1.This Act may be cited as the
Interrogation and Detention Reform Act
of 2008
.
<enum>I</enum><header>Interrogation
policy </header>
<section commented="no" id="H44E72F3AB244496E8092382E46D45098"><enum>101.</enum><header>Statement of
policy</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">It shall be the policy
of the United States to—</text>
<paragraph commented="no" id="HEF081BCF42734BBEB28BD2D3413685C0"><enum>(1)</enum><text>vigorously
implement a sustained national strategy to combat the short- and long-term
threat to national security posed by global terrorism and global terrorist
organizations using all appropriate instruments of United States national
power;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="H17D420DF8C8D4E1A85FD6D71EFF7B580"><enum>(2)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">arrest, detain, and prosecute to the full
extent of the law individuals who are involved in or are providing material
support for terrorist activities, and use all appropriate means to obtain from
individuals lawfully in United States custody timely, accurate, and actionable
intelligence to protect the national security interests of the United
States;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="HA134678EB56044258F01EE1D15C95"><enum>(3)</enum><text>provide extensive
specialized training to personnel working in support of the Federal Government
who are involved in the arrest, detention, interrogation, and prosecution of
terrorist suspects;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="H85A71EE9643D4B8594C6DE89389E83FD"><enum>(4)</enum><text>enforce, in the
arrest, detention, interrogation, and prosecution of terrorist suspects,
standards of conduct that uphold the principles of human rights that are set
forth in the Constitution and have been held sacred by generations of
Americans;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="HD5C691B990DF408188EA4EBF799C263F"><enum>(5)</enum><text>prohibit the
application of all forms of torture and cruel and inhuman or degrading
treatment or punishment during the arrest, detention, interrogation, and
prosecution of terrorist suspects and aggressively work to prevent such
behaviors by personnel that come into contact with terrorist suspects while
such suspects are in the custody or under the effective control of the Federal
Government;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="H65B551785AD44DC786001FAFA2B8A284"><enum>(6)</enum><text>actively seek to
research and develop the most effective practices for arrest, detention,
interrogation, and prosecution of terrorist suspects in cooperation with
nations allied with the United States, incorporating insights from past
international experiences in combating global terrorism and global terrorist
organizations;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="H2B73673037C04DAC82432FC7E191F24C"><enum>(7)</enum><text>develop and
regularly monitor policies related to the arrest, detention, interrogation, and
prosecution of terrorist suspects to ensure that their effective exercise is
consistent with the United States’ strategic goals of weakening global
terrorist organizations and their recruitment capabilities over the long term
and strengthening the international leadership of the United States; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="HC3903F37E12B4F009D124F21AAAB4D69"><enum>(8)</enum><text>work through
international fora, including the United Nations, to strengthen the capacity of
international treaties and organizations to confront the challenge of global
terrorism.</text>
</paragraph></section><enum>II</enum><header>Detention of
terrorist suspects</header>
<section id="H2C5025E22C4346CE9783BE5BB041B00"><enum>201.</enum><header>Registration
with the International Committee of the Red Cross</header>
<subsection id="H1ED12B12CD0046589795E39927EDEA00"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Registration</header><text>The
head of an element of the intelligence community (as defined in section 3(4) of
the National Security Act of 1947 (50 U.S.C. 401a(4))) that has custody or
effective control of an individual shall, upon the detention of the
individual—</text>
<paragraph id="H6F6D98A7A9164AE798A115F2BC8074B1"><enum>(1)</enum><text>immediately notify
the International Committee of the Red Cross of such custody or effective
control; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H56B9467EC1624993935099955FEF78FF"><enum>(2)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">as soon as practicable, provide the
International Committee of the Red Cross physical and repeat access to such
individual.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H1AF1C6EE7F1D458DA70058F2518859CA"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Construction</header><text>Subsection
(a) shall not be construed to—</text>
<paragraph id="HDFF3C558AE6C4066BD774D9727DDF777"><enum>(1)</enum><text>create or modify
the authority of an element of the intelligence community to detain an
individual; or</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HAFD1AACF57FE472BB6CD5F101C2B0050"><enum>(2)</enum><text>limit or otherwise
affect any other rights or obligations which may arise under any provision of
law or an international agreement.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><enum>III</enum><header>Enhancing
prosecution of terrorists</header>
<section commented="no" id="H422205B34960447494E2836C1986C553"><enum>301.</enum><header>Findings</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">Congress finds the following:</text>
<paragraph commented="no" id="H4175B18B864C4DD789007716F57C845B"><enum>(1)</enum><text>International
terrorists, including members of al Qaeda, have carried out attacks on United
States diplomatic and military personnel and facilities abroad and on citizens
and property within the United States and constitute a grave and sustained
threat to the national security of the United States.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="H152F6239210B4DF8A641108FEC1FE39"><enum>(2)</enum><text>In response to the
threat of international terrorism, the United States must pursue a multi-faced
strategy that applies all appropriate tools of national power, including
military, diplomatic, economic, cultural, and legal tools.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="H97FD6AF0C6E54E508106F6509737DEF1"><enum>(3)</enum><text>The ability of the
United States to detain, prosecute, and convict individuals suspected of
committing or supporting terrorism or of otherwise waging hostilities against
