1.Short
title; table of contents
(a)This Act may be cited
as the Security Assistance Act of
2008
.
(b)The table of contents for this Act is as follows:
Sec. 1. Short title; table of
contents.
TITLE I—Military and Related Assistance
Subtitle A—Funding Authorizations
Sec. 101. Foreign military financing program.
Sec. 102. International military education and
training.
Subtitle B—Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 Amendments and
Related Provisions
Sec. 111. Waiver of net proceeds resulting from disposal of
United States defense articles provided to a foreign country on a grant
basis.
Sec. 112. Additions to war reserve stockpiles for allies for
fiscal years 2009 and 2010.
Sec. 113. Assistance for law enforcement forces.
Sec. 114. Database of United States military
assistance.
Sec. 115. Annual report on foreign military
training.
Sec. 116. Demining programs.
Sec. 117. Special waiver authority.
Sec. 118. Military coups.
Sec. 119. Focus on international military education and
training.
Subtitle C—Arms Export Control Act Amendments and Related
Provisions
Sec. 121. Thresholds for advance notice to Congress of sales or
upgrades of defense articles, design and construction services, and major
defense equipment.
Sec. 122. Clarification of requirement for advance notice to
Congress of comprehensive export authorizations.
Sec. 123. Transfers of small arms and light
weapons.
Sec. 124. Plan regarding cluster munitions sold to foreign
countries.
Sec. 125. Authority to provide cataloging data and services to
non-NATO countries.
Sec. 126. Haitian Coast Guard.
Sec. 127. Security cooperation with the Republic of
Korea.
TITLE II—Authority to Transfer Naval Vessels
Sec. 201. Short title.
Sec. 202. Transfer of naval vessels to certain foreign
recipients.
TITLE III—Nonproliferation, antiterrorism, and Export Control
Assistance
Subtitle A—Funding Authorizations
Sec. 301. Nonproliferation, anti-terrorism, demining, and
related programs.
Sec. 302. Contributions to international organizations
supporting key nonproliferation goals.
Subtitle B—Program Authorizations, Restrictions, and
Limitations
Sec. 311. Amendments to the Atomic Energy Act of
1954.
Subtitle C—Reporting Requirements
Sec. 321. Amendments to the Arms Control and Disarmament
Act.
Sec. 322. Adequate funding for IAEA safeguards.
Sec. 323. Amended annual report on nuclear
nonproliferation.
Sec. 324. Amended additional reports on
nonproliferation.
Sec. 325. Consolidation of reports on non-proliferation in
South Asia.
Sec. 326. Repeal of annual report on Russian debt reduction for
nonproliferation.
Sec. 327. Annual assessments of nonproliferation and
disarmament fund projects.
Sec. 328. Reports on 2010 Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty
Review Conference.
TITLE IV—Nuclear Safeguards and Supply
Sec. 401. Short title.
Sec. 402. Appropriate congressional committees
defined.
Subtitle A—Nuclear safeguards and nuclear fuel
supply
Sec. 411. Findings.
Sec. 412. Declaration of policy.
Sec. 413. Safeguards Analytical Laboratory.
Sec. 414. Safeguards technology development
program.
Sec. 415. Safeguards Cadre Program.
Subtitle B—Nuclear fuel supply
Sec. 421. Authority for bilateral and multilateral nuclear fuel
supply mechanisms.
Sec. 422. Report on the establishment of an international fuel
authority.
Sec. 423. Sense of the Senate on IAEA fuel supply.
TITLE V—Global Pathogen Surveillance
Sec. 501. Short title.
Sec. 502. Findings; purpose.
Sec. 503. Definitions.
Sec. 504. Eligibility for assistance.
Sec. 505. Restriction.
Sec. 506. Fellowship program.
Sec. 507. In-country training in laboratory techniques and
disease and syndrome surveillance.
Sec. 508. Assistance for the purchase and maintenance of public
health laboratory equipment and supplies.
Sec. 509. Assistance for improved communication of public
health information.
Sec. 510. Assignment of public health personnel to United
States missions and international organizations.
Sec. 511. Expansion of certain United States Government
laboratories abroad.
Sec. 512. Assistance for international health networks and
expansion of Field Epidemiology Training Programs.
Sec. 513. Reports.
Sec. 514. Authorization of appropriations.
TITLE VI—International Space Station Payments
Sec. 601. Short title.
Sec. 602. Authority to make certain extraordinary payments in
connection with the International Space Station.
<enum>I</enum><header>Military and
Related Assistance</header>
<subtitle id="id72A70D859C334128BA62EFF4B24A8C0F"><enum>A</enum><header>Funding
Authorizations</header>
<section id="ID148D5C1FD37E4955BA0F0D42822CBCD1"><enum>101.</enum><header>Foreign
military financing program</header>
<subsection id="IDA6E9A4358FC14AA29198A29EF3D6045E"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Authorization
of appropriations</header><text>There are authorized to be appropriated to the
President for grant assistance under section 23 of the
<act-name parsable-cite="AECA">Arms Export Control Act</act-name> (22 U.S.C.
2763), $4,982,000,000 for fiscal year 2009 and such sums as may be necessary
for fiscal year 2010.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="ID3CCC39A101E84D5F838C247ECFA3F08B"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Assistance for
israel</header><text>Section 513(c) of the Security Assistance Act of 2000
(Public Law 106–280; 114 Stat. 856), as amended by section 1221(a) of the
Security Assistance Act of 2002 (division B of Public Law 107–228; 116 Stat.
1430), is further amended—</text>
<paragraph id="ID0227C9942ADB4F95ADF77F139E4003FF"><enum>(1)</enum><text>in paragraph (1),
by striking <quote>2002 and 2003</quote> and inserting <quote>2009 and
2010</quote>;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="ID2C3C2071D95F4FFBAA417DEB2DE13046"><enum>(2)</enum><text>in paragraph (3),
by striking <quote>Funds authorized</quote> and all that follows through
<quote>later.</quote> and inserting <quote>Funds authorized to be available for
Israel under subsection (b)(1) and paragraph (1) for fiscal year 2009 shall be
disbursed not later than 30 days after the date of the enactment of an Act
making appropriations for foreign operations, export financing, and related
programs for fiscal year 2009, or October 31, 2008, whichever is later</quote>;
and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="IDC423C9212C354E8FB26DCDDFE770FEB2"><enum>(3)</enum><text>in paragraph
(4)—</text>
<subparagraph id="ID774BEE296E574B7AA54CF610F5CC01ED"><enum>(A)</enum><text>by striking
<quote>2002 and 2003</quote> and inserting <quote>2009 and 2010</quote>;
and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="ID10581AA76DB446FE9EEFEB95FF91473E"><enum>(B)</enum><text>by striking
<quote>$535,000,000 for fiscal year 2002 and not less than $550,000,000 for
fiscal year 2003</quote> and inserting <quote>$2,550,000,000 for fiscal year
2009 and not less than $2,550,000,000 for fiscal year 2010</quote>.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="ID0A2BE3ABE48149F18FEA760FE4310C3E"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Assistance for
egypt</header><text>Section 514 of the Security Assistance Act of 2000 (Public
Law 106–280; 114 Stat. 857), as amended by section 1221(b) of the Security
Assistance Act of 2002 (116 Stat. 1430), is further amended—</text>
<paragraph id="ID4F5273C890BC4A749FD4291F0EB7AC5A"><enum>(1)</enum><text>in subsection (c)
by striking <quote>2002 and 2003</quote> and inserting <quote>2009 and
2010</quote>; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="ID44BE069CF3EB4EF98064BAA483F06F47"><enum>(2)</enum><text>in subsection
(e), by striking <quote>Funds estimated</quote> and all that follows through
<quote>of the respective fiscal year, whichever is later</quote> and inserting
<quote>Funds estimated to be outlayed for Egypt under subsection (c) during
fiscal year 2009 shall be disbursed to an interest-bearing account for Egypt in
the Federal Reserve Bank of New York not later than 30 days after the date of
the enactment of an Act making appropriations for foreign operations, export
financing, and related programs for fiscal year 2009, or by October 31, 2008,
whichever is later</quote>.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section id="ID3C8E4AAAD124418DAC299D9E30693061"><enum>102.</enum><header>International
military education and training</header>
<subsection id="IDE66199F071FB48F58662997C436C1B8D"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Authorization
of appropriations</header><text>Section 542 of the
<act-name parsable-cite="FAA61">Foreign Assistance Act of 1961</act-name> (22
U.S.C. 2347a) is amended by striking <quote>There are authorized</quote> and
all that follows through <quote>fiscal year 1987</quote> and inserting
<quote>There are authorized to be appropriated to the President to carry out
the purposes of this chapter $91,500,000 for fiscal year 2009 and such sums as
may be necessary for fiscal year 2010</quote>.</text>
</subsection><subsection commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="ID85E0E11071674162A51126E29728607C"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Authority to
provide to international organizations</header><text>Section 541 of such Act
(22 U.S.C. 2347) is amended in the first sentence by inserting <quote>and
comparable personnel of international organizations</quote> after
<quote>foreign countries</quote>.</text>
</subsection></section></subtitle><subtitle id="id59F884360F8C490F80A709D3DAF9DF30"><enum>B</enum><header>Foreign
Assistance Act of 1961 Amendments and Related Provisions</header>
<section id="IDE92E06725F264DDC9926305E6292D209"><enum>111.</enum><header>Waiver of net
proceeds resulting from disposal of United States defense articles provided to
a foreign country on a grant basis</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">Section 505(f) of the
<act-name parsable-cite="FAA61">Foreign Assistance Act of 1961</act-name> (22
U.S.C. 2314(f)) is amended by striking <quote>In the case of items which were
delivered prior to 1985, the</quote> in the second sentence and inserting
<quote>The</quote>.</text>
</section><section commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="IDC2B26EF697F349B0948562ADE56FF037" section-type="subsequent-section"><enum>112.</enum><header>Additions to war
reserve stockpiles for allies for fiscal years 2009 and 2010</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">Section 514(b)(2)(A) of the
<act-name parsable-cite="FAA61">Foreign Assistance Act of 1961</act-name> (22
U.S.C. 2321h(b)(2)(A)) is amended by striking <quote>for each of fiscal years
2007 and 2008</quote> and inserting <quote>for each of fiscal years 2009 and
2010</quote>.</text>
</section><section id="IDE43464F8E0004E2183FB33E5AA435EE7"><enum>113.</enum><header>Assistance for
law enforcement forces</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">Section
660 of the <act-name parsable-cite="FAA61">Foreign Assistance Act of
1961</act-name> (22 U.S.C. 2420) is amended—</text>
<paragraph id="ID7AC6E2819ED447B7A0D2036005190614"><enum>(1)</enum><text>in subsection
(b)—</text>
<subparagraph id="ID1B8446AD9C7841C8B751D4407F207543"><enum>(A)</enum><text>in paragraph (4),
by striking <quote>or</quote>;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="ID3A68DBA0E6C048EA910EBD16EE487DB9"><enum>(B)</enum><text>in paragraph (6),
by striking <quote>and the provision of professional</quote> and all that
follows through <quote>democracy</quote> and inserting <quote>including any
regional, district, municipal, or other subnational entity emerging from
instability</quote>;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="IDC5A7D3B7B11C43AB8936497CEDAE6B60"><enum>(C)</enum><text>by striking the
period at the end of paragraph (7) and inserting a semicolon; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="ID9DE87567D8BC4318A0385C66EC58F274"><enum>(D)</enum><text>by adding at the
end the following new paragraphs:</text>
<quoted-block display-inline="no-display-inline" id="ID90EE607BDA8F42DAA33E168E19A7F758" style="OLC">
<paragraph id="ID64F3DD0592014FC683AEA8DA2500ABFE"><enum>(8)</enum><text>with respect to
assistance to combat corruption in furtherance of the objectives for which
programs are authorized to be established under section 133 of this Act;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="ID5F253140704A45AA87F4425CFCAD5E45"><enum>(9)</enum><text>with respect to
the provision of professional public safety training, including training in
internationally recognized standards of human rights, the rule of law, and the
promotion of civilian police roles that support democracy;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="IDF420C89E6B234D02AF455220696B9588"><enum>(10)</enum><text>with respect to
assistance to combat trafficking in persons; or</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="IDE0ED389FDDEA4399B6B0DD0E3AD6C6C7"><enum>(11)</enum><text>with respect to
assistance for constabularies or comparable law enforcement authorities in
support of developing capabilities for and deployment to peace
operations.</text>
</paragraph><after-quoted-block>;
and</after-quoted-block></quoted-block>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="IDDF09F3E5ABD4482696F0DFCF0D1D8BD6"><enum>(2)</enum><text>by striking
subsection (d) and inserting the following new subsection:</text>
<quoted-block display-inline="no-display-inline" id="IDD1886831B1E74807BAC0D9E73696D772" style="OLC">
<subsection id="ID3FD99EC735504EEB86A8D50150764ADC"><enum>(d)</enum><text>Subsection (a)
shall not apply to assistance for law enforcement forces for which the
President, on a case-by-case basis, determines that it is important to the
national interest of the United States to furnish such assistance and submits
to the committees of the Congress referred to in subsection (a) of section 634A
of this Act an advance notification of the obligation of funds for such
assistance in accordance with such
section.</text>
</subsection><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block>
</paragraph></section><section id="ID76FDA554D17F4046BB1B748CF31B3E7C"><enum>114.</enum><header>Database of
United States military assistance</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">Section 655 of the
<act-name parsable-cite="FAA61">Foreign Assistance Act of 1961</act-name> (22
U.S.C. 2415) is amended by striking subsection (c) and inserting the following
new subsection:</text>
<quoted-block display-inline="no-display-inline" id="ID49FEB2DDC3D34AC8B6F072EC187E431B" style="OLC">
<subsection id="ID5E55CECB842C4C6C9C43136CCDA2280F"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Availability of
report information on the internet</header>
<paragraph id="ID7AA1FD2FFFFA4A7C88C626509F39DBF0"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Requirement for
database</header><text>The President shall make available to the public the
unclassified portion of each such report in the form of a database that is
available via the Internet and that may be searched by various criteria.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="ID7403B8AC9FD54BEAB098E45BBB48C062"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Schedule for
updating</header><text>Not later than April 1 of each year, the President shall
make available in the database the information contained in the annual report
for the fiscal year ending the previous September
30.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block>
</section><section id="ID1FDA71302FD3477F8FE6A8CC8426EC48"><enum>115.</enum><header>Annual report
on foreign military training</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">Subsection (a)(1) of section 656 of the
<act-name parsable-cite="FAA61">Foreign Assistance Act of 1961</act-name> (22
U.S.C. 2416) is amended—</text>
<paragraph id="IDC056F180D94041BE829A804AC2939FE9"><enum>(1)</enum><text>by striking
<quote>January 31</quote> and inserting <quote>March 1</quote>; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="ID24129BA3DADD47E0838AB5B797E3A63A"><enum>(2)</enum><text>by striking
<quote>and all such training proposed for the current year</quote>.</text>
</paragraph></section><section id="IDC47175C6B7764C4DB7A344DE89E38FF7"><enum>116.</enum><header>Demining
programs</header>
<subsection id="ID6D1B07778CF24DAAA0FFD2CB251D6D59"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Clarification
of authority</header><text>Section 551 of the <act-name parsable-cite="FAA61">Foreign Assistance Act of 1961</act-name> (22 U.S.C.
2348) is amended—</text>
<paragraph id="IDE78A09CF65B54796A9899D36EA67FC69"><enum>(1)</enum><text>in the second
sentence, by striking <quote>Such assistance may include reimbursement</quote>
and inserting</text>
<quoted-block display-inline="yes-display-inline" id="ID654B7C9BC3274641A9A450A008AE6E9B" style="OLC">
<text>Such assistance may include the
following:</text><paragraph id="ID011A235B0EFB41F18DA240110097B338"><enum>(1)</enum><text>Reimbursements</text>
</paragraph><after-quoted-block>;
and</after-quoted-block></quoted-block>
</paragraph><paragraph id="ID968DEAA155644267B877E33D1A9043FC"><enum>(2)</enum><text>by adding at the
end the following:</text>
<quoted-block display-inline="no-display-inline" id="ID0583C091B2304CDE8FBC5C656BE5B88F" style="OLC">
<paragraph id="IDABFFAD33E0D54E6E96A49B2B78EE1488"><enum>(2)</enum><text>Demining
activities, clearance of unexploded ordnance, destruction of small arms, light
weapons, and other conventional weapons, and related activities,
notwithstanding any other provision of
law.</text>
</paragraph><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="IDEE8CB278CFB54C4F9E4773DF470347CF"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Disposal of
demining equipment</header><text>Notwithstanding any other provision of law,
demining equipment available to the United States Agency for International
Development and the Department of State and used in support of the clearance of
landmines and unexploded ordnance for humanitarian purposes, may be disposed of
on a grant basis in foreign countries, subject to such terms and conditions as
the President determines appropriate.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="ID4FFDD9FAC6F543F39F0670C65996B742"><enum>117.</enum><header>Special waiver
authority</header>
<subsection id="IDA199462076B849D0A2F306714E5C0D6F"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Revision of
authority</header><text>Section 614 of the <act-name parsable-cite="FAA61">Foreign Assistance Act of 1961</act-name> (22 U.S.C.
2364) is amended in subsection (a)—</text>
<paragraph id="IDA1423206E94E486E86C542935A5AA846"><enum>(1)</enum><text>by striking
paragraphs (1) and (2) and inserting the following new paragraph:</text>
<quoted-block display-inline="no-display-inline" id="ID316CC7E3B551436D8DAA5E7B4BD5522F" style="OLC">
<paragraph id="ID38715012AF654561BBDF43795240BD00" indent="up1"><enum>(1)</enum><text>The President may authorize any
assistance, sale, or other action under this Act, the
<act-name parsable-cite="AECA">Arms Export Control Act</act-name> (22 U.S.C.
