[Congressional Bills 110th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[S. 3311 Introduced in Senate (IS)]







110th CONGRESS
  2d Session
                                S. 3311

To amend the Public Health Service Act to improve mental and behavioral 
                  health services on college campuses.


_______________________________________________________________________


                   IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES

                             July 23, 2008

  Mr. Durbin introduced the following bill; which was read twice and 
  referred to the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL


 
To amend the Public Health Service Act to improve mental and behavioral 
                  health services on college campuses.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Mental Health on Campus Improvement 
Act''.

SEC. 2. FINDINGS.

    Congress makes the following findings:
            (1) The 2007 National Survey of Counseling Center Directors 
        found that the average ratio of counselors to students on 
        campus is nearly 1 to 2,000 and is often far higher on large 
        campuses. The International Association of Counseling Services 
        accreditation standards recommend 1 counselor per 1,000 to 
        1,500 students.
            (2) College counselors report that 8.5 percent of enrolled 
        students sought counseling in the past year, totaling an 
        estimated 1,600,000 students.
            (3) Over 90 percent of counseling directors believe there 
        is an increase in the number of students coming to campus with 
        severe psychological problems. The majority of counseling 
        directors report concern that the demand for services is 
        growing without an increase in resources.
            (4) A 2006 American College Health Association survey 
        revealed that 44 percent of students at colleges and 
        universities report having felt so depressed it was difficult 
        to function, and one out of every 11 students seriously 
        considered suicide within the past year.
            (5) Research conducted from 1989 to 2002 found that 
        students seen for anxiety disorders doubled, for depression 
        tripled, and for serious suicidal intention tripled.
            (6) Many students who need help never receive it. 
        Counseling directors report that of the students who committed 
        suicide on their campuses, only 22 percent were current or 
        former counseling center clients. Directors did not know the 
        previous psychiatric history of 60 percent of these students.
            (7) A survey conducted by the University of Idaho Student 
        Counseling Center (2000) found that 77 percent of students who 
        responded reported that they were more likely to stay in school 
        because of counseling and that their school performance would 
        have declined without counseling.
            (8) A 6-year longitudinal study of college students found 
        that personal and emotional adjustment was an important factor 
        in retention and predicted attrition as well as or better than 
        academic adjustment (Gerdes & Mallinckrodt, 1994).

SEC. 3. IMPROVING MENTAL AND BEHAVIORAL HEALTH ON COLLEGE CAMPUSES.

    Title V of the Public Health Service Act is amended by inserting 
after section 520E-2 (42 U.S.C. 290bb-36b) the following:

``SEC. 520E-3. GRANTS TO IMPROVE MENTAL AND BEHAVIORAL HEALTH ON 
              COLLEGE CAMPUSES.

