[Congressional Bills 111th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[H.R. 2795 Introduced in House (IH)]

111th CONGRESS
  1st Session
                                H. R. 2795

    To address global hunger and improve food security through the 
development and implementation of a comprehensive governmentwide global 
hunger reduction strategy, the establishment of the White House Office 
 on Global Hunger and Food Security, and the creation of the Permanent 
       Joint Select Committee on Hunger, and for other purposes.


_______________________________________________________________________


                    IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

                             June 10, 2009

   Mr. McGovern (for himself, Mrs. Emerson, and Mr. Moore of Kansas) 
 introduced the following bill; which was referred to the Committee on 
 Foreign Affairs, and in addition to the Committees on Agriculture and 
 Rules, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in 
   each case for consideration of such provisions as fall within the 
                jurisdiction of the committee concerned

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL


 
    To address global hunger and improve food security through the 
development and implementation of a comprehensive governmentwide global 
hunger reduction strategy, the establishment of the White House Office 
 on Global Hunger and Food Security, and the creation of the Permanent 
       Joint Select Committee on Hunger, and for other purposes.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Roadmap to End Global Hunger and 
Promote Food Security Act of 2009'' or the ``Roadmap Act of 2009''.

SEC. 2. FINDINGS.

    Congress finds the following:
            (1) The international community has made progress 
        decreasing global hunger over the past four decades, reducing 
        the percentage of the world's population that is hungry from 37 
        percent to 17 percent. The United States provided critical 
        global leadership in achieving this success and is the world's 
        largest donor of emergency food assistance to vulnerable 
        populations affected by war, conflict, and natural and weather-
        related disasters.
            (2) Although the percentage of individuals experiencing 
        hunger has fallen steadily over several decades, the total 
        number of such individuals has grown. The United Nations Food 
        and Agricultural Organization estimated in December 2008 that 
        the number of individuals suffering from hunger is 963,000,000, 
        an increase of 115,000,000 over the last 2 years.
            (3) Poverty in developing countries remains largely a rural 
        issue, with 75 percent of individuals in extreme poverty living 
        in rural areas. Strategies to address hunger, food security, 
        and agricultural development must respond to the needs and 
        reality of small-scale producers, especially women, who 
        represent between 60 to 80 percent of agricultural producers in 
        the developing world, in remote and rural areas.
            (4) According to the United Nations World Food Program 
        (WFP), more than 400,000,000 children suffer from chronic 
        hunger, and an estimated 75,000,000 of these children, two-
        thirds of whom are female, do not attend school. The United 
        Nations Children's Fund estimates that 9,200,000 children under 
        the age of 5 die every year, mostly from preventable and 
        treatable causes, and that child and maternal malnutrition 
        contributes to approximately 6,000,000 deaths of children under 
        the age of 5 annually.
            (5) Children who are malnourished in the first two years of 
        life suffer irreparable harm, have lower productivity and lower 
        wages as adults, and are more likely to have children who are 
        malnourished.
            (6) Over the last 25 years, United States assistance for 
        agricultural development has declined by 85 percent, and with 
        few exceptions, much of the international community has also 
        neglected agricultural development in the world's poorest 
        areas. At the end of 2008, the United States Agency for 
        International Development (USAID) had only 16 agricultural 
        specialists and 6 technical agricultural experts on staff, 
        representing a substantial lack of expertise and specialists at 
        USAID headquarters in Washington, DC, and at United States 
        field missions across the globe. Further, there has been a 
        decline in United States and international donor support for 
        agricultural education, research and development, and extension 
        services at all levels in developing countries and among donor 
        nations.
            (7) During the period from 2002 to 2008, the world 
        experienced rising food prices, including rapid acceleration 
        occurring from 2007 to 2008, with a devastating effect on the 
        food security and welfare of the 1,000,000,000 individuals 
        worldwide who live on less than one dollar a day and who spend 
        50 percent to 80 percent of their income on food. Sharply 
        increased prices for food and petroleum-based products, 
        including fuel and fertilizers, were particularly devastating 
        for poor, small, and rural agricultural producers.
            (8) The Economic Research Service of the Department of 
        Agriculture reported in May 2009 that factors contributing to 
        rising food and fuel costs included decreased international 
        stocks of staple grains and cereals, increased commodity prices 
        brought about by drought, floods, and global climate change, 
        increased food and fuel consumption by middle-income countries, 
        such as China and India, and increased pressure on land use and 
        production of basic cereals from greater cultivation of 
        biofuels. Regarding rice, which is critical to the diet of 
        about half the world's population, factors behind the rise in 
        global prices in 2008 were trade restrictions by major 
        suppliers, panic buying of large importers, a weak dollar, and 
        record oil prices.
            (9) From January 2007 through June 2008, food protests, 
        including strikes, demonstrations, and riots over food, 
        occurred in more than 50 countries, with some countries 
        experiencing multiple occurrences and a high degree of 
        violence, leading United States intelligence analysts and the 
        Government Accountability Office (GAO) to identify the 
        political consequences of severe hunger and food insecurity 
        among the main threats to national security, particularly in 
        weak and fragile states.
            (10) Reducing hunger and increasing food security require 
        sustained multilateral cooperation. At the 1996 World Food 
        Summit in Rome, Italy, the United States and more than 180 
        world leaders pledged to halve the total number of 
        undernourished people worldwide from the 1990 level--a 
        commitment reaffirmed in September 2000 when they adopted the 
        United Nations Millennium Declaration and established eight 
        Millennium Development Goals, the first of which is cutting 
        global hunger and extreme poverty in half by 2015. On July 15, 
        2008, the United Nations High Level Task Force on Global Food 
        Security presented the Comprehensive Framework for Action to 
        address the global food crisis, providing governments and 
        intergovernmental and nongovernmental organizations with 
        concrete immediate and longer term responses to achieving food 
        security, and which served as an impetus for dozens of 
        countries to increase aid commitments. Further, in his March 
        2009 report to the United Nations General Assembly, the United 
        Nations Special Rapporteur on the Right to Food recognized that 
        for international assistance to be effective, it is necessary 
        to overcome structural impediments to the availability of and 
        access to the global food supply for the one billion people who 
        are undernourished.
            (11) Established in 1983, the House Select Committee on 
        Hunger examined domestic and global hunger issues 
        comprehensively and made recommendations to the committees of 
        jurisdiction on a broad range of programmatic and policy 
        matters. These efforts led to increased resources for a variety 
        of crucial emergency, safety net, health, education, income 
        generation, agricultural development, child survival, and other 
        programs. Congressional authorization for the House Select 
        Committee on Hunger ended in January 1993.
            (12) In May 2008, the GAO released the report, 
        ``International Food Security: Insufficient Efforts by Host 
        Governments and Donors Threaten Progress to Halve Hunger in 
        Sub-Saharan Africa by 2015'', indicating that current efforts 
        by the United States and international donors would not achieve 
        the goal of cutting hunger in half by 2015 in sub-Sahara 
        Africa. The GAO called for a governmentwide comprehensive plan 
        to design, implement, oversee, and evaluate United States 
        programs and funding with respect to achieving the goal.
            (13) President Barack Obama has committed the United States 
        to new leadership in the effort to reduce by half global hunger 
        and poverty by 2015, a commitment that was reiterated on 
        January 26, 2009, by Secretary of State Hillary Clinton at the 
        High Level Meeting on Food Security for All Conference held in 
        Madrid, Spain. On April 2, 2009, the President announced at the 
        conclusion of the G-20 Meeting in London the need to provide 
        ``immediate assistance to vulnerable populations'' as a result 
        of the global financial crisis and to ``double support for 
        agricultural development'' so that people might ``lift 
        themselves out of poverty''.
            (14) On February 24, 2009, a broad-based coalition of 
        United States nongovernmental organizations released the 
        ``Roadmap to End Global Hunger'', outlining a comprehensive 
        policy framework and specific funding levels for United States 
        food assistance and development programs through fiscal year 
        2014, including the creation of a White House office on global 
        hunger, appointment of a global hunger coordinator, restoration 
        of a select committee on hunger, and the development and 
        implementation of a comprehensive governmentwide plan to 
        alleviate global hunger.

SEC. 3. STATEMENT OF POLICY.

