[Congressional Bills 111th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[H.R. 3832 Introduced in House (IH)]
111th CONGRESS
1st Session
H. R. 3832
To enhance the effectiveness of United States diplomatic efforts with
respect to Iran by expanding economic sanctions against Iran to include
refined petroleum, require the Secretary of Defense to develop and
maintain viable military options to prevent the successful development
or deployment of a nuclear weapons capability by the Government of
Iran, and for other purposes.
_______________________________________________________________________
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
October 15, 2009
Mr. Franks of Arizona introduced the following bill; which was referred
to the Committee on Foreign Affairs, and in addition to the Committees
on Financial Services, Armed Services, Ways and Means, and Oversight
and Government Reform, for a period to be subsequently determined by
the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall
within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned
_______________________________________________________________________
A BILL
To enhance the effectiveness of United States diplomatic efforts with
respect to Iran by expanding economic sanctions against Iran to include
refined petroleum, require the Secretary of Defense to develop and
maintain viable military options to prevent the successful development
or deployment of a nuclear weapons capability by the Government of
Iran, and for other purposes.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the
United States of America in Congress assembled,
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.
This Act may be cited as the ``Peace Through Strength Act of
2009''.
SEC. 2. FINDINGS.
(a) Iranian Support for Terrorism.--Congress finds the following:
(1) On October 25, 2007, the Secretary of the Treasury
designated under Executive Order 13224 (50 U.S.C. 1701 note;
relating to designating and blocking assets of foreign
individuals and entities that commit, or pose a significant
risk of committing, acts of terrorism) the Islamic
Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC)-Quds Force for providing
material support to the Taliban and other terrorist
organization and Iran's state-owned Back Saderat as a terrorist
financier.
(2) In the 2008 Department of State Country Report, the
Secretary of State determined that of all state sponsors of
terrorism, the Government of Iran is the most active sponsor of
terrorism, threatening peace in the Middle East and
Afghanistan.
(3) According to the State Department, despite its pledge
to support the stabilization of Iraq, the Government of Iran
continues to provide lethal support, including weapons,
training, funding, and guidance, to Iraqi militant groups that
target Coalition and Iraqi forces and kill innocent Iraqi
civilians.
(4) Iranian-produced advanced rockets, sniper rifles,
automatic weapons, explosively formed penetrators, and mortars
have killed Iraqi and Coalition Forces as well as civilians.
(5) Iran has aided and abetted groups certified by the
United States Government as foreign terrorist organizations for
nearly 3 decades, including Lebanese Hezbollah, Hamas, and the
Palestinian Islamic Jihad.
(6) In April 2008 the Commanding General Multi-National
Force-Iraq, General David H. Petraeus, testified before the
Committee on Armed Services of the House of Representatives
that Iran has fueled the violence in a particularly damaging
way, through its lethal support to the ``special groups''
operating against coalition forces in Iraq.
(7) United States Ambassador to Iraq, Ryan C. Crocker,
testified in April 2008 that Iran continues to undermine the
efforts of the Government of Iraq to establish a stable, secure
state by training criminal militia elements engaged in violence
against Iraqi security forces, coalition forces, and Iraqi
civilians.
(8) The Director of the Central Intelligence Agency,
General Michael V. Hayden, stated on May 30, 2008, that ``It is
the policy of the Iranian government, approved at the highest
levels of that government, to facilitate the killing of
American and other coalition forces in Iraq. Period.''.
(9) The Director of Defense Intelligence Agency, Lieutenant
General Michael D. Maples, stated in his March 10, 2009,
testimony before the Senate Armed Services Committee, ``Iran
continues to provide money, weapons and training to some Iraqi
Shia militants despite pledges by senior Iranian officials to
stop such support. The weapons include Explosively Formed
Penetrators (EFPs) with radio-controlled, remote arming and
passive infrared detonators, mortars, rockets, rocket-propelled
grenades and launchers, small arms ammunition and
explosives.''.
(b) Iran's Ballistic Missile Fleet Developments and Testing.--
Congress finds the following:
(1) The Government of Iran continues to enhance the
capabilities of its ballistic missile fleet, holding United
States interest in Southern Europe, the Persian Gulf region,
and South Asia at risk of an attack.
