[Congressional Bills 110th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[H.R. 7311 Enrolled Bill (ENR)]

        H.R.7311

                       One Hundred Tenth Congress

                                 of the

                        United States of America


                          AT THE SECOND SESSION

          Begun and held at the City of Washington on Thursday,
            the third day of January, two thousand and eight


                                 An Act


 
 To authorize appropriations for fiscal years 2008 through 2011 for the 
   Trafficking Victims Protection Act of 2000, to enhance measures to 
         combat trafficking in persons, and for other purposes.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS.
    (a) Short Title.--This Act may be cited as the ``William 
Wilberforce Trafficking Victims Protection Reauthorization Act of 
2008''.
    (b) Table of Contents.--The table of contents for this Act is as 
follows:

Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents.

         TITLE I--COMBATING INTERNATIONAL TRAFFICKING IN PERSONS

Sec. 101. Interagency Task Force to Monitor and Combat Trafficking.
Sec. 102. Office to Monitor and Combat Trafficking.
Sec. 103. Prevention and prosecution of trafficking in foreign 
          countries.
Sec. 104. Assistance for victims of trafficking in other countries.
Sec. 105. Increasing effectiveness of anti-trafficking programs.
Sec. 106. Minimum standards for the elimination of trafficking.
Sec. 107. Actions against governments failing to meet minimum standards.
Sec. 108. Research on domestic and international trafficking in persons.
Sec. 109. Presidential Award for Extraordinary Efforts to Combat 
          Trafficking in Persons.
Sec. 110. Report on activities of the Department of Labor to monitor and 
          combat forced labor and child labor.
Sec. 111. Sense of Congress regarding multilateral framework between 
          labor exporting and labor importing countries.

     TITLE II--COMBATING TRAFFICKING IN PERSONS IN THE UNITED STATES

 Subtitle A--Ensuring Availability of Possible Witnesses and Informants

Sec. 201. Protecting trafficking victims against retaliation.
Sec. 202. Protections for domestic workers and other nonimmigrants.
Sec. 203. Protections, remedies, and limitations on issuance for A-3 and 
          G-5 visas.
Sec. 204. Relief for certain victims pending actions on petitions and 
          applications for relief.
Sec. 205. Expansion of authority to permit continued presence in the 
          United States.

             Subtitle B--Assistance for Trafficking Victims

Sec. 211. Assistance for certain nonimmigrant status applicants.
Sec. 212. Interim assistance for children.
Sec. 213. Ensuring assistance for all victims of trafficking in persons.

       Subtitle C--Penalties Against Traffickers and Other Crimes

Sec. 221. Restitution of forfeited assets; enhancement of civil action.
Sec. 222. Enhancing penalties for trafficking offenses.
Sec. 223. Jurisdiction in certain trafficking offenses.
Sec. 224. Bail conditions, subpoenas, and repeat offender penalties for 
          sex trafficking.
Sec. 225. Promoting effective State enforcement.

         Subtitle D--Activities of the United States Government

Sec. 231. Annual report by the Attorney General.
Sec. 232. Investigation by the Inspectors General.
Sec. 233. Senior Policy Operating Group.
Sec. 234. Preventing United States travel by traffickers.
Sec. 235. Enhancing efforts to combat the trafficking of children.
Sec. 236. Restriction of passports for sex tourism.
Sec. 237. Additional reporting on crime.
Sec. 238. Processing of certain visas.
Sec. 239. Temporary increase in fee for certain consular services.

               TITLE III--AUTHORIZATIONS OF APPROPRIATIONS

Sec. 301. Trafficking Victims Protection Act of 2000.
Sec. 302. Trafficking Victims Protection Reauthorization Act of 2005.
Sec. 303. Rule of construction.
Sec. 304. Technical amendments.

                   TITLE IV--CHILD SOLDIERS PREVENTION

Sec. 401. Short title.
Sec. 402. Definitions.
Sec. 403. Sense of Congress.
Sec. 404. Prohibition.
Sec. 405. Reports.
Sec. 406. Training for foreign service officers.
Sec. 407. Effective date; applicability.

        TITLE I--COMBATING INTERNATIONAL TRAFFICKING IN PERSONS

    SEC. 101. INTERAGENCY TASK FORCE TO MONITOR AND COMBAT TRAFFICKING.
    Section 105(b) of the Trafficking Victims Protection Act of 2000 
(22 U.S.C. 7103(b)) is amended by inserting ``the Secretary of 
Education,'' after ``the Secretary of Homeland Security,''.
    SEC. 102. OFFICE TO MONITOR AND COMBAT TRAFFICKING.
    Section 105(e) of the Trafficking Victims Protection Act of 2000 
(22 U.S.C. 7103(e)) is amended--
        (1) in the subsection heading, by striking ``Support for the 
    Task Force'' and inserting ``Office To Monitor and Combat 
    Trafficking'';
        (2) by striking ``The Secretary of State is authorized to'' and 
    inserting the following:
        ``(1) In general.--The Secretary of State shall''; and
        (3) by adding at the end the following:
        ``(2) Coordination of certain activities.--
            ``(A) Partnerships.--The Director, in coordination and 
        cooperation with other officials at the Department of State 
        involved in corporate responsibility, the Deputy Under 
        Secretary for International Affairs of the Department of Labor, 
        and other relevant officials of the United States Government, 
        shall promote, build, and sustain partnerships between the 
        United States Government and private entities (including 
        foundations, universities, corporations, community-based 
        organizations, and other nongovernmental organizations) to 
        ensure that--
                ``(i) United States citizens do not use any item, 
            product, or material produced or extracted with the use of 
            labor from victims of severe forms of trafficking; and
                ``(ii) such entities do not contribute to trafficking 
            in persons involving sexual exploitation.
            ``(B) United states assistance.--The Director shall be 
        responsible for--
                ``(i) all policy, funding, and programming decisions 
            regarding funds made available for trafficking in persons 
            programs that are centrally controlled by the Office to 
            Monitor and Combat Trafficking; and
                ``(ii) coordinating any trafficking in persons programs 
            of the Department of State or the United States Agency for 
            International Development that are not centrally controlled 
            by the Director.''.
    SEC. 103. PREVENTION AND PROSECUTION OF TRAFFICKING IN FOREIGN 
      COUNTRIES.
    (a) Prevention.--Section 106 of the Trafficking Victims Protection 
Act of 2000 (22 U.S. C. 7104) is amended by adding at the end the 
following:
    ``(i) Additional Measures To Prevent and Deter Trafficking.--The 
President shall establish and carry out programs to prevent and deter 
trafficking in persons, including--
        ``(1) technical assistance and other support to improve the 
    capacity of foreign governments to investigate, identify, and carry 
    out inspections of private entities, including labor recruitment 
    centers, at which trafficking victims may be exploited, 
    particularly exploitation involving forced and child labor;
        ``(2) technical assistance and other support for foreign 
    governments and nongovernmental organizations to provide immigrant 
    populations with information, in the native languages of the major 
    immigrant groups of such populations, regarding the rights of such 
    populations in the foreign country and local in-country 
    nongovernmental organization-operated hotlines;
        ``(3) technical assistance to provide legal frameworks and 
    other programs to foreign governments and nongovernmental 
    organizations to ensure that--
            ``(A) foreign migrant workers are provided the same 
        protection as nationals of the foreign country;
            ``(B) labor recruitment firms are regulated; and
            ``(C) workers providing domestic services in households are 
        provided protection under labor rights laws; and
        ``(4) assistance to foreign governments to register vulnerable 
    populations as citizens or nationals of the country to reduce the 
    ability of traffickers to exploit such populations.''.
    (b) Prosecution.--Section 134(a)(2) of the Foreign Assistance Act 
of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2152d(a)(2)) is amended by adding at the end before 
the semicolon the following: ``, including investigation of individuals 
and entities that may be involved in trafficking in persons involving 
sexual exploitation''.
    SEC. 104. ASSISTANCE FOR VICTIMS OF TRAFFICKING IN OTHER COUNTRIES.
    Section 107(a) of Trafficking Victims Protection Act of 2000 (22 
U.S.C. 7105(a)) is amended--
        (1) in paragraph (1)--
            (A) in the second sentence, by inserting before the period 
        at the end the following: ``, and shall be carried out in a 
        manner which takes into account the cross-border, regional, and 
        transnational aspects of trafficking in persons''; and
            (B) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(F) In cooperation and coordination with relevant 
        organizations, such as the United Nations High Commissioner for 
        Refugees, the International Organization for Migration, and 
        private nongovernmental organizations that contract with, or 
        receive grants from, the United States Government to assist 
        refugees and internally displaced persons, support for--
                ``(i) increased protections for refugees and internally 
            displaced persons, including outreach and education efforts 
            to prevent such refugees and internally displaced persons 
            from being exploited by traffickers; and
                ``(ii) performance of best interest determinations for 
            unaccompanied and separated children who come to the 
            attention of the United Nations High Commissioner for 
            Refugees, its partner organizations, or any organization 
            that contracts with the Department of State in order to 
            identify child trafficking victims and to assist their safe 
            integration, reintegration, and resettlement.''; and
        (2) in paragraph (2), by adding at the end the following: ``In 
    carrying out this paragraph, the Secretary and the Administrator 
    shall take all appropriate steps to ensure that cooperative efforts 
    among foreign countries are undertaken on a regional basis.''.
    SEC. 105. INCREASING EFFECTIVENESS OF ANTI-TRAFFICKING PROGRAMS.
    The Trafficking Victims Protection Act of 2000 (22 U.S.C. 7101 et 
seq.) is amended by inserting after section 107 the following:
``SEC. 107A. INCREASING EFFECTIVENESS OF ANTI-TRAFFICKING PROGRAMS.
    ``(a) Awarding of Grants, Cooperative Agreements, and Contracts.--
In administering funds made available to carry out this Act within and 
outside the United States--
        ``(1) solicitations of grants, cooperative agreements, and 
    contracts for such programs shall be made publicly available;
        ``(2) grants, cooperative agreements, and contracts shall be 
    subject to full and open competition, in accordance with applicable 
    laws; and
        ``(3) the internal department or agency review process for such 
    grants, cooperative agreements, and contracts shall not be subject 
    to ad hoc or intermittent review or influence by individuals or 
    organizations outside the United States Government except as 
    provided under paragraphs (1) and (2).
    ``(b) Eligibility.--
        ``(1) In general.--An applicant desiring a grant, contract, or 
    cooperative agreement under this Act shall certify that, to the 
    extent practicable, persons or entities providing legal services, 
    social services, health services, or other assistance have 
    completed, or will complete, training in connection with 
    trafficking in persons.
        ``(2) Disclosure.--If appropriate, applicants should indicate 
    collaboration with nongovernmental organizations, including 
    organizations with expertise in trafficking in persons.
    ``(c) Evaluation of Anti-Trafficking Programs.--
        ``(1) In general.--The President shall establish a system to 
    evaluate the effectiveness and efficiency of the assistance 
    provided under anti-trafficking programs established under this Act 
    on a program-by-program basis in order to maximize the long-term 
    sustainable development impact of such assistance.
        ``(2) Requirements.--In carrying out paragraph (1), the 
    President shall--
            ``(A) establish performance goals for the assistance 
        described in paragraph (1), expressed in an objective and 
        quantifiable form, to the extent practicable;
            ``(B) ensure that performance indicators are used for 
        programs authorized under this Act to measure and assess the 
        achievement of the performance goals described in subparagraph 
        (A);
            ``(C) provide a basis for recommendations for adjustments 
        to the assistance described in paragraph (1) to enhance the 
        impact of such assistance; and
            ``(D) ensure that evaluations are conducted by subject 
        matter experts in and outside the United States Government, to 
        the extent practicable.
    ``(d) Targeted Use of Anti-Trafficking Programs.--In providing 
assistance under this division, the President should take into account 
the priorities and country assessments contained in the most recent 
report submitted by the Secretary of State to Congress pursuant to 
section 110(b).
    ``(e) Consistency With Other Programs.--The President shall ensure 
that the design, monitoring, and evaluation of United States assistance 
programs for emergency relief, development, and poverty alleviation 
under part I and chapter 4 of part II of the Foreign Assistance Act of 
1961 (22 U.S.C. 2151 et seq. and 2346 et seq.) and other similar United 
States assistance programs are consistent with United States policies 
and other United States programs relating to combating trafficking in 
persons.
    ``(f) Authorization of Appropriations.--For each of the fiscal 
years 2008 through 2011, not more than 5 percent of the amounts made 
available to carry out this division may be used to carry out this 
section, including--
        ``(1) evaluations of promising anti-trafficking programs and 
    projects funded by the disbursing agency pursuant to this Act; and
        ``(2) evaluations of emerging problems or global trends.''.
    SEC. 106. MINIMUM STANDARDS FOR THE ELIMINATION OF TRAFFICKING.
    Section 108 of the Trafficking Victims Protection Act of 2000 (22 
U.S.C. 7106) is amended--
        (1) in subsection (a), by striking ``a significant number of''; 
    and
        (2) in subsection (b)--
            (A) in paragraph (1), by striking the period at the end of 
        the first sentence and inserting the following: ``, including, 
        as appropriate, requiring incarceration of individuals 
        convicted of such acts. For purposes of the preceding sentence, 
        suspended or significantly-reduced sentences for convictions of 
        principal actors in cases of severe forms of trafficking in 
        persons shall be considered, on a case-by-case basis, whether 
        to be considered an indicator of serious and sustained efforts 
        to eliminate severe forms of trafficking in persons.'';
            (B) in paragraph (2), by inserting before the period at the 
        end the following: ``, including by providing training to law 
        enforcement and immigration officials regarding the 
        identification and treatment of trafficking victims using 
        approaches that focus on the needs of the victims'';
            (C) in paragraph (3), by striking ``measures to reduce the 
        demand for commercial sex acts and for participation in 
        international sex tourism by nationals of the country'' and 
        inserting ``measures to establish the identity of local 
        populations, including birth registration, citizenship, and 
        nationality''; and
            (D) by adding at the end the following:
        ``(11) Whether the government of the country has made serious 
    and sustained efforts to reduce the demand for--
            ``(A) commercial sex acts; and
            ``(B) participation in international sex tourism by 
        nationals of the country.''.
    SEC. 107. ACTIONS AGAINST GOVERNMENTS FAILING TO MEET MINIMUM 
      STANDARDS.
    (a) Countries on Special Watch List Relating to Trafficking in 
Persons for 2 Consecutive Years.--Section 110(b)(3) of the Trafficking 
Victims Protection Act of 2000 (22 U.S.C. 7107(b)(3)) is amended by 
adding at the end the following:
            ``(D) Countries on special watch list for 2 consecutive 
        years.--
                ``(i) In general.--Except as provided under clause 
            (ii), a country that is included on the special watch list 
            described in subparagraph (A) for 2 consecutive years after 
            the date of the enactment of this subparagraph, shall be 
            included on the list of countries described in paragraph 
            (1)(C).
                ``(ii) Exercise of waiver authority.--The President may 
            waive the application of clause (i) for up to 2 years if 
            the President determines, and reports credible evidence to 
            the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate and the 
            Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of 
            Representatives, that such a waiver is justified because--

                    ``(I) the country has a written plan to begin 
                making significant efforts to bring itself into 
                compliance with the minimum standards for the 
                elimination of trafficking;
                    ``(II) the plan, if implemented, would constitute 
                making such significant efforts; and
                    ``(III) the country is devoting sufficient 
                resources to implement the plan.''.