the United States is vital to efforts to combat terrorism and to United States
national security.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="H0DC8D62E747B440F9500D3FE32A308F"><enum>(4)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Attempts to implement a military tribunal
system in accordance with Executive Order 13425, the Military Commissions Act
of 2006 (Public Law 109–366), or the President’s Military Order of November 13,
2001 (66 Fed. Reg. 57,833), have failed to achieve their stated mission of
bringing suspected terrorists and combatants to justice. To date, the tribunals
and commissions established in connection with these efforts have yielded just
three convictions, the first following a guilty plea by the defendant, and have
failed to achieve the conviction of a single individual in connection with the
terrorist attacks on the United States on September 11, 2001.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="HF2E0DF39C3BC4EF5B2A1EB7F09F2C733"><enum>(5)</enum><text>The United States
Supreme Court has found serious conflicts between efforts to implement a
military tribunal system for the trial of detained terrorist suspects and
obligations under the Constitution, Federal law, and international treaties to
which the United States is party.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="HD0C7E52FEC1041FC99C55718F886683E"><enum>(6)</enum><text>The United States,
through the Uniform Code of Military Justice and the civilian justice system,
possesses adequate jurisdiction to try any individual engaged in committing,
conspiring to commit, or providing material support for, acts of terrorism,
unlawful combat, or other hostilities against the United States.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="HAF7113E0CC344B7EB50054FC46F49FF9"><enum>(7)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The Uniform Code of Military Justice
establishes a system for the fair and speedy trial of combatants and others
engaged in hostilities against the United States for violations against the law
of war and related offenses.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="H6548F00C07B9470B9DCEEC33DDB0EF3B"><enum>(8)</enum><text>The United States
civilian justice system allows for the fair and speedy trial of individuals who
engage in terrorist activities against the United States who are enemy
combatants, terrorists, or otherwise engaged in criminal acts, and there is an
extensive legal framework providing jurisdiction over the offenses committed by
such individuals.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="HAF9C5137FC3F4AAD92C0BB3EC0209DC9"><enum>(9)</enum><text>Since September
11, 2001, the United States civilian justice system has accumulated an
impressive record of success in prosecuting and convicting individuals
suspected of committing or supporting terrorism, having convicted at least 145
such individuals, and is an essential and effective tool in combating
international terrorism.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="H7A602063917C4920A8FDD6BD06B7B553"><enum>(10)</enum><text>Existing laws and
regulations, including the Classified Information Procedures Act (18 U.S.C.
App. 3; Public Law 96–456), provide a detailed framework for protecting the
full range of sensitive and classified information during the prosecution of
cases involving terrorism offenses and related crimes.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="HBBA6381A2C3E4758829EDCF06541A778"><enum>(11)</enum><text>In addition to
the existing United States civilian and military justice systems, the Federal
Government possesses other legal authorities that may be useful as tools in
detaining and prosecuting international terrorists, including authority to
detain illegal aliens under Federal immigration laws.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="H3A57C5E4327A4293A39756A757E47DD3"><enum>(12)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Given the failure of the military
commissions system established under the Military Commissions Act of 2006
(Public Law 109–366) and other authorities, the legal and constitutional
obstacles to fully implementing military commissions system, and the success
and potential of the civilian and military justice systems in bringing
terrorists to justice, the national security of the United States is best
served by vigorously pursuing efforts to bring terrorists to justice through
the United States civilian and military justice systems.</text>
</paragraph></section><section display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HF5B4C30102554DBB9900D41B5C8100C6" section-type="subsequent-section"><enum>302.</enum><header>Repeal of Military
Commissions Act of 2006</header>
<subsection id="H0F942D66895C4222BFB557AE8D744E00"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Repeal of
authority To conduct certain military commissions</header>
<paragraph id="HA64D429C9E8E4703AD6642DA916E6E2F"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>Subtitle A of title 10, United States Code, is amended by
striking chapter 47A.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HE95C4835FC5D4CBBBDEBF02099A4AB72"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Clerical
amendment</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The tables of
chapters at the beginning of subtitle A, and at the beginning of part II of
subtitle A, of title 10, United States Code, are each amended by striking the
item relating to chapter 47A.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H55E2A0A9143849A7A7D576665BB672A4"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Conforming
amendments to Uniform Code of Military Justice</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Chapter 47 of title 10, United States Code
(the Uniform Code of Military Justice), is amended as follows:</text>
<paragraph id="H0C0D991138BC463092C7DE78D39CC0D0"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Repeal of
applicability to lawful enemy combatants</header><text>Section 802(a) (article
2(a)) is amended by striking paragraph (13).</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H30C6192C9CA94F1AA6FE8446C360778"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Repeal of
exclusion of applicability</header><text>Sections 821, 828, 848, 850(a), 904,
and 906 (articles 21, 28, 48, 50(a), 104, and 106) are each amended by striking
the following sentence: <quote>This section does not apply to a military