    (a) In General.--It shall be the policy of the United States to 
reduce global hunger, advance nutrition, increase food security, and 
ensure that relevant Federal policies and programs--
            (1) provide emergency response and direct support to 
        vulnerable populations in times of need, whether provoked by 
        natural disaster, conflict, or acute economic difficulties;
            (2) increase resilience to and reduce, limit, or mitigate 
        the impact of shocks on vulnerable populations, reducing the 
        need for emergency interventions;
            (3) increase and build the capacity of people and 
        governments to sustainably feed themselves;
            (4) ensure adequate access for all individuals, especially 
        mothers and children, to the required calories and nutrients 
        needed to live healthy lives;
            (5) strengthen the ability of small-scale farmers, 
        especially women, to sustain and increase their production and 
        livelihoods; and
            (6) incorporate sustainable and environmentally sound 
        agricultural methods and practices.
    (b) Initiatives.--It shall be further the policy of the United 
States that initiatives developed to carry out subsection (a)--
            (1) be guided by a comprehensive governmentwide strategy 
        under Presidential leadership that integrates the policies and 
        programs of all Federal agencies;
            (2) be balanced and flexible to allow for programs that 
        meet emergency needs and increased investments in longer-term 
        programs;
            (3) develop mechanisms that allow cash and commodity-based 
        resources to be effectively combined;
            (4) define clear targets, benchmarks and indicators of 
        success, including gender analysis, in order to monitor 
        implementation, guarantee accountability and determine whether 
        beneficiaries achieve increased and sustainable food security;
            (5) employ the full range of diplomatic resources and 
        provide incentives to other countries to meet their obligations 
        to reduce hunger and promote food security; and
            (6) work within a framework of multilateral commitments.

SEC. 4. ESTABLISHMENT OF THE WHITE HOUSE OFFICE ON GLOBAL HUNGER AND 
              FOOD SECURITY.

