[Congressional Bills 110th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[S. 494 Reported in Senate (RS)]
Calendar No. 74
110th CONGRESS
1st Session
S. 494
[Report No. 110-34]
To endorse further enlargement of the North Atlantic Treaty
Organization (NATO) and to facilitate the timely admission of new
members to NATO, and for other purposes.
_______________________________________________________________________
IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES
February 6, 2007
Mr. Lugar (for himself, Mr. Dodd, Mr. Voinovich, Mr. Sununu, Mr. Smith,
Mr. McCain, Mr. Hagel, and Mr. Biden) introduced the following bill;
which was read twice and referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations
March 9, 2007
Reported by Mr. Biden, without amendment
_______________________________________________________________________
A BILL
To endorse further enlargement of the North Atlantic Treaty
Organization (NATO) and to facilitate the timely admission of new
members to NATO, and for other purposes.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the
United States of America in Congress assembled,
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.
This Act may be cited as the ``NATO Freedom Consolidation Act of
2007''.
SEC. 2. FINDINGS.
Congress makes the following findings:
(1) The sustained commitment of the North Atlantic Treaty
Organization (NATO) to mutual defense has made possible the
democratic transformation of Central and Eastern Europe.
Members of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization can and
should play a critical role in addressing the security
challenges of the post-Cold War era in creating the stable
environment needed for those emerging democracies in Europe.
(2) Lasting stability and security in Europe requires the
military, economic, and political integration of emerging
democracies into existing European structures.
(3) In an era of threats from terrorism and the
proliferation of weapons of mass destruction, the North
Atlantic Treaty Organization is increasingly contributing to
security in the face of global security challenges for the
protection and interests of its member states.
(4) In the NATO Participation Act of 1994 (title II of
Public Law 103-447; 22 U.S.C. 1928 note), Congress declared
that ``full and active participants in the Partnership for
Peace in a position to further the principles of the North
Atlantic Treaty and to contribute to the security of the North
Atlantic area should be invited to become full NATO members in
accordance with Article 10 of such Treaty at an early date. .
.''.
(5) In the NATO Enlargement Facilitation Act of 1996 (title
VI of section 101(c) of title I of division A of Public Law
104-208; 22 U.S.C. 1928 note), Congress called for the prompt
admission of Poland, Hungary, the Czech Republic, and Slovenia
to the North Atlantic Treaty Organization, and declared that
``in order to promote economic stability and security in
Slovakia, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Romania, Bulgaria,
Albania, Moldova, and Ukraine . . . the process of enlarging
NATO to include emerging democracies in Central and Eastern
Europe should not be limited to consideration of admitting
Poland, Hungary, the Czech Republic, and Slovenia as full
members of the NATO Alliance''.
(6) In the European Security Act of 1998 (title XXVII of
division G of Public Law 105-277; 22 U.S.C. 1928 note),
Congress declared that ``Poland, Hungary, and the Czech
Republic should not be the last emerging democracies in Central
and Eastern Europe invited to join NATO'' and that ``Romania,
Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, and Bulgaria . . . would make an
outstanding contribution to furthering the goals of NATO and
enhancing stability, freedom, and peace in Europe should they
become NATO members [and] upon complete satisfaction of all
relevant criteria should be invited to become full NATO members
at the earliest possible date''.
(7) In the Gerald B. H. Solomon Freedom Consolidation Act
of 2002 (Public Law 107-187; 22 U.S.C. 1928 note), Congress
endorsed ``. . . the vision of further enlargement of the NATO
Alliance articulated by President George W. Bush on June 15,
2001, and by former President William J. Clinton on October 22,
1996''.
(8) At the Madrid Summit of the North Atlantic Treaty
Organization in July 1997, Poland, Hungary, and the Czech
Republic were invited to join the Alliance, and the North
Atlantic Treaty Organization heads of state and government
issued a declaration stating ``[t]he alliance expects to extend
further invitations in coming years to nations willing and able
to assume the responsibilities and obligations of membership .
. . [n]o European democratic country whose admission would
fulfill the objectives of the [North Atlantic] Treaty will be
excluded from consideration''.