commission established under chapter 47A of this title.</quote>.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H20A4F20F8076412490BB709DCEE89C72"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Repeal of
inapplicability of requirements relating to regulations</header><text>Section
836 (article 36) is amended—</text>
<subparagraph id="H79464DA412C8413DB0149223A48B83F2"><enum>(A)</enum><text>in subsection (a),
by striking <quote>, except as provided in chapter 47A of this title,</quote>;
and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H606B1B595C7D445E98AC0100D7A1BEC"><enum>(B)</enum><text>in subsection (b),
by striking <quote>, except insofar as applicable to military commissions
established under chapter 47A of this title</quote>.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H91F5682FC015412FA9B903A50856D1F"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Repeal of
punitive article of conspiracy</header><text>Section 881 of title 10, United
States Code (article 81 of the Uniform Code of Military Justice), is
amended—</text>
<paragraph id="HD3D558E5B66A4F03A080A98CB680AA3"><enum>(1)</enum><text>by
striking <quote>(a)</quote> before <quote>Any person</quote>; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H2A62BFAEE7A14F6C83001987DC3B2BAC"><enum>(2)</enum><text>by striking
subsection (b).</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H1B67EFEC6BAD4B20969207ADA258B7B"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Repeal of
provisions relating to treaty requirements</header><text>The Military
Commissions Act of 2006 (Public Law 109–366) is amended by striking section 5
and subsection (a) of section 6.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H76453703C22040DEB69C091C96561538"><enum>(e)</enum><header>Repeal of
revision to war crimes offense under Federal criminal code</header>
<paragraph id="H7DE04C85C8EE430F9E26C5AC3165EAF9"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>Section 2441 of title 18, United States Code, is
amended—</text>
<subparagraph id="H80DC51A747FC4BAB8FF1F6FF7E57A5C8"><enum>(A)</enum><text>in subsection (c),
by striking paragraph (3) and inserting the following new paragraph (3):</text>
<quoted-block display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H00661AF82CC74B76B4611219ED275FD" style="USC">
<paragraph id="HD92C84A889E24B8CAF8C4D004FC9616F"><enum>(3)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">which constitutes a violation of common
Article 3 of the international conventions signed at Geneva, 12 August 1949, or
any protocol to such convention to which the United States is a party and which
deals with non-international armed conflict;
or</text>
</paragraph><after-quoted-block>; and</after-quoted-block></quoted-block>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H0A873C5126B44E80AEBF4EB329F900FF"><enum>(B)</enum><text>by striking
subsection (d).</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="HE1A2F9727CD6461EA468149896D2C63"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Retroactive
applicability</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The amendments
made by this subsection shall take effect as of November 26, 1997, as if
enacted immediately after the amendments made by section 583 of Public Law
105–118 (as amended by section 4002(e)(7) of Public Law 107–273).</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H0143B11E137346228FE5FD681B0000"><enum>(f)</enum><header>Repeal of
additional prohibition on cruel, inhuman, or degrading treatment or
punishment</header><text>The Military Commissions Act of 2006 (Public Law
109–366) is amended by striking subsection (c) of section 6.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HE6FBFE4EA1154D5E9E1C00B40011FDBA"><enum>(g)</enum><header>Repeal of habeas
corpus provision</header>
<paragraph id="H06068269B6FA4073917C30C574EDD51D"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Repeal</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Section 2241 of title 28, United States
Code, is amended by striking subsection (e).</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HBB190AB44F034324BC74A7914CA06EA4"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Effective
date</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The amendment made by
paragraph (1) shall take effect on the date of the enactment of this Act, and
shall apply to all cases, without exception, pending on or after the date of
the enactment of this Act.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H1F25E1C0DDC149F6AA8388BC25D8F8D3"><enum>(h)</enum><header>Repeal of
revisions to Detainee Treatment Act of 2005 relating to protection of certain
United States government personnel</header>
<paragraph id="H9C0913CD602443A3829D2BE14943FF49"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Section 1004(b) of
the Detainee Treatment Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 2000dd–1(b)) is amended—</text>
<subparagraph id="HDC94C54380AF43C3BA2E16154E554F1F"><enum>(A)</enum><text>by striking
<quote>shall provide</quote> and inserting <quote>may provide</quote>;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H82CFE1FC53D34462B02EC738408F572F"><enum>(B)</enum><text>by striking
<quote>or investigation</quote> after <quote>criminal prosecution</quote>;
and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HB89D734491A14A91AB646CC9F545F98"><enum>(C)</enum><text>by striking
<quote>whether before United States courts or agencies, foreign courts or
agencies, or international courts or agencies,</quote>.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="HB3D1ACED97844D4AA800D84762ED3635"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Conforming
repeal</header><text>The Military Commissions Act of 2006 (Public Law 109–366)
is amended by striking subsection (b) of section 8.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HFF830507D9F845EE895568226927AC6B"><enum>(i)</enum><header>Repeal of
authority To conduct combatant status review tribunals</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The Detainee Treatment Act of 2005 (title X
of Public Law 109–148) is amended by striking section 1005 (10 U.S.C. 801
note).</text>
</subsection></section><section display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HA7B916ABC9004051ADB0F700615F9A9" section-type="subsequent-section"><enum>303.</enum><header>Closure of detention
facility at Naval Station, Guantanamo Bay, Cuba, and treatment of unlawful
enemy combatants</header>
<subsection id="H06C3D9BC34AE48EE991997A1EF8426F7"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Closure of