    ``(a) Purpose.--It is the purpose of this section, with respect to 
college and university settings, to--
            ``(1) increase access to mental and behavioral health 
        services;
            ``(2) foster and improve the prevention of mental and 
        behavioral health disorders, and the promotion of mental 
        health;
            ``(3) improve the identification and treatment for students 
        at risk;
            ``(4) improve collaboration and the development of 
        appropriate level of mental and behavioral health care; and
            ``(5) improve the efficacy of outreach efforts.
    ``(b) Grants.--The Secretary, acting through the Administrator and 
in consultation with the Secretary of Education, shall award 
competitive grants to eligible entities to improve mental and 
behavioral health services and outreach on college and university 
campuses.
    ``(c) Eligibility.--To be eligible to receive a grant under 
subsection (b), an entity shall--
            ``(1) be an institution of higher education (as defined in 
        section 101 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 
        1001)); and
            ``(2) submit to the Secretary an application at such time, 
        in such manner, and containing such information as the 
        Secretary may require, including the information required under 
        subsection (d).
    ``(d) Application.--An application for a grant under this section 
shall include--
            ``(1) a description of the population to be targeted by the 
        program carried out under the grant, the particular mental and 
        behavioral health needs of the students involved, and the 
        Federal, State, local, private, and institutional resources 
        available for meeting the needs of such students at the time 
        the application is submitted;
            ``(2) an outline of the objectives of the program carried 
        out under the grant;
            ``(3) a description of activities, services, and training 
        to be provided under the program, including planned outreach 
        strategies to reach students not currently seeking services;
            ``(4) a plan to seek input from community mental health 
        providers, when available, community groups, and other public 
        and private entities in carrying out the program;
            ``(5) a plan, when applicable, to meet the specific mental 
        and behavioral health needs of veterans attending institutions 
        of higher education;
            ``(6) a description of the methods to be used to evaluate 
        the outcomes and effectiveness of the program; and
            ``(7) an assurance that grant funds will be used to 
        supplement, and not supplant, any other Federal, State, or 
        local funds available to carry out activities of the type 
        carried out under the grant.
    ``(e) Special Considerations.--In awarding grants under this 
section, the Secretary shall give special consideration to applications 
that describe programs to be carried out under the grant that--
            ``(1) demonstrate the greatest need for new or additional 
        mental and behavioral health services, in part by providing 
        information on current ratios of students to mental and 
        behavioral health professionals;
            ``(2) propose effective approaches for initiating or 
        expanding campus services and supports using evidence-based 
        practices;
            ``(3) target traditionally underserved populations and 
        populations most at risk;
            ``(4) where possible, demonstrate an awareness of and a 
        willingness to coordinate with a community mental health center 
        or other mental health resource in the community, to support 
        screening and referral of students requiring intensive 
        services;
            ``(5) identify how the college or university will address 
        psychiatric emergencies, including how information will be 
        communicated with families or other appropriate parties; and
            ``(6) demonstrate the greatest potential for replication 
        and dissemination.
    ``(f) Use of Funds.--Amounts received under a grant under this 
section shall be used to--
            ``(1) provide mental and behavioral health services to 
        students, including prevention, promotion of mental health, 
        screening, early intervention, assessment, treatment, 
        management, and education services relating to the mental and 
        behavioral health of students;
            ``(2) provide outreach services to notify students about 
        the existence of mental and behavioral health services;
            ``(3) educate families, peers, faculty, staff, and 
        communities to increase awareness of mental health issues;
            ``(4) employ appropriately trained staff;
            ``(5) expand mental health training through internship, 
        post-doctorate, and residency programs;
            ``(6) develop and support evidence-based and emerging best 
        practices; and
            ``(7) evaluate and disseminate best practices to other 
        colleges and universities.
    ``(g) Duration of Grants.--A grant under this section shall be 
awarded for a period of not to exceed 3 years.
    ``(h) Evaluation and Reporting.--
            ``(1) Evaluation.--Not later than 18 months after the date 
        on which a grant is received under this section, the eligible 
        entity involved shall submit to the Secretary the results of an 
        evaluation to be conducted by the entity concerning the 
        effectiveness of the activities carried out under the grant and 
        plans for the sustainability of such efforts.
            ``(2) Report.--Not later than 2 years after the date of 
        enactment of this section, the Secretary shall submit to the 
        appropriate committees of Congress a report concerning the 
        results of--
                    ``(A) the evaluations conducted under paragraph 
                (1); and
                    ``(B) an evaluation conducted by the Secretary to 
                analyze the effectiveness and efficacy of the 
                activities conducted with grants under this section.
    ``(i) Technical Assistance.--The Secretary may provide technical 
assistance to grantees in carrying out this section.
    ``(j) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be 
appropriated, such sums as may be necessary to carry out this section.

``SEC. 520E-4. MENTAL AND BEHAVIORAL HEALTH OUTREACH AND EDUCATION ON 
              COLLEGE CAMPUSES.

    ``(a) Purpose.--It is the purpose of this section to increase 
access to, and reduce the stigma associated with, mental health 
services so as to ensure that college students have the support 
necessary to successfully complete their studies.
    ``(b) National Public Education Campaign.--The Secretary, acting 
through the Administrator and in collaboration with the Director of the 
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, shall convene an 
interagency, public-private sector working group to plan, establish, 
and begin coordinating and evaluating a targeted public education 
campaign that is designed to focus on mental and behavioral health on 
college campuses. Such campaign shall be designed to--
            ``(1) improve the general understanding of mental health 
        and mental health disorders;
            ``(2) encourage help-seeking behaviors relating to the 
        promotion of mental health, prevention of mental health 
        disorders, and treatment of such disorders;
            ``(3) make the connection between mental and behavioral 
        health and academic success; and
            ``(4) assist the general public in identifying the early 
        warning signs and reducing the stigma of mental illness.
    ``(c) Composition.--The working group under subsection (b) shall 
include--
            ``(1) mental health consumers and family members;
            ``(2) representatives of colleges and universities;
            ``(3) representatives of national mental and behavioral 
        health and college associations;
            ``(4) representatives of mental health providers, including 
        community mental health centers; and
            ``(5) representatives of private- and public-sector groups 
        with experience in the development of effective public health 
        education campaigns.
    ``(d) Plan.--The working group under subsection (b) shall develop a 
plan that shall--
            ``(1) target promotional and educational efforts to the 
        college age population and individuals who are employed in 
        college and university settings, including the use of 
        roundtables;
            ``(2) develop and propose the implementation of research-
        based public health messages and activities;
            ``(3) provide support for local efforts to reduce stigma by 
        using the National Mental Health Information Center as a 
        primary point of contact for information, publications, and 
        service program referrals; and
            ``(4) develop and propose the implementation of a social 
        marketing campaign that is targeted at the college population 
        and individuals who are employed in college and university 
        settings.
    ``(e) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be 
appropriated, such sums as may be necessary to carry out this 
section.''.