(9) At the Washington Summit of the North Atlantic Treaty
Organization in April 1999, the North Atlantic Treaty
Organization heads of state and government issued a communique
declaring ``[w]e pledge that NATO will continue to welcome new
members in a position to further the principles of the [North
Atlantic] Treaty and contribute to peace and security in the
Euro-Atlantic area . . . [t]he three new members will not be
the last . . . [n]o European democratic country whose admission
would fulfill the objectives of the Treaty will be excluded
from consideration, regardless of its geographic location . .
.''.
(10) In May 2000 in Vilnius, Lithuania, the foreign
ministers of Albania, Bulgaria, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, the
Republic of Macedonia, Romania, Slovakia, and Slovenia issued a
statement (later joined by Croatia) declaring that--
(A) their countries will cooperate in jointly
seeking membership in the North Atlantic Treaty
Organization in the next round of enlargement of the
North Atlantic Treaty Organization;
(B) the realization of membership in the North
Atlantic Treaty Organization by one or more of these
countries would be a success for all; and
(C) eventual membership in the North Atlantic
Treaty Organization for all of these countries would be
a success for Europe and for the North Atlantic Treaty
Organization.
(11) On June 15, 2001, in a speech in Warsaw, Poland,
President George W. Bush stated ``[a]ll of Europe's new
democracies, from the Baltic to the Black Sea and all that lie
between, should have the same chance for security and freedom--
and the same chance to join the institutions of Europe--as
Europe's old democracies have . . . I believe in NATO
membership for all of Europe's democracies that seek it and are
ready to share the responsibilities that NATO brings . . . [a]s
we plan to enlarge NATO, no nation should be used as a pawn in
the agenda of others . . . [w]e will not trade away the fate of
free European peoples . . . [n]o more Munichs . . . [n]o more
Yaltas . . . [a]s we plan the Prague Summit, we should not
calculate how little we can get away with, but how much we can
do to advance the cause of freedom''.
(12) On October 22, 1996, in a speech in Detroit, Michigan,
former President William J. Clinton stated ``NATO's doors will
not close behind its first new members . . . NATO should remain
open to all of Europe's emerging democracies who are ready to
shoulder the responsibilities of membership . . . [n]o nation
will be automatically excluded . . . [n]o country outside NATO
will have a veto . . . [a] gray zone of insecurity must not
reemerge in Europe''.
(13) At the Prague Summit of the North Atlantic Treaty
Organization in November 2002, Bulgaria, Estonia, Latvia,
Lithuania, Romania, Slovakia, and Slovenia were invited to join
the Alliance in the second round of enlargement of the North
Atlantic Treaty Organization since the end of the Cold War, and
the North Atlantic Treaty Organization heads of state and
government issued a declaration stating ``NATO's door will
remain open to European democracies willing and able to assume
the responsibilities and obligations of membership, in
accordance with Article 10 of the Washington Treaty''.
(14) On May 8, 2003, the United States Senate unanimously
approved the Resolution of Ratification to Accompany Treaty
Document No. 108-4, Protocols to the North Atlantic Treaty of
1949 on Accession of Bulgaria, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania,
Romania, Slovakia, and Slovenia, inviting Bulgaria, Estonia,
Latvia, Lithuania, Romania, Slovakia, and Slovenia to join the
North Atlantic Treaty Organization.
(15) At the Istanbul Summit of the North Atlantic Treaty
Organization in June 2004, the North Atlantic Treaty
Organization heads of state and government issued a communique
reaffirming that NATO's door remains open to new members,
declaring ``[w]e celebrate the success of NATO's Open Door
Policy, and reaffirm tody that our seven new members will not
be the last. The door to membership remains open. We welcome
the progress made by Albania, Croatia, and the former Yugoslav
Republic of Macedonia (1) in implementing their Annual National
Programmes under the Membership Action Plan, and encourage them
to continue pursuing the reforms necessary to progress toward
NATO membership. We also commend their contribution to regional
stability and cooperation. We want all three countries to
succeed and will continue to assist them in their reform
efforts. NATO will continue to assess each country's candidacy
individually, based on the progress made towards reform goals
pursued through the Membership Action Plan, which will remain
the vehicle to keep the readiness of each aspirant for
membership under review. We direct that NATO Foreign Ministers
keep the enlargement process, including the implementation of
the Membership Action Plan, under continual review and report
to us. We will review at the next Summit progress by aspirants
towards membership based on that report''.