    (a) Findings.--Congress finds the following:
            (1) Hunger, malnutrition, under-nutrition, and food 
        insecurity affect nearly every aspect of international 
        security, development, and humanitarian response within the 
        Federal Government.
            (2) While the United States cannot be expected to shoulder 
        the majority of global investments in ending hunger and 
        providing food security, the United States can and should lead 
        the international community by taking immediate steps to make 
        existing Federal programs more effective by increasing funding 
        and requiring greater accountability in the implementation and 
        effectiveness of United States global hunger, nutrition, safety 
        net, emergency response, and agricultural development policies 
        and programs.
            (3) Despite the broad range of United States policies and 
        programs related to ending global hunger and promoting food 
        security, there is no single office, official, or comprehensive 
        governmentwide plan that effectively integrates these 
        activities and allows for comprehensive budgeting, evaluation, 
        oversight, and accountability.
    (b) Establishment.--There is established in the Executive Office of 
the President the White House Office on Global Hunger and Food Security 
(hereinafter referred to in this section as the ``Office'').
    (c) Functions.--The functions of the Office shall include the 
following:
            (1) Providing advice to the President on global hunger and 
        food security issues.
            (2) Providing leadership and taking actions, consistent 
        with applicable law, to ensure that efforts to reduce global 
        hunger and increase food security are priorities of the Federal 
        Government.
            (3) Working with Federal departments and agencies to ensure 
        that addressing global hunger and food security is prioritized 
        within such departments and agencies and that appropriate 
        consideration is given by such departments and agencies to the 
        potential impact of their actions on global hunger and food 
        security, including in United States diplomatic, trade, energy, 
        and labor relations.
            (4) Coordinating the development and implementation of a 
        comprehensive governmentwide strategy to address global hunger 
        and food security within an overall strategy for global 
        development as described in subsection (e).
            (5) Maintaining an inventory of global hunger and food 
        security programs and activities of the Federal Government.
            (6) Assessing existing authorities and mechanisms within 
        the Federal Government to address global hunger and food 
        security and identifying the shortfalls of such authorities and 
        mechanisms.
            (7) Preparing and submitting to the President and Congress 
        an annual report on the expenditures of the Federal Government 
        for global hunger and food security programs and a suggested 
        budget for such programs.
            (8) Working with Federal departments and agencies, 
        including the Office of Management and Budget, to take actions, 
        consistent with applicable law, to ensure that Federal programs 
        addressing global hunger and food security receive adequate, 
        sustained, and reliable funding and that such funding is 
        effectively spent.
            (9) Establishing indicators to measure progress with 
        respect to specific global hunger and food security targets, 
        including gender-sensitive goals, in consultation with and with 
        input solicited from stakeholders, potential beneficiaries, and 
        implementing agencies and entities and ensuring adequate 
        monitoring and evaluation of such indicators, including 
        reporting to the President quarterly on the progress of Federal 
        departments and agencies in meeting such targets and the 
        contribution to such progress by the high-level, governmentwide 
        global hunger and food security meeting, described in 
        subsection (f)(3).
            (10) Taking actions, consistent with applicable law, to 
        ensure Federal Government coordination with other donor 
        governments and international institutions.
            (11) Consulting with relevant public, private, and 
        nongovernmental groups in the development, implementation, and 
        monitoring of the comprehensive governmentwide strategy to 
        address global hunger and food security.
            (12) Promoting public awareness of the importance of 
        addressing global hunger and food security and Federal efforts 
        to achieve the goal of cutting global hunger in half by 2015.
            (13) Submitting to the President and Congress, not later 
        than March 31 of each year, an annual report on the 
        implementation of the comprehensive governmentwide strategy to 
        address global hunger and food security, including an 
        assessment of agency innovations, achievements, and failures to 
        perform, and policy and budget recommendations for changes to 
        agency operations, priorities, and funding.
    (d) Coordinator of the Office.--The President shall appoint a 
Coordinator on Global Hunger and Food Security (hereinafter referred to 
in this section as the ``Coordinator''). The Coordinator shall be the 
head of the Office and shall report to the President.
    (e) Comprehensive Governmentwide Strategy.--
            (1) In general.--The Coordinator shall develop and take 
        actions, consistent with applicable law, to implement a 
        comprehensive governmentwide strategy to address global hunger 
        and food security across the Federal Government, which shall 
        include content with respect to programs and policies for--
                    (A) emergency response and management;
                    (B) safety nets, social protection, and disaster 
                risk reduction;
                    (C) nutrition;
                    (D) market-based agriculture, the rehabilitation 
                and expansion of rural agricultural infrastructure, and 
