109 HR 5043 IH: Restoring America’s Competitiveness Act of 2006
U.S. House of Representatives
2006-03-29
text/xml
EN
Pursuant to Title 17 Section 105 of the United States Code, this file is not subject to copyright protection and is in the public domain.
1.Short title; table of contents
(a)This Act may be cited as the Restoring America’s Competitiveness Act of 2006
.
(b)The table of contents for this Act is as follows:
Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents.
Title I—Implementing a 21st Century Strategic Trade Policy for the United States
Sec. 101. National Commission on International Economic Policy.
Sec. 102. ITC reports on trade agreements.
Sec. 103. Negotiating objectives regarding trade remedy laws.
Sec. 104. Consultations and assessments regarding trade Agreements.
Sec. 105. Effective date.
Title II—American Manufacturing Competitiveness
Sec. 201. Affirmation of negotiating objective on border taxes.
Sec. 202. Presidential certification; application of U.S. countervailing duty law.
Title III—Dispute Settlement
Subtitle A—Congressional Advisory Commission on WTO Dispute Settlement
Sec. 301. Congressional findings and purpose.
Sec. 302. Establishment of Commission.
Sec. 303. Duties of the Commission.
Sec. 304. Powers of the Commission.
Sec. 305. Definitions.
Sec. 306. Effective date.
Subtitle B—Participation in WTO Panel Proceedings
Sec. 311. Participation in WTO panel proceedings.
Sec. 312. Definitions.
Subtitle C—Trade Dispute Functions
Sec. 321. Responsibility of USTR.
Title IV—Subsidies
Sec. 401. Application of countervailing duties to nonmarket economy countries.
Sec. 402. Clarification to include exchange-rate manipulation as countervailable subsidy under title VII of the Tariff Act of 1930.
Sec. 403. ITC study of subsidies by People’s Republic of China.
Title V—Strengthening U.S. Unfair Trade Laws
Subtitle A—Determination of Dumping
Sec. 501. Polling of industry support in antidumping cases.
Sec. 502. New shipper bonding privilege.
Sec. 503. Prevention of circumvention.
Sec. 504. Absorption of antidumping duties.
Sec. 505. Absorption of antidumping duties in sunset review.
Sec. 506. Export price and constructed export price.
Sec. 507. Nonmarket economy methodology.
Sec. 508. Adjustment of constructed values for imputed credit costs.
Sec. 509. Determinations on the basis of facts available.
Subtitle B—Determination of Subsidization
Sec. 521. Countervailable subsidy.
Subtitle C—Determination of Material Injury
Sec. 531. Period to determine material injury.
Sec. 532. Captive production.
Sec. 533. Price.
Sec. 534. Vulnerability of industry; cumulation.
Sec. 535. Causal relationship between imports and injury.
Sec. 536. Perishable agricultural products.
Sec. 537. Antidumping cases against the European Union.
Sec. 538. Verification by the commission.
Subtitle D—General Provisions
Sec. 541. Determination of cash deposit rates.
Sec. 542. Exchange of information between and among agencies.
Sec. 543. Liquidation of certain entries.
Sec. 544. Assistant Attorney General for Trade Law Enforcement.
Subtitle E—Effective Date
Sec. 551. Effective date.
Title VI—Safeguard amendments
Subtitle A—Safeguards in General
Sec. 601. Amendments to chapter 1 of title II of the Trade Act of 1974.
Subtitle B—Fair Trade with China
Sec. 611. Clarification of standard for Presidential action on ITC finding of market disruption.
Subtitle C—Report on Doha Round
Sec. 621. Report.
Title VII—Miscellaneous provisions
Sec. 701. Construction.
Sec. 702. Application to goods from Canada and Mexico.