(2) In September 2004, the Government of Iran showed off
its range of ballistic missiles at an annual military parade,
with the rockets draped in banners vowing to ``crush America''
and ``wipe Israel off the map''.
(3) On October 25, 2007, the Secretary of State designated
under Executive Order 13382 (50 U.S.C. 1701 note; relating to
blocking property of weapons of mass destruction proliferators
and their supporters) two key Iranian entities of missile
proliferation concern, the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps
(IRGC) and the Ministry of Defense and Armed Forces Logistics.
In addition, the Secretary of the Treasury designated under
Executive Order 13382 for proliferation activities nine IRGC-
affiliated entities and five IRGC-affiliated individuals as
derivatives of the IRGC, Iran's state-owned Banks Melli and
Mellat, and three individuals affiliated with Iran's Aerospace
Industries Organization.
(4) The IRGC has been outspoken about its willingness to
proliferate ballistic missiles capable of carrying weapons of
mass destruction.
(5) The IRGC's ballistic missile inventory includes
missiles which could be modified to deliver weapons of mass
destruction. The IRGC is one of the primary organizations of
the Iranian regime tied to developing and testing the Shahab-3
missile. The IRGC attempted, as recently as 2006, to procure
sophisticated and costly equipment that could be used to
support Iran's ballistic missile and nuclear programs.
(6) Iranian Defense Minister, Brigadier General Mostafa
Mohammad Najjar, has stated that one of the major projects of
the Iranian Ministry of Defense and Armed Forces Logistics is
the manufacturing of Shahab-3 missiles, and that this project
will not be halted.
(7) Michael McConnell, then Director of National
Intelligence, stated before the Senate Armed Services Committee
February 27, 2009, ``Iran continues to deploy ballistic
missiles inherently capable of delivering nuclear weapons, and
to develop longer-range missiles. I note again that two
activities relevant to a nuclear weapons capability continue:
uranium enrichment that will enable the production of fissile
material and development of long-range ballistic missile
systems.''.
(8) Iran test-fired nine long-range and medium range
missiles on July 9, 2008, and according to Iranian state
television, one of the missile systems was the Shahab-3,
capable of striking Israel.
(9) Iran currently possesses short-range ballistic missiles
(SRBM), as well as medium-range ballistic missiles (MRBM),
capable of reaching much of the Middle East region, including
Israel, and reaching Turkey.
(10) On April 5, 2009, the President Barack Obama said,
``So let me be clear: Iran's nuclear and ballistic missile
activity poses a real threat, not just to the United States,
but to Iran's neighbors and our allies.''.
(11) On February 3, 2009, the Government of Iran
successfully launched its first satellite into orbit--an act in
direct violation of United Nations Security Council Resolution
1737, limiting Iran from missile activity.
(12) Admiral Dennis C. Blair, Director of National
Intelligence, stated before the Senate Armed Services Committee
in March 2009, ``Space launch technology is no different from
military technology, and the Safir launch last month shows that
Iran is mastering the use of ballistic weapons.''.
(13) Admiral Dennis C. Blair, Director of National
Intelligence, stated before the Senate Armed Services Committee
in March 2009, ``Militarily, Iran continues to strengthen the
three pillars of its strategic deterrence: surface-to-surface
missiles, long-range rockets and aircraft for retaliation;
naval forces to disrupt maritime traffic through key waterways;
and unconventional forces and surrogates to conduct worldwide
lethal operations. Although many of their statements are
exaggerations, Iranian officials throughout the past year have
repeatedly claimed both greater ballistic missile capabilities
that could threaten United States and allied interests.''.
(14) General Michael Maples, Director of the Defense
Intelligence Agency stated before the Senate Armed Services
Committee in March 2009, ``Iran's February 3, 2009, launch of
the Safir space launch vehicle shows progress in mastering
technology needed to produce ICBMs.''.
(15) On May 19, 2009, the Government of Iran test-fired a
new two-stage, medium-range, solid fuel, surface-to-surface
missile, claiming it can span the entire nation of Israel and
United States forces deployed in the Persian Gulf Region.
(c) Iran's Nuclear Program.--Congress finds the following:
(1) An Iranian Government armed with nuclear weapons would
be significantly destabilizing to the Middle East region,
placing United Sates interests at grave risk, and inspiring
regional proliferation to counter-balance an Iranian nuclear-
strike capability.
