[Congressional Bills 110th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[S. 2204 Introduced in Senate (IS)]







110th CONGRESS
  1st Session
                                S. 2204

To assist wildlife populations and wildlife habitats in adapting to and 
    surviving the effects of global warming, and for other purposes.


_______________________________________________________________________


                   IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES

                            October 18, 2007

 Mr. Whitehouse (for himself and Mrs. Boxer) introduced the following 
bill; which was read twice and referred to the Committee on Environment 
                            and Public Works

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL


 
To assist wildlife populations and wildlife habitats in adapting to and 
    surviving the effects of global warming, and for other purposes.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS.

    (a) Short Title.--This Act may be cited as the ``Global Warming 
Wildlife Survival Act''.
    (b) Table of Contents.--The table of contents of this Act is as 
follows:

Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents.
Sec. 2. Definitions.
            TITLE I--NATURAL RESOURCES AND WILDLIFE PROGRAMS

Sec. 101. Definitions.
         Subtitle A--National Policy and Strategy for Wildlife

Sec. 111. National policy on wildlife and global warming.
Sec. 112. National strategy.
Sec. 113. Advisory Board; National Global Warming and Wildlife Science 
                            Center.
Sec. 114. Authorization of appropriations.
          Subtitle B--State and Tribal Wildlife Grants Program

Sec. 121. State and tribal wildlife grants program.
                        TITLE II--OCEAN PROGRAMS

Sec. 201. Short title.
Sec. 202. Findings.
    Subtitle A--National Policy for Ocean, Coastal, and Great Lakes 
                    Ecosystem Health and Resiliency

Sec. 211. National policy on ocean, coastal, and great lakes ecosystem 
                            health and resiliency.
Sec. 212. National ocean, coastal, and Great Lakes resiliency strategy.
Sec. 213. Advisory Board.
Sec. 214. Implementation of national strategy.
Sec. 215. Reports.
Sec. 216. Authorization of appropriations.
        Subtitle B--Planning for Climate Change in Coastal Zone

Sec. 221. Planning for climate change in coastal zone.
             TITLE III--SPECIAL IMPERILED SPECIES PROGRAMS

Sec. 301. Definitions.
Sec. 302. Regional ecological symposia.
Sec. 303. National Academy of Sciences report.

SEC. 2. DEFINITIONS.

    In this Act:
            (1) Ecological processes.--
                    (A) In general.--The term ``ecological processes'' 
                means the biological, chemical, and physical 
                interactions between the biotic and abiotic components 
                of an ecosystem.
                    (B) Inclusions.--The term ``ecological processes'' 
                includes--
                            (i) nutrient cycling;
                            (ii) pollination;
                            (iii) predator-prey relationships;
                            (iv) soil formation;
                            (v) gene flow;
                            (vi) hydrologic cycling;
                            (vii) decomposition; and
                            (viii) disturbance regimes, such as fire 
                        and flooding.
            (2) Habitat.--
                    (A) In general.--The term ``habitat'' means the 
                physical, chemical, and biological properties that are 
                used by wildlife for growth, reproduction, and 
                survival.
                    (B) Inclusions.--The term ``habitat'' includes 
                aquatic and terrestrial plant communities, food, water, 
                cover, and space on a tract of land, in a body of 
                water, or in an area or region.
            (3) Indian tribe.--The term ``Indian tribe'' has the 
        meaning given the term in section 4 of the Indian Self-
        Determination and Education Assistance Act (25 U.S.C. 450b).
            (4) Wildlife.--The term ``wildlife'' means--
                    (A) any species of wild, free-ranging fauna, 
                including fish and other aquatic species; and
                    (B) any fauna in a captive breeding program the 
                object of which is to reintroduce individuals of a 
                depleted indigenous species into previously occupied 
                range.

            TITLE I--NATURAL RESOURCES AND WILDLIFE PROGRAMS

SEC. 101. DEFINITIONS.

    In this title:
            (1) Advisory board.--The term ``Advisory Board'' means the 
        Advisory Board established under section 113(a).
            (2) Habitat linkage.--The term ``habitat linkage'' means an 
        area that--
                    (A) connects wildlife habitat or potential wildlife 
                habitat; and
                    (B) facilitates the ability of wildlife to move 
                within a landscape in response to the effects of global 
                warming.
            (3) National strategy.--The term ``national strategy'' 
        means the national strategy established under section 112.
            (4) Secretary.--The term ``Secretary'' means the Secretary 
        of the Interior.

         Subtitle A--National Policy and Strategy for Wildlife

SEC. 111. NATIONAL POLICY ON WILDLIFE AND GLOBAL WARMING.

    It is the policy of the Federal Government, in cooperation with 
State, tribal, and affected local governments, other concerned public 
and private organizations, landowners, and citizens to use all 
practicable means and measures--
            (1) to assist wildlife populations and wildlife habitats in 
        adapting to and surviving the effects of global warming; and
            (2) to ensure the persistence and resilience of the 
        wildlife of the United States, together with wildlife habitat, 
        as an essential part of the culture, landscape, and natural 
        resources of the United States.

SEC. 112. NATIONAL STRATEGY.

