[Congressional Bills 110th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[S. 2522 Introduced in Senate (IS)]







110th CONGRESS
  1st Session
                                S. 2522

To amend the Social Security Act to guarantee comprehensive health care 
               coverage for all children born after 2008.


_______________________________________________________________________


                   IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES

                           December 19, 2007

Mr. Rockefeller (for himself, Mr. Lieberman, and Mr. Kerry) introduced 
the following bill; which was read twice and referred to the Committee 
                               on Finance

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL


 
To amend the Social Security Act to guarantee comprehensive health care 
               coverage for all children born after 2008.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS; FINDINGS.

    (a) Short Title.--This Act may be cited as the ``MediKids Health 
Insurance Act of 2007''.
    (b) Table of Contents.--The table of contents of this Act is as 
follows:

Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents; findings.
Sec. 2. Benefits for all children born after 2008.
                     ``TITLE XXII--MEDIKIDS PROGRAM

        ``Sec. 2201. Eligibility.
        ``Sec. 2202. Benefits.
        ``Sec. 2203. Premiums.
        ``Sec. 2204. MediKids Trust Fund.
        ``Sec. 2205. Oversight and accountability.
        ``Sec. 2206. Inclusion of care coordination services.
        ``Sec. 2207. Administration and miscellaneous.
Sec. 3. MediKids premium.
Sec. 4. Refundable credit for certain cost-sharing expenses under 
                            MediKids program.
Sec. 5. Report on long-term revenues.
    (c) Findings.--Congress finds the following:
            (1) More than 9 million American children are uninsured.
            (2) Children who are uninsured receive less medical care 
        and less preventive care and have a poorer level of health, 
        which result in lifetime costs to themselves and to the entire 
        American economy.
            (3) Although SCHIP and Medicaid are successfully extending 
        a health coverage safety net to a growing portion of the 
        vulnerable low-income population of uninsured children, they 
        alone cannot achieve 100 percent health insurance coverage for 
        our nation's children due to inevitable gaps during outreach 
        and enrollment, fluctuations in eligibility, variations in 
        access to private insurance at all income levels, and 
        variations in States' ability to provide required matching 
        funds.
            (4) As all segments of society continue to become more 
        transient, with many changes in employment over the working 
        lifetime of parents, the need for a reliable safety net of 
        health insurance which follows children across State lines, 
        already a major problem for the children of migrant and 
        seasonal farmworkers, will become a major concern for all 
        families in the United States.
            (5) The medicare program has successfully evolved over the 
        years to provide a stable, universal source of health insurance 
        for the nation's disabled and those over age 65, and provides a 
        tested model for designing a program to reach out to America's 
        children.
            (6) The problem of insuring 100 percent of all American 
        children could be gradually solved by automatically enrolling 
        all children born after December 31, 2008, in a program modeled 
        after Medicare (and to be known as ``MediKids''), and allowing 
        those children to be transferred into other equivalent or 
        better insurance programs, including either private insurance, 
        SCHIP, or Medicaid, if they are eligible to do so, but 
        maintaining the child's default enrollment in MediKids for any 
        times when the child's access to other sources of insurance is 
        lost.
            (7) A family's freedom of choice to use other insurers to 
        cover children would not be interfered with in any way, and 
        children eligible for SCHIP and Medicaid would continue to be 
        enrolled in those programs, but the underlying safety net of 
        MediKids would always be available to cover any gaps in 
        insurance due to changes in medical condition, employment, 
        income, or marital status, or other changes affecting a child's 
        access to alternate forms of insurance.
            (8) The MediKids program can be administered without 
        impacting the finances or status of the existing Medicare 
        program.
            (9) The MediKids benefit package can be tailored to the 
        special needs of children and updated over time.
            (10) The financing of the program can be administered 
        without difficulty by a yearly payment of affordable premiums 
        through a family's tax filing (or adjustment of a family's 
        earned income tax credit).
            (11) The cost of the program will gradually rise as the 
        number of children using MediKids as the insurer of last resort 
        increases, and a future Congress always can accelerate or slow 
        down the enrollment process as desired, while the societal 
        costs for emergency room usage, lost productivity and work 
        days, and poor health status for the next generation of 
        Americans will decline.
            (12) Over time 100 percent of American children will always 
        have basic health insurance, and we can therefore expect a 
        healthier, more equitable, and more productive society.

SEC. 2. BENEFITS FOR ALL CHILDREN BORN AFTER 2008.

    (a) In General.--The Social Security Act is amended by adding at 
the end the following new title:

                     ``TITLE XXII--MEDIKIDS PROGRAM

``SEC. 2201. ELIGIBILITY.