Guantanamo Bay Detention Facility</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Not later than 180 days after the date of
the enactment of this Act—</text>
<paragraph id="H1B04D33632E54BA0B58510E962E66E8"><enum>(1)</enum><text>the President shall
close the Department of Defense detention facility at Guantanamo Bay, Cuba;
and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HF5E02CA9C18143BCA3B375C0BDE4DDE3"><enum>(2)</enum><text>each individual
detained at such facility who has been designated as an enemy combatant or
unlawful enemy combatant shall be removed from the facility and—</text>
<subparagraph id="H661150B7E35E4746A13259153574BAF6"><enum>(A)</enum><text>transferred to a
military or civilian detention facility in the United States, charged with a
violation of United States law, and tried in a court constituted pursuant to
Article III of the Constitution or military legal proceeding before a
regularly-constituted court;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H25691067E5E14C798CF288CB675B38A0"><enum>(B)</enum><text>transferred to an
international tribunal operating under the authority of the United Nations with
jurisdiction to hold trials of such individuals;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HD3B75679C87E48AB8D2BF883F85F87FD"><enum>(C)</enum><text>transferred to the
individual’s country of citizenship or a different country for further legal
process, as long as that the transfer complies with the Convention Relating to
the Status of Refugees, done at Geneva July 28, 1951, the United Nations
Convention Against Torture and Other Forms of Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading
Treatment or Punishment, done at New York December 10, 1984, and Federal law;
or</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H51DD09324F17417D8C81754488DE62C2"><enum>(D)</enum><text>released from any
further detention and, if possible, transferred to the individual’s country of
citizenship in accordance with the obligations of the United States under
international human rights and humanitarian law.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HE2D9325FFE57494E9B231163618DAA39"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Treatment of
enemy combatants</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Not later
than 60 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the President shall
submit to Congress a plan for the prosecution, transfer, release, or other
disposition of the cases of all individuals designated as enemy combatants or
unlawful enemy combatants, as defined in section 948a(1) of title 10, United
States Code, as in effect immediately before the enactment of this Act.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HB9913B1E0E234C778000F8B804C155D4"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Immigration
Status</header><text>The transfer of an individual under subsection (a) shall
not be considered an entry into the United States for purposes of immigration
status.</text>
</subsection></section><section commented="no" id="HEAF7DDC7705B4ECC8D8925CD820092D1"><enum>304.</enum><header>Sense of
Congress</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">It is the sense of
Congress that the President—</text>
<paragraph commented="no" id="HDADF2BFF7DE940FC9E09F5BAF5786AA"><enum>(1)</enum><text>should vigorously
investigate and prosecute, to the full extent of the law, individuals and
organizations suspected of involvement with international terrorism, using all
available assets of the United States civilian and military justice
systems;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="H7CABB276DAF8403CB6A968C7995CC718"><enum>(2)</enum><text>should carry out a
review of the capacity of the United States criminal justice system to
successfully investigate and prosecute individuals and organizations suspected
of terrorism, including the adequacy of existing Federal anti-terrorism laws,
and should inform Congress of any gaps or obstacles limiting the ability of the
United States to bring terrorists to justice; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="H80D9D35D220C415FAC00EEBA8FEE7D58"><enum>(3)</enum><text>should take
immediate measures to enhance international legal cooperation in the
investigation and prosecution of individuals and organizations suspected of
involvement in international terrorism, including enhancing international
police cooperation and working to improve the capacity of and enhance United
States participation in international tribunals to prosecute terrorist
acts.</text>
</paragraph></section><enum>IV</enum><header>Integrity in
custodial interrogations</header>
<section display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H80443580B85D45179E4F1529B3FEC477" section-type="subsequent-section"><enum>401.</enum><header>Uniform standards
for the conduct of interrogation of persons in the custody or control of the
intelligence community</header>
<subsection id="H309886E7FFA64364B18DF2ED33EAE810"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The President shall
establish uniform standards for the interrogation of persons in the custody or
under the effective control of the United States.</text>
</subsection><subsection commented="no" id="H81C23C702D8E4007AD738371EBB67F6F"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Standards</header>
<paragraph commented="no" id="H7E21D595D74A493B8701CC4BA84281B"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>The standards established under subsection (a) shall
include a list of all practices or techniques of interrogation that personnel
of the United States are authorized to practice during such an interrogation;
and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="H432E3B4B2CB147AD94498B15C11F5206"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Prohibitions</header><text>The
President shall ensure that no practice or technique of interrogation is
authorized if such practice or technique subjects a person in the custody or
under the effective control of the United States to cruel, inhuman, or
degrading treatment in violation of Federal law, including—</text>
<subparagraph commented="no" id="H7D456E82CAF84A8AAF48906378AD5F7D"><enum>(A)</enum><text>common Article 3
of the international conventions, done at Geneva August 12, 1949, or any
protocol to such conventions to which the United States is a party; or</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" id="H9C16EB81AB244BE900D48DF3A25800E3"><enum>(B)</enum><text>the Convention
Against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman, or Degrading Treatment or Punishment,
