[Congressional Bills 111th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[H.R. 4842 Introduced in House (IH)]

111th CONGRESS
  2d Session
                                H. R. 4842

    To authorize appropriations for the Directorate of Science and 
Technology of the Department of Homeland Security for fiscal years 2011 
                   and 2012, and for other purposes.


_______________________________________________________________________


                    IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

                             March 15, 2010

Ms. Clarke (for herself, Mr. Thompson of Mississippi, and Mr. Daniel E. 
    Lungren of California) introduced the following bill; which was 
             referred to the Committee on Homeland Security

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL


 
    To authorize appropriations for the Directorate of Science and 
Technology of the Department of Homeland Security for fiscal years 2011 
                   and 2012, and for other purposes.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Homeland Security Science and 
Technology Authorization Act of 2010''.

SEC. 2. TABLE OF CONTENTS.

    The table of contents for this Act is as follows:

Sec. 1. Short title.
Sec. 2. Table of contents.
Sec. 3. Definitions.
Sec. 4. References.
                TITLE I--AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS

Sec. 101. Authorization of appropriations.
                TITLE II--MANAGEMENT AND ADMINISTRATION

Sec. 201. Management directive; professional development; milestones 
                            and feedback.
Sec. 202. Office of Testing, Evaluation, and Standards.
Sec. 203. Peer review.
Sec. 204. Office of Public-Private Partnerships.
                           TITLE III--REPORTS

Sec. 301. Directorate of Science and Technology strategic plan.
Sec. 302. Report on technology requirements.
Sec. 303. Report on venture capital organization.
        TITLE IV--DIRECTORATE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY PROGRAMS

Sec. 401. Limitations on research.
Sec. 402. University-based centers.
Sec. 403. Review of university-based centers.
Sec. 404. Cybersecurity research and development.
Sec. 405. National Research Council study of cybersecurity incentives.
Sec. 406. Research on cyber compromise of infrastructure.
Sec. 407. Dual-use terrorist risks from synthetic genomics.
Sec. 408. Underwater tunnel security demonstration project.
Sec. 409. Chemical and biological threats research and development.
Sec. 410. Maritime domain awareness and maritime security technology 
                            test, evaluation, and transition 
                            capabilities.
Sec. 411. Rapid biological threat detection and identification.
Sec. 412. Educating the public about radiological threats.
Sec. 413. Rural resilience initiative.
Sec. 414. Sense of Congress regarding the need for interoperability 
                            standards for Internet protocol video 
                            survellance technology.
               TITLE V--DOMESTIC NUCLEAR DETECTION OFFICE

Sec. 501. Authorization of appropriations.
Sec. 502. Domestic Nuclear Detection Office oversight.
Sec. 503. Strategic plan and funding allocations for global 
                            architecture.
Sec. 504. Radiation portal monitor alternatives.
Sec. 505. Authorization of Securing the Cities Initiative.
                    TITLE VI--CLARIFYING AMENDMENTS

Sec. 601. Federally funded research and development centers.
Sec. 602. Elimination of Homeland Security Institute.

SEC. 3. DEFINITIONS.

    In this Act:
            (1) Appropriate congressional committee.--The term 
        ``appropriate congressional committee'' means the Committee on 
        Homeland Security of the House of Representatives and any 
        committee of the House of Representatives or the Senate having 
        legislative jurisdiction under the rules of the House of 
        Representatives or Senate, respectively, over the matter 
        concerned.
            (2) Department.--The term ``Department'' means the 
        Department of Homeland Security.
            (3) Directorate.--The term ``Directorate'' means the 
        Directorate of Science and Technology of the Department.
            (4) Secretary.--The term ``Secretary'' means the Secretary 
        of Homeland Security.
            (5) Under secretary.--The term ``Under Secretary'' means 
        the Under Secretary for Science and Technology of the 
        Department.

SEC. 4. REFERENCES.

    Except as otherwise specifically provided, whenever in this Act an 
amendment or repeal is expressed in terms of an amendment to, or repeal 
of, a provision, the reference shall be considered to be made to a 
provision of the Homeland Security Act of 2002 (6 U.S.C. 101 et seq.).

                TITLE I--AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS

SEC. 101. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

    There are authorized to be appropriated to the Under Secretary 
$1,121,664,000 for fiscal year 2011 and $1,155,313,920 for fiscal year 
2012 for the necessary expenses of the Directorate.

                TITLE II--MANAGEMENT AND ADMINISTRATION

SEC. 201. MANAGEMENT DIRECTIVE; PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT; MILESTONES 
              AND FEEDBACK.

    (a) In General.--Subtitle D of title II (6 U.S.C. 161 et seq.) is 
amended--
            (1) in the subtitle heading, by striking ``Office of'';
            (2) in the heading for section 231, by inserting ``of 
        Science and Technology'' after ``Office''; and
            (3) by adding at the end the following new sections:

``SEC. 236. MANAGEMENT DIRECTIVE.