    (b) Clarification of Measures Against Certain Foreign Countries.--
Section 110(d)(1)(A)(ii) of the Trafficking Victims Protection Act of 
2000 (22 U.S.C. 7107(d)(1)(A)) is amended by inserting ``such 
assistance to the government of the country for the subsequent fiscal 
year and will not provide'' after ``will not provide''.
    (c) Translation of Trafficking in Persons Report.--The Secretary of 
State shall--
        (1) timely translate the annual report submitted under section 
    110(b) of the Trafficking Victims Protection Act of 2000 (22 U.S.C. 
    7107(b)) into the principal languages of as many countries as 
    possible, with particular emphasis on the languages of the 
    countries on the lists described in subparagraphs (B) and (C) of 
    section 110(b)(1) of such Act; and
        (2) ensure that the translations described in paragraph (1) are 
    made available to the public through postings on the Internet 
    website of the Department of State and other appropriate websites.
    SEC. 108. RESEARCH ON DOMESTIC AND INTERNATIONAL TRAFFICKING IN 
      PERSONS.
    (a) Integrated Database.--Section 112A of the Trafficking Victims 
Protection Act of 2000 (22 U.S.C. 7109a) is amended--
        (1) in subsection (a), by amending paragraph (5) to read as 
    follows:
        ``(5) An effective mechanism for quantifying the number of 
    victims of trafficking on a national, regional, and international 
    basis, which shall include, not later than 2 years after the date 
    of the enactment of the William Wilberforce Trafficking Victims 
    Protection Reauthorization Act of 2008, the establishment and 
    maintenance of an integrated database within the Human Smuggling 
    and Trafficking Center.''; and
        (2) by amending subsection (b) to read as follows:
    ``(b) Role of Human Smuggling and Trafficking Center.--
        ``(1) In general.--The research initiatives described in 
    paragraphs (4) and (5) of subsection (a) shall be carried out by 
    the Human Smuggling and Trafficking Center, established under 
    section 7202 of the 9/11 Commission Implementation Act of 2004 (8 
    U.S.C. 1777).
        ``(2) Database.--The database described in subsection (a)(5) 
    shall be established by combining all applicable data collected by 
    each Federal department and agency represented on the Interagency 
    Task Force to Monitor and Combat Trafficking, consistent with the 
    protection of sources and methods, and, to the maximum extent 
    practicable, applicable data from relevant international 
    organizations, to--
            ``(A) improve the coordination of the collection of data 
        related to trafficking in persons by each agency of the United 
        States Government that collects such data;
            ``(B) promote uniformity of such data collection and 
        standards and systems related to such collection;
            ``(C) undertake a meta-analysis of patterns of trafficking 
        in persons, slavery, and slave-like conditions to develop and 
        analyze global trends in human trafficking;
            ``(D) identify emerging issues in human trafficking and 
        establishing integrated methods to combat them; and
            ``(E) identify research priorities to respond to global 
        patterns and emerging issues.
        ``(3) Consultation.--The database established in accordance 
    with paragraph (2) shall be maintained in consultation with the 
    Director of the Office to Monitor and Combat Trafficking in Persons 
    of the Department of State.
        ``(4) Authorization of appropriations.--There are authorized to 
    be appropriated $2,000,000 to the Human Smuggling and Trafficking 
    Center for each of the fiscal years 2008 through 2011 to carry out 
    the activities described in this subsection.''.
    (b) Report.--Section 110(b)(1) of the Trafficking Victims 
Protection Act of 2000 (22 U.S.C. 7107(b)(1)) is amended--
        (1) in subparagraph (C), by striking ``and'' at the end;
        (2) in subparagraph (D), by striking the period at the end and 
    inserting a semicolon; and
        (3) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(E) reporting and analysis on the emergence or shifting 
        of global patterns in human trafficking, including data on the 
        number of victims trafficked to, through, or from major source 
        and destination countries, disaggregated by nationality, 
        gender, and age, to the extent possible; and
            ``(F) emerging issues in human trafficking.''.
    SEC. 109. PRESIDENTIAL AWARD FOR EXTRAORDINARY EFFORTS TO COMBAT 
      TRAFFICKING IN PERSONS.
    The Trafficking Victims Protection Act of 2000 (22 U.S.C. 7101 et 
seq.) is amended by inserting after section 112A the following:
``SEC. 112B. PRESIDENTIAL AWARD FOR EXTRAORDINARY EFFORTS TO COMBAT 
TRAFFICKING IN PERSONS.
    ``(a) Establishment of Award.--The President is authorized to 
establish an award, to be known as the `Presidential Award for 
Extraordinary Efforts To Combat Trafficking in Persons', for 
extraordinary efforts to combat trafficking in persons. To the maximum 
extent practicable, the Secretary of State shall present the award 
annually to not more than 5 individuals or organizations, including--
        ``(1) individuals who are United States citizens or foreign 
    nationals; and
        ``(2) United States or foreign nongovernmental organizations.
    ``(b) Selection.--The President shall establish procedures for 
selecting recipients of the award authorized under subsection (a).
    ``(c) Ceremony.--The Secretary of State shall host an annual 
ceremony for recipients of the award authorized under subsection (a) as 
soon as practicable after the date on which the Secretary submits to 
Congress the report required under section 110(b)(1). The Secretary of 
State may pay the travel costs of each recipient and a guest of each 
recipient who attends the ceremony.
    ``(d) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be 
appropriated, for each of the fiscal years 2008 through 2011, such sums 
as may be necessary to carry out this section.''.
    SEC. 110. REPORT ON ACTIVITIES OF THE DEPARTMENT OF LABOR TO 
      MONITOR AND COMBAT FORCED LABOR AND CHILD LABOR.
    (a) Final Report; Public Availability of List.--Not later than 
January 15, 2010, the Secretary of Labor shall--
        (1) submit to the appropriate congressional committees a final 
    report that--
            (A) describes the implementation of section 105(b) of the 
        Trafficking Victims Protection Reauthorization Act of 2005 (22 
        U.S.C. 7103(b)); and
            (B) includes an initial list of goods described in 
        paragraph (2)(C) of such section; and
        (2) make the list of goods described in paragraph (1)(B) 
    available to the public.
    (b) Appropriate Congressional Committees Defined.--In this section, 
the term ``appropriate congressional committees'' has the meaning given 
the term in section 103 of the Trafficking Victims Protection Act of 
2000 (22 U.S.C. 7102).
    SEC. 111. SENSE OF CONGRESS REGARDING MULTILATERAL FRAMEWORK 
      BETWEEN LABOR EXPORTING AND LABOR IMPORTING COUNTRIES.
    It is the sense of Congress that the Secretary of State, in 
conjunction with the International Labour Organization, the United 
Nations Office of Drug and Crime Prevention, and other relevant 
international and nongovernmental organizations, should seek to 
establish a multilateral framework between labor exporting and labor 
importing countries to ensure that workers migrating between such 
countries are protected from trafficking in persons.

    TITLE II--COMBATING TRAFFICKING IN PERSONS IN THE UNITED STATES
 Subtitle A--Ensuring Availability of Possible Witnesses and Informants