2751 et seq.), or any other law that authorizes the furnishing of foreign
assistance or the appropriation of funds for foreign assistance, without regard
to any of the provisions described in subsection (b) if the President
determines, and notifies the Committees on Foreign Relations and Appropriations
of the Senate and the Committees on Foreign Affairs and Appropriations of the
House of Representatives in writing—</text>
<subparagraph id="ID2C063B19D8B3489DA61E83E5EFAD9E20"><enum>(A)</enum><text>with respect to assistance or other
actions under chapter 2 or 5 of part II of this Act, or sales or other actions
under the <act-name parsable-cite="AECA">Arms Export Control Act</act-name>,
that to do so is vital to the national security interests of the United States;
and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="ID11E19D2E91124E94B35A52972487D186"><enum>(B)</enum><text>with respect to other assistance or
actions, that to do so is important to the security interests of the United
States.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><after-quoted-block>;
and</after-quoted-block></quoted-block>
</paragraph><paragraph id="IDB97F3793AB0046EDAA8170105DAA216E"><enum>(2)</enum><text>by redesignating
paragraphs (3), (4), and (5) as paragraphs (2), (3), and (4),
respectively.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="ID0968E9FC6D554B6EAAC45E2DAC26B200"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Increased
limitation on single country allocation</header><text>Subsection (a)(3)(C) of
such section, as redesignated, is amended by striking
<quote>$50,000,000</quote> and inserting <quote>$75,000,000</quote>.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="ID2771774CA2A64A9FA358569E408623D8"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Repeal of
provisions relating to germany and a certification
requirement</header><text>Section 614 of such Act is further amended by
striking subsections (b) and (c).</text>
</subsection><subsection id="ID0A8F9851D5DB4312BFB934616F44D118"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Inapplicable or
waivable laws</header><text>Such section, as amended by subsection (c), is
further amended by adding at the end the following:</text>
<quoted-block display-inline="no-display-inline" id="ID9F7755DA45C844B79241DCC28E6FF070" style="OLC">
<subsection id="ID59DBAFA8E20445DCAAC4FC258E598FFC"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Inapplicable or
waivable laws</header><text>The provisions referred to in subsection (a) are
those set forth in any of the following:</text>
<paragraph id="IDC96C5C37BEE04ED5891C5D985CB0C3CD"><enum>(1)</enum><text>Any provision of
this Act.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="ID4DBE3DEBFEDD4060BDF737E70730EABF"><enum>(2)</enum><text>Any provision of
the <act-name parsable-cite="AECA">Arms Export Control Act</act-name> (22
U.S.C. 2751 et seq.).</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="ID48609138BEFE4CBAB8FB263B02131B17"><enum>(3)</enum><text>Any provision of
law that authorizes the furnishing of foreign assistance or appropriates funds
for foreign assistance.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="IDEAE2D5A7BE8F4BF281C1E90F6E10E909"><enum>(4)</enum><text>Any other
provision of law that restricts assistance, sales or leases, or other action
under a provision of law referred to in paragraph (1), (2), or (3).</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="ID3130DF8BFE59466496E254B8ADB1E2A9"><enum>(5)</enum><text>Any provision of
law that relates to receipts and credits accruing to the United
States.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block>
</subsection></section><section id="IDD5251DFD9D4446BBBF3FD42328C6B410"><enum>118.</enum><header>Military
coups</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">Section 620 of the
<act-name parsable-cite="FAA61">Foreign Assistance Act of 1961</act-name> (22
U.S.C. 2370) is amended by inserting after subsection (l) the following new
subsection (m):</text>
<quoted-block display-inline="no-display-inline" id="IDAD1001264882479199B7CACE1ACCCC5E" style="OLC">
<subsection id="ID96616304070D489A9C6058D89FAB850D"><enum>(m)</enum><paragraph commented="no" display-inline="yes-display-inline" id="ID4489C329FF0C4836AD39995727B883F9"><enum>(1)</enum><text>No assistance may be
furnished under this Act or the <act-name parsable-cite="AECA">Arms Export
Control Act</act-name> (22 U.S.C. 2751 et seq.) for the government of a country
if the duly elected head of government for such country is deposed by decree or
military coup. The prohibition in the preceding sentence shall cease to apply
to a country if the President determines and certifies to the Committee on
Foreign Relations of the Senate and the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the
House of Representatives that after the termination of assistance a
democratically elected government for such country has taken office.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="IDDADD1703D9864E43B21DDA21C8126951" indent="up1"><enum>(2)</enum><text>Paragraph (1) does not apply to
assistance to promote democratic elections or public participation in
democratic processes.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="ID3BD4D083C0DB4608AD2C805AECBFB9A2" indent="up1"><enum>(3)</enum><text>The President may waive the
application of paragraph (1), and any comparable provision of law, to a country
upon determining that it is important to the national security interest of the
United States to do
so.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block>
</section><section id="ID4930AA7C1F474833AED7CA5DD6338161"><enum>119.</enum><header>Focus on
international military education and training</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">Section 541 of the
<act-name parsable-cite="FAA61">Foreign Assistance Act of 1961</act-name> (22
U.S.C. 2347) is amended—</text>
<paragraph id="IDB1F84FB1763A4B76AD219A2BEE9915EE"><enum>(1)</enum><text>by striking
<quote>or (iv)</quote> and inserting <quote>(iv)</quote>; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="ID88BA5B5AC22C4ECF995AE7504130B648"><enum>(2)</enum><text>by striking
<quote>rights.</quote> and inserting <quote>rights, or (v) improve the
protection of civilians, especially women and children, including those who are
refugees or displaced persons.</quote>.</text>
</paragraph></section></subtitle><subtitle id="id1F5B41693B554F2BA80FC619CAF697FB"><enum>C</enum><header>Arms Export
Control Act Amendments and Related Provisions</header>
<section id="ID6B899BE9F4C3464FAE483E094EB76693"><enum>121.</enum><header>Thresholds for
advance notice to Congress of sales or upgrades of defense articles, design and
construction services, and major defense equipment</header>
<subsection id="ID6CD84C5617DB4ABAB6955270B167B021"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Letters of
offer to sell</header><text>Subsection (b) of section 36 of the
<act-name parsable-cite="AECA">Arms Export Control Act</act-name> (22 U.S.C.
2776) is amended—</text>
<paragraph id="IDC884AC25ABCA4E32B96D9C11D407B915"><enum>(1)</enum><text>in the first
sentence of paragraph (1)—</text>
<subparagraph id="ID6DBE3DCBB53F47DDA3DAEF205F687942"><enum>(A)</enum><text>by striking
<quote>Subject to paragraph (6), in</quote> and inserting
<quote>In</quote>;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="IDE16DE5112F1D4699ACDCFD0C6FFE8EF1"><enum>(B)</enum><text>by striking
<quote>Act for $50,000,000</quote> and inserting <quote>Act for
$100,000,000</quote>;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="ID229712D9C5924B799E6CEB2991184883"><enum>(C)</enum><text>by striking
<quote>services for $200,000,000</quote> and inserting <quote>services for
$350,000,000</quote>;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="ID76A11034EDD54E308870965F371A35F0"><enum>(D)</enum><text>by striking
<quote>$14,000,000</quote> and inserting <quote>$50,000,000</quote>; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="ID0CE34E8742AA414EAD2C5C6D5748ABCB"><enum>(E)</enum><text>by inserting
<quote>and in other cases if the President determines it is
appropriate,</quote> before <quote>before such letter</quote>;</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="ID646734A148F74BEE86F5F47F38249DE3"><enum>(2)</enum><text>in the first
sentence of paragraph (5)(C)—</text>
<subparagraph id="ID6FEEAC97E1C6416A886CC961CD1A730B"><enum>(A)</enum><text>by striking
<quote>Subject to paragraph (6), if</quote> and inserting
<quote>If</quote>;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="ID8A3FF445DE6442A387D7617D28CD80C5"><enum>(B)</enum><text>by striking
<quote>costs $14,000,000</quote> and inserting <quote>costs
$50,000,000</quote>;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="IDE15C9221F4864A65974BA8091CD3ECA2"><enum>(C)</enum><text>by striking
<quote>equipment, $50,000,000</quote> and inserting <quote>equipment,
$100,000,000</quote>;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="IDB4EF243FADD0405C9C412C5F258C8536"><enum>(D)</enum><text>by striking
<quote>or $200,000,000</quote> and inserting <quote>or $350,000,000</quote>;
and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="ID3BF1B8E0B57C4604895372C28F5C05D1"><enum>(E)</enum><text>by inserting
<quote>and in other cases if the President determines it is
appropriate,</quote> before <quote>then the President</quote>; and</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="ID9E59079A301E4761A217BE16BA4AC80F"><enum>(3)</enum><text>by striking
paragraph (6).</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="IDC7573F64A5D34B2EB3BD8FC5A99450B8"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Export
licenses</header><text>Subsection (c) of section 36 of the
<act-name parsable-cite="AECA">Arms Export Control Act</act-name> (22 U.S.C.
2776) is amended—</text>
<paragraph id="ID2C7DFE003D964C6DB52C1D7FC4443FFB"><enum>(1)</enum><text>in the first
sentence of paragraph (1)—</text>
<subparagraph id="ID52ECCA7DFCBE4F59B40137E5D124E77D"><enum>(A)</enum><text>by striking
<quote>Subject to paragraph (5), in</quote> and inserting
<quote>In</quote>;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="ID7F87F33DE8AA408594C5C71C0A2BDACE"><enum>(B)</enum><text>by striking
<quote>$14,000,000</quote> and inserting <quote>$50,000,000</quote>;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="ID5CEFEC25AA0D41C0A86828B4A83FDF5A"><enum>(C)</enum><text>by striking
<quote>services sold under a contract in the amount of $50,000,000</quote> and
inserting <quote>services sold under a contract in the amount of
$100,000,000</quote>; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="ID5CC1D75D07154538B547BE6D7E9E21C3"><enum>(D)</enum><text>by inserting
<quote>and in other cases if the President determines it is
appropriate,</quote> before <quote>before issuing such</quote>;</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="IDC72DF64AA9044BC58AB21838E462BBD2"><enum>(2)</enum><text>in the last
sentence of paragraph (2), by striking <quote>(A) and (B)</quote> and inserting
<quote>(A), (B), and (C)</quote>; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="IDCFB486B3B5C1420983434BF5DCA413E5"><enum>(3)</enum><text>by striking
paragraph (5).</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="ID726ABADC2CF54A91AC021AC61A594496"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Presidential
consent</header><text>Section 3(d) of the <act-name parsable-cite="AECA">Arms
Export Control Act</act-name> (22 U.S.C. 2753(d)) is amended—</text>
<paragraph id="ID4E8E6F8A9FF24890BDCDF5263EAF6DE3"><enum>(1)</enum><text>in paragraphs (1)
and (3)(A)—</text>
<subparagraph id="IDFECD44B9AB6D4AA6B4C512CC961C8F9D"><enum>(A)</enum><text>by striking
<quote>Subject to paragraph (5), the</quote> and inserting
<quote>The</quote>;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="IDC5B72901793E4145877D5E6CCDBCF3DB"><enum>(B)</enum><text>by striking
<quote>$14,000,000</quote> and inserting <quote>$50,000,000</quote>; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="IDF6BC9A020A484C198227D83F5DAC689B"><enum>(C)</enum><text>by striking
<quote>service valued (in terms of its original acquisition cost) at
$50,000,000</quote> and inserting <quote>service valued (in terms of its
original acquisition cost) at $100,000,000</quote>; and</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="ID6EEF6FA3532440B3B3CF8023492D8A24"><enum>(2)</enum><text>by striking
paragraph (5).</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section id="IDA81C2E75E15D4F318A65108F540112E8"><enum>122.</enum><header>Clarification
of requirement for advance notice to Congress of comprehensive export
authorizations</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">Subsection (d)
of section 36 of the <act-name parsable-cite="AECA">Arms Export Control
Act</act-name> (22 U.S.C. 2776) is amended—</text>
<paragraph id="ID8DCD4D2B3CBD40549EA0B6471D9C2BD4"><enum>(1)</enum><text>in paragraph
(1)—</text>
<subparagraph id="ID3771AEB7CA3A4644AF233C4EEF806E75"><enum>(A)</enum><text>by inserting
<quote>(A)</quote> after <quote>(1)</quote>;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="IDCA29B0018504494DB583F251DEF387BE"><enum>(B)</enum><text>by striking
<quote>this subsection</quote> and inserting <quote>this subparagraph</quote>;
and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="ID970C48BE8E064E388F53DFDC17C60DB6"><enum>(C)</enum><text>by adding at the
end the following new subparagraph:</text>
<quoted-block display-inline="no-display-inline" id="ID988E7426C74B4D5A818A3FAFC3D30E09" style="OLC">
<subparagraph id="IDC45242837DF849A5AC862E5C33C2410F" indent="up2"><enum>(B)</enum><text>Notwithstanding section 27(g), in the
case of a comprehensive authorization described in section 126.14 of title 22,
Code of Federal Regulations (or any corresponding similar regulation) for the
proposed export of defense articles or defense services in an amount that
exceeds a limitation set forth in subsection (c)(1), before the comprehensive
authorization is approved or the addition of a foreign government or other
foreign partner to the comprehensive authorization is approved, the President
shall submit a certification with respect to the comprehensive authorization in
a manner similar to the certification required under subsection (c)(1) of this
section and containing comparable information, except that the last sentence of
such subsection shall not apply to certifications submitted pursuant to this
subparagraph.</text>
</subparagraph><after-quoted-block>;
and</after-quoted-block></quoted-block>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="ID69FE76EB954D4A5099CBDF578C41CC7D"><enum>(2)</enum><text>in paragraph (4),
by striking <quote>Approval for an agreement subject to paragraph (1) may not
be given under section 38</quote> and inserting <quote>Approval for an
agreement subject to paragraph (1)(A), or for a comprehensive authorization
subject to paragraph (1)(B), may not be given under section 38 or section
126.14 of title 22, Code of Federal Regulations (or any corresponding similar
regulation), as the case may be,</quote>.</text>
</paragraph></section><section id="IDab70431c14134053b52ed228c6bc579b"><enum>123.</enum><header>Transfers of
small arms and light weapons</header>
<subsection id="IDdac1dfa779144a2fa5c55f277cc91cfe"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Letters of
offer to sell defense articles or services</header><text>Subsection (b)(1) of
section 36 of the Arms Export Control Act (22 U.S.C. 2776) is amended—</text>
<paragraph id="ID3b78cbc26e714ff78aa67869439175d4"><enum>(1)</enum><text>in subparagraph
(O), by striking <quote>; and</quote> and inserting a semicolon;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="ID8c287ae191504e3c8f0bb7a483b3e11a"><enum>(2)</enum><text>in subparagraph
(P), by striking the period at the end, and inserting <quote>; and</quote>;
and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="IDc335dd0106004b9aaa07621b53ac47e8"><enum>(3)</enum><text>by inserting
after paragraph (P) the following new subparagraph:</text>
<quoted-block display-inline="no-display-inline" id="id9D56A521495E4EA18839447969103BF1" style="OLC">
<subparagraph id="IDb996509641a448a8bc458427d2f470a5"><enum>(Q)</enum><text>for any proposed
sale of firearms listed in category I of the United States Munitions List that
require a license for international export under this section—</text>
<clause id="ID658ad899488b46119d31215ec876e389"><enum>(i)</enum><text>an analysis of
the impact of the proposed sale on efforts by the United States relating to the
collection and destruction of excess small arms and light weapons; and</text>
</clause><clause id="ID3a85f4d8969d4af0b16d9d457327bbb0"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>a detailed
description of any provision or requirement for the recipient state to dispose
of firearms that would become excess as a result of the proposed
sale.</text>
</clause></subparagraph><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="IDaca892f99b154e1dad7929e56c214043"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Applications
for export licenses</header><text>The second sentence of subsection (c) of such
section is amended by inserting after <quote>such offset agreement.</quote> the
following: <quote>Each numbered certification regarding the proposed export of
firearms listed in category I of the United States Munitions List shall include
an analysis of the impact of the proposed sales on efforts by the United States
relating to the collection and destruction of excess small arms and light
weapons and a detailed description of any provision or requirement for the
recipient state to dispose of firearms that would become excess as a result of
the proposed export.</quote>.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="IDb1546dcc0dbe45538921b22019954cdd"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Transfers of
certain excess defense articles</header><text>Subsection (f)(2) of section 516
of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2321j) is amended—</text>
<paragraph id="ID349344df33fc480daae86fa5ccf9e5a0"><enum>(1)</enum><text>in subparagraph
(C), by striking <quote>; and</quote> and inserting a semicolon;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="ID2d2f942497ac4fc9a743e2cea8ab38c5"><enum>(2)</enum><text>by redesignating
subparagraph (D) as subparagraph (E); and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="ID2a7d975a0a794d4cbbf58d373e8b60d6"><enum>(3)</enum><text>by inserting
after subparagraph (C) the following new subparagraph:</text>
<quoted-block display-inline="no-display-inline" id="idDB337E52664746E9800B2A579AC581F7" style="OLC">
<subparagraph id="ID07077a7dfa0e4ab0b35fb69d88963498"><enum>(D)</enum><text>for any proposed
transfer of firearms listed in category I of the United States Munitions List
that would require a license for international export under section 36 of the
Arms Export Control Act (22 U.S.C. 2776)—</text>
<clause id="ID948d0927ee2e44578c3e18575847d589"><enum>(i)</enum><text>an analysis of
the impact of the proposed sale on efforts by the United States relating to the
collection and destruction of excess small arms and light weapons; and</text>
</clause><clause id="IDc1b66f2490874bf7b0550390b4eb48bf"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>a detailed
description of any provision or requirement for the recipient state to dispose
of firearms that would become excess as a result of the proposed transfer;
and</text>
</clause></subparagraph><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section id="ID40d76a7503374e2280ef781e93ad9f40"><enum>124.</enum><header>Plan regarding
cluster munitions sold to foreign countries</header>
<subsection id="ID3da1d280e61a468cace2e1e96f02b4e4"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Findings</header><text>Congress
makes the following findings:</text>
<paragraph id="ID6ee99d06e0b44ef284864bd5accda3c0"><enum>(1)</enum><text>Use by recipient
countries of United States-origin cluster munitions that result in high rates
of unexploded ordnance can damage the reputation of the United States, even if
the United States no longer controls how such weapons are used, because of the
human and economic damage such unexploded ordnance can cause.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="ID82f4d492711243529440c2c732a4590b"><enum>(2)</enum><text>According to a
2005 report by the Defense Science Board Task Force on Munitions System
Reliability, cluster munitions from a weapon acquisition program that reached
the production and deployment phase by the first quarter of fiscal year 2005
are a major contributor to unexploded ordinance from cluster munition
submunitions.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="ID630fda0907964e378d4b48175a3709ef"><enum>(3)</enum><text>According to the
same 2005 report, cluster munitions are more likely to fail, and therefore
leave unexploded ordnance, as they age past their design life.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="IDddcf18d4e0d645589a43bb66453b154d"><enum>(4)</enum><text>On June 19, 2008,
the Secretary of Defense issued a memorandum on Department of Defense policy on
cluster munitions and unintended harm to civilians.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="ID35a2af9065224f66b091ea683be1d96e"><enum>(5)</enum><text>Under the June
2008 policy, the Department of Defense may, consistent with United States law
and policy, seek to transfer cluster munitions that do not meet a specified
performance rate for unexploded ordnance only if the receiving foreign
government agrees not to use such cluster munitions after 2018.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="IDcdca106c9dfd45eaa263f7920a5c553e"><enum>(6)</enum><text>The June 2008
policy does not address cluster munitions that are past their design
life.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="ID93fb02bab9514ddab2504408e177a4c3"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Plan
required</header><text>Not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment
of this Act, the Secretary of State, in consultation with the Secretary of
Defense, shall provide to the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate and
the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives an
unclassified report, with a classified annex as necessary, that—</text>
<paragraph id="ID6b8c9e184f7a444a8e9454851e7f261d"><enum>(1)</enum><text>identifies those
cluster munitions that have been sold or transferred pursuant to the Arms
Export Control Act (22 U.S.C. 2751 et seq.);</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="IDe3b59704e5c44679bee58378b0ed2cec"><enum>(2)</enum><text>identifies the
countries to which cluster munitions have been transferred pursuant to the Arms
Export Control Act, and the numbers of such munitions in such countries that
are, or will soon be, beyond their design life;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="ID0a63ecffb53f44e3adc43f215b304578"><enum>(3)</enum><text>identifies those
countries that received cluster munitions that are, or will soon be, beyond
their design life and have destroyed, deactivated, or refurbished such
munitions or will not use such munitions, except for purposes of training or
development of detection and clearing methods; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="IDfba42a09951149f08aa2681274604a67"><enum>(4)</enum><text>details a plan to
eliminate from operational stockpiles of other countries the risks to innocent
civilians posed by United States-origin cluster munitions that are past their
design life.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section id="IDA884C3EF8EF94A028AB7E44D8558B3DE"><enum>125.</enum><header>Authority to
provide cataloging data and services to non-NATO countries</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">Section 21(h)(2) of the
<act-name parsable-cite="AECA">Arms Export Control Act</act-name> (22 U.S.C.