    ``(a) Eligibility of Individuals Born After December 31, 2008; All 
Children Under 23 Years of Age in Fifth Year.--An individual who meets 
the following requirements with respect to a month is eligible to 
enroll under this title with respect to such month:
            ``(1) Age.--
                    ``(A) First year.--As of the first day of the first 
                year in which this title is effective, the individual 
                has not attained 6 years of age.
                    ``(B) Second year.--As of the first day of the 
                second year in which this title is effective, the 
                individual has not attained 11 years of age.
                    ``(C) Third year.--As of the first day of the third 
                year in which this title is effective, the individual 
                has not attained 16 years of age.
                    ``(D) Fourth year.--As of the first day of the 
                fourth year in which this title is effective, the 
                individual has not attained 21 years of age.
                    ``(E) Fifth and subsequent years.--As of the first 
                day of the fifth year in which this title is effective 
                and each subsequent year, the individual has not 
                attained 23 years of age.
            ``(2) Citizenship.--The individual is a citizen or national 
        of the United States or is permanently residing in the United 
        States under color of law.
    ``(b) Enrollment Process.--An individual may enroll in the program 
established under this title only in such manner and form as may be 
prescribed by regulations, and only during an enrollment period 
prescribed by the Secretary consistent with the provisions of this 
section. Such regulations shall provide a process under which--
            ``(1) individuals who are born in the United States after 
        December 31, 2008, are deemed to be enrolled at the time of 
        birth and a parent or guardian of such an individual is 
        permitted to pre-enroll in the month prior to the expected 
        month of birth;
            ``(2) individuals who are born outside the United States 
        after such date and who become eligible to enroll by virtue of 
        immigration into (or an adjustment of immigration status in) 
        the United States are deemed enrolled at the time of entry or 
        adjustment of status;
            ``(3) eligible individuals may otherwise be enrolled at 
        such other times and manner as the Secretary shall specify, 
        including the use of outstationed eligibility sites as 
        described in section 1902(a)(55)(A) and the use of presumptive 
        eligibility provisions like those described in section 1920A; 
        and
            ``(4) at the time of automatic enrollment of a child, the 
        Secretary provides for issuance to a parent or custodian of the 
        individual a card evidencing coverage under this title and for 
        a description of such coverage.
The provisions of section 1837(h) apply with respect to enrollment 
under this title in the same manner as they apply to enrollment under 
part B of title XVIII. An individual who is enrolled under this title 
is not eligible to be enrolled under an MA or MA-PD plan under part C 
of title XVIII.
    ``(c) Date Coverage Begins.--
            ``(1) In general.--The period during which an individual is 
        entitled to benefits under this title shall begin as follows, 
        but in no case earlier than January 1, 2009:
                    ``(A) In the case of an individual who is enrolled 
                under paragraph (1) or (2) of subsection (b), the date 
                of birth or date of obtaining appropriate citizenship 
                or immigration status, as the case may be.
                    ``(B) In the case of another individual who enrolls 
                (including pre-enrolls) before the month in which the 
                individual satisfies eligibility for enrollment under 
                subsection (a), the first day of such month of 
                eligibility.
                    ``(C) In the case of another individual who enrolls 
                during or after the month in which the individual first 
                satisfies eligibility for enrollment under such 
                subsection, the first day of the following month.
            ``(2) Authority to provide for partial months of 
        coverage.--Under regulations, the Secretary may, in the 
        Secretary's discretion, provide for coverage periods that 
        include portions of a month in order to avoid lapses of 
        coverage.
            ``(3) Limitation on payments.--No payments may be made 
        under this title with respect to the expenses of an individual 
        enrolled under this title unless such expenses were incurred by 
        such individual during a period which, with respect to the 
        individual, is a coverage period under this section.
    ``(d) Expiration of Eligibility.--An individual's coverage period 
under this section shall continue until the individual's enrollment has 
been terminated because the individual no longer meets the requirements 
of subsection (a) (whether because of age or change in immigration 
status).
    ``(e) Entitlement to MediKids Benefits for Enrolled Individuals.--
An individual enrolled under this title is entitled to the benefits 
described in section 2202.
    ``(f) Low-Income Information.--
            ``(1) Inquiry of income.--At the time of enrollment of a 
        child under this title, the Secretary shall make an inquiry as 
        to whether the family income (as determined for purposes of 
        section 1905(p)) of the family that includes the child is 
        within any of the following income ranges:
                    ``(A) Up to 150 percent of poverty.--The income of 
                the family does not exceed 150 percent of the poverty 
                line for a family of the size involved.
                    ``(B) Between 150 and 200 percent of poverty.--The 
                income of the family exceeds 150 percent, but does not 
                exceed 200 percent, of such poverty line.
                    ``(C) Between 200 and 300 percent of poverty.--The 
                income of the family exceeds 200 percent, but does not 
                exceed 300 percent, of such poverty line.
            ``(2) Coding.--If the family income is within a range 
        described in paragraph (1), the Secretary shall encode in the 
        identification card issued in connection with eligibility under 
        this title a code indicating the range applicable to the family 
        of the child involved.
            ``(3) Provider verification through electronic system.--The 
        Secretary also shall provide for an electronic system through 
        which providers may verify which income range described in 
        paragraph (1), if any, is applicable to the family of the child 
        involved.
    ``(g) Construction.--Nothing in this title shall be construed as 
requiring (or preventing) an individual who is enrolled under this 
title from seeking medical assistance under a State medicaid plan under 
title XIX or child health assistance under a State child health plan 
under title XXI.