    (a) Requirement.--
            (1) In general.--Not later than 2 years after the date of 
        enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall implement the 
        national policy under section 111 by establishing a national 
        strategy for assisting wildlife populations and wildlife 
        habitats in adapting to the impact of global warming.
            (2) Administration.--In establishing the national strategy, 
        the Secretary shall--
                    (A) base the national strategy on the best 
                available science, as provided by the Advisory Board;
                    (B) develop the national strategy in cooperation 
                with State fish and wildlife agencies and Indian 
                tribes;
                    (C) consult with--
                            (i) the Secretary of Agriculture;
                            (ii) the Secretary of Commerce;
                            (iii) the Administrator of the 
                        Environmental Protection Agency;
                            (iv) local governments;
                            (v) conservation organizations;
                            (vi) scientists; and
                            (vii) other interested stakeholders; and
                    (D) provide public notice and opportunity for 
                comment.
    (b) Contents.--
            (1) In general.--The Secretary shall include in the 
        national strategy prioritized goals and measures and a plan for 
        implementation (including a timeframe)--
                    (A) to identify and monitor wildlife populations, 
                including game species, that are likely to be adversely 
                affected by global warming, with particular emphasis on 
                wildlife populations with the greatest need for 
                conservation;
                    (B) to identify and monitor coastal, marine, 
                terrestrial, and fresh water habitats that are at the 
                greatest risk of being damaged by global warming;
                    (C) assist species in adapting to the impact of 
                global warming;
                    (D) protect, acquire, and restore wildlife habitat 
                to build resilience to global warming;
                    (E) provide habitat linkages and corridors to 
                facilitate wildlife movements in response to global 
                warming;
                    (F) restore and protect ecological processes that 
                sustain wildlife populations that are vulnerable to 
                global warming; and
                    (G) incorporate consideration of climate change in, 
                and integrate climate change adaptation strategies for 
                wildlife and wildlife habitat into, the planning and 
                management of Federal land administered by the 
                Department of the Interior and land administered by the 
                Forest Service.
            (2) Coordination with other plans.--In developing the 
        national strategy, the Secretary shall, to the maximum extent 
        practicable--
                    (A) take into consideration research and 
                information contained in--
                            (i) State comprehensive wildlife 
                        conservation plans;
                            (ii) the North American Waterfowl 
                        Management Plan;
                            (iii) the National Fish Habitat Action 
                        Plan; and
                            (iv) other relevant plans; and
                    (B) coordinate and integrate, to the extent 
                consistent with the policy established under section 
                111, the goals and measures identified in the national 
                strategy with goals and measures identified in those 
                plans.
    (c) Revisions.--Not later than 5 years after the date of the 
initial establishment of the national strategy and every 10 years 
thereafter, the Secretary shall revise the national strategy to 
reflect--
            (1) new information on the impact of global warming on 
        wildlife and wildlife habitat; and
            (2) advances in the development of strategies for adapting 
        to or mitigating the impact.
    (d) Implementation.--
            (1) Implementation on federal land systems.--To achieve the 
        goals of the national strategy and to implement measures for 
        the conservation of wildlife and wildlife habitat identified in 
        the national strategy--
                    (A) the Secretary of the Interior shall exercise 
                the authority of the Secretary under this title and 
                other laws within the jurisdiction of the Secretary 
                pertaining to the administration of land; and
                    (B) the Secretary of Agriculture shall exercise the 
                authority of the Secretary of Agriculture under this 
                title and other laws within the jurisdiction of the 
                Secretary pertaining to the administration of land.
            (2) Wildlife conservation programs.--To the maximum extent 
        practicable, the Secretary, the Secretary of Agriculture, and 
        the Secretary of Commerce shall use the authorities of the 
        respective Secretary under other laws to achieve the goals of 
        the national strategy.
    (e) Limitation on Effect.--Nothing in this section creates new 
authority or expands any existing authority for the Secretary to 
regulate the use of private property.

SEC. 113. ADVISORY BOARD; NATIONAL GLOBAL WARMING AND WILDLIFE SCIENCE 
              CENTER.

