[Congressional Bills 110th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[S. 1232 Introduced in Senate (IS)]







110th CONGRESS
  1st Session
                                S. 1232

 To direct the Secretary of Health and Human Services, in consultation 
  with the Secretary of Education, to develop a voluntary policy for 
   managing the risk of food allergy and anaphylaxis in schools, to 
 establish school-based food allergy management grants, and for other 
                               purposes.


_______________________________________________________________________


                   IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES

                             April 26, 2007

   Mr. Dodd introduced the following bill; which was read twice and 
  referred to the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL


 
 To direct the Secretary of Health and Human Services, in consultation 
  with the Secretary of Education, to develop a voluntary policy for 
   managing the risk of food allergy and anaphylaxis in schools, to 
 establish school-based food allergy management grants, and for other 
                               purposes.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Food Allergy and Anaphylaxis 
Management Act of 2007''.

SEC. 2. FINDINGS.

    Congress finds as follows:
            (1) Food allergy is an increasing food safety and public 
        health concern in the United States, especially among students.
            (2) Peanut allergy doubled among children from 1997 to 
        2002.
            (3) In a 2004 survey of 400 elementary school nurses, 37 
        percent reported having at least 10 students with severe food 
        allergies and 62 percent reported having at least 5.
            (4) Forty-four percent of the elementary school nurses 
        surveyed reported that the number of students in their school 
        with food allergy had increased over the past 5 years, while 
        only 2 percent reported a decrease.
            (5) In a 2001 study of 32 fatal food-allergy induced 
        anaphylactic reactions (the largest study of its kind to date), 
        more than half (53 percent) of the individuals were aged 18 or 
        younger.
            (6) Eight foods account for 90 percent of all food-allergic 
        reactions: milk, eggs, fish, shellfish, tree nuts, peanuts, 
        wheat, and soy.
            (7) Currently, there is no cure for food allergies; strict 
        avoidance of the offending food is the only way to prevent a 
        reaction.
            (8) Anaphylaxis is a systemic allergic reaction that can 
        kill within minutes.
            (9) Food-allergic reactions are the leading cause of 
        anaphylaxis outside the hospital setting, accounting for an 
        estimated 30,000 emergency room visits, 2,000 hospitalizations, 
        and 150 to 200 deaths each year in the United States.
            (10) Fatalities from anaphylaxis are associated with a 
        delay in the administration of epinephrine (adrenaline), or 
        when epinephrine was not administered at all. In a study of 13 
        food allergy-induced anaphylactic reactions in school-age 
        children (6 fatal and 7 near fatal), only 2 of the children who 
        died received epinephrine within 1 hour of ingesting the 
        allergen, and all but 1 of the children who survived received 
        epinephrine within 30 minutes.
            (11) The importance of managing life-threatening food 
        allergies in the school setting has been recognized by the 
        American Medical Association, the American Academy of 
        Pediatrics, the American Academy of Allergy, Asthma and 
        Immunology, the American College of Allergy, Asthma and 
        Immunology, and the National Association of School Nurses.
            (12) There are no Federal guidelines concerning the 
        management of life-threatening food allergies in the school 
        setting.
            (13) Three-quarters of the elementary school nurses 
        surveyed reported developing their own training guidelines.
            (14) Relatively few schools actually employ a full-time 
        school nurse. Many are forced to cover more than 1 school, and 
        are often in charge of hundreds if not thousands of students.
            (15) Parents of students with severe food allergies often 
        face entirely different food allergy management approaches when 
        their students change schools or school districts.
            (16) In a study of food allergy reactions in schools and 
        day-care settings, delays in treatment were attributed to a 
        failure to follow emergency plans, calling parents instead of 
        administering emergency medications, and an inability to 
        administer epinephrine.

SEC. 3. DEFINITIONS.

    In this Act:
            (1) ESEA definitions.--The terms ``local educational 
        agency'', ``secondary school'', and ``elementary school'' have 
        the meanings given the terms in section 9101 of the Elementary 
        and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 7801).
            (2) School.--The term ``school'' includes public--
                    (A) kindergartens;
                    (B) elementary schools; and
                    (C) secondary schools.
            (3) Secretary.--The term ``Secretary'' means the Secretary 
        of Health and Human Services, in consultation with the 
        Secretary of Education.

SEC. 4. ESTABLISHMENT OF VOLUNTARY FOOD ALLERGY AND ANAPHYLAXIS 
              MANAGEMENT POLICY.