    ``(a) Requirement.--The Secretary shall--
            ``(1) by not later than 180 days after the date of 
        enactment of this section, issue a management directive 
        detailing how basic and applied homeland security research 
        shall be identified, prioritized, funded, tasked, and evaluated 
        by the Directorate of Science and Technology, including the 
        roles and responsibilities of the Under Secretary for Science 
        and Technology, the Under Secretary for Policy, the Under 
        Secretary for Management, the Director of the Office of Risk 
        Management and Analysis, and the heads of operational 
        components of the Department; and
            ``(2) to the greatest extent possible, the Secretary shall 
        seek to publicize the directive for the purpose of informing 
        the Federal, State, and local governments, first responders, 
        and the private sector.
    ``(b) Contents of Management Directive.--The management directive 
shall--
            ``(1) identify the Directorate's customers within and 
        outside of the Department;
            ``(2) describe the risk formula and risk assessment tools 
        that the Department considers to identify, prioritize, and fund 
        homeland security research projects;
            ``(3) describe the methodology to be used by the 
        Directorate to task projects to research entities, including 
        the national laboratories, federally funded research and 
        development centers, and university-based centers;
            ``(4) require the Directorate to develop protocols to 
        assess off-the-shelf technology to determine if an identified 
        homeland security capability gap can be addressed through the 
        acquisition process instead of commencing research and 
        development of technology to address that capability gap;
            ``(5) require the Directorate to strengthen first responder 
        participation in identifying and prioritizing homeland security 
        technological gaps by--
                    ``(A) soliciting feedback from national 
                associations and advisory groups representing the first 
                responder community and first responders within the 
                components of the Department;
                    ``(B) establishing and promoting a publicly 
                accessible portal to allow the first responder 
                community to help the Directorate develop homeland 
                security research and development goals; and
                    ``(C) establishing a mechanism to publicize the 
                Department's funded and unfunded homeland security 
                technology priorities; and
            ``(6) include such other requirements, policies, and 
        practices as the Secretary considers necessary.
    ``(c) Activities in Support of the Management Directive.--Not later 
than 180 days after the date of the issuance of the management 
directive, the Secretary shall--
            ``(1) establish a mandatory workforce program for the 
        Directorate's customers in the Department to better identify 
        and prioritize homeland security capability gaps that may be 
        addressed by a technological solution based on the assessment 
        required under section 237(a)(2);
            ``(2) establish a system to collect feedback from customers 
        of the Directorate on the performance of the Directorate, that 
        includes metrics for measuring customer satisfaction and the 
        usefulness of any technology or service provided by the 
        Directorate; and
            ``(3) any other activities that the Secretary considers to 
        be necessary to implement the management directive.
    ``(d) Quarterly Updates on Implementation.--One hundred and twenty 
days after the date of enactment of this section, and on a quarterly 
basis thereafter, the Inspector General of the Department shall submit 
a quarterly update to the appropriate congressional committees on the 
status of implementation of the management directive and activities in 
support of the directive.
    ``(e) Risk Analysis.--In carrying out subsection (b)(2), the 
Secretary shall--
            ``(1) submit to the appropriate congressional committees by 
        not later than 90 days after the date of enactment of this 
        subsection and annually--
                    ``(A) a prioritized risk analysis describing the 
                greatest risks to the homeland, that includes 
                vulnerability studies, asset values (including asset 
                values for intangible assets), estimated rates of 
                occurrence, countermeasures employed, loss expectancy, 
                cost/benefit analyses, and other practices generally 
                associated with producing a comprehensive risk 
                analysis;
                    ``(B) an analysis of the Directorate's approach to 
                mitigating the homeland security risks identified under 
                subparagraph (A) through basic and applied research, 
                development, demonstration, testing, and evaluation 
                activities;
                    ``(C) an analysis, based on statistics and metrics, 
                of the effectiveness of the Directorate in reducing the 
                homeland security risks identified under subparagraph 
                (A) through the deployment of homeland security 
                technologies researched or developed by the 
                Directorate;
                    ``(D) recommendations for how the Directorate 
                should modify or amend its research and development 
                activities in order to reduce the risks to the homeland 
                identified under subparagraph (A);
                    ``(E) a description of how the assessments required 
                under subparagraph (A) shall be used to inform, guide, 
                and prioritize the Department's homeland security 
                research and development activities; and
                    ``(F) a description of input from other relevant 
                Federal, State, or local agencies and relevant private 
                sector entities in conducting the risk assessment 
                required by subparagraph (A); and
            ``(2) conduct research and development on ways to most 
        effectively communicate information regarding the risks 
        associated with the various threats identified in paragraph (1) 
        to the media as well as directly to the public, both on an 
        ongoing basis and during a terrorist attack or other incident.
    ``(f) Report on HSARPA Activities.--
            ``(1) In general.--Not later than 60 days after the date of 
        enactment of this subsection and annually thereafter, the 
        Secretary shall submit a report to the appropriate 
        congressional committees containing the research, development, 
        testing, evaluation, prototyping, and deployment activities 
        undertaken by the Homeland Security Advanced Research Projects 
        Agency during the previous fiscal year, including funds 
        expended for such activities in the previous fiscal year.
            ``(2) Contents.--For each activity undertaken, the report 
        shall--
                    ``(A) describe the corresponding risk analysis 
                performed by the Department that supports the decision 
                to undertake in that activity; and
                    ``(B) describe the efforts made to transition that 
                activity into a Federal, State, or local acquisition 
                program.
            ``(3) Additional activities.--The Secretary shall include 
        in each report a description of each proposal that was reviewed 
        in the period covered by the report by the Director of the 
        Homeland Security Advanced Research Projects Agency under 
        section 313(d)(3), including a statement of whether the 
        proposal received a grant, cooperative agreement, or contract 
        from the Director.

``SEC. 237. PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT.

    ``(a) Reporting Requirement.--Sixty days before establishing the 
mandatory workforce program as required by section 236(c)(1), the 
Secretary shall submit a report to the appropriate congressional 
committees that includes the following:
            ``(1) A description of how homeland security technological 
        requirements are developed by the Directorate of Science and 
        Technology's customers within the Department.
            ``(2) An assessment of whether Department employees receive 
        adequate and appropriate job training to allow them to 
        identify, express, and prioritize homeland security capability 
        gaps.
            ``(3) A plan for how the Directorate, in coordination with 
        the Domestic Nuclear Detection Office and other Department 
        components, can enhance and improve the technology requirements 
        development and the technology acquisition process, to 
        accelerate the delivery of effective, suitable technologies 
        that meet performance requirements and appropriately address an 
        identified homeland security capability gap.
            ``(4) An assessment of whether Congress should authorize, 
        in addition to the program required under section 236(c)(1), a 
        training program for Department employees to be trained in 
        requirements writing and acquisition, that--
                    ``(A) is prepared in consultation with the 
                Department of Veteran's Affairs Acquisition Academy, 
                the Defense Acquisition University, the Inspector 
                General of the Department, and the Government 
                Accountability Office; and
                    ``(B) if the Secretary determines that such 
                additional training should be authorized by Congress, 
                includes specification about--
                            ``(i) the type, skill set, and job series 
                        of Department employees who would benefit from 
                        such training, including an estimate of the 
                        number of such employees;
                            ``(ii) a suggested curriculum for the 
                        training;
                            ``(iii) the type and skill set of educators 
                        who could most effectively teach these skills;
                            ``(iv) the length and duration of the 
                        training;
                            ``(v) the advantages and disadvantages of 
                        training employees in a live classroom, or 
                        virtual classroom, or both;
                            ``(vi) cost estimates for the training; and
                            ``(vii) the role of the Directorate in 
                        supporting the training.
    ``(b) Use of Research and Development Center.--The Secretary is 
encouraged to use a federally funded research and development center to 
assist the Secretary in carrying out the requirements of this section.

``SEC. 238. TRACKING SYSTEMS, RESEARCH MILESTONES, AND CUSTOMER 
              FEEDBACK.