    (a) Advisory Board.--
            (1) In general.--The Secretary shall establish and appoint 
        the members of an Advisory Board that is composed of--
                    (A) not less than 10, and not more than 20, members 
                recommended by the President of the National Academy of 
                Sciences with expertise in wildlife biology, ecology, 
                climate change, and other relevant disciplines; and
                    (B) the Director of the National Global Warming and 
                Wildlife Science Center established under subsection 
                (b), who shall be an ex officio member of the Advisory 
                Board.
            (2) Functions.--The Advisory Board shall--
                    (A) provide scientific and technical advice and 
                recommendations to the Secretary on--
                            (i) the impact of global warming on 
                        wildlife and wildlife habitat;
                            (ii) areas of habitat of particular 
                        importance for the conservation of wildlife 
                        populations affected by global warming; and
                            (iii) strategies and mechanisms to assist 
                        wildlife populations and wildlife habitats in 
                        adapting to the impact of global warming on the 
                        management of Federal land and in other Federal 
                        programs for wildlife conservation;
                    (B) advise the National Global Warming and Wildlife 
                Science Center established under subsection (b) and 
                review the research programs of the Center; and
                    (C) advise the Secretary regarding the best science 
                available for purposes of developing and revising the 
                national strategy established under section 112.
            (3) Public availability.--The advice and recommendations of 
        the Advisory Board shall be available to the public.
    (b) National Global Warming and Wildlife Science Center.--
            (1) In general.--The Secretary shall establish a National 
        Global Warming and Wildlife Science Center within the United 
        States Geological Survey.
            (2) Director.--The Center shall be headed by a Director, 
        appointed by the Secretary.
            (3) Functions.--The Center shall--
                    (A) conduct scientific research on national issues 
                relating to the impact of global warming on wildlife 
                and wildlife habitat and mechanisms for adaptation to, 
                mitigation of, or prevention of the impact;
                    (B) consult with and advise Federal land management 
                agencies and Federal wildlife agencies on--
                            (i) the impact of global warming on 
                        wildlife and wildlife habitat and mechanisms 
                        for adaptation to or mitigation of the impact; 
                        and
                            (ii) the incorporation of information 
                        regarding the impact and the adoption of 
                        mechanisms for adaptation or mitigation of the 
                        impact in the management and planning for 
                        Federal land and in the administration of 
                        Federal wildlife programs; and
                    (C) consult and, to the maximum extent practicable, 
                collaborate with State and local agencies, institutions 
                of higher education, and other public and private 
                entities regarding research, monitoring, and other 
                efforts to address the impact of global warming on 
                wildlife and wildlife habitat.
            (4) Integration with other federal activities.--The 
        Secretary, the Secretary of Agriculture, and the Secretary of 
        Commerce shall ensure that research and other activities 
        carried out under this section are integrated with climate 
        change program research and activities carried out under other 
        Federal law.
    (c) Detection of Changes.--The Secretary, the Secretary of 
Agriculture, and the Secretary of Commerce shall use existing 
authorities to each carry out programs to detect changes in wildlife 
abundance, distribution, and behavior related to global warming, 
including--
            (1) conducting species inventories on Federal land and in 
        marine areas within the exclusive economic zone of the United 
        States; and
            (2) establishing and implementing robust, coordinated 
        monitoring programs.

SEC. 114. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

    (a) In General.--There are authorized to be appropriated such sums 
as are necessary to carry out this subtitle.
    (b) Implementation of National Strategy.--Of the amount that is 
made available to carry out this subtitle for each fiscal year--
            (1) 45 percent of the amount shall be made available to 
        Federal agencies to develop and implement the national strategy 
        established under section 112 in the administration of Federal 
        land systems, of which not less than--
                    (A) 35 percent shall be allocated to the Department 
                of the Interior--
                            (i) to operate the National Global Warming 
                        and Wildlife Science Center established under 
                        section 113(b); and
                            (ii) to carry out the policy established 
                        under section 111, and implement the national 
                        strategy, in the administration of--
                                    (I) the National Park System;
                                    (II) the National Wildlife Refuge 
                                System; and
                                    (III) public land of the Bureau of 
                                Land Management; and
                    (B) 10 percent shall be allocated to the Department 
                of Agriculture to carry out the policy established 
                under section 111, and implement the national strategy, 
                in the administration of the National Forest System;
            (2) 25 percent of the amount shall be made available to 
        Federal agencies to carry out the policy established under 
        section 111, and to implement the national strategy, in the 
        administration of fish and wildlife programs (other than for 
        the operation and maintenance of Federal land), of which--
                    (A) 10 percent shall be allocated to the Department 
                of the Interior to carry out endangered species, 
                migratory bird, and other fish and wildlife programs 
                administered by the United States Fish and Wildlife 
                Service, other than operations and maintenance of the 
                National Wildlife Refuges; and
                    (B) 15 percent shall be allocated to the Department 
                of the Interior to implement or fund activities that 
                assist wildlife and wildlife habitat in adapting to the 
                impact of global warming under applicable cooperative 
                grant programs, including--
                            (i) grants from the cooperative endangered 
                        species conservation fund established under 
                        section 6(i) of the Endangered Species Act of 
                        1973 (16 U.S.C. 1535(i));
                            (ii) Private Stewardship Grants;
                            (iii) grants from the North American 
                        Wetlands Conservation Act (16 U.S.C. 4401 et 
                        seq.);
                            (iv) grants from the multinational species 
                        conservation fund established under the heading 
                        ``multinational species conservation fund'' of 
                        title I of the Department of the Interior and 
                        Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 1999 (16 
                        U.S.C. 4246);
                            (v) grants from the Neotropical Migratory 
                        Bird Conservation Fund established by section 
                        9(a) of the Neotropical Migratory Bird 
                        Conservation Act (16 U.S.C. 6108(a)); and
                            (vi) grants under the National Fish Habitat 
                        Action Plan; and
            (3) 30 percent of the amount shall be made available for 
        grants to States and Indian tribes through the State and tribal 
        wildlife grants program authorized under section 121--
                    (A) to carry out activities that assist wildlife 
                and wildlife habitat in adapting to the impact of 
                global warming in accordance with State comprehensive 
                wildlife conservation plans developed and approved 
                under the program; and
                    (B) to revise or supplement existing State 
                comprehensive wildlife conservation plans as necessary 
                to include specific strategies for assisting wildlife 
                and wildlife habitat in adapting to the impact of 
                global warming.
    (c) Availability to States and Indian Tribes.--
            (1) In general.--Subject to paragraphs (2) and (3), funding 
        under this section may be made available to States and Indian 
        tribes in accordance with this section.
            (2) Initial 5-year period.--During the 5-year period 
        beginning on the date of enactment of this Act, a State shall 
        not be eligible to receive funds under this section unless the 
        head of the wildlife agency of the State has--
                    (A) approved, and provided to the Secretary, an 
                express strategy to assist wildlife populations in 
                adapting to the impact of global warming in the State; 
                and
                    (B) incorporated the strategy as a supplement to 
                the comprehensive wildlife conservation plan of the 
                State.
            (3) Subsequent period.--After the 5-year period described 
        in paragraph (2), a State shall not be eligible to receive 
        funds under this section unless the State has submitted to the 
        Secretary, and the Secretary has approved, a revision to the 
        comprehensive wildlife conservation plan of the State that--
                    (A) describes the impact of global warming on the 
                diversity and health of the wildlife populations and 
                habitat of the State;
                    (B) describes and prioritizes proposed conservation 
                actions to assist wildlife populations in adapting to 
                the impact;
                    (C) establishes programs for monitoring the impact 
                of global warming on wildlife populations and wildlife 
                habitat; and
                    (D) establishes methods for--
                            (i) assessing the effectiveness of 
                        conservation actions taken to assist wildlife 
                        populations in adapting to the impact; and
                            (ii) adapting the actions to respond 
                        appropriately to new information or changing 
                        conditions.
    (d) Maintenance of Effort.--It is the intent of Congress that 
funding provided under this subtitle supplements (and not supplants) 
existing sources of funding for wildlife conservation.