    (a) Establishment.--Not later than 1 year after the date of 
enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall--
            (1) develop a policy to be used on a voluntary basis to 
        manage the risk of food allergy and anaphylaxis in schools; and
            (2) make such policy available to local educational 
        agencies and other interested individuals and entities to be 
        implemented on a voluntary basis only.
    (b) Contents.--The voluntary policy developed by the Secretary 
under subsection (a) shall contain guidelines that address each of the 
following:
            (1) Parental obligation to provide the school, prior to the 
        start of every school year, with--
                    (A) documentation from the student's physician or 
                nurse--
                            (i) supporting a diagnosis of food allergy 
                        and the risk of anaphylaxis;
                            (ii) identifying any food to which the 
                        student is allergic;
                            (iii) describing, if appropriate, any prior 
                        history of anaphylaxis;
                            (iv) listing any medication prescribed for 
                        the student for the treatment of anaphylaxis;
                            (v) detailing emergency treatment 
                        procedures in the event of a reaction;
                            (vi) listing the signs and symptoms of a 
                        reaction; and
                            (vii) assessing the student's readiness for 
                        self-administration of prescription medication; 
                        and
                    (B) a list of substitute meals that may be offered 
                to the student by school food service personnel.
            (2) The creation and maintenance of an individual health 
        care plan tailored to the needs of each student with a 
        documented risk for anaphylaxis, including any procedures for 
        the self-administration of medication by such students in 
        instances where--
                    (A) the students are capable of self-administering 
                medication; and
                    (B) such administration is not prohibited by State 
                law.
            (3) Communication strategies between individual schools and 
        local providers of emergency medical services, including 
        appropriate instructions for emergency medical response.
            (4) Strategies to reduce the risk of exposure to 
        anaphylactic causative agents in classrooms and common school 
        areas such as cafeterias.
            (5) The dissemination of information on life-threatening 
        food allergies to school staff, parents, and students, if 
        appropriate by law.
            (6) Food allergy management training of school personnel 
        who regularly come into contact with students with life-
        threatening food allergies.
            (7) The authorization and training of school personnel to 
        administer epinephrine when the school nurse is not immediately 
        available.
            (8) The timely accessibility of epinephrine by school 
        personnel when the nurse is not immediately available.
            (9) Extracurricular programs such as non-academic outings 
        and field trips, before- and after-school programs, and school-
        sponsored programs held on weekends that are addressed in the 
        individual health care plan.
            (10) The collection and publication of data for each 
        administration of epinephrine to a student at risk for 
        anaphylaxis.
    (c) Relation to State Law.--Nothing in this Act or the policy 
developed by the Secretary under subsection (a) shall be construed to 
preempt State law, including any State law regarding whether students 
at risk for anaphylaxis may self-administer medication.

SEC. 5. SCHOOL-BASED FOOD ALLERGY MANAGEMENT GRANTS.

    (a) In General.--The Secretary may award grants of not more than 
$50,000 to local educational agencies to assist such agencies with 
implementing voluntary food allergy management guidelines described in 
section 4.
    (b) Application.--
            (1) In general.--To be eligible to receive a grant under 
        this section, a local educational agency shall submit an 
        application to the Secretary at such time, in such manner, and 
        including such information as the Secretary may reasonably 
        require.
            (2) Contents.--Each application submitted under paragraph 
        (1) shall include--
                    (A) a certification that the food allergy 
                management guidelines described in section 4 have been 
                adopted by the local educational agency;
                    (B) a description of the activities to be funded by 
                the grant in carrying out the food allergy management 
                guidelines, including--
                            (i) how the guidelines will be carried out 
                        at individual schools served by the local 
                        educational agency;
                            (ii) how the local educational agency will 
                        inform parents and students of the food allergy 
                        management guidelines in place;
                            (iii) how school nurses, teachers, 
                        administrators, and other school-based staff 
                        will be made aware of, and given training on, 
                        when applicable, the food allergy management 
                        guidelines in place; and
                            (iv) any other activities that the 
                        Secretary determines appropriate;
                    (C) an itemization of how grant funds received 
                under this section will be expended;
                    (D) a description of how adoption of the guidelines 
                and implementation of grant activities will be 
                monitored; and
                    (E) an agreement by the local educational agency to 
                report information required by the Secretary to conduct 
                evaluations under this section.
    (c) Use of Funds.--Each local educational agency that receives a 
grant under this section may use the grant funds for the following:
            (1) Creation of systems and databases related to creation, 
        storage, and maintenance of student records.
            (2) Purchase of equipment or services, or both, related to 
        the creation, storage, and maintenance of student records.
            (3) In partnership with local health departments, school 
        nurse, teacher, and personnel training for food allergy 
        management.
            (4) Purchase and storage of limited medical supplies, 
        including epinephrine and disposable wet wipes.
            (5) Programs that educate students as to the presence of, 
        and policies and procedures in place related to, food allergies 
        and anaphylactic shock.
            (6) Outreach to parents.
            (7) Any other activities consistent with the guidelines 
        described in section 4.
    (d) Duration of Awards.--The Secretary may award grants under this 
section for a period of not more than 2 years. In the event the 
Secretary conducts a program evaluation under this section, funding in 
the second year of the grant, where applicable, shall be contingent on 
a successful program evaluation by the Secretary after the first year.
    (e) Maximum Amount of Annual Awards.--A grant awarded under this 
section may not be made in an amount that is more than $50,000 
annually.
    (f) Priority.--In awarding grants under this section, the Secretary 
shall give priority to local educational agencies that receive Federal 
funding under title I of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 
1965 (20 U.S.C. 6301 et seq.).
    (g) Administrative Funds.--A local educational agency that receives 
a grant under this section may use not more than 2 percent of the grant 
amount for administrative costs related to carrying out this section.
    (h) Progress and Evaluations.--At the completion of the grant 
period referred to in subsection (d), a local educational agency shall 
provide the Secretary with information on the status of implementation 
of the food allergy management guidelines described in section 4.
    (i) Supplement, Not Supplant.--Grant funds received under this 
section shall be used to supplement, and not supplant, non-Federal 
funds and any other Federal funds available to carry out the activities 
described in this section.
    (j) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be 
appropriated to carry out this section $30,000,000 for fiscal year 2008 
and such sums as may be necessary for each of the 4 succeeding fiscal 
years.

SEC. 6. VOLUNTARY NATURE OF POLICY AND GUIDELINES.

    (a) In General.--The policy developed by the Secretary under 
section 4(a) and the food allergy management guidelines contained in 
such policy are voluntary. Nothing in this Act or the policy developed 
by the Secretary under section 4(a) shall be construed to require a 
local educational agency or school to implement such policy or 
guidelines.
    (b) Exception.--Notwithstanding subsection (a), the Secretary may 
enforce an agreement by a local educational agency to implement food 
allergy management guidelines as a condition on the receipt of a grant 
under section 5.
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