2761(h)(2)) is amended by striking <quote>to the North Atlantic Treaty
Organization</quote> and all that follows through <quote>provides</quote> and
inserting <quote>to the North Atlantic Treaty Organization, to any member
government of that Organization, or to the government of any other country if
that Organization, member government, or other government
provides</quote>.</text>
</section><section id="ID3F85C6592E4A44FB8E4ACB29B6854B88"><enum>126.</enum><header>Haitian Coast
Guard</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">The Government of Haiti
shall be eligible to purchase defense articles and services for the Haitian
Coast Guard under the <act-name parsable-cite="AECA">Arms Export Control
Act</act-name> (22 U.S.C. 2751 et seq.), subject to the prior notification
requirements under section 634A of the <act-name parsable-cite="FAA61">Foreign
Assistance Act of 1961</act-name> (22 U.S.C. 2394–1).</text>
</section><section id="IDea5aba04b58545e887601e1a39260366"><enum>127.</enum><header>Security
cooperation with the Republic of Korea</header>
<subsection id="IDbbd71bdd288144aea9add0af5436bea4"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Findings</header><text>Congress
makes the following findings:</text>
<paragraph id="ID3e0f616f31034cc3826910b83b45124e"><enum>(1)</enum><text>Close and
continuing defense cooperation between the United States and the Republic of
Korea continues to be in the national security interest of the United
States.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="IDb2ce98fa2d4e409f8fbffeabacbc7cbe"><enum>(2)</enum><text>The Republic of
Korea was designated a Major Non-NATO Ally in 1987, the first such
designation.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="ID4d93fabc51ec4e168c0c1770c1ae31c4"><enum>(3)</enum><text>The Republic of
Korea has been a major purchaser of United States defense articles and services
through the Foreign Military Sales (FMS) program, totaling $6,900,000,000 in
deliveries over the last 10 years.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="IDc9b7c71993db44bfa173fa7671993926"><enum>(4)</enum><text>Purchases of
United States defense articles, services, and major defense equipment
facilitate and increase the interoperability of Republic of Korea military
forces with the United States Armed Forces.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="ID3cc5bb12180a402cb1461dd3017d3bc6"><enum>(5)</enum><text>Congress has
previously enacted important, special defense cooperation arrangements for the
Republic of Korea, as in the Act entitled <quote>An Act to authorize the
transfer of items in the War Reserves Stockpile for Allies, Korea</quote>,
approved December 30, 2005 (Public Law 109–159; 119 Stat. 2955), which
authorized the President, notwithstanding section 514 of the Foreign Assistance
Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2321h), to transfer to the Republic of Korea certain
defense items to be included in a war reserve stockpile for that
country.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="ID80c97d729208482ba3b057fecefe39f5"><enum>(6)</enum><text>Enhanced support
for defense cooperation with the Republic of Korea is important to the national
security of the United States, including through creation of a status in law
for the Republic of Korea similar to the countries in the North Atlantic Treaty
Organization, Japan, Australia, and New Zealand, with respect to consideration
by Congress of foreign military sales to the Republic of Korea.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="IDbfb63ebae9074327b649c833a95b7b8c"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Special foreign
military sales status for Republic of Korea</header><text>Section 36 of the
Arms Export Control Act (22 U.S.C. 2776) is amended—</text>
<paragraph id="IDef31d4064c0b43d8a5092d171459ec24"><enum>(1)</enum><text>in subsection
(b), by inserting <quote>the Republic of Korea,</quote> before
<quote>Japan</quote> each place it appears;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="IDb2596f5761f3451f8267c56b08566e4a"><enum>(2)</enum><text>in subsection
(c), by inserting <quote>the Republic of Korea,</quote> before
<quote>Australia</quote> both places it appears; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="ID646d93efabb5493b8c4f95998589b116"><enum>(3)</enum><text>in subsection
(d)(2)(A), by inserting <quote>the Republic of Korea,</quote> before
<quote>Australia</quote>.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section id="id963F81050F194754ABE370763DAB468C"><enum>128.</enum><header>Sense of
congress on agreements relating to assistance, transfer, or sale of certain
military technologies</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">It is
the sense of Congress that it is the responsibility of the United States
Government, not a private entity, to negotiate with foreign governments any
agreement pursuant to section 646(b)(2) of the Department of State, Foreign
Operations, and Related Programs Appropriations Act, 2008 (division J of Public
Law 110-161; 121 Stat. 2336) specifying that qualifying cluster munitions or
cluster munitions technology will only be used against clearly defined military
targets and will not be used where civilians are known to be present.</text>
</section></subtitle><enum>II</enum><header>Authority to
Transfer Naval Vessels</header>
<section id="id992FDFB28D0248AD9B5C8C99524589EF"><enum>201.</enum><header>Short
title</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">This title may be cited
as the <quote>Naval Vessel Transfer Act of 2008</quote>.</text>
</section><section commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="idA58E500B92C242248D35047BB560A4FD" section-type="subsequent-section"><enum>202.</enum><header display-inline="yes-display-inline">Transfer of naval vessels to certain
foreign recipients</header>
<subsection commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="ID34c83c9cf7c2424795b9ffbfdba95148"><enum>(a)</enum><header display-inline="yes-display-inline">Transfers by grant</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The President is authorized to transfer
vessels to foreign recipients on a grant basis under section 516 of the Foreign
Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2321j), as follows:</text>
<paragraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="ID97324657ef0c43d6b9cb9d1854a9e633"><enum>(1)</enum><header display-inline="yes-display-inline">Pakistan</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">To the Government of Pakistan, the OLIVER
HAZARD PERRY class guided missile frigate MCINERNEY (FFG–8).</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="ID3296e1d0c69f4b4783162a3313e92b5e"><enum>(2)</enum><header display-inline="yes-display-inline">Greece</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">To the Government of Greece, the OSPREY
class minehunter coastal ships OSPREY (MHC–51) and ROBIN (MHC–54).</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="id380CA7358EF943DD8FDC73B2D4178377"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Chile</header><text>To
the Government of Chile, the KAISER class oiler ANDREW J. HIGGINS
(AO–190).</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="id24A3CF19D6CC452F953204DFDC6891C1"><enum>(4)</enum><header>Peru</header><text>To
the Government of Peru, the NEWPORT class amphibious tank landing ships FRESNO
(LST–1182) and RACINE (LST–1191).</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="IDaeea23e847d24709944f0459a9f0684d"><enum>(b)</enum><header display-inline="yes-display-inline">Grants not counted in annual total of
transferred excess defense articles</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The value of a vessel transferred to a
recipient on a grant basis pursuant to authority provided by subsection (a)
shall not be counted against the aggregate value of excess defense articles
transferred in any fiscal year under section 516 of the Foreign Assistance Act
of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2321j).</text>
</subsection><subsection commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="ID0046044f2e2c4b9d992e8e43f76caf40"><enum>(c)</enum><header display-inline="yes-display-inline">Costs of transfers</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Any expense incurred by the United States
in connection with a transfer authorized by this section shall be charged to
the recipient (notwithstanding section 516(e) of the Foreign Assistance Act of
1961 (22 U.S.C. 2321j(e))).</text>
</subsection><subsection commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="ID6c2553ed7b2443a68e35bd202552a1ef"><enum>(d)</enum><header display-inline="yes-display-inline">Repair and refurbishment in United States
shipyards</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">To the maximum
extent practicable, the President shall require, as a condition of the transfer
of a vessel under this section, that the recipient to which the vessel is
transferred have such repair or refurbishment of the vessel as is needed,
before the vessel joins the naval forces of the recipient, performed at a
shipyard located in the United States, including a United States Navy
shipyard.</text>
</subsection><subsection commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="IDbcb0f845fee545aea5e985a3d96b1e43"><enum>(e)</enum><header display-inline="yes-display-inline">Expiration of authority</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The authority to transfer a vessel under
this section shall expire at the end of the 2-year period beginning on the date
of the enactment of this Act.</text>
</subsection></section><enum>III</enum><header>Nonproliferation,
antiterrorism, and Export Control Assistance</header>
<subtitle id="id923FD4F9485C4F049E72F5F6F7F01B46"><enum>A</enum><header>Funding
Authorizations</header>
<section id="idDADCA2A68CC242AD91407F98AE41478B"><enum>301.</enum><header>Nonproliferation,
anti-terrorism, demining, and related programs</header>
<subsection id="IDb3caa80834bf4c899703439584dd68a4"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Authorization
of appropriations</header><text>There are authorized to be appropriated to the
President $578,500,000 for fiscal year 2009 and such sums as may be necessary
for fiscal year 2010 for nonproliferation, anti-terrorism, demining, and
related programs and activities under—</text>
<paragraph id="ID25526926ef414f8ea3a1b83b6024ecce"><enum>(1)</enum><text>chapter 8 of part
II of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2349aa et seq.), for
anti-terrorism assistance;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="ID7b683959820e448a97be2ac52fbd7789"><enum>(2)</enum><text>chapter 9 of part
II of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2349bb et seq.), for export
control and related border security assistance, for preventing diversion of
scientific and technical expertise related to nuclear, chemical, and biological
weapons and their means of delivery, and for other global proliferation threat
reduction efforts;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="ID5290bda67bb14c2e97791eb721389f5c"><enum>(3)</enum><text>paragraph (2) of
section 551 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2348), as added by
section 116 of this Act, for humanitarian demining;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="ID3c458058cb1d4befa1c9c8e44ccc8686"><enum>(4)</enum><text>section 504 of
the FREEDOM Support Act (22 U.S.C. 5854), for the Nonproliferation and
Disarmament Fund;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="IDeadc6d654ca447f39b094a73c60213cd"><enum>(5)</enum><text>section 23 of the
Arms Export Control Act (22 U.S.C. 2763) and section 11 of the Department of
State Authorities Act of 2006 (22 U.S.C. 2349bb–6), for conventional weapons
destruction;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="IDcf8a740b34fe478bb8ca370f1563c479"><enum>(6)</enum><text>section 301 of
the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2221), for a voluntary
contribution to the International Atomic Energy Agency and a United States
contribution to the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty Organization Preparatory
Commission; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="IDb96c8a81ddc946bf9f01c225e45d5249"><enum>(7)</enum><text>the Global
Pathogen Surveillance Act of 2008 (title V of this Act).</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="ID355fdfe4d703479cae6d7012e07d9e2d"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Suballocation</header><text>Of
the amounts authorized to be appropriated under subsection (a)—</text>
<paragraph id="ID36031e0c310943238f9254c26e520723"><enum>(1)</enum><text>for fiscal year
2009, $45,000,000 is authorized to be available until expended, and for fiscal
year 2010, such sums as may be necessary are authorized to be available until
expended, for the Nonproliferation and Disarmament Fund, to promote,
notwithstanding any other provision of law, bilateral and multilateral
activities relating to nonproliferation and disarmament, including, when in the
national security interests of the United States, with respect to international
organizations and in countries other than the independent states of the former
Soviet Union;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="ID7400d62df6834a6eb214fd3d5541b18c"><enum>(2)</enum><text>for fiscal year
2009, $41,300,000 is authorized to be available until September 30, 2010, and
for fiscal year 2010, such sums as may be necessary are authorized to be
available until September 30, 2011, for export control and related border
security assistance;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="ID3b3a2b9055144506b4efdb3fec91765e"><enum>(3)</enum><text>for fiscal year
2009, $69,000,000 is authorized to be available, and for fiscal year 2010, such
sums as may be necessary are authorized to be available, for global threat
reduction;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="IDac853738f8de445ca4a45dd13d5595eb"><enum>(4)</enum><text>for fiscal year
2009, $66,000,000 is authorized to be available, and for fiscal year 2010, such
sums as may be necessary are authorized to be available, for a voluntary
contribution to the International Atomic Energy Agency;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="ID2da83f6c926a406caa32f74dadf550be"><enum>(5)</enum><text>for fiscal year
2009, $10,000,000 is authorized to be available until September 30, 2013, for a
voluntary contribution to the International Atomic Energy Agency’s Nuclear
Security Fund, to support measures to protect against nuclear terrorism,
provided—</text>
<subparagraph id="ID1b1e317762504a70a9f2fecd9343ab13"><enum>(A)</enum><text>that such amounts
may be deposited in the Fund only to the extent of deposits of matching amounts
in that Fund by other governments, entities, or persons in excess of the
amounts contributed by such governments, entities or persons to the Nuclear
Security Fund in 2007; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="ID833773d8b26a46fdaa9b75348e09ed77"><enum>(B)</enum><text>that there are no
conditions attached to the contributions being matched that would prevent the
IAEA Office of Nuclear Security from using such contributions on any project
that accords with a Nuclear Security Plan already approved by the IAEA Board of
Governors;</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="ID5cc657869bf540a2a8f8b51a61ddbafa"><enum>(6)</enum><text>for fiscal year
2009, $31,000,000 is authorized to be available, and for fiscal year 2010, such
sums as may be necessary are authorized to be available, for a United States
contribution to the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty Organization Preparatory
Commission, to pay the current and outstanding United States share of
construction and provisional operation of the International Monitoring System
and related functions;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="IDcd4839240b9547318c6a0cffba545ea9"><enum>(7)</enum><text>for fiscal year
2009, $160,000,000 is authorized to be available until September 30, 2010, and
for fiscal year 2010, such sums as may be necessary are authorized to be
available until September 30, 2011, for anti-terrorism assistance, of
which—</text>
<subparagraph id="id9523D24C5E124B328A947D58A86B16B3"><enum>(A)</enum><text>$8,900,000 is
authorized to be available for fiscal year 2009 and such sums as are necessary
are authorized to be available for fiscal year 2010 for the Terrorist
Interdiction Program;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="idCDB5A77AD57144D1AA13B6241E9940B9"><enum>(B)</enum><text>$1,200,000 is
authorized to be available for fiscal year 2009 and such sums as are necessary
are authorized to be available for fiscal year 2010 for counterterrorism
engagement with allies; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="id8D53613F2F0643D089AF532D5C18AA87"><enum>(C)</enum><text>$8,425,000 is
authorized to be available for fiscal year 2009 and such sums as are necessary
are authorized to be available for fiscal year 2010 for counterterrorism
financing; and</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="ID9dfe69ea26574bf08e9cc0c60355a67f"><enum>(8)</enum><text>for fiscal year
2009, $151,200,000 is authorized to be available, and for fiscal year 2010,
such sums as are necessary are authorized to be available, for conventional
weapons destruction.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="IDd0351124fc5345c29ea48421635232fc"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Availability</header><text>Amounts
authorized under this section for the purposes specified in this section are in
addition to amounts otherwise available for such purposes.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="ID9e8e231b4973420dbd82d424ed99a116"><enum>302.</enum><header>Contributions
to international organizations supporting key nonproliferation goals</header>
<subsection id="IDcdbd25fc0be7408e8497cd068853664f"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Findings</header><text>Congress
makes the following findings:</text>
<paragraph id="ID4c14452dcfd04e12a7d7c060adbc3d33"><enum>(1)</enum><text>The United
Nations Security Council, in Security Council Resolution 1540 (2004), affirmed
that <quote>proliferation of nuclear, chemical and biological weapons, as well
as their means of delivery, constitutes a threat to international peace and
security</quote>.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="ID45c313347ccb4b3bbcff41bb7d197fab"><enum>(2)</enum><text>The Treaty on the
Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons, done at Washington, London, and Moscow
July 1, 1968, and entered into force March 5, 1970 (commonly known as the
<quote>Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty</quote> or <quote>NPT</quote>) and the
effective functioning of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) are of
critical importance to international peace and security and United States
national security.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="ID0676680b3a0b42968e19256fc6f02a85"><enum>(3)</enum><text>President George
W. Bush told the 46th General Conference of the IAEA in 2002, “The threat from
nuclear proliferation remains real, immediate, and dangerous. We must ensure
that the IAEA has the resources it needs to carry out its mission
effectively.”</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="IDa15893e2b9c24ab48f179f909018d122"><enum>(4)</enum><text>The Convention on
the Prohibition of the Development, Production, Stockpiling and Use of Chemical
Weapons and on Their Destruction, done at Paris January 13, 1993, and entered
into force April 29, 1997 (commonly known as the <quote>Chemical Weapons
Convention</quote> or <quote>CWC</quote>) and the effective functioning of the
Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW) furthers United
States national security by verifying that stockpiles of chemical weapons are
destroyed and by ensuring that declared peaceful chemical activities are not
diverted to weapons purposes.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="ID57d63b102e364fbca0b95249705b9683"><enum>(5)</enum><text>On April 29,
2007, Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice offered her congratulations on the
tenth anniversary of the CWC to Ambassador Rogelio Pfirter, Director-General of
the OPCW. In that message, Secretary Rice stated, <quote>The Organization for
the Prohibition for Chemical Weapons (OPCW) and its staff continue to make
important contributions to increasing security for every nation against the
threat of chemical weapons.</quote> Secretary Rice also assured
Director-General Pfirter of <quote>the United States government’s continued
strong support for and commitment to the Convention and the
OPCW</quote>.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="ID510a50ef27cb47a1b5ecb19254f57948"><enum>(6)</enum><text>Before fiscal
year 1982, the United States paid its assessed contributions to the IAEA by
making quarterly payments with funds appropriated for the fiscal year ending in
the same year that contributions were due.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="ID62d905dacf534342abbc9223c45fb26c"><enum>(7)</enum><text>At the request of
the Executive Branch, Congress in fiscal year 1982 began deferring payments so
that contributions to several international organizations, including the IAEA,
are paid in one lump sum near the end of the organization’s calendar year (or
even later), with funds appropriated for the fiscal year ending in the
following year.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="ID11af6d38a2854b25b34a8ee731039b78"><enum>(8)</enum><text>For those
contributions paid under the deferral policy, in the best case no appropriated
funds are available to pay the United States assessment before the final
quarter of an international organization’s budget year. As early as February
1983, the Government Accountability Office (GAO) found that later United States
payments as a result of the deferral policy <quote>contributed to existing cash
flow problems [at the relevant international organizations]</quote>.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="IDe85e6037f1f4443594e7d98cf42a97fe"><enum>(9)</enum><text>The deferral
policy leaves very little overlap between the calendar year for which
international organizations need the funds and the United States fiscal year in
which payments are appropriated. The deferral policy therefore exacerbates the
negative impact of failing to appropriate funds before the beginning of a given
fiscal year. As a result of the deferral policy, the United States is often
unable to pay its dues before the end of organizations’ budget years.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="ID08925e9c6c6442ada5d17ea84ee9316a"><enum>(10)</enum><text>Late payment of
United States dues can impair the ability of the IAEA and the OPCW to carry out
critical missions.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="ID16694e26b8b64e72b63499ea6634a922"><enum>(11)</enum><text>After entry into
force of the Chemical Weapons Convention, the United States did not apply the
formal deferral policy to assessed payments to the OPCW. Recent budget
shortfalls and exchange rate losses in the <quote>Contributions to
International Organizations</quote> account have led the United States in
recent years to defer, however, approximately 70 percent of its assessed
payment to the following fiscal year.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="IDb16c3b954b404a30a00c9cc5418f9f6e"><enum>(12)</enum><text>For 2008 the
OPCW has approved its third straight budget of zero nominal growth.