done at New York December 10, 1984 and entered into force for the United States
on November 20, 1994.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HBFB7D775B4B340CBAB27FA87D5344000"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Input from the
intelligence community</header><text>The Director of National Intelligence and
the Secretary of Defense shall be responsible for obtaining and providing to
the President input from the head of each element of the intelligence community
and each branch of the Armed Forces during the development and revision of the
standards established under subsection (a).</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HD2C61D3A82EF410EB841849D1CB58224"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Training</header><text>The
Director of National Intelligence and the Secretary of Defense shall ensure
that personnel of the intelligence community and the United States Armed
Forces, respectively, who are responsible for the interrogation of persons in
the custody or under the effective control of the United States receive
training regarding the Federal and international obligations and laws
applicable to the humane treatment of detainees, including protections afforded
under the conventions referred to in subparagraphs (A) and (B) of subsection
(b)(2).</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HA72E30E4CDB5431E91E79FFC00096D11"><enum>(e)</enum><header>Report</header>
<paragraph id="H52946F91661D4452AA44E9002F5833F2"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>Not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment
of this Act, the President shall submit to Congress a report on the
implementation of this section, including the standards established under
subsection (b)(1).</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H874B6CF73DD64C4F8D04009B6225D8EE"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Update</header><text>Not
later than 30 days after the President approves a change to the standards
established under subsection (b)(1), the President shall submit to Congress an
update of such standards.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H3DEEF205161A476795A6A97919513E48"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Form</header><text>The
report under paragraph (1) and updated standards under paragraph (2) shall be
submitted in unclassified form, but may include a classified annex.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section id="H7A80A1DCA4204CB2B66387E5EE5EC212"><enum>402.</enum><header>Prohibition on
the use of private contractors for activities involving persons in the custody
or under the effective control of the intelligence community</header>
<subsection id="HABDD7AFB741F45538DE5DC234F5348D"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Title XI of the
National Security Act of 1947 (50 U.S.C. 442 et seq.) is further amended by
adding at the end the following new section:</text>
<quoted-block display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HD7B0CECFC38547D3AFD992B5005676EA" style="OLC">
<section id="HBA6F22CEE91B48E9BD425371A4D1C9A0"><enum>1104.</enum><header>Prohibition on
the use of private contractors for activities involving persons in the custody
or under the effective control of the intelligence community</header>
<subsection id="H2A7809DB78DF4C3B86EF1331EEC5ADCE"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>Notwithstanding any other provision of law, no element of
the intelligence community may award a contract for performance related to an
activity described in subsection (b).</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H4E9D610E2CAB47F89DBA076BE258267"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Activities</header><text>An
activity described in this subsection—</text>
<paragraph id="H08DB852E5CE84693A200E0CF5F20CF1D"><enum>(1)</enum><text>is an activity
relating to the capture, custody, control, or other pertinent interaction with
an individual who is a detainee or prisoner in the custody or under the
effective control of the Federal Government, including, with regard to such an
individual—</text>
<subparagraph id="HF84D82156B94405580670550CC96E867"><enum>(A)</enum><text>arrest;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H6E20739C7C484ABCAE67B920F8F30CA"><enum>(B)</enum><text>interrogation;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H85AEB552CED1430B80A08878BFFC0382"><enum>(C)</enum><text>detention;
or</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HB1C1104BCE33451CA5F0D227CA687CD6"><enum>(D)</enum><text>transportation or
transfer; and</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="HA3170DCD52FD4CDAA77F478179C0AF00"><enum>(2)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">does not include the performance of work
related to language interpretation, if such work occurs under the direct
supervision of Federal Government personnel, or to the provision of medical
assistance or
treatment.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block>
</subsection><subsection display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H0D6B5E242BCF40BD94CD00F63079FC3"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Conforming
amendment</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The table of
contents in the first section of such Act is amended by adding at the end the
following new item:</text>
<quoted-block display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HCBAB947FFE384CDCB1940004947D51F0" style="OLC">
<toc regeneration="no-regeneration">
<toc-entry level="section">Sec. 1104. Prohibition on the use of
private contractors for activities involving persons in the custody or under
the effective control of the intelligence
community.</toc-entry>
</toc>
<after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block>
</subsection><subsection id="H4CEB94ED5BEA40CDBCA7DFEFF40D427"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Effective
date</header><text>Section 1104 of the National Security Act of 1947 (as added
by subsection (a)) shall take effect on the date that is 180 days after the
date of the enactment of this Act.</text>
</subsection></section><section commented="no" id="HED074D21DEBC490DACA8AB44CB3DAD8"><enum>403.</enum><header>Requirement for
videotaping or otherwise electronically recording strategic
interrogations</header>
<subsection commented="no" id="HB4F5286850C343F58DAC29516000DE1B"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
General</header><text>In accordance with the guidelines developed pursuant to