    ``(a) In General.--In establishing a system to collect feedback 
under section 236(c)(2), the Secretary shall--
            ``(1) establish a system to monitor and account for 
        homeland security research milestones; and
            ``(2) create a formal process for collecting feedback from 
        customers on the effectiveness of the technology or services 
        delivered by Directorate.
    ``(b) System.--The system established under subsection (a)(1) shall 
identify and account for research milestones to monitor the progress of 
Directorate of Science and Technology research, development, testing, 
and evaluation activities, and collect information from the 
Directorate's customers about their level of satisfaction with the 
performance of the Directorate, including by--
            ``(1) allowing the Directorate to provide regular reports 
        to its customers regarding the status and progress of research 
        efforts of the Directorate;
            ``(2) collecting and evaluating customer feedback;
            ``(3) allowing the Secretary to evaluate how a technology 
        or service produced as a result of the Directorate's programs 
        have affected homeland security capability gaps; and
            ``(4) allowing the Secretary to report the number of 
        products and services developed by the Directorate that have 
        been transitioned into acquisition programs.
    ``(c) Management Directive.--The Under Secretary of Science and 
Technology shall issue a management directive creating, publicizing, 
and implementing guidance for homeland security researchers funded by 
the Directorate on setting valid initial and subsequent research 
milestones. The directive may include penalties for research milestones 
missed, disincentives for continuing projects that are unlikely to meet 
objectives, and financial and professional incentives and awards for 
the timely completion of successful projects within budget.
    ``(d) Report.--The Under Secretary shall submit a report to the 
appropriate congressional committees--
            ``(1) by not later than one year after the date of 
        enactment of this Act identifying what actions have been taken 
        to carry out the requirements of this section; and
            ``(2) annually thereafter describing--
                    ``(A) research milestones in the conduct of 
                research and development by the Directorate that have 
                been met and missed, including a description of any 
                incentives, awards, disincentives, or penalties 
                implemented as a result of those met and missed 
                milestones; and
                    ``(B) customer feedback collected, including an 
                evaluation of the effectiveness of the technology or 
                services delivered by the Directorate.''.
    (b) Clerical Amendments.--The table of contents in section 1(b) is 
amended in the items relating to subtitle D of title II--
            (1) in the item relating to the heading for the subtitle, 
        by striking ``Office of'';
            (2) in the item relating to section 231, by inserting ``of 
        Science and Technology'' after ``Office''; and
            (3) by adding at the end the following new items:

``Sec. 236. Management directive.
``Sec. 237. Professional development.
``Sec. 238. Tracking systems, research milestones, and customer 
                            feedback.''.

SEC. 202. OFFICE OF TESTING, EVALUATION, AND STANDARDS.

    Section 308 (6 U.S.C. 188) is amended by adding at the end the 
following new subsection:
    ``(d) Office of Testing, Evaluation, and Standards.--
            ``(1) Establishment.--There is established within the 
        Directorate of Science and Technology an Office of Testing, 
        Evaluation, and Standards, which shall be headed by a Director.
            ``(2) Purpose.--The purpose of the Office is to assist the 
        components of the Department and other customers in developing 
        plans, processes, and procedures for conducting operational 
        testing and performance testing to verify attainment of 
        technical performance specifications and operational 
        effectiveness and suitability.
            ``(3) Limitations.--The Office is not required to carry out 
        its own operational testing.
            ``(4) Responsibilities.--The Director of the Office shall 
        be responsible for the following activities at the Department:
                    ``(A) Testing and evaluation policies.--
                            ``(i) Establishing policies and programs to 
                        support the development, coordination, and 
                        operational management of testing and 
                        evaluation standards for the Department.
                            ``(ii) Establishing policy, on behalf of 
                        the Secretary, under which operation and 
                        evaluation testing are reviewed and approved by 
                        the Secretary.
                            ``(iii) Integrating, coordinating, and 
                        leveraging public and private sector testing 
                        and evaluation infrastructure to meet the 
                        Department's current and future technology 
                        development needs.
                            ``(iv) Advise the Secretary as to whether 
                        the plans, processes, and procedures proposed 
                        for testing and evaluation that components of 
                        the Department intend to utilize should be 
                        approved.
                    ``(B) Standards development.--
                            ``(i) Developing and coordinating the 
                        adoption of national standards and appropriate 
                        evaluation methods for technology to address 
                        homeland security capability gaps.
                            ``(ii) Developing and implementing an 
                        overarching strategy for the qualification and 
                        certification of homeland security technologies 
                        and accreditation of facilities and programs of 
                        the Department.
                            ``(iii) Encouraging investments and 
                        competition in homeland security technologies 
                        by fostering standardization of performance 
                        metrics and quality measures for first 
                        responder technologies.
                            ``(iv) Providing guidance, recommendations, 
                        and technical assistance, as appropriate, to 
                        assist Federal, State, and local government and 
                        private sector efforts to evaluate and 
                        implement the use of homeland security 
                        technologies.''.

SEC. 203. PEER REVIEW.

    (a) Responsibilities and Authorities of the Under Secretary.--
Section 302 (6 U.S.C. 183) is amended by striking ``and'' after the 
semicolon at the end of paragraph (1), by striking the period at the 
end of paragraph (14) and inserting ``; and'', and by adding at the end 
the following new paragraph:
            ``(15) developing and overseeing the administration of 
        guidelines for peer review of research and development 
        projects, including by--
                    ``(A) consulting with experts, including scientists 
                and practitioners, about the research and development 
                conducted by the Directorate of Science and Technology; 
                and
                    ``(B) performing ongoing independent, external, 
                scientific peer review--
                            ``(i) initially at the division level; or
                            ``(ii) when divisions conduct multiple 
                        programs focused on significantly different 
                        subjects, at the program level.''.
    (b) Report.--The Secretary shall submit a report to Congress not 
later than 60 days after the completion of the first review under 
section 302(15)(B) of the Homeland Security Act of 2002, as amended by 
subsection (a) of this section, that--
            (1) summarizes the findings of the review; and
            (2) describes future efforts to ensure that the 
        Department's research projects are peer reviewed, where 
        appropriate.

SEC. 204. OFFICE OF PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS.

    (a) Establishment.--Section 313 (6 U.S.C. 193) is amended to read 
as follows:

``SEC. 313. OFFICE OF PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS.