Nevertheless, for five straight years OPCW has had to return unspent cash
surpluses to Member States, in large part because the organization was unable
to carry out budgeted activities when assessed dues were not paid in a timely
manner. OPCW Director-General Pfirter in August 2007 stated, <quote>The
shortfall in cash receipts could, of course, severely undermine the financial
health of the OPCW.</quote></text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="ID7a01c4b06fff4f5d8270417e8d8fc47d"><enum>(13)</enum><text>Large portions
of both the OPCW Verification and Inspections budget and the IAEA safeguards
budget are allocated to paying fixed staffing costs for already-hired
inspectors. These organizations have few other choices than to cut back on
budgets for recruitment and training of new inspectors and investments in
verification technology if cash is not available in a timely manner.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="IDb40448eb83b749db981dfa8fa28337ad"><enum>(14)</enum><text>The short-term
budget gains created by the 1981 deferral switch have long since disappeared,
while the damage both to the performance of organizations of vital importance
to United States nonproliferation goals and to the standing and influence of
the United States in those organizations continues. Ending the deferral policy
for organizations serving missions of critical importance to international
peace and security would entail higher budget costs for a small number of
transition years but would pay benefits for many years to come.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="ID81f8e8ad7cb94bbea1d83a396347032d"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Authorization
of appropriations</header><text>In addition to any other amounts authorized for
contributions to international organizations, there is authorized to be
appropriated $50,000,000 for fiscal year 2009, for contributions to
international organizations, to meet obligations for membership in the
International Atomic Energy Agency and in the Organization for the Prohibition
of Chemical Weapons assessed by those organizations for calendar year
2008.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="ID4c9087a070f14c8993b5a3f93262866e"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Report</header><text>Not
later than June 30, 2009, the Secretary of State shall submit to the Committee
on Foreign Relations and the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate and the
Committee on Foreign Affairs and the Committee on Appropriations of the House
of Representatives a report that includes the following:</text>
<paragraph id="IDb894fa9a02f74d00b5735cab2ef78f2b"><enum>(1)</enum><text>The amounts of
any assessments by the International Atomic Energy Agency and the Organization
for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons for calendar year 2009 or any prior
year that the Secretary determines will remain unpaid by the United States on
October 1, 2009.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="IDcba2038e64ed4919b216ec600d1110fc"><enum>(2)</enum><text>The reason or
reasons such assessments will not have been paid by October 1, 2009.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section></subtitle><subtitle id="idB15DC8FDDC254F779EBCE781AB15AE7F"><enum>B</enum><header>Program
Authorizations, Restrictions, and Limitations</header>
<section id="idE480EFD5E687443EB943A41E82431AA3"><enum>311.</enum><header>Amendments to
the Atomic Energy Act of 1954</header>
<subsection id="IDb45381f959894e4aba4a625d3ac2c003"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Information to
accompany proposed agreements for nuclear cooperation</header><text>Section
123(b) of the Atomic Energy Act (42 U.S.C. 2153(b)) is amended by inserting
after <quote>Nuclear Proliferation Assessment Statement</quote> the following:
<quote>and a report on the actions taken and planned by the United States with
the country identified in the proposed agreement for cooperation to fulfill the
purposes of the program authorized in Section 502 of the Nuclear
Nonproliferation Act of 1978 (22 U.S.C. 3262)</quote>.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="ID4f24edc8da7045f0b42f23d34eb51fbf"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Subsequent
arrangements under agreements for nuclear cooperation</header><text>Section
131(b)(1) of such Act (42 U.S.C. 2160(b)(1)) is amended by inserting after
<quote>elapsed</quote> the following: <quote>, except that for any such
subsequent arrangement under an agreement for cooperation which did not,
pursuant to section 123(d) of this Act, become effective until there was
enacted a joint resolution favoring such agreement, the Secretary of Energy may
not enter into any such subsequent arrangement until Congress adopts, and there
is enacted, a joint resolution approving such subsequent arrangement, which
resolution shall be considered pursuant to the procedures set forth in section
130(i) of this Act</quote>.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="ID2f80ebadac9f4e5d99633f3a8f886c25"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Amendments to
agreements for nuclear cooperation</header><text>Section 123(d) of such Act (42
U.S.C. 2153(d)) is amended—</text>
<paragraph id="ID5cc4f47da9a04d679441e53873f42961"><enum>(1)</enum><text>by inserting
after <quote>in connection therewith)</quote> the following: <quote>, or an
amendment to such agreement,</quote>;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="ID14e9f4c9105f41b99399730a70ccc13b"><enum>(2)</enum><text>by inserting
after <quote>contained in that subsection</quote> the following: <quote>, or an
agreement with a nation or group of nations that does not have in force an
additional protocol to its agreement with the International Atomic Energy
Agency for the application of safeguards,</quote>; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="ID702354969cae4db19a4355ce929c1499"><enum>(3)</enum><text>by inserting
after <quote>the Henry J. Hyde United States-India Peaceful Atomic Energy
Cooperation Act of 2006</quote> the following: <quote>, or an amendment to such
agreement,</quote>.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section id="id80B5BD87957F42C79AE1492BF2FB235C"><enum>312.</enum><header>Biosecurity
engagement program</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">Chapter 9
of Part II of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2349bb et seq.) is
amended by inserting after section 584 the following new section:</text>
<quoted-block display-inline="no-display-inline" id="idCFA33B6D156349C6A4D4CEE9885EE70B" style="OLC">
<section id="id2BEB5771315B4BFAB8EFB7A192506D2C"><enum>584A.</enum><header>Global
pathogen security program</header>
<subsection id="ID2360a4b5647e402dbe32e29dcd6008bc"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Establishment</header><text>The
Secretary of State shall establish a program to combat bioterrorism world-wide
by providing training, equipment, and financial and technical (including legal)
assistance in such areas as biosecurity, biosafety, pathogen surveillance, and
timely response to outbreaks of infectious disease, and by providing increased
opportunity for scientists who possess expertise that could make a material
contribution to the development, manufacture, or use of biological weapons to
engage in remunerative careers that promote public health and safety.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="ID72066d32ed794c2c8456ff29ddbd92a0"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Activities
included</header><text>Activities in the program established pursuant to
subsection (a) may include such activities as the Biosecurity Engagement
Program of the Office of Cooperative Threat Reduction in the Department of
State.</text>
</subsection></section><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block>
</section></subtitle><subtitle id="id3CEDDC27C350451E8C4ED8723436C47D"><enum>C</enum><header>Reporting
Requirements</header>
<section id="IDA72637900CC84649A5F88B2234D82F00"><enum>321.</enum><header>Amendments to
the Arms Control and Disarmament Act</header>
<subsection id="IDC7BA6367794B4130AC0EFEAC606D769C"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Verification of
compliance</header><text>Section 306(a) of the Arms Control and Disarmament Act
(22 U.S.C. 2577(a)) is amended by inserting <quote>or other formal
commitment</quote> after <quote>agreement</quote> each place it appears in
paragraphs (1) and (2).</text>
</subsection><subsection id="ID76833E1688F643A092EFD6E81A582280"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Annual reports
to Congress</header><text>Section 403 of the Arms Control and Disarmament Act
(22 U.S.C. 2593a) is amended to read as follows:</text>
<quoted-block display-inline="no-display-inline" id="IDEEF1347B83D74C0588708149BBCA780C" style="traditional">
<section id="ID6BD86AFBA4F04119A1870FBF0B23D131"><enum>403.</enum><header>Annual reports to Congress</header><subsection commented="no" display-inline="yes-display-inline" id="IDB21E8AD005FA4D03BB4C42F086527335"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Report on objectives
and negotiations</header><text>Not later than April 15 of each year, the
President shall submit to the Speaker of the House of Representatives and to
the Chairman of the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate a report
prepared by the Secretary of State, in consultation with the Secretary of
Defense, the Secretary of Energy, the Director of National Intelligence, and
the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, on the status of United States
policy and actions with respect to arms control, nonproliferation, and
disarmament. Such report shall include—</text>
<paragraph id="ID90B62857E7B94DA0B11209F8B8A553DB"><enum>(1)</enum><text>a detailed
statement concerning the arms control, nonproliferation, and disarmament
objectives of the executive branch of Government for the forthcoming year;
and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="IDB12C17FA215C476393FADCFDBD640A2F"><enum>(2)</enum><text>a detailed
assessment of the status of any ongoing arms control, nonproliferation, or
disarmament negotiations, including a comprehensive description of negotiations
or other activities during the preceding year and an appraisal of the status
and prospects for the forthcoming year.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="ID2519D0143A6749E89A4F6BBB314AD56B"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Report on
compliance</header><text>Not later than April 15 of each year, the President
shall submit to the Speaker of the House of Representatives and to the Chairman
of the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate a report prepared by the
Secretary of State with the concurrence of the Director of National
Intelligence and in consultation with the Secretary of Defense, the Secretary
of Energy, and the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff on the status of
United States policy and actions with respect to arms control,
nonproliferation, and disarmament compliance. Such report shall include—</text>
<paragraph id="ID8DDA7227D7E044AB9637F179DA81B9F7"><enum>(1)</enum><text>a detailed
assessment of adherence of the United States to obligations undertaken in arms
control, nonproliferation, and disarmament agreements, including information on
the policies and organization of each relevant agency or department of the
United States to ensure adherence to such obligations, a description of
national security programs with a direct bearing on questions of adherence to
such obligations and of steps being taken to ensure adherence, and a
compilation of any substantive questions raised during the preceding year and
any corrective action taken;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="ID1237A59B24BD4D25ACACE180C834AD87"><enum>(2)</enum><text>a detailed
assessment of the adherence of other nations to obligations undertaken in all
arms control, nonproliferation, and disarmament agreements or commitments,
including the Missile Technology Control Regime, to which the United States is
a participating state, including information on actions taken by each nation
with regard to the size, structure, and disposition of its military forces in
order to comply with arms control, nonproliferation, or disarmament agreements
or commitments, including, in the case of each agreement or commitment about
which compliance questions exist—</text>
<subparagraph id="ID787D20F8E76749818D83026268A48C34"><enum>(A)</enum><text>a description of
each significant issue raised and efforts made and contemplated with the other
participating state to seek resolution of the difficulty;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="ID240F16FAAA224BAAA98DC845BE50BA6C"><enum>(B)</enum><text>an assessment of
damage, if any, to United States security and other interests;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="IDBB4AAFBF5E8248EE9DA062F9F3086041"><enum>(C)</enum><text>recommendations
as to any steps that should be considered to redress any damage to United
States national security and to reduce compliance problems; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="ID9784EE883F244117AFD92622FE92CB14"><enum>(D)</enum><text>for states that
are not parties to such agreements or commitments, a description of activities
of concern carried out by such states and efforts underway to bring such states
into adherence with such agreements or commitments;</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="IDEDB6FE7238BB41449D4E9F7E481725B5"><enum>(3)</enum><text>a discussion of
any material noncompliance by foreign governments with their binding
commitments to the United States with respect to the prevention of the spread
of nuclear explosive devices (as defined in section 830(4) of the Nuclear
Proliferation Prevention Act of 1994 (22 U.S.C. 6305(4)) by non-nuclear-weapon
states (as defined in section 830(5) of that Act (22 U.S.C. 6305(5)) or the
acquisition by such states of unsafeguarded special nuclear material (as
defined in section 830(8) of that Act (22 U.S.C. 6305(8)), including—</text>
<subparagraph id="ID2051842129D543A9B0983115E5EA6CD8"><enum>(A)</enum><text>a net assessment
of the aggregate military significance of all such violations;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="ID9654AACBA0E448358346B52B1BA36E8D"><enum>(B)</enum><text>a statement of
the compliance policy of the United States with respect to violations of those
commitments; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="ID5D0945C943504A3CAEFA259244BD53A7"><enum>(C)</enum><text>what actions, if
any, the President has taken or proposes to take to bring any country
committing such a violation into compliance with those commitments; and</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="IDDFEF6EDA726A429E819E4923A17C6DAE"><enum>(4)</enum><text>a specific
identification, to the maximum extent practicable in unclassified form, of each
and every question that exists with respect to compliance by other countries
with arms control, nonproliferation, and disarmament agreements and other
formal commitments with the United States.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="IDD8EFD2947F684C459A2C0EDF7CD3625C"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Chemical
weapons convention compliance report requirement satisfied</header><text>The
report submitted pursuant to subsection (b) shall include the information
required under section 2(10)(C) of Senate Resolution 75, 105th Congress, agreed
to April 24, 1997, advising and consenting to the ratification of the
Convention on the Prohibition of Development, Production, Stockpiling and Use
of Chemical Weapons and on Their Destruction, with annexes, done at Paris
January 13, 1993 and entered into force April 29, 1997 (popularly known as the
<quote>Chemical Weapons Convention</quote>; T.Doc. 103–21).</text>
</subsection><subsection id="ID5D52F1C46B324E669652CA86B3AD1D04"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Classification
of report</header><text>The reports required by this section shall be submitted
in unclassified form, with classified annexes, as appropriate. The report
portions described in paragraphs (2) and (3) of subsection (b) shall summarize
in detail, at least in classified annexes, the information, analysis, and
conclusions relevant to possible noncompliance by other countries that are
provided by United States intelligence agencies.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="ID5DE93AFD0A18409AAD19C43C6E5A9526"><enum>(e)</enum><header>Reporting
consecutive noncompliance</header><text>If the President in consecutive reports
submitted to the Congress under subsection (b) reports that any country is not
in full compliance with its binding nonproliferation commitments to the United
States, then the President shall include in the second such report an
assessment of what actions are necessary to compensate for such
violations.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="IDCBBC4B51B54647F887CE1AB525FAEE10"><enum>(f)</enum><header>Additional
requirement</header><text>Each report required by subsection (b) shall include
a discussion of each significant issue described in paragraph (4) of such
subsection that was contained in a previous report issued under this section
during 1995, or after December 31, 1995, until the question or concern has been
resolved and such resolution has been reported in detail to the Committee on
Foreign Relations and the Select Committee on Intelligence of the Senate and
the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the Permanent Select Committee on
Intelligence of the House of
Representatives.</text>
</subsection></section><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block>
</subsection></section><section id="IDb160b4ccad044b87a0f3a363a555f7cb"><enum>322.</enum><header>Adequate
funding for IAEA safeguards</header>
<subsection id="ID209d7bd9124e4bc8ba7c27fcab1efa6f"><enum>(a)</enum><text>Section 201(b) of
the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Act of 1978 (22 U.S.C. 3241(b)) is amended to
read as follows:</text>
<quoted-block display-inline="no-display-inline" id="id4DA89F69FC674CD6A1F7AE59682A3E27" style="OLC">
<subsection id="IDa2319d1f838045b5a6e55c4e6d6ea3cf"><enum>(b)</enum><text>ensure that the
IAEA has the financial, technical, and personnel resources available to fully
carry out its safeguards mission and that, to the maximum extent possible,
safeguards activities are financed by the regular budget of the IAEA and not by
voluntary contributions to the
Agency;</text>
</subsection><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block>
</subsection></section><section id="idF6746C7A43DB4B59A9D0238DFA801C95"><enum>323.</enum><header>Annual report
on nuclear nonproliferation</header>
<subsection id="idBEDBA3A5AB8B41C6A004FB085A681742"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Report
required</header><text>Not later than March 1 of each year, except in 2009 and
every fourth year thereafter not later than June 1, the President, shall,
submit to Congress a report on the efforts of Federal departments and agencies
to prevent nuclear proliferation. The report shall include—</text>
<paragraph id="id8324B7D26A0C46D9BED2D391C3CDC9F0"><enum>(1)</enum><text>a description of
the progress made toward—</text>
<subparagraph id="idD0F5225CB7474A43BCF091D88A5E23A6"><enum>(A)</enum><text>negotiating the
initiatives contemplated in sections 104 and 105 of Nuclear Non-Proliferation
Act of 1978 (22 U.S.C. 3223 and 3224);</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="idB3FB23C1850F4BA69D660A12B8E0405D"><enum>(B)</enum><text>negotiating the
international arrangements or other mutual undertakings contemplated in section
403 of the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Act of 1978 (42 U.S.C. 2153b);</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="idF7E2B27EBE6247A888CF902E9B36A5DC"><enum>(C)</enum><text>encouraging
non-nuclear-weapon states that are not party to the Nuclear Non-Proliferation
Treaty to adhere to the Treaty or, pending such adherence, to enter into
comparable agreements with respect to safeguards and to foreswear the
development of any nuclear explosive devices, and discouraging nuclear exports
to non-nuclear-weapon states which have not taken such steps;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="id1395B91171854C948B059E5A84BFE1CC"><enum>(D)</enum><text>strengthening the
safeguards of the IAEA as contemplated in section 201 of the Nuclear
Non-Proliferation Act of 1978 (22 U.S.C. 3241), particularly including ensuring
that IAEA safeguards programs are adequately funded and reducing the proportion
of IAEA funding for safeguards activities covered by voluntary contributions;
and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="id35AF528B960B433D85EB78F81DEE0537"><enum>(E)</enum><text>renegotiating
agreements for cooperation as contemplated in section 404(a) of the Nuclear
Non-Proliferation Act of 1978 (42 U.S.C. 2153c);</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="id1608ADA10DE84FE1809D9C1E1BBE1F28"><enum>(2)</enum><text>an assessment of
the impact of the progress described in paragraph (1) on the non-proliferation
policy of the United States;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="id008E3D1F56D1438C8C92CF5F3CA6332F"><enum>(3)</enum><text>an explanation of
the precise reasons why progress has not been made on any particular point and
recommendations with respect to appropriate measures to encourage
progress;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="idDC838E6AA3AA415784A57B2F3BF3E396"><enum>(4)</enum><text>a statement of
the President’s general and specific nonproliferation and threat reduction
objectives and how the efforts of Federal agencies will be coordinated most
effectively, pursuant to section 1334 of the Foreign Relations Authorization
Act, Fiscal Year 2003 (50 U.S.C. 2357b), to achieve those objectives;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="id334F6E0FBCE1466C8DCD1EC3729229AE"><enum>(5)</enum><text>a statement of
what legislative modifications, if any, are necessary in the President’s
judgment to achieve the nonproliferation policy of the United States;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="id75463408886E42899749E6F1C2C497F8"><enum>(6)</enum><text>a determination
as to which non-nuclear-weapon states with which the United States has an
agreement for cooperation in effect or under negotiation, if any, have—</text>
<subparagraph id="id5855BEF0152B4586AF49E9AA9BFC6521"><enum>(A)</enum><text>detonated a
nuclear device;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="id4EC5B22955D04901BD45569506029365"><enum>(B)</enum><text>refused to accept
the safeguards of the IAEA on all of their peaceful nuclear activities;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="idDB6A4A4C81CC47CE9759325728398060"><enum>(C)</enum><text>refused to give
specific assurances that they will not manufacture or otherwise acquire any
nuclear explosive device; or</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="id07328A8AF8A94BE9A1CE58E9BFAC01AD"><enum>(D)</enum><text>engaged in
activities involving source or special nuclear material and having direct
significance for the manufacture or acquisition of nuclear explosive
devices;</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="id6F1EFC6F6B284AB4A8F0EB45CD70170A"><enum>(7)</enum><text>an assessment of
whether any of the policies set forth in the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Act of
1978 (Public Law 95–242) have, on balance, been counterproductive from the
standpoint of preventing proliferation;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="idB5194061A25343739DF8361D85771B32"><enum>(8)</enum><text>a description of
the progress made toward establishing procedures to facilitate the timely
processing of requests for subsequent arrangements and export licenses in order
to enhance the reliability of the United States in meeting its commitments to
supply nuclear reactors and fuel to nations which adhere to effective
non-proliferation policies;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="id7F6E8566EB764597AE6BB806D65FC00F"><enum>(9)</enum><text>a description of
the implementation of nuclear and nuclear-related dual-use export controls in
the preceding calendar year, including a summary by type of commodity and
destination of—</text>
<subparagraph id="id0CD669119EAF4B45926E57B6F806F627"><enum>(A)</enum><text>all transactions
for which—</text>
<clause id="idBC27D908BBAF4C56A08ED60F2EE99FF6"><enum>(i)</enum><text>an
export license was issued for any good controlled under section 309(c) of the
Nuclear Non-Proliferation Act of 1978 (42 U.S.C. 2139a(c));</text>
</clause><clause id="id76EC7DF6D243471DA36DE9E2840577BB"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>an
export license was issued under section 109 b. of the Atomic Energy Act of 1954
(42 U.S.C. 2139(b));</text>
</clause><clause id="idEF6C2FDB4CA3441F97F34CAFA9ED1870"><enum>(iii)</enum><text>approvals were
issued under the Export Administration Act of 1979 (50 U.S.C. App. 2401 et
seq.) or section 109 b.(3) of the Atomic Energy Act of 1954 (42 U.S.C.
2139(b)(3)), for the retransfer of any item, technical data, component, or
substance; or</text>
</clause><clause id="idAED81783BBD748C8AC9A41D0BB5AC65A"><enum>(iv)</enum><text>authorizations
were made as required by section 57 b.(2) of the Atomic Energy Act of 1954 (42
U.S.C. 2077(b)(2)) to engage, directly or indirectly, in the production of
special nuclear material;</text>
</clause></subparagraph><subparagraph id="id8330B24E4B044D3B9DDF100BAFA82F43"><enum>(B)</enum><text>each instance in
which—</text>
<clause id="idED025E8330C24934BE9EAC44A916F0FC"><enum>(i)</enum><text>a
sanction has been imposed under section 821(a) or section 824 of the Nuclear
Proliferation Prevention Act of 1994 (22 U.S.C. 6301(a)) or section 102(b)(1)
of the Arms Export Control Act (22 U.S.C. 2799aa–1(b)(1));</text>
</clause><clause id="id3924A35F72404C5FB61FAE29A086A4A2"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>sales or leases
have been denied under section 3(f) of the Arms Export Control Act (22 U.S.C.