(2) An Iranian Government equipped with nuclear weapons
could have a far greater ability to quash domestic dissent with
little fear of national intervention, hereby dimming prospects
for internal democratic transformation within Iran.
(3) The Government of Iran is actively developing the means
to indigenously produce enriched uranium, a necessary element
to develop a nuclear weapons capability, and has resisted
international calls for transparency and accountability
measures that would build confidence in the proclaimed peaceful
intent of Iran's nuclear program.
(4) On February 5, 2008, the Director of National
Intelligence testified before the Select Committee on
Intelligence of the Senate that ``Declared uranium enrichment
efforts, which will enable the production of fissile material,
continue. This is the most difficult challenge in nuclear
production. Iran's efforts to perfect ballistic missiles that
can reach North Africa and Europe also continue.''.
(5) In March 2009 Secretary of State Hillary Clinton, in
referring to United States allies, the Czech Republic and
Poland, said ``They recognize there is a real potential future
threat, that missiles not only with a nuclear warhead, but with
a conventional warhead or some other chemical or biological
weapon could very well be in the hands of a regime like Iran's,
which we know will use whatever advantage they have to
intimidate as far as they think their voice can reach.''.
(6) On April 6, 2009, the President Barack Obama stated,
``The peace of the region will also be advanced if Iran forgoes
any nuclear weapons ambitions.''.
(7) According to Israeli Defense estimates, Tehran is
believed to currently have an arsenal of 100-200 long-range
Shahab missiles that have a range of up to 2,000 kilometers and
carry up to one-ton warheads.
(8) According to Israeli Defense estimates, it is the
Government of Iran's plan to obtain 500 missile launchers and
over 1,000 missiles with a range of 2,500 km by 2015.
(9) On May 18, 2009, the President Barack Obama claimed,
``the Islamic Republic's obtaining a nuclear weapon would be
not only a threat to Israel and the United States, but
`profoundly destabilizing' to the international community in
general''.
(10) On May 18, 2009, while meeting with the President
Barack Obama, Israeli Prime Minister Benyamin Netanyahu said,
``[A nuclear Iran] could give the nuclear umbrella to
terrorists or worse, it could actually give nuclear weapons to
terrorists I believe it would put all of us in great peril.''
Iran's obtaining nuclear weapons would be an existential threat
not only to Israel but the rest of the world.
(11) According to the IAEA, Iran has installed 2 or 3 types
of next-generation centrifuges at Natanz FEP, including IR-2
and the IR-3.
(12) On March 17, 2009, British Prime Minister Gordon Brown
states, ``[L]et me be equally clear that Iran's current nuclear
program is unacceptable. Iran has concealed nuclear activities,
refused to cooperate with the IAEA, and flouted United Nations
Security Council Resolutions. Its refusal to play by the rules
leads us to view its nuclear program as a critical
proliferation threat. Iran therefore faces a clear choice--
continue in this way and face further and tougher sanctions, or
change to a United Nations overseen civil nuclear energy
program that will bring the greatest benefits to its
citizens.''.
(13) An International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) report
released on June 5, 2009, confirmed that the number of
centrifuges enriching uranium at the Natanz Fuel Enrichment
Plant (FEP) has increased to 4,920 (up from 3,936) with an
additional 2,132 installed and operating under vacuum. This
brings the total number of centrifuges either enriching uranium
or installed and ready to begin enrichment to 7,052.
(14) On July 8, 2009, Chairman of the Joint Chief of Staff,
Admiral Michael Mullen stated, the ``window is closing'' for
preventing Iran from acquiring a nuclear weapon. He continues
saying, ``Iran is very focused on developing this capability
and the clock is ticking and that's why I'm as concerned as I
am.''.
(15) On September 25, 2009, it was announced that Iran
possessed a covert uranium enrichment facility along a road
leading to the city of Qom.
(16) On September 30, 2009, Iran's nuclear chief Ali Akbar
Salehi said, ``The [Qom] facility was built inside a mountain
next to a military compound of the Revolutionary Guard, and is
equipped with air defense systems.''. He openly expressed this
will ensure continuity of its nuclear activities in case of an
attack.