    ``(a) Establishment of Office.--There is established an Office of 
Public-Private Partnerships in the Directorate of Science and 
Technology.
    ``(b) Director.--The Office shall be headed by a Director, who 
shall be appointed by the Secretary. The Director shall report to the 
Under Secretary.
    ``(c) Responsibilities.--The Director shall have the authority to--
            ``(1) provide guidance on how to pursue proposals to 
        develop or deploy homeland security technologies (including 
        regarding Federal funding, regulation, or acquisition), 
        including to persons associated with small businesses (as that 
        term is defined in the Small Business Act (15 U.S.C. 631 et 
        seq.));
            ``(2) coordinate with components of the Department to issue 
        announcements seeking unique and innovative homeland security 
        technologies to address homeland security capability gaps;
            ``(3) promote interaction between homeland security 
        researchers and private sector companies in order to accelerate 
        transition research or a prototype into a commercial product 
        and streamline the handling of intellectual property; and
            ``(4) conduct technology research assessment and 
        marketplace analysis for the purpose of identifying, 
        leveraging, and integrating best-of-breed technologies and 
        capabilities from industry, academia, and other Federal 
        Government agencies, and disseminate research and findings to 
        Federal, State, and local governments.
    ``(d) Rapid Review Division.--
            ``(1) Establishment.--There is established the Rapid Review 
        Division within the Office of Public-Private Partnerships.
            ``(2) Purpose and duties.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The Division--
                            ``(i) is responsible for maintaining a 
                        capability to perform business and technical 
                        reviews to assist in screening unsolicited 
                        homeland security technology proposals 
                        submitted to the Secretary; and
                            ``(ii) shall assess the feasibility, 
                        scientific and technical merits, and estimated 
                        cost of such proposals.
                    ``(B) Specific duties.--In carrying out these 
                duties, the Division shall--
                            ``(i) maintain awareness of the 
                        technological requirements of the Directorate's 
                        customers;
                            ``(ii) establish and publicize accessible, 
                        streamlined procedures allowing a participant 
                        to have their technology assessed by the 
                        Division;
                            ``(iii) make knowledgeable assessments of a 
                        participant's technology after receiving a 
                        business plan, a technology proposal, and a 
                        list of corporate officers, directors, and 
                        employees with technical knowledge of the 
                        proposal, within 60 days after such a 
                        submission; and
                            ``(iv) review proposals submitted by 
                        components of the Department to the Division, 
                        subject to subsection (e).
            ``(3) Coordination.--The Director shall refer promising 
        homeland security technology research, development, testing, 
        and evaluation proposals, along with any business and technical 
        reviews, to the Director of the Homeland Security Advanced 
        Research Projects Agency and appropriate Department components 
        for consideration for support.
    ``(e) Limitation on Consideration or Evaluation of Proposals.--The 
Office may not consider or evaluate homeland security technology 
proposals submitted in response to a solicitation for offers for a 
pending procurement or for a specific agency requirement.
    ``(f) Satellite Offices.--The Under Secretary, acting through the 
Director, may establish up to 3 satellite offices across the country to 
enhance the Department's outreach efforts. The Secretary shall notify 
the appropriate congressional committees in writing within 30 days 
after establishing any satellite office.
    ``(g) Personnel.--
            ``(1) Use of existing authority.--The Secretary may use the 
        hiring and management authorities described in section 
        307(b)(6) to hire personnel for the Office.
            ``(2) Conflicts of interest.--The Secretary shall establish 
        rules to prevent the Director or any other employee of the 
        Office from acting on matters where a conflict of interest may 
        exist.''.
    (b) Clerical Amendment.--The table of contents in section 1(b) is 
amended by striking the item relating to such section and inserting the 
following:

``Sec. 313. Office of Public-Private Partnerships.''.
    (c) Authorization of Appropriations.--Of the amount authorized by 
section 101, there is authorized to be appropriated $30,000,000 for the 
Office of Public-Private Partnerships for each of fiscal years 2011 and 
2012.

                           TITLE III--REPORTS

SEC. 301. DIRECTORATE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY STRATEGIC PLAN.

    (a) In General.--Title III (6 U.S.C. 181 et seq.) is amended by 
adding at the end the following new section:

``SEC. 318. STRATEGIC PLAN.

    ``(a) Requirement for Strategic Plan.--Not later than 1 year after 
the date of enactment of this section and every other year thereafter, 
the Under Secretary shall prepare a strategic plan for the activities 
of the Directorate.
    ``(b) Contents.--The strategic plan required by subsection (a) 
shall be prepared in accordance with Office of Management and Budget 
Circular A-11, and shall include the following matters:
            ``(1) The long-term strategic goals of the Directorate.
            ``(2) Identification of the research programs of the 
        Directorate that support achievement of those strategic goals.
            ``(3) The connection of the activities and programs of the 
        Directorate to requirements or homeland security capability 
        gaps identified by customers within the Department and outside 
        of the Department, including the first responder community.
            ``(4) The role of the Department's risk analysis in the 
        activities and programs of the Directorate.
            ``(5) A technology transition strategy for the programs of 
        the Directorate.
            ``(6) A description of the policies of the Directorate on 
        the management, organization, and personnel of the Directorate.
    ``(c) Submission of Plan to Congress.--The Secretary shall submit 
to Congress the strategic plan most recently prepared under subsection 
(a) at the same time that the President submits to Congress the budget 
for each even-numbered fiscal year.''.
    (b) Clerical Amendment.--The table of contents in section 1(b) is 
amended by adding at the end of the items relating to title III the 
following new item:

``Sec. 318. Strategic plan.''.

SEC. 302. REPORT ON TECHNOLOGY REQUIREMENTS.

    Section 302 (6 U.S.C. 182) is amended by inserting ``(a) In 
General.--'' before the first sentence, and by adding at the end the 
following new subsection:
    ``(b) Report on Technology Requirements.--
            ``(1) In general.--Within 90 days after the date of 
        enactment of this subsection, and biannually thereafter, the 
        Under Secretary shall, for each project conducted or funded by 
        the Directorate, provide to the appropriate congressional 
        committees a list of detailed operational and technical 
        requirements that are associated with the project.
            ``(2) Large projects.--Within 90 days after the date of 
        enactment of this subsection, and biannually thereafter, the 
        Secretary shall, for each project conducted or funded by a 
        component of the Department, other than the Directorate of 
        Science and Technology, having a Federal cost share greater 
        than $1,000,000, provide to the appropriate congressional 
        committees detailed operational and technical requirements that 
        are associated with the project.''.

SEC. 303. REPORT ON VENTURE CAPITAL ORGANIZATION.