2753(f)) or transactions have been prohibited by reason of acts relating to
proliferation of nuclear explosive devices as described in section 40(d) of
that Act;</text>
</clause><clause id="id10F1780FEA5F4616A49DE0AAE856D9B0"><enum>(iii)</enum><text>a
sanction has not been imposed by reason of section 821(c)(2) of the Nuclear
Proliferation Prevention Act of 1994 (22 U.S.C. 6301(c)(2)) or the imposition
of a sanction has been delayed under section 102(b)(4) of the Arms Export
Control Act (22 U.S.C. 2799aa–1(b)(4)); or</text>
</clause><clause id="id8AF87723F7384FCE962ECF549FE9EF1F"><enum>(iv)</enum><text>a
waiver of a sanction has been made under—</text>
<subclause id="id203CEBAC214847E1ACD5B092AF2E351B"><enum>(I)</enum><text>section 821(f) or
section 824 of the Nuclear Proliferation Prevention Act of 1994;</text>
</subclause><subclause id="id2C8E13B9084341A68E4A5E7FB1AF54FF"><enum>(II)</enum><text>section 620E(d)
of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2375(d)), or paragraph (5) or
(6)(B) of section 102(b) of the Arms Export Control Act (22 U.S.C.
2799aa–1(b));</text>
</subclause><subclause id="id892D660DD84D44ADB13285146E2F1274"><enum>(III)</enum><text>section 40(g)
of the Arms Export Control Act (22 U.S.C. 2780(g)) with respect to the last
sentence of section 40(d) of that Act (22 U.S.C. 2780(g)); or</text>
</subclause><subclause id="id3D9DC2588A144EC8BB14177958A121A2"><enum>(IV)</enum><text>section 614 of
the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2364) with respect to section
620E of that Act (22 U.S.C. 2375) or section 3(f), the last sentence of section
40(d), or 102(b)(1) of the Arms Export Control Act; and</text>
</subclause></clause></subparagraph><subparagraph id="id8E08E33916AE407187EB4C8B471E48A8"><enum>(C)</enum><text>the progress of
those independent states of the former Soviet Union that are non-nuclear-weapon
states and of the Baltic states towards achieving the objective of applying
full scope safeguards to all their peaceful nuclear activities.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="idBCBD744312674C9888AF242E53E2AB71"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Form</header><text>Portions
of the information required by subsection (a)(6) may be submitted in classified
form, as necessary. Any such information that may not be published or disclosed
under section 12(c)(1) of the Export Administration Act of 1979 (50 U.S.C. App.
2411(c)(1)) shall be submitted as classified.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="idAE983561C67C4706A2FDD830D6468B99"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Incorporation
by reference</header>
<paragraph id="idA94AF0489DAC43AEBB39A39A63AD4E6F"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Cooperative
threat reduction programs</header><text>Information relevant to the report
required under this section that is already contained in an annual report on
activities and assistance under Cooperative Threat Reduction programs submitted
to Congress under section 1308 of the Floyd D. Spence National Defense
Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2001 (Public Law 106-398; 114 Stat. 1654-341)
for the year for which the report required under this section is submitted may
be cited by reference in the report required under this section.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="id738AA36FF7EA46DC96EB70459215ECBF"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Implementing
recommendations of the 9/11 commission act of 2007</header><text>Information
relevant to the report required under this section that is already contained in
an annual report on the strategy and policies developed pursuant to section
1841 of the Implementing Recommendations of the 9/11 Commission Act of 2007 (50
U.S.C. 2931) for the current and future fiscal years during which the report
required under this section is submitted may be cited by reference in the
report required under this section.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="id14060DF762BF4EAC80E864C5DE540C40"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Arms control,
nonproliferation, and disarmament</header><text>Information relevant to the
report required under this section that is already contained in an annual
report on the status of United States policy and actions with respect to arms
control, nonproliferation, and disarmament developed pursuant to section 403 of
the Arms Control and Disarmament Act (22 U.S.C. 2593a) for the year for which
the report required under this section is submitted may be cited by reference
in the report required under this section.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="id3571E755C1944551A7320D43DA174284"><enum>(4)</enum><header>Nuclear weapons
security</header><text>Information relevant to the report required under this
section that is already contained in an annual report on the security of
nuclear weapons and related equipment and formula quantities of strategic
special nuclear material outside of the United States developed pursuant to
section 3134 of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2008 (22
U.S.C. 3244 note) for the year for which the report required under this section
is submitted may be cited by reference in the report required under this
section.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section id="ID6e2b2f03bb324f86b4285747403461a8"><enum>324.</enum><header>Amended
additional reports on nonproliferation</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">Section 602(c)(1) of the Nuclear
Non-Proliferation Act of 1978 (22 U.S.C. 3282(c)(1)) is amended—</text>
<paragraph id="IDb03e0124795842a3a5b6ddd09757b251"><enum>(1)</enum><text>by striking
<quote>Director of Central Intelligence</quote> and inserting <quote>Director
of National Intelligence</quote>;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="ID8859030621c140aa96bd17b2516bba02"><enum>(2)</enum><text>by inserting
<quote>, Armed Services,</quote> after <quote>Foreign Relations</quote>;
and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="ID95046f4eb7cd4400953fd471d9e88511"><enum>(3)</enum><text>by striking
<quote>Committee on International Relations</quote> and inserting
<quote>Committees on Foreign Affairs and Armed Services</quote>.</text>
</paragraph></section><section id="IDff3427a5d0664ae8b43ab0c65b5d1c48"><enum>325.</enum><header>Consolidation
of reports on non-proliferation in South Asia</header>
<subsection id="ID1bc2177eefd04366ad62d0dab0f4b31c"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>Section 620F(c) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22
U.S.C. 2376(c)) is amended by adding at the end the following: <quote>Such
report shall also include a description of the efforts of the United States
Government to achieve the objectives described in subsections (a) and (b) of
section 1601 of the Foreign Relations Authorization Act, Fiscal Year 2003
(Public Law 107–228; 116 Stat. 1459), the progress made toward achieving such
objectives, and the likelihood that such objectives will be achieved within the
year following the reporting period.</quote>.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="IDc9c7b4fa1ce1433aa4af1f016f58ce90"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Elimination of
duplicative reporting requirements</header><text>Section 1601 of the Foreign
Relations Authorization Act, Fiscal Year 2003 (Public Law 107–228; 116 Stat.
1459) is amended—</text>
<paragraph id="IDb1095255431c444a97ee5118b79924bf"><enum>(1)</enum><text>in subsection
(a), by striking <quote>by September 30, 2003</quote>;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="ID7fe504cdfc924b3a895ccfdb0fc7ea13"><enum>(2)</enum><text>in subsection
(b), by striking <quote>not later than September 30, 2003</quote>; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="IDe4dc2a61a2d44ab4b0f16aee6689f331"><enum>(3)</enum><text>by striking
subsection (c).</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section id="ID109848912bc145c08259a4cfbe180a05"><enum>326.</enum><header>Repeal of
annual report on Russian debt reduction for nonproliferation</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">Section 1321 of the Foreign Relations
Authorization Act, Fiscal Year 2003 (Public Law 107–228; 22 U.S.C. 5952 note),
is hereby repealed.</text>
</section><section id="IDe8a27b75ee4347148e8867060bf1820d"><enum>327.</enum><header>Annual
assessments of nonproliferation and disarmament fund projects</header>
<subsection id="IDae11c1e8ceb24df9b8d48c5bb07309d3"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>No later than September 1, 2009, and annually thereafter
for the following two years, the Comptroller General of the United States shall
submit to the Committee on Foreign Relations and the Committee on
Appropriations in the Senate and the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the
Committee on Appropriations in the House of Representatives an assessment of
projects and project proposals carried out under the Nonproliferation and
Disarmament Fund (hereinafter, “NDF”) authorized under section 504 of the
FREEDOM Support Act (Public Law 102–511; 22 U.S.C. 5854). The first such
assessment shall apply to projects approved to be carried out during the
previous 5 calendar years, and to project proposals not carried out by the NDF
that were submitted to it between January 1, 2004, and December 31, 2007. Each
subsequent assessment shall cover projects approved to be carried out by the
NDF during the previous calendar year.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="ID9107c2f42b3246a093659ffd8c046c70"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Content</header><text>The
first such assessment under subsection (a) shall include—</text>
<paragraph id="IDed785a1f659a47e6bbe52220b4c62ece"><enum>(1)</enum><text>An examination of
each project proposal, including—</text>
<subparagraph id="ID026095caa8de4023b4d42a9e6bf4f14c"><enum>(A)</enum><text>the purpose of
such proposal;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="ID21284180f7734ed3945d29b251a3c0fa"><enum>(B)</enum><text>the name of the
requesting Federal agency or drafting office;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="ID3e955ab4ade444db95314a6b6cd7b4a7"><enum>(C)</enum><text>the reason or
reasons why the Federal agency or drafting office requesting that the NDF carry
out such proposed project was not able to undertake such project;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="ID325b8f76d99e46aa96e3a588363d1171"><enum>(D)</enum><text>a statement as to
whether such project proposal was—</text>
<clause id="ID144235deb090469fb64c1a379639cdff"><enum>(i)</enum><text>fully
funded;</text>
</clause><clause id="IDf3b2bedc77ca47a1812566468890f0bf"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>funded at a
different amount than the Federal agency or drafting office submitting such
proposal requested;</text>
</clause><clause id="ID7cffe49dc949497a9bff3a246e991be0"><enum>(iii)</enum><text>deferred
(including the reason why such proposal was deferred); or</text>
</clause><clause id="ID56c379b3aa9440df9327be5c1c715d51"><enum>(iv)</enum><text>not funded
(including the reason or reasons why such proposal was not funded).</text>
</clause></subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="ID90c207d1f767473381e39580bd51107d"><enum>(2)</enum><text>An examination of
each project approved to be carried out under the NDF, including the
information required under subparagraphs (A), (B), and (C) of paragraph (1)
and—</text>
<subparagraph id="ID240e9c546f33487998fd9319bdf8fd00"><enum>(A)</enum><text>the date on which
the project was approved;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="ID8077999f15e7454fb02b0c8c0f16d95d"><enum>(B)</enum><text>an assessment of
whether the approved project included a schedule for completion;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="IDa97caf83909e40eaad91a7aa6b29ced6"><enum>(C)</enum><text>a review of the
contract for the project, including whether the contract is consistent, or, for
those projects with respect to which NDF notwithstanding authorities were used,
would have been consistent, with the Federal Acquisition Regulations;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="ID110a4b85af3548239e6ab1114516f1c6"><enum>(D)</enum><text>an examination,
in consultation with the Office of the Legal Adviser in the Department of
State, of whether and to what extent it was necessary to rely on NDF
notwithstanding authorities to carry out such project;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="ID704d7f27426b42278f0fce6715cf0a95"><enum>(E)</enum><text>if the contract
for the project involves design, construction, or acquisition of equipment, a
listing of the private entities associated with such activities;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="IDbafe526defec4d2fb623ca741beaff41"><enum>(F)</enum><text>an estimate of
whether the project can be completed within the funding amounts previously
notified to Congress;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="ID00a12171c1554a69a7530e7e0435d8f7"><enum>(G)</enum><text>the name of any
international organization receiving funds from the NDF and the purposes for
which such funds are being made available to that organization; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="ID380bc1ecd141452980716a9eb34d57a8"><enum>(H)</enum><text>the office that
serves as the executive agent for such project.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="ID5efa61d532a74910bcdfda752d7d0f23"><enum>(3)</enum><text>A summary of all
funds that have been de-obligated for any NDF project previously notified to
Congress.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="IDda7161a43ad14c4d91c1fa30dc5dda60"><enum>(4)</enum><text>An examination of
any funds previously notified to Congress that will not be expended on the
originally notified project, and an assessment of the reasons why the amounts
notified to Congress were not expended on that project, including whether such
project was completed, withdrawn, or the funds were otherwise no longer
needed.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="ID9be1ea17d852495f9f098f62918516f9"><enum>(5)</enum><text>A summary of the
unobligated and obligated balances of the NDF.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="IDdbbffc29fa084928874551def863fdf8"><enum>(6)</enum><text>An assessment,
for those projects carried out by the NDF, of the extent to which the Federal
agency or drafting office effectively coordinated draft project proposals with
all Federal agencies with applicable policy responsibilities.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="IDe642301d55fb48b7a22ceadfdbe1de1a"><enum>(7)</enum><text>A review of NDF
project implementation and mission management, including the following:</text>
<subparagraph id="ID97b82639ea76463598f944e87eca2898"><enum>(A)</enum><text>The roles and
functions with respect to NDF project implementation and mission management of
each of the following NDF officers:</text>
<clause id="IDe67ace61ed074490941425ca7013815d"><enum>(i)</enum><text>The
Director.</text>
</clause><clause id="ID46d3c0b466bc4144a6c0e477ffe04565"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>The Deputy
Director.</text>
</clause><clause id="IDb2dc5e61e81740b498223460277b4201"><enum>(iii)</enum><text>The
Comptroller.</text>
</clause><clause id="ID9ffc284cccfd4261b844e39eb20e0b3c"><enum>(iv)</enum><text>NDF Policy
Officers.</text>
</clause><clause id="ID3eee4122285948d0bfb0ae5083454113"><enum>(v)</enum><text>NDF
Negotiators.</text>
</clause><clause id="ID862dca2b3f0e4730b7b13482d8cb9231"><enum>(vi)</enum><text>The Executive
Secretary.</text>
</clause><clause id="IDc1e3792c955e48f4b15921c66670bd25"><enum>(vii)</enum><text>The Chief of
Operations.</text>
</clause><clause id="IDcf5e2f8a9fdd41c7b192cb0a2dc2bf62"><enum>(viii)</enum><text>Program
managers.</text>
</clause><clause id="IDdda8d32c194e4cfb866beaa9b6338113"><enum>(ix)</enum><text>Contract
administrators.</text>
</clause><clause id="ID006a45f2170a4397a2a01dfae1a3b93f"><enum>(x)</enum><text>Project support
specialists.</text>
</clause><clause id="ID65c6aeaf6a5541cebcc57001f539d621"><enum>(xi)</enum><text>Financial
Specialists.</text>
</clause></subparagraph><subparagraph id="ID9d8146e1a32742be842facca5ca8c684"><enum>(B)</enum><text>The extent to
which any of the positions set forth in subparagraph (A) rely on or are
performed by private entities.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="IDacd15c2c0bbd4b04a1afa09709fe9736"><enum>(C)</enum><text>The extent to
which accounting and fund control programs and offices of the Department of
State, including the NDF Comptroller, have the necessary information technology
and oversight tools to ensure that NDF funds are used in an efficient and
accountable manner.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="IDc14ef4aea0b94ab68d8e46e9a2858e0c"><enum>(D)</enum><text>Whether NDF has
adequate internal audit capabilities.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="ID7d844cb7c140418a820fb5d26483d9f3"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Subsequent
assessments</header><text>Each subsequent assessment under subsection (a) shall
include only the matters addressed under paragraphs (2), (3), (4), (5), and (6)
of subsection (b).</text>
</subsection></section><section id="id267AA49D5F37443E8F38E32671398170"><enum>328.</enum><header>Reports on
2010 Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty Review Conference</header>
<subsection id="id108C7B8CB6D04CD3B8F2B7BB4D42D978"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Report on
comprehensive objectives, strategy, and policies</header>
<paragraph commented="no" id="idCB1054BA03FA4797BD5AFEB49F8E0963"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>Not later than October 31, 2009, the President shall
submit to Congress a report, in classified and unclassified forms, that details
the comprehensive objectives, strategy, and policies of the United States
regarding the 2010 Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty Review Conference.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="idF240B875D2224F67A2BCF3381232A902"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Content</header><text>The
report required under paragraph (1) shall describe—</text>
<subparagraph id="ID19f6fddda2e44ca6bf9ac47e1e7598e3"><enum>(A)</enum><text>overall changes
or revisions to the international nuclear nonproliferation framework, including
the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty, that may be needed to realize a more
robust and effective global nuclear nonproliferation system;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="IDc818c3efe1154914aab1456e32cfd06a"><enum>(B)</enum><text>the spread of
sensitive nuclear technologies, in particular uranium enrichment and nuclear
fuel reprocessing;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="ID8a6c5d04401e42bfb62dc1a700784a97"><enum>(C)</enum><text>country-specific
nuclear proliferation concerns;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="ID780de8e0ecc54448a11d77c2296ed5fe"><enum>(D)</enum><text>efforts to uphold
Article IV commitments on peaceful nuclear use, including the establishment of
a nuclear fuel bank or authority;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="IDa59038d779724858b5b13d45d0d56ad8"><enum>(E)</enum><text>accelerated
implementation of obligations and commitments under the Nuclear
Non-Proliferation Treaty or pursuant to resolutions supported by the United
States and adopted at previous Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty Review
Conferences for the purpose of reducing the world's stockpiles of nuclear
weapons and weapons-grade fissile material;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="IDcb6dd7627bc4485f90a4dd1b721c34f7"><enum>(F)</enum><text>nuclear and other
nonproliferation initiatives such as the Proliferation Security
Initiative;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="ID38634a80aed743ed8cdbf14a1fc862de"><enum>(G)</enum><text>the United States
assessment of the objectives and strategies of other states with regard to the
2010 Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty Review Conference, including the Nuclear
Weapons States under the Treaty, members of the Nuclear Suppliers Group, and
leading States Parties associated with the Non-Aligned Movement; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="ID1e9e6fd338554f749bf09fc288e7f831"><enum>(H)</enum><text>the United States
diplomatic strategy leading up to the Conference to build and strengthen the
international consensus regarding United States objectives.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="ID8d50283bd4e64ceeb702ae598cc44e4e"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Report on
outcomes of conference</header>
<paragraph id="id7E8195BC79CE41B9A1404DC438063F80"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>Not later than 60 days after the conclusion of the 2010
Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty Review Conference, the President shall submit
to Congress a report, in classified and unclassified forms, regarding the
outcomes of the Conference.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="idB59827042AA54FBFBD58541E4B42A78F"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Content</header><text>The
report required under paragraph (1) shall provide an assessment of the overall
outcome of the Conference as well as United States consultations and
negotiations and outcomes regarding the items listed in subsection
(a)(2).</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section></subtitle><enum>IV</enum><header>Nuclear
Safeguards and Supply</header>
<section id="id1D34FDB2F42D47E2BF3EDC3D175C6171" section-type="subsequent-section"><enum>401.</enum><header>Short
title</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">This title may be cited
as the <quote><short-title>Nuclear Safeguards and Supply
Act of 2008</short-title></quote>.</text>
</section><section id="idF1DFAEBF51004CF8BF43A9F2B7B237D2"><enum>402.</enum><header>Appropriate
congressional committees defined</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">In this title, the term <term>appropriate
congressional committees</term> means the Committee on Foreign Relations of the
Senate and the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of
Representatives.</text>
</section><subtitle id="id7DEB46C6398849C78CECF0AD5C50DF22"><enum>A</enum><header>Nuclear
safeguards and nuclear fuel supply</header>
<section id="id940FA88B1E1A4FA2A665A3D945CAFA4B"><enum>411.</enum><header>Findings</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">Congress makes the following
findings:</text>
<paragraph id="IDae9242ca9e7d4117a18e521698a88390"><enum>(1)</enum><text>The Nuclear
Non-Proliferation Treaty and the safeguards system of the International Atomic
Energy Agency (IAEA) are indispensable to international peace and
security.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="ID619ea74100074fa8881784e7adf027df"><enum>(2)</enum><text>Congress has long
supported efforts aimed at effective and efficient assurances of nuclear fuel
supply, the strengthening of IAEA safeguards, and assistance to the developing
world for nuclear and non-nuclear energy sources, as embodied in the Nuclear
Non-Proliferation Act of 1978 (22 U.S.C. 3201 et seq.).</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="ID63445962292d42d796263e7c56456ca6"><enum>(3)</enum><text>The February 22,
2005, Report of the IAEA Experts Group on Multilateral Approaches to the
Nuclear Fuel Cycle found that, in addition to increased verification activities
in various nations such as Iran, another factor contributing to significant and
troubling demands on the IAEA safeguards system was that <quote>the civilian
nuclear industry appears to be poised for worldwide expansion</quote> and that
<quote>[r]apidly growing global demand for electricity, the uncertainty of
supply and price of natural gas, soaring prices for oil, concerns about air
pollution and the immense challenge of lowering greenhouse gas emissions, are
all forcing a fresh look at nuclear power. As the technical and organizational
foundations of nuclear safety improve, there is increasing confidence in the
safety of nuclear power plants. In light of existing, new and reawakened
interest in many regions of the world, the prospect of new nuclear power
stations on a large scale is therefore real. A greater number of States will
consider developing their own fuel cycle facilities and nuclear know-how, and
will seek assurances of supply in materials, services and
technologies.</quote></text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="ID14eb732d727748d1ae66ca6d38da3670"><enum>(4)</enum><text>The same report
also found, <quote>Two primary deciding factors dominate all assessments of
multilateral nuclear approaches namely <quote>Assurance of
non-proliferation</quote> and <quote>Assurance of supply and services</quote>.