(16) Georgia and Ukraine have stated their desire to join
the Euro-Atlantic community, and in particular, are seeking to
join the North Atlantic Treaty Organization. Georgia and
Ukraine are working closely with the North Atlantic Treaty
Organization and its members to meet criteria for eventual
membership in NATO.
(17) At a press conference with President Mikhail
Saakashvili of Georgia in Washington, D.C. on July 5, 2006,
President George W. Bush stated that ``. . . I believe that
NATO would benefit with Georgia being a member of NATO, and I
think Georgia would benefit. And there's a way forward through
the Membership Action Plan ... And I'm a believer in the
expansion of NATO. I think it's in the world's interest that we
expand NATO''.
(18) Following a meeting of NATO Foreign Ministers in New
York on September 21, 2006, NATO Secretary General Jaap de Hoop
Scheffer announced the launching of an Intensified Dialogue on
membership between the Alliance and Georgia.
(19) At the NATO-Ukraine Commission Summit in Brussels in
February 2005, President of Ukraine Victor Yushchenko declared
membership in NATO as the ultimate goal of Ukraine's
cooperation with the Alliance and expressed Ukraine's desire to
conclude a Membership Action Plan.
(20) At the NATO-Ukraine Commission Foreign Ministerial
meeting in Vilnius in April 2005, NATO and Ukraine launched an
Intensified Dialogue on the potential membership of Ukraine in
NATO.
(21) At the Riga Summit of the North Atlantic Treaty
Organization in November 2006, the Heads of State and
Government of the member countries of NATO issued a declaration
reaffirming that NATO's door remains open to new members,
declaring that ``all European democratic countries may be
considered for MAP (Membership Action Plan) or admission,
subject to decision by the NAC (North Atlantic Council) at each
stage, based on the performance of these countries towards
meeting the objectives of the North Atlantic Treaty. We direct
that NATO Foreign Ministers keep that process under continual
review and report to us. We welcome the efforts of Albania,
Croatia, and the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia to
prepare themselves for the responsibilities and obligations of
membership. We reaffirm that the Alliance will continue with
Georgia and Ukraine its Intensified Dialogues which cover the
full range of political, military, financial and security
issues relating to those countries' aspirations to membership,
without prejudice to any eventual Alliance decision. We
reaffirm the importance of the NATO-Ukraine Distinctive
Partnership, which has its 10th anniversary next year and
welcome the progress that has been made in the framework of our
Intensified Dialogue. We appreciate Ukraine's substantial
contributions to our common security, including through
participation in NATO-led operations and efforts to promote
regional cooperation. We encourage Ukraine to continue to
contribute to regional security. We are determined to continue
to assist, through practical cooperation, in the implementation
of far-reaching reform efforts, notably in the fields of
national security, defence, reform of the defence-industrial
sector and fighting corruption. We welcome the commencement of
an Intensified Dialogue with Georgia as well as Georgia's
contribution to international peacekeeping and security
operations. We will continue to engage actively with Georgia in
support of its reform process. We encourage Georgia to continue
progress on political, economic and military reforms, including
strengthening judicial reform, as well as the peaceful
resolution of outstanding conflicts on its territory. We
reaffirm that it is of great importance that all parties in the
region should engage constructively to promote regional peace
and stability.''.
(22) Contingent upon their continued implementation of
democratic, defense, and economic reform, and their willingness
and ability to meet the responsibilities of membership in the
North Atlantic Treaty Organization and a clear expression of
national intent to do so, Congress calls for the timely
admission of Albania, Croatia, Georgia, Macedonia, and Ukraine
to the North Atlantic Treaty Organization to promote security
and stability in Europe.
SEC. 3. DECLARATIONS OF POLICY.
Congress--
(1) reaffirms its previous expressions of support for
continued enlargement of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization
contained in the NATO Participation Act of 1994, the NATO
Enlargement Facilitation Act of 1996, the European Security Act
of 1998, and the Gerald B. H. Solomon Freedom Consolidation Act
of 2002;
(2) supports the commitment to further enlargement of the
North Atlantic Treaty Organization to include European
democracies that are able and willing to meet the
responsibilities of Membership, as expressed by the Alliance in
its Madrid Summit Declaration of 1997, its Washington Summit
Communique of 1999, its Prague Summit Declaration of 2002, its
Istanbul Summit Communique of 2004, and its Riga Summit
Declaration of 2006; and
(3) endorses the vision of further enlargement of the North
Atlantic Treaty Organization articulated by President George W.