    SEC. 201. PROTECTING TRAFFICKING VICTIMS AGAINST RETALIATION.
    (a) T Visas.--Section 101(a)(15)(T) of the Immigration and 
Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1101(a)(15)(T)) is amended--
        (1) in clause (i)--
            (A) in the matter preceding subclause (I), by striking 
        ``Security and the Attorney General jointly;'' and inserting 
        ``Security, in consultation with the Attorney General,'';
            (B) in subclause (I), by striking the comma at the end and 
        inserting a semicolon;
            (C) in subclause (II), by adding at the end the following: 
        ``including physical presence on account of the alien having 
        been allowed entry into the United States for participation in 
        investigative or judicial processes associated with an act or a 
        perpetrator of trafficking;'';
            (D) in subclause (III)--
                (i) in item (aa), by striking ``or'' at the end;
                (ii) by redesignating item (bb) as item (cc);
                (iii) by inserting after item (aa) the following:
            ``(bb) in consultation with the Attorney General, as 
        appropriate, is unable to cooperate with a request described in 
        item (aa) due to physical or psychological trauma; or''; and
                (iv) in item (cc), as redesignated, by striking ``, 
            and'' at the end and inserting ``; and''; and
            (E) in subclause (IV), by adding ``and'' at the end;
        (2) in clause (ii)--
            (A) in subclause (I), by striking ``or'' at the end;
            (B) in subclause (II), by striking ``and'' at the end and 
        inserting ``or''; and
            (C) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(III) any parent or unmarried sibling under 18 years of 
        age of an alien described in subclause (I) or (II) who the 
        Secretary of Homeland Security, in consultation with the law 
        enforcement officer investigating a severe form of trafficking, 
        determines faces a present danger of retaliation as a result of 
        the alien's escape from the severe form of trafficking or 
        cooperation with law enforcement.''; and
        (3) by striking clause (iii).
    (b) Requirements for T Visa Issuance.--Section 214(o)(7) of the 
Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1184(o)(7)) is amended--
        (1) in subparagraph (B)--
            (A) by striking ``subparagraph (A) if a Federal'' and 
        inserting the following: ``subparagraph (A) if--
        ``(i) a Federal'';
            (B) by striking the period at the end and inserting a 
        semicolon; and
            (C) by adding at the end the following:
        ``(ii) the alien is eligible for relief under section 245(l) 
    and is unable to obtain such relief because regulations have not 
    been issued to implement such section; or
        ``(iii) the Secretary of Homeland Security determines that an 
    extension of the period of such nonimmigrant status is warranted 
    due to exceptional circumstances.''; and
        (2) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(C) Nonimmigrant status under section 101(a)(15)(T) shall be 
extended during the pendency of an application for adjustment of status 
under section 245(l).''.
    (c) Conditions on Nonimmigrant Status for Certain Crime Victims.--
Section 214(p)(6) of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 
1184(p)(6)) is amended by adding at the end the following: ``The 
Secretary of Homeland Security may extend, beyond the 4-year period 
authorized under this section, the authorized period of status of an 
alien as a nonimmigrant under section 101(a)(15)(U) if the Secretary 
determines that an extension of such period is warranted due to 
exceptional circumstances. Such alien's nonimmigrant status shall be 
extended beyond the 4-year period authorized under this section if the 
alien is eligible for relief under section 245(m) and is unable to 
obtain such relief because regulations have not been issued to 
implement such section and shall be extended during the pendency of an 
application for adjustment of status under section 245(m). The 
Secretary may grant work authorization to any alien who has a pending, 
bona fide application for nonimmigrant status under section 
101(a)(15)(U).''.
    (d) Adjustment of Status for Trafficking Victims.--Section 245(l) 
of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1255(l)) is amended--
        (1) in paragraph (1)--
            (A) in the matter preceding subparagraph (A), by striking 
        ``the Attorney General,,'' and inserting ``in the opinion of 
        the Secretary of Homeland Security, in consultation with the 
        Attorney General, as appropriate'';
            (B) in subparagraph (B)--
                (i) by inserting ``subject to paragraph (6),'' after 
            ``(B)''; and
                (ii) by striking ``, and'' and inserting ``; and''; and
            (C) in subparagraph (C)--
                (i) in clause (i), by striking ``, or'' and inserting a 
            semicolon;
                (ii) in clause (ii), by striking ``, or in the case of 
            subparagraph (C)(i), the Attorney General, as 
            appropriate''; and
                (iii) by striking the period at the end and inserting 
            the following: ``; or
                ``(iii) was younger than 18 years of age at the time of 
            the victimization qualifying the alien for relief under 
            section 101(a)(15)(T).'';
        (2) in paragraph (3), by striking the period at the end and 
    inserting the following: ``, unless--
        ``(A) the absence was necessary to assist in the investigation 
    or prosecution described in paragraph (1)(A); or
        ``(B) an official involved in the investigation or prosecution 
    certifies that the absence was otherwise justified.''; and
        (3) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(6) For purposes of paragraph (1)(B), the Secretary of Homeland 
Security may waive consideration of a disqualification from good moral 
character with respect to an alien if the disqualification was caused 
by, or incident to, the trafficking described in section 
101(a)(15)(T)(i)(I).
    ``(7) The Secretary of Homeland Security shall permit aliens to 
apply for a waiver of any fees associated with filing an application 
for relief through final adjudication of the adjustment of status for a 
VAWA self-petitioner and for relief under sections 101(a)(15)(T), 
101(a)(15)(U), 106, 240A(b)(2), and 244(a)(3) (as in effect on March 
31, 1997).''.
    (e) Adjustment of Status for Crime Victims.--Section 245(m) of the 
Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1255(m)) is amended--
        (1) in paragraph (1), in the matter preceding subparagraph (A), 
    by striking ``unless the Attorney General'' and inserting ``unless 
    the Secretary''; and
        (2) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(5)(A) The Secretary of Homeland Security shall consult with the 
Attorney General, as appropriate, in making a determination under 
paragraph (1) whether affirmative evidence demonstrates that the alien 
unreasonably refused to provide assistance to a Federal law enforcement 
official, Federal prosecutor, Federal judge, or other Federal authority 
investigating or prosecuting criminal activity described in section 
101(a)(15)(U)(iii).
    ``(B) Nothing in paragraph (1)(B) may be construed to prevent the 
Secretary from consulting with the Attorney General in making a 
determination whether affirmative evidence demonstrates that the alien 
unreasonably refused to provide assistance to a State or local law 
enforcement official, State or local prosecutor, State or local judge, 
or other State or local authority investigating or prosecuting criminal 
activity described in section 101(a)(15)(U)(iii).''.
    (f) Effective Date.--The amendments made by this section shall--
        (1) take effect on the date of enactment of the Act; and
        (2) apply to applications for immigration benefits filed on or 
    after such date.
    SEC. 202. PROTECTIONS FOR DOMESTIC WORKERS AND OTHER NONIMMIGRANTS.
    (a) Information Pamphlet.--
        (1) Development and distribution.--The Secretary of State, in 
    consultation with the Secretary of Homeland Security, the Attorney 
    General, and the Secretary of Labor, shall develop an information 
    pamphlet on legal rights and resources for aliens applying for 
    employment- or education-based nonimmigrant visas.
        (2) Consultation.--In developing the information pamphlet under 
    paragraph (1), the Secretary of State shall consult with 
    nongovernmental organizations with expertise on the legal rights of 
    workers and victims of severe forms of trafficking in persons.
    (b) Contents.--The information pamphlet developed under subsection 
(a) shall include information concerning items such as--
        (1) the nonimmigrant visa application processes, including 
    information about the portability of employment;
        (2) the legal rights of employment or education-based 
    nonimmigrant visa holders under Federal immigration, labor, and 
    employment law;
        (3) the illegality of slavery, peonage, trafficking in persons, 
    sexual assault, extortion, blackmail, and worker exploitation in 
    the United States;
        (4) the legal rights of immigrant victims of trafficking in 
    persons and worker exploitation, including--
            (A) the right of access to immigrant and labor rights 
        groups;
            (B) the right to seek redress in United States courts;
            (C) the right to report abuse without retaliation;
            (D) the right of the nonimmigrant to relinquish possession 
        of his or her passport to his or her employer;
            (E) the requirement of an employment contract between the 
        employer and the nonimmigrant; and
            (F) an explanation of the rights and protections included 
        in the contract described in subparagraph (E); and
        (5) information about nongovernmental organizations that 
    provide services for victims of trafficking in persons and worker 
    exploitation, including--
            (A) anti-trafficking in persons telephone hotlines operated 
        by the Federal Government;
            (B) the Operation Rescue and Restore hotline; and
            (C) a general description of the types of victims services 
        available for individuals subject to trafficking in persons or 
        worker exploitation.
    (c) Translation.--
        (1) In general.--To best serve the language groups having the 
    greatest concentration of employment-based nonimmigrant visas, the 
    Secretary of State shall translate the information pamphlet 
    developed under subsection (a) into all relevant foreign languages, 
    to be determined by the Secretary based on the languages spoken by 
    the greatest concentrations of employment- or education-based 
    nonimmigrant visa applicants.
        (2) Revision.--Every 2 years, the Secretary of State, in 
    consultation with the Attorney General and the Secretary of 
    Homeland Security, shall determine the specific languages into 
    which the information pamphlet will be translated based on the 
    languages spoken by the greatest concentrations of employment- or 
    education-based nonimmigrant visa applicants.
    (d) Availability and Distribution.--
        (1) Posting on federal websites.--The information pamphlet 
    developed under subsection (a) shall be posted on the websites of 
    the Department of State, the Department of Homeland Security, the 
    Department of Justice, the Department of Labor, and all United 
    States consular posts processing applications for employment- or 
    education-based nonimmigrant visas.
        (2) Other distribution.--The information pamphlet developed 
    under subsection (a) shall be made available to any--
            (A) government agency;
            (B) nongovernmental advocacy organization; or
            (C) foreign labor broker doing business in the United 
        States.
        (3) Deadline for pamphlet development and distribution.--Not 
    later than 180 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, 
    the Secretary of State shall distribute and make available the 
    information pamphlet developed under subsection (a) in all the 
    languages referred to in subsection (c).
    (e) Responsibilities of Consular Officers of the Department of 
State.--
        (1) Interviews.--A consular officer conducting an interview of 
    an alien for an employment-based nonimmigrant visa shall--
            (A)(i) confirm that the alien has received, read, and 
        understood the contents of the pamphlet described in 
        subsections (a) and (b); and
            (ii) if the alien has not received, read, or understood the 
        contents of the pamphlet described in subsections (a) and (b), 
        distribute and orally disclose to the alien the information 
        described in paragraphs (2) and (3) in a language that the 
        alien understands; and
            (B) offer to answer any questions the alien may have 
        regarding the contents of the pamphlet described in subsections 
        (a) and (b).
        (2) Legal rights.--The consular officer shall disclose to the 
    alien--
            (A) the legal rights of employment-based nonimmigrants 
        under Federal immigration, labor, and employment laws;
            (B) the illegality of slavery, peonage, trafficking in 
        persons, sexual assault, extortion, blackmail, and worker 
        exploitation in the United States; and
            (C) the legal rights of immigrant victims of trafficking in 
        persons, worker exploitation, and other related crimes, 
        including--
                (i) the right of access to immigrant and labor rights 
            groups;
                (ii) the right to seek redress in United States courts; 
            and
                (iii) the right to report abuse without retaliation.
        (3) Victim services.--In carrying out the disclosure 
    requirement under this subsection, the consular officer shall 
    disclose to the alien the availability of services for victims of 
    human trafficking and worker exploitation in the United States, 
    including victim services complaint hotlines.
    (f) Definitions.--In this section:
        (1) Employment- or education-based nonimmigrant visa.--The term 
    ``employment- or education-based nonimmigrant visa'' means--
            (A) a nonimmigrant visa issued under subparagraph (A)(iii), 
        (G)(v), (H), or (J) of section 101(a)(15) of the Immigration 
        and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1101(a)(15)); and
            (B) any nonimmigrant visa issued to a personal or domestic 
        servant who is accompanying or following to join an employer.
        (2) Severe forms of trafficking in persons.--The term ``severe 
    forms of trafficking in persons'' has the meaning given the term in 
    section 103 of the Trafficking Victims Protection Act of 2000 (22 
    U.S.C. 7102).
        (3) Secretary.--The term ``Secretary'' means the Secretary of 
    State.
        (4) Abusing and exploiting.--The term ``abusing and 
    exploiting'' means any conduct which would constitute a violation 
    of section 1466A, 1589, 1591, 1592, 2251, or 2251A of title 18, 
    United States Code.
    SEC. 203. PROTECTIONS, REMEDIES, AND LIMITATIONS ON ISSUANCE FOR A-
      3 AND G-5 VISAS.
    (a) Limitations on Issuance of A-3 and G-5 Visas.--
        (1) Contract requirement.--Notwithstanding any other provision 
    of law, the Secretary of State may not issue--
            (A) an A-3 visa unless the applicant is employed, or has 
        signed a contract to be employed containing the requirements 
        set forth in subsection (d)(2), by an officer of a diplomatic 
        mission or consular post; or
            (B) a G-5 visa unless the applicant is employed, or has 
        signed a contract to be employed by an employee in an 
        international organization.
        (2) Suspension requirement.--Notwithstanding any other 
    provision of law, the Secretary shall suspend, for such period as 
    the Secretary determines necessary, the issuance of A-3 visas or G-
    5 visas to applicants seeking to work for officials of a diplomatic 
    mission or an international organization, if the Secretary 
    determines that there is credible evidence that 1 or more employees 
    of such mission or international organization have abused or 
    exploited 1 or more nonimmigrants holding an A-3 visa or a G-5 
    visa, and that the diplomatic mission or international organization 
    tolerated such actions.
        (3) Action by diplomatic missions or international 
    organizations.--The Secretary may suspend the application of the 
    limitation under paragraph (2) if the Secretary determines and 
    reports to the appropriate congressional committees that a 
    mechanism is in place to ensure that such abuse or exploitation 
    does not reoccur with respect to any alien employed by an employee 
    of such mission or institution.
    (b) Protections and Remedies for A-3 and G-5 Nonimmigrants Employed 
by Diplomats and Staff of International Organizations.--
        (1) In general.--The Secretary may not issue or renew an A-3 
    visa or a G-5 visa unless--
            (A) the visa applicant has executed a contract with the 
        employer or prospective employer containing provisions 
        described in paragraph (2); and
            (B) a consular officer has conducted a personal interview 
        with the applicant outside the presence of the employer or any 
        recruitment agent in which the officer reviewed the terms of 
        the contract and the provisions of the pamphlet required under 
        section 202.
        (2) Mandatory contract.--The contract between the employer and 
    domestic worker required under paragraph (1) shall include--
            (A) an agreement by the employer to abide by all Federal, 
        State, and local laws in the United States;
            (B) information on the frequency and form of payment, work 
        duties, weekly work hours, holidays, sick days, and vacation 
        days; and
            (C) an agreement by the employer not to withhold the 
        passport, employment contract, or other personal property of 
        the employee.
        (3) Training of consular officers.--The Secretary shall provide 
    appropriate training to consular officers on the fair labor 
    standards described in the pamphlet required under section 202, 
    trafficking in persons, and the provisions of this section.
        (4) Record keeping.--
            (A) In general.--The Secretary shall maintain records on 
        the presence of nonimmigrants holding an A-3 visa or a G-5 visa 
        in the United States, including--
                (i) information about when the nonimmigrant entered and 
            permanently exited the country of residence;
                (ii) the official title, contact information, and 
            immunity level of the employer; and
                (iii) information regarding any allegations of employer 
            abuse received by the Department of State.
    (c) Protection From Removal During Legal Actions Against Former 
Employers.--
        (1) Remaining in the united states to seek legal redress.--
            (A) Effect of complaint filing.--Except as provided in 
        subparagraph (B), if a nonimmigrant holding an A-3 visa or a G-
        5 visa working in the United States files a civil action under 
        section 1595 of title 18, United States Code, or a civil action 
        regarding a violation of any of the terms contained in the 
        contract or violation of any other Federal, State, or local law 
        in the United States governing the terms and conditions of 
        employment of the nonimmigrant that are associated with acts 
        covered by such section, the Attorney General and the Secretary 
        of Homeland Security shall permit the nonimmigrant to remain 
        legally in the United States for time sufficient to fully and 
        effectively participate in all legal proceedings related to 
        such action.
            (B) Exception.--An alien described in subparagraph (A) may 
        be deported before the conclusion of the legal proceedings 
        related to a civil action described in such subparagraph if 
        such alien is--
                (i) inadmissible under paragraph (2)(A)(i)(II), (2)(B), 
            (2)(C), (2)(E), (2)(H), (2)(I), (3)(A)(i), (3)(A)(iii), 
            (3)(B), (3)(C), or (3)(F) of section 212(a) of the 
            Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1182(a)); or
                (ii) deportable under paragraph (2)(A)(ii), 
            (2)(A)(iii), (4)(A)(i), (4)(A)(iii), (4)(B), or (4)(C) of 
            section 237(a) of such Act (8 U.S.C. 1227(a)).
            (C) Failure to exercise due diligence.--If the Secretary of 
        Homeland Security, after consultation with the Attorney 
        General, determines that the nonimmigrant holding an A-3 visa 
        or a G-5 visa has failed to exercise due diligence in pursuing 
        an action described in subparagraph (A), the Secretary may 
        terminate the status of the A-3 or G-5 nonimmigrant.
        (2) Authorization to work.--The Attorney General and the 
    Secretary of Homeland Security shall authorize any nonimmigrant 
    described in paragraph (1) to engage in employment in the United 
    States during the period the nonimmigrant is in the United States 
    pursuant to paragraph (1).
    (d) Study and Report.--
        (1) Investigation report.--
            (A) In general.--Not later than 180 days after the date of 
        the enactment of this Act, and every 2 years thereafter for the 
        following 10 years, the Secretary shall submit a report to the 
        appropriate congressional committees on the implementation of 
        this section.
            (B) Contents.--The report submitted under subparagraph (A) 
        shall include--
                (i) an assessment of the actions taken by the 
            Department of State and the Department of Justice to 
            investigate allegations of trafficking or abuse of 
            nonimmigrants holding an A-3 visa or a G-5 visa; and
                (ii) the results of such investigations.
        (2) Feasibility of oversight of employees of diplomats and 
    representatives of other institutions report.--Not later than 180 
    days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary 
    shall submit a report to the appropriate congressional committees 
    on the feasibility of--
            (A) establishing a system to monitor the treatment of 
        nonimmigrants holding an A-3 visa or a G-5 visa who have been 
        admitted to the United States;
            (B) a range of compensation approaches, such as a bond 
        program, compensation fund, or insurance scheme, to ensure that 
        such nonimmigrants receive appropriate compensation if their 
        employers violate the terms of their employment contracts; and
            (C) with respect to each proposed compensation approach 
        described in subparagraph (B), an evaluation and proposal 
        describing the proposed processes for--
                (i) adjudicating claims of rights violations;
                (ii) determining the level of compensation; and
                (iii) administering the program, fund, or scheme.
    (e) Assistance to Law Enforcement Investigations.--The Secretary 
shall cooperate, to the fullest extent possible consistent with the 
United States obligations under the Vienna Convention on Diplomatic 
Relations, done at Vienna, April 18, 1961, (23 U.S.T. 3229), with any 
investigation by United States law enforcement authorities of crimes 
related to abuse or exploitation of a nonimmigrant holding an A-3 visa 
or a G-5 visa.
    (f) Definitions.--In this section:
        (1) A-3 visa.--The term ``A-3 visa'' means a nonimmigrant visa 
    issued pursuant to section 101(a)(15)(A)(iii) of the Immigration 
    and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1101(a)(15)(A)(iii)).
        (2) G-5 visa.--The term ``G-5 visa'' means a nonimmigrant visa 
    issued pursuant to section 101(a)(15)(G)(v) of the Immigration and 
    Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1101(a)(15)(G)(v)).
        (3) Secretary.--The term ``Secretary'' means the Secretary of 
    State.
        (4) Appropriate congressional committees.--The term 
    ``appropriate congressional committees'' means--
            (A) the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the Committee on 
        the Judiciary of the House of Representatives; and
            (B) the Committee on Foreign Relations and the Committee on 
        the Judiciary of the Senate.
    SEC. 204. RELIEF FOR CERTAIN VICTIMS PENDING ACTIONS ON PETITIONS 
      AND APPLICATIONS FOR RELIEF.
    Section 237 of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1227) 
is amended by adding at the end the following:
    ``(d)(1) If the Secretary of Homeland Security determines that an 
application for nonimmigrant status under subparagraph (T) or (U) of 
section 101(a)(15) filed for an alien in the United States sets forth a 
prima facie case for approval, the Secretary may grant the alien an 
administrative stay of a final order of removal under section 241(c)(2) 
until--
        ``(A) the application for nonimmigrant status under such 
    subparagraph (T) or (U) is approved; or
        ``(B) there is a final administrative denial of the application 
    for such nonimmigrant status after the exhaustion of administrative 
    appeals.
    ``(2) The denial of a request for an administrative stay of removal 
under this subsection shall not preclude the alien from applying for a 
stay of removal, deferred action, or a continuance or abeyance of 
removal proceedings under any other provision of the immigration laws 
of the United States.
    ``(3) During any period in which the administrative stay of removal 
is in effect, the alien shall not be removed.
    ``(4) Nothing in this subsection may be construed to limit the 
authority of the Secretary of Homeland Security or the Attorney General 
to grant a stay of removal or deportation in any case not described in 
this subsection.''.
    SEC. 205. EXPANSION OF AUTHORITY TO PERMIT CONTINUED PRESENCE IN 
      THE UNITED STATES.
    (a) Expansion of Authority.--
        (1) In general.--Section 107(c)(3) of the Trafficking Victims 
    Protection Act of 2000 (22 U.S.C. 7105(c)(3)) is amended to read as 
    follows:
        ``(3) Authority to permit continued presence in the united 
    states.--
            ``(A) Trafficking victims.--
                ``(i) In general.--If a Federal law enforcement 
            official files an application stating that an alien is a 
            victim of a severe form of trafficking and may be a 
            potential witness to such trafficking, the Secretary of 
            Homeland Security may permit the alien to remain in the 
            United States to facilitate the investigation and 
            prosecution of those responsible for such crime.
                ``(ii) Safety.--While investigating and prosecuting 
            suspected traffickers, Federal law enforcement officials 
            described in clause (i) shall endeavor to make reasonable 
            efforts to protect the safety of trafficking victims, 
            including taking measures to protect trafficked persons and 
            their family members from intimidation, threats of 
            reprisals, and reprisals from traffickers and their 
            associates.
                ``(iii) Continuation of presence.--The Secretary shall 
            permit an alien described in clause (i) who has filed a 
            civil action under section 1595 of title 18, United States 
            Code, to remain in the United States until such action is 
            concluded. If the Secretary, in consultation with the 
            Attorney General, determines that the alien has failed to 
            exercise due diligence in pursuing such action, the 
            Secretary may revoke the order permitting the alien to 
            remain in the United States.
                ``(iv) Exception.--Notwithstanding clause (iii), an 
            alien described in such clause may be deported before the 
            conclusion of the administrative and legal proceedings 
            related to a complaint described in such clause if such 
            alien is inadmissible under paragraph (2)(A)(i)(II), 
            (2)(B), (2)(C), (2)(E), (2)(H), (2)(I), (3)(A)(i), 
            (3)(A)(iii), (3)(B), or (3)(C) of section 212(a) of the 
            Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1182(a)).
            ``(B) Parole for relatives.--Law enforcement officials may 
        submit written requests to the Secretary of Homeland Security, 
        in accordance with section 240A(b)(6) of the Immigration and 
        Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1229b(b)(6)), to permit the parole 
        into the United States of certain relatives of an alien 
        described in subparagraph (A)(i).
            ``(C) State and local law enforcement.--The Secretary of 
        Homeland Security, in consultation with the Attorney General, 
        shall--
                ``(i) develop materials to assist State and local law 
            enforcement officials in working with Federal law 
            enforcement to obtain continued presence for victims of a 
            severe form of trafficking in cases investigated or 
            prosecuted at the State or local level; and
                ``(ii) distribute the materials developed under clause 
            (i) to State and local law enforcement officials.''.
        (2) Effective date.--The amendment made by paragraph (1)--
            (A) shall take effect on the date of the enactment of this 
        Act;
            (B) shall apply to pending requests for continued presence 
        filed pursuant to section 107(c)(3) of the Trafficking Victims 
        Protection Act (22 U.S.C. 7105(c)(3)) and requests filed on or 
        after such date; and
            (C) may not be applied to an alien who is not present in 
        the United States.
    (b) Parole for Derivatives of Trafficking Victims.--Section 240A(b) 
of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1229b(b)) is amended 
by adding at the end the following:
        ``(6) Relatives of trafficking victims.--
            ``(A) In general.--Upon written request by a law 
        enforcement official, the Secretary of Homeland Security may 
        parole under section 212(d)(5) any alien who is a relative of 
        an alien granted continued presence under section 107(c)(3)(A) 
        of the Trafficking Victims Protection Act (22 U.S.C. 
        7105(c)(3)(A)), if the relative--
                ``(i) was, on the date on which law enforcement applied 
            for such continued presence--