<enum>I</enum><header>Implementing a 21st Century Strategic Trade Policy for the United States</header>
<section id="HDFEDC2FF3EEB4A73A94086BCF7CCCBB6"><enum>101.</enum><header>National Commission on International Economic Policy</header>
<subsection id="H3121A0373A1341A390D0452212A9AC00"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Establishment</header><text>There is established a commission to be known as the <quote>National Commission on International Economic Policy</quote> (in this section referred to as the <quote>Commission</quote>).</text></subsection>
<subsection id="H5C97B4ABBCA74AA48BA7416CD000D9F1"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Responsibilities</header><text>The Commission shall prepare and submit to the Congress, not later than 12 months after the members of the Commission are first appointed, a report containing the Commission’s recommendations for a comprehensive trade negotiating strategy for the United States. In the report, the Commission shall address the following:</text>
<paragraph id="H8C51EED26F3A42D78C767F4900DD1DDF"><enum>(1)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Burgeoning United States trade deficits and their consequences for the United States and global economies.</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="H84C6204C8FA34A3397CBF4005B10E4DF"><enum>(2)</enum><text>Historically unprecedented levels of foreign holdings of United States debt arising out of the deficits, and the consequences of those levels for the United States and global economies.</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="H839E0F2159B34A53A15875000030D225"><enum>(3)</enum><text>New evidence and reports that increased trade alone does not increase standards of living in the United States or around the world.</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="HC547AB8366644DFA8CDEFF94D1E34E53"><enum>(4)</enum><text>The causes and impact of badly stalled multilateral trade negotiations and options for moving the negotiations to closure speedily.</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="H25017EEE98D14F59A9534FB1C6369A8"><enum>(5)</enum><text>Disturbing data that most of the world’s poorest countries account for a smaller share of world trade in 2006 than they did a generation ago.</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="H9C4F61FC940848A9ADEF0054FD7E21EF"><enum>(6)</enum><text>Challenges and new responsibilities facing more advanced developing countries.</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="HCD9E8B710C214B0F80D05E4EA6DCF248"><enum>(7)</enum><text>The impact of the People’s Republic of China on global trade flows.</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="HD90E71911602480A8FB829244B11945D"><enum>(8)</enum><text>The impact of unfair trade practices by the People’s Republic of China, including currency manipulation and subsidies.</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="HCE32B11659F941B3B4E22475F540E531"><enum>(9)</enum><text>The adequacy of existing international trade rules to address resurgent government industrial policies aborad, such as in the People’s Republic of China, the Russian Federation, and the European Union, and in sectors such as large commercial aircraft and commercial aircraft engines.</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="HCD8B55D453184DE5A8917218E6873912"><enum>(10)</enum><text>The decline of the United States manufacturing sector in general and employment in the United States manufacturing sector in particular.</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="HB370E123E33446449DDDC7B176F03C5C"><enum>(11)</enum><text>Outsourcing and temporary entry issues in the services sector.</text></paragraph></subsection>
<subsection id="H59EA0AB9BE204B7D801731EE9E567FD6"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Membership</header>
<paragraph id="HBB9526627D0D4F3FBF48BF0574ED4F26"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Appointment</header><text>The Commission shall be composed of 9 members, who shall be appointed as follows:</text>
<subparagraph id="H808363021B5F4821838C0209AF1CA978"><enum>(A)</enum><text>2 members shall be appointed by the Speaker of the House of Representatives.</text></subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="H46956A64E7924F3DA7D125D51150D210"><enum>(B)</enum><text>2 members shall be appointed by the minority leader of the House of Representatives.</text></subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="HFBA2B0972AC5493F8107474696D19642"><enum>(C)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">2 members shall be appointed by the majority leader of the Senate.</text></subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="H2128A11646F447F0928400FC629FA81E"><enum>(D)</enum><text>2 members shall be appointed by the minority leader of the Senate.</text></subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="H0AF261CCA5454F558705C77995DE31C1"><enum>(E)</enum><text>1 member, who shall be the chairperson of the Commission, shall be appointed by the other 8 members of the Commission.</text></subparagraph></paragraph>