subsection (e) and section 401, the President shall take such actions as are
necessary to ensure the videotaping or otherwise electronically recording of
each strategic intelligence interrogation of any person who is in the custody
or under the effective control of the United States or under detention in a
United States facility.</text>
</subsection><subsection commented="no" id="H40AAF868972946749EFF4F081F75C6CB"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Classification
of information</header><text>To protect United States national security, the
safety of the individuals conducting or assisting in the conduct of a strategic
intelligence interrogation, and the privacy of persons described in subsection
(a), the President shall provide for the appropriate classification of video
tapes or other electronic recordings made pursuant to subsection (a). The use
of such classified video tapes or other electronic recordings in a civilian or
military court proceeding or other proceeding under the laws of the United
States shall be governed by applicable rules, regulations, and law.</text>
</subsection><subsection commented="no" id="H7C5F465A47D14D4100C6059E08FA5284"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Exclusion</header><text>Nothing
in this section shall be construed as requiring—</text>
<paragraph commented="no" id="HB238D783A94D446096B0766048E099B"><enum>(1)</enum><text>any member of the
Armed Forces engaged in direct combat operations to videotape or otherwise
electronically record a person described in subsection (a); or</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="HFCF7361AC78B46A0BDBA46CFF165B34B"><enum>(2)</enum><text>the videotaping or
other electronic recording of tactical questioning, as such term is defined in
the Army Field Manual on Human Intelligence Collector Operations (FM 2–22.3,
September 2006), or any successor thereto.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection commented="no" id="H0AE7C778D65841EBBE850037C8EAB8AD"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Guidelines for
videotape and other electronic recordings</header>
<paragraph commented="no" id="H8AF1B60E0BAC4AF58429DD3F1B4D7073"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Development of
guidelines</header><text>The President shall develop and adopt uniform
guidelines designed to ensure that the videotaping or other electronic
recording required under subsection (a), at a minimum—</text>
<subparagraph commented="no" id="H130C6A5EEAC04E4CA391B9DE724332D3"><enum>(A)</enum><text>promotes full
compliance with the laws of the United States;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" id="HA293061756B94CE884BAA7F513810153"><enum>(B)</enum><text>is maintained for
a length of time that serves the interests of justice in cases for which trials
are being or may be conducted pursuant to applicable United States law;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" id="H2D10D926883547EEB51EDA001900DA02"><enum>(C)</enum><text>promotes the
exploitation of intelligence; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" id="H3B4209B1A6DA4324A9793E5FCD07928B"><enum>(D)</enum><text>ensures the safety
of all participants in the interrogations.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="HE0A0057A02F344AE80C8B2150018B9DB"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Submittal to
Congress</header><text>Not later than 30 days after the date of the enactment
of this Act, the President shall submit to Congress a report containing the
guidelines developed under paragraph (1). Such report shall be submitted in
unclassified form, but may include a classified annex.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection commented="no" id="H2D2E170E46C34AB39156FA5B4F46532"><enum>(e)</enum><header>Strategic
intelligence interrogation defined</header><text>In this section, the term
<quote>strategic intelligence interrogation</quote> means an interrogation of a
person described in subsection (a) conducted by a personnel of the intelligence
community or a member of the United States Armed Forces at—</text>
<paragraph commented="no" id="HA0ADB6371F8E4FC0A64F50C1FC294D1B"><enum>(1)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">corps or theater-level military detention
facility, as defined in the Army Field Manual on Human Intelligence Collector
Operations (FM 2–22.3, September 11, 2006) or any successor thereto, or a
comparable centralized detention facility operated by any element of the
intelligence community (as defined in section 3(4) of the National Security Act
of 1947 (50 U.S.C. 401a(4)));</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="H3CF425275F1044608CAF5FD1244EBC38"><enum>(2)</enum><text>a detention
facility outside the area of operations (AOR) where the detainee or prisoner
was initially captured, including—</text>
<subparagraph commented="no" id="HDEB7FCBC5B5343B59F8911CEE3B75685"><enum>(A)</enum><text>a detention
facility owned, operated, borrowed, or leased by the United States Government;
and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" id="H777C2CE6D54148E79DEE64CE73631100"><enum>(B)</enum><text>a detention
facility of a foreign government at which United States Government personnel
are permitted to conduct interrogations by the foreign government in
question.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></subsection></section><enum>V</enum><header>Building long-term
capacity for effective human intelligence collection </header>
<section id="H51527E2D003244A5BFB563D0B1ED94A5"><enum>501.</enum><header>Sense of
Congress regarding international cooperation on human intelligence
collection</header>
<subsection id="HCCB2B32D155741A7B71565FC85619FF5"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Findings</header><text>Congress
finds the following:</text>
<paragraph id="H1A13A8C431F147AD871339637CF740DD"><enum>(1)</enum><text>Key allies of the
United States have accrued significant experience over the course of several
years in the collection of human intelligence relating to efforts to prevent
terrorism and eradicate terrorist organizations.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H07A30BF60F134ECC911F6F0068001FFD"><enum>(2)</enum><text>The United States
could substantially benefit from cooperation with such allies on identifying
and examining the most effective laws, practices, and policies relating to
human intelligence collection.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HCC4BEC4E4F294BB0AE04ED152DE638EB"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Sense of