                    ``(I) in the case of an alien granted continued 
                presence who is under 21 years of age, the spouse, 
                child, parent, or unmarried sibling under 18 years of 
                age, of the alien; or
                    ``(II) in the case of an alien granted continued 
                presence who is 21 years of age or older, the spouse or 
                child of the alien; or

                ``(ii) is a parent or sibling of the alien who the 
            requesting law enforcement official, in consultation with 
            the Secretary of Homeland Security, as appropriate, 
            determines to be in present danger of retaliation as a 
            result of the alien's escape from the severe form of 
            trafficking or cooperation with law enforcement, 
            irrespective of age.
            ``(B) Duration of parole.--
                ``(i) In general.--The Secretary may extend the parole 
            granted under subparagraph (A) until the final adjudication 
            of the application filed by the principal alien under 
            section 101(a)(15)(T)(ii).
                ``(ii) Other limits on duration.--If an application 
            described in clause (i) is not filed, the parole granted 
            under subparagraph (A) may extend until the later of--

                    ``(I) the date on which the principal alien's 
                authority to remain in the United States under section 
                107(c)(3)(A) of the Trafficking Victims Protection Act 
                (22 U.S.C. 7105(c)(3)(A)) is terminated; or
                    ``(II) the date on which a civil action filed by 
                the principal alien under section 1595 of title 18, 
                United States Code, is concluded.

                ``(iii) Due diligence.--Failure by the principal alien 
            to exercise due diligence in filing a visa petition on 
            behalf of an alien described in clause (i) or (ii) of 
            subparagraph (A), or in pursuing the civil action described 
            in clause (ii)(II) (as determined by the Secretary of 
            Homeland Security in consultation with the Attorney 
            General), may result in revocation of parole.
            ``(C) Other limitations.--A relative may not be granted 
        parole under this paragraph if--
                ``(i) the Secretary of Homeland Security or the 
            Attorney General has reason to believe that the relative 
            was knowingly complicit in the trafficking of an alien 
            permitted to remain in the United States under section 
            107(c)(3)(A) of the Trafficking Victims Protection Act (22 
            U.S.C. 7105(c)(3)(A)); or
                ``(ii) the relative is an alien described in paragraph 
            (2) or (3) of section 212(a) or paragraph (2) or (4) of 
            section 237(a).''.

             Subtitle B--Assistance for Trafficking Victims

    SEC. 211. ASSISTANCE FOR CERTAIN NONIMMIGRANT STATUS APPLICANTS.
    (a) In General.--Section 431(c) of the Personal Responsibility and 
Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act of 1996 (8 U.S.C. 1641(c)) is 
amended--
        (1) in paragraph (2)(B), by striking ``or'' at the end;
        (2) in paragraph (3)(B), by striking the period at the end and 
    inserting ``; or''; and
        (3) by inserting after paragraph (3) the following:
        ``(4) an alien who has been granted nonimmigrant status under 
    section 101(a)(15)(T) of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 
    U.S.C. 1101(a)(15)(T)) or who has a pending application that sets 
    forth a prima facie case for eligibility for such nonimmigrant 
    status.''.
    (b) Effective Date.--The amendments made by subsection (a) shall 
apply to applications for public benefits and public benefits provided 
on or after the date of the enactment of this Act without regard to 
whether regulations have been implemented to carry out such amendments.
    SEC. 212. INTERIM ASSISTANCE FOR CHILDREN.
    (a) In General.--Section 107(b)(1) of the Trafficking Victims 
Protection Act of 2000 (22 U.S.C. 7105(b)(1)) is amended--
        (1) in subparagraph (E)(i)(I), by inserting ``or is unable to 
    cooperate with such a request due to physical or psychological 
    trauma'' before the semicolon; and
        (2) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(F) Eligibility for interim assistance of children.--
                ``(i) Determination.--Upon receiving credible 
            information that a child described in subparagraph 
            (C)(ii)(I) who is seeking assistance under this paragraph 
            may have been subjected to a severe form of trafficking in 
            persons, the Secretary of Health and Human Services shall 
            promptly determine if the child is eligible for interim 
            assistance under this paragraph. The Secretary shall have 
            exclusive authority to make interim eligibility 
            determinations under this clause. A determination of 
            interim eligibility under this clause shall not affect the 
            independent determination whether a child is a victim of a 
            severe form of trafficking.
                ``(ii) Notification.--The Secretary of Health and Human 
            Services shall notify the Attorney General and the 
            Secretary of Homeland Security not later than 24 hours 
            after all interim eligibility determinations have been made 
            under clause (i).
                ``(iii) Duration.--Assistance under this paragraph may 
            be provided to individuals determined to be eligible under 
            clause (i) for a period of up to 90 days and may be 
            extended for an additional 30 days.
                ``(iv) Long-term assistance for children.--

                    ``(I) Eligibility determination.--Before the 
                expiration of the period for interim assistance under 
                clause (iii), the Secretary of Health and Human 
                Services shall determine if the child referred to in 
                clause (i) is eligible for assistance under this 
                paragraph.
                    ``(II) Consultation.--In making a determination 
                under subclause (I), the Secretary shall consult with 
                the Attorney General, the Secretary of Homeland 
                Security, and nongovernmental organizations with 
                expertise on victims of severe form of trafficking.
                    ``(III) Letter of eligibility.--If the Secretary, 
                after receiving information the Secretary believes, 
                taken as a whole, indicates that the child is eligible 
                for assistance under this paragraph, the Secretary 
                shall issue a letter of eligibility. The Secretary may 
                not require that the child cooperate with law 
                enforcement as a condition for receiving such letter of 
                eligibility.

            ``(G)  Notification of children for interim assistance.--
        Not later than 24 hours after a Federal, State, or local 
        official discovers that a person who is under 18 years of age 
        may be a victim of a severe form of trafficking in persons, the 
        official shall notify the Secretary of Health and Human 
        Services to facilitate the provision of interim assistance 
        under subparagraph (F).''.
    (b) Training of Government Personnel.--Section 107(c)(4) of the 
Trafficking Victims Protection Act of 2000 (22 U.S.C. 7105(c)(4)) is 
amended--
        (1) by inserting ``, the Department of Homeland Security, the 
    Department of Health and Human Services,'' after ``the Department 
    of State''; and
        (2) by inserting ``, including juvenile victims. The Attorney 
    General and the Secretary of Health and Human Services shall 
    provide training to State and local officials to improve the 
    identification and protection of such victims'' before the period 
    at the end.
    SEC. 213. ENSURING ASSISTANCE FOR ALL VICTIMS OF TRAFFICKING IN 
      PERSONS.
    (a) Amendments to Trafficking Victims Protection Act of 2000.--
        (1) Assistance for united states citizens and lawful permanent 
    residents.--Section 107 of the Trafficking Victims Protection Act 
    of 2000 (22 U.S.C. 7105) is amended by inserting after subsection 
    (e) the following:
    ``(f) Assistance for United States Citizens and Lawful Permanent 
Residents.--
        ``(1) In general.--The Secretary of Health and Human Services 
    and the Attorney General, in consultation with the Secretary of 
    Labor, shall establish a program to assist United States citizens 
    and aliens lawfully admitted for permanent residence (as defined in 
    section 101(a)(20) of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 
    1101(a)(20))) who are victims of severe forms of trafficking. In 
    determining the assistance that would be most beneficial for such 
    victims, the Secretary and the Attorney General shall consult with 
    nongovernmental organizations that provide services to victims of 
    severe forms of trafficking in the United States.
        ``(2) Use of existing programs.--In addition to specialized 
    services required for victims described in paragraph (1), the 
    program established pursuant to paragraph (1) shall--
            ``(A) facilitate communication and coordination between the 
        providers of assistance to such victims;
            ``(B) provide a means to identify such providers; and
            ``(C) provide a means to make referrals to programs for 
        which such victims are already eligible, including programs 
        administered by the Department of Justice and the Department of 
        Health and Human Services.
        ``(3) Grants.--
            ``(A) In general.--The Secretary of Health and Human 
        Services and the Attorney General may award grants to States, 
        Indian tribes, units of local government, and nonprofit, 
        nongovernmental victim service organizations to develop, 
        expand, and strengthen victim service programs authorized under 
        this subsection.
            ``(B) Maximum federal share.--The Federal share of a grant 
        awarded under this paragraph may not exceed 75 percent of the 
        total costs of the projects described in the application 
        submitted by the grantee.''.
        (2) Authorization of appropriations.--Section 113 of the 
    Trafficking Victims Protection Act of 2000 (22 U.S.C. 7110) is 
    amended--
            (A) in subsection (b)--
                (i) by striking ``To carry out'' and inserting the 
            following:
        ``(1) Eligibility for benefits and assistance.--To carry out''; 
    and
                (ii) by adding at the end the following:
        ``(2) Additional benefits for trafficking victims.--To carry 
    out the purposes of section 107(f), there are authorized to be 
    appropriated to the Secretary of Health and Human Services--
            ``(A) $2,500,000 for fiscal year 2008;
            ``(B) $5,000,0000 for fiscal year 2009;
            ``(C) $7,000,000 for fiscal year 2010; and
            ``(D) $7,000,000 for fiscal year 2011.''; and
            (B) in subsection (d)--
                (i) by striking ``To carry out the purposes of section 
            107(b)'' and inserting the following:
            ``(A) Eligibility for benefits and assistance.--To carry 
        out the purposes of section 107(b)'';
                (ii) by striking ``To carry out the purposes of section 
            134'' and inserting the following:
            ``(B) Assistance to foreign countries.--To carry out the 
        purposes of section 134''; and
                (iii) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(C) Additional benefits for trafficking victims.--To 
        carry out the purposes of section 107(f), there are authorized 
        to be appropriated to the Attorney General--
                ``(i) $2,500,000 for fiscal year 2008;
                ``(ii) $5,000,0000 for fiscal year 2009;
                ``(iii) $7,000,000 for fiscal year 2010; and
                ``(iv) $7,000,000 for fiscal year 2011.''.
        (3) Technical assistance.--Section 107(b)(2)(B)(ii) of the 
    Trafficking Victims Protection Act of 2000 (22 U.S.C. 
    7105(b)(2)(B)(ii)) is amended to read as follows:
                ``(ii) 5 percent for training and technical assistance, 
            including increasing capacity and expertise on security for 
            and protection of service providers from intimidation or 
            retaliation for their activities.''.
    (b) Study.--
        (1) Requirement.--Not later than 1 year after the date of the 
    enactment of this Act, the Attorney General and the Secretary of 
    Health and Human Services shall submit a report to the appropriate 
    congressional committees that identifies the existence and extent 
    of any service gap between victims described in section 107(b)(1) 
    of the Trafficking Victims Protection Act of 2000 (22 U.S.C. 7105) 
    and individuals described in section 107(f) of such Act, as amended 
    by section 213(a) of this Act.
        (2) Elements.--In carrying out the study under subparagraph 
    (1), the Attorney General and the Secretary of Health and Human 
    Services shall--
            (A) investigate factors relating to the legal ability of 
        the victims described in paragraph (1) to access government-
        funded social services in general, including the application of 
        the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation 
        Act of 1996 (8 U.S.C. 1641(c)(5)) and the Illegal Immigration 
        and Immigrant Responsibility Act of 1996 (division C of Public 
        Law 104-208; 110 Stat. 3009 et seq.);
            (B) investigate any other impediments to the access of the 
        victims described in paragraph (1) to government-funded social 
        services;
            (C) investigate any impediments to the access of the 
        victims described in paragraph (1) to government-funded 
        services targeted to victims of severe forms of trafficking;
            (D) investigate the effect of trafficking service-provider 
        infrastructure development, continuity of care, and 
        availability of caseworkers on the eventual restoration and 
        rehabilitation of the victims described in paragraph (1); and
            (E) include findings, best practices, and recommendations, 
        if any, based on the study of the elements described in 
        subparagraphs (A) through (D) and any other related 
        information.