          Subtitle B--State and Tribal Wildlife Grants Program

SEC. 121. STATE AND TRIBAL WILDLIFE GRANTS PROGRAM.

    (a) Authorization of Program.--The Secretary shall establish a 
State and tribal wildlife grants program under which the Secretary 
shall provide wildlife conservation grants to States, the District of 
Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, Guam, American Samoa, the 
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, the United States Virgin 
Islands, and Indian tribes for the planning, development, and 
implementation of programs for the benefit of wildlife and wildlife 
habitat, including species that are not hunted or fished.
    (b) Allocation of Funds.--
            (1) In general.--Subject to paragraph (2), of the amount 
        that is made available to carry out this section for each 
        fiscal year--
                    (A) 10 percent shall be used to conduct a 
                competitive grant program for Indian tribes that are 
                not subject to any other provision of this section;
                    (B) of the amount remaining after the application 
                of subparagraph (A) and after the deduction of the 
                administrative expenses incurred by the Secretary to 
                carry out this section--
                            (i) not more than \1/2\ of 1 percent shall 
                        be allocated to provide grants to each of--
                                    (I) the District of Columbia; and
                                    (II) the Commonwealth of Puerto 
                                Rico; and
                            (ii) not more than \1/4\ of 1 percent shall 
                        be allocated to each of--
                                    (I) Guam;
                                    (II) American Samoa;
                                    (III) the Commonwealth of the 
                                Northern Mariana Islands; and
                                    (IV) the United States Virgin 
                                Islands; and
                    (C) of the amount remaining after the application 
                of subparagraphs (A) and (B), the Secretary shall 
                apportion among the States--
                            (i) \1/3\ based on the ratio that the land 
                        area of each State bears to the total land area 
                        of all States; and
                            (ii) \2/3\ based on the ratio that the 
                        population of each State bears to the total 
                        population of all States.
            (2) Adjustments.--The amount apportioned under paragraph 
        (1)(C) for a fiscal year shall be adjusted equitably so that no 
        State is apportioned under that subparagraph an amount that 
        is--
                    (A) less than 1 percent of the amount available for 
                apportionment under that subparagraph for the fiscal 
                year; or
                    (B) more than 5 percent of the amount.
    (c) Cost Sharing.--
            (1) Plan development grants.--The Federal share of the 
        costs of developing or revising a comprehensive wildlife 
        conservation plan shall not exceed 75 percent of the total 
        costs of developing or revising the plan.
            (2) Plan implementation grants.--The Federal share of the 
        costs of carrying out an activity under an approved 
        comprehensive wildlife conservation plan carried out with a 
        grant under this section shall not exceed 50 percent of the 
        total costs of carrying out the activity.
            (3) Prohibition on use of federal funds.--The non-Federal 
        share of costs of an activity carried out under this section 
        shall not be paid with amounts derived from any Federal grant 
        program.
    (d) Requirement for Plan.--
            (1) In general.--No State, territory, possession, or other 
        jurisdiction (referred to in this subsection as an ``eligible 
        jurisdiction'') shall be eligible for a grant under this 
        section unless the eligible jurisdiction submits to the 
        Secretary a comprehensive wildlife conservation plan that--
                    (A) complies with paragraph (2); and
                    (B) considers the broad range of wildlife and 
                associated habitats of the eligible jurisdiction, with 
                appropriate priority placed on species with the 
                greatest conservation need and taking into 
                consideration the relative level of funding available 
                for the conservation of those species.
            (2) Contents.--The comprehensive wildlife conservation plan 
        of an eligible jurisdiction shall contain--
                    (A) information on the distribution and abundance 
                of species of wildlife (including low and declining 
                populations as the fish and wildlife agency of the 
                eligible jurisdiction considers appropriate) that are 
                indicative of the diversity and health of the wildlife 
                of the eligible jurisdiction;
                    (B) information on the location and relative 
                condition of key habitats and community types essential 
                to the conservation of species identified under 
                subparagraph (A);
                    (C) a description of--
                            (i) problems that may adversely affect 
                        species identified under subparagraph (A) or 
                        the habitats of the species; and
                            (ii) priority research and survey efforts 
                        that are needed to identify factors that may 
                        assist in the restoration and improved 
                        conservation of those species and habitats;
                    (D) a description of conservation actions proposed 
                to conserve the identified species and habitats and 
                priorities for implementing the actions;
                    (E) a proposed plan for monitoring species 
                identified under subparagraph (A) and the habitats of 
                the species, for--
                            (i) monitoring the effectiveness of the 
                        conservation actions proposed under 
                        subparagraph (D); and
                            (ii) adapting the conservation actions to 
                        respond appropriately to new information or 
                        changing conditions;
                    (F) a description of procedures to review the 
                comprehensive wildlife conservation plan at intervals 
                of not to exceed 10 years;
                    (G) a plan for coordinating the development, 
                implementation, review, and revision of the 
                comprehensive wildlife conservation plan with Federal, 
                State, and local agencies and Indian tribes that manage 
                significant land and water areas within the 
                jurisdiction or administer programs that significantly 
                affect the conservation of identified species and 
                habitats; and
                    (H) provisions that provide an opportunity for 
                broad public participation as an essential element of 
                the development, revision, and implementation of the 
                comprehensive wildlife conservation plan.
    (e) Existing Strategies and Activities.--
            (1) Strategies.--A State comprehensive wildlife strategy 
        that was approved by the Secretary pursuant to a provision of 
        law in effect on the day before the date of enactment of this 
        Act shall remain in effect until the authority for the strategy 
        expires or is revised in accordance with the terms of the 
        strategy.
            (2) Activities.--Except as specified in section 114(c), 
        funds made available under this section may be used to carry 
        out conservation and education activities conducted or proposed 
        to be conducted pursuant to a strategy described in paragraph 
        (1).
    (f) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be 
appropriated such sums as are necessary to carry out this section.

