(4)</enum><text>conserves the
environment and natural resources and adapts to and mitigates the impacts of
climate change; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H77575CA2A7EB414C8F82346504B5681D"><enum>(5)</enum><text>builds local
capacity.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section id="H51945859C31F465FB4ACFAF3D9429E93"><enum>1206.</enum><header>Board for
International Food and Agricultural Development</header>
<subsection id="H7D601E759B764DFBAF1DFD8FAC2D94B9"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Establishment</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">There is established a Board for
International Food and Agricultural Development (hereafter in this section
referred to as the <quote>Board</quote>). The Board shall report to the
Administrator.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HA2C34923F12B4D54905EBD14A1FEF8CB"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Purpose</header><text>The
purpose of the Board is to advise and assist the Administrator regarding the
design and administration of assistance under section 1205.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HFAF9060604664FB6A39324CAC368AFC5"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Duties</header><text>The
duties of the Board shall include—</text>
<paragraph id="HF913BCFF995A485A8A09A6FC20E5A195"><enum>(1)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">participating in the formulation of
criteria for program design and project selection;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H5F0CF03F95504CD690511C353B28D89B"><enum>(2)</enum><text>evaluating the
qualifications of interested institutions of higher education and the
demonstrated commitment of such institutions to the purposes of this
section;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H229856FC9C7D47DEA220141394B5B54B"><enum>(3)</enum><text>recommending
appropriate focus countries for programs carried out under this section;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H8E28169A52D3460EBB4659AE1C2B1EE5"><enum>(4)</enum><text>assessing the
impact of programs carried out under this section and making recommendations
for improving the effectiveness of such programs; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HDF2B239B9B214012BAD86A1A8FDC169E"><enum>(5)</enum><text>advising the
Administrator on such issues as the Administrator may request.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HECA5CE8CA38B48F9B10152249B823B38"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Membership</header>
<paragraph id="H0569F8AAB67045B99B6B6179378817C0"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Number and
appointment</header><text>The Board shall be composed of at least 7 members, of
whom—</text>
<subparagraph id="HDCBEF31D02F748D5BA34A77CAD197AC2"><enum>(A)</enum><text>not less than four
members shall be representatives of institutions of higher education;
and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HEDC9E4C46E784BB4AA3545580E7D2970"><enum>(B)</enum><text>not less than
three members shall be representatives of United States nongovernmental
organizations or consortia of such organizations devoted to agricultural
research, education, and development.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H27A51743CE274BBEB004BF1D722B36F6"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Terms</header>
<subparagraph id="H1778024E7C8C4891804BFCC372A26A8D"><enum>(A)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>Subject to paragraph (2), the Administrator shall
establish the term of membership for each member of the Board at the time of
appointment.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HADA873A086FC49CF80B6325BDD4DF09F"><enum>(B)</enum><header>Limitations</header><text>A
term of membership to the Board may not exceed two years and a member of the
Board may serve not more than two consecutive terms during the tenure of an
Administrator.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H187C40B9FB144B328D657298B309BC78"><enum>(e)</enum><header>Chairperson and
vice chairperson</header><text>The Chairperson and Vice Chairperson of the
Board shall be designated by the Administrator at the time of appointment to
the Board.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H04C12F3DBC6249E1842E0A85F2922B62"><enum>(f)</enum><header>Report</header>
<paragraph id="H60F38E99EEF74A6C9FBA68B269A16365"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>The Board shall submit to the Administrator on an annual
basis a report that describes the activities of the Board during the preceding
year and contains any other information that may be required by the
Administrator.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HCD5BF66136914AA0BC6CB2AE5CFB4E67"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Availability to
public</header><text>The Administrator shall make the report publicly available
on the Internet website of the Agency.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HAAFA0713B8A94CFAB6B6AB9F202DDA28"><enum>(g)</enum><header>Meetings</header><text>The
Board shall hold not less than 3 meetings each year.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H3A0CD88D6A654C8D9677978635FB6D4A"><enum>(h)</enum><header>Subordinate
units</header><text>The Board may create such subordinate units as may be
appropriate for the performance of its duties.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HE9AF3646665E4626AFD4343A470C4B3B"><enum>(i)</enum><header>Expenses</header><text>The
Administrator may, on a case-by-case basis as the Administrator determines
appropriate, reimburse members of the Board for expenses incurred in the
performance of their duties (including per diem in lieu of subsistence while
away from their homes or regular place of business).</text>
</subsection></section><section id="H45EF7C8B715D441DAE70F50FC49886E0"><enum>1207.</enum><header>Assistance to
international and regional organizations</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">The Administrator is authorized to use funds
made available under this chapter to build the long-term capacity of
international, regional, and sub-regional organizations engaged in agricultural
research and development and food security activities, including—</text>
<paragraph id="H7964C340162947FCA714C4EC98DCD83B"><enum>(1)</enum><text>the Food and
Agricultural Organization;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H6681240AD8CC4429B78F41AC73297E95"><enum>(2)</enum><text>the World Food
Program;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HB06043A813314D8F92B6372ECF2EBA9E"><enum>(3)</enum><text>the International
Fund for Agricultural Development;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H65A076BE8C224C639C73464C470CEF14"><enum>(4)</enum><text>the Global
Agriculture and Food Security Program; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HF6CDC1A3758B45B1B2E3ABF3C470B839"><enum>(5)</enum><text>the Consultative
Group on International Agricultural Research.</text>
</paragraph></section><section id="H8EA68A27EEFB40E7B43185078CE897FB"><enum>1208.</enum><header>Definitions</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">In this chapter:</text>
<paragraph id="H975251EE3A6F4CA696F937C641A8510F"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Food
producers</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The term <term>food
producers</term> includes farmers, pastoralists, fishers, and other persons who
cultivate or harvest plants or raise animals (terrestrial or aquatic) for
consumption.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H4D54E9AAF5C04EBA81A7CD6DB414992B"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Institutions of
higher education</header><text>The term <term>institutions of higher
education</term> means—</text>
<subparagraph id="HB868B6138E6347D59297E3C4BD4137DB"><enum>(A)</enum><text>those colleges or
universities in each State, territory, or possession of the United States, or
the District of Columbia, now receiving, or which may hereafter receive,
benefits under the Act of July 2, 1862 (known as the First Morrill Act), or the
Act of August 30, 1890 (known as the Second Morrill Act), which are commonly
known as <quote>land-grant</quote> universities;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HB9BBA55C29BF4E1A81E1967A4944D1E6"><enum>(B)</enum><text>institutions now
designated or which may hereafter be designated as sea-grant colleges under the
Act of October 15, 1966 (known as the National Sea Grant College and Program
Act), which are commonly known as sea-grant colleges;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H18988ADC7DD34672AD7BFE96F82A6C0D"><enum>(C)</enum><text>Native American
land-grant colleges as authorized under the Equity in Educational Land-Grant
Status Act of 1994 (7 U.S.C. 301 note); and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HA4E8913618D444F393FFC94AE58726E6"><enum>(D)</enum><text>other United
States colleges and universities which—</text>
<clause id="H8CD456997A6648F9B5B6A8309A9915FA"><enum>(i)</enum><text>have
demonstrable capacity in teaching, research, and extension (including outreach)
activities in the agricultural sciences; and</text>
</clause><clause id="HFE60EB7CCEB24EC68A511A749D83739B"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>can
contribute effectively to the advancement of the goal and objectives of this
chapter.</text>
</clause></subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H29E3F0DCC00F4660ADEAD3529AB11A04"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Rome
principles</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The term
<term>Rome Principles</term> means the Rome Principles for Sustainable Food
Security, endorsed by 193 countries at the 2009 World Summit on Food Security,
which are as follows:</text>
<subparagraph id="HF90CEA31BA7345B591A36871CD05AD10"><enum>(A)</enum><text>Invest in
country-owned plans, aimed at channeling resources to well- designed and
results-based programs and partnerships.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HA8F71CD174FB410BBDD6D47536FBC7BE"><enum>(B)</enum><text>Foster strategic
coordination at national, regional and global level to improve governance,
promote better allocation of resources, avoid duplication of efforts and
identify response-gaps.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H488DBB2BBFF3419AAA6DAF0EB34660D6"><enum>(C)</enum><text>Strive for a
comprehensive twin-track approach to food security that consists of—</text>
<clause id="H25743AF4C6F14189883822F0E16BF3AC"><enum>(i)</enum><text>direct action to
immediately tackle hunger for the most vulnerable, and</text>
</clause><clause id="HA47DAB5F6D6A467699F5217F7454B2F1"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>medium- and
long-term sustainable agricultural, food security, nutrition and rural
development programs to eliminate the root causes of hunger and poverty,
including through the progressive realization of the right to adequate
food.</text>
</clause></subparagraph><subparagraph id="H58FCBB0A540E4258979BDCD6C78260C3"><enum>(D)</enum><text>Ensure a strong
role for the multilateral system by sustained improvements in efficiency,
responsiveness, coordination and effectiveness of multilateral
institutions.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H552F87BFD76C45549DCCCF732AF86A2A"><enum>(E)</enum><text>Ensure sustained
and substantial commitment by all partners to investment in agriculture and
food security and nutrition, with provision of necessary resources in a timely
and reliable fashion, aimed at multi-year plans and programs.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></section></chapter><chapter id="H36A184AA83C14B178B3BC08A187ED361"><enum>3</enum><header>Advancing
health</header>
<section id="HDDA21654A5204620B5341EDFEDAC48CF"><enum>1301.</enum><header>Findings and
statement of policy</header>
<subsection id="HAF477E98FC0F4A529C3C7208BEE703D9"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Findings</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Congress finds the following:</text>
<paragraph id="HDDD09DDDCABE4B4E9B28024C57DB9C4C"><enum>(1)</enum><text>Saving and
enhancing lives through better health is a moral imperative that reflects
fundamental humanitarian values.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H99F9C1DF9C7040E3AB6FF6DCCCDEE79D"><enum>(2)</enum><text>Strategic
investments in global health can spur progress in economic development, job
creation, education, agricultural development, gender equity and political
stability.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H0F66583019FD493EA643FDF171498254"><enum>(3)</enum><text>Because disease
knows no national bounds and can breed hopelessness and despair, support for
global health bolsters United States national security. Such support also
builds constructive partnerships with other governments, with multilateral
institutions, between public and private enterprises, and from people to
people.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H56D32A52491A45FDA2052975D2D6C06A"><enum>(4)</enum><text>United States
global health programs should prioritize the poorest and most vulnerable
segments of the world’s population, including women, newborns and children,
persons with disabilities, and marginalized communities, and should be designed
with their participation wherever possible.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H4005C94E79794FE4AC64C5E3587B7EE3"><enum>(5)</enum><text>Research and
innovation play a critical role in achieving health objectives worldwide,
fostering the development and introduction of new and improved health products
and practices and contributing to better policies.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HCDED28CE799D41D79D701F6F1FC084C3"><enum>(6)</enum><text>For maximum
effectiveness, global health programs must be closely integrated with efforts
to advance nutrition, improve hygiene, and expand access to clean water,
sanitation, and housing.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H5F0DCA625B0C476DA16333DAA5C0C2EE"><enum>(7)</enum><text>To make health
investments sustainable over the long term, the United States should help build
the capacity of—</text>
<subparagraph id="H81D2994FF4444BBE80CE3EDDFD6B1B0A"><enum>(A)</enum><text>governments of
partner countries to plan and budget responsibly, allocate and disburse funds
equitably, and provide reliable and cost-effective health care; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HDE39B357D88D443A8E7CDE1F61B493AD"><enum>(B)</enum><text>civil society to
participate in decisionmaking, carry out activities and monitor service
delivery.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H2CE8414EA663496C9A6DBBF2F88C0CA0"><enum>(8)</enum><text>In order to
provide for sustainable financing of health care, developing countries must
create strong economies and stable tax bases.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H9183CEFD6E5342039E5921D42F838656"><enum>(9)</enum><text>By setting clear
goals and targets and identifying appropriate resources, a comprehensive,
multiyear global health strategy can help to ensure policy focus and
consistency, promote program integration, strengthen transparency and
accountability, build congressional and public support, and accelerate
results.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HAE4E57FA165C42788F812C496D5D5FF0"><enum>(10)</enum><text>Multilateral
approaches offer a vital and necessary complement to bilateral programs. By
pooling their resources and harmonizing priorities, the United States and
multilateral organizations are better able to meet global challenges, mobilize
effective leadership and extend the reach and impact of programs.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H44AC6D45A23F48A9AFEEEF2104F92CD4"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Statement of
policy</header><text>It is the policy of the United States to work in
cooperation with the international community to save the greatest possible
number of lives and to help countries develop their own capacity to improve the
health of their own people.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="H02CFDD556289454FB1E9C99EE765746A"><enum>1302.</enum><header>Goal and
objectives</header>
<subsection id="HE730D3EAF11A45BEB01829583E7BC182"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Goal</header><text>The
goal of assistance under this chapter is to achieve sustained improvements in
health status and health systems in partner countries.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HF3213E3E4E5E400DB2D86B1D3BC7C62D"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Objectives</header><text>In
furtherance of the goal of subsection (a), assistance under this chapter shall
be designed to help partner countries achieve the following objectives,
including by strengthening health systems:</text>
<paragraph id="HF75CCEA4CC814B0A8F3713B1F22C550F"><enum>(1)</enum><text>Saving the lives
of mothers and children.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H68D93EEC556F4D10918C3BA528DE0E2A"><enum>(2)</enum><text>Protecting
communities from disease, both infectious and noncommunicable.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HA31F71CED83945E692A90E6E308FB0DC"><enum>(3)</enum><text>Creating an
AIDS-free generation.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HB1820F5A7E0A41AD9BF2D322340BC45A"><enum>(4)</enum><text>Preventing
unintended pregnancies and improving reproductive health.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section id="H7A952A180358428F8BFE4FDDE13BF0B1"><enum>1303.</enum><header>Global health
strategy</header>
<subsection id="H95EDF299D2D84ED3B79C618F24486F45"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The strategy required
under section 1019 with respect to advancing health shall be known as the
<quote>Global Health Strategy</quote>.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H8D0F707DF5E444C38D8C7303D3EADB39"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Contents</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The Global Health Strategy shall include,
in addition to the elements required under section 1019(b), plans for achieving
the goal and objectives of section 1302.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H1023F622194641179174A5FC907FA10D"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Guidelines</header><text>The
Global Health Strategy should—</text>
<paragraph id="HDB7B54E04F904BFC99E0E2B422E8BF1C"><enum>(1)</enum><text>focus on women,
girls, and gender equality;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HB7E4B85757AF447CA1D5F5118F78F6CB"><enum>(2)</enum><text>encourage country
ownership and invest in country-led plans;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H0E0DA9A67F824C58BCBAC3A664C6765F"><enum>(3)</enum><text>build
sustainability through health systems strengthening;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H597695A228E44E93B0483F1F981D610E"><enum>(4)</enum><text>strengthen and
leverage key multilateral organizations, global health partnerships and private
sector engagement;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H6EF189827DF245689EC714FD4155CE9A"><enum>(5)</enum><text>increase impact
through strategic coordination and integration, including with efforts in
related areas such as nutrition, water, sanitation, and hygiene;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HE8D691D584134175B9315DA1037A312B"><enum>(6)</enum><text>promote learning
and accountability through monitoring and evaluation;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HEC08ECEA99CE4B7DADB1AE78A4650B5A"><enum>(7)</enum><text>accelerate results
through research and innovation;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HD41DF30661524D9396B56EFE816314FA"><enum>(8)</enum><text>address the
health-related challenges posed by climate change and other environmental
trends; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H3E32714D666945CD835C5337717AE554"><enum>(9)</enum><text>safeguard the
rights and dignity of health workers and patients.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section id="H40079B6914594AAB8964D9D3A99DE333"><enum>1304.</enum><header>Assistance for
health</header>
<subsection id="H7FD1BC664FD94566B255ED88B446433B"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Authorization</header><text>The
Administrator is authorized to use funds made available under section 1015 to
further the goal and objectives of this chapter in partner countries.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HE85EBF22858047D8AA6B4F112DF1F685"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Activities</header><text>Assistance
authorized under subsection (a) shall include—</text>
<paragraph id="HF611C56717A2425887B78E6B45A57589"><enum>(1)</enum><text>supporting the
development, implementation, monitoring and evaluation of a country’s national
health strategy;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H8E3A0266643140189CC6FD940F7D68D3"><enum>(2)</enum><text>supporting the
recruitment, training, management, retention, effectiveness and equitable
distribution within each country of skilled health workers;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H325536401C8643C581850B501FC795A4"><enum>(3)</enum><text>facilitating the
development of partnerships and collaboration with educational and research
institutions, private corporations, nongovernmental organizations, multilateral
institutions and other donors, both public and private;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H9EFAEFA7C60C430A815131616BF47392"><enum>(4)</enum><text>building the
capacity of local nongovernmental organizations to participate effectively in
the planning, implementation, monitoring and evaluation of health strategies
and systems;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HCBF576EB8CA6493A851ADD1145B000BC"><enum>(5)</enum><text>strengthening
financial management, accounting, auditing and reporting systems;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H3E742D9CA8C949ABBDD686FF9BBC8F0B"><enum>(6)</enum><text>establishing
surveillance systems to detect, identify, and respond to emerging health
threats, including monitoring the spread of disease among animal and plant
populations;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HA444E596040D4CACAC8C4BCCEA5F0825"><enum>(7)</enum><text>identifying,
preparing for and responding to health-related threats posed by climate change,
pollution and other environmental factors;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HB4634525C1F242F0B1E77B44634CCE08"><enum>(8)</enum><text>improving the
quality and availability of health facilities at the national and local
level;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H57A37476CB5F4457A6C4C7746D85D2F4"><enum>(9)</enum><text>establishing and
strengthening procurement and supply chain management systems to safely,
efficiently, and equitably distribute medical and laboratory supplies;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HA8FB53B6A93C43838D20AC71135DD736"><enum>(10)</enum><text>supporting the
development and implementation of national health information systems to
securely track, compile and manage data, with appropriate privacy
safeguards;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H7CD7A41B66CA4B2CAFFEAAA93F34FAAE"><enum>(11)</enum><text>supporting
evidence-based public health education initiatives that teach healthy habits
and behaviors, increase health literacy, and encourage better utilization of
the health system;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HF3A0D7D5AAFF4C0F9F323FE96A5074AB"><enum>(12)</enum><text>building
government capacity to coordinate and harmonize the delivery of health services
provided by various donors;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H2AAA7F03FB804FB99461BCF3F0CB28F7"><enum>(13)</enum><text>developing and
improving laboratory research and testing capacity; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H3FEB5452705641C6937CCFF44C2915EC"><enum>(14)</enum><text>promoting a
legal, policy and regulatory framework conducive to the advancement of public
health and sustainable health care financing.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HE1AF28CE62E94A12B455535C6AF29978"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Programs</header><text>Assistance
under this chapter includes programs—</text>
<paragraph id="H30F54AF285D94347A88A3956118C9B36"><enum>(1)</enum><text>for child survival
and maternal health, as described in subchapter A;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H264078AF5BE345B3B5F202204FDEE5C2"><enum>(2)</enum><text>to combat disease,
as described in subchapter B;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H07C34AA300D94DE89487D90311077CB6"><enum>(3)</enum><text>for family
planning and reproductive health, as described in subchapter C; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H121EE6893E8640BAA6E6ADC66B1A8119"><enum>(4)</enum><text>for research,
innovation and development of health technologies, products and practices to
advance global health and the objectives of this chapter.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section id="H734898EA2EA04CE391B888A74EE067F5"><enum>1305.</enum><header>Health
principles and restrictions</header>
<subsection id="H7A85969CC9264220B22F48B6E2516488"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Principles</header><text>Funds
made available to carry out this chapter shall be provided in accordance with
the following principles:</text>
<paragraph id="HA732BCC1A40B47019001DE2F7F01F5F1"><enum>(1)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Patients shall be provided with
evidence-based, high-quality, courteous care that upholds internationally
recognized human rights and protects human dignity.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H6F52A5BB24774642831CAD9E850C2A4C"><enum>(2)</enum><text>Patients shall
have their privacy respected and the confidentiality of their medical
information protected to the maximum extent practicable, with free access to
their own health records.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H39D2BE7D39C74158A463798FFEBB08C5"><enum>(3)</enum><text>Patients shall be
provided with accurate health information and quality care on an equitable
basis, without discrimination of any kind, coercion or violence, and in a
manner that prevents and reduces stigma.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HFD22A4A5E4394F3DB889B6716805E186"><enum>(4)</enum><text>Patients shall
have the right to make their own decisions about their health, and shall be
provided with relevant, current, medically accurate and understandable
information concerning preventive health, diagnosis, all available treatments,
and prognosis, including the risks and benefits of each treatment and any costs
involved, except in emergency situations where the patient lacks decisionmaking
capacity and the need for an intervention is urgent, or where there is an
imminent risk to public health.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HC4E0EC5BE8094EBD923C4B4649FDF283"><enum>(5)</enum><text>Patients and
individuals participating in biomedical research and experimental treatments
shall do so on a strictly voluntary basis, with valid informed consent
processes in place, and shall be fully advised of potential risks and
benefits.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H2DDB2FB2E2F54C0CBCAEC4859B569F1A"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Restrictions</header><text>None
of the funds made available to carry out this title may be used—</text>
<paragraph id="HE5391BFC01DA40DBB3C6C146DBF4C811"><enum>(1)</enum><text>for the
performance of abortion as a method of family planning;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H2C24238FDEB84D84A4181666036AF843"><enum>(2)</enum><text>to coerce any
person to undergo an abortion;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H8BCD5A1A71BA47078DB3E35FF5D86ADB"><enum>(3)</enum><text>for the
performance of involuntary sterilization as a method of family planning;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HB2CE26F2E98A40729811C6AAED1B9576"><enum>(4)</enum><text>to coerce any
person to undergo sterilization; or</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H982D16648AC44EA6AC13E8EAA9AD9164"><enum>(5)</enum><text>for any biomedical
research which relates, in whole or in part, to methods of, or the performance
of, abortion or involuntary sterilization as a method of family
planning.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H9590FB439D0B4691A8FACFA40BB65FE7"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Definitions</header><text>In
this section—</text>
<paragraph id="HFEA1D363660841458F17FACA7CE035C2"><enum>(1)</enum><text>the term
<term>abortion as a method of family planning</term> does not include—</text>
<subparagraph id="H4ED2138B686F4C53AA050ACA9FC16B84"><enum>(A)</enum><text>abortions provided
in the case of rape or incest or to protect the life or health of a woman;
or</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H147793F64E09441CA7403DA817632978"><enum>(B)</enum><text>treatment for the
complications of induced, spontaneous, or unsafely performed abortions.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H0CFA3578508C414DAC5416E92388E6A7"><enum>(2)</enum><text>the term <term>all
available treatments</term> means all treatments that are legally available in
the partner country; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H9CE06BAAE82845A6BBC873F08583753D"><enum>(3)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">the term <term>patients</term> includes the
legal guardians of minors and persons who are incapacitated.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><subchapter id="H3442CE6A5C0342A29DB1E6280FD4B65F"><enum>A</enum><header>Child survival and
maternal health</header>
<section id="H2A7394555F63471188F00FEB3E7A1C8C"><enum>1311.</enum><header>Child
survival</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">The Administrator is
authorized, notwithstanding any other provision of law except for this chapter,
to use funds made available under this chapter for programs to reduce child
mortality, including the following:</text>
<paragraph id="HF14E3DB813984E09AC9CD218FD09D781"><enum>(1)</enum><text>Increasing access
to and utilization of appropriate interventions to treat life-threatening
childhood illnesses, such as polio, measles, diarrhea, and respiratory
infections.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HFDD070B3944246F4B94CF265253A89C4"><enum>(2)</enum><text>Improving child
and maternal nutrition, including the delivery of iron, folic acid, zinc,
vitamin A, iodine, and other key micronutrients and macronutrients.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H1697252FB3A049529886FA58FBEA089A"><enum>(3)</enum><text>Preventing the
spread of childhood disease and improving child nutrition by expanding access
to clean water, improving sanitation, and promoting good hygiene
practices.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HEBD43D67C96643F49C720B8A3B29BA45"><enum>(4)</enum><text>Reducing household
dangers, including exposure to environmental toxins and indoor smoke from
cooking fires.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H30B02A29B7C64E26BE35C85D945893DC"><enum>(5)</enum><text>Strengthening
early childhood development, including through early nutrition, parenting
programs and early education.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HA8F9C86B0ECA44CDABD4990BFB90C20F"><enum>(6)</enum><text>Enhancing the
quality, availability and sustainability of key child health interventions by
improving health care systems, building local capacity, and promoting positive
health policies.</text>
</paragraph></section><section id="H116DB021856B4C44BD181818DB6CB388"><enum>1312.</enum><header>Maternal and
newborn health</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">The
Administrator is authorized, notwithstanding any other provision of law except
for this chapter, to use funds made available under this chapter for programs
to reduce the mortality of, and improve the health of, mothers and newborns,
including the following:</text>
<paragraph id="H6977C4FFCF3F4BF699FC154CED303B08"><enum>(1)</enum><text>Strengthening
preparation for childbirth through education, antenatal care, access to skilled
birth attendants, preventing, detecting, and treating infections, and planning
for transport.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H841BAB9E0B7C4877AC2B277D02668E02"><enum>(2)</enum><text>Improving maternal
and child nutritional status through dietary improvements, nutrition education
and appropriate micronutrient interventions.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H8CB38E053AC241F5B2A8A88AC0EA84D6"><enum>(3)</enum><text>Actively
discouraging, preventing and responding to harmful behaviors, such as
gender-based violence, child marriage and female genital cutting.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HCF9C166001C54AC6A7B3B48C708A87C6"><enum>(4)</enum><text>Promoting safe
delivery, birth spacing, and postpartum care, including recognition, referral,
and treatment of maternal and newborn complications.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H65B6B01CF7E44AFF97101639657782F7"><enum>(5)</enum><text>Promoting healthy
practices such as breastfeeding, proper rest, good hygiene, and
nutrition.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H070067A202D54E4C91C90466E959908F"><enum>(6)</enum><text>Preventing and
responding to long-term disability as a result of pregnancy and birth,
including obstetric fistula and anemia.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HB468502511BA4DEB9D0D9ACD63188A3B"><enum>(7)</enum><text>Improving
long-term capacity and systems of local institutions to provide quality
maternal health care.</text>
</paragraph></section><section id="H5DBAF83273B14B3895E96C0E9D425C4F"><enum>1313.</enum><header>Assistance for
orphans and other vulnerable children</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">The Administrator is authorized to use funds
made available under this chapter to provide basic care and services for
orphans and other vulnerable children, including:</text>
<paragraph id="HFEF923FA56D64846AAD1BC6F3DF9DCC7"><enum>(1)</enum><text>Enabling
community-based organizations to provide basic care for orphans and other
vulnerable children.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H1C732781AD7C483C864D4601956F6438"><enum>(2)</enum><text>Providing school
feeding, including the purchase of local or regional foodstuffs where
appropriate.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H401E437B3FCC4CA3A6803427F8AAC7DF"><enum>(3)</enum><text>Increasing primary
school enrollment through the elimination of school fees, where appropriate, or
other barriers to education while ensuring that adequate resources exist for
teacher training and infrastructure.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H49D40727D0184B3AA15323E0FA193A63"><enum>(4)</enum><text>Providing
employment training and related services for orphans and other vulnerable
children who are of legal working age.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H0AC890C28B60472D95B66B672DA4D01A"><enum>(5)</enum><text>Protecting and
promoting the legal and inheritance rights of orphans, other vulnerable
children, and widows, and addressing discrimination they often face.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H03688BFB6BDB4D52B035942BE9491733"><enum>(6)</enum><text>Providing
culturally appropriate psychosocial support to orphans and other vulnerable
children.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H13DF753B1B0F4466B374F697930BD993"><enum>(7)</enum><text>Treating orphans
and other vulnerable children with HIV/AIDS through the provision of
pharmaceuticals, the recruitment and training of individuals to provide
pediatric treatment, and the purchase of pediatric-specific
technologies.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H4F6D151B8DF24F7ABB42B6987467DF3D"><enum>(8)</enum><text>Improving the
capacity of foreign government agencies and nongovernmental organizations to
prevent child abandonment and provide permanent homes through family
reunification, guardianship and adoptions, consistent with the Hague Convention
on the Protection of Children and Co-operation in Respect of Inter-Country
Adoption.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HE743A006058D4EB0BDBBC213B6BA696F"><enum>(9)</enum><text>Increasing access
to adequate housing and reliable, safe drinking water, sanitation, and hygiene
education and supplies.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HBD6697331F8F458DBD8D3EA6B4F76D28"><enum>(10)</enum><text>Integrating
gender to ensure the unique needs of girl and boy orphans and vulnerable
children are met.</text>
</paragraph></section></subchapter><subchapter id="HA6D810DBF2E741168373266F22D7DF10"><enum>B</enum><header>Combating
disease</header>
<section id="H48FEDA5969E948638A611F93DCAD00E5"><enum>1321.</enum><header>Assistance to
combat HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, and malaria</header>
<subsection id="H76EA04EAB7684B5E83DD8B5AD0DCC830"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Findings</header><text>Congress
finds that—</text>
<paragraph id="H98C1AE43105840CB89F6081C4233E810"><enum>(1)</enum><text>the global
HIV/AIDS pandemic poses a humanitarian, economic and security crisis of
unprecedented magnitude that requires urgent and sustained attention;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H1324315719114E74BB3631D2F96CEE76"><enum>(2)</enum><text>worldwide, women
of childbearing age account for more than half of people living with
HIV/AIDS;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H8B26AB5F610C4ADF8E5B8C3C56A57E86"><enum>(3)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">tuberculosis is the leading killer of
people with HIV/AIDS, and the spread of drug resistant tuberculosis presents a
persistent public health threat to the United States;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HD53E3158F026467697F1331027467E5D"><enum>(4)</enum><text>malaria imposes an
enormous burden on the social and economic development of poor countries, can
be prevented through cost-effective means, and can be cured if promptly
diagnosed and adequately treated;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H4D921FBF1E584D7BBEE40D18EE683273"><enum>(5)</enum><text>the creation of
the United States President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) in 2003
was the largest commitment by any nation to combat a single disease,
establishing and expanding the infrastructure necessary to deliver prevention,
care, and treatment services in low-resource settings;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HBC317958CCB149EE94F1C68CFDB6ACB8"><enum>(6)</enum><text>due to PEPFAR and
multilateral initiatives such as the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis
and Malaria, significant strides have been made in preventing new cases of
disease, treating affected persons, training health care workers, and educating
families and communities; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H087803D8FBDD47A8A767AC8217F8BBC0"><enum>(7)</enum><text>to be most
sustainable and have the greatest positive impact, programs to combat HIV/AIDS,
tuberculosis and malaria should be coordinated and integrated with other global
health and health-related programs, including maternal and child health, family
planning and reproductive health, nutrition, and water, sanitation, and
hygiene.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HAAECF77DDDAE4350895D8888410BF9AC"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Authorization</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The President is authorized to use funds
made available under this chapter to—</text>
<paragraph id="H59C4622E7F0548B0A514CD1E90C0E6F8"><enum>(1)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">carry out the United States Leadership
Against HIV/AIDS, Tuberculosis, and Malaria Act of 2003 (Public Law 108–25), as
amended by this Act, and other related laws, including the Tom Lantos and Henry
J. Hyde United States Global Leadership Against HIV/AIDS, Tuberculosis, and
Malaria Reauthorization Act of 2008 (Public Law 110–293), the Global AIDS and
Tuberculosis Relief Act of 2000 (Public Law 106–264), and the International
Malaria Control Act of 2000 (Public Law 106–570); and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H084B7D8A95AA47589BD7431812DB86EB"><enum>(2)</enum><text>contribute to the
Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria and the GAVI
Alliance.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H59078E8CD6F84DB68BD3373769F50904"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Other laws
superseded</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The President may
exercise the authority of subsection (b) notwithstanding any other provision of
law, except the United States Leadership Against HIV/AIDS, Tuberculosis, and
Malaria Act of 2003 (Public Law 108–25), as amended by this Act.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H7534FD63742B4185BF5A26C0659E85BC"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Coordination</header><text>Assistance
provided under the authorities of this section or the United States Leadership
Against HIV/AIDS, Tuberculosis, and Malaria Act of 2003 (Public Law 108–25)
shall be coordinated with all other health-related programs under this chapter
and chapter 6, and shall be included in the Global Health Strategy required
under section 1303.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="H2013FFB5FC084567A641EC816B559F84"><enum>1322.</enum><header>Assistance to
combat neglected tropical diseases</header>
<subsection id="HCB953BF025F743309541D8A4DCA9DDC0"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Findings</header><text>Congress
finds that—</text>
<paragraph id="H8E2619227D974DAAA45435A2C2DDA59E"><enum>(1)</enum><text>more than
1,000,000,000 people worldwide suffer from one or more painful, debilitating
tropical diseases, which disproportionately impact poor and rural populations,
cause severe sickness and disability, compromise mental and physical
development, contribute to childhood malnutrition, reduce school enrollment,
and hinder economic productivity;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H61C5060473FF450EB30F7931C8F9D847"><enum>(2)</enum><text>many of these
neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) can be controlled and treated by providing
safe and effective drug treatments, improving access to clean water and
improved sanitation, and promoting good hygiene practices for individuals in
affected communities; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H6BBDDD0BBDCE4247B99B8ED316BE404E"><enum>(3)</enum><text>an integrated
approach to controlling NTDs will address a root cause of poverty that affects
a significant proportion of the world’s population.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HC348A560D921482295DEE3838E05C08A"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Authorization</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The Administrator is authorized to use
funds made available under this chapter for the prevention, treatment, control,
and elimination of, and research on, neglected tropical diseases.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="HF5F9A8B88F9047D9890721DE9E9E53DE"><enum>1323.</enum><header>Assistance for
disease prevention, control, and treatment</header>
<subsection id="H8D3562FA75AF402B92D09569A6946F60"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Findings</header><text>Congress
finds that—</text>
<paragraph id="HF584B3B56E3D47CEA5F2921E9FA31FA4"><enum>(1)</enum><text>infectious
diseases such as avian and pandemic influenza not only cause death and
debilitating illness in the countries where new strains originate, but can
quickly spread around the world;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H9C116A9DC77143E3AC5E47382A5DBC99"><enum>(2)</enum><text>the development
and spread of antimicrobial resistance threatens to undermine global efforts to
control tuberculosis and other bacterial diseases;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H74D3BC2ECF43404B9D30090511E1182B"><enum>(3)</enum><text>developing
countries are undergoing a rapid epidemiological transition from infectious
diseases such as diarrhea and pneumonia to noncommunicable diseases such as
cardiovascular disease, cancer and diabetes, which threatens to overwhelm their
strapped health systems and cripple their fragile economies;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HB4DD62832CC54BAD92EB9313DC9BF7B9"><enum>(4)</enum><text>mental health is
an important but frequently overlooked or stigmatized aspect of health that
requires effective and compassionate treatment and care;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H86FABA157B934D9595EAEFBCDDB0EE15"><enum>(5)</enum><text>improvement in the
capacity of developing countries to obtain and use good quality data for
surveillance and effective response to emerging health threats helps to protect
the health of United States citizens as well as that of local populations;
and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HBE1E68DF517B49C084AA1FA8AF546967"><enum>(6)</enum><text>disease-focused
interventions are most effective when they—</text>
<subparagraph id="HF168AAF09949459BBFE9598C3F4CE040"><enum>(A)</enum><text>reflect an
evidence-based approach;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HCAD275EACE434C948E27560C244CCCD7"><enum>(B)</enum><text>are integrated
across health programs through a common delivery platform; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H7B1EA29B45B64DE1BF720CA9B17DF010"><enum>(C)</enum><text>support increased
collaboration and coordination among country-level stakeholders, including
partner country governments, other public and private donors, and international
and nongovernmental organizations.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H7777418DBD98415DA2D9D2246C0B04D7"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Authorization</header><text>The
Administrator is authorized to use funds made available under this chapter to
provide assistance for the prevention, treatment, control, and elimination of,
and research on, infectious and noncommunicable diseases in partner
countries.</text>
</subsection></section></subchapter><subchapter id="H5ED325255BA64FB4AB9163ADC5343D6B"><enum>C</enum><header>Family planning
and reproductive health</header>
<section id="HE59C9F1D44B54344B2351856F74505F3"><enum>1331.</enum><header>Assistance for
family planning and reproductive health</header>
<subsection id="H245C4CA3E0154E1692381785103F8E32"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Findings</header><text>Congress
finds that—</text>
<paragraph id="H726A2C3A10624CA1B31D69565E437AD3"><enum>(1)</enum><text>reproductive
health care is essential to reducing poverty, improving living standards and
protecting human dignity;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H30C8F272B51347F1A939DA0B6EAB2738"><enum>(2)</enum><text>throughout much of
the world, the lack of access by women, particularly poor women, to
reproductive health care contributes to death and suffering, limits women’s
ability to make decisions that affect their lives, and undermines the efforts
of families to lift themselves out of poverty;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H513C01F00F294FAFA988FC0B63521EBB"><enum>(3)</enum><text>access to
reproductive health care, including voluntary family planning, has a direct and
important impact on child mortality, especially infant mortality;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HD48D47FF1B914B86A41B6A76C8963630"><enum>(4)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">closely spaced and ill-timed pregnancies
and births contribute to high infant mortality rates, and when mothers die as a
result of giving birth, their surviving infants have a greater risk of
mortality and poor health status;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H1F8884103BAF4C999FBDDE7128C60807"><enum>(5)</enum><text>in many developing
countries where there are few hospitals, few doctors, and poor transportation
systems, and where women are not highly valued, complications of labor often
result in death of the mother;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H3195BD54828F47F49C87DD6286A5CB90"><enum>(6)</enum><text>lack of
availability of emergency obstetric care, along with delays in seeking medical
attention, in reaching a medical facility, and in receiving medical care once
arriving at a facility, contribute to the development of obstetric fistula,
increasing the risk of death for both mother and child;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H0B81830E31F44B65914904F5672182E7"><enum>(7)</enum><text>voluntary family
planning allows women and couples to freely choose the number, timing and
spacing of pregnancies, giving families and individuals greater control over
their lives;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H80205C1B34254160AED920CFACEA493F"><enum>(8)</enum><text>young people are
particularly at risk of engaging in unsafe sexual practices, and should be
provided with clear and evidence-based information to help them make informed
decisions about their sexual and reproductive health and human rights,
including their right to be free from all forms of violence, coercion and
discrimination;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HE053B54F6B404BCFB040774CA85F3202"><enum>(9)</enum><text>practices such as
child marriage and female genital cutting can harm the health of young people
and deprive them of their dignity and human rights. Reproductive health care
can play an important role in educating people about the dangers of these
practices, and is often the entry point for identification of gender-based
violence and sexual abuse;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H414648E3FC8341ECAAB5E064549090C2"><enum>(10)</enum><text>integrating
reproductive health care, including voluntary family planning, with HIV
prevention programs is critical to combating HIV/AIDS, and can assist in
decreasing the stigma associated with a seropositive HIV status;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HE25E8515B4D041A5AAC6B8C2688C49D4"><enum>(11)</enum><text>integration of
reproductive health care with other health-care and related social services
increases the effectiveness and efficiency of the health system and meets
people’s needs for accessible, acceptable, convenient, client-centered
care;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H576815E8E9C745F9950188EFD1EE4853"><enum>(12)</enum><text>international
goals and targets for reducing poverty and improving maternal health require a
significant investment in family planning and reproductive health care;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HAD666E16EF214F16942A4441FEAC278B"><enum>(13)</enum><text>international
partnerships are required to provide adequate financing for family planning and
reproductive health care;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H28C3EA79D2BF4ED88DA8405CF8DAACE7"><enum>(14)</enum><text>cooperating with
multilateral and bilateral donors and the private sector can make commodities
such as antiretrovirals, maternal health equipment, and contraceptive supplies
more accessible for hard-to-reach populations; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H88A909CC8EC842B7B7796206BF62ABEC"><enum>(15)</enum><text>by investing in
reproductive health care, including voluntary family planning, the United
States can improve maternal and child health, lower HIV infection rates, reduce
poverty and hunger, advance girls’ education, promote gender equality, broaden
civic participation in the development process, and slow the depletion of
natural resources.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H53021F5876244EF09C9C9B420545BD9C"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Authorization</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The Administrator is authorized to use
funds made available under this chapter for reproductive health care programs,
including voluntary family planning, in partner countries.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="H0A4E920E6EBA4E55B41022B5B34C6EC0"><enum>1332.</enum><header>Reproductive
health care in emergencies</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">The
Administrator is authorized to use funds made available under this subchapter
and under subtitle B for programs to provide reproductive health care during
humanitarian emergencies and complex crises, including:</text>
<paragraph id="HEE8F1AD71A1047CB8723C08AB172D9A7"><enum>(1)</enum><text>Life-saving
priority activities set out in the Sphere Project’s Humanitarian Charter and
Minimum Standards in Disaster Response.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H1E2679F9288940A892B0C1DB5B591DD5"><enum>(2)</enum><text>Preventing sexual
violence and providing medical care and psychosocial services to survivors of
sexual violence.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HDCA0C42C9E414F18B27777CD2CC96697"><enum>(3)</enum><text>Voluntary family
planning for the duration of displacement.</text>
</paragraph></section></subchapter></chapter><chapter id="H9E161C1A13754EBC8CB5077BD0CBB4AD"><enum>4</enum><header>Expanding quality
education</header>
<section id="H2FAA74C784BE47139FC48F88CE201F7B"><enum>1401.</enum><header>Findings and
statement of policy</header>
<subsection id="H406643CE831B4009A34BC79C286A0B3B"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Findings</header><text>Congress
finds the following:</text>
<paragraph id="H22FE7D61174B4BBDB3F6E288A86723EE"><enum>(1)</enum><text>Education is a
basic human right, indispensable for human capacity development and poverty
eradication.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H36F244D745624712B13516516D383742"><enum>(2)</enum><text>Basic education is
fundamental to development. No country has reached sustained economic growth
without achieving near universal primary education.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H16B4FE523C3E4C6DA6DF235003360BE5"><enum>(3)</enum><text>Quality education
reduces poverty and inequity, lays the foundation for sound governance, civic
participation, and strong institutions, and equips people with the knowledge,
skills, and self-reliance they need to increase income and expand opportunities
for employment.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H3CAC11C4C8C94FA8B29FAF8F2395DFC1"><enum>(4)</enum><text>While developing
countries bear the ultimate responsibility for educating their children, the
United States and others donors can and should do more to help developing
countries address their education needs.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H5C0461AC42AC40B590E5F0B4E67E200B"><enum>(5)</enum><text>Investing in
girls’ education delivers substantial returns not only in educational
attainment but also in increasing women’s and household incomes, delaying the
start of sexual activity, reducing infant mortality, increasing women’s
political participation, spurring economic growth, and delaying
marriage.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H79B715356B3A476091B5DC526585FBA4"><enum>(6)</enum><text>Lack of access to
adequate housing, safe drinking water close to home, and to private latrines
near home and at school significantly impact girls’ attendance and retention at
school.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H4D8A23DB9E2949C5BE2B163986658B81"><enum>(7)</enum><text>Education can help
to protect children in conflict situations from physical harm, exploitation,
and sexual abuse, as well as to avoid the recruitment of children into armed
groups and gangs.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H68E2E964ED3B40C2A89B15C710BEFCF4"><enum>(8)</enum><text>The large number
of children who are not enrolled in school or who receive a poor quality
education not only results in a loss of human potential, but undermines
stability and progress within communities and across nations.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HE2C16CDC6C104194A290D974DE31362F"><enum>(9)</enum><text>Expanded access to
primary and secondary education will increase the need for qualified teachers,
and the demand for quality colleges and universities.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HFB84A9AF0D28451FBC076FC0846346EB"><enum>(10)</enum><text>Exchange programs
which bring citizens of developing countries to the United States for training,
while helpful in expanding individual opportunities for growth, will not by
themselves reach enough students and scholars to have a transformational effect
on the economies and human resources of developing countries.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H42AB362F45B145309E3DB014FADC8A55"><enum>(11)</enum><text>Partnerships
between educational institutions in the United States and developing countries
are an important means for sharing knowledge, experience and lessons learned
for the benefit of all students.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HDCAA7FB012C341C891A62441EE674629"><enum>(12)</enum><text>Resources to
expand global education will be most effective and efficient if they are
transparent, increase coordination among governments, private sector and civil
society, support national plans and hold all stakeholders accountable.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H7918E7C8D32141CB8F070485246798DB"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Statement of
policy</header><text>It is the policy of the United States to work in
cooperation with the international community to achieve quality universal basic
education.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="H0E173A0123134D709D4CF13E0094F7ED"><enum>1402.</enum><header>Goal and
objectives</header>
<subsection id="H57A41998F0C94E4D811BE467D6ACB5B3"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Goal</header><text>The
goal of assistance under this chapter is to increase access to quality
education in partner countries.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H89D8AF1CFC5B4E359AFD3BA97B409DE7"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Objectives</header><text>In
furtherance of the goal of subsection (a), assistance under this chapter shall
be designed to help partner countries achieve the following objectives:</text>
<paragraph id="H8995FACE8C5D4EF8AAFF6F80D868C275"><enum>(1)</enum><text>Expanding access
to basic education for all children, particularly marginalized and vulnerable
groups.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H0A83EED5422F4DEFB0D5DE24431D0D21"><enum>(2)</enum><text>Improving the
quality of basic education.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HF85B3ABCFC1B458B9BA66DFDE17682A3"><enum>(3)</enum><text>Raising adult
literacy, especially for women.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H642CA68DA1F8488E8FF82AFEB1CD1C92"><enum>(4)</enum><text>Reducing gender
disparities in primary and secondary education.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H1BF33DF6B33548A9BD2D10B513ADD562"><enum>(5)</enum><text>Strengthening
higher education partnerships and networks.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section id="HBB0D9EEE735C407FB7913611A98A6F98"><enum>1403.</enum><header>Global
education strategy</header>
<subsection id="HA98724296F524CDFA38E94BE22208F45"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>The strategy required under section 1019 with respect to
expanding education shall be known as the <quote>Global Education
Strategy</quote>.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HC462617960234961B7613D33FD7FF705"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Contents</header><text>The
Global Education Strategy shall include, in addition to the elements required
under section 1019(b), plans for achieving the goal and objectives of section
1402.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HEE7A210499764F06BCBF5B9E5B9A06BB"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Guidelines</header><text>The
Global Education Strategy should—</text>
<paragraph id="H4D1405AA65C541E8B92A74937B9AE96C"><enum>(1)</enum><text>contribute to
meeting internationally agreed education goals and targets;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HC2AFD97C8CD94E0DBD7E81379AC80993"><enum>(2)</enum><text>be directly
responsive to partner country needs, capacity, and commitment, strengthen
partner countries’ educational systems, and be coordinated, where possible,
with national education plans;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H8285274AF0414090B4F86A03D0A7927F"><enum>(3)</enum><text>pay particular
attention to expanding educational opportunities for marginalized and
vulnerable groups, including girls, children affected by or emerging from armed
conflict or humanitarian crises, disabled children, children in remote or rural
areas, religious or ethnic minorities, indigenous peoples, orphans and children
impacted by HIV/AIDS, child laborers, and victims of trafficking;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H6F11D8D05360416EA079D4A87909CAF5"><enum>(4)</enum><text>identify ways to
reduce the adverse impact of HIV/AIDS on education systems;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HC741FE1A12444DB7ACF3DF223F279946"><enum>(5)</enum><text>address the
challenges posed by large numbers of out-of-school, unemployed youth;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HCA109961F3CD4CE7A505607F2034B3B5"><enum>(6)</enum><text>encourage and
integrate contributions of strategic direction and financial resources from
local and international private sector and civil society organizations,
including organizations that represent teachers, students, and parents,
interested in supporting quality universal basic education efforts;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H381D30A34E7949918EC33C4F2F418781"><enum>(7)</enum><text>outline plans for
ensuring a transition and continuity of educational activities in countries
affected by or emerging from armed conflict or humanitarian crises;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HAC94B58580AB4FDB8676198FE63058DD"><enum>(8)</enum><text>expand
public-private partnerships in order to leverage resources;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H4DB74C522AF24EF5B15DFF2403C4AB61"><enum>(9)</enum><text>promote gender
equity and improve educational opportunities for women and girls, and strive to
ensure safe schools, equal access, workforce opportunities, leadership role
development, and the preservation of dignity and respect;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H0DC03925B9034EC0A39CC0B1ED946D25"><enum>(10)</enum><text>explain how basic
education, higher education, vocational and technical education, literacy
instruction, and other formal and nonformal training will be integrated with
other activities under this title; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HD6ADA86CFDB8493BAEB3D66AEB8BFE8B"><enum>(11)</enum><text>address the
problem of financing education.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section id="H67E4AC5AB9B84323A08FF70A929C7EE6"><enum>1404.</enum><header>Basic
education assistance</header>
<subsection id="HD54A3106EA404B9E88D26977F8FD0746"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Authorization</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The Administrator is authorized to use
funds made available under section 1015 for basic education in accordance with
the goal and objectives of this chapter.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H582C028C7C3643F9BC34668CBA9EE31E"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Activities</header><text>Assistance
authorized under subsection (a) shall include—</text>
<paragraph id="HBE140B30E973403FBE6853C3DE7209EA"><enum>(1)</enum><text>increasing the
supply of trained quality teachers, and building systems for the continuing
support, training and professional development of all educators;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HB385C8F45D3040FFACDA3C992A7C960E"><enum>(2)</enum><text>developing and
implementing effective, relevant curricula;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H2455A517BCC5413EBDC37763A2CEFB2F"><enum>(3)</enum><text>building the
institutional capacity of a country to manage basic education systems and
measure results;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H48049479F272487DB7980CFC05B5AF49"><enum>(4)</enum><text>increasing parent
and community involvement in schools;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H3F7DFB6E11F14AF99E192CD9ABAA6A84"><enum>(5)</enum><text>providing learning
materials;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H6E02794B68ED44889E2B239D04402D61"><enum>(6)</enum><text>working with
communities to achieve equity in schools and address gender norms to build
support for girls’ education;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HCF09865D477C44A685CA74897E8CE029"><enum>(7)</enum><text>promoting the
development and effective use of systems for data collection, monitoring and
evaluation of student-learning outcomes;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H5F374F05E5DB4C6D8E1F3292182DB3EC"><enum>(8)</enum><text>improving and
expanding educational infrastructure;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HEFD4501762EF4FF482531090E8ECEB7C"><enum>(9)</enum><text>reducing or
eliminating fees for tuition, uniforms and school materials, as well as other
barriers to school attendance, for poor and marginalized children;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HBE1403E5F33240A4B31636D3FBE59832"><enum>(10)</enum><text>improving young
children’s capacity to learn through early childhood development
programs;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HD48FB1D492D04E7287EC8C063F77E663"><enum>(11)</enum><text>supporting
interventions that increase school attendance and performance, such as
scholarships, school lunch, school health, and water and sanitation
programs;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HE45B1CC718F641C8AEC9F8E185ACAC30"><enum>(12)</enum><text>ensuring that
schools are not incubators for violent extremism;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HD1C981C593BF43948086EDF199502C63"><enum>(13)</enum><text>providing life
skills training and civic education, including on human rights, gender equity,
and conflict resolution;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H9A4829030D414BCFAC3DA44CDB08C1F9"><enum>(14)</enum><text>making schools
safe and secure places for learning, free of violence, harassment,
exploitation, or intimidation;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HD4703508AB39470786DE9722C4387F6E"><enum>(15)</enum><text>increasing access
to education, improving learning outcomes and increasing educational
opportunities for the most disadvantaged populations;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HE2DE01A06A9F4F99AC4465BC17A72C88"><enum>(16)</enum><text>ensuring
continuation or reestablishment of educational programs and the provision of
safe spaces for children in areas of armed conflict or humanitarian
crisis;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HEB546D51C54445B988C171345D779996"><enum>(17)</enum><text>increasing the
relevance of formal education systems to the needs of the poor and to
disaffected youth, through reform of curricula, teaching materials, and
teaching methods, and improved teacher training;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HA5F75C1D67B746C9B4E21C2DA989094C"><enum>(18)</enum><text>expanding
vocational and entrepreneurship skills and opportunities, especially for
out-of-school youth, in close linkage with the private sector and in response
to market needs;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H0A393EED27994905B23CF396CA2F4B3D"><enum>(19)</enum><text>supporting
multilateral coordination and financing initiatives for education; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HE2508BA53282435D9D8717620F7E559F"><enum>(20)</enum><text>promoting the
value of education and increasing community and family awareness of the
positive impact of education.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HB08F55149E924649AE72E5BD45F5DBA0"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Definition</header><text>In
this chapter, the term <term>basic education</term> means an education,
generally consisting of completion of 9–10 years of schooling, including
efforts to improve early childhood development, primary education, secondary
education, literacy and numeracy training, and life-skills training that
prepares an individual to be an active, productive member of society and the
workforce.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="H0A700067BB5C44CDAA354185DED3A1E9"><enum>1405.</enum><header>Higher
education partnerships</header>
<subsection id="HC7EBFB7FAC7D4185AA80E1650FDCE9C5"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Findings</header><text>Congress
finds that—</text>
<paragraph id="H54B0BB210FBB4263901A17C16FE3403E"><enum>(1)</enum><text>basic and higher
education are interrelated and together play a critical role in reducing
poverty, promoting economic growth, strengthening democracy, stemming
corruption, alleviating ethnic tensions, and enhancing stability;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H9DC6C435634C4F088C1EC3683462B057"><enum>(2)</enum><text>higher education
institutions foster critical thinking, scientific discovery, entrepreneurship
and innovation in local communities as well as at the national and
international level;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HE08F9A7F9EFE445BB6DED3600418C9E4"><enum>(3)</enum><text>higher education
is essential for developing human capacity to create the next generation of
political, professional and business leadership, build an effective and
accountable civil service, improve the quality and availability of social
services, and strengthen the rule of law;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HDFC42BE7C0ED49AE958F867D046B55CA"><enum>(4)</enum><text>partnerships
between institutions of higher education in the United States and developing
countries can—</text>
<subparagraph id="H09ABA641D40C4ABFB433DCB976AC42A8"><enum>(A)</enum><text>increase the
quality and availability of, and access to, higher education for secondary
school graduates;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H01164AD435EA41FF8DD52FD67B2967A1"><enum>(B)</enum><text>support the
professional development of faculty and staff, strengthen institutional and
financial management, and streamline administrative procedures;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H8A8D26C64DF94DBF97B5F32B995EEF00"><enum>(C)</enum><text>expand course
offerings, academic resources and research opportunities for students and
faculty;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HA07FEB6782CC4F1F81B61E31F271600B"><enum>(D)</enum><text>foster continuing
professional relationships that build international understanding and
collaboration; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H5A4CA9C948CE416986C65E2DF02D579C"><enum>(E)</enum><text>facilitate the
sharing of knowledge, the identification of common research interests and
challenges, and the resolution of complex problems; and</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="HF22F8260353F49DDA45265D16E391247"><enum>(5)</enum><text>partnerships
between businesses and higher education institutions in developing countries
can help to meet the significant and growing demand for business professionals
within both the private and public sectors in developing countries.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H151329AAEE564A17866EA1EF52ABA6E3"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Statement of
policy</header><text>It is the policy of the United States to encourage the
expansion and strengthening of higher education in developing countries,
through partnerships with educational institutions, businesses, and nonprofit
organizations in the United States.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H23A6DBCBA42F484B90CE79F8F721AA2F"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Authorization</header><text>The
Administrator is authorized to use assistance made available under this chapter
to expand and strengthen institutions of higher education in developing
countries through partnerships with—</text>
<paragraph id="HE7F625F2C48B4A42994F9791A03BD272"><enum>(1)</enum><text>institutions of
higher education in the United States;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H24BF6F86D2AF4A69ABCA767507C0BFEE"><enum>(2)</enum><text>businesses in the
United States;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HA14F05962FC64F2D99A015A95725698E"><enum>(3)</enum><text>nonprofit
organizations with experience in the areas of academic institution-building and
entrepreneurial and managerial development; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HA0EB1B94751D41C39750F3C016170DFA"><enum>(4)</enum><text>international
organizations.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H9EB61B8359E246D19BC8AEB36EA4713E"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Activities</header><text>Assistance
provided under subsection (c) shall include—</text>
<paragraph id="HC1160936E5DA4A8F9A07A41B0D7F073D"><enum>(1)</enum><text>building the
capacity of higher education institutions in partner countries;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H8AAF969CC08E45D19E667853A6B2B363"><enum>(2)</enum><text>developing
academic programs and centers of excellence in areas critical to the partner
country’s economic development; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H76C1B3D2B3764A5EB21B245ADFE86AF3"><enum>(3)</enum><text>improving the
quality and availability of, and access to, higher education for students in
partner countries.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section></chapter><chapter id="H06D67E15C8CE49FEB0F4BE7B33513BA4"><enum>5</enum><header>Protecting and
restoring the natural environment</header>
<section id="H3AFD74E0B21A4CF18841CA2E9E05D9BE"><enum>1501.</enum><header>Findings and
statement of policy</header>
<subsection id="HBAB944D99BC24C4B91176ADAAB51BDA8"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Findings</header><text>Congress
finds the following:</text>
<paragraph id="H44D72024FB6B494D9F765A6EDAF757F9"><enum>(1)</enum><text>Sound natural
resource management, healthy levels of species diversity, and functioning
natural ecosystems are vital to sustainably reducing poverty in developing
countries.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H2112B469AE374B698A1673A2B02B3E4A"><enum>(2)</enum><text>Natural
ecosystems, when properly managed, provide economic value to local communities
in the form of water, food, medicine, energy, household products, tourism and
trade, as well as contributing to the global common good.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H4966F037829346FCA3D6A939FCE33070"><enum>(3)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Nature provides important services for
human well-being. For example, forests, floodplains, and wetlands are a natural
bulwark against catastrophic flooding and severe drought, and coral reefs and
mangroves reduce the impact of large storms on coastal populations, thereby
reducing damages from extreme weather and the need for disaster
assistance.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HCE7A5196B9A84B13A7DAA3AA1F7B5092"><enum>(4)</enum><text>Natural ecosystems
serve as a buffer between wildlife and human populations, minimizing the
transmission of highly infectious diseases from animals to people.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H54968FC079BF4F4A8E94AEFE0D7EC035"><enum>(5)</enum><text>Many of the most
commonly prescribed medicines in the United States are derived directly from
natural compounds or patterned after them. The preservation of natural areas
and wild species offers the world a rich source of potential cures and
treatments for disease and pain.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HC42B68CBB73249479B0EE1210A34EE7A"><enum>(6)</enum><text>The survival of
many animal and plant species is endangered by poaching and excessive
harvesting, by the presence of toxic chemicals in water, air and soil, and by
the destruction of habitats.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HA6EC74A9C0374622B1A503C7D5A7485C"><enum>(7)</enum><text>Degradation of
land and water resources impedes efforts to improve agricultural productivity,
which will be critical to feeding the world’s growing population and is a key
engine of economic growth in developing countries.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HB0F70C967EFE4F07B80862D52D9F9C25"><enum>(8)</enum><text>The construction
of dams and expansion in biofuel production in developing countries without the
necessary environmental safeguards or consultation with the local populations
threatens the sustainability of aquatic ecosystems and the services they
provide for purifying, storing, and delivering water.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H0ADDDDA5189E43C49625F637DA01FD0B"><enum>(9)</enum><text>The continuing and
accelerating alteration, destruction, and loss of forests and other natural
habitats in developing countries can result in—</text>
<subparagraph id="H82C11019B2E74B4AAEF3B2C66A475D6E"><enum>(A)</enum><text>shortages of
fuel;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HB5F719CFE21E40C49DBF118BBB91782A"><enum>(B)</enum><text>loss of
biologically productive wetlands;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H18EB53EA5BAF442182C9D1EDF024B4BC"><enum>(C)</enum><text>siltation of
lakes, reservoirs, and irrigation systems;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H17FEEB237BD3429780E841BA054ADDF9"><enum>(D)</enum><text>floods, soil
erosion and landslides;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HD9442FA906EB4AAC8DC0BCF924D3E921"><enum>(E)</enum><text>decimation and
dislocation of indigenous peoples;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HD53ED2AF89314A8CA56FFD6F46A23CC6"><enum>(F)</enum><text>extinction of
plant and animal species;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HE4B7D00462CF46F09D0329DBD41CC8AC"><enum>(G)</enum><text>reduced capacity
for food production;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H6E27D533F2214C35A7350C7E30C0365B"><enum>(H)</enum><text>loss of genetic
resources;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H3991BD7D168B4A18A6095ADCA58B5625"><enum>(I)</enum><text>desertification;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H76FC747483564F9BB39AE6B324F2F88E"><enum>(J)</enum><text>increased
greenhouse gas emissions; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H67E85D6C2F814A45A6DDB8BFF01ADC70"><enum>(K)</enum><text>destabilization of
the earth’s climate.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H7667928F35854D729D174847BD138126"><enum>(10)</enum><text>Women often are
especially vulnerable to the impact of natural resource degradation and climate
change because they produce most of the food and collect most of the water and
firewood in many countries.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HF221B5B95F134C55B381EDF65987E1D3"><enum>(11)</enum><text>Mismanagement and
unregulated exploitation of natural resources has fueled conflict and
corruption in many developing countries.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HC633CBA0B8E1431FAF0579A13B5DBFD9"><enum>(12)</enum><text>Illicit trade in
natural resources not only robs poor countries of valuable economic and
environmental resources, but often perpetrates political instability and human
rights abuses, including sexual violence and the use of children as soldiers,
bonded labor and sex slaves.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HE2195CD8F15C4A2082BEB1D255772ECE"><enum>(13)</enum><text>Illegal logging,
fishing, and mining in developing countries flood the international market with
low-cost products that undercut the competitiveness of responsible companies in
the United States.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HB59CDD0A188A46479AD2D0FFA5D58460"><enum>(14)</enum><text>Economic growth
generally raises energy consumption, and often results in increased emissions
of greenhouse gases as well as greater pollution of air, land, and
water.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H90558CDFA6E646A893CC2107411DBC90"><enum>(15)</enum><text>If current trends
in the degradation of natural resources in developing countries continue, they
will severely undermine the best efforts to meet basic human needs, to achieve
sustained economic growth, and to prevent international tension and
conflict.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HB06D3EC0E3154573902010B5B9A78986"><enum>(16)</enum><text>Animals,
including livestock, companion animals, and wildlife, are important to human
economic, environmental, and social development as well as to human quality of
life. Animals and the people who depend upon them in developing countries will
be particularly vulnerable to climate-related natural disasters unless
adaptation and mitigation measures are utilized.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H2430DADCD3B74F6C8785F1797BF27C3E"><enum>(17)</enum><text>The world faces
enormous, urgent, and complex challenges in conserving and protecting natural
resources while fostering economic development, requiring extensive and
sustained cooperation between the United States, developing countries and the
international community as a whole.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HDF393DACEDAB4E7498FD3DB8DFB58369"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Statement of
policy</header><text>It is the policy of the United States to work in
cooperation with the international community to reduce biodiversity loss and
the degradation of natural ecosystems, adapt to and mitigate climate change,
and integrate principles of environmental sustainability into policies and
programs for international development.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="HEB3A33A1960D478CBC9EDD4F9852A958"><enum>1502.</enum><header>Goal and
objectives</header>
<subsection id="HD6A7BD992E9343F58BFE4D48B8DB7D5F"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Goal</header><text>The
goal of assistance under this chapter is to help partner countries maximize the
environmental sustainability of their development policies and programs.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H623301AD566B41279D13D2A1D379B22F"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Objectives</header><text>In
furtherance of the goal described in subsection (a), assistance under this
chapter shall be designed to help partner countries achieve the following
objectives:</text>
<paragraph id="HB243FCE0A3524929918EDE94E0EA262D"><enum>(1)</enum><text>Protecting and
restoring natural ecosystems.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H6FA4159CDCD14CFF8C231362FB3386E8"><enum>(2)</enum><text>Conserving
biological diversity.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H7899365C9EAC46D8B731BB443858A733"><enum>(3)</enum><text>Mitigating and
adapting to climate change.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H02E4B8B0336A49AA80D57469029F2E6F"><enum>(4)</enum><text>Reducing pollution
of air, land and water.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HE6B18615EB964F04BE894CB60A59413C"><enum>(5)</enum><text>Increasing energy
efficiency.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H5475A8E228AA495DA139A9FA9F5BF502"><enum>(6)</enum><text>Expanding access
to clean, renewable energy sources and technologies.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HF7D4FC596CF14AE4BAAC992D602783A6"><enum>(7)</enum><text>Building capacity
for sound natural resource management.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H1C78CADDBF984FDC81FE27E6DC8DA02D"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Implementation</header><text>Assistance
under this chapter should be implemented in a manner that—</text>
<paragraph id="HDD271725D6314C43A4D863CDB5C23FD0"><enum>(1)</enum><text>incorporates and
aligns with partner country strategies, plans and priorities;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H8D77CC90D79648A1B30BCEE94F6F1CD1"><enum>(2)</enum><text>gives due regard
to the rights and interests of local and forest-dependent communities,
indigenous peoples, and marginalized and vulnerable social groups, and ensures
their full and effective participation in all stages of program planning,
implementation, and evaluation; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H5455028947584EE1885FFB038300B654"><enum>(3)</enum><text>promotes and
integrates women’s empowerment and gender equality.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section id="H62C8792897924BE7B012DA0CEDADE3CF"><enum>1503.</enum><header>Global
conservation strategy</header>
<subsection id="HC4A31964756A4666A60EEF3D78B1A2C0"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>The strategy required under section 1019 with respect to
protecting and restoring the natural environment shall be known as the
<quote>Global Conservation Strategy</quote>.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HD048652480B24F8687B2038EAE975DBC"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Contents</header><text>The
Global Conservation Strategy shall include, in addition to the elements
required under section 1019(b), plans for achieving the goal and objectives of
section 1502.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HEB69F74915D648E4A644E7014C92C956"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Guidelines</header><text>The
Global Conservation Strategy should—</text>
<paragraph id="HE47025EE741C4B538A1BE0CFE7400AE8"><enum>(1)</enum><text>establish priority
countries, regions or natural ecosystems for reducing environmental
degradation;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H806D996A4A9E4692A24F9FB699906471"><enum>(2)</enum><text>identify the
economic, health, and conflict-prevention benefits to be achieved through
implementation of the strategy;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H17765B5FDD7C47EABC673702630F4AAE"><enum>(3)</enum><text>establish policy
guidance to link investments in specific conservation programs to the broader
goals of reducing poverty and alleviating human suffering, and to integrate
environmental goals into country-based and sector-based strategies;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H7593BFF42B8B40989A703AF9F9590EDC"><enum>(4)</enum><text>identify and
improve United States policies that affect the conservation of critical natural
resources and biodiversity abroad;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HFE93190778B247A78F76A450DA344554"><enum>(5)</enum><text>seek to encourage
and leverage participation from the private sector, other donor governments,
governments of developing countries, international financial institutions, and
other international organizations to implement the strategy;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HE95A2B600D134DE59B7095A67B202ADE"><enum>(6)</enum><text>address the
anticipated effects of climate change on highly vulnerable communities and
populations and on the achievement of key objectives; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H903EE538428047E3B7A2453CEE3E130E"><enum>(7)</enum><text>include a review
of all executive orders and regulations that may have an impact on the
strategy.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section id="H4F7012977B914658A854892858EEE175"><enum>1504.</enum><header>Assistance for
environmental sustainability</header>
<subsection id="HEF0A65BD5C9944A58DC0FEF22C351CB6"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Authorization</header><text>The
Administrator is authorized to use funds made available under section 1015 to
further the goal and objectives of this chapter in partner countries.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HE740D868EEB24142AE125DC2F4038CCC"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Activities</header><text>Assistance
provided under subsection (a) shall include the following:</text>
<paragraph id="H0B87CB0F8F5F40B5BA3456A3F69CB417"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Protecting and
restoring natural ecosystems</header>
<subparagraph id="H82C67591A52841B1AA7520807023E29B"><enum>(A)</enum><text>Conserving,
sustainably managing, and restoring natural ecosystems.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HC6452C6425524AA797A1DE4C85F64E80"><enum>(B)</enum><text>Establishing,
restoring, protecting, and maintaining protected areas, parks and
reserves.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H1752D438B73C4AEAB66604A6EE2805A6"><enum>(C)</enum><text>Developing and
improving governance structures, resource rights and responsibilities, and land
use planning to reduce degradation, destruction, and illegal use of natural
ecosystems.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H02560AD31A0444F6AAA9F3F99A95D22A"><enum>(D)</enum><text>Reducing
greenhouse gas emissions from land use and land-use change, the destruction of
wetlands and peatlands and forestry, including deforestation and forest
degradation and enhancement of forest carbon stocks.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H2CC30B5DC19A4F7A9FD7A44B13EB11F1"><enum>(E)</enum><text>Studying and
assessing the economic value of natural ecosystems and their contributions to
addressing poverty-related issues.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H0532396B8ED64A3792457F7D68705C69"><enum>(F)</enum><text>Developing
alternatives and disincentives to destructive farming, fishing, and forestry
practices.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H3114EC1B1F794E149FBBBB9B132522F6"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Conserving
biological diversity</header>
<subparagraph id="H2665F545C8B7426CB6DB247A264BAB43"><enum>(A)</enum><text>Protecting and
maintaining wildlife and plant habitats, both land and sea.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H656C83BEC8924580ACB5E4267A3EBB6F"><enum>(B)</enum><text>Developing sound
wildlife management and plant conservation policies and programs at the local,
national, and international levels.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HAEA754E8DB404BC7AC40905BC51DF49C"><enum>(C)</enum><text>Identifying,
studying, and cataloging animal and plant species.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HA70CC505515C4183A7679DDD06351BDC"><enum>(D)</enum><text>Establishing
effective policies and regulations to reduce loss of biological
diversity.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H33DE691D4BA748FAAC5B474358CDCBCC"><enum>(E)</enum><text>Enacting and
enforcing anti-poaching measures, including through alternative livelihood
opportunities.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HEB6DA9ED187A4752B4BAA8F69964BF70"><enum>(F)</enum><text>Educating local
communities, including civil society organizations, governments and
intermediate representative institutions, about the importance and benefits of
conserving biological diversity.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="HD9E91C956DF341DD831851899F5497B6"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Mitigating and
adapting to climate change</header>
<subparagraph id="HAE5521CB609C47FEA3FFDB477BE88AFA"><enum>(A)</enum><text>Researching and
assessing climatological and socioeconomic factors to identify and prioritize
vulnerable populations and natural ecosystems and likely impacts.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H788F41538A4A4B5B8E04F825B2C9C7A1"><enum>(B)</enum><text>Developing
national and regional climate change adaptation and mitigation plans.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HEF3B659964274FC8AECE8B434D0ADA69"><enum>(C)</enum><text>Planning,
financing and implementing adaptation programs and activities.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HD8AB7807E6D84B33ACAC815B7C39786A"><enum>(D)</enum><text>Increasing
resilience to and preparedness for climate change and its impacts among highly
vulnerable communities and populations, including through capacity
building.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H2FBD9CAC65AA4FF1BE1CCBF7B067D970"><enum>(E)</enum><text>Supporting the
identification and adoption of appropriate renewable and efficient energy
technologies.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H5720E8251F354FD1A25958EE77BE7E30"><enum>(4)</enum><header>Reducing
pollution of air, land and water</header>
<subparagraph id="H74306358B9D8492A8069AA640C26E912"><enum>(A)</enum><text>Monitoring,
regulating, and mitigating pollutants to air, land and water.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HFE8130B6AB304D7CA92C0BDD2C8AF008"><enum>(B)</enum><text>Designing,
promoting and utilizing clean technologies and practices.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H8DC5977DBB9445149DD0F4D9F756F979"><enum>(C)</enum><text>Increasing the
quality, quantity, and transparency of data regarding the monitoring,
regulation and mitigation of pollutants.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H8E320272D72A48C58F4C2D0A3BB7F24E"><enum>(D)</enum><text>Developing public
awareness campaigns and promoting civic participation in environmental
stewardship.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></subsection></section><section id="H1ACB2A3830594BF2845674936141A0C7"><enum>1505.</enum><header>Assistance for
sustainable energy and natural resource management</header>
<subsection id="H25A21958612C4A37A4D817C9AE03EB28"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Findings</header><text>Congress
finds the following:</text>
<paragraph id="H53E5F697BDF64568B25B16C483105AAE"><enum>(1)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Access to energy is essential for economic
growth, public health, clean water, sanitation, transportation, communication,
agricultural activities, and the overall progress of developing
countries.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H0BA7C5676A484BFE9B59408C7282F471"><enum>(2)</enum><text>Many developing
countries lack access to the financial resources and technology necessary to
locate, explore, and develop indigenous natural resources.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HF1686351E14044FF85F60D7695EC53F4"><enum>(3)</enum><text>Black carbon
contributes to pollution, health concerns, and significantly warms the Earth’s
climate system by absorbing radiation, converting it into heat, and releasing
heat energy into the atmosphere.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HCE59A91D15E346AE9984CD78425C881F"><enum>(4)</enum><text>Clean, efficient
and renewable energy sources are vital to sustain economic growth and protect
human health.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HBDEC41146B3C4EF8B105A0DA6F4522FC"><enum>(5)</enum><text>Energy must be
accessible to the poor in order to ensure that basic human needs are
met.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H2D4FF5EC2E4D49ACABD3D6FF68F51DEE"><enum>(6)</enum><text>Title V of the
Nuclear Non-Proliferation Act of 1978 (22 U.S.C. 3261 et seq.) requires the
United States to work with developing countries in assessing and finding ways
to meet their energy needs through alternatives to nuclear energy that are
consistent with economic factors, material resources, and environmental
protection.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HBB77B29DADCB4E7F968154F2BD17C757"><enum>(7)</enum><text>Proper management
of natural resources can provide the basis for sustainable development while
the mismanagement and unregulated exploitation of natural resources has fueled
conflict and corruption in many countries around the world.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HC1924A5C3F7E48A8BD67DA26B2AB47D0"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Authorization</header><text>The
Administrator is authorized to use funds made available under this chapter for
programs to promote clean energy technologies, responsible stewardship of
natural resources, and reliable access by the poor to energy.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HC5956661A67E4D018A8DF98C1F5FCB34"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Activities</header><text>Assistance
authorized under subsection (b) shall include the following:</text>
<paragraph id="HB3454A1E5B4B4C3F83324BC3BCBB8610"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Increasing
energy efficiency</header>
<subparagraph id="HB89B380BC9184D159ED832243B6CB132"><enum>(A)</enum><text>Development of
sound national energy and electricity plans.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H06A3B8545786437AABFB9313FF530899"><enum>(B)</enum><text>Improving the
efficiency of electricity transmission, distribution, and consumption.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HF130EF909EC64AFA8D514F64974A6070"><enum>(C)</enum><text>Building local
capacity to monitor and regulate the energy sector.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H98330C842C9D489EAEA6D1DA8ABCE166"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Expanding access
to clean, renewable energy sources and technologies</header>
<subparagraph id="HDE51A4B121394F40B39A2F4B1229249C"><enum>(A)</enum><text>Improving the
availability of renewable electricity generation from wind, solar, sustainably
and locally produced biomass, geothermal, marine, or hydrokinetic
sources.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HB3E5D405030D46BB96F32AF0F9FE0D7A"><enum>(B)</enum><text>Expanding the
deployment of low or zero emission technologies.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HC094E3BD60154CE59F8265C52D5C9EEE"><enum>(C)</enum><text>Increasing access
to clean energy technologies, especially in rural areas.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H433D225B1ACB4499AA7F27B690687098"><enum>(D)</enum><text>Improving
transportation system and vehicle efficiency.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H300DC2A55C434FFBA5FBEE84C4E2C144"><enum>(E)</enum><text>Reducing black
carbon emissions, including through the use of clean cookstoves.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H00E66125AFDC4620A87F463D0B5C50AD"><enum>(F)</enum><text>Building local
capacity to operate, maintain and improve clean energy technologies.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H613417BE5B844887BCCB5F0F2BEB3022"><enum>(G)</enum><text>Mitigating the
impacts of energy alternatives on natural resources and natural
ecosystems</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H65E3847C03A646ACB39D65BB96A234DD"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Building
capacity for sound natural resource management</header>
<subparagraph id="H612EEC5831B94CD983B83E39A9AF202A"><enum>(A)</enum><text>Enhancing the
transparency of revenues generated from natural resource extraction.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HEF6EE5D8E6AD46A48991B9A21779CC2A"><enum>(B)</enum><text>Improving the
security of land tenure and property rights, especially for marginalized
groups.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HA576FF25D5DF48AB80AF7E075EC897B8"><enum>(C)</enum><text>Building local
capacity to assess, monitor, and regulate access to natural resources and to
evaluate the social and environmental effects of extraction.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H1F7A0D5A9B0C49228110457D726420D0"><enum>(D)</enum><text>Improving local
capacity to assess the value of environmental services.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></subsection></section><section id="HF1FCFDEE17334737AAF0C7B94142C3BB"><enum>1506.</enum><header>Environmental
restrictions</header>
<subsection id="HDB04AE432D1D452290B91635B177031C"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Restriction</header><text>Assistance
authorized under this subtitle shall not be provided for programs, projects,
and activities that—</text>
<paragraph id="H4D12E101E203462787BC6DA58197D9BD"><enum>(1)</enum><text>introduce invasive
and nonnative plant species;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HAA6D6FB54C08455E9CB23370CE605738"><enum>(2)</enum><text>cause the
destruction or degradation of existing natural ecosystems, natural parks, or
similar protected areas;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H940D494D29844890A4ADC6C2D648FFA7"><enum>(3)</enum><text>result in or cause
a loss of biological diversity or adversely impact rare, threatened, or
endangered plant and animal species;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H064831141F79434EBB7CD17DFA48FF7C"><enum>(4)</enum><text>involve
destructive farming, fishing, and forest harvesting practices such as slash and
burn agriculture; or</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HDE5C8D7EF68548A887B046A7FCACA6B0"><enum>(5)</enum><text>provide for the
construction of dams or other water control structures that flood natural
ecosystems.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H751C13EAFBEC4111A3598A3710116792"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Waiver</header><text>The
Administrator may waive the restrictions contained in subsection (a) if the
Administrator determines and reports to the appropriate congressional
committees that—</text>
<paragraph id="H68C837E7B6BB4E1A9CFA9E8162561ACC"><enum>(1)</enum><text>the proposed
program, project, or activity is vital to improving the livelihoods of the
rural poor;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H1B062B9368994B478223389B0CADDCF6"><enum>(2)</enum><text>the proposed
program will be conducted in an environmentally sound manner that supports
sustainable development; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HF31D3DA0869442048B2DCD56D94E2252"><enum>(3)</enum><text>appropriate
mitigation activities will be undertaken.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section id="HD1A74CF7D9A4467A9F1BFB226585239C"><enum>1507.</enum><header>Environmental
impact statements and assessments</header>
<subsection id="HBFFA36CCE8084B76A9F14390E97D3BE8"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>In implementing programs, projects, and activities under
this subtitle, the Administrator shall take fully into account the impact of
such programs and projects upon the environment and natural resources of
developing countries.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HA4685DEADBCE475AA885852FA93B4CA2"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Required
statements and assessments</header><text>Subject to such procedures as the
Administrator considers appropriate, the Administrator shall require that all
agencies and officials responsible for programs, projects, and activities under
this subtitle prepare and take fully into account—</text>
<paragraph id="HCB0D0F80D53A41BF91B8D0E0D893E9BA"><enum>(1)</enum><text>an environmental
impact statement for any proposed program, project, or activity significantly
affecting the environment of the global commons outside the jurisdiction of any
country, the environment of the United States, or other aspects of the
environment which the Administrator may specify; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H4FD3EF12275340B78F8780B499CC5741"><enum>(2)</enum><text>an environmental
assessment of any proposed program, project, or activity significantly
affecting the environment of any foreign country.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HCB60228BD2B44CC5AD2779AB8D52CA85"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Matters To be
included</header><text>Environmental impact statements and environmental
assessments undertaken pursuant to subsection (b) shall include—</text>
<paragraph id="H56A91997F29344D6B7C19CE0D25DEE9E"><enum>(1)</enum><text>recommendations
for possible alternatives and mitigation measures;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HAF15F0B1511F4160BA17993092C3DA22"><enum>(2)</enum><text>an estimate of
greenhouse gas emissions attributable to the program, project, or activity;
and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HEF7C46BCDAB2456C8FFB1D36CB918FD0"><enum>(3)</enum><text>a
special review of any project that will emit more than 100,000 tons of carbon
dioxide.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H9D021AAF25344C93A81B5F19200699D0"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Local technical
resources</header><text>Environmental impact statements and environmental
assessments undertaken pursuant to paragraph (b) should, to the maximum extent
feasible, use local technical resources.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H8B7183207AFF453A84056833F7FE6D4E"><enum>(e)</enum><header>Exceptions</header><text>The
Administrator may establish exceptions from the requirements of this section
for emergency conditions and for cases in which the Administrator determines
that compliance with those requirements would be seriously detrimental to the
foreign policy interests of the United States.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H1462432D589446A399896F5A34F4EC2D"><enum>(f)</enum><header>Public
availability</header>
<paragraph id="H2E21D54C21A042EAAE009EAF23BF5230"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In the united
states</header><text>All environmental impact statements and environmental
assessments shall be published on the Internet website of the Agency not later
than 30 days following their completion, and may be accompanied by the Agency’s
response to the findings therein.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H54F913D4568445E0A00E4672C81D2D85"><enum>(2)</enum><header>In affected
countries</header><text>To the extent feasible, all environmental assessments
shall be translated into the local language(s) of the affected communities and
made available to the partner government, local and international
nongovernmental organizations, and affected communities.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section id="H64C031091F8E47DA9ADF274669C100B0"><enum>1508.</enum><header>Definitions</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">In this chapter:</text>
<paragraph id="H866683F142C44617AFC06D0EB3964AAD"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Natural
ecosystem</header><text>The term <term>natural ecosystem</term> means a dynamic
set of living organisms, including plants, animals, and microorganisms
interacting among themselves and with the environment in which they live, and
includes tropical forests, freshwater, coastal, estuarian and fisheries
habitats, coral reefs, natural grasslands, and mangrove forests.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H18CEB827077245F5A54430B19AA93B34"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Greenhouse
gas</header><text>The term <term>greenhouse gas</term> means carbon dioxide,
methane, nitrous oxide, sulfur hexafluoride, hydrofluorocarbons emitted from a
chemical manufacturing process at an industrial stationary source, any
perfluorocarbon, nitrogen trifluoride, any other anthropogenic gas designated
as a greenhouse gas by the Administrator for purposes of this chapter.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HDF856AD945CC4E80BDB85BBF592DE116"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Highly
vulnerable communities and populations</header><text>The term <term>highly
vulnerable communities and populations</term> means communities and populations
that are at risk of substantial adverse impacts of climate change and have
limited capacity to respond to such impacts, including impoverished
communities, children, women, and indigenous peoples.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H86CE9E17DA6C4662A6064F26AD696235"><enum>(4)</enum><header>Most vulnerable
developing countries</header><text>The term <term>most vulnerable developing
countries</term> means, as determined by the Administrator, developing
countries that are at risk of substantial adverse impacts of climate change and
have limited capacity to respond to such impacts, considering the approaches
included in any international treaties and agreements.</text>
</paragraph></section></chapter><chapter id="HD5FE63C7A12D47808AD9C3713C9CB4CD"><enum>6</enum><header>Improving access
to safe water, sanitation, and housing</header>
<section id="HDCDC66195A6B46E7968A6D17B028E96D"><enum>1601.</enum><header>Findings and
statement of policy</header>
<subsection id="HBC442EF07756424EB5CC6E9FDB8BF98E"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Findings</header><text>Congress
finds the following:</text>
<paragraph id="H4EDA20AE843E4280A2F953385E65AC72"><enum>(1)</enum><text>Clean water and
sanitation are among the most powerful drivers for human development. They
extend opportunity, enhance dignity, and help create a virtuous cycle of
improving health and rising wealth.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H1846E45AEBE748679E93C9FC97785709"><enum>(2)</enum><text>Unsafe drinking
water, inadequate sanitation, and unsuitable and unhygienic living conditions
exact an enormous toll on human health in developing countries, particularly
for infants and children.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H4140BAD2F6634ED68162EB3E5FA36BE9"><enum>(3)</enum><text>Diseases linked to
unsafe water and poor sanitation, as well as the time and energy women often
devote to collecting water, significantly reduce economic productivity in less
developed countries and promote lifecycles of disadvantage.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H571E7DDAD62C4BA78D68AAD78F44487A"><enum>(4)</enum><text>Water scarcity has
negative consequences for agricultural productivity and food security, and
seriously threatens international ability to increase food production at the
rate required to meet the needs of the world’s growing population.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H446FB0E4187844CB9E920989B57D380A"><enum>(5)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The underlying cause of water scarcity in
the large majority of cases is institutional and political, and requires
sustainable and effective water resource management.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H9F583D207B5343C6B0B0B69B285C83FD"><enum>(6)</enum><text>Demand for water
resources has contributed to armed conflict in many parts of the world, while
conflict and civil strife often reduce access to clean water and sanitation for
displaced persons and other innocent victims.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HED54497BDF3B4E39A963035B8FBD0B2E"><enum>(7)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The continued degradation of watersheds
threatens the benefits that healthy natural systems provide, and on which
people rely.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HA8D382A775CE4AD5AD89E6D8E43123F7"><enum>(8)</enum><text>The effects of
climate change are expected to produce severe consequences for water
availability and resource management in many developing countries, which could
result in severe and chronic water shortages.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H65488F932CE9484CAB74D96D65C0A71E"><enum>(9)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Unsuitable and unhygienic living conditions
can exact a heavy toll on human health and productivity. Adequate housing is
often a precondition for the enjoyment of various civic and human rights,
including the rights to work, vote, obtain education, receive health care, and
access other social services.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H5F97B58E330A431B8AFD7E7650321101"><enum>(10)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Rapid urbanization and future population
growth are expected to exacerbate already limited access to water, as well as
to adequate housing.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H7D3D369727F946A7A9648E8B4D8A529B"><enum>(11)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Approximately half the world’s population
lives in cities, often in slums characterized by unsafe water, poor sanitation,
lack of basic services, overcrowding, inferior construction and insecure
tenure. Because slum populations are growing rapidly, they require increased
attention and better integrated programming.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H695DE3DD6D3C470C8BD8036BF7542ED8"><enum>(12)</enum><text>Inadequate laws,
policies and enforcement mechanisms to protect real property use, lease, and
ownership rights often subject slum dwellers to arbitrary, often supra-market
rents, forced evictions, threats, and harassment.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HDE902FB4E08749259B465ACFE2E169A6"><enum>(13)</enum><text>Insecurity of
tenure severely inhibits economic development by undermining investment
incentives and constraining the growth of credit markets, imperils the ability
of families to achieve sustainable livelihoods and assured access to housing,
and often contributes to conflict over property rights.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HBCE2086C8E4744BDA4881318A787C4CE"><enum>(14)</enum><text>Women are
affected disproportionately by forced evictions and insecure tenure as a result
of gender discrimination, often including gender-biased laws that define women
as legal minors or otherwise prevent them from owning or leasing land,
property, and housing, making them more vulnerable to poverty, violence, and
sexual abuse.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H16C3623EEE0C4C079763DEBBB4E15E09"><enum>(15)</enum><text>Expanding access
to clean water, sanitation, and housing is essential for reducing the global
burden of disease, advancing economic and social development, protecting basic
human rights, and mitigating sources of conflict.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HFE3C1E18267A4370A4C4697835775754"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Statement of
policy</header><text>It is the policy of the United States to recognize the
human right to water and adequate housing, and to work in cooperation with the
international community to ensure access to safe water, sanitation and adequate
housing for all people.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="HF8333DFA607540AF811E7FB1E2B7CDFF"><enum>1602.</enum><header>Goal and
objectives</header>
<subsection id="HF45809A2DC9443299312E384F9B91F38"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Goal</header><text>The
goal of assistance under this chapter is to improve living conditions and basic
human dignity for the world’s poorest people.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H1596D6943A82414FA94E2151E87941F8"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Objectives</header><text>In
furtherance of the goal of subsection (a), assistance under this chapter shall
be designed to help partner countries achieve the following objectives:</text>
<paragraph id="H78A49D059548450FB8E1616A938FCC5F"><enum>(1)</enum><text>Expanding access
to sufficient, safe, and affordable water for personal and domestic use.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H0BDDD71D99B945CE9A98787848697BD3"><enum>(2)</enum><text>Upgrading and
expanding basic sanitation.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H179BC31DE69741F5AF63BA7D329B0184"><enum>(3)</enum><text>Increasing access
to adequate housing.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H2460B463E4B843F0A1173AE36702B791"><enum>(4)</enum><text>Improving the
management of water and related resources for greater sustainability.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H97C266AAF97342FB95A046980FB3A0E8"><enum>(5)</enum><text>Enhancing planning
for sustainable urban development.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section id="HF4C2BA4362024DB0A6C777B81C3A70A7"><enum>1603.</enum><header>Global
strategy for water, sanitation and housing</header>
<subsection id="H114F300B1A1B44BD8445011E8CFE567D"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>The strategy required under section 1019 with respect to
improving access to safe water, sanitation, and housing shall be known as the
<quote>Global Water, Sanitation and Housing Strategy</quote>.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H5D89B8162D7B475EB037D9769A3A818B"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Contents</header><text>The
Global Water, Sanitation and Housing Strategy shall include, in addition to the
elements required under section 1019(b), plans for achieving the goal and
objectives of section 1602.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H62FA92052BEF45EA8A846EE99DAC75C1"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Guidelines</header><text>The
Global Water, Sanitation and Housing Strategy should—</text>
<paragraph id="H402EE113422D4A6F945AA273E4CDD487"><enum>(1)</enum><text>include targets
for providing, on a sustainable basis, first-time access to safe water, basic
sanitation, and adequate housing;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H53C87BF5AAB344E18699F5105FF33249"><enum>(2)</enum><text>prioritize
improvements for the poorest people living under the most inadequate
conditions;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H01D31C7BF6A74464AAA9833849551117"><enum>(3)</enum><text>explain how
policies and programs relating to water, sanitation and housing will be
integrated with other policies and programs under this title;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H70563769E54D4B22A8CF2EE399B1FE18"><enum>(4)</enum><text>explain how
programs and policies under the strategy will contribute to meeting
internationally agreed targets relating to access to safe drinking water and
basic sanitation and improving the lives of slum dwellers;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H98DA9DB87C6344868F42432E66876F8F"><enum>(5)</enum><text>maximize
efficiency in water use and sustainability of water supplies;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H5CB849969EA84FDAB3BCEEE3C82F8B77"><enum>(6)</enum><text>identify and
promote best practices for mobilizing and leveraging public-private
partnerships;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H285DA588A2314E0399D1F139BC9CD55A"><enum>(7)</enum><text>address the
effects of climate change on achieving the goal of this chapter;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H80C0BEB7477646FCAD970D7F83FF23BE"><enum>(8)</enum><text>evaluate the
impact of urbanization and general migration trends on water, sanitation, and
housing;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H17EC8E57AE744A09A474626AE18F6445"><enum>(9)</enum><text>utilize expertise
within the United States Government by improving policy and program
coordination among relevant Federal agencies, including the Department of
State, the United States Agency for International Development, the Millennium
Challenge Corporation, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, the United States Geological
Survey, and the Environmental Protection Agency; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H7DBFF94D8CAB41159505A2965EEE753C"><enum>(10)</enum><text>strengthen
strategic coordination with, build on the expertise of, and encourage
contributions from, a wide variety of stakeholders, including partner
governments, the private sector and nongovernmental organizations.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section id="HBCCB763753AE4C8D9FDAA7FE5ED3A0C7"><enum>1604.</enum><header>Assistance for
water, sanitation and housing</header>
<subsection id="H04A121D822CF409AB0CBDE1EA673326C"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Authorization</header><text>The
Administrator is authorized to use funds made available under section 1015 to
further the goal and objectives of this chapter in partner countries.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H0E079132499C45C2AA0FCCAC7CD7BD21"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Activities</header><text>Assistance
authorized under subsection (a) shall include the following:</text>
<paragraph id="HA1F430FD4FFB4AD3A658ABBC45A901D0"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Expanding access
to clean water and sanitation</header>
<subparagraph id="HAF0F0A8B5FA342808253C2D40118846F"><enum>(A)</enum><text>Assessing water,
sanitation, and hygiene needs.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H3AA44CE435644C329E4EF94D2D53BCF3"><enum>(B)</enum><text>Developing
additional, affordable, accessible, and reliable water supplies.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H2154EC4F07B34ADDA7180B1DC289B89D"><enum>(C)</enum><text>Expanding the
coverage of existing water and sanitation systems to reach previously
underserved populations.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HC2A8C0EB85EC4325934B0865628B6CAA"><enum>(D)</enum><text>Improving water
and sanitation infrastructure.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H91C9405B7D40448D89400063193DA195"><enum>(E)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Increasing the safety, reliability, and
sustainability of, and equity in access to, water supplies, sanitation
infrastructure, and hygiene services.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HCAFF07241F5F4C9DBC88DC7DB26172E6"><enum>(F)</enum><text>Promoting more
efficient and sustainable use of water supplies.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H472F0D04C63145E59C7558230946FC74"><enum>(G)</enum><text>Fostering
integrated river basin and watershed management.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H4DAC019041CC49FE81FFA99FA02FA43C"><enum>(H)</enum><text>Increasing
awareness and use of healthy hygiene practices.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HB5919D4DA2AB4FCD92CF09BFDC166B06"><enum>(I)</enum><text>Building the
capacity of partner countries to plan and manage water resources in an
efficient, transparent, inclusive and environmentally sustainable
manner.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HD99A33C08A254B08ADA9393198B1AD1F"><enum>(J)</enum><text>Promoting
international and regional cooperation to share technologies and best
practices.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H817BE9ABC1184614B0DD2F098BF6E698"><enum>(K)</enum><text>Mitigating
conflict over water resources.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H4D2A0AB560834C8AA42AB47034EE2CAD"><enum>(L)</enum><text>Conducting
research and developing technology to further the goal and objectives of this
chapter.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H9C0CA6D880A24F909E3DD7B315696BC5"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Expanding access
to adequate housing</header>
<subparagraph id="H90B169EAC75A4C3D9CC85476706CD4E7"><enum>(A)</enum><text>Assessing housing
and infrastructure needs.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H6DD0041F61C04ABDA05E4803C9174331"><enum>(B)</enum><text>Upgrading existing
housing to meet international humanitarian standards.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HB6EF62BAF8664AFA976A7FFF0B5001C9"><enum>(C)</enum><text>Incentivizing the
construction of affordable housing units.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H09DB86D9B4164AD590156380197BF445"><enum>(D)</enum><text>Improving
community infrastructure, such as sidewalks, drainage ditches, and public
lighting.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H763A5492283D495592EFE3F26A4B640B"><enum>(E)</enum><text>Enhancing
recognition and protection of legal rights to the ownership, lease and use of
real property.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H4B9EE39164764DA5BE6D338FC70F6D3E"><enum>(F)</enum><text>Reducing gender
and other discrimination in housing, property ownership, and municipal
services.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HB1E6398F5E094C0099DE497600AB7782"><enum>(G)</enum><text>Developing and
enforcing reasonable housing and construction codes to protect low-income
residents and buyers.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H4B443DF78F824AB2A2FCC65047539632"><enum>(H)</enum><text>Encouraging the
development and expansion of commercially oriented housing markets in partner
countries, including home mortgage and insurance markets and financing for
municipal infrastructure.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H7ADE3B1FE0094D21B5C09C08AAEA15F7"><enum>(I)</enum><text>Building the
capacity of partner countries for improved urban planning and
management.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></subsection></section><section id="HEE1F449CD9BC47E99BAC435FF2715578"><enum>1605.</enum><header>Definitions</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">In this chapter—</text>
<paragraph id="H37974EBBF1A44128B4350CC1150D6698"><enum>(1)</enum><text>the term
<term>adequate housing</term> means housing that meets international
humanitarian standards and includes—</text>
<subparagraph id="HE0600D841709412880982830F27C72A0"><enum>(A)</enum><text>legal security of
tenure;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H875E818673F2433E897AAD8B5A079CE9"><enum>(B)</enum><text>availability of
services, materials, facilities, and infrastructure;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H653884324CFF421AB58A2FE4B35C6303"><enum>(C)</enum><text>affordability;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H3547F79832484C06AB41F989B2604A31"><enum>(D)</enum><text>habitability;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H6BF87A8F92F34DE8979A69B7CFB9DCC5"><enum>(E)</enum><text>accessibility;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H9329AAA4DAF042029241CC1EE22C3E3B"><enum>(F)</enum><text>location;
and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HF8376095216A4692B024E405A9402C6F"><enum>(G)</enum><text>cultural adequacy;
and</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H83967E8AA1814D04A5FDAD6D7BC8EB11"><enum>(2)</enum><text>the term
<term>living conditions</term> means the adequacy of water, sanitation, and
housing for human habitation.</text>
</paragraph></section></chapter><chapter id="H60A74371E62B4BC084E526A183DF79E3"><enum>7</enum><header>Fostering gender
equality</header>
<section id="H7CE190B0439A4FE78B9476104F907224"><enum>1701.</enum><header>Findings and
statement of policy</header>
<subsection id="HDA0FDD7FF48A44D6A67C413E13401861"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Findings</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Congress finds the following:</text>
<paragraph id="HABBA9FF925DF4026A3954E3EB4C409A6"><enum>(1)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Women and girls are the majority of the
world’s poor, unschooled, unhealthy, and underfed.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HB7B14E0CC6A442DD9A70A1A13B9DA751"><enum>(2)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Women around the world often work under
substandard conditions, for longer hours, and with lower compensation, less
income stability and fewer economic opportunities than men.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HB81FB72DB185413DB3EE3FEA7C9E2B07"><enum>(3)</enum><text>Women are often
excluded by law or practice from participating fully and equally in the
political, economic, and social life of their country.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H6BE7EC722CDA486F99A757804A17F22A"><enum>(4)</enum><text>Women own
significantly less land than men and experience numerous barriers to ownership.
Access to land and property rights offers women greater economic opportunity
and security, greater protection from physical harm, better access to health,
education, and financial services, and improved social status.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HDF67F650E86F4B1DA98BDEC459DAE706"><enum>(5)</enum><text>Displaced,
refugee, and stateless women and girls in humanitarian emergencies, conflict
settings, and natural disasters are at extreme risk of violence, exploitation
and intimidation.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HD89E0F7A5CBF4F1C9545F2A083CA2EA9"><enum>(6)</enum><text>Violence against
women dramatically impedes progress in meeting global health goals, including
efforts to reduce maternal mortality and reverse the spread of HIV/AIDS.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H9F96893B57BB464F8992A69F328D3179"><enum>(7)</enum><text>Ensuring that
women have the ability to effectively plan families is one of the keys to
expanding their economic opportunities. Yet hundreds of millions of women lack
access to affordable, effective, and appropriate contraceptive methods and
reproductive health care, putting them at greater risk of unintended
pregnancies and serious health complications.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H5AE557DC43604556A951A3E73F4F4DD0"><enum>(8)</enum><text>Studies have shown
that investments in women and girls have broad multiplier effects, particularly
in the areas of health and education, which over the long run can significantly
improve the future of communities and countries.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H6B1B9FA200D84F3ABA7BF0BD690CE7BF"><enum>(9)</enum><text>Investments in
women and girls can play a key role in reducing poverty, countering violent
extremism, promoting stability, fostering tolerance and reconciliation, and
building strong and vibrant civil societies.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H2AF5F8754F8C4254B28304936FE0B151"><enum>(10)</enum><text>Increasing
women’s access to economic opportunities is crucial to preventing and
responding to domestic and sexual violence.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H9772A1C5F909470FAD7E96495757D181"><enum>(11)</enum><text>Fostering gender
equality requires strengthening rules, practices, and institutions that protect
the rights of women and men, girls and boys, as well as including them in the
design, implementation, and monitoring of programs to reduce poverty and
alleviate human suffering.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H8A5E92CB57614A2FB521853B49EF59BD"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Statement of
policy</header><text>It is the policy of the United States to—</text>
<paragraph id="H5A894BC93FB048C68D2DEDE74D10510A"><enum>(1)</enum><text>invest in women
and girls in partner countries as a matter of justice and human rights as well
as to promote sustainable development and achieve internationally agreed
development goals;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H54D3308548374939981DEFB439A0181A"><enum>(2)</enum><text>include women and
the organizations that represent them in the design, implementation, and
monitoring of programs under this title;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H946BCE47CCC74E809D6E3FADEAD6DB4A"><enum>(3)</enum><text>mainstream into
the design, implementation, and evaluation of policies and programs at all
levels an understanding of the distinctive impact that such policies and
programs may have on women and girls, men and boys; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HF06225B023484A3B97069147043E7996"><enum>(4)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">promote equal opportunities for all people,
regardless of sex, to achieve their personal potential and maximize their
contributions to the development of their families, communities, and
countries.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section id="HD6F9C76594104400B1AE1498D06C9DDE"><enum>1702.</enum><header>Goal and
objectives</header>
<subsection id="H42DDA31255DB421DB605B0AA2470AB78"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Goal</header><text>The
goal of assistance under this chapter is to promote women’s empowerment, gender
equality, and gender integration.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H9B099C1B203347189444E9CAED101DCB"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Objectives</header><text>In
furtherance of the goal of subsection (a), assistance under this chapter shall
be designed to help partner countries achieve the following objectives:</text>
<paragraph id="HC1E2E45DB0C9466AA260F461CDB02752"><enum>(1)</enum><text>Increasing
educational, economic, and political opportunities for women and girls.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HFC9C5BDAA47944B398A0DBD7FB0B07C2"><enum>(2)</enum><text>Building the
capacity of women and girls to participate fully in decisions that affect their
lives.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H720C600912FA45F5A115D01A34B8B216"><enum>(3)</enum><text>Reducing legal and
social barriers to women’s participation in economic activity and political
processes.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HD07DF353F1BC4CA3AEA6C54E1C72728A"><enum>(4)</enum><text>Expanding the
collection of sex-disaggregated data and the use of gender analysis.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HCD0BCAA28DED4980830B7D4945E4DE65"><enum>(5)</enum><text>Integrating gender
considerations into all international development policies and programs,
including those carried out by all USAID bureaus, offices, and missions.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section id="H1B138E0AD6B643FE86AF004B12739600"><enum>1703.</enum><header>Global
strategy for gender equality</header>
<subsection id="H2663A9E707234CFA8378A87F730F70BA"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>The strategy required under section 1019 with respect to
fostering gender equality shall be known as the <quote>Global Strategy for
Gender Equality</quote>.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HED96E85AEC7B4058945ADA0991607B5C"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Contents</header><text>The
Global Strategy for Gender Equality shall include, in addition to the elements
required under section 1019(b), plans for achieving the goal and objectives in
section 1702.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H15DCA4A4AEDC4FC2932327A433A83116"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Guidelines</header><text>The
Global Strategy for Gender Equality should—</text>
<paragraph id="H2B38114AAE38470A9C9CA5422EDC33B2"><enum>(1)</enum><text>be coordinated and
integrated with the comprehensive international strategy to prevent and respond
to violence against women and girls, as required under section 3203, and with
each sector strategy of development, as described in section 1019;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H0526ED8E1A2D4551B8215CF09279C7FF"><enum>(2)</enum><text>include plans for
preventing child marriage;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HD2224D22D62E40E6B9B4DC6A8AFA41DB"><enum>(3)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">address the ways in which the exclusion of,
and discrimination against, women hinders economic growth and heightens the
risks of conflict and instability;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H952EBD1CA42A4B719E854DD46E572D9E"><enum>(4)</enum><text>discuss
exclusionary and discriminatory practices that are particularly harmful for the
achievement of United States development goals and identify the countries in
which such practices occur;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H6BCE23A39B274E05B02ECCE7C2CFE198"><enum>(5)</enum><text>include plans for
hiring, training, deploying and retaining a diverse USAID workforce with
appropriate expertise and responsibility for promoting women’s empowerment,
gender equality and gender integration around the world;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HA20968A1328A4E79AE9882BA427A71F6"><enum>(6)</enum><text>establish policy
and guidance for integrating gender considerations into all other international
development strategies and programs;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HF78AFCEFE25B4562BF78980E992A5818"><enum>(7)</enum><text>ensure that the
goal and objectives of this chapter are reflected in the USAID’s procurement
regulations and procedures; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HE5734FFF2C0A421EB65AE09535951508"><enum>(8)</enum><text>build
accountability for gender integration into monitoring and evaluation
systems.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H194C22A6FE79407BA2088DC785BD6FF7"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Preparation</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The Global Strategy for Equality shall be
prepared by the Director of the Office of Gender Equality and Women’s
Empowerment, in coordination with the Policy, Planning and Learning Bureau and
the Ambassador-at-Large for Global Women’s Issues.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="H94FD59EDA11D4C019491E1B26382279E"><enum>1704.</enum><header>Assistance for
gender equality</header>
<subsection id="H4ADC94FA10DC411EB785A89A69532A41"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The Administrator is
authorized to use funds made available under section 1015 to further the goal
and objectives of this chapter in partner countries.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HEE4B0A1363A44B43A905AFED512D6C60"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Activities</header><text>Assistance
authorized under subsection (a) shall include—</text>
<paragraph id="H90BC0A8D75F54526A95AF3AA5DBDE67A"><enum>(1)</enum><text>integrating women
into the political, social, and economic systems of partner countries;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H430BFB4D72D242E5827F9B4A7F76EE4A"><enum>(2)</enum><text>developing laws,
regulations, and policies that promote equal rights and prohibit discrimination
in partner countries;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HA84BF445A6FE4002A242BAA364EA9C62"><enum>(3)</enum><text>providing
leadership and technical training that improves the capacity of women and girls
in partner countries to participate fully in decisions that affect their
lives;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H4C6BBF0F8ED24CEF86E8834AFB647894"><enum>(4)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">enhancing the capacity of partner countries
to undertake analysis of the specialized needs of women and girls in health,
water, sanitation, housing, education, food, legal and financial services, and
other sectors, and to develop policies and programs to meet those needs;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HA90CB5062BFC46A2B0E3F2952511E60B"><enum>(5)</enum><text>enhancing the
capacity of partner countries to prevent and respond to violence against women
and girls; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H7326339029314522A6F1B83696078124"><enum>(6)</enum><text>research and
innovation to improve the design, implementation, and monitoring and evaluation
of United States foreign assistance for greater effectiveness in promoting
gender equality and reducing sexual and gender-based violence.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section id="H3B2ECAECE35A4C478DE2F3A238D7CA0E"><enum>1705.</enum><header>Office of
Gender Equality and Women’s Empowerment</header>
<subsection id="HB717C60B625B49A4B39DD233DBFA08DD"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Establishment</header><text>There
is established, within the United States Agency for International Development,
an Office of Gender Equality and Women’s Empowerment (referred to in this
section as the <quote>Office</quote>).</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H84166A41812C431C9FF820D8366EB39E"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Director</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The Office shall be headed by a Director
(referred to in this section as the <quote>Director</quote>), who shall be
highly qualified in matters relating to international development and gender
integration. The Director shall report directly to the Administrator and
consult regularly with the Ambassador-at-Large for Global Women’s
Issues.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HA4EC7091EFD345349CF9C4793CD31635"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Duties</header><text>The
Director shall—</text>
<paragraph id="H75B1551788E64F8196D01995E4E83292"><enum>(1)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">advise the Administrator on matters
relating to the advancement of women’s global development;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HCDD49D0B845D43FAB5EE7144A44960B2"><enum>(2)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">lead and coordinate all efforts of the
United States Agency for International Development to empower women and promote
gender equality in developing countries, including efforts to prevent and
respond to gender-based violence;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H328EC199CC68481EA0CEE60DC29BB7FA"><enum>(3)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">direct the preparation of the Global
Strategy for Gender Equality under section 1703;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H9A29953B78574CE19DB69FC603A0D3BA"><enum>(4)</enum><text>mainstream into
the design, implementation, and evaluation of policies and programs at all
levels an understanding of the distinctive impact that such policies and
programs may have on women and girls;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HD5F9E08647664504A6C658FC81AB9F66"><enum>(5)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">assist other bureaus, offices, and overseas
missions in designing and revising strategies, programs, projects and
activities to empower women and promote gender equality;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H12B47D08FE5D4E13993DD5AF8048788E"><enum>(6)</enum><text>monitor and
evaluate the impact on women and girls of programs carried out by USAID;
and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HF96810126C5D4D9BBC8B36D033A1CCE4"><enum>(7)</enum><text>disseminate
information about lessons learned and best practices for advancing women’s
global development throughout USAID and other relevant Federal agencies.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HC311F7A82CAB4878AD955C315B012130"><enum>1706.</enum><header>Prevention of
child marriage</header>
<subsection id="HB6AD02E35CE540839BC6AE7CAB0E1089"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Findings</header><text>Congress
finds the following:</text>
<paragraph id="HFC40A2DAF2AF4DAE8FE3DC49933EBD09"><enum>(1)</enum><text>Child marriage,
also known as <quote>forced marriage</quote> or <quote>early marriage</quote>,
is a harmful traditional practice that deprives girls of their dignity and
human rights.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H21DC9203870841959B34EE82F786568A"><enum>(2)</enum><text>Child marriage as
a traditional practice, as well as through coercion or force, is a violation of
article 16 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, which states,
<quote>Marriage shall be entered into only with the free and full consent of
intending spouses</quote>.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H86B11A2129E94F14AAE93A2417A58694"><enum>(3)</enum><text>Factors
perpetuating child marriage include poverty, a lack of educational or
employment opportunities for girls, parental concerns to ensure sexual
relations within marriage, the dowry system, and the perceived lack of value of
girls.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H35E7766573844B1380A8629DFB468CF9"><enum>(4)</enum><text>Child marriage has
negative effects on the health of girls, including significantly increased risk
of maternal death and morbidity, infant mortality and morbidity, obstetric
fistula, and sexually transmitted diseases, including HIV/AIDS.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H7BDA6C13E8EC49DE8A57C110AF56D0EE"><enum>(5)</enum><text>Most countries
with high rates of child marriage have a legally established minimum age of
marriage, yet child marriage persists due to strong traditional norms and the
failure to enforce existing laws.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H72E4EB2376034A03B0457DB7A88BA785"><enum>(6)</enum><text>Investments in
girls’ schooling, creating safe community spaces for girls, and programs to
build skills for out-of-school girls are all effective and demonstrated
strategies for preventing child marriage by addressing conditions of poverty,
low status, and social norms that contribute to child marriage.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H2F0AC96242A04D4CA6EB2B373C940AB2"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Statement of
policy</header><text>It is the policy of the United States to seek the
elimination of the practice of child marriage.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H8C22C592DD034C30A09DBA83406079DE"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Authorization</header><text>The
Administrator is authorized to use funds made available under this chapter for
programs to prevent the incidence of child marriage in partner countries
through the promotion of educational, health, economic, social, and legal
rights of girls and women.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HC0FEC1E67C1A497DBEB4DA7A4FA668C9"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Priority</header><text>In
providing assistance authorized under subsection (c), the Administrator should
give priority to—</text>
<paragraph id="H06D907C36AFE4C00B415D7A41F3F5150"><enum>(1)</enum><text>areas or regions
in developing countries in which 40 percent or more of girls under the age of
18 are married; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HF453FB78CCB544C8959260881A2692C4"><enum>(2)</enum><text>activities
to—</text>
<subparagraph id="H7AAB9BECF3544F579554B7EBCF0AC903"><enum>(A)</enum><text>expand and
replicate existing community-based programs that are successful in preventing
the incidence of child marriage;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H20414AB16A054F1C96239ADA438A7FE8"><enum>(B)</enum><text>establish pilot
projects to prevent child marriage; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H29448E16A88E4D90A7F5E0C21190835F"><enum>(C)</enum><text>share evaluations
of successful programs, program designs, experiences, and lessons.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></subsection></section><section display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H9C2E8744F734455BBCC7E6D0770FE4F4"><enum>1707.</enum><header>Coordination
of efforts to prevent child marriage</header>
<subsection id="H556C0D9989E94443A68591468F390A3D"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Designation</header><text>The
Administrator shall designate an official to lead and coordinate policies and
programs of the Agency to prevent child marriage.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HD81644095D204B20B55354C335D6F219"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Additional
duties</header><text>In addition to the responsibilities described in
subsection (a), the official designated under subsection (a) shall—</text>
<paragraph id="H68B331CBAF7943FDAD14910373EDD455"><enum>(1)</enum><text>ensure that
efforts to prevent child marriage are integrated into the relevant country and
sector strategies prepared in accordance with sections 1018 and 1019;
and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H5695E2A51121472B989D5C6B073EAFAC"><enum>(2)</enum><text>collect and
disseminate information on—</text>
<subparagraph id="HB280FFE16C6E4C4FA39AF03D48F09D57"><enum>(A)</enum><text>best practices for
preventing and reducing the incidence of child marriage;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H09E1EE54477E4138A974213FD1F61190"><enum>(B)</enum><text>the incidence of
child marriage in partner countries where the practice of child marriage is
prevalent; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HAB5CA27D4AB446A68079FD1E4A6548FD"><enum>(C)</enum><text>the relationship
between prevalence of child marriage and the achievement of development
goals.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H7C76A2BDE7254191805648EC292D286C"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Consultation</header><text>In
carrying out the duties under this section, the official designated under
subsection (a) shall consult with a wide range of relevant stakeholders.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="HD403BB77A25446D399000AF113BB70FF"><enum>1708.</enum><header>Definitions</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">In this chapter:</text>
<paragraph id="HFEC119DD14C8432EA16E89487F14459E"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Child
marriage</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The term <term>child
marriage</term> means the marriage of a girl or a boy who has not reached the
minimum legal age for marriage in the country of residence, or where there is
no such law, under the age of 18.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H544073C82EF14AF0AE23C6A2AC016F7C"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Gender
analysis</header><text>The term <term>gender analysis</term> means the
systematic examination of the different roles, rights, resources, constraints,
and opportunities of men and women, boys and girls, in a society, economy,
community or family.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HD705B7939B88459987F06F7AAF96DF16"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Gender
equality</header><text>The term <term>gender equality</term> means equal
opportunities for all people, regardless of sex, to achieve their personal
potential and maximize their contributions to the development of their
families, communities, and countries.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H482ADA5CD3B64DD5AB98C684FD0FBFDD"><enum>(4)</enum><header>Gender
integration</header><text>The term <term>gender integration</term> means
incorporating gender analysis and the resulting recommendations in all
policies, budgets, programming, and performance monitoring and
evaluation.</text>
</paragraph></section></chapter><chapter id="H50EFADB858FF4F2580ED7524981F7925"><enum>8</enum><header>Strengthening
democratic governance</header>
<section id="HD2DCBAEC25A04D328901374589514BF1"><enum>1801.</enum><header>Findings and
statement of policy</header>
<subsection id="HE92A5E95799A4FB79B019AD9021658A6"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Findings</header><text>Congress
finds the following:</text>
<paragraph id="HF25F320B8E534522929E644A8ECB086D"><enum>(1)</enum><text>Democratic
development, political pluralism, and respect for internationally recognized
human rights are intrinsically linked to economic and social progress. Efforts
to reduce poverty and promote broad-based economic growth are more effective
and sustainable in a political environment in which fundamental freedoms and
the rule of law are respected, government institutions are broadly
representative, and corruption is held to a minimum.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HD88354C25473484DAEA094119E45CDBA"><enum>(2)</enum><text>Violent extremism
that threatens United States national security flourishes where democratic
governance is weak, justice uncertain, and legal avenues for change in short
supply.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H636CF363CA3A4B4293D171FF5F48C7FE"><enum>(3)</enum><text>Democracy can only
be sustained in a society in which the legitimacy of the government rests
firmly on the expressed consent of the governed; the rights of all citizens,
including minorities, are respected and protected; and there is effective
civilian control over the military and security forces.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H707E5CAC88E1431EB649353D46107710"><enum>(4)</enum><text>There is a growing
worldwide movement toward more open, just and democratic societies. This trend
is essential to achieving the United States ultimate objective of worldwide
respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms without distinction as to
race, sex, language, religion, sexual orientation, or gender identity. At the
same time, this trend holds great promise for promoting the peace of the world
and the foreign policy, security, and general welfare of the United
States.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HD779FE4524CD4A96ADC106F8249F76E5"><enum>(5)</enum><text>Preventing mass
atrocities is a core national security interest and a core moral responsibility
of the United States. Governmental engagement on atrocities too often arrives
too late, when opportunities for prevention or low-cost, low-risk action have
been missed. By helping partner countries to strengthen democratic institutions
and practices and to manage diversity peacefully, responsibly and equitably,
USAID can address many of the structural conditions that give rise to mass
atrocities.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HEC8655CD8EA042A892E2C4E0AE9ED522"><enum>(6)</enum><text>Persons belonging
to racial, ethnic, religious, and linguistic minorities, as well as lesbians,
gays, bisexuals, and transgender individuals, and persons with disabilities are
often subjected to discrimination, harassment, exploitation, intimidation, and
exclusion. United States policies and programs should seek to foster equal
opportunity and equal access to justice for all people, including marginalized
groups.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HE79FD2BD6CAB43DA9B6E54B0C556051F"><enum>(7)</enum><text>Civil society
organizations and activists worldwide contribute in unique and essential ways
to development as innovative agents of change and social transformation. In
particular, such organizations have an important role to play in bringing the
voices of the poor to influence government policies, and to hold governments
and other powerful actors to account for their actions. A diverse, strong, and
independent civil society sector is critical for the sustainable reduction of
poverty.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H29E6EAB7C7A446DB82DAABEE3064E006"><enum>(8)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Democracy cannot be imposed from without.
However, the United States should encourage all states to meet their
obligations under international law to uphold and protect human rights and
fundamental freedoms, and should support the aspirations of those who seek
through peaceful means to make their governments more democratic and
accountable.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H83E7E6C3DE30487FA4E4718B87840F6B"><enum>(9)</enum><text>Democracy takes
time to become firmly rooted in society and in the political system. While
short-term interventions can be important and effective means for preventing
abuses and opening windows of opportunity, democratic development generally
requires sustained effort and a comprehensive approach.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HCDCE8EDD27754E40BCDC6F09269947D5"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Statement of
policy</header><text>It is the policy of the United States to—</text>
<paragraph id="H0E2E079DA6A84490BE29BBDFCE108B67"><enum>(1)</enum><text>support democratic
aspirations and values, foster the spread of democratic institutions, and
encourage universal respect for internationally recognized human rights,
including civil and political liberties;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HA86BBB3CEAFE44CEA84DBDEBC7F642A7"><enum>(2)</enum><text>recognize that, to
be successful, such support must not be defined narrowly in terms of parties
and elections and government institutional capacity building, but must include
other, equally important, aspects of democratic development, including—</text>
<subparagraph id="H13C41E99D9E2415D897C598A8F2C365B"><enum>(A)</enum><text>independent and
balanced media;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HA381F4BC876A4B45BBA612C4FD405C7B"><enum>(B)</enum><text>impartial and
competent judicial processes that deliver access to justice;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HEE717E3F655849C3B6997DDAB56654A8"><enum>(C)</enum><text>respect for human
rights and fundamental freedoms; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H62A15584EF1A4209A45D24587287D2A1"><enum>(D)</enum><text>a vibrant civil
society that engages meaningfully with government; and</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="HD49A776A207A4634A7546348AA4F8BB5"><enum>(3)</enum><text>take into
consideration a country’s commitment to good governance, respect for the rule
of law and protection of internationally recognized human rights in providing
assistance under this subtitle.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section id="HFCC756DF77C4473FAE4A498B79AAA07E"><enum>1802.</enum><header>Goal and
objectives</header>
<subsection id="H1DE6AB10269F443BB046B78A7884A788"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Goal</header><text>The
goal of assistance under this chapter is to strengthen democratic institutions
and practices and promote human rights in partner countries.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H0C3BCEB4CE144941B98411C2791635E0"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Objectives</header><text>In
furtherance of the goal of subsection (a), assistance under this chapter shall
be designed to help partner countries achieve the following objectives:</text>
<paragraph id="H9513FCB2BC5D4936B20F9E919EEA8E2C"><enum>(1)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Improving government responsiveness,
accountability, transparency and effectiveness.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H494A7025008E41D7AB62ABE3648132B4"><enum>(2)</enum><text>Increasing the
capacity and participation of civil society.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H096D5240B3AB40BAB87C227D50B5029D"><enum>(3)</enum><text>Strengthening the
observance of internationally recognized human rights and the rule of
law.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H99A7F55B6C0849A283BB52BBCE9EAA0B"><enum>(4)</enum><text>Fostering
political competition and consensus-building.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H3F47FEDE3CAD4149A0909AE2C4C56012"><enum>(5)</enum><text>Protecting and
expanding democratic space for civil society organizations to operate.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section id="HA662506173DE49BBAD19A5482E6563A5"><enum>1803.</enum><header>Assistance for
democratic strengthening</header>
<subsection id="HD5B2E45B70AF4A5AAA45746A71147DCE"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The Administrator is
authorized to use funds made available under section 1015 to further the goal
and objectives of this chapter in partner countries.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HDE03E1D2F5EB4DCB93D0176313F0EE30"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Activities</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Assistance authorized under subsection (a)
shall include support for the following:</text>
<paragraph id="H8575123D028B484E81C612DEE8670C17"><enum>(1)</enum><text>Conducting free,
legitimate, credible, and fair national, state, and local elections.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H539B09EE20954553945ABF89ECDA196A"><enum>(2)</enum><text>Developing and
strengthening open, democratic, peaceful and effective political
parties.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H2D32977C90994F1CA4E1D11D8CE5C6FA"><enum>(3)</enum><text>Enhancing the
responsiveness and effectiveness of public administration.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H49B0C65313E945BF939DA4AFDB2C6A3C"><enum>(4)</enum><text>Building
professional, transparent and responsible legislatures.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H1C4DA840F75B4E74A968AD50046A65BC"><enum>(5)</enum><text>Developing and
strengthening free, independent and professional media.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H98FB939D35F0424794C717BBDAE0EA1C"><enum>(6)</enum><text>Fostering
inclusive and transparent legislative and regulatory processes at all levels of
government.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HE243608150DB4BCFB367D716010DD9D3"><enum>(7)</enum><text>Decentralization
efforts and the development of capable, representative local government
institutions.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H46624BAF57D74BE9B3D2683569A07E16"><enum>(8)</enum><text>Strengthening
civilian, democratic control over the military.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HA9E25D8D48464CBA93C41BB46C0F5E65"><enum>(9)</enum><text>Combating
corruption and promoting financial integrity.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HF44533A74B14404294B66965E74DC38D"><enum>(10)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Improving the independence, impartiality,
transparency and competence of judicial officials and processes.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HF6F1099CA7FC47F89AA58FF5B3AF7D49"><enum>(11)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Revising and modernizing laws,
constitutions, and legal frameworks.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HEA5EE246185F4AF4BC01FFA7DC92FEBD"><enum>(12)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Expanding access of crime victims and
witnesses to legal information and services.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HE33C9ED9DC714D83B191CCDB874877E8"><enum>(13)</enum><text>Promoting
official recognition of, and respect in practice for, internationally
recognized human rights.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HDFD3C3355B4D43E49ECD0CAFABFED55A"><enum>(14)</enum><text>Supporting and
assisting international and domestic courts and tribunals investigating and
prosecuting instances of mass atrocities.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H13CB14DA786941EAA3C92B216EE53D61"><enum>(15)</enum><text>Rehabilitating
victims of torture, including activities specifically designed to treat the
physical and psychological effects of torture.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H011291856776465193173B9436564E04"><enum>(16)</enum><text>Preventing and
responding to abuses such as human trafficking, sexual and gender-based
violence, the conscription of children into armed forces, the use of child
labor and the practice of child marriage.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H669719AF001F4FE184029E884A277D2E"><enum>(17)</enum><text>Strengthening the
capacity of civil society organizations to participate effectively in public
life and provide input into government decisions.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H5AD034A4B38C40C796C06289AFDC5F0E"><enum>(18)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Increasing citizen awareness of rights and
responsibilities, and encouraging greater participation in political
processes.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HE07DC629F9444F7DACD07D2C5C25FC7A"><enum>(19)</enum><text>Promoting
tolerance, dialogue, and peaceful dispute resolution.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H6375038EC9DF456E99A092D205CBAD66"><enum>(20)</enum><text>Reducing the risk
of mass atrocities through early warning and early action.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H8CDE0CC396904A97978E44EC9BEDA347"><enum>(21)</enum><text>Fostering equal
rights and equal opportunities for marginalized groups.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HC7339CDE31BB40F29B12A23CF0FE6640"><enum>(22)</enum><text>Countering laws,
regulations, policies, and practices that restrict civil space.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HDDF65B3D039844D8940B6678E17C70DE"><enum>(23)</enum><text>Expanding public
access to information and communications, including through the
Internet.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H84A9F1A0FC084C2686E876E0F6C62640"><enum>(24)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Implementing Action Plans for Human Rights
and Democracy prepared pursuant to section 3103.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section id="H38960AFA99544A1BA242D7BB91E71ACA"><enum>1804.</enum><header>Advisory
Committee on Democracy Promotion</header>
<subsection id="H5FC1564F0DD445D8A29ECC599DE5F15B"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Establishment</header><text>There
is established an Advisory Committee on Democracy Promotion (in this section
referred to as the <quote>Advisory Committee</quote>). The Advisory Committee
shall report to the Secretary and the Administrator.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H0708744E84A54D1A96E2A00BAF44DC01"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Purpose</header><text>The
purpose of the Advisory Committee is to review and make recommendations on how
to improve United States Government efforts to promote democracy
internationally.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H72EA1934C92A4592B0FFA56B2C5F66DF"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Duties</header><text>The
duties of the Advisory Committee shall include consulting with, providing
information to, and advising the Secretary and the Administrator on issues
relating to democracy promotion in the formulation and implementation of United
States foreign policy and foreign assistance, including such matters as—</text>
<paragraph id="H0E14486F92EC486BB7F1B8534D9E8130"><enum>(1)</enum><text>the means by which
the United States Government should promote democracy, depending on
circumstances in foreign countries;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H0D8B90CE85AA4A75B3D1BD671D7177BD"><enum>(2)</enum><text>the integration of
democracy considerations into United States diplomatic and development
efforts;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H17430C488ABC45B7818BDE0CC7DAA672"><enum>(3)</enum><text>the special
challenges of setting indicators and measuring impact in the field of democracy
and governance;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H5636B999A4064517882D43CC75335494"><enum>(4)</enum><text>lessons learned
and best practices in international democracy promotion;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HA906BEBAF260466A9F66DCAB8B5918FC"><enum>(5)</enum><text>the balance
between strengthening civil society and strengthening governance;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H6618529E147C42EEB45DC7A79ACBE556"><enum>(6)</enum><text>the application of
principles of country ownership in undemocratic or democratic transition
countries;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HBBD632DF57A04D18800FC3AA3F3D2D8F"><enum>(7)</enum><text>the application of
marking and branding rules to democracy programs;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H5577AFFCE0554945A4B7EFACE9BB4570"><enum>(8)</enum><text>the consistency of
democracy policies and programs across Federal agencies; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HF097FD52599D43849893FF99B541AA17"><enum>(9)</enum><text>the parameters for
operating in undemocratic and conflict settings.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HB5E2B6BA91B14729AB6A753CFE763652"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Membership</header>
<paragraph id="H997D5F207CF8439EAC0B6E547EA25CC9"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Number and
appointment</header><text>The Advisory Committee shall be composed of 8
individuals appointed by the Secretary and 7 individuals appointed by the
Administrator who are experts in various aspects of the field of international
democracy, human rights, and good governance.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H0733540DF7F6431DA76DDB89ADE3FBCE"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Terms</header><text>Members
of the Advisory Committee shall serve a term of 2 years, and may be appointed
to consecutive terms.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HDFF768D81DDD4D25A5DA599356578D25"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Individual
capacity</header><text>Members of the Advisory Committee shall serve in an
individual, not a representative, capacity.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HAA5908ABB6FE4EECADE45E96E3DD87A7"><enum>(4)</enum><header>Chairperson and
vice chairperson</header><text>The Chairperson of the Advisory Committee shall
be designated by the Secretary, and the Vice Chairperson of the Advisory
Committee shall be designated by the Administrator, at the time of their
appointment to the Advisory Committee.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HF043A6AA7EBE413BA9C419AD886EB561"><enum>(e)</enum><header>Report</header>
<paragraph id="H9DDE9D279DFB4F1A86AFAFC756120347"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>The Advisory Committee shall submit to the Secretary and
the Administrator on an annual basis a report that describes the activities of
the Advisory Committee during the preceding year.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H165B9366EB6F44E6AC6DA669F484B34D"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Availability to
public</header><text>The report required by paragraph (1) shall be made
publicly available on the Internet.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H1F7EF6B16B3D44B98DF0BBCD5542C4FE"><enum>(f)</enum><header>Meetings</header><text>The
Advisory Committee shall hold not less than 4 meetings each year.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H0B63E6869F214F649DBDDD4B93A18B75"><enum>(g)</enum><header>Subcommittees</header><text>The
Advisory Committee may establish subcommittees and special task forces, as
determined necessary by the Advisory Committee. Any such subcommittee or
special task force shall meet subject to the call of the Chairperson of the
subcommittee or special task force, as the case may be.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="H62A6834DDAB84A17A2215691ABA6E92D"><enum>1805.</enum><header>Foreign
government approval and conditionality</header>
<subsection id="H85A3F130B5DC42E3B1A2AB2DCF243FD5"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Foreign
government approval</header><text>The Administrator shall not require the
approval or agreement of a foreign government for—</text>
<paragraph id="H7197163DB56749A593FB01FFD5B39C90"><enum>(1)</enum><text>specific programs,
projects, or activities authorized under this chapter; or</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H0A68DD57652D4FA6B7B0980233CA6321"><enum>(2)</enum><text>specific
organizations carrying out assistance authorized under this chapter.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HDACDCD94ED864BA0B004802BB6E61398"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Foreign
government conditionality</header><text>The Administrator shall not terminate
assistance authorized under this chapter for a country pursuant to, or in order
to conclude, an agreement to provide other forms of assistance for such
country.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="HD3266655BDBB4C329CDC1654A6BB2A04"><enum>1806.</enum><header>Relationship
to other laws</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">Assistance
authorized under this chapter to promote human rights, strengthen civil
society, and foster a free and fair election, referendum, or vote may be made
available notwithstanding any provision of law that restricts assistance to a
foreign country.</text>
</section><section id="H3EC06619B3784CC392F3EEA5C529D06A"><enum>1807.</enum><header>Prohibiting
assistance to influence the outcome of elections</header>
<subsection id="H43F2131B24AF4E199BA7123C8EA8152A"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">No assistance
authorized under this chapter shall be used to influence the outcome of any
elections in any country.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HE7F1D784ED4144F7B053CFF06F32CFAC"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Exception</header><text>The
prohibition in subsection (a) shall not be construed to prohibit programs that
make a good faith effort to assist all democratic parties with equitable levels
of assistance.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="H799ED3AC82154E2990CD1125BCD3B7DD"><enum>1808.</enum><header>Protected
speech</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">Notwithstanding any
other provision of law, regulation, or policy, in determining eligibility for
assistance under this title, foreign nongovernmental organizations—</text>
<paragraph id="HB6FABDB899B643F48C919F88C446CBE7"><enum>(1)</enum><text>shall not be
ineligible for such assistance solely on the basis of health or medical
services, including counseling and referral services, provided by such
organizations with non-United States Government funds, if such services—</text>
<subparagraph id="H83C58759E162458FB47C82DA4C94BEBA"><enum>(A)</enum><text>do not violate the
laws of the country in which they are being provided, and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H6A504D3101F447489D2F6F1A449A9E65"><enum>(B)</enum><text>would not violate
United States Federal law if provided in the United States; and</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="HF015622C176446EB9D2BA49DFFC61C5C"><enum>(2)</enum><text>shall not be
subject to requirements relating to the use of non-United States Government
funds for advocacy and lobbying activities other than those that apply to
United States nongovernmental organizations receiving assistance under this
title.</text>
</paragraph></section></chapter></subtitle><subtitle id="H37F6445568004781950393237B69BC0E"><enum>B</enum><header>Alleviating human
suffering</header>
<section id="HCC140A975943436DA98C3B4BEAF5652B"><enum>1901.</enum><header>Findings and
statement of policy</header>
<subsection id="H560A2E13E5574676BC5286B0E1C7E551"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Findings</header><text>Congress
finds the following:</text>
<paragraph id="H17448792152F4B899430294C7F259C88"><enum>(1)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Natural disasters can temporarily overwhelm
the capacity of countries, regardless of wealth and technological advancement,
to meet basic human needs and protect people from harm. Such disasters are
likely to increase in number and severity along with the changes in the world’s
climate, the degradation of the environment, and the expansion of the world’s
population.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HCC66E43BEA234B1DA4C897D6B2E73732"><enum>(2)</enum><text>Conflict, weak and
poor governance, corruption, and repression increase vulnerability to
humanitarian crisis, aggravate the impact of physical and environmental shocks,
complicate the ability to respond effectively, and lengthen the recovery
period.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HFC25166C69E149B3AC90C20B469117EB"><enum>(3)</enum><text>Conflicts, human
rights violations, and natural disasters often uproot people within their own
countries. Forced to abandon their homes and livelihoods, and without access to
the rights and resources available to those who cross an international border,
these internally displaced persons are among the world’s most vulnerable and
neglected people.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HA4264D6E8EA644648902E7F77D4EE8CF"><enum>(4)</enum><text>Persons affected
by conflict are at greatly heightened risk of sexual and gender-based violence.