(17) British Prime Minister Gordon Brown commented on the
Iranian nuclear facility at Qom saying, ``this is clear
evidence of Iran's serial deception. The size and configuration
of this facility is inconsistent with a peaceful programme.
Iran is breaking rules that all nations must follow--
endangering the nonproliferation regime, denying its people
access to the opportunity they deserve, and threatening the
stability and security of the region and the world.''.
(18) Prime Minister Netanyahu called Iran ``the major
terrorist-sponsoring state of our time''. He says, ``that
Tehran could give those nuclear weapons to terrorists or give
them a nuclear umbrella that would bring terrorism beyond our
wildest dreams''.
(19) In September 2009, it was reported Iran is helping to
detect uranium deposits in Venezuela. Iran's Mining Minister
Rodolfo Sanz said ``Iran has been assisting Venezuela with
geophysical survey flights and geochemical analysis of the
deposits, and that evaluations indicate the existence of
uranium in western parts of the country and in Santa Elena de
Uairen''. Sanz told reporters of this discovery, ``We could
have important reserves of uranium.''.
(20) Department of State spokesman Ian Kelly said recently
that United States officials also have ``concerns'' about a
possible transfer of nuclear materials between Iran and
Venezuela.
(d) U.S. Threat of Electromagnetic Pulse (EMP) Attack.--Congress
finds the following:
(1) According to the EMP Commission, a single nuclear
weapon exploded at high altitude above the United States will
produce an electromagnetic pulse (EMP).
(2) According to the EMP Commission, an EMP attack would
disrupt electrical power necessary to support other critical
infrastructures, including supply and distribution of water,
food, fuel, communications, transport, financial transactions,
emergency services, government services, and all other
infrastructures supporting the national economy and welfare. If
significant parts of the electrical power infrastructure are
lost for any substantial period of time, the Commission
believes that the consequences are likely to be catastrophic,
and many people may ultimately die for lack of the basic
elements necessary to sustain life in dense urban and suburban
communities.
(3) The EMP Commission stated in its report that certain
types of relatively low-yield nuclear weapons can be employed
to generate potentially catastrophic EMP effects over wide
geographic areas, and designs for variants of such weapons may
have been illicitly trafficked for a quarter-century.
(4) According to the EMP Commission, China and Russia have
considered limited nuclear attack options that, unlike their
Cold War plans, employ EMP as the primary or sole means of
attack.
(5) The EMP Commission recognizes a determined adversary
can achieve an EMP attack capability without having a high
level of sophistication.
(6) Having already conducted tests from sea-based
platforms, detonating warheads at the highest point of the
missile trajectory, Iran is exploring a workable research
program to deliver an EMP attack against its enemies.
(e) Iranian Dependence on Petroleum Imports.--Congress finds the
following:
(1) Iran is OPEC's largest oil producer after Saudi Arabia
with a refining capacity of some 1.5 million barrels per day
but still has to import around one-third of its gasoline to
meet domestic demand.
(2) Iran imports around 140,000 barrels per day of
gasoline, most of which is shipped in 30,000- to 35,000-ton
cargoes to the Mideast Gulf port of Bandar Abbas.
(3) An interruption or significant limiting of the supply
of gasoline to Iran would considerably impact the Iranian
economy.
(4) An international restriction of gasoline exports to
Iran would significantly bolster current diplomatic
initiatives.
(5) On June 4, 2008, then-Senator Barack Obama said, ``we
should work with Europe, Japan, and the Gulf states to find
every avenue outside the United Nations to isolate the Iranian
regime--from cutting off loan guarantees and expanding
financial sanctions to banning the export of refined petroleum
to Iran.''.
(6) On October 7, 2008, then-Senator Barack Obama said,
``Iran right now imports gasoline . . . if we can prevent them
from importing the gasoline that they need . . . that starts
changing their cost-benefit analysis. That starts putting the
squeeze on them.''.
(f) Violation of Human Rights.--Congress finds the following:
(1) Reports indicate the Government of Iran directed
Iranian children to clear the minefields during the Iran-Iraq
war, resulting in their deaths.