                        TITLE II--OCEAN PROGRAMS

SEC. 201. SHORT TITLE.

    This title may be cited as the ``Global Warming and Acidification 
Coastal and Ocean Resiliency Act''.

SEC. 202. FINDINGS.

    Congress finds that--
            (1) healthy, diverse, and productive coastal, ocean, and 
        Great Lakes ecosystems, communities, and habitats are critical 
        to securing the full range of natural resource benefits for the 
        United States;
            (2) healthy ecosystems are more resilient than degraded 
        ecosystems;
            (3) resilient ecosystems can better adapt to changing 
        environmental conditions, including global warming and ocean 
        acidification;
            (4) the effects of global warming, including relative sea 
        level rise and ocean acidification pose significant threats to 
        healthy ocean, coastal, and Great Lakes ecosystems; and
            (5) policies and programs designed to ensure the recovery, 
        resilience, and health of coastal, ocean, and Great Lakes 
        ecosystems and the resources of the ecosystems in the face of 
        environmental change are an urgent national priority.

    Subtitle A--National Policy for Ocean, Coastal, and Great Lakes 
                    Ecosystem Health and Resiliency

SEC. 211. NATIONAL POLICY ON OCEAN, COASTAL, AND GREAT LAKES ECOSYSTEM 
              HEALTH AND RESILIENCY.

    It is the policy of the Federal Government, in cooperation with 
State, tribal, and affected local governments, other concerned public 
and private organizations, coastal and ocean resource users, and 
citizens to take effective measures--
            (1) to ensure the recovery, resiliency, and health of 
        ocean, coastal, and Great Lakes ecosystems;
            (2) to predict, plan for, and mitigate the impact on 
        coastal, ocean, and Great Lakes ecosystems from global warming, 
        including relative sea level rise, and from ocean 
        acidification;
            (3) to plan for and mitigate the impact of the development 
        of offshore alternative energy resources and appropriate carbon 
        capture and sequestration activities; and
            (4) to cooperate and collaborate to support improved and 
        enhanced ocean and coastal management in the United States.

SEC. 212. NATIONAL OCEAN, COASTAL, AND GREAT LAKES RESILIENCY STRATEGY.