Such risk can be mitigated through proper design and implementation of
humanitarian programs, especially those relating to water and sanitation,
health, shelter, food, education, energy, and livelihoods, as well as through
specific protection measures.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H98A185269DE648F1B64B873BFCB22200"><enum>(5)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">In protracted crises, humanitarian
resources are often exhausted before the essential conditions are in place for
long-term, sustainable development. In addition, lack of expertise and
training, inadequate coordination, and unclear or narrow mandates often leave
programming gaps. Coordinated action is required to address basic human needs
at every stage of the transition, from emergency relief to recovery,
rehabilitation, reconstruction, and development.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H76C4C4166D0745389B950C5F12B3CE79"><enum>(6)</enum><text>Continuity of
educational activities for all children is an essential humanitarian need.
Assistance to countries affected by conflict or crisis should include formal
and informal education services to ensure that children are able to continue
their schooling and are protected from physical harm, psychological and social
distress, recruitment into armed groups, family separation, and abuses related
to their displacement.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H7309E1B182D048978CF3E396F224A076"><enum>(7)</enum><text>Nongovernmental
organizations play a leading role in humanitarian action, not only by
delivering relief in underserved areas, but also by contributing a significant
proportion of the international resources, by developing effective and
innovative techniques and methodologies, by maintaining long-term relationships
of trust with affected communities, by establishing reputations for
independence, impartiality and neutrality, by integrating knowledge and
expertise about local languages, customs, conditions, and needs, by bridging
the gaps between relief and development, and by advocating for those in
greatest need.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H6DC48ED77A894C9FB5C0D4A6D2809087"><enum>(8)</enum><text>The United Nations
plays a central, unique, and vital role in leading and coordinating
international humanitarian assistance. Its organs and affiliated agencies have
capabilities and expertise that far exceed the ability of any single donor to
respond to humanitarian needs. The collective voice of these partners
frequently enhances United States bilateral efforts and often plays a useful
role in gaining access and achieving results where United States influence
might otherwise be limited.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H495089FD048E4F86910D50E3910FC4EE"><enum>(9)</enum><text>Multilateralism
allows the United States to leverage its humanitarian contributions as part of
a wider international donor effort and helps ensure that United States efforts
complement those of other donors. To be effective, United States engagement
with multilateral humanitarian organizations requires predictable funding and
strong diplomatic engagement in policy development and institutional
management.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H615A5D1BD028494E89403B2CBDB23FAE"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Statement of
policy</header><text>It is the policy of the United States to save lives,
alleviate human suffering wherever possible, and protect vulnerable
populations, taking action solely on the basis of need, without discrimination
between or within affected populations, without regard to diplomatic, economic,
military, or other objectives of the United States, and without favoring any
side in an armed conflict or other dispute.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="H7596F6B13D0947E58B530C4833761E28"><enum>1902.</enum><header>Goal and
objectives</header>
<subsection id="HA7055636D74E4170AFF263C46AA1E831"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Goal</header><text>The
goal of assistance under this subtitle is to save lives, alleviate suffering,
maintain human dignity, and protect and uphold the rights of extremely
vulnerable people.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HD08CE43190CE4939B32FB0D9626002B5"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Objectives</header><text>In
furtherance of the goal of subsection (a), assistance under this subtitle shall
be designed to achieve the following objectives:</text>
<paragraph id="H239CB8F87C6A4386A896F88DF1F9631A"><enum>(1)</enum><text>Provide quick and
effective relief in the aftermath of disasters, whether natural or
human-caused.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H403437DE2491463CB81524CAE261278B"><enum>(2)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Facilitate the transition to
self-sufficiency and safe lives and livelihoods.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H4D5FD8D4B9404DD59D474CA849974A4E"><enum>(3)</enum><text>Protect civilians
affected by conflict, disaster, and displacement from physical harm,
persecution, exploitation, abuse, malnutrition and disease, family separation,
gender-based violence, forcible recruitment and other threats to human
rights.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H9896682E90CF484BA4E704207301AA3B"><enum>(4)</enum><text>Build capacity to
prevent and mitigate the effects of conflict, disasters, and
displacement.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section id="HEECD70E02CB5401AA37A4A633E536853"><enum>1903.</enum><header>Humanitarian
principles</header>
<subsection id="HF025B95976DC4930829F1B6FE7F2C98A"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">United States
humanitarian action shall be carried out in accordance with the following
principles:</text>
<paragraph id="H7EF6749F26C040B3AADFE4E199D3F1B3"><enum>(1)</enum><text>The central
purpose of humanitarian action is to save lives, alleviate human suffering, and
protect vulnerable population wherever possible.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H5D99F94CE4F04E82B33C91DDAA423CB2"><enum>(2)</enum><text>Humanitarian
action should be impartial, based solely on and in proportion to need, without
discrimination between or within affected populations, and without regard to
the political views, national origin, or religious affiliation of the
beneficiaries.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H82EE9475BC404D0588D1067B1BB8FD2C"><enum>(3)</enum><text>Humanitarian
action should be neutral, without furthering a political or religious agenda or
favoring any side in an armed conflict or other dispute where such humanitarian
action is carried out.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HC81C96028814498892E1B60AFE2D4D10"><enum>(4)</enum><text>Humanitarian
action should be independent, without regard to the political, economic,
military, or other objectives that any actor may hold in relation to the
affected areas and populations.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H099074B72915477993A95A6972D91ED6"><enum>(5)</enum><text>Humanitarian
action should be undertaken in accordance with international human rights law,
international humanitarian law, refugee law, and the United Nations Guiding
Principles on Internal Displacement.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H87C500F2C30843B59679A0DF62C12AA4"><enum>(6)</enum><text>Humanitarian
action should meet international standards, using the SPHERE Minimum Standards
for Disaster Response and the Inter-Agency Standing Committee guidelines as
benchmarks, should be informed by the INEE Minimum Standards, and should
promote the principles and practices of Good Humanitarian Donorship.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H9F1DE76C91A74E469F0905420C7C71B8"><enum>(7)</enum><text>Protection of
civilians affected by conflict, disaster, and displacement from physical harm,
persecution, exploitation, abuse, malnutrition and disease, family separation,
sexual and gender-based violence, forcible recruitment, and other threats to
human rights is a core element of humanitarian action.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HB5A3E154AB4B48E49167CC4D173FAE14"><enum>(8)</enum><text>Humanitarian
action should be primarily civilian in nature. The Department of Defense should
provide humanitarian assistance overseas only as a last resort when there is no
comparable civilian alternative and when the use of military or civil defense
assets can uniquely meet a critical humanitarian need.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HA1CEBCE397F942E5AEE97EF6C939B42D"><enum>(9)</enum><text>When the military
is required to support a humanitarian response, its participation should be
subject to the overall leadership, coordination and policy guidance of civilian
agencies, who must be provided the requisite resources and authorities to
perform this leadership role.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HCC33668AB584495682EE0ED3C775C992"><enum>(10)</enum><text>The United States
should adopt, between the Department of State and USAID, a lead-agency approach
with a clear division of leadership and responsibility for humanitarian
response. Under the guidance of the President, the Secretary should lead for
operations responding to political and security crises, while the Administrator
should lead for operations in response to humanitarian crises resulting from
large-scale natural or industrial disasters, famines, disease outbreaks, and
other natural phenomena.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H13F0737C7A0E4C7EB7E448578B67D440"><enum>(11)</enum><text>Humanitarian
action should be undertaken in a timely, flexible, and efficient manner on the
basis of assessed needs.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H71725B918006428BB88A68A2BE19F111"><enum>(12)</enum><text>In addition to
providing funding for relief efforts, the United States should use its leverage
to assist humanitarian agencies in obtaining secure, unfettered access to
survivors in crisis situations.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H38046C4253324A8C9A9761B2D936747C"><enum>(13)</enum><text>To ensure
impartiality, neutrality, independence, and the appearance thereof,
humanitarian action should be implemented by intergovernmental and
nongovernmental international humanitarian organizations, in partnership with
local communities, indigenous organizations, and affected governments whenever
possible.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H5003E86C92F44AE39DC8953D7462C51F"><enum>(14)</enum><text>Individuals
affected by conflict, disaster, persecution, and displacement have the greatest
stake in the performance of humanitarian programs and should, to the greatest
possible extent, be involved in the design, implementation, monitoring, and
evaluation of such programs.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H9866FD7842BC49A499837C35A7F8B7FE"><enum>(15)</enum><text>Humanitarian,
reconstruction, and development programs should be coordinated, planned, and
funded to ensure continuity of life-sustaining services during transition
phases.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H2737FFABDE4443B485EFB02A4B05611D"><enum>(16)</enum><text>Humanitarian,
development, and other economic assistance programs should be designed with an
eye toward reducing the risk and impact of future conflict and crisis and
building resiliency among the most vulnerable populations.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H32716FCCC9F64563A1EC302A9A9BF6D2"><enum>(17)</enum><text>United States
humanitarian action should strive to ensure that refugees, internally displaced
persons, and other conflict-affected individuals and communities are treated
equally in the application of policy and the allocation of resources.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H40D7D884A6CF4A30BE0BE910BAE884B3"><enum>(18)</enum><text>To promote
learning, accountability, transparency, and the efficient use of resources, the
United States should support independent monitoring and evaluation of all
humanitarian assistance.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection commented="no" id="H783C862D898549E290DA7412FE375B1E"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Definition</header><text>In
this section—</text>
<paragraph id="HE51C8650C8AF499BBDCCA214EF685436"><enum>(1)</enum><text>the term
<term>United States humanitarian action</term> or <term>humanitarian
action</term> means—</text>
<subparagraph commented="no" id="H3F760BE872FE44F0972CA0DCF132889B"><enum>(A)</enum><text>humanitarian
assistance as defined in section 6;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" id="HB608AF3D111E446E8B5896F36FBD0094"><enum>(B)</enum><text>assistance under
any provision of law to save lives, alleviate human suffering, and protect
vulnerable populations in an international disaster; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" id="H811DFACAFC2F41DB9670C9695E727C7A"><enum>(C)</enum><text>diplomatic and
military activities in support of the goal and objectives of this chapter;
and</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H62007C8997494C95A16D0050F8FF8BFF"><enum>(2)</enum><text>the term
<term>INEE Minimum Standards</term> means the standards for education developed
by the Inter-Agency Network on Education in Emergencies for use in emergency
response, emergency preparedness, and humanitarian advocacy.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section id="H5F240E2912D24B379787F039A5C25E21"><enum>1904.</enum><header>International
disaster assistance</header>
<subsection id="H2A6C5BBB7E694F42A7788921A06B33C5"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Authorization</header><text>Notwithstanding
any other provision of this or any other Act, the Administrator is authorized
to provide assistance to any foreign country, international organization, or
private voluntary organization, on such terms and conditions as the
Administrator may determine, for international disaster relief, recovery, and
reconstruction, including assistance relating to disaster preparedness, and to
the prediction of, and contingency planning for, disasters and humanitarian
crises abroad.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HA7E65FBC4EF04EBCBEE6B10F5FE3BB0C"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Availability of
funds</header><text>Amounts made available under this section are authorized to
remain available until expended.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HBBBE106E620A44549E0158B79EB54E25"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Reimbursement
authority</header><text>In addition to amounts otherwise available to carry out
this section, up to $100,000,000 of amounts made available under subtitle A in
any fiscal year may be obligated for the purposes of, and in accordance with
the authorities of, this section. Amounts subsequently made available under
this section may be used to reimburse any account under which obligations were
incurred under this subsection.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="HE078F2D5808544E38649856D6D774B8D"><enum>1905.</enum><header>Emergency
Humanitarian Response Fund</header>
<subsection id="H3867E1D85B7F44DDADB1F933916ACEAD"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Authority</header><text>Whenever
the Administrator determines it to be important to the national interest of the
United States, the Administrator is authorized to provide, on such terms and
conditions as the Administrator may determine, assistance under this section
for the purpose of meeting unexpected urgent humanitarian and food assistance
needs, notwithstanding any other provision of law.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H1A43B60FC36C403BBDA3ABBFE290A43A"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Establishment</header><text>There
is established a United States Emergency Humanitarian Response Fund to carry
out the purposes of this section (in this section referred to as the
<quote>Fund</quote>).</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H6C33EEE9EDD3437B989A29D905619818"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Transfer
authority; availability of funds</header><text>In addition to amounts otherwise
available to carry out this section, the President is authorized to transfer to
the Fund from amounts made available under any other provision of this Act such
sums as may be necessary to carry out the purposes of this section, except that
the total amount in the Fund at any time shall not exceed $500,000,000. Amounts
in the Fund are authorized to remain available until expended.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H94CAB2CF035B477E93910E57927E6E1B"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Notification</header><text>The
President shall keep the appropriate congressional committees currently
informed of the use of funds and the exercise of functions authorized in this
section.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="H464E5CDF4ADC493497B2488B134DCB7C"><enum>1906.</enum><header>Definitions</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">In this subtitle:</text>
<paragraph id="H19B9CAD9D88644DCA418E118D9642BE0"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Disaster</header><text>The
term <term>disaster</term> means a human-caused or natural occurrence that
causes loss of life, health, property, or livelihood, inflicting severe
destruction and distress.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HBDD5F75DEC0F41ADB37A04685FE349EE"><enum>(2)</enum><header>International
disaster relief, recovery, and reconstruction</header><text>The term
<term>international disaster relief, recovery, and reconstruction</term>
means—</text>
<subparagraph id="H6AF6F5F2EC0E4682A5B5E9A2329A6CA8"><enum>(A)</enum><text>disaster planning
and preparedness, disaster risk reduction, and other actions to mitigate death
and destruction in the event of a disaster;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HFBE54F57E9BB451FBA7C922E9C954CCE"><enum>(B)</enum><text>immediate actions
intended to save lives, alleviate human suffering, and protect vulnerable
populations during and after a disaster;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H23DAA823667A401092FAF39392400F75"><enum>(C)</enum><text>short-term
measures to facilitate the transition to self-sufficiency and safe lives and
livelihoods following a disaster; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H31D128B70FAF47AC8B70D438472010D1"><enum>(D)</enum><text>actions to begin
to reconstitute basic services and facilities following a disaster.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H25B1C50FE0A34F0D821A1446949F0971"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Protect</header><text>The
terms <term>protect</term> and <term>protection</term>—</text>
<subparagraph id="H8665FA9770A84A7489C1EEEBB4D4B926"><enum>(A)</enum><text>mean all
activities aimed at obtaining full respect for the rights of the individual in
accordance with international human rights law, international humanitarian law,
refugee law, and the United Nations Guiding Principles on Internal
Displacement; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H5BFFBBB1797043F4A05E3C7C88692B9A"><enum>(B)</enum><text>include activities
to prevent, reduce, or mitigate the impact of violence, coercion, deprivation,
or abuse on individuals or groups during international disasters.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></section></subtitle><enum>II</enum><header>Advancing Peace
and Mitigating Conflict</header>
<section id="H66F4154C2E534EF6BB2BCCFBDA66FBF0"><enum>2001.</enum><header>Findings and
statement of policy</header>
<subsection id="H105138E7656D426AAB339B5FF6EBD93C"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Findings</header><text>Congress
finds the following:</text>
<paragraph id="HED1686FEC0CE4E03BAE869370C51BA40"><enum>(1)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Peacebuilding involves the full range of
approaches, processes, and stages of transforming violent conflict into stable,
peaceful relationships.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H794D02EA2B184151BD914C6A48FEB46F"><enum>(2)</enum><text>Because many of
the greatest threats to United States national security have emerged from
failed states, it is in the national security interest of the United States to
support peacebuilding efforts to stabilize and secure fragile states and states
under stress.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H20CF645F214E49FB9F4128265E238C74"><enum>(3)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">United States peacebuilding efforts are
most effective when they are undertaken in cooperation with the international
community, and when they build local capacity to prevent and stop violence and
mass atrocities.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HA38C6E391BCD46138955957818F9A645"><enum>(4)</enum><text>In the event that
prevention fails, the United States has an obligation to work both
multilaterally and bilaterally to mobilize diplomatic, humanitarian, financial,
and when necessary and appropriate, military resources to save lives and
protect civilian populations.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H8F0DD56097CB479DB0F1A6B54831772C"><enum>(5)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Civil society organizations, including
international nongovernmental organizations and local community groups, play an
important role in promoting nonviolent conflict resolution, fostering harmony
among religions, ethnic groups, communities, and factions, and facilitating
second-track diplomacy. By coordinating with and working through such
organizations, the United States can strengthen the effectiveness of its
peacebuilding programs.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HE8AB5962A3594A668F594AA8AB489325"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Statement of
policy</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">It is the policy of
the United States to promote civilian security and long-term sustainable,
secure, and stable communities.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="HF6A76A553634469E8BCA4DB22D78866F"><enum>2002.</enum><header>Definition</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">In this title, the term
<term>peacebuilding</term> means activities to prevent armed conflict, prevent
and respond to mass atrocities, stabilize weak and fragile states, protect
civilians in conflict zones, mitigate crises, help countries to rebuild and
recover after conflict, and support transitions to peace, stability, and
democracy.</text>
</section><subtitle id="H4214D7133E8C4587B722EF6EE0F6ACE3"><enum>A</enum><header>General
Authorities</header>
<section id="H77D696D4B2A746319F46EA699CB97717"><enum>2011.</enum><header>Peacekeeping</header>
<subsection id="HE75F826BDFA5484285322C8A4F9FE6CD"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Statement of
policy</header><text>It is the policy of the United States to employ a variety
of unilateral, bilateral, and multilateral means to respond to international
conflicts and crises, placing a high priority upon timely, preventive
diplomatic efforts and exercising a leadership role in promoting international
efforts to end crises peacefully.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H8AF34520751D4A55BC9FE29594FA04B4"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Authorization</header><text>The
Secretary is authorized to provide assistance to foreign countries,
international organizations, and regional arrangements, on such terms and
conditions as the Secretary may determine, for peacekeeping operations in
furtherance of the national security interests of the United States.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H5C0372D2BB0D4410BC7699540F9C4738"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Reimbursement</header><text>Such
assistance may include reimbursement for expenses incurred pursuant to section
7 of the United Nations Participation Act of 1945 (22 U.S.C. 287d–1), except
that such reimbursements may not exceed $5,000,000 in any fiscal year unless a
greater amount is specifically authorized by law.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H323AD4E62512467BA67C8FFEB6F340C5"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Determination</header><text>If
the President determines that, as the result of an unforeseen emergency, the
provision of assistance under this section in amounts in excess of amounts
otherwise made available for such assistance is important to the national
interests of the United States, the President may—</text>
<paragraph id="H5C7FAFAF069045E1B4999BA6F8B718EE"><enum>(1)</enum><text>exercise the
authority of section 10602 to transfer amounts made available to carry out
section 4103 for use under this section without regard to the 20 percent
increase limitation contained in section 10602, except that the total amount so
transferred in any fiscal year may not exceed $15,000,000; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H198226D53E4E4B77872EFEC3E27321AD"><enum>(2)</enum><text>in the event the
President also determines that such unforeseen emergency requires the immediate
provision of assistance under this section, direct the drawdown of commodities
and services from the inventory and resources of any agency of the United
States Government of an aggregate value not to exceed $25,000,000 in any fiscal
year.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section commented="no" id="H9336D2370AB74849B73427FB97980681"><enum>2012.</enum><header>Transition
initiatives</header>
<subsection commented="no" id="H0AD71AA6A4F443829DB5DBC722763021"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Authorization</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The Administrator is authorized to provide,
notwithstanding any other provision of law, assistance to support the
transition to peace, democracy, and sustainable development of a country or
region that is at risk of, in, or in transition from, conflict or civil
strife.</text>
</subsection><subsection commented="no" id="H8CA2855D2C394DAD98DFE91EE3535552"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Use of
funds</header><text>Assistance under this section includes support for the
following:</text>
<paragraph commented="no" id="HD98B04A983EA41079C92C5B960AAFE5A"><enum>(1)</enum><text>Developing or
strengthening democratic institutions and processes.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="H09370A587F0840E3AD30FC4D3688BE1E"><enum>(2)</enum><text>Short-term
economic and political stabilization.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="H54D14C836CC1492EA9C88C2187F1DF20"><enum>(3)</enum><text>Reconstructing or
revitalizing basic infrastructure.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="H7D891EA0EAFC4C8A95730BFF296E7F8C"><enum>(4)</enum><text>Fostering
reconciliation and the peaceful resolution of conflict.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection commented="no" id="H342D9F2E09BF421184D68F8BD3704762"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Transfer
authority</header><text>If the Secretary determines that it is important to the
national interests of the United States to provide transition assistance in
excess of amounts appropriated or otherwise made available under this section,
up to $25,000,000 of the funds made available under this Act may be used for
purposes of this section and under the authorities applicable to funds made
available under this section.</text>
</subsection><subsection commented="no" id="H8F51BBB6DBEA4FF691A52F9672C22546"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Notification</header>
<paragraph id="HDBCEDFA372CD4C44886A7B09162FB0E0"><enum>(1)</enum><header>By
administrator</header><text>The Administrator shall notify the appropriate
congressional committees not less than 5 days before beginning a new program of
assistance under this section.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="HF6D21A08155F48BF950E82129381DEB8"><enum>(2)</enum><header>By
Secretary</header><text>The Secretary shall notify the appropriate
congressional committee not less than 5 days before making a transfer pursuant
to subsection (c).</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section id="H8BFC8CD9AF404C9A8521946030C868AC"><enum>2013.</enum><header>Limit on
payment to United Nations and affiliated agencies</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">Section 404(b) of the Foreign Relations
Authorization Act, Fiscal Years 1994 and 1995 (Public Law 103–236; 22 U.S.C.
287e note) is amended—</text>
<paragraph id="H1CEE07CC803449538692BA811C6901E2"><enum>(1)</enum><text>by striking
<quote><header-in-text level="subsection" style="OLC">Contributions</header-in-text>.—</quote> and all that follows
through <quote>Funds authorized</quote> and inserting <quote><header-in-text level="subsection" style="OLC">Contributions</header-in-text>.—Funds
authorized</quote>; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HE0693E7DEEDD48468939FFD6CAF8D626"><enum>(2)</enum><text>by striking
paragraph (2).</text>
</paragraph></section><section id="H5C597B601B4E4B65978E4A57A4E2E24C"><enum>2014.</enum><header>Availability
of aircraft</header>
<subsection id="H386DB321BE384A3595A83ADEB98E917C"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The Secretary of
Defense is authorized to make available, on a nonreimbursable basis, aircraft
maintained and operated by the Department of Defense, to transport Department
of State personnel to prevent or respond to a conflict or civil strife,
including for use by Assistant Secretaries of State to conduct emergency
diplomatic missions in their regions of concern. Such aircraft may include
those aircraft assigned to combatant commanders in the Unified Command
Plan.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H085BAB49F1764C34B349C953496750B9"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Request</header><text>A
request to utilize the aircraft referred to in subsection (a) shall be provided
to the Secretary of Defense by the Secretary of State.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="H1CB433B96038475E9911A8B25D764647"><enum>2015.</enum><header>Complex
Crisis, Stabilization, and Prevention Fund</header>
<subsection id="H19569A04213740B58EDF4776067A4C51"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Establishment of
fund</header>
<paragraph id="H8BD1D7B6CCC7418EBB8016DEBE1DC4AA"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>The Secretary is authorized to establish a fund, to be
known as the <quote>Complex Crisis, Stabilization, and Prevention Fund</quote>
(referred to in this section as the <quote>Fund</quote>), to provide assistance
to a country or region designated by the Secretary as a country at risk of, in,
or in transition from, conflict or civil strife and for other purposes
authorized in this section.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H4496A9D6297E4CE79D0F93F39B074C1C"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Congressional
notification</header><text>The Secretary shall notify the appropriate
congressional committees at least five days in advance of an obligation of
funds under this section.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H3DF5F94001D2455E80B20F5FDF99640D"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Waiver</header><text>The
requirement for notification under paragraph (2) may be waived if—</text>
<subparagraph id="H152D7A2A07024107B8C654C29139E06C"><enum>(A)</enum><text>failure to do so
would pose a substantial risk to human health or welfare;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HF8DBDB7EB7C3448282811101BC65F949"><enum>(B)</enum><text>the appropriate
congressional committees are notified not later than three days after an
obligation of funds; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H3A8FFFFF820A4DCDBBC6812A3A416B1E"><enum>(C)</enum><text>such notification
contains an explanation of the emergency circumstances necessitating such
waiver.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H60FF025264C04E8AAC0A21B4F79359F1"><enum>(4)</enum><header>Purpose of
assistance</header><text>Assistance may be provided under this section for the
following purposes:</text>
<subparagraph id="H1FC65E0DDDCC42058106299F293BD25A"><enum>(A)</enum><text>Fostering
reconstruction or stabilization.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H88DD39A6FE194850B0B5E42F62BE1707"><enum>(B)</enum><text>Mitigating or
responding to emerging or unforeseen complex crises, including urgent
political, social, or economic challenges that threaten stability.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H435D640D7AF44B3A9634030A986EC99B"><enum>(C)</enum><text>Addressing
systemic and immediate causes of crises and conflict.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H8229D246337A4D73A2C377EF50C3A70C"><enum>(D)</enum><text>Undertaking
preventive measures to reduce the risk of crises and conflict and their impact
on vulnerable populations.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H393EA0F31E4A46659C794AAE97D1EAC4"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Limitation</header><text>The
Secretary shall ensure that assistance provided under this section is not used
for—</text>
<paragraph id="H39F1CE3CF65A4EC6870B550772FBBF55"><enum>(1)</enum><text>assistance of a
military nature or for a military purpose; or</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HFA5F665736A64190AE20359DC43DD1C2"><enum>(2)</enum><text>participation by
an officer or employee of the United States in a foreign police action.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HAC6484EAED3C4BC0AEDB82D2C670B219"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Conflict
prevention</header><text>Not less than 25 percent of amounts made available to
carry out this section shall be used to support programs and activities to
prevent an outbreak or escalation of violence in a country at risk of, in, or
in transition from, conflict or civil strife.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H248117A6664A43239881B23EAA305D39"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Transfer</header>
<paragraph id="H7BA1B3DD427A47A6898A59B9806A501C"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>The President may transfer up to $500,000,000 of amounts
made available under any other provision of law to be used to implement the
purposes of this section.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="HB8CECC7367EB4987985E01EDBBCE0179"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Additional
amounts</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Notwithstanding any
other provision of law, up to $5,000,000 or five percent, whichever is less, of
any amounts that are specifically designated by this or any other Act for
particular programs or activities may be transferred to carry out the purposes
of this section.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H2B480CA4869B465E8C8592FB0C220802"><enum>(e)</enum><header>Relationship to
other laws</header><text>Assistance provided from the Fund may be made
available notwithstanding any other provision of law.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="H6648899E791E48D69605C3B859AE2613"><enum>2016.</enum><header>Addressing
violence against women and girls in humanitarian relief, peacekeeping,
conflict, and post-conflict settings</header>
<subsection id="HE94E220CC511441CB0A46E0F2CCEBC65"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Activities of
the Department of State and Agency</header>
<paragraph id="H5DC876083C5C419DABC6924278785CCF"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Duties</header><text>The
Secretary and the Administrator are authorized to—</text>
<subparagraph id="HA8EA774F22884DB793D7E1FF94E0328E"><enum>(A)</enum><text>provide assistance
to programs carried out by international organizations, international and local
nongovernmental organizations, and governments, as appropriate, that—</text>
<clause id="HB9C16B273026499D9CF7A4AB544804D9"><enum>(i)</enum><text>prevent and
respond to violence against women and girls in humanitarian relief, in a
country or region at risk of, in, or in transition from, conflict or civil
strife;</text>
</clause><clause id="H615A98DAD46A49C892369EA4C9687AD9"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>build the
capacity of humanitarian organizations and government authorities, as
appropriate, to address the special protection needs of women and
children;</text>
</clause><clause id="HA832F05844BA461FB4E4E4E227C70AA5"><enum>(iii)</enum><text>support efforts
to provide immediate assistance to survivors of violence and reintegrate such
individuals through education, psychosocial assistance, trauma counseling,
family and community reinsertion and reunification, medical assistance, and
economic opportunity programs; and</text>
</clause><clause id="HD8D7207C6EBD48708DCE3E2B0C673B40"><enum>(iv)</enum><text>provide legal
services for women and girls who are victims of violence;</text>
</clause></subparagraph><subparagraph id="HEF48BF10CC8C4352BDDC1C5433824583"><enum>(B)</enum><text>work to
incorporate activities to prevent and respond to violence against women and
girls internationally into any multilateral or bilateral disarmament,
demobilization, rehabilitation, and reintegration efforts by—</text>
<clause id="HA75891359EFE445DBAC7401D5EEF371F"><enum>(i)</enum><text>providing
protection and suitable separate facilities in demobilization and transit
centers for women and girls formerly involved in, or associated with, fighting
forces;</text>
</clause><clause id="H226600FDB1854E37A030B58E991FBF28"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>ensuring
equitable reintegration activities and opportunities for such women and girls,
including access to schooling, vocational training, employment, and
childcare;</text>
</clause><clause id="H157B11D80D80448E8DC89A07C05482F0"><enum>(iii)</enum><text>providing
essential medical care and psychosocial support for such women and girls who
are victims of violence; and</text>
</clause><clause id="H65205488BC4B4CB59685654D596DDC69"><enum>(iv)</enum><text>incorporating
prevention and response to violence against women and girls into programs for
former combatants;</text>
</clause></subparagraph><subparagraph id="H9B12E875CBAE494F937C36852F7C3B84"><enum>(C)</enum><text>designate and
deploy specialists in violence against women and girls, as appropriate, as an
integral part of the Agency’s Disaster Assistance Response Teams to ensure the
integration of prevention and response to violence against women and girls
internationally in strategies and programming; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HCE462BA1861041AC9729513C047CE6BE"><enum>(D)</enum><text>strive to ensure
that all private partners and others carrying out humanitarian relief in a
country or region at risk of, in, or in transition from conflict or civil
strife—</text>
<clause id="H50D25CA9740A49CA89F59350A4764242"><enum>(i)</enum><text>train all
humanitarian workers in preventing and responding to violence against women and
girls, including in the use of mechanisms to report violence against women and
girls;</text>
</clause><clause id="H92CE6CC4A8A5476985004012A35FE838"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>conduct
appropriate public outreach to make known to the host community the mechanisms
to report violence against women and girls; and</text>
</clause><clause id="HDFCEACDB33B74F58AA64E55D383DE6BF"><enum>(iii)</enum><text>promptly and
appropriately respond to reports of violence against women and girls and treat
survivors in accordance with best practices regarding confidentiality.</text>
</clause></subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HBA9861C7F894463C8D9D1E6D86E61906"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Coordination of
United States Government efforts</header><text>The Secretary of Defense and the
Attorney General shall coordinate with the Secretary of State and the
Administrator when carrying out programs relevant to the purposes of this
section.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HAA3007F103AF4FAAA45DBC63B6B7226B"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Enhancing United
States leadership and advocacy in the United Nations</header>
<paragraph id="H954F40EC0FD247EB8C1C8AFACA901F4F"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Strengthening
United Nations procedures</header><text>The Secretary, in consultation with the
Administrator and the United States Permanent Representative to the United
Nations, is authorized to promote United Nations efforts to—</text>
<subparagraph id="H6594F80D0D134967968A30FEE2BD13A5"><enum>(A)</enum><text>develop and
implement appropriate training programs for peacekeeping and humanitarian
personnel in prevention and response to violence against women and girls
internationally;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H2D268B44C1A140F0991A74617F180C0D"><enum>(B)</enum><text>meet staffing
goals for women military and police peacekeepers, including all-women teams and
units;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H611188FD91AB4F998F97DBF985BDAFED"><enum>(C)</enum><text>enhance the
deployment of civilian women at all levels to serve in peacekeeping missions,
including through innovative staffing formulas;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HCF846E8DBBFB448B822DDA04C30CBD51"><enum>(D)</enum><text>institute
effective protection mechanisms in and around United Nations-managed refugee
and internally displaced persons camps;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H8AE5877DC378416992495FB3B3F1FD55"><enum>(E)</enum><text>implement a zero
tolerance policy for sexual exploitation and abuse in United Nations
peacekeeping and humanitarian operations;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HDEB2B3332E0F4AD3B6FD50CD7AF026C8"><enum>(F)</enum><text>support countries
that contribute troops and police in—</text>
<clause id="HF39430A0594B475FB8189EDCF5C3F774"><enum>(i)</enum><text>taking appropriate
actions to prevent violence and abuse;</text>
</clause><clause id="H65CA90DA172B4C0698B9BF9B0F96EC02"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>providing
materials for pre-deployment and in-theater awareness training; and</text>
</clause><clause id="H693794B0D12B402C9F2EE810DE675330"><enum>(iii)</enum><text>taking other
actions to promote full accountability in cases of abusive conduct involving
the personnel of such countries;</text>
</clause></subparagraph><subparagraph id="HD648B20DFA054473B559B585CBCF94DB"><enum>(G)</enum><text>continue to expand
appropriate mechanisms to permit individuals to safely bring to the attention
of United Nations peacekeeping commanders and heads of humanitarian missions
allegations of violence against women and girls internationally; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HCC147B1AA67346EA91D40F18DDEE0F87"><enum>(H)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">ensure the capacity of the United Nations
Office of Internal Oversight to investigate in a timely and efficient manner
all credible allegations of violence against women and girls internationally,
while protecting the whistleblower.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H337022632F664B54AE4BB9298E6D02D2"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Emergency
response to violence against women and girls</header>
<paragraph id="H955C5A0674BB48E191072789A7B5614A"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Emergency
response</header><text>Not later than 45 days after receiving a credible report
of serious or widespread incidents of violence against women and girls in a
situation of armed conflict or civil strife, the Secretary and the
Administrator shall, in consultation with relevant stakeholders, identify and
implement emergency response measures.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H6E47DA7138474635911B105228A8F139"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Consultation</header><text>For
the purposes of paragraph (1), the term <term>relevant stakeholders</term>
includes, as appropriate—</text>
<subparagraph id="HB1ED231FC01E40AFA5E4D03B0F27D6DF"><enum>(A)</enum><text>affected
populations;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H760985DC9AED4E159954EBB5503839A9"><enum>(B)</enum><text>international,
multilateral, and nongovernmental organizations operating in the affected
area;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H1BF634C6D4A648A1AEF6D8C2347CD96A"><enum>(C)</enum><text>the government of
the country in which the violence is occurring;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HFE8902F06B1043BE84121A0683FF97C2"><enum>(D)</enum><text>governments in the
region in which the violence is occurring; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HFA2973E454EA48048D6C19440B3A9157"><enum>(E)</enum><text>donor
governments.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H29B22600781142358613544759264682"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Congressional
briefings</header><text>The Secretary shall brief the appropriate congressional
committees not less than quarterly on the status of incidents of violence
against women and girls in situations of armed conflict or civil strife,
emergency response measures taken, and consultations with relevant
stakeholders.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section id="H78B0D46CDF6B4852ACA90561FDD20133"><enum>2017.</enum><header>Demining
activities</header>
<subsection id="H2F0B5C08618F436E888204AD105FF1B0"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The Secretary is
authorized, notwithstanding any other provision of law, to provide assistance
to foreign countries for demining activities, including—</text>
<paragraph id="H1C8945FD1E0744CCA99F42F845550070"><enum>(1)</enum><text>clearance of
unexploded ordinance;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H1D979A64F89741CB80A3B7918F2522BA"><enum>(2)</enum><text>the destruction of
small arms; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H158B1E6F5A434F2C80EBB39D992D7C31"><enum>(3)</enum><text>related
activities.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection commented="no" id="H7F6F2F405DA9447B8D32002D553DD786"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Special
authority</header><text>Subject to such terms and conditions as the Secretary
may prescribe, the Secretary is authorized to make grants of demining equipment
to foreign countries and international organizations, for the purposes
identified in this section.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="H9DD8FCE2748A4A32A3B9A4B9207E87AB"><enum>2018.</enum><header>Disarmament,
demobilization, reintegration, and rehabilitation activities</header>
<subsection id="HDD93F07BF8824A518CC5AC7C397410A7"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The Secretary, in
coordination with the Administrator, is authorized to carry out programs in
foreign countries to assist the disarmament, demobilization, reintegration, and
rehabilitation of former combatants.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H2394106D5F024CAB986A98D1FBABDD1F"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Coordination</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The programs referred to in subsection (a)
shall be coordinated, as appropriate, with international nongovernmental
organizations and the government of the country in which any such program is
carried out.</text>
</subsection></section></subtitle><subtitle id="H92C0DDBB32EC4514B85B639518F33FCC"><enum>B</enum><header>Strategies,
Assessments, and Reports</header>
<section id="HC9C9803592734595B24541F6E28A8F86"><enum>2021.</enum><header>Regional
conflict risk assessment and conflict mitigation strategy</header>
<subsection id="H32D1C52EF9FC486390247EA20AC485EC"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Findings</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Congress finds the following:</text>
<paragraph id="H0BE8FBEC689E4950957B76637E9F9B75"><enum>(1)</enum><text>Armed conflict and
civil strife often stem from dynamics that transcend traditional state borders
and require cross-border and regional approaches.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H4B9D8E28A1014A1CBBC047C4757A8A8F"><enum>(2)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">United States diplomacy is often conducted
on a bilateral, state-centric basis that fails to address problems
comprehensively or to identify and assess the full range of issues and
opportunities.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H37A198BE8FDB43B08B8C3BBAC09C1DBA"><enum>(3)</enum><text>A
comprehensive approach towards conflict prevention is required, incorporating
cross border and regional dynamics and non-state actors.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H1116E07D81A84EA695C9905147C83B8A"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Conflict
assessment</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The Secretary,
acting through the Under Secretary for Civilian Security, Democracy, and Human
Rights and in consultation with the Administrator, shall be responsible for
ensuring that an annual regional conflict risk assessment is conducted for each
geographic region represented by an Assistant Secretary. Each assessment shall
include the following:</text>
<paragraph id="H88E67EA1F0BA45C2ABF6AF5F12F29F0D"><enum>(1)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">An identification of ongoing violent
conflicts in the region.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HC76CEEC5BEC7448C8E7225FEE2960B06"><enum>(2)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">An evaluation of the potential for
outbreaks of violent conflict in the region.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HE696A1F0E5C14528B508F5A77DA41AA9"><enum>(3)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">A list of those conflicts determined to be
at high risk of outbreak of escalation.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HB8AC88339B4A4BE5B1CF732B962DB974"><enum>(4)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">A description of new opportunities and
challenges for conflict mitigation in the region.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HAFB5E2E703A74D00AA2C43290710E29D"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Conflict
mitigation strategy</header><text>For each conflict identified in subsection
(b)(3), the relevant office or diplomatic or consular post of the Department of
State, in consultation with the relevant office or overseas mission of the
Agency, shall develop a conflict mitigation strategy. Such strategy shall
include the following elements:</text>
<paragraph id="H0A16365B4F684239AEF0644F4476ACE6"><enum>(1)</enum><text>An analysis of the
key drivers of potential conflict.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HDDE4E222D323405EA688520ABEA198D0"><enum>(2)</enum><text>An analysis of the
impact of current United States policies and programs on the drivers referred
to in paragraph (1).</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H3E57A5BD83F84B1594A7D5B24F3E51C4"><enum>(3)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Specific objectives in mitigating conflict
for the next 1- to 3-year period, including indicators and other measurements
of progress.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H45351AC5EA394BDA8B680FA25573D90C"><enum>(4)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">A plan for ensuring that basic human needs
are met and civilians are protected during the period of the strategy.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HBDB9BAB5B58C44719697CC83E3F2D7A4"><enum>(5)</enum><text>A
description of policies and programs needed to achieve the objectives
identified in paragraph (3).</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H06987844B3B04513AE16631B1E2445AE"><enum>(6)</enum><text>A
description of how such policies and programs will be coordinated with the
policies and programs of local partners and the international community.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H3A1E2349976148CAB7265B27C1AC2337"><enum>(7)</enum><text>A
description of the roles of each Federal agency in carrying out the conflict
mitigation strategy, and the mechanisms for interagency coordination.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H4103B04FE3D24C829C264D0540266FE5"><enum>(8)</enum><text>The requirements
for human and financial resources to carry out the conflict mitigation strategy
over the next 1- to 3-year period.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H1AEA60B97F1540E1B2E163BCA15372CE"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Consultation</header><text>In
preparing each conflict mitigation strategy required under subsection (c), the
relevant office or diplomatic or consular post of the Department of State shall
consult with a wide range of local stakeholders, including civil society
organizations.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H3E667010C99E46569163CAA94EAB29EE"><enum>(e)</enum><header>Transmission to
congress</header><text>Each conflict mitigation strategy required under
subsection (c) shall be transmitted to the appropriate congressional
committees.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="H15CBAC5AA4AB4FB6AA58E3D7BCEB0C4B"><enum>2022.</enum><header>Data on costs
incurred in support of United Nations peacekeeping operations</header>
<subsection id="H2B1E275FE8714B8C93DABC16645D66C6"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Quarterly
reports</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The Secretary of
Defense shall submit, on a quarterly basis, to the Committee on Armed Services
of the House of Representatives, the Committee on Armed Services of the Senate,
the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives, and the
Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate a report setting forth all costs
(including incremental costs) incurred by the Department of Defense during the
preceding quarter in implementing or supporting resolutions of the United
Nations Security Council, including any such resolution calling for
international sanctions, international peacekeeping operations, or humanitarian
missions undertaken by the Department of Defense. Each quarterly report shall
include an aggregate of all such Department of Defense costs by operation or
mission.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H6CF787421C1E4408A240F9B59E48091C"><enum>(b)</enum><header>United States
costs</header><text>The President shall annually transmit to the Secretary
General of the United Nations the information required under subsection
(a).</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HCF05B3C9895C4BBF8A44B50ABA143C25"><enum>(c)</enum><header>United Nations
Member State costs</header><text>The President shall direct the permanent
representative of the United States to the United Nations to request that the
United Nations compile and publish information concerning costs incurred by
United Nations Member States in support of the resolutions described in
subsection (a).</text>
</subsection></section><section id="HBB004B1698674D3589AE82A82ED86C05"><enum>2023.</enum><header>Peace on
Cyprus and in the Eastern Mediterranean</header>
<subsection id="H831DBC2007CF47DB869DCB72DB3C2D35"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Policy and
principles</header><text>United States policy regarding Cyprus, Greece, and
Turkey shall be directed toward the establishment of stability and peace in the
Eastern Mediterranean region and shall therefore be governed by the following
principles:</text>
<paragraph id="HBE887918D2374513970138BF0F7C3679"><enum>(1)</enum><text>The United States
shall actively support the resolution of differences in the Eastern
Mediterranean region through negotiations, encourage all parties to avoid
provocative actions, and strongly oppose any attempt to resolve disputes
through force or threat of force.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H5D5AF166C9FF4B01B9DBFD5976B8F83A"><enum>(2)</enum><text>The United States
shall provide defense articles to Greece and Turkey only with full
consideration for maintaining balance and stability in the Eastern
Mediterranean.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HBB07FBF38ACF46DBA72419CCAEA74CD1"><enum>(3)</enum><text>Sustained
improvement in Greek-Turkish bilateral relations is in the interests of the
United States, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization, and the countries of the
Eastern Mediterranean region.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HDC2D2016BB894D3989D0A38A69646D1D"><enum>(4)</enum><text>Consistent with
longstanding United States policy, the United States recognizes and shall
continue to recognize the sovereignty of the Republic of Cyprus over the whole
of Cyprus, other than the British Sovereign Base Areas. Accordingly, the United
States recognizes the Republic of Cyprus’ rights to its territorial seas and
economic exclusion zone (EEZ).</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H4A1A4244EDAD41E2825C9380AC1CAED4"><enum>(5)</enum><text>The near-term
achievement of a just and lasting settlement to the Cyrus problem is a central
objective of United States foreign policy.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HB4411D5B927248E0A3C5A1116CB5C61E"><enum>(6)</enum><text>A
just settlement on Cyprus must involve the re-unification of the island based
on a bi-zonal, bi-communal federation with a single sovereignty, international
personality, and citizenship, with its independence and territorial integrity
safeguarded, and comprising two politically equal communities, as provided for
in relevant United Nations Security Council resolutions.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H037C3AAFF18C475F9179626D3A1677C0"><enum>(7)</enum><text>Freedom of
religion and respect for the cultural and religious heritage of all Cypriot
communities shall be protected and promoted throughout the island.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HD054F299A4994199AF42B8F8E438901D"><enum>(8)</enum><text>Agreement on the
near-term return of Greek Cypriot refugees to Famagusta (Varosha) would
constitute an important confidence-building measure.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H6762C1B472E64D408F27A09E29CC216A"><enum>(9)</enum><text>The United States
shall use its influence to ensure the continuation of the ceasefire on Cyprus
until an equitable negotiated settlement is reached.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H6C040AD2CBF64F88827F9247C403B696"><enum>(10)</enum><text>The United States
shall use its influence to achieve the withdrawal of Turkish military forces
from Cyprus and to effect an end to Turkey’s illegal transfer of its citizens
to Cyprus.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H1853032EC50A496D8E5355D031C1C1CD"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Quarterly
report</header>
<paragraph id="HC81393A0200F410BB6A6D0CE2E205B86"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Sense of
congress</header><text>Because progress toward a Cyprus settlement is a high
priority of United States policy in the Eastern Mediterranean region, it is the
sense of Congress that the President should continually review that progress
and should determine United States policy in the region accordingly.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H4FF3EA1C7B074DD9BC9F319615035E23"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Report</header><text>To
facilitate such a review, the President shall, not later than 90 days after the
date of the enactment of this Act and at the end of each succeeding 90-day
period thereafter, transmit to the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of
Representatives and the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate a report
describing efforts to achieve the demilitarization of Cyprus and a negotiated
solution to the Cyprus problem.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HBF7E13539DD44D998D37CF67CA5E39A8"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Certification</header><text>In
order to ensure that security assistance to Greece and Turkey is provided
consistent with the policies established in this section, the Secretary shall,
whenever transmitting a certification pursuant to section 4382 for Greece or
Turkey, include in that certification a full explanation of how the proposed
sale accords with the principles set forth in subsection (a).</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HE7511E7C05F440F98D877FBF0E98E651"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Restriction</header>
<paragraph id="H690D69B3D4B540E3BFE71E565AD280AA"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>Beginning on the day after the date of the enactment of
this Act, no articles, information, technology or services controlled for
export pursuant to this Act, the former authority of the Arms Export Control
Act, or the Export Administration Act of 1979 (as continued in effect under the
International Emergency Economic Powers Act) may be exported, re-exported,
transferred, or provided to a military end-user, or for a military end-use, in
the internationally recognized territory of the Republic of Cyprus, including
Turkish-occupied northern Cyprus.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H78B2C0A7DA9147CEAFDEBC1151EDF070"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Report</header><text>The
President shall submit to Congress a report on any credible information that
articles, information, technology, or services have been used in a manner
inconsistent with this subsection.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HB77E75D5C1AA47EB850ACE30E1AD71A4"><enum>(e)</enum><header>Limitation on
funds</header><text>Funds made available for Cyprus under this Act shall be
provided only for programs and activities that are consistent with the goal of
reunification of Cyprus and the achievement of a bi-communal, bi-zonal
federation.</text>
</subsection></section></subtitle><subtitle id="HC4DFA50BE792414B961A62CFF0E965D2"><enum>C</enum><header>Organizations and
Personnel</header>
<section id="HE22409A6CF1F4A799E39910DE4E3843F"><enum>2031.</enum><header>Atrocities
Prevention Board</header>
<subsection id="H1BCAC1C913704D99A78DC2BFD139922E"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Findings</header><text>Congress
makes the following findings:</text>
<paragraph id="H58EF38CD7EB64431BBD2A30EED7F3934"><enum>(1)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Non-combatants comprise most of the
casualties in modern conflict.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HDA1035BDD163401D8019ADDA2623559E"><enum>(2)</enum><text>In many cases,
civilian deaths are the result of belligerents deliberately targeting civilians
on a wide scale.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H7ED6681EE5D94B98942E9CBC48B7ABBF"><enum>(3)</enum><text>Civilians are
vulnerable both during interstate conflict and intrastate situations, such as
civil wars, insurgencies, and anarchic conditions associated with failed
states.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H51A818E8D46A4434B0FE12E99A9C33B5"><enum>(4)</enum><text>There are common
variables to situations giving rise to atrocities, including past history of
such occurrences, persistence of articulated and non-articulated tensions, and
poor or malevolent leadership.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HA45FEF2E3A734ABEBEF47E4B998F87DB"><enum>(5)</enum><text>Most tellingly,
atrocities—including genocide—often occur when displaced persons attempt to
flee conflict.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H70C116CA99144EECBC0DF11B4D3F96C8"><enum>(6)</enum><text>The United States
is committed to working with our allies, and to strengthening our own internal
capabilities, in order to ensure that the United States and the international
community are proactively engaged in a strategic effort to prevent mass
atrocities and genocide. In the event that prevention fails, the United States
will work both multilaterally and bilaterally to mobilize diplomatic,
humanitarian, financial, and—in certain instances—military means to prevent and
respond to genocide and mass atrocities.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HBD041FA4196E4F51917FDE65172F0F67"><enum>(7)</enum><text>Preventing mass
atrocities and genocide is a core national security interest and a core moral
responsibility of the United States.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H96AED70B5E5147C2AC84F3F1DE3D1D8B"><enum>(8)</enum><text>United States
security is affected when masses of civilians are slaughtered, refugees flow
across borders, and murderers wreak havoc on regional stability and
livelihoods.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H9D23B6A2F2BC41F7BD3B6D6BE2F629D0"><enum>(9)</enum><text>Governmental
engagement on atrocities and genocide too often arrives too late, when
opportunities for prevention or low-cost, low-risk action have been
missed.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HADE79F882BF740B0917336B5BE6DF544"><enum>(10)</enum><text>Ensuring that a
full range of options is available to senior policy makers requires a level of
governmental organization that matches the methodical organization
characteristic of mass killings.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H160F2ECBB7974FDF9354D9DEA7611712"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Establishment of
Interagency Atrocities Prevention Board</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The President shall establish an
Interagency Atrocities Prevention Board (in this section referred to as the
<quote>Board</quote>) with the following responsibilities:</text>
<paragraph id="H420D0960D0A6457FBCDA72458A89C25B"><enum>(1)</enum><text>Coordinate and
synchronize a whole of government approach to preventing mass
atrocities.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HD41026BA5F27435081232E8104CF0DA0"><enum>(2)</enum><text>Integrate the
early warning systems of national security agencies, including intelligence
agencies, with respect to incidents of mass atrocities and coordinate the
policy response to such incidents.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HE08489C44ECA4F26819A9B174579D5AB"><enum>(3)</enum><text>Conduct gaming and
contingency planning exercises regarding atrocities prevention and
response.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H775F1DAE01CE40C19B8CB2AC7369C632"><enum>(4)</enum><text>Oversee the
development and implementation of comprehensive atrocities prevention and
response strategies.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="H9CB1285A15B04F55904FC18865EA1BB3"><enum>(5)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Identify available resources and policy
options necessary to prevent the emergence or escalation of mass atrocities,
including—</text>
<subparagraph id="H52E068E1B1574BFA8A369082F22B7D69"><enum>(A)</enum><text>foreign
assistance;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H6C9224AD73CB4C82AA975A06CAF292F9"><enum>(B)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">diplomatic initiatives;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" id="HC2A1BA61432D45CFA23AC41AD4FA8C52"><enum>(C)</enum><text>deployment of
civilian expertise;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" id="H26029E0CA425472499A0FB02F07C4D24"><enum>(D)</enum><text>use of sanctions;
and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" id="HFC155BC61C7F4BCD9506A4EF813677A8"><enum>(E)</enum><text>military
options.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="HDC665334267F402DB392E97DFA5B0C51"><enum>(6)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Identify and close gaps in expertise,
readiness, and planning for atrocities prevention and early action across
Federal agencies.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H33DBFFC116BB41448D3D2121F40649C1"><enum>(7)</enum><text>Ensure that risk
assessments and policies to mitigate identified risks are communicated in a
timely fashion to the relevant Federal agencies and integrated into
activities.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H729E1D08A48E408DAD248BEF6EA1D917"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Leadership</header>
<paragraph id="HE816C76DA0574748904B82074B23716D"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>The Board shall be headed by a senior director selected
by the President, and who shall report to the Assistant to the President for
National Security Affairs (commonly referred to as the <quote>National Security
Advisor</quote>).</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HD4A78EB6EFED496F8764ACA8213F2E79"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Responsibilities</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The senior director shall have primary
responsibility for promoting United States Government policies to protect
individuals affected by conflict and atrocities and carrying out the
responsibilities identified in subsection (b).</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H2E71DAC6ACDE420AB54F280D9D7E0B4F"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Composition</header><text>The
Board shall be composed of representatives from the following agencies, and
such others as the President determines appropriate:</text>
<paragraph id="H754498FA3BE340AB8D8BE94D82F89EFE"><enum>(1)</enum><text>The Department of
Defense.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H3CAB257CA0AF465CBA3B84E2D83F9D4A"><enum>(2)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The United States Agency for International
Development.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HA4F153B17DB74383B8269A0DD18D63EE"><enum>(3)</enum><text>The Department of
State.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HF5083A4870694DC6A1A3716ED09D0E4E"><enum>(4)</enum><text>The Department of
Justice.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H2DE0A326BB964F198857755C701D103C"><enum>(5)</enum><text>The Department of
the Treasury.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H43ADC7C001604169B2660619E71DAEF7"><enum>(6)</enum><text>The Department of
Homeland Security.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H0E70840D37C248D38E65A259259DDA9D"><enum>(7)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The Central Intelligence Agency.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H1781E85A06774F46A521ED1108C13276"><enum>(8)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The Office of the Director of National
Intelligence.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H762AA4D6569B4FFB9F599B3565E03B57"><enum>(9)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The United States Mission to the United
Nations.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section id="HACF43BFAFF404735BF2E2EA2557135FA"><enum>2032.</enum><header>Under
Secretary for Civilian Security, Democracy, and Human Rights</header>
<subsection id="H32E94CF0433E4C068FDD6DBEBCD87A18"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>Section 1(b) of the State Department Basic Authorities
Act of 1956 (22 U.S.C. 2651a(b)) is amended—</text>
<paragraph id="H08418EB31122450B8661C66C0719DFA6"><enum>(1)</enum><text>by redesignating
paragraph (4) as paragraph (5); and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H7D22DCADC0594A67B9466448A0E36784"><enum>(2)</enum><text>by inserting after
paragraph (3) the following new paragraph:</text>
<quoted-block display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HD50A2BA8EEC44E9C80E85B2B21A82CF0" style="OLC">
<paragraph id="HD222147D455C48D5AFA11E4AECDBB013"><enum>(4)</enum><header>Under Secretary
for Civilian Security, Democracy, and Human Rights</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">There
shall be in the Department of State, among the Under Secretaries authorized by
paragraph (1), an Under Secretary for Civilian Security, Democracy, and Human
Rights, who shall have primary responsibility to assist the Secretary and the
Deputy Secretary in the formation and implementation of policy, activities, and
oversight related to crisis prevention and response, democracy, human rights,
and labor, and refugees and migration. The Under Secretary for Civilian
Security, Democracy, and Human Rights shall—</text>
<subparagraph display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H27EAB6E2972244BBA41078BDC1646936"><enum>(A)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">coordinate and implement civilian responses
to conflict, including deployment of the Civilian Response Corps;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HE4571ACE92834F85A039D06E70F80C63"><enum>(B)</enum><text>oversee the full
spectrum of conflict-related policies and programs in the Department of
State;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H6765CFA657DC4A06A5349A462B19AF1D"><enum>(C)</enum><text>conduct strategic
planning and budgeting for conflict-related activities within the Department of
State;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H78A0530363B044A4AC3B4829AB2DC4B7"><enum>(D)</enum><text>manage prevention
and response to refugee and humanitarian crises, including support for major
international organizations involved in aid to conflict affected populations;
and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HF25A1125070640A3932C1E36263AC74B"><enum>(E)</enum><text>advance human
rights and democratic
values.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H6283AA6D03754F92B99B186DAB8AC095"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Abolition</header><text>The
position of Under Secretary for Democracy and Global Affairs is hereby
abolished.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H1CAB838DB89D4E50BFAED14320221EA7"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Transfer</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Responsibilities for the position of Under
Secretary for Democracy and Global Affairs shall be transferred to the Under
Secretary for Civilian Security, Democracy and Human Rights, as appropriate.
The individual serving in the capacity of Under Secretary for Democracy and
Global Affairs as of the date of the enactment of this Act may continue serve
in the capacity of the Under Secretary for Civilian Security, Democracy, and
Human Rights.</text>
</subsection><subsection commented="no" id="HC4524D5A51014B678EC178AA3D12B8ED"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Conforming
amendment</header><text>Section 2113(a) of the Implementing Recommendations of
the 9/11 Commission Act of 2007 (22 U.S.C. 8213(a); Public Law 110–53) is
amended by striking <quote>Under Secretary of State for Democracy and Global
Affairs</quote> and inserting <quote>Under Secretary of State for Civilian
Security, Democracy, and Human Rights</quote>.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="H237EC130EF794383AC9C161327C5670E"><enum>2033.</enum><header>Conflict and
stabilization operations</header>
<subsection id="H99A8E4D2F7E14CE7A0642E5278ACEB13"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Section 62 of the
State Department Basic Authorities Act of 1956 (22 U.S.C. 2734) is amended to
read as follows:</text>
<quoted-block display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HF476BC9BB8F945609DA76C5E799087B0" style="OLC">
<section id="H503B18619ABD47CFA0EA7C8D6386CE9C"><enum>62.</enum><header>Conflict and
stabilization operations</header>
<subsection id="H17A5B0B60B9240AABD15FF94801422FA"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Bureau of
Conflict and Stabilization Operations</header>
<paragraph id="H78D1F3B853A546E78D0B5D3746173706"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Establishment</header><text>There
is established within the Department of State the Bureau of Conflict and
Stabilization Operations.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H228C2B625A004BDDA6A7956D304466F7"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Assistant
Secretary for Conflict and Stabilization Operations</header><text>The head of
the Bureau shall be the Assistant Secretary for Conflict and Stabilization
Operations. The Assistant Secretary shall report directly to the Under
Secretary for Civilian Security, Democracy, and Human Rights.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H33C9EB70DB0048E9BD32033A4C43147A"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Functions</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The functions of the Bureau of Conflict and
Stabilization Operations shall include the following:</text>
<subparagraph commented="no" id="H37A13FD86FA6480E9AB01A583854D07A"><enum>(A)</enum><text>Training,
equipping, and deploying the Civilian Response Corps described in subsection
(b)(1).</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" id="H432F3F21BE52483EB04859884BF631CE"><enum>(B)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Developing, at the request of a Chief of
Mission, a strategy or plan, and designing relevant programming, for
stabilization and reconstruction, as appropriate to the local context.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" id="HB1B8B2F0FF3C4D7E91405F8479B3B1E8"><enum>(C)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">At the request of a Chief of Mission,
mobilizing and deploying members of the Civilian Response Corps as
needed.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H43DC3D8473F0472084B6953919A10897"><enum>(D)</enum><text>Entering into
appropriate arrangements with agencies to carry out activities under this
section and the Reconstruction and Stabilization Civilian Management Act of
2008 (title XVI of the Duncan Hunter National Defense Authorization Act for
Fiscal Year 2009; Public Law 110–417).</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HA0EB3D8B568B45439D254C0BB75986C7"><enum>(E)</enum><text>Identifying and
recruiting personnel in State and local governments, including law enforcement
personnel, and in the private sector who are available to participate in the
Reserve Corps established under subsection (b)(1)(B) or to otherwise
participate in or contribute to reconstruction and stabilization
activities.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H478BC3AEC3794F588BA5A45F205C568B"><enum>(F)</enum><text>Taking steps to
ensure that training and education of civilian personnel to perform such
reconstruction and stabilization operations is adequate and is carried out, as
appropriate, with other offices in the Department of State and the United
States Agency for International Development involved with reconstruction and
stabilization activities.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HF928290D575B4A5AABE3362D334DC579"><enum>(G)</enum><text>Maintaining the
capacity to field on short notice an evaluation team consisting of personnel
from all relevant agencies to undertake on-site needs assessment.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HACB37396C0E144B1AFE8BEF0C684088F"><enum>(H)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Maintaining a staff of experts to provide
technical support for crisis mitigation, including mediation and negotiation
support teams.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H9F4D3D58319749BBA99FBF4428D08596"><enum>(I)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Establishing and maintaining a cadre of
deployable personnel to conduct contingency acquisition support.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HEC53B1D7822C4FE291F8D372A1B11554"><enum>(J)</enum><text>Establishing and
maintaining on active status a contingency contracting office for the purpose
of procuring goods, equipment, and services for use in contingency operations
and for assistance to support reconstruction and stabilization
activities.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H2DA7601A9A584331B6F8B9D186112B2E"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Civilian
Response Corps</header>
<paragraph id="HF7B2E05F4FBE40AB8B4EFDC8FEA84F4F"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The Secretary of
State shall establish and maintain a Civilian Response Corps (referred to in
this section as the <quote>Corps</quote>) to provide assistance in support of
reconstruction and stabilization activities in countries or regions that are at
risk of, in, or are in transition from, conflict or civil strife. The Corps
shall be composed of active and reserve components.</text>
<subparagraph id="H94343483041B4517BA9FAEF3F27B1954"><enum>(A)</enum><header>Active
Corps</header>
<clause id="H178D0CAC5F0F4B4290B22BFB2C4E4373"><enum>(i)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>The Active Corps shall be composed of not more than 200
positions identified by the Secretary of State, in consultation with the
Administrator, based on the skillsets identified by the Coordinator.</text>
</clause><clause id="HAF7AF8248CD64F88AFD85EF22019F470"><enum>(ii)</enum><header>Membership</header><text>The
Active Corps shall consist of United States Government personnel, including
employees of the Department of State, the United States Agency for
International Development, and other agencies.</text>
</clause><clause id="HB65EB3FFD23544888636EF62AEE83F3B"><enum>(iii)</enum><header>Duties</header><text>Members
of the Active Corps shall—</text>
<subclause id="H4A451254A34A4A1BA3E6ABF8C3919A97"><enum>(I)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">serve as liaisons between the Bureau of
Conflict and Stabilization Operations and regional bureaus of the Department of
State;</text>
</subclause><subclause id="H5E65314CF48A42EF855BAC8BEE08B0E8"><enum>(II)</enum><text>unless deployed
abroad, be employed by the Under Secretary for Civilian Security, Democracy,
and Human Rights; and</text>
</subclause><subclause id="HED8C42DFB9194C1E8226229D39B8A60D"><enum>(III)</enum><text>deploy, within
72 hours, anywhere outside the United States where the Secretary of State
directs.</text>
</subclause></clause><clause id="H0B907B240CE0486FAD828DD3DE84FAD8"><enum>(iv)</enum><header>Surge</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Members of the Active Corps may be detailed
by the Assistant Secretary for Conflict and Stabilization Operations to
regional bureaus of the Department of State to augment crisis and conflict
planning and response.</text>
</clause></subparagraph><subparagraph id="HDB08AF57520D48598C221860C9F98763"><enum>(B)</enum><header>Reserve
Corps</header>
<clause id="HFF2DD333E4254A598C0E9912B44FC2B9"><enum>(i)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>The Reserve Corps shall consist of United States
Government personnel, individuals employed by State or local governments, or
other experts who have the skills necessary for supporting reconstruction and
stabilization activities, or who shall be trained and employed to carry out
such activities, and who have volunteered for such purpose.</text>
</clause><clause id="H5FE242245D284F338C496CC961EF695F"><enum>(ii)</enum><header>List</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The Secretary shall maintain and
continually update a database composed of personnel who have volunteered for
the Reserve Corps.</text>
</clause><clause id="HB164F83EB35141109AE993D24664704F"><enum>(iii)</enum><header>Duties</header><text>Members
of the Reserve Corps shall—</text>
<subclause id="H89E1B94703684A5BBBA3036A76AF0562"><enum>(I)</enum><text>on a voluntary
basis, deploy within 72 hours, anywhere outside the United States, where the
Secretary of State directs; and</text>
</subclause><subclause id="H9F0ECA98412F44B1AB429B081782B255"><enum>(II)</enum><text>maintain
appropriate skills and conditioning to deploy to assist in reconstruction and
stabilization activities.</text>
</subclause></clause></subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="HE3956D5E267346C0BE35CD1DD8AAC0B9"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Mitigation of
domestic impact</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The
establishment and deployment of any Reserve Corps shall be undertaken in a
manner that avoids substantively impairing the capacity and readiness of the
Federal Government or any State or local government from which Reserve Corps
personnel may be drawn.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H681AEFE677BE4DCEAA398A526D6E8F0B"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Existing
training and education programs</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The Secretary of State shall ensure that
personnel of the Department of State, and, in coordination with the
Administrator of the United States Agency for International Development, that
personnel of USAID, have access to and make use of the relevant existing
training and education programs offered within the Federal Government, such as
those at the Center for Stabilization and Reconstruction Studies at the Naval
Postgraduate School and the Interagency Training, Education, and After Action
Review Program at the National Defense University.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="HF8F15F79D90C4C3A8922E082E074D094"><enum>(4)</enum><header>In
general</header>
<subparagraph commented="no" id="H5354404CAA5744F8AEE9B6ED03A7C1D5"><enum>(A)</enum><header>Appointments to
Foreign Service</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Individuals
who serve in the Civilian Response Corps shall be eligible to be appointed as a
member of the Foreign Service pursuant to section 303 of the Foreign Service
Act of 1980 (22 U.S.C. 3943) for a term of up to three years.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" id="H3A9574556D1048F0A4A279F4D3FFB493"><enum>(B)</enum><header>Deployment</header><text>Not
less than 60 percent of the Active Corps should be deployed outside of the
United States at any one time.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" id="H81E85C932AF645FAB8EB3ED977770D03"><enum>(C)</enum><header>Promotion</header><text>Individuals
who are career members of the Foreign Service shall be considered for promotion
on the same basis as individuals who are assigned to diplomatic or consular
posts with one-year tours of duty.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" id="H3B7C2C4CB19A4ED287BB5F3A6096EFEF"><enum>(D)</enum><header>Chain-of-command</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Once deployed abroad, a member of the
Civilian Response Corps shall report to and serve under the operational control
of the chief of mission of the country or region in which such member is
deployed.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" id="HA24D6357571247C491FAE7A23645BFC2"><enum>(E)</enum><header>Limitation on
deployment</header><text>The Secretary of State is authorized to deploy to a
foreign country members of the Active Corps for a period of not longer than one
year. Such period may be extended on a voluntary basis.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="HC5441C80420943079FFE202E115D454D"><enum>(5)</enum><header>Temporary
appointments for certain individuals</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The Secretary of State, acting through the
Assistant Secretary for Conflict and Stabilization Operations, is authorized to
appoint individuals with acquisition backgrounds to the Active or Reserve Corps
on a one-year basis to implement contracts for contingency operations.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H0F3A367AC8CE41279D9B68081B7D6DC4"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Employment for
contingency operations</header>
<paragraph id="H2A312EC4A02D4EB69CC5DAC02589879D"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Foreign Service
limited positions</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Pursuant to
the authority of section 309 of the Foreign Service Act of 1980 (22 U.S.C.
3949), and notwithstanding the limitation specified in section 305 of such Act
(22 U.S.C. 3945), the Administrator of the United States Agency for
International Development (USAID) may appoint to the Senior Foreign Service up
to ten individuals to be assigned to or support contingency operations.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HB233331DDAA94854B7804550B99F1E71"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Waiver</header><text>The
provisions of section 8344 or 8468 of title 5, United States Code, may be
waived on a case-by-case basis by—</text>
<subparagraph id="H7FF3167217494ED180D476AE504E2151"><enum>(A)</enum><text>the Administrator
of USAID, with respect to the employment in USAID, or</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H4FF769B77C554E3FB6E4C020FDC182B3"><enum>(B)</enum><text>the Inspector
General of USAID, with respect to the employment in the Office of Inspector
General,</text>
</subparagraph><continuation-text continuation-text-level="paragraph">of an
annuitant in a position for which there is exceptional difficulty in recruiting
or retaining a qualified employee, or when a temporary emergency hiring need
exists.</continuation-text></paragraph><paragraph id="H168A8699DA2744C987F154A26B58D406"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Procedures</header><text>If
the authority referred to in paragraph (1) is delegated, the Administrator of
USAID or the Inspector General of USAID, as appropriate, shall prescribe
criteria and procedures for the exercise of any authority under this
section.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H639593EFFA6541A09250B63A7C312A11"><enum>(4)</enum><header>Status of
employment</header><text>A Federal employee for whom a waiver under this
section is in effect shall not be considered an employee for purposes of
subchapter III of chapter 83, or chapter 84 of title 5, United States
Code.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection commented="no" id="H063F31DF8FB344629D400E970981A652"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Exception</header>
<paragraph commented="no" id="H4DB625D4DD254AE2BE962C59D162D589"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The Secretary of
State may select and appoint employees to carry out conflict and stabilization
activities without regard to the provisions of title 5, United States Code,
governing appointment in the competitive service and may fix the basic
compensation of such employees without regard to chapter 51 and subchapter III
of chapter 53 of such title.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="H83382B0EC59844B0A3D43CADBFB4B6AF"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Delegation</header><text>The
Secretary of State may authorize the head of any agency to exercise the
authority described in paragraph (1).</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="H8A2C96873F694EC480262242320C799E"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Definition</header><text>For
the purpose of this subsection, the term <term>employees</term> means
individuals who qualify as an employee as defined in section 2105 of title 5,
United States Code, and who are appointed on a time-limited basis solely to
carry out reconstruction and stabilization activities under or consistent with
this
section.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block>
</subsection><subsection commented="no" id="H13F31D7B491C4826B5188FDAFDB41F94"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Special
authority</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Notwithstanding any
other provision of law, including section 304(c) of the Omnibus Diplomatic
Security and Antiterrorism Act of 1986 (22 U.S.C. 4834(c); Public Law 99–399),
personnel designated by the Secretary, including members of the Civilian
Response Corps, shall not be bound by the regulations and guidance provided by
the Bureau of Diplomatic Security and shall deploy at the direction of the
Secretary.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HAA5F03EAC03F40A691A7E92C982CBE97"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Personnel</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The Reconstruction and Stabilization
Civilian Management Act of 2008 (title XVI of Public Law 110–417) is
amended—</text>
<paragraph id="H42541F4F861A44D19B70A453F16F02E9"><enum>(1)</enum><text>in section 1603
(22 U.S.C. 2734a note), by amending paragraph (5) to read as follows:</text>
<quoted-block display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H4E9B0B27A9124AB798B42E917189A13D" style="OLC">
<paragraph id="H0822534A46E642A89AF190F447F2F54E"><enum>(5)</enum><header>Personnel</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The term <term>personnel</term>
means—</text>
<subparagraph id="H9F75699ABC49491DB63B5A92188E2099"><enum>(A)</enum><text>individuals
serving in any service described in section 2101 of title 5, United States
Code, other than in the legislative or judicial branch;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H4C4ABA27F9FE40A099F48D985D9FC9E1"><enum>(B)</enum><text>individuals
employed by personal services contract, including individuals employed pursuant
to—</text>
<clause id="HCA4B1B1BF51E42A1B46561144B546B33"><enum>(i)</enum><text>section 2(c) of
the State Department Basic Authorities Act of 1956 (22 U.S.C. 2669(c));
or</text>
</clause><clause id="HCED400C4585A4477A419ADB6517D0AFF"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>section 636(a)(3)
of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2396(a)(3));</text>
</clause></subparagraph><subparagraph id="HD566A29E16D14218943A829A1E5375C1"><enum>(C)</enum><text>individuals
appointed under section 303 of the Foreign Service Act of 1980 (22 U.S.C.
3943); and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HAE2D919E2DDA490CA2D08F00DD6C300F"><enum>(D)</enum><text>locally employed
staff who are employed by participating
agencies.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><after-quoted-block>;
and</after-quoted-block></quoted-block>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H390F76A0476143B9AB0A4FB39D9BF34B"><enum>(2)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">in section 1606(b) (22 U.S.C. 2734a(b)), by
inserting <quote>and to provide any related support</quote> after <quote>assign
personnel of such agency</quote>.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section id="H439D5119567040E1BB3579B84E9ABC3B"><enum>2034.</enum><header>Danger
pay</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">Section 151 of the Foreign
Relations Authorization Act, Fiscal Years 1990 and 1991 (5 U.S.C. 5928 note;
Public Law 101–246) is amended—</text>
<paragraph id="H42AA70D6656D44ED99963AE2A305AD9D"><enum>(1)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">by striking <quote>or</quote> after
<quote>Drug Enforcement Administration</quote> and inserting <quote>,
the</quote>; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H0C391BC09B114C6FB55A7FC163512D4A"><enum>(2)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">inserting <quote>, or the Civilian Response
Corps</quote> after <quote>Federal Bureau of Investigation</quote>.</text>
</paragraph></section><section commented="no" id="H5AF6692BF9814E3288AB6A4D48667621"><enum>2035.</enum><header>Stability
policing coordinator</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">The State
Department Basic Authorities Act of 1956 is amended by adding after section 62
(as amended by 2031 of this Act) the following new section:</text>
<quoted-block display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HB56E2AE2D488435FA66E2B755DD1B9F5" style="OLC">
<section commented="no" id="H079C6EBA16AA48A8B66CA5C254693909"><enum>63.</enum><header>Office of the
Stability Policing Coordinator</header>
<subsection commented="no" id="H8338088C09AA40869B76414A1C119D56"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Establishment</header><text>There
is established within the Department of State the Office of the Stability
Policing Coordinator (in this section referred to as the
<quote>Office</quote>).</text>
</subsection><subsection commented="no" id="H90D42C9229D240D8AD755DA8ADA60611"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Coordinator for
police training</header><text>The head of the Office shall be the Coordinator
for Stability Policing (in this section referred to as the
<quote>Coordinator</quote>). The Coordinator shall report directly to the
Assistant Secretary for Conflict and Stabilization Operations.</text>
</subsection><subsection commented="no" id="HA1AF718C7AFA4F15B9456AF24E1F3F78"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Responsibilities</header><text>The
Coordinator shall be responsible for developing a unified, coherent,
comprehensive, and effective program of law enforcement assistance in support
of reconstruction and stabilization activities in countries or regions that are
at risk of, in, or are in transition from, conflict or civil strife. Such
program shall include the following elements:</text>
<paragraph commented="no" id="H2A5AA661DE7A42759C1E8F5208C0E568"><enum>(1)</enum><text>Developing and
overseeing curricula for police training specifically oriented towards
reconstruction and stabilization activities.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="H70D7CA9C9747441B92B7813CDE535600"><enum>(2)</enum><text>Developing and
implementing policies and procedures to ensure that human rights, and in
particular those of women and girls, are protected.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="H94BE62DD558E4305B7DB0DBDB997908D"><enum>(3)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">In coordination with the Bureau of Conflict
and Stabilization Operations, as appropriate, recruiting, vetting, and training
personnel to serve as police trainers.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="HA27EBA710D0841729032C0B6C1E6541B"><enum>(4)</enum><text>Ensuring proper
direction and oversight of contractors hired to implement police training
programs under this section.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="H2927AC25892D4BAA84C0074282E4B1A5"><enum>(5)</enum><text>Establishing
benchmarks to measure the progress of police training programs conducted under
this section.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="H2110EE0EF9184AF5B288C287B54F9DC7"><enum>(6)</enum><text>Coordinating
assistance carried out by the Office with similar assistance provided by other
Federal agencies and international donors.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="H553B276003B74742B013727B06BB01E4"><enum>(7)</enum><text>Overseeing
procurement and delivery of supplies and equipment, and monitoring the end use
of such supplies and equipment.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="H067E2D1C591F4CF6B371193250181BFD"><enum>(8)</enum><text>Providing policy
guidance and program support to the United States diplomatic and consular
missions in the country or region undertaking police training
operations.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="H083FCAE2824A47D1AC5825F69E8245B6"><enum>(9)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Providing guidance to the Bureau of
Conflict and Stabilization Operations regarding the selection and training of
law enforcement and judicial personnel for the Readiness Response Corps.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection commented="no" id="HF896B5766F8A4D2FBE78BABA6C8F4056"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Relationship to
global rule of law policy committee</header><text>The Coordinator shall ensure
that the activities of the Office are consistent with the coordination plan
established pursuant to section 3202 of the Global Partnerships Act of
2012.</text>
</subsection></section><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block>
</section><section commented="no" id="HFCDE3037CB4C4BA181DC4C088C73EBC3"><enum>2036.</enum><header>Training in
conflict management and mitigation</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">Section 708 of the Foreign Assistance Act of
1980 (22 U.S.C. 4028) is amended—</text>
<paragraph commented="no" id="HA3A0454CAF4B40619BB580956F495B78"><enum>(1)</enum><text>in subsection
(a)—</text>
<subparagraph commented="no" id="H8F00933A782E41999A13CC881EDC941C"><enum>(A)</enum><text>in paragraph (2),
by striking <quote>and</quote> at the end;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" id="H58786DAB6E1B4FD192F3EF3E03BF943E"><enum>(B)</enum><text>in paragraph (3),
by striking the period at the end and inserting <quote>; and</quote>;
and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" id="H9E4A33A5E2644400BD819A5FD2AFAFB8"><enum>(C)</enum><text>by adding at the
end the following new paragraph:</text>
<quoted-block display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H0762DDFC49694C7C92491566B5E113FE" style="OLC">
<paragraph commented="no" id="H8808FCE78C0E4319BDF8A7AB6C17F384"><enum>(4)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">instruction on methods for conflict
management and mitigation and on the necessary skills to be able to function
successfully in countries or regions that are at risk of, in, or are in
transition from, conflict or civil strife, including—</text>
<subparagraph commented="no" id="H163633C443474291A0E98AF0163ED1E1"><enum>(A)</enum><text>recognizing
patterns of escalation and early warning signs of potential atrocities or
violence, including gender-based violence; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" id="HC9C433796F2D42A681029480DC57779E"><enum>(B)</enum><text>methods of early
action, prevention, and response.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><after-quoted-block>;
and</after-quoted-block></quoted-block>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="H4EDC19BE40094284B9A53691CC021F88"><enum>(2)</enum><text>by adding at the
end the following new subsection:</text>
<quoted-block display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HF48D9681FF784FB0AC3337F03F680234" style="OLC">
<subsection commented="no" id="H38006C0494B34996B6A9FB2330D2212F"><enum>(d)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The training described in subsection (a)(4)
shall be mandatory for all Foreign Service officers assigned to a position, or
otherwise made available for service, in the department or agency or at a post
overseas with responsibilities in the subject matters described in such
subsection. Training opportunities should include, as appropriate for the
department and agency, respectively, fellowships, details, and exchanges with
relevant Federal agencies, international organizations, and nongovernmental
organizations.</text>
</subsection><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block>
</paragraph></section></subtitle><enum>III</enum><header>Supporting human
rights and democracy</header>
<subtitle id="HFF7300ADA71C43EBBACBA99C4A93E629"><enum>A</enum><header>General
provisions</header>
<section id="HAE6643AE48C34D1D8CD9371CB0681ABA"><enum>3101.</enum><header>Findings and
statement of policy</header>
<subsection id="H482235D83F6540939C17A69F129F5D10"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Findings</header><text>Congress
makes the following findings:</text>
<paragraph id="H11C4AE0C89A04B8CB04F7457A1111070"><enum>(1)</enum><text>All human beings
are born free and equal in dignity and rights. Recognition of the inherent
dignity and of the equal and inalienable rights of all members of the human
family is the foundation of freedom, justice and peace in the world.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H5768D480277C42A79EA96D2EC9D53A23"><enum>(2)</enum><text>A
democratic political system, in which the will of the people, as expressed in
periodic and genuine elections, is the basis of the authority of government, is
the best guarantor of freedom of speech and belief and freedom from fear and
want.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HC01E31FB8DBE4FF08DE2E4D54F6A53BB"><enum>(3)</enum><text>Democracy is a
necessary but insufficient condition for the effective protection of human
rights. Majority rule must be tempered by guarantees for the dignity and rights
of minorities.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H14E85C67A5014027A1563759A34D45CC"><enum>(4)</enum><text>The advancement of
human rights and the institutionalization of democracy are important to the
achievement of other United States foreign policy goals, such as reducing
poverty, building peace, expanding prosperity and sustaining the global
environment.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HB90F62598EE148F0BEB40451E8CC1A41"><enum>(5)</enum><text>Human rights and
fundamental freedoms can be effectively advanced by—</text>
<subparagraph id="H83E24C22CC224142BA26C50CFB9AF3F4"><enum>(A)</enum><text>bilateral and
multilateral diplomatic overtures;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H5FFCF91787D94720ADAEC7BF4D8E2558"><enum>(B)</enum><text>the development
and implementation of international norms and standards, including voluntary
codes of conduct;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H2B8A86FE5BE1431F82CF8EB487241AB9"><enum>(C)</enum><text>support for the
establishment and strengthening of laws, policies and institutions that protect
rights and freedoms, including technical assistance and training to governments
and civil society organizations;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HC0275A8E4AEF48DE9BC35A6F6125DAED"><enum>(D)</enum><text>support for and
protection of individuals and civil society organizations who defend and
exercise their human rights and democratic freedoms;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H10AC287022344885B5734C3A846638FB"><enum>(E)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">research and reporting on violations of
human rights, including identifying those who commit such violations;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H2D1C21918AA843CB839FFD22F0959804"><enum>(F)</enum><text>the threat or
imposition of sanctions against violators, including criminal prosecution where
appropriate; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H4EE0B493641441F088C4BBA8E2947763"><enum>(G)</enum><text>offering
diplomatic and economic incentives for improved performance.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="HA63FE7CA72854D748689A3FDE979EDB3"><enum>(6)</enum><text>United States
support for human rights and democracy should be open and explicit, with due
regard for the safety and independence of local partners and impartiality among
peaceful, democratic political parties and factions.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H09FE145928764D0EAB037698A3E32350"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Statement of
policy</header><text>It is the policy of the United States, in keeping with its
constitutional heritage and traditions and in accordance with its international
obligations as set forth in the Charter of the United Nations and the Universal
Declaration of Human Rights, to promote and encourage increased respect for
human rights and fundamental freedoms throughout the world without distinction
as to race, sex, language, religion, sexual orientation or gender
identity.</text>
</subsection></section><section display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H9F540A6B753247C69618A44E0A30E32D"><enum>3102.</enum><header>Country
reports on human rights practices</header>
<subsection id="H14E314F595AE4E6D916713610730EF6C"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Report
required</header><text>The Secretary shall submit to the appropriate
congressional committees, by February 25 of each year, a comprehensive report
regarding the status of internationally recognized human rights in each covered
country.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H13845C0DB407467897C6AD9C4A2692F3"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Contents</header><text>The
report required under subsection (a) shall include, for each covered country,
information relating to—</text>
<paragraph id="H87160039FA614F0E8B489151FB772013"><enum>(1)</enum><text>respect for the
integrity of the person, including freedom from—</text>
<subparagraph id="HC9755B59536A47608C5A3A1C8E4DECB7"><enum>(A)</enum><text>arbitrary or
unlawful deprivation of life;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HEACA767AFB1B494F9AADEDF4B6F9A824"><enum>(B)</enum><text>disappearance;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H43AFE8ADFE404026ADE9066EAEA00F91"><enum>(C)</enum><text>torture and other
cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H1FCFC4D013A0408BBD14F9595DF80DD7"><enum>(D)</enum><text>arbitrary arrest
or detention;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H9919B63742DB4F81B463106147E83794"><enum>(E)</enum><text>denial of fair
public trial; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HA6025276045B49B79230E50E071A1796"><enum>(F)</enum><text>arbitrary
interference with privacy, family, home or correspondence;</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H07F22CFF5F724720841D085DDA8370D2"><enum>(2)</enum><text>respect for civil
liberties, including—</text>
<subparagraph id="H4120FAF351D94A07AD3DEFE45F35B9F3"><enum>(A)</enum><text>freedom of speech
and press, including Internet freedom;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H48AE046C34CA4CAF908866A4CE9B670F"><enum>(B)</enum><text>freedom of
peaceful assembly and association;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H3C2169493F884619B4816AE7DEF77CB7"><enum>(C)</enum><text>freedom of
religion and conscience;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H75DD22AFBE2E421FB249F58D450252F9"><enum>(D)</enum><text>freedom of
movement; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H15C9DCB47FAD491BA97EE4D28D67E5C2"><enum>(E)</enum><text>provision of
asylum and resettlement of refugees;</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H48CF58780843422BA2014998C430AB3D"><enum>(3)</enum><text>respect for
political rights, including the right of citizens—</text>
<subparagraph id="H496EDE256162472BA829BA66D2F22D6E"><enum>(A)</enum><text>to change their
government;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HA91172E1BACC4CFC8E0FA6EB063C1E71"><enum>(B)</enum><text>to take part in
the conduct of public affairs; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H807FC534F7644BCDB8E648C493B209B2"><enum>(C)</enum><text>to vote and be
elected at genuine periodic elections;</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H4C08A36E4651462481EBC2A34707A9B0"><enum>(4)</enum><text>respect for worker
rights, including—</text>
<subparagraph id="HEC10318B347E4D648FA5844135402424"><enum>(A)</enum><text>the right of
association;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H593575E92C7A4935B262D15EC4147E9B"><enum>(B)</enum><text>the right to
organize and bargain collectively;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HE28EC7D8A7D84337BBB93D7206F8504E"><enum>(C)</enum><text>prohibition of
forced or compulsory labor;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H51AA4343AEA5434C896F4EE321B02351"><enum>(D)</enum><text>prohibition of
child labor; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H51D20C6E312343788F5E2453A2DFD0B6"><enum>(E)</enum><text>acceptable
conditions of work;</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H8D6FAE8B0BAF426EAC346685538A6303"><enum>(5)</enum><text>protection of all
citizens, including marginalized groups, against violence, intimidation and
discrimination, including, wherever applicable—</text>
<subparagraph id="H66D32FE5A9A844F3BD0D81F17FE2B88E"><enum>(A)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">mass atrocities;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HD68BCBEFD4F640E0A6B130FDB347B77F"><enum>(B)</enum><text>trafficking in
persons;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H34E0029EE5E440948749035F87AA578D"><enum>(C)</enum><text>sexual and
gender-based violence;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H72F2291D4A914D55940D3A99DE155313"><enum>(D)</enum><text>criminalization of
homosexuality or deprivation of fundamental freedoms due to sexual orientation
or gender identity;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H17C87732A4D947EE809F48FD9722A3D6"><enum>(E)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">violations of the principles of voluntarism
and informed choice in health care, including coerced abortion and involuntary
sterilization;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HFE36FAD468844987891A3C97BBA80142"><enum>(F)</enum><text>child marriage;
and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HBBEF7946FF8C404182CD961516A3798E"><enum>(G)</enum><text>compulsory
recruitment and conscription of individuals under the age of 15 by armed forces
of the government of the country, government-supported paramilitaries, or other
armed groups; and</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H0ADD51EC98A64DAEB433571E17443FDE"><enum>(6)</enum><text>official
accountability, including—</text>
<subparagraph id="H3A196BBA54EF451B95F028283D5BD4B3"><enum>(A)</enum><text>government
corruption and transparency;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H20900AFE7E904A9C98D4A4E1BA79F726"><enum>(B)</enum><text>government
participation in, facilitation of, or condoning of, violations of
internationally recognized human rights;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H533688BB2667404CAD416365031AB90E"><enum>(C)</enum><text>steps taken by
such government to prevent and respond to violations of internationally
recognized human rights;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HE98C2AF8F45B41EE93FECEDA80A681A2"><enum>(D)</enum><text>the extent of
cooperation by such government in permitting an unimpeded investigation by
international organizations, including nongovernmental organizations, of
alleged violations of internationally recognized human rights; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H7F36AE0090C7493FAC825216A643A9A1"><enum>(E)</enum><text>wherever
applicable, such government’s votes in the United Nations Human Rights
Council.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H1D349053AB584AB0A79595A4B5360653"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Consultation</header><text>In
compiling data and making assessments for purposes of subsection (b), United
States diplomatic mission personnel in each covered country shall consult with
relevant international and nongovernmental organizations.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H7FFA65B007F94B96B8667B67DAFCB669"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Translation and
publication</header><text>For each covered country, the report required by this
section shall be translated into the principal languages of the country and
made available on the Internet website of the United States diplomatic mission
to the country, or, where there is no diplomatic mission, on the Internet
website of the Department of State.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H682225687AEA4297BCC68D2944DA87D7"><enum>(e)</enum><header>Definitions</header><text>In
this section—</text>
<paragraph id="HC4234AC52E594489898DE9B3CCB1873E"><enum>(1)</enum><text>the term
<term>covered country</term> means a country that—</text>
<subparagraph id="H55ABFEB5ABA94012B13F4D02E57794BD"><enum>(A)</enum><text>receives
assistance under this Act; or</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H32AAAE4E9D79492EB7C4A9194F5E83CE"><enum>(B)</enum><text>is a member of the
United Nations; and</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H0634B797D840437DB596D78A0DD115E3"><enum>(2)</enum><text>the term
<term>child marriage</term> means the marriage of a girl or a boy who has not
reached the minimum legal age for marriage in the country of residence, or
where there is no such law, under the age of 18.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H7BF2421EE33040D0B4024EBC4AC06A6C"><enum>3103.</enum><header>Action plans
for human rights and democracy</header>
<subsection id="H7ECA316B4A764465B19C0BBDAB5F7DBD"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Action plan
required</header>
<paragraph id="HF918155980164B7A81B0F57182C6AB9F"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>Except as provided in paragraph (2), beginning 3 years
after the date of the enactment of this Act and every 3 to 5 years thereafter,
the Secretary, in coordination with the Administrator as appropriate, shall
develop an action plan for human rights and democracy in each country that is
included in the report under section 3102.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HF279C9D2086B4F7796A5CD7170BFA067"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Exception</header><text>The
Secretary is not required to develop an action plan under this subsection for
any country with respect to which the Secretary determines, based on the
information required in the report under section 3102, that human rights and
fundamental freedoms are generally respected.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H72C9282062034BACBF081401C5A8F230"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Preparation of
plans</header><text>The action plan required under subsection (a) shall be
prepared—</text>
<paragraph id="HB5D48D2295054C1A80642280E5354EAF"><enum>(1)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">in each country with a United States
diplomatic mission, by the Chief of Mission, in coordination with the Mission
Director of the Agency, if a Mission Director is assigned to such country, and
in consultation with the Assistant Secretary for Democracy, Human Rights, and
Labor; or</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HC93E0CA950C1493981E3FA1EAFDCF16F"><enum>(2)</enum><text>in each country
without a United States diplomatic mission, by the Assistant Secretary of State
for Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor, in coordination with the Assistant
Administrator for Democratic and Civic Development and the relevant regional
bureaus of the Department of State and United States Agency for International
Development.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HB7662F64C2C14C0AB09F56A31174091B"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Elements</header><text>The
action plan required under subsection (a) shall contain the following
elements:</text>
<paragraph id="HEA01561C909E460C87C29404BBAA471D"><enum>(1)</enum><text>A
description of the major barriers in such country to fundamental rights and
freedoms.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HD03B5BA06FD94758B4E32F1B9E434153"><enum>(2)</enum><text>Specific
improvements in the areas identified under paragraph (1) that the United States
will seek over the next 3 to 5 years.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HCFD5987C49064E73A891774A08652D11"><enum>(3)</enum><text>A
description of the policies and programs, including assistance, to be
undertaken in order to foster the improvements identified in paragraph
(2).</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H7967D29103B24AA59469E1B34DEEB2A0"><enum>(4)</enum><text>A
description of the roles of each participating Federal agency in carrying out
the policies and programs identified in paragraph (3).</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H37A7EFA557B94D50B704336DD6897A78"><enum>(5)</enum><text>A
description of the budgetary and personnel resources needed to carry out the
policies and programs identified in paragraph (3).</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H24AE3CBBA5EC46BCABDEAA0925B0291C"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Consultation</header><text>In
preparing the action plan required under subsection (a), the relevant officials
shall consult with a wide range of nongovernmental organizations in the country
and with nongovernmental organizations having significant experience in or
knowledge about the country.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HC93AF6856D94426FB4E5559AD7263DA2"><enum>(e)</enum><header>Transmission</header>
<paragraph id="H7AB5F366C0A04B7B9142A35B5B9BFE52"><enum>(1)</enum><header>To
congress</header><text>The action plan required under subsection (a) shall be
transmitted to the appropriate congressional committees.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HB564484B640548FCB6A7169D5F94BB2D"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Public
availability</header><text>At a minimum, the elements of the action plan
described in paragraphs (1) and (2) of subsection (c) shall be published on the
Internet website of the Department of State and, in countries in which a United
States diplomatic mission is established, on the mission’s Internet
website.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HEEA794656E4447E28B6A61BE385DB0DC"><enum>(f)</enum><header>Strategic
coordination</header><text>In order to avoid duplication and policy
inconsistency, the Secretary shall ensure that the action plan required under
subsection (a) is coordinated with all other relevant diplomatic and
development strategies, in particular the strategies prepared pursuant
to—</text>
<paragraph id="H8A78F2C0D1394459A30313C6C856CC1C"><enum>(1)</enum><text>section 1703,
relating to Global Strategy for Gender Equality;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HF6C94B57B5BB4BC780F76DCB61D157BE"><enum>(2)</enum><text>section 1018,
relating to Country Development Cooperation Strategies;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HE11189B9244C4863B9200FD97AB8597B"><enum>(3)</enum><text>section 2012,
relating to Conflict Mitigation Strategy; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H4D1D6D7ABBB04EC68BFEC6D07DBA7AE3"><enum>(4)</enum><text>section 3203,
relating to Comprehensive International Strategy to Prevent and Respond to
Violence Against Women and Girls.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section id="HB3AE0A5B62ED46CD9B69315B7043CC9F"><enum>3104.</enum><header>Human Rights
and Democracy Fund</header>
<subsection id="H131592985F5A4E45A0DA4077BF2B3565"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Establishment</header><text>There
is established a Human Rights and Democracy Fund (in this section referred to
as the <quote>Fund</quote>) to be administered by the Assistant Secretary of
State for Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H50DA0EBB7D3E4892B5F49824FE21AD50"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Purpose</header><text>The
purpose of the Fund is to protect and promote fundamental freedoms and
internationally recognized human rights by—</text>
<paragraph id="HBA949F53F84B40A9B8FB24E4058C998C"><enum>(1)</enum><text>supporting
defenders of human rights and advocates of democracy;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H76086E979AD7453680F414DB6F168875"><enum>(2)</enum><text>assisting victims
of human rights violations;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H0F42CDFE77574033AD941EBF7AB3FD2F"><enum>(3)</enum><text>preventing and
responding to violence against women and girls, in accordance with subtitle
A;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H8E625A5F807243FF9E964EA81DA51F64"><enum>(4)</enum><text>carrying out child
protection compacts in accordance with section 3402; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H907D2B86F23E4A669FC6893FB7C92818"><enum>(5)</enum><text>responding to
emergencies and unanticipated opportunities in the areas of human rights and
democracy.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H9223FD02AED24ECC926F02D13267979C"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Consultation</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">In administering the Fund, the Assistant
Secretary of State for Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor shall consult with
the Ambassador-at-Large for Global Women’s Issues and the Assistant
Administrator for Democratic and Civic Development of the United States Agency
for International Development.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H8C78B390DB794A6E9A8F8837FE68178F"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Additional
funds</header><text>Funds made available under this section for a fiscal year
are in addition to funds otherwise available for such purposes.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HE87FADA0F3AD4D05997E8FFD50BD785E"><enum>(e)</enum><header>Special
authority</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Funds made
available under this section for a fiscal year are authorized to be made
available notwithstanding any provision of law that restricts assistance to a
foreign country.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="H3B8C969CE56243A8A4BE9EDC574B5CD6"><enum>3105.</enum><header>Role of Bureau
of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">Section 1(c)(2) of the State Department
Basic Authorities Act of 1956 (22 U.S.C. 2651a(c)(2)) is amended to read as
follows:</text>
<quoted-block display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HA80998C1210E4D639A39D4A77F4273C0" style="OLC">
<paragraph id="HC346767281444EA5A2D6DD83EFDFCEC1"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Assistant
secretary of state for democracy, human rights, and labor</header>
<subparagraph id="H7DD3E33F23274689BEDE6E42C9E69AEF"><enum>(A)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>There shall be in the Department of State an Assistant
Secretary of State for Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor who shall be
responsible to the Secretary of State for matters pertaining to human rights
and humanitarian affairs (including matters relating to prisoners of war and
members of the United States Armed Forces missing in action) in the conduct of
foreign policy and such other related duties as the Secretary may from time to
time designate. The Assistant Secretary shall carry out the Secretary’s
responsibilities under section 3102 of the Global Partnerships Act of
2012.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H02193FF3C2514F94A71808390390EB5A"><enum>(B)</enum><header>Duties</header><text>The
Assistant Secretary of State for Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor shall
maintain continuous observation and review all matters pertaining to human
rights and humanitarian affairs (including matters relating to prisoners of war
and members of the United States Armed Forces missing in action) in the conduct
of foreign policy, including the following:</text>
<clause id="HEA18D2ED900B474096D3704BED95C649"><enum>(i)</enum><text>Gathering detailed
information regarding humanitarian affairs and the observance of and respect
for internationally recognized human rights in each country to which the
requirements of sections 3102 and 3103, respectively, of the Global
Partnerships Act of 2012 are relevant.</text>
</clause><clause id="HEA8A36F7F64C431E89DFAD861B3226D2"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>Preparing the
country reports and action plans required under sections 3102 and 3103 of the
Global Partnerships Act of 2012.</text>
</clause><clause id="HAB222ECDE012463C8B39ED67D3884D7B"><enum>(iii)</enum><text>Making
recommendations to the Secretary of State and the Administrator of the United
States Agency for International Development regarding implementation of the
human rights policies, principles, restrictions and authorities of the Global
Partnerships Act of 2012.</text>
</clause><clause id="HB2F2DC5195A7466CAED96F748BC3970D"><enum>(iv)</enum><text>Administering the
Human Rights and Democracy Fund established under section 3104 of the Global
Partnerships Act of 2012.</text>
</clause><clause id="HB77B804E210D46BC8528A5026E3739E7"><enum>(v)</enum><text>Performing other
responsibilities which serve to promote increased observance of internationally
recognized human rights by all countries.</text>
</clause></subparagraph><subparagraph id="H25DA9ABA1A8547278C1E9F469823B08D"><enum>(C)</enum><header>Consultation</header><text>The
Assistant Secretary of State for Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor shall be
consulted in the determinations of which countries shall receive United States
foreign assistance and the nature of the assistance to be provided to each
country.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H0377037DAE654AEFA88A04BB3E491AB7"><enum>(D)</enum><header>Certain
assignments</header><text>Any assignment of an individual to a political
officer position at a United States mission abroad that has the primary
responsibility for monitoring human rights developments in a foreign country
shall be made upon the recommendation of the Assistant Secretary of State for
Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor in conjunction with the head of the
Department of State’s regional bureau having primary responsibility for that
country.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block>
</section><section id="H0F3FA60517184761B748ED2E906655D1"><enum>3106.</enum><header>Discrimination
related to sexual orientation</header>
<subsection id="H7EAE908CE5EC4F1DADCB59C76BFCB43F"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Designation of
officer</header><text>The Assistant Secretary of State for Democracy, Human
Rights, and Labor shall designate an officer or officers who shall be
responsible for tracking violence, criminalization, and restrictions on the
enjoyment of fundamental freedoms, consistent with United States law, in
foreign countries based on actual or perceived sexual orientation and gender
identity.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H61A193E108F046CBAABD5C22A0C13A84"><enum>(b)</enum><header>International
efforts</header><text>The Secretary shall work through appropriate United
States Government employees at United States diplomatic and consular missions
to encourage the governments of other countries to reform or repeal laws of
such countries criminalizing homosexuality or consensual homosexual conduct, or
restricting the enjoyment of fundamental freedoms, consistent with United
States law, by homosexual individuals or organizations.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HBC485E20E69C4355951F5ABA174AF776"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Training for
foreign service officers</header><text>Section 708(a) of the Foreign Service
Act of 1980 (22 U.S.C. 4028(a)) is amended—</text>
<paragraph id="HF3A5E19E949342A8AEEC9B3F53003E39"><enum>(1)</enum><text>in the matter
preceding paragraph (1), by inserting <quote>the Assistant Secretary for
Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor,</quote> before <quote>the Ambassador at
Large</quote>;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HD7211B5CAD3B477584CB8F15A7415A15"><enum>(2)</enum><text>in paragraph (2),
by striking <quote>and</quote> at the end;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H48D88F1E42214C32825EA21D15CBF72A"><enum>(3)</enum><text>in paragraph (3),
by striking the period at the end and inserting <quote>; and</quote>;
and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HCAA04A05964C4A5B96D2D7B4650D2032"><enum>(4)</enum><text>by adding at the
end the following new paragraph:</text>
<quoted-block id="H3DD45D4F147C44E6936342FB14FD5405" style="OLC">
<paragraph id="HBCE76A1F290E48E4B0FBC8B23642D61E"><enum>(4)</enum><text>instruction, in
courses covering human rights reporting and advocacy work, on identifying
violence, discrimination, and restrictions on the enjoyment of fundamental
freedoms, consistent with United States law, based on actual or perceived
sexual orientation and gender
identity.</text>
</paragraph><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section id="H00C4D77374F8401D90DE51BEEA229CC4"><enum>3107.</enum><header>Personnel
awards and incentives</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">Section
2143 of the ADVANCE Democracy Act of 2007 (22 U.S.C. 8243) is amended by
striking the matter preceding paragraph (1) and inserting the following:</text>
<quoted-block display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H04E447FB4C7C4316A7358F5387215A9A" style="OLC">
<subsection id="HC8DBC510EAF747D29158A386DA42A03C"><enum></enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The Secretary shall expand the range of
awards and incentives to encourage members of the Foreign Service and other
employees of the Department to take assignments relating to the promotion of
democracy and the protection of human rights, which may include the
following:</text>
</subsection><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block>
</section></subtitle><subtitle id="H11E3E629377A460093CDD0235C2CDE5A"><enum>B</enum><header>International
violence against women and girls </header>
<section id="H7A38953D5FCD4FD7BD5FA7166C2888E5"><enum>3201.</enum><header>Statement of
policy</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">It is the policy of the
United States to—</text>
<paragraph id="HAA4A06A25AE6433895A3DA5AEC173C92"><enum>(1)</enum><text>promote the equal
participation of women in the political, economic and social lives of their
countries;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H19F2EEB3AF8E4F9A9FC609FCCFC02413"><enum>(2)</enum><text>build the capacity
of foreign governments and civil societies to prevent and respond to violence
against women and girls;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HFB0169FFF1EA4161A666C7C2A707094C"><enum>(3)</enum><text>ensure that all
private partners under this Act take appropriate steps to prevent and respond
to violence against women and girls; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HA0F73A6C2F414C9D9CDB061BD45EAF21"><enum>(4)</enum><text>systematically
integrate efforts to prevent and respond to violence against women and girls
into United States foreign policy and foreign assistance programs.</text>
</paragraph></section><section id="HA836501FA4C24C50803E32A16758856F"><enum>3202.</enum><header>Duties of the
Secretary of State</header>
<subsection id="HB3838487A3424B9DBBA077D4751A9160"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Designation</header><text>The
Secretary shall designate a senior official in the Department of State to
conduct the activities of the Secretary under this subtitle.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H2A176AACBB534A48890778C65BC1F539"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Duties</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The Secretary’s designee shall work with
the Assistant Secretary for Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor, the
Ambassador-at-Large for Global Women’s Issues, and the heads of other of
relevant bureaus and offices of the Department of State and other Federal
agencies to—</text>
<paragraph id="H41231CCF99014C85968E90E27D7AFA7B"><enum>(1)</enum><text>prepare the
comprehensive international strategy required under section 3203;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H2623260874C9471987AFA6D6267EB759"><enum>(2)</enum><text>collect and
analyze data about violence against women and girls internationally; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H79E5421EC930461C8D7A6137E6BB8517"><enum>(3)</enum><text>compile and
disseminate information about effective methods of prevention and response,
including through the preparation of public reports.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section commented="no" id="H65D780223725497CBC7446FBB1FD6088"><enum>3203.</enum><header>Comprehensive
international strategy to prevent and respond to violence against women and
girls</header>
<subsection commented="no" id="HC35270BE21F549BB93DA57137F1E3A44"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Development of
strategy</header><text>Not later than 1 year after the date of the enactment of
this Act, and every 5 years thereafter, the Secretary, with the assistance of
the Administrator, shall—</text>
<paragraph commented="no" id="H9379B7928C5C4FC98A6F767B92458895"><enum>(1)</enum><text>develop a
comprehensive, 5-year international strategy to prevent and respond to violence
against women and girls internationally;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="H2ECACE85FAAC49549A0111D3A7543692"><enum>(2)</enum><text>submit the
strategy developed under paragraph (1) to the appropriate congressional
committees; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="HC8DEC5F096934704BC1DA9AF169B4A7E"><enum>(3)</enum><text>make the strategy
available to the public.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection commented="no" id="H9CBAE9F69E054321B9DD33B04D9D03C8"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Collaboration
and coordination</header><text>In developing the strategy under subsection (a),
the Secretary shall consult with—</text>
<paragraph commented="no" id="H512788E2BC434F1E8482884BBB4DB23B"><enum>(1)</enum><text>Federal agencies
with expertise preventing and responding to violence against women and girls or
administering international programs;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="H69F71BB0BFB644AE900FB58824CF7A2A"><enum>(2)</enum><text>the Senior Policy
Operating Group on Trafficking in Persons; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="HEEB1C2D402724471978B0F1EEC0CD8B6"><enum>(3)</enum><text>representatives of
civil society organizations with demonstrated experience in combating violence
against women and girls or promoting women’s health or women’s development
issues internationally.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection commented="no" id="HE28653CDAD4F4055B1661ED5FFD2538E"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Content</header><text>The
strategy developed under subsection (a) shall—</text>
<paragraph commented="no" id="HFBA4B99FB4214EE88469E214A035DA41"><enum>(1)</enum><text>identify 5 to 20
countries with significant levels of violence against women and girls,
including within displaced communities, that have the government or
nongovernment organizational capacity to manage and implement gender-based
violence prevention and response program activities;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="HEED2BC5B196949789343050B98FD1A63"><enum>(2)</enum><text>include
individual, comprehensive plans for prevention and response in each of the
countries identified under paragraph (1) (hereafter in this chapter referred to
as <quote>country plans</quote>);</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="H75B53352182A417F8E056C4AF9E6DB4B"><enum>(3)</enum><text>estimate the
resource requirements for carrying out each country plan, including the
proposed sources of funding and amounts to be contributed by or sought from
partner countries and other public and private donors;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="H74F005C5FB7A4066AF6BF74F070FC3E6"><enum>(4)</enum><text>specify the roles
and responsibilities of each Federal agency in carrying out the
strategy;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="H033E2D3B30414229AD0FD2EFDFE3E960"><enum>(5)</enum><text>ensure that the
country plans are integrated with Country Development Cooperation Strategies
required under section 1018 and action plans for human rights and democracy
required under section 3103, as appropriate;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H0D7D4AE30F414186820045DFA40F45C7"><enum>(6)</enum><text>explain the
mechanisms and processes for consultation and coordination with partner
countries and other public and private donors in all stages of planning and
implementation of each country plan; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="HB43F3928019D4A8389F660BD71482497"><enum>(7)</enum><text>describe the
monitoring and evaluation mechanisms to be used for each country plan.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection commented="no" id="H2E0FBEC5D18E4696A16E3FD408BD715F"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Activities</header><text>Each
country plan should incorporate at least 2 of the following activities:</text>
<paragraph commented="no" id="H357DC3E0AD90456AA9B71A9394A06A6A"><enum>(1)</enum><text>Enhancing the
capacity of the health sector to prevent and respond to violence against women
and girls.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="H5A082530776D4215876D8352BC130EED"><enum>(2)</enum><text>Developing and
enforcing civil and criminal legal and judicial sanctions, protections,
training, and capacity.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="H4CFC9A9D14D14C06B3C54FE98AC83EF2"><enum>(3)</enum><text>Supporting efforts
to change social norms and attitudes so that violence against women and girls
is neither condoned nor tolerated.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="HF81141ABA7AA4D039B6F0C0FD137FC02"><enum>(4)</enum><text>Expanding access
of women and girls to quality education.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="HB12AE312C44143728F32E4E2E612031A"><enum>(5)</enum><text>Increasing
economic opportunities for women, including through access to credit,
vocational training, property ownership, and inheritance rights.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section id="H089968D3CACF4557A006F20ABACEDA9D"><enum>3204.</enum><header>Assistance to
prevent and respond to violence against women and girls
internationally</header>
<subsection id="HC08B8E3F5B2B4DDB8EB174E2779538FB"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>The Secretary and the Administrator are authorized to use
funds made available for economic assistance to carry out the comprehensive
international strategy and country plans developed under section 3203 and to
conduct research and collect and analyze data in accordance with section
3202.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H701C34A3DED84C699E117510C1B4FB5B"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Coordination of
assistance</header><text>The Secretary and the Administrator shall seek to
ensure that programs, projects, and activities carried out under this subtitle
are coordinated with related programs, projects, and activities carried out
under other provisions of law.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="H0634C8A2D0C9462EAC598A1B4895F53F"><enum>3205.</enum><header>Definitions</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">In this subtitle:</text>
<paragraph id="H527C0E113D164F11A711339BFEED5A92"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Prevention and
response</header><text>The term <term>prevention and response</term> means
activities designed to prevent and respond to violence against women and
girls.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HD0126EC129354DCCB7F0B45C42297FE6"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Violence against
women and girls</header><text>The term <term>violence against women and
girls</term>means any act of violence that results in, or is likely to result
in, physical, sexual, or psychological harm or suffering to women or girls,
including threats of such acts, coercion, or arbitrary deprivations of liberty,
whether occurring in public or private life.</text>
</paragraph></section></subtitle><subtitle id="HD8AC5125412D435B96AADA16342CD0A6"><enum>C</enum><header>Rule of
law</header>
<section id="HC11B4C00B8D04313BB35D2458D36D538"><enum>3301.</enum><header>Findings</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">Congress finds the following:</text>
<paragraph id="HF213EF5930554A55B9D073A5C0DE03EA"><enum>(1)</enum><text>Human security
depends upon the existence of a system under which citizens are protected
against arbitrary and abusive use of power, law and order are consistently
maintained, and justice is effectively administered.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HE90F5A0813844C5A8DE254FC49A6E28E"><enum>(2)</enum><text>The rule of law
must be carried out in accordance with international human rights standards,
which include the equality and accountability of all individuals before the law
regardless of political or social status; the protection of individuals against
arbitrary or discriminatory treatment by, or with the acquiescence of, the
government; the independence of the judiciary and the legal profession from
other branches of government; the professional maintenance of law and order;
and the transparent and fair administration of justice.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H002665455E0541DE86A90AA1FE590EA6"><enum>(3)</enum><text>Responsible and
effective criminal justice systems not only build the foundations for democracy
and economic growth in developing countries, but also help to stem illicit
activities, such as drug trafficking and terrorism, that threaten United States
national interests.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HB760FB875FF64A0DA1F82E30DBF0554D"><enum>(4)</enum><text>Provision of rule
of law assistance to foreign police and security forces is an inherently
governmental function, which should be performed by, or under the direct
supervision of, United States Government employees.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H552740178B3141EE9DFD7F47F20378D9"><enum>(5)</enum><text>The United States
should provide assistance to foreign law enforcement agencies only—</text>
<subparagraph id="H75FC064C56064A1DAFDE294E484BECC1"><enum>(A)</enum><text>if such agencies
have demonstrated a commitment to improving protection of the security, human
rights and dignity of the civilian population;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H2C654042F2C94F7F9CF0BD432D4BA660"><enum>(B)</enum><text>within the context
of a comprehensive program to strengthen the rule of law and improve the
administration of justice; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H703B02A386D54C3DA6CC1FECDCE264FD"><enum>(C)</enum><text>in conjunction
with a system to monitor and evaluate the impact of such advice, training, and
equipment.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></section><section id="H4FC39EBD4B164D6D8285CEB38D4BE950"><enum>3302.</enum><header>Global Rule of
Law Policy Committee</header>
<subsection id="H26117C51FB21425D9817A76709C16409"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Establishment</header><text>The
President shall establish a Global Rule of Law Policy Committee (hereafter in
this section referred to as the <quote>Committee</quote>), to include the
Secretary of State, the Attorney General, the Secretary of Homeland Security,
the Secretary of the Treasury, the Secretary of Defense, the Administrator, and
the heads of other Federal agencies engaged in rule of law assistance.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H9F36227F0193442EA361F88058E866C9"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Purpose</header><text>The
purpose of the Committee shall be to promote coordination among Federal
agencies carrying out rule of law assistance and to build capacity to provide
such assistance effectively.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H057FD84299BC4104953B772A3EC1AF30"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Review</header><text>The
Committee shall have the authority to review any proposed legislative or legal
advice to be provided by private contractors to foreign law enforcement
agencies.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HC4624A1329F447CCBA7021202405B6DF"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Coordination
plan</header><text>Not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment of
this Act, the Committee shall establish a plan for the coordination of rule of
law assistance, including—</text>
<paragraph id="H35C06DF03B404CF796606070D53CFB06"><enum>(1)</enum><text>building capacity
within the United States Government to provide expert, long-term advice and
training for foreign civilian law enforcement agencies and judicial
systems;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H0C06510342D44FBF9C43149B564D5A7B"><enum>(2)</enum><text>utilizing such
capacity currently existing within other donor countries and international and
nongovernmental organizations;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HE2279321410E4452896CF271EF8BDC0D"><enum>(3)</enum><text>delineating the
roles and responsibilities of each Federal agency in carrying out rule of law
assistance;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HBA276B1821864AD290EF54EEF3194052"><enum>(4)</enum><text>establishing
general policies and principles guiding the provision of rule of law
assistance; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H16CC27518C544758A2B4CA4F564BBC3C"><enum>(5)</enum><text>ensuring policy
and program coordination among Federal agencies carrying out rule of law
assistance.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H15F55A92B8BF4FFC9BD02D5C8C9ECDC5"><enum>(e)</enum><header>Transmission to
congress</header><text>The coordination plan required under subsection (d)
shall be transmitted to the appropriate congressional committees and made
publicly available on the Internet.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H3591C9E1C1714053AE7F63D55909EB67"><enum>(f)</enum><header>Definition</header><text>In
this section, the term <term>rule of law assistance</term> means assistance
under this or any other Act to combat crime, improve law enforcement, and
strengthen the administration of justice in a foreign country, including
assistance under sections 1803, 3303, and 5203.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="H622F0B0E200F4161B80B523B3460AE6C"><enum>3303.</enum><header>Assistance for
rule of law</header>
<subsection id="H9663BD4B2B0F449AAC2EC1490E1BD345"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Nonlethal
assistance</header><text>The President is authorized to provide training,
advice, and nonlethal equipment to eligible foreign law enforcement agencies to
improve the capacity of such agencies to—</text>
<paragraph id="H1740E480B7334098A64820B470A7EA00"><enum>(1)</enum><text>protect the safety
and security of civilian populations, including through community
policing;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H6012DE2BE68B455480D7A349221D4038"><enum>(2)</enum><text>promote respect
for human rights and due process of law;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H57B566CBABD34B63B7C5E0455E491B78"><enum>(3)</enum><text>prevent and
respond to violence against women and girls;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HB3964728D2BE41E9A0D80066F9D9DE92"><enum>(4)</enum><text>reduce organized
crime, corruption, and financial crimes;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H3A9FCAB240744ECABC6F883AA4BCDA5F"><enum>(5)</enum><text>carry out
investigative and forensic functions;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HE35614BCA1564021BA032128C20B266D"><enum>(6)</enum><text>bring penal
institutions into conformity with international humanitarian standards;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H8447B19CE3EB40D088E3CF38555D8E80"><enum>(7)</enum><text>develop training
curricula;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HC5747B42F0FB402E994811AD4D7F71C0"><enum>(8)</enum><text>manage human and
financial resources and carry out administrative functions, including internal
discipline procedures;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H55B5769EF5CC4D738D060B73E3C793D9"><enum>(9)</enum><text>conduct strategic
planning and institutional reform consistent with civilian democratic
control;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HB8B501F5FE7F4D3EBE1387ED597E8590"><enum>(10)</enum><text>institute
effective mechanisms for accountability and oversight;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H6704A29510EA491ABEBEC7D60FCA910F"><enum>(11)</enum><text>develop
constructive relationships with the communities they serve;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H133AD5B6973D47EFA4D9F1EDDBF270DF"><enum>(12)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">prevent disputes from escalating into
violence;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H3498CA26310C47309DAFCA8C9C56AD6D"><enum>(13)</enum><text>respond
appropriately and effectively in disasters and emergencies;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H847CC96B242442E1ABDB944E4472457E"><enum>(14)</enum><text>control and
protect land, air and maritime borders, and enforce customs;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HE49F0AF4D9F5488BA152518AED9A6307"><enum>(15)</enum><text>participate in
international peace support operations;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H702A44AA699F4421845C6CB1631CD6D4"><enum>(16)</enum><text>monitor and
enforce sanctions regimes;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H7626865FDFE8482FB85211531D1F6F50"><enum>(17)</enum><text>detect and
interdict trafficking in persons, weapons, narcotics, and other
contraband;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H1A18B18B3F2545B791142AFED0ECCF33"><enum>(18)</enum><text>conduct maritime
law enforcement and border control; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HE69D417ACE554E17A4141216FD50B477"><enum>(19)</enum><text>combat terrorism
and violent extremism.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H29D2C22BD8AB455DBEFE699FEE573082"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Administration
of justice</header><text>The President is authorized to assist eligible foreign
law enforcement agencies to improve administration of justice, including
through—</text>
<paragraph id="H199927625D9B4CDD93EAF5F960D1224E"><enum>(1)</enum><text>revision and
modernization of legal codes and procedures;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HE534A68EA5454A8CB086505C27AA13B9"><enum>(2)</enum><text>improving
transparency and efficiency of judicial processes;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H9FD6E8C0D70344AB8C67F86062F4C9C9"><enum>(3)</enum><text>professional
training, scholarships, and exchanges of lawyers, judges, and other judicial
officials;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H0A4B7087B5884FC480E81423BF246E20"><enum>(4)</enum><text>building
administrative and financial management capacity in the justice sector;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HB3A1E9B19A5E461C9B6EC98DF28F9A7E"><enum>(5)</enum><text>programs to
enhance protection of witnesses and participants in judicial cases;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H236522194CE94A99ADC7DF3E0A67BED3"><enum>(6)</enum><text>strengthening
professional organizations in order to promote services to members and the role
of the bar in judicial selection, enforcement of ethical standards, and legal
reform;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H5FAEC9F0600F459F84F94B18C9048C16"><enum>(7)</enum><text>increasing the
availability of legal materials and publications;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H457263566BE44DBFA34A024BB2452F8B"><enum>(8)</enum><text>developing systems
to ensure competent defense of indigent clients charged with crimes;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HACC8CC419D6947C3ACF5B01B718D71DE"><enum>(9)</enum><text>enhancing access
of crime victims to legal information and services; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H2B1A7FC5F9F64201921D9FC4B5E83BA5"><enum>(10)</enum><text>programs to
strengthen respect for the rule of law and internationally recognized human
rights.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H8369A60FD91942539AD13AF17B4EF8C1"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Eligible
agencies</header><text>A foreign law enforcement agency shall be eligible for
assistance under this section only if—</text>
<paragraph commented="no" id="H3348E12243BE4AD184D0B3967640B455"><enum>(1)</enum><text>the President
determines, and reports to the appropriate congressional committees not less
than 15 days in advance of providing such assistance, that such agency has
demonstrated a commitment to improving protection of the security, human
rights, and dignity of the civilian population;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="H923A39FB287F455A9189016427A46309"><enum>(2)</enum><text>the assistance
will be used to strengthen democratic control over the police or prison
authority or to improve adherence to international human rights standards;
and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H7BDEFFBC31CF4539AD7946DB313C1C94"><enum>(3)</enum><text>such agency is not
otherwise prohibited by any provision of this Act from receiving
assistance.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HA3608C47EECF459A88AD116F41459AE8"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Accountability</header><text>The
Comptroller General of the United States shall, not later than 1 year after the
date of the enactment of this Act, conduct a review of the effectiveness and
results of rule of law programs supported by the United States Government over
the prior 5-year period, including their outcomes for human rights, in order to
determine best practices and lessons learned for future programming.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H3685F9A4F847418BAA2C36627E81CE19"><enum>(e)</enum><header>Participation in
foreign police actions</header>
<paragraph id="H019185B7235E4C14A2116584406DD7A3"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Prohibition on
effecting an arrest</header><text>No officer or employee of the United States
may directly effect an arrest in any foreign country as part of any foreign
police action, notwithstanding any other provision of law.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H04488A215A2A4FA880697DD12E8E896E"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Participation in
arrest actions</header><text>Paragraph (1) does not prohibit an officer or
employee of the United States, with the approval of the United States chief of
mission, from being present when foreign officers are effecting an arrest or
from assisting foreign officers who are effecting an arrest.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H29A5A5867925411D863681D579A1D1EA"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Exception for
exigent, threatening circumstances</header><text>Paragraph (1) does not
prohibit an officer or employee from taking direct action to protect life or
safety if exigent circumstances arise which are unanticipated and which pose an
immediate threat to United States officers or employees, officers or employees
of a foreign government, or members of the public.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HAAEB142502B5412D9D570921C709114E"><enum>(4)</enum><header>Exception for
maritime law enforcement</header><text>With the agreement of a foreign country,
paragraph (1) does not apply with respect to maritime law enforcement
operations in the territorial sea or archipelagic waters of that
country.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H43BDE0BFF9D54732843B0F6BF844A2CE"><enum>(5)</enum><header>Exception for
status of forces arrangements</header><text>This subsection does not apply to
the activities of the United States Armed Forces in carrying out their
responsibilities under applicable status of forces arrangements.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section id="HDEE25437CBD246479F3E0CEDFBA79191"><enum>3304.</enum><header>Definition</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">In this subtitle, the term <term>foreign law
enforcement agency</term> means an agency—</text>
<paragraph id="HAD5E3E6FED9A436AB4F755A284802514"><enum>(1)</enum><text>with domestic
arrest powers;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H1C536FF23DC741F1B1D0197F2FD1FB3E"><enum>(2)</enum><text>responsible for
internal security, including the protection of life and property; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HDBF01EBF81C246718D65EE662D1D26F6"><enum>(3)</enum><text>that does not
report to a defense ministry or similar or related entity of a foreign
government and is not a military force.</text>
</paragraph></section></subtitle><subtitle id="H2985864CEBCE4E9FA838A0A903B55E16"><enum>D</enum><header>Child
protection</header>
<section id="H76557803E16E4F898BDBE0B68CD67EEB"><enum>3401.</enum><header>Findings</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">Congress finds that—</text>
<paragraph id="HB06BFD8E8C0540918C751D2094BE6B61"><enum>(1)</enum><text>the Trafficking
Victims Protection Act of 2000 (Public Law 106–386) and subsequent
reauthorization Acts establish a comprehensive framework for monitoring and
combating human trafficking, including that of children;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H82B5B1CBC3F6460E95FCFD2CD308B49E"><enum>(2)</enum><text>under the
Trafficking Victims Protection Act of 2000, the Secretary annually identifies
countries that do not comply with minimum standards for the elimination of
trafficking, some of which are making significant efforts to bring themselves
into compliance;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H5A094E83C89142B88EFA807F1749D02D"><enum>(3)</enum><text>additional
incentives should be provided to encourage countries to protect and rescue
children subjected to severe forms of trafficking or sexual exploitation;
and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H94543341171F4318AC9D12F293EEEDDC"><enum>(4)</enum><text>such incentives
can be provided in the form of assistance to countries that—</text>
<subparagraph id="H041B946D245643CBBFCF5736E772FD3A"><enum>(A)</enum><text>have a significant
prevalence of trafficking in children;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HCC816FE5FCD94C879FAC2C18AC87E78D"><enum>(B)</enum><text>agree to address
institutional weaknesses within the government that result in the failure to
protect vulnerable children and to rescue and properly rehabilitate victims;
and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HCEC1389A9EBD4254AEDECD5466D1101F"><enum>(C)</enum><text>agree to enhance
efforts to apprehend perpetrators who engage in severe forms of trafficking in
children and bring them to justice in national courts of law.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></section><section id="H21580B3FFBE545A4AFC30E9C51A21420"><enum>3402.</enum><header>Child
Protection Compacts</header>
<subsection id="H23ABE7160E39482EBC0151568EC062ED"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Authorization</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The Secretary, acting through the Office to
Monitor and Combat Trafficking in Persons and in consultation with the Senior
Policy Operating Group on Trafficking in Persons, is authorized to enter into a
compact described in subsection (b) with an eligible country described in
subsection (c) to protect and rescue children subjected to severe forms of
trafficking or sexual exploitation. Such compact shall be known as a
<quote>Child Protection Compact</quote>.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H68FB281A51424437BEC824B36DA79DED"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Compact</header>
<paragraph id="H1477EC5ED9E74C69B3691D39380AF747"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>A compact described in this subsection is an agreement
between the United States and an eligible country that establishes a multiyear
plan to protect and rescue children subjected to severe forms of trafficking or
sexual exploitation.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HA424DB7CE931446586CE33C1250DE36E"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Elements</header><text>A
compact shall contain—</text>
<subparagraph id="H4A5DB8B6A2324812A195AC7ECC45DCEE"><enum>(A)</enum><text>the specific
objectives that the country and the United States expect to achieve during the
term of the compact;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HF309DE4C2CD34E97BACE538E1B058DC7"><enum>(B)</enum><text>the
responsibilities of the country and the United States in the achievement of
such objectives;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H8DAB3FE168884A66A6816F5B0B90024F"><enum>(C)</enum><text>the particular
programs or initiatives to be undertaken in the achievement of such objectives
and the amount of funding to be allocated to each program or initiative;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H1610BD829C9D4F188B39458A6640D81C"><enum>(D)</enum><text>regular outcome
indicators to monitor and measure progress toward achieving such objectives,
including indicators for each program or initiative;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H1A7619A4DFA2438CA5810CE57C32A3B7"><enum>(E)</enum><text>a multi-year
financial plan, including the estimated amount of contributions by the United
States and the country; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H209B695A0B61406B9D4AED053622F141"><enum>(F)</enum><text>the strategy of
the country to sustain progress made toward achieving such objectives after
expiration of the compact.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="HCC83FAE0C035488F9AB9C753325CC58A"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Programs and
initiatives</header><text>Programs and initiatives under a compact may
include—</text>
<subparagraph id="HA2B0513880DC4052928576345BEC227E"><enum>(A)</enum><text>evaluating legal
standards and practices and recommending improvements that will increase the
likelihood of successful prosecutions;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H7CC93E8B78C84DDEB45FC5BC7BBCB30F"><enum>(B)</enum><text>training
anti-trafficking police and investigators;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HC046B2F44AF54B3E84FDCDE58CE490A9"><enum>(C)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">increasing public awareness of the risks
and dangers of child trafficking;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HFBAD59435C0D431086FB9F3645A19740"><enum>(D)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">building cooperation between domestic
nongovernmental organizations and law enforcement agencies to identify and
rescue victims;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H484F1BC1784B4BFB959569042413B49C"><enum>(E)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">making courts more friendly to
victims;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HAAACDCF89A614AC3BF8D040003EB3A33"><enum>(F)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">providing rehabilitation and reintegration
services for rescued children;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H3DCCE7FAD6964B6CB36EDA07BA4858C8"><enum>(G)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">supporting innovative technology and
improved data collection to prevent child trafficking, aid in the prosecution
of criminals, and rescue victims; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H3120D12F28CE48E5ADF549A543AE1530"><enum>(H)</enum><text>developing
regional cooperative plans with neighboring countries to prevent cross-border
trafficking of children and child sex tourism.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H32B0D37B90C4468D855B9622BA215515"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Eligible
countries</header><text>A country is eligible for a compact if the
country—</text>
<paragraph id="HB837D01FDC0646AE8C029A0CFF218185"><enum>(1)</enum><text>is a developing
country, in that term is defined in section 1023;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HEFCE94E628F641588A3F111075B5E37B"><enum>(2)</enum><text>is a Tier II
country or Tier II Watch List country;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HE0BA59978E0B4C2D8E1F50E0E1518C7D"><enum>(3)</enum><text>has a documented
high prevalence of trafficking of children; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HE12A24E04AEC415790BA132DE9B0898F"><enum>(4)</enum><text>has demonstrated
political will and sustained commitment by the government to undertake
meaningful measures to address severe forms of trafficking of children,
including—</text>
<subparagraph id="H4DE395876E254C7FBC92A91177BC82C7"><enum>(A)</enum><text>enactment and
enforcement of laws criminalizing trafficking in children with punishments
commensurate with the crime, including, when necessary, against complicit
government officials;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HD54D72FAECA94564998872357CD10382"><enum>(B)</enum><text>cooperation with
local and international nongovernmental organizations with demonstrated
expertise in combating the trafficking in children; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H7AE92F8244F349DF91750A223D451566"><enum>(C)</enum><text>the treatment of
child trafficking victims in accordance with Article 6(3) of the Protocol to
Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons, Especially Women and
Children, Supplementing the United Nations Convention Against Transnational
Organized Crime.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></subsection></section><section id="H5082A394E64D42D794ED61EE6E2AFBC3"><enum>3403.</enum><header>Authorization
of assistance</header>
<subsection id="H9A35D25E83C848A9A4E07BFDDA6E71CB"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The Secretary is
authorized to use funds made available under this Act for economic assistance
to—</text>
<paragraph id="HD058AAD7E807409CB6C9A4B884DB21EF"><enum>(1)</enum><text>develop a Child
Protection Compact between the United States and an eligible country under
section 3402; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HF857BEB64AD748DCB6D7083AEC6B607C"><enum>(2)</enum><text>provide assistance
to an eligible entity described in subsection (b) to carry out a Child
Protection Compact.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H54E3A90C76984970B094F13EB248FAB4"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Eligible
entities</header><text>In carrying out a Child Protection Compact, the
Secretary may provide assistance to—</text>
<paragraph id="H214FEC1CC82341E588058947A66E4E15"><enum>(1)</enum><text>the national
government of the eligible country under section 3402;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H9343B9675CCE41B193510941D4C0E357"><enum>(2)</enum><text>regional or local
governmental units of an eligible country under section 3402;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HC24B26B5EAFA43299F0AD9419BE538FC"><enum>(3)</enum><text>a
regional or international organization; or</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HDF104EB8B9ED4893B15B2F7CB03A713D"><enum>(4)</enum><text>a
nongovernmental organization or a private entity with expertise in the
protection of vulnerable children, the investigation and prosecution of those
who engage in or benefit from child trafficking, or the rescue of child victims
of trafficking.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section id="H383F23279090409FA94DB7E99E26E959"><enum>3404.</enum><header>Suspension and
termination of assistance</header>
<subsection id="HE8D0F8598B26447AB25A4B874E57B64E"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Suspension and
termination of assistance</header><text>The Secretary shall suspend or
terminate assistance under section 3403 in whole or in part for an eligible
entity under section 3403 if the Secretary determines that—</text>
<paragraph id="H4FF110163D9E4A75AE2498492AE4A5C6"><enum>(1)</enum><text>the entity is
engaged in activities that are contrary to the national security interests of
the United States;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H3E402C5E4EE4406F90BABD46CCA61AC3"><enum>(2)</enum><text>the entity has
engaged in a pattern of actions inconsistent with the criteria used to
determine the eligibility of the country or entity, as the case may be;
or</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H6F45C3BAF7E9400B8D34CEB5BE2ADD3B"><enum>(3)</enum><text>the entity has
failed to adhere to its responsibilities under the Child Protection
Compact.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H9A0074C2A25046C99B5F8030DDF4B00D"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Reinstatement</header><text>The
Secretary may reinstate assistance that has been suspended or terminated under
subsection (a) only if the Secretary determines that the entity has
demonstrated a commitment to correcting each condition for which assistance was
suspended or terminated.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H537A40A1547046308A86648EEBDEA235"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Congressional
notification</header><text>Not later than 3 days after the date on which the
Secretary suspends or terminates assistance under subsection (a) for an entity,
or reinstates assistance under subsection (b) for an entity, the Secretary
shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a report that contains
the determination of the Secretary under subsection (a) or subsection (b), as
the case may be.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="HFABA92802AD8489C9BF25594203071F2"><enum>3405.</enum><header>Congressional
notification</header>
<subsection id="H70013B00F8F84EEA8ACDB032A0040B88"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Prior
consultation</header><text>Not later than 15 days prior to the start of
negotiations of a Child Protection Compact with a country, the Ambassador shall
consult with the appropriate congressional committees.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HADD229FEDDE6464F8F0A43FCFE9C7C1A"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Congressional
notification</header><text>Not later than 10 days after entering into a Child
Protection Compact with a country, the Ambassador shall notify the appropriate
congressional committees, and shall provide a detailed summary of the Compact
and a copy of the text of the Compact.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HE086A3E4F0A0473EA644DDD4F736C729"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Monitoring and
evaluation</header><text>The Ambassador shall ensure that regular monitoring
reports for each compact are prepared and made available to the appropriate
congressional committees, and that an independent impact evaluation is
conducted upon the completion of a compact.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="H7777046B53F34E89818D06B3767A2953"><enum>3406.</enum><header>Definitions</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">In this subtitle:</text>
<paragraph id="HACDC8490CAC647D5830D6CC9A8BEEBA5"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Ambassador</header><text>The
term <term>Ambassador</term> means the Ambassador-at-Large of the Department of
State’s Office to Monitor and Combat Trafficking in Persons.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HE0B9154E33A447D9B0693006665EF507"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Child
protection</header><text>The term <term>child protection</term> means efforts
to prevent and respond to violence, exploitation, and abuse against
children.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H312CAC3A11E84F0A8C76B5559CA754F4"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Compact</header><text>The
term <term>Child Protection Compact</term> or <term>Compact</term> means a
Child Protection Compact described in section 3402.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H5C0A2E1DDD124F4DBC95A816F87BD231"><enum>(4)</enum><header>Severe forms of
trafficking</header><text>The term <term>severe forms of trafficking in
persons</term> means—</text>
<subparagraph id="H0EE8D6D6868945E4B1630A646AF104C5"><enum>(A)</enum><text>sex trafficking in
which a commercial sex act is induced by force, fraud, or coercion, or in which
the person induced to perform such act has not attained 18 years of age;
or</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HBEC4C02FF2F04E089CFB126B5B7121E9"><enum>(B)</enum><text>the recruitment,
harboring, transportation, provision, or obtaining of a person for labor or
services, through the use of force, fraud, or coercion for the purpose of
subjection to involuntary servitude, peonage, debt bondage, or slavery.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H77A0F6EA990C4E4F9737924F13A2BB48"><enum>(5)</enum><header>Tier ii
countries and tier ii watch list countries</header><text>The terms <term>Tier
II countries</term> and <term>Tier II Watch List countries</term> mean those
countries designated by the Secretary as not meeting minimum standards for the
elimination of trafficking.</text>
</paragraph></section></subtitle><enum>IV</enum><header>Building and
reinforcing strategic partnerships</header>
<section id="HC7919F6C28B34607A4A51FE7CBD9F8DB"><enum>4001.</enum><header>Findings</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">Congress finds the following:</text>
<paragraph id="H7115BA529E8C40C9A74FD2BD47C99CD6"><enum>(1)</enum><text>The ultimate goal
of the United States continues to be a world which is free from the scourge of
war and the dangers and burdens of armaments, in which the use of force has
been subordinated to the rule of law, and in which international adjustments to
a changing world are achieved peacefully.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HB989756972D84DF39EB2E69FD8106EEC"><enum>(2)</enum><text>In furtherance of
that goal, it remains the policy of the United States to encourage regional
arms control and disarmament agreements; discourage arms races; and encourage
restraint in the provision of armaments, especially small arms and light
weapons and advanced conventional weapons, to countries in regions of
instability.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H3E3CCB14C61F48D7A8911CAE6BC2715C"><enum>(3)</enum><text>The efforts of the
United States and other friendly countries to promote peace and security
continue to require measures of support based upon the principle of effective
self-help and mutual aid.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H472FD8AB87C145C980D5365BBF7D2CC9"><enum>(4)</enum><text>The peace of the
world and the security of the United States are endangered so long as hostile
countries continue by threat of military action, by the use of economic
pressure, by their active or permissive support of terrorists, terrorist
organizations and extremism, and by internal subversion, or other means to
attempt to undermine the peace, security, human rights, political freedoms,
civil rights, or prosperity of others.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H2067F9C061574CEA897714AA3599018F"><enum>(5)</enum><text>Peace and security
for all is endangered by the failure of countries to live up to their sovereign
responsibilities to protect civilian populations from violence, reduce
terrorism, halt the spread of dangerous materials, and control transnational
crime.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H2415F31274BC4D8C802BAA74FE76B1A1"><enum>(6)</enum><text>It is in the
interest of the United States to help foreign countries build capable and
accountable military, police, customs, and other security forces, under
