III 109th CONGRESS 2d Session S. CON. RES. 76 IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES January 20, 2006 Mr. Coleman (for himself, Mr. Schumer, Mr. Lautenberg, Mr. Allen, Mr. DeWine, Mr. Brownback, Mr. Nelson of Nebraska, Mr. Nelson of Florida, and Mrs. Feinstein) submitted the following concurrent resolution; which was referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations CONCURRENT RESOLUTION Condemning the Government of Iran for its flagrant violations of its obligations under the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty, and calling for certain actions in response to such violations.

Whereas the Government of Iran concealed a nuclear program from the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) and the international community for nearly two decades until it was revealed in 2002; Whereas the Government of Iran has repeatedly deceived the IAEA about a variety of nuclear-related activities, including uranium enrichment and laboratory-scale separation of plutonium; Whereas the Government of Iran recently removed IAEA seals from a uranium enrichment facility at Natanz and announced the resumption of research on nuclear fuel in a brazen affront to the international community; Whereas members of the international community have agreed that the pursuit of uranium enrichment capabilities comprises a red line for United Nations Security Council referral that has now been unequivocally crossed by Iran; Whereas this provocation represents only the latest action by the Government of Iran in a long pattern of intransigence relating to its nuclear program, including its violation of an October 2003 agreement with the United Kingdom, Germany, and France (the EU-3) only months after the agreement was signed, its unilateral violation of the 2004 agreement with the EU-3 to suspend its enrichment program (commonly known as the Paris Agreement), its failure to provide IAEA inspectors access to various nuclear sites, and its refusal to answer outstanding questions related to its nuclear program; Whereas the regime in Iran has made clear the nefarious intentions behind its nuclear program in a series of inflammatory and reprehensible statements, including calling for Israel to be wiped off the map at a conference titled A World without Zionism and asserting that the Holocaust was a myth and that Israel should be transferred to Europe; Whereas previous activities of the regime, including the sponsorship of terrorist groups such as Hezbollah, Hamas, and Islamic Jihad through the provision of funding, training, weapons, and safe haven and the destabilization of neighboring countries such as Iraq, Israel, and Lebanon, indicate that a nuclear-armed Iran would pose an unprecedented threat to the national security of the United States; Whereas the Director General of the IAEA, Mohamed El Baradei, has publicly stated that once the Government of Iran perfects its capability to produce nuclear material and completes a parallel weaponization program, it would be only months away from building a nuclear bomb; Whereas the Institute for Science and International Security, a Washington, D.C., nonproliferation advocacy group, released a January 2, 2006, satellite photograph showing extensive new construction at the Natanz facility; Whereas the IAEA Board of Governors passed a resolution on September 24, 2005, indicating that Iran's noncompliance with its IAEA obligations would result in the referral of Iran to the United Nations Security Council under Article XII.C of the Statute of the IAEA; Whereas each member of the EU-3, the leading partner of the United States in diplomatic efforts regarding Iran's nuclear program, has publicly stated its intention to refer Iran to the United Nations Security Council and called for an extraordinary meeting of the IAEA Board of Governors on February 2, 2006; Whereas the Governments of China and Russia have expressed agreement with the United States and the EU-3 that the Government of Iran has violated its commitments to the IAEA; Whereas China and Russia sit on the United Nations Security Council, and their cooperation would be required to enact any substantive Security Council measures against the Government of Iran; and Whereas the Government of Iran has demonstrated no interest in Russia's offer to enrich Iran's uranium feedstock into power plant fuel on Russian territory, further demonstrating its aversion to compromise: Now, therefore, be it

That Congress— (1)categorically condemns the Government of Iran for its flagrant violations of its obligations under the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons, done at Washington, London, and Moscow July 1, 1968, and entered into force March 5, 1970 (commonly referred to as the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty); (2)calls for the immediate suspension of all uranium enrichment activities of the Government of Iran; (3)supports calls for an emergency meeting of the Board of Governors of the IAEA for the purpose of immediately referring Iran to the United Nations Security Council; (4)calls on all nuclear suppliers to cease immediately cooperation with Iran on nuclear materials, equipment, and technology; and (5)calls on the Governments of Russia and China to demonstrate that they are responsible stakeholders in the international community by supporting efforts to refer Iran to the United Nations Security Council and by taking appropriate measures in response to Iran's violations of its commitments under the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty.