[Congressional Bills 110th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[S. 1060 Introduced in Senate (IS)]







110th CONGRESS
  1st Session
                                S. 1060

  To reauthorize the grant program for reentry of offenders into the 
community in the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968, to 
  improve reentry planning and implementation, and for other purposes.


_______________________________________________________________________


                   IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES

                             March 29, 2007

  Mr. Biden (for himself, Mr. Specter, Mr. Brownback, and Mr. Leahy) 
introduced the following bill; which was read twice and referred to the 
                       Committee on the Judiciary

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL


 
  To reauthorize the grant program for reentry of offenders into the 
community in the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968, to 
  improve reentry planning and implementation, and for other purposes.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Recidivism Reduction and Second 
Chance Act of 2007'' or the ``Second Chance Act of 2007''.

SEC. 2. TABLE OF CONTENTS.

    The table of contents for this Act is as follows:

Sec. 1. Short title.
Sec. 2. Table of contents.
Sec. 3. Findings.
Sec. 4. Submission of reports to Congress.
   TITLE I--AMENDMENTS RELATED TO THE OMNIBUS CRIME CONTROL AND SAFE 
                          STREETS ACT OF 1968

             Subtitle A--Improvements to Existing Programs

Sec. 101. Reauthorization of adult and juvenile offender State and 
                            local reentry demonstration projects.
Sec. 102. Improvement of the residential substance abuse treatment for 
                            State offenders program.
  Subtitle B--New and Innovative Programs to Improve Offender Reentry 
                                Services

Sec. 111. State and local reentry courts.
Sec. 112. Grants for comprehensive and continuous offender reentry task 
                            forces.
Sec. 113. Prosecution drug treatment alternative to prison programs.
Sec. 114. Grants for family substance abuse treatment alternatives to 
                            incarceration.
Sec. 115. Prison-based family treatment programs for incarcerated 
                            parents of minor children.
Sec. 116. Grant programs relating to educational methods at prisons, 
                            jails, and juvenile facilities.
                   Subtitle C--Conforming Amendments

Sec. 121. Use of violent offender truth-in-sentencing grant funding for 
                            demonstration project activities.
     TITLE II--ENHANCED DRUG TREATMENT AND MENTORING GRANT PROGRAMS

                       Subtitle A--Drug Treatment

Sec. 201. Grants for demonstration programs to reduce drug use and 
                            recidivism in long-term substance abusers.
Sec. 202. Offender drug treatment incentive grants.
Sec. 203. Ensuring availability and delivery of new pharmacological 
                            drug treatment services.
Sec. 204. Study of effectiveness of depot naltrexone for heroin 
                            addiction.
Sec. 205. Authorization of appropriations.
                        Subtitle B--Job Training

Sec. 211. Technology careers training demonstration grants.
Sec. 212. Grants to States for improved workplace and community 
                            transition training for incarcerated youth 
                            offenders.
                         Subtitle C--Mentoring

Sec. 221. Mentoring grants to nonprofit organizations.
Sec. 222. Bureau of Prisons policy on mentoring contacts.
             Subtitle D--Administration of Justice Reforms

             Chapter 1--Improving Federal Offender Reentry

Sec. 231. Federal prisoner reentry program.
Sec. 232. Identification and release assistance for Federal prisoners.
Sec. 233. Improved reentry procedures for Federal prisoners.
Sec. 234. Duties of the Bureau of Prisons.
Sec. 235. Authorization of appropriations for Bureau of Prisons.
Sec. 236. Encouragement of employment of former prisoners.
Sec. 237. Elderly nonviolent offender pilot program.
                      Chapter 2--Reentry Research

Sec. 241. Offender reentry research.
Sec. 242. Grants to study parole or post-incarceration supervision 
                            violations and revocations.
Sec. 243. Addressing the needs of children of incarcerated parents.
            Chapter 3--Correctional Reforms to Existing Law

Sec. 251. Clarification of authority to place prisoner in community 
                            corrections.
Sec. 252. Residential drug abuse program in Federal prisons.
Sec. 253. Medical care for prisoners.
Sec. 254. Contracting for services for post-conviction supervision 
                            offenders.

SEC. 3. FINDINGS.

    Congress finds the following:
            (1) In 2002, over 7,000,000 people were incarcerated in 
        Federal or State prisons or in local jails. Nearly 650,000 
        people are released from Federal and State incarceration into 
        communities nationwide each year.
            (2) There are over 3,200 jails throughout the United 
        States, the vast majority of which are operated by county 
        governments. Each year, these jails will release more than 
        10,000,000 people back into the community.
            (3) Recent studies indicate that over \2/3\ of released 
        State prisoners are expected to be rearrested for a felony or 
        serious misdemeanor within 3 years after release.
            (4) According to the Bureau of Justice Statistics, 
        expenditures on corrections alone increased from $9,000,000,000 
        in 1982, to $59,600,000,000 in 2002. These figures do not 
        include the cost of arrest and prosecution, nor do they take 
        into account the cost to victims.
            (5) The Serious and Violent Offender Reentry Initiative 
        provided $139,000,000 in funding for State governments to 
        develop and implement education, job training, mental health 
        treatment, and substance abuse treatment for serious and 
        violent offenders. This Act seeks to build upon the innovative 
        and successful State reentry programs developed under the 
        Serious and Violent Offender Reentry Initiative, which 
        terminated after fiscal year 2005.
            (6) Between 1991 and 1999, the number of children with a 
        parent in a Federal or State correctional facility increased by 
        more than 100 percent, from approximately 900,000 to 
        approximately 2,000,000. According to the Bureau of Prisons, 
        there is evidence to suggest that inmates who are connected to 
        their children and families are more likely to avoid negative 
        incidents and have reduced sentences.
            (7) Released prisoners cite family support as the most 
        important factor in helping them stay out of prison. Research 
        suggests that families are an often underutilized resource in 
        the reentry process.
            (8) Approximately 100,000 juveniles (ages 17 years and 
        under) leave juvenile correctional facilities, State prison, or 
        Federal prison each year. Juveniles released from secure 
        confinement still have their likely prime crime years ahead of 
        them. Juveniles released from secure confinement have a 
        recidivism rate ranging from 55 to 75 percent. The chances that 
        young people will successfully transition into society improve 
        with effective reentry and aftercare programs.
            (9) Studies have shown that between 15 percent and 27 
        percent of prisoners expect to go to homeless shelters upon 
        release from prison.
            (10) Fifty-seven percent of Federal and 70 percent of State 
        inmates used drugs regularly before going to prison, and the 
        Bureau of Justice Statistics report titled ``Trends in State 
        Parole, 1990-2000'' estimates the use of drugs or alcohol 
        around the time of the offense that resulted in the 
        incarceration of the inmate at as high as 84 percent.
            (11) Family-based treatment programs have proven results 
        for serving the special populations of female offenders and 
        substance abusers with children. An evaluation by the Substance 
        Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration of family-based 
        treatment for substance-abusing mothers and children found that 
        6 months after such treatment, 60 percent of the mothers 
        remained alcohol and drug free, and drug-related offenses 
        declined from 28 percent to 7 percent. Additionally, a 2003 
        evaluation of residential family-based treatment programs 
        revealed that 60 percent of mothers remained clean and sober 6 
        months after treatment, criminal arrests declined by 43 
        percent, and 88 percent of the children treated in the program 
        with their mothers remained stabilized.
            (12) A Bureau of Justice Statistics analysis indicated that 
        only 33 percent of Federal inmates and 36 percent of State 
        inmates had participated in residential in-patient treatment 
        programs for alcohol and drug abuse 12 months before their 
        release. Further, over \1/3\ of all jail inmates have some 
        physical or mental disability and 25 percent of jail inmates 
        have been treated at some time for a mental or emotional 
        problem.
            (13) State Substance Abuse Agency Directors, also known as 
        Single State Authorities (in this paragraph referred to as 
        ``SSAs''), manage the publicly funded substance abuse 
        prevention and treatment system of the Nation. SSAs are 
        responsible for planning and implementing State-wide systems of 
        care that provide clinically appropriate substance abuse 
        services. Given the high rate of substance use disorders among 
        offenders reentering our communities, successful reentry 
        programs require close interaction and collaboration with each 
        SSA as the program is planned, implemented and evaluated.
            (14) According to the National Institute of Literacy, 70 
        percent of all prisoners function at the lowest literacy 
        levels.
            (15) Less than 32 percent of State prison inmates have a 
        high school diploma or a higher level of education, compared to 
        82 percent of the general population.
            (16) Approximately 38 percent of inmates who completed 11 
        years or less of school were not working before entry into 
        prison.
            (17) The percentage of State prisoners participating in 
        educational programs decreased by more than 8 percent between 
        1991 and 1997, despite growing evidence of how educational 
        programming while incarcerated reduces recidivism.
            (18) The National Institute of Justice has found that 1 
        year after release, up to 60 percent of former inmates are not 
        employed.
            (19) Transitional jobs programs have proven to help people 
        with criminal records to successfully return to the workplace 
        and to the community, and therefore can reduce recidivism.

SEC. 4. SUBMISSION OF REPORTS TO CONGRESS.

    Not later than January 31 of each year, the Attorney General shall 
submit each report received under this Act or an amendment made by this 
Act during the preceding year to the Committee on the Judiciary of the 
Senate and the Committee on the Judiciary of the House of 
Representatives.

   TITLE I--AMENDMENTS RELATED TO THE OMNIBUS CRIME CONTROL AND SAFE 
                          STREETS ACT OF 1968

             Subtitle A--Improvements to Existing Programs

SEC. 101. REAUTHORIZATION OF ADULT AND JUVENILE OFFENDER STATE AND 
              LOCAL REENTRY DEMONSTRATION PROJECTS.