civilian democratic control, in order to exercise their sovereign
responsibilities.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H0DDB3FAAE3C844BAAD9E5A073867AC86"><enum>(7)</enum><text>Extreme poverty
and underdevelopment are threats to peace. The provision of foreign assistance
under this title to developing countries must take into account how the foreign
assistance will affect such countries’ social and economic development and
whether the foreign assistance is diverting resources away from development
efforts that meet basic needs of the population and address root causes of
instability.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H904056E1A6654CA5A8A8D9BE73D68940"><enum>(8)</enum><text>Weapons and
weapons systems are not and should not be considered to be normal commodities
for international trade, and the United States should permit such sales only to
the extent that such sales directly support United States foreign policy and
national security objectives.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HD7A495561A5A4E66BD00EFE3ABE7887B"><enum>(9)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Foreign assistance under this title should
not be provided if such foreign assistance will likely—</text>
<subparagraph id="H1E65802A60FE4CE98B826300E1E251BF"><enum>(A)</enum><text>contribute to an
arms race or regional instability;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H5A49E784585C442BA32CD960F9529B0B"><enum>(B)</enum><text>increase the
possibility of outbreak or escalation of conflict, either within or across the
borders of the recipient country;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H01F8E795E4F94C6B866484BAA7CF3E7E"><enum>(C)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">support international terrorism;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H7089F07B343E4DFBA95C200A2ECF1FEE"><enum>(D)</enum><text>prejudice the
development of bilateral or multilateral arms control arrangements;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H81A0501DC486432295ABD2B7F439DC49"><enum>(E)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">adversely affect the arms control or
nonproliferation policy of the United States;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H9B728AEF98044E5D951A4B8C4F9CF60A"><enum>(F)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">be in excess to the legitimate defense
needs of the recipient country in terms of the actual threats to its national
security it faces; or</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H4878873222CB4FB4BAABD60C1E07B04B"><enum>(G)</enum><text>undermine the
objectives and purposes to promote and protect human rights and democracy under
title III.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></section><section id="HBCE194B748624648927582147C3A7B90"><enum>4002.</enum><header>Statement of
policy</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">It is the policy of the
United States—</text>
<paragraph id="H094FB2B31590430183034536F6CC491D"><enum>(1)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">to promote the peace of the world and the
foreign policy, security, and general welfare of the United States by fostering
an improved climate of security, political independence and individual liberty,
improving the ability of friendly countries and international organizations to
deter or, if necessary, defeat aggression in whatever form, facilitating
arrangements for individual and collective security, assisting friendly
countries to provide for their legitimate defense needs, and creating an
environment of security and stability in the developing friendly countries
essential to their more rapid social, economic, and political progress;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H3627A7A5AC80468EB5351FDCD4211A76"><enum>(2)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">to exert leadership in the world community
to bring about arrangements for reducing the international trade in implements
of war and to lessen the danger of outbreak of regional conflict and the
burdens of armaments;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H04F75A1ADD8742D383595B9078562F82"><enum>(3)</enum><text>to exert maximum
efforts to achieve universal control of weapons of mass destruction, the
securing and control of the means to produce and deliver them, and universal
regulation and reduction of armaments, including armed forces, under adequate
safeguards to protect complying countries against violation, aggression, and
invasion;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H2185DE00F5A04723BDD318C0FAFC8D3F"><enum>(4)</enum><text>to administer
United States programs for or procedures governing the export, sale, and grant
of defense articles and defense services to foreign countries and international
organizations in a manner consistent with the goals described in section
4003;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H180A869AB5154612B2DF331F0B6E75E9"><enum>(5)</enum><text>to achieve
international peace and security through the United Nations and the diplomatic
settlement of disputes so that armed force shall not be used except for
individual or collective self-defense;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HFCBBFA27788A4CA8828F27ACB1D3CF38"><enum>(6)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">to encourage all other countries to join in
a common undertaking to meet the goals described in section 4003; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H33DF51CBAEF94E579E68E2C0910837BD"><enum>(7)</enum><text>to give priority
for the provision of foreign assistance under this title to the needs of those
countries in danger of becoming victims of aggression, terrorism, or
intimidation by conventional or non-conventional military means.</text>
</paragraph></section><section id="HB706229FF5F2464E897F433F06C1D0D5"><enum>4003.</enum><header>Goals of
assistance</header>
<subsection id="H8C6F81F8A17E4FFFA8129691C40AA6C9"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
General</header><text>The provision of foreign assistance under this title to
any country or organization shall be furnished solely to achieve the following
goals:</text>
<paragraph id="H9646FFEC9E8A437EBA5A15188891E468"><enum>(1)</enum><text>To improve the
ability of the country or organization to meet its legitimate defense and
internal security needs.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HB70DFE8C82494CA9B3FA62EC77501FBD"><enum>(2)</enum><text>To assist and
encourage the country or organization to recognize and effectively address
problems that threaten United States security, including terrorism,
proliferation of weapons and dangerous technologies, environmental destruction,
the spread of deadly disease, and transnational crime.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H8E8E398CF4C04236B44028525C87035C"><enum>(3)</enum><text>To protect
civilian populations from violence, including criminal violence.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H7A50529C462E4F069071199DF911A145"><enum>(4)</enum><text>To permit the
country or organization to participate in regional or collective arrangements
or measures requested by the United Nations, or consistent with the Charter of
the United Nations, for the purpose of maintaining or restoring international
peace and security.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H74AA29B1EF174A09932305665016027D"><enum>(5)</enum><text>To increase the
professionalization, transparency, accountability, humanitarian and disaster
response capacity, or human rights record of the security forces of the country
or organization, and the effective control of such security forces by civilian
democratic authorities.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H924379162CDD4C469F6307B986165BBA"><enum>(6)</enum><text>To promote a
social, economic, and political environment conducive to stable peace in the
country or region.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HCE67135D411E446D9BE51E2EFD59BDA8"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Biennial review
and report</header>
<paragraph id="H5A3ADD83569F4EBEA148321F666AE6A0"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Review</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">In carrying out the requirements of section
9201 with respect to security assistance, the Secretary shall, for each country
to which such assistance is provided—</text>
<subparagraph id="HCA8FE55BBDFB4543A0C16EC14E77F8D4"><enum>(A)</enum><text>review the extent
to which such assistance is achieving the goals of subsection (a);</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H53124F019720476E9DF97ECE0CBFF7CD"><enum>(B)</enum><text>review the impact
of such assistance on internationally recognized human rights; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HB1D3E91A326D44E984538E5236B60776"><enum>(C)</enum><text>incorporate the
results of such review into decisions regarding the provision and design of
security assistance.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="HA70DD1021C234EC4A29F98EAB63711F9"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Biennial
report</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Not later than 2 years
after the date of the enactment of this Act, and every 2 years thereafter, the
President shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a report on
the result of the review required under paragraph (1) and the steps taken to
incorporate the results of such review into security assistance
decisionmaking.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><subtitle id="H82351D96A779483B9B395C1DA45708B5"><enum>A</enum><header>Economic Support
Fund</header>
<section id="H1CDDD1DCB58C4FB49BB92960CB66E0C3"><enum>4101.</enum><header>Findings and
statement of policy</header>
<subsection id="HD903800BB67E410293555249674646BD"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Findings</header><text>Congress
finds the following:</text>
<paragraph id="H82F45338054448FEA4C0E44DE270FFEC"><enum>(1)</enum><text>Conflict,
violence, anarchy, and instability, fueled by problems such as tyranny and
oppression, corruption and financial mismanagement, ethnic and religious
discrimination and discord, competition over resources, and other sources of
tension, are among the greatest threats to United States national
security.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H62C7336FA7C74487A16CA2C4462C4389"><enum>(2)</enum><text>Terrorism and
violent extremism undermine the stability and survival of states, the
protection of democratic freedoms, the vitality of economies and markets, and
the lives of civilian populations.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HF34623088E9B4709B5D716855F87ED08"><enum>(3)</enum><text>United States
leadership is essential to countering terrorism and violent extremism,
fostering political and economic stability, and reaching comprehensive, just
and lasting peace agreements.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H74EE5A8D1A4D42F7805D51110A36ED70"><enum>(4)</enum><text>To reduce the need
for military force, the United States must develop and maintain a broad range
of efficient and effective diplomatic and economic tools to promote peaceful
resolution of conflict and to prevent the collapse of weak and fragile
states.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H763E6CCD56F74706A87F2B917BB1424F"><enum>(5)</enum><text>Efforts to promote
international peace and stability are most effective when undertaken on a
multilateral basis, in concert with strategic partners.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H7BA1B7A4E04E4F289C5AF97501B821ED"><enum>(6)</enum><text>Prudent investment
of United States resources to assist, through bilateral and collective efforts,
in preventing or containing armed conflict, in restoring peace and stability,
and in addressing the sources of conflict, is essential for achieving a
peaceful world.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H61DE9ECA53BF4CFAB72FE8A52CDF55A9"><enum>(7)</enum><text>While stability is
a necessary precursor to long-term development, stabilization programming often
has different objectives, beneficiaries, modalities, and measurement tools than
long-term development programming, and should be justified, budgeted, and
evaluated according to different criteria.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HE37D790C4A014C6F84217932FD233422"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Statement of
policy</header><text>It is the policy of the United States to deepen engagement
with close allies and partners, and to develop relations with new partners, to
prevent violent conflict, resolve underlying grievances fairly, and build
sustainable peace.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="H18DA058AC1AD4620882EA631DB1AA20A"><enum>4102.</enum><header>Goal and
objectives</header>
<subsection id="H70708DCD3C98431CA906233BC9949674"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Goal</header><text>The
goal of foreign assistance under this subtitle is to expand strategic
partnerships to prevent violent conflict, resolve underlying grievances fairly,
and build sustainable peace.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HDE4411DD34864F0999172B9718F8ECA8"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Objectives</header><text>In
furtherance of the goal described in subsection (a), foreign assistance under
this subtitle shall be designed to achieve the following objectives:</text>
<paragraph id="H7A96944F0B0F4ADFBEB3B1A65D891569"><enum>(1)</enum><text>Promoting and
supporting peace agreements.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H32E977BC9F0E4391973956A7C3526037"><enum>(2)</enum><text>Increasing
economic and political stability.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H4C44CC525A75401AA54F3AB3BF11FE71"><enum>(3)</enum><text>Facilitating
participation in collective diplomatic and security efforts.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H4D85E81B4486485999BFC08BF9A7F18C"><enum>(4)</enum><text>Strengthening
democratic governance.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section id="HA560B0E5D2C642D699E76AF2D675D9A3"><enum>4103.</enum><header>Economic
Support Fund</header>
<subsection id="HCEEB16D204CC4D5CB23D311CE217C418"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Authorization</header><text>The
President is authorized to provide foreign assistance under this subtitle to
countries and organizations, on such terms and conditions as the President may
determine, in order to achieve the goal and objectives of this subtitle. Such
foreign assistance shall be known as <quote>Economic Support Fund</quote>
assistance.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HC780926165FC49E1AD3412025981D169"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Relationship to
development assistance</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Foreign assistance under this
subtitle—</text>
<paragraph display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H08F17D6C6C89413AA0BADF7638723580"><enum>(1)</enum><text>should be designed
to complement assistance under title I and should be linked with subsequent
medium-term and long-term development programs;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HD011F7DB90A243C2BD99425BDA5E4A99"><enum>(2)</enum><text>shall be provided,
to the maximum extent feasible, consistent with the policy directions,
purposes, and programs of title I; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H087CB435128A4313ACD6DC1E7ECB9816"><enum>(3)</enum><text>is authorized to
be provided for countries in amounts that could not be justified solely under
assistance under title I.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H866BAE2B37E84D9D9DF9E18289AF9609"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Role of the
secretary</header><text>The Secretary shall be responsible for policy decisions
and justifications for foreign assistance under this subtitle, including
determinations of whether to provide foreign assistance to a country or
organization and the amount of such foreign assistance. The Secretary shall
exercise this responsibility in coordination with the Administrator.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H45B34E26C26F4C238428DBC6A90E8B09"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Information To
be provided</header><text>The annual congressional budget justification
required under section 9302 and the database required under section 9301 shall
include information concerning the amounts and kinds of cash grant transfers,
the amounts and kinds of budgetary and balance-of-payments support provided,
and the amounts and kinds of project assistance provided with funds made
available under this subtitle.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H559E97AAC4994DC49FA7B8A3F0360049"><enum>(e)</enum><header>Non-Military
purposes</header><text>Amounts made available to carry out this subtitle may
not be used for military or paramilitary purposes and may not be carried out by
military forces.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H9A2176B445F44B1EAA0391C9B8C1715F"><enum>(f)</enum><header>Availability of
funds</header><text>Amounts made available to carry out this subtitle are
authorized to remain available until expended.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="H821B08E2613C416F863C6DAAA4D9ED9E"><enum>4104.</enum><header>Cash transfer
assistance</header>
<subsection id="HFC9E5316658C4808859D238F3F99BF0D"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>The Secretary is authorized to provide foreign assistance
under this subtitle in the form of cash grant transfers, balance-of-payments
support, or other non-project assistance only to the extent and in the amounts
justified in the annual congressional budget justification required under
section 9302 or as subsequently notified to Congress pursuant to section
9401.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H4F4450F73DF64ECCA7E9A02C4E39D582"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Separate
accounts</header><text>A country or organization receiving foreign assistance
in the form of cash transfers or non-project sector assistance shall be
required to maintain such funds in a separate account and not commingle them
with any other funds.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H323AA7A2F70D44ED803254DD55489435"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Use of
funds</header><text>Funds placed into a separate account pursuant to subsection
(b) may be obligated and expended notwithstanding commodity restrictions (as
defined in section 11001).</text>
</subsection></section></subtitle><subtitle id="HB7826B96E1BE44938884BDE8C5E23A78"><enum>B</enum><header>Security
partnerships </header>
<chapter id="HDE02FFB10F5F4F84BC4529E6D948C7B8"><enum>1</enum><header>General
authorities</header>
<section id="HC79F912AE76144D3B0234825A210658E"><enum>4211.</enum><header>Authorization
of assistance</header>
<subsection id="H74EE1234D00C4A5393C5B6520F3E6B80"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Authorization</header>
<paragraph id="H3FBF3F909D534511AC6903BCDE8C10AA"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>The President is authorized to provide foreign assistance
under this subtitle to any country or organization that is eligible to receive
such assistance in order to promote security in the country or region.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H2BC159ECAC1E4911A7A80CCF7A0CF205"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Terms and
conditions</header><text>The President may provide foreign assistance under
this subtitle on such terms and conditions as the President may
determine.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H74BFEA7067FB4CD8A8A14AF562A8BC03"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Types of
assistance</header><text>Assistance provided under subsection (a)
includes—</text>
<paragraph id="H78E1D12DB21A4A28AC3363EA32FE3A13"><enum>(1)</enum><text>acquiring from any
source and providing by grant any defense article or defense service;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HD5F5F93B1E9640C3A11CFC4D24CC3BBD"><enum>(2)</enum><text>assigning or
detailing members of the United States Armed Forces and other personnel of the
Department of Defense, the Department of State, or any other Federal agency, to
perform duties of a non-combatant nature; or</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H21D3B339885B481E8FADD8ADB924AE2B"><enum>(3)</enum><text>transferring such
amounts made available under this title as the President may determine for
assistance to the country or organization to the account in which amounts for
the procurement of defense articles and defense services under section 4311 and
section 4312 have been deposited for the country or organization, to be merged
with such deposited funds, and to be used solely to meet obligations of the
country or organization for payment for sales of defense items and services
under this title.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H20FA2BA4BEA248E09CF6C7CBC3582D3B"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Exclusion of
certain costs</header><text>Sales that are wholly paid from funds transferred
under subsection (b)(3) or from funds made available on a non-repayable basis
under section 4311 shall be priced to exclude the costs of salaries of members
of the United States Armed Forces (other than the Coast Guard).</text>
</subsection></section><section id="H158E2B2A43294430AF703C2CDC4CA485"><enum>4212.</enum><header>Conditions of
assistance</header>
<subsection id="HE3F9E4121E234D8681FE912085560916"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Consistent with the
requirements of sections 4361 and 4362, foreign assistance authorized under
this subtitle, including defense articles, defense services, or related
training, may be provided to any country or organization if the country or
organization (as the case may be) has agreed that—</text>
<paragraph id="HDFD39CF0E0A34DEDA59DD03580024495"><enum>(1)</enum><text>it will not
transfer title to, or possession or use of, any defense article, defense
service, or related training so provided to it, or produced pursuant to a
cooperative project agreement, to anyone who is not an officer, employee, or
agent of the country or organization (as the case may be) or the specific
member countries (other than the United States) in the case of a cooperative
project agreement, without the prior consent of the President;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H1830175AB80F47B78DC1B6C79004591E"><enum>(2)</enum><text>it will maintain
the security of such articles, services, or related training and will provide
substantially the same degree of security protection afforded to such articles,
services, or related training by the United States Government;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H2A39F19F5C834CCA92AA0A88BCB3E779"><enum>(3)</enum><text>it will, as the
President may require, permit continuous observation and review by, and provide
necessary information to, representatives of the United States Government with
regard to the use of such articles, services, or related training; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HD8DFD77D53854C64944A16F25CE3D036"><enum>(4)</enum><text>unless the
President consents to other disposition, it will return to the United States
Government for such use or disposition as the President considers in the best
interests of the United States, such articles, services, or related training
which are no longer needed for the purposes for which provided.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection commented="no" id="H6EA89A1240964941871599121DA1911C"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Certification</header>
<paragraph commented="no" id="H1045BDA3FD134F348E91223D09519CFD"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The Secretary may not
give consent under section 4361 to the retransfer of any defense article or
defense service that would be, if it were a sale, subject to the requirements
of section 4382 (regarding congressional certification of sensitive foreign
military sales and agreements), unless the Secretary submits to the appropriate
congressional committees a written certification with respect to such proposed
retransfer containing—</text>
<subparagraph commented="no" id="HE1C496C98C3044CEBC8E7C0B89D458AA"><enum>(A)</enum><text>the name of the
country or organization proposing to make such retransfer;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" id="H074471041A14434FA073B2C47307843F"><enum>(B)</enum><text>a description of
such article or service proposed to be retransferred, including its acquisition
cost;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" id="HFA5C0590AED24C9DB26C950D1646EFDE"><enum>(C)</enum><text>the name of the
proposed recipient of such article or service;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" id="H0889B3C8ED554C17B9D57A21577B6581"><enum>(D)</enum><text>the reasons for
such proposed retransfer; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" id="H84E1357F392C471E8629CBFCEFF4DF44"><enum>(E)</enum><text>the date on which
such retransfer is proposed to be made.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="H0DDD920D89C34D7CA08BD10004DF7917"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Form</header><text>Any
certification submitted to the appropriate congressional committees pursuant to
paragraph (1)—</text>
<subparagraph commented="no" id="H541935BE78504EA2B9A72357BB18C104"><enum>(A)</enum><text>shall be submitted
in unclassified form, except that information regarding the dollar value and
number of defense articles or defense services proposed to be retransferred may
be submitted in classified form if public disclosure thereof would be clearly
detrimental to the security of the United States; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" id="H2C80E30EECA54FC7BAEF20560263A055"><enum>(B)</enum><text>shall be subject
to the requirements of sections 4384.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="HF04D7064220E48A9A9D34751E8BFA9DF"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Exception</header><text>Paragraph
(1) shall not apply to an export that has been exempted from the licensing
requirements of this title pursuant to an agreement pursuant to section
4341.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H6F429D0A59E84D4889EA56B0EAED159E"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Exception for
incorporated components</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The
consent of the President under subsection (a)(1) shall not be required for the
transfer by a foreign country or international organization of defense articles
sold by the United States under this Act if—</text>
<paragraph id="HF51AB971804844789D4E13197ABE08E6"><enum>(1)</enum><text>such articles
constitute components incorporated into foreign defense articles;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H4EA3795AEBE94DA9838190148A081867"><enum>(2)</enum><text>the recipient is
the government of a strategic United States ally;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HE97A4085ADEC4198BCE07CB462218033"><enum>(3)</enum><text>the recipient is
not a country designated under section 10401;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HCEEA747A1D71470292949CD550BF73BA"><enum>(4)</enum><text>the United
States-origin components are not—</text>
<subparagraph id="H9135A1A70E944D2C940C3B0BA62541FE"><enum>(A)</enum><text>significant
military equipment;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H4F4517F64D2543A0AFDC5B89D97D4E21"><enum>(B)</enum><text>defense articles
for which notification to Congress is required under section 4382; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H24DCC51C634342DD81FE70372C08AAF0"><enum>(C)</enum><text>identified by
regulation as Missile Technology Control Regime items; and</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H20FEBCEDE2EE4E398D7D37CEF521DAC6"><enum>(5)</enum><text>the foreign
country or international organization provides notification of the transfer of
the defense articles to the United States Government not later than 30 days
after the date of such transfer.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section id="HD9EB7914AE10469CB0BC452E419FACD4"><enum>4213.</enum><header>Prohibition
for misuse of United States assistance</header>
<subsection id="H61D5A89AE8E940A9A73729892A8AC4FC"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Prohibition</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">No foreign assistance may be provided under
this subtitle, subtitle C, or any predecessor Act to any country or
organization if the Secretary has credible information the country or
organization (as the case may be) uses or has used assistance, including
defense articles or defense services, provided under this title or any
predecessor Act in substantial violation (either in terms of quantities or in
terms of the gravity of the consequences regardless of the quantities involved)
of any agreement entered into pursuant to this title or any such Act—</text>
<paragraph id="HC732D40FC30B4F0A88CA782385E334A7"><enum>(1)</enum><text>by using such
articles or services for a purpose not authorized under section 4301 or, if
such agreement provides that such articles or services may only be used for
purposes more limited than those authorized under section 4301, for a purpose
not authorized under such agreement; or</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H18022BE1702F4FE1A8137866D85BA0A5"><enum>(2)</enum><text>by transferring
such articles or services to, or permitting any use of such articles or
services by, anyone not an officer, employee, or agent of the country or
organization without the prior consent of the United States; or</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H4107D357A1494731B635816B8E45C181"><enum>(3)</enum><text>by failing to
maintain the security of such articles or services, including attempts to
obtain classified or proprietary information or technology from such articles
or services.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H4D22EE24651244E989E8C3E3E88CABC8"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Congressional
notification</header>
<paragraph id="HA53DDC94163D45FDB2E044840C4BBC6D"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The Secretary shall
notify the appropriate congressional committees promptly upon the receipt of
credible information that a country or organization may have committed a
violation described in subsection (a), and what actions are being taken to
implement the prohibition under that subsection. The President shall ensure
that the appropriate United States Government departments and agencies provide
to the Secretary without delay any and all information relating to a violation
described in subsection (a).</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H224C60C6CBF54674A83AB73789DB6B95"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Timing</header><text>The
notification required under paragraph (1) with respect to a country or
organization shall occur before a certification required under chapter 6 of
subtitle C relating to a proposed export of a defense article or defense
service to the country or organization.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H853188C42D4F4271A3FDA73D6ABBE676"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Reinstatement</header><text>The
prohibition on assistance under subsection (a) shall cease to be effective for
any country or organization if the Secretary determines and notifies the
appropriate congressional committees that—</text>
<paragraph id="H402AF6DBE4D74335B07E757F12D4DDA3"><enum>(1)</enum><text>the violation for
which the prohibition was imposed has ceased;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H299B0E9EE2A842FFB851D3D4C6105547"><enum>(2)</enum><text>the country or
organization (as the case may be) has given assurances satisfactory to the
Secretary that the violation will not recur; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H8CDF3511D7864783BA98F571B019EC7B"><enum>(3)</enum><text>the country or
organization (as the case may be) has taken sufficient steps to prevent a
recurrence of any similar violation; or</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H7DEC0DB0C84343C2A9BB19FFA328B29B"><enum>(4)</enum><text>the Secretary has
determined that the violation did not in fact occur.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H3018BF436B514B29BDD98565802CF206"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Waiver</header><text>The
Secretary may waive the prohibition on assistance under subsection (a) for any
country or organization if the Secretary determines and notifies the
appropriate congressional committees that such prohibition on assistance would
have a significant adverse impact on the security of the United States.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H07743AB71069471B8E853072A00FD3D6"><enum>(e)</enum><header>Review and
report</header>
<paragraph id="H5A5FA8C9EB7046219E5803D4E9070CDC"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Review</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Not later than 180 days after the date of
the enactment of this Act, and every 3 years thereafter, the Inspector General
of the Department of State shall conduct a review of investigations by the
Department of State of any and all possible occasions of misuse of defense
articles and defense services by countries and organizations to determine
whether the Department of State has fully complied with the requirements of
this section, as well as with the Department of State’s internal procedures
(and whether such procedures are adequate), for reporting to Congress any
information regarding the unlawful use or transfer of defense articles and
defense services by such countries and organizations.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H23B89ADE231C4FC59BEBB7A1C0144884"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Report</header><text>The
Inspector General of the Department of State shall submit to the appropriate
congressional committees for each of fiscal years 2014 through 2017 a report
that contains the findings and results of the review conducted under paragraph
(1). The report shall be submitted in unclassified form to the maximum extent
possible, but may include a classified annex.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section></chapter><chapter id="H529D6AD2AE0C49B280290DCA0C5218B3"><enum>2</enum><header>Drawdown
authority</header>
<section id="H74F3A52CCB5C4D6690E93A07F00733AB"><enum>4221.</enum><header>Authorization
of emergency assistance</header>
<subsection id="H0C8186BD9D00493495FF7C46354D2EEA"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Authorization</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">If the President determines that—</text>
<paragraph id="H5CD13BFFE62A4EC7A81D11EB179E7992"><enum>(1)</enum><text>an unforeseen
emergency exists which requires the immediate provision of assistance
authorized under this subtitle to a country or organization, and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H1D42E00D814C4AB7B3FB08E609729D21"><enum>(2)</enum><text>the emergency
requirement cannot be met under the authority of any other provision of law
except this section,</text>
</paragraph><continuation-text continuation-text-level="subsection">the
President may direct, in order to meet the goals described in section 4003, the
drawdown of articles and services, including training, from any Federal agency
of an aggregate value of not to exceed $250,000,000 in any fiscal year.</continuation-text></subsection><subsection id="H8E6223340B7140FC9475AE6F5E4754A9"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Congressional
notification</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The President
may exercise the authority of subsection (a) with respect to an emergency
described in subsection (a) only if the President first notifies the
appropriate congressional committees.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="HCCD2C97647684A5BAA9A10C2C1B407F0"><enum>4222.</enum><header>Authorization
of non-emergency assistance</header>
<subsection id="HD72FF94A40704D1E908E96C87826835F"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">If the President
determines that it is in the national interest of the United States to drawdown
articles and services from the inventory and resources of any Federal agency,
including military education and training from the Department of Defense, the
President may direct the drawdown of such articles, services, and military
education and training—</text>
<paragraph id="HE4DD6AAE1EFC46CF83628551BD9EC147"><enum>(1)</enum><text>for purposes of
providing foreign assistance, as administered by the Department of State, under
this Act;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HC99BD9F337804A9297C6A4EDED70F3D6"><enum>(2)</enum><text>for purposes of
providing assistance under the Migration and Refugee Assistance Act of 1962;
or</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H944294E1F9C04BC49FC02108B7252B6C"><enum>(3)</enum><text>to support
cooperative efforts with Vietnam, Cambodia, or Laos to locate and repatriate
members of the United States Armed Forces and civilians employed directly or
indirectly by the United States Government who remain unaccounted for from the
Vietnam War, including for purposes of—</text>
<subparagraph id="H0815B5CF75F54D30BAEC9A62104E2B76"><enum>(A)</enum><text>ensuring the
safety of United States Government personnel engaged in such cooperative
efforts; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H267E8C008D7A4A54A699BE5CCFAFB804"><enum>(B)</enum><text>supporting
Department of Defense-sponsored humanitarian projects associated with such
efforts.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H58DFEF12F13649279B303E547B1B7B2F"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Limitation</header><text>An
aggregate value of not to exceed $250,000,000 in any fiscal year of such
articles, services, and military education and training may be provided
pursuant to subsection (a).</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H4A5FF28BF42B460CB17275D7BF516755"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Notification</header><text>The
authority contained in this section shall be effective for any such drawdown
only upon notification to the appropriate congressional committees at least 15
days prior to such drawdown in accordance with the procedures applicable to
reprogramming notifications.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="H74C63460569F4FBEB2431411DB41CC51"><enum>4223.</enum><header>Commercial
transportation and related services</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">For purposes of this chapter, a drawdown of
articles or services may include the supply of commercial transportation and
related services that are acquired by contract for the purposes of the drawdown
in question if the cost to acquire such commercial transportation and related
services is less than the cost to the United States Government of providing
such services from existing assets of the applicable Federal agency.</text>
</section><section id="H0ECEB45A91224BB2A665FFB9ACDE8EB8"><enum>4224.</enum><header>Report</header>
<subsection id="H5B9F402B85A1443582D4A501B3200958"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The Secretary shall
keep the appropriate congressional committees fully and currently informed of
assistance provided to a country or organization under this chapter, including
by submitting to the appropriate congressional committees a report describing
such assistance delivered to each country or organization upon delivery of such
articles or upon completion of such services or education and training.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H47FB8EC8F4444CB3B01BE7B402A363CF"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Publication on
website</header><text>The Secretary shall publish each report required under
subsection (a) on the Internet website of the Department of State upon
submission of the report to the appropriate congressional committees.</text>
</subsection></section></chapter><chapter id="HE9C77C12BBD14DD5A1DBEBBFEE019860"><enum>3</enum><header>Loans of defense
articles</header>
<section id="H17C7F9F051254399B1AB0554A63FD929"><enum>4231.</enum><header>Loan
requirements</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">In addition to
such other terms and conditions as the President may determine pursuant to
section 4211, defense articles and defense services may be loaned under such
section only if—</text>
<paragraph id="HF132812A597F41D4B5EE75E27AF238F0"><enum>(1)</enum><text>there is a bona
fide reason, other than the shortage of funds, for providing such articles on a
loan basis rather than on a grant basis;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H51FCEFC7820D48CEBFBDDA15562D7FDB"><enum>(2)</enum><text>there is a
reasonable expectation that such articles will be returned to the Federal
agency making the loan at the end of the loan period unless the loan is then
renewed;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HDF901C38104F463696C910ED1157E714"><enum>(3)</enum><text>the loan period is
of fixed duration not exceeding five years, during which such article may be
recalled for any reason by the United States;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HF5F89FA3D94142648FE5F272D8B2C425"><enum>(4)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">the agency making the loan is reimbursed
for the loan according to the provisions of section 4232; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H5CBB16E1EDED4F6DAE2D14E1E1064893"><enum>(5)</enum><text>the loan agreement
provides that—</text>
<subparagraph id="HC6678374B34D4274A40A17C35EBBAC56"><enum>(A)</enum><text>if the defense
article is damaged while on loan, the country or organization to which it was
loaned will reimburse the United States for the cost of restoring or replacing
the defense article; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HEE64D3E66AC14891A25112183694DAE7"><enum>(B)</enum><text>if the defense
article is lost or destroyed while on loan, the country or organization to
which it was loaned will pay to the United States an amount equal to the
replacement cost (less any depreciation in the value) of the defense
article.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></section><section id="H6FF9490E88984146BE4BCE78B8D6EDDB"><enum>4232.</enum><header>Cost of
loans</header>
<subsection id="H46599AA784724C26AD4DC5CCAB1439E6"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">In the case of any
loan of a defense article or defense service made under section 4211, there
shall be a charge to the appropriation for security assistance for any fiscal
year while such article or service is on loan in an amount based on—</text>
<paragraph id="HDCF474396A7F4F6A85B71D61469E962A"><enum>(1)</enum><text>the out-of-pocket
expenses authorized to be incurred in connection with such loan during such
fiscal year; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H904391E010E1419090CDF28A2C511937"><enum>(2)</enum><text>the depreciation
which occurs during such year while such article is on loan.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H15832872520946F49D98806C43F878DC"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Inapplicability</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The provisions of this chapter shall not
apply to any defense article or defense service, or portion thereof, acquired
with funds made available for assistance under this title.</text>
</subsection></section></chapter><chapter id="H6DF1E748029D4E538CCE03CE2B2F5A2B"><enum>4</enum><header>Stockpiling of
defense articles</header>
<section id="H12DD5C9F8E4B494BA382008A5C20A9EC"><enum>4241.</enum><header>General
authority</header>
<subsection id="HA19953AF39684A5B895559C6593F5E87"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The President is
authorized to set aside, reserve, or otherwise earmark defense articles in the
inventory of the Department of Defense, consistent with the provisions of this
Act, for future use by any foreign country that is a strategic United States
ally.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HCC2A2B4C1CD749D7A62BB8711A3D2AD1"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Notification</header>
<paragraph id="H906912A3C16240BA9259EB123615181F"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>Except as provided in paragraph (2), not later than 15
days before making a defense article that has been set aside, reserved, or
otherwise earmarked under the authority of this section made available to or
for use by a foreign country described in subsection (a), the President shall
transmit a notification of the proposed transfer to the appropriate
congressional committees and to the Committees on Armed Services of the House
of Representatives and the Senate. The notification shall identify the items to
be transferred and the concessions to be received.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H120F2B4270724B75A548BE0FC4167195"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Exception</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">If the President determines that an
emergency exists that requires making a defense article available to a foreign
country described in subsection (a), the President is authorized to make such
defense article available immediately upon notification to the appropriate
congressional committees. The President shall set forth the reasons for
determining that such an emergency exists that warrants the immediate use of
this authority.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H38862061170245D98677820DDDED29AC"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Rule of
construction</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">No defense
article transferred from any stockpile which is made available to or for use by
any foreign country under this section may be considered an excess defense
article for the purpose of determining the value thereof.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="HAD4CFCAE0FBA467C89B5D185F28273EF"><enum>4242.</enum><header>Value of
defense articles</header>
<subsection id="HD9645D083D1849D184E9DC22A13DE596"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The value of defense
articles to be set aside, reserved, or earmarked or intended for use under this
chapter in stockpiles located in foreign countries may not exceed $300,000,000
for a fiscal year, of which up to $200,000,000 may be made available for
stockpiles in the State of Israel.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H11256407C47647C89A1C0ECD956A4C5E"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Value
defined</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">For purposes of this
section, the term <term>value</term> means the acquisition cost plus crating,
packing, handling, and transportation costs incurred in carrying out section
4241.</text>
</subsection></section></chapter><chapter id="HAE25DF765AA447F0A1F4F92F534C5602"><enum>5</enum><header>Foreign military
financing </header>
<section id="HD37277112C914F638CD07C59C828C79D"><enum>4251.</enum><header>General
authority</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">The President is
authorized to finance the procurement of defense articles, defense services,
and design and construction services by foreign countries and international
organizations, on such terms and conditions as the President may determine
consistent with the requirements of this chapter.</text>
</section><section id="HE1B33E2414544B3C8268E3FB2232188C"><enum>4252.</enum><header>Rule of
construction</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">References in any
law to credits extended under this chapter or section 21 of the Arms Export
Control Act shall be deemed to include reference to participations in
credits.</text>
</section><section id="H77D3659A28BC4B94BA81645F25624311"><enum>4253.</enum><header>Audits</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">For each fiscal year, the Secretary of
Defense, as requested by the Director of the Defense Security Assistance
Agency, shall conduct audits on a nonreimbursable basis of private firms that
have entered into contracts with countries or organizations under which defense
articles, defense services, or design and construction services are to be
procured by such firms for such countries or organizations from financing under
this chapter.</text>
</section><section id="H861D0013FDF841168BCAF4C22F95254C"><enum>4254.</enum><header>Cash flow
financing</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">The Secretary may
approve cash flow financing for Israel and Egypt for the procurement of defense
articles, defense services, or design and construction services in excess of
$100,000,000.</text>
</section></chapter><chapter id="HC890906319A34C65A960F19099B474C1"><enum>6</enum><header>International
military education and training</header>
<section id="H5395017462A24A54A3D875E23D886E33"><enum>4261.</enum><header>Purpose</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">The purpose of this chapter is to provide
military education and training activities under this chapter that are
designed—</text>
<paragraph id="H12AB77C4368642448D60B7FCEE9E3866"><enum>(1)</enum><text>to encourage
effective and mutually beneficial relations and increased understanding between
the United States and foreign countries in furtherance of the goals of
international peace and security;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HE20F47EAD2C04E33B46E5E2BBA91FC34"><enum>(2)</enum><text>to improve the
ability of foreign countries to utilize their resources, including defense
articles and defense services obtained by such countries from the United
States, with maximum effectiveness, thereby contributing to greater
self-reliance by such countries; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H497EC5C3ECB64E869F77187A0377228E"><enum>(3)</enum><text>to increase the
awareness of nationals of foreign countries participating in such activities of
basic issues involving respect and observance of internationally recognized
human rights, the importance of civilian oversight and authority over security
and national defense forces, and of accountability of defense personnel to
civilian governments and courts.</text>
</paragraph></section><section id="H709AA49587D04D20BE5A2019D54DAF34"><enum>4262.</enum><header>Military
education and training for foreign military and defense personnel</header>
<subsection id="HBFA2277945394E71A82BEB7284CC29C1"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Authority</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The Secretary is authorized to provide, on
such terms and conditions as the Secretary may determine, military education
and training to foreign military and defense personnel.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H9C87C2BF0F9D4E8997DD4BBD506557DA"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Requirements</header><text>Professional
military education and training provided under subsection (a) shall be designed
to—</text>
<paragraph id="HCC9CD0CFC4E3400A8C51BD111EEE09C6"><enum>(1)</enum><text>contribute to
greater cooperation between the United States and the government of such
foreign military and defense personnel on United States counternarcotics,
counterterrorism, or counterproliferation efforts; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HFB8A8DB70B56492189027056CE5FFD07"><enum>(2)</enum><text>foster greater
respect for, and understanding of—</text>
<subparagraph id="H9BCDC59B4157462DB9423006CBC9E074"><enum>(A)</enum><text>democracy and the
rule of law, including the principle of civilian control of the military;
and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HC6345E492A48427986ED71D96BCA70FB"><enum>(B)</enum><text>internationally
recognized human rights.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HCE69915372034F299D32C03644FCC2BB"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Selection of
participants</header><text>The selection of foreign military and defense
personnel for training under this chapter shall be made in consultation with
the Secretary of Defense.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HEE68861FF5544A528E2F6B4048912EB1"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Foreign military
and defense personnel defined</header><text>In this section, the term
<term>foreign military and defense personnel</term> means members of the armed
forces and civilian personnel of the defense ministry of a foreign
country.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="HA67720CA8BA348E7A0B319C12A7ED6F7"><enum>4263.</enum><header>Military
education and training for foreign civilian personnel</header>
<subsection id="HF63C3721651C4C16812416D1703B46BF"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Authority</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The Secretary is authorized to provide, on
such terms and conditions as the Secretary may determine, military education
and training to foreign civilian personnel, if such military education and
training would contribute to—</text>
<paragraph id="H049186815B2843EF8AF5851DFA41C995"><enum>(1)</enum><text>civilian,
democratic control of the military;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H2A897E4B718B46DB841F5F82898219E4"><enum>(2)</enum><text>responsible
defense resource management;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H9726D7186F0E44879528282A07B7BD85"><enum>(3)</enum><text>cooperation
between military and law enforcement personnel with respect to
counternarcotics, counterterrorism, or counterproliferation activities;
or</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HC78EC8370E5441BCA6D56BC3909B8245"><enum>(4)</enum><text>improved military
justice systems and procedures in accordance with internationally recognized
human rights.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H9007B946332F451197C7AA6D2A425578"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Foreign civilian
personnel defined</header><text>In this section, the term <term>foreign
civilian personnel</term> includes legislators, representatives of civil
society, and foreign governmental personnel of ministries other than ministries
of defense.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="HEF77DF5390744BC5B83F9195CB60864E"><enum>4264.</enum><header>Locations of
instruction</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">Military education
and training activities carried out under this chapter may be provided
through—</text>
<paragraph id="H891C388F8002454491D22F19027FEF72"><enum>(1)</enum><text>attendance at
military educational and training facilities in the United States (other than
Service academies) and abroad;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HA6C0DB5EFF624D10BE99FDC2C9019A63"><enum>(2)</enum><text>attendance in
special courses of instruction at schools and institutions of learning or
research in the United States and abroad; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H227D8D64A46347238A7C669D9FD71C32"><enum>(3)</enum><text>observation and
orientation visits to military facilities and related activities in the United
States and abroad.</text>
</paragraph></section><section id="H179D965A5AE44606B72A5E50350A4141"><enum>4265.</enum><header>Reimbursement</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">The Secretary shall seek reimbursement for
military education and training provided under this chapter from countries
using assistance under section 4251 to purchase such military education and
training at a rate comparable to the rate charged to countries receiving grant
assistance for military education and training under this chapter.</text>
</section><section id="HDD011DE2979A4D13A926B365DE346E53"><enum>4266.</enum><header>Exchange of
training and related support</header>
<subsection id="H83EDC335B0844FEDB87460B939BE5E5D"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Authority</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Subject to subsection (b), the Secretary,
in consultation with the Secretary of Defense, is authorized to provide
training and related support to foreign military and defense personnel (as
defined in section 4262) and to foreign civilian personnel (as defined in
section 4263). Such training and related support shall be provided by the
Secretary of Defense and may include the provision of transportation, food
services, health services, and logistics and the use of facilities and
equipment.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H5D7A927790C04F149349682A746E191B"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Agreement or
other arrangement required</header>
<paragraph id="HB200C6E60908408E8F44D37AF156794D"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>Training and related support may be provided under this
section only pursuant to an agreement or other arrangements providing for the
provision by the country or organization, on a reciprocal basis, of comparable
training and related support to the United States.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H929B58F6A41442D99FBE1CE3BE6308DE"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Reasonable
period of time</header><text>Such reciprocal training and related support shall
be provided within a reasonable period of time (which may not be more than one
year) of the provision of training and related support by the United States
Government under this chapter.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H0A5651DF51724871BBF55649DD88FFC1"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Reimbursement
requirement</header><text>To the extent that a country or organization to which
training and related support is provided under this section does not provide
such comparable training and related support to the United States within a
reasonable period of time, the Secretary shall require a country or
organization to reimburse the United States for the full costs of the training
and related support provided by the United States.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HE70D7B27579D45F0AF79C0C0CE0E2388"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Regulations</header><text>The
President shall prescribe regulations for the provision of training and related
support under this section.</text>
</subsection></section></chapter><chapter id="H5C2186C2034D4FE1B217FD39B0D2B201"><enum>7</enum><header>Transfer of excess
defense articles</header>
<section id="HB52C1A99A2E8448188C0826C1FC0BE70"><enum>4271.</enum><header>Transfer of
excess defense articles</header>
<subsection id="H84A6DE2A461648648F483E2D480A2976"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Authority</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">To further the goals and objectives of
United States foreign policy and the goals of this Act, the Secretary is
authorized to transfer to foreign countries and international organizations
excess defense articles under this section that have been designated by the
Secretary of Defense as excess to the military needs of the United States,
except for naval vessels subject to section 4275.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HF02B07ED920F4A34B9742B6AE31FA260"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Limitations on
transfers</header><text>The Secretary may authorize the transfer of excess
defense articles under this section only if—</text>
<paragraph id="H7997A9513C514B00AD79A154BA617FB7"><enum>(1)</enum><text>such articles are
drawn from existing stocks of the Department of Defense;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H4F2899F2C0B24837B179C19FABDF2A81"><enum>(2)</enum><text>funds available to
the Department of Defense for the procurement of defense equipment are not
expended in connection with the transfer;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H3331966EC4EC4A2CA20B7812633AB403"><enum>(3)</enum><text>the transfer of
such articles will not have, in the judgment of the Secretary of Defense, an
adverse impact on the military readiness of the United States;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H3D79D7595BE34940BD75577BF2CF0FD9"><enum>(4)</enum><text>with respect to a
proposed transfer of such articles on a grant basis, such a transfer is
preferable to a transfer on a sales basis, after taking into account the
potential proceeds from, and likelihood of, such sales, and the comparative
foreign policy benefits that may accrue to the United States as the result of a
transfer on either a grant or sales basis; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H1A0FAF2B45C6444082244B0C97CB8BB4"><enum>(5)</enum><text>the transfer of
such articles will not have an adverse impact on the national technology and
industrial base and, particularly, will not reduce the opportunities of
entities in the national technology and industrial base to sell new or used
equipment to the countries to which such articles are transferred.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section id="HD8BD1F5D55354A51B0CBD240EBDC4FDB"><enum>4272.</enum><header>Terms of
transfers</header>
<subsection id="HAE55D15FE2414A6AB3AFAF3FBAD44B17"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Excess defense
articles may be transferred under section 4271 without cost to the recipient
country or international organization.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HC9F0D17C2B004297A9B26B7A77EBA30A"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Waiver of
requirement for reimbursement of department of defense expenses</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Section 11505(c) shall not apply with
respect to the transfer to foreign countries and international organizations of
excess defense articles (including transportation and related costs) under
section 4271.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H0FE02E52DBB84C58B74E0F471FB52AB9"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Transportation
and related costs</header>
<paragraph id="H1783FC5AB5E949C28D779B1A22AF0B18"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Except as provided in
paragraph (2), funds available to the Department of Defense may not be expended
for crating, packing, handling, and transportation of excess defense articles
transferred under the authority of section 4271.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H9BD180734BE74ACCA7B652A482151F5F"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Exception</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Excess defense articles may be transported
to a recipient country or international organization without charge if—</text>
<subparagraph id="H7D2752A956954EFEA6CFBECB99E4277D"><enum>(A)</enum><text>the Secretary
determines that it is in the national interest of the United States to do
so;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HDFE10C34F1464552B8B6035B84EF136C"><enum>(B)</enum><text>the total weight
of the transfer does not exceed 50,000 pounds; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HA25A31F00EBC41009FDA8B601606E4B9"><enum>(C)</enum><text>such
transportation is accomplished on a space available basis.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></subsection></section><section id="H26168BAF61D64257806524EC0FB9AD64"><enum>4273.</enum><header>Advance
notification to Congress for transfer of certain excess defense
articles</header>
<subsection id="H8B2C9A341BBB45928728228B14DDCA2C"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The Secretary may not
transfer excess defense articles that are significant military equipment (as
defined in section 4411) or excess defense articles valued (in terms of
original acquisition cost) at $10,000,000 or more, under section 4271 until 30
days after the date on which the Secretary has provided notice of the proposed
transfer to the appropriate congressional committees in accordance with
procedures applicable to reprogramming notifications under section 9401.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H5D66E352C29348679D2B053E04D76CDD"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Contents</header><text>Such
notification shall include—</text>
<paragraph id="HF0CB9D4FD43C462F84545E4A54074483"><enum>(1)</enum><text>a
statement outlining the purposes for which the article is being provided to the
country, including whether such article has been previously provided to such
country;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H5C53DFD3DC614899A729F6F70EA37565"><enum>(2)</enum><text>an assessment of
the impact of the transfer on the military readiness of the United
States;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H29E251DFC41E46D085DDD19C1AD40EFA"><enum>(3)</enum><text>an assessment of
the impact of the transfer on the national technology and industrial base and,
particularly, the impact on opportunities of entities in the national
technology and industrial base to sell new or used equipment to the countries
to which such articles are to be transferred;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H70DAB0CB7FF145B19F3D64F0FC13C6D6"><enum>(4)</enum><text>a
statement describing the current value of such article and the value of such
article at acquisition; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HC4FCE73842B7415094A0AB4A1F23447A"><enum>(5)</enum><text>an assessment, if
the article is a small arm or light weapon, of the risk that such article or
article could be illicitly transferred to terrorist or criminal persons or
groups or otherwise used for unauthorized purposes.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section id="H4475506F584241AAA706F5FC42BB02FF"><enum>4274.</enum><header>Aggregate
annual limitation</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">The
aggregate value of excess defense articles transferred to countries under
section 4271 in any fiscal year may not exceed $500,000,000.</text>
</section><section id="H87D07BA728FF435889BFCCBFD18136A7"><enum>4275.</enum><header>Restrictions
and conditions on transfers of naval vessels</header>
<subsection id="H08EBB8EE2B1C4FCE88C0E9C760EFA4E3"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">A naval vessel that
is in excess of 3,000 tons or that is less than 20 years of age may not be
disposed of to a foreign country (whether by sale, lease, grant, loan, barter,
transfer, or otherwise) unless the disposal of that vessel, or of a vessel of
the class of that vessel, is authorized by law. A lease or loan of such a
vessel under such a law may be made only in accordance with the provisions of
this title. In the case of an authorization by law for the disposal of such a
vessel that names a specific vessel as being authorized for such disposal, the
Secretary of Defense may substitute another vessel of the same class, if the
vessel substituted has virtually identical capabilities as the named
vessel.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HFABAB8855AE542F993205638E9D25DCE"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Costs of
transfers</header><text>Any expense incurred by the United States in connection
with a transfer authorized by this section shall be charged to the recipient
(notwithstanding section 4272(c)).</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H488CC22777CB41A49C0FEFDCC0F4F3F7"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Repair and
refurbishment in united states shipyards</header><text>To the maximum extent
practicable, the Secretary shall require, as a condition of the transfer of a
vessel covered by this chapter, that the recipient to which the vessel is
transferred have such repair or refurbishment of the vessel as is needed,
before the vessel joins the naval forces of the recipient, performed at a
shipyard located in the United States, including a United States Navy
shipyard.</text>
</subsection></section></chapter><chapter id="H0105CAB063A04DBA85E15381EDF41BB6"><enum>8</enum><header>Cooperative
project agreements</header>
<section id="H44E6BFA71C5D452B95DF495ADF178CCB"><enum>4281.</enum><header>Authority to
enter into cooperative project agreements</header>
<subsection id="H5DB87C8CAB1A4708BCC28264CC3642DB"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Authority</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The President is authorized to enter into a
cooperative project agreement with one or more foreign countries that is
undertaken in order to—</text>
<paragraph id="H58DC0D3758D44223837E686D46686DE2"><enum>(1)</enum><text>further the
objectives of standardization, rationalization, and interoperability of the
armed forces of the foreign country and the United States; or</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HE87DA954FDB64D41B1B8FA9E3CF372BD"><enum>(2)</enum><text>enhance an ongoing
multinational effort of the parties to the agreement to improve the
conventional defense capabilities of the parties.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H93AE7924E08D4E498375D5E554D7283C"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Matters To be
included</header>
<paragraph id="H60325902FA904939BCF12843A99745E9"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>A cooperative project agreement described in subsection
(a) shall provide that each of the parties to the agreement will contribute to
the cooperative project its equitable share of the full costs of the
cooperative project and will receive an equitable share of the results of such
cooperative project.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H73780EFAEE4C4C928D4E539BDCB90E24"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Full costs
described</header><text>The full costs of the cooperative project includes
overhead costs, administrative costs, and costs of claims.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HDA133D41E9A048BA8266D05DC3FEC662"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Contribution of
funds or defense articles and defense services</header><text>A party to the
cooperative project agreement described in subsection (a) may contribute its
equitable share of the full cost of the cooperative project in funds or in
defense articles or defense services needed for the cooperative project.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H8DAC79A42F914FC5A24150F64744D391"><enum>(4)</enum><header>Limitation on
assistance</header><text>Assistance provided under this Act to a foreign
country may not be used by the foreign country to provide its equitable share
of the full costs of the cooperative project under this section.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H0694E1CFDFBE48849CA4F0F5B91C7E5C"><enum>(5)</enum><header>Limitation on
worksharing, etc</header><text>A cooperative project agreement described in
subsection (a) may not impose a requirement on any party to the agreement for
worksharing or other industrial or commercial compensation that is not
specified in the terms of the agreement.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section id="H9C3BDE98CBD9493AB8EB67313750AD73"><enum>4282.</enum><header>Costs</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">The President may enter into contracts or
incur other obligations for a cooperative project described in section 4281 on
behalf of the other parties to the cooperative project agreement described in
section 4281, without charge to any appropriation or contract authorization, if
each of the other parties to the cooperative project agreement agrees—</text>
<paragraph id="HBCDE6DF9FF33410182C03B0787DB7E32"><enum>(1)</enum><text>to pay its
equitable share of the contract or other obligation; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H28AFE7ABDDDF4F8F8A2FBA1F5CFFE8B6"><enum>(2)</enum><text>to make such funds
available in such amounts and at such times as may be required by the contract
or other obligation and to pay any damages and costs that may accrue from the
performance of or cancellation of the contract or other obligation in advance
of the time such payments, damages, or costs are due.</text>
</paragraph></section><section id="H9401078B99664603953F5FE599BCB9D2"><enum>4283.</enum><header>Charges</header>
<subsection id="H5011831F348F41A28609A7CD31F01108"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>The President may reduce or waive the charge or charges
that would otherwise be considered appropriate under section 4314 in connection
with sales under sections 4311 and 4312 if—</text>
<paragraph id="H18C68F7C785D408D9269D20AD5A740C7"><enum>(1)</enum><text>such sales are
made as part of a cooperative project described in section 4281; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H6CE1FBFA3A5C483BBB238D790E313EA4"><enum>(2)</enum><text>the other parties
to the cooperative project agreement described in section 4281 agree to reduce
or waive corresponding charges.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H984423CB48BE4C6589FF9859820AEDB4"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Administrative
surcharges; reimbursement</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Notwithstanding sections 4314(a)(1) and
4402(b), administrative surcharges shall not be increased on other sales made
under this title in order to compensate for reductions or waivers of such
surcharges under this section. Funds received pursuant to such other sales
shall not be available to reimburse the costs incurred by the United States
Government for which reduction or waiver is approved by the President under
this section.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="H3FBD478919D349D1A6C74696B3816528"><enum>4284.</enum><header>Certification</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">Not less than 30 days before a cooperative
project agreement described in section 4281 is signed on behalf of the United
States, the President shall transmit to the appropriate congressional
committees and the Committee on Armed Services of the House of Representatives
and the Committee on Armed Services of the Senate, a numbered certification
with respect to such proposed agreement, setting forth—</text>
<paragraph id="H284DF040AC2946C9A0F5225C309DF66F"><enum>(1)</enum><text>a
detailed description of the cooperative project with respect to which the
certification is made;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H1FE1C6901E534810A6A57983070511BB"><enum>(2)</enum><text>an estimate of the
quantity of the defense articles expected to be produced in furtherance of such
cooperative project;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H92C8D2EEC34C4752B5DDB937236C69DE"><enum>(3)</enum><text>an estimate of the
full cost of the cooperative project, with an estimate of the part of the full
cost to be incurred by the United States Government, including an estimate of
the costs as a result of waivers of sections 4314(a)(1) and 4402(b), for its
participation in such cooperative project and an estimate of that part of the
full costs to be incurred by the other participants;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H6475B66445534EB197BA296B98123510"><enum>(4)</enum><text>an estimate of the
dollar value of the funds to be contributed by the United States and each of
the other participants on behalf of such cooperative project;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HFDDE30AA783F4A26B3CAE201930AD91E"><enum>(5)</enum><text>a
description of the defense articles and defense services expected to be
contributed by the United States and each of the other participants on behalf
of such cooperative project;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HDBF637F1A38F4129861F9989B2003D65"><enum>(6)</enum><text>a
statement of the foreign policy and national security benefits anticipated to
be derived from such cooperative project; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HBE1CF902310D4FC5B7A02C098808FB93"><enum>(7)</enum><text>to the extent
known, whether it is likely that prime contracts will be awarded to particular
prime contractors or that subcontracts will be awarded to particular
subcontractors to comply with the proposed agreement.</text>
</paragraph></section><section id="H2FB92A683D0C4C9E95CC27821CF36CFE"><enum>4285.</enum><header>Authority in
addition to other authorities</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">The authority under this chapter is in
addition to the authority under sections 4311 and 4312 and under any other
provision of law.</text>
</section></chapter></subtitle><subtitle id="H7973982B45D843E489600972425BC9D4"><enum>C</enum><header>Arms sales and
related assistance</header>
<section id="H8DE3093C52A94F118A89CA14C56C6899"><enum>4301.</enum><header>Control of
arms exports and imports</header>
<subsection id="H11CB3A8318A44216A630B6FC0331DD77"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The President is
authorized to control the import and the export of defense articles and defense
services and to provide foreign policy guidance to persons of the United States
involved in the export and import of such articles and services.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HAC085602843448E4A93C332F1B46C33E"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Composition of
United States munitions list</header>
<paragraph display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HC2EF02FECCC04E80958CBCB73A6DED86"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>The President is authorized to designate those items that
shall be considered as defense articles and defense services for the purposes
of this section and to promulgate regulations for the import and export of such
articles and services. The items so designated shall constitute the United
States Munitions List.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H8F58F6AFF18046348BDA384FC79E4151"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Factors</header><text>The
President shall designate a defense article or defense service if it—</text>
<subparagraph id="H9B2E8DCEB4404D5DA702319D17B885A7"><enum>(A)</enum><text>provides a
critical military or intelligence advantage to the United States; or</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H3FF0B6585FBF4BB9B1432D4AF55A3071"><enum>(B)</enum><text>would provide a
military or intelligence advantage to countries other than the United States or
to non-state actors to the detriment of the national security of United States
friends and allies, or to the achievement of the foreign policy and national
security objectives of the United States.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H6CF5F4A0306046BCA0D931B8004BFF19"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Purposes for
which United States military sales are authorized</header><text>Defense
articles and defense services shall be sold or leased by the United States
Government under this title to countries solely to meet the goals of assistance
under section 4003.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HD6B0C8E458314B1188A3EE82AC802D66"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Factors</header><text>Decisions
on issuing export licenses under this section shall ensure that the export of a
defense article or defense service—</text>
<paragraph id="HB2FD9802E08C4D7E91496C5830832272"><enum>(1)</enum><text>is justified in
terms of its military utility related to the actual security threat by the
recipient country; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HD574427D5D334BA28D9B4EDDE3B055CF"><enum>(2)</enum><text>will not—</text>
<subparagraph id="HAD3E2B8299704D4DB2AC5C712B8AEA21"><enum>(A)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">contribute to an arms race or regional
instability;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HCAC908D6A7E64237B08B9DE84D8F65F2"><enum>(B)</enum><text>aid in the
development of weapons of mass destruction;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HC4E1FC2E15B54EDF8A6DA0D0B3C93FDF"><enum>(C)</enum><text>support domestic
or international terrorism;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H89D57466A537412F8AC451409D8CFFF1"><enum>(D)</enum><text>increase the
possibility of outbreak or escalation of conflict, either within or across the
borders of the recipient country;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HE6BC3CF7F2AA4226807E1305C2E3BEDF"><enum>(E)</enum><text>prejudice the
development of bilateral or multilateral arms control arrangements;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HC8C7FDAB394748ADABF4F40C724D71A1"><enum>(F)</enum><text>adversely affect
the arms control or nonproliferation policy of the United States;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H0164B053E4434E41B40F90D92D17FF1C"><enum>(G)</enum><text>conflict with any
international agreements, treaties or arrangements to which the United States
is a party or adherent;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H97F8F9B9D8AF4FDBAF60C5381ADF9B56"><enum>(H)</enum><text>support
blackmarket or greymarket trade in arms, either those transferred or obsolete
arms to be replaced by the arms sale; or</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H0CDD6B7923BC4038A94E3111CF25C693"><enum>(I)</enum><text>undermine the
objectives and purposes to promote and protect human rights and democracy under
title III.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H8250B217BB5A484EBD42CB54ACD714E9"><enum>(e)</enum><header>Sale
requirement</header><text>In exercising the authorities conferred by this
section, the President may require that any defense article or defense service
be sold under this title as a condition of its eligibility for export, and may
require that persons engaged in the negotiation for the export of defense
articles and defense services keep the President fully and currently informed
of the progress and future prospects of such negotiations.</text>
</subsection></section><chapter id="H6350D551197245B5AA9CA045899FAA2C"><enum>1</enum><header>Foreign military
sales and cooperation</header>
<section id="H1F5D156705A24276B5BDE005A4B0C316"><enum>4311.</enum><header>General
authority</header>
<subsection id="HB6EFDED99D4A4CB58E6EE2D7F0103748"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Sales from
defense articles and defense services</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The President may sell defense articles and
defense services from the stocks of the Department of Defense and the Coast
Guard, or design and construction services, to a foreign country or
international organization if the country or international organization agrees
to pay in United States dollars—</text>
<paragraph id="HE700ACB19CDD422580523845291BEE56"><enum>(1)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">in the case of a defense article not
intended to be replaced at the time such agreement is entered into, not less
than the actual value thereof;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HA8A8BF628ADC49A9A177E3A439939D7D"><enum>(2)</enum><text>in the case of a
defense article intended to be replaced at the time such agreement is entered
into, the estimated cost of replacement of such article, including the contract
or production costs less any depreciation in the value of such article;
or</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H7757B81CB7934ABD833C60B118356C82"><enum>(3)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">in the case of a defense service (other
than training covered in subsection (b)), or design and construction services,
the full cost to the United States Government of providing such service.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H41A90BB8D32C481CAC0D83960461D6DD"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Training</header>
<paragraph id="HA137F608A2A5439D950C5315FDFCDB84"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>In the case of training sold to a foreign country or
international organization that is concurrently receiving international
military education and training assistance under this title, the country or
international organization agrees to pay in United States dollars only those
additional costs that are incurred by the United States Government in providing
such assistance.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H287E011E2B614F96B058154365DB41DB"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Other
countries</header><text>The President may provide training to a foreign country
not receiving assistance under chapter 6 of subtitle B if the President
determines and so notifies the appropriate congressional committees in each
fiscal year for which such training is to be provided that providing such
training to the country is in the national interest of the United States and
the reasons for such determination.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section id="H37A44E2B287F44F080E67261953C6264"><enum>4312.</enum><header>Procurement
for foreign military cash sales</header>
<subsection id="H56216282FC7B434881926FF55DDE7CBC"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header>
<paragraph id="H7E42494F25ED43A3A8B550C0A21D4CD5"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Contracts</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Except as otherwise provided in this
section, the President may, without requirement for charge to any appropriation
or contract authorization otherwise provided, enter into contracts for the
procurement of defense articles or defense services or design and construction
services for sale for United States dollars to any foreign country or
international organization if such country or international organization
provides the United States Government with a dependable undertaking—</text>
<subparagraph id="HD699B538F72948EBA5DC8BDDC0888C5B"><enum>(A)</enum><text>to pay the full
amount of such contract which will assure the United States Government against
any loss on the contract; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H2BBB0B739B4D46DDB8AD18CD8A24F142"><enum>(B)</enum><text>to make funds
available in such amounts and at such times as may be required to meet the
payments required by the contract and any damages and costs that may accrue
from the cancellation of such contract, in advance of the time such payments,
damages, or costs are due.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H962486646EF54046BB6D081E3D116142"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Interest</header><text>Interest
shall be charged on any net amount by which any such country or international
organization is in arrears under all of its outstanding unliquidated dependable
undertakings, considered collectively. The rate of interest charged shall be a
rate not less than a rate determined by the Secretary of the Treasury taking
into consideration the current average market yield on outstanding short-term
obligations of the United States as of the last day of the month preceding the
net arrearage and shall be computed from the date of net arrearage.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HA3F263799757459B8CD49E2C838276E0"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Letters of
offer</header>
<paragraph id="H71E0B8BFA9C54C7AB8F1056FD6891D89"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>The President may, if the President determines it to be
in the national interest of the United States, issue letters of offer under
this section that provide for billing upon delivery of the defense article or
rendering of the defense service and for payment within 120 days after the date
of billing.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HB4DF01CB8E474666B9DBD088E2F33786"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Requirement</header><text>The
authority of paragraph (1) may be exercised only if the President determines
that the emergency requirements of the purchaser for acquisition of such
defense articles and defense services exceed the ready availability to the
purchaser of funds sufficient to make payments on a dependable undertaking
basis and submits both determinations to Congress together with a special
emergency request for authorization and appropriation of additional funds to
finance such purchases under this Act.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H3DC0774EAC6D4203B4531BF743223C5A"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Appropriations</header><text>Appropriations
available to the Department of Defense may be used to meet the payments
required by the contracts for the procurement of defense articles and defense
services and shall be reimbursed by the amounts subsequently received from the
country or international organization to whom articles or services are
sold.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H1ECD9DD847C94DB2BDACB359ABA50501"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Renegotiation
Act of 1951</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The provisions of
the Renegotiation Act of 1951 do not apply to procurement contracts entered
into under this section or predecessor provisions of law before, on, or after
the date of the enactment of this Act.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H24B767E654A7453B96EC391A7EC20B5C"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Competitive
pricing</header>
<paragraph id="HBCCE04B880DA440B8F1B04CEEEEDE55A"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Procurement
contracts</header><text>Procurement contracts made in implementation of sales
under this section for defense articles and defense services wholly paid for
from funds made available on a nonrepayable basis shall be priced on the same
costing basis with regard to profit, overhead, independent research and
development, bid and proposal, and other costing elements, as is applicable to
procurements of like items purchased by the Department of Defense for its own
use.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H664F38A9A01F4C9AB481ACC5378751F8"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Direct
costs</header><text>Direct costs associated with meeting additional or unique
requirements of the purchaser shall be allowable under contracts described in
paragraph (1). Loadings applicable to such direct costs shall be permitted at
the same rates applicable to procurement of like items purchased by the
Department of Defense for its own use.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section id="H9EE81F93BD174A1A9045734D478228C8"><enum>4313.</enum><header>Payments</header>
<subsection id="H8484873198C24553AD63294F80A0C446"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Except as provided in
subsection (b), payment for defense articles or defense services under this
chapter shall be made in advance or, if the President determines it to be in
the national interest of the United States, upon delivery of the defense
article or rendering of the defense service.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H4BA393501E4A41569A451993B11DC2DF"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Exception</header><text>If
the President determines it to be in the national interest of the United States
pursuant to subsection (a), billings for sales made under letters of offer
issued under this section after the date of the enactment of this subsection
may be dated and issued upon delivery of the defense article or rendering of
the defense service and shall be due and payable upon receipt thereof by the
purchasing country or international organization.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HE962F8D12F604A8BBEF6C96733CE0FA9"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Interest</header>
<paragraph id="H5D2CF09B63344ECDABCFDB487A91365A"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>Interest shall be charged on any net amount due and
payable which is not paid within 60 days after the date of such billing. The
rate of interest charged shall be a rate not less than a rate determined by the
Secretary of the Treasury taking into consideration the current average market
yield on outstanding short-term obligations of the United States as of the last
day of the month preceding the billing and shall be computed from the date of
billing.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H5A57EFA6809449FBB3FE2D85BA0E2ED0"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Extension</header><text>The
President may extend such 60-day period to 120 days if the President determines
that emergency requirements of the purchaser for acquisition of such defense
articles or defense services exceed the ready availability to the purchaser of
funds sufficient to pay the United States in full for such articles or services
within such 60-day period and submits that determination to the Congress
together with a special emergency request for the authorization and
appropriation of additional funds to finance such purchases under this
Act.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section id="HAFE1018C68A24829BA0D70E325F4E474"><enum>4314.</enum><header>Charges</header>
<subsection id="H2533BAF97FEB498DB57D8EB83329C657"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Letters of offer for
the sale of defense articles or defense services that are issued pursuant to
section 4311 or 4312 shall include appropriate charges for—</text>
<paragraph id="H62E07548BBA0456CA2F79199D480F27F"><enum>(1)</enum><text>administrative
services, calculated on an average percentage basis to recover the full
estimated costs (excluding a pro rata share of fixed base operations costs) of
administration of sales made under this Act to all purchasers of such articles
and services as specified in section 4402(b) and (c);</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H8584FEAEBD7E4E5AA405D8C3437CE290"><enum>(2)</enum><text>a
proportionate amount of any nonrecurring costs of research, development, and
production of major defense equipment (except for equipment wholly paid for
either from funds transferred under section 4211(b)(3) or from funds made
available on a nonrepayable basis under section 4251; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H3F796B1062A24EEB84BAAAABE299D242"><enum>(3)</enum><text>the recovery of
ordinary inventory losses associated with the sale from stock of defense
articles that are being stored at the expense of the purchaser of such
articles.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H178D07B8C2FD44E5B3FFDF085DBE634E"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Waiver</header>
<paragraph id="HEA70A86176D64371B598F9BCFACCDCD9"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Administrative
charges</header><text>The President may waive the charges for administrative
services that would otherwise be required by—</text>
<subparagraph id="HDE25780E49584F02BC02B8326CFEC092"><enum>(A)</enum><text>subsection (a)(1)
in connection with any sale to a foreign country, if the President determines
that a waiver—</text>
<clause id="HF11F4EF7867B4BD39DE8EC08533B8ACC"><enum>(i)</enum><text>is
in the national security interests of the United States; and</text>
</clause><clause id="HDC440CFAE4FD4869B67EAA11080E714D"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>will facilitate
the ability of that country to detect, deter, prevent, defeat, or counter
terrorist activities, or participate in, or support, military operations,
coalition operations, or stability operations of the United States; or</text>
</clause></subparagraph><subparagraph id="H0A8F66ED162940729B17CC960D833ABE"><enum>(B)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">subsection (a)(2) in connection with any
sale to the Maintenance and Supply Agency of the North Atlantic Treaty
Organization in support of—</text>
<clause id="H947D08E201B041318F6DD0CFEFD7DB10"><enum>(i)</enum><text>a
weapon system partnership agreement; or</text>
</clause><clause id="H6BC0B78E8BDD447281DE5A4E9327803B"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>a
NATO/SHAPE project.</text>
</clause></subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="H35F5906713694C278A1A0ED72FEAC043"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Major defense
equipment</header><text>The President may reduce or waive the charge or charges
that would otherwise be considered appropriate under subsection (a)(2) for a
particular sale or for sales if the President determines that—</text>
<subparagraph commented="no" id="H5B9D84222C8D459B8B008DA7F38F1492"><enum>(A)</enum><text>the reduction or
waiver would significantly advance United States Government interests in
standardization with the armed forces of a foreign country that is a strategic
United States ally, or would promote foreign procurement in the United States
under coproduction arrangements;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" id="H2B82B05B01D4435FAC93A930F0C0B4EB"><enum>(B)</enum><text>imposition of the
charge or charges likely would result in the loss of the sale; or</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" id="H9A0DD1B358874D12AC1AB7A07DB57608"><enum>(C)</enum><text>in the case of a
sale of major defense equipment that is also being procured for the use of the
United States Armed Forces, the waiver of the charge or charges would (through
a resulting increase in the total quantity of the equipment purchased from the
source of the equipment that causes a reduction in the unit cost of the
equipment) result in a savings to the United States on the cost of the
equipment procured for the use of the United States Armed Forces that
substantially offsets the revenue foregone by reason of the waiver of the
charge or charges.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="HA26D0C9AD3CE44A1A9547A05C944987D"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Increase in
charges</header><text>The President may waive, for particular sales of major
defense equipment, any increase in a charge or charges previously considered
appropriate under paragraph (2) of subsection (a) if the increase results from
a correction of an estimate (reasonable when made) of the production quantity
base that was used for calculating the charge or charges for purposes of such
paragraph.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section id="H096672477BDB4939BA9E6A6E4E2285F0"><enum>4315.</enum><header>Non-combat
duties of United States personnel supporting foreign military sales</header>
<subsection id="HAA3AC456243F4493AD5FFB5877F18156"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">United States
personnel performing defense services sold under this title may not perform any
duties of a combatant nature, including any duties related to training and
advising that may engage United States personnel in combat activities, outside
the United States in connection with the performance of those defense
services.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H6C4B6762F1F5444B90DBAC78F79EFE92"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Report</header><text>Within
48 hours of the existence of, or a change in status of significant hostilities
or terrorist acts or a series of such acts, that may endanger lives or property
of United States personnel, involving a country in which United States
personnel are performing defense services pursuant to this title, the President
shall submit to the Speaker of the House of Representatives and to the
President pro tempore of the Senate a report, in writing, classified if
necessary, setting forth—</text>
<paragraph id="HABDD6CDF4367475E96DB8F68563BB218"><enum>(1)</enum><text>the identity of
such country;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H8C99743DDBDE4D848A27A95669D757C2"><enum>(2)</enum><text>a
description of such hostilities or terrorist acts; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H8FE65227C5804365BEDF6C707302832A"><enum>(3)</enum><text>the number of
members of the United States Armed Forces and the number of United States
civilian personnel that may be endangered by such hostilities or terrorist
acts.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section id="H3F09811755A340D6BDD8605F80424772"><enum>4316.</enum><header>Public
information</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">Any contract
entered into between the United States and a foreign country under the
authority of section 4311 or section 4312 shall be prepared in a manner that
will permit the contract to be made available for public inspection to the
fullest extent possible consistent with the national security of the United
States. Such information shall be posted on the Internet website of the
Department of State in a timely fashion.</text>
</section><section id="HE837F02256124C11A880046CB39E2F2B"><enum>4317.</enum><header>Standardization
agreements</header>
<subsection id="H16622FA8E78D4BF38D402F73A68B25F1"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The President may
enter into North Atlantic Treaty Organization standardization agreements in
carrying out section 814 of the Department of Defense Appropriation
Authorization Act, 1976 (Public Law 94–106), and may enter into similar
agreements with a country that is a strategic United States ally, for the
cooperative furnishing of training on a bilateral or multilateral basis, if the
financial principles of such agreements are based on reciprocity.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HC09A327D730A43D8932B7CE149662049"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Reimbursement</header><text>Each
agreement shall include reimbursement for all direct costs but may exclude
reimbursement for indirect costs, administrative surcharges, and costs of
billeting of trainees (except to the extent that members of the United States
Armed Forces occupying comparable accommodations are charged for such
accommodations by the United States).</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H11B58F0E8DC54F409AC6F61C0555F02A"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Congressional
notification</header><text>Each agreement shall be transmitted promptly
to—</text>
<paragraph id="H84755C53ED9843FBA4EADAA5516DF03E"><enum>(1)</enum><text>the appropriate
congressional committees; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H0F5206F2439A407BA1643B23C854DC80"><enum>(2)</enum><text>the Committees on
Appropriations and the Committees on Armed Services of the House of
Representatives and the Senate.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section id="HF9638FAE189A4F9994098CFB51FCB867"><enum>4318.</enum><header>Quality
assurance and related services</header>
<subsection id="HF7984DFC9151414DA68A131B7359A5A8"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The President is
authorized to provide, without charge, quality assurance, inspection, contract
administration services, and contract audit defense services under this
chapter—</text>
<paragraph id="HCFFB6CF8ACCB42709F69AF3A91642D9E"><enum>(1)</enum><text>in connection with
the placement or administration of any contract or subcontract for defense
articles, defense services, or design and construction services entered into
under this Act on behalf of, a government that is a strategic United States
ally, if such government provides such services in accordance with an agreement
on a reciprocal basis, without charge, to the United States Government;
or</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H906ECEF2D0F940CCA41D3B756B35A7B4"><enum>(2)</enum><text>in connection with
the placement or administration of any contract or subcontract for defense
articles, defense services, or design and construction services pursuant to the
North Atlantic Treaty Organization’s Security Investment program in accordance
with an agreement under which the foreign governments participating in such
program provide such services, without charge, in connection with similar
contracts or subcontracts.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H024B15361ABE482288D10FAB21ECD854"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Cataloging data
and cataloging services</header><text>In carrying out the objectives of this
section, the President is authorized to provide, without charge, cataloging
data and cataloging services to the North Atlantic Treaty Organization or to
any strategic United States ally if that Organization or ally provides such
data and services in accordance with an agreement on a reciprocal basis,
without charge, to the United States Government.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="H628834DC2EC14B19B53E859E245EC85B"><enum>4319.</enum><header>Restriction on
sale of defense articles and defense services that would adversely affect
United States combat readiness</header>
<subsection id="H4A7426C67BEB483B8C9AEE3B4E7B068F"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Restriction</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The President may not sell defense articles
and defense services if the sale of such articles or services would have
significant adverse effect on the combat readiness of the United States Armed
Forces.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HED57E82963DE4DB9B3C64079777B6193"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Waiver and
congressional notification</header>
<paragraph id="H370D22CD6DFC4714A9FACCB361774E10"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The President may
waive the restriction in subsection (a) if the President determines that the
possible significant adverse effect on the combat readiness of the United
States Armed Forces is outweighed by the benefits to United States national
security and transmits such determination to the appropriate congressional
committees and to the Committees on Armed Services of the House of the
Representatives and the Senate.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HF8651FCCDB5D4ECDA2D2132C4AAF7D24"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Statement</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Each such determination shall be
accompanied with a statement that shall include the following
information:</text>
<subparagraph id="H83AFB9E295144DF6B75C713EA97E753B"><enum>(A)</enum><text>The country or
international organization to which the sale is proposed to be made.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H7D6AC3A46557417C950F84EA4750EDF9"><enum>(B)</enum><text>The amount of the
proposed sale.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H72059F68EE5C4C17B6EA212DEBD1AFE3"><enum>(C)</enum><text>A description of
the defense article or service proposed to be sold.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HDF5CF9E395634FA29D14FFC6773BEAFF"><enum>(D)</enum><text>A full description
of the impact which the proposed sale will have on the United States Armed
Forces.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H6E208E195DB94701A9BADDFA9D37FF94"><enum>(E)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">A justification for such proposed sale,
including an explanation as to why, in the President’s judgment, benefits to
United States national security from the sale outweighs the adverse impact on
the readiness of the United States Armed Forces.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></subsection></section><section id="H58CA525C5B4C46068F35BB060F870B9E"><enum>4320.</enum><header>Acquisition of
foreign-United States origin defense articles</header>
<subsection id="H338B00B113D34526ADD3F7F2AB99C657"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The President may
acquire a repairable defense article from a foreign country or international
organization if such defense article—</text>
<paragraph id="H2E3D0AC50F6547879BB6556501A48AA8"><enum>(1)</enum><text>previously was
transferred to such country or organization under this Act or predecessor Act
(as in effect on the day before the date of the enactment of this Act);</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H61BBF070572242C9BD2A229FCA4BBB66"><enum>(2)</enum><text>is not an end
item; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H4B232590836842A9806F9C0358B2C295"><enum>(3)</enum><text>will be exchanged
for a defense article of the same type that is in the stocks of the Department
of Defense.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H3DF22AADBC994EF79EE2773EFB577F3B"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Limitation</header><text>The
President may exercise the authority provided in subsection (a) only to the
extent that the Department of Defense—</text>
<paragraph id="HD1F6B9B028AE453EBBE328E80139181C"><enum>(1)</enum><subparagraph commented="no" display-inline="yes-display-inline" id="HF6BE088D782247C9836EC2CC6FA91FF6"><enum>(A)</enum><text>has a requirement for
the defense article being returned; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H847A88B7142547CBB6EB94FAAA069844" indent="up1"><enum>(B)</enum><text>has available sufficient funds
authorized and appropriated for such purpose; or</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H26ED78B8C69046D7B398DFB1079F969A"><enum>(2)</enum><subparagraph commented="no" display-inline="yes-display-inline" id="HB93F09714497494D86BD4508BC9730BA"><enum>(A)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">is accepting the return of the defense
article for subsequent transfer to another foreign government or international
organization pursuant to a letter of offer and acceptance implemented in
accordance with this Act or predecessor Act (as in effect on the day before the
date of the enactment of this Act); and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H4301D7A8E9A8441B8F886B0B98FAEEE6" indent="up1"><enum>(B)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">has available sufficient funds provided by
or on behalf of such other foreign government or international organization
pursuant to a letter of offer and acceptance implemented in accordance with
this Act or predecessor Act (as in effect on the day before the date of the
enactment of this Act).</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HFE362C805CBB451DBA6602C86363673B"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Requirement</header>
<paragraph id="H74BE6338D3BC455BB3C64E68FA1B21E6"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>The foreign government or international organization
receiving a new or repaired defense article in exchange for a repairable
defense article pursuant to subsection (a) shall, upon the acceptance by the
United States Government of the repairable defense article being returned, be
charged the total cost associated with the repair and replacement
transaction.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H7B4BBD468C924771A3F46B7A23A0D390"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Cost</header><text>The
total cost charged pursuant to paragraph (1) shall be the same as that charged
the United States Armed Forces for a similar repair and replacement
transaction, plus an administrative surcharge in accordance with section
4314(a)(1).</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HA35C9B13173D413686F57DE893EFFFAB"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Relationship to
certain other provisions of law</header><text>The authority of the President to
accept the return of a repairable defense article as provided in subsection (a)
shall not be subject to chapter 137 of title 10, United States Code, or any
other provision of law relating to the conclusion of contracts.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="HF53729261746475E801F12CFFC45C584"><enum>4321.</enum><header>Return of
defense articles</header>
<subsection id="HE08F9446982A49CAB8D6F29A25F68EC9"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The President may
accept the return of a defense article from a foreign country or international
organization if such defense article—</text>
<paragraph id="HDFF161DE557141D89B8BD2EF6CCEFB70"><enum>(1)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">previously was transferred to such country
or organization under this Act or predecessor Act (as in effect on the day
before the date of the enactment of this Act);</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H6E67368873A6464BAE08D977793B1162"><enum>(2)</enum><text>is not significant
military equipment (as defined in section 4411); and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H5B7C2FF286E24E809EBF6177787DDF6C"><enum>(3)</enum><text>is in fully
functioning condition without need of repair or rehabilitation.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H13C2C623C01241A6A35DF0B3A80C6A6A"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Limitation</header><text>The
President may exercise the authority provided in subsection (a) only to the
extent that the Department of Defense—</text>
<paragraph id="HA2A32EDEA3EE4392850CC68EE99EE298"><enum>(1)</enum><subparagraph commented="no" display-inline="yes-display-inline" id="HC19DAD13797B44F4AE3783DC6CAD5C6D"><enum>(A)</enum><text>has a requirement for
the defense article being returned; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HD5EA3EF0C4CA4968A3ADE141ED137297" indent="up1"><enum>(B)</enum><text>has available sufficient funds
authorized and appropriated for such purpose; or</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H9EE0D48FCD1148879386A557D1029510"><enum>(2)</enum><subparagraph commented="no" display-inline="yes-display-inline" id="HF9AF9CA97F944A1C831147457D967EBE"><enum>(A)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">is accepting the return of the defense
article for subsequent transfer to another foreign government or international
organization pursuant to a letter of offer and acceptance implemented in
accordance with this Act or predecessor Act (as in effect on the day before the
date of the enactment of this Act); and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H3B07B77323184B098828BDAF7D85C6AC" indent="up1"><enum>(B)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">has available sufficient funds provided by
or on behalf of such other foreign government or international organization
pursuant to a letter of offer and acceptance implemented in accordance with
this Act or predecessor Act (as in effect on the day before the date of the
enactment of this Act).</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H0DBED0E2DC1E45B7866620BD963DBB21"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Credit for
transaction</header><text>Upon acquisition and acceptance by the United States
Government of a defense article under subsection (a), the appropriate Foreign
Military Sales account of the provider shall be credited to reflect the
transaction.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HB7860149387D4D44A2B62B3D439A8D5F"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Relationship to
certain other provisions of law</header><text>The authority of the President to
accept the return of a defense article as provided in subsection (a) shall not
be subject to chapter 137 of title 10, United States Code, or any other
provision of law relating to the conclusion of contracts.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="H71BD5053934C4FA2A0804CCDE2DA390A"><enum>4322.</enum><header>Sale of
obsolete naval vessels</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">For
purposes of section 4311(a), the actual value of a naval vessel of 3,000 tons
or less and 20 years or more of age shall be considered to be not less than the
greater of the scrap value or fair value (including conversion costs) of such
vessel, as determined by the Secretary of Defense.</text>
</section><section display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HA2A348BFD7EC47368E517A662AA1E71F"><enum>4323.</enum><header>Annual
estimate and justification for sales program</header>
<subsection id="H7E2C6B41BC6444E289724FC7C0483FCC"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Report</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Except as provided in subsection (d), not
later than February 1 of each year, the President shall transmit to the
appropriate congressional committees, as a part of the annual presentation
materials for security assistance programs proposed for the next fiscal year, a
report which sets forth—</text>
<paragraph id="H5C01374230CC457FA5E5C63F0498493B"><enum>(1)</enum><text>an Arms Sales
Proposal covering all sales and licensed commercial exports under this title of
major weapons or weapons-related defense equipment for $7,000,000 or more, or
of any other weapons or weapons-related defense equipment for $25,000,000 or
more, which are considered eligible for approval during the current calendar
year and are deemed most likely actually to result in the issuance of a letter
of offer or of an export license during such year;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HAAC8FB07C90C439097D487945A7473CC"><enum>(2)</enum><text>an estimate of the
total amount of sales and licensed commercial exports expected to be made to
each foreign country from the United States;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H54CF953DEEFB40D388E4F7CADB94527A"><enum>(3)</enum><text>the United States
national security considerations involved in expected sales or licensed
commercial exports to each country, an analysis of the relationship between
anticipated sales to each country and arms control efforts concerning such
country and an analysis of the impact of such anticipated sales on the
stability of the region that includes such country;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H9F0307BC8705424B8DE61161E9F77981"><enum>(4)</enum><text>an estimate with
regard to the international volume of arms traffic to and from countries
purchasing arms as set forth in paragraphs (1) and (2), together with best
estimates of the sale and delivery of weapons and weapons-related defense
equipment by all major arms suppliers to all major recipient countries during
the preceding calendar year;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H83FD57A29A6040689C8DF4A4313D78AC"><enum>(5)</enum><subparagraph commented="no" display-inline="yes-display-inline" id="HB58799D4C3584230A14093B74E8B5F69"><enum>(A)</enum><text>an estimate of the
aggregate dollar value and quantity of defense articles and defense services,
military education and training, grant military assistance, and credits and
guarantees, to be furnished by the United States to each foreign country and
international organization in the next fiscal year; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HE9CEDB95E3104657B6A5CB84DD24D896" indent="up1"><enum>(B)</enum><text>for each country that is proposed to
be furnished credits or guaranties under this Act in the next fiscal year and
that has been approved for cash flow financing in excess of $100,000,000 as of
October 1 of the current fiscal year—</text>
<clause id="H3C116A13F378489AAE799B21AC5E4E4F"><enum>(i)</enum><text>the amount of such approved cash
flow financing;</text>
</clause><clause id="H07A4775E580B4DDB84AB099251D0B4DF"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>a description of administrative
ceilings and controls applied, and</text>
</clause><clause id="HD8AA9CD0225D44A4AF03884301475E43"><enum>(iii)</enum><text>a description of the financial
resources otherwise available to such country to pay such approved cash flow
financing;</text>
</clause></subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="HF3522E849A7E4C86892C84FA5A1AC538"><enum>(6)</enum><text>an analysis and
description of the services performed during the preceding fiscal year by
officers and employees of the United States Government carrying out functions
on a full-time basis under this Act for which reimbursement is provided under
section 4402(b) or section 4311(a), including the number of personnel involved
in performing such services;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H0B36E5FE26B14BCEB1FE2B8D8E8C62A2"><enum>(7)</enum><text>the status
of—</text>
<subparagraph id="H451E42EC20214A87921D0738C3AB29EC"><enum>(A)</enum><text>each loan and each
contract of guaranty or insurance theretofore made under this title,
predecessor Acts, or any Act authorizing international security assistance,
with respect to which there remains outstanding any unpaid obligation or
potential liability; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H689BD0D4B598478AA8785733C725A0BE"><enum>(B)</enum><text>each extension of
credit for the procurement of defense articles or defense services, and of each
contract of guaranty in connection with any such procurement, theretofore made
under this title or predecessor Acts with respect to which there remains
outstanding any unpaid obligation or potential liability;</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="HCBD053F6CD594D5CABE6227CD5BFE580"><enum>(8)</enum><subparagraph commented="no" display-inline="yes-display-inline" id="H93FEC493732E4BEC8487708461BCD313"><enum>(A)</enum><text>a detailed accounting of
all articles, services, credits, guarantees, or any other form of assistance
furnished by the United States to each country and international organization,
including payments to the United Nations, during the preceding fiscal year for
the detection and clearance of landmines, including activities relating to the
furnishing of education, training, and technical assistance for the detection
and clearance of landmines; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HEB8320EF34124B5285229D7B0031251D" indent="up1"><enum>(B)</enum><text>for each provision of law making funds
available or authorizing appropriations for demining activities described in
subparagraph (A), an analysis and description of the objectives and activities
undertaken during the preceding fiscal year, including the number of personnel
involved in performing such activities;</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H981654BF1A00486A8EC6B20D7C658C25"><enum>(9)</enum><text>a
list of weapons systems that are significant military equipment, and numbers
thereof, that are believed likely to become available for transfer as excess
defense articles during the next 12 months; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HB3C15D1914714CF0ABA178A7C8F44DF2"><enum>(10)</enum><text>such other
information as the President may deem necessary.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H8FC6CD0919284C55A2E77473C5BEA06B"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Additional
information</header><text>Not later than 30 days following the receipt of a
request made by any of the appropriate congressional committees for additional
information with respect to any information submitted pursuant to subsection
(a), the President shall submit such information to such committees.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H0B479055A3F24C15BB80E23372B965CE"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Form</header><text>The
President shall make every effort to submit all of the information required by
subsection (a) or (b) wholly in unclassified form. Whenever the President
submits any such information in classified form, the President shall submit
such classified information in an addendum and shall also submit simultaneously
a detailed summary, in unclassified form, of such classified
information.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HBF4A7E0FE5D046F191C32E749958A463"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Additional
requirement</header><text>The information required by subsection (a)(4) of this
section shall be transmitted to Congress not later than April 1 of each
year.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="HDEF65BF937B44137AA9CA8AE19A4CC7B"><enum>4324.</enum><header>Sales to
United States companies for incorporation into end items</header>
<subsection id="HAC2D0C34FF55436F8CA8FCA5E4EC1F4B"><enum>(a)</enum><header>General
authority</header>
<paragraph id="H33842A6F6CDE40BAB0CE9715F969BA2D"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>Subject to the conditions specified in subsection (b),
the President may, on a negotiated contract basis, under cash terms—</text>
<subparagraph id="HF480931A3B4F452DA9679D1C1D53EE82"><enum>(A)</enum><text>sell defense
articles at not less than their estimated replacement cost (or actual cost in
the case of services); or</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HDAB91F5F0F354BBFA6280B1E4DC9FC0E"><enum>(B)</enum><text>procure or
manufacture and sell defense articles at not less than their contract or
manufacturing cost to the United States Government, to any United States
company for incorporation into end items (and for concurrent or follow-on
support) to be sold by such a company either—</text>
<clause id="HB022CF55475042FCB52B41851E94CECB"><enum>(i)</enum><text>on a
direct commercial basis to a foreign country or international organization
pursuant to an export license or approval under section 4301; or</text>
</clause><clause id="H30675BC0FB144F1D8F0B2DFBC185F899"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>in
the case of ammunition parts subject to subsection (b), using commercial
practices which restrict actual delivery directly to a foreign country or
international organization pursuant to approval under section 4301.</text>
</clause></subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H87F75248F75F4C8A8FD4BFC9ACBD5E18"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Additional
authority</header><text>The President may also sell defense services in support
of such sales of defense articles, subject to the requirements of this chapter.
Such services may be performed only in the United States. The amount of
reimbursement received from such sales shall be credited to the current
applicable appropriation, fund, or account of the selling agency of the United
States Government.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H2A6F43D8CEF948D09CFB8E5F40E16773"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Additional
requirements</header><text>Defense articles and defense services may be sold,
procured and sold, or manufactured and sold, pursuant to subsection (a) only
if—</text>
<paragraph id="H2A557BBBEC3C469FAB8F27F6BB77441D"><enum>(1)</enum><text>the end item to
which the articles apply is to be procured for the armed forces of a country or
international organization;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H827DE0AAC4E24B669A4DC9774C367976"><enum>(2)</enum><text>the articles would
be supplied to the prime contractor as government-furnished equipment or
materials if the end item were being procured for the use of the United States
Armed Forces; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HAEEB4F48010A45079D095A06C063B2D7"><enum>(3)</enum><text>the articles and
services are available only from United States Government sources or are not
available to the prime contractor directly from United States commercial
sources at such times as may be required to meet the prime contractor’s
delivery schedule.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section id="H64AF7D64B09246E3ACD849684000DDD2"><enum>4325.</enum><header>Fiscal
provisions relating to foreign military sales credits</header>
<subsection id="HA48C87EA05FC47A98720E2FBF5CE0104"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Cash payments
received under sections 4311 and funds received under section 4324 shall be
available solely for payments to suppliers (including the military departments)
and refunds to purchasers and shall not be available for financing
credits.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H0B6B8039CC924E72BB195A957E7A7FBF"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Repayments for
credits, disposition of certain instruments, and other
collections</header><text>Amounts received from foreign governments and
international organizations as repayments for any credits extended pursuant to
section 4251, and other collections (including fees and interest) shall be
transferred to the miscellaneous receipts of the United States Treasury.</text>
</subsection></section></chapter><chapter id="H5A43883F557C47E4A3CAF68C01E46F8F"><enum>2</enum><header>Arms export
controls</header>
<section id="H014D4F6113E44387AFF705873F977E4E"><enum>4331.</enum><header>Licensing
requirement for exporting or importing defense articles and defense
services</header>
<subsection id="H7E3B4709C24A4AAF9DFCAC56C88B95F1"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Except as otherwise
specifically provided in regulations issued under section 4301, defense
articles, defense services, and design and construction services designated by
the President under section 4301 may only be licensed for export or import in
accordance with this title and regulations issued under this title.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H3B137E5F478A4372946DB219286E60EE"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Exceptions</header><text>No
license may be required for exports or imports made by or for a Federal
agency—</text>
<paragraph id="H8D66008B01BB4733BD3E6526B746A19C"><enum>(1)</enum><text>for official use
by personnel of a Federal agency; or</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H56670DB9593B4A2890E1670871728972"><enum>(2)</enum><text>for carrying out
any foreign assistance or sales program authorized by law and subject to the
control of the President by other means.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section id="HEB1204E523A54CD389776F3662A1719B"><enum>4332.</enum><header>Impact of
military expenditures on development</header>
<subsection id="H2163C1EAF11A41A8B23B9405D056D16E"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Review</header><text>The
Secretary shall conduct a review of the military expenditures of developing
countries to—</text>
<paragraph id="H3A6F5DE0BFEA4F83ABD07C7C861670D7"><enum>(1)</enum><text>identify those
countries which the Secretary has credible evidence to believe—</text>
<subparagraph id="H166FEE65F43A44298AEDB61A8E439254"><enum>(A)</enum><text>are diverting
official development assistance from any source to military purposes;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HF0B07FE8C673478B96A156C422B9DD36"><enum>(B)</enum><text>are devoting
budgetary resources to arms purchases to a degree that materially interferes
with the development of such countries; or</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HDCC8AC3D961B4160BE78D98FFF568074"><enum>(C)</enum><text>are accumulating
unsustainable levels of debt to finance arms purchases;</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H62DAD246C9F44758AA7C11FB9D9A54BE"><enum>(2)</enum><text>take such action
as the Secretary deems appropriate, including cessation of United States arms
sales and working with other countries to do likewise, to reduce the impact of
the military activities of the countries identified under paragraph (1) and
acquisition of arms on the economic and political development of such
countries.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HC16B8E5D57AA468CBDB4F43A834B293D"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Timing of Review
and Report to Congress</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The
Secretary shall complete the first review required under subsection (a) and
submit to the appropriate congressional committees not later than one year
after the enactment of this Act a report on all elements of subsection (a),
including the actions the Secretary will take under subsection (a)(2), and the
results of any such actions taken since the submission of the prior report to
such committees. Subsequent reviews shall be conducted on a quadrennial basis,
and reported to the appropriate congressional committees on the quadrennial
anniversary of the first report.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="H20019160A0F04A03ABF0F6BEBB6653E1"><enum>4333.</enum><header>Requirement
for registration by exporters</header>
<subsection id="HAF25287E01C348EDB759C4EB151DB2FD"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">As prescribed in
regulations issued under section 4301, every person (other than an officer or
employee of the United States Government acting in an official capacity) who
engages in the business of manufacturing, exporting, or importing defense
articles or defense services designated by the President under section 4301
shall register with the Department of State, and shall pay a registration fee
which shall be prescribed by such regulations.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HA8606516276C4D258AFBD7CFBEBA19B7"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Prohibition</header>
<paragraph id="H80E7CCD3DD7D4AF08107AE1E7B2BE109"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>Such regulations shall prohibit the return to the United
States for sale in the United States (other than for the United States Armed
Forces or its allies or for any State for local law enforcement agency) of any
military firearms or ammunition of United States manufacture furnished to
foreign governments by the United States under this Act, or predecessor Act, or
any other foreign assistance or sales program of the United States, whether or
not enhanced in value or improved in condition in a foreign country.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H183589AEEB4E4CE0B119DB7172DC7480"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Exception</header><text>The
prohibition in paragraph (1) shall not extend to similar firearms that have
been so substantially transformed as to become, in effect, articles of foreign
manufacture.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section id="H7049C09F5FAB499AA6C90A8CA663FC02"><enum>4334.</enum><header>Identification
of all consignees and freight forwarders</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">The President shall require that each
applicant for a license to export an item on the United States Munitions List
identify in the application all consignees and freight forwarders involved in
the proposed export.</text>
</section><section id="HBD8C1AFA39CF4560A7D345893EE1A173"><enum>4335.</enum><header>Brokering
activities</header>
<subsection id="H877E6306750E41358F7726BCA2C72BE1"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">As prescribed in
regulations issued under this section, every person (other than an officer or
employee of the United States Government acting in an official capacity) who
engages in the business of brokering activities with respect to the
manufacture, export, import, or transfer of any defense article or defense
service designated by the President under section 4301, or in the business of
brokering activities with respect to the manufacture, export, import, or
transfer of any foreign defense article or defense service (as defined in
subsection (c)), shall register with the United States Government agency
charged with the administration of this section, and shall pay a registration
fee which shall be prescribed by such regulations.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H97571B9E78F6408093B9B9FCE9E489AD"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Brokering
activities described</header><text>Such brokering activities shall include the
financing, transportation, freight forwarding, or taking of any other action
that facilitates the sale, manufacture, export, or import of a defense article
or defense service.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HAD09A4E87C7248FA8A18DD1F527EC90F"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Licensing
requirement</header><text>No person may engage in the business of brokering
activities described in subsection (a) without a license, issued in accordance
with this title, except that no license shall be required for such activities
undertaken by or for a Federal agency—</text>
<paragraph id="H7EEEF67476464245BF19905F90B68649"><enum>(1)</enum><text>for use by a
Federal agency; or</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H89A1167EA8EA4A13BF443E0C3DA005DD"><enum>(2)</enum><text>for carrying out
any foreign assistance or sales program authorized by law and subject to the
control of the President by other means.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H6CACEB8136F5432B8776733BEFD630DD"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Review of
registration</header><text>A copy of each registration made under this section
shall be transmitted to the Secretary of the Treasury for review regarding law
enforcement concerns. The Secretary shall report to the President regarding
such concerns as necessary.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="H40A57F9D229A4E94BF746498F696AD7A"><enum>4336.</enum><header>Foreign
persons</header>
<subsection id="H443746CEFB7C442F992BFBD0EB288419"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">A license to export
an item on the United States Munitions List may not be issued to a foreign
person (other than a foreign government or international organization).</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H4DF4348D919540FEAA8A9E72748F9A4D"><enum>(b)</enum><header>License
requirement</header><text>The President may require a license or other form of
authorization before any item on the United States Munitions List is sold or
otherwise transferred to the control or possession of a foreign person or a
person acting on behalf of a foreign person.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="H16CF5AE90DAC4921BCE8FD42A01C0EE1"><enum>4337.</enum><header>Review of
United States Munitions List</header>
<subsection id="HFA8C9062D6004B2DA998D6F124AD8A71"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The President shall
periodically review the items on the United States Munitions List to determine
what items, if any, no longer warrant export controls under this title. The
results of such reviews shall be reported to the appropriate congressional
committees.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HDFBD98A1854041FFB702E245F896B2A1"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Congressional
notification and review</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The
President may not remove any item from the United States Munitions List until
45 days after the date on which the President has provided notice of the
proposed removal to the appropriate congressional committees in accordance with
the procedures applicable to reprogramming notifications under section 9401,
consistent with subsection (c) of this section. Such notice shall describe the
nature of any controls to be imposed on that item under any other provision of
law, and should provide a description of the item to be removed such that the
appropriate congressional committees can fully assess the capabilities of the
item and the potential impact on United States national security and foreign
policy from its removal from the Munitions List. If the President proposes to
remove classes or categories of items from the United States Munitions List,
without enumerating individual items, then the President shall provide the
appropriate congressional committees with a listing of items approved for
export during the previous five years that would no longer be required for
licenses under this title by virtue of being removed from the Munitions
List.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H9E3D60B3E9DF4E8D93A26C3A4EE3F7E1"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Congressional
Disapproval</header><text>The President may not remove any item from the United
States Munitions List if, during the 45 days required under subsection (b),
Congress enacts a joint resolution of disapproval of the removal of such item,
according to the procedures under section 4384(c) for consideration of a joint
resolution.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="H0CD6436D35044302843B256FCAC31E59"><enum>4338.</enum><header>Licensing of
missiles and missile equipment or technology</header>
<subsection id="H41194B1D28EA4E2E9784A9DDC6618644"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Establishment of
List of Controlled Items</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The
Secretary, in consultation with the Secretary of Defense and the heads of other
appropriate Federal agencies, shall establish and maintain, as part of the
United States Munitions List, a list of all items on the MTCR Annex the export
of which is not controlled under section 6(l) of the Export Administration Act
of 1979 (as continued in effect under the International Emergency Economic
Powers Act) or similar provisions of any successor Act.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H8F965777F49B401980BCE3E3228F06E5"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Referral of
license applications</header>
<paragraph id="H472945378E3E4197BD3555A6D185CF16"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>A determination of the Secretary to approve a license for
the export of an item on the list established under subsection (a) may be made
only after the license application is referred to the Secretary of
Defense.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HCEF3159065514F13B52C3E93E5559061"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Referral</header><text>Within
10 days after a license is issued for the export of an item on the list
established under subsection (a), the Secretary shall provide to the Secretary
of Defense and the Secretary of Commerce the license application and
accompanying documents issued to the applicant, to the extent that the relevant
Secretary indicates the need to receive such application and documents.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HC63C939C001E4411929325447F0A89FE"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Information
sharing</header><text>The Secretary shall establish a procedure for sharing
information with appropriate officials of the intelligence community, as
determined by the Director of National Intelligence, and with other appropriate
Federal agencies, that will ensure effective monitoring of transfers of MTCR
equipment or technology and other missile technology.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HF14926FA0D2A436FA8DBC18F59A06F1C"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Exports to space
launch vehicle programs</header>
<paragraph id="HFB5DBE42AF514E4097F03DA1AACC4E6A"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>Within 15 days after the issuance of a license (including
any brokering license) for the export of items valued at less than $50,000,000
that are controlled under this Act pursuant to United States obligations under
the MTCR and are goods or services that are intended to support the design,
utilization, development, or production of a space launch vehicle system listed
in Category I of the MTCR Annex, the Secretary shall transmit to Congress a
report describing the licensed export and rationale for approving such export,
including the consistency of such export with United States missile
nonproliferation policy.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H5EC92EA40A4D44ABB78A9F014AFC2C01"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Applicability</header><text>The
requirement contained in paragraph (1) shall not apply to licenses for exports
to countries that are members of the MTCR as of as of the date of the enactment
of this Act.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section id="HC6EB2230D6504FCAA0AB928088551ED2"><enum>4339.</enum><header>Special
licensing authorization for certain exports to strategic United States
allies</header>
<subsection id="HEBB820F8E74F4DD6BCC45EA1A0CD718A"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Authorization</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The President may provide for special
licensing authorization for exports of United States-manufactured spare and
replacement parts or components listed in an application for such special
licensing authorization in connection with defense items previously exported to
a strategic United States ally. A special licensing authorization issued
pursuant to this subsection shall be effective for a period not to exceed 5
years.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HF90DC8FD3EDB4F239D0124B01E523520"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Certification</header><text>An
authorization may be issued under subsection (a) only if the applicable
government of the country described in subsection (a), acting through the
applicant for the authorization, certifies that—</text>
<paragraph id="H706E448C931742EBBA3314E2EC10A5F7"><enum>(1)</enum><text>the export of
spare and replacement parts or components supports a defense item previously
lawfully exported;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H6D2C7AD55E5A4D9F9F057A7522030DAA"><enum>(2)</enum><text>the spare and
replacement parts or components will be transferred to a defense agency of the
country that is a previously approved end-user of the defense item and not to a
distributor or a foreign consignee of the defense item;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H02422BD59A884F34B0080DFB157190B8"><enum>(3)</enum><text>the spare and
replacement parts or components will not to be used to materially enhance,
optimize, or otherwise modify or upgrade the capability of the defense
item;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HBBC331A57E0F408AB1F80C5BA87B2E3A"><enum>(4)</enum><text>the spare and
replacement parts or components relate to a defense item that is owned,
operated, and in the inventory of the armed forces of the country;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="H32D280EBB1DD416E81560F71EC4B6470"><enum>(5)</enum><text>the export of
spare and replacement parts or components will be effected using the freight
forwarder designated by the purchasing country’s diplomatic mission as
responsible for handling transfers as required under regulations; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H2FB95E8FD97E4D058096026FCDF9C32C"><enum>(6)</enum><text>the spare and
replacement parts or components to be exported under the special licensing
authorization are specifically identified in the application.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H03B37815F8EE4D6FBFA5D2090FEF0477"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Limitation</header><text>An
authorization may not be issued under subsection (a) for purposes of
establishing offshore procurement arrangements or producing defense articles
offshore.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H26DC89F83D8249128C43889144A2E78B"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Definition</header>
<paragraph id="H9907136A6BCF4CD187F116E79932AA19"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>In this section, the term <term>United
States-manufactured spare and replacement parts or components</term> or
<term>spare and replacement parts or components</term> means spare and
replacement parts or components—</text>
<subparagraph id="HD640FA3965D64411B2449C881AC45A30"><enum>(A)</enum><text>with respect to
which—</text>
<clause id="HDDA6DCC070C740A89560AFE8B46001A5"><enum>(i)</enum><text>United
States-origin content costs constitute at least 85 percent of the total content
costs;</text>
</clause><clause id="H69F79D26C81545D99846EEBA6EAB4CF7"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>United States
manufacturing costs constitute at least 85 percent of the total manufacturing
costs; and</text>
</clause><clause id="H7E35C0A7A8D24D8BAA567E86E897F8BA"><enum>(iii)</enum><text>foreign content,
if any, is limited to content from countries eligible to receive exports of
items on the United States Munitions List (other than de minimis foreign
content);</text>
</clause></subparagraph><subparagraph id="H318FEC83B15847EDAFB9D145A5377ABD"><enum>(B)</enum><text>that were last
substantially transformed in the United States; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HDF676A155767432992260CEA5B216418"><enum>(C)</enum><text>that are
not—</text>
<clause id="H52B7B56F1B0D4108A745C55FCCC2A7F0"><enum>(i)</enum><text>classified as
significant military equipment; or</text>
</clause><clause id="H1B642E762A2546E78EE82485A3076627"><enum>(ii)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">listed on the MTCR Annex.</text>
</clause></subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="HC34C3FF8E4B440DB9E85BA12C6528B8A"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Additional
rule</header><text>For purposes of paragraph (1)(A)(i) and (ii), the costs of
non-United States-origin content and the costs of non-United States
manufacturing shall be determined using the final price or final cost
associated with the non-United States-origin content and non-United States
manufacturing.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H98204E3DC75341ED8B3FDC479FF2B67F"><enum>(e)</enum><header>Inapplicability
provisions</header>
<paragraph id="H5C61BED19C364A0CA6A1258AFA36BF33"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>The provisions of this section shall not apply with
respect to re-exports or re-transfers of spare and replacement parts or
components and related services of defense items described in subsection
(a).</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H86F7D14A31AE4F788E5EE526F78BF108"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Congressional
notification</header><text>The congressional notification requirements
contained in this title shall not apply with respect to an authorization issued
under subsection (a).</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section></chapter><chapter id="H22EB5DB4474842EFBB3A34E13BEE951B"><enum>3</enum><header>Leases of defense
articles</header>
<section id="H8317D2D489AA4BE8A4080ACA657C6525"><enum>4351.</enum><header>Leasing
authority</header>
<subsection id="H20FC1EA992E944EF8580169ED1BDAE35"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The President may
lease defense articles in the stocks of the Department of Defense to a foreign
country or international organization if—</text>
<paragraph id="HD66D27DC44E049339B17113CC6DC7AC9"><enum>(1)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">the President determines that there are
compelling foreign policy and national security reasons for providing such
articles on a lease basis rather than on a sales basis under this
subtitle;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H88A7F6E7E4404DA6802A61F8F20ACF79"><enum>(2)</enum><text>the President
determines that the articles are not for the time needed for public use;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HD9B7E43E3DAF41E7A9573164CA1A46B3"><enum>(3)</enum><text>the President
first considers the effects of the lease of the articles on the national
technology and industrial base, particularly the extent, if any, to which the
lease reduces the opportunities of entities in the national technology and
industrial base to sell new equipment to the country or countries to which the
articles are leased; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HB65C7E64194E46B0847B7E2403DB0CBB"><enum>(4)</enum><text>the country or
international organization has agreed to pay in United States dollars all costs
incurred by the United States Government in leasing such articles, including
reimbursement for depreciation of such articles while leased, the costs of
restoration or replacement if the articles are damaged while leased, and, if
the articles are lost or destroyed while leased—</text>
<subparagraph id="H4C21F233BE1847E1BF9A2915F34D71AB"><enum>(A)</enum><text>in the event the
United States intends to replace the articles lost or destroyed, the
replacement cost (less any depreciation in the value) of the articles;
or</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H798A7E5100764E3D84312DE3263015DD"><enum>(B)</enum><text>in the event the
United States does not intend to replace the articles lost or destroyed, an
amount not less than the actual value (less any depreciation in the value)
specified in the lease agreement.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HE4113318157E4EED902A2C601E04CBC0"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Exceptions</header>
<paragraph id="H448798DE8E6849F68263BC5AC90BD8D5"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>The requirement of subsection (a)(4) shall not apply to
leases entered into for purposes of cooperative research or development,
military exercises, or communications or electronics interface projects.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HFF8BC0FE51AF43989F439B21B0A5E61B"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Waivers</header><text>The
President may waive the requirement of subsection (a)(4)—</text>
<subparagraph id="HABB6C0C52CE04E7C898BCFDF21CCB3EC"><enum>(A)</enum><text>for reimbursement
of depreciation for any defense article which has passed three-quarters of its
normal service life if the President determines that to do so is important to
the national security interest of the United States;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H83E4CC03B1EA4AF5917A7342EC05F11B"><enum>(B)</enum><text>with respect to a
lease which is made in exchange with the lessee for a lease on substantially
reciprocal terms of defense articles for the Department of Defense, except that
this waiver authority—</text>
<clause id="H0E4CFF223AD0423DA78C48F4A2953E43"><enum>(i)</enum><text>may
be exercised only if the President submits to the appropriate congressional
committees, and in addition the Committees on Appropriations of the House of
Representatives and the Senate, a detailed notification for each lease with
respect to which the authority is exercised; and</text>
</clause><clause id="HC594991E4D31438CB2A32B5514569C3F"><enum>(ii)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">may be exercised only—</text>
<subclause id="H2AA06309CEE94130A7647D15443BAE69"><enum>(I)</enum><text>on a fiscal year
basis; and</text>
</subclause><subclause id="HDA7CCE8C55EA4AD4B7A89ADEC88EC4D9"><enum>(II)</enum><text>with respect to
one country or international organization for each lease.</text>
</subclause></clause></subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H23E7BDB4D92243DF944F30B63F8ADA61"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Rule of
construction</header><text>Paragraph (2) does not constitute authorization of
appropriations for payments by the United States for leased articles.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HDE1FC31C099E45468BE63BD32E7322EC"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Duration</header>
<paragraph id="H1A804B0FD179438A9F7831B456407FC3"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>Each lease agreement under this section shall be for a
fixed duration which may not exceed—</text>
<subparagraph id="H62193753B57F4FA7AEB703858E9CC28E"><enum>(A)</enum><text>5 years;
and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H165C2A70BB5640C9B0236E0E2F0A0FE2"><enum>(B)</enum><text>a specified period
of time required to complete major refurbishment work of the leased articles to
be performed prior to the delivery of the leased articles, of not to exceed 5
years.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H3B8D9187A2534824AF6640BEBD234A9C"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Termination</header><text>Each
lease agreement under this section shall provide that, at any time during the
duration of the lease, the President may terminate the lease and require the
immediate return of the leased articles.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H24A243C4C65E4149AB41A291FBDF9053"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Definition</header><text>In
this subsection, the term <term>major refurbishment work</term> means work for
which the period of performance is 6 months or more.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H5C6C860A757747CDA611583F995FCD18"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Limitation</header><text>Defense
articles in the stocks of the Department of Defense may be leased or loaned to
a foreign country or international organization only under the authority of
this chapter or chapter 3 of subtitle B, and may not be leased to a foreign
country or international organization under the authority of section 2667 of
title 10, United States Code.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="HAA36523060E44EF99D2F10295A642642"><enum>4352.</enum><header>Certification
for leasing</header>
<subsection id="H1C33FA81F8FC445CA9AC561B8F4B75D1"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Before entering into
or renewing any agreement with a foreign country or international organization
to lease any defense article under this chapter, or to loan any defense article
this title for a period of 1 year or longer, the President shall transmit to
the appropriate congressional committees and the Committees on Armed Services
of the House of Representatives and the Senate, a written certification which
specifies—</text>
<paragraph id="H65A6C3C7FE19435F945ACD084F2666D0"><enum>(1)</enum><text>the country or
international organization to which the article is to be leased or
loaned;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HE3926D214935485CA549DACA971675C5"><enum>(2)</enum><text>the type,
quantity, and value (in terms of replacement cost) of the article to be leased
or loaned;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H9286FAF4CF474F4FA843608552466AC8"><enum>(3)</enum><text>the terms and
duration of the lease or loan; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H3488F3BA0C624856A2621C3D23EF1C96"><enum>(4)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">a justification for the lease or loan,
including an explanation of why the article is being leased rather than sold
under this subtitle.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H526C6B02FA204152878F926223429D73"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Waiver</header>
<paragraph id="H65A9EE4E472E4C9CA186ECD2EFFE72F5"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The President may
waive the requirements of this section (and in the case of an agreement
described in section 4353, may waive the provisions of that section) if the
President states in the certification required by subsection (a) that an
emergency exists which requires that it is in the national security interests
of the United States to enter into the lease or loan immediately.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H702F284195324AE99CFEAF38864A8E2E"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Justification</header><text>If
the President states in the certification that such an emergency exists, the
President shall set forth in the certification a detailed justification for the
President’s determination, including a description of the emergency
circumstances that necessitate that the lease be entered into immediately and a
discussion of the national security interests involved.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H69A50F1A29014BB9B7D8189842829382"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Deadline</header><text>The
certification required by subsection (a) shall be transmitted—</text>
<paragraph id="HAF68247647044202A5AD14F1927F29DF"><enum>(1)</enum><text>not less than 15
calendar days before the agreement is entered into or renewed in the case of an
agreement with a strategic United States ally; or</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H2EB48A2F2B55467FB3E6C7371C1ACC4B"><enum>(2)</enum><text>not less than 30
calendar days before the agreement is entered into or renewed in the case of an
agreement with any other country or organization.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section id="HB8D20D4CA2C64632A20C4BD7023EE4D4"><enum>4353.</enum><header>Congressional
review and disapproval</header>
<subsection id="H1F5330335DA2431890E79139099BE158"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Congressional
review and disapproval</header>
<paragraph id="H6C445C14631E470DB340FDD836496EB9"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>Subject to paragraph (2), in the case of any agreement
involving the lease or loan under this title, to any foreign country or
international organization for a period of 1 year or longer of any defense
articles that are either—</text>
<subparagraph id="H6EF4988514334E36872A416D9298A286"><enum>(A)</enum><text>major defense
equipment valued (in terms of its replacement cost less any depreciation in its
value) at $14,000,000 or more, or</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H166F2DDD33E744A09F080AE3FB6CDB5A"><enum>(B)</enum><text>defense articles
valued (in terms of their replacement cost less any depreciation in their
value) at $50,000,000 or more,</text>
</subparagraph><continuation-text continuation-text-level="paragraph">the
agreement may not be entered into or renewed if Congress, within the 15-day or
30-day period specified in section 4384(a)(1) or (2), as the case may be,
enacts a joint resolution prohibiting the proposed lease or loan.</continuation-text></paragraph><paragraph id="HE5E806BB2A554139B12CBD0D30CA60FB"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Certain
agreements</header><text>In the case of an agreement described in paragraph (1)
that is entered into with a strategic United States ally, the limitations in
paragraph (1) shall apply only if the agreement involves a lease or loan
of—</text>
<subparagraph id="H35DCD16D061247E98CF67843282AC194"><enum>(A)</enum><text>major defense
equipment valued (in terms of its replacement cost less any depreciation in its
value) at $25,000,000 or more; or</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H173E9792234E4E13B1C5F7EB7C82F5DF"><enum>(B)</enum><text>defense articles
valued (in terms of their replacement cost less any depreciation in their
value) at $100,000,000 or more.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HEFE1020B29D84F428DCBEBCFC7FB8DE0"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Senate
procedures</header><text>Any joint resolution under subsection (a) shall be
considered in the Senate in accordance with the provisions of section 601(b) of
the International Security Assistance and Arms Export Control Act of
1976.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HF3D460FAFEE04FE69E7438CB4F3C1D3F"><enum>(c)</enum><header>House
procedures</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">For the purpose of
expediting the consideration and enactment of joint resolutions under
subsection (a), a motion to proceed to the consideration of any such resolution
after it has been reported by the appropriate committee shall be treated as
highly privileged in the House of Representatives.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="H539B5AB0143E4D7A9321C6A86E8FBED9"><enum>4354.</enum><header>Application of
other provisions of law</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">Any
reference to sales of defense articles under this subtitle in any provision of
law restricting the countries or organizations to which such sales may be made
shall be deemed to include a reference to leases of defense articles under this
chapter.</text>
</section><section id="HBD29A97A7C7D437088B967D53200B885"><enum>4355.</enum><header>Loan of
materials, supplies, and equipment for research and development
purposes</header>
<subsection id="HC85EC045E81B4B009A490B2C3FBD1798"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Authority To
loan</header>
<paragraph id="H1A2EE4F28E884486BA5A79F7F28BFFCD"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>Except as provided in subsection (c), the Secretary of
Defense, with the concurrence of the Secretary, may loan to a country that is a
strategic United States ally or a major United States ally materials, supplies,
or equipment for the purpose of carrying out a program of cooperative research,
development, testing, or evaluation. The Secretary of Defense may accept as a
loan or a gift from a country that is a strategic United States ally or a major
United States ally materials, supplies, or equipment for such purpose.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HFE1A748D95B64961AB78E3AC0A1F2448"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Agreement</header><text>Each
loan or gift transaction entered into by the Secretary of Defense under this
section shall be provided for under the terms of a written agreement between
the Secretary of Defense and the country concerned.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H12C54A0D71B34C11B3167600AACC1F89"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Testing or
evaluation</header><text>A program of testing or evaluation for which the
Secretary of Defense may loan materials, supplies, or equipment under this
section includes a program of testing or evaluation conducted solely for the
purpose of standardization, interchangeability, or technical evaluation if the
country to which the materials, supplies, or equipment are loaned agrees to
provide the results of the testing or evaluation to the United States without
charge.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HCFB32DC8CD8D40FF8AED75050CB1AD06"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Materials,
supplies, or equipment</header><text>The materials, supplies, or equipment
loaned to a country under this section may be expended or otherwise consumed in
connection with any testing or evaluation program without a requirement for
reimbursement of the United States if the Secretary of Defense—</text>
<paragraph id="HDBC4A7A70F4342B29BD2D5D46888B3E3"><enum>(1)</enum><text>determines that
the success of the research, development, test, or evaluation depends upon
expending or otherwise consuming the materials, supplies, or equipment loaned
to the country; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H261E8C5D8EB94CBAAC736A4A24059E3B"><enum>(2)</enum><text>approves of the
expenditure or consumption of such materials, supplies, or equipment.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H6A5D60014B1547D19561E18DE50F0C96"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Strategic and
critical materials</header><text>The Secretary of Defense may not loan to a
country under this section any material if the material is a strategic and
critical material and if, at the time the loan is to be made, the quantity of
the material in the National Defense Stockpile (provided for under section 3 of
the Strategic and Critical Materials Stock Piling Act (50 U.S.C. 98b)) is less
than the quantity of such material to be stockpiled, as determined by the
President under section 3(a) of such Act.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="H70878B29E0854AAC810EBD238C7A1BCC"><enum>4356.</enum><header>Special
leasing authority</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">The
authority of section 4251 may be used to provide financing to Israel and Egypt
for the procurement by leasing (including leasing with an option to purchase)
of defense articles from United States commercial suppliers, other than major
defense equipment (other than helicopters and other types of aircraft having
possible civilian application), if the President determines that there are
compelling foreign policy or national security reasons for the articles to be
provided by commercial lease rather than by government-to-government sale under
this subtitle.</text>
</section></chapter><chapter id="HC94B0D9568D14899B2442CFCC769B268"><enum>4</enum><header>Retransfers of
United States defense articles</header>
<section id="HAE8A2D446B2444FFB2424027FF0737F8"><enum>4361.</enum><header>Authority to
approve retransfers</header>
<subsection id="H2D5285B127F4438CBE0D6BFBFAA595D8"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Subject to subsection
(b), the Secretary is authorized, consistent with the provisions of this
chapter, to approve a retransfer of any defense article or defense service
transferred to a foreign country pursuant to the authority of this Act to
another country.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H214CD7F3C46E4AD68F18DFCC4F255EC1"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Additional
requirement</header><text>The Secretary may not give consent to a retransfer of
a defense article or defense service to a foreign country under subsection (a)
if the United States is prohibited from transferring the defense article or
defense service to the country, or would not license the export of such defense
article or defense service to such country.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="H20E780F9B4D4465F87D9CFC842C9852D"><enum>4362.</enum><header>Demilitarization
for retransfer of significant defense articles</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">The Secretary may not give consent to the
retransfer of any significant defense articles on the United States Munitions
List or successor list for controlling the export of United States munitions
and related items, unless the foreign country requesting consent to
retransfer—</text>
<paragraph id="H1E11B192D0634994A6B6DA1776C2291F"><enum>(1)</enum><text>agrees to
demilitarize the defense articles prior to transfer; or</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H5F9E876A81474C15A8EA254E48A54FDA"><enum>(2)</enum><text>commits in writing
to the United States Government that it will not transfer the defense articles
if not demilitarized to any other foreign country or person without first
obtaining the consent of the Secretary.</text>
</paragraph></section><section id="H9E5774AEE40F40FEAFCC88881E9ACE17"><enum>4363.</enum><header>Proceeds of
sale of retransferred defense articles</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">The Secretary may not provide any defense
article to a foreign country or international organization on a grant basis
unless the country or organization has agreed that in disposing or transferring
the defense article—</text>
<paragraph id="H19167B31E84E419789631106F6AE0333"><enum>(1)</enum><text>the disposition or
transfer will be made on a sales basis; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HA684AC2B47BF40058792A2BE8DDF094D"><enum>(2)</enum><text>the net proceeds
of the sale will be provided to the United States Government.</text>
</paragraph></section><section commented="no" id="H7CB34A50B21E4B559F08821E612448F4"><enum>4364.</enum><header>Certification</header>
<subsection commented="no" id="H889D789AE8F949B8B0ACC3C44BAEB176"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The Secretary may not
give consent to a retransfer of a defense article or defense service that would
be, if it were a sale, subject to the requirements of section 4382 (regarding
congressional certification of sensitive foreign military sales and
agreements), unless the Secretary submits to the appropriate congressional
committees a written certification with respect to such proposed retransfer
containing—</text>
<paragraph commented="no" id="H64D6B9631B52430A9EB04019CA350F27"><enum>(1)</enum><text>the name of the
country or organization proposing to make such retransfer;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="H41468601A6AF4AFE8D3022BC0C372C4B"><enum>(2)</enum><text>a description of
such article or service proposed to be retransferred, including its acquisition
cost;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="H97EEA6981CA64BA2B6E261B9A46F245E"><enum>(3)</enum><text>the name of the
proposed recipient of such article or service;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="HA722496CE3A0435D891FB8D27CD61F27"><enum>(4)</enum><text>the reasons for
such proposed retransfer; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="H1991CCC408364B25A6D43523020B473D"><enum>(5)</enum><text>the date on which
such retransfer is proposed to be made.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection commented="no" id="H6905A31151D541F58EB19721A3E688C2"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Form</header><text>Any
certification submitted to the appropriate congressional committees pursuant to
paragraph (1)—</text>
<paragraph commented="no" id="H7B9DDF315FBF45E9B4D350AC341E23BF"><enum>(1)</enum><text>shall be submitted
in unclassified form, except that information regarding the dollar value and
number of defense articles or defense services proposed to be retransferred may
be submitted in classified form if public disclosure thereof would be clearly
detrimental to the security of the United States; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="HAB09745D7B6449DDB2D908152D867A83"><enum>(2)</enum><text>shall be subject
to the requirements of sections 4384.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection commented="no" id="H682F6935C3684C99BD7EFFBCACF202A2"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Exception</header><text>Paragraph
(1) shall not apply to an export that has been exempted from the licensing
requirements of this title pursuant to an agreement pursuant to section
4341.</text>
</subsection></section></chapter><chapter id="H11A1BFCEB5254999A9124076DF81A172"><enum>5</enum><header>Enforcement and
monitoring of arms sales</header>
<section id="HFA5A078FE4374ED193A7A6AE11553244"><enum>4371.</enum><header>General
authority</header>
<subsection id="H97A0357C11C047F681732F77C5C87FFF"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Except as provided in
subsection (b), in carrying out functions under this Act with respect to the
export of defense articles and defense services, the President is authorized to
exercise the same powers concerning violations and enforcement that are
conferred upon departments, agencies and officials by subsections (c), (d),
(e), and (g) of section 11 of the Export Administration Act of 1979 and by
subsections (a) and (c) of section 12 of such Act (as continued in effect under
the International Emergency Economic Powers Act), subject to the same terms and
conditions as are applicable to such powers under such Act.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H5941D5E5C63F4E8AA325859BD47EC0A3"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Exception</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Section 11(c)(2)(B) of the Export
Administration Act of 1979 (as continued in effect under the International
Emergency Economic Powers Act) shall not apply, and instead, as prescribed in
regulations issued under this section, the Secretary may assess civil penalties
for violations of this Act and regulations prescribed thereunder and further
may commence a civil action to recover such civil penalties, and except further
that the names of the countries and the types and quantities of defense
articles for which licenses are issued under this section shall not be withheld
from public disclosure unless the President determines that the release of such
information would be contrary to the national interest.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H45B6FD47BBE34A47BAA0F65F06E23B77"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Rule of
construction</header><text>Nothing in this section shall be construed as
authorizing the withholding of information from Congress.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="HEF826480CD344AECB4A097CC2756D1E3"><enum>4372.</enum><header>Criminal and
civil penalties</header>
<subsection id="H293C7FACC86A49CB890BC7440B81ECA6"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Any person who
willfully violates any provision of this Act relating to the export of defense
articles and defense services, or any rule or regulation issued thereunder, or
who willfully, in a registration or license application or required report,
makes any untrue statement of a material fact or omits to state a material fact
required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not
misleading, shall upon conviction be fined for each violation not more than
$1,000,000, or imprisoned not more than 20 years, or both.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H3227826A0D7548F1AFBFA51DB608ADBA"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Illicit
trafficking in the western hemisphere</header><text>Any person who willfully
exports to a country in the Western Hemisphere any small arm or light weapon
without a license in violation of the requirements of this Act shall upon
conviction be fined for each violation not less than $1,000,000 but not more
than $3,000,000 and imprisoned for not more than 20 years, or both.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="HEC775A273D264181905FC3401E725858"><enum>4373.</enum><header>Identification
of persons of concern</header>
<subsection id="HCC47A5E0C028494EA4FCAA22C0E6599A"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The President shall
develop appropriate mechanisms to identify, in connection with the export
licensing process under this subtitle—</text>
<paragraph id="HBC4C2EF4A440438AA450DCE2E4A051D7"><enum>(1)</enum><text>persons who are
the subject of an indictment for, or have been convicted of, a violation
under—</text>
<subparagraph id="HD32725B8D09644CF9984A20D6ED6FBDB"><enum>(A)</enum><text>section
4372;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H88EE6A79C2844C21A20FB93AA081765C"><enum>(B)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">section 11 of the Export Administration Act
of 1979 (50 U.S.C. App. 2410) (as continued in effect under the International
Emergency Economic Powers Act);</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HA5EA647939F9417D99B4E7B2332628D1"><enum>(C)</enum><text>section 793, 794,
or 798 of title 18, United States Code (relating to espionage involving defense
or classified information) or section 2339A of such title (relating to
providing material support to terrorists);</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H3E21FB29259948BB9118ECD051404C5E"><enum>(D)</enum><text>section 16 of the
Trading with the Enemy Act (50 U.S.C. App. 16);</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H7D6AA1B0CDE8423586305360CD48C2C7"><enum>(E)</enum><text>section 206 of the
International Emergency Economic Powers Act (relating to foreign assets
controls; 50 U.S.C. App. 1705);</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HD4B22ED298D742BBA32F50E2A70328EA"><enum>(F)</enum><text>section 30A of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (15 U.S.C. 78dd1) or section 104 of the Foreign
Corrupt Practices Act (15 U.S.C. 78dd2);</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H359EC94B233947ECB277F2CFDC133305"><enum>(G)</enum><text>chapter 105 of
title 18, United States Code (relating to sabotage);</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HC5747CCFC8874A229E0A1231A1A50577"><enum>(H)</enum><text>section 4(b) of
the Internal Security Act of 1950 (relating to communication of classified
information; 50 U.S.C. 783(b));</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HD1C695A705AA4F0D93849E3048F42D3F"><enum>(I)</enum><text>section 57, 92,
101, 104, 222, 224, 225, or 226 of the Atomic Energy Act of 1954 (42 U.S.C.