Congress</header><text>It is the sense of Congress that—</text>
<paragraph id="HFEC8C4FA90954868A57ECE5EAE68E060"><enum>(1)</enum><text>the President,
acting through the Secretary of Defense and the Director for National
Intelligence, should cooperate with other nations to support the mutual
improvement of human intelligence collection capabilities, including
through—</text>
<subparagraph id="H935D533903C24B41BCAF7946E9911F31"><enum>(A)</enum><text>the mutual
exchange and review of doctrine, laws and regulations, best practices, and
lessons learned relating to human intelligence collection capabilities;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H037D49A7DFDB449F8611D5CFA7276D47"><enum>(B)</enum><text>participation by
United States personnel in international exercises relating to human
intelligence collection; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HFE023882A9DA40C6A2B7A59EFC007CC9"><enum>(C)</enum><text>participation by
United States personnel in seminars, conferences, and other educational
activities relating to human intelligence collection; and</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H2841F45A70DE450283D900A806D25F81"><enum>(2)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">the President should not cooperate with
regards to human intelligence collection with a nation that is not a party to
the Convention Against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman, or Degrading Treatment
or Punishment.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section id="H7E9B8E0E191C4DD594176F3BCC077FC2"><enum>502.</enum><header>Interagency
Center for Excellence on Human Intelligence Collection United States</header>
<subsection id="H8B38B00723A943C391A6AE89A0C8CE85"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Center
Authorized</header><text>The President, in consultation with the Director of
National Intelligence and the Secretary of Defense, shall establish a center to
be known as the United States Center for Excellence in Human Intelligence
Collection (in this section referred to as the <quote>Center</quote>).</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H9DB707898D0E41BA8E4B79E9B5943CB5"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Purpose</header><text>The
purpose of the Center shall be to educate and train members of the United
States Armed Forces and personnel of the intelligence community to conduct
research and examine doctrine and policy related to human intelligence
collection, with emphasis on practices related to the interrogation and
detention of hostile actors and human intelligence collection on the
battlefield or in relation to United States efforts to combat global
terrorism.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="HECA23F8EAEFD4C499991CD3D24D11E00"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Duties</header><text>The
Center shall—</text>
<paragraph id="HDBA0B52A085140DD9062D42839BA3073"><enum>(1)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">provide and facilitate education and
training for members of the United States Armed Forces and personnel of the
intelligence community on the practice of human intelligence collection,
including—</text>
<subparagraph id="H649BB85F7A0145C7BC8DFD5DE24CB6B"><enum>(A)</enum><text>strategies,
techniques, best practices, and lessons learned relating to the interrogation
of individuals for intelligence purposes;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HA91E019F35EF4307A87D9D5000F915AE"><enum>(B)</enum><text>United States
policy, regulations, and law regarding authorized interrogation practices and
techniques;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H5CC44882EEE947C2AC36A2494EC1DBD"><enum>(C)</enum><text>strategies,
techniques, best practices, and lessons learned relating to human source
operations for intelligence purposes; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H9350336CC1684F1287BC5EC720812E97"><enum>(D)</enum><text>command,
management, and oversight of U.S. personnel involved in human intelligence
collection;</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H77421D3200A04EA5943F46FE9F5216AF"><enum>(2)</enum><text>collaborate with
existing agency or service specific entities that provide education and
training on the practice of human intelligence collection, and provide advanced
training for instructors at such entities;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H0FA89FA3431B447389BF286169C3E934"><enum>(3)</enum><text>foster
interoperability and cooperation between human intelligence collectors working
for different elements of the intelligence community;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HC53D230F52234E78BF00AC739E861549"><enum>(4)</enum><text>provide and
facilitate ongoing study and scientific research into all aspects of operations
and doctrine relating to human intelligence collection, including the
identification of best practices and the development of recommendations for
policy and doctrine reform; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HA04D6FFF2ECA4544BB2C176B97190062"><enum>(5)</enum><text>conduct a regular
review of United States policies relating to human intelligence
collection.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H9954F579C3F645BF8356CCD49C49AD0"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Eligible
personnel</header><text>The Center may provide training and education
to—</text>
<paragraph id="H8EE0E73C9E9A403DB5166255AC42775"><enum>(1)</enum><text>members of the
United States Armed Forces;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H1F2868EC8FA54AC498C075D199847E2F"><enum>(2)</enum><text>personnel employed
by an element of the intelligence community; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H066D830D128E4C0BB4E3BC90000856AB"><enum>(3)</enum><text>other personnel of
the Federal Government, at the discretion of the President.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H29A9E0EA50984EE7A3F52F80B046FA46"><enum>(e)</enum><header>Annual
report</header><text>Not later than March 31 of each year, the President shall
submit to Congress a report on the activities of the Center during the
preceding year.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="H7F208BA8787F4631A067B556A8DD8BB5"><enum>(f)</enum><header>Intelligence
community defined</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">In this
section, the term <quote>intelligence community</quote> has the meaning given
the term in section 3(4) of the National Security Act of 1947 (50 U.S.C.