``SEC. 2202. BENEFITS.

    ``(a) Secretarial Specification of Benefit Package.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall specify the benefits 
        to be made available under this title consistent with the 
        provisions of this section and in a manner designed to meet the 
        health needs of enrollees.
            ``(2) Updating.--The Secretary shall update the 
        specification of benefits over time to ensure the inclusion of 
        age-appropriate benefits to reflect the enrollee population.
            ``(3) Annual updating.--The Secretary shall establish 
        procedures for the annual review and updating of such benefits 
        to account for changes in medical practice, new information 
        from medical research, and other relevant developments in 
        health science.
            ``(4) Input.--The Secretary shall seek the input of the 
        pediatric community in specifying and updating such benefits.
            ``(5) Limitation on updating.--In no case shall updating of 
        benefits under this subsection result in a failure to provide 
        benefits required under subsection (b).
    ``(b) Inclusion of Certain Benefits.--
            ``(1) Medicare core benefits.--Such benefits shall include 
        (to the extent consistent with other provisions of this 
        section) at least the same benefits (including coverage, 
        access, availability, duration, and beneficiary rights) that 
        are available under parts A and B of title XVIII.
            ``(2) All required medicaid benefits.--Such benefits shall 
        also include all items and services for which medical 
        assistance is required to be provided under section 
        1902(a)(10)(A) to individuals described in such section, 
        including early and periodic screening, diagnostic services, 
        and treatment services.
            ``(3) Inclusion of prescription drugs.--Such benefits also 
        shall include (as specified by the Secretary) benefits for 
        prescription drugs and biologicals which are not less than the 
        benefits for such drugs and biologicals under the standard 
        option for the service benefit plan described in section 
        8903(1) of title 5, United States Code, offered during 2007.
            ``(4) Cost-sharing.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Subject to subparagraph (B), 
                such benefits also shall include the cost-sharing (in 
                the form of deductibles, coinsurance, and copayments) 
                which is substantially similar to such cost-sharing 
                under the health benefits coverage in any of the four 
                largest health benefits plans (determined by 
                enrollment) offered under chapter 89 of title 5, United 
                States Code, and including an out-of-pocket limit for 
                catastrophic expenditures for covered benefits, except 
                that no cost-sharing shall be imposed with respect to 
                early and periodic screening and diagnostic services 
                included under paragraph (2).
                    ``(B) Reduced cost-sharing for low income 
                children.--Such benefits shall provide that--
                            ``(i) there shall be no cost-sharing for 
                        children in families the income of which is 
                        within the range described in section 
                        2201(f)(1)(A);
                            ``(ii) the cost-sharing otherwise 
                        applicable shall be reduced by 75 percent for 
                        children in families the income of which is 
                        within the range described in section 
                        2201(f)(1)(B); or
                            ``(iii) the cost-sharing otherwise 
                        applicable shall be reduced by 50 percent for 
                        children in families the income of which is 
                        within the range described in section 
                        2201(f)(1)(C).
                    ``(C) Catastrophic limit on cost-sharing.--For a 
                refundable credit for cost-sharing in the case of cost-
                sharing in excess of a percentage of the individual's 
                adjusted gross income, see section 36 of the Internal 
                Revenue Code of 1986.
    ``(c) Payment Schedule.--The Secretary, with the assistance of the 
Medicare Payment Advisory Commission, shall develop and implement a 
payment schedule for benefits covered under this title. To the extent 
feasible, such payment schedule shall be consistent with comparable 
payment schedules and reimbursement methodologies applied under parts A 
and B of title XVIII.
    ``(d) Input.--The Secretary shall specify such benefits and payment 
schedules only after obtaining input from appropriate child health 
providers and experts.
    ``(e) Enrollment in Health Plans.--The Secretary shall provide for 
the offering of benefits under this title through enrollment in a 
health benefit plan that meets the same (or similar) requirements as 
the requirements that apply to Medicare Advantage plans under part C of 
title XVIII (other than any such requirements that relate to part D of 
such title). In the case of individuals enrolled under this title in 
such a plan, the payment rate shall be based on payment rates provided 
for under section 1853(c) in effect before the date of the enactment of 
the Medicare Prescription Drug, Modernization, and Improvement Act of 
2003 (Public Law 108-173), except that such payment rates shall be 
adjusted in an appropriate manner to reflect differences between the 
population served under this title and the population under title 
XVIII.