    (a) Requirement.--
            (1) In general.--Not later than 2 years after the date of 
        enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Commerce (referred to 
        in this title as the ``Secretary'') shall implement the 
        national policy under section 211 by establishing a national 
        strategy to protect, maintain, and restore coastal and marine 
        ecosystems so that the ecosystems are more resilient and better 
        able to withstand the additional stresses associated with 
        global warming, including relative sea level rise, and with 
        ocean acidification.
            (2) Measures.--In establishing the national strategy, the 
        Secretary shall provide for research and design of practical 
        measures--
                    (A) to avoid, alleviate, or mitigate the impact of 
                global warming, including relative sea level rise, and 
                of ocean acidification on ocean, coastal, and Great 
                Lakes ecosystems and resources in the United States; 
                and
                    (B) to ensure the recovery, resiliency, and health 
                of ocean, coastal, and Great Lakes ecosystems.
            (3) Administration.--Before and during the development of 
        the national strategy, the Secretary shall--
                    (A) base the national strategy on the best 
                available science;
                    (B) consult with--
                            (i) the Secretary of the Interior;
                            (ii) the Administrator of the Environmental 
                        Protection Agency;
                            (iii) Regional Fishery Management Councils;
                            (iv) State coastal management and fish and 
                        wildlife agencies;
                            (v) Indian tribes;
                            (vi) local governments;
                            (vii) conservation organizations;
                            (viii) scientists; and
                            (ix) other interested stakeholders; and
                    (C) provide public notice and opportunity for 
                comment.
    (b) Contents.--
            (1) In general.--The Secretary shall include in the 
        national strategy prioritized goals and measures and a plan for 
        implementation (including a timeframe)--
                    (A) to incorporate climate change adaptation 
                strategies into the planning and management of ocean 
                and coastal programs and resources administered by the 
                Department of Commerce;
                    (B) to incorporate the strategies into the planning 
                and management of ocean and coastal resources 
                administered by Federal and non-Federal governmental 
                entities other than the Department of Commerce;
                    (C) to support predictions of relative sea level 
                rise;
                    (D) to protect, maintain, and restore coastal and 
                marine ecosystems so that the ecosystems are more 
                resilient and better able to withstand the additional 
                stresses associated with global warming, including 
                relative sea level rise, and with ocean acidification;
                    (E) to protect ocean and coastal species from the 
                impact of global warming and ocean acidification;
                    (F) to incorporate adaptation strategies for 
                relative sea level rise into coastal zone planning;
                    (G) to protect and restore ocean and coastal 
                habitats to build healthy and resilient ecosystems, 
                including the purchase of coastal and island land; and
                    (H) to promote the development of plans to mitigate 
                at the community level the economic consequences of 
                global warming, including relative sea level rise and 
                ocean acidification.
            (2) Coordination with other plans.--In developing the 
        national strategy, the Secretary shall, to the maximum extent 
        practicable--
                    (A) take into consideration research and 
                information contained in--
                            (i) Federal, regional, and State management 
                        and restoration plans;
                            (ii) the reports of the Pew Oceans 
                        Commission and the United States Commission on 
                        Ocean Policy; and
                            (iii) any other relevant reports and 
                        information; and
                    (B) encourage and take into account regional plans 
                for protecting and restoring the health and resilience 
                of ocean and coastal ecosystems, including the Great 
                Lakes.
    (c) Revisions.--Not later than 5 years after the date of the 
initial establishment of the national strategy and each 10 years 
thereafter, the Secretary shall revise the national strategy to 
reflect--
            (1) new information on the impact of global warming, 
        including relative sea level rise, and of acidification on 
        ocean, coastal and Great Lakes ecosystems and the resources of 
        the ecosystems; and
            (2) advances in the development of strategies for adapting 
        to or mitigating for the impact.
    (d) Implementation.--To achieve the goals of the national strategy, 
each Federal agency shall (directly and in cooperation with other 
agencies) implement measures for the conservation of ocean, coastal, 
and Great Lakes ecosystems under the jurisdiction of the Federal agency 
that promote the national strategy established under this section.

SEC. 213. ADVISORY BOARD.

    (a) In General.--The Secretary shall establish and appoint the 
members of an Advisory Board that is composed of not less than 10, and 
not more than 20, members recommended by the President of the National 
Academy of Sciences with expertise in ocean, coastal, and Great Lakes 
biology, ecology, fisheries, climate change, ocean acidification, and 
other relevant disciplines, including economics at the community level.
    (b) Function.--The Advisory Board shall--
            (1) provide scientific and technical advice and 
        recommendations to the Secretary on--
                    (A) the impact of global warming, including 
                relative sea level rise, and of acidification on ocean 
                and coastal ecosystems, resources, ecological and 
                coastal communities, and habitats; and
                    (B) strategies and mechanisms to mitigate the 
                impact of global warming, including relative sea level 
                rise, and of acidification on ocean and coastal 
                ecosystems;
            (2) advise the Secretary on priorities for research or 
        information collection; and
            (3) advise the Secretary on priority needs for achieving 
        systematic improvements in ocean and coastal resiliency for the 
        purposes of section 212.

SEC. 214. IMPLEMENTATION OF NATIONAL STRATEGY.