       Subtitle C--Penalties Against Traffickers and Other Crimes

    SEC. 221. RESTITUTION OF FORFEITED ASSETS; ENHANCEMENT OF CIVIL 
      ACTION.
    Chapter 77 of title 18, United States Code, is amended--
        (1) in section 1593(b), by adding at the end the following:
    ``(4) The forfeiture of property under this subsection shall be 
governed by the provisions of section 413 (other than subsection (d) of 
such section) of the Controlled Substances Act (21 U.S.C. 853).''; and
        (2) in section 1595--
            (A) in subsection (a)--
                (i) by striking ``of section 1589, 1590, or 1591''; and
                (ii) by inserting ``(or whoever knowingly benefits, 
            financially or by receiving anything of value from 
            participation in a venture which that person knew or should 
            have known has engaged in an act in violation of this 
            chapter)'' after ``perpetrator''; and
            (B) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(c) No action may be maintained under this section unless it is 
commenced not later than 10 years after the cause of action arose.''.
    SEC. 222. ENHANCING PENALTIES FOR TRAFFICKING OFFENSES.
    (a) Detention.--Section 3142(e) of title 18, United States Code, is 
amended--
        (1) by redesignating paragraphs (1), (2), and (3) as 
    subparagraphs (A), (B), and (C), respectively;
        (2) by inserting ``(1)'' before ``If, after a hearing'';
        (3) by inserting ``(2)'' before ``In a case'';
        (4) by inserting ``(3)'' before ``Subject to rebuttal'';
        (5) by striking ``paragraph (1) of this subsection'' each place 
    it appears and inserting ``subparagraph (A)'';
        (6) in paragraph (3), as redesignated--
            (A) by striking ``committed an offense'' and inserting the 
        following: ``committed--
        ``(A) an offense'';
            (B) by striking ``46, an offense'' and inserting the 
        following: ``46;
        ``(B) an offense'';
            (C) by striking ``title, or an offense'' and inserting the 
        following: ``title;
        ``(C) an offense''; and
            (D) by striking ``prescribed or an offense'' and inserting 
        the following: ``prescribed;
        ``(D) an offense under chapter 77 of this title for which a 
    maximum term of imprisonment of 20 years or more is prescribed; or
        ``(E) an offense''.
    (b) Preventing Obstruction.--
        (1) Enticement into slavery.--Section 1583 of title 18, United 
    States Code, is amended to read as follows:
``Sec. 1583. Enticement into slavery
    ``(a) Whoever--
        ``(1) kidnaps or carries away any other person, with the intent 
    that such other person be sold into involuntary servitude, or held 
    as a slave;
        ``(2) entices, persuades, or induces any other person to go on 
    board any vessel or to any other place with the intent that he or 
    she may be made or held as a slave, or sent out of the country to 
    be so made or held; or
        ``(3) obstructs, or attempts to obstruct, or in any way 
    interferes with or prevents the enforcement of this section,
shall be fined under this title, imprisoned not more than 20 years, or 
both.
    ``(b) Whoever violates this section shall be fined under this 
title, imprisoned for any term of years or for life, or both if--
        ``(1) the violation results in the death of the victim; or
        ``(2) the violation includes kidnaping, an attempt to kidnap, 
    aggravated sexual abuse, an attempt to commit aggravated sexual 
    abuse, or an attempt to kill.''.
        (2) Sale into involuntary servitude.--Section 1584 of such 
    title is amended--
            (A) by striking ``Whoever'' and inserting the following:
    ``(a) Whoever''; and
            (B) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(b) Whoever obstructs, attempts to obstruct, or in any way 
interferes with or prevents the enforcement of this section, shall be 
subject to the penalties described in subsection (a).''.
        (3) Punishing financial gain from trafficked labor.--Section 
    1589 of such title is amended to read as follows:
``SEC. 1589. FORCED LABOR.
    ``(a) Whoever knowingly provides or obtains the labor or services 
of a person by any one of, or by any combination of, the following 
means--
        ``(1) by means of force, threats of force, physical restraint, 
    or threats of physical restraint to that person or another person;
        ``(2) by means of serious harm or threats of serious harm to 
    that person or another person;
        ``(3) by means of the abuse or threatened abuse of law or legal 
    process; or
        ``(4) by means of any scheme, plan, or pattern intended to 
    cause the person to believe that, if that person did not perform 
    such labor or services, that person or another person would suffer 
    serious harm or physical restraint,
shall be punished as provided under subsection (d).
    ``(b) Whoever knowingly benefits, financially or by receiving 
anything of value, from participation in a venture which has engaged in 
the providing or obtaining of labor or services by any of the means 
described in subsection (a), knowing or in reckless disregard of the 
fact that the venture has engaged in the providing or obtaining of 
labor or services by any of such means, shall be punished as provided 
in subsection (d).
    ``(c) In this section:
        ``(1) The term `abuse or threatened abuse of law or legal 
    process' means the use or threatened use of a law or legal process, 
    whether administrative, civil, or criminal, in any manner or for 
    any purpose for which the law was not designed, in order to exert 
    pressure on another person to cause that person to take some action 
    or refrain from taking some action.
        ``(2) The term `serious harm' means any harm, whether physical 
    or nonphysical, including psychological, financial, or reputational 
    harm, that is sufficiently serious, under all the surrounding 
    circumstances, to compel a reasonable person of the same background 
    and in the same circumstances to perform or to continue performing 
    labor or services in order to avoid incurring that harm.
    ``(d) Whoever violates this section shall be fined under this 
title, imprisoned not more than 20 years, or both. If death results 
from a violation of this section, or if the violation includes 
kidnaping, an attempt to kidnap, aggravated sexual abuse, or an attempt 
to kill, the defendant shall be fined under this title, imprisoned for 
any term of years or life, or both.''.
        (4) Trafficking.--Section 1590 of such title is amended--
            (A) by striking ``Whoever'' and inserting the following:
    ``(a) Whoever''; and
            (B) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(b) Whoever obstructs, attempts to obstruct, or in any way 
interferes with or prevents the enforcement of this section, shall be 
subject to the penalties under subsection (a).''.
        (5) Sex trafficking of children.--Section 1591 of such title is 
    amended--
            (A) in subsection (a)--
                (i) in paragraph (1), by striking ``or obtains'' and 
            inserting ``obtains, or maintains''; and
                (ii) in the matter following paragraph (2), by striking 
            ``that force, fraud, or coercion described in subsection 
            (c)(2)'' and inserting ``, or in reckless disregard of the 
            fact, that means of force, threats of force, fraud, 
            coercion described in subsection (e)(2), or any combination 
            of such means'';
            (B) by redesignating subsection (c) as subsection (e);
            (C) in subsection (b)(1), by striking ``force, fraud, or 
        coercion'' and inserting ``means of force, threats of force, 
        fraud, or coercion described in subsection (e)(2), or by any 
        combination of such means,'';
            (D) by inserting after subsection (b) the following:
    ``(c) In a prosecution under subsection (a)(1) in which the 
defendant had a reasonable opportunity to observe the person so 
recruited, enticed, harbored, transported, provided, obtained or 
maintained, the Government need not prove that the defendant knew that 
the person had not attained the age of 18 years.
    ``(d) Whoever obstructs, attempts to obstruct, or in any way 
interferes with or prevents the enforcement of this section, shall be 
fined under this title, imprisoned for a term not to exceed 20 years, 
or both.'';
            (E) in subsection (e), as redesignated--
                (i) by redesignating paragraph (3) as paragraph (5);
                (ii) by redesignating paragraph (1) as paragraph (3);
                (iii) by inserting before paragraph (2) the following:
        ``(1) The term `abuse or threatened abuse of law or legal 
    process' means the use or threatened use of a law or legal process, 
    whether administrative, civil, or criminal, in any manner or for 
    any purpose for which the law was not designed, in order to exert 
    pressure on another person to cause that person to take some action 
    or refrain from taking some action.''; and
                (iv) by inserting after paragraph (3), as redesignated, 
            the following:
        ``(4) The term `serious harm' means any harm, whether physical 
    or nonphysical, including psychological, financial, or reputational 
    harm, that is sufficiently serious, under all the surrounding 
    circumstances, to compel a reasonable person of the same background 
    and in the same circumstances to perform or to continue performing 
    commercial sexual activity in order to avoid incurring that 
    harm.''.
        (6) Unlawful conduct.--Section 1592 of such title is amended by 
    adding at the end the following:
    ``(c) Whoever obstructs, attempts to obstruct, or in any way 
interferes with or prevents the enforcement of this section, shall be 
subject to the penalties described in subsection (a).''.
    (c) Holding Conspirators Accountable.--Section 1594 of title 18, 
United States Code, is amended--
        (1) by redesignating subsections (b), (c), and (d) as 
    subsections (d), (e), and (f), respectively; and
        (2) by inserting after subsection (a) the following:
    ``(b) Whoever conspires with another to violate section 1581, 1583, 
1589, 1590, or 1592 shall be punished in the same manner as a completed 
violation of such section.
    ``(c) Whoever conspires with another to violate section 1591 shall 
be fined under this title, imprisoned for any term of years or for 
life, or both.''.
    (d) Benefitting Financially From Peonage, Slavery, and Trafficking 
in Persons.--
        (1) In general.--Chapter 77 of title 18, United States Code, is 
    amended by inserting after section 1593 the following:
``Sec. 1593A. Benefitting financially from peonage, slavery, and 
     trafficking in persons
    ``Whoever knowingly benefits, financially or by receiving anything 
of value, from participation in a venture which has engaged in any act 
in violation of section 1581(a), 1592, or 1595(a), knowing or in 
reckless disregard of the fact that the venture has engaged in such 
violation, shall be fined under this title or imprisoned in the same 
manner as a completed violation of such section.''.
        (2) Clerical amendment.--The table of sections at the beginning 
    of such chapter is amended by inserting after the item relating to 
    section 1593 the following:

``Sec. 1593A. Benefitting financially from peonage, slavery, and 
          trafficking in persons.''.

    (e) Retaliation in Foreign Labor Contracting.--Chapter 63 of title 
18, United States Code, is amended--
        (1) in the chapter heading, by adding at the end the following: 
    ``AND OTHER FRAUD OFFENSES'';
        (2) by adding at the end the following:
``Sec. 1351. Fraud in foreign labor contracting
    ``Whoever knowingly and with intent to defraud recruits, solicits 
or hires a person outside the United States for purposes of employment 
in the United States by means of materially false or fraudulent 
pretenses, representations or promises regarding that employment shall 
be fined under this title or imprisoned for not more than 5 years, or 
both.''; and
        (3) in the table of sections, by inserting after the item 
    relating to section 1350 the following:

``1351. Fraud in foreign labor contracting.''.

    (f) Tightening Immigration Prohibitions.--
        (1) Ground of inadmissibility for trafficking.--Section 
    212(a)(2)(H)(i) of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 
    1182(a)(2)(H)(i)) is amended by striking ``who is listed in a 
    report submitted pursuant to section 111(b) of the Trafficking 
    Victims Protection Act of 2000'' and inserting ``who commits or 
    conspires to commit human trafficking offenses in the United States 
    or outside the United States''.
        (2) Ground of removability.--Section 237(a)(2) of such Act (8 
    U.S.C. 1227(a)(2)) is amended by adding at the end the following:
            ``(F) Trafficking.--Any alien described in section 
        212(a)(2)(H) is deportable.''.
    (g) Amendment to Sentencing Guidelines.--Pursuant to its authority 
under section 994 of title 28, United States Code, the United States 
Sentencing Commission shall review and, if appropriate, amend the 
sentencing guidelines and policy statements applicable to persons 
convicted of alien harboring to ensure conformity with the sentencing 
guidelines applicable to persons convicted of promoting a commercial 
sex act if--
        (1) the harboring was committed in furtherance of prostitution; 
    and
        (2) the defendant to be sentenced is an organizer, leader, 
    manager, or supervisor of the criminal activity.
    SEC. 223. JURISDICTION IN CERTAIN TRAFFICKING OFFENSES.
    (a) In General.--Chapter 77 of title 18, United States Code, is 
amended by adding at the end the following:
``Sec. 1596. Additional jurisdiction in certain trafficking offenses
    ``(a) In General.--In addition to any domestic or extra-territorial 
jurisdiction otherwise provided by law, the courts of the United States 
have extra-territorial jurisdiction over any offense (or any attempt or 
conspiracy to commit an offense) under section 1581, 1583, 1584, 1589, 
1590, or 1591 if--
        ``(1) an alleged offender is a national of the United States or 
    an alien lawfully admitted for permanent residence (as those terms 
    are defined in section 101 of the Immigration and Nationality Act 
    (8 U.S.C. 1101)); or
        ``(2) an alleged offender is present in the United States, 
    irrespective of the nationality of the alleged offender.
    ``(b) Limitation on Prosecutions of Offenses Prosecuted in Other 
Countries.--No prosecution may be commenced against a person under this 
section if a foreign government, in accordance with jurisdiction 
recognized by the United States, has prosecuted or is prosecuting such 
person for the conduct constituting such offense, except upon the 
approval of the Attorney General or the Deputy Attorney General (or a 
person acting in either such capacity), which function of approval may 
not be delegated.''.
    (b) Clerical Amendment.--The table of sections at the beginning of 
chapter 77 of title 18, United States Code, is amended by adding at the 
end the following:

``1596. Additional jurisdiction in certain trafficking offenses.''.
    SEC. 224. BAIL CONDITIONS, SUBPOENAS, AND REPEAT OFFENDER PENALTIES 
      FOR SEX TRAFFICKING.
    (a) Release and Detention.--Subsections (f)(1)(A) and (g)(1) of 
section 3142 of title 18, United States Code, are amended by striking 
``violence,'' each place such term appears and inserting ``violence, a 
violation of section 1591,''.
    (b) Subpoenas.--Section 3486(a)(1)(D) of title 18, United States 
Code, is amended by inserting ``1591,'' after ``1201,''.
    (c) Repeat Offenders.--Section 2426(b)(1)(A) of title 18, United 
States Code, is amended, by striking ``or chapter 110'' and inserting 
``chapter 110, or section 1591''.
    SEC. 225. PROMOTING EFFECTIVE STATE ENFORCEMENT.
    (a) Relationship Among Federal and State Law.--Nothing in this Act, 
the Trafficking Victims Protection Act of 2000, the Trafficking Victims 
Protection Reauthorization Act of 2003, the Trafficking Victims 
Protection Reauthorization Act of 2005, chapters 77 and 117 of title 
18, United States Code, or any model law issued by the Department of 
Justice to carry out the purposes of any of the aforementioned 
statutes--
        (1) may be construed to treat prostitution as a valid form of 
    employment under Federal law; or
        (2) shall preempt, supplant, or limit the effect of any State 
    or Federal criminal law.
    (b) Model State Criminal Provisions.--In addition to any model 
State antitrafficking statutes in effect on the date of the enactment 
of this Act, the Attorney General shall facilitate the promulgation of 
a model State statute that--
        (1) furthers a comprehensive approach to investigation and 
    prosecution through modernization of State and local prostitution 
    and pandering statutes; and
        (2) is based in part on the provisions of the Act of August 15, 
    1935 (49 Stat. 651; D.C. Code 22-2701 et seq.) (relating to 
    prostitution and pandering).
    (c) Distribution.--The model statute described in subsection (b) 
and the text of chapter 27 of the Criminal Code of the District of 
Columbia (D.C. Code 22-2701 et seq.) shall be--
        (1) posted on the website of the Department of Justice; and
        (2) distributed to the Attorney General of each State.