``SEC. 2203. PREMIUMS.

    ``(a) Amount of Monthly Premiums.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall, during September of 
        each year (beginning with 2008), establish a monthly MediKids 
        premium for the following year. Subject to paragraph (2), the 
        monthly MediKids premium for a year is equal to \1/12\ of the 
        annual premium rate computed under subsection (b).
            ``(2) Elimination of monthly premium for demonstration of 
        equivalent coverage (including coverage under low-income 
        programs).--The amount of the monthly premium imposed under 
        this section for an individual for a month shall be zero in the 
        case of an individual who demonstrates to the satisfaction of 
        the Secretary that the individual has basic health insurance 
        coverage for that month. For purposes of the previous sentence 
        enrollment in a medicaid plan under title XIX, a State child 
        health insurance plan under title XXI, or under the medicare 
        program under title XVIII is deemed to constitute basic health 
        insurance coverage described in such sentence.
    ``(b) Annual Premium.--
            ``(1) National per capita average.--The Secretary shall 
        estimate the average, annual per capita amount that would be 
        payable under this title with respect to individuals residing 
        in the United States who meet the requirement of section 
        2201(a)(1) as if all such individuals were eligible for (and 
        enrolled) under this title during the entire year (and assuming 
        that section 1862(b)(2)(A)(i) did not apply).
            ``(2) Annual premium.--Subject to subsection (d), the 
        annual premium under this subsection for months in a year is 
        equal to 25 percent of the average, annual per capita amount 
        estimated under paragraph (1) for the year.
    ``(c) Payment of Monthly Premium.--
            ``(1) Period of payment.--In the case of an individual who 
        participates in the program established by this title, subject 
        to subsection (d), the monthly premium shall be payable for the 
        period commencing with the first month of the individual's 
        coverage period and ending with the month in which the 
        individual's coverage under this title terminates.
            ``(2) Collection through tax return.--For provisions 
        providing for the payment of monthly premiums under this 
        subsection, see section 59B of the Internal Revenue Code of 
        1986.
            ``(3) Protections against fraud and abuse.--The Secretary 
        shall develop, in coordination with States and other health 
        insurance issuers, administrative systems to ensure that claims 
        which are submitted to more than one payor are coordinated and 
        duplicate payments are not made.
    ``(d) Reduction in Premium for Certain Low-Income Families.--For 
provisions reducing the premium under this section for certain low-
income families, see section 59B(d) of the Internal Revenue Code of 
1986.

``SEC. 2204. MEDIKIDS TRUST FUND.

    ``(a) Establishment of Trust Fund.--
            ``(1) In general.--There is hereby created on the books of 
        the Treasury of the United States a trust fund to be known as 
        the `MediKids Trust Fund' (in this section referred to as the 
        `Trust Fund'). The Trust Fund shall consist of such gifts and 
        bequests as may be made as provided in section 201(i)(1) and 
        such amounts as may be deposited in, or appropriated to, such 
        fund as provided in this title.
            ``(2) Premiums.--Premiums collected under section 59B of 
        the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 shall be periodically 
        transferred to the Trust Fund.
            ``(3) Transitional funding before receipt of premiums.--In 
        order to provide for funds in the Trust Fund to cover 
        expenditures from the fund in advance of receipt of premiums 
        under section 2203, there are transferred to the Trust Fund 
        from the general fund of the United States Treasury such 
        amounts as may be necessary.
    ``(b) Incorporation of Provisions.--
            ``(1) In general.--Subject to paragraph (2), subsection (b) 
        (other than the last sentence) and subsections (c) through (i) 
        of section 1841 shall apply with respect to the Trust Fund and 
        this title in the same manner as they apply with respect to the 
        Federal Supplementary Medical Insurance Trust Fund and part B, 
        respectively.
            ``(2) Miscellaneous references.--In applying provisions of 
        section 1841 under paragraph (1)--
                    ``(A) any reference in such section to `this part' 
                is construed to refer to title XXII;
                    ``(B) any reference in section 1841(h) to section 
                1840(d) and in section 1841(i) to sections 1840(b)(1) 
                and 1842(g) are deemed references to comparable 
                authority exercised under this title;
                    ``(C) payments may be made under section 1841(g) to 
                the Trust Funds under sections 1817 and 1841 as 
                reimbursement to such funds for payments they made for 
                benefits provided under this title; and
                    ``(D) the Board of Trustees of the MediKids Trust 
                Fund shall be the same as the Board of Trustees of the 
                Federal Supplementary Medical Insurance Trust Fund.