401a(4)).</text>
</subsection></section><section id="HAF45760098A74DA78E65FC85F874864B"><enum>503.</enum><header>United States
Military Intelligence Specialists</header>
<subsection id="HE217F7941A5C458485F5CD4F9D9B6D6"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Findings</header><text>Congress
finds the following:</text>
<paragraph id="HF1AE3F89F79F46E98F9BB2CC68B3985D"><enum>(1)</enum><text>Ensuring the
national security of the United States, including through long-term efforts to
combat global terrorism, the vigilant defense against proliferation and use of
weapons of mass destruction, and the use of military force as a last resort to
defend the Nation, will require a sustained capacity for effective human
intelligence collection.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H007D9CAA09AD44C0A0C14031C3C2F175"><enum>(2)</enum><text>The United States
Armed Forces will, in the course of carrying out their duties in defense of our
Nation, be required to carry out human intelligence collection
activities.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H03D323124AA64567B9E511A7D7394F48"><enum>(3)</enum><text>Improving the
human intelligence collection capacity of the United States Armed Forces
requires the maintenance of a corps of career military professionals in the
discipline of human intelligence who are experts in the practice and management
of human intelligence collection and who can carry out sustained long-term
intelligence operations.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H6356535E2F2A40899330199B14205248"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Improvement of
Human Intelligence Collection Capabilities</header><text>The Secretary of
Defense shall develop a strategy to—</text>
<paragraph id="H92D1F60FB51F4F95BF6852585E448343"><enum>(1)</enum><text>reform
organizational and incentive structures to—</text>
<subparagraph id="HE048A9D2B17D42238D6811C5F1759EF6"><enum>(A)</enum><text>provide for
career-long focus in the human intelligence discipline for military officers of
each military department;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H8125EBBF5CA04C8AB83852AF1E3ED4D4"><enum>(B)</enum><text>ensure career
advancement opportunities for officers specializing in the human intelligence
discipline that are focused on human intelligence collection, rather than
service with or command of a military unit not involved in the intelligence
discipline; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H7BDF612E83F140409D9F3FBE02901603"><enum>(C)</enum><text>organize, within
the human intelligence career field, assignments, promotions, and incentives
structured with the goal of developing and increasing expertise in the human
intelligence discipline and preparing officers for greater responsibilities
within that discipline;</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H356379F5FC704B49AF5866E817E20009"><enum>(2)</enum><text>provide ongoing
professional education and development in specialized intelligence skills,
specialized language and cultural skills, relevant law and doctrine pertaining
to the practice of human intelligence activities, and command, management, and
oversight of personnel involved in human intelligence activities;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H89DCA99AE2A944CEB59D6B09C461B067"><enum>(3)</enum><text>provide training
in human intelligence activities for select personnel not assigned to an
intelligence career field in order to enable a surge capacity for assigning
personnel to human intelligence activities when additional personnel are needed
for military intelligence activities; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H54025819C0C44FD883221FEB9CB61CE"><enum>(4)</enum><text>assign human
intelligence personnel to positions according to geographic, language, or
cultural expertise.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H667AD545C21547C79E79CA5053420555"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Report
required</header><text>Not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment
of this Act, the Secretary of Defense shall submit to Congress a report on the
development of the strategy required under subsection (b).</text>
</subsection></section><section id="H475C3749D40D47C7A72BE7E474923514"><enum>504.</enum><header>Strategy for
Detention of Terrorist Suspects and Convicts</header>
<subsection id="H58AE5B5A13324B94BA5FA7D674D8B2E5"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Findings</header><text>Congress
finds the following:</text>
<paragraph id="H6DEBE7B31C1E415BA77D6797816630A7"><enum>(1)</enum><text>A
2006 study by George Washington University and the University of Virginia
entitled <quote>Out of the Shadows</quote> found that <quote>Radicalization in
prisons is a global problem and bears upon the national security of the
U.S.</quote>.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H12CF42499D954A54B4D0A84B45F29096"><enum>(2)</enum><text>The Report of the
Task Force on the Future of Terrorism, a task force created at the direction of
the Secretary of Homeland Security and comprised of members of the Homeland
Security Advisory Council, recommended to the Secretary of Homeland Security
that <quote>The Department should develop and immediately implement, in concert
with the Department of Justice and State and local corrections officials, a
program to address prisoner radicalization and post-sentence
reintegration</quote>.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H8C20AA264A9C44B3B412491C7650EBAF"><enum>(3)</enum><text>Since Operation
Iraqi Freedom began in March 2003, the United States has detained more than
65,000 Iraqis, with each individual remaining in detention for an average of
over 300 days.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="HF4E21E8D1E52461888087954B9A635D6"><enum>(4)</enum><text>On April 8, 2007,
the Los Angeles Times reported that <quote>U.S. run detention camps in Iraq
have become a breeding ground for extremists where Islamic militants recruit
and train supporters.</quote>.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H13D4330E3FAE4EC1AEEDEB897785F5F"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Strategy
required</header><text>Not later than one year after the enactment of this Act,
the President, in consultation with the Secretary of Homeland Security, the
Attorney General, the Secretary of Defense, and the Director of National
Intelligence, shall submit to Congress a strategy for the detention of
terrorist suspects and convicts. Such strategy shall include—</text>
<paragraph id="HE5BCFB12538349968D00998DA6D961E0"><enum>(1)</enum><text>an assessment of
the threat posed by radicalization or recruitment for terrorist activities of
detained and imprisoned individuals; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="H3E3BD31E4F664260B89D5679BFC39078"><enum>(2)</enum><text>a
plan for minimizing radicalization and terrorist recruitment in detention or
prison facilities operated by the United States that—</text>
<subparagraph id="HEADE78BB1147428881EA12A774D421B3"><enum>(A)</enum><text>addresses the
potential radicalization of prisoners in facilities operated by the Bureau of
Prisons or by State or local authorities within the United States; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HD57A32E65838423B81E5BFE3179042EA"><enum>(B)</enum><text>addresses the
potential radicalization of prisoners in detention facilities operated by the
United States in an area where the United States Armed Forces are conducting
combat or peacekeeping operations, including detention facilities in Iraq and
Afghanistan.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></subsection></section>