Bush on June 15, 2001, and by former President William J.
Clinton on October 22, 1996, and urges our allies in the North
Atlantic Treaty Organization to work with the United States to
realize a role for the North Atlantic Treaty Organization in
promoting global security, including continued support for
enlargement to include qualified candidate states, specifically
by entering into a Membership Action Plan with Georgia and
recognizing the progress toward meeting the responsibilities
and obligations of NATO membership by Albania, Croatia,
Georgia, Macedonia, and Ukraine.
SEC. 4. DESIGNATION OF ALBANIA, CROATIA, GEORGIA, MACEDONIA, AND
UKRAINE AS ELIGIBLE TO RECEIVE ASSISTANCE UNDER THE NATO
PARTICIPATION ACT OF 1994.
(a) Designation.--
(1) Albania.--The Republic of Albania is designated as
eligible to receive assistance under the program established
under section 203(a) of the NATO Participation Act of 1994
(title II of Public Law 103-447; 22 U.S.C. 1928 note), and
shall be deemed to have been so designated pursuant to section
203(d)(1) of such Act.
(2) Croatia.--The Republic of Croatia is designated as
eligible to receive assistance under the program established
under section 203(a) of the NATO Participation Act of 1994, and
shall be deemed to have been so designated pursuant to section
203(d)(1) of such Act.
(3) Georgia.--Georgia is designated as eligible to receive
assistance under the program established under section 203(a)
of the NATO Participation Act of 1994, and shall be deemed to
have been so designated pursuant to section 203(d)(1) of such
Act.
(4) Macedonia.--The Republic of Macedonia is designated as
eligible to receive assistance under the program established
under section 203(a) of the NATO Participation Act of 1994, and
shall be deemed to have been so designated pursuant to section
203(d)(1) of such Act.
(5) Ukraine.--Ukraine is designated as eligible to receive
assistance under the program established under section 203(a)
of the NATO Participation Act of 1994, and shall be deemed to
have been so designated pursuant to section 203(d)(1) of such
Act.
(b) Rule of Construction.--The designation of the Republic of
Albania, the Republic of Croatia, Georgia, the Republic of Macedonia,
and Ukraine pursuant to subsection (a) as eligible to receive
assistance under the program established under section 203(a) of the
NATO Participation Act of 1994--
(1) is in addition to the designation of Poland, Hungary,
the Czech Republic, and Slovenia pursuant to section 606 of the
NATO Enlargement Facilitation Act of 1996 (title VI of section
101(c) of title I of division A of Public Law 104-208; 22
U.S.C. 1928 note), the designation of Romania, Estonia, Latvia,
Lithuania, and Bulgaria pursuant to section 2703(b) of the
European Security Act of 1998 (title XXVII of division G of
Public Law 105-277; 22 U.S.C. 1928 note), and the designation
of Slovakia pursuant to section 4(a) of the Gerald B. H.
Solomon Freedom Consolidation Act of 2002 (Public Law 107-187;
22 U.S.C. 1928 note) as eligible to receive assistance under
the program established under section 203(a) of the NATO
Participation Act of 1994; and
(2) shall not preclude the designation by the President of
other countries pursuant to section 203(d)(2) of the NATO
Participation Act of 1994 as eligible to receive assistance
under the program established under section 203(a) of such Act.
SEC. 5. AUTHORIZATION OF SECURITY ASSISTANCE FOR COUNTRIES DESIGNATED
UNDER THE NATO PARTICIPATION ACT OF 1994.
Of the amounts made available for fiscal year 2008 under section 23
of the Arms Export Control Act (22 U.S.C. 2763) such sums as may be
necessary are authorized to be appropriated for assistance to the
Republic of Albania, the Republic of Croatia, Georgia, the Republic of
Macedonia, and Ukraine.
Calendar No. 74
110th CONGRESS
1st Session
S. 494
[Report No. 110-34]
_______________________________________________________________________
A BILL
To endorse further enlargement of the North Atlantic Treaty
Organization (NATO) and to facilitate the timely admission of new
members to NATO, and for other purposes.
_______________________________________________________________________
March 9, 2007
Reported without amendment