SEC. 4. INTERAGENCY WORKING GROUP ON COLLEGE MENTAL HEALTH.

    (a) Purpose.--It is the purpose of this section, pursuant to 
Executive Order 13263 (and the recommendations issued under section 
6(b) of such Order), to provide for the establishment of a College 
Campus Task Force under the Federal Executive Steering Committee on 
Mental Health, to discuss mental and behavioral health concerns on 
college and university campuses.
    (b) Establishment.--The Secretary of Health and Human Services 
(referred to in this section as the ``Secretary'') shall establish a 
College Campus Task Force (referred to in this section as the ``Task 
Force''), under the Federal Executive Steering Committee on Mental 
Health, to discuss mental and behavioral health concerns on college and 
university campuses.
    (c) Membership.--The Task Force shall be composed of a 
representative from each Federal agency (as appointed by the head of 
the agency) that has jurisdiction over, or is affected by, mental 
health and education policies and projects, including--
            (1) the Department of Education;
            (2) the Department of Health and Human Services;
            (3) the Department of Veterans Affairs; and
            (4) such other Federal agencies as the Administrator of the 
        Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration and 
        the Secretary jointly determine to be appropriate.
    (d) Duties.--The Task Force shall--
            (1) serve as a centralized mechanism to coordinate a 
        national effort--
                    (A) to discuss and evaluate evidence and knowledge 
                on mental and behavioral heath services available to 
                and the prevalence of mental health illness among, the 
                college age population of the United States;
                    (B) to determine the range of effective, feasible, 
                and comprehensive actions to improve mental and 
                behavioral health on college and university campuses;
                    (C) to examine and better address the needs of the 
                college age population dealing with mental illness;
                    (D) to survey Federal agencies to determine which 
                policies are effective in encouraging, and how best to 
                facilitate outreach without duplicating, efforts 
                relating to mental and behavioral health promotion;
                    (E) to establish specific goals within and across 
                Federal agencies for mental health promotion, including 
                determinations of accountability for reaching those 
                goals;
                    (F) to develop a strategy for allocating 
                responsibilities and ensuring participation in mental 
                and behavioral health promotions, particularly in the 
                case of competing agency priorities;
                    (G) to coordinate plans to communicate research 
                results relating to mental and behavioral health 
                amongst the college age population to enable reporting 
                and outreach activities to produce more useful and 
                timely information;
                    (H) to provide a description of evidence-based best 
                practices, model programs, effective guidelines, and 
                other strategies for promoting mental and behavioral 
                health on college and university campuses;
                    (I) to make recommendations to improve Federal 
                efforts relating to mental and behavioral health 
                promotion on college campuses and to ensure Federal 
                efforts are consistent with available standards and 
                evidence and other programs in existence as of the date 
                of enactment of this Act; and
                    (J) to monitor Federal progress in meeting specific 
                mental and behavioral health promotion goals as they 
                relate to college and university settings;
            (2) consult with national organizations with expertise in 
        mental and behavioral health, especially those organizations 
        working with the college age population; and
            (3) consult with and seek input from mental heath 
        professionals working on college and university campuses as 
        appropriate.
    (e) Meetings.--
            (1) In general.--The Task Force shall meet at least 3 times 
        each year.
            (2) Annual conference.--The Secretary shall sponsor an 
        annual conference on mental and behavioral health in college 
        and university settings to enhance coordination, build 
        partnerships, and share best practices in mental and behavioral 
        health promotion, data collection, analysis, and services.
    (f) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be 
appropriated, such sums as may be necessary to carry out this section.
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