2077, 2122, 2131, 2134, 2272, 2274, 2275, and 2276);</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H197F3091E36C4C6DAE9C9A5F7EBB5FDF"><enum>(J)</enum><text>section 601 of the
National Security Act of 1947 (relating to intelligence identities protection;
50 U.S.C. 421);</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H70CCE09C0FEA4BC9BCA22C6D5D363AC2"><enum>(K)</enum><text>section 603(b) or
(c) of the Comprehensive Anti-Apartheid Act of 1986 (22 U.S.C. 5113(b) or (c));
or</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" id="HCA9E09DC77874B7EA3664BDC35D5FCCC"><enum>(L)</enum><text>section 3, 4, 5,
and 6 of the Prevention of Terrorist Access to Destructive Weapons Act of 2004,
relating to missile systems designed to destroy aircraft (18 U.S.C. 2332g),
prohibitions governing atomic weapons (42 U.S.C. 2122), radiological dispersal
devices (18 U.S.C. 2332h), and variola virus (18 U.S.C. 175b);</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H7B4788606C8B4E519F36FEF40BADDD87"><enum>(2)</enum><text>persons who are
the subject of an indictment or have been convicted under section 371 of title
18, United States Code, for conspiracy to violate any of the provisions of law
described in paragraph (1); and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HFDA6A2DADD5E43EFB859C389B6804F8F"><enum>(3)</enum><text>persons who are
ineligible—</text>
<subparagraph id="H112635AAE6CE433EAFED465F22DA7F1D"><enum>(A)</enum><text>to contract
with,</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H314456AE75C2453091185C0BDEDBAAE7"><enum>(B)</enum><text>to receive a
license or other form of authorization to export from, or</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H4F16CF02483E4B3BB77CA9072CA7905E"><enum>(C)</enum><text>to receive a
license or other form of authorization to import defense articles or defense
services from,</text>
</subparagraph><continuation-text continuation-text-level="paragraph">any Federal
agency.</continuation-text></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H6BD27364432E46BD90847FB83A079BFD"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Disapproval of
application</header><text>If the President determines that—</text>
<paragraph id="HE9AA80F736484AAEAA563B7798F7F34E"><enum>(1)</enum><text>an applicant for a
license to export under this subtitle is the subject of an indictment for a
violation of any of the provisions of law described in subsection (a),</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HF42E6850DB0C4C88A8C93EE08604040F"><enum>(2)</enum><text>there is
reasonable cause to believe that an applicant for a license to export under
this subtitle has violated any of the provisions of law described in subsection
(a), or</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H27F53AAE8AB84CC59B8171C085FE80A2"><enum>(3)</enum><text>an applicant for a
license to export under this subtitle is ineligible to contract with, or to
receive a license or other form of authorization to import defense articles or
defense services from, any Federal agency,</text>
</paragraph><continuation-text continuation-text-level="subsection">the
President may disapprove the export license application. The President shall
consider requests by the Secretary of the Treasury to disapprove any export
license application based on these criteria.</continuation-text></subsection><subsection id="H6C9EE6BDFBD541B98B61B8D6898A2C1A"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Prohibition on
issuance of license To export items on the USML</header>
<paragraph id="HE1F33160A0154590BDFC738E98DC7E44"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>A license to export an item on the United States
Munitions List may not be issued to a person—</text>
<subparagraph id="HB46BAE5814414103AC01D6AB84E66D2F"><enum>(A)</enum><text>if the person, or
any party to the export, has been convicted of violating a provision of law
described in subsection (a); or</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HE7E4C1CD2DE642CFA6A4BEAB9644939F"><enum>(B)</enum><text>if the person, or
any party to the export, is at the time of the license review ineligible to
receive export licenses (or other forms of authorization to export) from any
Federal agency.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H6223B4FC85C24AC5AF6C3159D09F42E4"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Exception</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">A license to export an item on the United
States Munitions List may be issued to a person described in paragraph (1) if
the President, after consultation with the Secretary of the Treasury, and after
a thorough review of the circumstances surrounding the conviction or
ineligibility to export, determines that appropriate steps have been taken to
mitigate any law enforcement concerns.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section id="HD20117A3B8B6428BB4702A97913119CF"><enum>4374.</enum><header>Standards to
identify high-risk exports</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">The
Secretary shall, in coordination with the heads of appropriate Federal
agencies, develop standards for identifying high-risk defense articles for
regular end-use verification.</text>
</section><section id="H03AF2CF23BE64303A7D740DB64C85BE6"><enum>4375.</enum><header>Requirement of
exporters to report shipment</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">As prescribed in regulations issued under
this chapter, a person to whom a license has been granted to export an item on
the United States Munitions List shall, not later than 15 days after the item
is exported, submit to the Department of State a report containing all shipment
information, including a description of the item and the quantity, value, port
of exit, and end-user and country of destination of the item.</text>
</section><section id="HD57CEA80C10E42C4A66C7E436C4646FA"><enum>4376.</enum><header>End-use
monitoring of defense articles and defense services</header>
<subsection id="H6B2BA385E5E34674BF8679C1F83535B8"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Establishment of
monitoring program</header>
<paragraph id="HF3DBC0866D024E488D64C7CECFFCDEE1"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">In order to improve
accountability with respect to defense articles and defense services sold,
leased, or exported under this Act and predecessor Acts, the President shall
establish a program which provides for the end-use monitoring of the articles
and services.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HFF556AD4053241BB91A4169DB8EA1EBF"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Requirements of
program</header><text>To the extent practicable, the program shall be—</text>
<subparagraph id="H9D78CE93842A4FA192D5DCA80A405468"><enum>(A)</enum><text>established and
carried out in accordance with the standards that apply for identifying
high-risk exports for regular end-use verification developed under section 4374
(commonly referred to as the <quote>Blue Lantern</quote> program); and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HF844F63634F24588A64689341A9BADCB"><enum>(B)</enum><text>designed to
provide reasonable assurance that—</text>
<clause id="H0B0092C39B65495FA9A2F200010630E1"><enum>(i)</enum><text>the
recipient is complying with the requirements imposed by the United States
Government with respect to use, transfers, and security of defense articles and
defense services; and</text>
</clause><clause id="H081A31B44FEE48A9B4A3F49B7A554ED5"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>the
articles and services are being used for the purposes for which they are
provided.</text>
</clause></subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H2D7FE157D59A4600AAB8AE4D75ADEA28"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Conduct of
program</header><text>In carrying out the program established under subsection
(a), the President shall ensure that the program—</text>
<paragraph id="H9E42EC48C01346D490CAE24FD3FB053F"><enum>(1)</enum><text>provides for the
end-use verification of defense articles and defense services that incorporate
sensitive technology, defense articles and defense services that are
particularly vulnerable to diversion or other misuse, or defense articles or
defense services whose diversion or other misuse could have significant
consequences; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H08C764A1624E462ABDF1A01F16F343A4"><enum>(2)</enum><text>prevents the
diversion (through reverse engineering or other means) of technology
incorporated in defense articles.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HB7FFF52B55014FC3ACBFA6F42CE680D5"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Report to
Congress</header><text>As part of the annual congressional budget justification
submitted under section 9302, the President shall transmit to Congress a report
describing the actions taken to implement this section, including a detailed
accounting of the costs and number of personnel associated with the monitoring
program.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HA7A7408BA6C24D22B606317276A42134"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Third country
transfers</header><text>For purposes of this section, defense articles and
defense services sold, leased, or exported under this Act includes defense
articles and defense services that are transferred to a third country or other
third party and the numbers, range, and finding of end-use monitoring of United
States transfers of small arms and light weapons.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="H061E6EBBECBE4161B6F2E407AEBCD8B6"><enum>4377.</enum><header>Fees of
military sales agents and other payments</header>
<subsection id="H66CE45001F0C4A8B991753CB1261293D"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">In accordance with
such regulations as the Secretary may prescribe under subsection (b), the
Secretary shall require adequate and timely reporting on political
contributions, gifts, commissions and fees paid, or offered or agreed to be
paid, by any person in connection with—</text>
<paragraph id="H5914C9318DF646B2ACFFF25F40C5B069"><enum>(1)</enum><text>sales of defense
articles or defense services, or of design and construction services under
section 4312; or</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H3EF5C54AC85A4B219B4F674F283FE5C1"><enum>(2)</enum><text>commercial sales
of defense articles or defense services licensed or approved under section
4301, to or for the armed forces of a foreign country or international
organization in order to solicit, promote, or otherwise to secure the
conclusion of such sales.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HE13C5A114AFE4276BB1B8DBD55685225"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Regulations</header><text>The
regulations referred to in subsection (a) shall specify the amounts and the
kinds of payments, offers, and agreements to be reported, and the form and
timing of reports, and shall require reports on the names of sales agents and
other persons receiving such payments. The Secretary shall by regulation
require such recordkeeping as the Secretary determines is necessary.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H7EB299349CCF4DAC9B2DF4E85BE4BB70"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Prohibition,
limitation, conditions</header><text>The Secretary may, by regulation,
prohibit, limit, or prescribe conditions with respect to such contributions,
gifts, commissions, and fees as the President determines will be in furtherance
of the purposes of this Act.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HD773EFEB119F4E88BFF963E1A31950B7"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Requirement for
inclusion in procurement contract</header>
<paragraph id="HA4A37FBD70DA487596C34BB5D148F0D7"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>No such contribution, gift, commission, or fee may be
included, in whole or in part, in the amount paid under any procurement
contract entered into under section 4312, unless the amount thereof is
reasonable, allocable to such contract, and not made to a person who has
solicited, promoted, or otherwise secured such sale, or has held himself out as
being able to do so, through improper influence.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H3ABA98B38CA04A5CA1A48D4833AAC946"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Definition</header><text>For
the purposes of this subsection, the term <term>improper influence</term> means
influence, direct or indirect, which induces or attempts to induce
consideration or action by any employee or officer of a purchasing foreign
government or international organization with respect to such purchase on any
basis other than such consideration of merit as are involved in comparable
United States procurements.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HE1CF0F12816942CEA22E34B7EC979F6A"><enum>(e)</enum><header>Availability of
information and records</header>
<paragraph id="H2DAB4F963EA4446589E47B5D71CBFAB1"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>All information reported to the Secretary and all records
maintained by any person pursuant to regulations prescribed under this section
shall be available, upon request, to any standing committee of Congress or any
subcommittee thereof and to any Federal agency authorized by law to have access
to the books and records of the person required to submit reports or to
maintain records under this section.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H8B066282951E4A21BFF3DB89C41F3BC2"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Terms and
conditions</header><text>Access by an Federal agency to records maintained
under this section shall be on the same terms and conditions that govern access
by the agency to the books and records of the person concerned.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section id="HA55D9021DCD74E73A85298358BFDAB30"><enum>4378.</enum><header>Prohibition on
incentive payments</header>
<subsection id="HA479E199BD4B4096AC11DD8FB68D2A12"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Prohibition</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">A United States person, or any employee,
agent, or subcontractor thereof, may not, with respect to the sale or export of
any defense article or defense service to a foreign country, make any incentive
payments for the purpose of satisfying, in whole or in part, any offset
agreement with the country.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H5A884FEBB3A74D3CBD09AF76D305A11E"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Civil
penalties</header><text>Any person who violates the provisions of subsection
(a) shall be subject to the imposition of civil penalties as provided for in
subsection (c).</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HC13DF382D64A4542B8D9433E8CF639D2"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Enforcement</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">In providing for the enforcement of this
section, the Secretary is authorized to exercise the same powers concerning
violations and enforcement and imposition of civil penalties that are conferred
upon Federal agencies and officials by subsections (c), (d), (e), and (f) of
section 11 of the Export Administration Act of 1979 and section 12(a) of such
Act (as continued in effect under the International Emergency Economic Powers
Act), subject to the same terms and conditions as are applicable to such powers
under such Act, except that section 11(c)(2)(B) of such Act shall not apply,
and instead, as prescribed in regulations issued under this section, the
Secretary may assess civil penalties for violations of this Act and regulations
prescribed thereunder and further may commence a civil action to recover such
civil penalties, and except further that notwithstanding section 11(c) of that
Act, the civil penalty for each violation of this section may not exceed
$500,000 or five times the amount of the prohibited incentive payment,
whichever is greater.</text>
</subsection></section></chapter><chapter id="HC22ED24C0A74402F9D923E9526BE3C92"><enum>6</enum><header>Congressional
review of arms sales</header>
<section commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HB53C7D7D33524A86BD7268F4C0864229"><enum>4381.</enum><header>Reports on
commercial and governmental military exports; congressional action</header>
<subsection commented="no" id="H6C3EC09731AC48A98350E0EDFD0BDB7D"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The Secretary shall
transmit to the appropriate congressional committees not later than 60 days
after the end of each calendar quarter an unclassified report (except that any
material which was transmitted in classified form under subsection (b)(1) or
(c)(1) may be contained in a classified addendum to such report, and any letter
of offer referred to in paragraph (1) may be listed in such addendum unless
such letter of offer has been the subject of an unclassified certification
pursuant to subsection (b)(1), and any information provided under paragraph
(11) may also be provided in a classified addendum) containing—</text>
<paragraph commented="no" id="H31E32396BBE549D0A968D61C486FC04C"><enum>(1)</enum><text>a listing of all
letters of offer to sell any major defense equipment for $1,000,000 or more
under this Act to each foreign country and international organization, by
category, if such letters of offer have not been accepted or canceled;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="H77725EFE394D43A7BE601D26E08F98E1"><enum>(2)</enum><text>a listing of all
such letters of offer that have been accepted during the fiscal year in which
such report is submitted, together with the total value of all defense articles
and defense services sold to each foreign country and international
organization during such fiscal year;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="H5968C5A92D80418AB7C01E41ACA145DF"><enum>(3)</enum><text>the cumulative
dollar amounts, by foreign country and international organization, of sales
credit agreements under section 4251 made during the fiscal year in which such
report is submitted;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="HA31A716F7E114D88954D8D1E2A70453E"><enum>(4)</enum><text>a numbered listing
of all licenses and approvals for the export to each foreign country and
international organization during such fiscal year of commercially sold major
defense equipment, by category, sold for $1,000,000 or more, together with the
total value of all defense articles and defense services so licensed for each
foreign country and international organization, setting forth, with respect to
the listed major defense equipment—</text>
<subparagraph commented="no" id="H1B026D38971440B28E540BE77287BF4E"><enum>(A)</enum><text>the items to be
exported under the license;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" id="H0178359858E34717B1EAB6B13E7D3D5E"><enum>(B)</enum><text>the quantity and
contract price of each such item to be provided; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" id="H02ABA0AD3F4341108D8767420B637999"><enum>(C)</enum><text>the name and
address of the ultimate user of each such item;</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="HB650AD420B8D493BBE8D8A4D7786E076"><enum>(5)</enum><text>projections of the
dollar amounts, by foreign country and international organization, of sales
expected to be made under sections 4311 and 4312, in the quarter of the fiscal
year immediately following the quarter for which such report is
submitted;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="HF29F4DC268184432A61BEB227A01DDB9"><enum>(6)</enum><text>a projection with
respect to all sales expected to be made to each country and organization for
the remainder of the fiscal year in which such report is transmitted;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="H8501A25EBD0A497995CC6BF09BC35FE2"><enum>(7)</enum><text>a description of
each payment, contribution, gift, commission, or fee reported to the Secretary
under section 4377, including—</text>
<subparagraph commented="no" id="HD2AC7F8B022244648458A426F07D038D"><enum>(A)</enum><text>the name of the
person who made such payment, contribution, gift, commission, or fee;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" id="HEDEBE68CCB7E4949A4A322B7A3A2BD1B"><enum>(B)</enum><text>the name of any
sales agent or other person to whom such payment, contribution, gift,
commission, or fee was paid;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" id="H92D3829750944B3CBB67CCC8EAB36FDF"><enum>(C)</enum><text>the date and
amount of such payment, contribution, gift, commission, or fee;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" id="H8754A15534464689A2F3EDFDF8B62389"><enum>(D)</enum><text>a description of
the sale in connection with which such payment, contribution, gift, commission,
or fee was paid; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" id="HFF06AF3181CE4732A56E1E0B8D6D8614"><enum>(E)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">the identification of any business
information considered confidential by the person submitting it which is
included in the report;</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="HDCD30086DCE747488ED93B2EBEB32C8C"><enum>(8)</enum><text>a listing of each
sale under section 4251 during the quarter for which such report is made,
specifying—</text>
<subparagraph commented="no" id="HFEF50CCD940D47D78C3FBDAB150A8B19"><enum>(A)</enum><text>the
purchaser;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" id="H7927249E983E415BA5FCA0ABE5305C10"><enum>(B)</enum><text>the Federal agency
responsible for implementing the sale;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" id="H94536EAA3CA0491DAA9F03188BFB2FA9"><enum>(C)</enum><text>an estimate of the
dollar amount of the sale; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" id="H933ECEAB1E1A485DBDF332481297AF61"><enum>(D)</enum><text>a general
description of the real property facilities to be constructed pursuant to such
sale;</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="HE8C2E860E61A4BEBA847340829D674EF"><enum>(9)</enum><text>a listing of each
export of defense articles under section 4311 during the quarter for which
report is made, specifying the recipient, the defense article, the dollar
amount of the export, and a description of the cooperative agreement pursuant
to which the export was made;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="HD2AB6813F1F844A999DC05C3C82C30D7"><enum>(10)</enum><text>a listing of the
consents to third-party transfers of defense articles or defense services which
were granted, during the quarter for which such report is submitted, if the
value (in terms of original acquisition cost) of the defense articles or
defense services to be transferred is $1,000,000 or more;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="H4DC362BAC4284E348AD8D0533705D884"><enum>(11)</enum><text>a listing of all
munitions items that were sold, leased, or otherwise transferred by the
Department of Defense to any other Federal agency during the quarter for which
such report is submitted (including the name of the recipient agency and a
discussion of what the agency will do with those munitions items) if—</text>
<subparagraph commented="no" id="HFC4CD2A7CAE2476492E7293515D5CF28"><enum>(A)</enum><text>the value of the
munitions items was $250,000 of more, and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" id="HF14969B93AE948968E1727DB0F6CE00C"><enum>(B)</enum><text>the value of all
munitions items transferred to the Federal agency during that quarter was
$250,000 or more,</text>
</subparagraph><continuation-text commented="no" continuation-text-level="paragraph">excluding munitions items transferred
(i) for disposition or use solely within the United States, or (ii) for use in
connection with intelligence activities subject to reporting requirements under
title V of the National Security Act of 1947 (50 U.S.C. 413 et seq.; relating
to congressional oversight of intelligence activities);</continuation-text></paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="H27348718E82749168E5845F1E25D39D7"><enum>(12)</enum><text>a report on all
concluded government-to-government agreements regarding foreign coproduction of
defense articles of United States origin and all other concluded agreements
involving coproduction or licensed production outside of the United States of
defense articles of United States origin (including coproduction memoranda of
understanding or agreement) that have not been previously reported under this
subsection, which shall include—</text>
<subparagraph commented="no" id="HDB8FD34972C44A5995A35D74919FA79A"><enum>(A)</enum><text>the identity of
the foreign countries, international organizations, or foreign firms
involved;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" id="H8998F06802B64B4D946A55C138A3280B"><enum>(B)</enum><text>a description and
the estimated value of the articles authorized to be produced, and an estimate
of the quantity of the articles authorized to be produced;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" id="HFCB6F01A94E14A3F97B5D23F33B6DA88"><enum>(C)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">a description of any restrictions on
third-party transfers of the foreign-manufactured articles; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" id="H4408DA80DC1948BE82C58CCC3FA9A907"><enum>(D)</enum><text>if any such
agreement does not provide for United States access to and verification of
quantities of defense articles produced outside the United States and their
disposition in the foreign country, a description of alternative measures and
controls incorporated in the coproduction or licensing program to ensure
compliance with restrictions in the agreement on production quantities and
third-party transfers;</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="H9924173069A3499FBC0CB2808DBE58C9"><enum>(13)</enum><text>a report on all
exports of significant military equipment for which information has been
provided pursuant to section 4375; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="H6B0673BDEADF4600953EF4A45B21BFB5"><enum>(14)</enum><text>copies of
security assistance surveys conducted by United States Government personnel for
the calendar quarter for which the report is transmitted.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection commented="no" id="HAAD7FD2FAC9E43F0B0250F11C6A4D2A6"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Additional
information</header><text>For each letter of offer to sell under paragraphs (1)
and (2) of subsection (a), the report shall specify—</text>
<paragraph commented="no" id="H9D9CD71D50924A3A8B9EDD3B9D66F8AE"><enum>(1)</enum><text>the foreign
country or international organization to which the defense article or defense
service is offered or was sold, as the case may be;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="HD5A6490B9B05469690188454399C0B03"><enum>(2)</enum><text>the dollar amount
of the offer to sell or the sale and the number of defense articles offered or
sold, as the case may be;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="H9F007092792045D39B7CE17D14A1A12E"><enum>(3)</enum><text>a description of
the defense article or defense service offered or sold, as the case may be;
and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="H76FD9863D04946C69FA354CEB4EB3415"><enum>(4)</enum><text>the United States
Armed Forces or Federal agency that is making the offer to sell or the sale, as
the case may be.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section id="H9A051A4B53CE400AB89F5E4052E4D4DE"><enum>4382.</enum><header>Congressional
certification of sensitive foreign military sales and agreements</header>
<subsection id="HE6CED759A8F34CAF85EEDF51ABA64283"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The President shall
submit to the appropriate congressional committees a numbered certification
with respect to any letter of offer to sell, or an application by a person for
a license for the export of, pursuant to this or any other Act, the following
to a foreign country or international organization:</text>
<paragraph id="HE091D278831B43789628B38F449B6C01"><enum>(1)</enum><text>Major defense
equipment of a type that have not been sold to the country or organization for
$25,000,000 or more.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HCCA8069D1476401BB6965DE0BECE16FF"><enum>(2)</enum><text>Major defense
equipment of a type that have been sold to the country or organization but are
significantly different in terms of capability from those previously sold, for
$25,000,000 or more.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H6E84CFD84B0E459D86BC1EC947236B17"><enum>(3)</enum><text>Fixed- or
rotary-wing aircraft, whether flown remotely or by an onboard pilot, primarily
used for military purposes; navigation, sensors, sensitive components; and
engines for same and sensitive components of such engines.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HFD648D340E7C4B2883A5A41F17853C65"><enum>(4)</enum><text>Radars for
military end-use.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H9CBD1DFAF084400DBF0B117C9F1082F1"><enum>(5)</enum><text>Guided or
ballistic missiles, regardless of mode of launch.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H58316510B25D481D8413F5A66DBB989D"><enum>(6)</enum><text>Firearms, close
assault weapons, and combat shotguns over $1,000,000.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H4FBD07510772462F8A22287AE97131FE"><enum>(7)</enum><text>Night vision
devices.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H5A11C86D4F104564869DEF2DBA05FBF9"><enum>(8)</enum><text>Naval vessels,
both surface vessels (above 3,000 tons) and submersibles.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H0448C7EDCE494F02B1867438BAF69AAF"><enum>(9)</enum><text>Toxicological
Agents and associated equipment, for $25,000,000 or more.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H286C310280204B28B9B0A263348E5716"><enum>(10)</enum><text>Tanks (including
significant components) and armored vehicle chassis, regardless of armament or
lack thereof.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HAC50B15459244FDE80C192E2D2A943FC"><enum>(11)</enum><text>Other defense
articles and defense services for $100,000,000 or more.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H3B1CD73D4CC74F6CAD456B49B1B3C6AC"><enum>(12)</enum><text>Military-related
design and construction services for $300,000,000 or more.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H808D7930C59942F3B60443FED5A63008"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Certification</header><text>The
following requirements shall apply with respect to the submission of a numbered
certification under subsection (a):</text>
<paragraph id="HD8A3BA03A32F474C94D39F4992407FA6"><enum>(1)</enum><text>Before a United
States commercial technical assistance or manufacturing licensing agreement
that involves the manufacture outside the United States of any sensitive
military equipment is approved under section 4301, the Secretary shall transmit
to the appropriate congressional committees an unclassified numbered
certification with respect to the agreement.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HEDB5D45489E54EB78639B3C61884AEB1"><enum>(2)</enum><text>Each numbered
certification shall specify—</text>
<subparagraph id="H86120677C5014C7F81A3CD27D83DF245"><enum>(A)</enum><text>the foreign
country or international organization to which the defense article or defense
service is offered or was sold, as the case may be;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H39AE8831466A4B0990FAC833C7A3FA39"><enum>(B)</enum><text>the dollar amount
of the offer to sell or the sale and the number of defense articles offered or
sold, as the case may be;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H9FA6E83EE8BA4A31BB0596853203ABE1"><enum>(C)</enum><text>a description of
the defense article or defense service offered or sold, as the case may be;
and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HEA1BC9F0EE374D45831ED38AEA9557C2"><enum>(D)</enum><text>the United States
Armed Forces or Federal agency that is making the offer to sell or the sale, as
the case may be.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H7BB00A5E1E01486DB780B30D21CE4282"><enum>(3)</enum><text>For commercial
technical assistance or manufacturing licensing agreements, each numbered
certification shall specify—</text>
<subparagraph id="H64A332F4BD304AD6AF39EE728AD85784"><enum>(A)</enum><text>the
purchaser;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H9474A173CA7F44FFA8351F597290A975"><enum>(B)</enum><text>the Federal agency
responsible for implementing the sale;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HE984E9121AB046D5B8D492B1252AE010"><enum>(C)</enum><text>an estimate of the
dollar amount of the sale; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HA3AAE1144818416BB0CB800F5541B239"><enum>(D)</enum><text>a general
description of the real property facilities to be constructed pursuant to such
sale.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HBD9FE43F89C547F3B6156A4CF7B65353"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Additional
information</header><text>Each numbered certification submitted under
subsection (a) shall also contain information on the following:</text>
<paragraph id="H1977B79E973C4CAB8C6183052767BCAD"><enum>(1)</enum><text>A
description, containing the information described in section 4381(a)(7), of any
contribution, gift, commission, or fee paid or offered or agreed to be paid in
order to solicit, promote, or otherwise to secure the letter of offer relating
to the numbered certification.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HF786C7E875C14FAE89CCF11251EDC08E"><enum>(2)</enum><text>An item,
classified if necessary, identifying the sensitivity of technology contained in
the defense articles, defense services, or design and construction services
proposed to be sold, and a detailed justification of the reasons necessitating
the sale of the articles, services, or design and construction services in view
of the sensitivity of the technology.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HB4B8311505C84ADB9017FC67DDAA659D"><enum>(3)</enum><text>In a case in which
the defense articles or defense services listed on the Missile Technology
Control Regime Annex are intended to support the design, development, or
production of a Category I space launch vehicle system, the certification shall
also include a description of the proposed export and rationale for approving
such export, including the consistency of such export with United States
missile nonproliferation policy.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H9AE275044D0C4AB0938C1965762317AE"><enum>(4)</enum><text>Each numbered
certification shall contain an item indicating whether any offset agreement is
proposed to be entered into in connection with such letter of offer to sell (if
known on the date of transmittal of such certification).</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HAF1BAA3C21004912B6B9933AF58993FF"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Form</header><text>A
numbered certification transmitted pursuant to subsection (a) shall be in
unclassified form, except that the information specified in paragraphs (2) and
(3) of section 4381(b) and the details of the description specified in
subsections (b) and (c) may be classified if the public disclosure thereof
would be clearly detrimental to the security of the United States, in which
case the information shall be accompanied by a description of the damage to the
national security that could be expected to result from public disclosure of
the information.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H89E130B6184A4047AD80B948F99772B5"><enum>(e)</enum><header>Consultation</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The Secretary shall consult with the
appropriate congressional committees prior to the notification of a letter of
offer, an application to export, or the conclusion of an commercial technical
assistance agreement or a manufacturing license agreement.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H48D032B58063434BAB00ABAE90C99E67"><enum>(f)</enum><header>Committee
information request</header><text>The Secretary shall, upon the request of an
appropriate congressional committee, transmit promptly to both such committees
a statement setting forth, to the extent specified in such request—</text>
<paragraph id="H72288B22014C413B9A595699EFABFF8B"><enum>(1)</enum><text>a
detailed description of the defense articles, defense services, or design and
construction services to be offered, including a brief description of the
capabilities of any defense article to be offered;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H2D6D29B066D447D5ADF41131E14D1D68"><enum>(2)</enum><text>an estimate of the
number of officers and employees of the United States Government and of United
States civilian contract personnel expected to be needed in such country to
carry out the proposed sale;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H0E3AC1CE35774296B1F5353E8E22A0ED"><enum>(3)</enum><text>the name of each
contractor expected to provide the defense article, defense service, or design
and construction services proposed to be sold and a description of any offset
agreement with respect to such sale;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H03042B3590F448D2A78B85BFF27C7235"><enum>(4)</enum><text>an evaluation,
prepared by the Secretary in consultation with the Secretary of Defense and the
Director of Central Intelligence, of the manner, if any, in which the proposed
sale would—</text>
<subparagraph id="H88FFAD1712C94A8F990D8398DC2B2164"><enum>(A)</enum><text>contribute to an
arms race;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H56754260E8294F6AA8BE6479D82CA37E"><enum>(B)</enum><text>support
international terrorism;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H2B8F6BC67A334729AF6C444A9CFD70EA"><enum>(C)</enum><text>increase the
possibility of an outbreak or escalation of conflict;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HFE52F0ADAC8B44F3B1451704C73AC8CD"><enum>(D)</enum><text>prejudice the
negotiation of any arms controls;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H623DA05ABA4E444D8A6FBAF25A636BAA"><enum>(E)</enum><text>adversely affect
the arms control or nonproliferation policy of the United States;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HB231B4A2FC96446BA635195E876B3F06"><enum>(F)</enum><text>support
blackmarket or greymarket trade in arms, either those transferred or obsolete
arms to be replaced by the arms sale; or</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H19D292FC167648B989B91B262F0CF504"><enum>(G)</enum><text>require the
transfer of United States arms sensitive technology or manufacturing techniques
as a condition of the arms sale, and the impact of such transfer on the United
States manufacturing base, including on jobs based in the United States;</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="HFA4C148AE617423885138B402D97507A"><enum>(5)</enum><text>the reasons why
the foreign country or international organization to which the sale is proposed
to be made needs the defense articles, defense services, or design and
construction services which are the subject of such sale and a description of
how such country or organization intends to use such defense articles, defense
services, or design and construction services;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H51A2B97B61794C6CA9FADE05874EC009"><enum>(6)</enum><text>an analysis of the
impact of the proposed sale on the military stocks and the military
preparedness of the United States;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H0DA79E282EC64B15900B5087B0E265DB"><enum>(7)</enum><text>the reasons why
the proposed sale is in the national interest of the United States;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H6A88C46FEC43437C8561574611C65CD9"><enum>(8)</enum><text>an analysis of the
impact of the proposed sale on the military capabilities of the foreign country
or international organization to which such sale would be made;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HCA1F6450E9FB4333A9A5DE36577541E3"><enum>(9)</enum><text>an analysis of how
the proposed sale would affect the relative military strengths of countries in
the region to which the defense articles, defense services, or design and
construction services which are the subject of such sale would be delivered and
whether other countries in the region have comparable kinds and amounts of
defense articles, defense services, or design and construction services;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HB1D4E205A94A436F8A262773E6E1374E"><enum>(10)</enum><text>an estimate of
the levels of trained personnel and maintenance facilities of the foreign
country or international organization to which the sale would be made which are
needed and available to utilize effectively the defense articles, defense
services, or design and construction services proposed to be sold;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HB7C97E7EC8C34F17B08CAB476812C5A1"><enum>(11)</enum><text>an analysis of
the extent to which comparable kinds and amounts of defense articles, defense
services, or design and construction services are available from other
countries;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H44DF22CEDF8C43DCB8F73F334380C23E"><enum>(12)</enum><text>an analysis of
the impact of the proposed sale on United States relations with the countries
in the region to which the defense articles, defense services, or design and
construction services which are the subject of such sale would be
delivered;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H65C9B963AAF4490B9D6777383E4AABB2"><enum>(13)</enum><text>a detailed
description of any agreement proposed to be entered into by the United States
for the purchase or acquisition by the United States of defense articles,
defense services, design and construction services or defense equipment, or
other articles, services, or equipment of the foreign country or international
organization in connection with, or as consideration for, such letter of offer,
including an analysis of the impact of such proposed agreement upon United
States business concerns which might otherwise have provided such articles,
services, or equipment to the United States, an estimate of the costs to be
incurred by the United States in connection with such agreement compared with
costs which would otherwise have been incurred, an estimate of the economic
impact and unemployment which would result from entering into such proposed
agreement, and an analysis of whether such costs and such domestic economic
impact justify entering into such proposed agreement;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HBD443F8008734D94B342B9CFBCFBF7DD"><enum>(14)</enum><text>the projected
delivery dates of the defense articles, defense services, or design and
construction services to be offered;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H14E3E7B0427846FDB72DD851C8A66B23"><enum>(15)</enum><text>a detailed
description of weapons and levels of munitions that may be required as support
for the proposed sale;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HA4E947DEB8FE42FA95737EB7FC956B30"><enum>(16)</enum><text>an analysis of
the relationship of the proposed sale to projected procurements of the same
item, and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H6658768741234B3F879BF09137C74724"><enum>(17)</enum><text>an analysis,
classified if necessary, of the security to be provided by the proposed
recipient of the arms sale on the defense articles and defense services, both
against external and internal security threats, including espionage.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section id="H33E0D75F71C141FB8529F6D310C6BD50"><enum>4383.</enum><header>Upgrade or
enhancement</header>
<subsection id="HDACFA99A3EE04DF5A84D1CF8001B2089"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">If, before the
delivery of any major defense article or major defense equipment, or the
furnishing of any defense service or design and construction service, sold
pursuant to a letter of offer or a contract pursuant to a license described in
section 4382, the sensitivity of technology or the capability of the article,
equipment, or service is enhanced or upgraded from the level of sensitivity or
capability described in the numbered certification with respect to an offer to
sell such article, equipment, or service, then, at least 45 days before the
delivery of such article or equipment or the furnishing of such service, the
President shall prepare and transmit to the chairman of the Committee on
Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives and the chairman of the
Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate a report—</text>
<paragraph id="H3B846D0C5EEC4294B1A8573418852342"><enum>(1)</enum><text>describing the
manner in which the technology or capability has been enhanced or upgraded and
describing the significance of such enhancement or upgrade; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HC81F9531198B405B99F4263953B7D7DB"><enum>(2)</enum><text>setting forth a
detailed justification for such enhancement or upgrade.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H36F45D963F38464BB30345DB03614E85"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Application</header><text>The
provisions of subsection (a) apply to an article or equipment delivered, or a
service furnished, within 10 years after the transmittal to the Congress of a
numbered certification with respect to the sale of such article, equipment, or
service.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H8EDB9C09E1854F81BC2ED9F302693AD7"><enum>(c)</enum><header>New numbered
certification</header>
<paragraph id="HA0FCD83A2DDF4ED7A9C04B5E29AB70B8"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>If the enhancement or upgrade in the sensitivity of
technology or the capability of major defense equipment, defense articles,
defense services, or design and construction services described in a numbered
certification submitted under this section costs $14,000,000 or more in the
case of any major defense equipment, $50,000,000 or more in the case of defense
articles or defense services, or $200,000,000 or more in the case of design or
construction services, then the Secretary shall submit to the chairman of the
Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives and the chairman
of the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate a new numbered
certification which relates to such enhancement or upgrade and which shall be
considered for purposes of this section as if it were a separate letter of
offer to sell defense equipment, articles, or services, subject to all of the
requirements, restrictions, and conditions set forth in this section.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H06FDF29B14764F93AF02AE78E7918CE3"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Rule of
construction</header><text>For purposes of this subsection, references in this
section to sales shall be deemed to be references to enhancements or upgrades
in the sensitivity of technology or the capability of major defense equipment,
defense articles, or defense services, as the case may be.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section id="HCAC7458C4893457D8B33DEA32D2CD55C"><enum>4384.</enum><header>Congressional
review period and disapproval</header>
<subsection id="HE6E04824686949DBB7F39DB76C3195B1"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Review
period</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Any numbered
certification submitted to the appropriate congressional committees for a
letter of offer or a license to export under section 4382 may not be issued not
earlier than—</text>
<paragraph commented="no" id="H429B38EC0FFC4BB3B89BDE35D5746216"><enum>(1)</enum><text>in the case of a
strategic United States ally, 15 legislative days after the date of submission
of the certification;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="H723B4519EEA24DFEB05DD8D62609E194"><enum>(2)</enum><text>in the case of any
other country, 30 legislative days after the date of submission of the
certification; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H212C7C55D0344701B7FEA195B548ADD4"><enum>(3)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">in the case of a license for export of a
commercial communications satellite for launch from, and by nationals of, the
Russian Federation, Ukraine, or Kazakhstan, 15 legislative days after the date
of submission of the certification.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HE0ACFEF8FB62469AB2B50B4DD3782970"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Disapproval</header><text>No
letter of offer, or license to export, may be issued for any proposed sale
subject to the provisions of this section if a joint resolution of disapproval
is enacted providing for any such sale within the respective time periods
specified in subsection (a).</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H8BDBFBAA6D284DD4A3CAE06BC857EEEC"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Procedures for
consideration of joint resolution</header>
<paragraph id="H57F3B005351141CE8E7FCCDA82E4DAC1"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Senate</header><text>Any
such joint resolution shall be considered in the Senate in accordance with the
provisions of section 601(b) of the International Security Assistance and Arms
Export Control Act of 1976, except that for purposes of consideration of any
joint resolution with respect to a strategic United States ally, it shall be in
order in the Senate to move to discharge a committee to which such joint
resolution was referred if such committee has not reported such joint
resolution at the end of 5 calendar days after its introduction.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HE852D3D6A96F4B859A7758B2C9BD6E81"><enum>(2)</enum><header>House of
Representatives</header><text>For the purpose of expediting the consideration
and enactment of joint resolutions under this subsection, a motion to proceed
to the consideration of any such joint resolution after it has been reported by
the appropriate committee shall be treated as highly privileged in the House of
Representatives.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section id="HF01AFC3F3E2F4D91BF553BA7177DC75E"><enum>4385.</enum><header>National
security waiver of congressional review of arms sales</header>
<subsection id="H71D14A3644234A2BA0A615C032AA4B84"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Authority</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">If the President informs the appropriate
congressional committees that an emergency exists that requires a sale of a
defense article or defense service under section 4331 or a retransfer of a
defense article or defense service under section 4361 in the national security
interests of the United States, the President may exempt the proposed sale from
the requirements of this chapter.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H8CEFD8BE6DCA4500B308ED20B5FE7B57"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Justification</header><text>Before
exercising such waiver, the President shall set forth in a statement to the
appropriate congressional committees a detailed justification for the
President’s determination, including a description of the emergency
circumstances that necessitate the immediate issuance of the letter of offer
and a discussion of the national security interests involved.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="H71D4C530138F427F85097CB1198DC2A4"><enum>4386.</enum><header>Publication of
arms sales notifications</header>
<subsection id="H060D9A1051804038A19C016A6621D8E0"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Publication</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The Secretary shall publish in a timely
manner in the Federal Register, upon transmittal to the Speaker of the House of
Representatives and to the chairman of the Committee on Foreign Relations of
the Senate, the full unclassified text of each numbered certification submitted
pursuant to section 4382.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H29B0FE3E805B4E619DE718466BA45FC0"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Rule of
construction</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Information
relating to offset agreements shall be treated as confidential information in
accordance with section 12(c) of the Export Administration Act of 1979 (50
U.S.C. App. 2411(c)) (as continued in effect under the International Emergency
Economic Powers Act).</text>
</subsection></section><section id="H944221C8FC914CBBA2623C4B9562DE5B"><enum>4387.</enum><header>Certification
requirement relating to Israel’s qualitative military edge</header>
<subsection id="HF9FDC98892EB4E0E865762460EB43B76"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Any certification
relating to a proposed sale or export of defense articles or defense services
under this chapter to any country in the Middle East other than Israel shall
include an unclassified determination that the sale or export of the defense
articles or defense services will not adversely affect Israel’s qualitative
military edge over military threats to Israel, but may also include a
classified determination as well.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H588C10FE5BDE4EBCA9CB9C27560A4E29"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Qualitative
military edge defined</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">In this
section, the term <term>qualitative military edge</term> means the ability to
counter and defeat any credible conventional military threat from any
individual state or possible coalition of states or from non-state actors,
while sustaining minimal damages and casualties, through the use of superior
military means, possessed in sufficient quantity, including weapons, command,
control, communication, intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance
capabilities that in their technical characteristics are superior in capability
to those of such other individual or possible coalition of states or non-state
actors.</text>
</subsection></section></chapter><chapter id="H2D8DB8632E9E430FBCD24D7A183BC8C0"><enum>7</enum><header>Landmines and
cluster munitions</header>
<section id="HC2E8259C4BA14B93BFC9322376D3FDCD"><enum>4391.</enum><header>Landmines</header>
<subsection id="H9228FA94D00D4F86BB83082E04489F0B"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Notwithstanding any
other provision of law, demining equipment available to the Agency or the
Department of State and used in support of the clearance of landmines and
unexploded ordnance for humanitarian purposes may be disposed of on a grant
basis in foreign countries.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HEB4DB9DF22AC4A508926901B07DDCCDD"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Terms and
conditions</header><text>The exercise of the authority under subsection (a)
shall be subject to such terms and conditions as the President may
prescribe.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="HA7E20879FAB64345AED856C8CABB914B"><enum>4392.</enum><header>Cluster
munitions</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">No security
assistance may be provided for cluster munitions, no defense export license for
cluster munitions may be issued, and no cluster munitions or cluster munitions
technology shall be sold or transferred, unless—</text>
<paragraph id="H5FDDB29DCE9A4B119CFF379A90BBDC36"><enum>(1)</enum><text>the submunitions
of the cluster munitions, after arming, do not result in more than 1 percent
unexploded ordnance across the range of intended operational environments;
and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H78722D19D005401BB93A07BF1F221FFA"><enum>(2)</enum><text>the agreement
applicable to the assistance, transfer, or sale of such cluster munitions or
cluster munitions technology specifies that—</text>
<subparagraph id="HBCD3F81E23A04B318E13B92B3FA9EEFF"><enum>(A)</enum><text>the cluster
munitions will only be used against clearly defined military targets and will
not be used where civilians are known to be present or in areas normally
inhabited by civilians; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H0735B93C24194C9FA312B81DE340490F"><enum>(B)</enum><text>the recipient
agrees to immediately recover any unexploded submunitions, and to give
assistance as necessary to any civilian injuries, that follow the use of such
weapons in any area in which civilians are present.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></section></chapter></subtitle><subtitle id="H874F1B0037384FDFBF985F803F733F9C"><enum>D</enum><header>General
administrative and miscellaneous provisions</header>
<section id="HA4B70004B21B4995995CF0C44A114E5C"><enum>4401.</enum><header>General
provisions</header>
<subsection id="H7DD19F7EB3F14FD989E2CE1ED4E89E9C"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Procurement in
the United States; coproduction or licensed production outside the United
States</header>
<paragraph id="HCB26E9CE2BBC43E2A6C90F2CE4B7FBDF"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>In carrying out this title, special emphasis shall be
placed on procurement in the United States, but, subject to the provisions of
subsection (b), consideration shall also be given to coproduction or licensed
production outside the United States of defense articles of United States
origin when such production best serves the foreign policy, national security,
and economy of the United States.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H592CB182F84D4606B9E5CF1D44D5FDDB"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Evaluation</header><text>In
evaluating any sale proposed to be made pursuant to this title, there shall be
taken into consideration—</text>
<subparagraph id="H88A82032CB834F87B6AF01611F6A6002"><enum>(A)</enum><text>the extent to
which the proposed sale damages or infringes upon licensing arrangements
whereby United States entities have granted licenses for the manufacture of the
defense articles selected by the purchasing country to entities located in
friendly foreign countries, which licenses result in financial returns to the
United States;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H6BAECC307DD44A2FB0C22FBA0EB4D5D8"><enum>(B)</enum><text>the portion of the
defense articles so manufactured which is of United States origin; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H4A1521593DC5491D9BEA8D3E0E073394"><enum>(C)</enum><text>whether, and the
extent to which, such sale might contribute to an arms race, aid in the
development of weapons of mass destruction, support international terrorism,
increase the possibility of outbreak or escalation of conflict, or prejudice
the development of bilateral or multilateral arms control or nonproliferation
agreements or other arrangements.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H2D81F821FA7F4B34B14C94DA8B258A7D"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Prohibitions</header><text>No
credit sale shall be extended under section 4251 in any case involving
coproduction or licensed production outside the United States of any defense
article of United States origin, unless the Secretary, in advance of any such
transaction, advises the appropriate congressional committees and furnish the
Speaker of the House of Representatives and the President of the Senate with
full information regarding the proposed transaction, including a description of
the particular defense article or articles which would be produced under
license or coproduced outside the United States, the estimated value of such
production or coproduction, and the probable impact of the proposed transaction
on employment and production within the United States.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H9F8D967AA0E3470499B9D163DC5E24D5"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Availability of
funds</header><text>Funds made available under this title may be used for
procurement outside the United States only if the President determines that
such procurement will not result in adverse effects upon the economy of the
United States or the industrial mobilization base, with special reference to
any areas of labor surplus or to the net position of the United States in its
balance of payments with the rest of the world, which outweigh the economic or
other advantages to the United States of less costly procurement outside the
United States</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H69A0E905AD794E0486E90BB6A6A0A6AC"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Responsibilities
of Secretary of Defense</header>
<paragraph id="H0741CC33FBAE46AEA861B384FDFAFC5E"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>With respect to sales under sections 4311, 4312, 4324,
and 4351 the Secretary of Defense shall, under the direction of the President,
have primary responsibility for—</text>
<subparagraph id="HBBF3C9B1B5364C6393C07521E5643B11"><enum>(A)</enum><text>the determination
of military end-item requirements;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H5C24828276B14D3EA8D28151477ED785"><enum>(B)</enum><text>the procurement of
military equipment in a manner which permits its integration with service
programs;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H2595254BC90F4C5B86268F3C7480A691"><enum>(C)</enum><text>the supervision of
the training of foreign military personnel;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H31A895F3F9444CF39F0DCECADCE3126D"><enum>(D)</enum><text>the movement and
delivery of military end-items; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HE3623E787B044516B6DB634CF5B325AB"><enum>(E)</enum><text>within the
Department of Defense, the performance of any other functions with respect to
sales and guaranties.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H86250226C9374E8187FE3167430CD571"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Priorities</header><text>The
establishment of priorities in the procurement, delivery, and allocation of
military equipment shall, under the direction of the President, be determined
by the Secretary of Defense.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HEEC94A3276DA4681B752C7A8F77BE4CB"><enum>(e)</enum><header>Termination
provisions</header>
<paragraph id="HB7C5461015E24ED2A7E157B7C0B160FD"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Contracts</header><text>Each
contract for sale entered into under sections 4311, 4312, 4324, and 4351, and
each contract entered into under section 4282, shall provide that such contract
may be canceled in whole or in part, or its execution suspended, by the United
States at any time under unusual or compelling circumstances if the national
interest of the United States so requires.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H9C877B83AE7A4EC0A3B231C98AA4B793"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Export
licenses</header><text>Each export license issued under section 4331 shall
provide that such license may be revoked, suspended, or amended by the
Secretary, without prior notice, whenever the Secretary deems such action to be
advisable. Nothing in this paragraph may be construed as limiting the
regulatory authority of the President under this Act.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H061007ACDC3D4E0988B2C95BDCEB45EC"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Authorization of
appropriations</header><text>There are authorized to be appropriated from time
to time such sums as may be necessary—</text>
<subparagraph id="H5B9A4BCD1CA74CEF8DFE53481EFD7EA2"><enum>(A)</enum><text>to refund moneys
received from purchasers under contracts of sale entered into under sections
4311, 4312, 4324, and 4351, or under contracts entered into under section 4282,
that are canceled or suspended under this subsection to the extent such moneys
have previously been disbursed to private contractors and United States
Government agencies for work in progress; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H0D8975060B014871B4DF4D4D1763A202"><enum>(B)</enum><text>to pay such
damages and costs that accrue from the corresponding cancellation or suspension
of the existing procurement contracts or Federal agency work orders
involved.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HFF0EE2D333684A16863FCF503FB02365"><enum>(f)</enum><header>Civilian
contract personnel</header><text>The President shall, to the maximum extent
possible and consistent with the purposes of this title, use civilian contract
personnel in any foreign country to perform defense services sold under this
title.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="HD023A6F1C5694C67B382DE559E1B7FFE"><enum>4402.</enum><header>Administrative
expenses</header>
<subsection id="H76FCB124D6324D7BA4BA77AFE64BCFC6"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Funds made available
under other provisions of law for the operations of Federal agencies carrying
out functions under this title shall be available for the administrative
expenses incurred by such agencies under this title.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H9BE22C8E8FD040F3AB1595E16D3A143A"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Recovery of
expenses</header><text>Charges for administrative services calculated under
section 4314(a)(1) shall include recovery of administrative expenses and
official reception and representation expenses incurred by any Federal agency,
including any mission or group thereof, in carrying out functions under this
title if—</text>
<paragraph id="HFE0BE3DF27A34234A485AFD1B84E86F7"><enum>(1)</enum><text>such functions are
primarily for the benefit of any foreign country;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H4E5F6B0CB2AE469AB9CAF47DB869FB4A"><enum>(2)</enum><text>such expenses are
not directly and fully charged to, and reimbursed from amounts received for,
sale of defense services under section 4311; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H6C5E909C096744A5BD594DED4D1C1C9D"><enum>(3)</enum><text>such expenses are
neither salaries of the United States Armed Forces nor represent unfunded
estimated costs of civilian retirement and other benefits.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H85D2D262D2B94A0B9C9BE72692AA0949"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Official
reception and representation expenses</header><text>Not more than $86,500 of
the funds derived from charges for administrative services pursuant to section
4314(a)(1) may be used each fiscal year for official reception and
representation expenses.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="HBCB9E428FD92474D88586FB735833038"><enum>4403.</enum><header>Detail of
appropriate personnel</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">The
President may detail, as necessary, to the Department of State appropriate
personnel from any other Federal agency on a nonreimbursable basis, to assist
in the initial screening of applications for export licenses under this
subtitle in order to determine the need for further review of those
applications for foreign policy, national security, and law enforcement
concerns.</text>
</section><section id="H838B32574341471FBF4C54629551A460"><enum>4404.</enum><header>Rule of
construction</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">Nothing in this
title shall be construed as modifying in any way the provisions of the Atomic
Energy Act of 1954 or section 7307 of title 10, United States Code.</text>
</section><section id="H14063790DF944D8B82C3CD48ACE0FD92"><enum>4405.</enum><header>Performance
goals for processing of applications for licenses to export items on United
States Munitions List</header>
<subsection id="H60A0D618A4354C2A8E921AF9B3CA5A1D"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The Secretary shall
establish and maintain the following goals:</text>
<paragraph id="H7F7D441EBFAD41EEB9D24B9A025C216F"><enum>(1)</enum><text>The processing
time for review of each application for a license to export items on the United
States Munitions List (other than a Manufacturing License Agreement) shall be
not more than 60 days from the date of receipt of the application.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H8CB278F88AF54C3E9923F6E5B5B19DF1"><enum>(2)</enum><text>The processing
time for review of each application for a commodity jurisdiction determination
shall be not more than 60 days from the date of receipt of the
application.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H71EF43F41D544974AB8304BD96CD27AA"><enum>(3)</enum><text>The total number
of applications described in paragraph (1) that are unprocessed shall be not
more than 7 percent of the total number of such applications submitted in the
preceding calendar year.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H5179E947C67842EDAFAA940A4C85C0E9"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Additional
review</header>
<paragraph id="H4851A1FF004143F6B9AC41DEB2C54475"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>If an application described in paragraph (1) or (2) of
subsection (a) is not processed within the time period described in the
respective paragraph of such subsection, then the Secretary shall ensure that
the appropriate managing official shall review the status of the application to
determine if further action is required to process the application.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HAB4BE3B599484DCD87E24A32EBA5BF4D"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Additional
requirements</header><text>If an application described in paragraph (1) or (2)
of subsection (a) is not processed within 90 days from the date of receipt of
the application, then the appropriate managing official shall—</text>
<subparagraph id="H1CFCC73D65D64681908BA309BD67AE26"><enum>(A)</enum><text>review the status
of the application to determine if further action is required to process the
application; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HDBB1BF4641824C1A80B616D484094A82"><enum>(B)</enum><text>submit to the
appropriate congressional committees a notification of the review conducted
under subparagraph (A), including a description of the application, the reason
for delay in processing the application, and a proposal for further action to
process the application.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="HA6C1FEB13F6F416485A4683DE650AFBF"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Annual
review</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">For each calendar
year, the appropriate managing official shall review not less than 2 percent of
the total number of applications described in paragraphs (1) and (2) of
subsection (a) to ensure that the processing of such applications, including
decisions to approve, deny, or return without action, is consistent with both
the foreign policy and regulatory requirements of the United States.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H2CE21CBB29B84B8A9EE6327A037109F4"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Statements of
policy</header>
<paragraph id="HBDFD5D1A493C46849E214B5CB532E835"><enum>(1)</enum><header>United States
allies</header><text>Congress states that—</text>
<subparagraph id="H165C3B39C8F04D40839E7E5FA2FC3D08"><enum>(A)</enum><text>to ensure that, to
the maximum extent practicable, the processing time for review of applications
to export items to United States allies in direct support of combat operations
or peacekeeping or humanitarian operations with the United States Armed Forces
is not more than 7 days from the date of receipt of the application; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H8A944E473C2645B5A5BC238F60DF53AF"><enum>(B)</enum><text>the Secretary
shall ensure that, to the maximum extent practicable, the processing time for
review of applications described in subsection (a)(1) to export items that are
not subject to the requirements of chapter 6 to a strategic United States ally,
and, as appropriate, other major United States allies for any purpose other
than the purpose described in paragraph (1) is not more than 30 days from the
date of receipt of the application.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H418D9E29916C49D9AB091AE76D7BCB4E"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Priority for
applications for export of U.S.-origin equipment</header><text>In meeting the
goals established by this section, the Secretary shall prioritize the
processing of applications for licenses and agreements necessary for the export
of United States-origin equipment over applications for Manufacturing License
Agreements.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H9410DA0797F0496DBDF69C22D1C1FE20"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Report</header><text>Not
later than 180 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, and not later
than 1 year thereafter, the Secretary shall submit to the appropriate
congressional committees a report that contains a detailed description
of—</text>
<paragraph id="H2CACB451E4C443BBA3E45EF59ECB0ED3"><enum>(1)</enum><subparagraph commented="no" display-inline="yes-display-inline" id="H033A007FA01C418E800153D56ADAC3B9"><enum>(A)</enum><text>the average processing
time for and number of applications described in subsection (a)(1) to—</text>
<clause id="H7950173026AB4214A08589FCF2B424C1" indent="up1"><enum>(i)</enum><text>a strategic United States
ally;</text>
</clause><clause id="H9AB18B38A4364F80AF6E41444BC3F384" indent="up1"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>a major United States ally;
and</text>
</clause><clause id="HC163C70CF5094736A1F8A34C174AA8DE" indent="up1"><enum>(iii)</enum><text>any other country; and</text>
</clause></subparagraph><subparagraph id="H23C77EB2B0644EEBBD34057B2B631058" indent="up1"><enum>(B)</enum><text>to the extent practicable, the average
processing time for and number of applications described in subsection (b)(1)
by item category;</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="HDD4FC62DD01B4BEFBA1161D8D7AC617A"><enum>(2)</enum><text>the average
processing time for and number of applications described in subsection
(a)(2);</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HFA454F683CF047C4B5436D84DD07A9B8"><enum>(3)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">the average processing time for and number
of applications for agreements described in part 124 of title 22, Code of
Federal Regulations (relating to the International Traffic in Arms
Regulations), other than Manufacturing License Agreements;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H8A3779E08E634A2FBA3A7CFCE690AE76"><enum>(4)</enum><text>the average
processing times for applications for Manufacturing License Agreements;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H9CF5CE9855B14AB081A63BC7FBAFF62E"><enum>(5)</enum><text>any management
decisions of the Directorate of Defense Trade Controls of the Department of
State that have been made in response to data contained in paragraphs (1)
through (3); and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HC950A17599D841CB8B01AF7EEE3C2493"><enum>(6)</enum><text>any advances in
technology that will allow the time-frames described in subsection (a)(1) to be
substantially reduced.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H92BEC6CB6BEC441FA569540B28934212"><enum>(e)</enum><header>Congressional
briefings</header><text>If, at the end of any month beginning after the date of
the enactment of this Act, the total number of applications described in
subsection (a)(1) that are unprocessed is more than 7 percent of the total
number of such applications submitted in the preceding calendar year, then the
Secretary shall ensure that the Assistant Secretary for Political-Military
Affairs shall brief the appropriate congressional committees on such matters
and the corrective measures that will be taken to comply with the requirements
of subsection (a).</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H2A3C5E706E434FD4B963235985972C6C"><enum>(f)</enum><header>Transparency of
commodity jurisdiction determinations</header>
<paragraph id="HDE9A68C29A8246B0BFE47816A25FB3D2"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">To the maximum extent
practicable, commodity jurisdiction determinations made as the appropriate
controls to be applied to commodities shall be made public.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H0174A01EE2214C94B4E1AAD3EC5EC9FE"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Publication on
Department of State’s Internet website</header><text>The Secretary
shall—</text>
<subparagraph id="HD2ED3301F08C4D72AB3013BD36B3138E"><enum>(A)</enum><text>publish a
commodity jurisdiction determination referred to in paragraph (1) on the
Internet website of the Department of State not later than 30 days after the
date of the determination, which includes—</text>
<clause id="H5C4F2D9FE7364D43B902693FA74E59B1"><enum>(i)</enum><text>the
name of the manufacturer of the item;</text>
</clause><clause id="H71DC29A8104C4CE7BA873555A553D591"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>a
brief general description of the item;</text>
</clause><clause id="H553393A329874D1BA1D3690CECF9FFAB"><enum>(iii)</enum><text>the model or
part number of the item; and</text>
</clause><clause id="HC3C2DB22CFCC4434AB034D7B8BE1A83D"><enum>(iv)</enum><text>the
designation under which the item has been designated, except that—</text>
<subclause id="H63C05877052642EC89A606302B3B0334"><enum>(I)</enum><text>the name of the
person or business organization that sought the commodity jurisdiction
determination shall not be published if the person or business organization is
not the manufacturer of the item; and</text>
</subclause><subclause id="H7B67E6B6D7CC4EAA9ACB3CE8AA290930"><enum>(II)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">the names of the customers, the price of
the item, and any proprietary information relating to the item indicated by the
person or business organization that sought the commodity jurisdiction
determination shall not be published; and</text>
</subclause></clause></subparagraph><subparagraph id="HBA1FEC867D904EF0ACB1FEA6CB049B5C"><enum>(B)</enum><text>maintain on the
Internet website of the Department of State an archive, that is accessible to
the general public and other departments and agencies of the United States, of
the information published under subparagraph (A).</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HF223E9CB00A34FA092B73ACB20D202F1"><enum>(g)</enum><header>Rule of
construction</header><text>Nothing in this section shall be construed to
prohibit the President from undertaking a thorough review of the national
security and foreign policy implications of a proposed export of items on the
United States Munitions List.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="H76ABEFA66A0E48F9A4622EE53874744B"><enum>4406.</enum><header>Availability
of information on the status of license applications</header>
<subsection id="H7388D509B16E47349062F27E1F74E851"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The Secretary shall
make available to persons who have pending license applications under this
chapter and the appropriate congressional committees the ability to access
electronically current information on the status of each license application
required to be submitted under this chapter.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H10F1C80A28BE4E19ADD8FEC03403D28A"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Matters To be
included</header><text>The information referred to in subsection (a) shall be
limited to the following:</text>
<paragraph id="H7B775F2C27684207B2C694C18275C8E9"><enum>(1)</enum><text>The case number of
the license application.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HAEE4A1AA8915416F8B76989C7CBAD039"><enum>(2)</enum><text>The date on which
the license application is received by the Department of State and becomes an
<quote>open application</quote>.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HF3D3D42E80F74239B9D3C8829A499888"><enum>(3)</enum><text>The date on which
the Directorate of Defense Trade Controls makes a determination with respect to
the license application or transmits it for interagency review, if
required.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H3826CE8DB20D4152A84BE6A61E631D5D"><enum>(4)</enum><text>The date on which
the interagency review process for the license application is completed, if
such a review process is required.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HDA615ABF174A4388B003F06788F5893E"><enum>(5)</enum><text>The date on which
the Department of State begins consultations with the appropriate congressional
committees with respect to the license application.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HA8EBFDA5EB6A448495418AA6C1320404"><enum>(6)</enum><text>The date on which
the license application is sent to the appropriate congressional
committees.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section id="HCE982269CDF042F0AB47968D7718C36C"><enum>4407.</enum><header>Requirement to
ensure adequate staff and resources for the Directorate of Defense Trade
Controls of the Department of State</header>
<subsection id="HA90C147EAF2F45D69B9D700FEA22F888"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Requirement</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The Secretary shall ensure that there are
the necessary staff and resources to carry out this subtitle.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H6FDBF39EF74E447FA58100FAF924C2D6"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Minimum number
of licensing officers</header><text>The Secretary should ensure that there is
at least 1 licensing officer for every 1,250 applications for licenses and
other authorizations to export items on the United States Munitions List or
successor list.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H95C11FDFD4BB483091D6B2C31FD160EB"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Minimum number
of staff for commodity jurisdiction determinations</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The
Secretary shall ensure that the Directorate of Defense Trade Controls has, to
the extent practicable, not less than three individuals assigned to review
applications for commodity jurisdiction determinations.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="H64BD129F868D43DDABEB11C6046B6DD7"><enum>4408.</enum><header>Overseas
management of assistance and sales programs</header>
<subsection id="H0461DFE688B345ABA6844E21DD1D2C09"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">In order to carry out
the President’s responsibilities for the management of international security
assistance programs conducted under this title, the President may assign
members of the United States Armed Forces, personnel of the Department of
Defense, the Department of State, or any other Federal agency, to a foreign
country to perform one or more of the following functions:</text>
<paragraph id="H0802AF93AEDC492CACF20360AFB7BF65"><enum>(1)</enum><text>Equipment and
services case management.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H3044627CC662479B8C0FDD5B687B5647"><enum>(2)</enum><text>Training
management.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HEC5511CE6A884B49BF9C0598DC6A2225"><enum>(3)</enum><text>Program
monitoring.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HE823DEF850E3463AB7219CBB0FFCBEF5"><enum>(4)</enum><text>Evaluation and
planning of the host government’s military capabilities and
requirements.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H52CA8B3F10E64344ADA73304C5BF4E34"><enum>(5)</enum><text>Administrative
support.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H5743DAAB01FE4B3BB1639F74F1EC7E2B"><enum>(6)</enum><text>Promoting
rationalization, standardization, interoperability, and other defense
cooperation measures.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H3B647DE3C5914200866F2310016400BD"><enum>(7)</enum><text>Liaison functions
exclusive of advisory and training assistance.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HF3A48B5BCA474D5EAFCFF2034D2C0AFB"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Advisory and
training assistance</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Advisory
and training assistance conducted by military personnel assigned under this
section shall be kept to an absolute minimum. It is the sense of Congress that
advisory and training assistance conducted in countries to which military
personnel are assigned under this section should be provided primarily by other
personnel who are not assigned under this section and who are detailed for
limited periods to perform specific tasks.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H8CBC55130DA04D5DA39A7E7EC3BC71AF"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Limitation on
number of United States Armed Forces members</header>
<paragraph id="H8DB7BA72D6234E578CD1FF86D2E2C621"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Limitation</header>
<subparagraph id="HD486A5C530F443AF8411DBA936512E32"><enum>(A)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>Except as provided in subparagraph (C), the number of
members of the United States Armed Forces assigned to a foreign country under
this section in a fiscal year may not exceed 12 unless specifically authorized
by Congress.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H9242347C9964452B85A119AF3DF550B9"><enum>(B)</enum><header>Waiver</header><text>The
President may waive the limitation in subparagraph (A) with respect to the
number of members of the United States Armed Forces assigned to a foreign
country if the President determines and reports to the appropriate
congressional committees 30 days prior to the introduction of the additional
members of the United States Armed Forces in the foreign country, that United
States national interests require that more than 12 members of the United
States Armed Forces be assigned under this section to carry out international
security assistance programs in the foreign country.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HBC72DAC55FA1473FA489772C4263E682"><enum>(C)</enum><header>Exempted
countries</header><text>The limitation in subparagraph (A) shall not apply with
respect to Pakistan, Tunisia, El Salvador, Honduras, Israel, Colombia,
Indonesia, the Republic of Korea, the Philippines, Thailand, Egypt, Jordan,
Morocco, Saudi Arabia, Greece, Portugal, Spain, and Turkey.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H626C0781AE8A41E9A05E484BE1F6D521"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Congressional
budget justification</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The
total number of members of the United States Armed Forces assigned to a foreign
country under this section in a fiscal year may not exceed the number justified
to Congress for that country in the congressional budget justification
documents for that fiscal year, unless the appropriate congressional committees
are notified 30 days in advance of the introduction of the additional members
of the United States Armed Forces.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HB7F9AE221E8544CC92E92EFB64274320"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Costs</header><text>The
entire costs (excluding salaries of members of the United States Armed Forces
(other than the Coast Guard)) of overseas management of international security
assistance programs under this section shall be charged to or reimbursed from
funds made available to carry out this chapter, other than any such costs which
are either paid directly for such defense services under section 4311 or
reimbursed from charges for services collected from foreign governments
pursuant to section 4311 and section 4402.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HE2D985ABBD8945758872E30CEF35E0BD"><enum>(e)</enum><header>Supervision of
chief of diplomatic mission</header><text>Members of the United States Armed
Forces assigned to a foreign country under this section shall serve under the
direction and supervision of the Chief of the United States Diplomatic Mission
to that country.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HED5C71A3A0794A929AC99BA3E3DB5D48"><enum>(f)</enum><header>Guidance
regarding purchases</header><text>The President shall continue to instruct
United States diplomatic and military personnel in United States missions that
such personnel should not encourage, promote, or influence the purchase by any
foreign country of United States-made military equipment, unless such personnel
are specifically instructed to do so by an appropriate official of the
executive branch.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="HC9B04293C31A4E438F8217B15D861638"><enum>4409.</enum><header>Designation of
major United States allies</header>
<subsection id="H8F06EE7978B241B386089DAC530EFF96"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Notice to
Congress</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The President shall
notify Congress in writing at least 30 days before—</text>
<paragraph id="H72DE0F596AF541E0ADA8C4966F955DFE"><enum>(1)</enum><text>designating a
country as a major United States ally for purposes of this Act; or</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H208BA8EDB0214D3EB4607E1EC9A24132"><enum>(2)</enum><text>terminating such a
designation.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H7173FFD3B39941FD8611FB4CB0DA755B"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Initial
designations</header><text>Egypt, Argentina, Pakistan, Bahrain, the
Philippines, Jordan, Thailand, Kuwait, and Morocco shall be deemed to have been
so designated by the President as of the date of the enactment of this Act, and
the President is not required to notify Congress of such designation of those
countries.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="HE54CDBCCC87244EBAE3A64618503852C"><enum>4410.</enum><header>Depleted
uranium ammunition</header>
<subsection id="H42D92EEAB5A94BCDB34509D5D0B2BBA7"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Prohibition</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Except as provided in subsection (b), none
of the funds made available to carry out this Act or any other Act may be made
available to facilitate in any way the sale of M833 or M900 antitank shells or
any comparable antitank shells containing a depleted uranium penetrating
component to any country other than a country that is a strategic United States
ally.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H83C7484E4B494FB694E6C7D62CD174F7"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Exception</header><text>The
prohibition in subsection (a) shall not apply with respect to the use of funds
to facilitate the sale of antitank shells to a country if the President
determines that to do so is in the national security interest of the United
States.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="H4B2BC10162A3413AAAE6A0492D9FFE6B"><enum>4411.</enum><header>Definitions</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">In this title:</text>
<paragraph id="HECAD03DED8564D7EA4A1501F7342CB39"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Appropriate
congressional committees</header><text>The term <term>appropriate congressional
committees</term> means—</text>
<subparagraph id="H67A1F928E24E47739A0BB08D8E532B33"><enum>(A)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the
Committee on Appropriations of the House of Representatives; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H2CA29CE2F3B843408F62BA4F07D8FE87"><enum>(B)</enum><text>the Committee on
Foreign Relations and the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H54038142D5734EB1AF4E0B1FEDA2EE0E"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Cash flow
financing</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The term <term>cash
flow financing</term> means the dollar amount of the difference between the
total estimated price of a Letter of Offer and Acceptance or other purchase
agreement that has been approved for financing under this title and the amount
of the financing that has been approved therefor.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HA6A3361F31D2481493E6ACDDF6804F85"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Category I space
launch vehicle system</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The
term “Category I space launch vehicle system” means a category I system as
defined in the MTCR Annex for the launching of payloads into outer space, as
well as the specially designed production facilities for these systems.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HC3E2C8B994044A8EA451B6D984E04621"><enum>(4)</enum><header>Defense
article</header>
<subparagraph id="H697A67A029F146ADA7F8922D45FB199C"><enum>(A)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>The term <term>defense article</term>—</text>
<clause id="H97C4403D102249ACA595B61727572C19"><enum>(i)</enum><text>includes—</text>
<subclause id="HFB9273369D2E43FD93C83CC9F934E178"><enum>(I)</enum><text>any weapon,
weapons system, munition, aircraft, vessel, boat, or other implement of war and
related technical data;</text>
</subclause><subclause id="HAA210FEFE71747C8BA27633A70FDDCF6"><enum>(II)</enum><text>any property,
installation, commodity, material, equipment, supply, or goods used for the
purposes of making military sales;</text>
</subclause><subclause id="H92BAAF1B912D4D98ABDFADB0B89E3021"><enum>(III)</enum><text>any machinery,
facility, tool, material, supply, or other item necessary for the manufacture,
production, processing, repair, servicing, storage, construction,
transportation, operation, or use of any article listed in this paragraph;
and</text>
</subclause><subclause id="H2A627523E5E14F88BC4A9073829D6BEC"><enum>(IV)</enum><text>any significant
component or part of any article listed in this paragraph that has been
specifically designed or significantly modified for a military application;
but</text>
</subclause></clause><clause id="H3E2026F2AC31437390FDB1B793B9250C"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>does not
include—</text>
<subclause id="HD90BB80D8F6849C98F2FBF462B765D5D"><enum>(I)</enum><text>merchant vessels;
or</text>
</subclause><subclause id="HBF4841B0BA03418C9CE7998696F51AA8"><enum>(II)</enum><text>source material
(except uranium depleted in the isotope 235 which is incorporated in defense
articles solely to take advantage of high density or pyrophoric characteristics
unrelated to radioactivity), byproduct material, special nuclear material,
production facilities, utilization facilities, or atomic weapons or articles
involving Restricted Data, as defined by the Atomic Energy Act of 1954.</text>
</subclause></clause></subparagraph><subparagraph id="H76D1442072604DDE8777F15642F03EC4"><enum>(B)</enum><header>Additional
terms</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">In subparagraph
(A)(i)(IV)—</text>
<clause id="H8F0914C7B1C1402489704DEE26A70D3E"><enum>(i)</enum><text>the
term <term>significant component or part</term> means a component or part that
is essential to a military function; and</text>
</clause><clause id="H5014611AE649426990D0DAB80BE30D9A"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>the
term <term>significantly modified</term> means a modification that constitutes
an alteration of 25 percent or greater of the component or part from a
non-military version.</text>
</clause></subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H6627609B5D8C419182D5F1961C91B750"><enum>(5)</enum><header>Defense
service</header>
<subparagraph id="H3D10698AADDB48DE95C6A86A9F2B246F"><enum>(A)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>The term <term>defense service</term>—</text>
<clause id="HBCC7B9ECB10C421BA794C0BAE1CF5171"><enum>(i)</enum><text>includes any
service, test, inspection, repair, training, publication, technical or other
assistance, or defense information used for the purposes of making military
sales; but</text>
</clause><clause id="H6776B0BE9013487087629C98E68F8A0F"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>does not include
design and construction services under section 4311.</text>
</clause></subparagraph><subparagraph id="H0DBDDC94D87A4C628DE85541C17B16A3"><enum>(B)</enum><header>Additional
term</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">In subparagraph (A)(i),
the term <term>defense information</term> includes any document, writing,
sketch, photograph, plan, model, specification, design, prototype, or other
recorded or oral information relating to any defense article or defense
service, but does not include Restricted Data as defined by the Atomic Energy
Act of 1954 and data removed from the Restricted Data category under section
142d of that Act.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="HC31C8E331CA241429466A568DA196D81"><enum>(6)</enum><header>Design and
construction services</header><text>The term <term>design and construction
services</term> means, with respect to sales under section 4251, the design and
construction of real property facilities, including necessary construction
equipment and materials, engineering services, construction contract management
services relating thereto, and technical advisory assistance in the operation
and maintenance of real property facilities provided or performed by the
Department of Defense or by a contractor pursuant to a contract with such
department or agency.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HDC2CC70A784941C8A19459482E7B83CF"><enum>(7)</enum><header>End
item</header><text>The term <term>end item</term> means an assembled article
that is ready for its intended use and for which only ammunition, fuel, or
another energy source is required to place the item in its operating
state.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H9488996A7474415791D018F76B55DFE6"><enum>(8)</enum><header>Excess defense
article</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The term <term>excess
defense article</term> means defense articles (other than construction
equipment, including tractors, scrapers, loaders, graders, bulldozers, dump
trucks, generators, and compressors) owned by the United States Government, and
not procured in anticipation of security assistance or sales requirements, or
pursuant to a security assistance or sales order, which is in excess of the
Approved Force Acquisition Objective and Approved Force Retention Stock of all
Department of Defense Components at the time such articles are dropped from
inventory by the supplying agency for delivery to countries or international
organizations under this Act.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HDED496803D3947A0B919D016C6B39921"><enum>(9)</enum><header>Incentive
payments</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The term
<term>incentive payments</term> means direct monetary compensation made by a
United States supplier of defense articles or defense services or by any
employee, agent, or subcontractor thereof to any other United States person to
induce or persuade that United States person to purchase or acquire goods or
services produced, manufactured, grown, or extracted, in whole or in part, in
the foreign country which is purchasing those defense articles or defense
services from the United States supplier.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HEF36B7909B1D46539094FDEE9B8C374A"><enum>(10)</enum><header>Major defense
equipment</header><text>The term <term>major defense equipment</term> means any
item of significant military equipment on the United States Munitions List
having a nonrecurring research and development cost of more than $50,000,000 or
a total production cost of more than $200,000,000.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H538D007B71DC477D93EB605E1374436C"><enum>(11)</enum><header>Major United
States ally</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The term
<term>major United States ally</term> means a country that is designated in
accordance with section 4409 as a major United States ally for purposes of this
Act.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H87A4819B3C1D469EB9CAF7F4558E21CE"><enum>(12)</enum><header>NATO/SHAPE
project</header><text>The term <term>NATO/SHAPE project</term> means a
common-funded project supported by allocated credits from North Atlantic Treaty
Organization bodies or by host nations with NATO Infrastructure funds.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H0BA6C67502DC4B61AA3F29BC6FA722A5"><enum>(13)</enum><header>Nuclear
explosive device</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The term
<term>nuclear explosive device</term> has the meaning given that term in
section 830(4) of the Nuclear Proliferation Prevention Act of 1994.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HC101729A7668401B96BC7CBFE8D77185"><enum>(14)</enum><header>Offset
agreement</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The term
<term>offset agreement</term> means an agreement, arrangement, or understanding
between a United States supplier of defense articles or defense services and a
foreign country under which the supplier agrees to purchase or acquire, or to
promote the purchase or acquisition by other United States persons of, goods or
services produced, manufactured, grown, or extracted, in whole or in part, in
that foreign country in consideration for the purchase by the foreign country
of defense articles or defense services from the supplier.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H6847C3670766443E859B316CBD63608B"><enum>(15)</enum><header>Security
assistance survey</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The term
<term>security assistance survey</term> means any survey or study conducted in
a foreign country by United States Government personnel for the purpose of
assessing the needs of that country for security assistance, and includes
defense requirement surveys, site surveys, general surveys or studies, and
engineering assessment surveys.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H11C4B93DF94D412AAE76C1C9A11EFB23"><enum>(16)</enum><header>Significant
military equipment</header><text>The term <term>significant military
equipment</term> means articles—</text>
<subparagraph id="H3F92D9BC78504656BBB6F00D3024BBF4"><enum>(A)</enum><text>for which special
export controls are warranted because of the capacity of such articles for
substantial military utility or capability; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HB59B393EF314400B84A4F5C65FA4FA89"><enum>(B)</enum><text>identified on the
United States Munitions List.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="HBBCCE6C5CD0F4416B82A9D7A8760ADB3"><enum>(17)</enum><header>Small arm or
light weapon</header><text>The term <term>small arm or light weapon</term>
means—</text>
<subparagraph id="H894E536C08914CC1A3EFEE696C9872D7"><enum>(A)</enum><text>an item listed in
Category I(a) of the United States Munitions List,</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HF73133B36FB242D49AD06F4E77559800"><enum>(B)</enum><text>an item listed in
Category III (as it applies to Category I(a)) of the United States Munitions
List, or</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H8A95B9F28E8341CC991B2591878FB908"><enum>(C)</enum><text>a grenade listed
in Category IV(a) of the United States Munitions List,</text>
</subparagraph><continuation-text continuation-text-level="paragraph">that
requires a license for international export under this title.</continuation-text></paragraph><paragraph id="HAC4CD1F5FD0F43789F8E3BB84922FB55"><enum>(18)</enum><header>Strategic
United States ally</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The term
<term>strategic United States ally</term> means any member country of the North
Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), Australia, Israel, Japan, the Republic of
Korea, or New Zealand.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H3D76453645A04C2286039A81A97EA4B0"><enum>(19)</enum><header>Training</header><text>The
term <term>training</term> includes formal or informal instruction of foreign
students in the United States or overseas by officers or employees of the
United States, contract technicians, or contractors (including instruction at
civilian institutions), or by correspondence courses, technical, educational,
or information publications and media of all kinds, training aid, orientation,
training exercise, and military advice to foreign military units and
forces.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H7181143E5FB9402E9887058C67DA3594"><enum>(20)</enum><header>United
States</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The term <term>United
States</term>, when used geographically, means the several States, the District
of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, the Commonwealth of the Northern
Mariana Islands, and any territory or possession of the United States.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HA99287A2BA8244EB82DF1B32E6CEDB8A"><enum>(21)</enum><header>Value</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The term <term>value</term> means, in the
case of an excess defense article, except as otherwise provided in section
4311(a), not less than the greater of—</text>
<subparagraph id="HE2DD61D02668493D918A205E3C00B075"><enum>(A)</enum><text>the gross cost
incurred by the United States Government in repairing, rehabilitating, or
modifying such article, plus the scrap value; or</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HBA1CDCD8AC7340DFA1D9C63C2987A56D"><enum>(B)</enum><text>the market value,
if ascertainable.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H363E150708BE4D0E8BD00BF805CE4EB4"><enum>(22)</enum><header>Weapon system
partnership agreement</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The
term <term>weapon system partnership agreement</term> means an agreement
between two or more member countries of the Maintenance and Supply Agency of
the North Atlantic Treaty Organization that—</text>
<subparagraph id="H7B874FA7FEF449DD9DD4951E66B71A41"><enum>(A)</enum><text>is entered into
pursuant to the terms of the Charter of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization;
and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HDF357FEFD4D6491FBB3029933DF6ECD4"><enum>(B)</enum><text>is for the common
logistic support of a specific weapon system common to the participating
countries.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H919E847AC2E446BEBA28810337A6AA78"><enum>(23)</enum><header>Weapons of mass
destruction</header><text>The term <term>weapons of mass destruction</term> has
the meaning given such term in section 1403(1) of the Defense Against Weapons
of Mass Destruction Act of 1996 (title XIV of Public Law 104–201; 110 Stat.
2717; 50 U.S.C. 2302(1)).</text>
</paragraph></section></subtitle><enum>V</enum><header>Countering
Transnational Threats</header>
<subtitle id="HCC9C52F3BBC34D03A4FF2327EA33DE17"><enum>A</enum><header>Nonproliferation
authorities </header>
<chapter id="HB0A7FC708AA04BEC99F8B320AFF1E237"><enum>1</enum><header>Nuclear
nonproliferation</header>
<section id="H1FF2CEC73A62403382430EE9E307C287"><enum>5111.</enum><header>Authorization
of assistance to prohibit the proliferation of nuclear, chemical, and
biological weapons</header>
<subsection id="HCC08A75594994A2F85BEE306404E65BE"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Authorization of
assistance</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The President is
authorized to provide, on such terms and conditions as the President may
determine, foreign assistance to any country or organization in order to carry
out the purposes described in subsection (b).</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H77EA231E40A24476BAD2D2329BCDC576"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Purposes</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The purposes of assistance under this
section are to prohibit the proliferation of nuclear, chemical, and biological
weapons and the means to deliver such weapons, through support of activities
designed—</text>
<paragraph id="HA1CB87E3F02E4D988EA8DC700DB0E9D0"><enum>(1)</enum><text>to enhance the
nonproliferation capabilities of a country or organization by providing
training and equipment to detect, deter, monitor, interdict, and counter
proliferation;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H8528654FFF3F49BF8AB24C042639D46F"><enum>(2)</enum><text>to strengthen the
bilateral ties of the United States with a country or organization by offering
assistance in this area of vital national security interest;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H27EB9F87756D4C4EBFC0198E6F452D3C"><enum>(3)</enum><text>to accomplish the
activities and objectives set forth in sections 503 and 504 of the FREEDOM
Support Act (22 U.S.C. 5853 and 5854), without regard to the limitation of
those sections to the independent states of the former Soviet Union; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H99548B972DA542D78B2ACBA794BE433A"><enum>(4)</enum><text>to promote
multilateral activities, including cooperation with international
organizations, relating to nonproliferation.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H59107E5AA2CE488DA7318A079F7BC26A"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Activities
supported</header><text>Assistance under this section may include training
services and the provision of funds, equipment, and other commodities related
to the detection, deterrence, monitoring, interdiction, and prevention or
countering of proliferation, the establishment of effective nonproliferation
laws and regulations, and the apprehension of those individuals involved in
acts of proliferation of such weapons.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="H6ABCC67504AB48A488AEAF5FBB763C2E"><enum>5112.</enum><header>Education and
training to enhance nonproliferation and export control capabilities</header>
<subsection id="HCB4DB0D03C2747B4971E715FD8E3CC56"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The Secretary is
authorized to provide education and training to appropriate military and
civilian personnel of foreign countries for the purpose of enhancing the
nonproliferation and export control capabilities of such personnel through
their attendance in special courses of instruction conducted by the United
States. Such education and training may be provided on such terms and
conditions as the Secretary may determine and consistent with this subtitle but
whenever feasible on a reimbursable basis.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H7DD4948F7E554377B00C8FF2FD6FD78C"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Administration
of courses</header><text>The Secretary shall have overall responsibility for
the development and conduct of international nonproliferation education and
training programs under this section, and may utilize other Federal agencies,
as appropriate, to recommend personnel for the education and training programs
and to administer specific courses of instruction.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HD17CEE9FF8D145AD94485AEF42169176"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Purposes</header><text>Education
and training activities conducted under this section shall be—</text>
<paragraph id="H09885CDE08F84475BDC0BF296579DE3D"><enum>(1)</enum><text>of a technical
nature, emphasizing techniques for detecting, deterring, monitoring,
interdicting, and countering proliferation;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HC117CD6090A2419F981809FBD7DA6076"><enum>(2)</enum><text>designed to
encourage effective and mutually beneficial relations and increased
understanding between the United States and other countries; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H3E15D71865CD4308B0FE3CC7F486118C"><enum>(3)</enum><text>designed to
improve the ability of other countries to utilize their resources with maximum
effectiveness, thereby contributing to greater self-reliance by such
countries.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H080237D93FC3499F80D7A6AF539CD02A"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Priority to
certain countries</header><text>In selecting personnel for education and
training programs under this section, priority should be given to personnel
from countries determined by the Secretary to be countries frequently transited
by proliferation-related shipments of cargo.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="H756B09E7C07743AA8776BB006D92F0E6"><enum>5113.</enum><header>Opposition of
withdrawal from Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons</header>
<subsection id="H9928F48B74044F6A8C995FFD21DBD2BD"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Statement of
policy</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">It is the policy of
the United States to oppose the withdrawal of any country that is a party to
the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (hereinafter in this
section referred to as the <quote>Treaty</quote>) and to use all political,
economic, and diplomatic means at its disposal to deter, prevent, and sanction
any such withdrawal from the Treaty.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H40A2653A8A604C38B108128E3D3442EE"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Limitation on
assistance</header>
<paragraph id="HFD23CBBC62DF42B2AAB716E4BAB44CD2"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Notwithstanding any
other provision of law, no foreign assistance (other than humanitarian
assistance) under any provision of law may be provided to a country that has
withdrawn from the Treaty.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HB40A1CE00DA4426EBC9D778128D04A07"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Waiver</header><text>The
President may waive the requirements of paragraph (1) on a case-by-case basis
if the President determines and notifies the appropriate congressional
committees that such waiver is in the vital national security interest of the
United States.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HC56FEB2CA9784553A1AE5D606C92B5BB"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Return of all
United States-Origin materials and equipment</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The United States shall seek the return of
any material, equipment or components transferred under an Agreement for Civil
Nuclear Cooperation that is in force pursuant to the authority of section 123
of the Atomic Energy Act of 1954 on or after the date of the enactment of this
Act, and any special fissionable material produced through the use of such
material, equipment or components, previously provided to a country that
withdraws from the Treaty.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="H05144460EB90421E874ECFA91F93C9EB"><enum>5114.</enum><header>Matters
relating to International Atomic Energy Agency</header>
<subsection id="HB5342F40C4ED4F349844EEAE31065189"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Payment of
United States dues</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Not later
than January 31, 2014, and January 31 of each succeeding year, the United
States shall pay its full assessed contribution to the regular operating budget
of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA).</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HC75CBB8068F8409EAB924C49C9AFC3DB"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Additional
Protocol as a criterion for United States assistance</header>
<paragraph id="H0793D667A0124FB287500E8596B0E27F"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Statement of
policy</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">It is the policy of
the United States to ensure that each country that is a party to the Treaty on
the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons should bring into force an Additional
Protocol to its safeguards agreement with the IAEA.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HD77D3EC42A8C4AB79CAAEC8B2B24AC32"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Criterion for
assistance</header><text>The United States shall, when considering the
provision of assistance under this Act, take into consideration whether the
proposed recipient has in force an Additional Protocol to its safeguards
agreement with the IAEA.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section id="H459C62A510204FF9AD43F04297FD8071"><enum>5115.</enum><header>Arms Control
and Nonproliferation Scholarship Program</header>
<subsection id="H781D76986832413B91D43C7F0E64C8AF"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Establishment</header>
<paragraph id="HDAEF90657930434D85E7697B608EAD8A"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>The Secretary shall establish a scholarship program (to
be known as the <quote>Arms Control and Nonproliferation Scholarship
Program</quote>) to award scholarships for the purpose of recruiting and
preparing students for civilian careers in the fields of nonproliferation, arms
control, and international security to meet the critical needs of the
Department of State.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HBE5C4629E8B74BD4807F535B1B4390AC"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Selection of
recipients</header>
<subparagraph id="HA1202FCEACF946F684728CEAB4FDBE3C"><enum>(A)</enum><header>Merit and
department needs</header><text>Individuals shall be selected to receive
scholarships under this section through a competitive process primarily on the
basis of academic merit and the arms control and nonproliferation needs of the
Department of State.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H30FFE6203A284359B690C4885448FB19"><enum>(B)</enum><header>Demonstrated
commitment</header><text>Individuals selected under this section shall have a
demonstrated interest in public service and a commitment to the field of study
for which the scholarship is awarded.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H517CC297D0DF4AC783AE6AFF29F40FC9"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Contractual
agreements</header><text>In order to carry out the scholarship program, the
Secretary shall enter into contractual agreements with individuals selected
under paragraph (2) pursuant to which such individuals agree to serve as
full-time employees of the Department of State following achievement of the
specified degree, for a period to be determined by the Secretary, not to exceed
6 years, in arms control and nonproliferation positions needed by the
Department of State and for which the individuals are qualified, in exchange
for receiving a scholarship.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HA98F81426B9847D39043F13C9E05C730"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Eligibility</header><text>Except
as provided in subsection (f), in order to be eligible to participate in the
scholarship program, an individual shall—</text>
<paragraph id="H1CF72240305C4EA192E31DD36B426E0A"><enum>(1)</enum><text>be enrolled or
accepted for enrollment as a full-time student at an institution of higher
education and be pursuing or intend to pursue an undergraduate or graduate
education degree in an academic field or discipline specified in the list made
available under subsection (d); and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H1501B31D3CD34DB5BA10E8AB12B4D541"><enum>(2)</enum><text>be a United States
citizen.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HD2DFC0F63FA74B21A5344EEB731BF883"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Application</header><text>An
individual seeking a scholarship under this section shall submit to the
Secretary an application at such time, in such manner, and containing such
information, agreements, or assurances as the Secretary may require.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H67B962ADBB864F1CB3383CE2A7C59F2C"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Programs and
fields of study</header><text>The Secretary shall make publicly available a
list of academic programs and fields of study for which scholarships under this
section may be awarded.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H9D54D8AD5A964B68891E3E8B56097A1A"><enum>(e)</enum><header>Scholarships</header>
<paragraph id="H3902857D40AC455280B80267CBC75A52"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>The Secretary may award a scholarship under this section
for an academic year if the individual applying for the scholarship has
submitted to the Secretary, as part of the application required under
subsection (c), a proposed academic program leading to a degree in a program or
field of study specified on the list made available under subsection
(d).</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H4F213CE708254425A0FBD7D0EB8F63FA"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Limitation on
years</header><text>An individual may not receive a scholarship under this
section for more than 4 academic years, unless the Secretary grants a
waiver.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H7A953CEAF33443D3AE32AA68DA56A432"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Student
responsibilities</header><text>A scholarship recipient shall maintain
satisfactory academic progress for purposes of continued participation in the
scholarship program.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HC5CD4F5D07A54AF794BA10D2F8F420EE"><enum>(4)</enum><header>Amount</header><text>The
dollar amount of a scholarship awarded under this section for an academic year
shall be determined under regulations issued by the Secretary, but shall in no
case exceed the cost of tuition, fees, and other authorized expenses as
determined by the Secretary.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HD433D766D2924CA78D06783419773BF7"><enum>(5)</enum><header>Use of
scholarships</header><text>A scholarship awarded under this section may be
expended for tuition, fees, and other authorized expenses as established by the
Secretary by regulation.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H83B3DE20E08D49838CD0239801DDD899"><enum>(6)</enum><header>Payment to
institution of higher education</header><text>The Secretary may enter into a
contractual agreement with an institution of higher education under which the
amounts provided for a scholarship under this section for tuition, fees, and
other authorized expenses are paid directly to the institution with respect to
which such scholarship is awarded.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HB12602BF4C414813A308FC51CB03BD7E"><enum>(f)</enum><header>Special
consideration for current employees</header><text>Notwithstanding subsection
(b), up to 5 percent of the scholarships awarded under this section may be set
aside for individuals who are Federal employees on the date of the enactment of
this Act to enhance the education of such employees in areas of critical arms
control or nonproliferation needs of the Department of State, for undergraduate
or graduate education through enrollment in a graduate degree program under the
scholarship on a full-time or part-time basis.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HF1A7ECA7D83E4EBAB1E768F605AEC000"><enum>(g)</enum><header>Repayment</header>
<paragraph id="HA3FE5EAAB2C54CD5A96B747F043BF714"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>A scholarship recipient who fails to maintain a high
level of academic standing, as defined by the Secretary who is dismissed for
disciplinary reasons from the educational institution such recipient is
attending, or who voluntarily terminates academic training before graduation
from the educational program for which the scholarship was awarded shall be in
breach of the contractual agreement under subsection (a)(3) and, in lieu of any
service obligation arising under such agreement, shall be liable to the United
States for repayment within 1 year after the date of such default of all
scholarship funds paid to such recipient and to the institution of higher
education on the behalf of such recipient under such agreement. The repayment
period may be extended by the Secretary if the Secretary determines such
extension to be necessary, as established by regulation.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H8DBB1628CDF64118BEF282DC43BE5247"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Liability</header><text>A
scholarship recipient who, for any reason, fails to begin or complete the
service obligation under the contractual agreement under subsection (a)(3)
after completion of academic training, or fails to comply with the terms and
conditions of deferment established by the Secretary under paragraph (1), shall
be in breach of such contractual agreement and shall be liable to the United
States for an amount equal to—</text>
<subparagraph id="HA6AFF04004014F91B991355E722A0320"><enum>(A)</enum><text>the total amount
of the scholarship received by such recipient under this section; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H5A2D87BCC0FB42BD860895A0EBA57354"><enum>(B)</enum><text>the total amount
of interest that would have been payable under a direct unsubsidized loan
issued through the Department of Education’s Direct Loan Program.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H9F3E9759E5B9404F84F4A5D21F97BC34"><enum>(h)</enum><header>Regulations</header><text>The
Secretary shall prescribe regulations necessary to carry out this
section.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H63B8EE6DF0D14A3CBD81E9C29C1CEA9F"><enum>(i)</enum><header>Conversion</header><text>The
Secretary is authorized to convert the status of a scholarship recipient to a
member of the Foreign Service, as defined in section 103 of the Foreign Service
Act of 1980, following the successful completion of the period of service
described in subsection (a)(3).</text>
</subsection></section><section id="HD8F49D18B0F34E29A2B0E6A6A4599E54"><enum>5116.</enum><header>Arms Control
and Nonproliferation Rotation Program</header>
<subsection id="H5DCCF129F1FD41D09EEF0FECA1E733C5"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Establishment</header><text>The
Secretary, in consultation with the heads of other relevant Federal agencies,
shall establish the Arms Control and Nonproliferation Rotation Program (in this
section referred to as the <quote>Rotation Program</quote>) for personnel of
such agencies. The Rotation Program shall use applicable best practices,
including those prescribed by the Chief Human Capital Officers Council.
Personnel of a relevant Federal agency participating in the Rotation Program
may be detailed to any other relevant Federal agency on a nonreimbursable
basis.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H7BBBD2B55E644BAB956316CE8C7F38F8"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Goals</header><text>The
Rotation Program shall—</text>
<paragraph id="HC14F43B6A2EC474EA7B7EB01EDA3B789"><enum>(1)</enum><text>be established in
accordance with the human capital strategic plan of the Department of
State;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H377756DDB00A46B787049B1684B7F30F"><enum>(2)</enum><text>provide midlevel
personnel of relevant Federal agencies the opportunity to broaden their
knowledge through exposure to other relevant Federal agencies, including to
other bureaus and offices of the Department of State;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H91208E719538493FB24EA235AA655956"><enum>(3)</enum><text>expand the
knowledge base of the Department of State and other relevant Federal
agencies;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H5242CC828C544964BECDC65592B32FD8"><enum>(4)</enum><text>build professional
relationships and contacts among employees of relevant Federal agencies;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HCD9C86BAFC754B4F8F3FCBCC9E12C664"><enum>(5)</enum><text>invigorate the
Department of State’s arms control and nonproliferation workforce with
professionally rewarding opportunities; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HE1009B8122514FCC9DFBDD4D94EC7457"><enum>(6)</enum><text>incorporate human
capital strategic plans and activities of the Department of State, and address
critical human capital deficiencies, professional development, recruitment and
retention efforts, and succession planning within the Department of
State.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H3A92E57705984AF1AA7A36B20506E55F"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Responsibilities</header><text>The
Secretary shall—</text>
<paragraph id="H241374C710BC4AC798940A40854718E0"><enum>(1)</enum><text>provide oversight
of the establishment and implementation of the Rotation Program;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H2D043312BEEE478E92262272AC0340A1"><enum>(2)</enum><text>establish a
framework that supports the goals of the Rotation Program and promotes cross
disciplinary rotational opportunities;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HF0C9282365AA44D2ACB777D43EF352F3"><enum>(3)</enum><text>establish
eligibility for personnel of other relevant agencies to participate in the
Rotation Program and select participants from among the applicants;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HFF74DF8620B648FDA5D1CA550E03A3EA"><enum>(4)</enum><text>establish
incentives for personnel to participate in the Rotation Program, including
through promotions and employment preferences;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HAAF430AE857E4A338CA391120441258F"><enum>(5)</enum><text>ensure that the
Rotation Program provides professional education and training;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H16288E02C6BA407588562C721D83B234"><enum>(6)</enum><text>ensure that the
Rotation Program develops qualified employees and future leaders with broad
based experience throughout the Department of State; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H80CB34C06C734A79B3E5A376E621FF24"><enum>(7)</enum><text>provide for
greater interaction among employees of relevant Federal agencies.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H02E4A1AF08C84D659516250D5FFA8BDA"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Allowances,
privileges, and benefits</header><text>All allowances, privileges, rights,
seniority, and other benefits of personnel participating in the Rotation
Program shall be preserved.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H44331996D93C441A87D1F15ED1F62F36"><enum>(e)</enum><header>Reporting</header><text>Not
later than 1 year after the date of the establishment of the Rotation Program,
the Secretary shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees and the
Committee on Armed Services of the House of Representatives and the Committee
on Armed Services of the Senate a report on the status of the Rotation Program,
including a description of the Rotation Program, the number of individuals
participating, and how the Rotation Program is used in succession planning and
leadership development.</text>
</subsection><subsection commented="no" id="HEB8D25562E8D4B979F556CF06112755D"><enum>(f)</enum><header>Definition</header><text>For
the purposes of this section, the term <term>relevant Federal agency</term>
means the Department of State and any other Federal agency that is involved in
United States arms control and nonproliferation activities.</text>
</subsection></section></chapter><chapter id="H7528E957A8EE49BEA2861ACC4BA4BF23"><enum>2</enum><header>Missile
nonproliferation</header>
<section id="H6EF4A2ABD4BE4B31990F2E9B9CC5F1A4"><enum>5121.</enum><header>Licensing</header>
<subsection id="H128C8EEADECA4F6CABC5B27020BFB331"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Establishment of
list of controlled items</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The
Secretary, in consultation with the Secretary of Defense and the heads of other
appropriate Federal agencies, shall establish and maintain, as part of the
United States Munitions List, a list of all items on the Missile Technology
Control Regime (MTCR) Annex the export of which is not controlled under section
6(l) of the Export Administration Act of 1979 (as continued in effect under the
International Emergency Economic Powers Act).</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HB632ECC765494CF796DD482F6B8119CD"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Referral of
license applications</header>
<paragraph display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HB970343A169F496FB84F084AB57168CC"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>A determination of the Secretary to approve a license for
the export of an item on the list established under subsection (a) may be made
only after the license application is referred to the Secretary of
Defense.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H9C95F9808BE44B61886E0732FE4F305C"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Coordination</header><text>Not
later than 10 days after a license is issued for the export of an item on the
list established under subsection (a), the Secretary shall provide to the
Secretary of Defense and the Secretary of Commerce the license application and
accompanying documents issued to the applicant, to the extent that the relevant
Secretary indicates the need to receive such application and documents.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H7DF2E6491F854A5C874A05DB3FF0D640"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Information
sharing</header><text>The Secretary shall establish a procedure for sharing
information with appropriate officials of the intelligence community, as
determined by the Director of National Intelligence, and with other appropriate
Federal departments and agencies, that will ensure effective monitoring of
transfers of MTCR equipment or technology and other missile technology.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HE1E85A40D59A45519734CD7B6B0DE550"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Exports to space
launch vehicle programs</header><text>Not later than 15 days after the issuance
of a license (including any brokering license) for the export of items valued
at less than $50,000,000 that are controlled under this Act pursuant to United
States obligations under the MTCR and are goods or services that are intended
to support the design, utilization, development, or production of a space
launch vehicle system listed in Category I of the MTCR Annex, the Secretary
shall transmit to the Congress a report describing the licensed export and
rationale for approving such export, including the consistency of such export
with United States missile nonproliferation policy. The requirement contained
in the preceding sentence shall not apply to licenses for exports to countries
that were members of the MTCR as of April 17, 1987.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="HB321350CD04246FFAED0FC44DA70B018"><enum>5122.</enum><header>Denial of the
transfer of missile equipment or technology by United States persons</header>
<subsection id="H0271A0619A774C8E8318516633ECD357"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Sanctions</header>
<paragraph display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H0EAEEA7A965E49F7B8EDA5D3A0EC0FED"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>If the President determines that a United States person
knowingly—</text>
<subparagraph id="HA92F57A99B8044A5953EB01F761C26E4"><enum>(A)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">exports, transfers, or otherwise engages in
the trade of any item on the MTCR Annex, in violation of the provisions of
section 4311 of this Act, section 5 or 6 of the Export Administration Act of
1979 (as continued in effect under the International Emergency Economic Powers
Act), or any regulations or orders issued under any such provisions of
law,</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HDF61585F4B554442AA7E41E0F185CCBA"><enum>(B)</enum><text>conspires to or
attempts to engage in such export, transfer, or trade, or</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H46BF37CA4DAC48488291E8BF4F2F23B8"><enum>(C)</enum><text>facilitates such
export, transfer, or trade by any other person,</text>
</subparagraph><continuation-text continuation-text-level="paragraph">then the
President shall impose the applicable sanctions described in paragraph
(2).</continuation-text></paragraph><paragraph id="HA9FB3018A49D4413A48747245A9A81C5"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Applicable
sanctions</header><text>The sanctions which apply to a United States person
under paragraph (1) are the following:</text>
<subparagraph id="H877A8E97B2E34810951FEC8DDF9F0642"><enum>(A)</enum><text>If the item on the
MTCR Annex involved in the export, transfer, or trade is missile equipment or
technology within category II of the MTCR Annex, then the President shall deny
to such United States person for a period of 2 years—</text>
<clause id="H2EAC6F47BE034AAC8869ED1A498988FA"><enum>(i)</enum><text>United States
Government contracts relating to missile equipment or technology; and</text>
</clause><clause id="HF060A105C63F43FAB03C0F2F38A736B4"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>licenses for the
transfer of missile equipment or technology controlled under this Act.</text>
</clause></subparagraph><subparagraph id="HC6D69CDF4DFE4D6BB9FC3A7B89B39284"><enum>(B)</enum><text>If the item on the
MTCR Annex involved in the export, transfer, or trade is missile equipment or
technology within category I of the MTCR Annex, then the President shall deny
to such United States person for a period of not less than 2 years—</text>
<clause id="H1E567579994F408A95DDDB10B0A3124A"><enum>(i)</enum><text>all
United States Government contracts, and</text>
</clause><clause id="H9B98D5581C064A369A00DECE48F5A577"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>all
export licenses and agreements for items on the United States Munitions
List.</text>
</clause></subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H825691A2245443249540505BA433C6A0"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Discretionary
sanctions</header><text>In the case of any determination made pursuant to
subsection (a), the President may pursue any penalty provided in section
4372.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HA0E2D1F2854D4EB29065A5346860FD8D"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Presumption</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">In determining whether to apply sanctions
under subsection (a) to a United States person involved in the export,
transfer, or trade of an item on the MTCR Annex, it should be a rebuttable
presumption that such item is designed for use in a missile listed in the MTCR
Annex if the President determines that the final destination of the item is a
country the government of which the Secretary has determined, for purposes of
6(j)(1)(A) of the Export Administration Act of 1979 (as continued in effect
under the International Emergency Economic Powers Act), has repeatedly provided
support for acts of international terrorism (as such term is defined in section
10401(h)).</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H625CC31916134FA38BC07DE8FC8A51B6"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Waiver</header><text>The
President may waive the imposition of sanctions under subsection (a) with
respect to a product or service if the President certifies to Congress
that—</text>
<paragraph id="H61BC97EC2D6141FDB0B61E7CA5E28F84"><enum>(1)</enum><text>the product or
service is essential to the national security of the United States; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HFAFDDB90B6614740B4B9971C1875756C"><enum>(2)</enum><text>such person is a
sole source supplier of the product or service, the product or service is not
available from any alternative reliable supplier, and the need for the product
or service cannot be met in a timely manner by improved manufacturing processes
or technological developments.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section id="H7F4AB5DB820B451B814962089642BD84"><enum>5123.</enum><header>Transfers of
missile equipment or technology by foreign persons</header>
<subsection id="HA301ACEE27FC4E19819D88C41C82FD5A"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Sanctions</header>
<paragraph display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HA25C0511687E4ACE99035DAA33A858A6"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>Subject to subsections (c) through (g), if the President
determines that a foreign person, after the date of the enactment of this Act,
knowingly—</text>
<subparagraph id="H747C4617EE94439BB3B9ED546EC55056"><enum>(A)</enum><text>exports,
transfers, or otherwise engages in the trade of any MTCR equipment or
technology that contributes to the acquisition, design, development, or
production of missiles in a country that is not an MTCR adherent and would be,
if it were United States-origin equipment or technology, subject to the
jurisdiction of the United States under this Act,</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H25519BC984C549098C18A2269E465587"><enum>(B)</enum><text>conspires to or
attempts to engage in such export, transfer, or trade, or</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HA046C09359D5437F9A62F5EE4BBB92D8"><enum>(C)</enum><text>facilitates such
export, transfer, or trade by any other person,</text>
</subparagraph><continuation-text continuation-text-level="paragraph">or if the
President has made a determination with respect to a foreign person under
section 11B(b)(1) of the Export Administration Act of 1979 (as continued in
effect under the International Emergency Economic Powers Act), then the
President shall impose on that foreign person the applicable sanctions
described in paragraph (2).</continuation-text></paragraph><paragraph id="HB4DE17362E0C47A78135A703739BC344"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Applicable
sanctions</header><text>The sanctions which apply to a foreign person under
paragraph (1) are the following:</text>
<subparagraph id="H2C9145EA579F49B6916B388C5F2681FD"><enum>(A)</enum><text>If the item
involved in the export, transfer, or trade is within category II of the MTCR
Annex, then the President shall deny, for a period of 2 years—</text>
<clause id="H931E676D04F246D28C0CF7BB3AD37DC1"><enum>(i)</enum><text>United States
Government contracts relating to missile equipment or technology; and</text>
</clause><clause id="H100F91FA68394F72948CB4361D7721E8"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>licenses for the
transfer to such foreign person of missile equipment or technology controlled
under this Act.</text>
</clause></subparagraph><subparagraph id="H3109456F89E44674800350F49824207B"><enum>(B)</enum><text>If the item
involved in the export, transfer, or trade is within category I of the MTCR
Annex, then the President shall deny, for a period of not less than 2
years—</text>
<clause id="H3F5CD31A647B49E6A055905416EA54F3"><enum>(i)</enum><text>all
United States Government contracts with such foreign person; and</text>
</clause><clause id="H2684C7458E5E44DA9A2B5D8792110595"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>licenses for the
transfer to such foreign person of all items on the United States Munitions
List.</text>
</clause></subparagraph><subparagraph id="H2BDB83EA6F8841E79C980215EE0AD5E7"><enum>(C)</enum><text>If, in addition to
actions taken under subparagraphs (A) and (B), the President determines that
the export, transfer, or trade has substantially contributed to the design,
development, or production of missiles in a country that is not an MTCR
adherent, then the President shall prohibit, for a period of not less than 2
years, the importation into the United States of products produced by that
foreign person.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H8923798DC1C2499A854A85CF2F71C40F"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Inapplicability
With Respect to MTCR Adherents</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Subsection (a) does not apply with respect
to—</text>
<paragraph id="HD8DC94AE6F304FFE877A4F250D6BDFC9"><enum>(1)</enum><text>any export,
transfer, or trading activity that is authorized by the laws of an MTCR
adherent, if such authorization is not obtained by misrepresentation or fraud;
or</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H46D329CB3E2141B9A198DFC3C984F190"><enum>(2)</enum><text>any export,
transfer, or trade of an item to an end user in a country that is an MTCR
adherent.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H24DA479E39D147FF85F75397804AECB2"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Effect of
enforcement actions by MTCR adherents</header><text>Sanctions set forth in
subsection (a) may not be imposed under this section on a person with respect
to acts described in such subsection or, if such sanctions are in effect
against a person on account of such acts, such sanctions shall be terminated,
if an MTCR adherent is taking judicial or other enforcement action against that
person with respect to such acts, or that person has been found by the
government of an MTCR adherent to be innocent of wrongdoing with respect to
such acts, and if the President certifies to the appropriate congressional
committees that—</text>
<paragraph id="HB7443553950C4BCC82FF0131DA29234A"><enum>(1)</enum><text>for any judicial
or other enforcement action taken by the MTCR adherent, such action has—</text>
<subparagraph id="H3D727315E0644005B0EA7119BF9F83F1"><enum>(A)</enum><text>been
comprehensive; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HFFBAC48AED6D47BA93F5BDD274D181A4"><enum>(B)</enum><text>been performed to
the satisfaction of the United States; and</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H60184EA5777A45BBB854EDF893B4DC77"><enum>(2)</enum><text>with respect to
any finding of innocence of wrongdoing, the United States is satisfied with the
basis for such finding.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H4B7166B81B0A4A568C00D4962D4BFB68"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Advisory
opinions</header><text>The Secretary, in consultation with the Secretary of
Defense and the Secretary of Commerce, may, upon the request of any person,
issue an advisory opinion to that person as to whether a proposed activity by
that person would subject that person to sanctions under this section. Any
person who relies in good faith on such an advisory opinion which states that
the proposed activity would not subject a person to such sanctions, and any
person who thereafter engages in such activity, may not be made subject to such
sanctions on account of such activity.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H660196F9F59E4E8DB77317463A06A155"><enum>(e)</enum><header>Waiver and
report to congress</header>
<paragraph display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HDBAB1D5355BF4FE68A95E78715E1D5CD"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>In any case other than one in which an advisory opinion
has been issued under subsection (d) stating that a proposed activity would not
subject a person to sanctions under this section, the President may waive the
application of subsection (a) to a foreign person if the President determines
that such waiver is essential to the national security of the United
States.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HB78EF32514264CE3AEFDDC786A49CEAC"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Notification</header><text>In
the event that the President decides to apply the waiver described in paragraph
(1), the President shall so notify the Committee on Armed Services and the
Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate and the Committee on Armed
Services and the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives
not less than 45 working days before issuing the waiver. Such notification
shall include a report fully articulating the rationale and circumstances which
led the President to apply the waiver.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H85AD559E21DF4FEDB8863C8F32A5BCE4"><enum>(f)</enum><header>Presumption</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">In determining whether to apply sanctions
under subsection (a) to a foreign person involved in the export, transfer, or
trade of an item on the MTCR Annex, it should be a rebuttable presumption that
such item is designed for use in a missile listed in the MTCR Annex if the
President determines that the final destination of the item is a country the
government of which the Secretary has determined, for purposes of 6(j)(1)(A) of
the Export Administration Act of 1979 (as continued in effect under the
International Emergency Economic Powers Act), has repeatedly provided support
for acts of international terrorism (as such term is defined in section
10401(h)).</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H8C7014DA51ED4353AE24030DC095A4A4"><enum>(g)</enum><header>Additional
waiver</header><text>The President may waive the imposition of sanctions under
subsection (a) on a person with respect to a product or service if the
President certifies to the Congress that—</text>
<paragraph id="HB2C66A51C9A94815AEB39BAA8CAFCE47"><enum>(1)</enum><text>the product or
service is essential to the national security of the United States; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HD6D96596871C43B784881ED5D190D1B6"><enum>(2)</enum><text>such person is a
sole source supplier of the product or service, the product or service is not
available from any alternative reliable supplier, and the need for the product
or service cannot be met in a timely manner by improved manufacturing processes
or technological developments.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H4DBA53F429604A279865F11F7ED28AC4"><enum>(h)</enum><header>Exceptions</header><text>The
President shall not apply the sanction under this section prohibiting the
importation of the products of a foreign person—</text>
<paragraph id="H340843A3D6664CAAAFED30FC2A43CB28"><enum>(1)</enum><text>in the case of
procurement of defense articles or defense services—</text>
<subparagraph id="H0BC1D621D59248AC8F71B93B26DABF34"><enum>(A)</enum><text>under existing
contracts or subcontracts, including the exercise of options for production
quantities to satisfy requirements essential to the national security of the
United States;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H2C2171995A3642DBA391CC935B872CA9"><enum>(B)</enum><text>if the President
determines that the person to which the sanctions would be applied is a sole
source supplier of the defense articles and defense services, that the defense
articles or defense services are essential to the national security of the
United States, and that alternative sources are not readily or reasonably
available; or</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H6EC9F594C06D4C6E917AE8F2EFA17E26"><enum>(C)</enum><text>if the President
determines that such articles or services are essential to the national
security of the United States under defense coproduction agreements or NATO
Programs of Cooperation;</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H59BB39B0A384433D9FBC6D14B2080F43"><enum>(2)</enum><text>to products or
services provided under contracts entered into before the date on which the
President publishes his intention to impose the sanctions; or</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H4AEAD335583F4786B0ADBCDEAC159CEF"><enum>(3)</enum><text>to—</text>
<subparagraph id="H2318CE94AB0148C4917CCEEACD66CF2B"><enum>(A)</enum><text>spare
parts,</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H1D1BC79746FC440F921564C4F06A7805"><enum>(B)</enum><text>component parts,
but not finished products, essential to United States products or
production,</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H95DE88A63CF04B52A09908CAEC6218CD"><enum>(C)</enum><text>routine services
and maintenance of products, to the extent that alternative sources are not
readily or reasonably available; or</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H0FB053FA1B2E4BBC8DA31DB98F1860EC"><enum>(D)</enum><text>information and
technology essential to United States products or production.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></subsection></section><section id="H3774EDDC590342D6825FF62A450EEBBD"><enum>5124.</enum><header>Notification
of admittance of MTCR adherents</header>
<subsection id="H5D2DE3269B574E199CBF2E397358A001"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Policy
report</header><text>Following any action by the United States that results in
a country becoming a MTCR adherent, the President shall transmit promptly to
the Congress a report which describes the rationale for such action, together
with an assessment of that country’s nonproliferation policies, practices, and
commitments. Such report shall also include the text of any agreements or
understandings between the United States and such country regarding the terms
and conditions of the country’s adherence to the MTCR.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HF02E392AE9034B5BB0AF4DBDBF2512A4"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Intelligence
assessment report</header><text>At such times that a report is transmitted
pursuant to subsection (a), the Director of National Intelligence shall
promptly prepare and submit to Congress a separate report containing any
credible information indicating that the country described in subsection (a)
has engaged in any activity identified under subparagraph (A), (B), or (C) of
section 5123(a)(1) within the previous two years.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="HA07C6F198DE2453F810499C3DDC56624"><enum>5125.</enum><header>Authority
relating to MTCR adherents</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">Notwithstanding section 5123(b), the
President may take the actions under section 5123(a)(2) under the circumstances
described in section 5126(b)(2).</text>
</section><section id="H96A994D6FF844DB7BA38628859841920"><enum>5126.</enum><header>Definitions</header>
<subsection id="H19219132DA594B7FA4B95DB508B7A6B7"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>In this chapter—</text>
<paragraph id="HFBA684241455400C900D93E93BD871FC"><enum>(1)</enum><text>the term
<term>missile</term> means a category I system as defined in the MTCR Annex,
and any other unmanned delivery system of similar capability, as well as the
specially designed production facilities for these systems;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HF5DB21EDAA20402B90311F80C2567394"><enum>(2)</enum><text>the term
<term>Missile Technology Control Regime</term> or <term>MTCR</term> means the
policy statement, between the United States, the United Kingdom, the Federal
Republic of Germany, France, Italy, Canada, and Japan, announced on April 16,
1987, to restrict sensitive missile-relevant transfers based on the MTCR Annex,
and any amendments thereto;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H0754AEFD9E184686A9E2A39D036D3DF3"><enum>(3)</enum><text>the term
<term>MTCR adherent</term> means a country that participates in the MTCR or
that, pursuant to an international understanding to which the United States is
a party, controls MTCR equipment or technology in accordance with the criteria
and standards set forth in the MTCR;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HD0A8B27633974AE790A4339B5E0EB3E6"><enum>(4)</enum><text>the term
<term>MTCR Annex</term> means the Guidelines and Equipment and Technology Annex
of the MTCR, and any amendments thereto;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H52E9AF772EB649B998DAEFA5EA30CB8D"><enum>(5)</enum><text>the terms
<term>missile equipment or technology</term> and <term>MTCR equipment or
technology</term> mean those items listed in category I or category II of the
MTCR Annex;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H74FFA9BC422E40FB89ED60C1A477C4C6"><enum>(6)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">the term <term>United States person</term>
has the meaning given that term in section 16(2) of the Export Administration
Act of 1979 (as continued in effect under the International Emergency Economic
Powers Act);</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HC18E955530D54CCD80FE69E6D10C0DC4"><enum>(7)</enum><text>the term
<term>foreign person</term> means any person other than a United States
person;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HDA8D32C590B34532A3E5598FFF02E275"><enum>(8)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">the term <term>person</term>—</text>
<subparagraph id="H5E1B87DB359A438EBB23B4C3C6011298"><enum>(A)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">means a natural person as well as a
corporation, business association, partnership, society, trust, any other
nongovernmental entity, organization, or group, and any governmental entity
operating as a business enterprise, and any successor of any such entity;
and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H95D6F1753A484CD1A25944A200BAB359"><enum>(B)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">in the case of a country with a non-market
economy (excluding former members of the Warsaw Pact), includes—</text>
<clause id="H19202B4486594426A18A5F7F70043CEA"><enum>(i)</enum><text>all
activities of that government relating to the development or production of any
missile equipment or technology; and</text>
</clause><clause id="H27D7EB5DBC684AE2A8B5BAF6A83139BE"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>all
activities of that government affecting the development or production of
electronics, space systems or equipment, and military aircraft; and</text>
</clause></subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="HD8C510AB1AD746DB9ADD3AC946EBF39C"><enum>(9)</enum><text>the term
<term>otherwise engaged in the trade of</term> means, with respect to a
particular export or transfer, to be a freight forwarder or designated
exporting agent, or a consignee or end user of the item to be exported or
transferred.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H621A7D1835E24FE1B0CA8D4CDA980EFC"><enum>(b)</enum><header>International
understanding defined</header><text>For purposes of subsection (a)(3), as it
relates to any international understanding concluded with the United States
after January 1, 2000, the term <term>international understanding</term>
means—</text>
<paragraph id="H50299DB347F34481BFD1FFD43469292A"><enum>(1)</enum><text>any specific
agreement by a country not to export, transfer, or otherwise engage in the
trade of any MTCR equipment or technology that contributes to the acquisition,
design, development, or production of missiles in a country that is not an MTCR
adherent and would be, if it were United States-origin equipment or technology,
subject to the jurisdiction of the United States under this Act; or</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H3A9EC8D48953481EAD92D160CBA65593"><enum>(2)</enum><text>any specific
understanding by a country that, notwithstanding section 5123(b), the United
States retains the right to take the actions under section 5123(a)(2) in the
case of any export or transfer of any MTCR equipment or technology that
contributes to the acquisition, design, development, or production of missiles
in a country that is not an MTCR adherent and would be, if it were United
States-origin equipment or technology, subject to the jurisdiction of the
United States under this Act.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section></chapter><chapter id="H98F15E697CCB42EC9334218DDAD8B851"><enum>3</enum><header>Chemical and
biological nonproliferation</header>
<section id="H244CCF7773664AB18A5654E45A5B4375"><enum>5131.</enum><header>Sanctions
against certain foreign persons</header>
<subsection id="HBDAAFE27F9074B4488A16BA52EFF3425"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Imposition of
Sanctions</header>
<paragraph id="HD65B9380276547AF89B8AED1D3D75D2F"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Determination by
the president</header><text>Except as provided in subsection (b)(2), the
President shall impose both of the sanctions described in subsection (c) if the
President determines that a foreign person, on or after the date of the
enactment of this section, has knowingly and materially contributed—</text>
<subparagraph id="HE6B6D6E5464A467EA74862217E8E08AE"><enum>(A)</enum><text>through the export
from the United States of any goods or technology that are subject to the
jurisdiction of the United States,</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H6F3C8EDF25004CB0BC4380ACDFDDB86E"><enum>(B)</enum><text>through the export
from any other country of any goods or technology that would be, if they were
United States goods or technology, subject to the jurisdiction of the United
States, or</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H266CFAC46CF247BF81DB74CA42172129"><enum>(C)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">through any other transaction not subject
to sanctions pursuant to the Export Administration Act of 1979 (as continued in
effect under the International Emergency Economic Powers Act),</text>
</subparagraph><continuation-text continuation-text-level="paragraph">to the
efforts by any foreign country, project, or entity described in paragraph (2)
to use, develop, produce, stockpile, or otherwise acquire chemical or
biological weapons.</continuation-text></paragraph><paragraph id="H7D6F8A3B12CA4359993A003139CEA3FB"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Countries,
projects, or entities receiving assistance</header><text>Paragraph (1) applies
in the case of—</text>
<subparagraph id="H8BE05383E6E04B958177DEBEB11D6722"><enum>(A)</enum><text>any foreign
country that the President determines has, at any time after January 1,
1980—</text>
<clause id="HD772250267CF4C7DB1E5D39C25E94178"><enum>(i)</enum><text>used
chemical or biological weapons in violation of international law;</text>
</clause><clause id="HC6408A9E933440619D294EC4033C7FD3"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>used lethal
chemical or biological weapons against its own nationals; or</text>
</clause><clause id="HD25DB3215D7847BD88A653A3DE86B407"><enum>(iii)</enum><text>made substantial
preparations to engage in the activities described in clause (i) or
(ii);</text>
</clause></subparagraph><subparagraph id="HE832D19CDCF34C9785F226C4E1F5A315"><enum>(B)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">any foreign country whose government is
determined to be a government that has repeatedly provided support for acts of
international terrorism for purposes of section 6(j) of the Export
Administration Act of 1979 (as continued in effect under the International
Emergency Economic Powers Act) or section 10401 of this Act; or</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H523BF6F3A7FC4DDB8004D28509F7B989"><enum>(C)</enum><text>any other foreign
country, project, or entity designated by the President for purposes of this
section.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H474AE448ED5A4F97993C6EE2C019620E"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Persons against
whom sanctions are to be imposed</header><text>Sanctions shall be imposed
pursuant to paragraph (1) on—</text>
<subparagraph id="H9302AC0D2D33485196B0FDABC4F7C9D6"><enum>(A)</enum><text>the foreign person
with respect to which the President makes the determination described in that
paragraph;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H8D4E5BD41D544E1580AC9468F4758208"><enum>(B)</enum><text>any successor
entity to that foreign person;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H1431B75DB3C64687946B90C9BE2DA042"><enum>(C)</enum><text>any foreign person
that is a parent or subsidiary of that foreign person if that parent or
subsidiary knowingly assisted in the activities which were the basis of that
determination; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H9252C363450D48F78C91D6CF3E10EAA8"><enum>(D)</enum><text>any foreign person
that is an affiliate of that foreign person if that affiliate knowingly
assisted in the activities which were the basis of that determination and if
that affiliate is controlled in fact by that foreign person.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HEEF6D92B06B64F36B037A0359C7565A3"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Consultations
With and Actions by Foreign Government of Jurisdiction</header>
<paragraph id="H2C51D9B9124E46F5B7B6BE9CA50DA269"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Consultations</header><text>If
the President makes the determinations described in subsection (a)(1) with
respect to a foreign person, the Congress urges the President to initiate
consultations immediately with the government with primary jurisdiction over
that foreign person with respect to the imposition of sanctions pursuant to
this section.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H10FFF114CE1B4503871C3E964EEA855C"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Actions by
government of jurisdiction</header><text>In order to pursue such consultations
with that government, the President may delay imposition of sanctions pursuant
to this section for a period of up to 90 days. Following these consultations,
the President shall impose sanctions unless the President determines and
certifies to Congress that such government has taken specific and effective
actions, including appropriate penalties, to terminate the involvement of the
foreign person in the activities described in subsection (a)(1). The President
may delay imposition of sanctions for an additional period of up to 90 days if
the President determines and certifies to Congress that such government is in
the process of taking the actions described in the preceding sentence.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HC4ADFBC6FD6541E59AFCF69F9D666BC3"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Report to
congress</header><text>The President shall report to Congress, not later than
90 days after making a determination under subsection (a)(1), on the status of
consultations with the appropriate government under this subsection, and the
basis for any determination under paragraph (2) of this subsection that such
government has taken specific corrective actions.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H301CA4E402FB48D4AACC61A028191835"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Sanctions</header>
<paragraph id="H6B851E5564B24457A16EC718DE62C250"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Description of
sanctions</header><text>The sanctions to be imposed pursuant to subsection
(a)(1) are, except as provided in paragraph (2) of this subsection, the
following:</text>
<subparagraph id="H0A169478EA1A46C0BF2ECA974E71DC54"><enum>(A)</enum><header>Procurement
sanction</header><text>The United States Government shall not procure, or enter
into any contract for the procurement of, any goods or services from any person
described in subsection (a)(3).</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HE36A4528E9C54E9CAB55A9165024F6F8"><enum>(B)</enum><header>Import
sanctions</header><text>The importation into the United States of products
produced by any person described in subsection (a)(3) shall be
prohibited.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="HAE136C08497F4AFEBD808B2C7C6FB075"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Exceptions</header><text>The
President shall not be required to apply or maintain sanctions under this
section—</text>
<subparagraph id="H77D92E02456E4FFEB6FBB5771AC66D1D"><enum>(A)</enum><text>in the case of
procurement of defense articles or defense services—</text>
<clause id="HD360890DF12C45EFA856B6EDF18CAF04"><enum>(i)</enum><text>under existing
contracts or subcontracts, including the exercise of options for production
quantities to satisfy United States operational military requirements;</text>
</clause><clause id="HDC1C3F03B07E4236A4C6178C78F73AD6"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>if
the President determines that the person or other entity to which the sanctions
would otherwise be applied is a sole source supplier of the defense articles or
defense services, that the defense articles or defense services are essential,
and that alternative sources are not readily or reasonably available; or</text>
</clause><clause id="H1324AFF5D43248FF98F8ACC7A502E676"><enum>(iii)</enum><text>if
the President determines that such articles or services are essential to the
national security under defense coproduction agreements;</text>
</clause></subparagraph><subparagraph id="H82321DE485FA43E3BAD02F38E968CAA3"><enum>(B)</enum><text>to products or
services provided under contracts entered into before the date on which the
President publishes his intention to impose sanctions;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H233130DF17E84627B0D5D37418ED9194"><enum>(C)</enum><text>to—</text>
<clause id="HB0ED991FA9A842008D82156C8951880E"><enum>(i)</enum><text>spare
parts,</text>
</clause><clause id="HC2595745355241CB978029C7E2A6C483"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>component parts,
but not finished products, essential to United States products or production,
or</text>
</clause><clause id="HC95EA10B510440E582E676E021A9F4B5"><enum>(iii)</enum><text>routine
servicing and maintenance of products, to the extent that alternative sources
are not readily or reasonably available;</text>
</clause></subparagraph><subparagraph id="H23360CB858B04AEEB76FF1D6DB02D9BA"><enum>(D)</enum><text>to information and
technology essential to United States products or production; or</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HD041E1EF72A949099B2DF39B6CCB0E48"><enum>(E)</enum><text>to medical or
other humanitarian items.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HC951F9999CF74BE59DCD2970288BCD25"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Termination of
sanctions</header><text>The sanctions imposed pursuant to this section shall
apply for a period of at least 12 months following the imposition of sanctions
and shall cease to apply thereafter only if the President determines and
certifies to the Congress that reliable information indicates that the foreign
person with respect to which the determination was made under subsection (a)(1)
has ceased to aid or abet any foreign government, project, or entity in its
efforts to acquire chemical or biological weapons capability as described in
that subsection.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H14723E369E8B415BA38342DFFCD9B35A"><enum>(e)</enum><header>Waiver</header>
<paragraph id="HAE968ECC09BB46E8AC08E4FAD3A560E3"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Criterion for
waiver</header><text>The President may waive the application of any sanction
imposed on any person pursuant to this section, after the end of the 12-month
period beginning on the date on which that sanction was imposed on that person,
if the President determines and certifies to the Congress that such waiver is
important to the national security interests of the United States.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H5EC1DBEBCBFF4809829791F17F2A3902"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Notification of
and report to congress</header><text>If the President decides to exercise the
waiver authority provided in paragraph (1), the President shall so notify the
Congress not less than 20 days before the waiver takes effect. Such
notification shall include a report fully articulating the rationale and
circumstances which led the President to exercise the waiver authority.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HCC08E511278D4A00A5FE2A690D705075"><enum>(f)</enum><header>Definition of
foreign person</header><text>For the purposes of this section, the term
<term>foreign person</term> means—</text>
<paragraph id="H887065C1017E48AA8F14E4910E8C8F71"><enum>(1)</enum><text>an individual who
is not a citizen of the United States or an alien admitted for permanent
residence to the United States; or</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H1101E3ECC46845CB91FB751DCEF5D0EE"><enum>(2)</enum><text>a
corporation, partnership, or other entity which is created or organized under
the laws of a foreign country or which has its principal place of business
outside the United States.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section></chapter></subtitle><subtitle id="H2FED260D0D414D20BD8E55D719D3ECAE"><enum>B</enum><header>Counter-Narcotics
authorities</header>
<section id="HCEDF8314901F4D5D9DB05140EC388285"><enum>5201.</enum><header>Findings</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">Congress finds the following:</text>
<paragraph id="HFB40A655BE764AC29A593BF3448B6102"><enum>(1)</enum><text>International
narcotics trafficking poses a major transnational threat in today’s world, and
its suppression is among the most important foreign policy objectives of the
United States.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H3E223C40884A425989AD32265DFC110F"><enum>(2)</enum><text>International
criminal activities, particularly international narcotics trafficking, money
laundering, and corruption, endanger political and economic stability and
democratic development, and assistance for the prevention and suppression of
international criminal activities should be a priority for the United
States.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HA5184189FB5848B0A2DA76E1E76293AB"><enum>(3)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Effective international cooperation is
necessary to control the illicit cultivation, production, and smuggling of,
trafficking in, and abuse of narcotic and psychotropic drugs and other
controlled substances.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H4EBF59F3C53A440CBCB57B9FDAC75F64"><enum>(4)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">In order for countries to effectively
combat narcotics trafficking and other transnational crimes, they must have a
strong rule of law system, to include an honest police force, independent
courts, and effective prisons.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H9C8ED7EAED584FCE9ED7F672495AF50D"><enum>(5)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Given the magnitude of United States
counter-narcotics efforts, as well as its impact and significance on other
dimensions of United States bilateral relations, it is essential that a process
be put into place that allows the periodic, comprehensive evaluation of these
efforts and their foreign policy implications.</text>
</paragraph></section><section id="H1FC5C73BA17647D6A7D65C87AB484B7F"><enum>5202.</enum><header>Statement of
policy</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">It shall be the policy
of the United States to—</text>
<paragraph id="HE5E4E1AB4721480C980EEA53A95E9250"><enum>(1)</enum><text>support
international narcotics control programs that have, as priority goals, the
suppression of the illicit manufacture of and trafficking in narcotic and
psychotropic drugs and other controlled substances, money laundering, and the
diversion of precursor chemicals, and the progressive elimination of the
illicit cultivation of the crops from which narcotic and psychotropic drugs and
other controlled substances are derived;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H1BAD4F1DBB8B49F5811F5F517F24ECE2"><enum>(2)</enum><text>encourage the
international community to provide assistance, where appropriate, to those
producer and transit countries that require assistance in discharging these
primary obligations;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H0B06DBFA45B34AF39C80E947C71EFFBA"><enum>(3)</enum><text>use its voice and
vote in multilateral development banks to promote the development and
implementation in the major illicit drug producing countries of programs for
the reduction and eventual eradication of narcotic drugs and other controlled
substances, including appropriate assistance in conjunction with effective
programs of illicit crop eradication;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HD5F510BC4306437BB23CE3DCFDCCAD39"><enum>(4)</enum><text>ensure that
countries adopt comprehensive domestic measures against money laundering and
cooperate with each other in money laundering investigations, prosecutions, and
related forfeiture actions; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H9A84718AA40947C5A7D208A3D4712211"><enum>(5)</enum><text>endeavor to
develop and promote global, regional, sub-regional, and bilateral cooperation
among judicial, law enforcement and financial regulatory authorities in order
to combat money-laundering, narcotics trafficking, and other transnational
crimes.</text>
</paragraph></section><section id="HFD54EE15D79D434F95F99A72AB160C37"><enum>5203.</enum><header>Goal and
objectives</header>
<subsection id="H3BC4FD2A462A44DBA8AFBCD1F03529F2"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Goal</header><text>The
goal of foreign assistance under this subtitle is to help relevant countries
build the capacity required to combat and reduce narcotics trafficking, money
laundering, and other transnational crimes.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HFD93A69BB162494CA947ACD702A6CB4C"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Objectives</header><text>In
furtherance of the goal described in subsection (a), foreign assistance under
this subtitle shall be provided to achieve the following objectives:</text>
<paragraph id="H812E62C1CA3C43B4A01A9256894FC508"><enum>(1)</enum><text>Increase the
professionalization, transparency, and accountability of law enforcement,
judicial and penal personnel in the relevant country.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H764D7F7FF674473E8DDCB8C31F1A9E5C"><enum>(2)</enum><text>Improve the
ability of law enforcement to prevent crimes, pursue and apprehend criminals,
and increase security within their country.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H7AC7641AB68F4D9399BF5F266900D88F"><enum>(3)</enum><text>Strengthen the
capacity of the judicial system to hear and prosecute cases.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section id="HA954027609AC4CA49BD0CBF5E9AB997B"><enum>5204.</enum><header>General
authorities</header>
<subsection id="H566D3D025BA542C588C61C9E60FB95AD"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Authorities of
the President</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The President
is authorized to conclude agreements, including reciprocal maritime agreements,
with United States State and local governments and with other countries to
facilitate control of the production, processing, transportation, and
distribution of narcotic and psychotropic drugs and other controlled
substances.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HFF9297969BE145C9B9EC5C49E21B33B3"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Authorities of
the Secretary</header><text>Notwithstanding any other provision of law
restricting assistance to foreign countries except sections 10101, 10102, and
10401, the Secretary is authorized to provide foreign assistance to any country
or international organization, on such terms and conditions as the Secretary
may determine, for the control of narcotic and psychotropic drugs and other
controlled substances, or for related anticrime purposes.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H6A28BE7EAD6144B5AACC0D5FB574524B"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Coordination of
all United States antinarcotics assistance to foreign countries</header>
<paragraph id="H50EF08DAF48540B08644E2D53F16A309"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Responsibility
of Secretary of State</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The
Secretary shall be responsible for coordinating and approving all foreign
assistance provided by the United States Government to support international
efforts to combat crime and illicit narcotics production or trafficking.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H8787EBC341984B72B47D5B45138947D3"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Rule of
construction</header><text>Nothing in paragraph (1) shall be construed to limit
or impair the authority or responsibility of any other Federal agency with
respect to law enforcement, domestic security operations, or intelligence
activities as defined in Executive Order No. 12333.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H62898E48A22848F4A9D72B65C7C08051"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Use of
herbicides for aerial eradication</header>
<paragraph id="HAD9684A77686490CBF92C6BA8C6B3AB8"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Monitoring</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The Secretary, with the assistance of the
heads of other appropriate Federal agencies, shall monitor any use under this
subtitle of a herbicide for aerial eradication in order to determine the impact
of such use on the environment and on the health of individuals.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HAA3822969A9349F7BF84CEE7A02CDC18"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Report upon
determination of harm to environment or health</header><text>If the Secretary
determines that any such use is harmful to the environment or the health of
individuals, the Secretary shall immediately report that determination to the
appropriate congressional committees, together with such recommendations as the
Secretary determines appropriate.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section id="H2C72605F73E64709A1DBDF090851AF2E"><enum>5205.</enum><header>Authorization
of Bureau of International Narcotics and Law Enforcement</header>
<subsection id="H7318126B12EE40E2B05FBD9C1DDAE9E0"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Establishment</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">There is established in the Department of
State a Bureau of International Narcotics and Law Enforcement (in this section
referred to as the <quote>Bureau</quote>).</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H9CD7F44C41E84641A31834C5A6379A69"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Head of
bureau</header><text>The head of the Bureau shall be an Assistant Secretary of
International Narcotics and Law Enforcement.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H8D946E69CACE419D98B8E9D7EE1B7400"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Responsibilities</header><text>The
Bureau shall be responsible for supervision (including policy oversight of
resources), coordinating, and overseeing programs related to international
counternarcotics and law enforcement activities, including—</text>
<paragraph id="H5A54DC916939452FB88A8B91D0C3A057"><enum>(1)</enum><text>strengthening
criminal justice systems;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H147E6969B0184114A03ED26CFB776CCE"><enum>(2)</enum><text>countering the
flow of illegal narcotics, including through building interdiction capabilities
of partner countries and strengthening law enforcement and judicial
authorities; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H481A92F60B984EDA8203BD7C78202C64"><enum>(3)</enum><text>minimizing
transnational crime</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section id="H86E04E9EE169474599DD077F2B85D2E2"><enum>5206.</enum><header>Use of
funds</header>
<subsection id="H5FF1501FC5C445819DC918B5A7E46BE3"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Treatment of
funds</header><text>Funds transferred to and consolidated with funds
appropriated to carry out this subtitle may be made available on such terms and
conditions as are applicable to funds appropriated to carry out this subtitle.
Funds so transferred or consolidated shall be apportioned directly to the
bureau within the Department of State responsible for administering this
subtitle.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H03D55AE029584905A53CE0DE60C39A1F"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Contributions</header>
<paragraph id="H7BCCE2001E6A444A9DEBE7C5E05EF857"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>To ensure local commitment to the activities assisted
under this subtitle, a country receiving assistance under this subtitle should
contribute an appropriate share of the costs of any narcotics control program,
project, or activity for which such assistance is to be provided. A country may
contribute such costs on an in kind basis.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H32758D0B14B04489BA5E0CF1F2A75A0F"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Acceptance</header><text>The
Secretary is authorized to accept contributions from foreign governments to
carry out the purposes of this subtitle. Such contributions shall be deposited
as an offsetting collection to the applicable appropriation account and may be
used under the same terms and conditions as funds appropriated to carry out
this subtitle.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H5CEFDF1D7079455F845EBEB9E76182EC"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Administrative
Assistance</header>
<paragraph id="H40B41808D816411CBD79B374AB78EDD4"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>Except as provided in paragraph (2), personnel funded
pursuant to this section are authorized to provide administrative assistance to
personnel assigned to the Bureau of International Narcotics and Law
Enforcement.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HA97D051E538F40BE83A7E1FA579518EF"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Limitation</header><text>Paragraph
(1) shall not apply to the extent that it would result in a reduction in funds
available for counter-narcotics and anticrime assistance to foreign
countries.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HB2A0EF2D7DAC44CAB75E0DD89D26D94A"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Advance
notification of transfer of seized assets</header><text>The Secretary shall
notify the appropriate congressional committees at least 10 days prior to any
transfer by the United States Government to a foreign country for narcotics
control purposes of any property or funds seized by or otherwise forfeited to
the United States Government in connection with narcotics-related
activity.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HE3ED3D22D4684723BB91EC9411D3A828"><enum>(e)</enum><header>Excess
property</header><text>For purposes of this subtitle, the Secretary may use the
authority of section 11506, without regard to the restrictions of such section,
to receive nonlethal excess property from any United States Government
department or agency for the purpose of providing such property to a foreign
government under the same terms and conditions as funds authorized to be
appropriated for the purposes of this subtitle.</text>
</subsection></section><section commented="no" id="H09ECBA82DC4242F7B32F5F0EA1250853"><enum>5207.</enum><header>Requirements
relating to aircraft and other equipment</header>
<subsection commented="no" id="H85EA151693724C76A86F5D9927FB3B93"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Retention of
title to aircraft</header>
<paragraph commented="no" id="H899B198FC14B49BD97C12C70B1995D45"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header>
<subparagraph commented="no" id="HB81232A56460404AAC9C55AE7FE11792"><enum>(A)</enum><header>Lease or loan
basis</header><text>Except as provided in paragraph (2), any aircraft made
available to a foreign country under this chapter, or made available to a
foreign country primarily for narcotics-related purposes under any other
provision of law, shall be provided only on a lease or loan basis.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" id="HB91FDCCD78CC4D95982498ECE595749D"><enum>(B)</enum><header>Effective
date</header><text>Subparagraph (A) applies to aircraft made available at any
time after the enactment of this Act.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="H5BB3633CDC94452DA0AF0CB0A43EFD60"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Exceptions</header>
<subparagraph commented="no" id="H334E511102BF4935AA0B8DC06D547D35"><enum>(A)</enum><header>Contrary to
national interest</header><text>The Secretary is authorized to transfer title
of aircraft by sale or grant if he or she—</text>
<clause commented="no" id="H1A544871A06F46CE9C73B4A23850B0B5"><enum>(i)</enum><text>determines that
the application of paragraph (1) with respect to particular aircraft would be
contrary to the national interest of the United States; and</text>
</clause><clause commented="no" id="H5EAE8F0C8B33454F99A4B358799309A3"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>the Secretary
notifies the appropriate congressional committees in accordance with the
procedures applicable to reprogramming notifications under section 9401.</text>
</clause></subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" id="H513ACDA141F744DD96E3673EB4D82EFE"><enum>(B)</enum><header>Forfeiture</header><text>Paragraph
(1) shall not apply with respect to aircraft made available to a foreign
country under any provision of law that authorizes property that has been
civilly or criminally forfeited to the United States to be made available to
foreign countries.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="HDB97C249D9784DAEA4411219C5D75485"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Assistance for
leasing of aircraft</header>
<subparagraph commented="no" id="H714CA0BC33F54D919185D46D8DF17690"><enum>(A)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>For purposes of satisfying the requirement of paragraph
(1), funds made available for the Foreign Military Financing Program under
title IV may be used to finance the leasing of aircraft under that
title.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" id="H897B134998BD4125942461217CE608C4"><enum>(B)</enum><header>Cost of
lease</header><text>Section 4351(a)(3) shall not apply with respect to leases
so financed, rather the entire cost of any such lease (including any renewals)
shall be an initial, one time payment of the amount which would be the sales
price for the aircraft if they were sold under section 4311(a)(2) or section
4312 (as appropriate).</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><subsection commented="no" id="H1FEC1D8C814D4B89B5E039635DCB732F"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Permissible uses
of aircraft and other equipment</header>
<paragraph id="H537FC71A3DB24F37B8D2FBC605FC5AAF"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>The Secretary shall take all reasonable steps to ensure
that aircraft and other equipment made available to foreign countries under
this chapter are used only in ways that are consistent with the purposes for
which such equipment was made available.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="H35BE6E22CA3B411A8D61715EC25D7B84"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Exception</header><text>Paragraph
(1) shall not apply to aircraft or other equipment if the Secretary makes a
determination under section 11508(b) that there is an emergency need which
requires the use of the aircraft or other equipment.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection commented="no" id="H0C4395E5C2314960AA9EDB04D810A345"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Reports</header><text>In
the reports submitted pursuant to section 5211, the Secretary shall
discuss—</text>
<paragraph commented="no" id="H53B4596084924D00BA7E55C1E8040DCF"><enum>(1)</enum><text>the actions taken
by the United States Government to prevent misuse of such equipment by that
foreign country; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="H41674016292443E1A07FD61FAA413EB1"><enum>(2)</enum><text>any credible
information indicating misuse by a foreign country of aircraft or other
equipment made available under this chapter; and(3) the actions taken by the
United States Government to prevent future misuse of such equipment by that
foreign country.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection commented="no" id="H4FFC9550D63245C9961DDCC79C88D20D"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Records of
aircraft use</header>
<paragraph commented="no" id="H607859ACD66F4E8CB0BB02C15417B148"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Requirement to
maintain records</header><text>The President shall maintain detailed records on
the use of any aircraft made available to a foreign country under this chapter,
including aircraft made available before the enactment of this section.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="HDD58CDB80CBD4971AE3D8E876D53462C"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Congressional
access to records</header><text>The President shall make the records maintained
pursuant to paragraph (1) available upon request to the appropriate
congressional committees.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section commented="no" id="H86A9E39BB35048E89CFD14B0744B5AA0"><enum>5208.</enum><header>Restrictions</header>
<subsection id="H7ADE9FD29E4A44248AE95CFAC92E5585"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Participation in
foreign police actions</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Participation in foreign police actions
under this subtitle shall be subject to the requirements of section
3303(d).</text>
</subsection><subsection commented="no" id="H1610F79B4DA443948AE007350777E4B7"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Procurement of
weapons and ammunition</header>
<paragraph commented="no" id="H288C65EF39EA4982BEE1CEBF821E6474"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Prohibition</header><text>Except
as provided in paragraph (2), funds made available to carry out this subtitle
shall not be made available for the procurement of weapons or
ammunition.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="H49272B3A953D42B7A7CC95F2E9A3876F"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Exceptions</header><text>Paragraph
(1) shall not apply with respect to funds for the procurement of—</text>
<subparagraph commented="no" id="H2E715948D5E64CCF8D74F16ADDE8D6E4"><enum>(A)</enum><text>weapons or
ammunition provided only for the defensive arming of aircraft used for
narcotics-related purposes; or</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" id="H69705C1D5B5F40549D03FBD1D9EA8443"><enum>(B)</enum><text>firearms and
related ammunition provided only for defensive purposes to employees or
contract personnel of the Department of State engaged in activities under this
subtitle, if, at least 15 days before obligating those funds, the President
notifies the appropriate congressional committees in accordance with the
procedures applicable to reprogramming notifications under section 9401.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><subsection commented="no" id="H8A4E78FE52DF4ED782C9CCF879DB7CC4"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Limitations on
Acquisition of Real Property and Construction of Facilities</header>
<paragraph commented="no" id="H0BE3519F2B344B62B6716470AFCBB084"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Acquisition of
real property</header>
<subparagraph commented="no" id="H7E4BB6F78BA143D48A5EBFC6C5354EBB"><enum>(A)</enum><header>Prohibition</header><text>Funds
made available to carry out this subtitle may not be used to acquire (by
purchase or other means) any land or other real property for use by foreign
military, paramilitary, or law enforcement forces.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" id="HB6F613EEC7B5470A8133005A8B9429D7"><enum>(B)</enum><header>Exception for
certain leases</header><text>Subparagraph (A) shall not apply to the
acquisition of real property by lease of a duration not to exceed 2
years.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" id="H1811240488584F02B39943DCA4158626"><enum>(C)</enum><header>Exception for
international training academies</header><text>Subparagraph (A) shall not apply
to the acquisition of land of real property for use as a training facility for
judicial, prosecutorial, law enforcement, or regulatory officials.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="H2B7A424C48DD4B1F8E47C1FE6C74F6DC"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Construction of
facilities</header>
<subparagraph commented="no" id="HEF48E9E616584EFE8A80B02B15DAF588"><enum>(A)</enum><header>Limitation</header><text>Funds
made available to carry out this subtitle may not be used for construction of
facilities for use by foreign military, paramilitary, or law enforcement forces
unless, at least 15 days before obligating funds for such construction, the
President notifies the appropriate congressional committees in accordance with
procedures applicable to reprogramming notifications under section 9401.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" id="H855E119432174B7E836A0CCB565FCA29"><enum>(B)</enum><header>Exception</header><text>Paragraph
(1) shall not apply to the construction of facilities which would require the
obligation of less than $750,000 under this subtitle.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></subsection></section><section id="HA89B9BBC0CAC4D41A46A0C25A30F3757"><enum>5209.</enum><header>International
counter-narcotics strategy</header>
<subsection id="H63F3C17A56874618A1B93B41CC618759"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Strategy
required</header><text>Not later than 1 year after the date of the enactment of
this Act, and every 4 years thereafter, the Secretary shall submit to the
appropriate congressional committees a comprehensive counter-narcotics
strategy. The strategy shall include—</text>
<paragraph id="H86F73D3039EC4C938FF47671F8CCEA2A"><enum>(1)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">a list of the countries which the Secretary
determines to be—</text>
<subparagraph id="H628770AEC8044A8CA67491C0BFC83BA8"><enum>(A)</enum><text>a major illicit
drug-producing country;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HED0E10BAE2D84684BB84B208C9F1523F"><enum>(B)</enum><text>a major illicit
drug-transit country;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H5CD2A42F3126439599FF5CD30EEFBAE0"><enum>(C)</enum><text>a major
money-laundering country; or</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HF3179293C5EC4945B52D39CC22C1E50F"><enum>(D)</enum><text>a major source of
precursor chemicals;</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="HCDF5D8F2AB6146889E3BDC3338794087"><enum>(2)</enum><text>defined objectives
for the activities of the Department of State relating to counter-narcotics,
for each region and country it plans to target;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HAB6A30731D8940EDA73C6B6547507A52"><enum>(3)</enum><text>a
description of how such objectives relate to, are informed by, and will be
coordinated with those of relevant countries, as well as with those of other
bilateral and multilateral donors;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H3D3B226F4F1B4D8B936684CA27490280"><enum>(4)</enum><text>a
definition of the respective roles of each Federal department and agency in
carrying out the strategy, and the mechanisms for coordination;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H8F7279F0D8B141C29CD20753DE7752A0"><enum>(5)</enum><text>a
description of the types of policies and programs needed to achieve such
objectives;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H4A45B199469A4F378CCE09FE1338DD96"><enum>(6)</enum><text>an analysis of the
key opportunities and challenges for achieving favorable results in the next
4-year period;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HA0F93B9B5BEC4232AC1CE5366E86CC03"><enum>(7)</enum><text>a
list of indicators and other measurements of success to be used in assessing
impact, to include the indicators listed in section 5210(a)(6);</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H7E2DAF451B8F4FC8A05D0B88ED16CD96"><enum>(8)</enum><text>the amounts
devoted to similar purposes in the previous 4-year period, the results achieved
and the lessons learned; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H4CCBCDE674324850ADA920CE020805E1"><enum>(9)</enum><text>an estimate of the
requirements for human and financial resources and overseas infrastructure to
carry out the strategy over the next 4-year period.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H5975D13C6CD54858BDA115236FC41A05"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Implementation</header><text>None
of the funds made available under this title may be obligated or expended for
any programs, projects, or activities to implement a strategy required under
subsection (a) until at least 15 days after the strategy is transmitted to the
appropriate congressional committees pursuant to subsection (a).</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H3437C075EC324308A12C9811E87D27F5"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Definitions</header><text>In
this section—</text>
<paragraph id="H316BB053A43A486892C02FE0A1ED1428"><enum>(1)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">the term <term>major illicit drug-producing
country</term> means a country that illicitly produces during a fiscal year 5
metric tons or more of opium or opium derivative, 500 metric tons or more of
coca, or 500 metric tons or more of marijuana;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H45BDFA81A1A2432EA4917231A22B7EA2"><enum>(2)</enum><text>the term
<term>major illicit drug-transit country</term> means a country—</text>
<subparagraph id="HC2E726474EB34F3AA5F044B986E8BF65"><enum>(A)</enum><text>that is a
significant direct source of illicit narcotic or psychotropic drugs or other
controlled substances significantly affecting the United States;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HC777A068517A4790B3E777A72E1B901A"><enum>(B)</enum><text>through which are
transported such drugs or substances; or</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HD994AD5D691144B7BC640F0504B24173"><enum>(C)</enum><text>through which
significant sums of drug-related profits or monies are laundered with the
knowledge or complicity of the government;</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H4E5BAF9C7C704078A000DA818219CE2E"><enum>(3)</enum><text>the term
<term>major money-laundering country</term> means a country whose financial
institutions engage in currency transactions involving significant amounts of
proceeds from international narcotics trafficking; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H17A21EEEF04347C392C914E153318334"><enum>(4)</enum><text>the term
<term>major source of precursor chemicals</term> means a country that is among
the top 5 producers or the top 5 exporters of a listed chemical under section
102(33) of the Controlled Substances Act (21 U.S.C. 802(33)).</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section id="HE6A7F392CCF74A8793AC082978822F8F"><enum>5210.</enum><header>International
narcotics control assistance report</header>
<subsection id="H5888E410C5DA43FA8330122F49C34E69"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Report</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Not later than 1 year after the date of the
enactment of this Act, and annually thereafter, the President shall transmit to
the appropriate congressional committees a report on international narcotics
control assistance. Such report shall, for each country—</text>
<paragraph id="H1A54F7EDBB494F9ABF178E0633C7878A"><enum>(1)</enum><text>describe the types
and amounts of international narcotics control assistance provided or proposed
to be provided by each Federal agency for the preceding fiscal year, the
current fiscal year, and the next fiscal year;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HAA070BF10B9B4DF48921756CD9332A4B"><enum>(2)</enum><text>include all
transfers that were made by each Federal agency during the preceding fiscal
year for narcotics control or anti-crime purposes of any property seized by or
otherwise forfeited to the United States Government in connection with
narcotics-related activity, including an estimate of the fair market value and
physical condition of each item of property transferred;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H326858A7A9BC4F0695714AE80CE9B6C5"><enum>(3)</enum><text>discuss the extent
to which the country is meeting the goals and objectives of the United Nations
Convention Against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic
Substances, and the key areas in which improvements are needed;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HD5EAE94FE9924897810628EA63A1C55E"><enum>(4)</enum><text>explain how the
strategy described under section 5209 is being implemented;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HDA784511CC62472C8936DAD9363EAAAC"><enum>(5)</enum><text>describe any
progress made toward achieving the goal and objectives in section 5203;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H9E8CC72565DB4F19AFC5A0DD381FC918"><enum>(6)</enum><text>identify the
indicators and metrics to be used in assessing the impact of international
narcotics control assistance, including the impact of the use of herbicides for
aerial eradication on the environment, the health of individuals, and internal
displacement; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H4A0312CF79AF491B8A371DEEC5C2BA12"><enum>(7)</enum><text>list any
contributions under section 5206(b) received in the preceding fiscal year, the
amount of such contributions, and the purposes for which such contributions
were used.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H0C92F7147B504FA6A40AAEC9EB98353A"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Definition</header><text>In
this section, the term <term>international narcotics control assistance</term>
means foreign assistance provided by any Federal agency to combat or control
the transit, production, or financing of illicit narcotics.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="H6E691A0389294B758DCD985689EE4A3D"><enum>5211.</enum><header>Narcotics
strategy evaluation</header>
<subsection id="HD0683C8BBBD3468E8F5926991AE9FDC6"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>The Comptroller General of the United States shall
conduct an impact evaluation of programs carried out by the Bureau of
International Narcotics and Law Enforcement, using rigorous quantitative data
analysis. The evaluation shall measure progress made on the following
indicators, as appropriate:</text>
<paragraph id="HC8D013203A5D472FABCDEEBE4489B64A"><enum>(1)</enum><text>Supply Side
Factors, such as—</text>
<subparagraph id="H6E4E00E02AAD45D3ACD7A9316FD73D87"><enum>(A)</enum><text>estimated illicit
drug production;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H2710E0C590ED49009A4637F28264D4B2"><enum>(B)</enum><text>estimated illicit
drug transshipment;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HE3ABDE2BE65345C0807EF3E76A3C8F03"><enum>(C)</enum><text>estimated illicit
drug production and transshipment as a percentage of GDP;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HC9292DE53A2341C3A0A7D77C2780A443"><enum>(D)</enum><text>number of
individuals and households estimated to be involved in illicit drug production
and transshipment;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H2B1B5138FB0645CA8C73BCB190F2C2BF"><enum>(E)</enum><text>number and average
size of illicit drug-crop cultivation plots;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HB72CAA7315EA48C8AF25A00CD571CF68"><enum>(F)</enum><text>farm-gate price of
illicit drug crop; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H9CF5DCC2EC1A45738A3D91B1442E0498"><enum>(G)</enum><text>in-country price
and purity of illicit drug.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="HF97AE029A7A740449E5949D41FE243A3"><enum>(2)</enum><text>Disruption of
Networks, such as—</text>
<subparagraph id="H41D13C124A224E799A127FE9BE80C2A1"><enum>(A)</enum><text>drug seizures as a
percentage of total estimated drug production and transshipment; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HA192272DC1EB4FE4A8A9587AD9F940D9"><enum>(B)</enum><text>arrests and
convictions of major narcotics-related organized crime figures.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H278A78CE47BB4731B55FCD51F5027FF9"><enum>(3)</enum><text>Economic
well-being and governance, such as—</text>
<subparagraph id="H099058077F5C49DD967C51C20333FBDD"><enum>(A)</enum><text>presence of
government institutions (such as security forces, civilian ministries, local
government, justice system) in zones of greatest drug production;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" id="H87F349A431524A34A92651C8CE424534"><enum>(B)</enum><text>perceptions of
police competence;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H8E7D7D2E34E84BB49D214C7FCF0F5D3E"><enum>(C)</enum><text>number of
individuals and households formerly involved in drug production and
transshipment who are now benefitting from development and alternative income
programs;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H3F87903451FA4FCA96798D34803D6DB9"><enum>(D)</enum><text>level of
drug-related violence as a percentage of overall violence; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HE384651C64C14E15B1890F2B4978FA7F"><enum>(E)</enum><text>poverty and
unemployment rates in departments, States or provinces with the greatest drug
production and transshipment.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H3E1FCBE65C6542F7815755A379F1317A"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Submission</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The results of the evaluation required
under subsection (a) shall be submitted to the appropriate congressional
committees not later than 4 years after the date of the enactment of this Act
and every 4 years thereafter.</text>
</subsection></section></subtitle><subtitle id="H21E5AEA93F0D484BA6ADC12D2A8291AD"><enum>C</enum><header>Counter-Terrorism
authorities</header>
<section id="H48510C0931D34EFD8469B1A25C41A292"><enum>5301.</enum><header>Purposes</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">Activities conducted under this subtitle
shall be designed to—</text>
<paragraph id="HC85A02E1393F41708D63F92D28A04F2F"><enum>(1)</enum><text>build the capacity
of foreign law enforcement and security personnel to detect, deter and counter
terrorism;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H7F73AFE7C6184E31BADB769D8843B262"><enum>(2)</enum><text>counter and
ameliorate the conditions and circumstances that foster terrorist and violent
extremist ideologies, activity and recruitment;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H9B407925A05D42A18430FEB20DC866FA"><enum>(3)</enum><text>increase respect
for human rights by sharing with foreign civil authorities modern, humane, and
effective antiterrorism techniques; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HF932D7D7225541FA919E6A9250B4B2E8"><enum>(4)</enum><text>enhance bilateral
and multilateral partnerships to counter terrorism and violent
extremism.</text>
</paragraph></section><section id="H60E0C90AA3224D4B9CFE91B4EE7470E2"><enum>5302.</enum><header>Assistance to
countries and multilateral organizations for counter-terrorism
activities</header>
<subsection id="H9BDFD5BB093D489FA6A76BA496B7EE23"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Assistance to
countries</header>
<paragraph id="H06161998468D43E181CC73165EC6442D"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>Notwithstanding any other provision of law that restricts
assistance to foreign countries (other than sections 10101, 10102, 10401, and
10402), the Secretary, acting through the Assistant Secretary for
Counterterrorism or other appropriate senior official, is authorized to
provide, on such terms and conditions as the Secretary may determine—</text>
<subparagraph id="H56572BF632F341B6900EB592C263B243"><enum>(A)</enum><text>assistance to
foreign countries in order to enhance the ability of their law enforcement and
security personnel to deter terrorists and terrorist groups from engaging in
international terrorist acts such as bombing, kidnaping, assassination, hostage
taking, and hijacking; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HECC07E6905764158845770EF68DE0BDE"><enum>(B)</enum><text>in coordination
with the Administrator, assistance to foreign countries, including
nongovernmental organizations, to enhance their ability to counter violent
extremism and radicalization and to counter the appeal of terrorist and other
extremist organizations.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H8E0BD65905B14892BEAA5C127390F92F"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Assistance</header><text>Assistance
under paragraph (1)(A) may include the following:</text>
<subparagraph id="HA8D2F39838814C52BF62113CF3C4E2A9"><enum>(A)</enum><text>Consistent with
section 3303, the provision of equipment, supplies, and training to build the
capacity of foreign law enforcement or security forces to conduct
counter-terrorist operations and respect human rights.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H0AF847C33EFC499EA09D70C91C25DF76"><enum>(B)</enum><text>Training services
and the provision of equipment and other commodities related to detection and
disposal of bombs (including improvised explosive devices), management of
hostage situations, physical security, and other matters relating to the
detection, deterrence, and prevention of acts of terrorism, the resolution of
terrorist incidents, and the apprehension of those involved in such
acts.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H768D59163FCF41AA9DFAC3EB9354C226"><enum>(C)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Support and cooperation with foreign
banking, regulatory, and other officials to counter the financing of terrorist
activities.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H9566B0AA25BF45608DB6A20AF5EA5D90"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Assistance to
multilateral organizations</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The Secretary is authorized to provide, on
such terms and conditions as the Secretary may determine, support to
multilateral organizations for international and regional counterterrorism
cooperation programs, including the Regional Strategic Initiative. Such support
may be provided in the form of grants, contracts, or voluntary contributions to
such organizations.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H6815FBBA7C1141CABF77E2EE108F371B"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Payment</header>
<paragraph id="H4B9B78E6333144558C73C2ED26F53644"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>If the Secretary determines it to be consistent with and
in furtherance of the purposes of this subtitle, and on such terms and
conditions consistent with this Act as the Secretary may determine, any Federal
agency is authorized to provide services and commodities, without charge to
funds available to carry out this subtitle, to an eligible foreign country,
subject to payment in advance of the value thereof (within the meaning of
section 4411) in United States dollars by the foreign country.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HD98286FEB52848E5B735488446663070"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Crediting</header><text>Collections
under this subtitle shall be credited to the currently applicable
appropriation, account, or fund of the agency providing such services and
commodities and shall be available for the purposes for which such
appropriation, account, or fund is authorized to be used.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HAC019BDAFC094DE3A0E09F988D096F69"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Value</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The value in terms of original acquisition
cost of all equipment and commodities provided under this subtitle in any
fiscal year shall not exceed 30 percent of the funds made available to carry
out this subtitle for that fiscal year.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H8E4B1240F6F449BA9ED83E99B392DE48"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Consultation</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Consistent with section 1(c)(2)(C) of the
State Department Basic Authorities Act of 1956 (as added by section 3105), the
Assistant Secretary of State for Democracy, Human Rights and Labor shall be
consulted in determinations of foreign countries that will be provided
assistance under this subtitle and determinations of the nature of assistance
to be provided to each such country.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H7FC0C76FD23A46758EBBA4F81DE21D7C"><enum>(e)</enum><header>Limitation</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Arms and ammunition may be provided under
this subtitle only if such arms and ammunition are directly related to
counterterrorism assistance.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H7C8760D1633942ABBC361F542C579664"><enum>(f)</enum><header>Rule of
construction</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Nothing in this
subtitle shall apply to information exchange activities conducted by Federal
agencies under any other authority for such purposes</text>
</subsection></section><section id="HB571E1F9639F49B1AECCCD64C2AFC097"><enum>5303.</enum><header>Counter-terrorism
responsibilities of the Department of State</header>
<subsection id="HCDC89BFBFDC543C7B3F325723A8183FF"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Section 1 of the
State Department Basic Authorities Act of 1956 (22 U.S.C. 2651a) is
amended—</text>
<paragraph id="HF25EA2245B8A468E87861717D56607E3"><enum>(1)</enum><text>in subsection
(c)(1), by striking <quote>24</quote> and inserting <quote>25</quote>;
and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H0B8F4DCDCAEF4D36924FA42A97B45E8D"><enum>(2)</enum><text>in subsection (e)
to read as follows:</text>
<quoted-block display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H505448537D014B81AC52A1DF64512993" style="OLC">
<subsection id="H9FB25B3ADD7A4A83A1CF41E65A071A35"><enum>(e)</enum><header>Counterterrorism
responsibilities</header>
<paragraph id="H08C16C3FF55B41989FA19750FB9246BA"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>The Secretary of State shall be responsible for the
overall supervision (including policy oversight of resources) of
counterterrorism activities and may designate an Assistant Secretary or other
senior official, who may report directly to the Secretary as appropriate, to
assist in such activities.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H988D9668BCD04D2A8A9A646BE2770A94"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Transfer
authority</header><text>The Secretary of State may transfer any authority,
duty, or function assigned to the Coordinator for Counterterrorism or to the
Office of the Coordinator for Counterterrorism to the Assistant Secretary or
other senior official designated by the Secretary of State under paragraph (1)
or to the Bureau of Counterterrorism (as the case may
be).</text>
</paragraph></subsection><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H7E021A74B9304B889E07BE9B7857DA5F"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Conforming
amendment</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Section 5315 of
title 5, United States Code, is amended in the item relating to Assistant
Secretaries of State, by striking <quote>(24)</quote> and inserting
<quote>(25)</quote>.</text>
</subsection></section></subtitle><enum>VI</enum><header>Sustaining the
global environment</header>
<section id="HFD6A1C53981C4A83B62B4F75AA4FF0B6"><enum>6001.</enum><header>Findings and
statement of policy</header>
<subsection id="HB9B46A427C394813B14510D826B34561"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Findings</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Congress finds the following:</text>
<paragraph id="H210F0B83920847B0ACF02F8AE6C8B192"><enum>(1)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Sound natural resource management, healthy
ecosystems, and biological diversity are vital to alleviating poverty in
developing countries that depend on natural resources for water, food,
medicine, energy, household products, and tourism and trade.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H28F4C0607E3248759624DA72C24FC719"><enum>(2)</enum><text>Proper management
and protection of natural resources can mitigate instability, conflict, and
corruption in many developing countries.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H391628676BCB4604BBEC5189FDA8A55C"><enum>(3)</enum><text>Poaching and the
illegal trafficking of wildlife represent significant threats to preserving
biological diversity and can lead to crime and corruption.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HFB112D9696794BFDBBA4904280280E62"><enum>(4)</enum><text>Establishing
protected areas can preserve wildlife and plant species from degradation and
guard against the illegal wildlife trade.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HC849CE062C3E4D1F989383843B151657"><enum>(5)</enum><text>Strengthening the
indigenous capacity of partner countries to manage their natural resources
improves the long-term sustainability of conservation programs and is essential
for economic growth in developing countries.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H2AE9CA2039E5404D9CB2E9CEB76A6DAB"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Statement of
policy</header><text>It is the policy of the United States to work in
cooperation with the international community, including nongovernmental
organizations, to reduce biodiversity loss, adapt to and mitigate climate
change, and integrate principles of environmental sustainability into policies
and programs for international development.</text>
</subsection></section><subtitle id="H7815D663E75A4605B2FC97C222825F5F"><enum>A</enum><header>Debt-for-Nature
Exchanges</header>
<section id="H025FA377D1E74487B0C94E6C5805BEFD"><enum>6101.</enum><header>Findings and
statement of policy</header>
<subsection id="HEB76A9BB896C4A43B58433412D987920"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Findings</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Congress finds the following:</text>
<paragraph id="HD87C8B20F16E4980A851FCEDEFC4FB2B"><enum>(1)</enum><text>Poverty and
economic pressures on the populations of developing countries have led to
environmental degradation that exacerbate existing challenges and imperil
long-term, sustainable development.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HFEA7854B797C4EEDBA226CDF979A1FB2"><enum>(2)</enum><text>Debt reduction can
reduce economic pressures on developing countries and provide funds for
environmental conservation and development.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H4FE1A27A9954461AA3D398E9AB3CF630"><enum>(3)</enum><text>Identifying and
developing economic benefits to local communities from sustainable use of the
environment is critical to the protection of ecosystems and to overall
development.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HAA1B1E1C58E34E1091BA33E7D949A8F3"><enum>(4)</enum><text>Tropical forests
provide a wide range of benefits to humankind by—</text>
<subparagraph id="H9857B42F9A304895B4CE1DD911DC33A0"><enum>(A)</enum><text>harboring a major
share of the Earth’s biological and terrestrial resources, which are the basis
for developing pharmaceutical products and revitalizing agricultural
crops;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HE4C5B09EE9414348913B4A053CEBD38B"><enum>(B)</enum><text>playing a critical
role as carbon sinks in reducing greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, thus
moderating potential global climate change; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H38C5F5645B5A4C15BC587F128F83BBC1"><enum>(C)</enum><text>regulating
hydrological cycles on which far-flung agricultural and coastal resources
depend.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H9D0D2152AAAD4CC496844A876D076BFD"><enum>(5)</enum><text>Coral reefs and
associated coastal marine ecosystems provide a wide range of benefits to
humankind by—</text>
<subparagraph id="H862A155873ED4288BF519AA09DA4D45B"><enum>(A)</enum><text>harboring more
species per unit area than any other marine habitat, providing the basis for
developing pharmaceutical products and fostering a growing marine tourism
sector;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H5657D8FE31C1408A9831B8819DCD3F05"><enum>(B)</enum><text>providing a major
source of food and jobs for hundreds of millions of coastal residents;
and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H5F0C518653EC425588A43987FAEE4011"><enum>(C)</enum><text>serving as natural
storm barriers, thus protecting vulnerable shorelines and communities from
storm waves and erosion.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H87A798D289F847378191524FCAB72906"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Statement of
policy</header><text>It is the policy of the United States to work in
cooperation with partner countries and nongovernmental organizations to protect
and sustainably manage tropical forests, coral reefs, and other natural
ecosystems, including through debt-for-nature exchanges.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="H6B41F994129B4AC0B2D6206A94B523D8"><enum>6102.</enum><header>Definitions</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">As used in this subtitle:</text>
<paragraph id="H9ABF01610EFE4057AF247DE0DC1D73B9"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Administering
body</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The term
<term>administering body</term> means the entity provided for in section
6107(c).</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H4632E98B817B432C906B5E8F572CC68D"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Partner
country</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The term
<term>partner country</term> means an eligible country with respect to which
the authority of paragraph (1) or (2) of section 6105(a) or section 6106(a)(1)
is exercised.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HD49EB47ED22E4FC6877A2D54688703F2"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Debt-for-Nature
Agreement</header><text>The term <term>Debt-for-Nature Agreement</term> or
<term>Agreement</term> means a Debt-for-Nature Agreement provided for in
section 6107.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H74ACD097536A41E6AD2BC1F5D383298F"><enum>(4)</enum><header>Debt-for-Nature
Facility</header><text>The term <term>Debt-for-Nature Facility</term> or
<term>Facility</term> means the Debt-for-Nature Facility established in the
Department of the Treasury by section 6103.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HE29C9FCBA35C479F8C3260DCB9E25FF3"><enum>(5)</enum><header>Debt-for-Nature
Fund</header><text>The term <term>Debt-for-Nature Fund</term> or
<term>Fund</term> means a Debt-for-Nature Fund provided for in section
6109.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HAF9ECA681F04462CA2FEEA94A0CCEEA1"><enum>(6)</enum><header>Eligible
country</header><text>The term <term>eligible country</term> means a country
described in section 6104.</text>
</paragraph></section><section id="H201225EFDC114035A124278CE8883548"><enum>6103.</enum><header>Establishment
of the Facility</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">There is
established in the Department of the Treasury an entity to be known as the
<quote>Debt-for-Nature Facility</quote> for the purpose of providing for the
administration of debt reduction in accordance with this subtitle.</text>
</section><section id="H4F1227C531BF475A8A807D48099135BB"><enum>6104.</enum><header>Eligibility
for benefits</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">To be eligible
for benefits from the Facility under this subtitle, a country shall be a
developing country the government of which—</text>
<paragraph id="HB602552B8602405B9FD6B33A61C70F24"><enum>(1)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">is democratically elected;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H293E3A397851465DB6C84AFCD676EC44"><enum>(2)</enum><text>does not support
acts of international terrorism;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HDEC29D06FB9D4195A415A6C9F5ADC3BF"><enum>(3)</enum><text>does not engage in
a consistent pattern of gross violations of internationally recognized human
rights;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H20CC7D4325A44CD49438DD301F4FDE8F"><enum>(4)</enum><text>has in effect, has
received approval for, or, as appropriate in exceptional circumstances, is
making significant progress toward—</text>
<subparagraph id="HC62B0D6D317A4E4F9A5E45B41DE2D2AA"><enum>(A)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">an International Monetary Fund standby
arrangement, extended International Monetary Fund arrangement, or an
arrangement under the structural adjustment facility or enhanced structural
adjustment facility, or in exceptional circumstances, an International Monetary
Fund-monitored program or its equivalent, unless the President determines that
such an arrangement or program (or its equivalent) could reasonably be expected
to have significant adverse social or environmental effects; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H22F0F62E877847AF9823641804794F53"><enum>(B)</enum><text>as appropriate,
structural or sectoral adjustment loans from the International Bank for
Reconstruction and Development or the International Development Association,
unless the President determines that the resulting adjustment requirements
could reasonably be expected to have significant adverse social or
environmental effects; and</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H1F16D42D98A649CB8A234A87FD615AFC"><enum>(5)</enum><text>if appropriate,
has agreed with its commercial bank lenders on a satisfactory financing
program, including, as appropriate, debt or debt service reduction.</text>
</paragraph></section><section id="H531A018840DD44758684CCF4B7D763A1"><enum>6105.</enum><header>Authority to
engage in debt-for-nature swaps and debt buybacks</header>
<subsection id="HB7057A61F9FA4700B0C0747B5C6447E2"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Loans and
credits eligible for sale, reduction, or cancellation</header>
<paragraph id="H108D7FC800E449DB85030CF8E9AE1B72"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Debt-for-nature
swaps</header>
<subparagraph id="HBFFC42CA27B24CF0A5DE2F6C43FE6F90"><enum>(A)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>Notwithstanding any other provision of law, the President
may, in accordance with this section, sell to any eligible purchaser described
in subparagraph (B) any concessional loans described in section 6106 or any
credits described in section 6106, or on receipt of payment from an eligible
purchaser described in subparagraph (B), reduce or cancel such loans (or
credits) or portion thereof under an Agreement, only for the purpose of
facilitating a debt-for-nature swap to support eligible activities described in
section 6108.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HC7BCBE9333AB48298B3A046364445D97"><enum>(B)</enum><header>Eligible
purchaser</header><text>A loan or credit may be sold, reduced, or canceled
under subparagraph (A) only to a purchaser who presents plans satisfactory to
the President for using the loan or credit for the purpose of engaging in
debt-for-nature swaps to support eligible activities described in section
6108.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H7E97BA8763FD434ABE0B618A81EE869A"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Debt
buybacks</header><text>Notwithstanding any other provision of law, the
President may, in accordance with this section, sell to any eligible country
any concessional loans described in section 6106 or any credits described in
section 6106, or on receipt of payment from an eligible country, reduce or
cancel such loans (or credits) or portion thereof under an Agreement, only for
the purpose of facilitating a debt buyback by an eligible country of its own
qualified debt, only if the eligible country uses an additional amount of the
local currency of the eligible country, equal to not less than the lesser of 40
percent of the price paid for such debt by such eligible country, or the
difference between the price paid for such debt and the face value of such
debt, to support eligible activities described in section 6108.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H3FF4A2764AC5422B856F707780B4FC2B"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Limitation</header><text>The
authority provided by paragraphs (1) and (2) shall be available only to the
extent that appropriations for the cost (as defined in section 502(5) of the
Federal Credit Reform Act of 1990) of the modification of any debt pursuant to
such paragraphs are made in advance.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H3A37114954644C4EB44CB13724B4ECEE"><enum>(4)</enum><header>Terms and
conditions</header><text>Notwithstanding any other provision of law, the
President shall, in accordance with this section, establish the terms and
conditions under which loans and credits may be sold, reduced, or canceled
pursuant to this section.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HBB6856AE031B4A9A85AD966E9B75F7AF"><enum>(5)</enum><header>Administration</header>
<subparagraph id="HEA0C940A508548139FFC62E4168E636F"><enum>(A)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>When the President determines a purchaser to be an
eligible purchaser pursuant to paragraph (1)(B), the Administrator or the
Secretary of Agriculture, as the case may be, shall carry out the sale,
reduction, or cancellation of a loan pursuant to such paragraph.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HBE814BADBBC347CEA7A2DFE1795AEC3D"><enum>(B)</enum><header>Additional
requirement</header><text>The Administrator or Secretary of Agriculture, as the
case may be, shall make an adjustment in its accounts to reflect the sale,
reduction, or cancellation.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H2C1D5B4BA28249ECB9AB331387B3E6FC"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Deposit of
proceeds</header><text>The proceeds from the sale, reduction, or cancellation
of any loan sold, reduced, or canceled pursuant to this section shall be
deposited in the United States Government account or accounts established for
the repayment of such loan.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="H419E18F0A7954EBDB61B344036652473"><enum>6106.</enum><header>Reduction of
debt owed to the United States as a result of concessional loans or credits
under this Act and certain other provisions of law</header>
<subsection id="HA9A90A18C764429BBEE506E947A39782"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Authority To
reduce debt</header>
<paragraph id="HC625511466654AE98149F81BF70434BB"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Authority</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The President may reduce the amount owed to
the United States (or any Federal agency) that is outstanding as of the date of
the enactment of this Act as a result of concessional loans or credits made to
an eligible country by the United States under this Act, the Foreign Assistance
Act of 1961 (as such Act was in effect on the day before the date of the
enactment of this Act), title I of the Agricultural Trade Development and
Assistance Act of 1954 (7 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.), or predecessor foreign economic
assistance legislation.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H835E04D92B1346EEAF39F272159AECAB"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Certain
prohibitions inapplicable</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">A
reduction of debt pursuant to this section shall not be considered foreign
assistance for purposes of any provision of law limiting assistance to a
country.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HA7463712BE4F4F73B097045B08BD8F69"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Implementation
of debt reduction</header>
<paragraph id="H6C717B6B097C4814A910809F3B58B0FD"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>Any debt reduction pursuant to subsection (a) shall be
accomplished at the direction of the Facility under an Agreement by the
exchange of a new obligation for obligations of the type referred to in
subsection (a) outstanding as of the date specified in subsection
(a)(1).</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H4D71EAB9BFC04FD1A46D4698B0D4F352"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Exchange of
obligations</header>
<subparagraph id="HE5EC086D76EA4C4393C702DE9967C928"><enum>(A)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>The Facility shall notify the Administrator or the
Secretary of Agriculture of an agreement entered into under paragraph (1) with
an eligible country to exchange a new obligation for outstanding
obligations.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H8DB05CC7827A4A749DA762E77E65A89E"><enum>(B)</enum><header>Additional
requirement</header><text>At the direction of the Facility, the old obligations
that are the subject of the Agreement shall be canceled and a new debt
obligation for the country shall be established relating to the Agreement, and
the Administrator or the Secretary of Agriculture, as the case may be, shall
make an adjustment in the respective agency’s accounts to reflect the debt
reduction.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H1AA34E70520E47A090ECBA631AAE5F3D"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Additional terms
and conditions</header>
<paragraph display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HCF8B7897837B4FC593E6817EB2F648F7"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Repayment of
principal</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The principal
amount of each new obligation issued pursuant to subsection (b) shall be repaid
in United States dollars.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HDE9980E634434190A737146FEEA9D7E9"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Deposit of
payments</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Principal repayments
of new obligations shall be deposited in the United States Government account
established for principal repayments of the obligations for which those
obligations were exchanged.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H465D249CD01D46BF8B499E555F883123"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Interest</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Principal repayments of new obligations
shall be deposited in the United States Government account established for
principal repayments of the obligations for which those obligations were
exchanged.</text>
<paragraph id="HC670039981A847D9B58ED2CE635487F3"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Rate of
interest</header><text>Each new obligation issued by a partner country pursuant
to subsection (b) shall bear interest at a concessional rate.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H2E12BEE8AE6C4DDFA93262CB9325B5D3"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Currency of
interest payment; deposits</header>
<subparagraph id="H8227496720014BE0BEF6A79DE583651C"><enum>(A)</enum><header>Local
currency</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">If the partner
country has entered into a Debt-for-Nature Agreement, interest shall be paid in
the local currency of the partner country and deposited in the Debt-for-Nature
Fund of such country. Such interest shall be the property of the partner
country, until such time as it is disbursed pursuant to section 6109(b)(3).
Such local currencies shall be used for the purposes specified in the
Agreement.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H1DEAB599D5234B2080387D1A48836785"><enum>(B)</enum><header>United States
dollars</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">If the partner
country has not entered into a Debt-for-Nature Agreement, interest shall be
paid in United States dollars and deposited in the United States Government
account established for interest payments of the obligations for which the new
obligations were exchanged.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="HD603343D34944740A0B3CA8445DF5F52"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Interest already
paid</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">If a partner country
enters into a Debt-for-Nature Agreement subsequent to the date on which
interest first became due on the newly issued obligation, any interest already
paid on such new obligation shall not be redeposited into the Debt-for-Nature
Fund established for that country.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section id="H100755F2A5E34C9C846F0E6D2700F7B7"><enum>6107.</enum><header>Debt-for-Nature
Agreement</header>
<subsection id="HCDEE2E83A8AD42FE8204B8CF88FD823E"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Authority</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The President is authorized to enter into a
Debt-for-Nature Agreement with any eligible country concerning the operation
and use of the Debt-for-Nature Fund for the country.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H9CFA83F220F447F8B08C8A9437942BA4"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Contents of
agreement</header><text>An Agreement with an eligible country shall—</text>
<paragraph id="HE73BC91C5BDC490C82539FB004D03F59"><enum>(1)</enum><text>require—</text>
<subparagraph id="H7EDABDCE4ADC4980A989C55A19C16964"><enum>(A)</enum><text>the establishment
of a Fund for the country; or</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H2643AD5F2C5A4F58A61C4701D8068276"><enum>(B)</enum><text>in the case of a
country with respect to which a fund has been established under part IV
(relating to Enterprise for the Americas Initiative) or part V (relating to
debt reduction for developing countries with tropical forests) of the Foreign
Assistance Act of 1961 (as such Act was in effect on the day before the date of
the enactment of this Act), the continued utilization of such fund;</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H6517BB15526E4FC684CE39331565F14F"><enum>(2)</enum><text>require the
country to make prompt disbursements from the Fund to the administering body
described in subsection (c);</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H66A9E327374C4DD6BC49BAAF89A6BE92"><enum>(3)</enum><text>when appropriate,
seek to maintain the value of the local currency resources of the Fund in terms
of United States dollars;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H64E3EC9370D84BDD87CD1214BA970B93"><enum>(4)</enum><text>contain reasonable
provisions for the enforcement of the terms of the Agreement; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H89C183542DD24A989AB0C1399D35250E"><enum>(5)</enum><text>establish criteria
and priorities guiding the disbursement of grants consistent with the eligible
activities in section 6108.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H8C36E97EBBD0459292EB9DDE7EEFEE49"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Administering
body</header>
<paragraph id="HD9BFE63C46584E5281228F94EF4CFBF3"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>Amounts disbursed from the Fund in each partner country
shall be administered by a body constituted under the laws of that
country.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HE90E64FD5209461AA6FD3C7EDD76B55C"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Composition</header>
<subparagraph id="H9482591AE9F34CD390D0DE667661967D"><enum>(A)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>The administering body shall consist of—</text>
<clause id="H531DD41EBACC41FAA2ED479ED2B72769"><enum>(i)</enum><text>one
or more individuals appointed by the United States Government;</text>
</clause><clause id="H4F8731F739FA48C68049D935CB914922"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>one
or more individuals appointed by the government of the partner country;
and</text>
</clause><clause id="H943FCB6CD984482FB24355DCCCCD7B63"><enum>(iii)</enum><text>individuals who
represent a broad range of—</text>
<subclause id="H0694EB7B7C8A4D25A85D3D38920F0262"><enum>(I)</enum><text>environmental
nongovernmental organizations of, or active in, the partner country;</text>
</subclause><subclause id="HF139D62FC1F64098BAD8409B53FEB17E"><enum>(II)</enum><text>local community
development nongovernmental organizations of the partner country; and</text>
</subclause><subclause id="H962AE4F153A14DD29D4A2C169ADA6FF4"><enum>(III)</enum><text>scientific,
academic, or institutions of the partner country.</text>
</subclause></clause></subparagraph><subparagraph id="H4EC45878EBB64B66B16364E9EB057B6F"><enum>(B)</enum><header>Additional
requirement</header><text>A majority of the members of the administering body
shall be individuals described in subparagraph (A)(iii).</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H4D1B26F470434666A245F3A7C8675474"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Responsibilities</header><text>The
administering body shall—</text>
<subparagraph id="HD82BAE68CB8743F197731C780A271913"><enum>(A)</enum><text>receive proposals
for grant assistance from eligible grant recipients (as determined under
subsection (d)) and make grants to eligible grant recipients in accordance with
the priorities agreed upon in the Agreement, consistent with section
6108;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H1571EE6777E74EE3B0894DDD395F332F"><enum>(B)</enum><text>be responsible for
the management of the program and oversight of grant activities funded from
resources of the Fund;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H577546041E1344EE809D9BA9A95A2544"><enum>(C)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">consult with local communities on the
planning, development, and implementation of plans, programs, and activities
associated with the disbursements of grants;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H782828286F724728A32D71AF5BBBFB62"><enum>(D)</enum><text>be subject, on an
annual basis, to an audit of financial statements conducted in accordance with
generally accepted auditing standards by an independent auditor;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H1EE4F6092AAF43C2936283DE85E183B3"><enum>(E)</enum><text>be required to
grant to representatives of the United States Government Accountability Office
such access to books and records associated with operations of the Fund as the
Comptroller General of the United States may request; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H3B23C3FCE0FE4C2A9A258BD3A3AD699C"><enum>(F)</enum><text>present an annual
plan on activities for the upcoming year for review and an annual report on the
activities the administering body undertook during the previous year to the
Secretary of State, the Secretary of the Treasury, the Administrator, the
government of the partner country, and, if appropriate, the nongovernmental
organization.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HCC565E75B61E4F41AB335669C846B92E"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Grant
recipients</header>
<paragraph id="HBC5A102B7CA34ADFB33221478A26578B"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>Grants made from the Fund shall be made to—</text>
<subparagraph id="HCC6AB6B506D144F3A39A03EF3FDC64B3"><enum>(A)</enum><text>nongovernmental
environmental, forestry, conservation, and indigenous peoples organizations of,
or active in, the partner country;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H5ED788EC024740F1A85A05F83C9D26D4"><enum>(B)</enum><text>other appropriate
local or regional entities of, or active in, the partner country; or</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H6F3B657C3C574A37B0D01929EBABA9AE"><enum>(C)</enum><text>in exceptional
circumstances, the government of the partner country.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H72032526E77749F29DD6FA5B03915EAB"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Priority</header><text>In
providing grants under paragraph (1), priority shall be given to projects that
are run by local nongovernmental organizations and other private entities and
that involve local communities in their planning and execution.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H44792B52C8CB49FEAD38BA2A48C96FF4"><enum>(e)</enum><header>Review of larger
grants</header><text>Any grant of more than $250,000 from a Fund shall be
subject to approval by the Government of the United States and the government
of the partner country.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HB824AF22F5DA4AF88BBFC0AE068E6BFF"><enum>(f)</enum><header>Eligibility
criteria</header><text>In the event that a country ceases to meet the
eligibility requirements set forth in section 6104, then grants from the Fund
for that country may only be made to nongovernmental organizations until such
time as the country meets the eligibility requirements set forth in section
6104.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H0C8DE4C66A70431A9E2CFC18F8586C53"><enum>(g)</enum><header>Use of funds To
conduct program audits and evaluation</header><text>Of the amounts made
available to carry out this subtitle for a fiscal year, up to one percent is
authorized to be made available to carry out audits, evaluations, monitoring,
and administration of programs under this subtitle, including personnel costs
associated with such audits, evaluations, monitoring, and
administration.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H822967ABF5A349D6953B7D3DAB255028"><enum>(h)</enum><header>Congressional
notification</header><text>The President shall notify the appropriate
congressional committees of the President’s intention to enter into an
Agreement with an eligible country at least 15 days in advance of entering into
such Agreement.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="H26F77F8C7A7443BF84527FE9D810F0FF"><enum>6108.</enum><header>Eligible
activities</header>
<subsection id="H824048B4B46C455884DD71980E5415E5"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>Grants made from the Fund shall be used for—</text>
<paragraph id="HF78F7E4044AA476F8DDD04A968B0825D"><enum>(1)</enum><text>restoration,
conservation, or sustainable use of terrestrial and marine animal and plant
species;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H00225DBDC1094300A2E1BC47A763B1D9"><enum>(2)</enum><text>establishment,
restoration, protection, and maintenance of parks, protected areas, and
reserves;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HD58E6360C25C4ED8A500EC1162F8B64E"><enum>(3)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">development and implementation of
scientifically sound systems of natural resource management, including land and
water and ecosystem management practices;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H1F91D56106F04897BDF39F752A44FE38"><enum>(4)</enum><text>development and
implementation of programs to address the effects of climate change on
environmental resources;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H2C42C6FD48834E129518645581FC9726"><enum>(5)</enum><text>training programs
to strengthen conservation institutions and increase scientific, technical, and
managerial capabilities of local individuals and organizations involved in
conservation efforts; or</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H7E57E5533316430FB61BF48AB157015B"><enum>(6)</enum><text>research and
identification of medicinal uses of plant life to treat human diseases,
illnesses, and health related concerns.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection commented="no" id="H8DDDB378F4164C6EB6F6E9755FB4E3CD"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Prioritizing
Activities</header><text>In cooperation with the partner country and
nongovernmental organizations, the President shall seek to identify those
areas, which because of an imminent threat, are in particular need of immediate
attention to prevent the loss of unique biological life or valuable
ecosystem.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="HFBFC40A8976B4E878AFEA45B4FC57ED5"><enum>6109.</enum><header>Debt-for-Nature
Fund</header>
<subsection id="HB277C7EE97AB4C5E83426EC7A656AFCF"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Establishment</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Each partner country that enters into a
Debt-for-Nature Agreement under section 6107 shall be required to establish a
Debt-for-Nature Fund to receive payments of interest and principal on new
obligations undertaken by the partner country under this subtitle.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H50B50FD88E974E7BB306BF0595339493"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Requirements
relating to operation of Fund</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The following terms and conditions shall
apply to the Fund:</text>
<paragraph id="HB24B12FBE02E49D48756CE6C01A27437"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Deposits</header><text>Local
currencies deposited in the Fund shall not be considered foreign assistance for
purposes of any provision of law limiting assistance to a country.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HB2BE5597518E481CB3895F9700D49120"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Investment</header><text>Deposits
made in the Fund shall be invested until disbursed. Any return on such
investment may be retained by the Fund, without deposit in the Treasury of the
United States and without further appropriation by Congress.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HBC871B28EE4B48BA870DD5EC16EC8DF2"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Disbursements</header><text>Funds
in the Fund shall be disbursed pursuant to a Debt-for-Nature Agreement
authorized under section 6107.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section id="H5C6397B8174B4A72B58CDBECCD24819A"><enum>6110.</enum><header>Responsibilities
to the Congress</header>
<subsection id="H5A036135A19D476EA82D5B4DF999437F"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Consultations
with the Congress</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The
President shall consult with the appropriate congressional committees on a
periodic basis to review the operation of the Facility under this subtitle and
the eligibility of countries for benefits from the Facility under this
subtitle.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HD3121EA866B549ADB0455F4032FD5764"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Report to
Congress</header><text>Not later than December 31 of each year, the President
shall prepare and transmit to Congress an annual report concerning the
operations of the Debt-for-Nature Facility under this subtitle for the prior
fiscal year. Such report shall include—</text>
<paragraph id="H6CB73757B8034086A35CF4C6D9436068"><enum>(1)</enum><text>a
description of the activities undertaken by such Facility during the previous
fiscal year;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H7E40B66435264B828DAC5970108ED677"><enum>(2)</enum><text>a
description of any Agreement entered into under this subtitle;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H55A39D78ABFF48C99D4AC428C5BB54CB"><enum>(3)</enum><text>a
report on Debt-for-Nature Funds that have been established under this subtitle
and on the operations of such Funds; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H9EFE60F5C0154039BF14929F2C053B54"><enum>(4)</enum><text>a
description of any grants that have been provided by administering bodies
pursuant to Debt-for-Nature Agreements under this subtitle.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section id="H4B50D1485D2F409CB183A1BFC69756E3"><enum>6111.</enum><header>General
savings clause</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">An agreement in
effect on the day before the date of the enactment of this Act under part IV
(relating to Enterprise for the Americas Initiative) or part V (relating to
debt reduction for developing countries with tropical forests) of the Foreign
Assistance Act of 1961 (as such parts were in effect on the day before the date
of the enactment of this Act) shall remain in effect subject to the terms and
conditions under such agreement.</text>
</section></subtitle><subtitle id="HA67DB3E47A164578B8124BCD48469376"><enum>B</enum><header>Commercial
Debt-for-Nature Exchanges</header>
<section id="H495FD246F7F54816A9DC233AC0DA942D"><enum>6201.</enum><header>Commercial
debt-for-nature exchange defined</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">For purposes of this subtitle, the term
<term>commercial debt-for-nature exchange</term> means the cancellation or
redemption of the foreign debt of the government of a country in exchange
for—</text>
<paragraph id="H7BDF53272C844E258ACA5C2D9A9FEAE9"><enum>(1)</enum><text>the government’s
making available local currencies (including through the issuance of bonds)
that are used only for eligible projects involving the conservation or
protection of the environment in that country (as described in section
6203);</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H9E93F5AD4AC443F29BDE9BF4F0B808AE"><enum>(2)</enum><text>the government’s
financial resource or policy commitment to take certain specified actions to
ensure the restoration, protection, or sustainable use of natural resources
within that country; or</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H0EF94EE0B00A42DD87376E892E1C10ED"><enum>(3)</enum><text>a
combination of assets and actions under both paragraphs (1) and (2).</text>
</paragraph></section><section id="H279C5DDEC21841D6B7344DEB5B01C8A0"><enum>6202.</enum><header>Authorization
for commercial debt exchanges</header>
<subsection id="HBE0EC7818A2449FA878C0FE7B4AACDFC"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The Administrator is
authorized to provide grants, on such terms and conditions as the Administrator
may determine, to nongovernmental organizations for the purchase on the open
market of discounted commercial debt of a foreign government of an eligible
country described in section 6204 which will be canceled or redeemed under
agreed upon terms with that government as part of a commercial debt-for-nature
exchange.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HE29062ECA72143E9B1FB9A7BBF3CCD9E"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Interest</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Notwithstanding any other provision of law,
a grantee (or any subgrantee) of the grants referred to in subsection (a) may
retain, without deposit in the Treasury of the United States and without
further appropriation by Congress, interest earned on the proceeds of any
resulting commercial debt-for-nature exchange pending the disbursements of such
proceeds and interest for approved program purposes, which may include the
establishment of an endowment, the income of which is used for such
purposes.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="H263FE72E7A65436698C9DCC902AE7C31"><enum>6203.</enum><header>Eligible
projects</header>
<subsection id="H7BE874D7D6DC4909BC0A03FE437C0422"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The Administrator
shall seek to ensure that commercial debt-for-nature exchanges under this
subtitle support one or more of the eligible activities listed in section 6108
by either the relevant government, a local private conservation group, or a
combination thereof.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H6BA77F66371B4ADB8DF61624F0FA79D5"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Identification
of certain areas</header><text>In cooperation with nongovernmental
organizations and the relevant country, the Administrator shall seek to
identify those areas, which because of an imminent threat, are in particular
need of immediate attention to prevent the loss of unique biological life or
valuable ecosystem.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="HC576A381AD444209941D01274E6E37B4"><enum>6204.</enum><header>Eligible
countries</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">In order for a
foreign country to be eligible to participate in a commercial debt-for-nature
exchange under this subtitle the foreign country shall be a developing country
that—</text>
<paragraph id="H4ABD14D2FE71420E89BF5E04F97A3839"><enum>(1)</enum><text>meets the
requirements of section 6104; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H8D2FF1ADBC964562994231DCABEB211E"><enum>(2)</enum><text>the Administrator
determines—</text>
<subparagraph id="H54DFFE471B7A4C16B9C24E37F74A665C"><enum>(A)</enum><text>is fully committed
to the long-term viability of the program or project that is to be undertaken
through the commercial debt-for-nature exchange;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HFB17BA8991A345C49A598BD9E5C70EC8"><enum>(B)</enum><text>has prepared a
long-term plan, or a private conservation group has prepared a long-term plan
for the country, which adequately provides for the long-term viability of the
program or project that is to be undertaken through the commercial
debt-for-nature exchange or that such a plan will be prepared in a timely
manner; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" id="HD0F0334336E0480280F0D8C75270BEA6"><enum>(C)</enum><text>has a government
agency or a local nongovernmental organization, or combination thereof, with
the capability, commitment, and record of environmental concern to oversee the
long-term viability of the program or project that is to be undertaken through
the commercial debt-for-nature exchange.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></section><section id="HFA624BB8208543C0B58D6034728E82C6"><enum>6205.</enum><header>Prohibition</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">The United States Government is prohibited
from accepting title or interest in any land in a foreign country as a
condition on the commercial debt-for-nature exchange.</text>
</section></subtitle><enum>VII</enum><header>Expanding
prosperity through trade and investment</header>
<section id="H3A356F4388EF438D9B111563DCE3BA8C"><enum>7001.</enum><header>Findings</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">Congress finds the following:</text>
<paragraph id="H14E6D05310234671A72BFD25E0E79EE7"><enum>(1)</enum><text>Fostering economic
growth is essential to sustaining the impact of United States development
assistance.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H8C5894370AD94BA1A7230FEF01D88638"><enum>(2)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">United States development assistance must
be supplemented by developmentally beneficial private investment, which can be
stimulated by United States-sponsored programs.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H289F8CEB71F7475692EBF79094A30ACE"><enum>(3)</enum><text>Attracting and
retaining private investment requires improvements in the investment climate of
developing countries, which require United States technical assistance.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H7A4B80A062664DE4ADDD6FC84685110D"><enum>(4)</enum><text>Increasing exports
is necessary for sustained economic growth in most developing countries,
because domestic consumption is usually inadequate to stimulate and sustain
increases in gross domestic product, employment, and personal income.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HFC561B970C81414EA67795B5003E5DC8"><enum>(5)</enum><text>For most
developing countries, receipt of additional loans would be counterproductive,
exacerbating existing high debt levels that consume scarce domestic financial
resources.</text>
</paragraph></section><section id="H3D33122C991F42B795E9F4E00153154F"><enum>7002.</enum><header>Authority for
coordination</header>
<subsection id="HA5F634E20A5F4B2FA98834D2174FD8D7"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Identification
of priority countries</header><text>In preparing the United States Strategy for
Global Development under section 1017, the Interagency Policy Committee on
Global Development shall identify a list of priority countries which would
substantially benefit from United States programs to stimulate private
investment flows and to provide technical assistance to attract and sustain
such investment, taking into account each country’s—</text>
<paragraph id="HBCFB405D57174FD99CE1C9728BD0CF3E"><enum>(1)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">high-level political leadership and
commitment to development progress;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H90150CD9E07E4900B62A8869E2EE12BE"><enum>(2)</enum><text>potential for
rapid and sustained economic growth; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HC3DD5613BE6340258F817A18E205C295"><enum>(3)</enum><text>importance to
United States national interests and development goals.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HD4EA638D7AFC4E15A21E35FC3B6DFE4C"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Joint country
action plan</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">For each country
identified as a priority country under subsection (a), the Interagency Policy
Committee on Global Development shall—</text>
<paragraph id="H6C94A10B90EB40808DD00353DCBDDBD3"><enum>(1)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">undertake a rigorous joint analysis of
constraints to growth, in partnership with the priority country and in
consultation with the United States, international, and local private sectors,
the donor community, civil society organizations, and relevant experts;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HD0BF0DA3B35E4B0C8B2C21371A5BA3FC"><enum>(2)</enum><text>develop a joint
country action plan that outlines potential tools, reforms, technical
assistance, and resources that can be applied over the next five years to
address the highest-priority constraints to growth;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HECAFB169FC184216A2B654D849CDA6DF"><enum>(3)</enum><text>coordinate and
integrate the joint country action plan with Country Development Cooperation
Strategies and related policies and programs; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H02861A69D4F04206ADAE23CE7000137C"><enum>(4)</enum><text>establish
high-level mutual accountability for implementation, including through
transparency and fact-based monitoring and evaluation.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HFB44FDA99B924E3BB44B94D34DDAF52F"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Direction of
resources</header><text>The Interagency Policy Committee on Global Development
may direct the resources of the Department of State, the United States Agency
for International Development, the Overseas Private Investment Corporation, the
Trade and Development Agency, and the Millennium Challenge Corporation to be
made available to carry out the country plan.</text>
</subsection></section><subtitle id="HFED48B7CC5FA4821B97F77FCDEBAB9FB"><enum>A</enum><header>Overseas Private
Investment Corporation</header>
<section id="H4754BFC7D3FB4DE0A063994417E9E239"><enum>7101.</enum><header>Creation and
purpose</header>
<subsection id="H2848DD0AC23F480D8E44F6A846F4ECB1"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Creation</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">There is established the Overseas Private
Investment Corporation (in this subtitle referred to as the
<quote>Corporation</quote>), which shall be an agency of the United States
under the policy guidance of the Secretary of State and the Interagency Policy
Committee on Global Development.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HE0D9A6EADD2444A28F8918CEA08ADEBC"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Purpose</header>
<paragraph id="HB6BC951359FA4AE6ADB0764EF6FBFB7A"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>The primary purpose of the Corporation shall be to
mobilize and facilitate the participation of United States private capital in
the economic and social development of less developed countries, thereby
complementing the foreign policy and development assistance objectives of the
United States.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H1340AAC5CEC549CEBAC26B62BCC1334D"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Responsibilities</header><text>In
carrying out its purpose, the Corporation shall undertake—</text>
<subparagraph id="H6A3F2ABEC2AC40C3B2D14D16B0D6D40B"><enum>(A)</enum><text>to conduct
financing, insurance, and reinsurance operations on a self-sustaining basis,
taking into account in its financing operations the economic and financial
soundness of projects;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H6228DAC194774FAA8E5FA5336C0E5115"><enum>(B)</enum><text>to use private
credit and investment institutions and the Corporation’s guaranty authority as
the principal means of mobilizing capital investment funds;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H906442DC7EA943B6B5DC32FC2488FE00"><enum>(C)</enum><text>to broaden private
participation and revolve its funds through selling its direct loans to private
investors whenever it can appropriately do so on satisfactory terms;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HDED99C93C9554C0BA9E9B7F2E0DF2D94"><enum>(D)</enum><text>to conduct its
insurance operations with due regard to principles of risk management,
including efforts to share its insurance risks and reinsurance risks;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H4D5B1CADBB2543F99FC472AC99F60D99"><enum>(E)</enum><text>to support the
expansion of private enterprise and market-based economies;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HBF82C4CABE3F4BDA81D78301C9982F27"><enum>(F)</enum><text>to conduct its
activities in coordination with the Interagency Policy Committee on Global
Development, so as to carry out the foreign policy and development strategy of
the United States; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H9DABBB35FBEB4481BA53F2EE258A27B5"><enum>(G)</enum><text>to advise and
assist agencies of the United States and other organizations, both public and
private, national and international, with respect to projects and programs
relating to the development of private enterprise in less developed
countries.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></subsection></section><section id="HB3DB1E3431654EC18719DA3D3C2698F1"><enum>7102.</enum><header>Prohibitions
and restrictions</header>
<subsection id="H7D575FB5622047F18080C2ADD168D0D7"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Prohibitions</header><text>The
Corporation shall—</text>
<paragraph id="HCA6299CFA8314A4E9DCFF3D0586F9906"><enum>(1)</enum><text>decline to issue
any contract of insurance or reinsurance, or any guaranty, or to enter into any
agreement to provide financing for a proposed investment, if the Corporation
determines that such investment is likely to cause a reduction in the
employment of United States persons;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H2DCF361B8FE84A58AD1112F7D81555F1"><enum>(2)</enum><text>decline to insure,
reinsure, guarantee, or finance any investment that would reduce exports of
goods or services of United States origin or otherwise negatively affect the
balance of trade of the United States;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HCD346364A48A4ABA96AB9EF09C271992"><enum>(3)</enum><text>decline to insure,
reinsure, guarantee, or finance any investment in connection with a project
that the Corporation determines will negatively affect the environment, or
cause a health or safety hazard; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HE31062230FC54409A618155DC4924251"><enum>(4)</enum><text>decline to insure,
reinsure, guarantee, or finance any investment in connection with a project
that the Corporation determines will negatively affect the human rights,
employment, living standard, social welfare, or culture of any persons in the
country where the project is to be located.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H827EC1BAB16F404292F4C58C67091D7B"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Worker
rights</header>
<paragraph id="H0915F5043F95409FB82986736716477F"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Protection of
worker rights</header><text>The Corporation may insure, reinsure, guarantee, or
finance a project only if the country in which the project is to be undertaken
is taking steps to adopt and implement laws that extend internationally
recognized worker rights, as defined in section 507(4) of the Trade Act of
1974, to workers in that country (including any designated zone in that
country). The Corporation shall also include the following language, in
substantially the following form, in all contracts that the Corporation enters
into with eligible investors to provide financial support under this
subtitle:</text>
<quoted-block display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H8032AB3788FB47F4A4B5BD817FABFEAF" style="OLC">
<paragraph id="H216D608112E441A9B991A59697EC0119"><enum></enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The investor and all parties involved in
the project agree to protect the right of employees of the foreign enterprise
to exercise their right of association and their right to organize and bargain
collectively. The investor and all parties involved in the project further
agree to comply with core labor standards of the International Labor
Organization and United Nations declarations on workers and worker rights
relating to a minimum age for employment of children, acceptable conditions of
work with respect to minimum wages, hours of work, and occupational health and
safety, and a prohibition on the use of forced
labor.</text>
</paragraph><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H283077DA0BE04EC29FC77E38E8AE4A2B"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Use of annual
reports on workers rights</header><text>The Corporation shall, in making its
determinations under paragraph (1), use the reports submitted to the Congress
pursuant to section 504 of the Trade Act of 1974.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H1EDDCDE6F6D44654B48E67FB9479F7F7"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Waiver</header><text>Paragraph
(1) shall not prohibit the Corporation from providing any insurance,
reinsurance, guaranty, or financing with respect to a country if the President
determines that such activities by the Corporation would be in the national
economic or foreign policy interests of the United States. Any such
determination shall be reported in writing to the Congress, together with the
reasons for the determination.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H6B1091DCB22A429A8FB376B93176056F"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Environmental
impact</header>
<paragraph id="HC23E7950B96B4885B0BA5D5D4A75EFF6"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>The Board of Directors of the Corporation shall not
consider or approve any action proposed to be taken by the Corporation that is
likely to have adverse environmental impacts, unless for a period of at least
60 days before the date of the vote—</text>
<subparagraph id="HEB20A8AAD40F490A8F4D387389ED1281"><enum>(A)</enum><text>an environmental
impact assessment, or initial environmental audit, analyzing the environmental
impacts of the proposed action and of alternatives to the proposed action has
been completed by the project applicant and made available to the Board of
Directors; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HE323FAC37C324A268B5BF085C8C6C002"><enum>(B)</enum><text>such assessment or
audit has been made available to the public of the United States, locally
affected groups in the host country, and host country nongovernmental
organizations.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="HCD08E52A46E9419EB91F6E609A32B81A"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Compliance with
extractive industries transparency initiative</header><text>The Board of
Directors shall ensure that the projects for which the Corporation provides
insurance, reinsurance, a guaranty, or financing are in compliance with the
Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative, or any successor international
standard.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section commented="no" id="H0A2582E29AE840E29284B322C0075EAA"><enum>7103.</enum><header>Capital of the
corporation</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">The capital stock
of the Corporation issued before the date of the enactment of this Act and held
by the Secretary of the Treasury as of such date of enactment shall continue to
be the capital stock of the Corporation on and after such date of
enactment.</text>
</section><section id="H875BB379EDD24A03A49209D4B56968A2"><enum>7104.</enum><header>Organization
and management</header>
<subsection id="HAB7B297D313D471091D3ABF608F9F0C5"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Structure of the
corporation</header><text>The Corporation shall have a Board of Directors, a
President, an Executive Vice President, and such other officers and staff as
the Board of Directors may determine.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H7E5BD2347F1D46CF805061B8D3E35892"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Board of
directors</header>
<paragraph id="H537A854D8A2542E4A64E2D7CEE0A8362"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">All powers of the
Corporation shall vest in and be exercised by or under the authority of its
Board of Directors (hereinafter in this subtitle referred to as the
<quote>Board</quote>), which shall consist of 15 Directors, including the
Chairman, with 8 Directors constituting a quorum for the transaction of
business.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HBEF612B21E714DB09CB28C0ADF36C8EF"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Membership</header>
<subparagraph id="HAD318AE96E9E4A68B690636B52E89086"><enum>(A)</enum><header>Presidential
appointees</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Eight Directors
shall be appointed by the President of the United States, by and with the
advice and consent of the Senate, and may not be officers or employees of the
United States Government. Two of the 8 Directors appointed under the preceding
sentence shall be experienced in international development, 2 shall be
experienced in international labor and human rights, 2 shall be experienced in
environmental protection, and 2 shall be experienced in insurance and
international finance. Each such Director shall be appointed for a term of not
more than 3 years. The terms of not more than 3 such Directors may expire in
any one year. Such Directors shall serve until their successors are appointed
and qualified, and may be reappointed.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H9DB871A27A994ED895ECD58B15EBA732"><enum>(B)</enum><header>Officers of the
government</header><text>The remaining Directors shall be principal officers of
the United States Government, including the President of the Corporation, the
Administrator of the Agency for International Development, and one such officer
of the Department of State, the Department of the Treasury, the Environmental
Protection Agency, the Department of Labor, and the Department of Commerce, who
are designated by and serve at the pleasure of the President of the United
States.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H1E1C71F907554557AA8930BA990760A1"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Chair and vice
chair</header><text>There shall be a Chair and a Vice Chair of the Board, both
of whom shall be designated by the President of the United States from among
the Directors of the Board designated under paragraph (2)(B).</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HD4A2CBA3F4534E90A94F745EDD9E22E4"><enum>(4)</enum><header>Compensation</header><text>All
Directors who are not officers of the Corporation or officers of the United
States Government shall be compensated at a rate equivalent to that of level IV
of the Executive Schedule under section 5315 of title 5, United States Code,
when actually engaged in the business of the Corporation, and may be paid per
diem in lieu of subsistence at the applicable rate prescribed in the
standardized Government travel regulations, while away from their homes or
usual places of business.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HB9A854E859CF437784211DA99124477A"><enum>(c)</enum><header>President of the
corporation</header><text>The President of the Corporation shall be appointed
by the President of the United States, by and with the advice and consent of
the Senate, and shall serve at the pleasure of the President. The President of
the Corporation shall be its Chief Executive Officer and shall be responsible
for the operations and management of the Corporation, subject to bylaws and
policies established by the Board.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H46810EF8818C4699AFBC192E470C2985"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Officers and
staff</header>
<paragraph id="H82A0CC13F98040DC8BFEDD1CC048D100"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The Executive Vice
President of the Corporation shall be appointed by the President of the United
States, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, and shall serve at
the pleasure of the President. Other officers, attorneys, employees, and agents
shall be selected and appointed by the Corporation, and shall be vested with
such powers and duties as the Corporation may determine.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HE55C43C65FC94F8783F1AA1061490FAF"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Applicability of
civil service laws</header><text>Of the persons employed by the Corporation
under paragraph (1), not more than 20 may be appointed, compensated, or removed
without regard to the civil service laws and regulations, except that under
such regulations as the President of the United States may prescribe, officers
and employees of the United States Government who are appointed to any of such
positions may be entitled, upon removal from such position, except for cause,
to reinstatement to the position occupied at the time of appointment or to a
position of comparable grade and salary. Such positions shall be in addition to
those otherwise authorized by law, including those authorized by section 5108
of title 5, United States Code.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H781FBED35BED4F72BD86A747244D9825"><enum>(e)</enum><header>Inspector
General</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The Board shall
appoint and maintain an Inspector General in the Corporation, in accordance
with the Inspector General Act of 1978 (5 U.S.C. App.).</text>
</subsection></section><section id="H495B4293F74A44D9B78FA3347E4B5B18"><enum>7105.</enum><header> Investment
Insurance and Other Programs</header>
<subsection id="HF171C056317548DABC0F502F655FF82B"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Investment
insurance</header>
<paragraph id="H4CF47F6021D040108EB2947D27ED35D4"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The Corporation may
issue insurance, upon such terms and conditions as the Corporation may
determine, to eligible investors, assuring protection in whole or in part
against any or all of the following risks with respect to projects which the
Corporation has approved:</text>
<subparagraph id="H9FD47053FE764DEE9A8C753FBF0D78DE"><enum>(A)</enum><text>Inability to
convert into United States dollars other currencies, or credits in such
currencies, received as earnings or profits from the approved project, as
repayment or return of the investment therein, in whole or in part, or as
compensation for the sale or disposition of all or any part thereof.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H19B850E8A2234E9A89B6DACF4279E9E6"><enum>(B)</enum><text>Loss of
investment, in whole or in part, in the approved project due to expropriation
or confiscation by action of a foreign government or any political subdivision
thereof.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H68B2BC7ABBC3433297899EBC1204A3A7"><enum>(C)</enum><text>Loss due to war,
revolution, insurrection, or civil strife.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HEADC533FB05F4C458DB7C6F3031A979E"><enum>(D)</enum><text>Loss due to
business interruption caused by any of the risks set forth in subparagraphs
(A), (B), and (C).</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H082949A8ECE046F8B442311880BCF721"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Shared
liabilities</header><text>Recognizing that major private investments in less
developed friendly countries or areas are often made by enterprises in which
there is multinational participation, including significant United States
private participation, the Corporation may make arrangements with foreign
governments (including agencies, instrumentalities, or political subdivisions
thereof) or with multilateral organizations and institutions for sharing
liabilities assumed under investment insurance for such investments and may in
connection therewith issue insurance to investors that do not otherwise qualify
as eligible investors, except that—</text>
<subparagraph id="HC0DC1EE61C4C43B4A42E5C3800AE5B49"><enum>(A)</enum><text>liabilities
assumed by the Corporation under the authority of this paragraph shall be
consistent with the purposes of this subtitle; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H4AC86F817A684920B82935D95F9F11ED"><enum>(B)</enum><text>the maximum share
of liabilities so assumed may not exceed the proportionate participation by
eligible investors in the project.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="HF419ADD6954F4168B9BB2A733546AB4D"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Limitation on
single investors</header><text>Not more than 10 percent of the maximum
contingent liability of investment insurance that the Corporation is permitted
to have outstanding under section 7106(a)(1) may be issued to a single
investor.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HC5E63C4500F04A20A31D42CB62D77F64"><enum>(4)</enum><header>Reports to
Congress on certain risks</header><text>Before issuing insurance for the first
time for loss due to business interruption, and in each subsequent instance in
which a significant expansion is proposed in the type of risk to be insured
under the definition of <quote>civil strife</quote> or <quote>business
interruption</quote>, the Corporation shall, at least 60 days before such
insurance is issued, submit to the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate
and the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives a report
with respect to such insurance, including a thorough analysis of the risks to
be covered, anticipated losses, and proposed rates and reserves and, in the
case of insurance for loss due to business interruption, an explanation of the
underwriting basis upon which the insurance is to be offered. Any such report
with respect to insurance for loss due to business interruption shall be
considered in accordance with the procedures applicable to reprogramming
notifications pursuant to section 9401 of this Act.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H0061407499CB4598A9A077A40147A06F"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Investment
guaranties</header><text>The Corporation may issue to eligible investors
guaranties of loans and other investments made by such investors assuring
against loss due to such risks and upon such terms and conditions as the
Corporation may determine, subject to the following:</text>
<paragraph id="HFEE334F57406478DBC8D509922300E3D"><enum>(1)</enum><text>Such guaranties on
other than loan investments may not exceed 75 percent of such
investment.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HBEA52BA19EE84387B7DD8522E1F9F9AF"><enum>(2)</enum><text>Except for loan
investments for credit unions made by eligible credit unions or credit union
associations, the aggregate amount of investment (exclusive of interest and
earnings) so guaranteed with respect to any project may not exceed, at the time
of issuance of any such guaranty, 75 percent of the total investment committed
to any such project as determined by the Corporation, such determination to be
conclusive for purposes of the Corporation’s authority to issue any such
guaranty.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HCF876DFAC4384970820F76D80869F5C5"><enum>(3)</enum><text>Not more than 15
percent of the maximum contingent liability of investment guaranties that the
Corporation is permitted to have outstanding under section 7106(a)(1) may be
issued to a single investor.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HD9C25237C7024640B8D7970B4A180AE4"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Direct
loans</header>
<paragraph id="HB3EBFB51C922499BB7D3BCCD312EFAD5"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Authority</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The Corporation may make loans in United
States dollars repayable in dollars or loans in foreign currencies (including,
without regard to section 1306 of title 31, United States Code, such foreign
currencies that the Secretary of the Treasury may determine to be excess to the
normal requirements of the United States and the Director of the Office of
Management and Budget may allocate) to firms privately owned or of mixed
private and public ownership, upon such terms and conditions as the Corporation
may determine.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HF682A718996C4C3CAFA4C44070916B8F"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Portion of loan
for technologies and projects in the United States</header><text>The
Corporation may designate up to 25 percent of any loan under this subsection
for use in the development or adaptation in the United States of new
technologies or new products or services that are to be used in the project for
which the loan is made and are likely to contribute to the economic or social
development of less developed countries.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HC70C712B59644975A941A00387AD737D"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Restriction on
extraction of oil, gas, and minerals</header><text>No loan may be made under
this subsection to finance any operation for the extraction of oil or gas. The
aggregate amount of loans under this subsection to finance operations for the
mining or other extraction of any deposit of ore or other nonfuel minerals may
not in any fiscal year exceed $4,000,000.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H5BC840BC882843CD83A65F297A2F80EA"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Investment
encouragement</header><text>The Corporation may initiate and support through
financial participation, incentive grant, or otherwise, and on such terms and
conditions as the Corporation may determine, the identification, assessment,
surveying, and promotion of private investment opportunities, using wherever
feasible and effective the facilities of private investors, except that—</text>
<paragraph id="H3FEF1827509547ECBB8D03E18594B177"><enum>(1)</enum><text>the Corporation
may not finance any survey to ascertain the existence, location, extent, or
quality of, or to determine the feasibility of undertaking operations for the
extraction of, oil or gas; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H6BCBAD5DCD5C46BFB5944C574E7FA151"><enum>(2)</enum><text>expenditures
financed by the Corporation during any fiscal year on surveys to ascertain the
existence, location, extent, or quality of, or to determine the feasibility of
undertaking operations for the extraction of, nonfuel minerals may not exceed
$200,000.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H2AC861BF5C34407FB4BFDE8341072309"><enum>(e)</enum><header>Special
activities</header><text>The Corporation may administer and manage special
projects and programs, including programs of financial and advisory support
that provide private technical, professional, or managerial assistance in the
development of human resources, skills, technology, capital savings, and
intermediate financial and investment institutions and cooperatives and
including the initiation of incentives, grants, and studies for renewable
energy and other small business activities. The funds for such projects and
programs may, with the Corporation’s concurrence, be transferred to it for such
purposes under the authority of section 11505(a) or from other sources, public
or private. Administrative funds may not be made available for incentives,
grants, and studies for renewable energy and other small business
activities.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H5A7DA5B9BC91436C8A75174EB885DB69"><enum>(f)</enum><header>Other insurance
functions</header>
<paragraph display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HD54EC111D44F42569B690B4AED05A4E6"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Reinsurance,
etc</header><text>The Corporation may make and carry out contracts of insurance
or reinsurance, or agreements to associate or share risks, with insurance
companies, financial institutions, any other persons, or groups thereof, and
employing such companies, institutions, persons, or groups where appropriate,
as its agent, or acting as their agent, in the issuance and servicing of
insurance, the adjustment of claims, the exercise of subrogation rights, the
ceding and accepting of reinsurance, and in any other matter incident to an
insurance business, except that such agreements and contracts shall be
consistent with the purposes of the Corporation set forth in section 7101 and
shall be on equitable terms.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H55EDB33A44FA4A8483302585D0902CBA"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Risk
sharing</header><text>The Corporation may enter into pooling or other
risk-sharing agreements with multinational insurance or financing agencies or
groups of such agencies.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H4CE0BF3C92BD4E9EA43FB34700A692EA"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Holding
ownership interests</header><text>The Corporation may hold an ownership
interest in any association or other entity established for the purposes of
sharing risks under investment insurance.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H9DDF56497BFA4D93B79B985EE6CC14E7"><enum>(4)</enum><header>Reinsurance of
certain liabilities</header><text>The Corporation may issue, upon such terms
and conditions as it may determine, reinsurance of liabilities assumed by other
insurers or groups thereof with respect to risks referred to in subsection
(a)(1).</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H404BAB18EC544A5BB407E464813A2879"><enum>(5)</enum><header>Limit on
reinsurance</header><text>The amount of reinsurance of liabilities under this
subtitle that the Corporation may issue may not in the aggregate exceed at any
one time an amount equal to the amount authorized for the maximum contingent
liability outstanding at any one time under section 7106(a)(1). All reinsurance
issued by the Corporation under this subsection shall require that the
reinsured party retain for that party’s own account specified portions of
liability, whether first loss or otherwise.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HA78B2DFBE7D34E068FB7C3843C2605A8"><enum>(g)</enum><header>Local currency
guaranties for eligible investors</header><text>The Corporation may issue to
eligible investors, or to local financial institutions, guaranties, denominated
in currencies other than United States dollars, of loans and other investments
made to projects sponsored by or significantly involving eligible investors,
assuring against loss due to such risks and upon such terms and conditions as
the Corporation may determine, for projects that the Corporation determines to
have significant developmental effects or as the Corporation determines to be
necessary or appropriate to carry out the purposes of this subtitle.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HE83B980DAA274A1C93A4E37F59410AD1"><enum>(h)</enum><header>Public
hearings</header>
<paragraph display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HE5BDDA9B83264E39BCD7DC3D7F9AFF97"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Annual public
hearings</header><text>The Board shall hold at least one public hearing each
year in order to afford an opportunity for any person to present views as to
whether the Corporation is carrying out its activities in accordance with
section 7101 and this section or whether any investment in a particular country
should have been or should be extended insurance, reinsurance, guaranties, or
financing under this subtitle.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H8C91122F6A2F4067A74A680DA19D7565"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Hearings in
connection with Board meetings</header><text>In conjunction with each meeting
of its Board, the Corporation shall hold a public hearing in order to afford an
opportunity for any person to present views regarding the activities of the
Corporation. Such views shall be made part of the record.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section id="HE01E8D523B8B4848BC8CD5232CF8FAB9"><enum>7106.</enum><header>Issuing
authority; direct loan authority; discharge of liabilities</header>
<subsection id="HE7507FB4BC0F48DBB3547CEA7586AEED"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Issuing
authority</header>
<paragraph display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H48A190D554254286BA9274CC7BCEBDCE"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Maximum
contingent liability</header><text>The maximum contingent liability outstanding
at any one time pursuant to insurance issued under section 7105(a), and the
amount of financing issued under subsections (b) and (c) of section 7105, may
not exceed in the aggregate $50,000,000,000.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H845901878D9440ABAFAE3DF3AB5FDFD4"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Payment of
subsidy and administrative costs</header><text>Subject to spending authority
provided in appropriations Acts pursuant to section 504(b) of the Federal
Credit Reform Act of 1990, the Corporation may transfer such sums as are
necessary from its noncredit activities to pay for the subsidy and
administrative costs of the investment guaranties and direct loan programs
under subsections (b) and (c) of section 7105.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HB6A2C21A85954A6CBADD409C83625FC4"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Noncredit
account revolving fund</header><text>There is established in the Treasury of
the United States a noncredit account revolving fund, which shall be available
for discharge of liabilities, as provided in subsection (c), until such time as
all such liabilities have been discharged or have expired or until all of the
fund has been expended in accordance with the provisions of this section. Such
fund shall be funded by—</text>
<paragraph commented="no" id="H5106E757B4334FD38B5D4569F368D59E"><enum>(1)</enum><text>the funds
remaining, on the day before the date of the enactment of this Act, in the
noncredit account revolving fund established under section 235(c) of the
Foreign Assistance Act of 1961;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HED86D45CD2884E489FECB8C46E05C347"><enum>(2)</enum><text>such sums as are
appropriated pursuant to subsection (d) for such purpose; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H144FBC7D262F41E697B579A8621D7A28"><enum>(3)</enum><text>additional amounts
as may be transferred to such fund pursuant to section 7107.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H817A44DDB17E41BEA02F6455D656169E"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Order of
payments To discharge liabilities</header><text>Any payment made to discharge
liabilities under investment insurance or reinsurance issued under section 7105
or under similar predecessor guaranty authority, shall be paid first out of the
noncredit account revolving fund, as long as such fund remains available, and
thereafter out of funds made available pursuant to subsection (d) of this
section. Any payments made to discharge liabilities under guaranties issued
under subsection (b) or (c) of section 7105 shall be paid in accordance with
the Federal Credit Reform Act of 1990.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H52E5E2DBD004430B9967483FC716C95C"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Authorization of
appropriations</header>
<paragraph id="HAA6D65EC81E04AB18178702B8EB5008A"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">There are authorized
to be appropriated to the Corporation, to remain available until expended, such
amounts as may be necessary from time to time to replenish or increase the
noncredit account revolving fund, to discharge the liabilities under insurance,
reinsurance, or guaranties issued by the Corporation or issued under
predecessor guaranty authority, or to discharge obligations of the Corporation
purchased by the Secretary of the Treasury pursuant to this subsection.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H827B1E45BDFF44C2B7F2C1620F4037BD"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Limitation on
appropriations</header><text>No appropriations may be made to augment the
noncredit account revolving fund until the amount of funds in the noncredit
account revolving fund is less than $25,000,000. Any appropriations to augment
the noncredit account revolving fund shall then only be made either pursuant to
specific authorization enacted after the date of the enactment of this Act, or
to satisfy the full faith and credit provision of section 7108(c).</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HCDFA6210154E45798A445DB97F7FD962"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Issuance of
Treasury instruments</header><text>In order to discharge liabilities under
investment insurance or reinsurance, the Corporation may issue from time to
time for purchase by the Secretary of the Treasury its notes, debentures,
bonds, or other obligations, except that the aggregate amount of such
obligations outstanding at any one time may not exceed $100,000,000. Any such
obligation shall be repaid to the Treasury within one year after the date of
issue of such obligation. Any such obligation shall bear interest at a rate
determined by the Secretary of the Treasury, taking into consideration the
current average market yield on outstanding marketable obligations of the
United States of comparable maturities during the month preceding the issuance
of the obligation. The Secretary of the Treasury shall purchase any obligation
of the Corporation issued under this subsection, and for such purchase the
Secretary may use as a public debt transaction the proceeds of the sale of any
securities issued under chapter 31 of title 31, United States Code (or the
Second Liberty Bond Act), after the date of the enactment of the Overseas
Private Investment Corporation Amendments Act of 1974. The purpose for which
securities may be issued under such chapter shall include any such
purchase.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section id="HC64F80BD0F854C588A78EB1F3DD5E955"><enum>7107.</enum><header>Income and
revenues</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">In order to carry out
the purposes of the Corporation, all revenues and income transferred to or
earned by the Corporation, from whatever source derived, shall be held by the
Corporation and shall be available to carry out its purposes, including without
limitation—</text>
<paragraph id="H022DCC6EAAC744FDA3338BFB4CEC924C"><enum>(1)</enum><text>payment of all
expenses of the Corporation, including investment promotion expenses;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HDC0F6A5F40014E458433A304CC7A41F1"><enum>(2)</enum><text>transfers and
additions to the insurance or guaranty reserves, noncredit account revolving
fund, and such other funds or reserves as the Corporation may establish, at
such time and in such amounts as the Board may determine; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H4505208A787641D5925913DAB300E183"><enum>(3)</enum><text>payment of
dividends, on capital stock, which shall consist of and be paid from net
earnings of the Corporation after payments, transfers, and additions under
paragraphs (1) and (2).</text>
</paragraph></section><section id="H5C106A647E6B462C892630379038DA8A"><enum>7108.</enum><header>General
provisions relating to insurance, guaranty, and financing program</header>
<subsection id="HE883B78CF65E4A64BC7B4FDC9658A3FE"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Agreement with
host country</header><text>Insurance, guaranties, and reinsurance issued under
this subtitle shall cover investment made in connection with projects in any
less developed country with the government to which the President of the United
States has agreed to institute a program for insurance, guaranties, or
reinsurance.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H70CF2351707D467391F9762AC6FE382F"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Protection of
interests of corporation</header><text>The Corporation shall determine that
suitable arrangements exist for protecting the interest of the Corporation in
connection with any insurance, guaranty, or reinsurance issued under this
subtitle, including arrangements concerning ownership, use, and disposition of
the currency, credits, assets, or investments on account of which payment under
such insurance, guaranty, or reinsurance is to be made, and right, title,
claim, or cause of action existing in connection therewith.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HE298589FD4424F0EAFD14A9E6288236B"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Full faith and
credit of the United States</header><text>All insurance, reinsurance, and
guaranties issued under this subtitle or predecessor guaranty authority shall
constitute obligations, in accordance with the terms of such insurance,
reinsurance, or guaranties, of the United States of America and the full faith
and credit of the United States of America is hereby pledged for the full
payment and performance of such obligations.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HA1AAF1BEF52249D1A3FBBE8AAFFA62EB"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Fees</header>
<paragraph id="HC5F74A5E26244C75934861589E406B35"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Fees may be charged
for providing insurance, reinsurance, guaranties, financing, and other services
under this subtitle in amounts to be determined by the Corporation. In the
event fees charged for insurance, reinsurance, guaranties, financing, or other
services are reduced, fees to be paid under existing contracts for the same
type of insurance, reinsurance, guaranties, financing, or services and for
similar guaranties issued under predecessor guaranty authority may be
reduced.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H4266AA8693EF4ECD8F90F6BD0D913A47"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Credit
transaction costs</header><text>Project-specific transaction costs incurred by
the Corporation relating to loan obligations or loan guaranty commitments
covered by the provisions of the Federal Credit Reform Act of 1990, including
the costs of project-related travel and expenses for legal representation
provided by persons outside the Corporation and other similar expenses that are
charged to the borrower, shall be paid out of the appropriate finance account
established pursuant to section 505(b) of that Act.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HBB1C8DC6A86C45D99592898C22F5CC7B"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Noncredit
transaction costs</header><text>Fees paid for the project-specific transaction
costs and other direct costs associated with services provided to specific
investors or potential investors pursuant to section 7105 (other than those
covered in paragraph (2)), including financing, insurance, reinsurance,
missions, seminars, conferences, and other preinvestment services, shall be
available for obligation for the purposes for which they were collected,
notwithstanding any other provision of law.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HEC168573F4D74533967C5BA2010F3955"><enum>(e)</enum><header>Limitation on
term of assistance</header><text>No insurance, guaranty, or reinsurance of any
equity investment may extend beyond 20 years from the date of issuance.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H55E88C04944542969DE8CC0CE15EEEF5"><enum>(f)</enum><header>Limitation on
compensation</header>
<paragraph id="H42A0B5F2E2E945E8B6B4E3FA201E855D"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Compensation for any
insurance, reinsurance, or guaranty issued under this subtitle may not exceed
the dollar value, as of the date of the investment, of the investment made in
the project with the approval of the Corporation, plus interest, earnings, or
profits actually accrued on such investment to the extent provided by such
insurance, reinsurance, or guaranties, except that the Corporation may provide
that—</text>
<subparagraph id="HCD3E4B718CB94373B915F3FD74B571FE"><enum>(A)</enum><text>appropriate
adjustments in the insured dollar value be made to reflect the replacement cost
of project assets;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HFBCE18B9ABD940E48D57824082629D65"><enum>(B)</enum><text>compensation for a
claim of loss under insurance of an equity investment may be computed on the
basis of the net book value attributable to such equity investment on the date
of loss; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HA18F8BE0F2664E06A08F9654ED118404"><enum>(C)</enum><text>compensation for
loss due to business interruption may be computed on a basis to be determined
by the Corporation that reflects amounts lost.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H4FAA9EB7F1E64053B635CFE2A61D62A6"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Limitation on
risk of loss</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Notwithstanding
paragraph (1), the Corporation shall limit the amount of direct insurance and
reinsurance issued by it under section 7105 so that risk of loss as to at least
10 percent of the total investment of the insured and its affiliates in the
project is borne by the insured and such affiliates, except that limitation
shall not apply to direct insurance or reinsurance of loans by banks or other
financial institutions to unrelated parties.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HF724F282BABE44A199C255668EC24B50"><enum>(g)</enum><header>No payment when
fraud involved</header><text>No payment may be made under any guaranty,
insurance, or reinsurance issued under this subtitle for any loss arising out
of fraud or misrepresentation for which the party seeking payment is
responsible.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H0E1CEBD68EE4470EA1DD32891A1B2608"><enum>(h)</enum><header>Limitation on
investment in foreign institutions</header><text>Insurance, guaranties, or
reinsurance issued under this subtitle of a loan or equity investment of an
eligible investor in a foreign bank, finance company, or other credit
institution shall extend only to such loan or equity investment and not to any
individual loan or equity investment made by such foreign bank, finance
company, or other credit institution.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HD92B1C1D241D4EA0BF97788EF564F7CA"><enum>(i)</enum><header>Settlement of
claims</header><text>Claims arising as a result of insurance, reinsurance, or
guaranty operations under this subtitle or under predecessor guaranty authority
may be settled, and disputes arising as a result thereof may be arbitrated with
the consent of the parties, on such terms and conditions as the Corporation may
determine. Payment made pursuant to any such settlement, or as a result of an
arbitration award, shall be final and conclusive, notwithstanding any other
provision of law.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HC0DE857B68A84E1A8F57AB9D4A2A7A50"><enum>(j)</enum><header>Presumption of
compliance of contracts</header><text>Each guaranty contract executed by such
officer or officers as may be designated by the Board shall be conclusively
presumed to be issued in compliance with the requirements of this
subtitle.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H2C4EA9744D164D8A92C6F413D231705D"><enum>(k)</enum><header>Consideration of
effect on balance of payments</header><text>In making a determination to issue
insurance, guaranties, or reinsurance under this subtitle, the Corporation
shall consider the possible adverse effect of the dollar investment under such
insurance, guaranty, or reinsurance upon the balance of payments of the United
States.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HDF43C42E55644E75BC9D2D62503B32BA"><enum>(l)</enum><header>Violation of
foreign corrupt practices act</header>
<paragraph display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HEFEA8C5C6DB44DBB8683CE53318F27AB"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>No payment may be made under any insurance or reinsurance
that is issued under this subtitle for any loss occurring with respect to a
project, if the preponderant cause of such loss was an act by the investor
seeking payment under this subtitle, by a person possessing majority ownership
and control of the investor at the time of the act, or by any agent of such
investor or controlling person, and a court of the United States has entered a
final judgment that such act constituted a violation under the Foreign Corrupt
Practices Act of 1977 or section 30A of the Securities Exchange Act of
1934.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H417F5F9F436C4F77B5DA6F3D9F72A48C"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Regulations to
bar eligibility</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The
Corporation shall adopt regulations setting forth appropriate conditions under
which any person convicted under the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977 or
section 30A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 for an offense related to a
project insured or otherwise supported by the Corporation shall be suspended,
for a period of not more than 5 years, from eligibility to receive any
insurance, reinsurance, guaranty, loan, or other financial support authorized
by this subtitle.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H7F69FB1792B74B42B2A8D7B2763A14D6"><enum>(m)</enum><header>Notification of
host country of health, safety, and environmental standards</header>
<paragraph display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H6CD4FFAC79054F1EB430AE1EF6B68FD1"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Notification</header>
<subparagraph id="H87FA94ABD7704664A49F5B780B63A610"><enum>(A)</enum><header>In
general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Before finally
providing insurance, reinsurance, guaranties, or financing under this subtitle
for any environmentally sensitive investment in connection with a project in a
country, the Corporation shall notify appropriate government officials of that
country of—</text>
<clause id="H179340D31ADE4921913894A315D91F38"><enum>(i)</enum><text>all
guidelines and other standards adopted by the International Bank for
Reconstruction and Development and any other international organization
relating to the public health or safety or the environment that are applicable
to the project; and</text>
</clause><clause id="H2465D2428FF246F6B13180D5386F4F71"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>to
the maximum extent practicable, any restriction under any law of the United
States relating to public health or safety or the environment that would apply
to the project if the project were undertaken in the United States.</text>
</clause></subparagraph><subparagraph id="H4C5CC1B0F86B410BA4746675D083FE1D"><enum>(B)</enum><header>Contents of
notification</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The notification
under the subparagraph (A) shall include a summary of the guidelines,
standards, and restrictions referred to in clauses (i) and (ii) of subparagraph
(A).</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H5592443FEBE24514B999BEA6510D8FBC"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Consideration of
comments</header><text>Before finally providing insurance, reinsurance,
guaranties, or financing for any investment subject to paragraph (1), the
Corporation shall take into account any comments it receives on the project
involved that the Corporation considers relevant to such project.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H7F6B3EE238484917B33ADE02A6489EE7"><enum>(n)</enum><header>Penalties for
fraud</header><text>Whoever knowingly makes any false statement or report, or
willfully overvalues any land, property, or security, for the purpose of
influencing in any way the action of the Corporation with respect to any
insurance, reinsurance, guaranty, loan, equity investment, or other activity of
the Corporation under section 7105, or any change or extension of any such
insurance, reinsurance, guaranty, loan, equity investment, or activity, by
renewal, deferment of action, or otherwise, or the acceptance, release, or
substitution of security therefor, shall be fined not more than $1,000,000 or
imprisoned not more than 30 years, or both.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H0489BE6A7F004F3B9986FA42FEB0F1EE"><enum>(o)</enum><header>Use of local
currencies</header><text>Direct loans or investments made in order to preserve
the value of funds received in inconvertible foreign currency by the
Corporation as a result of activities conducted pursuant to section 7105(a)
shall not be considered in determining whether the Corporation has made or has
outstanding loans or investments to the extent of any limitation on obligations
and equity investment imposed by or pursuant to this subtitle. The provisions
of section 504(b) of the Federal Credit Reform Act of 1990 shall not apply to
direct loan obligations made with funds described in this subsection.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="H1EA247E0884B48B0961AFC806AC3502D"><enum>7109.</enum><header>General
provisions and powers</header>
<subsection id="HCB6A52AC6B40456C8BE9DE4CA8684763"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Principal office
and residence</header><text>The Corporation shall have its principal office in
the District of Columbia and shall be deemed, for purposes of venue in civil
actions, to be resident thereof.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H358EE8C408504E3489B51C1BACF9B58A"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Applicability of
title 31 provisions</header>
<paragraph display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H4647D48EB50142E798C68A15226E6290"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>The Corporation shall be subject to the applicable
provisions of chapter 91 of title 31, United States Code, except as otherwise
provided in this subtitle.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HCC901F31F545487A9F40A35F104DBE34"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Audits</header><text>An
independent certified public accountant shall perform a financial and
compliance audit of the financial statements of the Corporation annually, in
accordance with generally accepted Government auditing standards for a
financial and compliance audit, as issued by the Comptroller General. The
independent certified public accountant shall report the results of such audit
to the Board. The financial statements of the Corporation shall be presented in
accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. These financial
statements and the report of the accountant shall be included in a report that
contains, to the extent applicable, the information identified in section 9106
of title 31, United States Code, and that the Corporation shall submit to the
Congress not later than 3 months after the end of the last fiscal year covered
by the audit. The Comptroller General may review the audit conducted by the
accountant and the report to the Congress in the manner and at such times as
the Comptroller General considers necessary.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HF8B6B93B171F4DB3BBA41BFC0EB708D4"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Audit by
gao</header><text>The Comptroller General shall, if the Comptroller General
considers it necessary or upon the request of the Congress, audit the financial
statements of the Corporation in the manner provided in paragraph (2). The
Corporation shall reimburse the Government Accountability Office for the full
cost of any audit conducted under this paragraph.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HCBB71B083FBC44CA9F50A7375644EB27"><enum>(4)</enum><header>Availability of
opic records</header><text>All books, accounts, financial records, reports,
files, workpapers, and property belonging to or in use by the Corporation and
the accountant who conducts the audit under paragraph (2), that are necessary
for purposes of this subsection, shall be made available to the representatives
of the Government Accountability Office.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H1946E48DB58E46CBAD02DAA397212A6C"><enum>(c)</enum><header>General
authorities</header><text>To carry out the purposes of this subtitle, the
Corporation may—</text>
<paragraph id="HF9B0A329933A4D8996E69E72730D07A1"><enum>(1)</enum><text>adopt and use a
corporate seal, which shall be judicially noticed;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HAC5FDF7D87334F278CCCE150A5C5BF68"><enum>(2)</enum><text>sue and be sued in
its corporate name;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HCC134E2AEAA54DFAA91DCEAF774E9053"><enum>(3)</enum><text>adopt, amend, and
repeal bylaws governing the conduct of its business and the performance of the
powers and duties granted to or imposed upon it by law;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H5A59FFB0AC2F4B4E9E46A6E68224CF8A"><enum>(4)</enum><text>acquire, hold, or
dispose of, upon such terms and conditions as the Corporation may determine,
any property, real, personal, or mixed, tangible or intangible, or any interest
therein;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H66A0C513963D410CB0CC7FAD68000E43"><enum>(5)</enum><text>invest funds
derived from fees and other revenues in obligations of the United States and
use the proceeds therefrom, including earnings and profits, as it considers
appropriate;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H830D77087A1040B39EF87E94C3EAD754"><enum>(6)</enum><text>indemnify
directors, officers, employees, and agents of the Corporation for liabilities
and expenses incurred in connection with their Corporation activities;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HA1CE1A44CC1B42488DD6F753B34335AB"><enum>(7)</enum><text>require bonds of
officers, employees, and agents and pay the premiums therefor;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HD96EFCD094844FD7A706E03473CAC3CF"><enum>(8)</enum><text>notwithstanding
any other provision of law, represent itself or contract for representation in
all legal and arbitral proceedings;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H600C102A7921443CA808B7C7977D9B45"><enum>(9)</enum><text>enter into
limited-term contracts with nationals of the United States for personal
services to carry out activities in the United States and abroad under
subsections (d) and (e) of section 7105;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H0157E577BD4044B798D98B8338C7B1C9"><enum>(10)</enum><text>purchase,
discount, rediscount, sell, and negotiate, with or without its endorsement or
guaranty, and guarantee notes, participation certificates, and other evidence
of indebtedness (except that the Corporation may not issue its own securities,
except participation certificates for the purpose of carrying out section
7101(b)(2)(C) or participation certificates as evidence of indebtedness held by
the Corporation in connection with settlement of claims under section
7108(i));</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HC4792AAA553549E1A0F7E873C20090B6"><enum>(11)</enum><text>make and carry
out such contracts and agreements as are necessary and advisable in the conduct
of its business;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H9DF1F827310C4FB7A9F4B2C872913AA4"><enum>(12)</enum><text>exercise the
priority of the United States Government in collecting debts from bankrupt,
insolvent, or decedents’ estates;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HDDA0F378CD9143FCA99326D536925DFE"><enum>(13)</enum><text>determine the
character of and the necessity for its obligations and expenditures, and the
manner in which they shall be incurred, allowed, and paid, subject to
provisions of law specifically applicable to Government corporations;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H59C6E2926D99417DA364F2497755A34A"><enum>(14)</enum><text>collect or
compromise any obligations assigned to or held by the Corporation, including
any legal or equitable rights accruing to the Corporation; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HD4DD4FCE64CE41B5AA43976514AED82C"><enum>(15)</enum><text>take such actions
as may be necessary or appropriate to carry out its powers.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H48421B9C413F4BEDB4511AC4E7C40726"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Development
impact profiles</header><text>In order to carry out the purpose set forth in
section 7101, the Corporation shall prepare and maintain for each investment
project it insures, finances, or reinsures, a development impact profile
consisting of data appropriate to measure the projected and actual effects of
such project on development. Criteria for evaluating projects shall be
developed in consultation with the United States Agency for International
Development.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H878E6A99D4F74F7DA7FAC40232C6B07E"><enum>(e)</enum><header>Human
rights</header><text>The Corporation shall take into account in the conduct of
its programs in a country, in consultation with the Secretary of State, all
available information about observance of and respect for human rights and
fundamental freedoms in such country and the effect the operation of such
programs will have on human rights and fundamental freedoms in such
country.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H8E2A16F84FAD427E83AF48F54BBC3BEE"><enum>(f)</enum><header>Taxation</header><text>The
Corporation, including its franchise, capital, reserves, surplus, advances,
intangible property, and income, shall be exempt from all taxation at any time
imposed by the United States, by any territory, dependency, or possession of
the United States, or by any State, the District of Columbia, or any county,
municipality, or local taxing authority.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H9CBFBA0CE1BB4B5E8F05DB16FF6ECB00"><enum>(g)</enum><header>Publication of
policy guidelines</header><text>The Corporation shall publish, and make
available to applicants for insurance, reinsurance, guaranties, financing, or
other assistance made available by the Corporation under this subtitle, the
policy guidelines of the Corporation relating to its programs.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="H7FB8E9041F0C4B27A4925AEA2E87C8F4"><enum>7110.</enum><header>Reports to the
Congress</header>
<subsection id="H64B335FFCFD94D4385F86EFF1990D2C7"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Annual
report</header><text>Not later than 3 months after the end of each fiscal year,
the Corporation shall submit to the Congress a complete and detailed report of
its operations during such fiscal year. Such report shall include—</text>
<paragraph id="HC869E0722D5E46ABA9C0DF49E9EF9777"><enum>(1)</enum><text>an assessment,
based upon the development impact profiles required by section 7109(d), of the
economic and social development impact and benefits of the projects with
respect to which such profiles are prepared, and of the extent to which the
operations of the Corporation complement or are compatible with the development
assistance programs of the United States and other donors; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H0745925108784BE89505373825539644"><enum>(2)</enum><text>a
description of any project for which the Corporation—</text>
<subparagraph id="HD19692B763024908B9F11EED14799E43"><enum>(A)</enum><text>refused to provide
any insurance, reinsurance, guaranty, financing, or other financial support, on
account of information received under section 7109(e); or</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" id="H70B64A4E09144B2B8B2C8436D934AD58"><enum>(B)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">notwithstanding such violations, provided
such insurance, reinsurance, guaranty, financing, or financial support, on the
basis of a determination that the national security interest so
requires.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H996309A0D143437186104D014B44C39F"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Projections on
U.S. employment</header>
<paragraph display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H905849E2B7AA49DCA05E627F4375E4E4"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In annual
reports</header><text>Each annual report required by subsection (a) shall
contain projections of the effects on employment in the United States of all
projects for which, during the preceding fiscal year, the Corporation initially
issued any insurance, reinsurance, or guaranty or made any direct loan. Each
such report shall include projections of—</text>
<subparagraph id="H65480D097AC44300A1711FCD3577027E"><enum>(A)</enum><text>the amount of
United States exports to be generated by those projects, both during the
startup phase and over a period of years;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HFA254A0629C645B6ABA69458448A53BF"><enum>(B)</enum><text>the final
destination of the products to be produced as a result of those projects;
and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H243B97F52BE542F3B8720E169E99DC6D"><enum>(C)</enum><text>the impact such
production will have on the production of similar products in the United States
with regard to both domestic sales and exports.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H2CC87729B98A4646B96BE716A73BD3F1"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Analysis of each
project required</header><text>The projections required by this subsection
shall be based on an analysis of each of the projects described in paragraph
(1).</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HE4B344B7E8DA464ABEF88874BCFF22F8"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Information to
be included</header>
<subparagraph id="H29B1CDA0042343CEBCCE49F3DC2E790A"><enum>(A)</enum><header>In
general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">In reporting the
projections on employment required by this subsection, the Corporation shall
specify, with respect to each project—</text>
<clause id="H7B46B817248B4F8C9B04EA9D82419081"><enum>(i)</enum><text>any
loss of jobs in the United States caused by the project, whether or not the
project itself creates other jobs;</text>
</clause><clause id="HF5183A097FCE4194AF076380865CFCD3"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>any
jobs created by the project; and</text>
</clause><clause id="H88E8D9B8832540D296755D7B28748271"><enum>(iii)</enum><text>the country in
which the project is located, and the economic sector involved in the
project.</text>
</clause></subparagraph><subparagraph id="H4817FB320B7B492CB6F6825A456B81AC"><enum>(B)</enum><header>Protection of
proprietary information</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">No
proprietary information may be disclosed under subparagraph (A).</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H5AB6E7D636D34037BE9AB3CB44E49FA1"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Records To be
maintained by Corporation</header><text>The Corporation shall maintain as part
of its records a copy of the analysis done of each project in preparing the
reports required by subsection (b).</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HBD146AAED1684A539BF7F85890FEC44B"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Protection of
confidential information</header><text>Subsection (b) does not require the
inclusion in any report submitted pursuant to that subsection of any
information that would not be required to be made available to the public
pursuant to section 552 of title 5, United States Code (relating to freedom of
information).</text>
</subsection></section><section id="H0022DA7AE76248E5B300AC57E5637845"><enum>7111.</enum><header>Definitions</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">In this subtitle:</text>
<paragraph id="H703147EE08F44E3FBF3ACE8E79FB404D"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Eligible
investor</header><text>The term <term>eligible investor</term> means—</text>
<subparagraph id="H4689E9E5FA7944D9975558EDCD61A521"><enum>(A)</enum><text>a United States
citizen; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H0BEBAA54402B4E579E429BA646E86076"><enum>(B)</enum><text>a corporation,
partnership, or other association, including a nonprofit association, that is
created under the laws of the United States, any State or territory thereof, or
the District of Columbia.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="HAD382A2D17BD44179761F7DC2740EDAA"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Expropriation</header><text>The
term <term>expropriation</term> includes any abrogation, repudiation, or
impairment by a foreign government, a political subdivision of a foreign
government, or a corporation owned or controlled by a foreign government, of
its own contract with an investor with respect to a project, if such
abrogation, repudiation, or impairment is not caused by the investor’s own
fault or misconduct, and materially adversely affects the continued operation
of the project.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H9897CCA9DF314ADEA89E0BC8F0217CB6"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Investment</header><text>The
term <term>investment</term> includes any contribution or commitment of funds,
commodities, services, patents, processes, or techniques, in the form
of—</text>
<subparagraph id="HACEE3A4949A94451A74F975F6335641D"><enum>(A)</enum><text>a loan or loans to
an approved project;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HBA19D2E771294C92A9A62B19D87A91E0"><enum>(B)</enum><text>the purchase of a
share of ownership in any such project;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H75CEE98413914E3E86F45C559927503A"><enum>(C)</enum><text>participation in
royalties, earnings, or profits of any such project; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HBFA30EAE6609430AA20240A9D8A79735"><enum>(D)</enum><text>the furnishing of
commodities or services pursuant to a lease or other contract.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H2FAC1D88A99E4836B73690FCD3869A7D"><enum>(4)</enum><header>Local financial
institution</header><text>The term <term>local financial
institution</term>—</text>
<subparagraph id="H6CC937731C564E839029E2F53B88FA2A"><enum>(A)</enum><text>means any bank or
financial institution that is organized under the laws of any country or area
in which the Corporation operates; but</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HDDD1DCED46424A95942A06BA85CCB3E9"><enum>(B)</enum><text>does not include a
branch, however organized, of a bank or other financial institution that is
organized under the laws of a country in which the Corporation does not
operate.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="HCCE865A2441A4BC1BDBEB3EE0364AFC5"><enum>(5)</enum><header>Noncredit
account revolving fund</header><text>The term <term>noncredit account revolving
fund</term> means the noncredit account revolving fund established under
section 7106(b).</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H62E7A23E0D854EAEAD981675BD339086"><enum>(6)</enum><header>Noncredit
activities</header><text>The term <term>noncredit activities</term> means all
activities of the Corporation other than its loan guaranty program under
section 7105(b) and its direct loan program under section 7105(c).</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HD2B92C286D474AAC8A09C7FB563B4584"><enum>(7)</enum><header>Predecessor
guaranty authority</header><text>The term <term>predecessor guaranty
authority</term> means prior guaranty authorities (other than housing guaranty
authorities) repealed by the Foreign Assistance Act of 1969, section 202(b) and
413(b) of the Mutual Security Act of 1954, section 111(b)(3) of the Economic
Cooperation Act of 1948 (exclusive of authority relating to informational media
guaranties), and authorities of the Corporation under title IV of chapter 2 of
part I of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="H111DBAE54BB94E16875EE8D989F58A90"><enum>(8)</enum><header>United States
person</header><text>The term <term>United States person</term> means—</text>
<subparagraph commented="no" id="HB10B97D8921F4A3B842BF530A7E17D00"><enum>(A)</enum><text>a United States
citizen or national; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" id="H25FAB43467FE4FC5AD53330C44811A9A"><enum>(B)</enum><text>any other entity
that qualifies as an eligible investor.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></section></subtitle><subtitle id="H6ADA8BB8CB1E499E88DA0301A8CC5B6F"><enum>B</enum><header>United States
Trade and Development Agency</header>
<section id="HA878D7F563664178A059D4EE4377EE38"><enum>7201.</enum><header>United States
Trade and Development Agency</header>
<subsection id="HC82C360C60C24D99BD27BAA01ED07AA2"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Purpose</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The United States Trade and Development
Agency (in this subtitle referred to as the <quote>Agency</quote>) shall be an
agency of the United States under the policy guidance of the Secretary of State
and the Interagency Policy Committee on Global Development. The primary purpose
of the Agency is to facilitate United States private sector participation in
development projects in developing countries, consistent with Country
Development Cooperation Strategies prepared under section 1018. The Agency may
also utilize its authorities and programs in other countries in furtherance of
United States foreign policy and economic interests.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H6395662443394DF790FCC65CD7CC8933"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Authority To
provide assistance</header>
<paragraph id="H482D840E9A1B4B1DB5B89DD38F3DC312"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Authority</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The Director of the Agency may, under the
direction of the Secretary of State and the Interagency Policy Committee on
Global Development, carry out this subtitle by providing funds for technical
assistance, feasibility studies, architectural and engineering design, and
other activities related to the goals of the United States to attract and
retain private sector investment in countries that are receiving United States
development assistance under this Act and to promote exports of United
States-origin goods and services.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H77EEDCEE609545538D9EF35CA2575E92"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Use of
funds</header><text>Funds under this section may be used to provide support for
feasibility studies for the planning, development, and management of, and
procurement for, bilateral and multilateral development projects, including
training activities undertaken in connection with a project, for the purpose of
promoting the use of United States-origin goods and services in such projects.
Funds under this section may also be used for architectural and engineering
design, including—</text>
<subparagraph id="H5CDE2C8ADB554AE780B48D828E2E73E9"><enum>(A)</enum><text>concept design,
which establishes the basic technical and operational criteria for a project,
such as architectural drawings for a proposed facility, evaluation of site
constraints, procurement requirements, and equipment specifications;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HE06CDC1F40F24092A871ED8F072C361E"><enum>(B)</enum><text>detail design,
which sets forth specific dimensions and criteria for structural, mechanical,
electrical, and architectural operations, and identifies other resources
required for project operations; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H164F3E6EE9574189BA9D82CC075104F3"><enum>(C)</enum><text>technical
assistance to facilitate the attraction and retention of private sector
investment to sustain economic development.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H68D74713972046B5BA12757058922B2F"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Information
dissemination</header>
<subparagraph display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HEAB49D24F98D4D23BFD4DB9D9E70FA40"><enum>(A)</enum><header>By the
agency</header><text>The Agency shall disseminate information about its project
activities to the private sector.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H1E52E707F2FD451CB7B9858EFA6FCE9C"><enum>(B)</enum><header>Cooperation of
other agencies</header><text>Other Federal agencies shall cooperate with the
Agency in order for the Agency to provide more effectively informational
services to persons in the private sector concerning trade development and
export promotion related to development projects.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H96F64F354D76463D97A251771D91F65B"><enum>(4)</enum><header>Contributions to
costs</header><text>The Agency shall, to the maximum extent practicable,
require corporations and other entities to—</text>
<subparagraph id="H062179EF93C745A987D3109EC99412FE"><enum>(A)</enum><text>share the costs of
technical assistance, feasibility studies, and other project planning services
funded under this section; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HCB9E0BEE4A704165B53DD3BDEC648A3A"><enum>(B)</enum><text>reimburse the
Agency for those funds provided under this section, if the corporation or
entity concerned succeeds in implementing the project.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H7E0940F5EB594EC3AC53074448419562"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Director and
personnel</header>
<paragraph id="H965BC5C81D8746D88E6BCE0F42B5674F"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Director</header><text>There
shall be at the head of the Agency a Director who shall be appointed by the
President, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H95C6EAF81F94454EB8F45EF746FE8325"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Officers and
employees</header>
<subparagraph display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H68E163A53EE54259AF83917FC1A8DE9E"><enum>(A)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>The Director may appoint such officers and employees of
the Agency as the Director considers appropriate.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H192748DF665446A38D3B6B51A4E2E13F"><enum>(B)</enum><header>Functions</header><text>The
officers and employees appointed under this paragraph shall have such functions
as the Director may determine.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H6F4255361B6640C0963EC2A2C925718E"><enum>(C)</enum><header>Inapplicability
of civil service laws</header><text>Of the officers and employees appointed
under this paragraph, 2 may be appointed without regard to the provisions of
title 5, United States Code, governing appointments in the competitive service,
and may be compensated without regard to the provisions of chapter 51 or
subchapter III of chapter 53 of such title.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H638C9597B81F40D7A5BEC52D6EAEA1C7"><enum>(D)</enum><header>Reinstatement of
certain employees</header><text>Under such regulations as the President may
prescribe, any individual appointed under subparagraph (C) may be entitled,
upon removal (except for cause) from the position to which the appointment was
made, to reinstatement to the position occupied by that individual at the time
of appointment or to a position of comparable grade and pay.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HF880B11D163B42B09EB72CCC820C5195"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Annual
report</header><text>The President shall, not later than December 31 of each
year, submit to the appropriate congressional committees a report on the
activities of the Agency during the preceding fiscal year.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H73ED84C52ABF440C8DA0076AA6DB9FC7"><enum>(e)</enum><header>Audits</header>
<paragraph id="HA1A09E09AC0D4A3CAA07205B402E33AB"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>The Agency shall be subject to the provisions of chapter
35 of title 31, United States Code, except as otherwise provided in this
section.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H6FA74847B74D48069B345B1F49C3018E"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Independent
audit</header><text>An independent certified public accountant shall perform a
financial and compliance audit of the financial statements of the Agency each
year, in accordance with generally accepted Government auditing standards for a
financial and compliance audit, taking into consideration any standards
recommended by the Comptroller General. The independent certified public
accountant shall report the results of such audit to the Director of the
Agency. The financial statements of the Agency shall be presented in accordance
with generally accepted accounting principles. These financial statements and
the report of the accountant shall be included in a report that contains, to
the extent applicable, the information identified in section 3512 of title 31,
United States Code, and that the Agency shall submit to the Congress not later
than 6½ months after the end of the last fiscal year covered by the audit. The
Comptroller General may review the audit conducted by the accountant and the
report to the Congress in the manner and at such times as the Comptroller
General considers necessary.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H7D39AEEA1252472DA5A6F7F7ED8EA561"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Audit by
comptroller general</header><text>The Comptroller General shall, if the
Comptroller General considers it necessary or upon the request of the Congress,
audit the financial statements of the Agency in the manner provided in
paragraph (2).</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H1EAE4AFE283E4A3CBB88050AFFAD0922"><enum>(4)</enum><header>Availability of
information</header><text>All books, accounts, financial records, reports,
files, workpapers, and property belonging to or in use by the Agency and the
accountant who conducts the audit under paragraph (2), that are necessary for
purposes of this subsection, shall be made available to the representatives of
the Government Accountability Office designated by the Comptroller
General.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H689247B8CF024487A29387EDADB20FA4"><enum>(f)</enum><header>Funding for
technical assistance grants by multilateral development banks</header>
<paragraph display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H51BC85A557624E4B8CBF8C2463C2B7C8"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>The Agency, in carrying out its program, may provide, as
appropriate, funds to multilateral development banks for technical assistance
grants.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HFB4BE3E0F7424A64B4D2F3CCB8E632C9"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Definitions</header><text>As
used in paragraph (1)—</text>
<subparagraph id="H2CBE0BA500634E1BA5B70E2ED63E683E"><enum>(A)</enum><text>the term
<term>technical assistance grants</term> means funding by multilateral
development banks of services from the United States in connection with
projects and programs supported by such banks, including engineering, design,
and consulting services; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HF79330A408D84CFF82B0A0A8B3267015"><enum>(B)</enum><text>the term
<term>multilateral development bank</term> has the meaning given that term in
section 1701(c) of the International Financial Institutions Act (22 U.S.C.
262r(c)).</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></subsection></section></subtitle><subtitle id="H8A5C31D68E534FA2BC28313519563BE6"><enum>C</enum><header>Enterprise Funds
</header>
<section id="H10F9E6AF84BE480E98CA827AA650CA5B"><enum>7301.</enum><header>Findings</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">Congress makes the following
findings:</text>
<paragraph id="HA3575F7C513F44BEA94B8A1C41BF7051"><enum>(1)</enum><text>Enterprise funds
are an effective mechanism to foster economic growth in support of United
States foreign policy and development goals, by stimulating private capital
flows and expanding financing for free market-based private enterprise.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H9DC9CBFF14384C5BA786802923ABEC52"><enum>(2)</enum><text>Enterprise funds
provide incentives for improvements in legal systems, commercial and tax codes,
and accounting practices, as essential foundations for sustained economic
growth.</text>
</paragraph></section><section id="H6D714B02D9A74203A1CCE782640384A1"><enum>7302.</enum><header>Purposes</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">The purposes of this subtitle are—</text>
<paragraph id="H1DA6D6D45764454B92BF13CD90ECC2B0"><enum>(1)</enum><text>to promote the
private sector of partner countries while considering the development impact of
investments and profitability of those investments, particularly in small- and
medium-sized enterprises;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H4F0FB24D65884815AACFA8771F808287"><enum>(2)</enum><text>to promote
policies and practices conducive to strengthening the private sector through
loans, microloans, equity investments, insurance, guaranties, grants,
feasibility studies, technical assistance, training for businesses receiving
investment capital, and other measures;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H154F7EDA1C6C41EB9D0BCCA47A52CCB5"><enum>(3)</enum><text>to promote good
corporate governance and transparency, foster competition, catalyze
productivity improvements in existing businesses, and strengthen local capital
markets;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HA1C3313C4A2A42C59C5BB9E3E43607BC"><enum>(4)</enum><text>to promote
stability and security through job creation in the private sector and by
fostering upward economic mobility; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H60A15BDFBF8F42358D7DB5BB28D41F19"><enum>(5)</enum><text>to promote fiscal
sustainability through expanded private sector adherence to tax codes and,
where appropriate, foster improvements in the tax code and regulatory
environment in order to support economic development.</text>
</paragraph></section><section id="H0350FDE7AB5B44348054FD837B0D2202"><enum>7303.</enum><header>Authority to
designate enterprise funds</header>
<subsection id="H70559C936C1A45888F8C90E54435D203"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Authority</header>
<paragraph id="H9994E41E76934F929CB1E64BAE217879"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>The Administrator is authorized to designate private,
nonprofit organizations to operate pursuant to this subtitle as enterprise
funds, as eligible to receive funds and support pursuant to this subtitle after
determining that such organizations have been established for the purposes
specified in section 7302.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HDADAF78ECB944DAAA79FAE7E2B250E2B"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Consultation</header><text>The
Administrator shall consult with the appropriate congressional committees
before designating an organization under paragraph (1).</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H982EDEDCD6294F0DAECABEE6674E2C8B"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Board of
directors</header>
<paragraph id="HF352F65E11AF4E51AEE80C441FB7AED8"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Number and
appointment</header><text>Each enterprise fund shall be governed by a board of
directors. Subject to paragraph (3), the board of directors shall be composed
of 9 members appointed by the Administrator as follows:</text>
<subparagraph id="H9184A75D48F9439B89E985994819AEE5"><enum>(A)</enum><text>Five individuals
who are private citizens of the United States.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HB043674C38AB4DB9B5FD082002FBA0CF"><enum>(B)</enum><text>Three individuals
who are private citizens of the country in which the enterprise fund will
operate, to be appointed by the Administrator in consultation with the
government of such country.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H37FA1C0EC2014F1BAA2DB692AACF46D9"><enum>(C)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">One individual who is an officer or
employee of the United States Agency for International Development.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H101AEF3D85974CC8B56DE27EDCE41F38"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Qualifications</header><text>Each
member of the board of directors appointed under paragraph (1) shall be
selected from among individuals who have demonstrated expertise in one or more
of the following areas: business development, commerce, international markets,
capital investment, banking, and finance.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H10C30C12D97A4F6491C22AB1393FDEDA"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Nonvoting
members</header><text>The Administrator may appoint not more than 2 additional
members of the board of directors, who may not vote on matters before the board
of directors. If appointed, such additional members shall be representatives of
nongovernmental organizations that have demonstrated expertise in the
development needs of the country served by the enterprise fund.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H37AAB2121670404484F1EE87171D7411"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Use of
amounts</header>
<paragraph id="HEEAB091A3B6F41F0A949003A588AC0C0"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>The Administrator may use funds appropriated by Congress
to carry out the purposes specified in section 7302, including payment of the
administrative expenses of the enterprise fund.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HE58844BA18874BD091FFBFC828C6CEF3"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Grants</header><text>The
Administrator may use funds appropriated by Congress to make grants to
enterprise funds designated under subsection (a), except that such appropriated
funds may be used only for the purposes set forth in section 7302.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H87392C6F7E9547B4AADE9891B266EB74"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Compliance
requirements</header>
<subparagraph id="H7DA506A9CFBC40E78D6062614A9B9B7F"><enum>(A)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>The Administrator not award a grant to an enterprise fund
under paragraph (2) unless the Administrator and enterprise fund enter into a
grant agreement under which the enterprise fund agrees to comply with the
requirements under this section.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H8CF4E23878DA4A0193BF822CB57FC96C"><enum>(B)</enum><header>Termination
date</header><text>Such grant agreement shall state that the enterprise fund
shall liquidate its assets and dissolve not later than a date determined by the
Administrator, unless the Administrator determines, after consultation with the
appropriate congressional committees, that the enterprise fund should be
extended.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H759D409E86464799BF0D7EE4D90394FA"><enum>(C)</enum><header>Disposition of
assets</header><text>At the time the enterprise fund is dissolved, the assets
of the enterprise fund shall be transferred to the General Fund of the United
States Treasury.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HCF4A2175048745678F6598A50897FEE8"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Notification to
congress</header>
<paragraph id="HEAC6E2806F2D4C1BB4059AF69B272A78"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>Not less than 15 days before designating an organization
to operate as an enterprise fund under subsection (a), the Administrator shall
provide the information described in paragraph (2) to the appropriate
congressional committees.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HC15B7D55D0E54D9084E3A0D22AD0ACC2"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Information</header><text>The
information described in this paragraph is—</text>
<subparagraph id="HD479624E76554FD983839BB5E3796992"><enum>(A)</enum><text>the identity of
the organization to be designated to operate as the enterprise fund under
subsection (a);</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HBA572F59A12D472C9CBB6C01A370E30F"><enum>(B)</enum><text>the names and
qualifications of the individuals who will comprise the board of directors of
the enterprise fund; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H317B483A0E8343CB8F8A4295D55BB4EC"><enum>(C)</enum><text>a copy of the
grant agreement between the Administrator and the enterprise fund.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HA92C4A767E2E42138EF6092B936C5EEF"><enum>(e)</enum><header>Public
disclosure</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Not later than 1
year after the entry into force of the grant agreement between the
Administrator and an enterprise fund under this section, and annually
thereafter, the enterprise fund shall prepare and make available to the public
on an Internet website administered by the enterprise fund a report on the
enterprise fund’s activities during the previous year, including—</text>
<paragraph id="H6D89486F3C5E45DC8A12D70C277ADB00"><enum>(1)</enum><text>a
description of each investment supported by the enterprise fund, including each
type of assistance provided in accordance with section 7303(c);</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HBBC77C253E52402FB7FF6F9953CE91CC"><enum>(2)</enum><text>the amounts
invested by the enterprise fund in each company or project;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H853B2D53271D42C587B2476D26D8FA34"><enum>(3)</enum><text>the amounts of
additional private investments made in each company or project;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H914136B70F5549E4A5FE80E734A295ED"><enum>(4)</enum><text>the amounts of any
profits or losses realized by the enterprise fund in connection with each such
company or project;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HB28D4E284BF94B47A0EC1CEDCC0BFC49"><enum>(5)</enum><text>the nature and
amounts of administrative expenses incurred by the enterprise fund; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H0321695215D84A9C8133092B849282D4"><enum>(6)</enum><text>the annual
independent audit of the enterprise fund, as required under this
subtitle.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section id="H6A5E30A9A7634E3088F5F178467DDD81"><enum>7304.</enum><header>GAO
reports</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">Not later than 3 years
after the establishment of an enterprise fund under this subtitle, and every 3
years thereafter until the enterprise fund is dissolved, the Comptroller
General of the United States shall submit to the appropriate congressional
committees a report assessing the activities of the enterprise fund in
achieving the purposes of enterprise funds under this subtitle, identifying
obstacles to achieving such purposes, and recommending such operational
improvements in the enterprise fund that the Comptroller General determines are
necessary.</text>
</section><section id="HCA8D5B4E203E49DBA742944AB1E6C228"><enum>7305.</enum><header>Operation
provisions</header>
<subsection id="H8FFEC72251734FBF944CEC523575567D"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Private
character of enterprise funds</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Nothing in this subtitle shall be construed
to make an enterprise fund an agency or establishment of the United States
Government, or to make the officers, employees, or members of the board of
directors of an enterprise fund officers or employees of the United States for
purposes of title 5, United States Code.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H120926091CF44360BD86FC193812CE15"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Matters To be
considered by enterprise funds</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">In carrying out this subtitle, each
enterprise fund shall take into account such considerations as internationally
recognized worker rights and other internationally recognized human rights,
environmental factors, United States economic and employment effects, and the
likelihood of commercial viability of the activity receiving assistance from
the enterprise fund.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H4973D413CAD743EBB24925E351C6107F"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Retention of
interest</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">An enterprise fund
may hold funds granted to it pursuant to this subtitle in interest-bearing
accounts, prior to the disbursement of such funds for purposes specified in
section 7302, and may retain for such program purposes any interest earned on
such deposits without returning such interest to the Treasury of the United
States and without further appropriation by the Congress.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H9386725591CB46A09457A5653A3AE6E9"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Use of United
States private venture capital</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">In order to maximize the effectiveness of
the activities of the enterprise funds, each enterprise fund may conduct public
offerings or private placements for the purpose of soliciting and accepting
United States venture capital which may be used, separately or together with
funds made available pursuant to this subtitle, for any lawful investment
purpose that the board of directors of the enterprise fund may determine in
carrying out this subtitle. Financial returns on enterprise fund investments
that include a component of private venture capital may be distributed, at such
times and in such amounts as the board of directors of the enterprise fund may
determine, to the investors of such capital.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H46F2B7C60262447A835C164F2EB7E3AB"><enum>(e)</enum><header>Nonapplicability
of other laws</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Executive
branch agencies may conduct programs and activities and provide services in
support of the activities of the enterprise funds notwithstanding any other
provision of law.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H346CD59678074DD5A6378DC85273DC40"><enum>(f)</enum><header>Limitation on
payments to enterprise fund personnel</header>
<paragraph id="H5FE60955F74B4AF48DBA5D36F0822442"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Benefits
barred</header><text>No part of the funds of an enterprise fund shall inure to
the benefit of any board member, officer, or employee of that enterprise fund,
except as salary or reasonable compensation for services, subject to paragraph
(2).</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HAB0DACBE1C594C6BA95FB1C4B65BC4C1"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Ceratin
compensation barred</header><text>An enterprise fund may not pay compensation
for services to—</text>
<subparagraph id="HAC45A11023FD45B4B2347B3817CF9EB6"><enum>(A)</enum><text>any board member
of the enterprise fund, except for services as a board member; or</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HCA99F026EB234F27A2C45C3C3D1412F3"><enum>(B)</enum><text>any firm,
association, or entity in which a board member of the enterprise fund serves as
partner, director, officer, or employee.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H88217CCD3F7D4CBFA7CC12DD3FC4918B"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Exception for
prior services</header><text>Nothing in paragraph (2) shall preclude payment
for services performed before the date of the enactment of this subsection, nor
for arrangements approved by the grantor and notified in writing to the
Committees on Appropriations of the House of Representatives and the
Senate.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H84F51AAA29BF4D91A2EBA3DE61A0BF8C"><enum>(g)</enum><header>Independent
private audits</header><text>The accounts of each enterprise fund shall be
audited annually in accordance with generally accepted auditing standards by
independent certified public accountants or independent licensed public
accountants certified or licensed by a regulatory authority of a State or other
political subdivision of the United States. The report of each such independent
audit shall be included in the annual report required by this section.</text>
</subsection><subsection commented="no" id="H14311A7306B140D4969BBC4A5328E834"><enum>(h)</enum><header>GAO
audits</header><text>The financial transactions undertaken pursuant to this
subtitle by each enterprise fund may be audited by the Government
Accountability Office in accordance with such principles and procedures and
under such rules and regulations as may be prescribed by the Comptroller
General of the United States, so long as the enterprise fund is in receipt of
United States Government grants.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HE48AFB352631419AA3CDFEB26EF231DA"><enum>(i)</enum><header>Recordkeeping
requirements</header><text>The enterprise funds shall ensure—</text>
<paragraph id="H04EA866146A143C090E76DF6AEFFA9C5"><enum>(1)</enum><text>that each
recipient of assistance provided through the enterprise funds under this
subtitle keeps—</text>
<subparagraph id="HA712277EFDD3481EB3D83D75FC73FA73"><enum>(A)</enum><text>separate accounts
with respect to such assistance;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H466AD6B594CF4F4E84871680C1C20E9A"><enum>(B)</enum><text>such records as
may be reasonably necessary to disclose fully the amount and the disposition by
such recipient of the proceeds of such assistance, the total cost of the
project or undertaking in connection with which such assistance is given or
used, and the amount and nature of that portion of the cost of the project or
undertaking supplied by other sources; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H1F1F753FBB224352B9D6A8D96C53E4CD"><enum>(C)</enum><text>such other records
as will facilitate an effective audit; and</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H87C9502FF4BB4FDA989082EFD0343F07"><enum>(2)</enum><text>that the
enterprise funds, or any of their duly authorized representatives, have access
for the purpose of audit and examination to any books, documents, papers, and
records of the recipient that are pertinent to assistance provided through the
enterprise funds under this section.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H0917296EF14F42F49A9BA0ED4DC9F171"><enum>(j)</enum><header>Annual
reports</header><text>Each enterprise fund shall publish an annual report,
which shall include a comprehensive and detailed description of the enterprise
fund's operations, activities, financial condition, and accomplishments under
this subtitle for the preceding fiscal year. This report shall be published not
later than January 31 each year, beginning in the calendar year after the
calendar year in which the enterprise fund is designated under this
subtitle.</text>
</subsection><subsection commented="no" id="H8811F35255804F47865CC407FD752757"><enum>(k)</enum><header>Reinvestment</header><text>Returns
on investments of an enterprise fund and other payments to the fund may be
reinvested in projects carried out by the fund without further appropriation by
Congress.</text>
</subsection></section><section commented="no" id="H4B233CC526EF4700AF01ECCEBB0E1ECE"><enum>7306.</enum><header>Best practices
and procedures</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">To the maximum
extent practicable, the board of directors of each enterprise fund established
under this subtitle should adopt the best practices and procedures used by
enterprise funds, including those for which funding was made available pursuant
to section 201 of the Support for East European Democracy (SEED) Act of 1989
(22 U.S.C. 5421).</text>
</section><section id="H2C168FABBDFD45AF86E7E6F3F0617606"><enum>7307.</enum><header>Experience of
other enterprise funds</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">In
implementing this subtitle, the Administrator shall ensure that the articles of
incorporation of each enterprise fund (including provisions specifying the
responsibilities of the board of directors of the enterprise fund), the terms
of United States Government grant agreements with the enterprise fund, and
United States Government oversight of the enterprise fund are, to the maximum
extent practicable, consistent with the Articles of Incorporation of, the terms
of grant agreements with, and the oversight of the Enterprise Funds established
pursuant to section 201 of the Support for East European Democracy (SEED) Act
of 1989 (22 U.S.C. 5421) and comparable provisions of law.</text>
</section></subtitle><enum>IX</enum><header>Strategic
planning, monitoring and evaluation, and reporting</header>
<subtitle id="H1AA856970045400A821A3CD1088B7E0B"><enum>A</enum><header>Strategic
planning</header>
<section id="H21EE02B5DE50443EAB805E5A3E8D7285"><enum>9101.</enum><header>Quadrennial
Diplomacy, Development, and Security Review</header>
<subsection id="H1B9DF383B7094BD6B22FD1C7BB508421"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Review of
diplomacy, development, and security</header>
<paragraph id="HD8C75A8EA4BE4B79BABA2B0A6EAFADA1"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>Not later than December 15, 2014, and every 4 years
thereafter, the Secretary and the Administrator shall complete a comprehensive
examination (to be known as a <quote>Quadrennial Diplomacy, Development, and
Security Review</quote>) of United States diplomacy, development, and national
security efforts.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H6DEDAB9D475741DDBB430E54CDCBE439"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Key elements of
review</header><text>The review described in paragraph (1) shall include
information on the following:</text>
<subparagraph id="H38BE1819677047B09AD223EA5EBFA475"><enum>(A)</enum><text>The nature of the
global challenges and opportunities facing the United States and the changes in
such challenges and opportunities over the previous four-year period.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H1547C7DDE1F54A0CA1F55E48C8DD8845"><enum>(B)</enum><text>Key objectives and
missions for United States foreign policy and foreign assistance, including a
clear statement of United States objectives for development assistance and for
security assistance.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HFFFD09A80E654B6693A4AF646E8F9E26"><enum>(C)</enum><text>The roles and
responsibilities of Federal agencies in carrying out United States diplomacy,
promoting global development, and protecting national security, and the
mechanisms for cooperation between such agencies, including any reforms needed
in such agencies and mechanisms to adapt to changing circumstances.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H68FE89AAB08248A3A1BE3D2A9FE7C92A"><enum>(D)</enum><text>The roles of
international organizations and multilateral institutions in advancing United
States diplomatic, development, and security objectives, including the
mechanisms for coordinating and harmonizing development policies and programs
with partner countries and among donors.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H0406C7E9EEAF4228B785D9C28B73D77B"><enum>(E)</enum><text>The requirements
for overseas infrastructure necessary to carry out United States diplomatic,
development, and security objectives, including major changes in diplomatic
presence and new investments in technology and facilities.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H0C91B254247D4C44A0C11917F8061B8B"><enum>(F)</enum><text>A plan, budget,
and timetable for implementing the recommendations of the review, including any
legislative requests and executive orders to be issued.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="HBD291518901E4DD3ABFB7D629ED3FCE0"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Interagency
coordination and consultation</header><text>In conducting each Quadrennial
Diplomacy, Development, and Security Review, the Secretary and the
Administrator shall take into account the views of the Secretary of Defense,
the Secretary of the Treasury, the Attorney General, and the heads of all other
Federal agencies carrying out international policies and programs under this
Act.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H815DD1B4DFAB477AA1DEB4E233D55E39"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Consultative
process</header><text>In conducting the review required under subsection (a),
the Secretary and the Administrator shall consult with—</text>
<paragraph id="HCFAA080DB83448BD9AB02FC9053FB019"><enum>(1)</enum><text>the appropriate
congressional committees;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H94385FD4F63B410AA208CC75FDD5EAB4"><enum>(2)</enum><text>a
variety of civil society groups, including private businesses, nongovernmental
organizations involved in diplomacy, development, and security, and experts at
academic institutions or institutions involved in the study of foreign policy,
international development, or national security; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HF94FF2F13268479AA3B87CC100BD5EE5"><enum>(3)</enum><text>appropriate
international organizations and partner countries.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H5C5089E572B14761B23A77F6137B58A1"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Report</header>
<paragraph id="HD6641E985B7C4DD69A7F3283DAD24069"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Additional
elements</header><text>The Secretary and the Administrator shall transmit to
the appropriate congressional committees a report upon completion of each
Quadrennial Diplomacy, Development, and Security Review. The report shall
include, in addition to all the elements identified in subsection
(a)(2)—</text>
<subparagraph id="H0C4182BAD4E54992B6DDC925EA4E9865"><enum>(A)</enum><text>the assumptions
used to inform the review, including those regarding—</text>
<clause id="H806D45C6648046F581AE58E0B64AC5FB"><enum>(i)</enum><text>key
global challenges and opportunities facing the United States over the next
10-year period;</text>
</clause><clause id="HCBCF045CB7CC44BDB94EE8E595C05BAD"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>the
capacity of United States diplomatic, development, and security personnel to
respond to such challenges and opportunities;</text>
</clause><clause id="H9DCFE3542EDB469586918DD474BEC38A"><enum>(iii)</enum><text>the cooperation
and capacity of partner countries and international institutions in addressing
such challenges and opportunities;</text>
</clause><clause id="H662FB9538EB74F169EA39E3EAE9E264A"><enum>(iv)</enum><text>the
levels of engagement in operations other than war and smaller-scale
contingencies and withdrawal from such operations and contingencies;</text>
</clause><clause id="H9EEEC36FD20C47E8B1B691E7AE7997A9"><enum>(v)</enum><text>the
intensity, duration, and military and political end-states of conflicts and
smaller-scale contingencies that arise in the diplomatic, development, and
security context;</text>
</clause><clause id="HADB2BEE2975F4B93A05B15C11E8A4778"><enum>(vi)</enum><text>the
anticipated roles and missions of the reserve components available to civilian
agencies, including capabilities and resources necessary to assure that such
reserve components can capably discharge such roles and missions; and</text>
</clause><clause id="H0D7B02AF9A7C49E8A0D0A23D71E13B2A"><enum>(vii)</enum><text>the extent to
which diplomatic, development, and security personnel need to be shifted to
different regions to successfully carry out the full range of missions called
for in the review;</text>
</clause></subparagraph><subparagraph id="H96B36AAEAEBA4DD8A131D0A93035BF82"><enum>(B)</enum><text>a description of
the process by which the review was conducted, including participation of
personnel of the Department of State and the United States Agency for
International Development, coordination and consultation with other Federal
agencies, and consultations as required under subsection (b); and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H15BBCA97FEEC447793E1D3EB8097136B"><enum>(C)</enum><text>lessons learned
during the review process and recommendations for improvements in future
years.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H9859C2C5F6C84896A93E15C790248259"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Public
availability</header><text>The report required under this subsection shall be
made publicly available on the Internet upon transmission to the appropriate
congressional committees.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section id="H4111A4942A4141A69BEF4CD92772D585"><enum>9102.</enum><header>Comprehensive
workforce and human resources strategy</header>
<subsection id="HBD4831A854AF40E2B53D303B13377085"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Plan
required</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The Administrator
shall, not later than 1 year after the date of the enactment of this Act and
every 5 years thereafter, develop a comprehensive workforce and human resources
strategy, or review and modify as necessary the existing strategy, to
strengthen the capacity of the Agency to carry out its mandate under section
11201.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HC1A52B30200948ADB3350455A7D69955"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Contents</header><text>The
strategy required under subsection (a) shall include—</text>
<paragraph id="H1F2AAD2E6BD545E2A8D9B492F8CB802F"><enum>(1)</enum><text>an assessment of
the implications of current development strategies and foreign policy
priorities for technical and policy expertise;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H766ED0C8CC6D4AAB9F94D685808FC964"><enum>(2)</enum><text>the number, types,
and level of specialists and generalists projected to be needed in each
functional and geographic area, including support, management, and
administrative functions;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H8EB8FDF36387476FA27D2631EDC57CF2"><enum>(3)</enum><text>the number, types,
and level of specialists and generalists currently employed by the Agency, by
bureau and office and by employment category;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HBC358A7313CB41DB9DF291D8C15DA4BD"><enum>(4)</enum><text>an analysis of the
workloads and competencies of existing staff, by bureau and office and by
employment category;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H7327C4BF0323469BB2896EC71C8A35FA"><enum>(5)</enum><text>the impact on
paragraphs (3) and (4) of projected retirement and attrition rates over the
next 5 years;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HEDC005F889A649708BDE4D8413BCB60C"><enum>(6)</enum><text>the steps needed
to recruit, retain, and develop the necessary professional expertise, including
through education and training, details, fellowships, scholarships and
exchanges;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HD078422A122048AAAB7A3BC794765E8E"><enum>(7)</enum><text>an assessment of
the suitability of overseas facilities, including security, space, health and
safety, physical integrity, access and location considerations;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HD74E3A88A2A44949AE1E8B98AB31B209"><enum>(8)</enum><text>a
prioritized plan for capital improvements;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H982052D618C5490AB82F0155F7662778"><enum>(9)</enum><text>projected human
resource challenges, including bureaucratic and legislative constraints, and
recommended options for meeting such challenges; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HB9DFFC030E8E42138400F6142393B635"><enum>(10)</enum><text>the assumptions
regarding program and policy priorities and budget levels on which the strategy
is based.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H936A5E2D8AC24C30ADB112A03EA6A465"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Employment
category</header><text>For the purposes of this section, the term
<term>employment category</term> means the statutory authority under which an
individual is employed, and includes civil service, Foreign Service, excepted
service, personal services contractors, detailees, and locally employed
staff.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H4A654AA5D05947609DADCFB973CF255C"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Transmission to
congress</header><text>The plan required under subsection (a) shall be
transmitted to the appropriate congressional committees not later than 180 days
after the date of the enactment of this Act, and every 5 years thereafter. Such
plan may be updated at any time, and such update shall be transmitted
accordingly.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HB846CBFFC4574BEF8CC8F115F2D9B193"><enum>(e)</enum><header>Mid-Level hiring
authority</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">If the
Administrator certifies that such hiring is necessary to meet the workforce
requirements of the Agency as set forth in the plan required under subsection
(a), the Administrator is authorized, notwithstanding section 307 of the
Foreign Service Act of 1980, to hire up to 30 mid-career professionals, which
may include individuals currently employed as personal services contractors, in
each of the 3 fiscal years following the date of the enactment of this
Act.</text>
</subsection></section></subtitle><subtitle id="H72DC48C21A7E469EB3DDD5E05C15E132"><enum>B</enum><header>Monitoring and
evaluation</header>
<section id="H65F1D3DE8AB84A17A8247C6EDD007AEB"><enum>9201.</enum><header>Monitoring and
evaluation of foreign assistance</header>
<subsection id="HB783370766B040CEA14B700D71475439"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>The President shall develop and implement a rigorous
system to evaluate the effectiveness and efficiency of foreign
assistance.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HB95686C18A274DB09BD75E3FCC445784"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Components of
system</header><text>In order to avoid duplication, ensure comprehensive
coverage, promote high and uniform standards, and facilitate comparability of
results and the development of a strong body of evidence, the system required
under subsection (a) shall include—</text>
<paragraph id="H3927DC0E449649E1B728F0DD921A4F71"><enum>(1)</enum><text>a
method of coordinating evaluation activities among all Federal agencies
carrying out foreign assistance; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HE277C953FBA2431DAE9F5B89B1FB698E"><enum>(2)</enum><text>a
process for consulting with relevant stakeholders and subject matter experts,
as appropriate, on the planning, design, and implementation of evaluation
activities and dissemination of evaluation findings.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HA298EA8EC86C47CAA9548A10C6C4B355"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Required
actions</header><text>In carrying out subsection (a), the President shall
ensure that the head of each Federal agency takes the following actions with
regard to foreign assistance carried out by that agency:</text>
<paragraph id="HB0CD75795A5646109975834639B7826E"><enum>(1)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Establish measurable and meaningful
performance objectives, including disaggregation by sex and age where
appropriate.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H47F0AD8492D04705B09A25B5BD12AC02"><enum>(2)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Establish criteria for the selection of
programs, projects, and activities to be subject to various evaluation
methodologies, with a particular emphasis on impact evaluation.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H4772D443D12148A79705A8476AC2E328"><enum>(3)</enum><text>Establish or
designate an organizational unit with adequate staff and resources to oversee
and provide technical support for evaluation activities.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HBB250AD1CFC142C5B66E40C8782B53C6"><enum>(4)</enum><text>Develop a plan for
improving the capacity of the agency to conduct rigorous, relevant, and
objective program monitoring and evaluation, including by—</text>
<subparagraph id="HBD22A966CCF24CC79656E1AC64CD74C5"><enum>(A)</enum><text>providing relevant
education and training opportunities;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HB15F97B07F1E469F9738506A92A9BD9A"><enum>(B)</enum><text>encouraging the
adoption of improved methodologies for data collection and analysis; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H99FA7C0B32A14753A1F0981980CD1898"><enum>(C)</enum><text>ensuring that best
practices are shared within and between agencies.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H5B02C0655D494000824564586283D1C6"><enum>(5)</enum><text>Establish
guidelines for enhancing, in cooperation with other donors, the capacity of
partner countries to monitor the use of and evaluate the impact of donor
assistance.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HCD209D88EF844CD986D8DEBEEB6742EC"><enum>(6)</enum><text>Establish a
process for applying the findings and results of monitoring and evaluation
activities, including impact evaluation research, into future program planning,
budgeting, design, and implementation.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HB65DD047343542F5BD49E869F791754A"><enum>(7)</enum><text>Establish a policy
for the publication of program evaluations.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H017A6BB6145E46A6B1E885A756F61E0C"><enum>(8)</enum><text>Develop, in
consultation with relevant stakeholders an annual evaluation plan that
describes how the agency will meet the requirements of this section.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HDC872710DE1048C9A46BFF87661ED168"><enum>(9)</enum><text>Identify the
source or mechanism of funding to conduct monitoring and evaluation of foreign
assistance carried out by such agency.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H9DCEFC80F4214F318542A686EBD21094"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Submission of
evaluation plans</header><text>The President shall ensure that the evaluation
plans required by subsection (c)(8) are submitted to the appropriate
congressional committees each year along with the annual budget presentation,
and are published on a government Internet website.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HBD9332D67C7B4271AF3220A8698AFC50"><enum>(e)</enum><header>Local
performance</header><text>To the extent feasible and appropriate, evaluation
activities carried out pursuant to the requirements of this section shall be
carried out by, or with the participation of, organizations in the partner
country.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HFC32E06DA70C451285CD970727965E03"><enum>(f)</enum><header>Definitions</header><text>In
this section:</text>
<paragraph id="HD8905F48C8664B4CA37FD330035FA932"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Evaluation</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The term <term>evaluation</term> means the
systematic and objective determination and assessment of the design,
implementation, and results of an on-going or completed program, project, or
activity, including an explanation of the reasons or causes for the observed
results.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HAB35D608BCEB41BE9F4EC999F9D5BF2F"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Impact</header><text>The
term <term>impact</term> means a long-term effect of a program, project, or
activity, whether positive or negative, direct or indirect, intended or
unintended.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H2C6E3165706A4FC1BD87E525BE9D256A"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Impact
evaluation research</header><text>The term <term>impact evaluation
research</term> means the application of research methods and statistical
analysis to measure the extent to which an impact can be attributed to a
foreign assistance program, project, or activity rather than to other
factors.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section id="H2717454CF4D1436E8DD9C56C1B8F22B7"><enum>9202.</enum><header>Monitoring and
evaluation of humanitarian assistance</header>
<subsection id="H49A2A461606344C2B7682D114CEC9CA3"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Division of
responsibilities</header><text>The Department of State shall be responsible for
monitoring and evaluating humanitarian assistance carried out by the Department
of State, and USAID shall be responsible for monitoring and evaluating
humanitarian assistance carried out by USAID.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HED8A2D704A4143ACB2B7C251633E4018"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Congressional
notification</header><text>The Secretary or the Administrator, as appropriate,
shall notify the appropriate congressional committees if assistance made
available under this subtitle is not sufficient to meet international
humanitarian standards. Such notification shall include a description of the
standards not being met, the resources that would be required to meet such
standards, and the reasons why such resources are not available.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H9537F0973C494E0390E22EF49D805838"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Role of the
office of food for peace</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The
Office of Food for Peace (FFP) of the Agency shall be responsible for tracking
and monitoring the nutritional outcomes of emergency food assistance provided
under this Act and title II of the Agricultural Trade Development and
Assistance Act of 1954 (Public Law 83–480).</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H373DDF22ABEF462493CA3179D1BB472C"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Monitoring and
evaluation required</header><text>The authorities of sections 1904 and 1905
shall not be used to vitiate the requirement of section 9201 for monitoring and
evaluation of foreign assistance.</text>
</subsection></section></subtitle><subtitle id="H4600E5D7484E4F5FAC9332566BB752A6"><enum>C</enum><header>Reporting
requirements</header>
<section id="H8FF170B059914EC6956353272B6C55DD"><enum>9301.</enum><header>Transparency
and accountability in budgeting</header>
<subsection id="H32C29634A12A4A1DA880057606B0305F"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The Secretary, the
Administrator, and the Chief Executive Officer of the Millennium Challenge
Corporation shall maintain an online database of information, easily accessible
to the public, which contains the information described in subsection (b) for
each project and activity within their respective areas of responsibility,
including for any project or activity for which funds are transferred to
another Federal agency for obligation.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HA6ECE22AFBB1488AB622900881576E3E"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Database
requirements</header>
<paragraph id="HCC5440CEB86D45618376722088F35A62"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Content</header><text>Each
project and activity shall be identified separately in such database, and for
each project and activity the database shall include, at a minimum—</text>
<subparagraph id="H98F8D63F6BE74B64A20A861E1DBE23DC"><enum>(A)</enum><text>a brief
description of the nature of the project or activity;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H8B9ADF77543D401DA40A9F753392307E"><enum>(B)</enum><text>the geographic
location or locations in which the project or activity is being carried
out;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HBA792C65700E404EAEC4ADAD453FE2E2"><enum>(C)</enum><text>the specific
objectives and timetable of the project or activity;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HB47C91F6AF4D4453892B335175597390"><enum>(D)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">the indicators, which shall be quantitative
wherever possible and relevant, used to define the successful achievement of
the goals of the project or activity;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HA0CA0C94D7964FFD9F9DB73468E5E6A1"><enum>(E)</enum><text>the number and
demographic characteristics of the intended beneficiaries of the project or
activity;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HC3726CC244EA4D1C9931408715E2E995"><enum>(F)</enum><text>each sector,
theme, goal and objective toward which the project or activity will be
counted;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HF73CC4C6D050494A9F3EAAB2779DE0ED"><enum>(G)</enum><text>names and
descriptions of the implementing partners of the project or activity;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H20414BC8228E4469A41DD62888089F03"><enum>(H)</enum><text>the amount of
United States foreign assistance funds obligated for each such project or
activity and the source of those funds;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H8451D4DC413A424889C1D43F0627399D"><enum>(I)</enum><text>expenditures of
funds for the project or activity on a quarterly basis;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H3B95BF584A7243C8AF965B57F5412A7F"><enum>(J)</enum><text>the contributions
toward the project or activity provided by the partner country;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HED50EAAADA7D4841B02543DC3DC932B6"><enum>(K)</enum><text>any conditions
placed on the use of United States Government funds obligated for the project
or activity, and whether those conditions have been met;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H259758F3D48B4680B5F3F3550620E7DC"><enum>(L)</enum><text>the evaluation and
monitoring plan for each such project or activity;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H1065E44436274B47AE4DC7915AFF2876"><enum>(M)</enum><text>semiannual updates
on results achieved to date for each such project or activity; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H915C229D6B8D44BBB5C1D621D21060A2"><enum>(N)</enum><text>if a project or
activity has been extended, suspended, terminated, or significantly modified,
the reasons for such action.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H717A205157BD476B869399A97C1F2639"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Administrative
costs</header><text>In addition to the information relating to specific
projects and activities as required under paragraph (1), the database shall
contain, for each overseas mission, information on all overhead and
administrative costs, including—</text>
<subparagraph id="H33E821DAB0F34C9DA1639A52BB7CEB6E"><enum>(A)</enum><text>for the previous
fiscal year, numbers of staff in each employment category, housing and
facilities operation and maintenance expenses, salaries and benefits, travel
and transportation expenses, and other support costs; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H1449F8EE555B4E1FA684E082B15D791E"><enum>(B)</enum><text>for the coming
fiscal year, planned capital investments and projected staff increases or
reductions.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H1FF67D8364314A438374F43484A69437"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Timing</header>
<subparagraph id="HA9ED961E3DDF48818415D42C4530DD3A"><enum>(A)</enum><header>Existing
projects and activities</header><text>For each project and activity in effect
on the date of the enactment of this Act, the database shall be operative
within 6 months of such date of enactment.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HB40705AB9A6F40C0849147F5A28781B8"><enum>(B)</enum><header>New projects and
activities</header><text>For each project and activity that has not received
United States Government funding as of the date of the enactment of this Act,
the department or agency (as the case may be) shall enter into the database the
information required by paragraph (1) within 90 days from the date of the
initial obligation of funds for the project or activity.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H13B3C9E9226A4CC09B5733610FFDC666"><enum>(4)</enum><header>Modifications</header><text>In
the event of any changes or modifications in any of the elements of the
database for a project or activity, the database shall be updated as soon as
possible but in no event later than 30 days from the date on which such changes
or modifications have been approved and, where applicable, agreed to by the
partner country.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HAC27890ACA5C4320978738CFBF887DC9"><enum>(5)</enum><header>Reports in lieu
of inclusion</header><text>If the Secretary, the Administrator, or the Chief
Executive Officer of the Millennium Challenge Corporation, as the case may be,
makes a determination that the inclusion of a required item of information in
the database could reasonably be expected to jeopardize the health or safety of
a private partner or program beneficiary or would be detrimental to the
national interests of the United States, such item of information may be
submitted to the appropriate congressional committees in a non-public written
report in lieu of including it in the database, along the reasons for not
including it in the database.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HDE72AAF120A74076A864EFB3BCA1D3C8"><enum>(6)</enum><header>Structure</header><text>The
database required under this section shall be structured so that—</text>
<subparagraph id="H83E6BA165DAD4837A30E3B43497E1523"><enum>(A)</enum><text>data may be
uploaded from overseas missions; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H405FCCE14C204AB49C099BDB2BDE2F30"><enum>(B)</enum><text>users may search
the data by word and sort the data by field.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HF79F85B41C8048BE81645810FF33B476"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Harmonization of
data</header><text>The information contained in the database required under
subsection (b) shall include all information provided to the Development
Assistance Committee of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and
Development and the International Aid Transparency Initiative, and should, to
the maximum extent possible, be harmonized with the types, categories and
formats of information requested by such organization and such
initiative.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H584C0558296A4AD18EF1F7BF37B41FA7"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Definition</header><text>In
this section, the terms <term>project</term> and <term>activity</term> mean a
discrete assistance activity for which funds are made available, including
activities encompassed within a strategy, compact, agreement, account or
program of assistance.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="H10E7352238F046E8A9D27929E33FC297"><enum>9302.</enum><header>Congressional
budget justification</header>
<subsection id="HDC29B71D2A964F67AB2A44D8261AAC58"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Requirement for
submission</header><text>The President shall prepare, and submit to the
Congress not later than February 1 of each year, a report justifying the
resources requested for all foreign assistance programs.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H10723864D07C4E27A342C6E251429929"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Materials To be
included</header><text>The report submitted pursuant to subsection (a) shall
include—</text>
<paragraph id="HEBB9FAEEF901417EB9275BCA04E6AE94"><enum>(1)</enum><text>a
description of each planned country, regional, or centrally funded program for
the coming fiscal year, and the rationale for each such program;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H94A6FD288B624178A5A5AC0A33B70964"><enum>(2)</enum><text>the dollar amount
of each program—</text>
<subparagraph id="HE86CE56F58D04125B3367FB46E9DE768"><enum>(A)</enum><text>as proposed for
the coming fiscal year;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HC46908B3B7944619BDF103A33C49254C"><enum>(B)</enum><text>as estimated for
the current fiscal year; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H26071C7560404E4A875806C9E7E9B134"><enum>(C)</enum><text>as allocated for
the previous fiscal year; and</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="HEC53D2178F4549598026B4C3AA534ECC"><enum>(3)</enum><text>wherever possible,
a description of the results achieved for each such program in the previous 1
to 5 fiscal years.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section id="HEF80E2D794FA47DBBDEBDE5A965B3C31"><enum>9303.</enum><header>Report on
allocation of assistance under this Act</header>
<subsection id="H5581218EB4F64B7DBB03852EA31555C7"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Report on
allocations of assistance</header><text>Not later than 30 days after the date
of the enactment of any law appropriating funds to carry out any provision of
this Act, the President shall notify Congress of—</text>
<paragraph id="H6E8E5591554E470296C43BDA5EB607B9"><enum>(1)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">each foreign country, international
organization, regional program, and centrally funded program for which the
United States Government intends to provide any portion of the funds under such
law; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H08628F8912634BD4929F0E54E6257F89"><enum>(2)</enum><text>the amount of
funds under such law, by category of assistance, that the United States
Government intends to provide to each such country, organization, and
program.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H7F050634AD734AE5A78454BDF1FEE648"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Exception</header><text>Subsection
(a) does not apply with respect to any law making continuing
appropriations.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H11AE5484E4EB4621AABCBB5C90CEC9C2"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Use of special
authority</header><text>The authority of section 10603 may not be used to waive
the provisions of this section.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="H5BCDFA453B19441E8F9B8A3CA0F29B6E"><enum>9304.</enum><header>Security
assistance database</header>
<subsection id="H93F5248F5DB24B1C997F7322206B519E"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Database
required</header><text>The Secretary shall maintain an online database which
contains the information described in subsection (b). Such database may be
combined with the database required under section 9301.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H901A73A3A69047ADB0F4EB5584EFC72D"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Content</header><text>The
database required under subsection (a) shall include—</text>
<paragraph id="H75EF3005E7CA4A9BB70CE5F408CB9912"><enum>(1)</enum><text>the type, dollar
value, and quantity of defense articles (including excess defense articles),
defense services, and international military education and training furnished
by the United States to each foreign country and international
organization;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H03689072489848189BF4B07B4A131F0E"><enum>(2)</enum><text>the provision of
law under which such article, service, and education or training was
furnished;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H6C03D179CA844FF8A5B1627D08BA1AED"><enum>(3)</enum><text>the dollar value,
quantity, and end user of semiautomatic assault weapons, or spare parts for
such weapons, the manufacture, transfer, or possession of which is unlawful
under section 922 of title 18, United States Code, receiving a license for
export; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HA386D06DBDA142D991ED5341C7E902C2"><enum>(4)</enum><text>for military
education and training provided to foreign military personnel, the type of
training, the number of foreign military personnel trained, their units of
operation, and the location of the training.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HB86C6DADBF1A407889438BB5FA13BDAB"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Military
education and training</header>
<paragraph id="HEBBA7E1BF3BF4A76B68FDB5C480F9439"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Recordkeeping</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">With respect to military education and
training provided under subsection (b)(4), the Secretary of Defense shall
develop and maintain records, which shall not be subject to the requirements
for public availability in subsection (e), for each foreign military and
defense participant in military education and training activities conducted
under this or any other Act. Such database shall be made available to the
Secretary of State and shall include the type of instruction received, the
dates and location of such instruction, whether such instruction was completed
successfully, and, to the extent practicable, the person’s subsequent military
or defense ministry career and current position and location.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H4FD1920F425E44A69390DB1532407B55"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Report on
violations</header><text>Not later than March 1 of each year, the Secretary of
State shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a report
describing any involvement of a foreign military or defense participant in
military education and training activities under this or any other Act in a
violation of internationally recognized human rights subsequent to such
participation. Such report shall be in unclassified form, but may include a
classified annex.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HB9FF2A6291BF44DEBDA7361FF925BA41"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Addition to
database</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The Secretary of
Defense shall ensure that the database required under subsection (a) is updated
to include the information reported to Congress pursuant to paragraph
(2)</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H2495ACEE48224FB1A9703DA9531E5598"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Timing</header><text>The
Secretary shall ensure that the database required under this section is
operative not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment of this Act,
and shall prescribe such procedures as are necessary to ensure that the
required information is entered into the database in a timely manner and
continuously updated.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HD516229567F84A9DA9F9B89579B77B8D"><enum>(e)</enum><header>Public
availability</header><text>The database required under this section shall be
made publicly available on the Internet and shall be structured so that users
may search the data by word and sort the data by field.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HF0425E4104804D04833BAAE21CE05E3C"><enum>(f)</enum><header>Form</header><text>The
database described in subsection (a) shall be in unclassified form and shall
exclude any activity that is reportable under title V of the National Security
Act of 1947.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="H888BBD09ED464D3A9F3368E3A6FBA60C"><enum>9305.</enum><header>Classification
of reports</header>
<subsection id="H5E39F371C76B41608C2209EF72623201"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Unless otherwise
specifically provided by law, all information contained in any report required
to be provided to Congress under this Act shall be in unclassified form and
shall be made available to the public.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H84E2F90E6ECD4F4384DECEC741B80610"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Exception</header><text>If
the President determines that publication of a specific item of information in
any such report would be detrimental to the security of the United States, such
item of information may be provided to Congress in a supplemental report in
classified form along with an explanation of why publication of such specific
item would be detrimental to the security of the United States.</text>
</subsection></section></subtitle><subtitle id="H463F25F6E3F64943A4F6D2B3066FFB65"><enum>D</enum><header>Congressional
notification procedures</header>
<section id="HC7B543A3EEDB4652AF9DBB6B0186ED96"><enum>9401.</enum><header>Notification
of program changes</header>
<subsection id="H51D0C9A67F6246E7AB49BEBCD3C53D2E"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Notification of
program changes</header><text>Unless the appropriate congressional committees
are notified at least 15 days in advance, funds appropriated for a fiscal year
to carry out this Act may not be obligated for any assistance or contributions
under this Act—</text>
<paragraph id="H605ACF2701D9477CB286E5FA4365A13B"><enum>(1)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">for a Country Development Cooperation
Strategy, or any significant revision thereof, which has not been transmitted
to the appropriate congressional committees in accordance with section
1018;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H537EAF92CF8B45E48DB8ACB2DF18E921"><enum>(2)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">for a country, international organization,
regional program, or centrally funded program for which assistance was not
included in a Country Development Cooperation Strategy, or was not justified in
congressional budget justification documents for that fiscal year;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H5AB8E0B5C2654EC1A4FFD942DE5583E3"><enum>(3)</enum><text>more than 10
percent in excess of the amount allocated pursuant to section 9303 for that
country, international organization, regional program, or centrally funded
program for that fiscal year;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HA49B0133043D4FCB99E63AD8676BF84A"><enum>(4)</enum><text>for a strategy or
objective not justified to Congress for that country, international
organization, regional program, or centrally funded program;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H1356172C354742ABBB40852E60FE4CB4"><enum>(5)</enum><text>for a nonproject
assistance activity; or</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HA05DF52046C3402B9237491B80A46116"><enum>(6)</enum><text>in the case of
assistance administered through the Department of Defense under this Act, for
the provision of major defense equipment (other than conventional ammunition)
or aircraft, ships, missiles, or combat vehicles not previously justified to
Congress, or more than ten percent in excess of the quantities justified to
Congress.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H1CF2622CC2EB4F6680F6779A707FDBC0"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Appropriations
subject to requirements</header><text>Subsection (a) applies with respect to
all funds appropriated for assistance and contributions under this Act other
than—</text>
<paragraph id="H64E52B5F009F4C85BB482A40F9C76BD8"><enum>(1)</enum><text>subtitles A and B
of title VII (relating to the Overseas Private Investment Corporation and the
Trade and Development Agency, respectively);</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HB8BABD77DD9A4C4A9AF8705992A2D033"><enum>(2)</enum><text>section 1131
(relating to the development credit authority);</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HF61616D2839547DFBD97653269912C42"><enum>(3)</enum><text>section 2025
(relating to transition initiatives);</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HB25C2AF2D7124861B56133A4CC570435"><enum>(4)</enum><text>section 2022
(relating to complex crisis, stabilization, and prevention fund); and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HD84810F7E05845209A3CB6F08CFAA445"><enum>(5)</enum><text>humanitarian
assistance.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H5A8780BF988E42C390E5080081719FED"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Waiver</header><text>The
requirements of subsection (a) may be waived if the President—</text>
<paragraph id="H38B63A951E0A4EB687918DAE835F0408"><enum>(1)</enum><text>determines that
doing so is necessitated by emergency circumstances;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HB5C944A07D0C4499945DAE09030D89E8"><enum>(2)</enum><text>notifies the
appropriate congressional committees as early as practicable, but in no event
later than three days after taking the action to which such notification
requirement was applicable; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H47BBEBA391EC43149B27A0D8463F6B45"><enum>(3)</enum><text>includes in such
notification an explanation of the circumstances necessitating the use of the
authority of this subsection.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section id="HA152719AB9FD42A5A73728929640D424"><enum>9402.</enum><header>Congressional
notification parity</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">The
President shall ensure that the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of
Representatives and the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate are
notified to the same degree and with the same conditions as the Committees on
Appropriations are notified by the executive branch regarding any matter
relating to foreign assistance. The requirements of this section are in
addition to, and not in lieu of, other congressional notification
requirements.</text>
</section><section id="HFC506045594A4901B37AE6CD1B0F123A"><enum>9403.</enum><header>Presidential
findings and determinations</header>
<subsection id="H4760B4A601774CB3A2F9175E0F3BCFF2"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Written
determinations</header><text>In any case in which the President is required to
make a report to the Congress, or to any committee or officer of either House
of Congress, concerning any finding or determination under any provision of
this Act or related appropriations Act, such finding or determination shall be
reduced to writing and signed by the President.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H8F17451CB9A741039C8C3A5FDBE9139D"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Effective
date</header><text>No action shall be taken pursuant to any such finding or
determination prior to the date on which that finding or determination has been
reduced to writing and signed by the President.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H15C4F850B553470E9D61D1353351DCD1"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Publication</header><text>Each
such finding or determination shall be published on the Internet and in the
Federal Register as soon as practicable after it has been reduced to writing
and signed by the President. In any case in which the President concludes that
such publication would be harmful to the national security of the United
States, only a statement that a determination or finding has been made by the
President, including the name and section of the Act under which it was made,
shall be published.</text>
</subsection></section></subtitle><enum>X</enum><header>Policy
Restrictions and Special Authorities</header>
<subtitle id="HEA513962801A4C8BA0A88BAF2242EDE4"><enum>A</enum><header>Policy
Restrictions</header>
<section id="H750FCCD0EB0643EAA171126CAA42CFFE"><enum>10001.</enum><header>Definitions</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">In this title:</text>
<paragraph id="H764EE237668C487FB1FE969B082388F9"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Foreign
terrorist organization</header><text>The term <term>foreign terrorist
organization</term> means an organization designated as a foreign terrorist
organization by the Secretary of State in accordance with section 219(a) of the
Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1189(a)).</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H823A13878C4140CCB7044A4178367C30"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Government</header>
<subparagraph id="H91010339F7024C81B8E7C025B8E320DF"><enum>(A)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>The term <term>government</term>, when used with respect
to a foreign country—</text>
<clause id="HE8E3F8D6A8BF4E74B597146445BFFBAE"><enum>(i)</enum><text>means the national
government of the foreign country; and</text>
</clause><clause id="HAB5DBCF603624521BEB238DF43BEB392"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>includes—</text>
<subclause id="H705EE56F74624A26ABB920892015F688"><enum>(I)</enum><text>the government of
any political subdivision of the foreign country; and</text>
</subclause><subclause id="H9EF9581B522F43F48CA36FE6ECD22638"><enum>(II)</enum><text>any agency or
instrumentality of the national government or government of any political
subdivision of the foreign country.</text>
</subclause></clause></subparagraph><subparagraph id="H0D95A289388A45BA9926F3C4FC16C93D"><enum>(B)</enum><header>Agency or
instrumentality defined</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">For
purposes of subparagraph (A), the term <term>agency or instrumentality of the
national government or government of any political subdivision of the
country</term> means an agency or instrumentality of a foreign state as defined
in section 1603(b) of title 28, United States Code, with each reference in such
section to <quote>a foreign state</quote> deemed to be a reference to
<quote>the foreign country</quote>.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H12975FE5B5094C7992D60E834CDA59C3"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Provide</header><text>The
term <term>provide</term> includes—</text>
<subparagraph id="HBFBD71AB7E3144648691C16DF7B23C16"><enum>(A)</enum><text>the obligation and
expenditure of funds; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HFA68E4DF462849E3B643CC1442A01671"><enum>(B)</enum><text>the sale, lease,
grant, transfer, stockpiling and delivery of foreign assistance.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H58AED659684F47AE8E3C0F3D2D45CC64"><enum>(4)</enum><header>State sponsor of
drug trafficking</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The term
<term>state sponsor of drug trafficking</term> means a foreign government that
is the subject of a determination under section 10302(a) which has not been
waived or rescinded.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H74DA014D0A35477D933FC20BC5B87E68"><enum>(5)</enum><header>State sponsor of
terrorism</header><text>The term <term>state sponsor of terrorism</term> means
a foreign government that is the subject of a determination under section
10401(a) which has not been waived or rescinded.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H7DFA94D5508E4A87A451D6FE7E422F59"><enum>(6)</enum><header>International
terrorism</header><text>The term <term>international terrorism</term> has the
meaning given the term in section 2331 of title 18, United States Code.</text>
</paragraph></section><chapter id="H5560B69815D24B7BA8DC3950F841B77A"><enum>1</enum><header>Human
Rights</header>
<section id="HA59D1F79AC134AB7BFAD8A1445DBFFD8"><enum>10101.</enum><header>Prohibition
on assistance to governments that engage in violations of human rights</header>
<subsection id="H7261F17205004FA1A8BE14408F88ED7A"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">No foreign assistance
may be provided, and no licenses may be issued under the Export Administration
Act of 1979 (as continued in effect under the International Emergency Economic
Powers Act) for the export of crime control and detection instruments and
equipment, to a foreign government which the Secretary determines engages in a
consistent pattern of gross violations of internationally recognized human
rights, including—</text>
<paragraph id="H3F3799BC033848BD8AA9A7D59E911B66"><enum>(1)</enum><text>mass
atrocities;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H6922893985C14024838A57CC2E770A13"><enum>(2)</enum><text>torture or cruel,
inhuman, or degrading treatment or punishment;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H81715F6792FB4C30960A19B5B691BC5F"><enum>(3)</enum><text>prolonged
detention without charges and trial;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H43868EC3B71744B685ED3B54375ED166"><enum>(4)</enum><text>causing the
disappearance of persons by the abduction and clandestine detention of those
persons; or</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H7E4CDC484F004F919BDE379B14B4DF28"><enum>(5)</enum><text>other flagrant
denial of the right to life, liberty, and the security of person.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HAF3D097BDE3D4A17A112D21917DBBCBD"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Expiration of
determinations</header><text>A determination of the Secretary under subsection
(a) shall remain in effect until rescinded.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H0D36A5DF253140E789EB03D43BDD50C6"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Rescission of
determinations</header><text>A determination of the Secretary under subsection
(a) with respect to a foreign government may not be rescinded unless the
President submits to the appropriate congressional committees a report
certifying that the government has substantially improved its human rights
record and no longer engages in any of the actions described in subsection
(a).</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H84BF8B1129394BE1873F8B2C727FDF06"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Publication</header><text>A
determination made under subsection (a) or a report submitted under subsection
(c) shall be published in the Federal Register and made available on the
Internet website of the Department of State.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HA30BB02E839C45299794E0DCEB622A26"><enum>(e)</enum><header>List</header><text>The
Secretary shall include in the annual report required by section 9302 (relating
to congressional budget justification) a list of foreign governments for which
determinations under subsection (a) are currently in effect and the date on
which each such determination became effective.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HDB9C61D4F3014137B562C827EB614991"><enum>(f)</enum><header>Considerations</header><text>In
determining whether or not a foreign government meets the criteria described in
subsection (a), the Secretary shall consider—</text>
<paragraph id="HA2719F62912C411F945D993A50009A84"><enum>(1)</enum><text>the extent of
cooperation of the government in permitting an unimpeded investigation of
alleged violations of internationally recognized human rights by appropriate
international organizations, including the International Committee of the Red
Cross, or groups or persons acting under the authority of such
organizations;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H6B28FC3DCE83428083F49B60DC284D60"><enum>(2)</enum><text>specific actions
which have been taken by the President or Congress because of the human rights
practices or policies of the government; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H0A2042EDA206401886426F89F664323B"><enum>(3)</enum><text>whether the
government has engaged in or tolerated particularly severe violations of
religious freedom (as such term is defined in section 3 of the International
Religious Freedom Act of 1998).</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HA01DDD9546A04F588B65CF87C01782DE"><enum>(g)</enum><header>Waiver</header><text>Assistance
prohibited by subsection (a) may be provided, and licenses may be issued, to a
foreign government described in that subsection if, at least 15 days before
providing such assistance, the President submits to the relevant congressional
committees—</text>
<paragraph id="HA2750F6E3DDD445F90F837D4A4A1C226"><enum>(1)</enum><text>a
certification that—</text>
<subparagraph id="H3CA3BB572E284F61A8072CAD69ABEFE7"><enum>(A)</enum><text>extraordinary
circumstances exist warranting the provision of such assistance or the issuance
of such license; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HE54ACE314E334A97A3EF19FBB4CF5018"><enum>(B)</enum><text>the interests of
providing such assistance or issuing such license outweigh the interests of
protecting internationally recognized human rights; and</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="HBF9D5D174F51422B9E46159D4623506D"><enum>(2)</enum><text>a
report describing—</text>
<subparagraph id="H53D8A3CDB2BF482391E8FC6EA120FBB1"><enum>(A)</enum><text>the types and
amounts of assistance to be provided or licenses to be issued pursuant to the
waiver;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H75C9250985834CE283D5F0E17A5AF00B"><enum>(B)</enum><text>the justification
for such waiver; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H87F69129DBAF423D9FE3C2022FBD5F14"><enum>(C)</enum><text>the time period
for which such waiver will be effective.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><subsection commented="no" id="H6A68CC58BE004625B249094C968AE437"><enum>(h)</enum><header>Definitions</header><text>In
this section—</text>
<paragraph commented="no" id="H4A9703E2FDC6425DBD353C5F3E7ACCC9"><enum>(1)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">the term <term>genocide</term> means an
offense as described in section 1091 of title 18, United States Code;
and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="HC34A414293914EE6B1C20A1D73A3A314"><enum>(2)</enum><text>the term
<term>relevant congressional committees</term> means—</text>
<subparagraph id="HE3B96BC0AC674BD48EF9F3FCD98CFAA6"><enum>(A)</enum><text>the appropriate
congressional committees; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" id="HEBD644198C4F421289ED526599E3611E"><enum>(B)</enum><text>in the case of
licenses to be issued under the Export Administration Act of 1979 (as continued
in effect under the International Emergency Economic Powers Act) for the export
of crime control and detection instruments and equipment, the Committee on
Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs of the Senate.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></subsection></section><section id="H37D881A27F744244B922CBAD2811C91B"><enum>10102.</enum><header>Prohibition
on assistance to certain human rights violators</header>
<subsection id="H5F674D1A62AC48A783C6933E587251C8"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>No foreign assistance may be provided to—</text>
<paragraph id="HB02C05DFADF5452492227AE31AEB8C47"><enum>(1)</enum><text>any unit of the
security forces of a foreign government,</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HF09321C948A24E49A494817CB8D76EC1"><enum>(2)</enum><text>any agency or
instrumentality of a foreign government, or</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H3C28EE64C35947BCA14C56931D956C5F"><enum>(3)</enum><text>a
private partner,</text>
</paragraph><continuation-text continuation-text-level="subsection">if the
Secretary has credible information that such unit, agency or instrumentality,
or private partner, as the case may be, has committed a gross violation of
internationally recognized human rights.</continuation-text></subsection><subsection id="HD2799EA2AB594454B629725C9B0477C0"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Exception</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The prohibition in subsection (a) shall not
apply if the Secretary determines and reports to the appropriate congressional
committees that effective steps and corrective measures are being taken to
bring the responsible members of such unit, agency or instrumentality, or
private partner, as the case may be, to justice.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HD05B5AEC1A7745818C648752BB6BA231"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Duty To
inform</header>
<paragraph id="HDD3CD3AD063B492684B4B7803CE72C7D"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>In the event that funds are withheld from any unit
pursuant to this section, the Secretary shall promptly inform the foreign
government of the basis for such action and shall, to the maximum extent
practicable, assist the government in taking effective measures to bring the
responsible members of such unit to justice.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HCF5B695112DB48D7816AEDD0665E126B"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Publication</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The Secretary shall make publicly available
on the Internet website of the Department of State the identity of each unit
for which there is credible information that such unit has committed a gross
violation of internationally recognized human rights.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HB93E156C7CC142038B56AF5C918D0299"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Exception</header><text>The
requirements of paragraphs (1) and (2) shall not apply if the Secretary
determines such application would compromise United States sources and methods
or would jeopardize the health, safety, or human rights of a witness or
informant.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H756385005258423993196D88D6153242"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Credible
information</header><text>The Secretary shall establish, and periodically
update, procedures to—</text>
<paragraph id="H41C4DD88A23D43AF860BE5A2E825148F"><enum>(1)</enum><text>maintain a current
list of each foreign country with respect to which the United States provides
training, equipment, or other types of assistance to any unit of the security
forces of the government of such country;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H0D6D5284FB6A4E6D8A1289340EFD3FF3"><enum>(2)</enum><text>facilitate receipt
by the Department of State and United States embassies of information from
individuals and organizations outside the United States Government about gross
violations of internationally recognized human rights by any entity described
in paragraph (1), (2), or (3) of subsection (a);</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HF8FEEF2F37934A8B87D1FF96475DB2BF"><enum>(3)</enum><text>routinely request
and obtain such information from the Department of Defense, the Central
Intelligence Agency, and other United States Government sources departments and
agencies;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H7B61392F778E436AA085465BD4101A58"><enum>(4)</enum><text>synchronize
information obtained from all sources;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H6CB43A7489204BBF9B964A84124137DB"><enum>(5)</enum><text>ensure that such
information is evaluated and preserved;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H7603AF67556D4AC4B870892A7F47688B"><enum>(6)</enum><text>ensure that when
vetting an individual for eligibility to receive United States training the
individual’s unit is also vetted; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H7D22F2AAE50549A7A98676A57722A5FE"><enum>(7)</enum><text>seek to identify
the unit involved when credible information of a gross violation of
internationally recognized human rights exists but the identity of the unit is
lacking.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HEC4F8C1EC45B444481B0C22FC0F243ED"><enum>(e)</enum><header>Investigations</header>
<paragraph id="H77E8D66D94CC44E986860822695E7A01"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The Secretary is
authorized to use funds made available under title III or title IV for purposes
of gathering, receiving, preserving, investigating, and evaluating evidence of
gross violations of internationally recognized human rights by any entity
described in paragraph (1), (2), or (3) of subsection (a).</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H77B343292BBC46258712B7512412F126"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Supplement not
supplant</header><text>Funds made available under paragraph (1) are in addition
to amounts otherwise made available for the purposes described in paragraph
(1).</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H8AFD6CA73B704D63A1BD5316D9D82702"><enum>(f)</enum><header>Definitions</header><text>In
this section—</text>
<paragraph commented="no" id="H59ED011663E7443DA0321E9298DCC47F"><enum>(1)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">the term <term>agency or instrumentality of
a foreign government</term> means an agency or instrumentality of a foreign
state as defined in section 1603(b) of title 28, United States Code; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H340F802FC93A4AD894B0EDE6BA5DD8EE"><enum>(2)</enum><text>the term
<term>unit</term> means the smallest unit operating in the field.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section id="H7E07232051E647728E028CBE59D5B644"><enum>10103.</enum><header>Prohibition
on assistance to governments following coups d’état</header>
<subsection id="HF414E9B1658A413A947CB92E5DAA3BF6"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>No foreign assistance may be provided to a foreign
government whose duly elected leader the Secretary determines has been deposed
by violence or threat of violence.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H7CE35F9D3433412CA39D43EC4084CD84"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Exceptions</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The prohibition in subsection (a) shall not
apply with respect to a foreign government if the Secretary determines and
reports to the appropriate congressional committees that—</text>
<paragraph id="H646F35BDB07B4C468547E5D290F368B7"><enum>(1)</enum><text>the purpose and
effect of the deposition was to restore democratic governance; or</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HA6B54E29776C4EEC9164802B53E8DA41"><enum>(2)</enum><text>subsequent to the
deposition, a democratically elected government has taken office.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H8FE9A6AD1467481B834B4BA60754809F"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Publication</header><text>A
determination made under subsection (a) shall be published in the Federal
Register and made available on the Internet website of the Department of
State.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HB1AC8D3FA2C0487EA8CF31B8F2988925"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Waiver</header><text>Assistance
prohibited by subsection (a) may be provided to a foreign government described
in that subsection if, at least 15 days before providing assistance, the
Secretary submits to the appropriate congressional committees—</text>
<paragraph id="HD40DD4ADFEDD48758FB6CDA51A475CEE"><enum>(1)</enum><text>a
certification that providing assistance is important to the national security
interest of the United States; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H997AAF17CA924320893980A0B23CA9A8"><enum>(2)</enum><text>a
report describing—</text>
<subparagraph id="HCF0ADD19683C4AD39073A6977D2BF3AC"><enum>(A)</enum><text>the types and
amounts of assistance to be provided pursuant to the waiver;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HE0B272E2EC3247E5B30C380531E2E845"><enum>(B)</enum><text>the justification
for the waiver; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H16672F333218440594CB6F3E5340A6C1"><enum>(C)</enum><text>the time period
for which the waiver will be effective.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></subsection></section><section id="H91BEF116FBBF4EE78EF715D0E8E71045"><enum>10104.</enum><header>Prohibition
on assistance to governments that prohibit or impede delivery of humanitarian
assistance</header>
<subsection id="H95512CD714A6472CB6C8C1CC00436F7D"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>No foreign assistance may be provided to a foreign
government which the Secretary determines prohibits or impedes the delivery of
humanitarian assistance.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HCFFA829F2E9C4293B7430D53F8805894"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Publication</header><text>A
determination made under subsection (a) shall be published in the Federal
Register and made available on the Internet website of the Department of
State.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H5C558EA2B0264813B4CC9A9B464662CE"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Waiver</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Assistance prohibited by subsection (a) may
be provided to a foreign government described in that subsection if, at least
15 days before providing assistance, the Secretary certifies and reports to the
appropriate congressional committees that to do so is in the national security
interest of the United States.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="H50F36B018AAC4E9E95998DDFA63E00E6"><enum>10105.</enum><header>Prohibition
on use of funds to support or justify torture</header>
<subsection id="HE21C95AF27D44AC984F3FEEBD20726CA"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>No funds made available to carry out this Act may be made
available to support or justify the use of torture or cruel, inhuman, or
degrading treatment or punishment by any official or contract employee of the
United States Government.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H02710419E36B443CBA749E92ED3E67E5"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Reporting of
abuses</header><text>The Secretary shall submit to the appropriate
congressional committees a report of any credible information that an official
or contract employee of the United States Government has engaged in a violation
of subsection (a).</text>
</subsection></section><section id="H7D83869F25404254B853DD31F4FE07F1"><enum>10106.</enum><header>Prohibition
on assistance to governments engaged in intimidation and harassment against
individuals in the United States</header>
<subsection id="H02870BAC720A4458A384E9AD546C2F4F"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>No foreign assistance may be provided to a foreign
government which the Secretary determines is engaged in a consistent pattern of
acts of intimidation or harassment directed against individuals in the United
States.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H052AB51A4EFE4EEF82F58331E7D205CB"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Publication</header><text>A
determination made under subsection (a) shall be published in the Federal
Register and made available on the Internet website of the Department of
State.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H8E0D0731ADDC4B2FA873A14F3724B36C"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Determinations</header><text>The
Secretary shall report a determination under section (a) to the appropriate
congressional committees.</text>
</subsection></section></chapter><chapter id="HF4BA71BF8054499FA446FDCB16E473B1"><enum>2</enum><header>Non-Proliferation</header>
<section id="H7B79002E1FE74073801B8BCB00CF6FD6"><enum>10201.</enum><header>Prohibition
on assistance to governments that transfer nuclear enrichment equipment,
materials, or technology</header>
<subsection id="H6A792E97CA9D411AB3B7A2F1E89FA365"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>No foreign assistance may be provided to a foreign
government which the Secretary determines has delivered or received nuclear
enrichment equipment, materials, or technology to or from any other country on
or after August 4, 1977.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HA6089FA80DFF49AAA03E74E43F2D516D"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Exception</header><text>The
prohibition in subsection (a) shall not apply with respect to a foreign
government if—</text>
<paragraph id="H3033F0EAA1EC422187CBB56D730A9A66"><enum>(1)</enum><text>the receiving
country had not been designated as a state sponsor of terrorism before delivery
of such equipment, materials, or technology;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H0A38BC692F294F0189BFD5E0105A16C1"><enum>(2)</enum><text>the supplying and
receiving countries have reached agreement to place all such equipment,
materials, or technology, upon delivery, under multilateral auspices and
management when available;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H9489D4AEEDF84A2D87035EC0506B5184"><enum>(3)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">the transfers of all such equipment,
materials, or technology occur in compliance with the Guidelines of the Nuclear
Suppliers Group; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H7B877D78A06F4072A75E8324C9E005C6"><enum>(4)</enum><text>the receiving
country has entered into an agreement with the International Atomic Energy
Agency (IAEA) to place all such equipment, materials, technology, and all
nuclear fuel and facilities in the country under the safeguards system of the
IAEA, and is complying with such agreement.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H009ACF9D8C714588A2E58B13915522CF"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Expiration of
determinations</header><text>A determination of the Secretary under subsection
(a) shall remain in effect until rescinded.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H5C08287B378A4D0CACEA2FF83CDF52AE"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Rescission of
determinations</header><text>A determination of the Secretary under subsection
(a) with respect to a foreign government may not be rescinded unless the
President submits to the appropriate congressional committees a report
certifying that—</text>
<paragraph id="H441BB1259D18439AAA6F6782C97E59DE"><enum>(1)</enum><text>there has been a
fundamental change in the leadership and policies of the government; or</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H841A99700E544687851EFDFE603E8483"><enum>(2)</enum><text>the government has
entered into an agreement with the IAEA to place all such equipment, materials,
technology, and all nuclear fuel and facilities in such country under the
safeguards system of the IAEA, and is complying with such agreement.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H9A278B0AADC54949B6374B29A5DFE7FF"><enum>(e)</enum><header>Publication</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">A determination made under subsection (a)
or a report submitted under subsection (d) shall be published in the Federal
Register and made available on the Internet website of the Department of
State.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H45D3425988B749058A301B7DA4A2CE9F"><enum>(f)</enum><header>List</header><text>The
Secretary shall include in the annual report required by section 9302 (relating
to congressional budget justification) a list of governments for which
determinations under subsection (a) are currently in effect.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H042FBAE9DFF7477B8F7E166A92CE59C4"><enum>(g)</enum><header>Waiver</header><text>Assistance
prohibited by subsection (a) may be provided to a foreign government described
in that subsection if, at least 15 days before providing such assistance, the
President certifies and reports to the appropriate congressional committees
that—</text>
<paragraph id="H6E03133C9D2E469EA2F62B1381BFB08D"><enum>(1)</enum><text>the termination of
such assistance would have a serious adverse effect on vital United States
interests; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H6F2B74913468413DBF6A5F233DE951EB"><enum>(2)</enum><text>the President has
received reliable assurances that the government—</text>
<subparagraph id="H27A365C7440442FD9AC33AF69EEE8B01"><enum>(A)</enum><text>if a government of
a non-nuclear weapon state—</text>
<clause id="HB15BA395869E4C35AB6FB6AB73A9261C"><enum>(i)</enum><text>will
not acquire or develop nuclear weapons or assist other countries in doing so;
and</text>
</clause><clause id="HE4B4A893F76E4AB7A2616A5FE1CCB7A9"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>will ensure that
all past and future transfers of such equipment, materials, or technology shall
be placed under an appropriate safeguards system by the IAEA; and</text>
</clause></subparagraph><subparagraph id="HF7F88EA5030B4AA78151E1DABDF3EE0D"><enum>(B)</enum><text>has taken or will
take effective measures to ensure any future transfers of such equipment,
materials, or technology are made in accordance with the Guidelines of the
Nuclear Suppliers Group.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HEAF783C26F5A48A7B766AD4C09E16373"><enum>(h)</enum><header>Resolution of
disapproval</header>
<paragraph id="HC5F918DC6D0848D98E137F20D5DD1722"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>A rescission under subsection (d) or waiver under
subsection (g) of a determination under subsection (a) shall cease to be
effective if Congress enacts a joint resolution disapproving the proposed
rescission or waiver.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H013E907DC9134E07BA4B21D7E55ADA74"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Joint resolution
described</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">For the purposes of
paragraph (1), the term <term>joint resolution</term> means only a joint
resolution introduced not later than 30 days after the date of receipt of a
report under subsection (d) or (g), as the case may be, the matter after the
resolving clause of which is as follows: <quote>That the proposed _____
submitted to Congress on _____ under section 10201 of the Global Partnerships
Act of 2012 is hereby prohibited.</quote>, with the first blank space being
filled with <quote>rescission</quote> or <quote>waiver</quote>, as appropriate,
and the second blank space being filled with the appropriate date.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HF506D7E9B9E546E4808CCC575864BA3E"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Congressional
procedures</header><text>A joint resolution described in paragraph (2) and
introduced within the appropriate 30-day period shall be considered in the
Senate and the House of Representatives in accordance with paragraphs (3)
through (7) of section 8066(c) of the Department of Defense Appropriations Act,
1985 (as contained in Public Law 98–473), except that references in such
paragraphs to the Committees on Appropriations of the House of Representatives
and the Senate shall be deemed to be references to the Committee on Foreign
Affairs of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Foreign Relations
of the Senate, respectively.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section id="HCA2CB5860BF7470FB4DDF744A443ACA5"><enum>10202.</enum><header>Prohibition
on assistance to governments that transfer nuclear reprocessing equipment,
materials, or technology or nuclear explosive devices</header>
<subsection id="HA3F93CFE24AA4B5D9699FE2B80221B9B"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Prohibition</header>
<paragraph id="H2ADE25FB9EC748DFA9C06F8982FF574C"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>No foreign assistance may be provided, and no loans or
credit by a United States bank or financial institution extended, no goods
subject to licensing by the United States for national security or foreign
policy reasons exported, and no support by the United States given for any loan
or financial or technical assistance by an international financial institution,
to a government which the President determines—</text>
<subparagraph id="HF831D4573F854C98AB9DBC1E8CFCE63B"><enum>(A)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">transfers to a non-nuclear-weapon state a
nuclear explosive device, or any design information or component which is
determined by the President to be important to, and known by the transferring
government to be intended by the recipient state for use in, the development or
manufacture of any nuclear explosive device;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HF41A1E0EA0C349FA8146C3C4B5C22369"><enum>(B)</enum><text>is a
non-nuclear-weapon state and—</text>
<clause id="HA64D034CA15E4422A3C51306B6F25335"><enum>(i)</enum><text>receives a nuclear
explosive device;</text>
</clause><clause id="HDBD530820E1548CA91C3CCE2F719977D"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>detonates a
nuclear explosive device;</text>
</clause><clause id="H0E2929BED24D4A5891A60728B1162379"><enum>(iii)</enum><text>seeks and
receives any design information or component which is determined by the
President to be important to, and intended by the recipient state for use in,
the development or manufacture of any nuclear explosive device; or</text>
</clause><clause id="H0A3813C1C2314CC1921DD54CE2E3707E"><enum>(iv)</enum><text>on
or after August 8, 1985, exports illegally (or attempts to export illegally)
from the United States any material, equipment, or technology which would
contribute significantly to the ability of such country to manufacture a
nuclear explosive device, if the President determines that the material,
equipment, or technology was to be used by such country in the manufacture of a
nuclear explosive device, or</text>
</clause></subparagraph><subparagraph id="HF15CD7E01BCB405AB06FCE4F20DBF3E0"><enum>(C)</enum><text>delivers nuclear
reprocessing equipment, materials, or technology to any other country or
receives such equipment, materials, or technology from any other country, on or
after August 4, 1977.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H702C886572C84F21814DEE827CE7C8E0"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Rule of
construction</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">For purposes of
paragraph (1)(B)(4), an export (or attempted export) by a person who is an
agent of, or is otherwise acting on behalf of or in the interests of, a country
shall be considered to be an export (or attempted export) by that
country.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H20B4B7CB4C5F40CBAD43B59BAF3D6D59"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Exception</header><text>The
prohibitions under subsection (a) shall not apply—</text>
<paragraph id="H9F1C09F5375A435A84A682F188E7692C"><enum>(1)</enum><text>to any transaction
subject to the reporting requirements of title V of the National Security Act
of 1947 (relating to congressional oversight of intelligence
activities);</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H5EDCB97A5BCE4E858F714C63C3BFBB3F"><enum>(2)</enum><text>to medicines,
medical equipment, and humanitarian assistance; or</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H6742BA28B8F145178548DAE1B3DDCCE9"><enum>(3)</enum><text>to any credit,
credit guarantee, or financial assistance provided by the Department of
Agriculture to support the purchase of food or other agricultural
commodity.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H012EE7E215114820868ABBD027F507E8"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Waiver</header>
<paragraph id="HB647818DBC2B4BA3948E2FF7C21918C8"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>Assistance prohibited by subsection (a) may be provided
to a government described in that subsection if the President determines and
certifies to the appropriate congressional committees that the termination of
such assistance would be seriously prejudicial to the achievement of United
States nonproliferation objectives or otherwise jeopardize the common defense
and security.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H872CE2D5F99045EBADB936A3F8A8C23D"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Special
authority</header><text>Assistance prohibited by subsection (a)(1)(B)(ii) may
be provided to a foreign government described in that subsection if the
President determines and certifies to the appropriate congressional committees
that the government has taken a significant compensatory nonproliferation
action, such as the declaration of an unlimited moratorium on further nuclear
detonations, the signature and entry-into-force of a legally binding
international instrument prohibiting the production of additional fissile
nuclear material, or similar action.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H7A9BD41688B64641A61D50BAB8ED2279"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Effective
date</header><text>A certification under paragraph (1) or (2) shall not take
effect until 30 days of continuous session of Congress have elapsed after its
submission. For purposes of this paragraph, continuity of session of Congress
is broken only by an adjournment of Congress sine die and the days on which
either House is not in session because of an adjournment of more than 3 days to
a day certain are excluded in the computation of any period of time in which
Congress is in continuous session.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HFC464B4E357B44E5957C726F97405E98"><enum>(4)</enum><header>Non-delegation
or transfer</header><text>The President may not delegate or transfer the
President’s power, authority, or discretion to make or modify determinations
under this subsection.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HE5ADB56EE1CD44B99BF11251F09BE2FA"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Resolution of
disapproval</header>
<paragraph id="HE77639A26C444307B4D2DDEE879111AA"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>A waiver under subsection (c) of a determination under
subsection (a) shall cease to be effective if Congress enacts a joint
resolution disapproving the proposed waiver.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HBCE6DF54982340E1878B2B9A7651E7ED"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Joint resolution
described</header><text>For the purposes of paragraph (1), the term <term>joint
resolution</term> means only a joint resolution introduced not later than 30
days of continuous session of Congress (as described in subsection (c)(3))
after receipt of a certification under subsection (c), the matter after the
resolving clause of which is as follows: <quote>That the proposed waiver under
section 10202(c) of the Global Partnerships Act of 2012 is hereby
prohibited.</quote>.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H78A273D38AE340ECBF822D76C7AE14E6"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Congressional
procedures</header><text>A joint resolution described in paragraph (2) and
introduced within the appropriate period shall be considered in the Senate and
the House of Representatives in accordance with paragraphs (3) through (7) of
section 8066(c) of the Department of Defense Appropriations Act, 1985 (as
contained in Public Law 98–473), except that references in such paragraphs to
the Committees on Appropriations of the House of Representatives and the Senate
shall be deemed to be references to the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the
House of Representatives and the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate,
respectively.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H12929119EE7D48E9A8614E2723D0FFF8"><enum>(e)</enum><header>Definitions</header><text>In
this section—</text>
<paragraph id="HA3DB9D366B0845669DAD6CB88022A880"><enum>(1)</enum><text>the term
<term>non-nuclear-weapon state</term> has the meaning given the term in section
830(5) of the Nuclear Proliferation Prevention Act of 1994 (22 U.S.C. 6305(5));
and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HFED6937563E94BD28A142332CB514A39"><enum>(2)</enum><text>the term
<term>nuclear explosive device</term> has the meaning given that term in
section 830(4) of the Nuclear Proliferation Prevention Act of 1994 (22 U.S.C.
6305(4)).</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section id="H30D50089D4564AF28101B5754023802A"><enum>10203.</enum><header>Security
assistance to Pakistan</header>
<subsection id="H39BB7E89978B4FA29F6634C54E3B8976"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>Security assistance may be provided to Pakistan after the
Secretary makes a certification in accordance with subsection (b).</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H56039D09549D4E6B80C64DBCE4665394"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Certification</header><text>Not
less than 15 days before providing security assistance for Pakistan in a fiscal
year, the Secretary shall transmit a certification to the appropriate
congressional committees that—</text>
<paragraph id="HC120631E5946406CA1781405B6E28628"><enum>(1)</enum><text>the Government of
Pakistan is continuing to safeguard its nuclear weapons-related facilities,
material, and technology from theft and terrorist attack; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H2C541AFAE93B4840BE5363B3DB876C21"><enum>(2)</enum><text>the Government of
Pakistan during the preceding fiscal year has demonstrated a sustained
commitment to and is making significant efforts towards combating terrorist
groups, taking into account the extent to which the Government of Pakistan has
made progress on matters such as—</text>
<subparagraph id="H39CAE6B94DD74E3DAA142A619920AF92"><enum>(A)</enum><text>ceasing support,
including by any elements within the Pakistan military or its intelligence
agency, to extremist and terrorist groups, particularly to any group that has
conducted attacks against United States or coalition forces in Afghanistan, or
against the territory or people of neighboring countries;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H2B823212FA604AC4B3158404B99908CD"><enum>(B)</enum><text>preventing al
Qaeda, the Taliban and associated terrorist groups, such as Lashkar-e-Taiba,
the Haqqani Network and Jaish-e-Mohammed, from operating in the territory of
Pakistan, including by stopping cross-border attacks into neighboring
countries, closing terrorist camps in the Federally Administered Tribal Areas,
dismantling terrorist bases of operations in other parts of the country,
including Quetta and Muridke, and taking action when provided with intelligence
about high-level terrorist targets; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HFC9E0FA57006449086FF4ACE72951971"><enum>(C)</enum><text>strengthening
counterterrorism and anti-money laundering laws.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HF76D917FBF954E82B2A1DBBD77D44019"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Waiver</header>
<paragraph id="HB10A8A772D424FAD9BDC60DB56AF1B01"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>The Secretary may waive the requirement contained in
subsection (a) for a fiscal year if the Secretary determines that is important
to the national security interests of the United States to do so.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HFE8E65AFD2E746F79B2CC1E645B03692"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Prior notice of
waiver</header><text>The authority of paragraph (1) may not be exercised until
7 days after the Secretary provides to the appropriate congressional committees
a written notice of the intent to issue a waiver and the reasons therefor. The
notice may be submitted in classified or unclassified form, as
necessary.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HAF4CE3BC55514882B176DE6F2B1F4A01"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Effective
date</header><text>The provisions of this section shall take effect on the date
on which section 203 of the Enhanced Partnership with Pakistan Act of 2009
(Public Law 111–73) ceases to be effective.</text>
</subsection></section></chapter><chapter id="HBBF92F3D768A42F38E7B63AA2CCE85D5"><enum>3</enum><header>Narcotics</header>
<section id="HAB17D1B901034415AF2932B9BE4E2B7A"><enum>10301.</enum><header>Prohibition
on assistance to drug traffickers</header>
<subsection id="H0ADD083BA4E9423D9635B7B841E7CA80"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>The Secretary shall take all reasonable steps to ensure
that foreign assistance is not provided to or through any individual or entity
that the Secretary knows or has reason to believe—</text>
<paragraph id="HC37910762D6249C3827161AF6A206D72"><enum>(1)</enum><text>has been convicted
of a violation of, or a conspiracy to violate, any law or regulation of the
United States or a foreign country relating to narcotic or psychotropic drugs
or other controlled substances; or</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HB80E44613220416F9560DB2726666541"><enum>(2)</enum><text>is or has been an
illicit trafficker in any such controlled substance or is or has been a knowing
assistor, abettor, conspirator, or colluder with others in the illicit
trafficking in any such substance.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H22E031892FAB4643B8ED9C2B395F8207"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Regulations</header><text>The
Secretary shall issue regulations to carry out this section.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H8728FFCA82C7466FA31627C972DC6851"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Congressional
notification</header><text>Regulations issued pursuant to subsection (b) shall
be submitted to the appropriate congressional committees before they take
effect.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H532C9165060B4F46851D8624334313B9"><enum>(d)</enum><header>United States
defined</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">In this section, the
term <term>United States</term> includes each State of the several States, the
District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, American Samoa, Guam,
the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, the Virgin Islands of the
United States, and any other territory or possession of the United
States.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="H4BEE1DBE1D554D6B93CA663B38881FC0"><enum>10302.</enum><header>Prohibition
on assistance to state sponsors of drug trafficking</header>
<subsection id="HE66A9D6BAC7F476B8E356DDCCD0A43B0"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">No foreign assistance
may be provided to a foreign government which the Secretary determines has
expressly consented to, or with knowledge, allowed, tolerated, or disregarded
the recurring use of any part of the land, waters, or airspace of the country
for the transit, production, or financing of illicit narcotics.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HA0BE49642B16404D85C69D8DF92FB0A8"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Expiration of
determinations</header><text>A determination of the Secretary under subsection
(a) shall remain in effect until rescinded.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H40364F3FE6EF45559E5E349D3978835D"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Rescission of
determinations</header><text>A determination of the Secretary under subsection
(a) with respect to a government may not be rescinded unless the President
submits to the appropriate congressional committees a report certifying that
such government no longer expressly consents to, or with knowledge, allows,
tolerates, or disregards the recurring use of any part of the land, waters, or
airspace of the country for the transit, production, or financing of illicit
narcotics.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H043F4564384C43A49179CE7B6C9B9852"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Publication</header><text>A
determination made under subsection (a) and a report submitted under subsection
(c) shall be published in the Federal Register and made available on the
Internet website of the Department of State.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HAEE0724A604546C5AE4393EC97B91247"><enum>(e)</enum><header>List</header><text>The
Secretary shall include in the annual report required by section 9302 (relating
to congressional budget justification) a list of governments for which
determinations under subsection (a) are currently in effect and the date on
which each determination became effective.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HFA2716591B4B49F7B51A9AF33D85C74C"><enum>(f)</enum><header>Waiver</header><text>Assistance
prohibited by subsection (a) may be provided to a government described in that
subsection if, at least 15 days before providing assistance, the President
submits to the appropriate congressional committees—</text>
<paragraph id="H37369F6BACC8433FA6CBE0C12D2A793C"><enum>(1)</enum><text>a
certification that national security interests or humanitarian reasons justify
such a waiver; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HBEF1981805194FFDA791075EF25E1141"><enum>(2)</enum><text>a
report describing—</text>
<subparagraph id="H14E92E1DEFEC4892A6A6C4F06238564F"><enum>(A)</enum><text>the type and
amount of assistance to be provided pursuant to the waiver;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H4770056C844C48CDA979DDAD891F4328"><enum>(B)</enum><text>the justification
for such waiver; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H51F4559A560F4078A882DDFC06BD3FB1"><enum>(C)</enum><text>the time period
for which such waiver will be effective.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></subsection></section><section id="H72D03F2B88D2416DB5463F068E04A873"><enum>10303.</enum><header>Prohibition
on reimbursements for drug crop eradications</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">No foreign assistance may be made available
to reimburse persons in foreign countries for the eradication of their illicit
drug crops.</text>
</section></chapter><chapter id="HF6C7E7ABFE404FB98AB446DB184C4DF5"><enum>4</enum><header>Terrorism</header>
<subchapter id="H810F1A5CB703494BB480A6D08C497A63"><enum>A</enum><header>General
provisions</header>
<section id="HB3828A679F5447AEAC396DC17778C655"><enum>10401.</enum><header>Prohibition
on assistance to state sponsors of terrorism</header>
<subsection id="H6A0BF49DF2EA445AA87B54D6BCE404CE"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>No foreign assistance may be provided to a foreign
government which the Secretary determines—</text>
<paragraph id="H82412B0B1B0441928026E289ED859904"><enum>(1)</enum><text>has repeatedly
provided support for acts of international terrorism; or</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HD21DDAA5CAD54DB2B287A24A748F40B7"><enum>(2)</enum><text>is controlled by
an organization designated as a terrorist organization under section 219 of the
Immigration and Nationality Act.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H2696A41C1F1A482CBFE259FC838F7DA0"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Expiration of
determinations</header><text>A determination of the Secretary under subsection
(a) shall remain in effect until rescinded.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H947CAEDCB4ED484EA7F7C955902D1441"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Rescission of
determinations</header><text>A determination of the Secretary under subsection
(a) with respect to a government may not be rescinded unless the President
submits to the appropriate congressional committees—</text>
<paragraph id="H965BB5617AC844C090BC1E4DBD3A0097"><enum>(1)</enum><text>before the
proposed rescission would take effect, a report certifying that—</text>
<subparagraph id="HDF32D071662D454586A75AEE61DE9ADC"><enum>(A)</enum><text>there has been a
fundamental change in the leadership and policies of the government;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HE31936B530A543F2A19D0AB633B7F7D2"><enum>(B)</enum><text>the government is
not supporting acts of international terrorism; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HCEB41E79ABC64E6189D3D4FD5F9196C8"><enum>(C)</enum><text>the government has
provided assurances that it will not support acts of international terrorism in
the future; or</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="HD9FA54882B00446A9079BA9D2463B43E"><enum>(2)</enum><text>at least 45 days
before the proposed rescission would take effect, a report justifying the
rescission and certifying that—</text>
<subparagraph id="HD19221FDD8D94C8A9B44DF9A98EAD0D5"><enum>(A)</enum><text>the government has
not provided any support for international terrorism during the preceding
6-month period; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H0A7E338B845F48458A702E4E6211F3C6"><enum>(B)</enum><text>the government has
provided assurances that it will not support acts of international terrorism in
the future.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HFCE36C1E3CA74EB9A85CE33A7AE653F5"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Publication</header><text>A
determination made under subsection (a) or a report submitted under subsection
(c) shall be published in the Federal Register and made available on the
Internet website of the Department of State.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H5C4D30B7BDD2495C98FB9DE9FA7A034B"><enum>(e)</enum><header>List</header><text>The
Secretary shall include in the annual report required by section 9302 (relating
to congressional budget justification) a list of governments for which
determinations under subsection (a) are currently in effect.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H1746DF60D5A94BFAB310F12D5F268A30"><enum>(f)</enum><header>Waiver</header><text>Assistance
prohibited by subsection (a) may be provided to a foreign government described
in that subsection if, at least 15 days before providing assistance, the
President submits to the appropriate congressional committees—</text>
<paragraph id="H1C079F99A3B649E8B2C21A6D2C0FBD45"><enum>(1)</enum><text>a
certification that national security interests or humanitarian reasons justify
a such a waiver; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H7DDC8CD2A1C045F6B705F46DA9EF9403"><enum>(2)</enum><text>a
report describing—</text>
<subparagraph id="H8F40D24CE76D466C946A0D323EEFCD1E"><enum>(A)</enum><text>the type and
amount of assistance to be provided pursuant to the waiver;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H38803ED7FEFE4A82A0070FF028369DC1"><enum>(B)</enum><text>the justification
for such waiver; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H30C5CE90B00D4D5CB047BAB1ECC8CA4F"><enum>(C)</enum><text>the time period
for which such waiver will be effective.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H30EE269888CE4C2586E83E664E0615B6"><enum>(g)</enum><header>Resolution of
disapproval</header>
<paragraph id="H9CC8404ED236405C91045CB2921D190A"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>A rescission under subsection (c)(2) or a waiver under
subsection (f) of a determination under subsection (a) shall cease to be
effective if Congress enacts a joint resolution disapproving the proposed
rescission or waiver.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H1BF4E103F05741239070268078521D0E"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Joint resolution
described</header><text>For the purposes of paragraph (1), the term <term>joint
resolution</term> means only a joint resolution introduced not later than 45
days after the date of receipt of a report under subsection (c)(2) or not later
than 15 days after receipt of a certification under subsection (f), as the case
may be, the matter after the resolving clause of which is as follows:
<quote>That the proposed _____ submitted to Congress on _____ under section
10401 of the Global Partnerships Act of 2012 is hereby prohibited.</quote>,
with the first blank space being filled with <quote>rescission</quote> or
<quote>waiver</quote>, as appropriate, and the second blank space being filled
with the appropriate date.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H1917D213F992481897C45C82AB947F2C"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Congressional
procedures</header><text>A joint resolution described in paragraph (2) and
introduced within the appropriate period shall be considered in the Senate and
the House of Representatives in accordance with paragraphs (3) through (7) of
section 8066(c) of the Department of Defense Appropriations Act, 1985 (as
contained in Public Law 98–473), except that references in such paragraphs to
the Committees on Appropriations of the House of Representatives and the Senate
shall be deemed to be references to the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the
House of Representatives and the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate,
respectively.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HAD8E575A9AE2405F80FB2402B189EAFA"><enum>(h)</enum><header>Definition</header><text>In
this section, the term <term>support for acts of international terrorism</term>
includes—</text>
<paragraph id="H17EEE1B0F31743E189733EABED81B965"><enum>(1)</enum><text>expressly
consenting to, or with knowledge, allowing, tolerating, or disregarding the
recurring use of any part of the land, waters, or airspace of the country by a
terrorist or terrorist organization—</text>
<subparagraph id="H6EBD5C5FE7A146CBB5B5BB647F0D7A8F"><enum>(A)</enum><text>to carry out
terrorist activities, including training, financing, and recruitment; or</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H5EF1FF790AD0460EAF9A96C612AD4256"><enum>(B)</enum><text>as a transit
point;</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H81C66C8A34174A50B553A86BB6E332B8"><enum>(2)</enum><text>granting sanctuary
from prosecution to any individual or group which has committed an act of
international terrorism; or</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HF84E5B72807B4059882FAF4AFD0C4F9B"><enum>(3)</enum><text>willfully aiding
or abetting—</text>
<subparagraph id="HC5309B376A494DD7A58E4200D36224CD"><enum>(A)</enum><text>the international
proliferation of nuclear explosive devices to individuals or groups;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HA7D3CEC77B83463E9B6DB0AF048FBF14"><enum>(B)</enum><text>the acquisition by
individuals or groups of unsafeguarded special nuclear material; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HD777F8A434394597961CA4A3C38ED6FE"><enum>(C)</enum><text>the efforts of an
individual or group to use, develop, produce, stockpile, or otherwise acquire
chemical, biological, or radiological weapons.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></subsection></section><section id="H32FB55BE9450406C954ACBCF1CC6957C"><enum>10402.</enum><header>Prohibition
on assistance to foreign governments supporting state sponsors of
terrorism</header>
<subsection id="HA0E841C873E44DA68290252C4CCCA59E"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>No foreign assistance may be provided to a foreign
government which the Secretary determines provides assistance (other than
humanitarian assistance) to, or transfers lethal military equipment to, a state
sponsor of terrorism.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H8CD3027A28A645DA8656973068A3E3A7"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Applicability</header><text>The
prohibition in subsection (a) shall apply only to assistance provided or
transfers made after the date on which a government was designated as a state
sponsor of terrorism.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H2904ABDEE8A64EB58DC225A971AA6FB7"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Expiration of
determinations</header><text>A determination of the Secretary under subsection
(a) shall remain in effect until rescinded.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H5800D6F96CC7444983712098200EADBD"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Rescission of
determinations</header><text>A determination of the Secretary under subsection
(a) with respect to a government may not be rescinded unless the President
submits to the appropriate congressional committees a report certifying
that—</text>
<paragraph id="H3D98CC76C654449A9FA8DC1D40E525DC"><enum>(1)</enum><text>the government has
not provided assistance or transferred lethal military equipment to a state
sponsor of terrorism during the preceding 12-month period;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H5DEAE1412A4E4C358B8B6E6BC09B8139"><enum>(2)</enum><text>there has been a
fundamental change in the leadership and policies of the government; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HE1F2B352113540A79DE611AD5F2DD79B"><enum>(3)</enum><text>the government has
provided assurances that it will not provide assistance or transfer lethal
military equipment to a state sponsor of terrorism in the future.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HA327DE112E0249D4A894DC9AAD3F8BB7"><enum>(e)</enum><header>Publication</header><text>A
determination made under subsection (a) and a report submitted under subsection
(d) shall be published in the Federal Register and made available on the
Internet website of the Department of State.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H386CB35FF91244FAA142A3388D0FF59B"><enum>(f)</enum><header>List</header><text>The
Secretary shall include in the annual report required by section 9302 (relating
to congressional budget justification) a list of governments for which
determinations under subsection (a) are currently in effect.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H394F961C8A8741EDAB4CA604D3DC7F2A"><enum>(g)</enum><header>Waiver</header><text>Assistance
prohibited by subsection (a) may be provided to a government described in that
subsection if, at least 15 days before providing assistance, the President
submits to the appropriate congressional committees—</text>
<paragraph id="H42B1399167C74F3DA1A64A32C8B25688"><enum>(1)</enum><text>a
certification that providing foreign assistance to the government is important
to the national interests of the United States; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H772EB48F748444C7B82F77C3FC8BBE9A"><enum>(2)</enum><text>a
report describing—</text>
<subparagraph id="H089482F54170456FAC3B91D95847BA01"><enum>(A)</enum><text>the type and
amount of assistance to be provided pursuant to the waiver;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H15463B9DB4FC47C8BA802D92B1B56A92"><enum>(B)</enum><text>the justification
for such waiver; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HCFCE3000748F4E58A0CEF9ECA8F8D4B4"><enum>(C)</enum><text>the time period
for which such waiver will be effective.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></subsection></section><section id="H0957E13594F745108C505289A9B7D9FC"><enum>10403.</enum><header>Prohibition
on transactions with state sponsors of terrorism</header>
<subsection id="H051478110E934D29B3ED17EE43C198E6"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Prohibited
transactions by the united states government</header><text>The following
transactions by the United States Government are prohibited:</text>
<paragraph id="HBA1B096CA59B4217BD0E106CCB06F231"><enum>(1)</enum><text>Exporting or
otherwise providing (by sale, lease or loan, grant, or other means), directly
or indirectly, any munitions item to a country described in subsection (d)
under the authority of this Act or any other law (except as provided in
subsection (g)). In implementing this paragraph, the President—</text>
<subparagraph id="H316F5FB61C8645B998265A0ADD758654"><enum>(A)</enum><text>shall suspend
delivery to such country of any such item pursuant to any such transaction
which has not been completed at the time the Secretary makes the determination
described in section 10401(a) with respect to the government of the country;
and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HC81338D15E5E4A1A91DD0EEBDB385C4F"><enum>(B)</enum><text>shall terminate
any lease or loan to such country of any such item which is in effect at the
time the Secretary makes that determination.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H47F9EB9ED54F4663865B87FF16E7EE70"><enum>(2)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Providing credits, guarantees, or other
financial assistance under the authority of this Act or any other law (except
as provided in subsection (g)), with respect to the acquisition of any
munitions item by a country described in subsection (d). In implementing this
paragraph, the President shall suspend expenditures pursuant to any such
assistance obligated before the Secretary makes the determination described in
section 10401(a) with respect to the government of the country. The President
may authorize expenditures otherwise required to be suspended pursuant to the
preceding sentence if the President has determined, and reported to Congress,
that suspension of those expenditures causes undue financial hardship to a
supplier, shipper, or similar person and allowing the expenditure will not
result in any munitions item being made available for use by such
country.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HF2686127FF5D4F698FA76862E263073C"><enum>(3)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Consenting under this Act, or under any
other law (except as provided in subsection (g)), to any transfer of any
munitions item to a country described in subsection (d). In implementing this
paragraph, the President shall withdraw any such consent, which is in effect at
the time the Secretary makes the determination described in section 10401(a)
with respect to the government of the country, except that this sentence does
not apply with respect to any item that has already been transferred to such
country.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H5BADC9711416472EAC20F4885489C094"><enum>(4)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Providing any license or other approval
under this Act for any export or other transfer (including by means of a
technical assistance agreement, manufacturing licensing agreement, or
coproduction agreement) of any munitions item to a country described in
subsection (d). In implementing this paragraph, the President shall suspend any
such license or other approval which is in effect at the time the Secretary
makes the determination described in section 10401(a) with respect to the
government of the country, except that this sentence does not apply with
respect to any item that has already been exported or otherwise transferred to
such country.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HDBDF8368315B4D5FABB3E73429363BDB"><enum>(5)</enum><text>Otherwise
facilitating the acquisition of any munitions item by a state sponsor of
terrorism. This paragraph applies with respect to activities undertaken—</text>
<subparagraph id="HF58ED22C72F04435AF75EE4A0A76CE14"><enum>(A)</enum><text>by any department,
agency, or other instrumentality of the United States Government;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HE1DF322895CC4BDDBF34F36AF44F4D53"><enum>(B)</enum><text>by any officer or
employee of the United States Government (including members of the United
States Armed Forces); or</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H377B4A1C3E334D61A10A8EEF42344AD3"><enum>(C)</enum><text>by any other
person at the request or on behalf of the United States Government.</text>
</subparagraph><continuation-text continuation-text-level="paragraph">The
President may waive the requirements of the second sentence of paragraph (1),
the second sentence of paragraph (3), and the second sentence of paragraph (4)
to the extent that the President determines, after consultation with Congress,
that unusual and compelling circumstances require that the President not take
the actions specified in that sentence.</continuation-text></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H758E1A55A56C4FEE9FFEE18EAC544500"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Prohibited
transactions by united states persons</header>
<paragraph id="H53A9C3B7207F4A748B5E046EF2878F08"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>A United States person may not take any of the following
actions:</text>
<subparagraph id="HBF6BF3D433BB4ADB899ABD1FE18C3F31"><enum>(A)</enum><text>Exporting any
munitions item to any country described in subsection (d).</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H6E5BC10239004A5083245CD24BC78618"><enum>(B)</enum><text>Selling, leasing,
loaning, granting, or otherwise providing any munitions item to any country
described in subsection (d).</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HC108A4C18EAB492EAE74C4A9ADEAFB27"><enum>(C)</enum><text>Selling, leasing,
loaning, granting, or otherwise providing any munitions item to any recipient
which is not the government of or a person in a country described in subsection
(d) if the United States person has reason to know that the munitions item will
be made available to any country described in subsection (d).</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H5E75E5E850554133A80A921BC4200A17"><enum>(D)</enum><text>Taking any other
action which would facilitate the acquisition, directly or indirectly, of any
munitions item by a state sponsor of terrorism, or any person acting on behalf
of that government, if the United States person has reason to know that action
will facilitate the acquisition of that item by such a government or
person.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="HB14F5B26562F47B9AFB7CC40CDBACFAF"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Liability for
actions of foreign subsidiaries, etc</header><text>A United States person
violates this subsection if a corporation or other person that is controlled in
fact by that United States person (as determined under regulations, which the
President shall issue), takes an action described in paragraph (1) outside the
United States.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HB736ACC6A84C485AB65E78A1B14DEAE8"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Applicability to
actions outside the united states</header><text>Paragraph (1) applies with
respect to actions described in that paragraph which are taken either within or
outside the United States by a United States person described in subsection
(k)(2)(A) or (B). To the extent provided in regulations issued under subsection
(k)(2)(D), paragraph (1) applies with respect to actions described in that
paragraph which are taken outside the United States by a person designated as a
United States person in those regulations.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H2AFB8F68D7FD430CA2B964F6D7244EE2"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Transfers to
governments and persons covered</header><text>This section applies with respect
to—</text>
<paragraph id="H6DB24B5E1A804D76B847F70014994B6E"><enum>(1)</enum><text>the acquisition of
munitions items by a state sponsor of terrorism; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HF8A25B4449AF4F9198ADD564E68150BE"><enum>(2)</enum><text>the acquisition of
munitions items by any individual, group, or other person within a country
described in subsection (d), except to the extent that subparagraph (D) of
subsection (b)(1) provides otherwise.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HD57C40ED241A449386CED1A24EB89386"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Countries
covered by prohibition</header><text>The prohibitions contained in this section
apply with respect to any country that is the subject of a determination under
section 10401(a), which has not been waived or rescinded.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HFA8BCF615A1C49DAA06D36831769826F"><enum>(e)</enum><header>Publication of
determinations</header><text>Each determination of the Secretary under
subsection (d) shall be published in the Federal Register and made available on
the Internet website of the Department of State.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H012B3081D57A4E13960E21FF7746E9A0"><enum>(f)</enum><header>Waiver</header>
<paragraph id="HC90B83167997426F8FEE9898F5BB4CD5"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>The President may waive the prohibitions contained in
this section with respect to a specific transaction if—</text>
<subparagraph id="HBB344320963047BCB048E1BFA1DBBC8B"><enum>(A)</enum><text>the President
determines that the transaction is essential to the national security interests
of the United States; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H304E268D4548432E8F48DFE92EAEE11F"><enum>(B)</enum><text>not less than 15
days prior to the proposed transaction, the President—</text>
<clause id="H68BEF76D14CB4A50991D29BF93CFB386"><enum>(i)</enum><text>consults with the
Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives and the Committee
on Foreign Relations of the Senate; and</text>
</clause><clause id="HB9818D7DD6C64B75AB8CDCB58A3A0D87"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>submits to the
appropriate congressional committees a report containing—</text>
<subclause id="HB656912D6B434B27B50E5314CFC9D7CE"><enum>(I)</enum><text>the name of any
country involved in the proposed transaction, the identity of any recipient of
the items to be provided pursuant to the proposed transaction, and the
anticipated use of those items;</text>
</subclause><subclause id="H1EB97159BCF74D8A9B173F7A3A339FCF"><enum>(II)</enum><text>a description of
the munitions items involved in the proposed transaction (including their
market value) and the actual sale price at each step in the transaction (or if
the items are transferred by other than sale, the manner in which they will be
provided);</text>
</subclause><subclause id="H56E00827DB024557883F718DDBE7DCF6"><enum>(III)</enum><text>the reasons why
the proposed transaction is essential to the national security interests of the
United States and the justification for such proposed transaction;</text>
</subclause><subclause id="HB28AC1D9DB7042CCB1E1723DC9DE3471"><enum>(IV)</enum><text>the date on which
the proposed transaction is expected to occur; and</text>
</subclause><subclause id="H78334CA3E2464480818A957295894896"><enum>(V)</enum><text>the name of each
United States Government department, agency, or other entity involved in the
proposed transaction, every foreign government involved in the proposed
transaction, and every private party with significant participation in the
proposed transaction.</text>
</subclause></clause></subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H3203BFB930B040B5AEC362996A44A78F"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Form</header><text>To
the extent possible, the information specified in paragraph (1)(B)(ii) shall be
provided in unclassified form, with any classified information provided in an
addendum to the report.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H26F652F3B8434D8D8368F156C6B9E808"><enum>(g)</enum><header>Exemption for
transactions subject to national security act reporting
requirements</header><text>The prohibitions contained in this section do not
apply with respect to any transaction subject to reporting requirements under
title V of the National Security Act of 1947 (50 U.S.C. 413 et seq.; relating
to congressional oversight of intelligence activities).</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H14A0AB77469A4EA4973409578AB9A507"><enum>(h)</enum><header>Relation to
other laws</header>
<paragraph id="H389D70C0E2E344F3A50BF4E359898B5B"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>With regard to munitions items controlled pursuant to
this Act, the provisions of this section shall apply notwithstanding any other
provisions of law, other than section 10603.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HC9AE5BD32A8049B584DAB826A0ED0F44"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Waiver
authority</header><text>If the authority of section 10603(a) is used to permit
a transaction under this Act which is otherwise prohibited by this section, the
written policy justification required by that section shall include the
information specified in subsection (f)(2)(B) of this section.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H5E8B6626095E43B7AFEB5E43F8883E52"><enum>(i)</enum><header>Criminal
penalty</header><text>Any person who willfully violates this section shall be
fined for each violation not more than $1,000,000, imprisoned not more than 10
years, or both.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H7B129B080F8940DD898135DD33301FD1"><enum>(j)</enum><header>Civil penalties;
enforcement</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">In the
enforcement of this section, the President is authorized to exercise the same
powers concerning violations and enforcement which are conferred upon
departments, agencies, and officials by sections 11(c), 11(e), 11(g), and 12(a)
of the Export Administration Act of 1979 (as continued in effect under the
International Emergency Economic Powers Act) (subject to the same terms and
conditions as are applicable to such powers under that Act), except that
section 11(c)(2)(B) of such Act shall not apply, and instead, as prescribed in
regulations issued under this section, the Secretary of State may assess civil
penalties for violations of this Act and regulations prescribed thereunder and
further may commence a civil action to recover such civil penalties, and except
further that, notwithstanding section 11(c) of that Act, the civil penalty for
each violation of this section may not exceed $500,000.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HBD9AC41ECE7549969D789C7E9F1A3F61"><enum>(k)</enum><header>Definitions</header><text>As
used in this section—</text>
<paragraph id="H3AAA7913AC2F4EF08204DAC0E8531200"><enum>(1)</enum><text>the term
<term>munitions item</term> means any item enumerated on the United States
Munitions list (without regard to whether the item is imported into or exported
from the United States);</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H73AB4E74DF4449809BF939A4BEB883CD"><enum>(2)</enum><text>the term
<term>United States person</term> means—</text>
<subparagraph id="H50E10FD60443479CB20188DAAE65409C"><enum>(A)</enum><text>any citizen or
permanent resident alien of the United States;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HF75E97AF3AD94E4EB939D14B92C4E248"><enum>(B)</enum><text>any sole
proprietorship, partnership, company, association, or corporation having its
principal place of business within the United States or organized under the
laws of the United States, any State, the District of Columbia, the
Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands,
or any territory or possession of the United States;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HD2A020F98A0E4F96AA83B5F4014852D4"><enum>(C)</enum><text>any other person
with respect to that person’s actions while in the United States; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H6B4426F095B84EB795C897554EB2AE6C"><enum>(D)</enum><text>to the extent
provided in regulations issued by the Secretary, any person that is not
described in subparagraph (A), (B), or (C) but—</text>
<clause id="H0766B7836B144A38BCD0200B1735F03C"><enum>(i)</enum><text>is a
foreign subsidiary or affiliate of a United States person described in
subparagraph (B) and is controlled in fact by that United States person (as
determined in accordance with those regulations), or</text>
</clause><clause id="HAA7ACBD49F90445A9E849E304B098F0C"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>is
otherwise subject to the jurisdiction of the United States,</text>
</clause><continuation-text continuation-text-level="subparagraph">with
respect to that person’s actions while outside the United States;</continuation-text></subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H53F6DFE543874156A257829BC0DC28C0"><enum>(3)</enum><text>the term
<term>nuclear explosive device</term> has the meaning given that term in
section 830(4) of the Nuclear Proliferation Prevention Act of 1994 (22 U.S.C.
6305(4)); and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HEAA237CB9B5247ED854A121D79830AF4"><enum>(4)</enum><text>the term
<term>unsafeguarded special nuclear material</term> has the meaning given that
term in section 830(8) of the Nuclear Proliferation Prevention Act of 1994 (22
U.S.C. 6305 (8)).</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section id="H0F9BC78D26F24213A1F833DF2E086C35"><enum>10404.</enum><header>Transactions
with countries not fully cooperating with United States counterterrorism
efforts</header>
<subsection id="HADF37AF774D64F67B2C88DE9AF43887F"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Prohibited
transactions</header><text>No defense article or defense service may be sold or
licensed for export under this Act in a fiscal year to a foreign country whose
government the Secretary determines and certifies to Congress, by May 15 of the
calendar year in which that fiscal year begins, is not cooperating fully with
United States counterterrorism efforts.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H66A023C34A0C40ED9610AF274D4A8DF7"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Waiver</header><text>The
President may waive the prohibition in subsection (a) with respect to a
specific transaction if the President determines and reports to the appropriate
congressional committees that the transaction is important to the national
interests of the United States.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="HC8868D8888244340B972A4E9C44A6A4C"><enum>10405.</enum><header>Withholding
of United States proportionate share for certain programs of international
organizations</header>
<subsection id="H3CBE792839414CDAB38F424403A977E4"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>No contributions by the United States shall be made to
any international organization for the United States proportionate share for
programs in countries determined to be state sponsors of terrorism in
accordance with section 10401(a).</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HD0AB4C2164D745458794DF3F4B7AD0AB"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Proportionate
share</header><text>The Secretary shall—</text>
<paragraph id="H320FC389BE1340BFAB1598CABD5383B6"><enum>(1)</enum><text>review, at least
annually, the budgets and accounts of all international organizations receiving
funds under this Act; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H354F8401F7684A10A43ABCFA10A5AF0F"><enum>(2)</enum><text>report to the
appropriate congressional committees the amounts of funds expended by each such
organization for the purposes described in subsection (a) and the amount
contributed by the United States to each such organization.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HA5B9F3F17BF846D0921806B8D3FD9587"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Exceptions</header><text>The
limitation in subsection (a) shall not apply to contributions to the
International Atomic Energy Agency or the United Nations Children’s Fund
(UNICEF).</text>
</subsection></section></subchapter><subchapter id="H5930D55A26744F9EB3AD93617256343A"><enum>B</enum><header>Middle East
provisions</header>
<section id="HBFB1F1F887A9447BA4D501B4FCF0A88F"><enum>10411.</enum><header>Conditional
contributions to certain international organizations</header>
<subsection id="H6B97D36DE12345678D5F98CCFF232B7D"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">No contributions by
the United States shall be made to the United Nations Relief and Works Agency
for Palestine Refugees in the Near East.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HEECEAFE62A16484AA14E7503F04D0FA5"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Exception</header><text>The
limitation in subsection (a) shall not apply if the Secretary determines and
reports to the appropriate congressional committees that the United Nations
Relief and Works Agency is taking all possible measures to assure that no part
of the United States contribution shall be used to provide assistance to any
refugee who is receiving military training as a member of any terrorist group
or guerrilla-type organization or who has engaged in any act of
terrorism.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="H6D47CF4659FB4076A8A3BA9BBFE508DA"><enum>10412.</enum><header>Limitation on
assistance to the Palestinian Authority</header>
<subsection id="H120CF7DACB224FA2953B2580DBA8E415"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Limitation</header><text>Assistance
may be provided under this Act to the Hamas-controlled Palestinian Authority
only during a period for which a certification described in subsection (b) is
in effect.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H4B55EC6996B94B9A9DEFA9E7968AA289"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Certification</header><text>A
certification described in subsection (a) is a certification transmitted by the
President to Congress that contains a determination of the President
that—</text>
<paragraph id="H513DA6724E1A49D1BEFE35BB3E9B4525"><enum>(1)</enum><text>no ministry,
agency, or instrumentality of the Palestinian Authority is effectively
controlled by Hamas, unless the Hamas-controlled Palestinian Authority
has—</text>
<subparagraph id="HFF4F9C241667485BBCEFE257BB0962D8"><enum>(A)</enum><text>publicly
acknowledged the Jewish state of Israel’s right to exist; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H9675C308CABB4505BC1DD350560908E7"><enum>(B)</enum><text>committed itself
and is adhering to all previous agreements and understandings with the United
States Government, with the Government of Israel, and with the international
community, including agreements and understandings pursuant to the
Performance-Based Roadmap to a Permanent Two-State Solution to the
Israeli-Palestinian Conflict (commonly referred to as the
<quote>Roadmap</quote>); and</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="HB0D45140A5D6459FAC5E2CA3740C17B9"><enum>(2)</enum><text>the
Hamas-controlled Palestinian Authority has made demonstrable progress
toward—</text>
<subparagraph id="HABDA262C7B654B80A4D77383E01CCEBA"><enum>(A)</enum><text>completing the
process of purging from its security services individuals with ties to
terrorism;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HBA639A96500942FC8D74417427E8E149"><enum>(B)</enum><text>dismantling all
terrorist infrastructure within its jurisdiction, confiscating unauthorized
weapons, arresting and bringing terrorists to justice, destroying unauthorized
arms factories, thwarting and preempting terrorist attacks, and fully
cooperating with Israel’s security services;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HA16CC51C36E843C1ADE3777F5A7A1E21"><enum>(C)</enum><text>halting all
anti-American and anti-Israel incitement in Palestinian Authority-controlled
electronic and print media and in schools, mosques, and other institutions it
controls, and replacing educational materials, including textbooks, with
materials that promote peace, tolerance, and coexistence with Israel;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H9BED8AB7CCD6476E8BBE68A47875DC2F"><enum>(D)</enum><text>ensuring
democracy, the rule of law, and an independent judiciary, and adopting other
reforms such as ensuring transparent and accountable governance; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H3FC67E048EBD4387A6115DC809175A8B"><enum>(E)</enum><text>ensuring the
financial transparency and accountability of all government ministries and
operations.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H4806C14132504EA6B0E8E49BD9E959B0"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Recertifications</header><text>Not
later than 90 days after the date on which the President transmits to Congress
an initial certification under subsection (b), and every six months
thereafter—</text>
<paragraph id="H7156C81986E04C50B80C44B6F79F3CCB"><enum>(1)</enum><text>the President
shall transmit to Congress a recertification that the conditions described in
subsection (b) are continuing to be met; or</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HDD3EB1A0A0D147C19A03C7038CC447FC"><enum>(2)</enum><text>if the President
is unable to make such a recertification, the President shall transmit to
Congress a report that contains the reasons therefor.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HDA590FCFD05B4D8E8C198EFEF296A26E"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Congressional
notification</header><text>Assistance made available under this Act to the
Palestinian Authority may not be provided until 15 days after the date on which
the President has provided notice thereof to the appropriate congressional
committees in accordance with the procedures applicable to reprogramming
notifications under section 9401.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H5EF54AAEF8DD4D0EBE20B294BC5D368A"><enum>(e)</enum><header>National
security waiver</header>
<paragraph id="H62581CDDD0A84D80BE4B730CEB5038AF"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>Subject to paragraph (2), the President may waive
subsection (a) with respect to—</text>
<subparagraph id="HD92CB787170244C7B0A8B0F8719B6ECB"><enum>(A)</enum><text>the administrative
and personal security costs of the Office of the President of the Palestinian
Authority;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H6E61670E586A4ACC9BBE4471D595F1D6"><enum>(B)</enum><text>the activities of
the President of the Palestinian Authority to fulfill his or her duties as
President, including to maintain control of the management and security of
border crossings, to foster the Middle East peace process, and to promote
democracy and the rule of law; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H9505422CF6D84B59A55929F2FA855BFB"><enum>(C)</enum><text>assistance for the
judiciary branch of the Palestinian Authority and other entities.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H6D0AF21BE52B41419F09BFEECE42FA14"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Certification</header><text>The
President may only exercise the waiver authority under paragraph (1)
after—</text>
<subparagraph id="H9C75C385D9E34A7399EE640A31764988"><enum>(A)</enum><text>consulting with,
and submitting a written policy justification to, the appropriate congressional
committees; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H8AD0A9ECCA444DE4B1E4296B8127E787"><enum>(B)</enum><text>certifying to the
appropriate congressional committees that—</text>
<clause id="H6E1CB81EC1514CE4B19683AF8C3C5403"><enum>(i)</enum><text>it
is in the national security interest of the United States to provide assistance
otherwise prohibited under subsection (a); and</text>
</clause><clause id="H9D7166AF11D74058865448BEC158A4EB"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>the
individual or entity for which assistance is proposed to be provided is not a
member of, or effectively controlled by (as the case may be), Hamas or any
other foreign terrorist organization.</text>
</clause></subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="HFC7CFD58471C4788BB387A45D57A54F0"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Report</header><text>Not
later than 10 days after exercising the waiver authority under paragraph (1),
the President shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a report
describing how the funds provided pursuant to such waiver will be spent and
detailing the accounting procedures that are in place to ensure proper
oversight and accountability.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HCAB4A34521024DDEB397E5C0E9B5799C"><enum>(4)</enum><header>Treatment of
certification as notification of program change</header><text>For purposes of
this subsection, the certification required under paragraph (2)(B) shall be
deemed to be a notification under section 9401 and shall be considered in
accordance with the procedures applicable to notifications submitted pursuant
to that section.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection commented="no" id="H3CC4FCB4704C469C895DB9A934B867FF"><enum>(f)</enum><header>Definition</header><text>In
this section, the term <term>Palestinian Authority</term> means the interim
Palestinian administrative organization that governs part of the West Bank and
all of the Gaza Strip (or any successor Palestinian governing entity),
including the Palestinian Legislative Council.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="HA3DA4D2C9AE34AC58FDEA6ABAFF2BB1B"><enum>10413.</enum><header>Limitation on
assistance for the West Bank and Gaza</header>
<subsection id="HF63686B18F69484995DBC110C7207B46"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Limitation</header><text>Assistance
may be provided under this Act to nongovernmental organizations for the West
Bank and Gaza only during a period for which a certification described in
section 10412(b) is in effect with respect to the Palestinian Authority.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HB87196171CC2472AA8B020A0FC11D613"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Exceptions</header><text>Subsection
(a) shall not apply with respect to the following:</text>
<paragraph id="H214C02B580E949558454D503F0B6364E"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Assistance to
meet basic human needs</header><text>Assistance to meet food, water, medicine,
health, or sanitation needs, or other assistance to meet basic human
needs.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H3FB4095E80874AB09B51795A543ACFDE"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Assistance to
promote democracy</header><text>Assistance to promote democracy, human rights,
freedom of the press, non-violence, reconciliation, and peaceful coexistence,
provided that such assistance does not directly benefit Hamas or any other
foreign terrorist organization.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HCCFE7A8BE2354D0BB9E1269EBC8B221E"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Assistance for
individual members of the palestinian legislative
council</header><text>Assistance, other than funding of salaries or salary
supplements, to individual members of the Palestinian Legislative Council who
the President determines are not members of Hamas or any other foreign
terrorist organization, for the purposes of facilitating the attendance of such
members in programs for the development of institutions of democratic
governance, including enhancing the transparent and accountable operations of
such institutions, and providing support for the Middle East peace
process.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H2A3F3D4AFB464E81BE7F87824A7370F6"><enum>(4)</enum><header>Other types of
assistance</header><text>Any other type of assistance if the President—</text>
<subparagraph id="H6708DEF1CD554CCA855E253E73185625"><enum>(A)</enum><text>determines that
the provision of such assistance is in the national security interest of the
United States; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H12E03FBE0FBB428A8AD419B0F9091B65"><enum>(B)</enum><text>not less than 30
days prior to the obligation of amounts for the provision of such
assistance—</text>
<clause id="H779BF94CBA704773ADCD654F3964674C"><enum>(i)</enum><text>consults with the
appropriate congressional committees regarding the specific programs, projects,
and activities to be carried out using such assistance; and</text>
</clause><clause id="HBD1DE89E0AB747BABF503409BDC133A6"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>submits to the
appropriate congressional committees a written memorandum that contains the
determination of the President under subparagraph (A).</text>
</clause></subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H6383B683326A43C99DF2105049F40E1A"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Marking
requirement</header><text>Assistance provided under this Act to nongovernmental
organizations for the West Bank and Gaza shall be marked as assistance from the
American people or the United States Government unless the Secretary of State
or, as appropriate, the Administrator of the United States Agency for
International Development, determines that such marking will endanger the lives
or safety of persons delivering such assistance or would have an adverse effect
on the implementation of that assistance.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HEAFB81B7B0B14F7C8C7A07CFB47D0660"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Congressional
notification</header><text>Assistance made available under this Act to
nongovernmental organizations for the West Bank and Gaza may not be provided
until 15 days after the date on which the President has provided notice thereof
to the appropriate congressional committees in accordance with the procedures
applicable to reprogramming notifications under section 9401.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="HF36AD6077E1E4DF8A0FF859909E8E091"><enum>10414.</enum><header>Palestinian
statehood</header>
<subsection id="H94A6D142722A4DAA804323C71DEC1EC5"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Limitation</header><text>None
of the funds made available under this Act may be provided to support a
Palestinian state unless the Secretary determines and certifies to the
appropriate congressional committees that—</text>
<paragraph id="HBFAD118F68844DF8B0C1D52925332360"><enum>(1)</enum><text>the governing
entity of a new Palestinian state—</text>
<subparagraph id="H6C854C8D861443E4A9E7B1AA98702D7B"><enum>(A)</enum><text>has demonstrated a
firm commitment to peaceful co-existence with the State of Israel; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H7256ACB33351449FB7AB06A595FDA06B"><enum>(B)</enum><text>is taking
appropriate measures to counter terrorism and terrorist financing in the West
Bank and Gaza, including the dismantling of terrorist infrastructures, and is
cooperating with appropriate Israeli and other appropriate security
organizations; and</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="HAC1E1086932D410AB9E8137B1724E85A"><enum>(2)</enum><text>the Palestinian
Authority (or the governing entity of a new Palestinian state) is working with
other countries in the region to vigorously pursue efforts to establish a just,
lasting, and comprehensive peace in the Middle East that will enable Israel and
an independent Palestinian state to exist within the context of full and normal
relationships, which should include—</text>
<subparagraph id="H4B2EB3B6B4A34E2F883C8D4891E1CB1D"><enum>(A)</enum><text>termination of all
claims or states of belligerency;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H228303CBC0B64724AAC893B339C9B4A8"><enum>(B)</enum><text>respect for and
acknowledgment of the sovereignty, territorial integrity, and political
independence of every state in the area through measures including the
establishment of demilitarized zones;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HCDD7CA1F21DB435FB98AA432885FDDC6"><enum>(C)</enum><text>their right to
live in peace within secure and recognized boundaries free from threats or acts
of force;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H57754B7F321C47FEBA0AB0D46C9563A3"><enum>(D)</enum><text>freedom of
navigation through international waterways in the area; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H2A6FC85D54C34FE4827F614F67B682F0"><enum>(E)</enum><text>a framework for
achieving a just settlement of the refugee problem.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H2D5DF85EE4F844918C3BA0F036B737D5"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Sense of
congress</header><text>It is the sense of Congress that the governing entity
should enact a constitution assuring the rule of law, an independent judiciary,
and respect for human rights for its citizens, and should enact other laws and
regulations assuring transparent and accountable governance.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H06A162DDC5324D2F8D2DC07917953FE0"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Waiver</header><text>The
President may waive the limitation on assistance in subsection (a) if the
President determines and reports to Congress that it is important to the
national security interests of the United States to do so.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HC0C5D5592E444A32A095AA97E9077752"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Exemption</header><text>The
limitation in subsection (a) shall not apply to assistance intended to help
reform the Palestinian Authority and affiliated institutions, or the governing
entity, in order to help meet the requirements of subsection (a), consistent
with the provisions of section 10418.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="H5EDB1B0DC21C4959A43AF2151DF3DDDE"><enum>10415.</enum><header>Restrictions
concerning the Palestinian Authority</header>
<subsection id="H568702A9AD4743C98B5C2B9E6DCE47A0"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">None of the funds
made available under this Act may be provided to create in any part of
Jerusalem a new office of any department or agency of the United States
Government for the purpose of conducting official United States Government
business with the Palestinian Authority over Gaza and Jericho or any successor
Palestinian governing entity provided for in the Israel-PLO Declaration of
Principles.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H83D6FDE0ABDC4784BA756189C1157A5D"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Exception</header><text>The
restriction in subsection (a) shall not apply to the acquisition of additional
space for the existing Consulate General in Jerusalem.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H699D8FD40DE94511A6907A3740EA0EC2"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Meeting
location</header><text>Meetings between officers and employees of the United
States and officials of the Palestinian Authority, or any successor Palestinian
governing entity provided for in the Israel-PLO Declaration of Principles, for
the purpose of conducting official United States Government business with such
authority should continue to take place in locations other than
Jerusalem.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H7C85DE80A88E4A2E90AEE4A48144CA12"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Incidental
discussions</header><text>Consistent with past practices, officers and
employees of the United States Government may continue to meet in Jerusalem on
other subjects with Palestinians (including those who now occupy positions in
the Palestinian Authority), have social contacts, and have incidental
discussions.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="H6D03033D65D64E648752241D66C3DDE9"><enum>10416.</enum><header>Prohibition
on assistance to the Palestinian Broadcasting Corporation</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">None of the funds made available under this
Act may be made available to provide equipment, technical support, consulting
services, or any other form of assistance to the Palestinian Broadcasting
Corporation.</text>
</section><section id="H27F2F5291E0C4C7A843A4C5FCE5CB534"><enum>10417.</enum><header>Assistance
for the West Bank and Gaza</header>
<subsection id="HAF5FE1AE934E4F0592B761D24D7F2856"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Oversight</header><text>The
Secretary shall ensure that procedures have been established to assure the
Comptroller General of the United States has access to appropriate United
States financial information in order to review the uses of United States
assistance for the West Bank and Gaza.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HF0F41247A10A447AAD4686511A6D82B6"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Vetting</header>
<paragraph id="H0997A0AA81544E00AB9590AD214B135F"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>The Secretary shall take all appropriate steps to ensure
that assistance for the West Bank and Gaza is not provided to or through any
individual, private or government entity, or educational institution that the
Secretary knows or has reason to believe advocates, plans, sponsors, engages
in, or has engaged in, terrorist activity nor, with respect to private entities
or educational institutions, those that have as a principal officer of the
entity’s governing board or governing board of trustees any individual that has
been determined to be involved in, or advocating terrorist activity or
determined to be a member of a designated foreign terrorist
organization.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H1B9733F09D5F4591A524A19BB0CD6E6B"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Procedures</header><text>The
Secretary shall, as appropriate, establish procedures specifying the steps to
be taken in carrying out this subsection and shall terminate assistance to any
individual, entity, or educational institution which the Secretary has
determined to be involved in or advocating terrorist activity.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H0E2F8E0FCE9B4DB592CB1769068419A4"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Prohibition</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">None of the funds made available under this
Act for assistance to the West Bank and Gaza may be made available for the
purpose of recognizing or otherwise honoring individuals who commit, or have
committed acts of terrorism.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HE486C79F625C4820ABBA712761DB3905"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Benchmarks</header><text>Before
providing assistance to the West Bank and Gaza for a fiscal year, the Secretary
shall report to the appropriate congressional committees on the benchmarks that
have been established for security assistance for the West Bank and Gaza and
the extent of Palestinian compliance with such benchmarks.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HF4BD24F2BD544AF98E6DBEB6BABE09A1"><enum>(e)</enum><header>Audits</header>
<paragraph id="HDB4C07923F244A92A5FFF1F6F2269E32"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>The Administrator shall ensure that Federal or
non-Federal audits of all contractors and grantees, and significant
subcontractors and sub-grantees, under the West Bank and Gaza Program, are
conducted at least on an annual basis to ensure, among other things, compliance
with this section.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HD2B64D3347114E129E969B458FD6129B"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Audits,
inspections, and other activities</header><text>Of amounts made available in a
fiscal year for the Office of Inspector General of the United States Agency for
International Development, up to $500,000 may be used for audits, inspections,
and other activities in furtherance of the requirements of this subsection, in
addition to funds otherwise available for such purposes.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section id="H8B60C3467E3242AD9CFE73D36C1B721B"><enum>10418.</enum><header>Limitation on
assistance to the Palestinian Authority</header>
<subsection id="HD6018E85AC9B4E448EA255ECC6248075"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Limitation</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">None of the funds made available under
section 4103 may be provided to the Palestinian Authority.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H4E7D3A32A5794CC8BABBAF27D10362A7"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Waiver</header><text>The
prohibition in subsection (a) shall not apply if the President certifies in
writing to the Speaker of the House of Representatives, the President pro
tempore of the Senate, and the appropriate congressional committees that
waiving such prohibition is important to the national security interests of the
United States.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H7CDA5D840ED54C4996A07AEA97A61774"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Period of
waiver</header><text>Any waiver issued pursuant to subsection (b) shall be
effective for no more than a period of 6 months.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H4BAEB3C038A8411894CCB6EAEA229EA8"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Report</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Whenever the waiver authority pursuant to
subsection (b) is exercised, the President shall submit to the appropriate
congressional committees a report detailing—</text>
<paragraph id="H664DE0D329B54210B1551EF02CB35EDE"><enum>(1)</enum><text>the justification
for the waiver;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H279DF4A6446C44C7A90802D9449D1727"><enum>(2)</enum><text>the purposes for
which the funds will be spent;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H5706BAD1D2A3450EB4D88EA4AAFFBBF4"><enum>(3)</enum><text>the accounting
procedures in place to ensure that the funds are properly disbursed; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H9B8F0ADC2C7243EB8439D50287102BA3"><enum>(4)</enum><text>the steps the
Palestinian Authority has taken to arrest terrorists, confiscate weapons, and
dismantle the terrorist infrastructure.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HAD4EC1425024400AADAB296148BF74B5"><enum>(e)</enum><header>Certification</header><text>If
the waiver authority pursuant to subsection (b) is exercised, the Secretary
shall certify and report to the appropriate congressional committees, before
providing assistance to the Palestinian Authority, that—</text>
<paragraph id="H271281DF71D14D5B8292083983B293B2"><enum>(1)</enum><text>the Palestinian
Authority has established a single treasury account for all Palestinian
Authority financing;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H36C18FA4F4DC4B5993D48AB9ABBD0132"><enum>(2)</enum><text>all financing
mechanisms flow through such account;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H99C30084E68947AA8CC6F514BDA884E1"><enum>(3)</enum><text>no parallel
financing mechanisms exist outside of such account; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HA0383434B9D8486795E0676A821FBA91"><enum>(4)</enum><text>there is a single
comprehensive civil service roster and payroll.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H8BA2DBD228864091975A8106FAA6E137"><enum>(f)</enum><header>Prohibition on
assistance to hamas and the palestine liberation organization</header>
<paragraph id="H06134FE546154D1DB6FA8B144ACD278B"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">None of the funds
made available under this Act may be provided for—</text>
<subparagraph id="H2A7E3875AB47460A9063C764AEA677A3"><enum>(A)</enum><text>salaries of
personnel of the Palestinian Authority located in Gaza;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HD104B34ABD6C45E8B029F88E1E138DE5"><enum>(B)</enum><text>assistance to
Hamas or any entity effectively controlled by Hamas; or</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H2849CD6525E7405CA61C3A19B2041DD0"><enum>(C)</enum><text>any power-sharing
government of which Hamas is a member, or that results from an agreement with
Hamas and over which Hamas exercises undue influence.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="HDFF85742D949404EB2A26CF775E1EF95"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Exception</header><text>Notwithstanding
paragraph (1), assistance may be provided to a power-sharing government only if
the President certifies and reports to the appropriate congressional committees
that such government, including all of its ministers or such equivalent, has
publicly accepted and is complying with the principles contained in
subparagraphs (A) and (B) of section 10412(b)(1).</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HCB47709216C34F159405913D501131F4"><enum>(3)</enum><header>National
security waiver</header><text>The President may exercise the authority in
section 10412(e) with respect to this subsection.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HD00DD51237A546E2BB14A1AE940DB03C"><enum>(4)</enum><header>Report</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Whenever the certification pursuant to
paragraph (2) is exercised, the Secretary shall submit to the appropriate
congressional committees a report not later than 120 days after the date of the
certification and every quarter thereafter on—</text>
<subparagraph id="H210744E872E24EAE93913EF2FC9DA6B3"><enum>(A)</enum><text>whether such
government, including all of its ministers or such equivalent are continuing to
comply with the principles contained in subparagraph (A) and (B) of section
10412(b)(1);</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H104BAF2ADEEB4CBF8051A691A8FA4B50"><enum>(B)</enum><text>the amount,
purposes and delivery mechanisms for any assistance provided pursuant to the
certification; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H08C7BA3524164486B008850377ED2590"><enum>(C)</enum><text>a full accounting
of any direct support of such government.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="HBC32B5E849854BF7B0AB4B8E7EC4C95D"><enum>(5)</enum><header>Limitation on
assistance to the PLO</header><text>None of the funds made available under this
Act may be used to provide assistance for the Palestine Liberation
Organization.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section id="H725031BD0EAF4C60B881C3ED26E85D05"><enum>10419.</enum><header>Limitation
relating to Palestinian status in the United Nations</header>
<subsection id="HCACB0990589B4B9DA95D6564FF394945"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Limitation</header><text>None
of the funds made available under section 4103 may be used to provide
assistance for the Palestinian Authority if the Palestinians obtain, after the
date of the enactment of this Act, the same standing as member states, enhanced
observer status, or full membership as a state in the United Nations or any
specialized agency thereof outside an agreement negotiated between Israel and
the Palestinians.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HA10631B164F047FC9801BA72BBAA2C2C"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Waiver by
Secretary</header><text>The Secretary may waive the limitation in subsection
(a) if the Secretary certifies to the appropriate congressional committees that
to do so is in the national security interest of the United States and submits
to the appropriate congressional committees a report detailing how the waiver
and the continuation of assistance would assist in furthering Middle East
peace.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HE2F54A5AE79E4264BF633BE05DD3AB10"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Waivers by
President</header>
<paragraph id="HD9715CE42FF54F3580B69F411D26A0F4"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>The President may waive the provisions of section 1003 of
the Anti-Terrorism Act of 1987 (22 U.S.C. 5202) if the President determines and
certifies in writing to the Speaker of the House of Representatives, the
President pro tempore of the Senate, and the appropriate congressional
committees that the Palestinians have not, after the date of the enactment of
this Act, obtained in the United Nations or any specialized agency thereof the
same standing as member states, enhanced observer status, or full membership as
a state in the United Nations or any specialized agency thereof outside an
agreement negotiated between Israel and the Palestinians.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H4DF101FBC46246BE89E1A4E81D587500"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Additional
waiver</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Not less than 90 days
after the President is unable to make the certification pursuant to paragraph
(1), the President may waive section 1003 of the Anti-Terrorism Act of 1987 if
the President determines and certifies in writing to the Speaker of the House
of Representatives, the President pro tempore of the Senate, and the
appropriate congressional committees that the Palestinians have entered into
direct and meaningful negotiations with Israel relating to Palestinian
statehood.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H4CB6ACCCCFEF408CA94BD525D3A093EB"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Expiration of
other waivers</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Any waiver of
the provisions of section 1003 of the Anti-Terrorism Act of 1987 under
paragraph (1) or under previous provisions of law must expire before a waiver
under paragraph (2) may be exercised.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H0B10263A25AC4B34A5B56B21A714EF39"><enum>(4)</enum><header>Effective
date</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Any waiver of the
provisions of section 1003 of the Anti-Terrorism Act of 1987 pursuant to
paragraph (1) or (2) shall be effective for not more than a period of 6
months.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section></subchapter></chapter><chapter id="HC7FCE194959D43A7A417C654BBCD4CF6"><enum>5</enum><header>Trade and
commerce</header>
<section id="HA0491DB393CC4D66BDCEDD4D5AD06D84"><enum>10501.</enum><header>Prohibition
on assistance for exporting United States jobs</header>
<subsection id="H37828A8DA87B40F29CEB1926646742CB"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Incentives and
inducements</header><text>No foreign assistance may be made available to
provide any financial incentive to a business enterprise located in the United
States for the purpose of inducing such enterprise to relocate outside the
United States, if such incentive or inducement is likely to reduce the number
of employees of such business enterprise in the United States because United
States production is being replaced by such enterprise outside the United
States.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H078BA4049D154D168318902EE737033B"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Workers’
rights</header><text>No foreign assistance may be made available for any
program, project, or activity that contributes to the violation of
internationally recognized worker rights (as such term is defined in section
507(4) of the Trade Act of 1974 (19 U.S.C. 2467(4))) of workers in a partner
country, including any designated zone or area in the country.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HB39C9C9F93B0485C8BAFAC8B335A485A"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Micro and
small-Scale enterprise</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The
application of subparagraph (D) or (E) of section 507(4) of the Trade Act of
1974 (19 U.S.C. 2467(4)) with respect to a partner country should be
commensurate with the level of development of the country and the relevant
economic sector of the country, and shall not preclude assistance for the
informal sector of the country, micro and small-scale enterprise in the
country, and smallholder agriculture in the country.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="H0EBFC10816314652AEA19A51A435524F"><enum>10502.</enum><header>Prohibition
on assistance to governments that expropriate United States property</header>
<subsection id="HC99023FF59824069A5B5F5818C0F98EE"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>No foreign assistance may be provided to a foreign
government which the Secretary determines has—</text>
<paragraph id="HAC63ECF09B1E4F39802E387FC3ED175D"><enum>(1)</enum><text>on or after
January 1, 1962—</text>
<subparagraph id="H30582EFE875D4B91888101E4DD3C64BF"><enum>(A)</enum><text>nationalized or
expropriated or seized ownership or control of property owned by any United
States citizen or by any corporation, partnership, or association not less than
50 percent beneficially owned by United States citizens;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H3B25210DF7B945808F38CB6A8CF555A4"><enum>(B)</enum><text>taken steps to
repudiate or nullify existing contracts or agreements with any United States
citizen or any corporation, partnership, or association not less than 50
percent beneficially owned by United States citizens; or</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H83A1E6FF71C54355AC6D0C0B845DB7A1"><enum>(C)</enum><text>imposed or
enforced discriminatory taxes or other exactions, or restrictive maintenance or
operational conditions, or has taken other actions, which have the effect of
nationalizing, expropriating, or otherwise seizing ownership or control of
property so owned; and</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H2F5D05F080534C708CEA30F418B22EE5"><enum>(2)</enum><text>failed within a
reasonable time to take appropriate steps, which may include arbitration,
to—</text>
<subparagraph id="H588F7A40EF7248219DD48111AE849C7B"><enum>(A)</enum><text>discharge its
obligations under international law toward such citizen or entity, including
speedy compensation for such property in convertible foreign exchange,
equivalent to the full value thereof, as required by international law;
or</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H66829CBCB155489D9E03DF7F109947D0"><enum>(B)</enum><text>provide relief
from such taxes, exactions, or conditions, as the case may be.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H332390EDCF2046A1B394A4F7B18F1B16"><enum>(b)</enum><header><quote>Reasonable
time</quote> defined</header><text>For the purposes of subsection (a)(2), the
term <term>reasonable time</term> means—</text>
<paragraph id="H16F567C8AB3541B59B5B5FCE21C127F9"><enum>(1)</enum><text>not more than six
months after an action described in subsection (a)(1); or</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H965D75F04E5547BAA62F54EF39DDC548"><enum>(2)</enum><text>in the event of a
referral to the Foreign Claims Settlement Commission of the United States, not
more than twenty days after the report of the Commission is received.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HAE998DD2B9A741C6BD79B21938065F04"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Expiration of
determinations</header><text>A determination of the Secretary under subsection
(a) shall remain in effect until rescinded.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HF1EAD499D0854AB78DE4D005D9F568C2"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Rescission of
determinations</header><text>A determination of the Secretary under subsection
(a) with respect to a foreign government shall not be rescinded unless the
President submits to the appropriate congressional committees a report
certifying that the government has taken appropriate steps to—</text>
<paragraph id="HE9A6F79E65264DE9B0375A065AD80CD7"><enum>(1)</enum><text>discharge its
obligations under international law toward such citizen or entity; or</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H45C233DE149C43B882434CD4397B1B3C"><enum>(2)</enum><text>provide relief
from the taxes, exactions, or conditions, as the case may be.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HD51D500D3F08468185A72474F0D03C69"><enum>(e)</enum><header>Publication</header><text>A
determination made under subsection (a) or a report submitted under subsection
(d) shall be published in the Federal Register and made available on the
Internet website of the Department of State.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H3A3939F24DFC49A78D0D394B62F01FD5"><enum>(f)</enum><header>List</header><text>The
Secretary shall include in the annual report required by section 9302 (relating
to congressional budget justification) a list of foreign governments for which
determinations under subsection (a) are currently in effect.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H5DEFE4001A584EDEAFB628F092462BFB"><enum>(g)</enum><header>Waiver</header><text>Assistance
prohibited by subsection (a) may be provided to a foreign government described
in that subsection if, at least 15 days before providing assistance, the
President submits to the appropriate congressional committees—</text>
<paragraph id="H94C2475A245D44578FE3AA246D487E93"><enum>(1)</enum><text>a
certification that such a waiver is important to the national interests of the
United States; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HCCDD3D4EA6E04B59A36AE0E0AF4D5EB3"><enum>(2)</enum><text>a
report describing—</text>
<subparagraph id="H1C41BFAF06FA4AFAA385976669D89EDF"><enum>(A)</enum><text>the type and
amount of assistance to be provided pursuant to the waiver;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H815D5DC9AE7F4A7CBD5F8276BBB781E3"><enum>(B)</enum><text>the justification
for such waiver; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H1E7B7FE7CE864D8B9B3B8600F3AEF5CE"><enum>(C)</enum><text>the time period
for which such waiver will be effective.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H0397F2EF21D94A5498122393908AABA6"><enum>(h)</enum><header>Foreign claims
settlement commission</header>
<paragraph id="H67D066F6BF034900B5E67D23A11CF581"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>Upon request of the President (within 70 days after an
action referred to in subsection (a)(1)), the Foreign Claims Settlement
Commission of the United States (established pursuant to Reorganization Plan
No. 1 of 1954, 68 Stat. 1279) is hereby authorized to evaluate expropriated
property, determining the full value of any property nationalized,
expropriated, or seized, or subject to discriminatory or other actions as
aforesaid, for purposes of this section and to render an advisory report to the
President within 90 days after such request.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H90BF0009CF164220BF7E34D2712A828F"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Form of
report</header><text>Unless authorized by the President, the Commission shall
not publish its advisory report except to the citizen or entity owning such
property.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H08241685F76B4C9CAE0D09AC288141D3"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Authorization of
appropriations</header><text>There is authorized to be appropriated such
amounts, to remain available until expended, as may be necessary from time to
time to enable the Commission to carry out expeditiously its functions under
this subsection.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HDD14FDD6DE2349E19F210D0B201E3ABA"><enum>(i)</enum><header>Federal act of
state doctrine</header>
<paragraph id="HBC301F2E54BB4F7B94B2474936A6C38B"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>Notwithstanding any other provision of law, no court in
the United States shall decline on the ground of the Federal act of state
doctrine to make a determination on the merits giving effect to the principles
of international law in a case in which claim of title or other right to
property is asserted by any party, including a foreign state (or a party
claiming through such state), based upon (or traced through) a confiscation or
other taking after January 1, 1959, by an act of that state in violation of the
principles of international law, including the principles of compensation and
the other standards set out in this section.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H864541603D3C40D38452348C7DCED92A"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Exceptions</header><text>This
subsection shall not be applicable—</text>
<subparagraph id="HCE0C7978078F422D8353EE4C9CFE34F7"><enum>(A)</enum><text>in any case in
which an act of a foreign state is not contrary to international law or with
respect to a claim of title or other right to property acquired pursuant to an
irrevocable letter of credit of not more than 180 days duration issued in good
faith prior to the time of the confiscation or other taking; or</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HB64D90880816433B98B5D80E02B8276B"><enum>(B)</enum><text>in any case with
respect to which the President determines that application of the act of state
doctrine is required in that particular case by the foreign policy interests of
the United States and a suggestion to this effect is filed on the President’s
behalf in that case with the court.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></subsection></section><section id="HEA072C3FAF4D4025B85BF193D3B34AF9"><enum>10503.</enum><header>Prohibition
on assistance for compensation relating to expropriated or nationalized
property</header>
<subsection id="H3A40A1D5700740C2BAEEBE9FDDE1E7B1"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Prohibition</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">No foreign assistance may be provided to
compensate owners for expropriated or nationalized property and, upon finding
by the President that such assistance has been used by a government for such
purpose, no further assistance under this Act may be provided to the government
until appropriate reimbursement is made to the United States.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HF3074D1ADE5A419F95E03B88D7B015A5"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Exception</header><text>The
prohibition in subsection (a) shall not apply to monetary assistance made
available for use by a foreign government to compensate nationals of that
country in accordance with a land reform program if the President determines
that monetary assistance for such land reform program will further the national
interests of the United States.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="HAE3F9C36E9B747CEB19F7327D8D21FBD"><enum>10504.</enum><header>Prohibition
on assistance to governments that refuse extradition requests</header>
<subsection id="HE9D094CECF61463093840D03CF6EC662"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>No assistance under this Act (other than assistance under
title V) may be provided to the central government of a country which has
notified the Department of State of its refusal to extradite to the United
States any individual indicted for a criminal offense for which the maximum
penalty is life imprisonment without the possibility of parole or for killing a
law enforcement officer, as specified in a United States extradition
request.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H33244CC8D2264DB3BA35D4A0F60D016C"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Applicability</header><text>The
prohibition in subsection (a) shall only apply to the central government of a
country—</text>
<paragraph id="H281FC29C5EDC4030BB5CF085C30884E8"><enum>(1)</enum><text>with which the
United States maintains diplomatic relations; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HBBDED7609549445F87A5420E4AB38E79"><enum>(2)</enum><text>which is violating
the terms and conditions of its extradition treaty with the United
States.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H95652B04F5214E7C9FC79563977D1C77"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Waiver</header><text>The
Secretary may waive the prohibition in subsection (a) on a case-by-case basis
if the Secretary certifies and reports to the appropriate congressional
committees pursuant to section 9401 that such waiver is important to the
national interests of the United States.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="HCE520520E2E346F0A03C9CE6241A55FD"><enum>10505.</enum><header>Prohibition
on taxation of foreign assistance</header>
<subsection id="HB1F334F2374F477496F93D8C7CFF33AF"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>No foreign assistance may be provided to a foreign
government under a bilateral agreement entered into after the date of the
enactment of this Act governing the terms and conditions under which such
assistance is to be provided unless such agreement includes a provision stating
that United States foreign assistance shall be exempt from taxation or
reimbursed by the foreign government.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HAE26F3FE018C47A292EE1FB199C36103"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Reimbursement of
foreign taxes</header><text>In each fiscal year, the Secretary shall reduce the
amount of foreign assistance made available under this Act to a government by
an amount equivalent to the total taxes assessed on United States foreign
assistance, either directly or through grantees, contractors and
subcontractors, by such government in the previous fiscal year, until such
taxes have been reimbursed to the United States.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H07E33C74241C4D36B570D5A91BBF23AB"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Transparency</header><text>The
Secretary shall include in each report on allocations of assistance under
section 9303 the amount of unreimbursed taxes assessed by each government to
which the United States Government intends to provide funds.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H64C2A426A5BA461F84B6D46311FEC2BE"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Definition</header><text>In
this section, the terms <term>taxes</term> and <term>taxation</term> refer to
value-added taxes and customs duties imposed on commodities financed with
United States foreign assistance, and do not include foreign taxes of a de
minimis nature.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="H0F3C5B29F0BA49F18202AA952500F964"><enum>10506.</enum><header>Reimbursement
of parking fines and real property taxes owed by governments</header>
<subsection id="HBD31F84105B540BB90F6E98E9F6EC59D"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>In each fiscal year, the Secretary shall reduce the
amounts made available to a foreign government under this Act by an amount
equivalent to 110 percent of the total amount of the unpaid parking fines and
unpaid property taxes owed by such government, until such parking fines and
property taxes are fully paid.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HA5A11A81FC4C46DE87D3953106579DDB"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Additional
amounts</header><text>Amounts reduced under subsection (a) shall be in addition
to amounts withheld under any other provision of law.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H70E6FC8BAB5E4ED08AD6C5A3CE390D80"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Waiver</header><text>The
Secretary may waive the requirements of subsection (a) with respect to a
government if the Secretary determines that it is in the national interests of
the United States to do so.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H15D945C3E2DF4945BB0D8BAB5EAB958E"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Reports</header><text>The
Secretary shall—</text>
<paragraph id="H3A4CDD548B8C44C79F2DB881C35CA20A"><enum>(1)</enum><text>include in the
annual report required by section 9302 a list of governments for which waivers
under subsection (c) have been issued; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H74D29ED0BF93483B9EE0FD3E90E553C1"><enum>(2)</enum><text>include in each
report on allocations of assistance under section 9303 the amount of unpaid
parking fines and unpaid property taxes owed by each foreign government to
which the United States Government intends to provide assistance.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HFCF9823B907A4198966560C2702AB76E"><enum>(e)</enum><header>Definitions</header><text>In
this section—</text>
<paragraph id="H0528CEE7E76943A485550929B2A752D5"><enum>(1)</enum><text>the term
<term>unpaid parking fines</term> means fully adjudicated parking fines,
including penalties—</text>
<subparagraph id="HAB9CF86AAAA54F698D3B08CF8C9066E2"><enum>(A)</enum><text>which are incurred
after April 1, 1997;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H9363CA99F4A64AEEA4D86396A106986D"><enum>(B)</enum><text>which are owed to
the District of Columbia or New York, New York;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HF4A6997FBCC44A7F9800DDA13B092204"><enum>(C)</enum><text>for which the
person to whom the vehicle is registered—</text>
<clause id="H40E8B8191C9E4FEBACB8407DF3637E57"><enum>(i)</enum><text>has
not responded to the parking violation summons; or</text>
</clause><clause id="HAE293F830E2741619B453821AE922DC4"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>has
not followed the appropriate adjudication procedure to challenge the summons;
and</text>
</clause></subparagraph><subparagraph id="HBE5818B5657D45539A086C458930FDD9"><enum>(D)</enum><text>for which the
period of time for payment of or challenge to the summons has lapsed;
and</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="HD571A2780DB5458793B4CFC1D44972F9"><enum>(2)</enum><text>the term
<term>unpaid property taxes</term> means the amount of unpaid taxes and
interest determined to be owed by a foreign country on real property in the
District of Columbia or New York, New York, in a court order or judgment
entered against such country by a court of the United States or any State or
subdivision thereof.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section id="HBDEAF5A36D124A8D929526C4DC673A18"><enum>10507.</enum><header>Limitation on
assistance to countries in default</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">No assistance made available under this Act
may be made available for new loans to the government of any country which is
in default, during a period in excess of six calendar months, in payment to the
United States of principal or interest on any loan made to such country under
this Act, unless—</text>
<paragraph id="H6B5D6DA38B9841AAA03F5B9B876E2973"><enum>(1)</enum><text>such country meets
its obligations under the existing loan; or</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H589D871596A8451A8EB0F75EF7D78283"><enum>(2)</enum><text>the Secretary
determines that new loans to such government are in the national interest and
notifies the appropriate congressional committees of such determination.</text>
</paragraph></section><section id="H661B9C06EF344E82AF508AB35AE169C9"><enum>10508.</enum><header>Prohibition
on promotion of tobacco</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">No
foreign assistance may be made available to promote the sale or export of
tobacco or tobacco products, or to seek the reduction or removal by any foreign
country of restrictions on the marketing of tobacco or tobacco products, except
to ensure that restrictions are applied equally to all tobacco or tobacco
products of the same type.</text>
</section><section id="HDA4BD20676D24A93BA549E65E4EF159C"><enum>10509.</enum><header>Prohibition
on assistance for official gifts</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">No assistance made available under this Act
may be used to pay for a gift to an official of a foreign government.</text>
</section></chapter></subtitle><subtitle id="HDEB11F638A734B1BBE51D07BB4693CCA"><enum>B</enum><header>Policy
Authorities</header>
<section id="H77A7E04F6E464289B19521C6328E017F"><enum>10601.</enum><header>Contingencies</header>
<subsection id="HA1B321FB22EF405BA99C06B6CCD6F9F1"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>Notwithstanding any other provision of law, the President
is authorized to use funds made available to carry out any provision of this
Act in order to provide, for any unanticipated contingencies, assistance
authorized by title I, II or III in accordance with the provisions applicable
to the furnishing of such assistance.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H45ECC6F7617D41A6996D9B3A887FD7EE"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Limitation</header><text>The
authority of subsection (a) may not be used to authorize the use of more than
$50,000,000 during any fiscal year.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H6DF278ACE26D435499A591B4760DBCE0"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Report
required</header><text>The President shall report in advance to the extent
practicable to the appropriate congressional committees each time the President
intends to exercise the authority of subsection (a).</text>
</subsection></section><section id="H0EF9595C4257429FA1B118E36525CB8D"><enum>10602.</enum><header>Transfer
between accounts</header>
<subsection commented="no" id="H2DA9E426CDE14DAEBBC2C7081DBAFA2E"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>Whenever the President determines it to be necessary for
the purposes of this Act, not to exceed 10 percent of the funds made available
for any provision of this Act may be transferred to, and consolidated with, the
funds made available for any other provision of this Act, and may be used for
any of the purposes for which such funds may be used, except that the total in
the provision for the benefit of which the transfer is made shall not be
increased by more than 20 percent of the amount of funds made available for
such provision.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H4116D68737E3430DBB6EC97D36ACF2E8"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Exception</header><text>The
authority of subsection (a) shall not be used to transfer funds made available
for the purposes of titles I, II, or III and consolidate them with funds made
available for the purposes of titles IV or V of this Act.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H70165EC0E42643E9B02EC31460632330"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Report
required</header><text>The President shall report in advance to the extent
practicable to the appropriate congressional committees each time the President
intends to exercise the authority of subsection (a).</text>
</subsection></section><section id="H335566E620DD4140BEE0DBBB82B981B1"><enum>10603.</enum><header>Special
waiver authority</header>
<subsection id="H3B0E639254344D6AB3212DD4B1C0A881"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Authority</header><text>The
President may authorize the taking of any action (or the refraining from the
taking of any action) under this Act or any other Act relating to foreign
assistance, notwithstanding any provision of law, if the President
determines—</text>
<paragraph id="H7DCE01D691F845EC94A29E6C83A04CE9"><enum>(1)</enum><text>in cases relating
to the transfer of defense articles or defense services, that to do so is
essential to the national interests of the United States; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H15B6A359D6FA4B60B759177522CB7DC2"><enum>(2)</enum><text>in any other
cases, that to do so is important to the national interests of the United
States.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HCC18F9B3B9AC4DD8B4CF8FFFF3C1069B"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Consultation
with congress</header><text>Before exercising the authority of subsection (a),
the President shall consult with, and shall provide a written policy
justification to, the appropriate congressional committees.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H04A56E573F714DA58A26C31D0E5AADC2"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Notification to
congress</header><text>A determination under subsection (a) shall not be
effective until the President submits written notification of that
determination to the appropriate congressional committees.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H25725454006D465C9617CDDF47595ED8"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Annual
ceilings</header>
<paragraph id="H9E6CCD5832524F6ABACEE40BA772874D"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>The authority of this section may not be used in any
fiscal year to authorize—</text>
<subparagraph id="HD5513472A55B4766956B72F9A753F5CF"><enum>(A)</enum><text>more than
$1,000,000,000 in sales or leases to be made under subtitle C of title
IV;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HE5C34038330C417AA081439E760FD3CD"><enum>(B)</enum><text>the use of more
than $500,000,000 of funds made available for use under any other provision of
this Act; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H1029BA91494546008700DD5E57703E85"><enum>(C)</enum><text>the use of more
than $100,000,000 of foreign currencies accruing under this Act or any other
law.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="HFB95AB7F130F493195B9599B7FC119D4"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Arms
sales</header><text>If the authority of this section is used both to authorize
a sale or lease under subtitle C of title IV and to authorize funds to be used
under this Act with respect to the financing of that sale or lease, then the
use of the funds shall be counted against the limitation in paragraph (1)(B)
and the portion, if any, of the sale or lease which is not so financed shall be
counted against the limitation in paragraph (1)(A).</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H4E25DC4073AD4976933EE02D1B3796F4"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Leases</header><text>For
purposes of paragraph (1)(A), the replacement cost, less any depreciation in
the value, of the defense articles authorized to be leased shall be counted
against the limitation in that paragraph.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H769E5E9876CB42F599B6FB4C0F55183B"><enum>(4)</enum><header>Country
limits</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The following
limitations shall apply with respect to any one country in any fiscal
year:</text>
<subparagraph id="H3EDBB53245F44B60A13219C285E2731A"><enum>(A)</enum><text>Not more than
$100,000,000 of the $500,000,000 limitation provided in paragraph (1)(B) may be
allocated to the country unless the country is a victim of active
aggression.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H01EBA93A2CAE4F099AC0C133FF874539"><enum>(B)</enum><text>Not more than
$750,000,000 of the aggregate limitation of $1,500,000,000 provided in
paragraphs (1)(A) and (1)(B) may be allocated to the country.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></subsection></section></subtitle><enum>XI</enum><header>Organization,
Management, and Human Resources</header>
<section id="H75A0D37B64694C54976C54F624AF5949"><enum>11001.</enum><header>Definitions</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">In this title:</text>
<paragraph id="HF7D85021EFA6475F88A062C49F5FD9BE"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Commodity</header><text>The
term <term>commodity</term> includes any material, article, supply, goods, or
equipment used for the purposes of providing non-military assistance.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H0077840143BC445FAB06C3F7EF1759EF"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Commodity
restrictions</header><text>The term <term>commodity restrictions</term> means
statutory and regulatory requirements that apply to the procurement or
transportation of commodities financed under this Act, including—</text>
<subparagraph id="H9AC48D0F15F5402C85798569B7FBFFD8"><enum>(A)</enum><text>sections 11501 and
11503;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HB9A99966B0004864A9F7AAF804D22E25"><enum>(B)</enum><text>section 901(b)(1)
of the Merchant Marine Act of 1936;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H0311C2B729134EEE8DF64BC65D5DB775"><enum>(C)</enum><text>section 5 of the
International Air Transportation Fair Competitive Practice Act of 1974;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HC811E08B2150490B887D861010ECB94F"><enum>(D)</enum><text>section 644 of the
Small Business Act;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H7FA969004F114B649D609D5186DBFD38"><enum>(E)</enum><text>section 2711 of
the Competition in Contracting Act of 1984; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H561853DBAF184501BAEA2A2C9CE7E9D4"><enum>(F)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">the Federal Property and Administrative
Services Act of 1949.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H3F6725FDE037434DA5FD7D9ED9DB05FC"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Country of
assignment</header><text>The term <term>country of assignment</term> means the
foreign country in which an individual serves an accredited representative of
the United States Government.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HC1704ABC71734EAD97BCC522A2C4A01D"><enum>(4)</enum><header>Defense article
and related terms</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The terms
<term>defense article</term>, <term>defense service</term>, <term>defense
information</term>, <term>excess defense article</term>, <term>major defense
equipment</term>, and <term>significant military equipment</term> have the
meanings given such terms in section 4411.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="H0FD9110081B344EAAE3F52738268F529"><enum>(5)</enum><header>Federal
employee</header><text>The term <term>Federal employee</term> or
<term>employee</term> has the meaning given the term <term>employee</term> in
section 2105(a) of title 5, United States Code.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="HF0842C39091149BEB741028E9D7EB6A0"><enum>(6)</enum><header>Federal
officer</header><text>The term <term>Federal officer</term> or
<term>officer</term> has the meaning given the term <term>officer</term> in
section 2104 of title 5, United States Code.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="H6004D93D21EC4FF7817E765893855287"><enum>(7)</enum><header>Federal
personnel</header><text>The term <term>Federal personnel</term> or
<term>personnel</term> includes Federal employees, Federal officers, personal
services contractors, locally employed staff, foreign national employees of the
Foreign Service (as defined in section 103(6) of the Foreign Service Act of
1980), and any other individual employed by a Federal department or agency, as
defined under regulations prescribed by the President.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="H261E8381F14E45C4B148EF8A8BE8DCA5"><enum>(8)</enum><header>Foreign service
officer</header><text>The term <term>Foreign Service Officer</term> means a
member of the Foreign Service as defined in section 103 of the Foreign Service
Act of 1980.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H26C55EB46C624563A96E423AD9E928A0"><enum>(9)</enum><header>Function</header><text>The
term <term>function</term> includes any duty, obligation, power, authority,
responsibility, right, privilege, discretion, or activity.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HF786A06DA8614B8FB3308FD3D6DE5D70"><enum>(10)</enum><header>Gender
analysis, equality, and integration</header><text>The terms <term>gender
analysis</term>, <term>gender equality</term>, and <term>gender
integration</term> have the meanings given such terms in section 1708.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H0690C43FD39A45D2BF362F5180E6C9C2"><enum>(11)</enum><header>Local
entity</header>
<subparagraph id="H1A89183B4AE145BDB3935E9EBC385A4C"><enum>(A)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>The term <term>local entity</term> means an individual,
corporation, nonprofit organization, or another body of persons that—</text>
<clause id="HC2375B16BCB049D9AB13ABF90AE2F44A"><enum>(i)</enum><text>is
located in a partner country;</text>
</clause><clause id="H6AE84370B3EB42D8B31FF85C8F45D34D"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>is
organized under the laws of the partner country;</text>
</clause><clause id="HC1BEDB5778A848FB9215E58A25488CE4"><enum>(iii)</enum><text>has as its
principal place of business or operations the partner country; and</text>
</clause><clause id="HBA83226A2BAA459FB9FE90E8E9CA9D48"><enum>(iv)</enum><text>is
owned or controlled by citizens of the partner country.</text>
</clause></subparagraph><subparagraph id="HCAA473D6C24740F99154AB977F2377A6"><enum>(B)</enum><header>Owned or
controlled</header><text>In subparagraph (iv), the term <term>owned or
controlled</term> means—</text>
<clause id="H015B18BC50DA4FFD97339D46CF5C8CC1"><enum>(i)</enum><text>in
the case of a corporation, the holding of at least 50 percent (by vote or
value) of the capital structure of the corporation; or</text>
</clause><clause id="H089798B6A87B4AB69C4FCA8D863492AA"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>in
the case of any other kind of legal entity, the holding of interests
representing at least 50 percent of the capital structure of the entity.</text>
</clause></subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H2050DBDE49DE47E2ADE8CA63F68BC7AF"><enum>(12)</enum><header>Service</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The term <term>service</term> includes any
service, repair, training, technical assistance, advice, or information used
for purposes of this Act.</text>
</paragraph></section><subtitle id="HCF5EFB09C30B45D183038C087A2D5904"><enum>A</enum><header>Organization</header>
<chapter id="H1DF1E73C267A4C75808FF33DCEEDC89F"><enum>1</enum><header>Exercise and
coordination of functions</header>
<section id="H975FD718A193417FB36C5667261F5387"><enum>11101.</enum><header>Delegations;
regulations</header>
<subsection id="HEFE332F31EB1452684DB7E2219FEA121"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Delegations by
the president</header><text>The President may exercise any functions conferred
upon the President by this Act through such Federal agency or Federal officer
as the President shall direct.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HB2991712F5DA446DBFC33EC3784732D7"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Issue
regulations and delegations by agency heads</header><text>The head of any such
agency or any such officer exercising functions under this Act—</text>
<paragraph id="H918291B3F0234C6288096AEF3DA06111"><enum>(1)</enum><text>may from time to
time promulgate such rules and regulations as may be necessary to carry out
such functions; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H8ECF4363EFF14781A6D1DA2D78CAEC12"><enum>(2)</enum><text>may delegate
authority, including the delegation to any other agency, upon obtaining the
concurrence of the head of that agency, to perform any such functions,
including, if the delegating official shall so specify, the authority
successively to redelegate any such functions.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section id="HF637E736CB8943628ECCA5C29EC92456"><enum>11102.</enum><header>Role of the
Secretary of State</header>
<subsection id="H08630EB4F70B47D2BE9DC80E814702BB"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>Under the direction of the President, the Secretary shall
be responsible for the continuous supervision, overall coordination, and
general direction of United States foreign assistance, and for ensuring that
the foreign policy of the United States is best served thereby.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HDB43AFCA3E01423DB4A9756218CE33C9"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Military
assistance</header><text>The responsibility conferred upon the Secretary in
subsection (a) includes—</text>
<paragraph id="HB320D2C4004C46469893087D73D420D9"><enum>(1)</enum><text>all forms of
military assistance; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H9172B4E1E86641B39883768E27C9CC4D"><enum>(2)</enum><text>determinations of
whether to offer or deliver any form of military assistance and the scope,
types, amounts, and conditions of such assistance.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section id="H0773CE866B704E0EAB412D099ADC4A15"><enum>11103.</enum><header>Role of the
Chief of Mission</header>
<subsection id="H9D6A0F1578EE489988888109AC8480DC"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>The Chief of Mission shall be responsible for the
continuous supervision, overall coordination, and general direction of all
activities, resources, and programs of the United States Government as they are
carried out in the country of assignment.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HB068DAA825374E89B96B23F56B0EA7D4"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Exceptions</header><text>The
responsibility conferred upon the Chief of Mission in subsection (a) shall not
include authority over—</text>
<paragraph id="H48ED1C1177614625AFD189758E13E34C"><enum>(1)</enum><text>Federal personnel
under the command of a United States area military commander; or</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HBF50EC7F3EBC4912AD203F4CF7609A73"><enum>(2)</enum><text>Federal personnel
specifically exempted by law or designated by the President.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section id="HDEA1F8BBEFDE493790B13C9C4C062B26"><enum>11104.</enum><header>Role of the
Secretary of Defense</header>
<subsection id="H86DE7EBC9FCB4D20900F98535E07AAE1"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Primary
responsibilities</header><text>With respect to security assistance, the
Secretary of Defense shall have primary responsibility for—</text>
<paragraph id="H7CE4B7B425814A53ABACFD2C615FCC83"><enum>(1)</enum><text>the determination
of military end-item requirements;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HF4DF3E5FAE0F4F23ADAC94BBB2E0D48E"><enum>(2)</enum><text>the procurement of
military equipment in a manner that permits its integration with service
programs;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H0934733BAC1E45FAA2FEEBF895E62A5C"><enum>(3)</enum><text>the monitoring of
military end-item use by the partner countries;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H35F2D9163F314D99AEF6FB64BAA3AACE"><enum>(4)</enum><text>the supervision of
the training of foreign military and related civilian personnel;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H2A225B2E955D4ED895C94F5B6FA9EE0E"><enum>(5)</enum><text>the movement and
delivery of military end-items;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HE54554778197434ABDA53AD723DE9897"><enum>(6)</enum><text>the designation of
defense articles as excess to United States requirements; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H96475BCF759F43AE96106005CC724247"><enum>(7)</enum><text>the performance of
any other related functions within the Department of Defense.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HBAC32B85485B4AADB54C9477B9975C76"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Regarding
military equipment</header><text>The establishment of priorities in the
procurement, delivery, and allocation of military equipment shall be determined
by the Secretary of Defense.</text>
</subsection></section><section commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H232B1B2553604FF2BB977AB15F7D5302"><enum>11105.</enum><header>Office for
Global Women’s Issues</header>
<subsection commented="no" id="H6ADD174E39984739AFCA92E510F86558"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Establishment</header><text>There
is established an Office for Global Women’s Issues (in this section referred to
as the <quote>Office</quote>) in the Office of the Secretary of State in the
Department of State. The Office shall be headed by the Ambassador-at-Large (in
this section referred to as the <quote>Ambassador</quote>), who shall report
directly to the Secretary of State.</text>
</subsection><subsection commented="no" id="H9B6989AD67E24DE2957E506FA3E7201C"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Purpose</header><text>The
Office shall coordinate efforts of the United States Government regarding
gender integration and women’s empowerment in United States foreign
policy.</text>
</subsection><subsection commented="no" id="H336AC30895424E17830188460BD0754C"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Duties</header>
<paragraph commented="no" id="HC849DE5675A54A03A158F96C32B763E3"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>The Ambassador shall—</text>
<subparagraph commented="no" id="H8B1FC1EBF5AA4CC3B710AEEADAF1A121"><enum>(A)</enum><text>coordinate and
advise on activities, policies, programs, and funding relating to gender
integration and women’s empowerment internationally for all bureaus and offices
of the Department of State and in the international programs of other Federal
agencies;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" id="H82072409608E4A73A7755845235E6AAD"><enum>(B)</enum><text>design, support,
and as appropriate, implement, limited projects regarding women’s empowerment
internationally;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" id="HE274987E58AA49B3A03F8A4C1119AFCD"><enum>(C)</enum><text>actively promote
and advance the full integration of gender analysis into the programs,
structures, processes, and capacities of all bureaus and offices of the
Department of State and in the international programs of other Federal
agencies; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" id="HC2A2EE008B9243DB8C75FCB48177186F"><enum>(D)</enum><text>direct, as
appropriate, United States Government resources to respond to needs for gender
integration and women’s empowerment in United States Government foreign
policies and international programs.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="H0A7DA601B54E4A8B876B52C2E8E1CC5B"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Diplomatic
representation</header><text>Subject to the direction of the President and the
Secretary of State, the Ambassador is authorized to represent the United States
in matters relevant to the status of women internationally.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection commented="no" id="H20FAF92411E945AA90BC200979E917C9"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Reporting</header><text>The
heads of all bureaus and independent offices of the Department of State, the
United States Agency for International Development, and the Millennium
Challenge Corporation shall, as appropriate, evaluate and monitor all women’s
empowerment programs administered by such bureaus and offices and annually
submit to the Ambassador a report on such programs and on policies and
practices to integrate gender.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="H86B7D22E683B446E921735061FDCCF46"><enum>11106.</enum><header>Bureau for
Energy Resources</header>
<subsection id="HBB5EA11CE525459BB4FFBC4CAB9E8DC6"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>Section 931(a) of the Energy Independence and Security
Act of 2007 (42 U.S.C. 17371(a)) is amended—</text>
<paragraph id="HEE9266EC1FFA429E85F8D5B8E4F28EB1"><enum>(1)</enum><text>in the subsection
heading, by striking <quote><header-in-text level="subsection" style="OLC">Coordinator for</header-in-text></quote> and inserting
<quote><header-in-text level="subsection" style="OLC">Coordination
of</header-in-text></quote>; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HA3A557F037B244F5ACC1D137429821AC"><enum>(2)</enum><text>in paragraph
(2)—</text>
<subparagraph id="H0752F35426C343668E4E302EB4FFD458"><enum>(A)</enum><text>in the paragraph
heading, by striking <quote><header-in-text level="paragraph" style="OLC">coordinator for</header-in-text></quote> and inserting
<quote><header-in-text level="paragraph" style="OLC">coordination
of</header-in-text></quote>; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HB3DD620EF0A1427588374F18B5D55D52"><enum>(B)</enum><text>by striking
<quote>There is established within the Office of the Secretary of State a
Coordinator for International Energy Affairs,</quote> and inserting in lieu
thereof the following: <quote>There is established within the Department of
State a Bureau for Energy Resources, to be headed by an Assistant
Secretary,</quote>.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HD0B893354F0440379ABCAA7120161FB3"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Transfer
authority</header><text>The Secretary of State may transfer any authority,
duty, or function assigned to the Coordinator for International Energy Affairs
or to the Office of International Energy Affairs to the Assistant Secretary for
Energy Resources or to the Bureau for Energy Resources (as the case may
be).</text>
</subsection><subsection commented="no" id="H83499D7D01A643298E7582B4063FECF6"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Conforming
amendments</header><paragraph commented="no" display-inline="yes-display-inline" id="HD8D02F4D97C84AB5A331FFA27EC78112"><enum>(1)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Section 1(c)(1) of the State Department
Basic Authorities Act of 1956 (22 U.S.C. 2651a), as amended by this Act, is
further amended by striking <quote>25</quote> and inserting
<quote>26</quote>.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HDAF0B17493CC483D88658551068C03CF" indent="up1"><enum>(2)</enum><text>Section 5315 of title 5, United
States Code, as amended by this Act, is further amended in the item relating to
Assistant Secretaries of State, by striking <quote>(25)</quote> and inserting
<quote>(26)</quote>.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section commented="no" id="HE884706FE15D4A7C914CBCA0836E197F"><enum>11107.</enum><header>Bureau of
Oceans, Environment and Science</header>
<subsection commented="no" id="H64773F70B9E34487B4B5AFC9BA10D1CE"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Department of
State Appropriations Authorization Act of 1973</header><text>Section 9 of the
Department of State Appropriations Authorization Act of 1973 (22 U.S.C. 2655a)
is amended—</text>
<paragraph id="HA43A335B32B54B6C8881167ECF858F0D"><enum>(1)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">in the section heading, by striking
<quote><header-in-text level="section" style="appropriations">oceans and
International Environmental and Scientific Affairs</header-in-text></quote> and
inserting <quote><header-in-text level="section" style="appropriations">oceans,
Environment and Science</header-in-text></quote> ; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HD0C7BB36B40C4C5CBED81CE98097FB35"><enum>(2)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">by striking <quote>Oceans and International
Environmental and Scientific Affairs</quote> each place it appears and
inserting <quote>Oceans, Environment and Science</quote>.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection commented="no" id="HE6B4FD8DFBE44367ABFACD0BED3CFD39"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Clean Air
Act</header><text>Section 617(a) of the Clean Air Act (42 U.S.C. 7671p(a)) is
amended by striking <quote>Oceans and International Environmental and
Scientific Affairs</quote> and inserting <quote>Oceans, Environment and
Science</quote>.</text>
</subsection></section></chapter><chapter id="H320862BE1EC2432C9C2E3BFE7BFA4A4A"><enum>2</enum><header>United States
Agency for International Development</header>
<section id="HCB0FBFF57EBD4A9EBFE97FED5DD2ABEE"><enum>11201.</enum><header>United States
Agency for International Development</header>
<subsection id="H8A9B225F702E4C2FBC71F8F05EF9CF2A"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Establishment</header><text>The
United States Agency for International Development shall be an agency of the
United States whose programs shall be under the continuous supervision, overall
coordination, and general direction of the Secretary of State.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H0B3DC4C8BF974BEEBDC0DE61DD1ECA1F"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Mandate</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The mandate of the United States Agency for
International Development shall be to reduce global poverty and alleviate human
suffering.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H8D307D08A76646D1A25FF6AE1AC39439"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Statutory
officers</header>
<paragraph id="H609A471BDAC743FB965533D3548352FC"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Administrator</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The United States Agency for International
Development shall be headed by an Administrator, who shall be appointed by the
President, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HD8F9F8B5847548CEAE33E3DFC6E910E0"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Deputy
administrators</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The President
may appoint, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, up to 2 Deputy
Administrators of the United States Agency for International Development, who
shall be compensated at the rate provided for at level III of the Executive
Schedule under section 5314 of title 5, United States Code.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H47B08D108F114C63A7E34A36A6A19D5B"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Assistant
administrators</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The President
may appoint, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, up to 13
Assistant Administrators of the United States Agency for International
Development, who shall be compensated at the rate provided for at level IV of
the Executive Schedule under section 5315 of title 5, United States Code. Among
these shall be—</text>
<subparagraph id="HA844FA9EA9564A76871F19C8881B4E9B"><enum>(A)</enum><text>an Assistant
Administrator for Policy, Planning, and Learning;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H42E0D4DAEF3447E9A489FFDA734BC3D6"><enum>(B)</enum><text>an Assistant
Administrator for Food Security;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H223AF9FD34A0460B8157871CD727ACD5"><enum>(C)</enum><text>an Assistant
Administrator for Democratic and Civic Development; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H97B3285E6D954C28954F0D7E7C01A0FA"><enum>(D)</enum><text>an Assistant
Administrator for Economic Growth, Environment, and Energy.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H66A6BB71438A43C1B4F4A16FC6708B02"><enum>(4)</enum><header>Nominations of
assistant administrators</header><text>Whenever the President submits to the
Senate a nomination of an individual for appointment to a position in the
United States Agency for International Development pursuant to paragraph (3),
the President shall designate the regional or functional bureau or bureaus of
the Agency with respect to which the individual shall have
responsibility.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection commented="no" id="H2772684B5C5A4540B1E320D52D66DFAF"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Conforming
amendments</header><text>Title 5, United States Code, is amended as
follows:</text>
<paragraph commented="no" id="H9C4DF1C0B8F94807AC682827A7E05C0D"><enum>(1)</enum><text>In section 5315,
in the item relating to Assistant Administrators, Agency for International
Development—</text>
<subparagraph commented="no" id="H36B5A33869514EE0ABC63290234E6C2E"><enum>(A)</enum><text>by inserting
<quote>United States</quote> before <quote>Agency</quote>; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" id="H6827F7DC7E044FFBB8B77048D1C6253E"><enum>(B)</enum><text>by striking
<quote>(6)</quote> and inserting <quote>(13)</quote>.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="H7B2F962ECC3242DF94EF1DEC5C33CA0A"><enum>(2)</enum><text>In section
7103(a)(2)(B)(iv), by inserting <quote>United States</quote> before
<quote>Agency for International Development</quote>.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section id="HF122BEF3E91842FFA6524453CC122880"><enum>11202.</enum><header>Role of the
Administrator</header>
<subsection id="HD07B9FFC693148CD99CAF525811FD01C"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The Administrator
shall have the responsibility for carrying out the mandate of the United States
Agency for International Development and for coordinating all United States
development-related activities.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H46B9B02408E94D9192687ADCC4958006"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Chief
development advisor</header><text>The Administrator shall be the chief
development advisor to the Secretary of State.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H0DD275A01F8D42B3B4B62E840CC16ED4"><enum>(c)</enum><header>National
security council participation</header><text>The President should invite the
Administrator to participate in all appropriate meetings of the National
Security Council.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HAD8D4392866E4D15964731DB214FF538"><enum>(d)</enum><header>United nations
development agencies</header><text>The Administrator should be responsible for
the coordination and direction of United States policy regarding, and
contributions to, all development-related agencies of the United Nations, in
consultation with the Assistant Secretary of State for International
Organization Affairs.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HAA9BE53693B94FC3A7EDA5804EBBA31A"><enum>(e)</enum><header>Multilateral
development banks</header><text>The President should appoint the Administrator
to be the Alternate United States Governor of the Asian Development Bank, the
African Development Bank, and the Inter-American Development Bank.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="H05E5975701FA4CD4A9926F0F6BA6D8CE"><enum>11203.</enum><header>Overseas
missions</header>
<subsection id="HF9F56650E01D4EFA8CFC15C51DCCEFD3"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Authority To
maintain overseas missions</header>
<paragraph id="HC182B06B4591428F80845A3A5DD63C09"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>The Administrator may maintain special missions or staffs
outside the United States in such countries and for such periods of time as may
be necessary to carry out the purposes of this Act.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HE3F1B8885D7D479BBA2A5F50FC3E66B2"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Other
locations</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">To the degree
permitted by security and financial considerations, the Secretary should give
favorable consideration to requests by the Administrator that the Secretary
exercise authority under section 606(a)(2)(B) of the Secure Embassy
Construction and Counterterrorism Act of 1999 (22 U.S.C. 4865(a)(2)(B)) to
waive certain requirements of that Act in order to permit the United States
Agency for International Development to maintain such missions or staffs at
locations separate from the United States embassy.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H0C4A7F28B2B940F0B245834F52DA26B6"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Appointment</header><text>The
Administrator may appoint a head, who shall be known as the Mission Director,
of each office or staff maintained under subsection (a).</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H9BBD4330224042FB86CCCE31EB55097F"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Compensation and
allowances</header><text>Each Mission Director may receive such compensation
and allowances as are authorized by the Foreign Service Act of 1980, not to
exceed those authorized for a chief of mission (as defined in section 102(a)(3)
of that Act), as the Administrator deems appropriate.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H2B85060182B344B6B3955CF12020C783"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Role of mission
director</header><text>The Mission Director’s responsibilities shall
include—</text>
<paragraph id="H7CECF869FDEA4110A8F66447D060CFBE"><enum>(1)</enum><text>serving as the
primary development and humanitarian advisor to the Chief of Mission;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H71213DC07C6240FFA76F4C5977A798C0"><enum>(2)</enum><text>coordinating
preparation of the Country Development Cooperation Strategy; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H32E39C486AC54EC78EB80E248BF225C7"><enum>(3)</enum><text>supervising and
directing United States development cooperation with, and United States
humanitarian operations in, such country.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H820CB39670E74CCBBFF70D07C3FEE412"><enum>(e)</enum><header>Relationship to
foreign assistance coordinator</header><text>The responsibilities assigned to
the Mission Director under subsection (d) shall not preclude the Secretary of
State from appointing an individual to oversee and coordinate the full range of
economic and security assistance programs in a country.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="H8E724768BA1A46FC8593978B0E0FC2EE"><enum>11204.</enum><header>Chairman of
OECD Development Assistance Committee</header>
<subsection commented="no" id="H4099DA13DB4C4105914987B90126C2EC"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Appointment</header><text>The
President may—</text>
<paragraph commented="no" id="HD2DDFF3254B14EDE8A5AC6D2E3C18769"><enum>(1)</enum><text>appoint any United
States citizen who is not a Federal employee, or</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="HDC910990DB634B7D97DAD612634B22D9"><enum>(2)</enum><text>assign any United
States citizen who is a Federal employee,</text>
</paragraph><continuation-text commented="no" continuation-text-level="subsection">to serve as Chairman of the
Development Assistance Committee (DAC) or any successor committee thereto of
the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, upon election
thereto by members of said Committee.</continuation-text></subsection><subsection id="HC18712A51BC2477B912B60CC9B0BCEBF"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Compensation and
allowances</header>
<paragraph id="H61F8229083A4448EB875190BC471BF28"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>An individual appointed or assigned under subsection (a)
may receive such compensation and allowances as are authorized by the Foreign
Service Act of 1980, not to exceed those authorized for a chief of mission (as
defined in section 102(a)(3) of that Act), as the President deems
appropriate.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H9AAC8D1715454195B038B80029835C80"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Additional
provisions</header><text>Such individual (if appointed under subsection (a)(1))
shall be deemed to be a Federal employee for purposes of chapters 81, 83, 84,
87, and 89 of title 5, United States Code. Such individual may also, in the
President’s discretion, receive any other benefits and perquisites then
available under this Act to a Chief of Mission under section 11103.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section commented="no" id="H2BE94302DA0049AA99B3795232517CEC"><enum>11205.</enum><header>Responsibilities
of the Inspector General of the United States Agency for International
Development</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">Section 8A of the
Inspector General Act of 1978 (5 U.S.C. App. 3) is amended—</text>
<paragraph commented="no" id="HDC727F3F5D77404DBAB2F9C2B9AD8561"><enum>(1)</enum><text>by redesignating
subsections (b) through (f) as subsections (c) through (g), respectively;
and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="H4A1CDAFC56E6435A9586E524281D92E3"><enum>(2)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">inserting after subsection (a) the
following:</text>
<quoted-block id="H5E77B6C8DF0C48D0A39AEE3CC47641F2" style="OLC">
<subsection commented="no" id="H1870CFE627424640BC692423DAB1E02B"><enum>(b)</enum><text>In addition to the
other duties and responsibilities specified in this Act, the Inspector General
of the United States Agency for International Development shall supervise,
direct, and control all audit and investigative activities relating to programs
and operations within the African Development Foundation, the Inter-American
Foundation, the Millennium Challenge Corporation, the Office of the U.S. Global
AIDS Coordinator of the Department of State, and the United States Trade and
Development
Agency.</text>
</subsection><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block>
</paragraph></section></chapter></subtitle><subtitle id="HEBA4C207D79F44DA8FDFD24EA42DACF4"><enum>B</enum><header>Management and
program administration </header>
<chapter id="H0AB53D022B444102A9A18AD097429EEA"><enum>1</enum><header>Operating expenses
and administrative authorities </header>
<section id="H269A921E92144109BA67B71D9D643D92"><enum>11301.</enum><header>Operating
expenses of the United States Agency for International Development</header>
<subsection id="HD177215D56284E2BAB09485899A67E6C"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Operating
expenses</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The Administrator is
authorized to use up to 10 percent of the total amount of funds managed by the
United States Agency for International Development in a fiscal year for
operating expenses of the United States Agency for International
Development.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HAED25691F08D483AAF5AA4B6DCD30CDE"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Capital
investment fund</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">In addition
to funds made available under subsection (a), the Administrator is authorized
to use up to 1 percent of the total amount of funds managed by the United
States Agency for International Development in a fiscal year for overseas
construction and related costs, and for the procurement and enhancement of
information technology and related capital investments. Amounts made available
under this subsection are authorized to remain available until expended.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H2F5C83AAB5E84F179C966633A9D8CDB3"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Management of
funds</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The annual
congressional budget justification prepared pursuant to section 9302 of this
Act shall contain an estimate of the total funds managed by the United States
Agency for International Development, disaggregated by account, and a detailed
operating expenses budget.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HFB499DCB6CC14BD98A115A13220FEA98"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Status of
obligations</header><text>The Administrator shall keep the appropriate
congressional committees currently informed of the status of obligations of
amounts made available under this section.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HCBD666EE07BE42C7AE831F83C3089C2E"><enum>(e)</enum><header>Definitions</header><text>In
this section:</text>
<paragraph id="HBDDE752AD8AC43AD8B1B2A6131C49033"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Operating
expenses</header><text>The term <term>operating expenses</term> means a use of
funds that is authorized under section 11302.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HFE6960F555584E1FA5713A42B66E569C"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Funds managed by
Agency</header><text>The term <term>funds managed by the United States Agency
for International Development</term> means all funds over which the
Administrator has obligation authority, including—</text>
<subparagraph id="HF52D139DE8E8422CBB66F6D3A81FD25D"><enum>(A)</enum><text>appropriations to
carry out this Act;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H5CD4766ABDE34123805B5243C9F38E20"><enum>(B)</enum><text>allocations or
transfers from any other Federal agency, or from other appropriations, for
functions directly related to the purposes of this Act; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H0E1943FB21D74DD9A16A94DE77B6D7C5"><enum>(C)</enum><text>proceeds from the
disposal of property acquired under the authority of section 11302 (or
predecessor provisions of law).</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></subsection></section><section id="H4F8811E2EB6C40FD98D00383DC63EDAA"><enum>11302.</enum><header>Authorized
uses of funds</header>
<subsection id="H4A3B52BB197D473484484CB6EAFFAAA4"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Authorized
uses</header><text>For purposes of section 11301(a), the following costs shall
be considered operating expenses of the United States Agency for International
Development and shall be included within the percentage limitation contained in
such section:</text>
<paragraph id="H86CB9239A1C04D09AFEF43EABC104869"><enum>(1)</enum><text>All compensation,
training and benefits for Agency personnel, including personal services
contractors, during the time such personnel have Washington D.C. or other
places in the United States as their official duty station.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HAF53C635832E4A968E488ACB9F4A2D35"><enum>(2)</enum><text>Travel and
transportation of Agency personnel described in paragraph (1) and their
dependents and possessions.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H3AFD002B85D54F19B0174414C4C9E9E6"><enum>(3)</enum><text>Acquisition, rent,
operation and maintenance in the United States of motor vehicles, aircraft, and
vessels.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H30D2A1AFE8C74F7DAC5D9CBD4E09F81C"><enum>(4)</enum><text>Acquisition, rent,
operation and maintenance in the United States of land and facilities.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HAE87316B0D3D4AD0BCFD6350CE122ADF"><enum>(5)</enum><text>Furniture and
equipment located in the United States, including operation and
maintenance.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HA2F9389B434A412980BA5C1DDBD81CD0"><enum>(6)</enum><text>Utilities,
insurance, communications, printing and reproduction, and miscellaneous
services and charges in the United States.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HE94D30FF3F814641B1447BE17A7168E8"><enum>(7)</enum><text>Subscriptions,
supplies and materials for use in the United States.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H6F1F64D5B30040F7B78E7F0CEECA14C0"><enum>(8)</enum><text>Attendance at
meetings and conferences of Agency personnel described in paragraph (1).</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HE8C7F900089047A3AEFD2C48E6AFF59D"><enum>(9)</enum><text>Commissions,
councils, boards and similar groups authorized by law primarily located in the
United States.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H91093BCF78EF40FD854A821E5655FFAB"><enum>(10)</enum><text>Security
equipment and services in the United States.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HE43AB5380B9C4490BBC1E4FF4F6B5B91"><enum>(11)</enum><text>Institutional,
administrative service, and any other contract, including profit and overhead,
for work to be performed primarily in the United States.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H242916FA288D434598D6FDEDCC207F68"><enum>(12)</enum><text>Representation
and entertainment expenses in the United States.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H03D16A799BEF4C68B623E90B1E674AFF"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Compliance with
federal law</header><text>All new facilities constructed under the authorities
of this section, whether inside or outside the United States, shall comply with
all relevant Federal codes and standards requiring access for persons with
disabilities.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="HC464C8BB96D1495289965B6C36A15D94"><enum>11303.</enum><header>Operating
expenses of the Office of the Inspector General</header>
<subsection id="H2A45FD7A7A54477E9ECC4FFA0117E189"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>The President is authorized to pay for the necessary
operating expenses of the Office of the Inspector General of the United States
Agency for International Development to the extent and in the amounts
authorized and appropriated for such purposes in any fiscal year.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HB124484DF3DA4A6EB5AE32058BBB9F0E"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Additional
amounts</header><text>There are authorized to be appropriated to the President
such amounts as may be necessary for increases in compensation, retirement, and
other personnel benefits authorized by law, and for other nondiscretionary
costs of the Office.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="H7754F03039A84298995E28A89005895C"><enum>11304.</enum><header>Administrative
authorities of the Department of Defense</header>
<subsection id="H3F5AB6958F7941E6BCE537241C7251D2"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Funds allocated to
the Department of Defense for the purpose of providing assistance under this
Act shall be available for the following:</text>
<paragraph id="H2ED91BA8481F41EA85252C94623E55FE"><enum>(1)</enum><text>Administrative,
extraordinary (not to exceed $300,000 in any fiscal year), and operating
expenses incurred in furnishing assistance under this Act administered through
the Department of Defense, including the purchase of passenger motor vehicles
for replacement only for use outside of the United States.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HB76EA8D2B7FC46F9A33ECB0E8835DA35"><enum>(2)</enum><text>Reimbursement of
actual expenses of military officers detailed or assigned as tour directors in
connection with orientation visits of foreign military and related civilian
personnel, in accordance with the provisions of section 5702 of title 5, United
States Code, applicable to Federal employees.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H9F2A4707574348D0B5D5DA09D7C590F7"><enum>(3)</enum><text>Maintenance,
repair, alteration, and furnishing of United States-owned facilities in the
District of Columbia or elsewhere for the training of foreign military and
related civilian personnel without regard to the provisions of section 6303 of
title 41, United States Code, or other provision of law requiring a specific
authorization or specific appropriation for such public contracts.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H70EF34C0F1164AA2A391FD5CB116D2D4"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Military
officer</header><text>The term <term>military officer</term> means a
commissioned, warrant, or non-commissioned officer of the United States Armed
Forces.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="H980FAB6CF3D34A3498523FE6DFD738D7"><enum>11305.</enum><header>Working
Capital Fund</header>
<subsection id="HC9D280F887D5451884DBC20BF1E2F5C4"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Establishment</header><text>The
Administrator is authorized to establish a Working Capital Fund (in this
section referred to as the <quote>Fund</quote>).</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H863697DACA1C4A4AA8748502D213A1B9"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Purpose</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Amounts deposited during any fiscal year in
the Fund shall be available without fiscal year limitation and used, in
addition to other funds available for such purposes, for administrative costs
resulting from Agency implementation and procurement reform efforts, the
administration of this Fund, and administrative contingencies designated by the
Administrator.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HDF3F5B68D0D14E98AB34B7CCF2F5DF9A"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Deposits into
the fund</header><text>There may be deposited in any fiscal year in the Fund up
to 1 percent of the total value of obligations entered into by the Agency from
appropriations available to the Agency and any appropriation made available for
the purpose of providing capital. Receipts from the disposal of, or payments
for the loss or damage to, property held in the Fund, rebates, reimbursements,
refunds and other credits applicable to the operation of the Fund may be
deposited into the Fund.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H24077E94917A48BAB343C42B615AA073"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Refunds</header><text>At
the close of each fiscal year the Administrator shall transfer out of the Fund
and into the Emergency Humanitarian Response Fund established under section
1905 of this Act amounts in excess of $100,000,000 and any other amounts that
the Administrator determines to be in excess of the needs of the Fund.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="HB9DFE415FD7B41D3BAAFD69055270FF9"><enum>11306.</enum><header>Suspension
and debarment</header>
<subsection id="HD4C3028A82BE471F9A11872BB09D0AFC"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Eligibility To
receive funds</header><text>The President shall issue and enforce regulations
determining the eligibility of any person to receive funds made available under
this Act.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H439F4DD7A6C344AE847B3F651177CB70"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Suspension</header><text>The
regulations described in subsection (a) shall provide for the suspension of
eligibility of a person for a temporary period pending the completion of an
investigation and any resulting judicial or debarment proceedings, upon cause
for belief that such person or an affiliate thereof probably has undertaken
conduct which constitutes a cause for debarment.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H91A4CF61A7634DF093AFB3CB93A659EA"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Debarment</header><text>A
person may be debarred from further receipt of funds made available under this
Act, and from participating in any contract or agreement regarding the use of
funds made available under this Act, for—</text>
<paragraph id="H003517EBBF0945058784054E512BD416"><enum>(1)</enum><text>conviction of or
civil judgment for—</text>
<subparagraph id="H505BE9DF13454A139965F23F76C2D0CC"><enum>(A)</enum><text>commission of
fraud or a criminal offense in connection with obtaining, attempting to obtain,
or performing a public or private agreement or transaction;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HC0CFBE7754AE4DAA9A9B8072F51AE0E1"><enum>(B)</enum><text>violation of
Federal or State antitrust statutes, including those proscribing price fixing
between competitors, allocation of customers between competitors, and bid
rigging;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H018ED0C8B28142809E3B24824026CDCF"><enum>(C)</enum><text>commission of
embezzlement, theft, forgery, bribery, falsification or destruction of records,
making false statements, tax evasion, receiving stolen property, making false
claims or obstruction of justice; or</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H7739E15E9752455A9A92BBCA32E1A114"><enum>(D)</enum><text>commission of any
other offense indicating a lack of business integrity or business
honesty;</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="HFC9237E7CB534E35AB2D74C6A6C95EA8"><enum>(2)</enum><text>violation of the
terms of a public agreement or transaction so serious as to affect the
integrity of a program under this Act, such as—</text>
<subparagraph id="HF952061668EE492C929CA3499AD4575F"><enum>(A)</enum><text>a willful failure
to perform in accordance with the terms of one or more public agreements or
transactions;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H1A7DFBE3102D4051A4F886EF8E85D2D5"><enum>(B)</enum><text>a history of
failure to perform or of unsatisfactory performance of one or more public
agreements or transactions; or</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HDEE76C90F5B94E989B945B5F9CA58117"><enum>(C)</enum><text>a willful
violation of a statutory or regulatory provision or requirement applicable to a
public agreement or transaction; or</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="H3DABD0931CE148D4A0975753A6E94A21"><enum>(3)</enum><text>any of the
following causes:</text>
<subparagraph commented="no" id="H234CBF5F6E5A494DB74ABCA697B92015"><enum>(A)</enum><text>knowingly doing
business with an ineligible person;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" id="H38112A045C5F4698907664D9E2339D41"><enum>(B)</enum><text>failure to pay a
single substantial debt, or a number of outstanding debts, owed to any Federal
agency or instrumentality; or</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" id="HB546378F75FF4DEEA6B78DD19138DCA3"><enum>(C)</enum><text>any other cause of
a serious or compelling nature.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H7F49158F90BD431AA2C180F440EA3D72"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Reinstatement</header><text>Reinstatement
of eligibility in each particular case shall be subject to such conditions as
the President shall direct.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="HC955C5C601324F07BB191B5FB4733E26"><enum>11307.</enum><header>False claims
and ineligible commodities</header>
<subsection id="HAAC28E606D4742A3A9604DD35358DB57"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Any person who makes
or causes to be made or presents or causes to be presented to any bank or other
financial institution or to any officer, agent, or employee of any agency of
the United States Government a claim for payment from funds made available
under this Act for the purposes of furnishing assistance and who knows the
claim to be false, fraudulent, or fictitious or to cover a commodity or
commodity-related service determined by the President to be ineligible for
payment from funds made available under this Act, or who uses to support such
claim any certification, statement, or entry on any contract, bill of lading,
Government or commercial invoice, or Government form, which such person knows,
or in the exercise of prudent business management should know, to contain
false, fraudulent, or fictitious information, or who uses or engages in any
other fraudulent trick, scheme, or device for the purpose of securing or
obtaining, or aiding to secure or obtain, for any person any benefit or payment
from funds so made available under this Act in connection with the negotiation,
procurement, award, or performance of a contract financed with funds so made
available under this Act, and any person who enters into an agreement,
combination or conspiracy to do so—</text>
<paragraph id="HFE8D0563291340EF8E56D9599CC2BF89"><enum>(1)</enum><text>shall pay to the
United States an amount equal to 25 per centum of any amount thereby sought to
be wrongfully secured or obtained but not actually received;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H06C716879F484BB5B78280D3706F6F64"><enum>(2)</enum><text>shall forfeit and
refund any payment, compensation, loan, commission, or advance received as a
result thereof; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H1339CABB657E4C04B1DBE84CA34EF492"><enum>(3)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">shall, in addition, pay to the United
States for each such act—</text>
<subparagraph id="H592296E11766445BA47B95EE5E7DFB81"><enum>(A)</enum><text>the sum of $2,000
and double the amount of any damage which the United States may have sustained
by reason thereof; or</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H688DC9F353E04C69B4408C9B2A5F1CF7"><enum>(B)</enum><text>an amount equal to
50 per centum of any such payment, compensation, loan, commission, or advance
so received, whichever is the greater, together with the costs of suit.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H46810E7C1AE246A59E8A65B0C51C6A14"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Judicial
proceeding and withholding of funds</header>
<paragraph id="H7A2F5BC3C82249D7AA76C0616B14C563"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>In order to secure recovery under this section, the
President may, as the President deems appropriate—</text>
<subparagraph id="H38BD021742144F99A15B0C1B4C63F54D"><enum>(A)</enum><text>institute suit in
the United States district court for any judicial district in which the person
alleged to have performed or participated in an act described by this section
may reside or may be found; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H59ADE8D1356840D4A3928C0BE0FDF297"><enum>(B)</enum><text>upon posting by
registered mail to such person a notice of claim describing the basis therefor
and identifying the funds to be withheld, withhold from funds owed by any
agency of the United States Government to such person an amount equal to the
refund, damages, liquidated damages, and exemplary damages claimed by the
United States under this section.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H940DC462A8244028B450C6C690A736C7"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Effect of
withholding</header><text>Any such withholding of funds from any person shall
constitute a final determination of the rights and liabilities of such person
under this section with respect to the amount so withheld, unless within one
year of receiving the notice of claim such person brings suit for recovery,
which is hereby authorized, against the United States in any United States
district court.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HB4A09F10ABB04AE48726EDA9C9CAA0F9"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Person
defined</header><text>For purposes of this section, the term
<term>person</term> includes any individual, corporation, partnership,
association, or other legal entity.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="HF10B175B33574C1B818271021F63B07B"><enum>11308.</enum><header>Termination
expenses</header>
<subsection id="HD7637E319CB2444B9CBC4F48F90A7698"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Termination
expenses</header>
<paragraph id="H364F306949764A65B0251A39BC7BD953"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>Funds made available under this Act, the former authority
of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, the former authority of section 23 of
the Arms Export Control Act, or other predecessor provisions of law shall
remain available for obligation for a period not to exceed 8 months from the
date of any termination of assistance under such Acts for the necessary
expenses of winding up programs related to such termination and may remain
available until expended.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HE82F534F589842C7A569918CD3AD06ED"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Treatment of
obligated funds</header><text>Funds obligated under the authority of such Acts
prior to the effective date of the termination of assistance may remain
available for expenditure for the necessary expenses of winding up programs
related to such termination notwithstanding any provision of law restricting
the expenditure of funds.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H98863FD311FA4D1EBFC02F4ECA03003F"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Completion of
training or studies</header><text>In order to ensure the effectiveness of such
assistance, such expenses for orderly termination of programs may include the
obligation and expenditure of funds to complete the training or studies outside
their countries of origin of students whose course of study or training program
began before assistance was terminated.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HF35DD28566E44741A96088D8A36655F8"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Liability to
contractors</header><text>For the purpose of making an equitable settlement of
termination claims under extraordinary contractual relief standards, the
President is authorized to adopt as a contract or other obligation of the
United States Government, and assume (in whole or in part) any liabilities
arising thereunder, any contract with a United States or third-country
contractor that had been funded with assistance under the Acts referred to in
subsection (a) prior to the termination of assistance.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H95D9F0CFE9304E559766FA1E99041E7B"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Reobligation of
amounts terminated</header><text>Amounts obligated for assistance and
subsequently terminated by the President, or by any provision of law, shall
continue to remain available and may be reobligated to meet any necessary
expenses arising from the termination of such assistance.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H304FAA31B2274F619C8E012301EF3D56"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Guaranty
programs</header><text>No provision of this Act or any other Act requiring the
termination of assistance under this Act or any other Act shall be construed to
require the termination of guarantee commitments that were entered into prior
to the effective date of the termination of assistance.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H792558B6E6C446C0A94ACD53F5B46AA2"><enum>(e)</enum><header>Relation to
other provisions</header><text>Unless specifically made inapplicable by another
provision of law, the provisions of this section shall be applicable to the
termination of assistance pursuant to any provision of law.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="HF366C6F6E6C84E37AF266CD9AC6FD787"><enum>11309.</enum><header>Prohibition
on certain first-class travel</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">None of the funds made available under this
Act may be used for first-class travel by Federal personnel of agencies funded
by this Act in contravention of sections 301–10.122 through 301–10.124 of title
41, Code of Federal Regulations.</text>
</section></chapter><chapter id="H3B6C773D36854DFBADE0BC1334E34818"><enum>2</enum><header>Assistance
authorities and program expenses</header>
<section id="HD130F1D9C332432C9B31D0E2447827B3"><enum>11401.</enum><header>General
assistance authorities</header>
<subsection id="H9F0A4D2B5415476783FD2E467EE0F98B"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Terms of
assistance</header><text>Except as otherwise specifically prohibited in this
Act, assistance under this Act may be furnished on a grant, loan, or guaranty
basis, or on such terms, including cash, credit, or other terms of repayment
(including repayment in foreign currencies or by transfer to the United States
Government of articles), as may be determined to be best suited to the
achievement of the purposes of this Act.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HE502681DE8E2412B9F7C7FF363482A64"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Terms and
conditions</header><text>The President, the Secretary, and the Administrator,
as the case may be, may furnish assistance under this Act on such terms and
conditions (consistent with other provisions of law) as he or she deems
appropriate, and, consistent with the provisions of this Act, may charge such
fees for guarantees and loans under this Act as he or she deems appropriate.
Credit assistance shall be consistent with the provisions of the Federal Credit
Reform Act of 1990. In the case of contributions or other assistance provided
for an international organization or arrangement under this or any other Act,
such organization or arrangement may utilize its own procurement,
administrative, accounting, and audit rules and procedures.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HB658E96AD2F94D4E997E3869E6702E06"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Implementation</header><text>In
furtherance of the purposes and subject to the limitations of this Act, the
President, the Secretary, and the Administrator, in providing assistance under
this Act, may make loans (in conformity with the provisions of the Federal
Credit Reform Act of 1990), advances, and grants to, make and perform
agreements and contracts with, or enter into other transactions with, any
person, corporation, or other body of persons, any government or government
agency, and any international organization or arrangement.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H56F94FAB730A411C9DE2E9105414C1FD"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Gifts</header><text>The
President, the Secretary, and the Administrator may accept and use in
furtherance of the purposes of this Act, money, funds, property, and services
of any kind made available by gift, devise, bequest, grant, or otherwise for
such purpose.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HAEB129A7A47D47599BC2EF47AA6B1189"><enum>(e)</enum><header>Insurance</header>
<paragraph id="H27482F310FA44A218A118059D8A9F67D"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Foreign
participants</header><text>Any Federal agency is authorized to pay the cost of
health and accident insurance for foreign participants in any program of
furnishing assistance administered by such agency while such participants are
absent from their homes for the purpose of participation in such
program.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HEC7333EC7B874A9DB9C1E665A5A02B44"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Foreign
personnel</header><text>Any Federal agency is authorized to pay the cost of
health and accident insurance for foreign personnel of that agency while such
personnel are absent from their places of employment abroad for purposes of
training or other official duties.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H208A0EF0FBB0440AAE936E67C4342E3F"><enum>(f)</enum><header>Admission to
united states</header><text>Alien participants in any program of furnishing
assistance under this Act may be admitted to the United States if otherwise
qualified as nonimmigrants under section 101(a)(15) of the Immigration and
Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1101(a)(15)), for such time and under such conditions
as may be prescribed by regulations promulgated by the Secretary of State and
the Attorney General.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HC2858D2FC1FD447188A080125A348C59"><enum>(g)</enum><header>Assistance
authorities</header><text>In furnishing and administering assistance under this
Act, the President, the Secretary, and the Administrator—</text>
<paragraph id="HFACBFBBF3F114A7A9ED2BD6106E7FD61"><enum>(1)</enum><text>may issue letters
of credit and letters of commitment;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H1F031AC6DFB048D4B1779A09FA4EE26A"><enum>(2)</enum><text>may collect,
compromise, reschedule or otherwise settle any obligations assigned to, or held
by, and any legal or equitable rights accruing to, the United States and may
(as he or she deems appropriate) refer any such obligations or rights to the
Attorney General for suit or collection;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HD1E5BEDABBB446618BAFC20973784E35"><enum>(3)</enum><text>may—</text>
<subparagraph id="H660EEC2D9856420C985C17AD132489CF"><enum>(A)</enum><text>acquire and
dispose of (upon such terms and conditions as he or she deems appropriate) any
property, including any instrument evidencing indebtedness or ownership;
and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H7D556C245EFE4FB89D99B865FF2DF6F2"><enum>(B)</enum><text>guarantee payment
against any such instrument;</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="HBC50953EDE4F4AB2A399A92C3F930237"><enum>(4)</enum><text>may establish the
character of, and decide the necessity for, obligations and expenditures of
funds used in furnishing and administering such assistance and the manner in
which such obligations and expenditures shall be incurred, allowed, and paid,
subject to provisions of law specifically applicable to corporations of the
United States Government; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H1B0CCB4391CE46EA9C57D68A6EC60BC3"><enum>(5)</enum><text>shall cause to be
maintained an integral set of accounts which shall be audited by the Government
Accountability Office in accordance with principles and procedures applicable
to commercial corporate transactions as provided by chapter 91 of title 31,
United States Code.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H7F6856BBCA1F467D9D26EEF21F4F7CC3"><enum>(h)</enum><header>Guarantees</header><text>Guarantees
issued to carry out the purposes of this Act shall be subject to the
following:</text>
<paragraph id="HFE1DCB67A3AF47289A36B3A77AE1B40C"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Full faith and
credit</header><text>The full faith and credit of the United States may be
pledged for the full payment and performance of guarantees issued under this
Act or predecessor Acts.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HAA7DE28B7C924C53BD061A7CC44FEECF"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Charges</header><text>The
President may charge appropriate fees or interest in connection with the
activities carried out under such authority.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HCA57AF2359854273B71EBFD30B37BF34"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Relationship to
other provisions of law</header><text>Guarantees may be provided under this Act
without regard to commodity restrictions.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HA3B3DC3A46984C729C436D19397E51DA"><enum>(4)</enum><header>Denomination of
liability</header><text>The losses guaranteed may be in dollars or in other
currencies. In the case of losses guaranteed in currencies other than dollars,
the guarantees issued shall be subject to an overall payment limitation
expressed in dollars.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H03B91CA0360B42FDA6DB93AD5BD4A00B"><enum>(i)</enum><header>Loan Guarantees
to Israel Program</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Notwithstanding section 12201(1), section
226 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2186; relating to Loan
Guarantees to Israel Program), shall not be repealed and shall remain in effect
as on the day before the date of the enactment of this Act.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H15A0340CE34646F5AEB61F394F01E594"><enum>(j)</enum><header>Subsidy cost of
guarantees and loans</header><text>The President, the Secretary, and the
Administrator, as the case may be, may use funds made available under this Act
to pay the cost (as defined in section 13201 of the Budget Enforcement Act of
1990) of direct loans and loan guarantees made or entered into (and associated
administrative costs) in furtherance of the purposes of this Act. Funds
appropriated to pay the cost (as defined in section 13201 of the Budget
Enforcement Act of 1990) of direct loans and loan guarantees made or entered
into to carry out the provisions of this Act shall be provided in conformity
with section 504(b)(1) of the Federal Credit Reform Act of 1990.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H17CC45EE9DF74211B899D3372B86F991"><enum>(k)</enum><header>Claims relating
to guarantees</header><text>Claims arising as a result of any guarantee program
authorized by this Act may be settled, and disputes arising as the result
thereof may be arbitrated with the consent of the parties, on such terms and
conditions as the President may direct. Payment made pursuant to any such
settlement, or as a result of an arbitration award, shall be final and
conclusive notwithstanding any other provision of law.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H33AC93298C8F44B58262C75EFFFC46FF"><enum>(l)</enum><header>Financial
transactions with foreign governments in default of obligations to the united
states</header><text>Section 955 of title 18, United States Code, shall not
apply to any person—</text>
<paragraph id="H64CDDBA17977442A8DD705DE828669A8"><enum>(1)</enum><text>who acts for or
participates in any operation or transaction arising under this Act; or</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H33B079BABDD64F4A9229BEB10175B951"><enum>(2)</enum><text>who acquires any
obligation issued in connection with any operation or transaction arising under
this Act.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H40F39647461C4582A0DA3A0F1ABA118A"><enum>(m)</enum><header>Educational
institutions</header><text>Any cost-type contract or agreement (including
grants) entered into with an institution of higher education for the purpose of
carrying out programs authorized by this Act may provide for the payment of the
reimbursable indirect costs of that institution on the basis of predetermined
fixed-percentage rates applied to the total or an element thereof, of the
reimbursable direct costs incurred.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H26C583E1AD66438694081B1CEE7D1250"><enum>(n)</enum><header>Per
diem</header><text>Funds made available under this Act may be used for payment
of per diem in lieu of subsistence to foreign participants engaged in any
program under this Act while such participants are away from their homes in
countries other than the United States, at rates not in excess of those
prescribed by the standardized Government travel regulations, notwithstanding
any other provision of law.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H3D3ECFD7313D432C927EC253A72E2F2B"><enum>(o)</enum><header>Multiyear
commitments</header><text>Except as otherwise provided in this Act, a contract
or agreement which entails commitments for the expenditure of funds under this
Act may, subject to any future action of the Congress, extend at any time for
not more than 5 years.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HC7CB47076B824835A815EF8E92668B46"><enum>(p)</enum><header>Program and
management oversight</header><text>The Administrator may use funds made
available under title I to provide program and management oversight for
activities that are funded under that title and that are conducted in countries
in which the Agency does not have a field mission or office.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="H871764B8E3584AB4879ADECA0A8DC138"><enum>11402.</enum><header>Authority to
conduct reimbursable programs</header>
<subsection id="H1F0D93A072CD4BADA155C2A83D710518"><enum>(a)</enum><header>General
authority</header><text>Whenever the President considers it consistent with and
within the limitations of this Act, any Federal agency is authorized to furnish
services and articles on an advance-of-funds or reimbursement basis to partner
countries, international organizations and arrangements, and nongovernmental
organizations.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H52923719EE4545CAA4AA82B5D8DB0F8A"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Personal service
contracts</header>
<paragraph id="H064BF380EAB44B96A68A55DCCD4530F7"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>When any Federal agency provides services on an
advance-of-funds or reimbursable basis under this section, such agency may
contract with individuals for personal service abroad or in the United
States—</text>
<subparagraph id="H02D087B2C57E44D093919CF2832307AA"><enum>(A)</enum><text>to perform such
services; or</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H36C363F945E04F068BDC93258D4AAC71"><enum>(B)</enum><text>to replace, in a
manner otherwise permitted by law, Federal employees who are assigned by the
agency to provide such services.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="HEA60F4AA7944429D83E7BDDD58B7278F"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Rule of
construction</header><text>Such individuals shall not be regarded as Federal
employees for the purpose of any law administered by the Office of Personnel
Management.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HF88C9C6E72464B4EA34907BB6FE9EF64"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Use of
payments</header><text>Advances and reimbursements received under this section
shall be credited to the currently applicable appropriation, account, or fund
of the agency concerned and shall be available for the purposes for which such
appropriation, account, or fund is authorized to be used.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="H55C5BEA7794A4B56A25B99D82F53318E"><enum>11403.</enum><header>Retention of
interest</header>
<subsection id="H8DEE5C59E89F4963B651843001C0953E"><enum>(a)</enum><header>General
authority</header><text>The Administrator may, for the purpose of carrying out
the provisions of title I, enter into agreements with international
organizations and with local entities that provide for the retention by such
organizations and entities, without deposit in the Treasury of the United
States and without further appropriation by Congress, of interest earned on the
advance of funds.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H9DA1589042C34B2687E03304B7E3ED49"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Use of
interest</header><text>Any interest earned on the advance of funds made
available under subsection (a) shall be used only for the purposes for which
the agreement is made.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H7DB9F31C00C244A0B07CE30216085E19"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Audits</header><text>The
Administrator shall audit, on a regular and recurring basis, interest earned on
advance funds to ensure that the requirements of subsection (a) are strictly
observed.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H82D1CCC5D95F493EBD6CB133B3205DA0"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Limitation</header><text>The
authorities of this section may be used only for agreements with a value of
$5,000,000 or less.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H92548D0E27514D20B41355141BCF856A"><enum>(e)</enum><header>Transparency</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The Administrator shall make publicly
available on the Internet website of the Agency information about each
agreement made under the authority of this section, including the name of the
organization or entity and the amount and the purpose of the agreement.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="H3A4E5D1F4442497CAB46093B6192D88D"><enum>11404.</enum><header>Marking and
branding of economic and humanitarian assistance</header>
<subsection id="HD6947AF5F577431EA581E17A8A0A325A"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Requirement</header><text>Economic
assistance and humanitarian assistance implemented with funds made available to
any agency to carry out the purposes of this or any other Act, and to any
contractor or grantee thereof, shall be identified as being <quote>From the
American People</quote> and only as follows:</text>
<paragraph id="H7255355ACE0846EFA128AD48B5AA44DC"><enum>(1)</enum><text>The site or
article, as appropriate, shall not include any reference to a particular
Federal agency or division thereof.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H27842D33CEA546A5929B242865ECB132"><enum>(2)</enum><text>The identification
of the assistance shall include only a representation of the American flag, and
shall not include any logo of a particular Federal agency or division
thereof.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H3D299F9EBC7F47E2843354E72ED6E878"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Relationship to
other provisions of law and regulations</header><text>The provisions of this
section shall be applicable notwithstanding any other provision of this or any
other Act, and notwithstanding any Federal regulation, agency guidance, or
procedure to the contrary.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H3C34FC84AE234EC7B6988A085052789F"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Applicability</header><text>The
provisions of this section shall be applicable to all—</text>
<paragraph id="HA16EFB5928654F28A935DB3A10300766"><enum>(1)</enum><text>articles;
and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HFB6A7A0FEF124A88841270EBF7AD3FC7"><enum>(2)</enum><text>program, project
and activity sites.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H7122CB455D264DFB8870E9FCB5EC3DB9"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Ongoing
programs</header><text>To the extent it is feasible and cost effective to do
so, the marking and branding of articles and sites financed pursuant to ongoing
agreements, including grants, contracts, and cooperative agreements, shall be
conformed to meet the requirements of this section.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H0DCB90283FDB4F2AAF27828F9F6CE11B"><enum>(e)</enum><header>Exceptions</header><text>The
requirements of subsection (a) shall not apply—</text>
<paragraph id="H87E23C00331B4DB5A73D77D5FB03DF58"><enum>(1)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">if the Chief of Mission or the relevant
Assistant Secretary of State determines that the marking of a particular
program, project, or activity would—</text>
<subparagraph id="H6BA0D56FCDEC40EF83D0DCF4C83F5BAD"><enum>(A)</enum><text>jeopardize the
health, safety or human rights of a private partner or intended beneficiary;
or</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HB560BA5A3D474B238B945B412A2D0FFE"><enum>(B)</enum><text>be detrimental to
the achievement of overall United States foreign policy objectives in such
country;</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="HD19050D754244BFB893399C32025DBCE"><enum>(2)</enum><text>if the Secretary
determines that the marking of economic assistance or humanitarian assistance
in such country would be detrimental to the achievement of overall United
States foreign policy objectives in such country; or</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H3B7F26749B3C41D7B4F532222D99F7CD"><enum>(3)</enum><text>to office space
occupied by the implementing partner, or to housing, personal vehicles or other
personal property of employees thereof.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HCE2816937701404D86B82E72060C19A3"><enum>(f)</enum><header>Exemption from
determination</header><text>A determination under subsection (e)(2) shall not
preclude the Secretary from requiring that specific articles or sites financed
by the United States Government in such country be subject to the requirements
of subsection (a).</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H3C7159C888CD4AC7B2ADB2FE34BB2785"><enum>(g)</enum><header>Co-Branding</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The requirements of subsection (a) shall
not prohibit the identification of economic assistance or humanitarian
assistance provided through a private partner with such partner’s own
organizational brand or logo, subject to any standards or regulations that the
President may establish.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="HB9819A41156F4841897EF53BB95D07F6"><enum>11405.</enum><header>Reductions in
designated funds</header>
<subsection id="H0A83FE5504A646DBB76933291E7D1F57"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Designated funds
defined</header><text>For the purposes of this section, the term
<term>designated funds</term> means amounts within an account that are
authorized or appropriated to be available only for a particular country,
organization, or purpose during a specified fiscal period.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HB8ABB3FD2CE841018AEC8F2E094403BA"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Proportional
reductions</header><text>If the amount appropriated for a fiscal period to
carry out any provision of this Act (including rescissions and reductions
required by law) is less than the amount authorized to be appropriated to carry
out such provision, then the President is authorized to make a proportionate
reduction in designated funds, notwithstanding the provision of law making such
designation.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H46EBF616B0E646B68A4CB6653BE00CB6"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Reprogrammings</header><text>Notwithstanding
a provision of law providing for designated funds, the President may reprogram
such designated funds to other programs within the same account under the same
terms and conditions as originally provided, if—</text>
<paragraph id="HC6AC2919576347E3AF13FCE646A32B0A"><enum>(1)</enum><text>compliance with
such provision of law is made impossible by operation of law; or</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HA002AFDCFB7549DFAC0BE88C174BBF4F"><enum>(2)</enum><text>the President
determines that a significant change in circumstances relating to the
particular country, organization, or purpose makes it unlikely that the
designated funds can be obligated during the original period of
availability.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H33AAA6D5CBB544AE80F3C4AF12A01354"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Congressional
notification</header><text>A reprogramming pursuant to subsection (c) shall be
subject to the regular notification procedures under section 9401.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="H35DBF7F30667427EBD2A20DC46688DB8"><enum>11406.</enum><header>Requirement
for authorization of appropriations</header>
<subsection id="H41F5B7310988450A854C75EAB62C460E"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Requirement for
authorization</header><text>Funds appropriated to carry out this Act shall not
be available for obligation or expenditure—</text>
<paragraph id="HED3CA011360C43C5B07A021BDFCB4535"><enum>(1)</enum><text>unless the
appropriation thereof has been specifically authorized by law; or</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H2E545289378547F2A4027056E823285D"><enum>(2)</enum><text>in excess of the
amount authorized by law.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H3CC94BA461424B939603A0F912D937C9"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Subsequent
authorizations</header><text>To the extent that legislation enacted after the
making of an appropriation for foreign assistance authorizes the obligation or
expenditure thereof, the limitation contained in subsection (a) shall not
apply.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H810B2709CBAA466C965BEC2E57A9F328"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Relation to
other provisions</header><text>The provisions of this section shall not be
superseded except by a provision of law that specifically repeals or modifies
the provisions of this section.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="H073A120AF14643798157E8E356F64C96"><enum>11407.</enum><header>Unexpended
balances</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">Unexpended balances
of funds made available pursuant to the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (as in
effect on the day before the date of the enactment of this Act) are authorized
to remain available for the general purposes for which appropriated and may be
consolidated with appropriations made available for the same general purposes
under the authority of this Act.</text>
</section><section id="H45D12D7A98854C349C12F1B18ED040DB"><enum>11408.</enum><header>Authority for
extended period of availability of appropriations</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">Unless otherwise specified, amounts
appropriated to carry out this Act are authorized to remain available until
expended.</text>
</section><section id="HBCEE09DFAD254C92A8540AB02FFB9E94"><enum>11409.</enum><header>Support for
regional, international and nongovernmental organizations</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">In carrying out the goals and objectives of
this Act, the Administrator is authorized to support programs, projects, and
activities of, and to provide technical assistance to, regional, international,
and nongovernmental organizations.</text>
</section><section id="H7A9E5F80C4A14A2FA4EC98FC73CDD12B"><enum>11410.</enum><header>Protection of
patents and technical information</header>
<subsection id="HED78E4F7ADDF4ABE938A4848004E06EE"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Inventions and
discoveries</header><text>Whenever, in connection with the furnishing of
assistance under this Act—</text>
<paragraph id="H705C8E9E97C34FB4A8DA0701326CCD05"><enum>(1)</enum><text>an invention or
discovery covered by a patent issued by the United States Government is
practiced within the United States without the authorization of the owner,
or</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H11D428DAA09D4A54A316A68E03221E9C"><enum>(2)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">information, which is (A) protected by law,
and (B) held by the United States Government subject to restrictions imposed by
the owner, is disclosed by the United States Government or any of its officers,
employees, or agents in violation of such restrictions,</text>
</paragraph><continuation-text continuation-text-level="subsection">the
exclusive remedy of the owner, except as provided in subsection (b), is to sue
the United States Government for reasonable and entire compensation for such
practice or disclosure in the district court of the United States for the
district in which such owner is a resident, or in the United States Court of
Federal Claims within six years after the cause of action arises. Any period
during which the United States Government is in possession of a written claim
under subsection (b) before mailing a notice of denial of that claim does not
count in computing the six years. In any such suit, the United States
Government may plead any defense that may be pleaded by a private person in
such an action. The last paragraph of section 1498(a) of title 28 of the United
States Code shall apply to inventions and information covered by this
section.</continuation-text></subsection><subsection id="H6C419264572D4FD0A1CB67629865F6BD"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Remedy</header><text>Before
suit against the United States Government has been instituted, the head of the
agency of the United States Government concerned may settle and pay any claim
arising under the circumstances described in subsection (a). No claim may be
paid under this subsection unless the amount tendered is accepted by the
claimant in full satisfaction.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HBCD4D790B87F435B8CDD809A268B1AA7"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Pharmaceutical
products</header><text>No assistance under this Act may be made available for
the acquisition of any drug product or pharmaceutical product manufactured
outside the United States, if the manufacture of such drug product or
pharmaceutical product in the United States would involve the use of, or be
covered by, an unexpired patent of the United States which has not previously
been held invalid by an unappealed or unappealable judgment or decree of a
court of competent jurisdiction, unless—</text>
<paragraph id="H3DE489F2FBF14267A1795C98ABD805D6"><enum>(1)</enum><text>such manufacture
is expressly authorized by the owner of such patent; or</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H7BABB82A8C4E47B0A1FE77B7367FD8EF"><enum>(2)</enum><text>the President
determines, on a case-by-case basis, that the application of this subsection
would significantly reduce the ability of the United States to save lives and
alleviate human suffering in a developing country.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section id="HAD16E7CAB3CC4E4C863F49BEDDFA451A"><enum>11411.</enum><header>Private and
voluntary organizations and cooperatives</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">Prohibitions on assistance to countries
contained in this or any other Act shall not be construed to prohibit
assistance by the Agency in support of programs of private and voluntary
organizations and cooperatives already being supported prior to the date such
prohibition becomes applicable, if the President determines, and reports to the
appropriate congressional committees within 15 days of making such
determination, that continuation of support for such programs is in the
national interest of the United States, along with the reasons for such
continuation.</text>
</section></chapter><chapter id="H284118CEF24D4A2AB40538E204843FAE"><enum>3</enum><header>Procurement,
disposition, transportation and valuation of articles </header>
<section id="H4031567003274A8393FE8A08DE160150"><enum>11501.</enum><header>Procurement
standards and procedures</header>
<subsection id="H3D91DC0C2A9E4FABA6EE6EB1AC097334"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Limitations on
procurement outside the united states</header><text>Funds made available for
assistance under this Act may be used by the President for procurement—</text>
<paragraph id="HED317F5727904D858FF38BFE2B938B7F"><enum>(1)</enum><text>only in the United
States, the recipient country, or developing countries; or</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H38990F765B7A41528DA75828CFB98BBB"><enum>(2)</enum><text>in any other
country but only if—</text>
<subparagraph id="HA7576D5DB32542D4A72182E7350C949F"><enum>(A)</enum><text>the provision of
such assistance requires articles or services of a type that are not produced
in and available for purchase in any country specified in paragraph (1);
or</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HDBCB7235A9CE41479AB0776CC792941E"><enum>(B)</enum><text>the President
determines that procurement in such other country is necessary—</text>
<clause id="H7717403FC5BE4F8FABBC51463D2528AB"><enum>(i)</enum><text>to
meet unforeseen circumstances, such as emergency situations, where it is
important to permit procurement in a country not specified in paragraph (1);
or</text>
</clause><clause id="H55AA2506F3F84094B0CC9A0356EB3030"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>to
promote efficiency in the use of United States foreign assistance resources,
including to avoid impairment of foreign assistance objectives.</text>
</clause></subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H7C2F2D0F2C9145409B0551EFE99010DE"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Bulk
commodities</header><text>No funds made available under this Act shall be used
for the purchase in bulk of any commodities at prices higher than the market
price prevailing in the United States at the time of purchase, adjusted for
differences in the cost of transportation to destination, quality, and terms of
payment, except to meet unforeseen circumstances, such as emergency
situations.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H47B74F0039F64A9DABB0DFA380409B8C"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Surplus
commodities</header><text>None of the funds made available under this Act shall
be used to establish or expand production of any commodity or extraction of any
mineral for export by a foreign country if—</text>
<paragraph id="H0803A06E859643ABAD78456E1FE5AFAC"><enum>(1)</enum><text>the commodity or
mineral is likely to be in surplus on world markets at the time the resulting
productive or extractive capacity is expected to become operative; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H610EFA578009426AB09603D3EFB06C70"><enum>(2)</enum><text>the assistance
will cause substantial injury to United States producers of the same, similar,
or competing commodity or mineral.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HF9742606FB0847BFA99B5D4CD09F011A"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Exceptions</header><text>The
prohibition contained in subsection (c) shall not apply—</text>
<paragraph id="HC940EADBBB584421A05C45D5AF1F6FEE"><enum>(1)</enum><text>if the President
determines that—</text>
<subparagraph id="HBE6F9FD074D24CF1933DD0C9176CA556"><enum>(A)</enum><text>the benefits to
industry and employment in the United States are likely to outweigh the injury
to United States producers of the same, similar, or competing commodity or
mineral; or</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H96C93A24389E406F93BC06E08936E907"><enum>(B)</enum><text>the foreign
country is a low-income country for which production of the commodity or
extraction of the mineral would contribute substantially to the reduction of
poverty;</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H8BD6BDD6620B4841814F0EFAB09757DC"><enum>(2)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">to activities in a low-income country that
does not export on a consistent basis the commodity or mineral with respect to
which assistance is provided; or</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H7956439D176C42DAA8BADF88E1760475"><enum>(3)</enum><text>to activities in a
country which the President determines is recovering from widespread conflict,
a humanitarian crisis, or a complex emergency.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HE9CDF8E1A1F64218A906DFC4DD8EA93C"><enum>(e)</enum><header>Notification</header><text>The
President shall notify the appropriate congressional committees of a
determination under this section, in accordance with the procedures set forth
in section 9401.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H265F126FD21F4113B239F191500147FD"><enum>(f)</enum><header>Low-Income
country defined</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">In this
section, the term <term>low-income country</term> means a country that is
eligible for assistance from the International Development Association but is
not eligible for assistance from the International Bank for Reconstruction and
Development.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="HF14F0CF059BD462CA35E8739A3FB3AB4"><enum>11502.</enum><header>Local
procurement</header>
<subsection id="HCF147B369B854C0596678AB8062065C2"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Limited
competition</header><text>The Administrator is authorized, using funds made
available under title I, to award contracts and other instruments in which
competition is limited to local entities.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HED715038E44C41959670485ECD81ABA4"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Amount of
awards</header><text>The authority provided in subsection (a) may not be used
to make awards in excess of $5,000,000.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HA2AF374A50B7465F84E06F85F1C05FE8"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Procurements</header><text>The
requirements of section 11501 and similar provisions of law relating to the
procurement of goods and services shall not apply to procurements made under
agreements entered into under the authority of this section.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="H9A07B2C025584B92BBBB2EC7107ABC5A"><enum>11503.</enum><header>United States
competitiveness</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">In order to
ensure maximum competition for contracts receiving funding under this Act, the
President shall establish procedures to ensure that—</text>
<paragraph id="HB64D453B81AC40C4BE269FDB562BE4FF"><enum>(1)</enum><text>all solicitations
under this Act for contracts over $5,000,000, regardless of the location where
the contract is to be performed, are made publicly available on a single,
centralized Internet website;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H1A8418CBE75044C08CB041393392CD64"><enum>(2)</enum><text>in countries with
nonconvertible or highly unstable currencies—</text>
<subparagraph id="HCE19FF02461B4882A847FC3054FD935F"><enum>(A)</enum><text>solicitations may
be bid in United States dollars; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H2A6A26ACA58049D4B86FEBD35B1B458E"><enum>(B)</enum><text>contracts awarded
to United States firms may be paid in United States dollars;</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H5A5B1C1144AF44B3A982BB09BBDD1E94"><enum>(3)</enum><text>United States
diplomatic and consular posts assist United States firms in obtaining local
licenses and permits; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H781ADE5039444C4FA013760E64E2F82C"><enum>(4)</enum><text>United States
firms are not disadvantaged during the solicitation and bid evaluation
process.</text>
</paragraph></section><section id="HEEEE901A2F6A4D56A0EE2B7EE4B56A81"><enum>11504.</enum><header>Small
business</header>
<subsection id="H98FB046390A243599F5BF2B9B93E1B3C"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Insofar as
practicable and to the maximum extent consistent with the accomplishment of the
purposes of this Act, the President shall assist United States small business
to participate equitably in the provision of commodities, articles, and
services (including defense articles and defense services) financed with funds
made available under this Act—</text>
<paragraph id="H3A5B5588A6E847468C6B0D352D33F4C2"><enum>(1)</enum><text>by causing to be
made available to suppliers in the United States, and particularly to small
independent enterprises, information, as far in advance as possible, with
respect to purchases proposed to be financed with such funds;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H774475D8CB614DDFB05D8658BB75FEEF"><enum>(2)</enum><text>by causing to be
made available to prospective purchasers in partner countries information as to
such commodities, articles, and services produced by small independent
enterprises in the United States; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H245CD7B7A41D4C16B7DE8D3DDAE9C02E"><enum>(3)</enum><text>by providing for
additional services to give small business better opportunities to participate
in the provision of such commodities, articles, and services financed with such
funds.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H46C6D8F6CF71475F996D03DBF8AA1256"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Office of Small
and Disadvantaged Business Utilization</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">There shall be an Office of Small and
Disadvantaged Business Utilization within the Agency, and similar offices
within such other agencies as the President may direct, to assist in carrying
out the provisions of subsection (a).</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HDBB3A06E0A21481D9EA1D2E9C919EBDD"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Department of
Defense purchases</header><text>The Secretary of Defense shall ensure that
there is made available to suppliers in the United States, and particularly to
small independent enterprises, information with respect to purchases made by
the Department of Defense pursuant to title IV, such information to be
furnished as far in advance as possible.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="H11AD974F94CC4443BEFB87D6729E5C65"><enum>11505.</enum><header>Allocation or
transfer of funds and reimbursement among agencies</header>
<subsection id="H209756F155724C4B8C990BE4BA03F261"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Allocations or
transfers to agencies</header><text>The President, or with respect to funds
appropriated to any Federal agency, the head of such agency, as the case may
be, may allocate or transfer to any Federal agency any funds available for
providing assistance under this Act, including any advance to the United States
Government by any country or international organization for the procurement of
articles or services. Such funds shall be available for obligation and
expenditure for the purposes for which authorized, in accordance with the
authority pursuant to which they were made available or the authority governing
the activities of the agency to which such funds are allocated or
transferred.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H7D358C01D6C34EF890ACFECDFEE1957C"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Procurement from
other agencies</header>
<paragraph id="H988A19479FB94D6B82C60642B6F7C266"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Authority</header><text>Any
officer of the United States Government carrying out functions under this Act
may utilize any facility of, and may procure any article or service from, any
Federal agency as the President shall direct, or with the consent of the head
of such agency.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H41B7F3DEA31E49CA9865DDB7FED43410"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Separate
account</header><text>Funds allocated pursuant to this subsection to any such
agency may be established in separate appropriation accounts on the books of
the Treasury of the United States.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H4938A9C9F25D456DB7393F85056A2AC2"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Reimbursement to
agencies</header>
<paragraph id="HAD56982A1EF648EA8E5222D30FCF578E"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>In the case of any facility utilized by, or any article
or service procured from, any Federal agency to carry out any provision of this
Act (except as otherwise specifically provided in this Act), reimbursement or
payment shall be made to such agency from funds available to carry out that
provision.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HD00E90E0FDCD4B4F8DCC44745C073B75"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Amount of
reimbursement</header><text>Such reimbursement or payment shall be at—</text>
<subparagraph id="H5D255C18299F4531A4DC9A0BDFF4C0D9"><enum>(A)</enum><text>replacement
cost;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H3B7268F50CB043A79C42965A56768202"><enum>(B)</enum><text>if required by
law, actual cost;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H018083F81A584E97BE3EF6E0B79C7CB5"><enum>(C)</enum><text>in the case of
defense articles procured from the Department of Defense, value as defined in
section 4412, or, if required by law, actual costs;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HA579F7602AC24CAB95F21934531032BE"><enum>(D)</enum><text>in the case of
services procured from the Department of Defense, the amount of the additional
costs incurred by the Department of Defense in providing such services, or, if
required by law, actual costs; or</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H4E5D15BC1A954299BB23016EF3387A02"><enum>(E)</enum><text>at any other cost
agreed to by the owning or disposing agency.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="HCA3E67E45B644A36969C21AD53FA5B3B"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Crediting of
reimbursement</header><text>The amount of any such reimbursement or payment
shall either be credited to current applicable appropriations, funds, or
accounts of such agency, to be available for the same purposes and for the same
time period as the appropriation, fund or account to which transferred, or any
such credited funds shall remain available for such purposes until
expended.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H1424E00E10554D1AB0AE267B134C338E"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Reimbursement to
the department of defense</header><text>Reimbursement or payment to the
Department of Defense under subsection (c) shall exclude salaries of members of
the United States Armed Forces (other than the Coast Guard) and unfunded
estimated costs of civilian retirement and other benefits, unless otherwise
required by law.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HC67F60B385DB4D69A424EFBFAE613A31"><enum>(e)</enum><header>Establishment of
accounts</header>
<paragraph id="HF2FA473C855E4539B7549D0F4A5F7E47"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Authority to
establish; uses</header><text>In furnishing assistance under this Act, accounts
may be established on the books of any Federal agency or, on terms and
conditions approved by the Secretary of the Treasury, in banking institutions
in the United States—</text>
<subparagraph id="HF89698B0CB2044A3A0450A4314B3DD2F"><enum>(A)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">against which letters of commitment may be
issued which shall constitute recordable obligations of the United States
Government, and moneys due or to become due under such letters of commitment
shall be assignable under the last sentence of section 3727(b) and section
3727(c) of title 31, United States Code, and paragraphs (5) and (6) of section
6305(b) of title 41, United States Code; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H8E8C3A7A80924825B0BE51273D8FD7CB"><enum>(B)</enum><text>from which
disbursements may be made to, or withdrawals may be made by, recipient
countries or agencies, organizations, or persons upon presentation of
contracts, invoices, or other appropriate documentation.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H7980D0F5147C42EDBB450D328C16CBE9"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Accounting for
expenditures</header><text>Expenditure of funds that have been made available
through accounts established under paragraph (1) shall be accounted for on
standard documentation required for expenditure of funds of the United States
Government.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HEC90C68E85A640619B018CFB6DBFC052"><enum>(f)</enum><header>Responsibility
of agencies</header>
<paragraph id="HE14B730403C84097A3ECA4BB7D854E2A"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>The agency to which funds are transferred or allocated
pursuant to the authority of subsection (a), or any comparable provision of
law, shall be the agency responsible for the management and use of such
funds.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HDC712EDFE95242EF8E94175FB81AF73B"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Audit</header><text>Any
agreement for the transfer or allocation of such funds shall expressly provide
that the Office of the Inspector General for the agency receiving the transfer
or allocation shall perform periodic program and financial audits of the use of
those funds. Funds transferred or allocated pursuant to subsection (a) may be
used for the cost of such audits.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section id="H15F3DC35381F40AA98557A29E7538B6E"><enum>11506.</enum><header>Retention and
use of certain items and funds</header>
<subsection id="H75799CA5572C44ADB82C6247C2EBD8A7"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Retention and
use of certain articles</header>
<paragraph id="H0B71D1D93254469496F1EEB312417273"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Authority to
retain, transfer, and use</header><text>Any articles procured to carry out this
Act shall be retained by, or (upon reimbursement) transferred to and for the
use of, such Federal agency as the President deems appropriate in lieu of being
disposed of to a foreign country or international organization, whenever in the
judgment of the President the best interests of the United States will be
served thereby.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H56A3E9DA415C4BB89F3C0D34C4670992"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Laws governing
disposal of government property</header><text>Any articles so retained may be
disposed of without regard to provisions of law relating to the disposal of
property owned by the United States Government, when necessary to prevent
spoilage or wastage of such articles or to conserve their usefulness.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HDCAF8802E19A4DDEB07ECF430AC57402"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Proceeds
credited to appropriations</header><text>Funds realized from any disposal or
transfer of any articles shall revert to the respective appropriation, fund, or
account used to procure such articles or to the appropriation, fund, or account
currently available for the same general purpose, and shall remain available
until expended.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H1F6BA3B8FEF44F67B52CD3BFA4B8D68F"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Articles
received as payment</header><text>Whenever articles are transferred to the
United States Government as repayment of assistance under this Act or the
Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (as in effect on the day before the date of the
enactment of this Act), such articles may be used in furtherance of the
purposes and within the limitations of this Act.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H5C76805736CC4283863B6987259366B5"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Failed
transactions</header><text>Funds realized as a result of any failure of a
transaction financed under this Act to conform to the requirements of this Act,
to applicable rules and regulations of the United States Government, or to the
terms of any agreement or contract entered into under this Act, shall revert to
the respective appropriation, fund, or account used to finance such transaction
or to the appropriation, fund, or account currently available for the same
general purpose.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H58E42FBC0ACA4D7787909BFE58CF52CD"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Disposal of
defense articles</header><text>Funds realized by the United States Government
from the sale, transfer, or disposal of defense articles furnished under
chapter 2 of part II of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (as in effect on the
day before the date of the enactment of this Act), and no longer needed for the
purposes for which furnished, shall be credited to the respective
appropriation, fund, or account currently available for the same general
purpose.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="H7329984E3B2B453899C3211281C65156"><enum>11507.</enum><header>Foreign and
domestic excess property</header>
<subsection id="HAD2405EE0CDD435383CC25DECF41F4BC"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Policy regarding
use of excess and other available property</header><text>In furnishing
assistance under this Act—</text>
<paragraph id="H6CF6401F8EE64D67A299E57C48C8218E"><enum>(1)</enum><text>excess personal
property, or</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H0D494722631243DFBD434B0E5A61071D"><enum>(2)</enum><text>if a substantial
savings would occur, other property already owned by a Federal agency,</text>
</paragraph><continuation-text continuation-text-level="subsection">may be
utilized wherever practicable in lieu of or supplementary to the procurement of
new items for United States-assisted projects and programs.</continuation-text></subsection><subsection id="HFC96B7C84A78446C9DAE935BDF7AA0C6"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Authority To use
certain property for assistance purposes</header><text>The President is
authorized to use funds made available under this Act to acquire—</text>
<paragraph id="H6052E2E630D342FCA98FF395C493B06B"><enum>(1)</enum><text>property
classified as domestic or foreign excess pursuant to the Federal Property and
Administrative Services Act of 1949 (40 U.S.C. 471 and following),</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H3A58F56EDC254429982FE0D2E54A2479"><enum>(2)</enum><text>any property
available from a Federal agency, or</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H36C547EE5F3A47A199424D2E88DCD7B4"><enum>(3)</enum><text>other
property,</text>
</paragraph><continuation-text continuation-text-level="subsection">for use of
such property as assistance in furtherance of the purposes of this Act.
Property acquired pursuant to this section may be furnished pursuant to any
provision of this Act for which funds are authorized for the furnishing of
assistance, and shall be subject to the same conditions and restrictions that
apply to funds so authorized.</continuation-text></subsection><subsection id="H79E5737725174B719BAE724693809DEC"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Separate
account</header>
<paragraph id="H032584F408B347CCA424473842267CBC"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>The President is authorized for purposes described in
subsection (b) to maintain in a separate account funds made available under
this Act, free from fiscal year limitations (notwithstanding section 1535(d) of
title 31, United States Code) to pay costs (including personnel costs) of
acquisition and storage (including in advance of known requirements),
renovation and rehabilitation, packing, crating, handling, transportation, and
related costs of handling and providing such property as assistance.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H1CED1DAF659A4FDBBE91582A59B509BF"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Repayment</header><text>The
separate account established pursuant to this section may be repaid from funds
made available pursuant to any provision of this Act for which funds are
authorized for the furnishing of assistance for all costs incurred.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H99A7A1D9533048FAA15BF59947861842"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Conditions on
use of excess property</header>
<paragraph id="HF09B72EAC9E44881B24AD110AC1084FE"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Limitation</header><text>Government-owned
excess property may not be made available for use under this Act unless
approval is given and a determination is made in accordance with paragraph
(2)—</text>
<subparagraph id="H064924CC86894E489E52AD68D94F653E"><enum>(A)</enum><text>before the
shipment of such property for use in a specified country; or</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HDEE262B7D8C64F7C9A2334E2A55C89EB"><enum>(B)</enum><text>if the property is
already in such country, before the transfer of the property.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H5DC84EEBC26B452EBE4A142B6B3F3ABA"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Determination</header><text>A
shipment or transfer subject to paragraph (1) may take place only after the
President approves the shipment or transfer and makes a written
determination—</text>
<subparagraph id="HECECB0B53F6242D79C2D0127620413C3"><enum>(A)</enum><text>that there is a
need for such property in the quantity requested and that such property is
suitable for the purpose requested;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HF1A8429968844D2699FF8B01A730E7BA"><enum>(B)</enum><text>that the
designated end-user has agreed to use and maintain such property effectively,
and has the ability to do so; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HC011AEC0EAC7486DA8C2236DEB60516B"><enum>(C)</enum><text>that the residual
value, serviceability, and appearance of such property would not reflect
unfavorably on the image of the United States and would justify the costs of
packing, crating, handling, transportation, and other accessorial costs, and
that the residual value at least equals the total of these costs.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H9C1571F960704A0890EC6F802EDADF2F"><enum>(e)</enum><header>Nonapplicability
to department of defense</header><text>This section shall not apply—</text>
<paragraph id="HE1D9DB7AB895466CBD7B1CFD4ACB1532"><enum>(1)</enum><text>with respect to
excess defense articles; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H56D707DAD4E44EB6A0B42052EEBB5473"><enum>(2)</enum><text>with respect to
funds made available for assistance under this Act that is administered through
the Department of Defense.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section id="H29E25210359240F795B08AB46EC05C2B"><enum>11508.</enum><header>Ocean freight
differential</header>
<subsection id="H3BDBF22D3E95476ABE4E8389EB528013"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Shipping
differential</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">For purposes of
facilitating implementation of section 901(b) of the Merchant Marine Act, 1936
(46 U.S.C. app. 1241(b)), funds made available for the purposes of this Act may
be used to pay for all or any portion of the differential between United States
and foreign-flag vessel charter or freight rates.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H7283BA8BE31442B08CC3BDABACCDA575"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Determinations</header><text>The
amount of the differential between United States and foreign-flag vessel
charter or freight rates shall be determined by the Secretary of
Transportation, or in the case of food assistance, by the Secretary of
Transportation in consultation with the Secretary of Agriculture and the
Administrator.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H83885B6D838C4785979E024DD78DD956"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Use of foreign
currencies</header><text>Payments under this section shall be made in United
States-owned foreign currencies wherever feasible.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HAF7B0C64A5A24B3F9BE52F7AE229522E"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Certain laws not
applicable</header><text>The ocean transportation between foreign countries of
commodities purchased with foreign currencies made available or derived from
funds made available under this Act or the Agricultural Trade Development and
Assistance Act of 1954 (7 U.S.C. 1691 and following), or any predecessor Acts,
and transfers of fresh fruit and fresh fruit products under this Act, shall not
be governed by section 901(b) of the Merchant Marine Act, 1936 (46 U.S.C. app.
1241(b)), or any other law relating to the ocean transportation of commodities
on United States flag vessels.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="H375B0E3E72F34EF893D2D8E755D5255F"><enum>11509.</enum><header>Use of
aircraft for additional purposes</header>
<subsection id="HD89100BC722444A5B9B3081E44A8A606"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Transfer
authority</header>
<paragraph id="HB3D0522DA1AA4D09BE80711D607C71FC"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>Aircraft procured for narcotics control purposes with
funds made available under this Act, the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (as in
effect on the day before the date of the enactment of this Act), or any Act
making appropriations for the Department of State, foreign operations, and
related programs, may be used for any other program, country or region,
including for the transportation of Civilian Response Corps personnel and
equipment during a deployment.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H4CE1B4A2D13E45B49334DAED96305AB5"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Rule of
construction</header><text>The authority of paragraph (1) may be exercised
notwithstanding section 5207 or any other provision of law precluding the use
of aircraft described in paragraph (1).</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H8B9B39A315604F5AB486714348DEDFD6"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Determination
required</header><text>The authority provided in subsection (a) may be
exercised only if the Secretary determines that—</text>
<paragraph id="H830B5C15E836498AB89635003E3D05D2"><enum>(1)</enum><text>the such aircraft
is no longer required to meet programmatic purposes in the originally
designated program, country, or region, or</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H0A567FEFAF8C466DBBADA3039ACAD653"><enum>(2)</enum><text>there is an
emergency need for such aircraft in another program, country or region.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HD6EB98F18D8643F5BC0F89A204BF9CC0"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Notification</header><text>The
appropriate congressional committees shall be notified—</text>
<paragraph id="H441CD0B564C94A19AFB12A437725378F"><enum>(1)</enum><text>of a determination
under subsection (b); and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H63E9B1DFB02645A0A7D320F7AF1D29E3"><enum>(2)</enum><text>prior to a
transfer under subsection (a).</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H31478E0A86AC43A7B85168160AB24C24"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Aircraft
coordination and use</header>
<paragraph id="HB62B1150F8F4475BB45F5EC5C69084C2"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>Aircraft purchased or leased by the Department of State
or the United States Agency for International Development under this Act, the
Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (as in effect on the day before the date of the
enactment of this Act), or any Act making appropriations for the Department of
State, foreign operations, and related programs shall be—</text>
<subparagraph id="HB806E9CEBCC845CC97B770C29C8F7B6C"><enum>(A)</enum><text>coordinated by the
relevant Chief of Mission;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HD807F10D65C1475589CD6924EF039466"><enum>(B)</enum><text>made available for
the transportation of personnel supporting the programs and activities of the
Department of State or the United States Agency for International Development,
as the case may be; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H0E8158D943D24D7CA4848DC55BFE9708"><enum>(C)</enum><text>made available for
official travel for other agencies for other purposes on a reimbursable basis,
or without reimbursement when traveling on a space-available basis.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="HE1DB2DD9DC2249C1AD55BC7DDE00350A"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Rule of
construction</header><text>The authority of paragraph (1) may be exercised
notwithstanding section 5207 or any other provision of law precluding the use
of aircraft described in paragraph (1).</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section id="H3D69F87C1BAA473DAA0F77BA1C8C03E2"><enum>11510.</enum><header>Streamlining
and review of procurement process</header>
<subsection id="HB2604AA3E3D446F8A131B6890EC695EA"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Streamlining
procedures</header><text>To streamline the process for making awards, the
Administrator should—</text>
<paragraph id="HBB44D4148BEF4C4EA12C53278FF79784"><enum>(1)</enum><text>create simplified
solicitations, structured scopes of work, standardized proposals and assistance
templates, and joint funding models under which multiple offices and agencies
can fund integrated programs;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H4D988CEF1649498191F427AA2B17F8DB"><enum>(2)</enum><text>consider
pre-qualification short-lists to reduce award time;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H41ACBFC35744492B990E32221EA1EC09"><enum>(3)</enum><text>improve training
for contracting and procurement personnel;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H386D646601D84947B88EF7DACDF2294D"><enum>(4)</enum><text>increase
transparency on anticipated activities;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H46088D18FB064E11A5C159836597D3B6"><enum>(5)</enum><text>improve
consultation with the public and with private partners; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HE017D17D544F4249A23581EE3CF38D84"><enum>(6)</enum><text>establish an
office to advocate on behalf of small nongovernmental organizations.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H75752FBBD7E545ABBA91946BD5F86363"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Acquisitions and
assistance</header><text>To ensure the appropriate balance and use of
acquisitions and assistance instruments, the Administrator shall—</text>
<paragraph id="H88580D652B494EDE94C3E4D461B07C20"><enum>(1)</enum><text>issue a policy and
guidelines regarding the use and application of each type of instrument,
including the responsibility of personnel of the Agency with respect to the
administration of each type of instrument;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HF9D0CCBA7E944DE3B569C32C09272DA8"><enum>(2)</enum><text>make such
guidelines public;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H609F370568CA451C8C118335299FDE15"><enum>(3)</enum><text>ensure that Agency
personnel receive adequate training on the use and application of each type of
instrument; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H03DE2578F6C34398B2708AE53FFF1006"><enum>(4)</enum><text>review and update,
as necessary, such policy and guidelines in light of recommendations received
by the committee established under subsection (c).</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H4D25EF2DC1CF4F2B965080D58BD4247E"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Operational
issues review committee</header><text>The Administrator should convene an
Advisory Committee, pursuant to the Federal Advisory Committee Act, to—</text>
<paragraph id="HAEDA9DAA936142938D4FBD514596669E"><enum>(1)</enum><text>assist in updating
Agency procedures and regulations to improve speed, transparency, and
relevance;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H3D76691A6D094A4CB15193890B36E9E5"><enum>(2)</enum><text>review the
procedures, policy and guidelines developed under subsections (a) and (b);
and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H7B8A7F86D30E45EEB815CB7A165FCAC7"><enum>(3)</enum><text>provide advice and
guidance on other operational issues, as appropriate.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H48282748A1B644659F626B3252C91C0A"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Harmonization of
procurement rules</header><text>The Administrator shall convene a working
group, incorporating representatives of all Federal agencies carrying out
activities under title I, to harmonize rules, regulations, policies and
practices regarding procurement.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H4DB8052F298A4A15BCB741BD55EC128B"><enum>(e)</enum><header>Rulemaking
procedures</header><text>The Administrator shall apply the same rulemaking
procedures to policies regarding assistance instruments as are applied to
policies regarding acquisition instruments, and shall ensure that all such
procedures are carried out in compliance with section 533 of title 5, United
States Code.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="HD9A5558B98474A8F84CD2864C5CC8DC4"><enum>11511.</enum><header>Overseas
procurement flexibility</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">Section 3 of the State Department Basic
Authorities Act of 1956 (22 U.S.C. 2670) is amended by—</text>
<paragraph id="H9884838103A04E60B748EADF9E129B7E"><enum>(1)</enum><text>in subsection (l),
by striking <quote>and</quote> at the end;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H36BDB3D941E7404F876C8D4926AAE23F"><enum>(2)</enum><text>in subsection (m),
by striking the period at the end and inserting <quote>; and</quote>;
and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H44E7CF82794841FAB86326747F8B734D"><enum>(3)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">by adding at the end the following new
subsection:</text>
<quoted-block id="H9F99EBB98A5D4616A44721912AE38848" style="OLC">
<subsection id="H417B6ED727EF4B98BE0EDC67E3EEF1CC"><enum>(n)</enum><text>make and carry out
contracts for procurement outside the United States of goods or services needed
for the operation of United States diplomatic and consular posts and related
facilities outside the United States, provided that—</text>
<paragraph id="HA292EACFDF8A499DA2B42207FC48A9F8"><enum>(1)</enum><text>laws of the United
States relating to the negotiation, making, contents or performance of
government contracts for goods or services, and advance payments and
indemnification in relation to such contracts shall apply with respect to such
contracts except to the extent that the Secretary determines (other than for
purposes of chapter 21 of title 41, United States Code) that the Secretary
could not reasonably meet the need of a post or facility for such goods and
services by use of authority available to the Secretary under a law under this
subsection;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H6715584658C142818CAC89A35E222997"><enum>(2)</enum><text>the Secretary
shall—</text>
<subparagraph id="H5367160CAF824C75A46730DB52F213D6"><enum>(A)</enum><text>issue guidance
addressing use of this authority; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H0B13D7013E0F4D80BE532754731330A5"><enum>(B)</enum><text>require written
approval to waive specific laws or procurement regulations under this authority
by the Procurement Executive (without further delegation); and</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H48AFE2CB9C3C45DB84E4D68E0374DCA7"><enum>(3)</enum><text>no individual
contract action entered into under this authority shall exceed $2,000,000
unless approved in writing by the Chief Acquisition Officer of the Department
(without further
delegation).</text>
</paragraph></subsection><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block>
</paragraph></section><section id="HDF67916EB57242B4928A592EAB7594B9"><enum>11512.</enum><header>Local guard
contracts abroad</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">Section
136(c)(3) of the Foreign Relations Authorization Act, Fiscal Years 1990 and
1991 (22 U.S.C. 4864(c)(3)) is amended to read as follows:</text>
<quoted-block id="H830CE0EFD57443949F1F1ED39DCC802F" style="OLC">
<paragraph id="HEDD18FF0AE224963AA3CFDCAE95C006C"><enum>(3)</enum><text>in evaluating
proposals for such contracts, award contracts to technically acceptable firms
offering the lowest evaluated price, except that—</text>
<subparagraph id="H79D8E0DD73F449AB85E4AE09E043AFB9"><enum>(A)</enum><text>the Secretary may
grant authorization to award contracts on the basis of best value as determined
by a cost-technical tradeoff analysis; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H0AC2B823160F4523A9A72C3867E61D39"><enum>(B)</enum><text>proposals received
from United States persons and qualified United States joint venture persons
(as defined in subsection (d) of this section) shall be evaluated by reducing
the bid price by 10
percent.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block>
</section><section id="H225A652AEA644B9EB3E065AC43BD7171"><enum>11513.</enum><header>Authority to
pay transportation costs</header>
<subsection id="H1DDA481DDA6A4162B7905B0F29325397"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">In order to further
the efficient use of United States voluntary contributions for alleviating
human suffering, the Administrator is authorized to use funds made available
for the purposes of title I to pay transportation charges on shipments of
humanitarian goods by United States private and voluntary organizations.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H6EA3045CA09D4CDCAE7638E7A097772B"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Reimbursements</header><text>Reimbursement
under this section may be provided for transportation charges on shipments from
United States ports, or in the case of excess or surplus property supplied by
the United States from foreign ports, to ports of entry abroad or to points of
entry abroad in cases—</text>
<paragraph id="H41DA479A09D742C6893A4338B52B46A8"><enum>(1)</enum><text>of landlocked
countries;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H70A816ABFA94458C8C78263F7699CF6A"><enum>(2)</enum><text>where ports cannot
be used effectively because of natural or other disturbances;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H401690470CFC4CA38F56A0B24C8BE1C4"><enum>(3)</enum><text>where carriers to
a specified country are unavailable; or</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H3673A73EC12847489BBBFD29A6613F1C"><enum>(4)</enum><text>where a
substantial savings in costs or time can be effected by the utilization of
points of entry other than ports.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H40E2D2AE7F394EE8BFED826785D0C533"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Defraying
transportation costs</header><text>Where practicable, the President shall make
arrangements with the receiving country for free entry of such shipments and
for the making available by the country of local currencies for the purpose of
defraying the transportation costs of such shipments from the port or point of
entry of the receiving country to the designated shipping point of the
consignee.</text>
</subsection></section></chapter><chapter id="H90E43777EA624A0DAC7EBA70D0C03537"><enum>4</enum><header>Use
of foreign currencies</header>
<section id="HD2C842B3D03746D5906B8053090C8090"><enum>11601.</enum><header>Separate
accounts for local currencies</header>
<subsection id="H32379E77BFB14BD7B6014B764C2F2DDA"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>The Administrator shall require that any local currencies
generated as a result of agreements with a foreign government regarding the use
of economic assistance or development assistance are deposited in a separate
account established by that government.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H61AC3AA77BDC4C3BA397252A686A6959"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Agreements</header><text>A
separate account under subsection (a) shall be established pursuant to an
agreement between the United States Agency for International Development and
the foreign government which sets forth—</text>
<paragraph id="H98A9D5B410CB450589D66028D9D97AE8"><enum>(1)</enum><text>the amount of the
local currencies to be generated;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H04A2332A9A9449F18498D07CA3C2A6B4"><enum>(2)</enum><text>the terms and
conditions under which the currencies so deposited may be utilized, consistent
with this section; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H0BAF5E7C0C534D43BF7AF8F870412327"><enum>(3)</enum><text>the
responsibilities of the Agency and the foreign government to monitor and
account for deposits into and disbursements from the separate account.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H8D9FD4AF72B34E608C89765AEFA3D52A"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Uses of local
currencies</header><text>Local currencies deposited in a separate account
pursuant to subsection (a), or an equivalent amount of local currencies, shall
be used only—</text>
<paragraph id="HB34B03AD79394CF092C85FDB1311AB15"><enum>(1)</enum><text>to further the
goals and objectives of title I; or</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H648ECB95965E4A1A8E06DACDEFF44078"><enum>(2)</enum><text>for the
administrative requirements of the United States Government.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H40694A9B9A884802AD3F3A262ED65AD4"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Termination of
assistance programs</header><text>Upon termination of economic assistance to a
country, any unencumbered balances of funds which remain in a separate account
established pursuant to subsection (a) shall be disposed of for such purposes
as may be agreed to by the government of that country and the United States
Government.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HC373D94795054F96AA8BBD3CD833B40C"><enum>(e)</enum><header>Reporting
requirement</header><text>The Administrator shall include in the annual
congressional budget justification documents submitted pursuant to section 9302
a report on the amounts and uses of local currency (and United States dollar
equivalent) in each applicable country.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="H6297777ED27A463888211920B92FF4C6"><enum>11602.</enum><header>Use of
certain foreign currencies</header>
<subsection id="H83F31BD378CE4D2483629F14E6B661C9"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Authority To use
foreign currencies for assistance programs</header><text>Except as otherwise
provided in this Act or other provisions of law, foreign currencies described
in subsection (b) that are owned by the United States Government are authorized
to be appropriated for use in providing assistance under this Act.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HF9C6ED904CF646C19A0EE456AF542953"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Foreign
currencies that may be used for assistance</header><text>The foreign currencies
that may be used under subsection (a) are any foreign currencies received as a
result of the furnishing of assistance under this Act (or any predecessor Acts
authorizing non-military assistance), other than assistance administered
through the Department of Defense, that are in excess of—</text>
<paragraph id="H9DDBA8436847439089B11B83DCFB16B2"><enum>(1)</enum><text>the amounts
reserved under authority of section 105(d) of the Mutual Educational and
Cultural Exchange Act of 1961 or any other Act relating to educational and
cultural exchanges; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HC3FE187E7CDD47528D2AC2F98E0A9889"><enum>(2)</enum><text>the amounts
required for payment by the agencies of the United States Government of their
obligations outside the United States, as such requirements may be established
from time to time by the President.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H1F240109C83A4F2BAEB839B32947004A"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Payment of
obligations of government agencies</header><text>Foreign currencies described
in subsection (b) that are in excess of the amounts described in paragraph (1)
of that subsection may be sold by the Secretary of the Treasury to agencies of
the United States Government for payment of their obligations outside the
United States.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H5FF84ACC77BB4E3C99084E5914B0FA48"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Use of foreign
currencies not owned by the united states government</header><text>With the
concurrence of the relevant inspector general, the use of foreign currencies
that accrue or are otherwise available as a result of assistance provided under
this Act (including predecessor Acts) that are not owned by the United States
Government, shall be the responsibility of the government owning such
currencies to audit.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="H1F0A891363D34AE6A932645BE0D3407D"><enum>11603.</enum><header>Accounting
and valuation of foreign currencies</header>
<subsection id="HA5784797AB3D4A7DB4E2055D0A232A76"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Responsibility
of secretary of the treasury</header><text>Under the direction of the
President, the Secretary of the Treasury shall have responsibility for
valuation and central accounting with respect to foreign credits (including
currencies) owed to or owned by the United States. In order to carry out such
responsibility, the Secretary shall issue regulations binding upon all agencies
of the United States Government.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HB9A9EE02641E42F4B869D17218DB08AA"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Sole
authority</header><text>The Secretary of the Treasury shall have sole authority
to establish for all foreign currencies or credits the exchange rates at which
such currencies are to be reported by all agencies of the Government.</text>
</subsection></section></chapter></subtitle><subtitle id="H2F4ECD2777E545E1A1BD77900DD7E0C2"><enum>C</enum><header>Human
resources</header>
<chapter id="H552266799DD7463B9FF91CA75694F451"><enum>1</enum><header>Personnel and
benefits </header>
<section id="H44FA1997DC184C77A3F0B5EC60E63609"><enum>11701.</enum><header>Employment of
personnel</header>
<subsection id="H6901D599D55F451996D9B48E9BFB9CBE"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Authority</header><text>Any
Federal agency or Federal officer carrying out functions under this Act is
authorized to employ such Federal personnel as the President deems necessary to
carry out the provisions and purposes of this Act.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H5FEF17A282D041E3998AE189A8CB411F"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Assistance
functions in the united states</header>
<paragraph id="HA2972FE913C74981B264A32C654D49F3"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Appointments and
removal without regard to certain civil service laws</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Not more than 110 employees of the United
States Agency for International Development in the United States may be
appointed or removed without regard to the provisions of title 5, United States
Code, governing appointments in the competitive service, and may be compensated
without regard to the provisions of chapter 51 or subchapter III of chapter 53
of such title, subject to paragraph (2) of this subsection.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H62D95032BD404C1E95371A3DB02990B7"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Compensation</header><text>Of
the employees appointed under paragraph (1), 51 may be compensated at rates
higher than those payable for GS–15 of the General Schedule under section 5332
of title 5, United States Code, but not in excess of the highest rate payable
under section 5376 of such title.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HDDD1FF4F496B4DB99D9F849353DB27AA"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Reinstatement
rights</header><text>Under such regulations as the President may prescribe, any
individual employed under paragraph (1) may be entitled, upon removal (except
for cause) from the position to which the appointment was made, to
reinstatement to the position occupied by that individual at the time of
appointment or to a position of comparable grade and pay.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H0941BDC7369D44F9AAE798CC66A873E6"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Department of
defense functions in the united states</header><text>Of the personnel employed
in the United States by the Department of Defense to carry out this Act not to
exceed 8 may be compensated at rates higher than those payable for GS–15 of the
General Schedule under section 5332 of title 5, United States Code, but not in
excess of the highest rate payable under section 5376 of such title. Such
positions shall be in addition to those authorized by law to be filled by
Presidential appointment, and in addition to the number authorized by section
5108 of title 5, United States Code.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H1A0669C37F794B4C9C6818A5BE28E6C3"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Performance of
functions outside the united states</header>
<paragraph id="H6E5E1D8DC242447FB87AD0FE78ECE7C2"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Authority to
employ or assign</header><text>For the purpose of performing functions under
this Act outside the United States, the President may—</text>
<subparagraph id="H5BC11056390F497A91701D2A60420B23"><enum>(A)</enum><text>employ or assign
individuals; or</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H6BF49F1E8589476B8669D4DFADE39293"><enum>(B)</enum><text>authorize the
employment or assignment of Federal employees that are not authorized to
utilize the Foreign Service personnel system.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H573D689C603446B2B8E5D6412725461D"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Compensation</header><text>Individuals
employed or assigned under paragraph (1) shall receive compensation at any of
the rates provided for under section 402 or section 403 of the Foreign Service
Act of 1980, or under chapter 53 of title 5, United States Code, or at any
other rate authorized by law, together with allowances and benefits under the
Foreign Service Act of 1980.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H268C2E55F2F24E66A1E9768E4D3ED446"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Reemployment
rights</header><text>Individuals so employed or assigned shall be entitled to
the same benefits as are provided by section 310 of the Foreign Service Act of
1980 for individuals appointed to the Foreign Service, except to the extent
that the President may specify otherwise in cases in which the period of
employment or assignment exceeds 30 months.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section commented="no" id="HEE5DD852E9DF4C6BB63A8BFCCC803A14"><enum>11702.</enum><header>Experts and
consultants</header>
<subsection commented="no" id="HA647B2AD05E140D0BE066E927C8A7C8D"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Authority To
employ</header><text>Experts and consultants or organizations thereof may, in
accordance with section 3109 of title 5, United States Code, be employed for
the performance of functions under this Act.</text>
</subsection><subsection commented="no" id="H89DAE1EC15574575B520F034CCEFC1DC"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Rates of
compensation</header><text>Individuals employed under the authority of
subsection (a) may be compensated at rates not in excess of the daily
equivalent of the highest rate payable under section 5332 of title 5, United
States Code, and while away from their homes or regular places of business,
they may be paid actual travel expenses and per diem in lieu of subsistence at
rates not in excess of those prescribed by the standardized Government travel
regulations.</text>
</subsection><subsection commented="no" id="H23FA58DEC94A49E78D9E32B764537BB5"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Mandatory
retirement age not applicable</header><text>The service of an individual as an
expert or consultant under subsection (a) shall not be considered to be
employment or holding of office or position for purposes of applying the
provisions of section 3323(a) of title 5, United States Code, to the
individual.</text>
</subsection><subsection commented="no" id="HF8AE1EFF250149C5BB92C042FB6EF36B"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Employment of
certain persons without compensation</header><text>Persons of outstanding
experience and ability may be employed without compensation by any Federal
agency for the performance of functions under this Act in accordance with the
provisions of section 710(b) of the Defense Production Act of 1950 (50 U.S.C.
App. 2160(b)), and regulations issued thereunder.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="H29672F72A31C4E8AA26C22A9384DBCC0"><enum>11703.</enum><header>Prohibition
of discrimination against Federal personnel</header>
<subsection id="HCDB13F9209C847BA8F308DFB25672784"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Assignment of
personnel</header>
<paragraph id="H0003CDBCEF9D44C18D147228544D70BD"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>The President shall not take into account, in assigning
Federal personnel to carry out the provisions of this Act, the individual’s
race, sex, religion, national origin, sexual orientation, or gender identity.