    (a) In General.--Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment 
of this Act, the Secretary shall submit a report to the appropriate 
congressional committees assessing the current role of the venture 
capital community in funding advanced homeland security technologies, 
and providing recommendations to the appropriate congressional 
activities about creating a nonprofit organization for the purposes of 
delivering advanced homeland security technologies to the homeland 
security community to further their missions.
    (b) Contents.--The report shall include the following:
            (1) An assessment of the current awareness and insight that 
        the Department has into advanced private sector homeland 
        security innovation, and the Department's ability to quickly 
        transition innovative products into acquisitions.
            (2) A description of how the Department currently finds and 
        works with emerging companies, particular those who have never 
        done business with the Federal Government.
            (3) An assessment and analysis of the current role that 
        venture capitalists play in the development of homeland 
        security technologies, including an assessment of how the 
        venture capital community could be leveraged to accelerate 
        technology, foster development, and introduce new technologies 
        needed by the homeland security community.
            (4) An assessment of whether the Department could help 
        nascent commercial technologies mature into commercial-off-the-
        shelf products the homeland security community could acquire.
            (5) An analysis of whether the Central Intelligence 
        Agency's In-Q-Tel organization could serve as a model for the 
        development of homeland security technology at the Department.
            (6) Recommendations of the Secretary regarding whether 
        Congress should create a private, independent, not-for-profit 
        organization to bridge the gap between the technology needs of 
        the homeland security community and new advances in commercial 
        technology.
    (c) Authorization of Appropriations.--The Secretary is encouraged 
to use a federally funded research and development center to produce 
the report under this section. Of the amount authorized by section 101, 
there is authorized $500,000 for the report.

        TITLE IV--DIRECTORATE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY PROGRAMS

SEC. 401. LIMITATIONS ON RESEARCH.

    Section 302(4) (6 U.S.C. 182(4)) is amended by inserting after 
``extramural programs,'' the following: ``that directly addresses a 
prioritized risk to the homeland as identified by a risk analysis under 
section 226(e) of this Act''.

SEC. 402. UNIVERSITY-BASED CENTERS.

    Of the amount authorized by section 101, there is authorized to be 
appropriated $40,000,000 for fiscal year 2011 and $41,200,000 for 
fiscal year 2012 to the Secretary for each of fiscal years 2011 and 
2012 to carry out the university-based centers program of the 
Department.

SEC. 403. REVIEW OF UNIVERSITY-BASED CENTERS.

    (a) GAO Study of University Centers.--Not later than 120 days after 
the date of the enactment of this Act, the Comptroller General of the 
United States shall initiate a study to assess the university-based 
Centers for Homeland Security program authorized by section 308(b)(2) 
of the Homeland Security Act of 2002 (6 U.S.C. 188(b)(2)), and provide 
recommendations to the appropriate congressional committees for 
appropriate improvements.
    (b) Subject Matters.--The study under subsection (a) shall include 
the following:
            (1) A review of key areas of study needed to support the 
        homeland security mission, and criteria that should be utilized 
        to determine those key areas for which the Department should 
        maintain, establish, or eliminate university-based centers.
            (2) A review of the method by which university-based 
        centers, federally funded research and development centers, and 
        Department of Energy national laboratories receive tasking from 
        the Department, including a review of how university-based 
        research is identified, prioritized, and funded.
            (3) A review of selection criteria for designating 
        university-based centers and a weighting of such criteria.
            (4) An examination of the optimal organization and role of 
        the university-based centers in supporting the mission of the 
        Directorate and the Department components.
            (5) An identification of the most appropriate review 
        criteria and metrics to measure demonstrable progress achieved 
        by university-based centers in fulfilling Department taskings, 
        and mechanisms for delivering and disseminating the research 
        results of designated university-based centers within the 
        Department and to other Federal, State, and local agencies.
            (6) An examination of the means by which academic 
        institutions that are not designated or associated with the 
        designated university-based centers can optimally contribute to 
        the research mission of the Directorate.
            (7) An assessment of the interrelationship between the 
        different university-based centers.
            (8) A review of any other essential elements of the 
        programs determined in the conduct of the study.
    (c) Moratorium on University Centers.--The Secretary may not 
designate any new university-based centers for homeland security prior 
to the completion of the Comptroller General's review.

SEC. 404. CYBERSECURITY RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT.

    (a) In General.--The Under Secretary shall support research, 
development, testing, evaluation, and transition of cybersecurity 
technology, including fundamental, long-term research to improve the 
ability of the United States to prevent, protect against, detect, 
respond to, and recover from acts of terrorism and cyber attacks, with 
an emphasis on research and development relevant to large-scale, high-
impact attacks.
    (b) Activities.--The research and development supported under 
subsection (a) shall include work to--
            (1) advance the development and accelerate the deployment 
        of more secure versions of fundamental Internet protocols and 
        architectures, including for the domain name system and routing 
        protocols;
            (2) improve and create technologies for detecting attacks 
        or intrusions, including monitoring technologies;
            (3) improve and create mitigation and recovery 
        methodologies, including techniques for containment of attacks 
        and development of resilient networks and systems that degrade 
        gracefully;
            (4) develop and support infrastructure and tools to support 
        cybersecurity research and development efforts, including 
        modeling, testbeds, and data sets for assessment of new 
        cybersecurity technologies;
            (5) assist the development and support of technologies to 
        reduce vulnerabilities in process control systems; and
            (6) test, evaluate, and facilitate the transfer of 
        technologies associated with the engineering of less vulnerable 
        software and securing the information technology software 
        development lifecycle.
    (c) Coordination.--In carrying out this section, the Under 
Secretary shall coordinate activities with--
            (1) the Under Secretary for National Protection and 
        Programs; and
            (2) the heads of other relevant Federal departments and 
        agencies, including the National Science Foundation, the 
        Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, the Information 
        Assurance Directorate of the National Security Agency, the 
        National Institute of Standards and Technology, the Department 
        of Commerce, and other appropriate working groups established 
        by the President to identify unmet needs and cooperatively 
        support activities, as appropriate.
    (d) Authorization of Appropriations.--Of the amount authorized by 
section 101, there is authorized to be appropriated $75,000,000 to the 
Department for each of fiscal years 2011 and 2012 for the cybersecurity 
research and development activities of the Directorate of Science and 
Technology to prevent, detect, and respond to acts of terrorism and 
other large-scale disruptions to information infrastructure.

SEC. 405. NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL STUDY OF CYBERSECURITY INCENTIVES.

    (a) Study.--Not later than 90 days after the date of the enactment 
of this Act, the Under Secretary and the Under Secretary for National 
Protection and Programs of the Department shall seek to enter into an 
agreement with the National Research Council of the National Academy of 
Sciences to conduct a study to assess methods that might be used to 
promote market mechanisms that further cybersecurity and make 
recommendations for appropriate improvements thereto.
    (b) Subject Matters.--The study required under subsection (a) shall 
include the following:
            (1) Liability that subjects software and system vendors and 
        system operators to potential damages for system breaches.
            (2) Mandated reporting of security breaches that could 
        threaten critical societal functions.
            (3) Regulation that imposes under threat of civil penalty 
        best practices on system operators of critical infrastructure.
            (4) Certification from standards bodies about conformance 
        to relevant cybersecurity standards that can be used as a 
        marketplace differentiation.
            (5) Accounting practices that require companies to report 
        their cybersecurity practices and postures and the results of 
        independently conducted red team simulated attacks or 
        exercises.
            (6) Cybersecurity risk insurance.
    (c) Report.--Not later than two years after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall submit to the appropriate 
congressional committees a report containing the results of the study 
required under subsection (a), together with any recommendations of the 
Secretary related thereto.
    (d) Authorization of Appropriations.--Of the amount authorized by 
section 101, there is authorized to be appropriated $500,000 to the 
Department for fiscal year 2011 to carry out this section.