         Subtitle D--Activities of the United States Government

    SEC. 231. ANNUAL REPORT BY THE ATTORNEY GENERAL.
    Section 105(d)(7) of the Trafficking Victims Protection Act of 2000 
(22 U.S.C. 7103(d)(7)) is amended--
        (1) in subparagraph (A)--
            (A) by striking ``section 107(b)'' and inserting 
        ``subsections (b) and (f) of section 107''; and
            (B) by inserting ``the Attorney General,'' after ``the 
        Secretary of Labor,'';
        (2) in subparagraph (G), by striking ``and'' at the end;
        (3) by redesignating subparagraph (H) as subparagraph (J); and
        (4) by inserting after subparagraph (G) the following:
            ``(H) activities by the Department of Defense to combat 
        trafficking in persons, including--
                ``(i) educational efforts for, and disciplinary actions 
            taken against, members of the United States Armed Forces;
                ``(ii) the development of materials used to train the 
            armed forces of foreign countries; and
                ``(iii) efforts to ensure that United States Government 
            contractors and their employees or United States Government 
            subcontractors and their employees do not engage in 
            trafficking in persons;
            ``(I) activities or actions by Federal departments and 
        agencies to enforce--
                ``(i) section 106(g) and any similar law, regulation, 
            or policy relating to United States Government contractors 
            and their employees or United States Government 
            subcontractors and their employees that engage in severe 
            forms of trafficking in persons, the procurement of 
            commercial sex acts, or the use of forced labor, including 
            debt bondage;
                ``(ii) section 307 of the Tariff Act of 1930 (19 U.S.C. 
            1307; relating to prohibition on importation of convict-
            made goods), including any determinations by the Secretary 
            of Homeland Security to waive the restrictions of such 
            section; and
                ``(iii) prohibitions on the procurement by the United 
            States Government of items or services produced by slave 
            labor, consistent with Executive Order 13107 (December 10, 
            1998); and''.
    SEC. 232. INVESTIGATION BY THE INSPECTORS GENERAL.
    (a) In General.--For each of the fiscal years 2010 through 2012, 
the Inspectors General of the Department of Defense, the Department of 
State, and the United States Agency for International Development shall 
investigate a sample of the contracts described in subsection (b).
    (b) Contracts Described.--
        (1) In general.--The contracts described in subsection (a) are 
    contracts, or subcontracts at any tier, under which there is a 
    heightened risk that a contractor may engage, knowingly or 
    unknowingly, in acts related to trafficking in persons, such as--
            (A) confiscation of an employee's passport;
            (B) restriction on an employee's mobility;
            (C) abrupt or evasive repatriation of an employee;
            (D) deception of an employee regarding the work 
        destination; or
            (E) acts otherwise described in section 106(g) of the 
        Trafficking Victims Protection Act of 2000 (22 U.S.C. 7104).
        (2) Consultation and information received.--In determining the 
    type of contact that should be investigated pursuant to subsection 
    (a), the Inspectors General shall--
            (A) consult with the Director of the Office to Combat 
        Trafficking in Persons of the Department of State; and
            (B) take into account any credible information received 
        regarding report of trafficking in persons.
    (c) Congressional Notification.--
        (1) In general.--Not later than January 15, 2009, and annually 
    thereafter through January 15, 2011, each Inspector General shall 
    submit a report to the congressional committees listed in paragraph 
    (3)--
            (A) summarizing the findings of the investigations 
        conducted in the previous year, including any findings 
        regarding trafficking in persons or any improvements needed to 
        prevent trafficking in persons; and
            (B) in the case of any contractor or subcontractor with 
        regard to which the Inspector General has found substantial 
        evidence of trafficking in persons, report as to--
                (i) whether or not the case has been referred for 
            prosecution; and
                (ii) whether or not the case has been treated in 
            accordance with section 106(g) of the Trafficking Victims 
            Protection Act of 2000 (22 U.S.C. 7104) (relating to 
            termination of certain grants, contracts and cooperative 
            agreements).
        (2) Joint report.--The Inspectors General described in 
    subsection (a) may submit their reports jointly.
        (3) Congressional committees.--The committees list in this 
    paragraph are--
            (A) the Committee on Armed Services of the Senate;
            (B) the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate;
            (C) the Committee on Armed Services of the House of 
        Representatives; and
            (D) the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of 
        Representatives.
    SEC. 233. SENIOR POLICY OPERATING GROUP.
    Section 206 of the Trafficking Victims Protection Reauthorization 
Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 14044d) is amended by striking ``, as the 
department or agency determines appropriate,''.
    SEC. 234. PREVENTING UNITED STATES TRAVEL BY TRAFFICKERS.
    Section 212(a)(2)(H)(i) of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 
U.S.C. 1182(a)(2)(H)(i)) is amended by striking ``consular officer'' 
and inserting ``consular officer, the Secretary of Homeland Security, 
the Secretary of State,''.
    SEC. 235. ENHANCING EFFORTS TO COMBAT THE TRAFFICKING OF CHILDREN.
    (a) Combating Child Trafficking at the Border and Ports of Entry of 
the United States.--
        (1) Policies and procedures.--In order to enhance the efforts 
    of the United States to prevent trafficking in persons, the 
    Secretary of Homeland Security, in conjunction with the Secretary 
    of State, the Attorney General, and the Secretary of Health and 
    Human Services, shall develop policies and procedures to ensure 
    that unaccompanied alien children in the United States are safely 
    repatriated to their country of nationality or of last habitual 
    residence.
        (2) Special rules for children from contiguous countries.--
            (A) Determinations.--Any unaccompanied alien child who is a 
        national or habitual resident of a country that is contiguous 
        with the United States shall be treated in accordance with 
        subparagraph (B), if the Secretary of Homeland Security 
        determines, on a case-by-case basis, that--
                (i) such child has not been a victim of a severe form 
            of trafficking in persons, and there is no credible 
            evidence that such child is at risk of being trafficked 
            upon return to the child's country of nationality or of 
            last habitual residence;
                (ii) such child does not have a fear of returning to 
            the child's country of nationality or of last habitual 
            residence owing to a credible fear of persecution; and
                (iii) the child is able to make an independent decision 
            to withdraw the child's application for admission to the 
            United States.
            (B) Return.--An immigration officer who finds an 
        unaccompanied alien child described in subparagraph (A) at a 
        land border or port of entry of the United States and 
        determines that such child is inadmissible under the 
        Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1101 et seq.) may--
                (i) permit such child to withdraw the child's 
            application for admission pursuant to section 235(a)(4) of 
            the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1225(a)(4)); 
            and
                (ii) return such child to the child's country of 
            nationality or country of last habitual residence.
            (C) Contiguous country agreements.--The Secretary of State 
        shall negotiate agreements between the United States and 
        countries contiguous to the United States with respect to the 
        repatriation of children. Such agreements shall be designed to 
        protect children from severe forms of trafficking in persons, 
        and shall, at a minimum, provide that--
                (i) no child shall be returned to the child's country 
            of nationality or of last habitual residence unless 
            returned to appropriate employees or officials, including 
            child welfare officials where available, of the accepting 
            country's government;
                (ii) no child shall be returned to the child's country 
            of nationality or of last habitual residence outside of 
            reasonable business hours; and
                (iii) border personnel of the countries that are 
            parties to such agreements are trained in the terms of such 
            agreements.
        (3) Rule for other children.--The custody of unaccompanied 
    alien children not described in paragraph (2)(A) who are 
    apprehended at the border of the United States or at a United 
    States port of entry shall be treated in accordance with subsection 
    (b).
        (4) Screening.--Within 48 hours of the apprehension of a child 
    who is believed to be described in paragraph (2)(A), but in any 
    event prior to returning such child to the child's country of 
    nationality or of last habitual residence, the child shall be 
    screened to determine whether the child meets the criteria listed 
    in paragraph (2)(A). If the child does not meet such criteria, or 
    if no determination can be made within 48 hours of apprehension, 
    the child shall immediately be transferred to the Secretary of 
    Health and Human Services and treated in accordance with subsection 
    (b). Nothing in this paragraph may be construed to preclude an 
    earlier transfer of the child.
        (5) Ensuring the safe repatriation of children.--
            (A) Repatriation pilot program.--To protect children from 
        trafficking and exploitation, the Secretary of State shall 
        create a pilot program, in conjunction with the Secretary of 
        Health and Human Services and the Secretary of Homeland 
        Security, nongovernmental organizations, and other national and 
        international agencies and experts, to develop and implement 
        best practices to ensure the safe and sustainable repatriation 
        and reintegration of unaccompanied alien children into their 
        country of nationality or of last habitual residence, including 
        placement with their families, legal guardians, or other 
        sponsoring agencies.
            (B) Assessment of country conditions.--The Secretary of 
        Homeland Security shall consult the Department of State's 
        Country Reports on Human Rights Practices and the Trafficking 
        in Persons Report in assessing whether to repatriate an 
        unaccompanied alien child to a particular country.
            (C) Report on repatriation of unaccompanied alien 
        children.--Not later than 18 months after the date of the 
        enactment of this Act, and annually thereafter, the Secretary 
        of State and the Secretary of Health and Human Services, with 
        assistance from the Secretary of Homeland Security, shall 
        submit a report to the Committee on the Judiciary of the Senate 
        and the Committee on the Judiciary of the House of 
        Representatives on efforts to improve repatriation programs for 
        unaccompanied alien children. Such report shall include--
                (i) the number of unaccompanied alien children ordered 
            removed and the number of such children actually removed 
            from the United States;
                (ii) a statement of the nationalities, ages, and gender 
            of such children;
                (iii) a description of the policies and procedures used 
            to effect the removal of such children from the United 
            States and the steps taken to ensure that such children 
            were safely and humanely repatriated to their country of 
            nationality or of last habitual residence, including a 
            description of the repatriation pilot program created 
            pursuant to subparagraph (A);
                (iv) a description of the type of immigration relief 
            sought and denied to such children;
                (v) any information gathered in assessments of country 
            and local conditions pursuant to paragraph (2); and
                (vi) statistical information and other data on 
            unaccompanied alien children as provided for in section 
            462(b)(1)(J) of the Homeland Security Act of 2002 (6 U.S.C. 
            279(b)(1)(J)).
            (D) Placement in removal proceedings.--Any unaccompanied 
        alien child sought to be removed by the Department of Homeland 
        Security, except for an unaccompanied alien child from a 
        contiguous country subject to exceptions under subsection 
        (a)(2), shall be--
                (i) placed in removal proceedings under section 240 of 
            the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1229a);
                (ii) eligible for relief under section 240B of such Act 
            (8 U.S.C. 1229c) at no cost to the child; and
                (iii) provided access to counsel in accordance with 
            subsection (c)(5).
    (b) Combating Child Trafficking and Exploitation in the United 
States.--
        (1) Care and custody of unaccompanied alien children.--
    Consistent with section 462 of the Homeland Security Act of 2002 (6 
    U.S.C. 279), and except as otherwise provided under subsection (a), 
    the care and custody of all unaccompanied alien children, including 
    responsibility for their detention, where appropriate, shall be the 
    responsibility of the Secretary of Health and Human Services.
        (2) Notification.--Each department or agency of the Federal 
    Government shall notify the Department of Health and Human services 
    within 48 hours upon--
            (A) the apprehension or discovery of an unaccompanied alien 
        child; or
            (B) any claim or suspicion that an alien in the custody of 
        such department or agency is under 18 years of age.
        (3) Transfers of unaccompanied alien children.--Except in the 
    case of exceptional circumstances, any department or agency of the 
    Federal Government that has an unaccompanied alien child in custody 
    shall transfer the custody of such child to the Secretary of Health 
    and Human Services not later than 72 hours after determining that 
    such child is an unaccompanied alien child.
        (4) Age determinations.--The Secretary of Health and Human 
    Services, in consultation with the Secretary of Homeland Security, 
    shall develop procedures to make a prompt determination of the age 
    of an alien, which shall be used by the Secretary of Homeland 
    Security and the Secretary of Health and Human Services for 
    children in their respective custody. At a minimum, these 
    procedures shall take into account multiple forms of evidence, 
    including the non-exclusive use of radiographs, to determine the 
    age of the unaccompanied alien.
    (c) Providing Safe and Secure Placements for Children.--
        (1) Policies and programs.--The Secretary of Health and Human 
    Services, Secretary of Homeland Security, Attorney General, and 
    Secretary of State shall establish policies and programs to ensure 
    that unaccompanied alien children in the United States are 
    protected from traffickers and other persons seeking to victimize 
    or otherwise engage such children in criminal, harmful, or 
    exploitative activity, including policies and programs reflecting 
    best practices in witness security programs.
        (2) Safe and secure placements.--Subject to section 462(b)(2) 
    of the Homeland Security Act of 2002 (6 U.S.C. 279(b)(2)), an 
    unaccompanied alien child in the custody of the Secretary of Health 
    and Human Services shall be promptly placed in the least 
    restrictive setting that is in the best interest of the child. In 
    making such placements, the Secretary may consider danger to self, 
    danger to the community, and risk of flight. Placement of child 
    trafficking victims may include placement in an Unaccompanied 
    Refugee Minor program, pursuant to section 412(d) of the 
    Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1522(d)), if a suitable 
    family member is not available to provide care. A child shall not 
    be placed in a secure facility absent a determination that the 
    child poses a danger to self or others or has been charged with 
    having committed a criminal offense. The placement of a child in a 
    secure facility shall be reviewed, at a minimum, on a monthly 
    basis, in accordance with procedures prescribed by the Secretary, 
    to determine if such placement remains warranted.
        (3) Safety and suitability assessments.--
            (A) In general.--Subject to the requirements of 
        subparagraph (B), an unaccompanied alien child may not be 
        placed with a person or entity unless the Secretary of Health 
        and Human Services makes a determination that the proposed 
        custodian is capable of providing for the child's physical and 
        mental well-being. Such determination shall, at a minimum, 
        include verification of the custodian's identity and 
        relationship to the child, if any, as well as an independent 
        finding that the individual has not engaged in any activity 
        that would indicate a potential risk to the child.
            (B) Home studies.--Before placing the child with an 
        individual, the Secretary of Health and Human Services shall 
        determine whether a home study is first necessary. A home study 
        shall be conducted for a child who is a victim of a severe form 
        of trafficking in persons, a special needs child with a 
        disability (as defined in section 3 of the Americans with 
        Disabilities Act of 1990 (42 U.S.C. 12102(2))), a child who has 
        been a victim of physical or sexual abuse under circumstances 
        that indicate that the child's health or welfare has been 
        significantly harmed or threatened, or a child whose proposed 
        sponsor clearly presents a risk of abuse, maltreatment, 
        exploitation, or trafficking to the child based on all 
        available objective evidence. The Secretary of Health and Human 
        Services shall conduct follow-up services, during the pendency 
        of removal proceedings, on children for whom a home study was 
        conducted and is authorized to conduct follow-up services in 
        cases involving children with mental health or other needs who 
        could benefit from ongoing assistance from a social welfare 
        agency.
            (C) Access to information.--Not later than 2 weeks after 
        receiving a request from the Secretary of Health and Human 
        Services, the Secretary of Homeland Security shall provide 
        information necessary to conduct suitability assessments from 
        appropriate Federal, State, and local law enforcement and 
        immigration databases.
        (4) Legal orientation presentations.--The Secretary of Health 
    and Human Services shall cooperate with the Executive Office for 
    Immigration Review to ensure that custodians receive legal 
    orientation presentations provided through the Legal Orientation 
    Program administered by the Executive Office for Immigration 
    Review. At a minimum, such presentations shall address the 
    custodian's responsibility to attempt to ensure the child's 
    appearance at all immigration proceedings and to protect the child 
    from mistreatment, exploitation, and trafficking.
        (5) Access to counsel.--The Secretary of Health and Human 
    Services shall ensure, to the greatest extent practicable and 
    consistent with section 292 of the Immigration and Nationality Act 
    (8 U.S.C. 1362), that all unaccompanied alien children who are or 
    have been in the custody of the Secretary or the Secretary of 
    Homeland Security, and who are not described in subsection 
    (a)(2)(A), have counsel to represent them in legal proceedings or 
    matters and protect them from mistreatment, exploitation, and 
    trafficking. To the greatest extent practicable, the Secretary of 
    Health and Human Services shall make every effort to utilize the 
