III 111th CONGRESS 2d Session S. RES. 570 IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES June 28, 2010 Mr. Casey (for himself, Mr. Levin, Mr. Kaufman, Mr. Webb, Mr. Reed, Ms. Snowe, and Mr. Kyl) submitted the following resolution; which was considered and agreed to RESOLUTION Calling for continued support for and an increased effort by the Governments of Pakistan, Afghanistan, and other Central Asian countries to effectively monitor and regulate the manufacture, sale, transport, and use of ammonium nitrate fertilizer in order to prevent the transport of ammonium nitrate into Afghanistan where the ammonium nitrate is used in improvised explosive devices.

Whereas it is illegal to manufacture, own, or use ammonium nitrate fertilizer in Afghanistan since a ban was instituted by Afghan President Hamid Karzai in January 2010; Whereas ammonium nitrate fertilizer has historically been and continues to be 1 of the primary explosive ingredients used in improvised explosive devices (referred to in this preamble as IEDs) by Taliban insurgents in Afghanistan against the United States and coalition forces; Whereas 275 United States troops were killed by IEDs in Afghanistan in 2009; Whereas large amounts of ammonium nitrate are shipped into Afghanistan from Pakistan, Iran, and other Central Asian countries; Whereas the Government of Pakistan has indicated a willingness to work collaboratively with the Governments of the United States and Afghanistan to address the regulation and interdiction of ammonium nitrate fertilizer and other IED precursors; and Whereas the United States government currently provides assistance to Pakistan for agricultural development and capacity building: Now, therefore, be it

That the Senate— (1)urges the Governments of Pakistan, Afghanistan, and other Central Asian countries to fully commit to regulating the sale, transport, and use of ammonium nitrate in the region; (2)calls on the Secretary of State— (A)to continue to diplomatically engage with the Governments of Pakistan, Afghanistan, and other Central Asian countries to address the proliferation and transportation of ammonium nitrate and other improvised explosive device (IED) precursors in the region; and (B)to work with the World Customs Organization and other international bodies, as the Secretary of State determines to be appropriate, on initiatives to improve controls globally on IED components; and (3)urges the Secretary of State to work with the Governments of Pakistan, Afghanistan, and other Central Asian countries to encourage and support improvements in infrastructure and procedures at border crossings to prevent the flow of ammonium nitrate and other IED precursors or components into the region.