    (a) In General.--Of the amount that is made available to carry out 
this subtitle for each fiscal year--
            (1) 40 percent shall be made available for the carrying out 
        of Federal responsibilities to develop and implement the 
        national strategy established under section 212; and
            (2) 60 percent shall be used to make grants under 
        subsection (b).
    (b) Grants.--
            (1) In general.--The Secretary shall make grants to 
        eligible entities to pay the Federal share (as determined by 
        the Secretary) to carry out activities that contribute to or 
        result in protecting, maintaining, or restoring the resilience 
        and health of coastal, ocean, and Great Lakes ecosystems and 
        resources, including planning and scientific research to 
        support such purposes.
            (2) Eligible entities.--To be eligible to receive a grant 
        under this subsection, an entity shall be--
                    (A) a Federal agency;
                    (B) an agency of a State or political subdivision;
                    (C) a regional partnership;
                    (D) an Indian tribe;
                    (E) an institution of higher education; or
                    (F) a nongovernmental organization.
            (3) Eligible uses.--A grant provided under this subsection 
        may only be used to carry out an activity described in 
        paragraph (1) that is approved by the Secretary.
            (4) Prioritization.--In approving applications under this 
        subsection, the Secretary shall give priority to proposals 
        that--
                    (A) implement measures to enhance the health or 
                resilience of coastal, ocean, or Great Lakes areas of 
                national significance, including biological, 
                historical, and cultural measures;
                    (B) result in systematic improvements to the 
                resilience and health of coastal and ocean ecosystems 
                and resources;
                    (C) are sufficiently cooperative and broad in 
                geographic scope to address the problem or need; and
                    (D) demonstrate cost-effectiveness based on 
                ecosystems services provided per dollar of Federal 
                expenditure, including consideration of the potential 
                for a funding match.
            (5) Guidance.--The Secretary shall issue guidance regarding 
        a process for--
                    (A) the approval or disapproval of applications for 
                grants under this subsection, including opportunities 
                for public comment; and
                    (B) the establishment of annual and multiyear 
                national funding priorities.
            (6) Evaluation.--
                    (A) In general.--The Secretary shall establish a 
                system to provide for an annual external evaluation of 
                each grant that measures the progress of implementation 
                of the grant against the goals and objectives of the 
                grant project.
                    (B) Public availability.--The Secretary shall make 
                the results of the evaluations publicly available.

SEC. 215. REPORTS.

    (a) National Academy of Sciences.--The Secretary shall enter into 
an arrangement with the National Academy of Sciences under which the 
Academy shall report to Congress, not later than 2 years after the date 
of enactment of this Act, on the current and projected impact of global 
warming, including relative sea level rise, of ocean acidification, and 
on effective mitigation strategies for the ocean, coastal, and Great 
Lakes ecosystems and resources of the United States.
    (b) Report to Congress.--The Secretary shall make available to 
Congress a copy of the strategy and implementation plan established 
under this subtitle (including any updates to the strategy and plan).

SEC. 216. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

    There are authorized to be appropriated such sums as are necessary 
to carry out this subtitle.

        Subtitle B--Planning for Climate Change in Coastal Zone

SEC. 221. PLANNING FOR CLIMATE CHANGE IN COASTAL ZONE.

    (a) In General.--The Coastal Zone Management Act of 1972 (16 U.S.C. 
1451 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the following:

``SEC. 320. CLIMATE CHANGE RESILIENCY PLANNING.

    ``(a) Definitions.--In this section, the terms `ecological 
processes', `habitat', and `wildlife' have the meanings given those 
terms in section 2 of the Global Warming Wildlife Survival Act.
    ``(b) Program.--The Secretary shall establish, consistent with the 
national policies established under section 303, a coastal climate 
change resiliency planning and response program to--
            ``(1) provide assistance to coastal states to develop and 
        implement coastal climate change resiliency plans pursuant to 
        approved management programs approved under section 306, to 
        prepare for and reduce, in an environmentally sensitive manner, 
        the negative consequences to the coastal zone that may result 
        from global warming and ocean acidification; and
            ``(2) provide financial and technical assistance and 
        training to enable coastal states to implement plans developed 
        pursuant to this section through enforceable policies of the 
        coastal states.
    ``(c) Guidelines.--Not later than 180 days after the date of 
enactment of this section, the Secretary, in consultation with the 
coastal states, shall issue guidelines for the implementation of the 
grant program established under subsection (d).
    ``(d) Climate Change Resiliency Planning Grants.--
            ``(1) In general.--Subject to the availability of 
        appropriations, the Secretary may make a grant to any coastal 
        state for the purpose of developing and implementing climate 
        change resiliency plans pursuant to guidelines issued by the 
        Secretary under subsection (c).
            ``(2) Plan content.--
                    ``(A) In general.--A plan developed with a grant 
                under this section shall include adaptation strategies 
                for fish and wildlife, fish and wildlife habitat, and 
                associated ecological process as are necessary to 
                assist fish and wildlife, fish and wildlife habitat, 
                and associated ecological processes to adapt to, become 
                resilient to, and mitigate the impact of, global 
                warming and ocean acidification.
                    ``(B) Inclusions.--The plans shall specifically 
                include--
                            ``(i) adaptive management strategies for 
                        land and water use to respond or adapt to 
                        changing environmental conditions, including 
                        strategies to protect biodiversity and 
                        establish habitat buffer zones, migration 
                        corridors, and climate refugia; and
                            ``(ii) requirements--
                                    ``(I) to initiate and maintain 
                                long-term monitoring of environmental 
                                change to assess coastal zone 
                                resiliency; and
                                    ``(II) if necessary, to adjust 
                                adaptive management strategies and new 
                                planning guidelines to attain the 
                                policies under section 303.
            ``(3) Allocation.--Grants under this section shall be--
                    ``(A) available only to coastal states with 
                management programs approved by the Secretary under 
                section 306; and
                    ``(B) allocated among the coastal states in a 
                manner consistent with regulations promulgated pursuant 
                to section 306(c).
            ``(4) Priority.--In the awarding grants under this 
        subsection, the Secretary may give priority to any coastal 
        state that has received grant funding to develop program 
        changes pursuant to paragraphs (1), (2), (3), (5), (6), (7), 
        and (8) of section 309(a).
            ``(5) Technical assistance.--The Secretary may provide 
        technical assistance to a coastal state (consistent with 
        section 310) to ensure the timely development of plans 
        supported by grants awarded under this subsection.
            ``(6) Federal approval.--In order to be eligible for a 
        grant under subsection (e), a coastal state shall have the plan 
        of the coastal state developed under this section approved by 
        the Secretary.
    ``(e) Coastal Resiliency Project Grants.--
            ``(1) In general.--Subject to the availability of 
        appropriations, the Secretary may make grants to any coastal 
        state that has a climate change resiliency plan approved under 
        subsection (d)(6) for implementation of the plan.
            ``(2) Program requirements.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Not later than 90 days after the 
                date of approval of the first plan approved under 
                subsection (d)(6), the Secretary shall publish in the 
                Federal Register requirements regarding applications, 
                allocations, eligible activities, and all terms and 
                conditions for grants awarded under this subsection.
                    ``(B) Merit-based awards.--No less than 30 percent 
                of the funds made available for any fiscal year for 
                grants under this subsection shall be awarded through a 
                merit-based competitive process.''.
    (b) Authorization of Appropriations.--Section 318(a) of the Coastal 
Zone Management Act of 1972 (16 U.S.C. 1464(a)) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (1), by striking ``and'' at the end;
            (2) in paragraph (2), by striking the period at the end and 
        inserting ``; and''; and
            (3) by adding by adding at the end the following:
            ``(3) for grants under subsections (d) and (e) of section 
        320, such sums as are necessary for each fiscal year.''.