                rural development;
                    (E) agricultural education, research and 
                development, and extension services;
                    (F) government to government technical assistance 
                programs;
                    (G) natural resource management, environmentally 
                sound agriculture, and responses to the impact of 
                climate change on agriculture and food production;
                    (H) monitoring and evaluation mechanisms; and
                    (I) provision of adequate and sustained resources, 
                including multiyear funding, to ensure the scale and 
                duration of programs required to carry out the United 
                States commitment to alleviate global hunger and 
                promote food security.
            (2) Coordination with international goals.--In accordance 
        with applicable law, the Coordinator shall ensure that the 
        comprehensive governmentwide strategy described in paragraph 
        (1) contributes to achieving the Millennium Development Goal of 
        reducing global hunger by half not later than 2015 and to 
        advancing the United Nations Comprehensive Framework for Action 
        with respect to global hunger and food security, including 
        supporting the United Nations, international agencies, 
        governments and other relevant organizations and entities in 
        carrying out the Comprehensive Framework for Action.
            (3) Integration with national strategy for global 
        development.--The Coordinator shall take actions to ensure that 
        the comprehensive governmentwide strategy described in 
        paragraph (1) is integrated into any review or development of a 
        Federal strategy for global development that sets forth or 
        establishes the United States mission for global development, 
        guidelines for assistance programs, and how development policy 
        will be coordinated with policies governing trade, immigration, 
        and other relevant international issues.
    (f) Coordination With Federal Departments and Agencies.--
            (1) In general.--In performing its functions, the Office 
        shall work with all relevant Federal departments and agencies, 
        including the following:
                    (A) The Central Intelligence Agency.
                    (B) The Department of Agriculture.
                    (C) The Department of Commerce.
                    (D) The Department of Defense.
                    (E) The Department of Energy.
                    (F) The Department of Health and Human Services.
                    (G) The Department of Labor.
                    (H) The Department of State.
                    (I) The Department of Treasury.
                    (J) The Environmental Protection Agency.
                    (K) The Millennium Challenge Corporation.
                    (L) The Office of Management and Budget.
                    (M) The Office of the United States Trade 
                Representative.
                    (N) The Peace Corps.
                    (O) The United States Agency for International 
                Development.
                    (P) The United States Trade and Development Agency.
                    (Q) The Office of Global Women's Issues of the 
                Department of State.
            (2) Cooperation required.--To the extent permitted by law, 
        all Federal departments and agencies shall cooperate with the 
        Office and provide such information, support, and assistance to 
        the Office as the Coordinator may request.
            (3) High-level, governmentwide global hunger and food 
        security meeting.--
                    (A) Establishment.--The Coordinator shall 
                establish, schedule, and administer a high-level, 
                governmentwide global hunger and food security meeting 
                (hereinafter referred to in this paragraph as the 
                ``meeting'') once each week in accordance with this 
                paragraph.
                    (B) Attendees.--The Coordinator and the head of 
                each entity listed in paragraph (1), or the designees 
                of such individuals, shall attend each meeting. The 
                Coordinator may select additional individuals to attend 
                the meeting as the Coordinator determines appropriate.
                    (C) Chairman.--The meeting shall be chaired by the 
                Coordinator.
                    (D) Function.--The purpose of the meeting shall be 
                to ensure that attendees of the meeting coordinate and 
                take actions, consistent with applicable law, to 
                implement the comprehensive governmentwide plan to 
                address global hunger and food security described in 
                subsection (e).
                    (E) Other organizations.--The Coordinator shall 
                ensure that the meeting includes consultation with and 
                participation of non-Federal organizations with 
                experience and expertise in combating global hunger and 
                promoting food security.
    (g) Staff and Resources.--The Coordinator shall take actions, 
consistent with applicable law, to ensure that the Office has the staff 
and other resources necessary to carry out this section.
    (h) Report on Comprehensive Governmentwide Strategy.--Not later 
than two years after the date of the enactment of this Act and 
biennially thereafter, the Comptroller General of the United States 
shall submit to Congress a report evaluating the design, 
implementation, and Federal Government coordination of the 
comprehensive governmentwide strategy to address global hunger and food 
security required under subsection (e).
    (i) Rule of Construction.--Nothing in this section shall be 
construed to impair or otherwise affect the authority granted to a 
Federal department or agency, or the head thereof, by any other 
provision of law.
    (j) Authorization of Appropriations.--To carry out this section, 
there is authorized to be appropriated $10,000,000 for each of fiscal 
years 2010 through 2014 and such sums as may be necessary for 
subsequent fiscal years.