    (a) Adult and Juvenile Offender Demonstration Projects 
Authorized.--Section 2976(b) of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe 
Streets Act of 1968 (42 U.S.C. 3797w(b)) is amended by striking 
paragraphs (1) through (4) and inserting the following:
            ``(1) establishing or improving the system or systems under 
        which--
                    ``(A) correctional agencies and other criminal and 
                juvenile justice agencies of the grant recipient 
                develop and carry out plans to facilitate the reentry 
                into the community of each offender in the custody of 
                the jurisdiction involved;
                    ``(B) the supervision and services provided to 
                offenders in the custody of the jurisdiction involved 
                are coordinated with the supervision and services 
                provided to offenders after reentry into the community, 
                including coordination with Comprehensive and 
                Continuous Offender Reentry Task Forces under section 
                2902 or with similar planning groups;
                    ``(C) the efforts of various public and private 
                entities to provide supervision and services to 
                offenders after reentry into the community, and to 
                family members of such offenders, are coordinated; and
                    ``(D) offenders awaiting reentry into the community 
                are provided with documents (such as identification 
                papers, referrals to services, medical prescriptions, 
                job training certificates, apprenticeship papers, and 
                information on obtaining public assistance) useful in 
                achieving a successful transition from prison, jail, or 
                a juvenile facility;
            ``(2) carrying out programs and initiatives by units of 
        local government to strengthen reentry services for individuals 
        released from local jails, including coordination with 
        Comprehensive and Continuous Offender Reentry Task Forces under 
        section 2902 or with similar planning groups;
            ``(3) assessing the literacy, educational, and vocational 
        needs of offenders in custody and identifying and providing 
        services appropriate to meet those needs, including follow-up 
        assessments and long-term services;
            ``(4) facilitating collaboration among the corrections 
        (including community corrections), technical school, community 
        college, business, nonprofit, workforce development, and 
        employment service sectors--
                    ``(A) to promote, where appropriate, the employment 
                of people released from prison, jail, or a juvenile 
                facility through efforts such as educating employers 
                about existing financial incentives;
                    ``(B) to facilitate the creation of job 
                opportunities, including transitional jobs and time-
                limited subsidized work experience (where appropriate);
                    ``(C) to connect offenders to employment (including 
                supportive employment and employment services before 
                their release to the community), provide work supports 
                (including transportation and retention services), as 
                appropriate, and identify labor market needs to ensure 
                that education and training are appropriate; and
                    ``(D) to address obstacles to employment that are 
                not directly connected to the offense committed and the 
                risk that the offender presents to the community and 
                provide case management services as necessary to 
                prepare offenders for jobs that offer the potential for 
                advancement and growth;
            ``(5) providing offenders with education, job training, 
        responsible parenting and healthy relationship skills training 
        (designed specifically to address the needs of fathers and 
        mothers in or transitioning from prison, jail, or a juvenile 
        facility), English literacy education, work experience 
        programs, self-respect and life skills training, and other 
        skills useful in achieving a successful transition from prison, 
        jail, or a juvenile facility;
            ``(6) providing structured post-release housing and 
        transitional housing (including group homes for recovering 
        substance abusers (with appropriate safeguards that may include 
        single-gender housing)) through which offenders are provided 
        supervision and services immediately following reentry into the 
        community;
            ``(7) assisting offenders in securing permanent housing 
        upon release or following a stay in transitional housing;
            ``(8) providing substance abuse treatment and services 
        (including providing a full continuum of substance abuse 
        treatment services that encompasses outpatient services, 
        comprehensive residential services and recovery, and recovery 
        home services) to offenders reentering the community from 
        prison, jail, or a juvenile facility;
            ``(9) expanding family-based drug treatment centers that 
        offer family-based comprehensive treatment services for parents 
        and their children as a complete family unit, as appropriate to 
        the safety, security, and well-being of the family;
            ``(10) encouraging collaboration among juvenile and adult 
        corrections, community corrections, and community health 
        centers to allow access to affordable and quality primary 
        health care for offenders during the period of transition from 
        prison, jail, or a juvenile facility to the community;
            ``(11) providing or facilitating health care services to 
        offenders (including substance abuse screening, treatment, and 
        aftercare, infectious disease screening and treatment, and 
        screening, assessment, and aftercare for mental health 
        services) to protect the communities in which offenders will 
        live;
            ``(12) enabling prison, jail, or juvenile facility mentors 
        of offenders to remain in contact with those offenders 
        (including through the use of all available technology) while 
        in prison, jail, or a juvenile facility and after reentry into 
        the community, and encouraging the involvement of prison, jail, 
        or a juvenile facility mentors in the reentry process;
            ``(13) systems under which family members of offenders are 
        involved in facilitating the successful reentry of those 
        offenders into the community (as appropriate to the safety, 
        security, and well-being of the family), including removing 
        obstacles to the maintenance of family relationships while the 
        offender is in custody, strengthening the family's capacity to 
        function as a stable living situation during reentry, and 
        involving family members in the planning and implementation of 
        the reentry process;
            ``(14) creating, developing, or enhancing offender and 
        family assessments, curricula, policies, procedures, or 
        programs (including mentoring programs)--
                    ``(A) to help offenders with a history or 
                identified risk of domestic violence, dating violence, 
                sexual assault, or stalking reconnect with their 
                families and communities (as appropriate to the safety, 
                security, and well-being of the family), and become 
                non-abusive parents or partners; and
                    ``(B) under which particular attention is paid to 
                the safety of children affected and the confidentiality 
                concerns of victims, and efforts are coordinated with 
                victim service providers;
            ``(15) maintaining the parent-child relationship, as 
        appropriate to the safety, security, and well-being of the 
        child as determined by the relevant corrections and child 
        protective services agencies, including--
                    ``(A) implementing programs in correctional 
                agencies to include the collection of information 
                regarding any dependent children of an offender as part 
                of intake procedures, including the number, age, and 
                location or jurisdiction of such children;
                    ``(B) connecting those identified children with 
                services as appropriate and needed;
                    ``(C) carrying out programs (including mentoring) 
                that support children of incarcerated parents, 
                including those in foster care and those cared for by 
                grandparents or other relatives (which is commonly 
                referred to as kinship care);
                    ``(D) developing programs and activities (including 
                mentoring) that support parent-child relationships, as 
                appropriate to the safety, security, and well-being of 
                the family, including technology to promote the parent-
                child relationship and to facilitate participation in 
                parent-teacher conferences, books on tape programs, 
                family days, and visitation areas for children while 
                visiting an incarcerated parent;
                    ``(E) helping incarcerated parents to learn 
                responsible parenting and healthy relationship skills;
                    ``(F) addressing visitation obstacles to children 
                of an incarcerated parent, such as the location of 
                facilities in remote areas, telephone costs, mail 
                restrictions, and visitation policies; and
                    ``(G) identifying and addressing obstacles to 
                collaborating with child welfare agencies in the 
                provision of services jointly to offenders in custody 
                and to the children of such offenders;
            ``(16) carrying out programs for the entire family unit, 
        including the coordination of service delivery across agencies;
            ``(17) facilitating and encouraging timely and complete 
        payment of restitution and fines by offenders to victims and 
        the community;
            ``(18) providing services as necessary to victims upon 
        release of offenders, including security services and 
        counseling, and facilitating the inclusion of victims, on a 
        voluntary basis, in the reentry process;
            ``(19) establishing or expanding the use of reentry courts 
        and other programs to--
                    ``(A) monitor offenders returning to the community;
                    ``(B) provide returning offenders with--
                            ``(i) drug and alcohol testing and 
                        treatment; and
                            ``(ii) mental and medical health assessment 
                        and services;
                    ``(C) facilitate restorative justice practices and 
                convene family or community impact panels, family 
                impact educational classes, victim impact panels, or 
                victim impact educational classes;
                    ``(D) provide and coordinate the delivery of other 
                community services to offenders, including--
                            ``(i) employment training;
                            ``(ii) education;
                            ``(iii) housing assistance;
                            ``(iv) children and family support, 
                        including responsible parenting and healthy 
                        relationship skill training designed 
                        specifically to address the needs of 
                        incarcerated and transitioning fathers and 
                        mothers;
                            ``(v) conflict resolution skills training;
                            ``(vi) family violence intervention 
                        programs; and
                            ``(vii) other appropriate services; and
                    ``(E) establish and implement graduated sanctions 
                and incentives;
            ``(20) developing a case management reentry program that--
                    ``(A) provides services to eligible veterans, as 
                defined by the Attorney General; and
                    ``(B) provides for a reentry service network solely 
                for such eligible veterans that coordinates community 
                services and veterans services for offenders who 
                qualify for such veterans services; and
            ``(21) protecting communities against dangerous offenders, 
        including--
                    ``(A) conducting studies in collaboration with 
                Federal research initiatives in effect on the date of 
                enactment of the Second Chance Act of 2007, to 
                determine which offenders are returning to prisons, 
                jails, and juvenile facilities and which of those 
                returning offenders represent the greatest risk to 
                community safety;
                    ``(B) developing and implementing procedures to 
                assist relevant authorities in determining when release 
                is appropriate and in the use of data to inform the 
                release decision;
                    ``(C) using validated assessment tools to assess 
                the risk factors of returning inmates, and developing 
                or adopting procedures to ensure that dangerous felons 
                are not released from prison prematurely; and
                    ``(D) developing and implementing procedures to 
                identify efficiently and effectively those violators of 
                probation, parole, or post-incarceration supervision 
                who represent the greatest risk to community safety.''.
    (b) Juvenile Offender Demonstration Projects Reauthorized.--Section 
2976(c) of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 (42 
U.S.C. 3797w(c)) is amended by striking ``may be expended for'' and all 
that follows through the period at the end and inserting ``may be 
expended for any activity described in subsection (b).''.
    (c) Applications; Requirements; Priorities; Performance 
Measurements.--Section 2976 of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe 
Streets Act of 1968 (42 U.S.C. 3797w) is amended--
            (1) by redesignating subsection (h) as subsection (o); and
            (2) by striking subsections (d) through (g) and inserting 
        the following:
    ``(d) Applications.--A State, unit of local government, territory, 
or Indian tribe, or combination thereof, desiring a grant under this 
section shall submit an application to the Attorney General that--
            ``(1) contains a reentry strategic plan, as described in 
        subsection (h), which describes the long-term strategy and 
        incorporates a detailed implementation schedule, including the 
        plans of the applicant to pay for the program after the Federal 
        funding is discontinued;
            ``(2) identifies the local government role and the role of 
        governmental agencies and nonprofit organizations that will be 
        coordinated by, and that will collaborate on, the offender 
        reentry strategy of the applicant, and certifies the 
        involvement of such agencies and organizations; and
            ``(3) describes the evidence-based methodology and outcome 
        measures that will be used to evaluate the program funded with 
        a grant under this section, and specifically explains how such 
        measurements will provide valid measures of the impact of that 
        program.
    ``(e) Requirements.--The Attorney General may make a grant to an 
applicant under this section only if the application--
            ``(1) reflects explicit support of the chief executive 
        officer of the State, unit of local government, territory, or 
        Indian tribe applying for a grant under this section;
            ``(2) provides extensive discussion of the role of State 
        corrections departments, community corrections agencies, 
        juvenile justice systems, or local jail systems in ensuring 
        successful reentry of offenders into their communities;
            ``(3) provides extensive evidence of collaboration with 
        State and local government agencies overseeing health, housing, 
        child welfare, education, substance abuse, victims services, 
        and employment services, and with local law enforcement 
        agencies;
            ``(4) provides a plan for analysis of the statutory, 
        regulatory, rules-based, and practice-based hurdles to 
        reintegration of offenders into the community; and
            ``(5) includes the use of a State, local, territorial, or 
        tribal task force, described in subsection (i), to carry out 
        the activities funded under the grant.
    ``(f) Priority Considerations.--The Attorney General shall give 
priority to grant applications under this section that best--
            ``(1) focus initiative on geographic areas with a 
        disproportionate population of offenders released from prisons, 
        jails, and juvenile facilities;
            ``(2) include--
                    ``(A) input from nonprofit organizations, in any 
                case where relevant input is available and appropriate 
                to the grant application;
                    ``(B) consultation with crime victims and offenders 
                who are released from prisons, jails, and juvenile 
                facilities; and
                    ``(C) coordination with families of offenders;
            ``(3) demonstrate effective case assessment and management 
        abilities in order to provide comprehensive and continuous 
        reentry, including--
                    ``(A) planning while offenders are in prison, jail, 
                or a juvenile facility, pre-release transition housing, 
                and community release;
                    ``(B) establishing pre-release planning procedures 
                to ensure that the eligibility of an offender for 
                Federal or State benefits upon release is established 
                prior to release, subject to any limitations in law, 
                and to ensure that offenders obtain all necessary 
                referrals for reentry services; and
                    ``(C) delivery of continuous and appropriate drug 
                treatment, medical care, job training and placement, 
                educational services, or any other service or support 
                needed for reentry;
            ``(4) review the process by which the applicant adjudicates 
        violations of parole, probation, or supervision following 
        release from prison, jail, or a juvenile facility, taking into 
        account public safety and the use of graduated, community-based 
        sanctions for minor and technical violations of parole, 
        probation, or supervision (specifically those violations that 
        are not otherwise, and independently, a violation of law);
            ``(5) provide for an independent evaluation of reentry 
        programs that include, to the maximum extent possible, random 
        assignment and controlled studies to determine the 
        effectiveness of such programs; and
            ``(6) target high-risk offenders for reentry programs 
        through validated assessment tools.
    ``(g) Uses of Grant Funds.--
            ``(1) Federal share.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Except as provided in 
                subparagraph (B), the Federal share of a grant received 
                under this section may not exceed 75 percent of the 
                project funded under such grant in fiscal year 2008.
                    ``(B) Waiver.--Subparagraph (A) shall not apply if 
                the Attorney General--
                            ``(i) waives, in whole or in part, the 
                        requirement of this paragraph; and
                            ``(ii) publishes in the Federal Register 
                        the rationale for the waiver.
            ``(2) Supplement not supplant.--Federal funds received 
        under this section shall be used to supplement, not supplant, 
        non-Federal funds that would otherwise be available for the 
        activities funded under this section.
    ``(h) Reentry Strategic Plan.--
            ``(1) In general.--As a condition of receiving financial 
        assistance under this section, each applicant shall develop a 
        comprehensive strategic reentry plan that contains measurable 
        annual and 5-year performance outcomes, and that uses, to the 
        maximum extent possible, random assigned and controlled studies 
        to determine the effectiveness of the program funded with a 
        grant under this section. One goal of that plan shall be to 
        reduce the rate of recidivism (as defined by the Attorney 
        General, consistent with the research on offender reentry 
        undertaken by the Bureau of Justice Statistics) for offenders 
        released from prison, jail, or a juvenile facility who are 
        served with funds made available under this section by 50 
        percent over a period of 5 years.
            ``(2) Coordination.--In developing a reentry plan under 
        this subsection, an applicant shall coordinate with communities 
        and stakeholders, including persons in the fields of public 
        safety, juvenile and adult corrections, housing, health, 
        education, substance abuse, children and families, victims 
        services, employment, and business and members of nonprofit 
        organizations that can provide reentry services.
            ``(3) Measurements of progress.--Each reentry plan 
        developed under this subsection shall measure the progress of 
        the applicant toward increasing public safety by reducing rates 
        of recidivism and enabling released offenders to transition 
        successfully back into their communities.
    ``(i) Reentry Task Force.--
            ``(1) In general.--As a condition of receiving financial 
        assistance under this section, each applicant shall establish 
        or empower a Reentry Task Force, or other relevant convening 
        authority, to--
                    ``(A) examine ways to pool resources and funding 
                streams to promote lower recidivism rates for returning 
                offenders and minimize the harmful effects of 
                offenders' time in prison, jail, or a juvenile facility 
                on families and communities of offenders by collecting 
                data and best practices in offender reentry from 
                demonstration grantees and other agencies and 
                organizations; and
                    ``(B) provide the analysis described in subsection 
                (e)(4).
            ``(2) Membership.--The task force or other authority under 
        this subsection shall be comprised of--
                    ``(A) relevant State, tribal, territorial, or local 
                leaders; and
                    ``(B) representatives of relevant--
                            ``(i) agencies;
                            ``(ii) service providers;
                            ``(iii) nonprofit organizations; and
                            ``(iv) stakeholders.
    ``(j) Strategic Performance Outcomes.--
            ``(1) In general.--Each applicant shall identify in the 
        reentry strategic plan developed under subsection (h), specific 
        performance outcomes relating to the long-term goals of 
        increasing public safety and reducing recidivism.
            ``(2) Performance outcomes.--The performance outcomes 
        identified under paragraph (1) shall include, with respect to 
        offenders released back into the community--
                    ``(A) reduction in recidivism rates, which shall be 
                reported in accordance with the measure selected by the 
                Director of the Bureau of Justice Statistics under 
                section 234(c)(2) of the Second Chance Act of 2007;
                    ``(B) reduction in crime;
                    ``(C) increased employment and education 
                opportunities;
                    ``(D) reduction in violations of conditions of 
                supervised release;
                    ``(E) increased payment of child support;
                    ``(F) increased housing opportunities;
                    ``(G) reduction in drug and alcohol abuse; and
                    ``(H) increased participation in substance abuse 
                and mental health services.
            ``(3) Other outcomes.--A grantee under this section may 
        include in the reentry strategic plan developed under 
        subsection (h) other performance outcomes that increase the 
        success rates of offenders who transition from prison, jails, 
        or juvenile facilities.
            ``(4) Coordination.--A grantee under this section shall 
        coordinate with communities and stakeholders about the 
        selection of performance outcomes identified by the applicant, 
        and shall consult with the Attorney General for assistance with 
        data collection and measurement activities as provided for in 
        the grant application materials.
            ``(5) Report.--Each grantee under this section shall submit 
        an annual report to the Attorney General that--
                    ``(A) identifies the progress of the grantee toward 
                achieving its strategic performance outcomes; and
                    ``(B) describes other activities conducted by the 
                grantee to increase the success rates of the reentry 
                population, such as programs that foster effective risk 
                management and treatment programming, offender 
                accountability, and community and victim participation.
    ``(k) Performance Measurement.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Attorney General, in consultation 
        with grantees under this section, shall--
                    ``(A) identify primary and secondary sources of 
                information to support the measurement of the 
                performance indicators identified under this section;
                    ``(B) identify sources and methods of data 
                collection in support of performance measurement 
                required under this section;
                    ``(C) provide to all grantees technical assistance 
                and training on performance measures and data 
                collection for purposes of this section; and
                    ``(D) consult with the Substance Abuse and Mental 
                Health Services Administration and the National 
                Institute on Drug Abuse on strategic performance 
                outcome measures and data collection for purposes of 
                this section relating to substance abuse and mental 
                health.
            ``(2) Coordination.--The Attorney General shall coordinate 
        with other Federal agencies to identify national and other 
        sources of information to support performance measurement of 
        grantees.
            ``(3) Standards for analysis.--Any statistical analysis of 
        population data conducted pursuant to this section shall be 
        conducted in accordance with the Federal Register Notice dated 
        October 30, 1997, relating to classification standards.
    ``(l) Future Eligibility.--To be eligible to receive a grant under 
this section in any fiscal year after the fiscal year in which a 
grantee receives a grant under this section, a grantee shall submit to 
the Attorney General such information as is necessary to demonstrate 
that--
            ``(1) the grantee has adopted a reentry plan that reflects 
        input from nonprofit organizations, in any case where relevant 
        input is available and appropriate to the grant application;
            ``(2) the reentry plan of the grantee includes performance 
        measures to assess progress of the grantee toward a 10 percent 
        reduction in the rate of recidivism over a 2-year period.
            ``(3) the grantee will coordinate with the Attorney 
        General, nonprofit organizations (if relevant input from 
        nonprofit organizations is available and appropriate), and 
        other experts regarding the selection and implementation of the 
        performance measures described in subsection (k).
    ``(m) National Adult and Juvenile Offender Reentry Resource 
Center.--
            ``(1) Authority.--The Attorney General may, using amounts 
        made available to carry out this subsection, make a grant to an 
        eligible organization to provide for the establishment of a 
        National Adult and Juvenile Offender Reentry Resource Center.
            ``(2) Eligible organization.--An organization eligible for 
        the grant under paragraph (1) is any national nonprofit 
        organization approved by the Interagency Task Force on Federal 
        Programs and Activities Relating to the Reentry of Offenders 
        Into the Community, that provides technical assistance and 
        training to, and has special expertise and broad, national-
        level experience in, offender reentry programs, training, and 
        research.
            ``(3) Use of funds.--The organization receiving a grant 
        under paragraph (1) shall establish a National Adult and 
        Juvenile Offender Reentry Resource Center to--
                    ``(A) provide education, training, and technical 
                assistance for States, tribes, territories, local 
                governments, service providers, nonprofit 
                organizations, and corrections institutions;
                    ``(B) collect data and best practices in offender 
                reentry from demonstration grantees and others agencies 
                and organizations;
                    ``(C) develop and disseminate evaluation tools, 
                mechanisms, and measures to better assess and document 
                coalition performance measures and outcomes;
                    ``(D) disseminate information to States and other 
                relevant entities about best practices, policy 
                standards, and research findings;
                    ``(E) develop and implement procedures to assist 
                relevant authorities in determining when release is 
                appropriate and in the use of data to inform the 
                release decision;
                    ``(F) develop and implement procedures to identify 
                efficiently and effectively those violators of 
                probation, parole, or supervision following release 
                from prison, jail, or a juvenile facility who should be 
                returned to prisons, jails, or juvenile facilities and 
                those who should receive other penalties based on 
                defined, graduated sanctions;
                    ``(G) collaborate with the Interagency Task Force 
                on Federal Programs and Activities Relating to the 
                Reentry of Offenders Into the Community, and the 
                Federal Resource Center for Children of Prisoners;
                    ``(H) develop a national reentry research agenda; 
                and
                    ``(I) establish a database to enhance the 
                availability of information that will assist offenders 
                in areas including housing, employment, counseling, 
                mentoring, medical and mental health services, 
                substance abuse treatment, transportation, and daily 
                living skills.
            ``(4) Limit.--Of amounts made available to carry out this 
        section, not more than 4 percent shall be available to carry 
        out this subsection.
    ``(n) Administration.--Of amounts made available to carry out this 
section--
            ``(1) not more than 2 percent shall be available for 
        administrative expenses in carrying out this section; and
            ``(2) not more than 2 percent shall be made available to 
        the National Institute of Justice to evaluate the effectiveness 
        of the demonstration projects funded under this section, using 
        a methodology that--
                    ``(A) includes, to the maximum extent feasible, 
                random assignment of offenders (or entities working 
                with such persons) to program delivery and control 
                groups; and
                    ``(B) generates evidence on which reentry 
                approaches and strategies are most effective.''.
    (d) Grant Authorization.--Section 2976(a) of the Omnibus Crime 
Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 (42 U.S.C. 3797w(a)) is amended by 
striking ``States, Territories'' and all that follows through the 
period at the end and inserting the following: ``States, local 
governments, territories, or Indian tribes, or any combination thereof, 
in partnership with stakeholders, service providers, and nonprofit 
organizations.''.
    (e) Authorization of Appropriations.--Section 2976(o) of the 
Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 (42 U.S.C. 3797w), 
as so redesignated by subsection (c) of this section, is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (1), by striking ``$15,000,000 for fiscal 
        year 2003'' and all that follows and inserting ``$50,000,000 
        for each of fiscal years 2008 and 2009.''; and
            (2) by amending paragraph (2) to read as follows:
            ``(2) Limitation.--Of the amount made available to carry 
        out this section in any fiscal year, not more than 3 percent or 
        less than 2 percent may be used for technical assistance and 
        training.''.

SEC. 102. IMPROVEMENT OF THE RESIDENTIAL SUBSTANCE ABUSE TREATMENT FOR 
              STATE OFFENDERS PROGRAM.

    (a) Requirement for Aftercare Component.--Section 1902(c) of the 
Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 (42 U.S.C. 3796ff-
1(c)), is amended--
            (1) by striking the subsection heading and inserting 
        ``Requirement for Aftercare Component.--''; and
            (2) by amending paragraph (1) to read as follows:
            ``(1) To be eligible for funding under this part, a State 
        shall ensure that individuals who participate in the substance 
        abuse treatment program established or implemented with 
        assistance provided under this part will be provided with 
        aftercare services, which may include case management services 
        and a full continuum of support services that ensure providers 
        furnishing services under that program are approved by the 
        appropriate State or local agency, and licensed, if necessary, 
        to provide medical treatment or other health services.''.
    (b) Definition.--Section 1904(d) of the Omnibus Crime Control and 
Safe Streets Act of 1968 (42 U.S.C. 3796ff-3(d)) is amended to read as 
follows:
    ``(d) Residential Substance Abuse Treatment Program Defined.--In 
this part, the term `residential substance abuse treatment program' 
means a course of comprehensive individual and group substance abuse 
treatment services, lasting a period of at least 6 months, in 
residential treatment facilities set apart from the general population 
of a prison or jail (which may include the use of pharmacological 
treatment, where appropriate, that may extend beyond such period).''.
    (c) Requirement for Study and Report on Aftercare Services.--The 
Attorney General, through the National Institute of Justice, and in 
consultation with the National Institute on Drug Abuse, shall conduct a 
study on the use and effectiveness of funds used by the Department of 
Justice for aftercare services under section 1902(c) of the Omnibus 
Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968, as amended by subsection 
(a) of this section, for offenders who reenter the community after 
completing a substance abuse program in prison or jail.

  Subtitle B--New and Innovative Programs to Improve Offender Reentry 
                                Services

SEC. 111. STATE AND LOCAL REENTRY COURTS.

    (a) In General.--Part FF of title I of the Omnibus Crime Control 
and Safe Streets Act of 1968 (42 U.S.C. 3797w et seq.) is amended by 
adding at the end the following:

``SEC. 2978. STATE AND LOCAL REENTRY COURTS.

    ``(a) Grants Authorized.--The Attorney General shall award grants, 
in accordance with this section, of not more than $500,000 to--
            ``(1) State and local courts; and
            ``(2) State agencies, municipalities, public agencies, 
        nonprofit organizations, territories, and Indian tribes that 
        have agreements with courts to take the lead in establishing a 
        reentry court (as described in section 2976(b)(19)).
    ``(b) Use of Grant Funds.--Grant funds awarded under this section 
shall be administered in accordance with such guidelines, regulations, 
and procedures as promulgated by the Attorney General, and may be used 
to--
            ``(1) monitor juvenile and adult offenders returning to the 
        community;
            ``(2) provide juvenile and adult offenders returning to the 
        community with coordinated and comprehensive reentry services 
        and programs such as--
                    ``(A) drug and alcohol testing and assessment for 
                treatment;
                    ``(B) assessment for substance abuse from a 
                substance abuse professional who is approved by the 
                State and licensed by the appropriate entity to provide 
                alcohol and drug addiction treatment, as appropriate;
                    ``(C) substance abuse treatment from a provider 
                that is approved by the State, and licensed, if 
                necessary, to provide medical and other health 
                services;
                    ``(D) health (including mental health) services and 
                assessment;
                    ``(E) aftercare and case management services that--
                            ``(i) facilitate access to clinical care 
                        and related health services; and
                            ``(ii) coordinate with such clinical care 
                        and related health services; and
                    ``(F) any other services needed for reentry;
            ``(3) convene community impact panels, victim impact 
        panels, or victim impact educational classes;
            ``(4) provide and coordinate the delivery of community 
        services to juvenile and adult offenders, including--
                    ``(A) housing assistance;
                    ``(B) education;
                    ``(C) employment training;
                    ``(D) conflict resolution skills training;
                    ``(E) batterer intervention programs; and
                    ``(F) other appropriate social services; and
            ``(5) establish and implement graduated sanctions and 
        incentives.
    ``(c) Rule of Construction.--Nothing in this section shall be 
construed as preventing a grantee that operates a drug court under part 
EE at the time a grant is awarded under this section from using funds 
from such grant to supplement the drug court under part EE in 
accordance with paragraphs (1) through (5) of subsection (b).
    ``(d) Application.--To be eligible for a grant under this section, 
an entity described in subsection (a) shall, in addition to any other 
requirements required by the Attorney General, submit to the Attorney 
General an application that--
            ``(1) describes the program to be assisted under this 
        section and the need for such program;
            ``(2) describes a long-term strategy and detailed 
        implementation plan for such program, including how the entity 
        plans to pay for the program after the Federal funding is 
        discontinued;
            ``(3) identifies the governmental and community agencies 
        that will be coordinated by the project;
            ``(4) certifies that--
                    ``(A) all agencies affected by the program, 
                including community corrections and parole entities, 
                have been appropriately consulted in the development of 
                the program;
                    ``(B) there will be appropriate coordination with 
                all such agencies in the implementation of the program; 
                and
                    ``(C) there will be appropriate coordination and 
                consultation with the Single State Authority for 
                Substance Abuse (as that term is defined in section 
                201(e) of the Second Chance Act of 2007) of the State; 
                and
            ``(5) describes the methodology and outcome measures that 
        will be used to evaluate the program.
    ``(e) Matching Requirements.--The Federal share of a grant under 
this section may not exceed 75 percent of the costs of the project 
assisted by such grant unless the Attorney General--
            ``(1) waives, wholly or in part, the matching requirement 
        under this subsection; and
            ``(2) publicly delineates the rationale for the waiver.
    ``(f) Annual Report.--Each entity receiving a grant under this 
section shall submit to the Attorney General, for each fiscal year in 
which funds from the grant are expended, a report, at such time and in 
such manner as the Attorney General may reasonably require, that 
contains--
            ``(1) a summary of the activities carried out under the 
        program assisted by the grant;
            ``(2) an assessment of whether the activities are meeting 
        the need for the program identified in the application 
        submitted under subsection (d); and
            ``(3) such other information as the Attorney General may 
        require.
    ``(g) Authorization of Appropriations.--
            ``(1) In general.--There are authorized to be appropriated 
        $10,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2008 and 2009 to carry out 
        this section.
            ``(2) Limitations.--Of the amount made available to carry 
        out this section in any fiscal year--
                    ``(A) not more than 2 percent may be used by the 
                Attorney General for salaries and administrative 
                expenses; and
                    ``(B) not more than 5 percent nor less than 2 
                percent may be used for technical assistance and 
                training.''.

SEC. 112. GRANTS FOR COMPREHENSIVE AND CONTINUOUS OFFENDER REENTRY TASK 
              FORCES.

    Title I of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 
(42 U.S.C. 3711 et seq.) is amended by inserting after part BB the 
following:

  ``PART CC--GRANTS FOR COMPREHENSIVE AND CONTINUOUS OFFENDER REENTRY 
                              TASK FORCES

``SEC. 2901. AUTHORIZATION.

    ``The Attorney General shall carry out a grant program under which 
the Attorney General makes grants to States, units of local government, 
territories, Indian tribes, and other public and private entities for 
the purpose of establishing and administering task forces (to be known 
as `Comprehensive and Continuous Offender Reentry Task Forces'), in 
accordance with this part.

``SEC. 2902. COMPREHENSIVE AND CONTINUOUS OFFENDER REENTRY TASK FORCES.

    ``(a) In General.--For purposes of this part, a Comprehensive and 
Continuous Offender Reentry Task Force is a planning group of a State, 
unit of local government, territory, or Indian tribe that--
            ``(1) develops a community reentry plan, described in 
        section 2903, for each juvenile and adult offender to be 
        released from a correctional facility in the applicable 
        jurisdiction;
            ``(2) supervises and assesses the progress of each such 
        offender, with respect to such plan, starting on a date before 
        the offender is released from a correctional facility and 
        ending on the date on which the court supervision of such 
        offender ends;
            ``(3) conducts a detailed assessment of the needs of each 
        offender to address employment training, medical care, drug 
        treatment, education, and any other identified need of the 
        offender to assist in the offender's reentry;
            ``(4) demonstrates affirmative steps to implement such a 
        community reentry plan by consulting and coordinating with 
        other public and nonprofit entities, as appropriate;
            ``(5) establishes appropriate measurements for determining 
        the efficacy of such community reentry plans by monitoring 
        offender performance under such reentry plans;
            ``(6) complies with applicable State, local, territorial, 
        and tribal rules and regulations regarding the provision of 
        applicable services and treatment in the applicable 
        jurisdiction; and
            ``(7) consults and coordinates with the Single State 
        Authority for Substance Abuse (as that term is defined in 
        section 201(e) of the Second Chance Act of 2007) and the 
        criminal justice agencies of the State to ensure that offender 
        reentry plans are coordinated and delivered in the most cost-
        effective manner, as determined by the Attorney General, in 
        consultation with the grantee.
    ``(b) Consultation Required.--A Comprehensive and Continuous 
Offender Reentry Task Force for a county or other defined geographic 
area shall perform the duties described in paragraphs (1) and (2) of 
subsection (a) in consultation with representatives of--
            ``(1) the criminal and juvenile justice and correctional 
        facilities within that county or area;
            ``(2) the community health care services of that county or 
        area;
            ``(3) the drug treatment programs of that county or area;
            ``(4) the employment services organizations available in 
        that county or area;
            ``(5) the housing services organizations available in the 
        county or area; and
            ``(6) any other appropriate community services available in 
        the county or area.

``SEC. 2903. COMMUNITY REENTRY PLAN DESCRIBED.

    ``For purposes of section 2902(a)(1), a community reentry plan for 
an offender is a plan relating to the reentry of the offender into the 
community and, according to the needs of the offender, shall--
            ``(1) identify employment opportunities and goals;
            ``(2) identify housing opportunities;
            ``(3) provide for any needed drug treatment;
            ``(4) provide for any needed mental health services;
            ``(5) provide for any needed health care services;
            ``(6) provide for any needed family counseling;
            ``(7) provide for offender case management programs or 
        services; and
            ``(8) provide for any other service specified by the 
        Comprehensive and Continuous Offender Reentry Task Force as 
        necessary for the offender.

``SEC. 2904. APPLICATION.

    ``To be eligible for a grant under this part, a State or other 
relevant entity shall submit to the Attorney General an application in 
such form and manner and at such time as the Attorney General 
specifies. Such application shall contain such information as the 
Attorney General specifies.

``SEC. 2905. RULE OF CONSTRUCTION.

    ``Nothing in this part shall be construed as supplanting or 
modifying a sentence imposed by a court, including any terms of 
supervision.

``SEC. 2906. REPORTS.

    ``An entity that receives funds under this part for a Comprehensive 
and Continuous Offender Reentry Task Force during a fiscal year shall 
submit to the Attorney General, not later than a date specified by the 
Attorney General, a report that describes and evaluates the 
effectiveness of such Task Force during such fiscal year.

``SEC. 2907. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

    ``There are authorized to be appropriated $10,000,000 to carry out 
this section for each of fiscal years 2008 and 2009.''.

SEC. 113. PROSECUTION DRUG TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE TO PRISON PROGRAMS.

    (a) Authorization.--Title I of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe 
Streets Act of 1968 (42 U.S.C. 3711 et seq.), as amended by this Act, 
is amended by adding after part CC the following:

  ``PART DD--PROSECUTION DRUG TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE TO PRISON PROGRAMS

``SEC. 2911. GRANT AUTHORITY.

    ``(a) In General.--The Attorney General may make grants to State 
and local prosecutors to develop, implement, or expand qualified drug 
treatment programs that are alternatives to imprisonment, in accordance 
with this part.
    ``(b) Qualified Drug Treatment Programs Described.--For purposes of 
this part, a qualified drug treatment program is a program--
            ``(1) that is administered by a State or local prosecutor;
            ``(2) that requires an eligible offender who is sentenced 
        to participate in the program (instead of incarceration) to 
        participate in a comprehensive substance abuse treatment 
        program that is approved by the State and licensed, if 
        necessary, to provide medical and other health services;
            ``(3) that requires an eligible offender to receive the 
        consent of the State or local prosecutor involved to 
        participate in such program;
            ``(4) that, in the case of an eligible offender who is 
        sentenced to participate in the program, requires the offender 
        to serve a sentence of imprisonment with respect to the crime 
        involved if the prosecutor, in conjunction with the treatment 
        provider, determines that the offender has not successfully 
        completed the relevant substance abuse treatment program 
        described in paragraph (2);
            ``(5) that provides for the dismissal of the criminal 
        charges involved in an eligible offender's participation in the 
        program if the offender is determined to have successfully 
        completed the program;
            ``(6) that requires each substance abuse provider treating 
        an eligible offender under the program to--
                    ``(A) make periodic reports of the progress of the 
                treatment of that offender to the State or local 
                prosecutor involved and to the appropriate court in 
                which the eligible offender was convicted; and
                    ``(B) notify such prosecutor and such court if the 
                eligible offender absconds from the facility of the 
                treatment provider or otherwise violates the terms and 
                conditions of the program, consistent with Federal and 
                State confidentiality requirements; and
            ``(7) that has an enforcement unit comprised of law 
        enforcement officers under the supervision of the State or 
        local prosecutor involved, the duties of which shall include 
        verifying an eligible offender's addresses and other contacts, 
        and, if necessary, locating, apprehending, and arresting an 
        eligible offender who has absconded from the facility of a 
        substance abuse treatment provider or otherwise violated the 
        terms and conditions of the program, consistent with Federal 
        and State confidentiality requirements, and returning such 
        eligible offender to court for sentencing for the crime 
        involved.

``SEC. 2912. USE OF GRANT FUNDS.

    ``(a) In General.--A State or local prosecutor that receives a 
grant under this part shall use such grant for expenses of a qualified 
drug treatment program, including for the following expenses:
            ``(1) Salaries, personnel costs, equipment costs, and other 
        costs directly related to the operation of the program, 
        including the enforcement unit.
            ``(2) Payments for substance abuse treatment providers that 
        are approved by the State and licensed, if necessary, to 
        provide alcohol and drug addiction treatment to eligible 
        offenders participating in the program, including aftercare 
        supervision, vocational training, education, and job placement.
            ``(3) Payments to public and nonprofit private entities 
        that are approved by the State and licensed, if necessary, to 
        provide alcohol and drug addiction treatment to offenders 
        participating in the program.
    ``(b) Supplement and Not Supplant.--Grants made under this part 
shall be used to supplement, and not supplant, non-Federal funds that 
would otherwise be available for programs described in this part.

``SEC. 2913. APPLICATIONS.

    ``To request a grant under this part, a State or local prosecutor 
shall submit an application to the Attorney General in such form and 
containing such information as the Attorney General may reasonably 
require. Each such application shall contain the certification by the 
State or local prosecutor that the program for which the grant is 
requested is a qualified drug treatment program, in accordance with 
this part.

``SEC. 2914. FEDERAL SHARE.

    ``The Federal share of a grant made under this part shall not 
exceed 75 percent of the total costs of the qualified drug treatment 
program funded by such grant for the fiscal year for which the program 
receives assistance under this part.

``SEC. 2915. GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION.

    ``The Attorney General shall ensure that, to the extent 
practicable, the distribution of grants under this part is equitable 
and includes State or local prosecutors--
            ``(1) in each State; and
            ``(2) in rural, suburban, and urban jurisdictions.

``SEC. 2916. REPORTS AND EVALUATIONS.

    ``For each fiscal year, each recipient of a grant under this part 
during that fiscal year shall submit to the Attorney General a report 
with respect to the effectiveness of activities carried out using that 
grant. Each report shall include an evaluation in such form and 
containing such information as the Attorney General may reasonably 
require. The Attorney General shall specify the dates on which such 
reports shall be submitted.

``SEC. 2917. DEFINITIONS.

    ``In this part:
            ``(1) State or local prosecutor.--The term `State or local 
        prosecutor' means any district attorney, State attorney 
        general, county attorney, or corporation counsel who has 
        authority to prosecute criminal offenses under State or local 
        law.
            ``(2) Eligible offender.--The term `eligible offender' 
        means an individual who--
                    ``(A) has been convicted, pled guilty, or admitted 
                guilt with respect to a crime for which a sentence of 
                imprisonment is required and has not completed such 
                sentence;
                    ``(B) has never been charged with or convicted of 
                an offense, during the course of which--
                            ``(i) the individual carried, possessed, or 
                        used a firearm or dangerous weapon; or
                            ``(ii) there occurred the use of force 
                        against the person of another, without regard 
                        to whether any of the behavior described in 
                        clause (i) is an element of the offense or for 
                        which the person is charged or convicted;
                    ``(C) does not have 1 or more prior convictions for 
                a felony crime of violence involving the use or 
                attempted use of force against a person with the intent 
                to cause death or serious bodily harm; and
                    ``(D)(i) has received an assessment for alcohol or 
                drug addiction from a substance abuse professional who 
                is approved by the State and licensed by the 
                appropriate entity to provide alcohol and drug 
                addiction treatment, as appropriate; and
                    ``(ii) has been found to be in need of substance 
                abuse treatment because that individual has a history 
                of substance abuse that is a significant contributing 
                factor to the criminal conduct of that individual.''.
    (b) Authorization of Appropriations.--Section 1001(a) of title I of 
the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 (42 U.S.C. 
3793(a)) is amended by adding at the end the following new paragraph:
            ``(26) There are authorized to be appropriated to carry out 
        part DD such sums as may be necessary for each of fiscal years 
        2008 and 2009.''.

SEC. 114. GRANTS FOR FAMILY SUBSTANCE ABUSE TREATMENT ALTERNATIVES TO 
              INCARCERATION.

    Title I of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act (42 
U.S.C. 3711 et seq.) is amended by inserting after part II the 
following:

``PART JJ--GRANTS FOR FAMILY SUBSTANCE ABUSE TREATMENT ALTERNATIVES TO 
                             INCARCERATION

``SEC. 3001. GRANTS AUTHORIZED.

    ``The Attorney General may make grants to States, units of local 
government, territories, and Indian tribes to develop, implement, and 
expand comprehensive and clinically-appropriate family-based substance 
abuse treatment programs as alternatives to incarceration for 
nonviolent parent drug offenders.

``SEC. 3002. USE OF GRANT FUNDS.

    ``Grants made to an entity under section 3001 for a program 
described in such section may be used for the following:
            ``(1) Salaries, personnel costs, facility costs, and other 
        costs directly related to the operation of that program.
            ``(2) Payments to providers of substance abuse treatment 
        for providing treatment and case management to nonviolent 
        parent drug offenders participating in that program, including 
        comprehensive treatment for mental health disorders, parenting 
        classes, educational classes, vocational training, and job 
        placement.
            ``(3) Payments to public and nonprofit private entities to 
        provide substance abuse treatment to nonviolent parent drug 
        offenders participating in that program.

``SEC. 3003. PROGRAM REQUIREMENTS.

    ``A program for which a grant is made under section 3001 shall 
comply with the following requirements:
            ``(1) The program shall ensure that all providers of 
        substance abuse treatment are approved by the State and are 
        licensed, if necessary, to provide medical and other health 
        services.
            ``(2) The program shall ensure appropriate coordination and 
        consultation with the Single State Authority for Substance 
        Abuse of the State (as that term is defined in section 201(e) 
        of the Second Chance Act of 2007).
            ``(3) The program shall consist of clinically-appropriate, 
        comprehensive, and long-term family treatment, including the 
        treatment of the nonviolent parent drug offender, the child of 
        such offender, and any other appropriate member of the family 
        of the offender.
            ``(4) The program shall be provided in a residential 
        setting that is not a hospital setting or an intensive 
        outpatient setting.
            ``(5) The program shall provide that if a nonviolent parent 
        drug offender who participates in that program does not 
        successfully complete the program the offender shall serve an 
        appropriate sentence of imprisonment with respect to the 
        underlying crime involved.
            ``(6) The program shall ensure that a determination is made 
        as to whether a nonviolent drug offender has completed the 
        substance abuse treatment program.
            ``(7) The program shall include the implementation of a 
        system of graduated sanctions (including incentives) that are 
        applied based on the accountability of the nonviolent parent 
        drug offender involved throughout the course of that program to 
        encourage compliance with that program.
            ``(8) The program shall develop and implement a reentry 
        plan for each nonviolent parent drug offender that shall 
        include reinforcement strategies for family involvement as 
        appropriate, relapse strategies, support groups, placement in 
        transitional housing, and continued substance abuse treatment, 
        as needed.

``SEC. 3004. DEFINITIONS.

    ``In this part:
            ``(1) Nonviolent parent drug offenders.--The term 
        `nonviolent parent drug offender' means an offender who is--
                    ``(A) a parent of an individual under 18 years of 
                age; and
                    ``(B) convicted of a drug (or drug-related) felony 
                that is a nonviolent offense.
            ``(2) Nonviolent offense.--The term `nonviolent offense' 
        has the meaning given that term in section 2991(a).

``SEC. 3005. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

    ``There are authorized to be appropriated to carry out this part 
$10,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2008 and 2009.''.

SEC. 115. PRISON-BASED FAMILY TREATMENT PROGRAMS FOR INCARCERATED 
              PARENTS OF MINOR CHILDREN.

    Title I of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act (42 
U.S.C. 3711 et seq.), is amended--
            (1) by redesignating part X as part KK; and
            (2) by adding at the end the following:

  ``PART LL--PRISON-BASED FAMILY TREATMENT PROGRAMS FOR INCARCERATED 
                       PARENTS OF MINOR CHILDREN

``SEC. 3021. GRANTS AUTHORIZED.

    ``The Attorney General may make grants to States, units of local 
government, territories, and Indian tribes to provide prison-based 
family treatment programs for incarcerated parents of minor children.

``SEC. 3022. USE OF GRANT FUNDS.

    ``An entity that receives a grant under this part shall use amounts 
provided under that grant to--
            ``(1) develop, implement, and expand prison-based family 
        treatment programs in correctional facilities for incarcerated 
        parents with minor children, excluding from the programs those 
        parents with respect to whom there is reasonable evidence of 
        domestic violence or child abuse;
            ``(2) coordinate the design and implementation of such 
        programs between appropriate correctional facility 
        representatives and the appropriate governmental agencies; and
            ``(3) develop and implement a pre-release assessment and a 
        reentry plan for each incarcerated parent scheduled to be 
        released to the community, which shall include--
                    ``(A) a treatment program for the incarcerated 
                parent to receive continuous substance abuse treatment 
                services and related support services, as needed;
                    ``(B) a housing plan during transition from 
                incarceration to reentry, as needed;
                    ``(C) a vocational or employment plan, including 
                training and job placement services; and
                    ``(D) any other services necessary to provide 
                successful reentry into the community.

``SEC. 3023. PROGRAM REQUIREMENTS.

    ``A prison-based family treatment program for incarcerated parents 
with respect to which a grant is made shall comply with the following 
requirements:
            ``(1) The program shall integrate techniques to assess the 
        strengths and needs of immediate and extended family of the 
        incarcerated parent to support a treatment plan of the 
        incarcerated parent.
            ``(2) The program shall ensure that each participant in 
        that program has access to consistent and uninterrupted care if 
        transferred to a different correctional facility within the 
        State or other relevant entity.
            ``(3) The program shall be located in an area separate from 
        the general population of the prison.

``SEC. 3024. APPLICATIONS.

    ``To be eligible for a grant under this part for a prison-based 
family treatment program, an entity described in section 3021 shall, in 
addition to any other requirement specified by the Attorney General, 
submit an application to the Attorney General in such form and manner 
and at such time as specified by the Attorney General. Such application 
shall include a description of the methods and measurements the entity 
will use for purposes of evaluating the program involved and such other 
information as the Attorney General may reasonably require.

``SEC. 3025. REPORTS.

    ``An entity that receives a grant under this part for a prison-
based family treatment program during a fiscal year shall submit to the 
Attorney General, not later than a date specified by the Attorney 
General, a report that describes and evaluates the effectiveness of 
that program during such fiscal year that--
            ``(1) is based on evidence-based data; and
            ``(2) uses the methods and measurements described in the 
        application of that entity for purposes of evaluating that 
        program.

``SEC. 3026. PRISON-BASED FAMILY TREATMENT PROGRAM DEFINED.

    ``In this part, the term `prison-based family treatment program' 
means a program for incarcerated parents in a correctional facility 
that provides a comprehensive response to offender needs, including 
substance abuse treatment, child early intervention services, family 
counseling, legal services, medical care, mental health services, 
nursery and preschool, parenting skills training, pediatric care, 
physical therapy, prenatal care, sexual abuse therapy, relapse 
prevention, transportation, and vocational or GED training.

``SEC. 3027. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

    ``There are authorized to be appropriated to carry out this part 
$10,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2008 and 2009.''.

SEC. 116. GRANT PROGRAMS RELATING TO EDUCATIONAL METHODS AT PRISONS, 
              JAILS, AND JUVENILE FACILITIES.

    Title I of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 
(42 U.S.C. 3711 et seq.), as amended by this Act, is amended by adding 
at the end the following:

 ``PART MM--GRANT PROGRAM TO EVALUATE EDUCATIONAL METHODS AT PRISONS, 
                     JAILS, AND JUVENILE FACILITIES

``SEC. 3031. GRANT PROGRAM TO EVALUATE EDUCATIONAL METHODS AT PRISONS, 
              JAILS, AND JUVENILE FACILITIES.

    ``(a) Grant Program Authorized.--The Attorney General shall carry 
out a grant program under which the Attorney General may make grants to 
States, units of local government, territories, Indian tribes, and 
other public and private entities to--
            ``(1) evaluate methods to improve academic and vocational 
        education for offenders in prisons, jails, and juvenile 
        facilities; and
            ``(2) identify, and make recommendations to the Attorney 
        General regarding, best practices relating to academic and 
        vocational education for offenders in prisons, jails, and 
        juvenile facilities, based on the evaluation under paragraph 
        (1).
    ``(b) Application.--To be eligible for a grant under this section, 
a State or other entity described in subsection (a) shall submit to the 
Attorney General an application in such form and manner, at such time 
and accompanied by such information as the Attorney General specifies.
    ``(c) Report.--Not later than 90 days after the last day of the 
final fiscal year of a grant under this section, the entity described 
in subsection (a) receiving that grant shall submit to the Attorney 
General a detailed report of the aggregate findings and conclusions of 
the evaluation described in subsection (a)(1), conducted by that entity 
and the recommendations of that entity to the Attorney General 
described in subsection (a)(2).
    ``(d) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be 
appropriated $5,000,000 to carry out this section for each of fiscal 
years 2008 and 2009.

``SEC. 3032. GRANTS TO IMPROVE EDUCATIONAL SERVICES IN PRISONS, JAILS, 
              AND JUVENILE FACILITIES.

    ``(a) Grant Program Authorized.--The Attorney General shall carry 
out a grant program under which the Attorney General may make grants to 
States, units of local government, territories, and Indian tribes for 
the purpose of improving the academic and vocational education programs 
available to offenders in prisons, jails, and juvenile facilities.
    ``(b) Application.--To be eligible for a grant under this section, 
an entity described in subsection (a) shall submit to the Attorney 
General an application in such form and manner, at such time, and 
accompanied by such information as the Attorney General specifies.
    ``(c) Reports.--An entity that receives a grant under subsection 
(a) during a fiscal year shall, not later than the last day of the 
following fiscal year, submit to the Attorney General a report that 
describes and assesses the uses of that grant.
    ``(d) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be 
appropriated $10,000,000 to carry out this section for each of fiscal 
years 2008 and 2009.''.

                   Subtitle C--Conforming Amendments

SEC. 121. USE OF VIOLENT OFFENDER TRUTH-IN-SENTENCING GRANT FUNDING FOR 
              DEMONSTRATION PROJECT ACTIVITIES.

    Section 20102(a) of the Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement 
Act of 1994 (42 U.S.C. 13702(a)) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (2) by striking ``and'' at the end;
            (2) in paragraph (3) by striking the period at the end and 
        inserting ``; and''; and
            (3) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(4) to carry out any activity described in section 
        2976(b) of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 
        1968 (42 U.S.C. 3797w(b)).''.

     TITLE II--ENHANCED DRUG TREATMENT AND MENTORING GRANT PROGRAMS

                       Subtitle A--Drug Treatment

SEC. 201. GRANTS FOR DEMONSTRATION PROGRAMS TO REDUCE DRUG USE AND 
              RECIDIVISM IN LONG-TERM SUBSTANCE ABUSERS.

    (a) Awards Required.--The Attorney General may make competitive 
grants to eligible partnerships, in accordance with this section, for 
the purpose of establishing demonstration programs to reduce the use of 
alcohol and other drugs by supervised long-term substance abusers 
during the period in which each such long-term substance abuser is in 
prison, jail, or a juvenile facility, and until the completion of 
parole or court supervision of such abuser.
    (b) Use of Grant Funds.--A grant made under subsection (a) to an 
eligible partnership for a demonstration program, shall be used--
            (1) to support the efforts of the agencies, organizations, 
        and researchers included in the eligible partnership, with 
        respect to the program for which a grant is awarded under this 
        section;
            (2) to develop and implement a program for supervised long-
        term substance abusers during the period described in 
        subsection (a), which shall include--
                    (A) alcohol and drug abuse assessments that--
                            (i) are provided by a State-approved 
                        program; and
                            (ii) provide adequate incentives for 
                        completion of a comprehensive alcohol or drug 
                        abuse treatment program, including through the 
                        use of graduated sanctions; and
                    (B) coordinated and continuous delivery of drug 
                treatment and case management services during such 
                period; and
            (3) to provide addiction recovery support services (such as 
        job training and placement, peer support, mentoring, education, 
        and other related services) to strengthen rehabilitation 
        efforts for long-term substance abusers.
    (c) Application.--To be eligible for a grant under subsection (a) 
for a demonstration program, an eligible partnership shall submit to 
the Attorney General an application that--
            (1) identifies the role, and certifies the involvement, of 
        each agency, organization, or researcher involved in such 
        partnership, with respect to the program;
            (2) includes a plan for using judicial or other criminal or 
        juvenile justice authority to supervise the long-term substance 
        abusers who would participate in a demonstration program under 
        this section, including for--
                    (A) administering drug tests for such abusers on a 
                regular basis; and
                    (B) swiftly and certainly imposing an established 
                set of graduated sanctions for non-compliance with 
                conditions for reentry into the community relating to 
                drug abstinence (whether imposed as a pre-trial, 
                probation, or parole condition, or otherwise);
            (3) includes a plan to provide supervised long-term 
        substance abusers with coordinated and continuous services that 
        are based on evidence-based strategies and that assist such 
        abusers by providing such abusers with--
                    (A) drug treatment while in prison, jail, or a 
                juvenile facility;
                    (B) continued treatment during the period in which 
                each such long-term substance abuser is in prison, 
                jail, or a juvenile facility, and until the completion 
                of parole or court supervision of such abuser;
                    (C) addiction recovery support services;
                    (D) employment training and placement;
                    (E) family-based therapies;
                    (F) structured post-release housing and 
                transitional housing, including housing for recovering 
                substance abusers; and
                    (G) other services coordinated by appropriate case 
                management services;
            (4) includes a plan for coordinating the data 
        infrastructures among the entities included in the eligible 
        partnership and between such entities and the providers of 
        services under the demonstration program involved (including 
        providers of technical assistance) to assist in monitoring and 
        measuring the effectiveness of demonstration programs under 
        this section; and
            (5) includes a plan to monitor and measure the number of 
        long-term substance abusers--
                    (A) located in each community involved; and
                    (B) who improve the status of their employment, 
                housing, health, and family life.
    (d) Reports to Congress.--
            (1) Interim report.--Not later than September 30, 2008, the 
        Attorney General shall submit to Congress a report that 
        identifies the best practices relating to the comprehensive and 
        coordinated treatment of long-term substance abusers, including 
        the best practices identified through the activities funded 
        under this section.
            (2) Final report.--Not later than September 30, 2009, the 
        Attorney General shall submit to Congress a report on the 
        demonstration programs funded under this section, including on 
        the matters specified in paragraph (1).
    (e)  Definitions.--In this section:
            (1) Eligible partnership.--The term ``eligible 
        partnership'' means a partnership that includes--
                    (A) the applicable Single State Authority for 
                Substance Abuse;
                    (B) the State, local, territorial, or tribal 
                criminal or juvenile justice authority involved;
                    (C) a researcher who has experience in evidence-
                based studies that measure the effectiveness of 
                treating long-term substance abusers during the period 
                in which such abusers are under the supervision of the 
                criminal or juvenile justice system involved;
                    (D) community-based organizations that provide drug 
                treatment, related recovery services, job training and 
                placement, educational services, housing assistance, 
                mentoring, or medical services; and
                    (E) Federal agencies (such as the Drug Enforcement 
                Agency, the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and 
                Explosives, and the office of a United States 
                attorney).
            (2) Long-term substance abuser.--The term ``long-term 
        substance abuser'' means an individual who--
                    (A) is in a prison, jail, or juvenile facility;
                    (B) has abused illegal drugs or alcohol for a 
                significant number of years; and
                    (C) is scheduled to be released from prison, jail, 
                or a juvenile facility during the 24-month period 
                beginning on the date the relevant application is 
                submitted under subsection (c).
            (3) Single state authority for substance abuse.--The term 
        ``Single State Authority for Substance Abuse'' means an entity 
        designated by the Governor or chief executive officer of a 
        State as the single State administrative authority responsible 
        for the planning, development, implementation, monitoring, 
        regulation, and evaluation of substance abuse services in that 
        State.
    (f) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be 
appropriated to carry out this section $5,000,000 for each of fiscal 
years 2008 and 2009.

SEC. 202. OFFENDER DRUG TREATMENT INCENTIVE GRANTS.

    (a) Grant Program Authorized.--The Attorney General shall carry out 
a grant program under which the Attorney General may make grants to 
States, units of local government, territories, and Indian tribes in an 
amount described in subsection (c) to improve the provision of drug 
treatment to offenders in prisons, jails, and juvenile facilities.
    (b) Requirements for Application.--
            (1) In general.--To be eligible to receive a grant under 
        subsection (a) for a fiscal year, an entity described in that 
        subsection shall, in addition to any other requirements 
        specified by the Attorney General, submit to the Attorney 
        General an application that demonstrates that, with respect to 
        offenders in prisons, jails, and juvenile facilities who 
        require drug treatment and who are in the custody of the 
        jurisdiction involved, during the previous fiscal year that 
        entity provided drug treatment meeting the standards 
        established by the Single State Authority for Substance Abuse 
        (as that term is defined in section 201) for the relevant State 
        to a number of such offenders that is 2 times the number of 
        such offenders to whom that entity provided drug treatment 
        during the fiscal year that is 2 years before the fiscal year 
        for which that entity seeks a grant.
            (2) Other requirements.--An application under this section 
        shall be submitted in such form and manner and at such time as 
        specified by the Attorney General.
    (c) Allocation of Grant Amounts Based on Drug Treatment Percent 
Demonstrated.--The Attorney General shall allocate amounts under this 
section for a fiscal year based on the percent of offenders described 
in subsection (b)(1) to whom an entity provided drug treatment in the 
previous fiscal year, as demonstrated by that entity in its application 
under that subsection.
    (d) Uses of Grants.--A grant awarded to an entity under subsection 
(a) shall be used--
            (1) for continuing and improving drug treatment programs 
        provided at prisons, jails, and juvenile facilities of that 
        entity; and
            (2) to strengthen rehabilitation efforts for offenders by 
        providing addiction recovery support services, such as job 
        training and placement, education, peer support, mentoring, and 
        other similar services.
    (e) Reports.--An entity that receives a grant under subsection (a) 
during a fiscal year shall, not later than the last day of the 
following fiscal year, submit to the Attorney General a report that 
describes and assesses the uses of such grant.
    (f) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be 
appropriated $10,000,000 to carry out this section for each of fiscal 
years 2008 and 2009.

SEC. 203. ENSURING AVAILABILITY AND DELIVERY OF NEW PHARMACOLOGICAL 
              DRUG TREATMENT SERVICES.

    (a) Grant Program Authorized.--The Attorney General, through the 
National Institute of Justice, and in consultation with the National 
Institute on Drug Abuse and the Substance Abuse and Mental Health 
Services Administration, shall carry out a grant program under which 
the Attorney General may make grants to States, units of local 
government, territories, Indian tribes, and public and private 
organizations to establish pharmacological drug treatment services as 
part of the available drug treatment programs being offered by such 
grantees to offenders who are in prison or jail.
    (b) Consideration of Pharmacological Treatments.--In awarding 
grants under this section to eligible entities, the Attorney General 
shall consider--
            (1) the number and availability of pharmacological 
        treatments offered under the program involved; and
            (2) the participation of researchers who are familiar with 
        evidence-based studies and are able to measure the 
        effectiveness of such treatments using randomized trials.
    (c) Applications.--
            (1) In general.--To be eligible for a grant under this 
        section, an entity described in subsection (a) shall submit to 
        the Attorney General an application in such form and manner and 
        at such time as the Attorney General specifies.
            (2) Information required.--An application submitted under 
        paragraph (1) shall--
                    (A) provide assurances that grant funds will be 
                used only for a program that is created in coordination 
                with (or approved by) the Single State Authority for 
                Substance Abuse (as that term is defined in section 
                201) of the State involved to ensure pharmacological 
                drug treatment services provided under that program are 
                clinically appropriate;
                    (B) demonstrate how pharmacological drug treatment 
                services offered under the program are part of a 
                clinically-appropriate and comprehensive treatment 
                plan; and
                    (C) contain such other information as the Attorney 
                General specifies.
    (d) Reports.--An entity that receives a grant under subsection (a) 
during a fiscal year shall, not later than the last day of the 
following fiscal year, submit to the Attorney General a report that 
describes and assesses the uses of that grant.

SEC. 204. STUDY OF EFFECTIVENESS OF DEPOT NALTREXONE FOR HEROIN 
              ADDICTION.

    (a) Grant Program Authorized.--The Attorney General, through the 
National Institute of Justice, and in consultation with the National 
Institute on Drug Abuse, shall carry out a grant program under which 
the Attorney General may make grants to public and private research 
entities (including consortia, single private research entities, and 
individual institutions of higher education) to evaluate the 
effectiveness of depot naltrexone for the treatment of heroin 
addiction.
    (b) Evaluation Program.--To be eligible to receive a grant under 
this section, an entity described in subsection (a) shall submit to the 
Attorney General an application that--
            (1) contains such information as the Attorney General 
        specifies, including information that demonstrates that--
                    (A) the applicant conducts research at a private or 
                public institution of higher education, as that term is 
                defined in section 101 of the Higher Education Act of 
                1965 (20 U.S.C. 1101);
                    (B) the applicant has a plan to work with parole 
                officers or probation officers for offenders who are 
                under court supervision; and
                    (C) the evaluation described in subsection (a) will 
                measure the effectiveness of such treatments using 
                randomized trials; and
            (2) is in such form and manner and at such time as the 
        Attorney General specifies.
    (c) Reports.--An entity that receives a grant under subsection (a) 
during a fiscal year shall, not later than the last day of the 
following fiscal year, submit to the Attorney General a report that 
describes and assesses the uses of that grant.

SEC. 205. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

    There are authorized to be appropriated $10,000,000 to carry out 
sections 203 and 204 for each of fiscal years 2008 and 2009.

                        Subtitle B--Job Training

SEC. 211. TECHNOLOGY CAREERS TRAINING DEMONSTRATION GRANTS.

    (a) Authority To Make Grants.--From amounts made available to carry 
out this section, the Attorney General shall make grants to States, 
units of local government, territories, and Indian tribes to provide 
technology career training to prisoners.
    (b) Use of Funds.--A grant awarded under subsection (a) may be used 
to establish a technology careers training program to train prisoners 
during the 3-year period before release from prison, jail, or a 
juvenile facility for technology-based jobs and careers.
    (c) Reports.--An entity that receives a grant under subsection (a) 
during a fiscal year shall, not later than the last day of the 
following fiscal year, submit to the Attorney General a report that 
describes and assesses the uses of that grant during that fiscal year.
    (d) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be 
appropriated to carry out this section $5,000,000 for each of fiscal 
years 2008 and 2009.

SEC. 212. GRANTS TO STATES FOR IMPROVED WORKPLACE AND COMMUNITY 
              TRANSITION TRAINING FOR INCARCERATED YOUTH OFFENDERS.

    Section 821 of the Higher Education Amendments of 1998 (20 U.S.C. 
1151) is amended to read as follows:

``SEC. 821. GRANTS TO STATES FOR IMPROVED WORKPLACE AND COMMUNITY 
              TRANSITION TRAINING FOR INCARCERATED YOUTH OFFENDERS.

    ``(a) Definition.--For purposes of this section, the term `youth 
offender' means a male or female offender under the age of 35, who is 
incarcerated in a State prison, including a prerelease facility.
    ``(b) Grant Program.--The Secretary of Education (in this section 
referred to as the `Secretary')--
            ``(1) shall establish a program in accordance with this 
        section to provide grants to the State correctional education 
        agencies in the States, from allocations for the States under 
        subsection (h), to assist and encourage youth offenders to 
        acquire functional literacy, life, and job skills, through--
                    ``(A) the pursuit of a postsecondary education 
                certificate, or an associate or bachelor's degree while 
                in prison; and
                    ``(B) employment counseling and other related 
                services which start during incarceration and end not 
                later than 1 year after release from confinement; and
            ``(2) may establish such performance objectives and 
        reporting requirements for State correctional education 
        agencies receiving grants under this section as the Secretary 
        determines are necessary to assess the effectiveness of the 
        program under this section.
    ``(c) Application.--To be eligible for a grant under this section, 
a State correctional education agency shall submit to the Secretary a 
proposal for a youth offender program that--
            ``(1) identifies the scope of the problem, including the 
        number of youth offenders in need of postsecondary education 
        and career and technical education;
            ``(2) lists the accredited public or private educational 
        institution or institutions that will provide postsecondary 
        educational services;
            ``(3) lists the cooperating agencies, public and private, 
        or businesses that will provide related services, such as 
        counseling in the areas of career development, substance abuse, 
        health, and parenting skills;
            ``(4) describes specific performance objectives and 
        evaluation methods (in addition to, and consistent with, any 
        objectives established by the Secretary under subsection 
        (b)(2)) that the State correctional education agency will use 
        in carrying out its proposal, including--
                    ``(A) specific and quantified student outcome 
                measures that are referenced to outcomes for non-
                program participants with similar demographic 
                characteristics; and
                    ``(B) measures, consistent with the data elements 
                and definitions described in subsection (d)(1)(A), of--
                            ``(i) program completion, including an 
                        explicit definition of what constitutes a 
                        program completion within the proposal;
                            ``(ii) knowledge and skill attainment, 
                        including specification of instruments that 
                        will measure knowledge and skill attainment;
                            ``(iii) attainment of employment both prior 
                        to and subsequent to release;
                            ``(iv) success in employment indicated by 
                        job retention and advancement; and
                            ``(v) recidivism, including such 
                        subindicators as time before subsequent offense 
                        and severity of offense;
            ``(5) describes how the proposed programs are to be 
        integrated with existing State correctional education programs 
        (such as adult education, graduate education degree programs, 
        and career and technical education) and State industry 
        programs;
            ``(6) describes how the proposed programs will have 
        considered or will utilize technology to deliver the services 
        under this section; and
            ``(7) describes how students will be selected so that only 
        youth offenders eligible under subsection (e) will be enrolled 
        in postsecondary programs.
    ``(d) Program Requirements.--Each State correctional education 
agency receiving a grant under this section shall--
            ``(1) annually report to the Secretary regarding--
                    ``(A) the results of the evaluations conducted 
                using data elements and definitions provided by the 
                Secretary for the use of State correctional education 
                programs;
                    ``(B) any objectives or requirements established by 
                the Secretary pursuant to subsection (b)(2); and
                    ``(C) the additional performance objectives and 
                evaluation methods contained in the proposal described 
                in subsection (c)(4), as necessary to document the 
                attainment of project performance objectives; and
            ``(2) expend on each participating eligible student for an 
        academic year, not more than the maximum Federal Pell Grant 
        funded under section 401 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 
        for such academic year, which shall be used for--
                    ``(A) tuition, books, and essential materials; and
                    ``(B) related services such as career development, 
                substance abuse counseling, parenting skills training, 
                and health education.
    ``(e) Student Eligibility.--A youth offender shall be eligible for 
participation in a program receiving a grant under this section if the 
youth offender--
            ``(1) is eligible to be released within 5 years (including 
        a youth offender who is eligible for parole within such time); 
        and
            ``(2) is 35 years of age or younger.
    ``(f) Length of Participation.--A State correctional education 
agency receiving a grant under this section shall provide educational 
and related services to each participating youth offender for a period 
not to exceed 5 years, 1 year of which may be devoted to study in a 
graduate education degree program or to remedial education services for 
students who have obtained a secondary school diploma or its recognized 
equivalent. Educational and related services shall start during the 
period of incarceration in prison or prerelease, and the related 
services may continue for not more than 1 year after release from 
confinement.
    ``(g) Education Delivery Systems.--State correctional education 
agencies and cooperating institutions shall, to the extent practicable, 
use high-tech applications in developing programs to meet the 
requirements and goals of this section.
    ``(h) Allocation of Funds.--From the funds appropriated pursuant to 
subsection (i) for each fiscal year, the Secretary shall allot to each 
State an amount that bears the same relationship to such funds as the 
total number of students eligible under subsection (e) in such State 
bears to the total number of such students in all States.
    ``(i) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be 
appropriated to carry out this section $30,000,000 for fiscal years 
2008 and 2009.''.