             TITLE III--SPECIAL IMPERILED SPECIES PROGRAMS

SEC. 301. DEFINITIONS.

    In this title:
            (1) Director.--The term ``Director'' means the Director of 
        the United States Geological Survey.
            (2) Ecosystem.--The term ``ecosystem'' means any complex of 
        a plant, animal, fungal, and microorganism community and the 
        associated nonliving environment of the community that 
        interacts as an ecological unit, including the species and the 
        viability of species within the community.
            (3) Imperiled species.--The term ``imperiled species'' 
        means--
                    (A) a species listed as an endangered species or 
                threatened species under the Endangered Species Act of 
                1973 (16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.);
                    (B) a species proposed for listing under that Act;
                    (C) a candidate species under that Act.;
                    (D) a species listed as an endangered species under 
                any State law; and
                    (E) a species, the population of which is declining 
                at a significant rate.

SEC. 302. REGIONAL ECOLOGICAL SYMPOSIA.

    (a) In General.--Not later than 18 months after the date of 
enactment of this Act, the Director, in coordination with the Director 
of the United States Fish and Wildlife Service and the Director of the 
National Marine Fisheries Service, shall convene multiple regional 
scientific symposia to examine the ecological impact of global warming 
on each imperiled species in each ecosystem of the United States.
    (b) Composition.--A symposium convened in a region shall include--
            (1) scientific representatives from Federal agencies with 
        species- or ecosystem-related activities in the region;
            (2) if appropriate, scientists or technical experts 
        representing State, local, and tribal governments; and
            (3) scientific experts from institutions of higher 
        education and scientific societies, and any other independent 
        scientists with sufficient qualifications and credentials, 
        particularly with respect to site-specific ecological 
        conditions and the status of species and ecological communities 
        of concern in the region.
    (c) Duties.--A symposium convened in a region shall--
            (1) identify and assess fish, wildlife, and plant species, 
        the habitats of the species, and the natural processes, 
        ecosystems, and landscapes that support the habitats, that are 
        most imperiled by global warming; and
            (2) focus on imperiled species that are located on public 
        land, declining migratory birds species, and other species that 
        are protected by treaty or international agreement.

SEC. 303. NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES REPORT.

    (a) In General.--As soon as practicable after the date of enactment 
of this Act, the Secretary of the Interior shall enter into an 
arrangement with the National Academy of Sciences under which the 
Academy shall convene a panel--
            (1) to examine and analyze the reports, data, documents, 
        and other information created by the multiple regional 
        scientific symposia convened in accordance with section 302(a); 
        and
            (2) to prepare a report that takes into consideration each 
        report, data, document, and other item of information described 
        in paragraph (1).
    (b) Contents of Report.--The report required under subsection 
(a)(2) shall include--
            (1) an identification and assessment of--
                    (A) the impact of global warming on each imperiled 
                species and ecosystem in the United States (including 
                the territories of the United States); and
                    (B) different ecological scenarios that may result 
                from different intensities, rates, and other critical 
                manifestations of global warming;
            (2) recommendations for specific roles to be played by 
        Federal, State, local, and tribal agencies and private parties 
        in assisting imperiled species in adapting to, and surviving 
        the impacts of, climate change, including a recommended list of 
        prioritized remediation actions by those agencies and parties; 
        and
            (3) other relevant ecological information.
    (c) Public Availability.--The recommendations and report required 
under this section shall be made available to the public as soon as 
practicable after the recommendations and report are complete.
    (d) Use of Report by Certain Heads of Federal Agencies.--The 
Secretary of Agriculture, the Secretary of Commerce, and the Secretary 
of the Interior, in carrying out each national policy described in 
sections 111 and 211, shall take into account the recommendations and 
report required under this section.
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