``SEC. 2205. OVERSIGHT AND ACCOUNTABILITY.

    ``(a) Periodic GAO Reports.--The Comptroller General of the United 
States shall periodically submit to Congress reports on the operation 
of the program under this title, including on the financing of coverage 
provided under this title.
    ``(b) Periodic MedPAC Reports.--The Medicare Payment Advisory 
Commission shall periodically report to Congress concerning the program 
under this title.

``SEC. 2206. INCLUSION OF CARE COORDINATION SERVICES.

    ``(a) In General.--
            ``(1) Program authority.--The Secretary, beginning in 2009, 
        may implement a care coordination services program in 
        accordance with the provisions of this section under which, in 
        appropriate circumstances, eligible individuals under section 
        2201 may elect to have health care services covered under this 
        title managed and coordinated by a designated care coordinator.
            ``(2) Administration by contract.--The Secretary may 
        administer the program under this section through a contract 
        with an appropriate program administrator.
            ``(3) Coverage.--Care coordination services furnished in 
        accordance with this section shall be treated under this title 
        as if they were included in the definition of medical and other 
        health services under section 1861(s) and benefits shall be 
        available under this title with respect to such services 
        without the application of any deductible or coinsurance.
    ``(b) Eligibility Criteria; Identification and Notification of 
Eligible Individuals.--
            ``(1) Individual eligibility criteria.--The Secretary shall 
        specify criteria to be used in making a determination as to 
        whether an individual may appropriately be enrolled in the care 
        coordination services program under this section, which shall 
        include at least a finding by the Secretary that for cohorts of 
        individuals with characteristics identified by the Secretary, 
        professional management and coordination of care can reasonably 
        be expected to improve processes or outcomes of health care and 
        to reduce aggregate costs to the programs under this title.
            ``(2) Procedures to facilitate enrollment.--The Secretary 
        shall develop and implement procedures designed to facilitate 
        enrollment of eligible individuals in the program under this 
        section.
    ``(c) Enrollment of Individuals.--
            ``(1) Secretary's determination of eligibility.--The 
        Secretary shall determine the eligibility for services under 
        this section of individuals who are enrolled in the program 
        under this section and who make application for such services 
        in such form and manner as the Secretary may prescribe.
            ``(2) Enrollment period.--
                    ``(A) Effective date and duration.--Enrollment of 
                an individual in the program under this section shall 
                be effective as of the first day of the month following 
                the month in which the Secretary approves the 
                individual's application under paragraph (1), shall 
                remain in effect for one month (or such longer period 
                as the Secretary may specify), and shall be 
                automatically renewed for additional periods, unless 
                terminated in accordance with such procedures as the 
                Secretary shall establish by regulation. Such 
                procedures shall permit an individual to disenroll for 
                cause at any time and without cause at re-enrollment 
                intervals.
                    ``(B) Limitation on reenrollment.--The Secretary 
                may establish limits on an individual's eligibility to 
                reenroll in the program under this section if the 
                individual has disenrolled from the program more than 
                once during a specified time period.
    ``(d) Program.--The care coordination services program under this 
section shall include the following elements:
            ``(1) Basic care coordination services.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Subject to the cost-
                effectiveness criteria specified in subsection (b)(1), 
                except as otherwise provided in this section, enrolled 
                individuals shall receive services described in section 
                1905(t)(1) and may receive additional items and 
                services as described in subparagraph (B).
                    ``(B) Additional benefits.--The Secretary may 
                specify additional benefits for which payment would not 
                otherwise be made under this title that may be 
                available to individuals enrolled in the program under 
                this section (subject to an assessment by the care 
                coordinator of an individual's circumstance and need 
                for such benefits) in order to encourage enrollment in, 
                or to improve the effectiveness of, such program.
            ``(2) Care coordination requirement.--Notwithstanding any 
        other provision of this title, the Secretary may provide that 
        an individual enrolled in the program under this section may be 
        entitled to payment under this title for any specified health 
        care items or services only if the items or services have been 
        furnished by the care coordinator, or coordinated through the 
        care coordination services program. Under such provision, the 
        Secretary shall prescribe exceptions for emergency medical 
        services as described in section 1852(d)(3), and other 
        exceptions determined by the Secretary for the delivery of 
        timely and needed care.
    ``(e) Care Coordinators.--
            ``(1) Conditions of participation.--In order to be 
        qualified to furnish care coordination services under this 
        section, an individual or entity shall--
                    ``(A) be a health care professional or entity 
                (which may include physicians, physician group 
                practices, or other health care professionals or 
                entities the Secretary may find appropriate) meeting 
                such conditions as the Secretary may specify;
                    ``(B) have entered into a care coordination 
                agreement; and
                    ``(C) meet such criteria as the Secretary may 
                establish (which may include experience in the 
                provision of care coordination or primary care 
                physician's services).
            ``(2) Agreement term; payment.--
                    ``(A) Duration and renewal.--A care coordination 
                agreement under this subsection shall be for one year 
                and may be renewed if the Secretary is satisfied that 
                the care coordinator continues to meet the conditions 
                of participation specified in paragraph (1).
                    ``(B) Payment for services.--The Secretary may 
                negotiate or otherwise establish payment terms and 
                rates for services described in subsection (d)(1).
                    ``(C) Liability.--Care coordinators shall be 
                subject to liability for actual health damages which 
                may be suffered by recipients as a result of the care 
                coordinator's decisions, failure or delay in making 
                decisions, or other actions as a care coordinator.
                    ``(D) Terms.--In addition to such other terms as 
                the Secretary may require, an agreement under this 
                section shall include the terms specified in 
                subparagraphs (A) through (C) of section 1905(t)(3).