Both are recognised overall objectives for governments and for the NPT
community. In practice, each of these two objectives can seldom be achieved
fully on its own. History has shown that it is even more difficult to find an
optimum arrangement that will satisfy both objectives at the same time. As a
matter of fact, multilateral approaches could be a way to satisfy both
objectives.</quote></text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="ID565cebfd3e3f4987a08c159414066740"><enum>(5)</enum><text>The same report
also found, <quote>The non-proliferation value of a multilateral arrangement is
measured by the various proliferation risks associated with a nuclear facility,
whether national or multilateral. These risks include the diversion of
materials from [a multilateral nuclear approach or MNA] (reduced through the
presence of a multinational team), the theft of fissile materials, the
diffusion of proscribed or sensitive technologies from MNAs to unauthorized
entities, the development of clandestine parallel programmes and the breakout
scenario. The latter refers to the case of the host country <quote>breaking
out</quote>, for example, by expelling multinational staff, withdrawing from
the NPT (and thereby terminating its safeguards agreement), and operating the
multilateral facility without international control.</quote></text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="IDc0cd49ca975a4d9ba29c0d69fd60b80c"><enum>(6)</enum><text>The 2004 Report
of the United Nations Secretary-General's High-Level Panel on Threats,
Challenges and Change found that creating incentives for countries to forego
the development of domestic uranium enrichment and reprocessing facilities is
essential, and that such suggestions, if implemented swiftly and firmly, offer
a real chance to reduce the risk of a nuclear attack, whether by states or
non-state actors, and that such proposals <quote>should be put into effect
without delay</quote>.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="IDe99d1d86ba9347149b2d3eff131ec4f9"><enum>(7)</enum><text>On February 11,
2004, President George W. Bush stated, <quote>The world's leading nuclear
exporters should ensure that states have reliable access at reasonable cost to
fuel for civilian reactors, so long as those states renounce enrichment and
reprocessing. Enrichment and reprocessing are not necessary for nations seeking
to harness nuclear energy for peaceful purposes.</quote></text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="ID9308f2a9eb1840f6b8c5ce16e45d89c7"><enum>(8)</enum><text>According to some
experts, global energy demand will grow by 50 percent in the next 20 years,
predominantly in the developing world.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="ID4d9f1e61fbe342bba7cfc0923bea50e5"><enum>(9)</enum><text>Nuclear power may
play an increasing role in electricity supply to both the developed and the
developing world over the next several decades.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="ID9415aeff076d47408c7435f5df243a3b"><enum>(10)</enum><text>The Government
Accountability Office (GAO) stated in testimony before Congress in September
2006 that a significant factor limiting the effectiveness of the current IAEA
safeguards system is that <quote>more than half, or 111 out of 189, of the NPT
signatories have not yet brought the Additional Protocol into force, including
the United States</quote>.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="IDabe3adab8b1644d4bc86effa97af4b08"><enum>(11)</enum><text>The GAO also
testified that an additional <quote>weakness in implementing strengthened
safeguards is that safeguards are significantly limited or not applied in about
60 percent, or 112 out of 189, of the NPT signatory countries—either because
they have an agreement (known as a small quantities protocol) with IAEA, and
are not subject to most safeguards measures, or because they have not concluded
a comprehensive safeguards agreement with IAEA</quote>.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="IDd579451b20c3429c9b06aa6bf67e3fdd"><enum>(12)</enum><text>The GAO also
testified that <quote>while IAEA is increasingly relying on the analytical
skills of its staff to detect countries’ undeclared nuclear activities, the
agency is facing a looming human capital crisis. In the next 5 years, IAEA will
experience a large turnover of senior safeguards inspectors and high-level
management officials. Delays in filling critical safeguards positions limit
IAEA’s ability to implement strengthened safeguards.</quote></text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="ID6dc1173761ae47529d3913adbd126802"><enum>(13)</enum><text>Outdated and
unnecessary staff restrictions have prevented the IAEA from maintaining and
equipping a well-trained cadre of professional staff at the IAEA’s Safeguards
Analytical Laboratory (SAL), located at Seibersdorf, Austria.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="ID7f16a0900746479583253b272bede322"><enum>(14)</enum><text>A goal of the
Department of State’s budget request for fiscal year 2007 for United States
voluntary contributions to the IAEA was <quote>[s]trengthening quality control
and sensitivity of analyses by the Safeguards Analytical Laboratory (SAL) and
the Network of Analytical Laboratories, and reviewing needs for possible
refurbishment or replacement of SAL</quote>.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="IDf963555f0ce841ebb02346b7388ebd63"><enum>(15)</enum><text>Considerable
investment is needed for SAL to meet future IAEA requirements as its workload
is growing, the laboratory’s infrastructure is aging, and IAEA requirements
have become more demanding, and while initial plans have been made for
laboratory enhancement and are currently pending budgetary approval (sometime
in 2009), the simple fact is that, as more countries implement IAEA safeguards,
many more nuclear samples come to SAL for analysis.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="IDfb43994a6d934ca9ab3b7d93bfe6cf7c"><enum>(16)</enum><text>Any proposals
for the creation of bilateral or multilateral assurances of supply mechanisms
must take into account, and be achieved in a manner that minimizes, the risk of
nuclear proliferation or regional arms races and maximizes adherence to
international nonproliferation regimes, including, in particular, the
Guidelines of the Nuclear Suppliers Group (NSG), and the IAEA Additional
Protocol.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="ID0e13d1c31e2f4ff58268a572165b545a"><enum>(17)</enum><text>Any proposal to
create an assurance of supply mechanism in or with a certain country or group
of countries should not result in decreased emphasis on existing nuclear
safeguards verification efforts and compliance challenges.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="IDb05db06287ea45ea8f2297fbb5bcecf4"><enum>(18)</enum><text>The existing
funding, planning, and execution of IAEA safeguards is not sufficient to meet
the predicted growth in the future of civilian nuclear power, and therefore any
growth in civilian nuclear power must be evaluated against the challenges it
poses to verification of the assurances of peace and security provided by the
IAEA safeguards system.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="ID04b99bf5465d4643aca03d345c4ac439"><enum>(19)</enum><text>The existing
IAEA safeguards system, and the Additional Protocol and the Guidelines of the
NSG, represent the current, minimum standards for controlling access to and
trade in civilian nuclear technology and should continue to be improved,
expanded, and strengthened.</text>
</paragraph></section><section id="idA1D4A785DA464D58A6493B52F1102967"><enum>412.</enum><header>Declaration of
policy</header>
<subsection id="idA988584534964A78874A83DAB08CD3BB"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Continuation of
existing policy</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">It shall
remain the policy of the United States—</text>
<paragraph id="ID850d0fba3e7140ff82059f0f9e9ccd97"><enum>(1)</enum><text>to create
mechanisms to provide adequate supplies of nuclear fuel consistent with the
provisions of the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Act of 1978 (22 U.S.C. 3201 et
seq.), in particular title I of such Act (22 U.S.C. 3221 et seq.);</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="ID08173dce076c4da680be74495faed2cb"><enum>(2)</enum><text>to strengthen the
IAEA safeguards system consistent with the provisions of the Nuclear
Non-Proliferation Act of 1978 (22 U.S.C. 3201 et seq.), in particular title II
of such Act (22 U.S.C. 3241 et seq.); and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="ID96a271c942b548efb04fefbf35e05948"><enum>(3)</enum><text>to cooperate with
other nations, international institutions, and private organizations to assist
in the development of non-nuclear energy resources under title V of the Nuclear
Non-Proliferation Act of 1978 (22 U.S.C. 3261 et seq.).</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="ID4449b4b323414f958039ed29c6579fb3"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Declaration of
new policy</header><text>It shall be the policy of the United States to
discourage the development of enrichment and reprocessing capabilities in
additional countries, encourage the creation of bilateral and multilateral
assurances of nuclear fuel supply, and ensure that all supply mechanisms
operate in strict accordance with the IAEA safeguards system and do not result
in any additional unmet verification burdens for the system.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="id3AFD4958ABFE4A2DB80C273B29B24E57"><enum>413.</enum><header>Safeguards
Analytical Laboratory</header>
<subsection id="id5B99D8910CF0404D80357A0D932502CD"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Authorization
of appropriations</header><text>In addition to the amount requested by the
President for United States Voluntary Contributions to the IAEA for Fiscal Year
2009, an additional $10,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated under this Act
for the refurbishment or possible replacement of the IAEA Safeguards Analytical
Laboratory.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="id4F75FA1B7FAE471A897FB0BD8AE91010"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Report</header><text>Not
later than 180 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary
of State shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a report on
the refurbishment or possible replacement of the IAEA Safeguards Analytical
Laboratory pursuant to subsection (a).</text>
</subsection></section><section id="idD4E795A629324AFD9A27F8F1A1E5A8B8"><enum>414.</enum><header>Safeguards
technology development program</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">The Secretary of State is authorized, in
cooperation with the Secretary of Energy and the Directors of the National
Laboratories and in consultation with the Secretary of Defense and the Director
of National Intelligence, to pursue a program—</text>
<paragraph id="IDf74f2087b5974dfbba14e36255fc74b4"><enum>(1)</enum><text>to strengthen
technical safeguards research and development;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="IDd92ea192d5e4465dba53a2c911783cc9"><enum>(2)</enum><text>to increase
resources, identify near-term technology goals, formulate a technology roadmap,
and improve interagency coordination on safeguards technology; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="ID46fa2826c66b4db082049ffceb05b31e"><enum>(3)</enum><text>to examine
proliferation resistance in design and development of all future nuclear energy
systems.</text>
</paragraph></section><section id="IDf8e5d9430d48405bbaea99b767ae0883"><enum>415.</enum><header>Safeguards
Cadre Program</header>
<subsection id="ID48b5d788c3fe4174a017409f1ff42dfd"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>The Secretary of State, in cooperation with the Secretary
of Energy and the Directors of the United States Department of Energy National
Laboratories and Technology Centers (in this title referred to as the
<quote>Directors of the National Laboratories</quote>), is authorized to
develop, in accordance with section 3343 of title 5, United States Code, a
program to create a dedicated cadre of professionals assigned to the task of
promoting, strengthening, and providing technical assistance to the IAEA
safeguards system.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="ID1a0027ec5d2547a2b7d188f004c8a47f"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Content</header><text>The
program authorized under subsection (a) shall ensure that—</text>
<paragraph id="IDe82e26d7576a4c37af030055a919a74f"><enum>(1)</enum><text>necessary
incentives are in place to ensure that any United States persons serving within
the IAEA are not professionally disadvantaged by such service when returning to
the Federal workforce;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="IDc93140cfecd642d9b3ffe4c2a0e67998"><enum>(2)</enum><text>high priority is
placed on safeguards positions within the IAEA by the United States;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="ID3a49582f727a486286e467ffea98132b"><enum>(3)</enum><text>budget authority
is provided to train and retain those personnel designated to be a part of the
safeguards cadre program; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="ID5aef1447c9f5427db093a58e6feadd64"><enum>(4)</enum><text>safeguards
professionals retain appropriate security clearances during any work they
undertake while serving in the IAEA safeguards system.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section></subtitle><subtitle id="idDF72DFC7C65D460CAE2C88D75309C775"><enum>B</enum><header>Nuclear fuel
supply</header>
<section id="id2E1BA87727AF497B841142192B3BD4AA"><enum>421.</enum><header>Authority for
bilateral and multilateral nuclear fuel supply mechanisms</header>
<subsection id="idDB3BCDB5F4F445BB9C03BD0674F1CE66"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>The President is authorized to create, consistent with
title I of the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Act of 1978 (22 U.S.C. 3221 et seq.),
and other applicable provisions of law, bilateral and multilateral mechanisms
to provide a reliable supply of nuclear fuel to those countries and groups of
countries that adhere to policies designed to prevent the proliferation of
nuclear weapons and that decide to forgo a national uranium enrichment program
and spent nuclear fuel reprocessing facilities.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="idA28A6B780698440680E31731EC16204B"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Purpose of
mechanisms</header><text>The mechanisms authorized under subsection (a) shall,
to the maximum extent practicable, take into account the following:</text>
<paragraph id="IDbf7de03bd4534e45b47e93596ab7d083"><enum>(1)</enum><text>The economic
rationale for a country or countries pursuing nuclear power, including existing
sources of power for such country or countries.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="ID2d2b4bdca4e74591bdc011f368f06333"><enum>(2)</enum><text>Whether such
country or countries are in compliance with their obligations under applicable
safeguards agreements and additional protocols with the IAEA.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="ID58f75017b24d49bd92724af7eddb1f9c"><enum>(3)</enum><text>Whether or not
the development in such country or countries of the complete nuclear fuel cycle
would impose new, costly IAEA safeguards measures that cannot be supported by
current IAEA safeguards implementation in such country or countries, such that
there is a reasonable assurance that all nuclear materials in such country or
countries are for peaceful purposes and that there are no undeclared nuclear
materials or activities in such country or countries.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="ID4829cafc22014bd7ab2d7d21693a5207"><enum>(4)</enum><text>An evaluation of
the proliferation dangers of such country or countries developing nuclear fuel
cycle facilities for the production and disposition of source and special
nuclear materials.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="ID4fd2e019b0d5452690635815ab9cc552"><enum>(5)</enum><text>Whether or not
the country or countries that would be recipients of nuclear fuel or other
assistance provided by the United States are or have ever been designated as
state sponsors of terrorism pursuant to section 620A of the Foreign Assistance
Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2371), section 40 of the Arms Export Control Act (22
U.S.C. 2780), or section 6(j) of the Export Administration Act (50 U.S.C. App.
2405(j)).</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="ID51342d47ccb247ec8b28793a5604675b"><enum>(6)</enum><text>If done under a
bilateral supply mechanism, whether IAEA safeguards are being applied or will
be applied to any facility, site, or location where international nuclear fuel
supply activities are to be carried out.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="ID4fbe6d19855a43548de91c9efd73a5d2"><enum>(7)</enum><text>Whether, in the
case of a multilateral supply mechanism, procedures are in place to ensure that
when United States funds are used or when United States nuclear materials are
to be used, exported, or reexported, all applicable provisions of United States
law are followed.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="ID3fc89076183d49909326dfa5df129e26"><enum>(8)</enum><text>Whether the
recipient country or countries of any fuel provided under this Act are or will
become a party, prior to the commencement of any nuclear fuel supply under this
Act, to—</text>
<subparagraph id="ID963157052468448794c6a6b9e7c84901"><enum>(A)</enum><text>the Nuclear
Non-Proliferation Treaty;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="idF25D699F087646819F95B1DAF31F8668"><enum>(B)</enum><text>in the case of a
non-nuclear-weapon State Party to the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty, a
comprehensive safeguards agreement that is in force, pursuant to which the IAEA
has the right and obligation to ensure that safeguards are applied, in
accordance with the terms of the agreement, on all source or special
fissionable material in all peaceful nuclear activities within the territory of
such country, under its jurisdiction, or carried out under its control
anywhere, for the exclusive purpose of verifying that such material is not
diverted to nuclear weapons or other nuclear explosive devices;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="ID7252c0bba15343eaaabe619ec4981e54"><enum>(C)</enum><text>an additional
protocol;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="ID71f780628d0f489eb9bf21826bfab59f"><enum>(D)</enum><text>the Convention on
Nuclear Safety, done at Vienna September 20, 1994, and entered into force
October 24, 1996;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="ID04704dec61b747f38261a64615852139"><enum>(E)</enum><text>the Convention on
Physical Protection of Nuclear Materials, done at Vienna October 26, 1979, and
entered into force February 8, 1987; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="IDa94f72f7aa304822b7e6a8bbbfbbad44"><enum>(F)</enum><text>the Convention on
Supplementary Compensation for Nuclear Damage, done at Vienna September 12,
1997.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="IDf401d54b5d8e4ef488e1a3c5ccee8681"><enum>(9)</enum><text>The extent to
which the recipient country or countries have or will have prior to the
commencement of any nuclear fuel supply under this Act effective and
enforceable export controls regarding nuclear and dual-use nuclear technology
and other sensitive materials comparable to those maintained by the United
States.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="ID705f1b0bd1af436baf2869edcfc7b041"><enum>(10)</enum><text>The conformity
of the safety and regulatory regimes in the recipient country or countries
regarding the nuclear power sector with similar United States laws and
regulations.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="ID802dd778e79443a9906841aa5a0eab26"><enum>(11)</enum><text>The history of
safety or environmental problems associated with any nuclear site, facility, or
location in the recipient country or countries in the past, and the potential
for future safety or environmental problems or issues in connection with the
civilian nuclear power development plan of the country or countries.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="ID9838b40696084105929477c1fb2f0df7"><enum>(12)</enum><text>Whether the
recipient country or countries have resident within them any persons or
entities involved in the illicit trafficking of nuclear weapons, nuclear
materials, or dual-use nuclear technology.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="ID8e3ef4a4e86949e29a2b998fad28d73f"><enum>(13)</enum><text>Whether the
recipient country or countries have or will have sufficiently open and
transparent civilian power markets such that United States firms may benefit
from any such bilateral or multilateral supply mechanisms.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="id601CD62313014119BEB420373FF7B77C"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Rule of
construction</header><text>Nothing in this Act shall be construed to provide
any authority with respect to bilateral cooperation with another country or
countries or any international organization or organizations in atomic energy
that is additional to the authority provided under the Atomic Energy Act of
1954 (42 U.S.C. 2011 et seq.) and all other applicable laws and regulations in
effect on the date of the enactment of this Act.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="id2B744F4038604DFC8B87A0CBD3B16D47"><enum>422.</enum><header>Report on the
establishment of an international fuel authority</header>
<subsection id="idA84A123108744277804414034DD70A42"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Report
required</header><text>Not later than 180 days after the date of enactment of
this Act, the President shall submit to the appropriate congressional
committees a report detailing the feasibility of establishing an International
Nuclear Fuel Authority (INFA) as called for in section 104 (a)(1) of the
Nuclear Non-Proliferation Act of 1978 (22 U.S.C. 3223(a)(1)).</text>
</subsection><subsection id="idE511038ED915434F976174835B4B642E"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Content</header><text>Without
regard to any previous reports submitted under section 104 (a)(1) of the
Nuclear Non-Proliferation Act of 1978 (22 U.S.C. 3223), the report required
under subsection (a) shall evaluate, with respect to the feasibility of the
establishment of the International Nuclear Fuel Authority, the
following:</text>
<paragraph id="ID4a445e21c00f4608a66fa659ea8af42d"><enum>(1)</enum><text>United States
laws and regulations that could be affected by the establishment of an
INFA.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="IDfbc2b2d6361f4d69a9cf411c6429ad44"><enum>(2)</enum><text>What the cost to
the United States Government could be of establishing an INFA.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="IDe45fe60ac8884b97bdc300c938ae8e7f"><enum>(3)</enum><text>Potential
locations for the INFA.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="IDfb958b48a45e490781ab1f6588363195"><enum>(4)</enum><text>The potential for
creating a fuel supply bank under the control of the INFA.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="ID29a2c0e64d0441b4a060805d30e6e288"><enum>(5)</enum><text>Nuclear materials
that should be placed within the control of the INFA, including which nuclear
activities should be carried out by the INFA for the production of nuclear fuel
or for use as fuel.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="ID4366a9da1c60477598b982ee3f0abd5e"><enum>(6)</enum><text>Whether the INFA
should provide nuclear fuel services to recipient countries.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="ID39b645a5a2a5454baec3751d35a6a7ce"><enum>(7)</enum><text>Whether a
multilateral supply mechanism, such as the INFA, is, in the judgment of the
President, superior to bilateral mechanism for nuclear fuel supply.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="IDea2383e017e9459c81ef4955316c3bcc"><enum>(8)</enum><text>How such an
international organization should operate to preserve freedom of markets in
nuclear fuel and avoid undue interference in the efficient operation of the
international nuclear fuel market.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="ID505c0e32fdf64ceeb7b2b9f594553da3"><enum>(9)</enum><text>The degree and
extent to which such a multilateral supply mechanism should be under the
control of, or a subordinate organization within, the IAEA, including whether
establishing such an INFA would be superior or preferable to allowing the IAEA,
pursuant to Article IX of the Statute of the IAEA, to become an international
broker of nuclear fuel and nuclear fuel services, including with respect to an
examination of the costs to IAEA Member States of effectively carrying out
clauses (1) through (4) of paragraph (H) of such Article.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="IDdcf746b23149425ea10b78db80469934"><enum>(10)</enum><text>The likely
receptivity of the major countries involved in the supply of nuclear fuel and
nuclear services to the creation of a multilateral supply mechanism such as the
INFA or one under the IAEA.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section id="id58595414DC0C4F60A24A1FBAE6EB382E"><enum>423.</enum><header>Sense of the
Senate on IAEA fuel supply</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">It
is the sense of the Senate that—</text>
<paragraph id="IDe520bb429ac34f5bb62e2c82480ec5de"><enum>(1)</enum><text>consistent with
the long-standing support provided by Congress for the nuclear verification and
technical cooperation projects of the IAEA, and with a view toward effective
verification of safeguards and a desire to ensure that the expansion of nuclear
power remains only for peaceful purposes, the United States should support,
either in annual voluntary and off-budget contributions to the IAEA, or in the
provision of nuclear fuel to the IAEA, a nuclear fuel bank within the
IAEA;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="IDb37553ef4be64e069235780ed4645659"><enum>(2)</enum><text>the Senate
commends the President for the September 26, 2005, announcement at the 49th
Session of the General Conference of the IAEA that the United States will
reserve up to 17 metric tons of highly enriched uranium for an IAEA verifiable
assured supply arrangement;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="ID219125a7cce84297bff58f10b856e52f"><enum>(3)</enum><text>the Senate
commends the efforts of the Nuclear Threat Initiative (NTI) to contribute
$50,000,000 to the IAEA to help create a low enriched uranium stockpile owned
and managed by the IAEA; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="ID27df9ac6936d40c0b0b6263b0346965b"><enum>(4)</enum><text>a combination of
public and private efforts, including the provisions of law previously enacted
in the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Act of 1978 (22 U.S.C. 3201 et seq.) and other
applicable laws, initiatives supported by the President, efforts provided for
by private groups, and the recommendations of many relevant studies, such as
those cited in section 101, will be necessary to effectively and flexibly
manage the growth of civilian nuclear power in a manner that does not result in
undue burdens on the IAEA safeguards system.</text>
</paragraph></section></subtitle><enum>V</enum><header>Global Pathogen
Surveillance</header>
<section id="idD5BC6BD099C4407B9097D70DC71E1A6B"><enum>501.</enum><header>Short
title</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">This title may be cited
as the <quote><short-title>Global Pathogen Surveillance
Act of 2008</short-title></quote>.</text>
</section><section id="ID6D9AEF63A2164ACBB5ACFB725DF6AE2F"><enum>502.</enum><header>Findings;
purpose</header>
<subsection id="IDD283B093F14B473C87C25FDFE2591D10"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Findings</header><text>Congress
makes the following findings:</text>
<paragraph id="ID6494DD92C8CE4AC58DB08E89607197FD"><enum>(1)</enum><text>The frequency of
the occurrence of biological events that could threaten the national security
of the United States has increased and is likely increasing. The threat to the
United States from such events includes threats from diseases that infect
humans, animals, or plants regardless of if such diseases are introduced
naturally, accidentally, or intentionally.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="IDBB3252E2BC1D46359401A79AF8556E26"><enum>(2)</enum><text>Bioterrorism
poses a grave national security threat to the United States. The insidious
nature of a bioterrorist attack, the likelihood that the recognition of such an
attack would be delayed, and the underpreparedness of the domestic public
health infrastructure to respond to such an attack could result in catastrophic
consequences following a biological weapons attack against the United
States.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="IDC0BE93D0B9D743F28944DBBB33EF9550"><enum>(3)</enum><text>The ability to
recognize that a country or organization is carrying out a covert biological
weapons programs is dependent on a number of indications and warnings. A
critical component of this recognition is the timely detection of sentinel
events such as community-level outbreaks that could be the earliest indication
of an emerging bioterrorist program in a foreign country. Early detection of
such events may enable earlier counterproliferation intervention.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="ID511D693450B6451B8E0C62E577535448"><enum>(4)</enum><text>A contagious
pathogen engineered as a biological weapon and developed, tested, produced, or
released in a foreign country could quickly spread to the United States.