SEC. 406. RESEARCH ON CYBER COMPROMISE OF INFRASTRUCTURE.

    (a) In General.--Pursuant to section 201 of the Homeland Security 
Act of 2002 (6 U.S.C. 121) and in furtherance of domestic preparedness 
for and collective response to a cyber attack by a terrorist or other 
person, the Secretary, working with the heads of other national 
security and intelligence agencies, shall conduct research and 
determine if the security of federally owned programmable electronic 
devices and communication networks, including hardware, software, and 
data, essential to the reliable operation of critical electric 
infrastructure have been compromised.
    (b) Scope of Research.--The scope of the research required under 
subsection (a) shall include the following:
            (1) The extent of any compromise.
            (2) An identification of any attackers.
            (3) The method of penetration.
            (4) Ramifications of any such compromise on future 
        operations of critical electric infrastructure.
            (5) Secondary ramifications of any such compromise on other 
        critical infrastructure sectors and the functioning of civil 
        society.
            (6) Ramifications of any such compromise on national 
        security, including war fighting capability.
            (7) Recommended mitigation activities.
    (c) Report.--Not later than 30 days after the a determination has 
been made under subsection (a), the Secretary shall submit to the 
appropriate congressional committees a report on the findings of such 
determination. The report may contain a classified annex if the 
Secretary determines it to be appropriate.

SEC. 407. DUAL-USE TERRORIST RISKS FROM SYNTHETIC GENOMICS.

    (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that the field 
of synthetic genomics has the potential to facilitate enormous gains in 
fundamental discovery and biotechnological applications, but it also 
has inherent dual-use homeland security risks that must be managed.
    (b) Requirement.--The Under Secretary shall examine and report to 
the appropriate congressional committees by not later than one year 
after the date of enactment of this Act on the homeland security 
implications of the dual-use nature of synthetic genomics and fund 
research in that area, including--
            (1) determining the current capability of synthetic nucleic 
        acid providers to effectively differentiate a legitimate 
        customer from a potential terrorist or other malicious actor;
            (2) determining the current capability of synthetic nucleic 
        acid providers to effectively screen orders for sequences of 
        homeland security concern; and
            (3) making recommendations regarding screening software, 
        protocols, and other remaining capability gaps uncovered by the 
        study.

SEC. 408. UNDERWATER TUNNEL SECURITY DEMONSTRATION PROJECT.

    (a) In General.--Not later than 180 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the Under Secretary, in consultation with the 
Assistant Secretary of the Transportation Security Administration, 
shall conduct a demonstration project to test and assess the 
feasibility and effectiveness of certain technologies to enhance the 
security of underwater public transportation tunnels against terrorist 
attacks involving the use of improvised explosive devices.
    (b) Inflatable Plugs.--At least one of the technologies tested in 
accordance with subsection (a) shall be inflatable plugs that may be 
rapidly deployed to prevent flooding of an underwater public 
transportation tunnel.
    (c) Report.--Not later than 180 days after the completion of the 
demonstration project under subsection (a), the Under Secretary shall 
submit to the appropriate congressional committees a report on the 
results of the demonstration project.

SEC. 409. CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL THREATS RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT.

    (a) In General.--The Under Secretary, in carrying out 
responsibilities under section 302 of the Homeland Security Act of 2002 
(6 U.S.C. 182), shall support research, development, testing, 
evaluation, and transition of technology that increases the Nation's 
preparedness against chemical and biological threats and strengthens 
the Nation's preparedness and collective response against these threats 
through improved threat awareness and advanced surveillance, detection, 
and protective countermeasures.
    (b) Biological Security.--To carry out the requirements of 
subsection (a), the Under Secretary shall conduct research to develop 
understanding, technologies, and systems needed to protect against 
biological attacks on the Nation's population or infrastructure, 
including--
            (1) providing advanced planning tools, concepts of 
        operations (including alarm resolution protocols), and training 
        exercises for responding to and recovering from biological 
        attacks;
            (2) developing biological assays and improved detection 
        technology that will operate with faster detection times, lower 
        costs, and the potential for increased geographical coverage to 
        the Nation when compared to existing homeland security 
        technologies;
            (3) characterizing threats posed by biological weapons, 
        anticipating future threats, conducting comprehensive threat 
        and risk assessments to guide prioritization of the Nation's 
        biodefense investments, and developing population threat 
        assessments that inform the issuance of material threat 
        determinations; and
            (4) conducting bioforensics research in support of criminal 
        investigations to aid attribution, apprehension, and 
        prosecution of a terrorist or other perpetrator of a biological 
        attack, and providing tools and facilities that Federal law 
        enforcement investigators need to analyze biological threat 
        evidence recovered, including operation of the National 
        Bioforensic Analysis Center.
    (c) Agricultural Security.--The Under Secretary shall conduct 
research and development to enhance the protection of the Nation's 
agriculture and food system against terrorist attacks, major disasters, 
and other emergencies through enhancement of current agricultural 
countermeasures, development of new agricultural countermeasures, and 
provision of safe, secure, state-of-the-art biocontainment laboratories 
for researching foreign animal and zoonotic diseases, including--
            (1) developing technologies to defend the Nation against 
        the natural and intentional introduction of selected foreign 
        animal diseases, developing next-generation vaccines and 
        diagnostics in coordination with the Department of Agriculture, 
        and modeling the spread of foreign animal diseases and their 
        economic impact to evaluate strategies for controlling 
        outbreaks; and
            (2) leading the Department effort to enhance interagency 
        coordination of research and development of agricultural 
        disease countermeasures.
    (d) Chemical Security.--The Under Secretary shall develop 
technology to reduce the Nation's vulnerability to chemical warfare 
agents and commonly used toxic industrial chemicals, including--
            (1) developing a robust and enduring analytical capability 
        in support of chemical countermeasures development, including 
        developing and validating forensic methodologies and analytical 
        tools, conducting risk and vulnerability assessments based on 
        chemical threat properties, and maintaining infrastructure 
        including the Chemical Security Analysis Center;
            (2) developing technology to detect a chemical threat 
        release; and
            (3) developing technologies and guidance documents to 
        foster a coordinated approach to returning a chemically 
        contaminated area to a normal condition, and to foster analysis 
        of contaminated areas both before and after the restoration 
        process.