    services of pro bono counsel who agree to provide representation to 
    such children without charge.
        (6) Child advocates.--The Secretary of Health and Human 
    Services is authorized to appoint independent child advocates for 
    child trafficking victims and other vulnerable unaccompanied alien 
    children. A child advocate shall be provided access to materials 
    necessary to effectively advocate for the best interest of the 
    child. The child advocate shall not be compelled to testify or 
    provide evidence in any proceeding concerning any information or 
    opinion received from the child in the course of serving as a child 
    advocate. The child advocate shall be presumed to be acting in good 
    faith and be immune from civil and criminal liability for lawful 
    conduct of duties as described in this provision.
    (d) Permanent Protection for Certain At-Risk Children.--
        (1) In general.--Section 101(a)(27)(J) of the Immigration and 
    Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1101(a)(27)(J)) is amended--
            (A) in clause (i), by striking ``State and who has been 
        deemed eligible by that court for long-term foster care due to 
        abuse, neglect, or abandonment;'' and inserting ``State, or an 
        individual or entity appointed by a State or juvenile court 
        located in the United States, and whose reunification with 1 or 
        both of the immigrant's parents is not viable due to abuse, 
        neglect, abandonment, or a similar basis found under State 
        law;''; and
            (B) in clause (iii)--
                (i) in the matter preceding subclause (I), by striking 
            ``the Attorney General expressly consents to the dependency 
            order serving as a precondition to the grant of special 
            immigrant juvenile status;'' and inserting ``the Secretary 
            of Homeland Security consents to the grant of special 
            immigrant juvenile status,''; and
                (ii) in subclause (I), by striking ``in the actual or 
            constructive custody of the Attorney General unless the 
            Attorney General specifically consents to such 
            jurisdiction;'' and inserting ``in the custody of the 
            Secretary of Health and Human Services unless the Secretary 
            of Health and Human Services specifically consents to such 
            jurisdiction;''.
        (2) Expeditious adjudication.--All applications for special 
    immigrant status under section 101(a)(27)(J) of the Immigration and 
    Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1101(a)(27)(J)) shall be adjudicated by 
    the Secretary of Homeland Security not later than 180 days after 
    the date on which the application is filed.
        (3) Adjustment of status.--Section 245(h)(2)(A) of the 
    Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1255(h)(2)(A)) is amended 
    to read as follows:
            ``(A) paragraphs (4), (5)(A), (6)(A), (6)(C), (6)(D), 
        (7)(A), and (9)(B) of section 212(a) shall not apply; and''.
        (4) Eligibility for assistance.--
            (A) In general.--A child who has been granted special 
        immigrant status under section 101(a)(27)(J) of the Immigration 
        and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1101(a)(27)(J)) and who was 
        either in the custody of the Secretary of Health and Human 
        Services at the time a dependency order was granted for such 
        child or who was receiving services pursuant to section 501(a) 
        of the Refugee Education Assistance Act of 1980 (8 U.S.C. 1522 
        note) at the time such dependency order was granted, shall be 
        eligible for placement and services under section 412(d) of the 
        Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1522(d)) until the 
        earlier of--
                (i) the date on which the child reaches the age 
            designated in section 412(d)(2)(B) of the Immigration and 
            Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1522(d)(2)(B)); or
                (ii) the date on which the child is placed in a 
            permanent adoptive home.
            (B) State reimbursement.--Subject to the availability of 
        appropriations, if State foster care funds are expended on 
        behalf of a child who is not described in subparagraph (A) and 
        has been granted special immigrant status under section 
        101(a)(27)(J) of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 
        1101(a)(27)(J)), the Federal Government shall reimburse the 
        State in which the child resides for such expenditures by the 
        State.
        (5) State courts acting in loco parentis.--A department or 
    agency of a State, or an individual or entity appointed by a State 
    court or juvenile court located in the United States, acting in 
    loco parentis, shall not be considered a legal guardian for 
    purposes of this section or section 462 of the Homeland Security 
    Act of 2002 (6 U.S.C. 279).
        (6) Transition rule.--Notwithstanding any other provision of 
    law, an alien described in section 101(a)(27)(J) of the Immigration 
    and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1101(a)(27)(J)), as amended by 
    paragraph (1), may not be denied special immigrant status under 
    such section after the date of the enactment of this Act based on 
    age if the alien was a child on the date on which the alien applied 
    for such status.
        (7) Access to asylum protections.--Section 208 of the 
    Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1158) is amended--
            (A) in subsection (a)(2), by adding at the end the 
        following:
            ``(E) Applicability.--Subparagraphs (A) and (B) shall not 
        apply to an unaccompanied alien child (as defined in section 
        462(g) of the Homeland Security Act of 2002 (6 U.S.C. 
        279(g))).''; and
            (B) in subsection (b)(3), by adding at the end the 
        following:
            ``(C) Initial jurisdiction.--An asylum officer (as defined 
        in section 235(b)(1)(E)) shall have initial jurisdiction over 
        any asylum application filed by an unaccompanied alien child 
        (as defined in section 462(g) of the Homeland Security Act of 
        2002 (6 U.S.C. 279(g))), regardless of whether filed in 
        accordance with this section or section 235(b).''.
        (8) Specialized needs of unaccompanied alien children.--
    Applications for asylum and other forms of relief from removal in 
    which an unaccompanied alien child is the principal applicant shall 
    be governed by regulations which take into account the specialized 
    needs of unaccompanied alien children and which address both 
    procedural and substantive aspects of handling unaccompanied alien 
    children's cases.
    (e) Training.--The Secretary of State, the Secretary of Homeland 
Security, the Secretary of Health and Human Services, and the Attorney 
General shall provide specialized training to all Federal personnel, 
and upon request, state and local personnel, who have substantive 
contact with unaccompanied alien children. Such personnel shall be 
trained to work with unaccompanied alien children, including 
identifying children who are victims of severe forms of trafficking in 
persons, and children for whom asylum or special immigrant relief may 
be appropriate, including children described in subsection (a)(2).
    (f) Amendments to the Homeland Security Act of 2002.--
        (1) Additional responsibilities.--Section 462(b)(1)(L) of the 
    Homeland Security Act of 2002 (6 U.S.C. 279(b)(1)(L)) is amended by 
    striking the period at the end and inserting ``, including regular 
    follow-up visits to such facilities, placements, and other 
    entities, to assess the continued suitability of such 
    placements.''.
        (2) Technical corrections.--Section 462(b) of such Act (6 
    U.S.C. 279(b)) is further amended--
            (A) in paragraph (3), by striking ``paragraph (1)(G),'' and 
        inserting ``paragraph (1),''; and
            (B) by adding at the end the following:
        ``(4) Rule of construction.--Nothing in paragraph (2)(B) may be 
    construed to require that a bond be posted for an unaccompanied 
    alien child who is released to a qualified sponsor.''.
    (g) Definition of Unaccompanied Alien Child.--For purposes of this 
section, the term ``unaccompanied alien child'' has the meaning given 
such term in section 462(g) of the Homeland Security Act of 2002 (6 
U.S.C. 279(g)).
    (h) Effective Date.--This section--
        (1) shall take effect on the date that is 90 days after the 
    date of the enactment of this Act; and
        (2) shall also apply to all aliens in the United States in 
    pending proceedings before the Department of Homeland Security or 
    the Executive Office for Immigration Review, or related 
    administrative or Federal appeals, on the date of the enactment of 
    this Act.
    (i) Grants and Contracts.--The Secretary of Health and Human 
Services may award grants to, and enter into contracts with, voluntary 
agencies to carry out this section and section 462 of the Homeland 
Security Act of 2002 (6 U.S.C. 279).
    SEC. 236. RESTRICTION OF PASSPORTS FOR SEX TOURISM.
    (a) In General.--Following any conviction of an individual for a 
violation of section 2423 of title 18, United States Code, the Attorney 
General shall notify in a timely manner--
        (1) the Secretary of State for appropriate action under 
    subsection (b); and
        (2) the Secretary of Homeland Security for appropriate action 
    under the Immigration and Nationality Act.
    (b) Authority to Restrict Passport.--
        (1) Ineligibility for passport.--
            (A) In general.--The Secretary of State shall not issue a 
        passport or passport card to an individual who is convicted of 
        a violation of section 2423 of title 18, United States Code, 
        during the covered period if the individual used a passport or 
        passport card or otherwise crossed an international border in 
        committing the offense.
            (B) Passport revocation.--The Secretary of State shall 
        revoke a passport or passport card previously issued to an 
        individual described in subparagraph (A).
        (2) Exceptions.--
            (A) Emergency and humanitarian situations.--Notwithstanding 
        paragraph (1), the Secretary of State may issue a passport or 
        passport card, in emergency circumstances or for humanitarian 
        reasons, to an individual described in paragraph (1)(A).
            (B) Limitation for return to united states.--
        Notwithstanding paragraph (1), the Secretary of State may, 
        prior to revocation, limit a previously issued passport or 
        passport card only for return travel to the United States, or 
        may issue a limited passport or passport card that only permits 
        return travel to the United States.
        (3) Definitions.--In this subsection--
            (A) the term ``covered period'' means the period beginning 
        on the date on which an individual is convicted of a violation 
        of section 2423 of title 18, United States Code, and ending on 
        the later of--
                (i) the date on which the individual is released from a 
            sentence of imprisonment relating to the offense; and
                (ii) the end of a period of parole or other supervised 
            release of the covered individual relating to the offense; 
            and
            (B) the term ``imprisonment'' means being confined in or 
        otherwise restricted to a jail, prison, half-way house, 
        treatment facility, or another institution, on a full or part-
        time basis, pursuant to the sentence imposed as the result of a 
        criminal conviction.
    SEC. 237. ADDITIONAL REPORTING ON CRIME.
    (a) Trafficking Offense Classification.--The Director of the 
Federal Bureau of Investigation shall--
        (1) classify the offense of human trafficking as a Part I crime 
    in the Uniform Crime Reports;
        (2) to the extent feasible, establish subcategories for State 
    sex crimes that involve--
            (A) a person who is younger than 18 years of age;
            (B) the use of force, fraud or coercion; or
            (C) neither of the elements described in subparagraphs (A) 
        and (B); and
        (3) classify the offense of human trafficking as a Group A 
    offense for purpose of the National Incident-Based Reporting 
    System.
    (b) Additional Information.--The Director of the Federal Bureau of 
Investigation shall revise the Uniform Crime Reporting System and the 
National Incident-Based Reporting System to distinguish between reports 
of--
        (1) incidents of assisting or promoting prostitution, which 
    shall include crimes committed by persons who--
            (A) do not directly engage in commercial sex acts; and
            (B) direct, manage, or profit from such acts, such as State 
        pimping and pandering crimes;
        (2) incidents of purchasing prostitution, which shall include 
    crimes committed by persons who purchase or attempt to purchase or 
    trade anything of value for commercial sex acts; and
        (3) incidents of prostitution, which shall include crimes 
    committed by persons providing or attempting to provide commercial 
    sex acts.
    (c) Reports and Studies.--
        (1) Reports.--Not later than February 1, 2010, the Attorney 
    General shall submit to the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the 
    Committee on the Judiciary of the House of Representatives and the 
    Committee on Foreign Relations and the Committee on the Judiciary 
    of the Senate reports on the following:
            (A) Activities or actions, in fiscal years 2001 through 
        2009, by Federal departments and agencies to enforce the 
        offenses set forth in chapter 117 of title 18, United States 
        Code, including information regarding the number of 
        prosecutions, the number of convictions, an identification of 
        multiple-defendant cases and the results thereof, and, for 
        fiscal years 2008 and 2009, the number of prosecutions, the 
        number of convictions, and an identification of multiple-
        defendant case and the results thereof, the use of expanded 
        statutes of limitation and other tools to prosecute crimes 
        against children who reached the age of eighteen years since 
        the time the crime was committed.
            (B) The interaction, in Federal human trafficking 
        prosecutions in fiscal years 2001 through 2010, of Federal 
        restitution provisions with those provisions of law allowing 
        restoration and remission of criminally and civilly forfeited 
        property, including the distribution of proceeds among multiple 
        victims.
            (C) Activities or actions, in fiscal years 2001 through 
        2010, to enforce the offenses set forth in chapters 95 and 96 
        of title 18, United States Code, in cases involving human 
        trafficking, sex trafficking, or prostitution offenses.
            (D) Activities or actions, in fiscal years 2008 and 2009, 
        by Federal departments and agencies to enforce the offenses set 
        forth in the Act of August 15, 1935 (49 Stat. 651; D.C. Code 
        22-2701 et seq.) (relating to prostitution and pandering), 
        including information regarding the number of prosecutions, the 
        number of convictions, and an identification of multiple-
        defendant cases and the results thereof.
        (2) Studies.--Subject to availability of appropriations, the 
    head of the National Institute of Justice shall conduct--
            (A) a comprehensive study to examine the use of Internet-
        based businesses and services by criminal actors in the sex 
        industry, and to disseminate best practices for investigation 
        and prosecution of trafficking and prostitution offenses 
        involving the Internet; and
            (B) a comprehensive study to examine the application of 
        State human trafficking statutes, including such statutes based 
        on the model law developed by the Department of Justice, cases 
        prosecuted thereunder, and the impact, if any, on enforcement 
        of other State criminal statutes.
        (3) Studies previously required by law.--Not later than 90 days 
    after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Attorney General 
    shall report to the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the Committee 
    on the Judiciary of the House of Representatives and the Committee 
    on Foreign Relations and the Committee on the Judiciary of the 
    Senate on the status of the studies required by paragraph (B)(i) 
    and (ii) of section 201(a)(1) of the Trafficking Victims Protection 
    Reauthorization Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 14044(a)(1)) and indicate 
    the projected date when such studies will be completed.
    SEC. 238. PROCESSING OF CERTAIN VISAS.
    (a) Report.--Not later than 180 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Homeland Security shall submit 
to the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the Committee on the Judiciary 
of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Foreign Relations 
and the Committee on the Judiciary of the Senate a report on the 
operations of the specially-trained Violence Against Women Act Unit at 
the Citizenship and Immigration Service's Vermont Service Center.
    (b) Elements.--The report required by subsection (a) shall include 
the following elements:
        (1) Detailed information about the funds expended to support 
    the work of the Violence Against Women Act Unit at the Vermont 
    Service Center.
        (2) A description of training for adjudicators, victim witness 
    liaison officers, managers, and others working in the Violence 
    Against Women Act Unit, including general training and training on 
    confidentiality issues.
        (3) Measures taken to ensure the retention of specially-trained 
    staff within the Violence Against Women Act Unit.
        (4) Measures taken to ensure the creation and retention of a 
    core of supervisory staff within the Violence Against Women Act 
    Unit and the Vermont Service Center with responsibility over 
    resource allocation, policy, program development, training and 
    other substantive or operational issues affecting the Unit, who 
    have historical knowledge and experience with the Trafficking 
    Victims Protection Act of 2000, the Violence Against Women Act of 
    1994, Violence Against Women Act of 1994 confidentiality, and the 
    specialized policies and procedures of the Department of Homeland 
    Security and its predecessor agencies in such cases.
        (5) Measures taken to ensure routine consultation between the 
    Violence Against Women Act Unit, U.S. Citizenship and Immigration 
    Services Headquarters, and the Office of Policy and Strategy during 
    the development of any Department of Homeland Security regulations 
    or policies that impact Violence Against Women Act of 1994 
    confidentiality-protected victims and their derivative family 
    members.
        (6) Information on any circumstances in which victim-based 
    immigration applications have been adjudicated by entities other 
    than the Violence Against Women Act Unit at the Vermont Service 
    Center, including reasons for such action and what steps, if any, 
    were taken to ensure that such applications were handled by trained 
    personnel and what steps were taken to comply with the 
    confidentiality provisions of the Violence Against Women Act of 
    1994.
        (7) Information on the time in which it takes to adjudicate 
    victim-based immigration applications, including the issuance of 
    visas, work authorization and deferred action in a timely manner 
    consistent with the safe and competent processing of such 
    applications, and steps taken to improve in this area.
    SEC. 239. TEMPORARY INCREASE IN FEE FOR CERTAIN CONSULAR SERVICES.
    (a) Increase in Fee.--Notwithstanding any other provision of law, 
not later than October 1, 2009, the Secretary of State shall increase 
by $1 the fee or surcharge assessed under section 140(a) of the Foreign 
Relations Authorization Act, Fiscal Years 1994 and 1995 (Public Law 
103-236; 8 U.S.C. 1351 note) for processing machine-readable 
nonimmigrant visas and machine-readable combined border crossing 
identification cards and nonimmigrant visas.
    (b) Deposit of Amounts.--Notwithstanding section 140(a)(2) of the 
Foreign Relations Authorization Act, Fiscal Years 1994 and 1995 (Public 
Law 103-236; 8 U.S.C. 1351 note), the additional amount collected 
pursuant the fee increase under subsection (a) shall be deposited in 
the Treasury.
    (c) Duration of Increase.--The fee increase authorized under 
subsection (a) shall terminate on the date that is 3 years after the 
first date on which such increased fee is collected.