Considering the realities of international travel, trade, and migration
patterns, a dangerous pathogen appearing naturally, accidentally, or
intentionally anywhere in the world can spread to the United States in a matter
of days, before any effective quarantine or isolation measures could be
implemented.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="ID7CD699D54A6A494B9FD9D5EAA5314BF2"><enum>(5)</enum><text>To combat
bioterrorism effectively and ensure that the United States is fully prepared to
prevent, recognize, and contain a biological weapons attack or emerging
infectious disease, measures to strengthen the domestic public health
infrastructure and improve domestic event detection, surveillance, and
response, while absolutely essential, are not sufficient.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="IDC4E6FE450E554054BDF4EDF13D8F82F7"><enum>(6)</enum><text>The United States
should enhance cooperation with the World Health Organization, regional
international health organizations, and individual countries, including data
sharing with appropriate agencies and departments of the United States, to help
detect and quickly contain infectious disease outbreaks or a bioterrorism agent
before such a disease or agent is spread.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="IDD9E69E9EFEB146CE9CB41E36332C29B2"><enum>(7)</enum><text>The World Health
Organization has done an impressive job in monitoring infectious disease
outbreaks around the world, notably in the April 2000 establishment and
subsequent operation of the Global Outbreak Alert and Response Network.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="ID5F5A99B9FF53409EA160AF0D3370F934"><enum>(8)</enum><text>The capabilities
of the World Health Organization depend on the timeliness and quality of the
data and information the Organization receives from the countries that are
members of the Organization, pursuant to the 2005 revision of the International
Health Regulations. Developing countries, in particular, often lack the
necessary resources to build and maintain effective public health
infrastructures.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="ID1E2013CA3576459FB97510973C137FFD"><enum>(9)</enum><text>Developing
countries could benefit from—</text>
<subparagraph id="ID3B5EA133F6744EF398D9AD6467C4EE00"><enum>(A)</enum><text>better trained
public health professionals and epidemiologists to recognize disease
patterns;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="IDDF9E2A7418EA4E898156AD2F01F19B61"><enum>(B)</enum><text>appropriate
laboratory equipment for diagnosis of pathogens;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="ID4D1DF060D5604624900C92CA32E9126C"><enum>(C)</enum><text>disease reporting
systems that—</text>
<clause id="id9DC961179DA84C8D9E600D2C874EF5B1"><enum>(i)</enum><text>are
based on disease and syndrome surveillance; and</text>
</clause><clause id="id5609B8BADFA24127B6CDC46F894A2A7C"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>could enable an
effective response to a biological event to begin at the earliest possible
opportunity;</text>
</clause></subparagraph><subparagraph id="ID09240E63B4154557AC08A5E9497A060F"><enum>(D)</enum><text>a narrowing of
the existing technology gap in disease and syndrome surveillance capabilities,
based on reported symptoms, and real-time information dissemination to public
health officials; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="ID10f5fc5f168648b0a1f88bed4c5560ca"><enum>(E)</enum><text>appropriate
communications equipment and information technology to efficiently transmit
information and data within national, international regional, and international
health networks, including inexpensive, Internet-based geographic information
systems and relevant telephone-based systems for early recognition and
diagnosis of diseases.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="ID22850E7FB04B40099B4D613B21B6B6A3"><enum>(10)</enum><text>An effective
international capability to detect, monitor, and quickly diagnose infectious
disease outbreaks will offer dividends not only in the event of biological
weapons development, testing, production, and attack, but also in the more
likely cases of naturally occurring infectious disease outbreaks that could
threaten the United States. Furthermore, a robust surveillance system will
serve to deter or contain terrorist use of biological weapons, mitigating the
intended effects of such malevolent uses.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="ID7805DDE336E6456EA5C4587A1BEE9408"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Purposes</header><text>The
purposes of this title are as follows:</text>
<paragraph id="ID2D077484C90A43528C8EF53BE154F06E"><enum>(1)</enum><text>To enhance the
capability of the international community, through international health
organizations and individual countries, to detect, identify, and contain
infectious disease outbreaks, whether the cause of those outbreaks is
intentional human action or natural in origin.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="ID9AB0825D0D6242878FE9A41AFCF21DF5"><enum>(2)</enum><text>To enhance the
training of public health professionals and epidemiologists from eligible
developing countries in advanced Internet-based disease and syndrome
surveillance systems, in addition to traditional epidemiology methods, so that
such professionals and epidemiologists may better detect, diagnose, and contain
infectious disease outbreaks, especially such outbreaks caused by the pathogens
that may be likely to be used in a biological weapons attack.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="IDCF38D743A9B54F45BCF542D06C9F30DC"><enum>(3)</enum><text>To provide
assistance to eligible developing countries to purchase appropriate
communications equipment and information technology to detect, analyze, and
report biological threats, including—</text>
<subparagraph id="id5FD5A1A5CE1242A7B23CB46C7C5FD8BE"><enum>(A)</enum><text>relevant computer
equipment, Internet connectivity mechanisms, and telephone-based applications
to effectively gather, analyze, and transmit public health information for
infectious disease surveillance and diagnosis; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="IDA46586D3109E49BB816E8C9B9F3AF3B8"><enum>(B)</enum><text>appropriate
computer equipment and Internet connectivity mechanisms—</text>
<clause id="id0494E27D1F4A4FEA8CF187B3785EDC7A"><enum>(i)</enum><text>to
facilitate the exchange of Geographic Information Systems-based disease and
syndrome surveillance information; and</text>
</clause><clause id="id7E6B9C97430340798EBBCE715B6932D9"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>to
effectively gather, analyze, and transmit public health information for
infectious disease surveillance and diagnosis.</text>
</clause></subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="ID7EB75158158946B4A8F96B5D2DDC2132"><enum>(4)</enum><text>To make available
greater numbers of public health professionals who are employed by the
Government of the United States to international regional and international
health organizations, international regional and international health networks,
and United States diplomatic missions, as appropriate.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="IDCC98B0F247C140C5B1D05433066C7C29"><enum>(5)</enum><text>To expand the
training and outreach activities of United States laboratories located in
foreign countries, including the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention or
Department of Defense laboratories, to enhance the public health capabilities
of developing countries.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="ID23144AFF5C0A4962AF23CC7F1A97D2A9"><enum>(6)</enum><text>To provide
appropriate technical assistance to existing international regional and
international health networks and, as appropriate, seed money for new
international regional and international networks.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section id="ID0BE6445039E341A2962CC3D65D9BBAD4"><enum>503.</enum><header>Definitions</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">In this title:</text>
<paragraph id="IDAD66D4FBD1CF4E6B9D30E8CCE1AFF43A"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Eligible
developing country</header><text>The term <term>eligible developing
country</term> means any developing country that—</text>
<subparagraph id="IDD7964E3B0B6547068DAA62870058AE8E"><enum>(A)</enum><text>has agreed to the
objective of fully complying with requirements of the World Health Organization
on reporting public health information on outbreaks of infectious
diseases;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="ID2DBFD5203B674B7D9E45D90E75144489"><enum>(B)</enum><text>has not been
determined by the Secretary, for purposes of section 40 of the
<act-name parsable-cite="AECA">Arms Export Control Act</act-name> (22 U.S.C.
2780), section 620A of the <act-name parsable-cite="FAA61">Foreign Assistance
Act of 1961</act-name> (22 U.S.C. 2371), or section 6(j) of the
<act-name parsable-cite="EAA79">Export Administration Act of 1979</act-name>
(as in effect pursuant to the International Emergency Economic Powers Act; 50
U.S.C. 1701 et seq.), to have repeatedly provided support for acts of
international terrorism, unless the Secretary exercises a waiver certifying
that it is in the national interest of the United States to provide assistance
under the provisions of this title; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="IDA148AEFD9BFB4568843A9B10FAC246F6"><enum>(C)</enum><text>is a party to the
Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production and Stockpiling of
Bacteriological (Biological) and Toxin Weapons and on Their Destruction, done
at Washington, London, and Moscow April 10, 1972 (26 UST 583).</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="IDA46E62F3B1A04A7EA3309982C6535BCB"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Eligible
national</header><text>The term <term>eligible national</term> means any
citizen or national of an eligible developing country who—</text>
<subparagraph commented="no" id="id670B11F0FF984F8188011CAFF8A4E37C"><enum>(A)</enum><text>does not have a
criminal background;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" id="idDDDEFE7C34094C06A79A4D07B4AC31A5"><enum>(B)</enum><text>is not on any
immigration or other United States watch list; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" id="idE1341340A49145CD889AC6265A16372F"><enum>(C)</enum><text>is not affiliated
with any foreign terrorist organization.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="IDA7DA0DB0833C48AD9C616F1C38F2D823"><enum>(3)</enum><header>International
health organization</header><text>The term <term>international health
organization</term> includes the World Health Organization, regional offices of
the World Health Organization, and such similar international organizations as
the Pan American Health Organization.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="ID98797542BC4D4488A902B7AB99FD65A3"><enum>(4)</enum><header>Laboratory</header><text>The
term <term>laboratory</term> means a facility for the biological,
microbiological, serological, chemical, immunohematological, hematological,
biophysical, cytological, pathological, or other medical examination of
materials derived from the human body for the purpose of providing information
for the diagnosis, prevention, or treatment of any disease or impairment of, or
the assessment of the health of, human beings.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="ID5E98364A38DD4B4FB47CB04F7F6CA1F4"><enum>(5)</enum><header>Secretary</header><text>Unless
otherwise provided, the term <term>Secretary</term> means the Secretary of
State.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="IDAF83210FE70B4E8BACADEDB232BB8A01"><enum>(6)</enum><header>Disease and
syndrome surveillance</header><text>The term <term>disease and syndrome
surveillance</term> means the recording of clinician-reported symptoms (patient
complaints) and signs (derived from physical examination and laboratory data)
combined with simple geographic locators to track the emergence of a disease in
a population.</text>
</paragraph></section><section id="IDA1A43E18678D495FA9F54522E9861E7F"><enum>504.</enum><header>Eligibility
for assistance</header>
<subsection id="id632FDC09F97E487FA19021BDB0A73303"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Except as provided in
subsection (b), assistance may be provided to an eligible developing country
under any provision of this title only if the government of the eligible
developing country—</text>
<paragraph id="idD6C7CD2502B84DB485719471D46EC864"><enum>(1)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">permits personnel from the World Health
Organization and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to investigate
outbreaks of infectious diseases within the borders of such country; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="id8F5736D83F084104A6823B68B3BE59BE"><enum>(2)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">provides pathogen surveillance data to the
appropriate agencies and departments of the United States and to international
health organizations.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="id7575B4CB67274317BF8E6EE115F9391C"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Waiver</header><text>The
Secretary may waive the prohibition set out in subsection (a) if the Secretary
determines that it is in the national interest of the United States to provide
such a waiver.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="idD2E3CB7D1AE14479B8C7D9C69843723C"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Prior notice of
waivers</header><text>A waiver pursuant to subsection (b) may not be executed
until 15 days after the Secretary provides to the Committee on Foreign
Relations of the Senate and the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of
Representatives written notice of the intent to issue such waiver and the
reasons for doing so.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="ID9E91869C591546F7A50294D7FBFF817D"><enum>505.</enum><header>Restriction</header>
<subsection id="id264765AEE1B24022A01492A71ED7538C"><enum>(a)</enum><header> In
general</header><text>Notwithstanding any other provision of this title, no
foreign national participating in a program authorized under this title shall
have access, during the course of such participation, to a select agent or
toxin described in section 73.4 of title 42, Code of Federal Regulations (or
any corresponding similar regulation) or an overlap select agent or toxin
described in section 73.5 of such title (or any corresponding similar
regulation) that may be used as, or in, a biological weapon, except in a
supervised and controlled setting.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="idED25E117964F49A6A7360B7C93A745DD"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Relationship to
regulations</header><text>The restriction set out in subsection (a) may not be
construed to limit the ability of the Secretary of Health and Human Services to
prescribe, through regulation, standards for the handling of a select agent or
toxin or an overlap select agent or toxin described in such subsection.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="IDCF3AC61474AE421597D07AFA94DB1185"><enum>506.</enum><header>Fellowship
program</header>
<subsection id="ID56BF03A4A005463180C20248D334880F"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Establishment</header><text>There
is established a fellowship program under which the Secretary, in consultation
with the Secretary of Health and Human Services and the Secretary of Homeland
Security and subject to the availability of appropriations, shall award
fellowships to eligible nationals to pursue public health education or
training, as follows:</text>
<paragraph id="ID5BBE85EC899944D1842960D91495B6A1"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Master of
public health degree</header><text>Graduate courses of study leading to a
master of public health degree with a concentration in epidemiology from an
institution of higher education in the United States with a Center for Public
Health Preparedness, as determined by the Director of the Centers for Disease
Control and Prevention.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="ID1DF594A4B8DA46B594274F5FABE74D1B"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Advanced public
health epidemiology training</header><text>Advanced public health training in
epidemiology for public health professionals from eligible developing countries
to be carried out at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, an
appropriate facility of a State, or an appropriate facility of another agency
or department of the United States (other than a facility of the Department of
Defense or a national laboratory of the Department of Energy) for a period of
not less than 6 months or more than 12 months.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="ID5899618FBD534BDFB1AB92D022AD89CD"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Specialization
in bioterrorism</header><text>In addition to the education or training
specified in subsection (a), each recipient of a fellowship under this section
(in this section referred to as a <quote>fellow</quote>) may take courses of
study at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention or at an equivalent
facility on diagnosis and containment of likely bioterrorism agents.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="IDF9651ACC0347484E8E291AC94037DBE6"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Fellowship
agreement</header>
<paragraph id="ID8195ABE15D1E4719AF40D840F85DC838"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>A fellow shall enter into an agreement with the Secretary
under which the fellow agrees—</text>
<subparagraph id="IDE2C124ACC1554EEB87106EFE2F990AC6"><enum>(A)</enum><text>to maintain
satisfactory academic progress, as determined in accordance with regulations
issued by the Secretary and confirmed in regularly scheduled updates to the
Secretary from the institution providing the education or training on the
progress of the fellow’s education or training;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="ID4b0b5ef19e144e43a231b1efc3bc3d33"><enum>(B)</enum><text>upon completion
of such education or training, to return to the fellow’s country of nationality
or last habitual residence (so long as it is an eligible developing country)
and complete at least 4 years of employment in a public health position in the
government or a nongovernmental, not-for-profit entity in that country or, with
the approval of the Secretary, complete part or all of this requirement through
service with an international health organization without geographic
restriction; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="IDC1E56BAF32F74CA8B36158BDCF405177"><enum>(C)</enum><text>that, if the
fellow is unable to meet the requirements described in subparagraph (A) or (B),
the fellow shall reimburse the United States for the value of the assistance
provided to the fellow under the fellowship program, together with interest at
a rate that—</text>
<clause id="idEBF5B0DCA4A741CBB1429D68AF43D16A"><enum>(i)</enum><text>is
determined in accordance with regulations issued by the Secretary; and</text>
</clause><clause id="id4D366672FE1D4391ADBD9A3BF0254FA1"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>is
not higher than the rate generally applied in connection with other Federal
loans.</text>
</clause></subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="ID70F68115A6FB47E4A3160B2AEB1E5229"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Waivers</header><text>The
Secretary may waive the application of subparagraph (B) or (C) of paragraph (1)
on a case by case basis if the Secretary determines that—</text>
<subparagraph id="id55C2551CE68E4C16A823D5B54DBC7FDC"><enum>(A)</enum><text>it is in the
national interest of the United States to provide such a waiver; or</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="idA20BD891D895436C9A3D1F2D97F7834B"><enum>(B)</enum><text>humanitarian
considerations require such a waiver.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="ID8DD55E55A7934730A482891B80A9F63C"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Agreement</header><text>The
Secretary, in consultation with the Secretary of Health and Human Services and
the Secretary of Homeland Security, is authorized to enter into an agreement
with the government of an eligible developing country under which such
government agrees—</text>
<paragraph id="IDD959525C69B24DD487A1C77C8393E780"><enum>(1)</enum><text>to establish a
procedure for the nomination of eligible nationals for fellowships under this
section;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="IDCF3E3EBB186F4B639C25CFA037C9CA74"><enum>(2)</enum><text>to guarantee that
a fellow will be offered a professional public health position within the
developing country upon completion of the fellow’s studies; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="ID429305A6E2D746B1B337E1D84548384E"><enum>(3)</enum><text>to submit to the
Secretary a certification stating that a fellow has concluded the minimum
period of employment in a public health position required by the fellowship
agreement, including an explanation of how the requirement was met.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="ID05CFB74E5216429CBF43ECEEDE1C2082"><enum>(e)</enum><header>Participation
of United States citizens</header><text>On a case-by-case basis, the Secretary
may provide for the participation of a citizen of the United States in the
fellowship program under the provisions of this section if—</text>
<paragraph id="id005D47B265DD4786BFC99E773232CEA1"><enum>(1)</enum><text>the Secretary
determines that it is in the national interest of the United States to provide
for such participation; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="id98BF825643C14A62A1B8DCEB46337C24"><enum>(2)</enum><text>the citizen of
the United States agrees to complete, at the conclusion of such participation,
at least 5 years of employment in a public health position in an eligible
developing country or at an international health organization.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="id44980E7BB5134AD485FBCD51A9C687C5"><enum>(f)</enum><header>Use of existing
programs</header><text>The Secretary, with the concurrence of the Secretary of
Health and Human Services, may elect to use existing programs of the Department
of Health and Human Services to provide the education and training described in
subsection (a) if the requirements of subsections (b), (c), and (d) will be
substantially met under such existing programs.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="IDBFAF0B219BAC43F1A2031E64E9E23D1B"><enum>507.</enum><header>In-country