                         Subtitle C--Mentoring

SEC. 221. MENTORING GRANTS TO NONPROFIT ORGANIZATIONS.

    (a) Authority To Make Grants.--From amounts made available to carry 
out this section, the Attorney General shall make grants to nonprofit 
organizations for the purpose of providing mentoring and other 
transitional services essential to reintegrating offenders into the 
community.
    (b) Use of Funds.--A grant awarded under subsection (a) may be used 
for--
            (1) mentoring adult and juvenile offenders during 
        incarceration, through transition back to the community, and 
        post-release;
            (2) transitional services to assist in the reintegration of 
        offenders into the community; and
            (3) training regarding offender and victims issues.
    (c) Application; Priority Consideration.--
            (1) In general.--To be eligible to receive a grant under 
        this section, a nonprofit organization shall submit an 
        application to the Attorney General at such time, in such 
        manner, and accompanied by such information as the Attorney 
        General may require.
            (2) Priority consideration.--Priority consideration shall 
        be given to any application under this section that--
                    (A) includes a plan to implement activities that 
                have been demonstrated effective in facilitating the 
                successful reentry of offenders; and
                    (B) provides for an independent evaluation that 
                includes, to the maximum extent feasible, random 
                assignment of offenders to program delivery and control 
                groups.
    (d) Strategic Performance Outcomes.--The Attorney General shall 
require each applicant under this section to identify specific 
performance outcomes related to the long-term goal of stabilizing 
communities by reducing recidivism (using a measure that is consistent 
with the research undertaken by the Bureau of Justice Statistics under 
section 241(b)(6)), and reintegrating offenders into society.
    (e) Reports.--An entity that receives a grant under subsection (a) 
during a fiscal year shall, not later than the last day of the 
following fiscal year, submit to the Attorney General a report that 
describes and assesses the uses of that grant during that fiscal year 
and that identifies the progress of the grantee toward achieving its 
strategic performance outcomes.
    (f) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be 
appropriated to the Attorney General to carry out this section 
$15,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2008 and 2009.

SEC. 222. BUREAU OF PRISONS POLICY ON MENTORING CONTACTS.

    (a) In General.--Not later than 90 days after the date of enactment 
of this Act, the Director of the Bureau of Prisons shall, in order to 
promote stability and continued assistance to offenders after release 
from prison, adopt and implement a policy to ensure that any person who 
provides mentoring services to an incarcerated offender is permitted to 
continue such services after that offender is released from prison. 
That policy shall permit the continuation of mentoring services unless 
the Director demonstrates that such services would be a significant 
security risk to the offender, incarcerated offenders, persons who 
provide such services, or any other person.
    (b) Report.--Not later than September 30, 2008, the Director of the 
Bureau of Prisons shall submit to Congress a report on the extent to 
which the policy described in subsection (a) has been implemented and 
followed.

             Subtitle D--Administration of Justice Reforms

             CHAPTER 1--IMPROVING FEDERAL OFFENDER REENTRY

SEC. 231. FEDERAL PRISONER REENTRY PROGRAM.

    (a) Establishment.--The Director of the Bureau of Prisons (in this 
chapter referred to as the ``Director'') shall establish a prisoner 
reentry strategy to help prepare prisoners for release and successful 
reintegration into the community, which shall require that the Bureau 
of Prisons--
            (1) assess each prisoner's skill level (including academic, 
        vocational, health, cognitive, interpersonal, daily living, and 
        related reentry skills) at the beginning of the term of 
        imprisonment of that prisoner to identify any areas in need of 
        improvement prior to reentry;
            (2) generate a skills development plan for each prisoner to 
        monitor skills enhancement and reentry readiness throughout 
        incarceration;
            (3) determine program assignments for prisoners based on 
        the areas of need identified through the assessment described 
        in paragraph (1);
            (4) ensure that priority is given to the reentry needs of 
        high-risk populations, such as sex offenders, career criminals, 
        and prisoners with mental health problems;
            (5) coordinate and collaborate with other Federal agencies 
        and with State and local criminal justice agencies, community-
        based organizations, and faith-based organizations to help 
        effectuate a seamless reintegration of prisoners into their 
        communities;
            (6) collect information about a prisoner's family 
        relationships, parental responsibilities, and contacts with 
        children to help prisoners maintain important familial 
        relationships and support systems during incarceration and 
        after release from custody; and
            (7) provide incentives for prisoner participation in skills 
        development programs.
    (b) Incentives for Participation in Skills Development Programs.--A 
prisoner who participates in reentry and skills development programs 
may, at the discretion of the Director, receive any of the following 
incentives:
            (1) The maximum allowable period in a community confinement 
        facility.
            (2) A reduction in the term of imprisonment of that 
        prisoner, except that such reduction may not be more than 1 
        year from the term the prisoner must otherwise serve.
            (3) Such other incentives as the Director considers 
        appropriate.

SEC. 232. IDENTIFICATION AND RELEASE ASSISTANCE FOR FEDERAL PRISONERS.

    (a) Obtaining Identification.--The Director shall assist prisoners 
in obtaining identification (including a social security card, driver's 
license or other official photo identification, or birth certificate) 
prior to release.
    (b) Assistance Developing Release Plan.--At the request of a 
direct-release prisoner, a representative of the United States 
Probation System shall, prior to the release of that prisoner, help 
that prisoner develop a release plan.
    (c) Direct-Release Prisoner Defined.--In this section, the term 
``direct-release prisoner'' means a prisoner who is scheduled for 
release and will not be placed in pre-release custody.

SEC. 233. IMPROVED REENTRY PROCEDURES FOR FEDERAL PRISONERS.

    The Attorney General shall take such steps as are necessary to 
modify the procedures and policies of the Department of Justice with 
respect to the transition of offenders from the custody of the Bureau 
of Prisons to the community--
            (1) to enhance case planning and implementation of reentry 
        programs, policies, and guidelines;
            (2) to improve such transition to the community, including 
        placement of such individuals in community corrections 
        facilities; and
            (3) to foster the development of collaborative partnerships 
        with stakeholders at the national and local levels to 
        facilitate the exchange of information and the development of 
        resources to enhance opportunities for successful offender 
        reentry.

SEC. 234. DUTIES OF THE BUREAU OF PRISONS.

    (a) Duties of the Bureau of Prisons Expanded.--Section 4042(a) of 
title 18, United States Code, is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (4), by striking ``and'' at the end;
            (2) in paragraph (5), by striking the period and inserting 
        a semicolon; and
            (3) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(6) establish pre-release planning procedures that help 
        prisoners--
                    ``(A) apply for Federal and State benefits upon 
                release (including Social Security Cards, Social 
                Security benefits, and veterans' benefits); and
                    ``(B) secure such identification and benefits prior 
                to release, subject to any limitations in law; and
            ``(7) establish reentry planning procedures that include 
        providing Federal prisoners with information in the following 
        areas:
                    ``(A) Health and nutrition.
                    ``(B) Employment.
                    ``(C) Literacy and education.
                    ``(D) Personal finance and consumer skills.
                    ``(E) Community resources.
                    ``(F) Personal growth and development.
                    ``(G) Release requirements and procedures.''.
    (b) Measuring the Removal of Obstacles to Reentry.--
            (1) Program required.--The Director shall carry out a 
        program under which each institution within the Bureau of 
        Prisons codes the reentry needs and deficits of prisoners, as 
        identified by an assessment tool that is used to produce an 
        individualized skills development plan for each inmate.
            (2) Tracking.--In carrying out the program under this 
        subsection, the Director shall quantitatively track, by 
        institution and Bureau-wide, the progress in responding to the 
        reentry needs and deficits of individual inmates.
            (3) Annual report.--On an annual basis, the Director shall 
        prepare and submit to the Committee on the Judiciary of the 
        Senate and the Committee on the Judiciary of the House of 
        Representatives a report that documents the progress of each 
        institution within the Bureau of Prisons, and of the Bureau as 
        a whole, in responding to the reentry needs and deficits of 
        inmates. The report shall be prepared in a manner that groups 
        institutions by security level to allow comparisons of similar 
        institutions.
            (4) Evaluation.--The Director shall--
                    (A) implement a formal standardized process for 
                evaluating the success of each institution within the 
                Bureau of Prisons in enhancing skills and resources to 
                assist in reentry; and
                    (B) ensure that--
                            (i) each institution is held accountable 
                        for low performance under such an evaluation; 
                        and
                            (ii) plans for corrective action are 
                        developed and implemented as necessary.
    (c) Measuring and Improving Recidivism Outcomes.--
            (1) Annual report required.--
                    (A) In general.--At the end of each fiscal year, 
                the Director shall submit to the Committee on the 
                Judiciary of the Senate and the Committee on the 
                Judiciary of the House of Representatives a report 
                containing the statistics demonstrating the relative 
                reduction in recidivism for inmates released by the 
                Bureau of Prisons within that fiscal year and the 2 
                prior fiscal years, comparing inmates who participated 
                in major inmate programs (including residential drug 
                treatment, vocational training, and prison industries) 
                with inmates who did not participate in such programs. 
                Such statistics shall be compiled separately for each 
                such fiscal year.
                    (B) Scope.--A report under this paragraph is not 
                required to include statistics for a fiscal year that 
                begins before the date of the enactment of this Act.
                    (C) Contents.--Each report under this paragraph 
                shall provide the recidivism statistics for the Bureau 
                of Prisons as a whole, and separately for each 
                institution of the Bureau.
            (2) Measure used.--In preparing the reports required by 
        paragraph (1), the Director shall, in consultation with the 
        Director of the Bureau of Justice Statistics, select a measure 
        for recidivism (such as rearrest, reincarceration, or any other 
        valid, evidence-based measure) that the Director considers 
        appropriate and that is consistent with the research undertaken 
        by the Bureau of Justice Statistics under section 241(b)(6).
            (3) Goals.--
                    (A) In general.--After the Director submits the 
                first report required by paragraph (1), the Director 
                shall establish goals for reductions in recidivism 
                rates and shall work to attain those goals.
                    (B) Contents.--The goals established under 
                subparagraph (A) shall use the relative reductions in 
                recidivism measured for the fiscal year covered by that 
                first report as a baseline rate, and shall include--
                            (i) a 5-year goal to increase, at a 
                        minimum, the baseline relative reduction rate 
                        by 2 percent; and
                            (ii) a 10-year goal to increase, at a 
                        minimum, the baseline relative reduction rate 
                        by 5 percent within 10 fiscal years.
    (d) Format.--Any written information that the Bureau of Prisons 
provides to inmates for reentry planning purposes shall use common 
terminology and language.
    (e) Medical Care.--The Bureau of Prisons shall provide the United 
States Probation and Pretrial Services System with relevant information 
on the medical care needs and the mental health treatment needs of 
inmates scheduled for release from custody. The United States Probation 
and Pretrial Services System shall take this information into account 
when developing supervision plans in an effort to address the medical 
care and mental health care needs of such individuals. The Bureau of 
Prisons shall provide inmates with a sufficient amount of all necessary 
medications (which will normally consist of, at a minimum, a 2-week 
supply of such medications) upon release from custody.

SEC. 235. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS FOR BUREAU OF PRISONS.

    There are authorized to be appropriated to the Director to carry 
out sections 231, 232, 233, and 234 of this chapter, $5,000,000 for 
each of the fiscal years 2008 and 2009.

SEC. 236. ENCOURAGEMENT OF EMPLOYMENT OF FORMER PRISONERS.

    The Attorney General, in consultation with the Secretary of Labor, 
shall take such steps as are necessary to implement a program to 
educate employers and the one-stop partners and one-stop operators (as 
such terms are defined in section 101 of the Workforce Investment Act 
of 1998 (29 U.S.C. 2801)) that provide services at any center operated 
under a one-stop delivery system established under section 134(c) of 
the Workforce Investment Act of 1998 (29 U.S.C. 2864(c)) regarding 
incentives (including the Federal bonding program of the Department of 
Labor and tax credits) for hiring former Federal, State, or local 
prisoners.