``SEC. 2207. ADMINISTRATION AND MISCELLANEOUS.

    ``(a) In General.--Except as otherwise provided in this title--
            ``(1) the Secretary shall enter into appropriate contracts 
        with providers of services, other health care providers, 
        carriers, and fiscal intermediaries, taking into account the 
        types of contracts used under title XVIII with respect to such 
        entities, to administer the program under this title;
            ``(2) beneficiary protections for individuals enrolled 
        under this title shall not be less than the beneficiary 
        protections (including limits on balance billing) provided 
        medicare beneficiaries under title XVIII;
            ``(3) benefits described in section 2202 that are payable 
        under this title to such individuals shall be paid in a manner 
        specified by the Secretary (taking into account, and based to 
        the greatest extent practicable upon, the manner in which they 
        are provided under title XVIII); and
            ``(4) provider participation agreements under title XVIII 
        shall apply to enrollees and benefits under this title in the 
        same manner as they apply to enrollees and benefits under title 
        XVIII.
    ``(b) Coordination With Medicaid and SCHIP.--Notwithstanding any 
other provision of law, individuals entitled to benefits for items and 
services under this title who also qualify for benefits under title XIX 
or XXI or any other Federally funded health care program that provides 
basic health insurance coverage described in section 2203(a)(2) may 
continue to qualify and obtain benefits under such other title or 
program, and in such case such an individual shall elect either--
            ``(1) such other title or program to be primary payor to 
        benefits under this title, in which case no benefits shall be 
        payable under this title and the monthly premium under section 
        2203 shall be zero; or
            ``(2) benefits under this title shall be primary payor to 
        benefits provided under such title or program, in which case 
        the Secretary shall enter into agreements with States as may be 
        appropriate to provide that, in the case of such individuals, 
        the benefits under titles XIX and XXI or such other program 
        (including reduction of cost-sharing) are provided on a `wrap-
        around' basis to the benefits under this title.''.
    (b) Conforming Amendments to Social Security Act Provisions.--
            (1) Section 201(i)(1) of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 
        401(i)(1)) is amended by striking ``or the Federal 
        Supplementary Medical Insurance Trust Fund'' and inserting 
        ``the Federal Supplementary Medical Insurance Trust Fund, and 
        the MediKids Trust Fund''.
            (2) Section 201(g)(1)(A) of such Act (42 U.S.C. 
        401(g)(1)(A)) is amended by striking ``and the Federal 
        Supplementary Medical Insurance Trust Fund established by title 
        XVIII'' and inserting ``, the Federal Supplementary Medical 
        Insurance Trust Fund, and the MediKids Trust Fund established 
        by title XVIII''.
    (c) Maintenance of Medicaid Eligibility and Benefits for 
Children.--
            (1) In general.--In order for a State to continue to be 
        eligible for payments under section 1903(a) of the Social 
        Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1396b(a))--
                    (A) the State may not reduce standards of 
                eligibility, or benefits, provided under its State 
                medicaid plan under title XIX of the Social Security 
                Act or under its State child health plan under title 
                XXI of such Act for individuals under 23 years of age 
                below such standards of eligibility, and benefits, in 
                effect on the date of the enactment of this Act; and
                    (B) the State shall demonstrate to the satisfaction 
                of the Secretary of Health and Human Services that any 
                savings in State expenditures under title XIX or XXI of 
                the Social Security Act that results from children 
                enrolling under title XXII of such Act shall be used in 
                a manner that improves services to beneficiaries under 
                title XIX of such Act, such as through expansion of 
                eligibility, improved nurse and nurse aide staffing and 
                improved inspections of nursing facilities, and 
                coverage of additional services.
            (2) Medikids as primary payor.--In applying title XIX of 
        the Social Security Act, the MediKids program under title XXII 
        of such Act shall be treated as a primary payor in cases in 
        which the election described in section 2207(b)(2) of such Act, 
        as added by subsection (a), has been made.
    (d) Expansion of Medpac Membership to 19.--
            (1) In general.--Section 1805(c) of the Social Security Act 
        (42 U.S.C. 1395b-6(c)) is amended--
                    (A) in paragraph (1), by striking ``17'' and 
                inserting ``19''; and
                    (B) in paragraph (2)(B), by inserting ``experts in 
                children's health,'' after ``other health 
                professionals,''.
            (2) Initial terms of additional members.--
                    (A) In general.--For purposes of staggering the 
                initial terms of members of the Medicare Payment 
                Advisory Commission under section 1805(c)(3) of the 
                Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1395b-6(c)(3)), the 
                initial terms of the 2 additional members of the 
                Commission provided for by the amendment under 
                subsection (a)(1) are as follows:
                            (i) One member shall be appointed for 1 
                        year.
                            (ii) One member shall be appointed for 2 
                        years.
                    (B) Commencement of terms.--Such terms shall begin 
                on January 1, 2008.
            (3) Duties.--Section 1805(b)(1)(A) of such Act (42 U.S.C. 
        1395b-6(b)(1)(A)) is amended by inserting before the semicolon 
        at the end the following: ``and payment policies under title 
        XXII''.

SEC. 3. MEDIKIDS PREMIUM.

    (a) General Rule.--Subchapter A of chapter 1 of the Internal 
Revenue Code of 1986 (relating to determination of tax liability) is 
amended by adding at the end the following new part:

                     ``PART VIII--MEDIKIDS PREMIUM

``Sec. 59B. MediKids premium.

``SEC. 59B. MEDIKIDS PREMIUM.