training in laboratory techniques and disease and syndrome
surveillance</header>
<subsection id="IDE4841D5F87884E60868215C3EFB696BC"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Laboratory
techniques</header>
<paragraph id="ID08F66D8BDB724AFA902A5AA55291E406"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>The Secretary, after consultation with the Secretary of
Health and Human Services, the Secretary of Defense, and the Secretary of
Homeland Security and in conjunction with elements of those departments that
engage in activities of this type overseas, and subject to the availability of
appropriations, shall provide assistance for short training courses for
eligible nationals who are laboratory technicians or other public health
personnel in laboratory techniques relating to the identification, diagnosis,
and tracking of pathogens responsible for possible infectious disease
outbreaks.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="IDBF4CE3940AE046DF91024B52861088A8"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Location</header><text>The
training described in paragraph (1) shall be held outside the United States and
may be conducted in facilities of the Centers for Disease Control and
Prevention located in foreign countries or in Overseas Medical Research Units
of the Department of Defense, as appropriate.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="ID730FB901DE444144BF6D5CABD3E8D104"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Coordination
with existing programs</header><text>The Secretary shall coordinate the
training described in paragraph (1), where appropriate, with existing programs
and activities of international health organizations.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="IDA7B23CDC79734C7BAF71F87C06E643E9"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Disease and
syndrome surveillance</header>
<paragraph id="IDF0741DDEBA2842B1BF74C93BDD95098C"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>The Secretary, after consultation with the Secretary of
Health and Human Services, the Secretary of Defense, and the Secretary of
Homeland Security and in conjunction with elements of those departments that
engage in activities of this type overseas, and subject to the availability of
appropriations, shall establish and provide assistance for short training
courses for eligible nationals who are health care providers or other public
health personnel in techniques of disease and syndrome surveillance reporting
and rapid analysis of syndrome information using geographic information system
tools.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="ID557A100D638E452AA74D095EC95BC8C4"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Location</header><text>The
training described in paragraph (1) shall be conducted via the Internet or in
appropriate facilities located in a foreign country, as determined by the
Secretary.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="IDDB65F9F17C654543B3C114D50A84F0E4"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Coordination
with existing programs</header><text>The Secretary shall coordinate the
training described in paragraph (1), where appropriate, with existing programs
and activities of international regional and international health
organizations.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section id="ID3F87D24464D649899A8F6E1136938CF1"><enum>508.</enum><header>Assistance for
the purchase and maintenance of public health laboratory equipment and
supplies</header>
<subsection id="IDAD279FA5A33147B083E34E611B57D9C8"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Authorization</header><text>The
President is authorized to provide, on such terms and conditions as the
President may determine, assistance to eligible developing countries to
purchase and maintain the public health laboratory equipment and supplies
described in subsection (b).</text>
</subsection><subsection id="IDCD6848C65C5740C7B05055F7343E18DC"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Equipment and
supplies covered</header><text>The equipment and supplies described in this
subsection are equipment and supplies that are—</text>
<paragraph id="ID9CB4EF54F2644AA08F784FDD08CA16E2"><enum>(1)</enum><text>appropriate, to
the extent possible, for use in the intended geographic area;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="ID66DAB52FC4F64FA9A3D3FBEC5BD216EE"><enum>(2)</enum><text>necessary to
collect, analyze, and identify expeditiously a broad array of pathogens,
including mutant strains, which may cause disease outbreaks or may be used in a
biological weapon;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="IDE3AA498C6CFE455AA9168DE6C56C9305"><enum>(3)</enum><text>compatible with
general standards set forth by the World Health Organization and, as
appropriate, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, to ensure
interoperability with international regional and international public health
networks; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="IDE50604DAB0A448479C02E451E5C0BA7E"><enum>(4)</enum><text>not defense
articles, defense services, or training, as such terms are defined in the
<act-name parsable-cite="AECA">Arms Export Control Act</act-name> (22 U.S.C.
2751 et seq.).</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="IDDB8E1608A769474AB990C0D6C1F5FBC2"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Rule of
construction</header><text>Nothing in this section shall be construed to exempt
the exporting of goods and technology from compliance with applicable
provisions of the <act-name parsable-cite="EAA79">Export Administration Act of
1979</act-name> (as in effect pursuant to the International Emergency Economic
Powers Act; 50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.).</text>
</subsection><subsection id="ID6D71AA80BCB241A3BBA7A04629D21E75"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Limitation</header><text>Amounts
appropriated to carry out this section shall not be made available for the
purchase from a foreign country of equipment or supplies that, if made in the
United States, would be subject to the <act-name parsable-cite="AECA">Arms
Export Control Act</act-name> (22 U.S.C. 2751 et seq.) or likely be barred or
subject to special conditions under the <act-name parsable-cite="EAA79">Export
Administration Act of 1979</act-name> (as in effect pursuant to the
International Emergency Economic Powers Act; 50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.).</text>
</subsection><subsection id="ID4A9B7338379D464381462F15F2C02252"><enum>(e)</enum><header>Procurement
preference</header><text>In the use of grant funds authorized under subsection
(a), preference should be given to the purchase of equipment and supplies of
United States manufacture. The use of amounts appropriated to carry out this
section shall be subject to section 604 of the <act-name parsable-cite="FAA61">Foreign Assistance Act of 1961</act-name> (22 U.S.C.
2354).</text>
</subsection><subsection id="ID3F2CBB43E5654A2E8206B7A7B3CEFD32"><enum>(f)</enum><header>Country
commitments</header><text>The assistance provided under this section for
equipment and supplies may be provided only if the eligible developing country
that receives such equipment and supplies agrees to provide the infrastructure,
technical personnel, and other resources required to house, maintain, support,
secure, and maximize use of such equipment and supplies.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="ID35ABEC4D0D5E4B088C70721ED5C623FE"><enum>509.</enum><header>Assistance for
improved communication of public health information</header>
<subsection id="IDFC639543957E4A1993013F31F147E7E1"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Assistance for
purchase of communication equipment and information
technology</header><text>The President is authorized to provide, on such terms
and conditions as the President may determine, assistance to eligible
developing countries to purchase and maintain the communications equipment and
information technology described in subsection (b), and the supporting
equipment, necessary to effectively collect, analyze, and transmit public
health information.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="ID1B9562027FC44FA4B5C9EC7DB44F59BD"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Covered
equipment</header><text>The communications equipment and information technology
described in this subsection are communications equipment and information
technology that—</text>
<paragraph id="ID8181301E93EC495A8F55F3934FF1DC27"><enum>(1)</enum><text>are suitable for
use under the particular conditions of the area of intended use;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="ID14E2556946B8489B8ECEE34C04945BD9"><enum>(2)</enum><text>meet the
standards set forth by the World Health Organization and, as appropriate, the
Secretary of Health and Human Services, to ensure interoperability with like
equipment of other countries and international organizations; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="ID152C7401FE9843E281711D2D07941B29"><enum>(3)</enum><text>are not defense
articles, defense services, or training, as those terms are defined in the
<act-name parsable-cite="AECA">Arms Export Control Act</act-name> (22 U.S.C.
2751 et seq.).</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="ID6E515455AE444ED398302A134619450C"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Rule of
construction</header><text>Nothing in this section shall be construed to exempt
the exporting of goods and technology from compliance with applicable
provisions of the <act-name parsable-cite="EAA79">Export Administration Act of
1979</act-name> (as in effect pursuant to the International Emergency Economic
Powers Act; 50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.).</text>
</subsection><subsection id="IDC4E25A8C4AF34AFB96C29DCFDFD86D78"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Limitation</header><text>Amounts
appropriated to carry out this section shall not be made available for the
purchase from a foreign country of communications equipment or information
technology that, if made in the United States, would be subject to the
<act-name parsable-cite="AECA">Arms Export Control Act</act-name> (22 U.S.C.
2751 et seq.) or likely be barred or subject to special conditions under the
<act-name parsable-cite="EAA79">Export Administration Act of 1979</act-name>
(as in effect pursuant to the International Emergency Economic Powers Act; 50
U.S.C. 1701 et seq.).</text>
</subsection><subsection id="ID0D25474827A74B00BBEEB7A226E66A87"><enum>(e)</enum><header>Procurement
preference</header><text>In the use of grant funds under subsection (a),
preference should be given to the purchase of communications equipment and
information technology of United States manufacture. The use of amounts
appropriated to carry out this section shall be subject to section 604 of the
<act-name parsable-cite="FAA61">Foreign Assistance Act of 1961</act-name> (22
U.S.C. 2354).</text>
</subsection><subsection id="ID4C64C4B23FF840C0A53776BB195FEA9F"><enum>(f)</enum><header>Assistance for
standardization of reporting</header><text>The President is authorized to
provide, on such terms and conditions as the President may determine, technical
assistance and grant assistance to international health organizations to
facilitate standardization in the reporting of public health information
between and among developing countries and international health
organizations.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="IDFEEFB0E35E414AF299257178E253EDCD"><enum>(g)</enum><header>Country
commitments</header><text>The assistance provided under this section for
communications equipment and information technology may be provided only if the
eligible developing country that receives such equipment and technology agrees
to provide the infrastructure, technical personnel, and other resources
required to house, maintain, support, secure, and maximize use of such
equipment and technology.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="ID5BF862C2709A4824ABC06C5411B223F7"><enum>510.</enum><header>Assignment of
public health personnel to United States missions and international
organizations</header>
<subsection id="ID6B32CEB4F96E4B9CA9EEC27469FFF0AA"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>Upon the request of the chief of a diplomatic mission of
the United States or of the head of an international regional or international
health organization, and with the concurrence of the Secretary and of the
employee concerned, the head of an agency or department of the United States
may assign to the mission or the organization any officer or employee of the
agency or department that occupies a public health position within the agency
or department for the purpose of enhancing disease and pathogen surveillance
efforts in developing countries.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="ID19ABC565634C413FB1DE4036E8B30E9D"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Reimbursement</header><text>The
costs incurred by an agency or department of the United States by reason of the
detail of personnel under subsection (a) may be reimbursed to that agency or
department out of the applicable appropriations account of the Department of
State if the Secretary determines that the agency or department may otherwise
be unable to assign such personnel on a non-reimbursable basis.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="IDDBCCCBA191F64970B467C8B6EC637EE4"><enum>511.</enum><header>Expansion of
certain United States Government laboratories abroad</header>
<subsection id="ID6D87DEC72D5B4B0A8216D00A39490736"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>Subject to the availability of appropriations and with
the concurrence of the government of each host country, the Director of the
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the Secretary of Defense shall
each—</text>
<paragraph id="ID14654B5B664544E9BE441B28646AAD10"><enum>(1)</enum><text>increase the
number of personnel assigned to laboratories of the Centers for Disease Control
and Prevention or the Department of Defense, as appropriate, located in
eligible developing countries that conduct research and other activities with
respect to infectious diseases; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="IDAB343008ED044FACBD751E940744AFA0"><enum>(2)</enum><text>expand the
operations of such laboratories, especially with respect to the implementation
of on-site training of foreign nationals and activities affecting the region in
which the country is located.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="IDC9285619697A46B997761CB56671C411"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Cooperation and
coordination between laboratories</header><text>Subsection (a) shall be carried
out in such a manner as to foster cooperation and avoid duplication between and
among laboratories.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="IDB196FAFA6ABF4B5E9D7A20BF43271466"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Relation to
core missions and security</header><text>The expansion of the operations of the
laboratories of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention or the
Department of Defense located in foreign countries under this section may
not—</text>
<paragraph id="IDB81A613180814CED8F4F41C718F1576E"><enum>(1)</enum><text>detract from the
established core missions of the laboratories; or</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="IDF0CF774E77D9400D9684CEBE7D6BD08D"><enum>(2)</enum><text>compromise the
security of those laboratories, as well as their research, equipment,
expertise, and materials.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section id="IDDFED01641A5543A8B38137C6356CFA89"><enum>512.</enum><header>Assistance for
international health networks and expansion of Field Epidemiology Training
Programs</header>
<subsection id="IDB049F539039742A3B2C44920CD27A5E8"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Authority</header><text>The
President is authorized, on such terms and conditions as the President may
determine, to provide assistance for the purposes of—</text>
<paragraph id="ID990C36615FD44301953C136B0FD8AC7B"><enum>(1)</enum><text>enhancing the
surveillance and reporting capabilities of the World Health Organization and
existing international regional and international health networks; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="ID1BA089CC61AF44D8920042297D660ADD"><enum>(2)</enum><text>developing new
international regional and international health networks.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="IDC9EC76E384834AA39C0F4C50159BDDAE"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Expansion of
Field Epidemiology Training Programs</header><text>The Secretary of Health and
Human Services is authorized to establish new country or regional international
Field Epidemiology Training Programs in eligible developing countries, with the
concurrence of the government of each host country.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="IDB8454FEA104647CFABDA046549F39048"><enum>513.</enum><header>Reports</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">Not later than 90 days after the date of
enactment of this Act, the Secretary, in conjunction with the Secretary of
Health and Human Services, the Secretary of Defense, and the Secretary of
Homeland Security, shall submit to the Committee on Foreign Relations and the
Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs of the Senate and the
Committee on Foreign Affairs and the Committee on Homeland Security of the
House of Representatives a report on the implementation of programs under this
title, including an estimate of the level of funding required to carry out such
programs at a sufficient level.</text>
</section><section id="IDA5AA71992AC5417EA995B66043219130"><enum>514.</enum><header>Authorization
of appropriations</header>
<subsection id="IDB24D1677B7F842CDA494D6A823A97F26"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Authorization
of appropriations</header><text>Subject to subsection (c), there are authorized
to be appropriated for the purpose of carrying out activities under this title
the following amounts:</text>
<paragraph id="id67C921D3157340FE8A2A38B1D6BABC3F"><enum>(1)</enum><text>$40,000,000 for
fiscal year 2009.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="idCED5592213B342E1BF33D6FBFCF0F6C3"><enum>(2)</enum><text>$75,000,000 for
fiscal year 2010.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="IDBD81FB0655C84976A1AE93EB5CE7AA61"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Availability of
funds</header><text>The amounts appropriated pursuant to subsection (a) are
authorized to remain available until expended.</text>
</subsection><subsection commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="ID212F9299CA3F473F8522954AF649FD14"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Limitation on
obligation of funds</header><text>Not more than 10 percent of the amount
appropriated pursuant to subsection (a)(1) may be obligated before the date on
which a report is submitted, or required to be submitted, whichever first
occurs, under section 513.</text>
</subsection></section><enum>VI</enum><header>International
Space Station Payments</header>
<section commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="id6FD2C529B5CB48C3B99E4F5E36E9C221"><enum>601.</enum><header>Short
title</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">This title may be cited
as the <quote><short-title>International Space Station
Payments Act of 2008</short-title></quote>.</text>
</section><section id="id178036706EE44D9BAEAAA07BF554B5CF" section-type="subsequent-section"><enum>602.</enum><header>Authority to make
certain extraordinary payments in connection with the International Space
Station</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">Section 7(1)(B) of the
Iran, North Korea, and Syria Nonproliferation Act (Public Law 106–178; 50
U.S.C. 1701 note) is amended—</text>
<paragraph id="idCEBFB6B05AA64E3E85FAB5F433F2BB6F"><enum>(1)</enum><text>by striking
<quote>except that such term does not mean payments</quote> and inserting the
following:</text>
<quoted-block display-inline="yes-display-inline" id="H47A7773C67CE4AE5A2F512074C00305E" style="OLC">
<text>except that such term does not
mean—</text><clause id="HC186D07A236E4D5C9DB727D59BCE5DA5"><enum>(i)</enum><text>payments</text>
</clause><after-quoted-block>;</after-quoted-block></quoted-block>
</paragraph><paragraph id="idDC43E407B23E4BB9B6884253FCCC552F"><enum>(2)</enum><text>by striking
<quote>or contract related thereto.</quote> and inserting <quote>or contract
related thereto; or</quote>; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="idF1B74C344ADA455B933B5B22B04608C6"><enum>(3)</enum><text>by adding at the
end the following new clause:</text>
<quoted-block act-name="" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="id37CFC3421F84422086C8EE04A78E5AFD" style="OLC">
<clause id="id0EF70A0C13FB48F19CB3B059ADBA9C63"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>payments in cash
or in kind made or to be made by the United States Government between January
1, 2012, and reentry into Earth’s atmosphere of the International Space Station
at its end of life, for work to be performed or services to be rendered during
that period necessary to meet United States obligations under the Agreement
Concerning Cooperation on the Civil International Space Station, with annex,
signed at Washington January 29, 1998, and entered into force March 27, 2001,
or any protocol, agreement, memorandum of understanding, or contract related
thereto, except that this clause does not allow for payments in cash or in kind
to be made by the United States Government for—</text>
<subclause id="idCFD4DF0D92074F649FD548EB64EF3413"><enum>(I)</enum><text>any cargo
services provided by a Progress vehicle; or</text>
</subclause><subclause id="id1F37F668C5014064B1147D07416EC4BE"><enum>(II)</enum><text>any crew
transportation or rescue services provided by a Soyuz vehicle after—</text>
<item id="idCBAA5F1FCD6C444AA7762BB38D3E9507"><enum>(aa)</enum><text>the Orion Crew
Exploration Vehicle reaches full operational capability; or</text>
</item><item commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="id668BFFB358B840489698985CC9BDECA2"><enum>(bb)</enum><text>a United States
commercial provider of crew transportation and rescue services demonstrates the
capability to meet mission requirements of the International Space
Station.</text>
</item></subclause></clause><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block>
</paragraph></section>
September 24 (legislative day, September 17),
2008
Read twice and placed on the calendar