SEC. 237. ELDERLY NONVIOLENT OFFENDER PILOT PROGRAM.

    (a) Program Established.--
            (1) In general.--Notwithstanding section 3624 of title 18, 
        United States Code, or any other provision of law, the Director 
        shall conduct a pilot program to determine the effectiveness of 
        removing each eligible elderly offender from a Bureau of Prison 
        facility and placing that offender on home detention until the 
        date on which the term of imprisonment to which that offender 
        was sentenced expires.
            (2) Timing of placement in home detention.--
                    (A) In general.--In carrying out the pilot program 
                under paragraph (1), the Director shall--
                            (i) in the case of an offender who is 
                        determined to be an eligible elderly offender 
                        on or before the date specified in subparagraph 
                        (B), place such offender on home detention not 
                        later than 180 days after the date of enactment 
                        of this Act; and
                            (ii) in the case of an offender who is 
                        determined to be an eligible elderly offender 
                        after the date specified in subparagraph (B) 
                        and before the date that is 3 years and 91 days 
                        after the date of enactment of this Act, place 
                        such offender on home detention not later than 
                        90 days after the date of that determination.
                    (B) Date specified.--For purposes of subparagraph 
                (A), the date specified in this subparagraph is the 
                date that is 90 days after the date of enactment of 
                this Act.
            (3) Violation of terms of home detention.--A violation by 
        an eligible elderly offender of the terms of home detention 
        (including the commission of another Federal, State, or local 
        crime) shall result in the removal of that offender from home 
        detention and the return of that offender to the designated 
        Bureau of Prisons institution in which that offender was 
        imprisoned immediately before placement on home detention under 
        paragraph (1).
    (b) Scope of Pilot Program.--
            (1) Participating designated facilities.--The pilot program 
        under subsection (a) shall be conducted through at least 1 
        Bureau of Prisons institution designated by the Director as 
        appropriate for the pilot program.
            (2) Duration.--The pilot program shall be conducted during 
        each of fiscal years 2008 and 2009.
    (c) Program Evaluation.--
            (1) In general.--The Director shall contract with an 
        independent organization to monitor and evaluate the progress 
        of each eligible elderly offender placed on home detention 
        under subsection (a)(1) for the period that offender is on home 
        detention during the period described in subsection (b)(2).
            (2) Annual report.--The organization described in paragraph 
        (1) shall annually submit to the Director and to Congress a 
        report on the pilot program under subsection (a)(1), which 
        shall include--
                    (A) an evaluation of the effectiveness of the pilot 
                program in providing a successful transition for 
                eligible elderly offenders from incarceration to the 
                community, including data relating to the recidivism 
                rates for such offenders; and
                    (B) the cost savings to the Federal Government 
                resulting from the early removal of such offenders from 
                incarceration.
            (3) Program adjustments.--Upon review of the report 
        submitted under paragraph (2), the Director shall submit 
        recommendations to Congress for adjustments to the pilot 
        program, including its expansion to additional facilities.
    (d) Definitions.--In this section:
            (1) Eligible elderly offender.--The term ``eligible elderly 
        offender'' means an offender in the custody of the Bureau of 
        Prisons who--
                    (A) is not less than 60 years of age;
                    (B) is serving a term of imprisonment after 
                conviction for an offense other than a crime of 
                violence (as that term is defined in section 16 of 
                title 18, United States Code) and has served the 
                greater of 10 years or \1/2\ of the term of 
                imprisonment of that offender;
                    (C) has not been convicted in the past of any 
                Federal or State crime of violence;
                    (D) has not been determined by the Bureau of 
                Prisons, on the basis of information the Bureau uses to 
                make custody classifications, and in the sole 
                discretion of the Bureau, to have a history of 
                violence; and
                    (E) has not escaped, or attempted to escape, from a 
                Bureau of Prisons institution.
            (2) Home detention.--The term ``home detention'' has the 
        same meaning given the term in the Federal Sentencing 
        Guidelines, and includes detention in a nursing home or other 
        residential long-term care facility.
            (3) Term of imprisonment.--The term ``term of 
        imprisonment'' includes multiple terms of imprisonment ordered 
        to run consecutively or concurrently, which shall be treated as 
        a single, aggregate term of imprisonment for purposes of this 
        section.
    (e) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be 
appropriated to carry out this section $5,000,000 for each of fiscal 
years 2008 and 2009.

                      CHAPTER 2--REENTRY RESEARCH

SEC. 241. OFFENDER REENTRY RESEARCH.

    (a) National Institute of Justice.--The National Institute of 
Justice may conduct research on juvenile and adult offender reentry, 
including--
            (1) a study identifying the number and characteristics of 
        minor children who have had a parent incarcerated, and the 
        likelihood of such minor children becoming involved in the 
        criminal justice system some time in their lifetime;
            (2) a study identifying a mechanism to compare rates of 
        recidivism (including rearrest, violations of parole, 
        probation, post-incarceration supervision, and reincarceration) 
        among States; and
            (3) a study on the population of offenders released from 
        custody who do not engage in recidivism and the characteristics 
        (housing, employment, treatment, family connection) of that 
        population.
    (b) Bureau of Justice Statistics.--The Bureau of Justice Statistics 
may conduct research on offender reentry, including--
            (1) an analysis of special populations (including prisoners 
        with mental illness or substance abuse disorders, female 
        offenders, juvenile offenders, offenders with limited English 
        proficiency, and the elderly) that present unique reentry 
        challenges;
            (2) studies to determine which offenders are returning to 
        prison, jail, or a juvenile facility and which of those 
        returning offenders represent the greatest risk to victims and 
        community safety;
            (3) annual reports on the demographic characteristics of 
        the population returning to society from prisons, jails, and 
        juvenile facilities;
            (4) a national recidivism study every 3 years;
            (5) a study of parole, probation, or post-incarceration 
        supervision violations and revocations; and
            (6) a study concerning the most appropriate measure to be 
        used when reporting recidivism rates (whether rearrest, 
        reincarceration, or any other valid, evidence-based measure).
    (c) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be 
appropriated to carry out this section $1,000,000 for each of fiscal 
years 2008 and 2009.

SEC. 242. GRANTS TO STUDY PAROLE OR POST-INCARCERATION SUPERVISION 
              VIOLATIONS AND REVOCATIONS.

    (a) Grants Authorized.--From amounts made available to carry out 
this section, the Attorney General may make grants to States to study 
and to improve the collection of data with respect to individuals whose 
parole or post-incarceration supervision is revoked, and which such 
individuals represent the greatest risk to victims and community 
safety.
    (b) Application.--As a condition of receiving a grant under this 
section, a State shall--
            (1) certify that the State has, or intends to establish, a 
        program that collects comprehensive and reliable data with 
        respect to individuals described in subsection (a), including 
        data on--
                    (A) the number and type of parole or post-
                incarceration supervision violations that occur with 
                the State;
                    (B) the reasons for parole or post-incarceration 
                supervision revocation;
                    (C) the underlying behavior that led to the 
                revocation; and
                    (D) the term of imprisonment or other penalty that 
                is imposed for the violation; and
            (2) provide the data described in paragraph (1) to the 
        Bureau of Justice Statistics, in a form prescribed by the 
        Bureau.
    (c) Analysis.--Any statistical analysis of population data under 
this section shall be conducted in accordance with the Federal Register 
Notice dated October 30, 1997, relating to classification standards.
    (d) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be 
appropriated to carry out this section $1,000,000 for each of fiscal 
years 2008 and 2009.

SEC. 243. ADDRESSING THE NEEDS OF CHILDREN OF INCARCERATED PARENTS.

    (a) Best Practices.--
            (1) In general.--The Attorney General shall collect data 
        and develop best practices of State corrections departments and 
        child protection agencies relating to the communication and 
        coordination between such State departments and agencies to 
        ensure the safety and support of children of incarcerated 
        parents (including those in foster care and kinship care), and 
        the support of parent-child relationships between incarcerated 
        (and formerly incarcerated) parents and their children, as 
        appropriate to the health and well-being of the children.
            (2) Contents.--The best practices developed under paragraph 
        (1) shall include information related to policies, procedures, 
        and programs that may be used by States to address--
                    (A) maintenance of the parent-child bond during 
                incarceration;
                    (B) parental self-improvement; and
                    (C) parental involvement in planning for the future 
                and well-being of their children.
    (b) Dissemination to States.--Not later than 1 year after the date 
of enactment of this Act, the Attorney General shall disseminate to 
States and other relevant entities the best practices described in 
subsection (a).
    (c) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that States and 
other relevant entities should use the best practices developed and 
disseminated in accordance with this section to evaluate and improve 
the communication and coordination between State corrections 
departments and child protection agencies to ensure the safety and 
support of children of incarcerated parents (including those in foster 
care and kinship care), and the support of parent-child relationships 
between incarcerated (and formerly incarcerated) parents and their 
children, as appropriate to the health and well-being of the children.

            CHAPTER 3--CORRECTIONAL REFORMS TO EXISTING LAW

SEC. 251. CLARIFICATION OF AUTHORITY TO PLACE PRISONER IN COMMUNITY 
              CORRECTIONS.

    (a) Pre-Release Custody.--Section 3624(c) of title 18, United 
States Code, is amended to read as follows:
    ``(c) Pre-Release Custody.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Director of the Bureau of Prisons 
        shall, to the extent practicable, ensure that a prisoner 
        serving a term of imprisonment spends a portion of the final 
        months of that term (not to exceed 12 months), under conditions 
        that will afford that prisoner a reasonable opportunity to 
        adjust to and prepare for the reentry of that prisoner into the 
        community. Such conditions may include a community correctional 
        facility.
            ``(2) Home confinement authority.--The authority under this 
        subsection may be used to place a prisoner in home confinement 
        for the shorter of 10 percent of the term of imprisonment of 
        that prisoner or 6 months.
            ``(3) Assistance.--The United States Probation System 
        shall, to the extent practicable, offer assistance to a 
        prisoner during pre-release custody under this subsection.
            ``(4) No limitations.--Nothing in this subsection shall be 
        construed to limit or restrict the authority of the Director of 
        the Bureau of Prisons under section 3621.
            ``(5) Reporting.--Not later than 1 year after the date of 
        enactment of the Recidivism Reduction and Second Chance Act of 
        2007 (and every year thereafter), the Director of the Bureau of 
        Prisons shall transmit to the Committee on the Judiciary of the 
        Senate and the Committee on the Judiciary of the House of 
        Representatives a report describing the Bureau's utilization of 
        community corrections facilities. Each report under this 
        paragraph shall set forth the number and percentage of Federal 
        prisoners placed in community corrections facilities during the 
        preceding year, the average length of such placements, trends 
        in such utilization, the reasons some prisoners are not placed 
        in community corrections facilities, and any other information 
        that may be useful to the committees in determining if the 
        Bureau is utilizing community corrections facilities in an 
        effective manner.
            ``(6) Issuance of regulations.--The Director of Bureau of 
        Prisons shall issue regulations pursuant to this subsection not 
        later than 90 days after the date of enactment of the 
        Recidivism Reduction and Second Chance Act of 2007.''.
    (b) Courts May Not Require a Sentence of Imprisonment To Be Served 
in a Community Corrections Facility.--Section 3621(b) of title 18, 
United States Code, is amended by adding at the end the following: 
``Any order, recommendation, or request by a sentencing court that a 
convicted person serve a term of imprisonment in a community 
corrections facility shall have no binding effect on the authority of 
the Bureau under this section to determine or change the place of 
imprisonment of that person.''.

SEC. 252. RESIDENTIAL DRUG ABUSE PROGRAM IN FEDERAL PRISONS.

    Section 3621(e)(5)(A) of title 18, United States Code, is amended 
by striking ``means a course of'' and all that follows and inserting 
the following: ``means a course of individual and group activities and 
treatment, lasting at least 6 months, in residential treatment 
facilities set apart from the general prison population (which may 
include the use of pharmocotherapies, where appropriate, that may 
extend beyond the 6-month period);''.

SEC. 253. MEDICAL CARE FOR PRISONERS.

    Section 3621 of title 18, United States Code, is further amended by 
adding at the end the following new subsection:
    ``(g) Continued Access to Medical Care.--
            ``(1) In general.--In order to ensure a minimum standard of 
        health and habitability, the Bureau of Prisons shall ensure 
        that each prisoner in a community confinement facility has 
        access to necessary medical care, mental health care, and 
        medicine.
            ``(2) Definition.--In this subsection, the term `community 
        confinement' has the meaning given that term in the application 
        notes under section 5F1.1 of the Federal Sentencing Guidelines 
        Manual, as in effect on the date of the enactment of the Second 
        Chance Act of 2007.''.

SEC. 254. CONTRACTING FOR SERVICES FOR POST-CONVICTION SUPERVISION 
              OFFENDERS.

    Section 3672 of title 18, United States Code, is amended by 
inserting after the third sentence in the seventh undesignated 
paragraph the following: ``He also shall have the authority to contract 
with any appropriate public or private agency or person to monitor and 
provide services to any offender in the community, including treatment, 
equipment and emergency housing, corrective and preventative guidance 
and training, and other rehabilitative services designed to protect the 
public and promote the successful reentry of the offender into the 
community.''.
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