<paragraph id="HEA6318C0E792434AB5E615A1D4779C02"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Qualifications</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Members of the Commission shall be appointed from among persons who, because of their knowledge and experience, are leaders in the field of international trade and finance, including leaders in the fields of labor, business, nongovernmental organizations, and academia. Members shall be appointed without regard to political affiliation and solely on the basis of their fitness to perform the duties of the Commission.</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="H444FA8757B844093B24D281E2925B8A2" display-inline="no-display-inline"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Date</header><text>The appointments of the initial members of the Commission shall be made not later than 30 days after the date of the enactment of this Act.</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="H76847E297C484B2FA3172FF7EC80FF7F" display-inline="no-display-inline"><enum>(4)</enum><header>Period of appointment; vacancies</header>
<subparagraph id="H61CCF2C9799C49E9A8200001B51412B8"><enum>(A)</enum><header>In general</header><text>Members of the Commission shall each be appointed for the life of the Commission.</text></subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="H60C61574719844F9B4B33467FE28A9EC"><enum>(B)</enum><header>Vacancies</header><text>Any vacancy on the Commission shall not affect its powers, but shall be filled in the same manner as the original appointment was made and shall be subject to the same conditions as the original appointment.</text> </subparagraph></paragraph></subsection>
<subsection id="H240461428792440AA5C111C3328F4FCB"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Initial meeting</header><text>Not later than 30 days after the date on which all members of the Commission have been appointed, the Commission shall hold its first meeting.</text></subsection>
<subsection id="H036CD2538F654BCA00D3BCD12B00A2"><enum>(e)</enum><header>Meetings</header><text>The Commission shall meet at the call of the Chairperson.</text></subsection>
<subsection id="HEF772CE0679941C4940027FCA3B5920"><enum>(f)</enum><header>Quorum</header><text>A majority of the members of the Commission shall constitute a quorum, but a lesser number of members may hold hearings.</text></subsection>
<subsection id="H1D468966D82248B4801F5D3E70178213"><enum>(g)</enum><header>Funding</header><text>Members of the Commission shall be allowed travel expenses, including per diem in lieu of subsistence at rates authorized for employees of agencies under subchapter I of <external-xref legal-doc="usc-chapter" parsable-cite="usc-chapter/5/57">chapter 57</external-xref> of title 5, United States Code, while away from their homes or regular places of business in the performance of services for the Commission.</text></subsection>
<subsection id="HEC7B38D0E0A74F8A9D3C5F6D60515CF0"><enum>(h)</enum><header>Information from Federal agencies and departments</header>
<paragraph id="H53EECDF2DF604C3E84F9AD1C8E2E76D7"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In general</header><text>The Commission may secure directly from any Federal department or agency such information as the Commission considers necessary to carry out the provisions of this section. Upon the request of the chairperson of the Commission, the head of such department or agency shall furnish the information requested to the Commission in a timely manner.</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="HD0045D1DB8A64F089478DD398D53B7E1"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Confidentiality</header><text>The Commission shall protect from disclosure any document or information submitted to it by a department or agency of the United States which the agency or department requests be kept confidential. The Commission shall not be considered to be an agency for purposes of <external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/5/552">section 552</external-xref> of title 5, United States Code.</text></paragraph></subsection>
<subsection id="H8137B02162F14205877B29366EE005B6" display-inline="no-display-inline"><enum>(i)</enum><header>Hearings</header><text>The Commission may hold such hearings as the Commission considers necessary to carry out its functions.</text></subsection>
<subsection id="HDC5EED860B084B8795CBE6588FEF99F"><enum>(j)</enum><header>Termination of Commission</header><text>The Commission shall terminate 30 days after the date on which it submits its report to the Congress under subsection (b).</text></subsection>
<subsection id="H6C9C2302F4DD45EFB600195D915E1600"><enum>(k)</enum><header>Authorization of appropriations</header><text>There are authorized to be appropriated such sums as may be necessary to carry out this section.</text></subsection></section>
<section id="H4766E0A469F2464190F1598B00A921B"><enum>102.</enum><header>ITC reports on trade agreements</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">Section 2104 of the Bipartisan Trade Promotion Authority Act of 2002 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/19/3804">19 U.S.C. 3804</external-xref>) is amended—</text>
<paragraph id="H26F4CBC454264520A511AC2700AAE2E"><enum>(1)</enum><text>by redesignating subsection (f) as subsection (g); and</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="H3EC350820D424F0F89651C0275655F80"><enum>(2)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">by inserting after subsection (e) the following new subsection:</text>
<quoted-block style="OLC" id="H7665872BE60E4336B8FC95DB254D345" display-inline="no-display-inline">
<subsection id="H59086534D6794CB3ACB6820974F52DC5"><enum>(f)</enum><header>Reports by ITC</header>