    ``(a) Imposition of Tax.--In the case of a taxpayer to whom this 
section applies, there is hereby imposed (in addition to any other tax 
imposed by this subtitle) a MediKids premium for the taxable year.
    ``(b) Individuals Subject to Premium.--
            ``(1) In general.--This section shall apply to a taxpayer 
        if a MediKid is a dependent of the taxpayer for the taxable 
        year.
            ``(2) Medikid.--For purposes of this section, the term 
        `MediKid' means any individual enrolled in the MediKids program 
        under title XXII of the Social Security Act.
    ``(c) Amount of Premium.--For purposes of this section, the 
MediKids premium for a taxable year is the sum of the monthly premiums 
(for months in the taxable year) determined under section 2203 of the 
Social Security Act with respect to each MediKid who is a dependent of 
the taxpayer for the taxable year.
    ``(d) Exceptions Based on Adjusted Gross Income.--
            ``(1) Exemption for very low-income taxpayers.--
                    ``(A) In general.--No premium shall be imposed by 
                this section on any taxpayer having an adjusted gross 
                income not in excess of the exemption amount.
                    ``(B) Exemption amount.--For purposes of this 
                paragraph, the exemption amount is--
                            ``(i) $20,535 in the case of a taxpayer 
                        having 1 MediKid,
                            ``(ii) $25,755 in the case of a taxpayer 
                        having 2 MediKids,
                            ``(iii) $30,975 in the case of a taxpayer 
                        having 3 MediKids, and
                            ``(iv) $35,195 in the case of a taxpayer 
                        having 4 or more MediKids.
                    ``(C) Phaseout of exemption.--In the case of a 
                taxpayer having an adjusted gross income which exceeds 
                the exemption amount but does not exceed twice the 
                exemption amount, the premium shall be the amount which 
                bears the same ratio to the premium which would (but 
                for this subparagraph) apply to the taxpayer as such 
                excess bears to the exemption amount.
                    ``(D) Inflation adjustment of exemption amounts.--
                In the case of any taxable year beginning in a calendar 
                year after 2009, each dollar amount contained in 
                subparagraph (C) shall be increased by an amount equal 
                to the product of--
                            ``(i) such dollar amount, and
                            ``(ii) the cost-of-living adjustment 
                        determined under section 1(f)(3) for the 
                        calendar year in which the taxable year begins, 
                        determined by substituting `calendar year 2008' 
                        for `calendar year 1992' in subparagraph (B) 
                        thereof.
                If any increase determined under the preceding sentence 
                is not a multiple of $50, such increase shall be 
                rounded to the nearest multiple of $50.
            ``(2) Premium limited to 5 percent of adjusted gross 
        income.--In no event shall any taxpayer be required to pay a 
        premium under this section in excess of an amount equal to 5 
        percent of the taxpayer's adjusted gross income.
    ``(e) Coordination With Other Provisions.--
            ``(1) Not treated as medical expense.--For purposes of this 