SEC. 410. MARITIME DOMAIN AWARENESS AND MARITIME SECURITY TECHNOLOGY 
              TEST, EVALUATION, AND TRANSITION CAPABILITIES.

    (a) Global Maritime Domain Awareness and Maritime Security 
Technology Test, Evaluation, and Transition Capabilities.--
            (1) Establishment.--The Secretary shall establish 
        capabilities for conducting global maritime domain awareness 
        and maritime security technology test, evaluation, and 
        transition, as provided in this subsection.
            (2) Purpose.--The purpose of such capabilities shall be 
        to--
                    (A) direct technology test, evaluation, and 
                transition activities in furtherance of border and 
                maritime security; and
                    (B) evaluate such technology in diverse 
                environments including coastal, seaport, and offshore 
                locations.
    (b) Coordination.--The Secretary, acting through the Under 
Secretary, shall ensure that--
            (1) technology test, evaluation, and transition efforts 
        funded by the Department in furtherance of border and maritime 
        security avoid duplication of efforts and complement existing 
        Department and other efforts in border and maritime security; 
        and
            (2) the results of such efforts are shared with the 
        appropriate congressional committees and others as determined 
        appropriate by the Secretary.

SEC. 411. RAPID BIOLOGICAL THREAT DETECTION AND IDENTIFICATION.

    (a) In General.--Notwithstanding section 302(4) of the Homeland 
Security Act of 2002, the Secretary shall require the Under Secretary, 
in consultation with other relevant operational components of the 
Department, to pursue the development of screening capabilities for 
pandemic influenza and other infectious diseases to support entry and 
exit screening at ports of entry and for other purposes.
    (b) Development of Methods.--Not later than 60 days after the date 
of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall, to the extent possible, 
initiate development of safe and effective methods to rapidly screen 
incoming travelers at ports of entry for pandemic influenza and other 
infectious diseases.
    (c) Collaboration.--In developing methods under subsection (b), the 
Secretary may collaborate with other Federal agencies, as appropriate.

SEC. 412. EDUCATING THE PUBLIC ABOUT RADIOLOGICAL THREATS.

    (a) Public Awareness Campaign.--The Secretary shall develop a 
public awareness campaign to enhance preparedness and collective 
response to a radiological attack, including the following:
            (1) A clear explanation of the dangers associated with 
        radioactive materials.
            (2) Possible effects of different levels of radiation 
        exposure, including a clear description of the how radiation 
        exposure occurs and the amount of exposure necessary to be of 
        concern.
            (3) Actions that members of the public should take 
        regarding evacuation, personal decontamination, and medical 
        treatment.
    (b) Recovery.--The Secretary shall develop a plan for post-event 
recovery from a radiological attack. Such plan shall include the 
following:
            (1) A definition of the demarcation between response and 
        recovery from a radiological attack.
            (2) Consideration of multiple attack scenarios, including a 
        worst-case scenario.
            (3) Consideration of multiple recovery strategies, 
        including decontamination, demolition and removal, and 
        relocation.
            (4) Consideration of economic, health, and psychological 
        effects.

SEC. 413. RURAL RESILIENCE INITIATIVE.

    (a) In General.--The Under Secretary shall conduct research 
intended to assist State, local, and tribal leaders in developing the 
tools and methods to enhance preparation for, and response and 
resilience to, terrorist events and other incidents.
    (b) Included Activities.--Activities under this section shall 
include--
            (1) research and implementation through outreach activities 
        with rural communities;
            (2) an examination of how communities employ resilience 
        capabilities and response assets;
            (3) a community resilience baseline template for 
        determining the resilience capacity of a rural community;
            (4) a plan to address community needs for resilience;
            (5) an education program for community leaders and first 
        responders about their resilience capacity and mechanisms for 
        mitigation, including via distance learning; and
            (6) a mechanism by which this research can serve as a model 
        for adoption by communities across the Nation.

SEC. 414. SENSE OF CONGRESS REGARDING THE NEED FOR INTEROPERABILITY 
              STANDARDS FOR INTERNET PROTOCOL VIDEO SURVELLANCE 
              TECHNOLOGY.

    It is the sense of Congress that--
            (1) video surveillance systems that operate over the 
        Internet are an emerging homeland security technology that has 
        the potential of significantly improving homeland security 
        forensic and analytical capability;
            (2) to realize the full security benefits of such emerging 
        homeland security technology, there should be interoperability 
        standards for such technology;
            (3) the Directorate, working with other appropriate Federal 
        agencies, should encourage the private sector to develop 
        interoperability standards such emerging homeland security 
        technology; and
            (4) such efforts will help the Federal Government, which is 
        one of the largest users of surveillance technology, in 
        detecting, deterring, preventing, responding to terrorist 
        attacks.

               TITLE V--DOMESTIC NUCLEAR DETECTION OFFICE

SEC. 501. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

    There is authorized to be appropriated for the Domestic Nuclear 
Detection Office of the Department--
            (1) $305,840,000 for fiscal year 2011; and
            (2) $315,005,000 for fiscal year 2012.

SEC. 502. DOMESTIC NUCLEAR DETECTION OFFICE OVERSIGHT.