<paragraph id="H08D816F207664901B6B5FB18026BDB71"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Prior to negotiations</header><text>At least 120 days before initiating negotiations with respect to any agreement that is subject to the provisions of section 2103(b), the President shall notify the International Trade Commission of the proposed negotiations. The Commission shall, by not later than the end of that 120-day period, prepare and submit to the Congress a comprehensive report on the effects the proposed agreement may have on industries in the United States, both in terms of effects of increased imports into the United States and benefits of potential increases in exports of products and services of the United States to foreign countries that would be parties to the agreement.</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="H998C977E47D143A1BC18C8B28714A00"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Subsequent reports</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The International Trade Commission shall prepare and submit to the Congress reports on the effects of any agreement subject to the provisions of section 2103(b) that is entered into pursuant to the negotiations on which a report is submitted under paragraph (1), both in terms of effects of increased imports into the United States and benefits of increased exports of products and services of the United States to foreign countries that are parties to the agreement. Reports under this paragraph shall be submitted to the Congress not later than 1 year, 3 years, 5 years, and 10 years after the agreement is entered into.</text></paragraph></subsection><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block> </paragraph> </section>
<section id="HFE2D6FD9B8B1442F99F410A197F6005B" display-inline="no-display-inline" section-type="subsequent-section"><enum>103.</enum><header>Negotiating objectives regarding trade remedy laws</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">Section 2102(b)(14) of the Trade Act of 2002 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/19/3801">19 U.S.C. 3801(b)</external-xref>) is amended by adding at the end the following flush sentence:</text>
<quoted-block style="OLC" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H51B3801378794F76B97D00B83300CB89">
<quoted-block-continuation-text quoted-block-continuation-text-level="subsection">In order to carry out subparagraph (A), the United States Trade Representative should not agree to any proposal, whether in the context of a trade agreement entered into under the auspices of the World Trade Organization, or a free trade agreement with another country or group of countries, that would, either individually or in combination with other proposals, weaken existing United States trade remedy laws contained in title VII of the <act-name parsable-cite="TA30">Tariff Act of 1930</act-name> or chapter 1 of title II of the <act-name parsable-cite="TA74">Trade Act of 1974</act-name>, including any proposal that would make obtaining relief under those provisions more difficult, uncertain, or costly for domestic industries to achieve or maintain over time.</quoted-block-continuation-text><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block> </section>
<section id="H5C6462BFE4D1411CA9AA9372D6204256"><enum>104.</enum><header>Consultations and assessments regarding trade Agreements</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">Section 2104(d)(3)(A) of the Trade Act of 2002 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/19/3804">19 U.S.C. 3804(d)(3)(A)</external-xref>) is amended—</text>
<paragraph id="HBBD1FF20C08E41739D8DF9A98E4EFC49"><enum>(1)</enum><text>in clause (i), by striking <quote>and</quote> after the semicolon;</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="HEEA4B9DC86994F81A8C344B0D5927353"><enum>(2)</enum><text>in clause (ii), by striking the period and inserting a semicolon; and</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="HC4E9173DBE5F403C00436CCCC4CB731D"><enum>(3)</enum><text>by adding after clause (ii) the following:</text>
<quoted-block id="HBD847771876E46328167E3BA31C302F0">
<clause id="H9C578818EA4D4478963EA6777E448340"><enum>(iii)</enum><text>with respect to each specific proposal that could require amendments to title VII of the <act-name parsable-cite="TA30">Tariff Act of 1930</act-name> or chapter 1 of title II of the <act-name parsable-cite="TA74">Trade Act of 1974</act-name>, whether and to what extent the proposal would, either individually or in combination with other proposals, make obtaining relief under these provisions more difficult, uncertain, or costly for domestic industries to achieve or maintain over time; and</text></clause>
<clause id="HBEF97918DCC94ACDBD4965158094E0BF"><enum>(iv)</enum><text>for each specific proposal that the President reports would not (whether individually or in combination with other proposals) make obtaining relief under title VII of the <act-name parsable-cite="TA30">Tariff Act of 1930</act-name> or chapter 1 of title II of the <act-name parsable-cite="TA74">Trade Act of 1974</act-name> more difficult, uncertain, or costly for domestic industries to achieve or maintain over time, a detailed explanation providing the basis for this conclusion.</text></clause><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block></paragraph></section>
<section id="H901E831E37E545B08E4328EC6E9D600" display-inline="no-display-inline" section-type="subsequent-section"><enum>105.</enum><header>Effective date</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">The amendments made by this title take effect on the date of the enactment of this Act.</text></section>
<enum>II</enum><header>American Manufacturing Competitiveness</header>