(2) The Department of State's International Religious
Freedom Report of 2008 concluded that there was a continued
deterioration of the Government of Iran's extremely poor status
regarding respect for religious freedom, and every year since
1999 the Department of State has designated Iran a ``country of
particular concern'' under the International Religious Freedom
Act of 1998 for its violations of religious freedom.
(3) The Department of State's Human Rights Report of 2008
concluded the Government of Iran's poor human rights record
worsened, and it continued to commit numerous serious abuses.
(4) The Government of Iran severely limits citizens' right
to modify their government peacefully through free and fair
elections.
(5) The Government of Iran carries out summary executions,
including executions of minors, following trials that lack due
process.
(6) Many arrests in Iran are carried out by plain-clothed
officials who fail to identify themselves and who do not
produce an official arrest warrant or state a reason for the
arrest.
(7) On December 18, 2008, for the sixth consecutive year,
the United Nations General Assembly adopted a resolution on
Iran expressing ``deep concern at ongoing systematic violations
of human rights''.
(8) The Government of Iran systemically suppresses the
freedoms of expression and the press, and severely limits the
freedom of assembly of its own citizens.
(9) The Government of Iran takes away the rights of women
in Iran, including their right to the freedoms of movement,
association, thought, conscience, and religion, as well as
freedom from coercion in matters or belief.
(10) Iranian President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad's denials of the
Holocaust and statements calling for Israel to be ``wiped off
the map'' have created a climate of fear among Iran's Jewish
community.
(11) The Government of Iran continues to abuse and torture
detainees and prisoners, including carrying out severe
punishments such as amputations and floggings.
(12) On February 9, 2009, Malcolm Smart, Director of
Amnesty International's Middle East and North Africa programme
said, ``Thirty years on, some of the worst abuses of the Shah's
time--torture, executions and the suppression of legitimate
dissent--are still being replicated in Iran, despite the
efforts of the country's growing and valiant community of human
rights defenders.''.
(13) Christians, in particular Evangelicals and other
Protestants, in Iran continue to be subject to harassment,
arrests, close surveillance, and imprisonment, and many
converts from Islam to Christianity have fled the country for
fear of persecution.
(14) According to Amnesty International, people in Iran are
still enduring a catalogue of human rights abuses, 30 years
after the Islamic Revolution.
SEC. 3. STATEMENT OF POLICY.
(a) In General.--It shall be policy of the United States to seek
normalization of relations with Iran once the following conditions are
satisfied:
(1) The Government of Iran denounces the use of terrorism
as a means to further political ends.
(2) The Government of Iran turns over to the United States
Al Qaeda members known by the Government of Iran to be living
in Iran.
(3) The Government of Iran stops providing material support
to groups designated as terrorist organizations under United
States law.
(4) The Government of Iran ceases support for the wounding
and killing of United States and coalition forces in Iraq and
Afghanistan.
(5) The Government of Iran dismantles its chemical,
biological, radiological, and nuclear weapons programs and
commits to combating the proliferation of such weapons.
(6) The Government of Iran ceases the development and
testing of long range ballistic missiles.
(7) The Government of Iran respects the boundaries,
sovereignty, and right to exist of its neighbors, including the
State of Israel, and contributes positively toward the Israeli-
Palestinian peace process.
(8) The Government of Iran upholds and defends the human
rights and civil liberties of its citizens.
(b) Policy on International Engagement.--The United States shall
take the following actions:
(1) The United States shall cooperate with allies to employ
all instruments of national power to prevent the successful
development or deployment of a nuclear weapons capability by
the Government of Iran.
(2) The United States may not compromise elements of
national missile defense systems, or offensive strategic
weapons in exchange for Russia putting pressure on Iran.
(3) The United States shall cooperate with allies to
expeditiously deploy a missile defense system that is capable
of intercepting Iranian short, medium, and long-range missiles
aimed at the United States or North Atlantic Treaty
Organization (NATO) allies.
(4) The United States shall support the right of Israel to
protect itself and shall remain committed to the defense of
Israel, including support of the development of a national
missile defense shield for Israel to defeat missile and rocket
attack.
SEC. 4. AMENDMENTS TO THE IRAN SANCTIONS ACT OF 1996 AND RELATED
PROVISIONS.