SEC. 5. ESTABLISHMENT OF PERMANENT JOINT SELECT COMMITTEE ON HUNGER.

    (a) Findings.--Congress finds the following:
            (1) Funding, programs, and jurisdiction for addressing 
        global hunger and food security are divided among many 
        congressional committees and, as a result, inadequate emphasis 
        is often given to addressing global hunger and food security in 
        a comprehensive way.
            (2) As the White House Office on Global Hunger and Food 
        Security, established under section 3, coordinates the 
        programs, activities, and policies of the numerous Federal 
        departments and agencies charged with carrying out hunger 
        alleviation and food security programs, the establishment of a 
        Permanent Joint Select Committee on Hunger will promote 
        coordination across the multiple committees with jurisdiction 
        and legislative authority over global hunger and food security 
        issues.
    (b) Establishment.--There is established a Permanent Joint Select 
Committee on Hunger (hereinafter referred to in this section as the 
``Committee'').
    (c) Composition.--The Committee shall be composed of 16 members in 
accordance with the following:
            (1) Eight Members of the House of Representatives appointed 
        by the Speaker of the House of Representatives, of whom 3 shall 
        be appointed in consultation with the minority leader of the 
        House of Representatives.
            (2) Eight Members of the Senate, of whom 5 shall be 
        appointed by the majority leader of the Senate and 3 shall be 
        appointed by the minority leader of the Senate.
    (d) Vacancies.--A vacancy in the membership of the Committee shall 
be filled in the same manner as the original appointment.
    (e) Chairmanship.--The Committee shall select a chairman from among 
its members at the beginning of each Congress. The chairmanship shall 
alternate between the House of Representatives and the Senate with each 
Congress and the chairman shall be selected by the Members from that 
House entitled to the chairmanship.
    (f) Duties.--The Committee shall--
            (1) hold hearings, conduct investigations, issue 
        independent reports and analyses, and make policy and program 
        recommendations to relevant congressional committees of 
        jurisdiction on issues related to global hunger, nutrition, 
        food security, rural and agricultural development, emergency 
        and humanitarian responses, safety nets and social protection, 
        and other global hunger or food security programs, including 
        the effectiveness of such programs in addressing global hunger 
        and food security; and
            (2) examine issues relevant to the development, 
        implementation, and monitoring of the comprehensive 
        governmentwide plan to address global hunger and food security 
        provided by the White House Office on Global Hunger and Food 
        Security through the holding of hearings, review of reports, 
        and other relevant activities.
    (g) Powers.--In carrying out its duties under this section, the 
Committee is authorized to--
            (1) hold hearings and sit and act at places and times 
        within the United States and outside the United States during 
        the sessions, recesses, and adjourned periods of Congress;
            (2) require the attendance of witnesses and the production 
        of books, papers, and documents, administer oaths, take 
        testimony, and procure printing and binding;
            (3) record hearings, prepare and provide transcripts of 
        hearings, use transcribers, recorders and stenographers, and 
        establish a Web site;
            (4) make rules respecting its organization and procedures; 
        and
            (5) exercise any other authority of a committee of the 
        House of Representatives and the Senate and utilize the 
        resources of the House of Representatives and the Senate, 
        except as provided otherwise in this section.
    (h) Staffing.--The Committee may appoint and fix the compensation 
of staff as it deems necessary.
    (i) Limitation on Authority.--The Committee may not exercise 
legislative jurisdiction and may not take legislative action on any 
bill or resolution.
    (j) Rulemaking.--The provisions of this section are enacted by 
Congress--
            (1) as an exercise of the rulemaking power of the House of 
        Representatives and the Senate, respectively, and as such they 
        shall be considered as part of the rules of each House, 
        respectively, or of that House to which they specifically 
        apply, and such rules shall supersede other rules only to the 
        extent that they are inconsistent therewith; and
            (2) with full recognition of the constitutional right of 
        either House to change such rules (so far as relating to such 
        House) at any time, in the same manner, and to the same extent 
        as in the case of any other rule of such House.
    (k) Funding.--
            (1) Vouchers.--Payments for expenses of the Committee shall 
        be made using vouchers authorized by the Committee, signed by 
        the chairman of the Committee, and approved in a manner 
        directed by the Committee on House Administration of the House 
        of Representatives and the Committee on Rules and 
        Administration of the Senate.
            (2) Source of funds.--
                    (A) House of representatives.--There shall be paid 
                out of the applicable accounts of the House of 
                Representatives $3,000,000 to carry out this section 
                during the 111th Congress.
                    (B) Senate.--There shall be paid out of the 
                contingent fund of the Senate $3,000,000 to carry out 
                this section during the 111th Congress.