              TITLE III--AUTHORIZATIONS OF APPROPRIATIONS

    SEC. 301. TRAFFICKING VICTIMS PROTECTION ACT OF 2000.
    Section 113 of the Trafficking Victims Protection Act of 2000, as 
amended by section 213(a)(2), is amended--
        (1) in subsection (a)--
            (A) in the first sentence--
                (i) by striking ``section 104, and''; and
                (ii) by striking ``$1,500,000'' and all that follows 
            through ``$5,500,000 for each of the fiscal years 2006 and 
            2007'' and inserting ``$5,500,000 for each of the fiscal 
            years 2008 through 2011''; and
            (B) in the second sentence--
                (i) by striking ``for official reception and 
            representation expenses $3,000'' and inserting ``$1,500,000 
            for additional personnel for each of the fiscal years 2008 
            through 2011, and $3,000 for official reception and 
            representation expenses''; and
                (ii) by striking ``2006 and 2007'' and inserting ``2008 
            through 2011'';
        (2) in subsection (b)(1), by striking ``$5,000,000'' and all 
    that follows and inserting ``$12,500,000 for each of the fiscal 
    years 2008 through 2011'';
        (3) in subsection (c)--
            (A) in paragraph (1)--
                (i) by striking ``2004, 2005, 2006, and 2007'' each 
            place it appears and inserting ``2008 through 2011''; and
                (ii) in subparagraph (B), by adding at the end the 
            following: ``To carry out the purposes of section 
            107(a)(1)(F), there are authorized to be appropriated to 
            the Secretary of State $1,000,000 for each of the fiscal 
            years 2008 through 2011.'';
            (B) by striking paragraph (2);
            (C) by redesignating paragraph (3) as paragraph (2); and
            (D) in paragraph (2), as redesignated--
                (i) by striking ``section 104'' and inserting 
            ``sections 116(f) and 502B(h) of the Foreign Assistance Act 
            of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2151n(f) and 2304(h))''; and
                (ii) by striking ``, including the preparation'' and 
            all that follows and inserting a period;
        (4) in subsection (d)--
            (A) in the first sentence, by striking ``$5,000,000'' and 
        all that follows through ``2007'' and inserting ``$10,000,000 
        for each of the fiscal years 2008 through 2011''; and
            (B) in the second sentence, by striking ``2004, 2005, 2006, 
        and 2007'' and inserting ``2008 through 2011'';
        (5) in subsection (e)--
            (A) in paragraph (1), by striking ``$5,000,000'' and all 
        that follows and inserting ``$15,000,000 for each of the fiscal 
        years 2008 through 2011.'';
            (B) in paragraph (2)--
                (i) by striking ``section 109'' and inserting ``section 
            134 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 
            2152d)''; and
                (ii) by striking ``$5,000,000'' and all that follows 
            and inserting ``$15,000,000 for each of the fiscal years 
            2008 through 2011.''; and
            (C) in paragraph (3), by striking ``$300,000'' and all that 
        follows and inserting ``$2,000,000 for each of the fiscal years 
        2008 through 2011.'';
        (6) in subsection (f), by striking ``$5,000,000'' and all that 
    follows and inserting ``$10,000,000 for each of the fiscal years 
    2008 through 2011.'';
        (7) in subsection (h), by striking ``fiscal year 2006'' and 
    inserting ``each of the fiscal years 2008 through 2011''; and
        (8) in subsection (i), by striking ``2006 and 2007'' and 
    inserting ``2008 through 2011''.
    SEC. 302. TRAFFICKING VICTIMS PROTECTION REAUTHORIZATION ACT OF 
      2005.
    The Trafficking Victims Protection Reauthorization Act of 2005 
(Public Law 109-164) is amended--
        (1) in section 102(b)(7), by striking ``2006 and 2007'' and 
    inserting ``2008 through 2011'';
        (2) in section 201(c)--
            (A) in paragraph (1), by striking ``$2,500,000 for each of 
        the fiscal years 2006 and 2007'' each place it appears and 
        inserting ``$1,500,000 for each of the fiscal years 2008 
        through 2011''; and
            (B) in paragraph (2), by striking ``2006 and 2007'' and 
        inserting ``2008 through 2011'';
        (3) in section 202(d), by striking ``$10,000,000 for each of 
    the fiscal years 2006 and 2007'' and inserting ``$8,000,000 for 
    each of the fiscal years 2008 through 2011'';
        (4) in section 203(g), by striking ``2006 and 2007'' and 
    inserting ``2008 through 2011''; and
        (5) in section 204(d), by striking ``$25,000,000 for each of 
    the fiscal years 2006 and 2007'' and inserting ``$20,000,000 for 
    each of the fiscal years 2008 through 2011''.
    SEC. 303. RULE OF CONSTRUCTION.
    The amendments made by sections 301 and 302 may not be construed to 
affect the availability of funds appropriated pursuant to the 
authorizations of appropriations under the Trafficking Victims 
Protection Act of 2000 (division A of Public Law 106-386; 22 U.S.C. 
7101 et seq.) and the Trafficking Victims Protection Reauthorization 
Act of 2005 (Public Law 109-164) before the date of the enactment of 
this Act.
    SEC. 304. TECHNICAL AMENDMENTS.
    (a) Trafficking Victims Protection Act of 2000.--Sections 103(1) 
and 105(d)(7) of the Trafficking Victims Protection Act of 2000 (22 
U.S.C. 7102(1) and 7103(d)(7)) are each amended by striking ``Committee 
on International Relations'' each place it appears and inserting 
``Committee on Foreign Affairs''.
    (b) Trafficking Victims Protection Reauthorization Act of 2005.--
Section 102(b)(6) and subsections (c)(2)(B)(i) and (e)(2) of section 
104 of the Trafficking Victims Protection Reauthorization Act of 2005 
(Public Law 109-164) are amended by striking ``Committee on 
International Relations'' each place it appears and inserting 
``Committee on Foreign Affairs''.

                  TITLE IV--CHILD SOLDIERS PREVENTION

    SEC. 401. SHORT TITLE.
    This title may be cited as the ``Child Soldiers Prevention Act of 
2008''.
    SEC. 402. DEFINITIONS.
    In this title:
        (1) Appropriate congressional committees.--The term 
    ``appropriate congressional committees'' means--
            (A) the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate;
            (B) the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate;
            (C) the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of 
        Representatives; and
            (D) the Committee on Appropriations of the House of 
        Representatives.
        (2) Child soldier.--Consistent with the provisions of the 
    Optional Protocol to the Convention of the Rights of the Child, the 
    term ``child soldier''--
            (A) means--
                (i) any person under 18 years of age who takes a direct 
            part in hostilities as a member of governmental armed 
            forces;
                (ii) any person under 18 years of age who has been 
            compulsorily recruited into governmental armed forces;
                (iii) any person under 15 years of age who has been 
            voluntarily recruited into governmental armed forces; or
                (iv) any person under 18 years of age who has been 
            recruited or used in hostilities by armed forces distinct 
            from the armed forces of a state; and
            (B) includes any person described in clauses (ii), (iii), 
        or (iv) of subparagraph (A) who is serving in any capacity, 
        including in a support role such as a cook, porter, messenger, 
        medic, guard, or sex slave.
    SEC. 403. SENSE OF CONGRESS.
    It is the sense of Congress that--
        (1) the United States Government should condemn the 
    conscription, forced recruitment, or use of children by 
    governments, paramilitaries, or other organizations;
        (2) the United States Government should support and, to the 
    extent practicable, lead efforts to establish and uphold 
    international standards designed to end the abuse of human rights 
    described in paragraph (1);
        (3) the United States Government should expand ongoing services 
    to rehabilitate recovered child soldiers and to reintegrate such 
    children back into their respective communities by--
            (A) offering ongoing psychological services to help such 
        children--
                (i) to recover from the trauma suffered during their 
            forced military involvement;
                (ii) to relearn how to interact with others in 
            nonviolent ways so that such children are no longer a 
            danger to their respective communities; and
                (iii) by taking into consideration the needs of girl 
            soldiers, who may be at risk of exclusion from disarmament, 
            demobilization, and reintegration programs;
            (B) facilitating reconciliation with such communities 
        through negotiations with traditional leaders and elders to 
        enable recovered abductees to resume normal lives in such 
        communities; and
            (C) providing educational and vocational assistance;
        (4) the United States should work with the international 
    community, including, as appropriate, third country governments, 
    nongovernmental organizations, faith-based organizations, United 
    Nations agencies, local governments, labor unions, and private 
    enterprises--
            (A) to bring to justice rebel and paramilitary forces that 
        kidnap children for use as child soldiers;
            (B) to recover those children who have been abducted; and
            (C) to assist such children to be rehabilitated and 
        reintegrated into their respective communities;
        (5) the Secretary of State, the Secretary of Labor, and the 
    Secretary of Defense should coordinate programs to achieve the 
    goals described in paragraph (3);
        (6) United States diplomatic missions in countries in which the 
    use of child soldiers is an issue, whether or not such use is 
    supported or sanctioned by the governments of such countries, 
    should include in their mission program plans a strategy to achieve 
    the goals described in paragraph (3);
        (7) United States diplomatic missions in countries in which 
    governments use or tolerate child soldiers should develop 
    strategies, as part of annual program planning--
            (A) to promote efforts to end such abuse of human rights; 
        and
            (B) to identify and integrate global best practices, as 
        available, into such strategies to avoid duplication of effort; 
        and
        (8) in allocating or recommending the allocation of funds or 
    recommending candidates for programs and grants funded by the 
    United States Government, United States diplomatic missions should 
    give serious consideration to those programs and candidates that 
    are expected to promote the end to the abuse of human rights 
    described in this section.
    SEC. 404. PROHIBITION.
    (a) In General.--Subject to subsections (b), (c), and (d), the 
authorities contained in section 516 or 541 of the Foreign Assistance 
Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2321j or 2347) or section 23 of the Arms Export 
Control Act (22 U.S.C. 2763) may not be used to provide assistance to, 
and no licenses for direct commercial sales of military equipment may 
be issued to, the government of a country that is clearly identified, 
pursuant to subsection (b), for the most recent year preceding the 
fiscal year in which the authorities or license would have been used or 
issued in the absence of a violation of this title, as having 
governmental armed forces or government-supported armed groups, 
including paramilitaries, militias, or civil defense forces, that 
recruit and use child soldiers.
    (b) Identification and Notification to Countries in Violation of 
Standards.--
        (1) Publication of list of foreign governments.--The Secretary 
    of State shall include a list of the foreign governments that have 
    violated the standards under this title and are subject to the 
    prohibition in subsection (a) in the report required under section 
    110(b) of the Trafficking Victims Protection Act of 2000 (22 U.S.C. 
    7107(b)).
        (2) Notification of foreign countries.--The Secretary of State 
    shall formally notify any government identified pursuant to 
    subsection (a).
    (c) National Interest Waiver.--
        (1) Waiver.--The President may waive the application to a 
    country of the prohibition in subsection (a) if the President 
    determines that such waiver is in the national interest of the 
    United States.
        (2) Publication and notification.--Not later than 45 days after 
    each waiver is granted under paragraph (1), the President shall 
    notify the appropriate congressional committees of the waiver and 
    the justification for granting such waiver.
    (d) Reinstatement of Assistance.--The President may provide to a 
country assistance otherwise prohibited under subsection (a) upon 
certifying to the appropriate congressional committees that the 
government of such country--
        (1) has implemented measures that include an action plan and 
    actual steps to come into compliance with the standards outlined in 
    section 404(b); and
        (2) has implemented policies and mechanisms to prohibit and 
    prevent future government or government-supported use of child 
    soldiers and to ensure that no children are recruited, conscripted, 
    or otherwise compelled to serve as child soldiers.
    (e) Exception for Programs Directly Related To Addressing the 
Problem of Child Soldiers or Professionalization of the Military.--
        (1) In general.--The President may provide assistance to a 
    country for international military education, training, and 
    nonlethal supplies (as defined in section 2557(d)(1)(B) of title 
    10, United States Code) otherwise prohibited under subsection (a) 
    upon certifying to the appropriate congressional committees that--
            (A) the government of such country is taking reasonable 
        steps to implement effective measures to demobilize child 
        soldiers in its forces or in government-supported 
        paramilitaries and is taking reasonable steps within the 
        context of its national resources to provide demobilization, 
        rehabilitation, and reintegration assistance to those former 
        child soldiers; and
            (B) the assistance provided by the United States Government 
        to the government of such country will go to programs that will 
        directly support professionalization of the military.
        (2) Limitation.--The exception under paragraph (1) may not 
    remain in effect for a country for more than 5 years.
    SEC. 405. REPORTS.
    (a) Investigation of Allegations Regarding Child Soldiers.--United 
States missions abroad shall thoroughly investigate reports of the use 
of child soldiers.
    (b) Information for Annual Human Rights Reports.--In preparing 
those portions of the annual Human Rights Report that relate to child 
soldiers under sections 116 and 502B of the Foreign Assistance Act of 
1961 (22 U.S.C. 2151n(f) and 2304(h)), the Secretary of State shall 
ensure that such reports include a description of the use of child 
soldiers in each foreign country, including--
        (1) trends toward improvement in such country of the status of 
    child soldiers or the continued or increased tolerance of such 
    practices; and
        (2) the role of the government of such country in engaging in 
    or tolerating the use of child soldiers.
    (c) Annual Report to Congress.--If, during any of the 5 years 
following the date of the enactment of this Act, a country is notified 
pursuant to section 404(b)(2), or a wavier is granted pursuant to 
section 404(c)(1), the President shall submit a report to the 
appropriate congressional committees not later than June 15 of the 
following year. The report shall include--
        (1) a list of the countries receiving notification that they 
    are in violation of the standards under this title;
        (2) a list of any waivers or exceptions exercised under this 
    title;
        (3) justification for any such waivers and exceptions; and
        (4) a description of any assistance provided under this title 
    pursuant to the issuance of such waiver.
    SEC. 406. TRAINING FOR FOREIGN SERVICE OFFICERS.
    Section 708 of the Foreign Service Act of 1980 (22 U.S.C. 4028) is 
amended by adding at the end the following:
    ``(c) The Secretary of State, with the assistance of other relevant 
officials, shall establish as part of the standard training provided 
for chiefs of mission, deputy chiefs of mission, and other officers of 
the Service who are or will be involved in the assessment of child 
soldier use or the drafting of the annual Human Rights Report 
instruction on matters related to child soldiers, and the substance of 
the Child Soldiers Prevention Act of 2008.''.
    SEC. 407. EFFECTIVE DATE; APPLICABILITY.
    This title, and the amendments made by this title, shall take 
effect 180 days after the date of the enactment of this Act.

                               Speaker of the House of Representatives.

                            Vice President of the United States and    
                                               President of the Senate.