(a) Explanation of Sanctions to Refined Petroleum.--Section 4 of
the Iran Sanctions Act of 1996 (50 U.S.C. 1701 note) is amended by
adding at the end the following new subsection:
``(g) United States Policy Toward Iran.--It shall be the policy of
the United States to encourage foreign governments to--
``(1) direct state-owned entities to cease all investment
in Iran's energy sector and all exports of refined petroleum
resources to Iran; and
``(2) persuade, and, where possible, require private
entities based in their territories to cease all investment in
Iran's energy sector and all exports of refined petroleum
resources to Iran.''.
(b) Sanctions With Respect to the Development of Petroleum
Resources of Iran and Export of Refined Petroleum Resources to Iran.--
Section 5(a) of the Iran Sanctions Act of 1996 (50 U.S.C. 1701 note) is
amended to read as follows:
``(a) Sanctions With Respect to the Development of Petroleum
Resources of Iran.--Except as provided in subsection (f), the President
shall impose 2 or more of the sanctions described in paragraphs (1)
through (6) of section 6 if the President determines that a person has,
with actual knowledge, on or after the date of the enactment of this
subsection, made an investment of $20,000,000 or more (or any
combination of investments of at least $5,000,000 each, which in the
aggregate equals or exceeds $20,000,000 in any 12-month period), that
directly and significantly contributed to the enhancement of Iran's
ability to develop petroleum resources of Iran.''.
(c) Mandatory Sanctions With Respect to Development of Weapons of
Mass Destruction or Other Military Capabilities.--Section 5(b) of the
Iran Sanctions Act of 1996 (50 U.S.C. 1701 note) is amended to read as
follows:
``(b) Mandatory Sanctions With Respect to Development of Weapons of
Mass Destruction or Other Military Capabilities.--The President shall
impose two or more of the sanctions described in paragraphs (1) through
(6) of section 6 if the President determines that a person has, on or
after the date of the enactment of the subsection, provided Iran with
refined petroleum resources, engaged in an activity, including
production, brokerage, insurance, and tanker delivery services, that
could contribute to Iran's ability to import refined petroleum
resources, or exported, transferred, or otherwise provided to Iran any
goods, services, technology, or other items knowing that the provision
of such goods, services, technology, or other items would contribute
materially to the ability of Iran to--
``(1) acquire or develop chemical, biological, or nuclear
weapons or related technologies; or
``(2) acquire or develop destabilizing numbers and types of
advanced conventional weapons.''.
(d) Sanctions With Respect to Importation or Exportation of Certain
Goods or Services.--Section 5 of the Iran Sanctions Act of 1996 (50
U.S.C. 1701 note) is amended--
(1) by redesignating subsections (c) through (f) as
subsections (d) through (g), respectively;
(2) by inserting after subsection (b) the following new
subsection:
``(c) Sanctions With Respect to Importation or Exportation of
Certain Goods or Services.--Except as provided in subsection (g), the
President shall impose 2 or more of the sanctions described in
paragraphs (1) through (6) of section 6 if the President determines
that a person has, on or after the date of the enactment of this
subsection--
``(1) imported, or financed such importation of, any goods
or services of Iranian origin, other than Iranian-origin
publications and materials imported for news publications or
news broadcast dissemination; or
``(2) exported to Iran, the Government of Iran, or to any
entity owned or controlled by the Government of Iran, or
finances such exportation of, any goods or technology, other
than goods for humanitarian purposes.'';
(3) in subsection (a), by striking ``subsection (f)'' and
inserting ``subsection (g)'';
(4) in subsection (d), as redesignated by paragraph (1) of
this subsection--
(A) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), by
striking ``subsections (a) and (b)'' and inserting
``subsections (a), (b), and (c)''; and
(B) in paragraph (1), by striking ``subsection (a)
or (b)'' and inserting ``subsection (a), (b), or (c)'';
and
(5) in subsection (g), as redesignated by paragraph (1) of
this subsection--
(A) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), by
striking ``subsection (a) or (b)'' and inserting
``subsection (a), (b), or (c)''; and
(B) by adding at the end the following new
sentence:
``The exceptions specified in this subsection shall not apply
to the Iranian state broadcasting system, including Islamic
Republic of Iran Broadcasting (IRIB).''.