SEC. 6. FUNDING AND DEFINITION.

    (a) Funding.--To carry out the comprehensive governmentwide 
strategy described in section 4(1), it is the sense of Congress that no 
less than $50,360,000,000 should be made available for fiscal years 
2010 through 2014 for Federal programs addressing global hunger and 
food security. During such five-year period, funding should increase 
investments in intermediate and long-term programs, including safety 
nets, nutrition and agricultural development, and maintain sufficient 
resources for emergency management and response. It is further the 
sense of Congress that funding for Federal programs addressing global 
hunger and food security should, to the maximum extent possible, use as 
guidance and not be less than those amounts described for fiscal years 
2010 through 2014 in the Roadmap to End Global Hunger.
    (b) Definition.--In this section, the term ``Roadmap to End Global 
Hunger'' means the report entitled ``Roadmap To End Global Hunger'', 
released on February 24, 2009, and endorsed by the following 
organizations:
            (1) ACDI/VOCA.
            (2) Action Against Hunger.
            (3) Africare.
            (4) Alliance for Global Food Security.
            (5) Alliance to End Hunger.
            (6) American Jewish World Service.
            (7) Better World Campaign.
            (8) Bread for the World.
            (9) Care.
            (10) Catholic Relief Services.
            (11) Christian Children's Fund.
            (12) Christian Reformed World Relief Committee.
            (13) Church World Service.
            (14) Concern Worldwide.
            (15) Congressional Hunger Center.
            (16) Counterpart International.
            (17) Covenant World Relief.
            (18) Episcopal Relief and Development.
            (19) Feed the Children.
            (20) Food for the Hungry.
            (21) Friends of the World Food Program.
            (22) Global Child Nutrition Foundation.
            (23) Heifer International.
            (24) The Humpty Dumpty Institute.
            (25) The International Center for Research on Women.
            (26) International Relief and Development.
            (27) Islamic Relief.
            (28) LIFE for Relief and Development.

SEC. 7. DEFINITION OF UNDERNOURISHMENT.

    In this Act, the term ``undernourishment'', as defined by the 
United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization, means the condition 
of people whose food consumption is continuously below a minimum 
dietary energy requirement for maintaining an acceptable minimum body 
size, living a healthy life, and carrying out light physical activity. 
In this Act, the terms ``chronic undernourishment'', ``food 
insecurity'', and ``hunger'' have the same meaning as 
``undernourishment''.
                                 <all>