    (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that the 
Domestic Nuclear Detection Office of the Department (in this section 
referred to as the ``DNDO'') should work through the Directorate in 
conducting basic and innovative research and non-developmental testing, 
in order to advance next generation nuclear detection technologies.
    (b) Internal Review of Project Selection and Evaluation 
Methodology.--Not later than 90 days after the date of the enactment of 
this Act, the Director of the DNDO shall begin an internal review of 
the methodology by which research, development, testing, and evaluation 
is identified, prioritized, and funded by the DNDO. In conducting such 
review, the Director shall consult with the Under Secretary and the 
heads of all operational components of the Department that own, 
operate, or maintain nuclear or radiological detection technologies.
    (c) Contents of Review.--In carrying out the review required under 
subsection (b), the Director of the DNDO shall--
            (1) identify basic and innovative research and any non-
        developmental testing that should be conducted in concert and 
        under agreement with the Directorate;
            (2) produce a charter delineating roles, responsibilities, 
        common definitions, standard operating procedures, and decision 
        rules for research, development, testing, and evaluation 
        activities;
            (3) implement a transparent system for tracking research, 
        development, testing, and evaluation requirements;
            (4) establish a mechanism to provide regular updates to 
        components of the Department on the progress of such research;
            (5) establish a mechanism to facilitate training Department 
        components in subjects such as prioritizing homeland security 
        capability gaps and requirements development and analysis;
            (6) determine whether technical needs of the operational 
        components of the Department and State and local first 
        responders are being adequately addressed by the existing 
        project selection process, and if not, how such process can be 
        improved;
            (7) establish a method to collect and evaluate Department 
        component feedback;
            (8) developing matrices for and conducting impact 
        evaluations to determine if technologies produced by the 
        Directorate have enhanced the ability of Department components 
        to perform their missions;
            (9) identify appropriate five-year levels of investment in 
        basic and applied research and development, in particular among 
        the Department laboratories, federally funded research and 
        development centers, university-based centers, Department of 
        Energy national laboratories, and other Federal laboratories;
            (10) projected balance of use of the entities referred to 
        in paragraph (9) among the Directorate and other Department 
        components; and
            (11) establish a formal merit review process, with external 
        peer review where appropriate.
    (d) Report.--Not later than one year after the completion of the 
review required under subsection (b), the Director of the DNDO shall 
submit to the Secretary and the appropriate congressional committees a 
report containing the findings of such review, together with 
information on the systems, methods, and mechanisms established, and 
recommendations for additional improvements.
    (e) Directive.--Not later than 90 days after receipt of the review 
under subsection (d), the Secretary shall issue a departmental 
management directive institutionalizing the processes and procedures of 
the Department for identifying, prioritizing, and funding research, 
development, testing, and evaluation at the DNDO consistent with the 
analyses and recommendations under section 236 of the Homeland Security 
Act of 2002, as amended by this Act.
    (f) Quarterly Updates on Implementation.--One hundred and twenty 
days after the date of enactment of this Act, and on a quarterly basis 
thereafter, the Inspector General of the Department shall submit a 
quarterly update to the appropriate congressional committees on the 
status of implementation of this section and activities in support of 
such implementation.

SEC. 503. STRATEGIC PLAN AND FUNDING ALLOCATIONS FOR GLOBAL 
              ARCHITECTURE.

    Not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment of this 
Act, the Secretary shall submit to the appropriate congressional 
committees a report containing the following:
            (1) A strategic plan for a domestic component of the global 
        nuclear detection strategy, with specific focus on establishing 
        time frames and costs for--
                    (A) land border areas between ports of entry;
                    (B) aviation including passenger, cargo, and 
                general aviation;
                    (C) rail transportation modes including passenger 
                and freight trains;
                    (D) small maritime vessels; and
                    (E) any emerging threat vectors identified by the 
                Director of the Domestic Nuclear Detection Office.
            (2) In consultation with the Secretary of Defense, the 
        Secretary of Energy, the Secretary of State, the Nuclear 
        Regulatory Commission, and the Attorney General, an analysis of 
        overall budget allocations that determines whether Government-
        wide nuclear detection resources clearly align with identified 
        priorities to maximize results and minimize duplication of 
        efforts.
            (3) An assessment of the effectiveness, cost, and 
        feasibility of a maritime radiological and nuclear pilot 
        program, and undertake additional planning to identify future 
        steps, including how and where a broader strategy would be 
        implemented, what technology would be needed, what 
        organizations should be involved, and how such efforts would be 
        sustained.

SEC. 504. RADIATION PORTAL MONITOR ALTERNATIVES.

    (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that in view of 
the Secretary's decision not to certify advanced spectroscopic portal 
monitors for primary screening applications because they do not offer a 
significant increase in operational effectiveness over existing 
technology, the Director must attempt to identify viable alternatives.
    (b) In General.--The Director of the Domestic Nuclear Detection 
Office shall analyze and report to the appropriate congressional 
committees by not later than 90 days after the date of enactment of 
this Act on both existing and developmental alternatives to existing 
radiation portal monitors and advanced spectroscopic portal monitors 
that would provide the Department with a significant increase in 
operational effectiveness for primary screening for radioactive 
materials.

SEC. 505. AUTHORIZATION OF SECURING THE CITIES INITIATIVE.

    (a) Findings.--Congress finds the following:
            (1) The Securing the Cities Initiative of the Department 
        uses next generation radiation detection technology to detect 
        the transport of nuclear and radiological material in urban 
        areas by terrorists or other unauthorized individuals.
            (2) The technology used by partners in the Securing the 
        Cities Initiative leverages radiation detection technology used 
        at ports of entry.
            (3) The Securing the Cities Initiative has fostered 
        unprecedented collaboration and coordination among its Federal, 
        State, and local partners.
            (4) The Securing the Cities Initiative is a critical 
        national capability to detect the dangerous introduction of 
        nuclear and radiological material.
    (b) Authorization of Appropriations.--Of amounts authorized by 
section 501, there is authorized to be appropriated to the Director of 
the Domestic Nuclear Detection Office of the Department for the 
Securing the Cities Initiative such sums as may be necessary for each 
of fiscal years 2011 and 2012, including--
            (1) for each city in which it has been implemented by 
        fiscal year 2009--
                    (A) $20,000,000 for fiscal year 2011; and
                    (B) $10,000,000 for fiscal year 2012; and
            (2) for additional Securing the Cities initiatives to be 
        implemented in not fewer than 2 sites participating in the 
        Urban Area Security Initiative, such sums as may be necessary 
        each fiscal year to implement and sustain each additional 
        initiative.

                    TITLE VI--CLARIFYING AMENDMENTS

SEC. 601. FEDERALLY FUNDED RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTERS.

    Section 305 (6 U.S.C. 184) is amended--
            (1) by inserting ``(a) Establishment.--'' before the first 
        sentence; and
            (2) by adding at the end the following new subsections:
    ``(b) Congressional Tasking.--Upon a request of the chairman and 
the ranking minority member of an appropriate congressional committee, 
a federally funded research and development center established under 
this section is encouraged to perform independent analysis of homeland 
security issues and report its findings to the appropriate 
congressional committees and the Secretary.
    ``(c) Congressional Oversight.--Federally funded research and 
development centers established under this section are encouraged, upon 
request of the chairman and the ranking minority member of an 
appropriate congressional committee, to provide to the committee a copy 
of any report it produces for the Department or any of its components.
    ``(d) Conflicts of Interest.--The Secretary shall review and 
revise, as appropriate, the policies of the Department relating to 
personnel conflicts of interest to ensure that such policies 
specifically address employees of federally funded research and 
development centers established under this section who are in a 
position to make or materially influence research findings or agency 
decisionmaking.
    ``(e) Annual Reports.--Each federally funded research and 
development center established under this section shall transmit to the 
Secretary and appropriate congressional committees an annual report on 
the activities of the center.''.

SEC. 602. ELIMINATION OF HOMELAND SECURITY INSTITUTE.

    (a) Repeal.--Section 312 (6 U.S.C. 192) is repealed.
    (b) Clerical Amendment.--The table of contents in section 1(b) is 
amended by striking the item relating to such section.
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