(e) Additional Sanctions.--Section 6(6) of the Iran Sanctions Act
of 1996 (50 U.S.C. 1701 note) is amended--
(1) by striking ``The President''; and inserting the
following new subparagraph:
``(A) In general.--The President''; and
(2) by adding at the end the following new subparagraphs:
``(B) Foreign exchange.--The President shall, under
such regulations as the President may prescribe,
prohibit any transactions in foreign exchange by the
sanctioned person.
``(C) Banking transactions.--The President shall,
under such regulations as the President may prescribe,
prohibit any transfers of credit or payments between,
by, through, or to any financial institution, to the
extent that such transfers or payments involve any
interest of the sanctioned person.
``(D) Property transactions.--The President shall,
under such regulations as the President may prescribe,
prohibit any acquisition, holding, withholding, use,
transfer, withdrawal, transportation, importation, or
exportation of, dealing in, or exercising any right,
power, or privilege with respect to, or transactions
involving, any property in which the sanctioned person
has any interest by any person, or with respect to any
property, subject to the jurisdiction of the United
States.''.
(f) Waiver.--Section 9(c) of the Iran Sanctions Act of 1996 (50
U.S.C. 1701 note) is amended by adding at the end the following new
paragraph:
``(4) Oversight hearings.--If the President exercises the
waiver authority under this subsection, Congress shall, not
later than 30 days after receipt of the report under paragraph
(1), conduct oversight hearings with respect to the exercise of
such waiver authority.''.
(g) Certain Biannual Reports.--Section 10 of the Iran Sanctions Act
of 1996 (50 U.S.C. 1701 note) is amended by adding at the end the
following new subsections:
``(d) Biannual Reports on Refined Petroleum Exports to Iran.--Not
later than six months after the date of the enactment of this
subsection and every six months thereafter, the President shall
transmit to the appropriate congressional committees a report
describing, with respect to the preceding six-month period--
``(1) any person that has provided Iran with refined
petroleum resources, and the petroleum resources so provided;
``(2) any activity, including production, brokerage,
insurance, and tanker delivery services, engaged in that could
contribute to Iran's ability to import refined petroleum
resources;
``(3) any person that has provided Iran with goods,
services, or technology for refining petroleum, and the goods,
services, or technology so provided; and
``(4) steps taken by the President to carry out the policy
set forth in section 4(g).
``(e) Biannual Reports on Political Leadership and Other Individual
and Business Interests.--Not later than six months after the date of
the enactment of this subsection and every six months thereafter, the
Secretary of the Treasury shall submit to the appropriate congressional
committees a report that--
``(1) lists the top political leadership of Iran, the
individuals and corporate entities supporting such political
leadership, and the foreign trading partners of such
individuals and corporate entities; and
``(2) establishes a list of key individuals and commercial
entities associated with the Islamic Revolution Guards Corps
(IRGC) and the foreign trading partners of the IRGC.''.
SEC. 5. DEVELOPMENT OF MILITARY OPTIONS FOR PREVENTING IRAN FROM
DEVELOPING OR DEPLOYING A NUCLEAR WEAPONS CAPABILITY.
(a) Declaration of Policy.--Congress declares that the United
States is wholly capable, willing, and ready to use military force to
prevent Iran from obtaining or developing a nuclear weapons capability.
(b) Development.--As part of a United States policy that uses all
instruments of national power to prevent the Government of Iran from
successfully developing nuclear weapons and the means to hold United
States interests at risk with those weapons, the Secretary of Defense
shall develop and maintain viable military options to prevent the
successful development or deployment of a nuclear weapons capability by
the Government of Iran.
(c) Report.--Not later than six months after the enactment of this
Act and annually thereafter, the Secretary of Defense shall submit to
the Committee on Armed Services of the House of Representatives and the
Committee on Armed Services of the Senate a report describing the
following regarding military options toward the Government of Iran:
(1) An update on Iranian nuclear and ballistic missile
threat to include all ballistic missile testing conducted, the
status of Iran's ability to produce or acquire fissile
material, and nuclear stockpile changes in the previous one-
year period.
(2) An outline of Department of Defense military options
toward the Government of Iran to counter a nuclear ballistic
missile threat.
(3) A readiness update on the status of forces used in the
various military options.
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