        chapter, any premium paid under this section shall not be 
        treated as expense for medical care.
            ``(2) Not treated as tax for certain purposes.--The premium 
        paid under this section shall not be treated as a tax imposed 
        by this chapter for purposes of determining--
                    ``(A) the amount of any credit allowable under this 
                chapter, or
                    ``(B) the amount of the minimum tax imposed by 
                section 55.
            ``(3) Treatment under subtitle f.--For purposes of subtitle 
        F, the premium paid under this section shall be treated as if 
        it were a tax imposed by section 1.''.
    (b) Technical Amendments.--
            (1) Subsection (a) of section 6012 of such Code is amended 
        by inserting after paragraph (9) the following new paragraph:
            ``(10) Every individual liable for a premium under section 
        59B.''.
            (2) The table of parts for subchapter A of chapter 1 of 
        such Code is amended by adding at the end the following new 
        item:

                    ``Part VIII. MediKids Premium''.

    (c) Effective Date.--The amendments made by this section shall 
apply to months beginning after December 2008, in taxable years ending 
after such date.

SEC. 4. REFUNDABLE CREDIT FOR CERTAIN COST-SHARING EXPENSES UNDER 
              MEDIKIDS PROGRAM.

    (a) In General.--Subpart C of part IV of subchapter A of chapter 1 
of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (relating to refundable credits) 
is amended by redesignating section 36 as section 37 and by inserting 
after section 35 the following new section:

``SEC. 36. CATASTROPHIC LIMIT ON COST-SHARING EXPENSES UNDER MEDIKIDS 
              PROGRAM.

    ``(a) In General.--In the case of a taxpayer who has a MediKid (as 
defined in section 59B) at any time during the taxable year, there 
shall be allowed as a credit against the tax imposed by this subtitle 
an amount equal to the excess of--
            ``(1) the amount paid by the taxpayer during the taxable 
        year as cost-sharing under section 2202(b)(4) of the Social 
        Security Act, over
            ``(2) 5 percent of the taxpayer's adjusted gross income for 
        the taxable year.''.
    (b) Coordination With Other Provisions.--The excess described in 
subsection (a) shall not be taken into account in computing the amount 
allowable to the taxpayer as a deduction under section 162(l) or 
213(a).
    (c) Technical Amendments.--
            (1) The table of sections for subpart C of part IV of 
        subchapter A of chapter 1 of such Code is amended by 
        redesignating the item relating to section 36 as an item 
        relating to section 37 and by inserting before such item the 
        following new item:

``Sec. 36. Catastrophic limit on cost-sharing expenses under MediKids 
                            program.''.
            (2) Paragraph (2) of section 1324(b) of title 31, United 
        States Code, is amended by inserting ``, 36,'' after ``section 
        35''.
    (d) Effective Date.--The amendments made by this section shall 
apply to taxable years beginning after December 31, 2008.

SEC. 5. REPORT ON LONG-TERM REVENUES.

    Within one year after the date of the enactment of this Act, the 
Secretary of the Treasury shall propose a gradual schedule of 
progressive tax changes to fund the program under title XXII of the 
Social Security Act, as the number of enrollees grows in the out-years.
                                 <all>