Such assignments shall be made solely on the basis of ability and relevant
experience.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H627D52F459A94FF2B39A31AB107E8077"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Prohibition on
consideration of exclusionary policies or practices</header><text>No agency
performing functions under this Act shall, in employing or assigning Federal
personnel to participate in the performance of any such function, whether in
the United States or abroad, take into account the exclusionary policies or
practices of any foreign government where such policies or practices are based
upon race, sex, religion, national origin, sexual orientation or gender
identity.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H1752EB39D61442C29BB949AFCBDA4585"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Contracts</header><text>Each
contract entered into by any such agency for the performance of any function
under this Act shall contain a provision to the effect that no person,
partnership, corporation, or other entity performing functions pursuant to such
contract, shall, in employing or assigning personnel to participate in the
performance of any such function, whether in the United States or abroad, take
into account the exclusionary policies or practices of any foreign government
where such policies or practices are based upon race, sex, religion, national
origin, sexual orientation, or gender identity.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H72AFE1BFA84448DA85832E007413F5FA"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Exclusion by
foreign countries</header><text>Except as provided in subsection (c), no
assistance may be provided under this Act to any government or organization
that excludes, as a matter of law, regulation, policy or practice, any United
States person (as defined in section 7701(a)(30) of the Internal Revenue Code
of 1986) from participating in the furnishing of assistance under this Act on
the basis of sex, race, religion, national origin, sexual orientation or gender
identity.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HECEAF5AD906F4762890258ACF9A30693"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Exception</header><text>The
President may provide assistance notwithstanding the prohibition in subsection
(b) if the President—</text>
<paragraph id="H3F5059570AC141538A2A3020090C2438"><enum>(1)</enum><text>determines that,
notwithstanding such exclusion,—</text>
<subparagraph id="HDBDD3ED884F44884BF9170BFB80B5DA6"><enum>(A)</enum><text>extraordinary
circumstances exist which necessitate the provision of such assistance;
and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H6AEBD67E736447B699B088EE030F236B"><enum>(B)</enum><text>it is in the
national interest of the United States to provide such assistance; and</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H8921743EAA2A4DFE94A4EEA7AAB549B6"><enum>(2)</enum><text>transmits to the
appropriate congressional committees, prior to providing such assistance, a
report detailing—</text>
<subparagraph id="H6E7997A9661A49CC9E9DB7F67BA8B82C"><enum>(A)</enum><text>the facts and
circumstances of such exclusion;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H5D91EAE83A48435C9CD8A607E84A40AF"><enum>(B)</enum><text>the response
thereto on the part of the United States Government or any agency or personnel
thereof;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HF7E3FB687BB4424DBCE668317BF17AA0"><enum>(C)</enum><text>the result of such
response, if any;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HC274A4B585EA4CD7B0C5D4A03B10C437"><enum>(D)</enum><text>the extraordinary
circumstances which necessitate the provision of such assistance; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H3A0688CAAEC4435B9BED4C4DA016C95F"><enum>(E)</enum><text>the nature and
amount of the assistance to be provided notwithstanding such exclusion.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></subsection></section><section id="H6054D19D531341B79C319F6340841F0C"><enum>11704.</enum><header>Foreign
service limited appointments</header>
<subsection id="HC2ADAC32AD574D448C48E7B7613539C1"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Authority To
hire and employ</header><text>The Administrator is authorized to hire and
employ up to 200 individuals in the United States and overseas on a limited
appointment basis pursuant to the authority of sections 308 and 309 of the
Foreign Service Act of 1980.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H9906D68AE4CF442C9E061DC9D2EB2C58"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Conditions</header><text>The
authority of subsection (a) may only be used to the extent that an equivalent
number of positions that are filled by personal services contractors or other
nondirect hire personnel of the United States Agency for International
Development are eliminated.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H25FFB8313A7F4FF9AFF8CA2E42B629DF"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Priority
sectors</header><text>In exercising the authority of this section, primary
emphasis shall be placed on enabling the United States Agency for International
Development to meet personnel needs in technical skill areas currently
encumbered by personal services contractors or other non-direct hire
personnel.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H8DB58F95CE3A470EB5D45EACEA19ABB3"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Extensions</header><text>Individuals
hired and employed by the United States Agency for International Development
pursuant to the authority of section 309 of the Foreign Service Act of 1980 may
be extended for a period of up to 4 years notwithstanding the limitation set
forth in such section.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="HF0085B0269A646A8A0D0D6ED03953DD4"><enum>11705.</enum><header>Technical
advisors</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">The Administrator is
authorized to use funds made available to carry out title I to reimburse
Federal agencies, agencies of State governments, institutions of higher
education, and private and voluntary organizations for the full cost of
individuals (including for the personal services of such individuals) detailed
or assigned to, or contracted by, as the case may be, the United States Agency
for International Development for the purpose of carrying out this Act.</text>
</section><section id="H8FDDA04F1E2841DB8A33501B475E0D89"><enum>11706.</enum><header>Personal
services contractors for USAID</header>
<subsection id="HF08789A445A04D59A76537CE1D853D04"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Employment
outside the united states</header><text>The Administrator is authorized to
employ personal services contractors outside the United States to carry out the
purposes of this Act.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H10B789376C0244CDAAC2BC6EE212D887"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Employment in
the united states</header><text>The Administrator is authorized to employ up to
40 personal services contractors in the United States, notwithstanding any
other provision of law, for the purpose of providing direct, interim support
for new or expanded overseas programs and activities managed by the United
States Agency for International Development until permanent direct hire
personnel are hired and trained.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HDF93F8BFDAAB4AB6B4496D575B1CD685"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Considered as
operating expenses</header><text>The salaries and expenses of individuals hired
under the authority of subsection (b) shall be considered as operating expenses
of the United States Agency for International Development and subject to the
limitations of section 11301, except that the Administrator may use funds made
available to carry out title II of the Agricultural Trade Development and
Assistance Act of 1954 for personal services contractors assigned to the Office
of Food for Peace.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H2345EC143A5B45A2B7BC57E6B08AE016"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Not regarded as
Federal employees</header><text>Individuals hired under the authority of this
section shall not be regarded as Federal employees for the purpose of any law
administered by the Office of Personnel Management.</text>
</subsection></section><section commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HD34C44BF27144ABCB933F2B37DE5143C"><enum>11707.</enum><header>Personal
services contractors for the Department of State</header>
<subsection commented="no" id="H0B5E70AE87954B8EAB177237C72CB551"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>In addition to other authorities that may be available,
the Secretary of State may establish a pilot program (in this section referred
to as the <quote>program</quote>) for the purpose of hiring United States
citizens or aliens as personal services contractors, for service in the United
States, or for service both in the United States and abroad, to respond to new
or emerging needs or to augment current services.</text>
</subsection><subsection commented="no" id="HC6069BA7D6FE4D0DBC9F24D0E266150C"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Conditions</header><text>The
Secretary is authorized to use the authority of subsection (a), subject to the
following conditions:</text>
<paragraph commented="no" id="HFF5C2461C63C4BEC8819138503923375"><enum>(1)</enum><text>The Secretary
determines that existing personnel resources are insufficient.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="H5FA67CDFC24C4BAB87569BE12E80900F"><enum>(2)</enum><text>The contract
length, including options, may not exceed 2 years, unless the Secretary makes a
finding that exceptional circumstances justify an extension of up to one
additional year.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="HD336BC294D0C4F58A767D43EF1BD837A"><enum>(3)</enum><text>Not more than a
total of 200 United States citizens or aliens are employed at any one time as
personal services contractors under this section.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="H0187795A48FE44299FDF2FD908D6446B"><enum>(4)</enum><text>This authority may
only be used to obtain specialized skills or experience or to respond to urgent
needs.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection commented="no" id="HD6EEBF650B60451F9497AE3651D014D7"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Status of
personal service contractors</header>
<paragraph commented="no" id="H270E8B87937943FF944FD7E282BD4447"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>An individual hired as a personal service contractor
pursuant to this section shall not, by virtue of such hiring, be considered to
be an employee of the United States Government for purposes of any law
administered by the Office of Personnel Management.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="HB7AD02A0CF93469399A11F673FEF5DF1"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Applicable
laws</header><text>An individual hired as a personal service contractor
pursuant to this section shall be covered, in the same manner as a similarly
situated employee, by—</text>
<subparagraph commented="no" id="HD0F9DFB2764741879A6010109218A920"><enum>(A)</enum><text>the Ethics in
Government Act of 1978;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" id="H9BF898F87C7F4C89AC184F1704180FE6"><enum>(B)</enum><text>chapter 21 of
title 41, United States Code; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" id="HD382312EE40043FC9CEFAD2581D5CEE5"><enum>(C)</enum><text>chapter 73 of
title 5, sections 201, 203, 205, 207, 208, and 209 of title 18, and section
1346 and chapter 171 of title 28, United States Code.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="H1A5CEC0A1A0F4CD38E8730794D13229F"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Exception</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">This subsection shall not affect the
determination as to whether an individual hired as a personal service
contractor pursuant to this section is an employee of the United States
Government for purposes of any Federal law not specified in paragraphs (1) and
(2).</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection commented="no" id="H413688E36F744E58A969F68C56885834"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Termination of
authority</header><text>The authority to award personal services contracts
under the program authorized by this section shall terminate on September 30,
2014. A contract entered into prior to the termination date under this
subsection may remain in effect until expiration.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="HE0B4CF402C7843129520F6DEFEE0A022"><enum>11708.</enum><header>Hiring
authority of Inspector General of the United States Agency for International
Development</header>
<subsection id="HAEAA135CB7A94232BDA4270A623EB0E0"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>Subject to the requirements and limitations of this
section, the Inspector General of the United States Agency for International
Development is authorized to employ personal services contractors outside the
United States.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H2482AF5B79F1495D8F836F6F3F6FAEF4"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Number</header><text>The
number of contractors hired under the authority of subsection (a) may not
exceed 5 percent of the total authorized workforce of the Office of the
Inspector General.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H3F2BD5D8CABB4B249B739C79A4A3CB1E"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Contract
length</header><text>A contractor hired under the authority of subsection (a)
shall have a contract period of not longer than 2 years, unless the Inspector
General determines, on a case-by-case basis, that exceptional circumstances
justify the extension of a contract for up to 1 additional year.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HCF83FBDDD45542FBB578561F0318FE86"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Certification</header><text>The
authority provided in subsection (a) may be exercised only if the Inspector
General determines that it is impractical to recruit a sufficient number of
direct-hire employees to perform necessary overseas work, and reports such
determination to the appropriate congressional committees, along with the
reasons such recruitment is impractical.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H3FDDFAE7F732430889AE8FB1A432B90F"><enum>(e)</enum><header>Status of
employment</header><text>Individuals employed under the authority of this
section shall not be considered Federal employees for purposes of the Foreign
Service Act of 1980 or any law administered by the Office of Personnel
Management.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="H4C18941FA0FF43099874A33141A422A0"><enum>11709.</enum><header>Public
availability of consulting contracts</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">Any contract for consulting services issued
with funds made available under this Act shall be a matter of public record and
subject to public inspection, unless otherwise specifically provided under
law.</text>
</section><section id="H4AC3D4CE571B4379A50AC2D5BC1DE8E7"><enum>11710.</enum><header>Senior
Foreign Service requirement</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">Section 305 of the Foreign Service Act of
1980 (22 U.S.C. 3945) is amended by adding at the end the following:</text>
<quoted-block display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H07FE00DAFECD4911BEDA0FC73529D7BE" style="OLC">
<subsection id="H70F95C2612324605980E999717330EB6"><enum>(e)</enum><header>Requirement</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Beginning 3 years from the date of
enactment of this subsection, a Foreign Service Officer may not be promoted
into the Senior Foreign Service of the Department of State or the United States
Agency for International Development without having served at least one
domestic rotation in a bureau or office that does not have a regional
jurisdiction.</text>
</subsection><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block>
</section><section id="H2E0B5018DD63448E9D05C0C47FC37FF5"><enum>11711.</enum><header>Pay parity
for criminal investigators</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">Section 5541(2)(C)(xiv) of title 5, United
State Code, is amended to read as follows:</text>
<quoted-block id="H910E7A93C7FF47F683588F705CF34604" style="OLC">
<clause commented="no" id="H65FAD6F975CF442DAF9DC769B7A91DC7"><enum>(xiv)</enum><text>a Foreign
Service officer, except that a Foreign Service officer serving as a criminal
investigator in the Office of the Inspector General of the United States Agency
for International Development shall be eligible for and receive availability
pay on the same terms as a criminal investigator under section
5545a.</text>
</clause><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block>
</section></chapter><chapter id="HC2BCD04A99FA44508E3703BAC8A0CFF4"><enum>2</enum><header>Details,
fellowships, and exchanges</header>
<section id="H587FC87BC8CE41348E09E428E94BD165"><enum>11801.</enum><header>Details to
foreign governments and international organizations</header>
<subsection id="H2C2702EE40C24EFCBC6850A1DFF6A666"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Details to
foreign governments</header><text>When consistent with and in furtherance of
the purposes of this Act, the head of any Federal agency is authorized to
detail any Federal employee of that agency to any office or position with any
foreign government or foreign government agency, where acceptance of such
office or position does not involve the taking of an oath of allegiance to
another government or acceptance of compensation or other benefits from any
foreign country by such employee.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H35054F6216C94E58B1622995B61B8F71"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Details to
international organizations</header><text>When consistent with and in
furtherance of the purposes of this Act, the head of any Federal agency is
authorized to detail to any international organization or arrangement, any
Federal employee of that agency to serve with, or as a member of, the
international staff of such organization, or to render any technical,
scientific, or professional advice or service to, or in cooperation with, such
organization.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HC1D00B3DCB2045A4BADA52AE750B34BE"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Status of
Federal employees detailed</header>
<paragraph id="H0FB730D75EE5496CA23B0BA2DCB5FF9E"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Retention of
benefits</header><text>Any Federal employee, while detailed under this
section—</text>
<subparagraph id="H80B230030DF54AF6B2EA28EF1E2A1712"><enum>(A)</enum><text>shall be
considered a Federal employee and of the Federal agency from which detailed for
the purpose of preserving his or her allowances, privileges, rights, seniority,
and other benefits as such; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H93D5BC956555443894FF3C0143D9E01F"><enum>(B)</enum><text>shall continue to
receive compensation, allowances, and benefits from funds appropriated to that
agency or made available to that agency under this Act, or may be detailed on a
leave without pay status.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H692355DE89DF498588D22AB7D68A9F32"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Allowances</header><text>Any
Federal employee assigned, detailed, or appointed under this section, section
11203(b), section 11204 or section 11702, may receive (under such regulations
as the President may prescribe) representation allowances similar to those
allowed under section 905 of the Foreign Service Act of 1980. The authorization
of such allowances and other benefits and the payment thereof out of any
appropriations available therefor shall be considered as meeting all the
requirements of section 5536 of title 5, United States Code.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H8CC998D2450841409E6D56003F592D26"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Terms of
detail</header><text>Details may be made under this section or section 408 of
the Mutual Security Act of 1954 in accordance with any of the following:</text>
<paragraph id="H8D5D017EB8E24E9BA5BEB02E73BB9C12"><enum>(1)</enum><text>Without
reimbursement to the United States Government by the foreign government or
international organization.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H01722CACE9E54ABEB0AA1ED32D8BFC18"><enum>(2)</enum><text>Upon agreement by
the foreign government or international organization to reimburse the United
States Government for compensation, travel expenses, benefits, and allowances,
or any part thereof, payable to the Federal employee concerned during the
period of detail. Such reimbursements (including foreign currencies) shall be
credited to the appropriation, fund, or account utilized for paying such
compensation, travel expenses, benefits, or allowances, or to the
appropriation, fund, or account currently available for such purposes.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HC66D3618A9B54A4EBD7256F385D05CEA"><enum>(3)</enum><text>Upon an advance of
funds, property, or services by the foreign government or international
organization to the United States Government accepted with the approval of the
President for specified uses in furtherance of the purposes of this Act. Funds
so advanced may be established as a separate fund in the Treasury of the United
States Government, to be available for the specified uses, and to be used for
reimbursement of appropriations or direct expenditure subject to the provisions
of this Act. Any unexpended balance of such account shall be returned to the
foreign government or international organization.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H9C5D8328BA03475898CC897EB7CAE947"><enum>(4)</enum><text>Subject to the
receipt by the United States Government of a credit to be applied against the
payment by the United States Government of its share of the expenses of the
international organization to which the Federal employee is detailed, such
credit to be based upon the compensation, travel expenses, benefits and
allowances, or any part thereof, payable to such employee during the period of
detail in accordance with subsection (c).</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section id="H221D6CC20F6C4548A5C145B2EC9A4FC1"><enum>11802.</enum><header>Details to
United States Government agencies</header>
<subsection id="HAEE6716788EC486F85B6F0920AAE40B3"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Authority To
detail</header><text>The head of any Federal agency is authorized to detail
Federal employees of that agency (hereinafter known as the <quote>detailing
agency</quote>) to any office or position in any other Federal agency
(hereinafter known as the <quote>receiving agency</quote>), for the purposes
set out in subsection (b).</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H48B4C152629A4A57A425F8519DCA8C02"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Purposes of
detail</header><text>A detail under subsection (a) is authorized for the
purposes of—</text>
<paragraph id="H8179B2ECD9DD477AA0949AA941FCAE5A"><enum>(1)</enum><text>improving
cooperation and collaboration between the detailing agency and receiving
agency,</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H71B04D8FFBE64001A13297658DC44D03"><enum>(2)</enum><text>rendering any
technical, scientific, or professional advice or service to the receiving
agency, or</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H518C517D260A4A0FA20C12F4945F00FE"><enum>(3)</enum><text>providing training
and professional development to employees of the detailing agency,</text>
</paragraph><continuation-text continuation-text-level="subsection">when such
detail is consistent with and in furtherance of the purposes of this
Act.</continuation-text></subsection><subsection id="H91A71CFFC84B4F2E94FA8F9BD10D16F2"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Congressional
detail</header><text>The Secretary and the Administrator are each authorized to
detail up to 5 employees of the Department of State and the United States
Agency for International Development, respectively, each fiscal year to
individual members and committees of Congress, notwithstanding the requirement
for reimbursement in subsection (d). Such detailees shall be known as
<quote>Congressional Fellows</quote>.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HB27391223DE042C1A3003387E80DD6C8"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Requirement for
reimbursement</header><text>The receiving agency shall reimburse the detailing
agency for the salary and allowances of each Federal employee for the period of
the detail, unless—</text>
<paragraph id="H145FE7DAC32E451F9473C333F56BD2F6"><enum>(1)</enum><text>the detail is for
a period of less than two years;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H8E094B902A9144009238F245C1C25D46"><enum>(2)</enum><text>a
substantially equivalent number of Federal employees are detailed to and from
each agency in a fiscal year; or</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H3C8338D144DF4F5FB0C77E35B04307C4"><enum>(3)</enum><text>not more than 15
Federal employees are detailed from a single agency in a fiscal year.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection commented="no" id="H9588A0FFE7B64E3E986DFEE2F75DEEF5"><enum>(e)</enum><header>Personnel
limitations</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Personnel
detailed under this section shall not be counted for purposes of any limitation
established by the Office of Management and Budget on the maximum number of
personnel allowable for the detailing agency.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H3D1416AA2D114352A2B6636544D6152A"><enum>(f)</enum><header>Waiver</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The Secretary and the Administrator are
authorized to waive the requirement for reimbursement in subsection (d) for the
detail of an employee of the Department of State or the Agency, respectively,
for a period of up to 5 years if the receiving agency is the National Security
Council.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H487F35D0C1B04DF5B7C29335ADC90725"><enum>(g)</enum><header>Detail
defined</header><text>In this section, the term <term>detail</term> means to
detail, assign, or otherwise make available an employee to another agency,
office, or organization.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="H841D98B204D440E3AC1A57A2C51C5137"><enum>11803.</enum><header>Science and
technology fellowship programs</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">Section 504 of the Foreign Relations
Authorization Act, Fiscal Year 1979 (22 U.S.C. 2656d) is amended by adding at
the end the following:</text>
<quoted-block display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H4CC56B0A8255410086D95F7A3E8758DE" style="OLC">
<subsection commented="no" id="H979C2382B91F4852A7512529C5EC8AD6"><enum>(e)</enum><paragraph commented="no" display-inline="yes-display-inline" id="HF46087FB30964803BBB7A763D7852122"><enum>(1)</enum><text>The Secretary is
authorized to make grants or enter into cooperative agreements related to
Department of State science and technology fellowship programs, including for
assistance in recruiting fellows and the payment of stipends, travel, and other
appropriate expenses to fellows.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H9B20F7D12C3240CAA2016ECE1C24FBD9" indent="up1"><enum>(2)</enum><text>Payment of stipends under the
authority of paragraph (1) shall not be considered to be compensation for
purposes of section 209 of title 18, United States Code.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H0DF58193F1CF4BE3A847431E11EA98ED" indent="up1"><enum>(3)</enum><text>The total amount of grants made under
the authority of paragraph (1) may not exceed $1,000,000 in any fiscal
year.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block>
</section><section id="H68116A4E1C9F4752AA27A8F398CBF84C"><enum>11804.</enum><header>Foreign
relations exchange programs</header>
<subsection id="HDEB680691DC64999B53C703D2203A0F9"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>The Secretary may establish exchange programs under which
employees of the Department of State, including individuals appointed under
title 5, United States Code, and members of the Foreign Service, may be
assigned, for a period not to exceed 1 year, to a position with any foreign
government or international entity that permits an employee of the foreign
government or international entity, as the case may be, to be assigned to a
position with the Department of State.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HE2724FDCBC754C81B55C1089AF8BD08E"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Department of
state employees</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">During a
period in which an employee of the Department of State is participating in an
exchange program authorized under subsection (a), such employee shall, for the
purposes of receiving salary and benefits, be treated as an employee detailed
under section 11801.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H5DC8D4BC1FA24C46B9EC2147FAFC6D81"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Foreign
employees</header><text>The salary and benefits of an employee of a foreign
government or international entity participating in a program established under
this section shall be paid by such government or entity during the period in
which such employee is participating in the program, and shall not be
reimbursed by the Department of State.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HB083D9026F6D4A99A0A79912BA8F0626"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Rule of
construction</header><text>Nothing in this section shall be construed to
authorize the appointment as a Federal employee of—</text>
<paragraph id="HF67042201B0241B6AC9340C1C4610574"><enum>(1)</enum><text>an individual
whose allegiance is to any country, government, or foreign or international
entity other than the United States; or</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HA4D992E31BF94B4AA1458CA12B3DCF63"><enum>(2)</enum><text>an individual who
has not met the requirements of sections 3331, 3332, 3333, and 7311 of title 5,
United States Code, or any other provision of law concerning eligibility for
appointment, and continuation of employment, as a Federal employee.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section id="H88F6BD1FC017440DBB18EE22220F03E6"><enum>11805.</enum><header>Guidelines
for rotational assignments</header>
<subsection id="H12864B9DB373429C81D40BB2BA0432B1"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Career
guidelines</header><text>The Administrator shall establish career guidelines
for Foreign Service officers and civil service officers that incorporate
interagency, intergovernmental, or international organization rotational
assignments. The guidelines established under this subsection shall
include—</text>
<paragraph id="H77018CA63E6248F28739FC460450AA59"><enum>(1)</enum><text>selection;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HC11B9DE36EE74088B3D68EE7612FF64A"><enum>(2)</enum><text>professional
education and training;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HE7518C4A437D4A05970F953E67537555"><enum>(3)</enum><text>types of relevant
interagency, intergovernmental, and international organization assignments;
and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H979698B05BB6470B96BF202C3688CC9A"><enum>(4)</enum><text>such other matters
as the Administrator considers appropriate.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HB12BB1E5AC844564A5FC2AFD62925148"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Promotions to
senior ranks</header><text>Not later than 2 years after the date of the
enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall establish additional guidelines
that consider participation by relevant employees in at least 1 interagency,
intergovernmental, or international organizational rotational assignment of at
least 6 months as a factor for promotion into the ranks of the Senior Foreign
Service or Senior Executive Service.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HE8B5554299894CD7BEC53C854FEB1302"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Promotion
precepts</header><text>The Administrator shall ensure that promotion precepts
and promotion panels do not penalize employees who have been assigned to
interagency, intergovernmental, or international organizations.</text>
</subsection></section></chapter><chapter id="HB55DB4905B394A96ACD37F9F78EE84AD"><enum>3</enum><header>Training and
professional development</header>
<section id="H62EB44276BAA44608C4877DAFCC29F9A"><enum>11901.</enum><header>Training of
Federal personnel</header>
<subsection id="H75CB722886904B6F96940C87C09303A7"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Authority To
conduct training</header><text>The head of each Federal agency carrying out
activities under this Act is authorized to use funds made available under this
Act to pay the costs, in accordance with subsection (b), of providing training
for Federal personnel, through interchange or otherwise, at any State or local
unit of government, public or private nonprofit institution, trade, labor,
agricultural, or scientific association or organization, or commercial
firm.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H8F11E274BC6F4E89B2B50E22F227846B"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Payment of
costs</header><text>Training costs shall be paid—</text>
<paragraph id="HF04021540A1042A1B76B286410B9AB2F"><enum>(1)</enum><text>from funds made
available to the employing agency;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HDA3B386D7D004393BD644A9CFF1FAAEA"><enum>(2)</enum><text>for individuals
performing functions within the United States, from funds available for
administrative expenses; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H3F9E72C85FB343188F872C6DCF98494D"><enum>(3)</enum><text>for individuals
performing functions outside the United States, from funds available for the
program, project, or activity being carried out by such individual.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H3598D03D703C4619BF0562005102D520"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Limitation on
dual employment</header><text>Training under this section shall not be
considered employment or holding of office under section 5533 of title 5,
United States Code.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H2DB144FCF0EA43D3B85698F976927642"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Acceptance of
certain payments</header><text>Any payments or contributions in connection with
training under this section may, as deemed appropriate by the head of the
Federal agency authorizing such training, be made by private or public sources
and be accepted by any trainee, or may be accepted by and credited to the
current applicable appropriation of such agency. Any such payments or
contributions shall be in lieu, or in reduction, of compensation received from
the United States Government.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="HDB8F48F4E9404E438539E0218808FDCF"><enum>11902.</enum><header>Career
development</header>
<subsection id="H9C05C105832F43C1A4FE718E27309338"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Comprehensive
program</header><text>The Secretary and the Administrator shall implement and
maintain a comprehensive career-long program of professional training for the
personnel of the Department of State and the United States Agency for
International Development, respectively.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HCF327ADE6F7049AABC6F4222981AF0AA"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Participation
levels</header><text>The Secretary and the Administrator shall ensure that in
each fiscal year not less than 10 percent of personnel of the Department of
State and the United States Agency for International Development receive
professional training or participate in details, exchanges, fellowships,
scholarships or other opportunities for professional development.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HA2C4CAD3612641DA98E7933AD86105F4"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Institution for
training</header><text>Section 701(b) of the Foreign Service Act of 1980 (22
U.S.C. 4021(b)) is amended to read as follows:</text>
<quoted-block display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H5AC537FFB1C746B9A09B4EFE2B66D377" style="OLC">
<subsection id="H85C0D3B980054B6B841017248E3C7CFE"><enum>(b)</enum><paragraph commented="no" display-inline="yes-display-inline" id="H10169653C5A544268B848B298BE1AD5A"><enum>(1)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The Secretary of State shall ensure that
training offered by the institution—</text>
<subparagraph id="HABFF09E9DB65416896137FBEAB4F7F34" indent="up1"><enum>(A)</enum><text>meets the training needs of all
foreign affairs agencies;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H13C17C33E55B46FC8B3CF9D426BC8445" indent="up1"><enum>(B)</enum><text>is made available on an equal basis to
personnel of all foreign affairs agencies, including access to child care
facilities, travel, per diem, and reimbursements;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H75A520BB40A74D91A360FD0B61570D44" indent="up1"><enum>(C)</enum><text>is responsive to requests by the heads
of other agencies for the development and implementation of specialized
training courses; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H37A0EE44DF0D4C24B2D31B93B36EB7C3" indent="up1"><enum>(D)</enum><text>is evaluated regularly for
cost-effectiveness and for results.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H89A71BE9E1E545A2911B39B637932517" indent="up1"><enum>(2)</enum><text>Other agencies shall avoid
duplicating the facilities and training provided by the Secretary of State
through the institution and
otherwise.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block>
</subsection><subsection id="H8A5D28DBDD6B49EBAA25EA138BAB52B6"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Training support
services</header><text>Section 704(a)(4)(B) of the Foreign Service Act of 1980
(22 U.S.C. 4024(a)(4)(B)) is amended by striking <quote>language instructors,
linguists, and other academic and training specialists</quote> and inserting
<quote>education and training specialists, including language instructors and
linguists, and other specialists who perform work directly relating to the
design, delivery, oversight, or coordination of training delivered by the
institution</quote>.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H297294F053C34BF893CB7D0F8465C295"><enum>(e)</enum><header>Requirements for
promotion</header><text>The Secretary and the Administrator shall each
establish a set of mandatory training requirements for promotion into the
Senior Foreign Service.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H39E7FC51830C4B5191E2294E0D0F9A99"><enum>(f)</enum><header>Evaluation of
effectiveness</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The Secretary
and the Administrator shall evaluate the effectiveness of all training and
professional development programs for the personnel of the Department of State
and the United States Agency for International Development, respectively, not
later than 2 years after the date of the enactment of this Act, and not less
than once every 5 years after thereafter. The results of such evaluations shall
be made publicly available on the Internet.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="H6C08638C43904625B32BF1EE5944DA94"><enum>11903.</enum><header>Language
skills development</header>
<subsection id="H758DCD0AD60F4EA785FCBBE0BA7839EC"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Development of
system</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The Secretary and the
Administrator shall develop a system for increasing the number and percentage
of Foreign Service Officers at the Department of State and the United States
Agency for International Development, respectively, who are proficient in the
official language of the country of assignment.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HFE6CD91E969F400880EF95C5ECB8EDF4"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Elements of
system</header><text>Such system shall include—</text>
<paragraph id="H68C7D439FA914E7B929F02FBF603A2F3"><enum>(1)</enum><text>methods for
identifying emerging areas of foreign language shortfalls and projected
language needs;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HA9DC267365E043A99D13C8D28E39BB9E"><enum>(2)</enum><text>designation of
Foreign Service positions for which a minimum level of certified language
proficiency is required, to be known as <quote>language designated
positions</quote>;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H2A2C933A15744329AF0032B58C518503"><enum>(3)</enum><text>designation of
languages for which there is a critical unmet need, to be known as
<quote>critical languages</quote>;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H030215324B9149858A6925A7EEE9D958"><enum>(4)</enum><text>development of
policies and procedures relating to assignments, length of rotations,
recruitment, retention, training, and promotion to—</text>
<subparagraph id="H06FA0E04787D40CF8BB441D5BCF6EB9B"><enum>(A)</enum><text>ensure that there
are a sufficient number of Foreign Service officers able and available to fill
language designated positions; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H9C39B28A72A44A85B2827FB98E8FE6BC"><enum>(B)</enum><text>remedy shortfalls
in critical languages;</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="HFF934A5F39F44D85B18FB21BE7117A1E"><enum>(5)</enum><text>establishment of
clear and measurable performance goals and objectives; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H30BAD6DDCC4345E78930AA7F24030AF1"><enum>(6)</enum><text>requirements for
monitoring and evaluation of progress.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H930980879BF3492DBA715AF4CFDA677F"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Transmission to
congress</header><text>The Secretary and the Administrator shall transmit to
the appropriate congressional committees, not later than 1 year after the date
of the enactment of this Act, a report on the system developed under subsection
(a) and a plan for its implementation, including any budgetary
implications.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HC11514A0DCED48018C50F684C1DD6DFB"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Implementation
reports</header><text>One year after the date on which the report is
transmitted pursuant to subsection (c), and each of the next 2 years
thereafter, the Secretary and the Administrator shall transmit to the
appropriate congressional committees a report on the status of implementation
of the system developed under subsection (a).</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H685DF571A47042CABA07F80B34F761D1"><enum>(e)</enum><header>Repeal of
duplicative report</header><text>Section 702 of the Foreign Service Act of 1980
(22 U.S.C. 4022) is amended by striking subsection (c).</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H1617E0E0C50C4942964B607F6CDD3969"><enum>(f)</enum><header>Availability of
funds</header><text>Notwithstanding section 11302, amounts made available to
the Agency to carry out this section shall not be considered to be operating
expenses.</text>
</subsection></section></chapter></subtitle><enum>XII</enum><header>Amendments and
repeals</header>
<subtitle id="H3F046D059AA345469AD5E0D87EFCB19E"><enum>A</enum><header>Amendments</header>
<section id="H1FAC72399C66447DB3BA4210A1F45FA2"><enum>12101.</enum><header>Amendments
relating to assistance to combat HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, and malaria</header>
<subsection id="H5C8F9FBB75F64A4082E4E1FEDFD6A6FE"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Assistance To
combat HIV/AIDS</header><text>Subtitle A of title III of the United States
Leadership Against HIV/AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria Act of 2003 (22 U.S.C.
7631 et seq.) is amended—</text>
<paragraph id="H2E2570B5D3394FC896D194AA7D14DC4C"><enum>(1)</enum><text>by redesignating
section 301 as section 301A;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H39A8350780444866B1E75710E783046F"><enum>(2)</enum><text>in the heading of
section 301A (as redesignated), by inserting <quote><header-in-text level="section" style="OLC">other provisions relating
to</header-in-text></quote> before <quote><header-in-text level="section" style="OLC">assistance</header-in-text></quote>; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H4B1E33C6372C43888B325E33A69103D8"><enum>(3)</enum><text>by inserting
before section 301A (as redesignated) the following new section:</text>
<quoted-block display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H2DB13CB2322B4778B450BF49984AD087" style="OLC">
<section id="HCCF995600F82410B86C5FCBDC1A42905"><enum>301.</enum><header>Assistance to
combat HIV/AIDS</header>
<subsection id="HA8A481B93D63442897CC139C5521B890"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Finding</header><text>Congress
recognizes that the alarming spread of HIV/AIDS in countries in sub-Saharan
Africa, the Caribbean, Central Asia, Eastern Europe, Latin America and other
developing countries is a major global health, national security, development,
and humanitarian crisis.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HBAAE678D52DC481498A63D9DC859BEFB"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Policy</header>
<paragraph id="H744AA79C84C949B6B81B1DCE65859F21"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Objectives</header><text>It
is a major objective of the foreign assistance program of the United States to
provide assistance for the prevention and treatment of HIV/AIDS and the care of
those affected by the disease. It is the policy objective of the United States,
by 2013, to—</text>
<subparagraph id="HB49DDDEFE8A2480D827AF6BB5885F886"><enum>(A)</enum><text>assist partner
countries to—</text>
<clause id="H5E193DCFE7A94E9F85E09BB1B10940D3"><enum>(i)</enum><text>prevent 12,000,000
new HIV infections worldwide;</text>
</clause><clause id="H18FBEA7ED527426E801CCE56EF644F10"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>support—</text>
<subclause id="H950A4C45F3E1496F8E730C58412FE03E"><enum>(I)</enum><text>the increase in
the number of individuals with HIV/AIDS receiving antiretroviral treatment
above the goal established under section 402(a)(3) and increased pursuant to
paragraphs (1) through (3) of section 403(d); and</text>
</subclause><subclause id="H253F06459CCD465AB0DD9604699170C1"><enum>(II)</enum><text>additional
treatment through coordinated multilateral efforts;</text>
</subclause></clause><clause id="H24031473AC414DB689151A3F8526A65A"><enum>(iii)</enum><text>support care for
12,000,000 individuals infected with or affected by HIV/AIDS, including
5,000,000 orphans and vulnerable children affected by HIV/AIDS, with an
emphasis on promoting a comprehensive, coordinated system of services to be
integrated throughout the continuum of care;</text>
</clause><clause id="H8869AF1DF2CF4ABEB9FC665E67072796"><enum>(iv)</enum><text>provide at least
80 percent of the target population with access to counseling, testing, and
treatment to prevent the transmission of HIV from mother-to-child;</text>
</clause><clause id="HF87CE5AAA14E4065A039898C6CB81A3C"><enum>(v)</enum><text>provide care and
treatment services to children with HIV in proportion to their percentage
within the HIV-infected population of a given partner country; and</text>
</clause><clause id="H06B2E51D9CB84082A83C41445420173E"><enum>(vi)</enum><text>train and support
retention of health care professionals, paraprofessionals, and community health
workers in HIV/AIDS prevention, treatment, and care, with the target of
providing such training to at least 140,000 new health care professionals and
paraprofessionals with an emphasis on training and in country deployment of
critically needed doctors and nurses;</text>
</clause></subparagraph><subparagraph id="H515D695E41B2411C9BE2D804A0B74778"><enum>(B)</enum><text>strengthen the
capacity to deliver primary health care in developing countries, especially in
sub-Saharan Africa;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H7201F706EB784A0291AD2F0AE85F8368"><enum>(C)</enum><text>support and help
countries in their efforts to achieve staffing levels of at least 2.3 doctors,
nurses, and midwives per 1,000 population, as called for by the World Health
Organization; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HF199D4A3504C4EFDAD3C220F4FD064B3"><enum>(D)</enum><text>help partner
countries to develop independent, sustainable HIV/AIDS programs.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="HBEDC02A2CB1B453582224E560FC6B355"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Coordinated
global strategy</header><text>The United States and other countries with the
sufficient capacity should provide assistance to countries in sub-Saharan
Africa, the Caribbean, Central Asia, Eastern Europe, and Latin America, and
other countries and regions confronting HIV/AIDS epidemics in a coordinated
global strategy to help address generalized and concentrated epidemics through
HIV/AIDS prevention, treatment, care, monitoring and evaluation, and related
activities.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H5AFCEFD654C0405EA9F2DD7F8ED61049"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Priorities</header><text>The
United States Government’s response to the global HIV/AIDS pandemic and the
Government’s efforts to help countries assume leadership of sustainable
campaigns to combat their local epidemics should place high priority on—</text>
<subparagraph id="HC8460CCFBEE2462BB3A4FEEB7ED124FD"><enum>(A)</enum><text>the prevention of
the transmission of HIV;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H5A9A779D382E41679A81717C1116280D"><enum>(B)</enum><text>moving toward
universal access to HIV/AIDS prevention counseling and services;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HDCAED825042D41E2B370CF5E1209A542"><enum>(C)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">meaningful cost-sharing assurances by the
partner country; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H77592C682A3940A3BF923CD057075EFC"><enum>(D)</enum><text>the inclusion of
transition strategies to ensure sustainability of such programs and activities,
including health care systems, under other international donor support, or
budget support by respective foreign governments.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HD249DEE105E84F999BB12DE885E126E1"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Authorization</header>
<paragraph id="H90ED4743750F4747A678780BD602ED8A"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Consistent with
section 1321 of the <short-title>Global Partnerships Act
of 2012</short-title>, the President is authorized to furnish assistance, on
such terms and conditions as the President may determine, for HIV/AIDS,
including to prevent, treat, and monitor HIV/AIDS, and carry out related
activities, in countries in sub-Saharan Africa, the Caribbean, Central Asia,
Eastern Europe, Latin America, and other countries and areas, particularly with
respect to refugee populations or those in postconflict settings in such
countries and areas with significant or increasing HIV incidence rates.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H7EE88F8D854E41F5B2FADD9AFF0B5B0E"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Role of
NGOs</header><text>It is the sense of Congress that the President should
provide an appropriate level of assistance under paragraph (1) through
nongovernmental organizations (including faith-based and community-based
organizations) in countries in sub-Saharan Africa, the Caribbean, Central Asia,
Eastern Europe, Latin America, and other countries and areas affected by the
HIV/AIDS pandemic, particularly with respect to refugee populations or those in
post-conflict settings in such countries and areas with significant or
increasing HIV incidence rates.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H8A8F18E0956A426DBA06CD395251A00E"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Coordination of
assistance efforts</header><text>The President shall coordinate the provision
of assistance under paragraph (1) with the provision of related assistance by
the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS), the United Nations
Children’s Fund (UNICEF), the World Health Organization (WHO), the United
Nations Development Programme (UNDP), the Global Fund to Fight AIDS,
Tuberculosis and Malaria and other appropriate international organizations
(such as the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development), relevant
regional multilateral development institutions, national, state, and local
governments of partner countries, other international actors, appropriate
governmental and nongovernmental organizations, and relevant executive branch
agencies within the framework of the principles of the Three Ones.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H295C52CBB7E74948A689C1109EB24505"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Activities
supported</header><text>Assistance provided under subsection (c) shall, to the
maximum extent practicable, be used to carry out the following
activities:</text>
<paragraph id="H2B9AA36514F84488A8AA5A4A3D71946B"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Prevention</header><text>Prevention
of HIV/AIDS through activities including—</text>
<subparagraph id="H89DC2D46840A439E87743DE10DA04C02"><enum>(A)</enum><text>programs and
efforts that are designed or intended to impart knowledge with the exclusive
purpose of helping individuals avoid behaviors that place them at risk of HIV
infection, including integration of such programs into health programs and the
inclusion in counseling programs of information on methods of avoiding
infection of HIV, including delaying sexual debut, abstinence, fidelity and
monogamy, reduction of casual sexual partnering and multiple concurrent sexual
partnering, reducing sexual violence and coercion, including child marriage,
widow inheritance, and polygamy, and where appropriate, use of male and female
condoms;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HB4F78DB58AE74AE08B63EF5FE7DC6E52"><enum>(B)</enum><text>assistance to
establish and implement culturally appropriate HIV/AIDS education and
prevention programs that are designed with local input and focus on helping
individuals avoid infection of HIV/AIDS, implemented through nongovernmental
organizations, including faith-based and community-based organizations,
particularly those locally based organizations that utilize both professionals
and volunteers with appropriate skills, experience, and community
presence;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HCB2E80300AED4BCABB1E54E2009C425B"><enum>(C)</enum><text>assistance for the
purpose of encouraging men to be responsible in their sexual behavior, child
rearing, and to respect women;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H93A654FDFBBD4D37A62C7F2348A0BB83"><enum>(D)</enum><text>assistance for the
purpose of providing voluntary testing and counseling (including the
incorporation of confidentiality protections with respect to such testing and
counseling) and promoting the use of provider-initiated or
<quote>opt-out</quote> voluntary testing in accordance with World Health
Organization guidelines;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H4F6ECBF53FD84E5EAC345556BE48960E"><enum>(E)</enum><text>assistance for the
purpose of preventing mother-to-child transmission of the HIV infection,
including medications to prevent such transmission and access to infant formula
and other alternatives for infant feeding;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H1AB06E3C41654C18B2B8C66BAD644EF9"><enum>(F)</enum><text>assistance
to—</text>
<clause id="H9CC56C2DA51F4FD69E4E0014D2E9AC73"><enum>(i)</enum><text>achieve the goal
of reaching 80 percent of pregnant women for prevention and treatment of
mother-to-child transmission of HIV in countries in which the United States is
implementing HIV/AIDS programs by 2013; and</text>
</clause><clause id="HFAC9D8ADA2374A6592C11632ECE39FB2"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>promote infant
feeding options and treatment protocols that meet the most recent criteria
established by the World Health Organization;</text>
</clause></subparagraph><subparagraph id="HB60F309C005B430CB867A9B488E60159"><enum>(G)</enum><text>medical male
circumcision programs as part of national strategies to combat the transmission
of HIV/AIDS;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H989A61487AB34F35BFB9E90265253E07"><enum>(H)</enum><text>assistance to
ensure a safe blood supply and sterile medical equipment;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HE895863A4C534CCEB6DB799172460E23"><enum>(I)</enum><text>assistance to help
avoid substance abuse and intravenous drug use that can lead to HIV
infection;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HC5E2E08B4A034B0DADE5F933A66E2B74"><enum>(J)</enum><text>assistance for the
purpose of increasing women’s access to employment opportunities, income,
productive resources, and microfinance programs, where appropriate; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H3EBBCD7B5A4441A08EEB668670361691"><enum>(K)</enum><text>assistance for
counseling, testing, treatment, care, and support programs, including—</text>
<clause id="HB44FB05B5F7D444681507C2AAA195E59"><enum>(i)</enum><text>counseling and
other services for the prevention of reinfection of individuals with
HIV/AIDS;</text>
</clause><clause id="H71472439FA1D414EAD2EE80D55944790"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>counseling to
prevent sexual transmission of HIV, including—</text>
<subclause id="HA6C4DC50C4B94366B77F60E63E1C5C2B"><enum>(I)</enum><text>life skills
development for practicing abstinence and faithfulness;</text>
</subclause><subclause id="HAC3C93176CE7425BBE746D9226ACD2E2"><enum>(II)</enum><text>reducing the
number of sexual partners;</text>
</subclause><subclause id="H62A6A1BAD96B499B95D8C7D04977354A"><enum>(III)</enum><text>delaying sexual
debut; and</text>
</subclause><subclause id="H3D37690FFF1B4F02B04D89D5D6203F84"><enum>(IV)</enum><text>ensuring correct
and consistent use of condoms;</text>
</subclause></clause><clause id="H00C201ED1860446DA5615289FBC63905"><enum>(iii)</enum><text>assistance to
engage underlying vulnerabilities to HIV/AIDS, especially those of women and
girls;</text>
</clause><clause id="H8503D85F28A94EADB5957E80583F1AFE"><enum>(iv)</enum><text>assistance for
appropriate HIV/AIDS education programs and training targeted to prevent the
transmission of HIV among men who have sex with men;</text>
</clause><clause id="H93FDDB330E634DC98422C9712559CF45"><enum>(v)</enum><text>assistance to
provide male and female condoms;</text>
</clause><clause id="H2657ED2EC7A9464EBEE2110288E03021"><enum>(vi)</enum><text>diagnosis and
treatment of other sexually transmitted infections;</text>
</clause><clause id="H64AAB1992EF241ED8202A0E6DF2A071B"><enum>(vii)</enum><text>strategies to
address the stigma and discrimination that impede HIV/AIDS prevention efforts;
and</text>
</clause><clause id="H9EBAFA9AF2D64F7AA1C4E256213EDE04"><enum>(viii)</enum><text>assistance to
facilitate widespread access to microbicides for HIV prevention, if safe and
effective products become available, including financial and technical support
for culturally appropriate introductory programs, procurement, distribution,
logistics management, program delivery, acceptability studies, provider
training, demand generation, and postintroduction monitoring.</text>
</clause></subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H1E15808B3A604F609FC2EA206B1D39DD"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Treatment</header><text>The
treatment and care of individuals with HIV/AIDS, including—</text>
<subparagraph id="HE433D8A53BA74BE9B6DA4D3129F72525"><enum>(A)</enum><text>assistance to
establish and implement programs to strengthen and broaden indigenous health
care delivery systems and the capacity of such systems to deliver HIV/AIDS
pharmaceuticals and otherwise provide for the treatment of individuals with
HIV/AIDS, including clinical training for indigenous organizations and health
care providers;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H627B1A96A7C14401B309EA470E737062"><enum>(B)</enum><text>assistance to
strengthen and expand hospice and palliative care programs to assist patients
debilitated by HIV/AIDS, their families, and the primary caregivers of such
patients, including programs that utilize faith-based and community-based
organizations;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H0210F842BBDA4F6B9E53A861E5668E67"><enum>(C)</enum><text>assistance for the
purpose of the care and treatment of individuals with HIV/AIDS through the
provision of pharmaceuticals, including antiretrovirals and other
pharmaceuticals and therapies for the treatment of opportunistic infections,
pain management, nutritional support, and other treatment modalities;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H1107F36CE1C14F8E83C2242BB6A53FB4"><enum>(D)</enum><text>as part of care
and treatment of HIV/AIDS, assistance (including prophylaxis and treatment) for
common HIV/AIDS-related opportunistic infections for free or at a rate at which
it is easily affordable to the individuals and populations being served;
and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H780AC74C842148C9BCBDF11EA7AD9F17"><enum>(E)</enum><text>as part of care
and treatment of HIV/AIDS, assistance or referral to available and adequately
resourced service providers for nutritional support, including counseling and
where necessary the provision of commodities, for persons meeting
malnourishment criteria and their families.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="HFF24E5FB22804E1EA4A6DA6FA441A5D0"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Preventative
intervention education and technologies</header><subparagraph commented="no" display-inline="yes-display-inline" id="HC1D41A60E0DB49C184BCA1756535108B"><enum>(A)</enum><text>With particular emphasis
on specific populations that represent a particularly high risk of contracting
or spreading HIV/AIDS, including those exploited through the sex trade, victims
of rape and sexual assault, individuals already infected with HIV/AIDS, and in
cases of occupational exposure of health care workers, assistance with efforts
to reduce the risk of HIV/AIDS infection including post-exposure pharmaceutical
prophylaxis, and necessary pharmaceuticals and commodities, including test
kits, condoms, and, when proven effective, microbicides.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H0DE6EBBF58704F5E91D8E7C1C6829E8E" indent="up1"><enum>(B)</enum><text>Bulk purchases of available test kits,
condoms, and, when proven effective, microbicides that are intended to reduce
the risk of HIV/AIDS transmission and for appropriate program support for the
introduction and distribution of these commodities, as well as education and
training on the use of the technologies.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H6451ED65E34A4944A5751D471CFBE3ED"><enum>(4)</enum><header>Monitoring</header><text>The
monitoring of programs, projects, and activities carried out pursuant to
paragraphs (1) through (3), including—</text>
<subparagraph id="H2C41E04EF43B4962AC02F7D76A5A92B5"><enum>(A)</enum><text>monitoring to
ensure that adequate controls are established and implemented to provide
HIV/AIDS pharmaceuticals and other appropriate medicines to poor individuals
with HIV/AIDS;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H8780ABD2907C4E54A168BCDD6D3B0356"><enum>(B)</enum><text>appropriate
evaluation and surveillance activities;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H2A6A3CCAFDC04D2CB4B3319E9A1C10CF"><enum>(C)</enum><text>monitoring to
ensure that appropriate measures are being taken to maintain the sustainability
of HIV/AIDS pharmaceuticals (especially antiretrovirals) and ensure that drug
resistance is not compromising the benefits of such pharmaceuticals;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HE11003D9F14B4EFCA12C2E17190F4A00"><enum>(D)</enum><text>monitoring to
ensure appropriate law enforcement officials are working to ensure that
HIV/AIDS pharmaceuticals are not diminished through illegal counterfeiting or
black market sales of such pharmaceuticals;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HDD7BF9DBC1C040029B799A8BBECBEC64"><enum>(E)</enum><text>carrying out and
expanding program monitoring, impact evaluation research and analysis, and
operations research and disseminating data and findings through mechanisms to
be developed by the Coordinator of United States Government Activities to
Combat HIV/AIDS Globally, in coordination with the Director of the Centers for
Disease Control, in order to—</text>
<clause id="HBA5E269C16B145A2A5367BF5922F4D4A"><enum>(i)</enum><text>improve
accountability, increase transparency, and ensure the delivery of
evidence-based services through the collection, evaluation, and analysis of
data regarding gender-responsive interventions, disaggregated by age and
sex;</text>
</clause><clause id="HF2A5229966654BC19EBA5E9615002A42"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>identify and
replicate effective models; and</text>
</clause><clause id="HBCBDF062D8DF4406A9DD43A47FC20467"><enum>(iii)</enum><text>develop gender
indicators to measure outcomes and the impacts of interventions; and</text>
</clause></subparagraph><subparagraph id="H8BC399B041E74B64BEBEE1E76221D66F"><enum>(F)</enum><text>establishing
appropriate systems to—</text>
<clause id="HB92477B9EBD442499B3534E711F17358"><enum>(i)</enum><text>gather
epidemiological and social science data on HIV; and</text>
</clause><clause id="H488D76F8F3744363B0DA972A1CF8EB5A"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>evaluate the
effectiveness of prevention efforts among men who have sex with men, with due
consideration to stigma and risks associated with disclosure.</text>
</clause></subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H745DF430D4BC4636A81348775DA6595F"><enum>(5)</enum><header>Pharmaceuticals</header>
<subparagraph id="H26E3D629A83349CE886F4150690CA7A2"><enum>(A)</enum><header>Procurement</header><text>The
procurement of HIV/AIDS pharmaceuticals, antiviral therapies, and other
appropriate medicines, including medicines to treat opportunistic
infections.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HE80CEB38149A4835AF1DB91D2065EB2A"><enum>(B)</enum><header>Mechanisms for
quality control and sustainable supply</header><text>Mechanisms to ensure that
such HIV/AIDS pharmaceuticals, antiretroviral therapies, and other appropriate
medicines are quality-controlled and sustainably supplied.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HCDA220B3330D48FA9AA2CF95E94267C1"><enum>(C)</enum><header>Mechanism to
ensure cost-effective drug purchasing</header><text>Subject to subparagraph
(B), mechanisms to ensure that safe and effective pharmaceuticals, including
antiretrovirals and medicines to treat opportunistic infections, are purchased
at the lowest possible price at which such pharmaceuticals may be obtained in
sufficient quantity on the world market, provided that such pharmaceuticals are
approved, tentatively approved, or otherwise authorized for use by—</text>
<clause id="H34B14A22E4CF467FBB96067DD7EFD617"><enum>(i)</enum><text>the Food and Drug
Administration;</text>
</clause><clause id="H24C0B3F520A54CBF9779B55060C80CC5"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>a
stringent regulatory agency acceptable to the Secretary of Health and Human
Services; or</text>
</clause><clause id="HCFF642ABBBDF4094824BE78E15872FF9"><enum>(iii)</enum><text>a quality
assurance mechanism acceptable to the Secretary of Health and Human
Services.</text>
</clause></subparagraph><subparagraph id="HFFC899B2D31A43F4A9A2EB5B044A994D"><enum>(D)</enum><header>Distribution</header><text>The
distribution of such HIV/AIDS pharmaceuticals, antiviral therapies, and other
appropriate medicines (including medicines to treat opportunistic infections)
to qualified national, regional, or local organizations for the treatment of
individuals with HIV/AIDS in accordance with appropriate HIV/AIDS testing and
monitoring requirements and treatment protocols and for the prevention of
mother-to-child transmission of the HIV infection.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H8EC929C57DB94A5F996BD050189F7C88"><enum>(6)</enum><header>Related and
coordinated activities</header><text>The conduct of related activities,
including—</text>
<subparagraph id="HA1FEB351190A4B64AADFCF5C3379B0D4"><enum>(A)</enum><text>the care and
support of children who are orphaned by the HIV/AIDS pandemic, including
services designed to care for orphaned children in a family environment which
rely on extended family members;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H31AFCBBCA0E84615BC5438693E9B76DA"><enum>(B)</enum><text>improved
infrastructure and institutional capacity to develop and manage education,
prevention, and treatment programs, including training and the resources to
collect and maintain accurate HIV surveillance data to target programs and
measure the effectiveness of interventions;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H952D1C8867C94E7599842B934DF3E1BA"><enum>(C)</enum><text>vaccine research
and development partnership programs with specific plans of action to develop a
safe, effective, accessible, preventive HIV vaccine for use throughout the
world;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HC5B349148EBC4FF6A8B81984A7EABCDD"><enum>(D)</enum><text>coordinated or
referred activities to—</text>
<clause id="HED7AF27973C843CF9F79FE7078D3C83C"><enum>(i)</enum><text>enhance the
clinical impact of HIV/AIDS care and treatment; and</text>
</clause><clause id="HDAAE8415043F46EBB5CA307686E2DBFA"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>ameliorate the
adverse social and economic costs often affecting AIDS-impacted families and
communities through the direct provision, as necessary, or through the
referral, if possible, of support services, including—</text>
<subclause id="HEBDDF983BCFD465EB5F055F6FC9E7982"><enum>(I)</enum><text>nutritional and
food support;</text>
</subclause><subclause id="HE5F12A165D6D466E90613700268CA0E5"><enum>(II)</enum><text>safe drinking
water and adequate sanitation;</text>
</subclause><subclause id="HEAE538A6445D42DFA2A6DCBFE192AAA9"><enum>(III)</enum><text>nutritional
counseling;</text>
</subclause><subclause id="H3EDE18A976064C528687B6CCD215A728"><enum>(IV)</enum><text>income-generating
activities and livelihood initiatives;</text>
</subclause><subclause id="HE6434673766B469A9D9D8E8C6D870E32"><enum>(V)</enum><text>maternal and child
health care;</text>
</subclause><subclause id="H0084F5453ED246D18DD9961CA9922217"><enum>(VI)</enum><text>primary health
care;</text>
</subclause><subclause id="H0B8DE856D9914BE9B893ACDAC1E8CD64"><enum>(VII)</enum><text>the diagnosis
and treatment of other infectious or sexually transmitted diseases;</text>
</subclause><subclause id="HD3EE728307304D5DB2DECA74542EC358"><enum>(VIII)</enum><text>substance abuse
and treatment services; and</text>
</subclause><subclause id="H9DFADEB07AF644998ED3E74EDB9DB36F"><enum>(IX)</enum><text>legal
services;</text>
</subclause></clause></subparagraph><subparagraph id="HE20BBC14D18A4CC69DC7011022055769"><enum>(E)</enum><text>coordinated or
referred activities to link programs addressing HIV/AIDS with programs
addressing gender-based violence in areas of significant HIV prevalence to
assist countries in the development and enforcement of women’s health,
children’s health, and HIV/AIDS laws and policies that—</text>
<clause id="HCDD686A715884B7BA00086F8FC5AABE8"><enum>(i)</enum><text>prevent and
respond to violence against women and girls;</text>
</clause><clause id="H62B7489ED86C44D6BD2F23C14793241A"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>promote the
integration of screening and assessment for gender-based violence into HIV/AIDS
programming;</text>
</clause><clause id="HC6A3CBA02ADD4137ACEC1008D5CD68DA"><enum>(iii)</enum><text>promote
appropriate HIV/AIDS counseling, testing, and treatment into gender-based
violence programs; and</text>
</clause><clause id="HEC5A5FBEFBE2415BA3F25E94152AAEAB"><enum>(iv)</enum><text>assist
governments to develop partnerships with civil society organizations to create
networks for psychosocial, legal, economic, or other support services;</text>
</clause></subparagraph><subparagraph id="HB1501F18F31E4F17BA163180592FB103"><enum>(F)</enum><text>coordinated or
referred activities to—</text>
<clause id="HE244B9F6806A4907AC75C7D4DFC8A89E"><enum>(i)</enum><text>address the
frequent coinfection of HIV and tuberculosis, in accordance with World Health
Organization guidelines;</text>
</clause><clause id="H4DC863195E99434EB6DFCFC2416ACFE0"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>promote
provider-initiated or <quote>opt-out</quote> HIV/AIDS counseling and testing
and appropriate referral for treatment and care to individuals with
tuberculosis or its symptoms, particularly in areas with significant HIV
prevalence; and</text>
</clause><clause id="HD3AFCE4E36B54890B7D12D685FFCAC10"><enum>(iii)</enum><text>strengthen
programs to ensure that individuals testing positive for HIV receive
tuberculosis screening and to improve laboratory capacities, infection control,
and adherence; and</text>
</clause></subparagraph><subparagraph id="H7ACA0C538D1B4D938617F4F0558CF6F6"><enum>(G)</enum><text>activities
to—</text>
<clause id="H4FFED7F2A10946528748B114FB29A1F6"><enum>(i)</enum><text>improve the
effectiveness of national responses to HIV/AIDS;</text>
</clause><clause id="H805F54F0018847EA87081707A192B675"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>strengthen
overall health systems in high-prevalence countries, including support for
workforce training, retention, and effective deployment, capacity building,
laboratory development, equipment maintenance and repair, and public health and
related public financial management systems and operations;</text>
</clause><clause id="HA05A80CECAD54A22A5AF2DCE12084B25"><enum>(iii)</enum><text>encourage fair
and transparent procurement practices among partner countries; and</text>
</clause><clause id="H6D8330662CC04892B416DD93A46FB431"><enum>(iv)</enum><text>promote
in-country or intra-regional pediatric training for physicians and other health
professionals, preferably through public-private partnerships involving
colleges and universities, with the goal of increasing pediatric HIV workforce
capacity.</text>
</clause></subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H1AADE4425DFC4D82B2FA68F6FF1F66C3"><enum>(7)</enum><header>Comprehensive
hiv/aids public-private partnerships</header><text>The establishment and
operation of public-private partnership entities within countries in
sub-Saharan Africa, the Caribbean, and other countries affected by the HIV/AIDS
pandemic that are dedicated to supporting the national strategy of such
countries regarding the prevention, treatment, and monitoring of HIV/AIDS. Each
such public-private partnership should—</text>
<subparagraph id="HBA680485AB354F0D8869E6419B4F453C"><enum>(A)</enum><text>support the
development, implementation, and management of comprehensive HIV/AIDS plans in
support of the national HIV/AIDS strategy;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H6CC2AA9A084D4C309AD0DB006EB7CF61"><enum>(B)</enum><text>operate at all
times in a manner that emphasizes efficiency, accountability, and
results-driven programs;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H674001AE7156427D8EBC1DC8E1297D5C"><enum>(C)</enum><text>engage both local
and foreign development partners and donors, including businesses, government
agencies, academic institutions, nongovernmental organizations, foundations,
multilateral development agencies, and faith-based organizations, to assist the
country in coordinating and implementing HIV/AIDS prevention, treatment, and
monitoring programs in accordance with its national HIV/AIDS strategy;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HD5665920198F4E3580F5C3CBB68D617D"><enum>(D)</enum><text>provide technical
assistance, consultant services, financial planning, monitoring and evaluation,
and research in support of the national HIV/AIDS strategy; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HE1BB537DD8B047C5810A67358346CFBC"><enum>(E)</enum><text>establish local
human resource capacities for the national HIV/AIDS strategy through the
transfer of medical, managerial, leadership, and technical skills.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H86D745A97B5C4DA0A74124B5D994D8B9"><enum>(8)</enum><header>Compacts and
framework agreements</header><text>The development of compacts or framework
agreements, tailored to local circumstances, with national governments or
regional partnerships in countries with significant HIV/AIDS burdens to promote
host government commitment to deeper integration of HIV/AIDS services into
health systems, contribute to health systems overall, and enhance
sustainability, including—</text>
<subparagraph id="HCA8DF5747A0341D79A6FF396349BFCE8"><enum>(A)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">meaningful cost-sharing assurances by the
partner country; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HBCB9A68AA52745D78EBE5F90A71801CE"><enum>(B)</enum><text>transition
strategies to ensure sustainability of such programs and activities, including
health care systems, under other international donor support, or budget support
by respective foreign governments.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HB68F3E86767C4FD78E77DE984654E351"><enum>(e)</enum><header>Compacts and
framework agreements</header>
<paragraph id="H83D4AABF72C54CAAB906B88364ECE3A7"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Findings</header><text>Congress
makes the following findings:</text>
<subparagraph id="H3CB63248F1E749F9A66D728E8E4C86C6"><enum>(A)</enum><text>The
congressionally mandated Institute of Medicine report entitled <quote>PEPFAR
Implementation: Progress and Promise</quote> states: <quote>The next strategy
[of the U.S. Global AIDS Initiative] should squarely address the needs and
challenges involved in supporting sustainable country HIV/AIDS programs,
thereby transitioning from a focus on emergency relief.</quote>.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H0F83D7B5FF4F4CA8B0432164857C3019"><enum>(B)</enum><text>One mechanism to
promote the transition from an emergency to a public health and development
approach to HIV/AIDS is through compacts or framework agreements between the
United States Government and each participating nation.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H9C1ECA1F746C4BFE90DD95ED8F89E820"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Elements</header><text>Compacts
on HIV/AIDS authorized under subsection (d)(8) shall include the following
elements:</text>
<subparagraph id="H8E7D2377FB8640CA8A2F99D84419D78D"><enum>(A)</enum><text>Compacts whose
primary purpose is to provide direct services to combat HIV/AIDS are to be made
between—</text>
<clause id="H40CF649DA57A4187B18B22BD65138F67"><enum>(i)</enum><text>the United States
Government; and</text>
</clause><clause id="H10042768EFE44B929DAF5345BCF33C32"><enum>(ii)</enum><subclause commented="no" display-inline="yes-display-inline" id="H832B3B5FFEC64308B1F85601AC8685D9"><enum>(I)</enum><text>national or regional
entities representing low-income countries served by an existing United States
Agency for International Development or Department of Health and Human Services
presence or regional platform; or</text>
</subclause><subclause id="H7F876F3ED64A4450AE2958E537CD9493" indent="up1"><enum>(II)</enum><text>countries or regions—</text>
<item id="H87E3AC88F3AC403E851EC92A122F868A"><enum>(aa)</enum><text>experiencing significantly high HIV
prevalence or risk of significantly increasing incidence within the general
population;</text>
</item><item id="HFB73097C80A2402BB58A9E3581C492AA"><enum>(bb)</enum><text>served by an existing United States
Agency for International Development or Department of Health and Human Services
presence or regional platform; and</text>
</item><item id="H878CAD098F30484F9FF852BE030EC5C6"><enum>(cc)</enum><text>that have inadequate financial means
within such country or region.</text>
</item></subclause></clause></subparagraph><subparagraph id="HB7EB2500AB764C4C9B2B98DF83F4B724"><enum>(B)</enum><text>Compacts whose
primary purpose is to provide limited technical assistance to a country or
region connected to services provided within the country or region—</text>
<clause id="H0C224B7F9F204AB2939F12B1BD45C7CC"><enum>(i)</enum><text>may be made with
other countries or regional entities served by an existing United States Agency
for International Development or Department of Health and Human Services
presence or regional platform;</text>
</clause><clause id="HA4026E45BE524028AA92BC89ACCA4B76"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>shall require
significant investments in HIV prevention, care, and treatment services by the
host country;</text>
</clause><clause id="HFB934B7782DA4F7692220CA2AF0FC900"><enum>(iii)</enum><text>shall be
time-limited in terms of United States contributions; and</text>
</clause><clause id="H4FF32CC5AD4741479B460E27E35C35B7"><enum>(iv)</enum><text>shall be made
only upon prior notification to Congress—</text>
<subclause id="HF7622AF4EBB240369A0A38F13D548D11"><enum>(I)</enum><text>justifying the
need for such compacts;</text>
</subclause><subclause id="H9C5854E28ADF4E4E9AB387216F16ADFD"><enum>(II)</enum><text>describing the
expected investment by the country or regional entity; and</text>
</subclause><subclause id="HDC02F068266C4E1E9D2B57D61D737D86"><enum>(III)</enum><text>describing the
scope, nature, expected total United States investment, and time frame of the
limited technical assistance under the compact and its intended impact.</text>
</subclause></clause></subparagraph><subparagraph id="H9831116E47B14ED3B26B3BC057880FFD"><enum>(C)</enum><text>Compacts shall
include provisions to—</text>
<clause id="HDBEA98CAAB5F4F9F90C9420F46D7DBA5"><enum>(i)</enum><text>promote local and
national efforts to reduce stigma associated with HIV/AIDS; and</text>
</clause><clause id="HF70183DA58FB4CFDB0C9F733BDD7206F"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>work with and
promote the role of civil society in combating HIV/AIDS.</text>
</clause></subparagraph><subparagraph id="HE0C1C5BE5C014148B50281A51E4F15AD"><enum>(D)</enum><text>Compacts shall
take into account the overall national health and development and national
HIV/AIDS and public health strategies of each country.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H967A9643198149B99D2DD1AE6B512EA6"><enum>(E)</enum><text>Compacts shall
contain—</text>
<clause id="HAAB6B1DF92D14E58BACD43E138CDB4DC"><enum>(i)</enum><text>consideration of
the specific objectives that the country and the United States expect to
achieve during the term of a compact;</text>
</clause><clause id="HB65545D8DD914BA79BF2EA54736C7799"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>consideration of
the respective responsibilities of the country and the United States in the
achievement of such objectives;</text>
</clause><clause id="HBB1C44BC44674EEB9C29D354747CF889"><enum>(iii)</enum><text>consideration of
regular benchmarks to measure progress toward achieving such objectives;</text>
</clause><clause id="H257A6A2D127E4CD8872494BE81BB216D"><enum>(iv)</enum><text>an identification
of the intended beneficiaries, disaggregated by gender and age, and including
information on orphans and vulnerable children, to the maximum extent
practicable;</text>
</clause><clause id="H6DAB4D02AD814A3AB8D6214FDAC2D9F3"><enum>(v)</enum><text>consideration of
the methods by which the compact is intended to—</text>
<subclause id="H6775414013724634A29218EBD389E3D0"><enum>(I)</enum><text>address the
factors that put women and girls at greater risk of HIV/AIDS; and</text>
</subclause><subclause id="HCED44590C41D4086B7027C7B390ADE64"><enum>(II)</enum><text>strengthen
elements such as the economic, educational, and social status of women, girls,
orphans, and vulnerable children and the inheritance rights and safety of such
individuals;</text>
</subclause></clause><clause id="H59CC805CCBE0441CB72823B1A17D4A06"><enum>(vi)</enum><text>consideration of
the methods by which the compact will—</text>
<subclause id="H7B42F4839FA64A3CAA47A2B7C8F2CA11"><enum>(I)</enum><text>strengthen the
health care capacity, including factors such as the training, retention,
deployment, recruitment, and utilization of health care workers;</text>
</subclause><subclause id="H627A6DC07FD94A2EBDF068C2CC77DD34"><enum>(II)</enum><text>improve supply
chain management; and</text>
</subclause><subclause id="HD452EA3825F04D76B139ED186FBB2F44"><enum>(III)</enum><text>improve the
health systems and infrastructure of the partner country, including the ability
of compact participants to maintain and operate equipment transferred or
purchased as part of the compact;</text>
</subclause></clause><clause id="H99AE20BAAC3D4925B0985A611A5293A8"><enum>(vii)</enum><text>consideration of
proposed mechanisms to provide oversight;</text>
</clause><clause id="H0E7BA3B51E1A4B7496FC36AA386C570D"><enum>(viii)</enum><text>consideration
of the role of civil society in the development of a compact and the
achievement of its objectives;</text>
</clause><clause id="H4ED681614050460E81E5CD95FD727119"><enum>(ix)</enum><text>a
description of the current and potential participation of other donors in the
achievement of such objectives, as appropriate; and</text>
</clause><clause id="H2DE7D8C99C384DFB904689EC601FF7F0"><enum>(x)</enum><text>consideration of a
plan to ensure appropriate fiscal accountability for the use of
assistance.</text>
</clause></subparagraph><subparagraph id="H345CCC51F8D2474DB6FC973C9DC5357A"><enum>(F)</enum><text>For regional
compacts, priority shall be given to countries that are included in regional
funds and programs in existence as of the date of the enactment of the Tom
Lantos and Henry J. Hyde United States Global Leadership Against HIV/AIDS,
Tuberculosis, and Malaria Reauthorization Act of 2008.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H73E43D00D7574CDDBDCC83D9E9D28E9E"><enum>(G)</enum><text>Amounts made
available for compacts described in subparagraphs (A) and (B) shall be subject
to the inclusion of—</text>
<clause id="HBA662D27ED254DF3986AABA6E4C0F7FA"><enum>(i)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">meaningful cost-sharing assurances by the
partner country; and</text>
</clause><clause id="H8CA7B1E9D2A3447497AC8EC3F52CD68F"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>transition
strategies to ensure sustainability of such programs and activities, including
health care systems, under other international donor support, and budget
support by respective foreign governments.</text>
</clause></subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H216E67B1EE86465BA6B2CD9488AC97BC"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Local
input</header><text>In entering into a compact on HIV/AIDS authorized under
subsection (d)(8), the Coordinator of United States Government Activities to
Combat HIV/AIDS Globally shall seek to ensure that the government of a
country—</text>
<subparagraph id="H5434FB5923934FB0905CDB0A748EB27A"><enum>(A)</enum><text>takes into account
the local perspectives of the rural and urban poor, including women, in each
country; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H693B4949060A4436819B6A476F8BDD90"><enum>(B)</enum><text>consults with
private and voluntary organizations, including faith-based organizations, the
business community, and other donors in the country.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="HFF66973AEC914234808539B989187F6C"><enum>(4)</enum><header>Congressional
and public notification after entering into a compact</header><text>Not later
than 10 days after entering into a compact authorized under subsection (d)(8),
the Global AIDS Coordinator shall—</text>
<subparagraph id="HFD939BBB210149B399F5E5D7CE21343C"><enum>(A)</enum><text>submit a report
containing a detailed summary of the compact and a copy of the text of the
compact to—</text>
<clause id="HC30CDBFEAA1E4779AB85040891144B41"><enum>(i)</enum><text>the Committee on
Foreign Relations of the Senate;</text>
</clause><clause id="H2EE97C46A764419EB58D3270018ED237"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>the Committee on
Appropriations of the Senate;</text>
</clause><clause id="HEF6A87CF073940EA85058070E6D79DD2"><enum>(iii)</enum><text>the Committee on
Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives; and</text>
</clause><clause id="H2DDFE6CF753746839BCA53213D0A2196"><enum>(iv)</enum><text>the Committee on
Appropriations of the House of Representatives; and</text>
</clause></subparagraph><subparagraph id="H90D38CD5AA9A492CBD2C4638BCEA7162"><enum>(B)</enum><text>publish such
information in the Federal Register and on the Internet website of the Office
of the Global AIDS Coordinator.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HEB91F1CCEFAD49898513073D691AD2CD"><enum>(f)</enum><header>Annual
Report</header>
<paragraph id="HFB906030F300457B81B5DCE577F064C4"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>Not later than January 31 of each year, the President
shall submit to the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate and the
Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives a report on the
implementation of this section for the prior fiscal year.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H0F8D249D194243209B27490D505A14A1"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Report
elements</header><text>Each report shall include—</text>
<subparagraph id="H8CCEA474FF79410F87AD88DED0162AE8"><enum>(A)</enum><text>a description of
efforts made by each relevant executive branch agency to implement the policies
set forth in this section, section 302, and section 303;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H741D4068C3394EF99F37980F2014B476"><enum>(B)</enum><text>a description of
the programs established pursuant to such sections;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HE3535C61521745AFB6373B18DB3CA318"><enum>(C)</enum><text>a detailed
breakdown of funding allocations, by program and by country, for prevention
activities; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H0588B99B05594DCA86557804CA436085"><enum>(D)</enum><text>a detailed
assessment of the impact of programs established pursuant to such sections,
including—</text>
<clause id="HB7C68BB1A0E44C0A87981F2C2AD89480"><enum>(i)</enum><subclause commented="no" display-inline="yes-display-inline" id="H05737FDF13234419A0E94CCEEC7690F6"><enum>(I)</enum><text>the effectiveness of
such programs in reducing—</text>
<item id="H2AB43DE6535F42BE9BC4EA0F75CC0C78"><enum>(aa)</enum><text>the
transmission of HIV, particularly in women and girls;</text>
</item><item id="H3BCCF7ABF2CB45F4A15367619CE41E46"><enum>(bb)</enum><text>mother-to-child
transmission of HIV, including through drug treatment and therapies, either
directly or by referral; and</text>
</item><item id="HB93A27A3F936449EAD3E0447D76D5B3C"><enum>(cc)</enum><text>mortality rates
from HIV/AIDS;</text>
</item></subclause><subclause id="HF70D540DBD2E4CE2B3D6B2837523A34B" indent="up1"><enum>(II)</enum><text>the number of patients receiving
treatment for AIDS in each country that receives assistance under this
Act;</text>
</subclause><subclause id="H7AE690144EBF4F59B5FE682B9CC75B6A" indent="up1"><enum>(III)</enum><text>an assessment of progress towards the
achievement of annual goals set forth in the timetable required under the
5-year strategy established under section 101 and, if annual goals are not
being met, the reasons for such failure; and</text>
</subclause><subclause id="HF62897B691CE4435931C969B9D33252C" indent="up1"><enum>(IV)</enum><text>retention and attrition data for
programs receiving United States assistance, including mortality and loss to
follow-up rates, organized overall and by country;</text>
</subclause></clause><clause id="H3CDDF9A15C544F178408DED0BA1CD9A6"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>the progress made
toward—</text>
<subclause id="HA59907A6F2904C708D96C296B99B215F"><enum>(I)</enum><text>improving health
care delivery systems (including the training of health care workers, including
doctors, nurses, midwives, pharmacists, laboratory technicians, and compensated
community health workers, and the use of codes of conduct for ethical
recruiting practices for health care workers);</text>
</subclause><subclause id="HD99E7F7F8BCC42C38F7021336971497F"><enum>(II)</enum><text>advancing safe
working conditions for health care workers; and</text>
</subclause><subclause id="H14CF0DF2193F4ED484235A819CCD98AF"><enum>(III)</enum><text>improving
infrastructure to promote progress toward universal access to HIV/AIDS
prevention, treatment, and care by 2013;</text>
</subclause></clause><clause id="H5CBE3CE660514E688D0016BDF5DCEF58"><enum>(iii)</enum><text>a description of
coordination efforts with relevant executive branch agencies to link HIV/AIDS
clinical and social services with non-HIV/AIDS services as part of the United
States health and development agenda;</text>
</clause><clause id="HF44D8C6D24A44D5195753E607D4B26F0"><enum>(iv)</enum><text>a
detailed description of integrated HIV/AIDS and food and nutrition programs and
services, including—</text>
<subclause id="H622BA5ED41AB49B88F0ECEAF76D24A07"><enum>(I)</enum><text>the amount spent
on food and nutrition support;</text>
</subclause><subclause id="HC3E49EF7C2E44ECD802D2462BF2CF166"><enum>(II)</enum><text>the types of
activities supported; and</text>
</subclause><subclause id="H3D0E9B8657B24F9B939F095DC5ECC5FA"><enum>(III)</enum><text>an assessment of
the effectiveness of interventions carried out to improve the health status of
persons with HIV/AIDS receiving food or nutritional support;</text>
</subclause></clause><clause id="H7A93574DBF3A45A1AFA9FC7E4235921D"><enum>(v)</enum><text>a
description of efforts to improve harmonization, in terms of relevant executive
branch agencies, coordination with other public and private entities, and
coordination with partner countries’ national strategic plans as called for in
the <quote>Three Ones</quote>;</text>
</clause><clause id="HE30EEBA4B7584608985FAB95B4852D96"><enum>(vi)</enum><text>a
description of—</text>
<subclause id="H9EF9E970F53B47768FFC99EBC692D223"><enum>(I)</enum><text>the efforts of
partner countries that were signatories to the Abuja Declaration on HIV/AIDS,
Tuberculosis, and Other Related Infectious Diseases to adhere to the goals of
such Declaration in terms of investments in public health, including HIV/AIDS;
and</text>
</subclause><subclause id="H81A95CFF5B9E4F87BC28D195E0261991"><enum>(II)</enum><text>a description of
the HIV/AIDS investments of partner countries that were not signatories to such
Declaration;</text>
</subclause></clause><clause id="H3805AB06A798438A9F22D9AF7FC83B2E"><enum>(vii)</enum><text>a detailed
description of any compacts or framework agreements reached or negotiated
between the United States and any partner countries, including a description of
the elements of compacts described in subsection (e);</text>
</clause><clause id="HF979E047FC5F405FA4EF78EAFC66B2BD"><enum>(viii)</enum><text>a description
of programs serving women and girls, including—</text>
<subclause id="HCDC5C6676A9B4EA3B60413AA47EB0C8A"><enum>(I)</enum><text>HIV/AIDS
prevention programs that address the vulnerabilities of girls and women to
HIV/AIDS;</text>
</subclause><subclause id="HBC03CD64A7864D8C8E2E494823E1A0FC"><enum>(II)</enum><text>information on
the number of individuals served by programs aimed at reducing the
vulnerabilities of women and girls to HIV/AIDS and data on the types,
objectives, and duration of programs to address these issues;</text>
</subclause><subclause id="H30EF828457094625800E937C58A4FB37"><enum>(III)</enum><text>information on
programs to address the particular needs of adolescent girls and young women;
and</text>
</subclause><subclause id="H8DDB09F74D4648EFA71A40E0BB7B1368"><enum>(IV)</enum><text>programs to
prevent gender-based violence or to assist victims of gender based violence as
part of, or in coordination with, HIV/AIDS programs;</text>
</subclause></clause><clause id="H0767F0F00DBB41C08E71EDC4E0436CF8"><enum>(ix)</enum><text>a
description of strategies, goals, programs, and interventions to—</text>
<subclause id="HE62695EC55E84D55B4E863D176654B2D"><enum>(I)</enum><text>address the needs
and vulnerabilities of youth populations;</text>
</subclause><subclause id="H210E4A87CB51469FB5D3B1A4E70A5352"><enum>(II)</enum><text>expand access
among young men and women to evidence-based HIV/AIDS health care services and
HIV prevention programs, including abstinence education programs; and</text>
</subclause><subclause id="H83B71C8161A8478DB5E6DE29DD45F8BE"><enum>(III)</enum><text>expand
community-based services to meet the needs of orphans and of children and
adolescents affected by or vulnerable to HIV/AIDS without increasing
stigmatization;</text>
</subclause></clause><clause id="HA75842B8A10D47DAAD21C8AA856F23DE"><enum>(x)</enum><text>a
description of—</text>
<subclause id="H2E38E4CF36974B01B68DA100689058A0"><enum>(I)</enum><text>the specific
strategies funded to ensure the reduction of HIV infection among injection drug
users;</text>
</subclause><subclause id="H5CA449CD37AE4CF4810AEF52F0DF4210"><enum>(II)</enum><text>the number of
injection drug users, by country, reached by such strategies; and</text>
</subclause><subclause id="H88314A6D29FB460DB68A3558E4F93D5A"><enum>(III)</enum><text>medication-assisted
drug treatment for individuals with HIV or at risk of HIV;</text>
</subclause></clause><clause id="H9467BEA9A69E45708E20B6180B975C32"><enum>(xi)</enum><text>a
detailed description of program monitoring, operations research, and impact
evaluation research, including—</text>
<subclause id="H2ADE40E9573A471DB980B1650BA8AE85"><enum>(I)</enum><text>the amount of
funding provided for each research type;</text>
</subclause><subclause id="H01EB4B29F52745F6A0D01D940AF6244D"><enum>(II)</enum><text>an analysis of
cost-effectiveness models; and</text>
</subclause><subclause id="H4F828957D6E447FEBD193B37B91E8855"><enum>(III)</enum><text>conclusions
regarding the efficiency, effectiveness, and quality of services as derived
from previous or ongoing research and monitoring efforts;</text>
</subclause></clause><clause id="H06B59B2289F54B5CBCF6DA6A90637964"><enum>(xii)</enum><text>building
capacity to identify, investigate, and stop nosocomial transmission of
infectious diseases, including HIV and tuberculosis; and</text>
</clause><clause id="H567273B85BCA459FB584BF4E5EE2F411"><enum>(xiii)</enum><text>a description
of staffing levels of United States Government HIV/AIDS teams in countries with
significant HIV/AIDS programs, including whether or not a full-time coordinator
was on staff for the year.</text>
</clause></subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HB4398DF3942B4592BF0790B7D896F0BA"><enum>(g)</enum><header>Funding
limitation</header><text>Of the funds made available to carry out this section
in any fiscal year, not more than 7 percent may be used for the administrative
expenses of the United States Agency for International Development in support
of activities described in this section, section 302, and section 303. Such
amount shall be in addition to other amounts otherwise available for such
purposes.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H59586DCF19CA4399A05FC7D9E66CE8B8"><enum>(h)</enum><header>Definitions</header><text>In
this section:</text>
<paragraph id="H682F0E294BA246E486CC67E285C00D56"><enum>(1)</enum><header>AIDS</header><text>The
term <term>AIDS</term> means acquired immune deficiency syndrome.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H56EB44DFFDAE4EB4BDA4262C0E014D9D"><enum>(2)</enum><header>HIV</header><text>The
term <term>HIV</term> means the human immunodeficiency virus, the pathogen that
causes AIDS.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H4E8A8E9069D442A386D1588B4591BA18"><enum>(3)</enum><header>HIV/AIDS</header><text>The
term <term>HIV/AIDS</term> means, with respect to an individual, an individual
who is infected with HIV or living with AIDS.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HA2EDC0EA78C64AB891EBEE25BD27ADF8"><enum>(4)</enum><header>Relevant
executive branch agencies</header><text>The term <term>relevant executive
branch agencies</term> means the Department of State, the United States Agency
for International Development, the Department of Health and Human Services
(including its agencies and offices), and any other department or agency of the
United States that participates in international HIV/AIDS activities pursuant
to the authorities of such department or agency or this
Act.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H11FA93FEF585472B959834B0BF04CD58"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Assistance To
combat tuberculosis</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Subtitle
A of title III of the United States Leadership Against HIV/AIDS, Tuberculosis
and Malaria Act of 2003 (22 U.S.C. 7631 et seq.) is amended—</text>
<paragraph id="H33826CF7E2134209B312C90251DD0F2C"><enum>(1)</enum><text>by redesignating
section 302 as section 302A;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HAD8103F995F24DB19AF8844569A07B96"><enum>(2)</enum><text>in the heading of
section 302A (as redesignated), by inserting <quote><header-in-text level="section" style="OLC">other provisions relating
to</header-in-text></quote> before <quote><header-in-text level="section" style="OLC">assistance</header-in-text></quote>; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H6AD8E6B062E941D89E1094D7BAEB3BB1"><enum>(3)</enum><text>by inserting
before section 302A (as redesignated) the following new section:</text>
<quoted-block display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H4CED15B0193140B59E23CBE0487855A7" style="OLC">
<section id="HD811ABD65F6749C2A48FE6450C7B8F60"><enum>302.</enum><header>Assistance to
combat tuberculosis</header>
<subsection id="H26DAB252717D44CC9CFDC362255CD640"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Findings</header><text>Congress
makes the following findings:</text>
<paragraph id="H26C2951865B449369427443CDBD85950"><enum>(1)</enum><text>Congress
recognizes the growing international problem of tuberculosis and the impact its
continued existence has on those countries that had previously largely
controlled the disease.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HC3D63B2B16904A80B4BC8CA54D953CA4"><enum>(2)</enum><text>Congress further
recognizes that the means exist to control and treat tuberculosis through
expanded use of the DOTS (Directly Observed Treatment Short-course) treatment
strategy, including DOTS–Plus to address multi-drug resistant tuberculosis, and
adequate investment in newly created mechanisms to increase access to
treatment, including the Global Tuberculosis Drug Facility established in 2001
pursuant to the Amsterdam Declaration to Stop TB and the Global Alliance for TB
Drug Development.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H3B22C82D870245E0A7928488FB10C6C4"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Policy</header><text>It
is a major objective of the foreign assistance program of the United States to
control tuberculosis. In all countries in which the Government of the United
States has established development programs, particularly in countries with the
highest burden of tuberculosis and other countries with high rates of
tuberculosis, the United States should support the objectives of the Global
Plan to Stop TB, including through achievement of the following goals:</text>
<paragraph id="H1A59F071E9DB4B92869C3C8818C6AA54"><enum>(1)</enum><text>Reduce by half the
tuberculosis death and disease burden from the 1990 baseline.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H4794C2ACCC0C41F48131B79E09BA1D0B"><enum>(2)</enum><text>Sustain or exceed
the detection of at least 70 percent of sputum smear-positive cases of
tuberculosis and the successful treatment of at least 85 percent of the cases
detected in countries with established United States Agency for International
Development tuberculosis programs.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H99DE039C34AD4494889869C6F6E8F554"><enum>(3)</enum><text>In support of the
Global Plan to Stop TB, the President shall establish a comprehensive, 5-year
United States strategy to expand and improve United States efforts to combat
tuberculosis globally, including a plan to support—</text>
<subparagraph id="HE28B915644714CF5B3E3A8E29C90D3B5"><enum>(A)</enum><text>the successful
treatment of 4,500,000 new sputum smear tuberculosis patients under DOTS
programs by 2013, primarily through direct support for needed services,
commodities, health workers, and training, and additional treatment through
coordinated multilateral efforts; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H6F63727E2AC84AD9A27BA3E7BB8A39F3"><enum>(B)</enum><text>the diagnosis and
treatment of 90,000 new multiple drug resistant tuberculosis cases by 2013, and
additional treatment through coordinated multilateral efforts.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H55E857D9A4DF48BC92DF9FFC356B094B"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Authorization</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">To carry out this section and consistent
with section 1321 of the <short-title>Global Partnerships
Act of 2012</short-title>, the President is authorized to furnish assistance,
on such terms and conditions as the President may determine, for the
prevention, treatment, control, and elimination of tuberculosis.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H738C428CB2A04A78A1279045991A001D"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Coordination</header><text>In
carrying out this section, the President shall coordinate with the World Health
Organization, the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis, and Malaria, and
other organizations with respect to the development and implementation of a
comprehensive tuberculosis control program.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H6BEB1CA20F394830B1E440829D535B5D"><enum>(e)</enum><header>Priority To stop
TB strategy</header><text>In furnishing assistance under subsection (c), the
President shall give priority to—</text>
<paragraph id="H323CDD06AD60476DACFB7D20F4064F01"><enum>(1)</enum><text>direct services
described in the Stop TB Strategy, including expansion and enhancement of
Directly Observed Treatment Short-course (DOTS) coverage, rapid testing,
treatment for individuals infected with both tuberculosis and HIV, and
treatment for individuals with multi-drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR–TB),
strengthening of health systems, use of the International Standards for
Tuberculosis Care by all providers, empowering individuals with tuberculosis,
and enabling and promoting research to develop new diagnostics, drugs, and
vaccines, and program-based operational research relating to tuberculosis;
and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HC1251D390CA54644A58F29C029E74886"><enum>(2)</enum><text>funding for the
Global Tuberculosis Drug Facility, the Stop Tuberculosis Partnership, and the
Global Alliance for TB Drug Development.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H66813A36742D44F0ABAF2294BCF65FB1"><enum>(f)</enum><header>Assistance for
the world health organization and the stop tuberculosis
partnership</header><text>In carrying out this section, the President, acting
through the Administrator of the United States Agency for International
Development, is authorized to provide increased resources to the World Health
Organization and the Stop Tuberculosis Partnership to improve the capacity of
countries with high rates of tuberculosis and other affected countries to
implement the Stop TB Strategy and specific strategies related to addressing
multiple drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR–TB) and extensively drug resistant
tuberculosis (XDR–TB).</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HF91822451896406CBB8C2CAB10F84C47"><enum>(g)</enum><header>Annual
report</header><text>The President shall submit an annual report to Congress
that describes the impact of United States foreign assistance on efforts to
control tuberculosis, including—</text>
<paragraph id="HA40580496C1A45D5A9C30F100014A0FF"><enum>(1)</enum><text>the number of
tuberculosis cases diagnosed and the number of cases cured in countries
receiving United States bilateral foreign assistance for tuberculosis control
purposes;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H2478FF62017C440E98503A719A9844C0"><enum>(2)</enum><text>a description of
activities supported with United States tuberculosis resources in each country,
including a description of how those activities specifically contribute to
increasing the number of people diagnosed and treated for tuberculosis;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H5B590F03A2164ADCA98F179552B43A67"><enum>(3)</enum><text>in each country
receiving bilateral United States foreign assistance for tuberculosis control
purposes, the percentage provided for direct tuberculosis services in countries
receiving United States bilateral foreign assistance for tuberculosis control
purposes;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HC33F3003598B47558FDCF5A900039A3C"><enum>(4)</enum><text>a description of
research efforts and clinical trials to develop new tools to combat
tuberculosis, including diagnostics, drugs, and vaccines supported by United
States bilateral assistance;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H42420644CEFD4069B28326227C5C8EC3"><enum>(5)</enum><text>the number of
persons who have been diagnosed and started treatment for multidrug-resistant
tuberculosis in countries receiving United States bilateral foreign assistance
for tuberculosis control programs;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H518DA1D97B24438A87C6F89CEE00E229"><enum>(6)</enum><text>a description of
the collaboration and coordination of United States anti-tuberculosis efforts
with the World Health Organization, the Global Fund, and other major public and
private entities within the Stop TB Strategy;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HA78F5F096ED844419C780CE9CFE8AC88"><enum>(7)</enum><text>the constraints on
implementation of programs posed by health workforce shortages and
capacities;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H4622A85754FF47169EAD1D1CABBD6AA8"><enum>(8)</enum><text>the number of
people trained in tuberculosis control; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HBF2D763CB3A94C6F810D37724460E721"><enum>(9)</enum><text>a breakdown of
expenditures for direct patient tuberculosis services, drugs and other
commodities, drug management, training in diagnosis and treatment, health
systems strengthening, research, and support costs.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H2395D9F3DBB0463EB2AD62443FDBE85E"><enum>(h)</enum><header>Definitions</header><text>In
this section:</text>
<paragraph id="HC5293FDBAC5048AF8438CB317D30B9F9"><enum>(1)</enum><header>DOTS</header><text>The
term <term>DOTS</term> or <term>Directly Observed Treatment Short-course</term>
means the World Health Organization-recommended strategy for treating
tuberculosis, including—</text>
<subparagraph id="H7EFC3599F6F34098A86DBEF5AE3DD05B"><enum>(A)</enum><text>low-cost and
effective diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring of tuberculosis;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HE609FEF64E464817B19592490C552F8D"><enum>(B)</enum><text>a reliable drug
supply;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H95CA04851D30432D9454E508E457912C"><enum>(C)</enum><text>a management
strategy for public health systems;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H094B799AFB5F41B6876D6E2B587B5A42"><enum>(D)</enum><text>health system
strengthening;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H25F379E5429B40C3B1F0AF883D1CFE28"><enum>(E)</enum><text>promotion of the
use of the International Standards for Tuberculosis Care by all care
providers;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HB554433183924D69A6A594B9F94B9B70"><enum>(F)</enum><text>bacteriology under
an external quality assessment framework;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H78CFD61F84D944C39849DFA694048073"><enum>(G)</enum><text>short-course
chemotherapy; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H1C72EA899B0A4C858D69B1E865EDFFA6"><enum>(H)</enum><text>sound reporting
and recording systems.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H690DAB0D25774248AE195EE64BE96560"><enum>(2)</enum><header>DOTS–<enum-in-header>P</enum-in-header>lus</header><text>The
term <term>DOTS–Plus</term> means a comprehensive tuberculosis management
strategy that is built upon and works as a supplement to the standard DOTS
strategy, and which takes into account specific issues (such as use of second
line anti-tuberculosis drugs) that need to be addressed in areas where there is
high prevalence of multidrug resistant tuberculosis.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HDBB840D373D34276A5DB8906EF09CB74"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Global alliance
for tuberculosis drug development</header><text>The term <term>Global Alliance
for Tuberculosis Drug Development</term> means the public-private partnership
that brings together leaders in health, science, philanthropy, and private
industry to devise new approaches to tuberculosis and to ensure that new
medications are available and affordable in high tuberculosis burden countries
and other affected countries.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H750A053D6CEC4169B6803DB23910F991"><enum>(5)</enum><header>Stop TB
strategy</header><text>The term <term>Stop TB Strategy</term> means the 6-point
strategy to reduce tuberculosis developed by the World Health Organization,
which is described in the Global Plan to Stop TB 2006–2015: Actions for Life, a
comprehensive plan developed by the Stop TB Partnership that sets out the
actions necessary to achieve the millennium development goal of cutting
tuberculosis deaths and disease burden in half by 2015.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H3AC1B07FDC8C4A339E558BEEF0AAD5FC"><enum>(6)</enum><header>Stop
tuberculosis partnership</header><text>The term <term>Stop Tuberculosis
Partnership</term> means the partnership of the World Health Organization,
donors including the United States, high tuberculosis burden countries,
multilateral agencies, and nongovernmental and technical agencies committed to
short- and long-term measures required to control and eventually eliminate
tuberculosis as a public health problem in the
world.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H826CCCE6A1BF4D84821D5D9E857F6BF3"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Assistance To
combat malaria</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Subtitle A of
title III of the United States Leadership Against HIV/AIDS, Tuberculosis and
Malaria Act of 2003 (22 U.S.C. 7631 et seq.) is amended—</text>
<paragraph id="H225D5A114FE047E3AE447087A559E4FA"><enum>(1)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">by redesignating section 303 as section
303A;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H975B5AD97620496A9DED906FE6BD6095"><enum>(2)</enum><text>in the heading of
section 303A (as redesignated), by inserting <quote><header-in-text level="section" style="OLC">other provisions relating
to</header-in-text></quote> before <quote><header-in-text level="section" style="OLC">assistance</header-in-text></quote>; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H1834157310D444E6A6E0A4BA1B2B513D"><enum>(3)</enum><text>by inserting
before section 303A (as redesignated) the following new section:</text>
<quoted-block display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H2B3A877249CC46FF8C98474A6E561F8E" style="OLC">
<section id="H8590A07B4864422EA386F69354C577D5"><enum>303.</enum><header>Assistance to
combat malaria</header>
<subsection id="HB804CD012A304CD48924737D954CAB0B"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Finding</header><text>Congress
finds that malaria kills more people annually than any other communicable
disease except tuberculosis, that more than 90 percent of all malaria cases are
in sub-Saharan Africa, and that children and women are particularly at risk.
Congress recognizes that there are cost-effective tools to decrease the spread
of malaria and that malaria is a curable disease if promptly diagnosed and
adequately treated.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H3FA7837365A34DF6855E56D6EE65EC8E"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Policy</header><text>It
is a major objective of the foreign assistance program of the United States to
provide assistance for the prevention, control, treatment, and cure of
malaria.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HC304BD2BF65E44D5BE26F54C91C2CD3C"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Authorization</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">To carry out this section and consistent
with section 1321 of the <short-title>Global Partnerships
Act of 2012</short-title>, the President is authorized to furnish assistance,
on such terms and conditions as the President may determine, for the
prevention, treatment, control, and elimination of malaria.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H482B619EE7E448C39E0C8E9DC656255E"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Coordination</header><text>In
carrying out this section, the President shall coordinate with the World Health
Organization, the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis, and Malaria, the
Department of Health and Human Services (the Centers for Disease Control and
Prevention and the National Institutes of Health), and other organizations with
respect to the development and implementation of a comprehensive malaria
control
program.</text>
</subsection></section><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HADDE0250E06D4AE28BB63788C4E84F1B"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Technical and
conforming amendments</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The
United States Leadership Against HIV/AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria Act of 2003
(22 U.S.C. 7601 et seq.) is amended—</text>
<paragraph id="H9544D65889324DE58DC6C7000265F2FD"><enum>(1)</enum><text>in section 3(12),
by striking <quote>Foreign Assistance Act of 1961</quote> and inserting
<quote>Global Partnerships Act of 2012</quote>;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H06AFE6E7FB754EC69A218D793C70C756"><enum>(2)</enum><text>in section
101(f)(1)(A), by inserting at the end before the period the following:
<quote>(as such sections were in effect on the day before the date of the
enactment of the Global Partnerships Act of 2012)</quote>;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H6445681C132043DCBDCAF1A71D064776"><enum>(3)</enum><text>in section
202(d)(4)(B)—</text>
<subparagraph id="H63FB70681A774C288BE06010A42EC6B6"><enum>(A)</enum><text>in clause (iii),
by striking <quote>section 104A of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (as added
by section 301 of this Act)</quote> and inserting <quote>section 301 of this
Act</quote>; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HCB6F0D7B193B4ADCBA0532093E71BADC"><enum>(B)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">in clause (iv), by striking <quote>sections
104A, 104B, and 104C of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (as added by title
III of this Act)</quote> and inserting <quote>sections 301, 302, and 303 of
this Act</quote>;</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="HCBA3916397AC4C1DB1AB76B76C3106E6"><enum>(4)</enum><text>in section
204(b)(1), by striking <quote>section 129 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961
(22 U.S.C. 2152)</quote> and inserting <quote>section 1132 of the Global
Partnerships Act of 2012</quote>;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H83C485C426B049AC8C05BE83D773AD4C"><enum>(5)</enum><text>in section 301A
(as redesignated)—</text>
<subparagraph id="HE517CE5157444996BABA3925F6597917"><enum>(A)</enum><text>in subsection
(b)—</text>
<clause id="H24DBC5B6A150484BAD50F223ECA23D4E"><enum>(i)</enum><text>in
paragraph (1)—</text>
<subclause id="H49C48262961D495BA65BD34A71615309"><enum>(I)</enum><text>by striking
<quote>section 104(c) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C.
2151b(c))</quote> and inserting <quote>section 1304 of the Global Partnerships
Act of 2012</quote>; and</text>
</subclause><subclause id="HA5A1C69E3251466E9325452DA41AF2CE"><enum>(II)</enum><text>by striking
<quote>section 104A of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, as added by
subsection (a)</quote> and inserting <quote>section 301</quote>; and</text>
</subclause></clause><clause id="H9CE73E14196448DAB8F3FCDD4EAFEE87"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>in
paragraph (3), by striking <quote>section 104A(d)(4) of the Foreign Assistance
Act of 1961 (as added by subsection (a))</quote> and inserting <quote>section
301(d)(5)</quote>; and</text>
</clause></subparagraph><subparagraph id="H4765131D75B54CEA8640FF12FAE07914"><enum>(B)</enum><text>in subsection (d),
by striking <quote>under section 104A of the Foreign Assistance Act of
1961</quote> and inserting <quote>under section 1304 of the Global Partnerships
Act of 2012</quote>;</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H9CEE1284F03A412484B9FD09A08C50D2"><enum>(6)</enum><text>in section
302A(b)(1) (as redesignated)—</text>
<subparagraph display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H33B0E9FB4DDD4D1BBAE5A5A3FBF8A62E"><enum>(A)</enum><text>by striking
<quote>section 104(c) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C.
2151b(c))</quote> and inserting <quote>section 1304 of the Global Partnerships
Act of 2012</quote>; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H4D68579E99834DB89525F82C1A82EE91"><enum>(B)</enum><text>by striking
<quote>section 104B of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, as added by
subsection (a)</quote> and inserting <quote>section 302</quote>; and</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H1761EFC3762F43F692AAF0F4CD87EAB6"><enum>(7)</enum><text>in section
303A(b)(1) (as redesignated)—</text>
<subparagraph id="HD788B71421D942D584987A47788D6399"><enum>(A)</enum><text>by striking
<quote>section 104(c) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C.
2151b(c))</quote> and inserting <quote>section 1304 of the Global Partnerships
Act of 2012</quote>; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HF33B874768DA4B94BC5187BA6418AA04"><enum>(B)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">by striking <quote>section 104C of the
Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, as added by subsection (a)</quote> and
inserting <quote>section 303</quote>;</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H22557AAA255C4CAB9116D486B3A33E3A"><enum>(8)</enum><text>in section 304A
(as redesignated)—</text>
<subparagraph id="HBDC4253282D74A0AA29005BE2CB062D6"><enum>(A)</enum><text>in subsection (e),
by striking <quote>section 104C of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22
U.S.C. 2151b–4)</quote> and inserting <quote>section 303</quote>; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HC0C68E96DBAD4B839FD2AF666453B652"><enum>(B)</enum><text>in subsection (f),
by striking <quote>section 104C</quote>;</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H9FA82A03D2754E10A6680FB43A83467B"><enum>(9)</enum><text>in section
312(c)(4)(C)(ii), by striking <quote>104A(f) of the Foreign Assistance Act of
1961</quote> and inserting <quote>section 301(f)</quote>; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H9CFF41EDF4274F52A5E9A384377CE079"><enum>(10)</enum><text>in section
403—</text>
<subparagraph id="H2A5B9DBAFD4C401BB184DF65DE4095AE"><enum>(A)</enum><text>in subsection
(a)(4), by striking <quote>section 104A(e) of the Foreign Assistance Act of
1961 (22 U.S.C. 2151b–2(e))</quote> and inserting <quote>section 301(e) of this
Act</quote>; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H1E793A7C6C6D49D8A743ED63311D3068"><enum>(B)</enum><text>in subsection
(d)(4), by striking <quote>section 104A(b)(1)(A) of the Foreign Assistance Act
of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2151b–2(b)(1)(A))</quote> and inserting <quote>section
301(b)(1)(A) of this Act</quote>.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HBFE15D7A3E7F463996C3141ECD6D43F7"><enum>(e)</enum><header>Clerical
amendment</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The table of
contents in section 1(b) of the United States Leadership Against HIV/AIDS,
Tuberculosis and Malaria Act of 2003 (22 U.S.C. 7601 note) is amended by
striking the items relating to sections 301 through 303 and inserting the
following new items:</text>
<quoted-block display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HA659131700794E2BADC7A85D085A030B" style="OLC">
<toc regeneration="no-regeneration">
<toc-entry level="section">Sec. 301. Assistance to combat
HIV/AIDS.</toc-entry>
<toc-entry level="section">Sec. 301A. Other provisions relating to
assistance to combat HIV/AIDS.</toc-entry>
<toc-entry level="section">Sec. 302. Assistance to combat
tuberculosis.</toc-entry>
<toc-entry level="section">Sec. 302A. Other provisions relating to
assistance to combat tuberculosis.</toc-entry>
<toc-entry level="section">Sec. 303. Assistance to combat
malaria.</toc-entry>
<toc-entry level="section">Sec. 303A. Other provisions relating to
assistance to combat
malaria.</toc-entry>
</toc>
<after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block>
</subsection><subsection id="H4EB88D39E7644EAC9E85445DD492251A"><enum>(f)</enum><header>Transfer of
prior year funds</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Unobligated
balances of funds made available under sections 104A, 104B and 104C of the
Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (as in effect on the day before the date of the
enactment of this Act) shall be transferred to, merged with, and made available
for the same purposes as funds made available under sections 301, 302 and 303,
respectively, of the United States Leadership Against HIV/AIDS, Tuberculosis
and Malaria Act of 2003 (as added by this section).</text>
</subsection></section><section id="HDCF7C63EE7404CA7A2CE362121BCF8FD"><enum>12102.</enum><header>Amendments to
the Millennium Challenge Act of 2003</header>
<subsection id="HCDD0A018C7B24938B2C238D21ADE4102"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Extension of
compacts</header><text>Section 609(j) of the Millennium Challenge Act of 2003
(22 U.S.C. 7708(j)) is amended to read as follows:</text>
<quoted-block id="HAE64FA3C456646A98BE6AF91090A7CAC" style="OLC">
<subsection id="HE06A36BC3CDA4AF1B7EBBC48CCE33AD7"><enum>(j)</enum><header>Extension of
compact</header>
<paragraph id="HEF500E3A9DCC4EC181513F8924E32AA0"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>Except as provided under paragraph (2), the duration of a
Compact shall not exceed 5 years.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H7AF48A0E13354687A9398716F3759196"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Exception</header><text>The
duration of a Compact may be extended beyond 5 years if—</text>
<subparagraph id="H745195316B764A7C9A33C226A7626042"><enum>(A)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">the Compact was signed prior to the date of
enactment of the Global Partnerships Act of 2012;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H4BBD009974BA4DF2940B9DE14DCF684B"><enum>(B)</enum><text>the Board
determines that a project included in the Compact cannot be completed in 5
years or less;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H8BCC0E1319F74CB8A469E288BC3A19EB"><enum>(C)</enum><text>the Board approves
an extension of the Compact that does not extend the total duration of the
Compact beyond 7 years; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H3BC2BAAA094E4D30BDBBBF482D00D6CB"><enum>(D)</enum><text>the appropriate
congressional committees are notified in accordance with subsection
(i).</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block>
</subsection><subsection id="HE8D01A30D55346E287A2D6126FACE497"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Concurrent and
subsequent compacts</header>
<paragraph id="H83454E8F347B403E85CA13F4135B4B43"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>Section 609(k) of the Millennium Challenge Act of 2003
(22 U.S.C. 7708(k)) is amended to read as follows:</text>
<quoted-block id="H2A3B665478B847088F95012B360D7050" style="OLC">
<subsection id="H136E3865720D460A972D6D73CD49AF7E"><enum>(k)</enum><header>Concurrent and
subsequent compacts</header>
<paragraph id="H9EAB107CD41D4B3AA3B44C5F00D43BCA"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Subject to paragraph
(2), and in accordance with the requirements of this title, an eligible country
and the United States—</text>
<subparagraph id="H5C57B76D22EE481D8890B4434ECADDA3"><enum>(A)</enum><text>may enter into and
have in effect more than one Compact at any given time; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H8DEA960B733848B387DF6D477E8AAC4B"><enum>(B)</enum><text>may enter into
subsequent Compacts after the expiration of existing Compacts.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="HADD04912A2F84F37B5241CE96E63F585"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Requirements</header><text>An
eligible country and the United States may enter into concurrent or subsequent
Compacts if the Board determines that such country—</text>
<subparagraph id="H5835223330CA4FE3B9FFE35FE59FAC83"><enum>(A)</enum><text>is making or has
made significant, consistent progress in implementing the terms of any existing
or prior Compact; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HCC67D026BB93437FB747EF9308D2DCC0"><enum>(B)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">will contribute, in the case of a candidate
country as defined in section 606(a), not less than 7.5 percent of the total
amount agreed upon for a subsequent Compact, or in the case of a candidate
country as defined in section 606(b), not less than 15 percent of the total
amount agreed upon for a subsequent Compact.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H5515A6D757F84A35AB0180532C504515"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Funding</header><text>The
Corporation shall commit any funding for a concurrent Compact at the time it
funds the Compact.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H72DB8FAE73734704954756D2BC875EB2"><enum>(4)</enum><header>Timing</header><text>A
concurrent Compact shall be signed not later than 2 years after the signing of
the earlier Compact.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HA2CC0D6078A9441396889CB53FB04A79"><enum>(5)</enum><header>Limitation</header><text>The
Corporation may provide not more than 15 years of Compact funding to any
country.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HE3712C490F5A4DE683052A775D89E64F"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Effective
date</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The amendment made by
paragraph (1) applies with respect to Compacts entered into between the United
States and an eligible country under the Millennium Challenge Act of 2003 (22
U.S.C. 7701 et seq.) before, on, or after the date of the enactment of this
Act.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H3D7394D02897495E90598EF9A76AAD8A"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Maintaining
candidate status for purposes of income category</header><text>Section 606 of
the Millennium Challenge Act of 2003 (22 U.S.C. 7705) is amended—</text>
<paragraph id="H3965A20F523B4DB1A69259134B33E4C4"><enum>(1)</enum><text>in subsection
(a)—</text>
<subparagraph id="H8AE09018D2E943A6ABA366447931EB70"><enum>(A)</enum><text>in paragraph
(1)—</text>
<clause id="H6E1D915218AF4E4486F9ED1DD1A5B266"><enum>(i)</enum><text>in
the heading, by striking <quote><header-in-text level="paragraph" style="OLC">Fiscal year 2004</header-in-text></quote> and inserting
<quote><header-in-text level="paragraph" style="OLC">In
general</header-in-text></quote>;</text>
</clause><clause id="H7CAF54489D8942B3A200FA5FAA5100B7"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>in
the matter preceding subparagraph (A), by striking <quote>for fiscal year
2004</quote> and inserting <quote>for a fiscal year</quote>;</text>
</clause><clause id="H643ECBF47EF04DAC9EB8EDD34813BF0A"><enum>(iii)</enum><text>in
subparagraph (A) to read as follows:</text>
<quoted-block display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HC43DE2AD6F7A4A7BB626038B3AF22512" style="OLC">
<subparagraph id="H2184983CFFA94D599A08ACCAB943A520"><enum>(A)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">the country—</text>
<clause id="H376F6262D61B4CE4A966C539410A46FF"><enum>(i)</enum><text>has a per capita
income that is not greater than the World Bank’s lower middle income country
threshold for such fiscal year; and</text>
</clause><clause id="H14D27D1AB06A45989A1360256B5CB288"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>is among the 75
lowest per capita income countries, as identified by the World Bank;
and</text>
</clause></subparagraph><after-quoted-block>;
and</after-quoted-block></quoted-block>
</clause><clause id="H0531536C58284217964DDDE1FBFDAEFD"><enum>(iv)</enum><text>in
subparagraph (B), by striking <quote>subject to paragraph (3)</quote> and
inserting <quote>subject to paragraph (2)</quote>;</text>
</clause></subparagraph><subparagraph id="H084989F796A14FBAAA464595966A890B"><enum>(B)</enum><text>by striking
paragraph (2); and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H74A37F2E783F45F594289D003E1E243B"><enum>(C)</enum><text>by redesignating
paragraph (3) as paragraph (2);</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H1809B725B4AF40838C9A6BA8A8414698"><enum>(2)</enum><text>in subsection
(b)—</text>
<subparagraph id="HF28681670D264BDC86A8078C533AB935"><enum>(A)</enum><text>in paragraph
(1)—</text>
<clause id="H299D1BAB80AC4B9FAC8C0D789CE3687D"><enum>(i)</enum><text>in
the matter preceding subparagraph (A), by striking <quote>for fiscal year 2006
or a subsequent fiscal year</quote> and inserting <quote>for a fiscal
year</quote>; and</text>
</clause><clause id="H62E1B9DD468841CDA69259D420E2D615"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>by
striking subparagraphs (A) and (B) and inserting the following:</text>
<quoted-block display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H7D9C1B4CC89E4BA7BE651BF22ED2B331" style="OLC">
<subparagraph id="H249D7C123808466299408F1F2C3E5C6A"><enum>(A)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">has a per capita income that is not greater
than the World Bank’s lower middle income country threshold for such fiscal
year;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H1431667626A54D17A63D55266420F56A"><enum>(B)</enum><text>is not among the
75 lowest per capita income countries as identified by the World Bank;
and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H513EB00DF3E8447293C2F5AD5C43F9A0"><enum>(C)</enum><text>meets the
requirements under subsection
(a)(1)(B).</text>
</subparagraph><after-quoted-block>;
and</after-quoted-block></quoted-block>
</clause></subparagraph><subparagraph id="HC8322ADFB2CB4FD1B9FE527C590356A0"><enum>(B)</enum><text>in paragraph
(2)—</text>
<clause id="H1D6B8D516B7447A3BAF703159E2D11D4"><enum>(i)</enum><text>by
striking <quote>for fiscal year 2006 or any subsequent fiscal year</quote> and
inserting <quote>for a fiscal year</quote>; and</text>
</clause><clause id="HBE6710DC4731456B85CCE1108C5908E4"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>by
striking <quote>for fiscal year 2006 or the subsequent fiscal year, as the case
may be</quote> and inserting <quote>for such fiscal year</quote>;</text>
</clause></subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H87A11A3237174EB5AC49F65860E8DE1A"><enum>(3)</enum><text>by redesignating
existing subsection (c) as subsection (d); and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H638FE305B5664265A6AE26208B0A7F6D"><enum>(4)</enum><text>by inserting after
subsection (b) the following:</text>
<quoted-block display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H19CD5DF86F814E97B512C3AF3B654803" style="OLC">
<subsection id="HE88B1E2E6C1B4008B6E30A10D0897DC7"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Maintaining
candidate status</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Any
candidate country whose per capita income changes in a given fiscal year such
that the country’s income classification as ‘low income’ or ‘lower middle
income’ changes, shall retain its candidacy at the former income category for
the year of such transition and for the two subsequent fiscal
years.</text>
</subsection><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HBE209E4831EE4A52AC360E2BAFCF4FF5"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Conforming
amendments</header><text>The Millennium Challenge Act of 2003 is
amended—</text>
<paragraph id="HB5A05C29FEDE4DF48197C2C31BD6B249"><enum>(1)</enum><text>in section
603(1)(A) (22 U.S.C. 7702(1)(A)), by striking <quote>International
Relations</quote> and inserting <quote>Foreign Affairs</quote>;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H1580CB1FCECD4007B0A70AE7F8864810"><enum>(2)</enum><text>in section
605(e)(4) (22 U.S.C. 7704(e)(4))—</text>
<subparagraph id="H8BFC10E7780F4B1183844FBA544E29FE"><enum>(A)</enum><text>by striking
<quote>The prohibitions on use of funds contained in paragraphs (1) through (3)
of section 104(f) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C.
2151b(f)(1)–(3))</quote> and inserting <quote>The principles and restrictions
on use of funds contained in section 1305 of the Global Partnerships Act of
2012</quote>; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H0C7AE23EDA3740338CEBE2722D82D5FC"><enum>(B)</enum><text>by striking
<quote>part I</quote> and inserting <quote>title I</quote>;</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="HE7EE60A9C17F47E7B37646391C911772"><enum>(3)</enum><text>in section
606(a)(1)(B) (22 U.S.C. 7705(a)(1)(B))—</text>
<subparagraph id="HF0DA0D605C57493BBBF52ECD7E4F5CB3"><enum>(A)</enum><text>by striking
<quote>part I of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961</quote> and inserting
<quote>title I of the Global Partnerships Act of 2012</quote>; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H67718747A0DF42E3A51DCD3C87F98098"><enum>(B)</enum><text>by striking
<quote>any provision of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961</quote> and
inserting <quote>any provision of the Global Partnerships Act of 2012</quote>;
and</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H3ECB9C05880549FCB49BF73BF86741D3"><enum>(4)</enum><text>in section 614(d)
(22 U.S.C. 7713(d)), by striking <quote>Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22
U.S.C. 2151 et seq.)</quote> and inserting <quote>Global Partnerships Act of
2012</quote>.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section id="H1961869D4A234181A7674AAF126344AA"><enum>12103.</enum><header>Amendments to
the Migration and Refugee Assistance Act of 1962</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">Section 2(c) of the Migration and Refugee
Assistance Act of 1962 (22 U.S.C. 2601(c)) is amended—</text>
<paragraph id="HB5F6D510AF8345DE9A5C54D62FE19C35"><enum>(1)</enum><text>in paragraph (1),
by striking <quote>President</quote> and inserting <quote>Secretary of
State</quote>; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H887C392777A744A0BDFB2180A19DB9E8"><enum>(2)</enum><text>in paragraph (2),
by striking <quote>$100,000,000</quote> and inserting
<quote>$200,000,000</quote>.</text>
</paragraph></section><section id="H7020D4F8AA944F61B879CE48F8879129"><enum>12104.</enum><header>Amendments to
the Fulbright-Hays Act</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">The
Mutual Educational and Cultural Exchange Act of 1961 (commonly known as the
<quote>Fulbright-Hays Act</quote>) is amended—</text>
<paragraph id="HC3FF608B2E3D4A308C368C4550643BD5"><enum>(1)</enum><text>in section
102(b)(3) (22 U.S.C. 2452(b)(3)), by inserting <quote>, hospital centers for
medical education and research, and other</quote> after <quote>operation of
schools</quote>; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H8BC9939D308F409FA94F9EFA9B340C7D"><enum>(2)</enum><text>in section
112(a)(5) (22 U.S.C. 2460(a)(5)) to read as follows:</text>
<quoted-block display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H61BD343EC214417AAA5E8F1312FF19C7" style="OLC">
<paragraph id="H39E368D4566244BB8BA2BC7707E66281"><enum>(5)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">the American Schools and Hospitals Abroad
Program which provides financial assistance to the operations of
American-sponsored schools, hospital centers for medical education and
research, and other institutions of learning
abroad;</text>
</paragraph><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block>
</paragraph></section></subtitle><subtitle id="H36ABAA47D6F04976927731E3EDE6A0D9"><enum>B</enum><header>Repeals</header>
<section id="HB31A4329FF7643D99BFA5B63D64901EB"><enum>12201.</enum><header>Repeal of
laws incorporated in this Act</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">The following provisions of law are hereby
repealed:</text>
<paragraph id="H3393A40099C645B6A74B7B88A437138D"><enum>(1)</enum><text>The Foreign
Assistance Act of 1961 (Public Law 87–195).</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H274D8ABBEF5D43958BAB7F2AE9DFD09B"><enum>(2)</enum><text>The Arms Export
Control Act (Public Law 90–629).</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HD3B98E1A491341F7AD6FD526D9EF4EBF"><enum>(3)</enum><text>Sections 664 and
665 of the Foreign Relations Authorization Act, Fiscal Year 2003 (Public Law
107–228).</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H8C906A9F5DF246379859BF6F8469CFE1"><enum>(4)</enum><text>Sections 2121 and
2122 of the ADVANCE Democracy Act of 2007 (title XXI of Public Law
110–53).</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HB1B60255013C4FF48442859A87F4F565"><enum>(5)</enum><text>Section 7307 of
title 10, United States Code.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H2F6EFF75E12D47969F2511BB537394A1"><enum>(6)</enum><text>Section 12001 of
the Department of Defense Appropriations Act, 2005 (Public Law 108–287).</text>
</paragraph></section><section commented="no" id="HCACCAD5E3D3546269C6EED474734B837"><enum>12202.</enum><header>Repeal of
laws inconsistent with this Act</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">Sections 1511, 1522, and 1523(d) of the
Foreign Affairs Reform and Restructuring Act of 1998 (division G of Public Law
105–277) are hereby repealed.</text>
</section><section id="H86BE116F3BCC4109AC81C7D806D37C33"><enum>12203.</enum><header>Repeal of
obsolete provisions of law</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">The
following provisions of law are hereby repealed:</text>
<paragraph id="HF41F02BF009E48BFB4248F5ACC37756E"><enum>(1)</enum><text>The Trafficking
Victims Protection Reauthorization Act of 2003 (Public Law 108–193).</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H19D6022395884ED4BF5D3518275FA10A"><enum>(2)</enum><text>The Torture
Victims Relief Reauthorization Act of 2003 (Public Law 108–179).</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H11BBB6F8AD1B4121B277F97E18C89D5E"><enum>(3)</enum><text>The HELP
Commission Act (section 637 of division B of Public Law 108–99).</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H01BDDCE19FC04DD5B25EE93C4D76BA28"><enum>(4)</enum><text>The International
Anti-Corruption and Good Governance Act of 2000 (Public Law 106–309).</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H690CA92A927845828EC9C0C2969CE4D7"><enum>(5)</enum><text>The Iraq
Liberation Act of 1998 (Public Law 105–338).</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HE10ACC8758D94C5893ABEA8207BB08B7"><enum>(6)</enum><text>The Agriculture
Export Relief Act of 1998 (Public Law 105–194).</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H1B3EA703454A4ECBBD6C0A3B85657627"><enum>(7)</enum><text>Title I of the
International Narcotics Control Corrections Act of 1994 (Public Law
103–447).</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H6471DFBE9D9A4647A398C7F2CB680D80"><enum>(8)</enum><text>The South African
Democratic Transition Support Act of 1993 (Public Law 103–149).</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HAFEFEE28730647458A31DFDDB4B7B927"><enum>(9)</enum><text>Public Law 102–270
(relating to the peace process in Liberia).</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H552286C0EC534B2C87D25938BC2A4E30"><enum>(10)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Title III of the Conventional Forces in
Europe Treaty Implementation Act of 1991.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HD1A93A597BF24AE68DD90AC85CADBADE"><enum>(11)</enum><text>The Emergency
Supplemental Persian Gulf Refugee Assistance Act of 1991 (Public Law
102–45).</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HEE5B405E32264105AA2A3C5FCA79250B"><enum>(12)</enum><text>The Emergency
Supplemental Assistance for Israel Act of 1991 (Public Law 102–21).</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HA24DE96698004D08A07191DC60D9845C"><enum>(13)</enum><text>The Urgent
Assistance for Democracy in Panama Act of 1990 (Public Law 101–243).</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HBCE88CD963884664820BCE34E57DD041"><enum>(14)</enum><text>The Survival
Assistance to Victims of Civil Strife in Central America (Public Law
101–215).</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HD7CAE1685E884081A6FBDA5D2C897AEB"><enum>(15)</enum><text>The Bangladesh
Disaster Assistance Act of 1988 (Public Law 100–576).</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HCBBD69C54D1C48EDB19D96393ED5CA24"><enum>(16)</enum><text>The International
Cooperation to Protect Biological Diversity (Public Law 100–530).</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H41A495049FFB4CCF99CB518CC9437B9E"><enum>(17)</enum><text>The Overseas
Private Investment Corporation Amendments Act of 1988 (Public Law
100–461).</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HE618A0BAFBD544EAB5769B477EEE3BB5"><enum>(18)</enum><text>The American Aid
to Poland Act of 1988 (Part II of Public Law 100–418).</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H2F7D01093D984F5A9D06545055BEB594"><enum>(19)</enum><text>Public Law
100–276 (relating to peace, democracy and reconciliation in Central
America).</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H138CED16BC5D4787BF36C0346A539F0F"><enum>(20)</enum><text>The Special
Foreign Assistance Act of 1986 (Public Law 99–529).</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H425F712CAEBB47B9A772F49721705E40"><enum>(21)</enum><text>The Jordan
Supplemental Economic Assistance Authorization Act of 1985 (Public Law
99–88).</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H518BD48091F445C5A9B8C2101750B231"><enum>(22)</enum><text>The African
Famine Relief and Recovery Act of 1985 (Public Law 99–8).</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H00D8FD82CB1B4EEEB686D6703D7E7B56"><enum>(23)</enum><text>The International
Security and Development Assistance Authorizations Act of 1983 (Public Law
98–151).</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HE84F478CBDE74CDAA94B648D266E6F6E"><enum>(24)</enum><text>The Lebanon
Emergency Assistance Act of 1983 (Public Law 98–43).</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H41352B440BE642959031203531310E4C"><enum>(25)</enum><text>The International
Security and Development Cooperation Act of 1981 (Public Law 97–113).</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H664E36C200D94DE19E302BC4987C8506"><enum>(26)</enum><text>The International
Security and Development Cooperation Act of 1980 (Public Law 96–533), other
than section 110 and title V of such Act.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HBA5AC275EC96492E92E689049E57A80D"><enum>(27)</enum><text>The International
Development Cooperation Act of 1979 (Public Law 96–92).</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H3502801DB5FD432587ABEA19DFFB1820"><enum>(28)</enum><text>The International
Security Assistance Act of 1979 (Public Law 96–53).</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H9A3B4BC716BD452F8E6C342B48E2E975"><enum>(29)</enum><text>The Special
International Security Assistance Act of 1979 (Public Law 96–35).</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HE54720C5E48744DE8B33714637F7FFCE"><enum>(30)</enum><text>The International
Development and Food Assistance Act of 1978 (Public Law 95–424).</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H82B3EA290B3D48CFAB021934E73DA88F"><enum>(31)</enum><text>The International
Security Assistance Act of 1978 (Public Law 95–384).</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H7F92355E08994E02BC553B77861FF7E8"><enum>(32)</enum><text>The International
Security Assistance Act of 1977 (Public Law 95–92).</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H8341404AA9CF4954B4C9973F70496F3A"><enum>(33)</enum><text>The International
Development and Food Assistance Act of 1977 (Public Law 95–88), other than
sections 1, 132, and 133 of such Act.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H780E191B55104D19BFFA0C2391EF2282"><enum>(34)</enum><text>The International
Security Assistance and Arms Export Control Act of 1976 (Public Law 94–329),
except for section 601.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H0BDA2CF5DC2A4D95BD03B5774F5E577E"><enum>(35)</enum><text>The International
Development and Food Assistance Act of 1975 (Public Law 94–161).</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HEDA52590C4C840A58CC8863B5892F98F"><enum>(36)</enum><text>The Foreign
Assistance Act of 1974 (Public Law 93–559).</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HEE2D748D544840BBAD5D13FA99C1239D"><enum>(37)</enum><text>The Emergency
Security Assistance Act of 1973 (Public Law 93–199).</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H7E6D7D3F30AE49C89385B2389EB46A1A"><enum>(38)</enum><text>The Foreign
Assistance Act of 1973 (Public Law 93–189).</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HBEAAD0A002DD40FE91874E75835B825B"><enum>(39)</enum><text>The Foreign
Assistance Act of 1971 (Public Law 92–226).</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HEC8730C0AFE6470F8B9DDFC9AA55785E"><enum>(40)</enum><text>The Act entitled,
<quote>An Act to Amend the Foreign Military Sales Act, and for other
purposes,</quote> approved January 12, 1971 (Public Law 91–672).</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H6C7E45BE6622443B9A45917BE8EC073B"><enum>(41)</enum><text>The Special
Foreign Assistance Act of 1971 (Public Law 91–652).</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H8697D9BAAEBE4B90AD7BE921BBABE67F"><enum>(42)</enum><text>The Foreign
Assistance Act of 1968 (Public Law 90–554).</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HB82A4B3371C54377923931F4DF4397A5"><enum>(43)</enum><text>The Foreign
Assistance Act of 1964 (Public Law 88–633).</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H07AD2759A69F4ABA908C91C5D4C7090C"><enum>(44)</enum><text>The Latin
American Development Act (Public Law 86–735).</text>
</paragraph></section><section id="HA273E23B313644F993415B82CAB0C560"><enum>12204.</enum><header>Repeal of
unnecessary reporting requirements</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">The following provisions of law are
repealed:</text>
<paragraph id="H43358CAE9CA74E66B1754964503AC032"><enum>(1)</enum><text>Section 560(g) of
Public Law 103–87.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HF49B74BDA29340FDBB87A345B43E1E45"><enum>(2)</enum><text>Section 104 of
Public Law 102–511.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H9B7289A5F659451892C48E9A8663E494"><enum>(3)</enum><text>Section 1012(c) of
Public Law 103–337.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H4F886D27B318448AB6F62D903D754CA1"><enum>(4)</enum><text>Subsections (c)(4)
and (c)(5) of section 601 of Public Law 96–465.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H8EC337D54E964B65953867B376DBDEFD"><enum>(5)</enum><text>Section 585 of
division A of Public Law 104–208.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HB817BE67F16849358BFC79A010022543"><enum>(6)</enum><text>Section 8 of
Public Law 107–245.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H113D57EEC1604802B6986526E2ACE275"><enum>(7)</enum><text>Section 807 of
Public Law 98–164.</text>
</paragraph></section></subtitle><subtitle id="HA7500BC6A94443F988827BB8C39A0840"><enum>C</enum><header>Savings
provisions</header>
<section id="HD3E20427175D4DABA69ABC335CC9C357"><enum>12301.</enum><header>References to
former authorities</header>
<subsection id="H88E2C68808DF4D41A5C7EC2E7ECFC255"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Effective beginning
on the date of the enactment of this Act—</text>
<paragraph id="HE32C6B7E77914F7F94F7CEC0F55F626B"><enum>(1)</enum><text>any reference to
part I of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 shall be deemed to be a reference
to title I of this Act;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H7940ED62AC3C4097B502B4DBDB46A554"><enum>(2)</enum><text>any reference to
section 104(f) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 shall be deemed to be a
reference to section 1305 of this Act;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H20533314444A460E8BF49398CA081A29"><enum>(3)</enum><text>any reference to
section 104A, 104B, or 104C of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 shall be
deemed to be a reference to section 301, 302, or 303, respectively, of the
United States Leadership Against HIV/AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria Act of 2003
(as added by this Act);</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H23C40B5C631F4850A5AE6C8EDEF6DE9A"><enum>(4)</enum><text>any reference to
section 109 or 610 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 shall be deemed to be
a reference to section 10602 of this Act;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H7B5FA6244CC041B3B3F914DEFBE96CD7"><enum>(5)</enum><text>any reference to
section 116(a) or 502B of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 shall be deemed to
be a reference to section 10101 of this Act;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H42AA4D4B43904AB3B8C485E766D63898"><enum>(6)</enum><text>any reference to
section 116(d) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 shall be deemed to be a
reference to section 3102 of this Act;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H18CB82B378884F3AAE456DAE7D829168"><enum>(7)</enum><text>any reference to
section 451 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 shall be deemed to be a
reference to section 10601 of this Act;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H7FA02FA82DA14A50A0E8ACED20B6BB65"><enum>(8)</enum><text>any reference to
chapter 4 of part II of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 shall be deemed to
be a reference to subtitle A of title IV of this Act;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HF335CE04D6B846B9B18B688311672599"><enum>(9)</enum><text>any reference to
section 614 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 shall be deemed to be a
reference to section 10603 of this Act;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H3503C30B14C3488184F5BA3B2E85F16C"><enum>(10)</enum><text>any reference to
section 620A of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 shall be deemed to be a
reference to section 10401 of this Act;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H902B787D3C024A9BA900CD9FC2E62770"><enum>(11)</enum><text>any reference to
section 620H of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 shall be deemed to be a
reference to section 10402 of this Act;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H86CCCFE190D94B29AD6C84F7DD52EC43"><enum>(12)</enum><text>any reference to
section 620M of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 shall be deemed to be a
reference to section 10102 of this Act;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HBF86ABBCA26340828C297E3824BF0D41"><enum>(13)</enum><text>any reference to
section 632 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 shall be deemed to be a
reference to section 11504 of this Act;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H6455B06BB3B34508BABCE6FDDFD6E234"><enum>(14)</enum><text>any reference to
section 634 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 shall be deemed to be a
reference to section 9302 of this Act;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HA3CB689DE1DF454AA22552F9D67A3487"><enum>(15)</enum><text>any reference to
section 634A of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 shall be deemed to be a
reference to section 9401 of this Act; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HD7F38197B3C94E5E9CC4AA64ABC03AE0"><enum>(16)</enum><text>any reference to
section 653 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 shall be deemed to be a
reference to section 9303 of this Act.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H80C85B21E61D4D6D92ABEF98616FFE2C"><enum>(b)</enum><header>United States
Agency for International Development</header><text>References in any provision
of law to the <quote>Agency for International Development</quote> shall be
deemed to be a reference to the <quote>United States Agency for International
Development</quote>.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="H425F5801FC3B4C83BEBA8195BD788BC5"><enum>12302.</enum><header>Repeal of
provisions amending other laws</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">Except as otherwise provided in this Act,
the repeal by this Act of any provision of law that amended or repealed another
provision of law does not affect in any way that amendment or repeal.</text>
</section><section id="H8DE88687E05343E18B8179176BA01D04"><enum>12303.</enum><header>Savings
provisions</header>
<subsection display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H9D1F5EE0220D42B9A643A5765E5BA037"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>Except as may be expressly provided to the contrary in
this Act, all determinations, authorizations, regulations, orders, contracts,
agreements, and other actions issued, undertaken, or entered into under
authority of any provision of law repealed by this Act shall continue in full
force and effect until modified by appropriate authority.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HE76FFFF51B054521875C070939814EC7"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Conditions</header><text>Wherever
provisions of this Act establish conditions which must be complied with before
use may be made of authority contained in, or funds made available to carry out
the provisions of, this Act, compliance with, or satisfaction of, substantially
similar conditions under provisions repealed by this Act shall be deemed to
constitute compliance with the conditions established by this Act.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HFAB1B77EEAD14C868AE24247F144467A"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Availability of
funds</header><text>Funds made available pursuant to provisions of law repealed
by this Act shall, unless otherwise authorized or provided by law, remain
available for their original purposes in accordance with the provisions of law
originally applicable thereto, or in accordance with the provisions of law
currently applicable to those purposes.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H0FBFFED6BB094C4AAC2020530A76E715"><enum>(d)</enum><header>References</header><text>References
in law to provisions repealed by this Act may hereafter be deemed to be
references to corresponding provisions of this Act, on a case-by-case basis as
may be appropriate.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H4411B2F4EBD246F58F3C2212B1EA39F5"><enum>(e)</enum><header>Certain
presidential appointees</header><text>The repeal by this Act of any provision
of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 providing for the appointment of an
individual to a position by the President, by and with the advice and consent
of the Senate, and the reenactment by this Act of that provision in
substantively identical form does not require the reappointment of the
individual holding that position on the effective date of this Act.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HADA104A20DD64EE786DF3519245891BA"><enum>(f)</enum><header>Guarantees and
loans under former authority</header><text>Guarantees committed or outstanding
under the former authorities of sections 108, 222, and 222A of the Foreign
Assistance Act of 1961, as in effect on the day before the date of the
enactment of this Act, loans obligated under section 108 on or before such
date, the fees and interest collected in connection with such guarantees and
loans, and income on claims receivable with respect to such guarantees and
loans, shall continue to be subject to provisions of such Act originally
applicable to those guarantees and loans and the Federal Credit Reform Act of
1990.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H345E0BD2AA34499D8A348492371B799A"><enum>(g)</enum><header>Severability</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">If any provision of this Act, or the
application of such provision to any person or circumstance, shall be held
invalid, the validity of the remainder of this Act, and of the applicability of
such provision to other persons or circumstances, shall not be affected
thereby.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="H6E3A8580535D4C53BE94B8F1D01361F0"><enum>12304.</enum><header>Effective
date</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">This Act and the
amendments made by this Act shall take effect on the date of the enactment of
this Act.</text>
</section></subtitle>