<section id="H9DEF94AA10B149A6A7007DD2F06E3C88"><enum>201.</enum><header>Affirmation of negotiating objective on border taxes</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">The Congress reaffirms the negotiating objective relating to border taxes set forth in section 2102(b)(15) of the Trade Act of 2002 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/19/3802">19 U.S.C. 3802(b)(15)</external-xref>.</text></section>
<section id="HD5365192CFA8440085AE375EB516B669"><enum>202.</enum><header>Presidential certification; application of U.S. countervailing duty law</header>
<subsection id="HCA6625D2EFE24F778DB54C70A47FDA47"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Certification by the President</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">If by January 1, 2008, the President does not certify to the Congress that, under the Agreement on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures or subsequent agreement of the World Trade Organization, the full or partial exemption, remission, or deferral specifically related to exports of direct taxes is treated in the same manner as the full or partial exemption, remission, or deferral specifically related to exports of indirect taxes, then as of January 1, 2008, the Secretary of Commerce, in any investigation conducted under subchapter A of title VII of the Tariff Act of 1930 to determine whether a countervailable subsidy is being provided with respect to a product of a country that provides the full or partial exemption, remission, or deferral specifically related to exports of indirect taxes on products exported from that country, shall treat as a countervailable subsidy the full or partial exemption, remission, or deferral specifically related to exports of indirect taxes paid on that product.</text></subsection>
<subsection id="HA456E5FA02D64E238D0062B845AE643E"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Definitions</header><text>In this section:</text>
<paragraph id="H2A0D10E00564435DAFE483C87F9F53DC"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Agreement on subsidies and countervailing measures</header><text>The term <quote>Agreement on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures</quote> means the agreement referred to in section 101(d)(12) of the Uruguay Round Agreements Act (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/19/3511">19 U.S.C. 3511(d)(12)</external-xref>).</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="H1F75C961EBDB4A1FB49E26CD76D2B230"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Direct taxes</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The term <quote>direct taxes</quote> means taxes on wages, profits, interest, rents, royalties, and all other forms of income, and taxes on the ownership of real property.</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="H6C2FA4BE5FBB46699B6E25792DC581AB"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Import charges</header><text>The term <quote>import charges</quote> means tariffs, duties, and other fiscal charges that are levied on imports.</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="HEF434F2CBD984A28A8D084C3AFCE4720"><enum>(4)</enum><header>Indirect taxes</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The term <quote>indirect taxes</quote> means sales, excise, turnover, value added, franchise, stamp, transfer, inventory, and equipment taxes, border taxes, and all taxes other than direct taxes and import charges.</text> </paragraph>
<paragraph id="H654B16909B55490B91C1CB9BC221FC9C"><enum>(5)</enum><header>Full or partial exemption, remission, or deferral specifically related to exports of direct taxes</header><text>The term <quote>full or partial exemption, remission, or deferral specifically related to exports of direct taxes</quote> means direct taxes that are paid to the United States Government by a business concern and are fully or partially exempted, remitted, or deferred by the Government by reason of the export by that business concern of its products from the United States.</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="HB64E3A051269464BA2BE425C17254CCD"><enum>(6)</enum><header>Full or partial exemption, remission, or deferral specifically related to exports of indirect taxes</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The term <quote>full or partial exemption, remission, or deferral specifically related to exports of indirect taxes</quote> means indirect taxes that are paid to the government of a country by a business concern and are fully or partially exempted, remitted, or deferred by that government by reason of the export by that business concern of its products from that country.</text></paragraph></subsection>
<subsection id="HF38414480F5F447D81C59100F95C6EEE"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Effective period</header>
<paragraph id="H8E7A18250E914350A3F6CE2324BD0606"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In general</header><text>Subsection (a) shall cease to be effective on the date on which the President makes a certification described in subsection (a).</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="H1ADDA8442294468E972EBFA6E2BAA4C"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Termination of cvd orders</header><text>Any countervailing duty order that is issued pursuant to an investigation conducted under subsection (a) and is still in effect on the date described in paragraph (1) shall terminate on that date.</text></paragraph></subsection></section>
<enum>III</enum><header>Dispute Settlement</header>
<subtitle id="H465C1CF0C4C440A4A99883D80500F747"><enum>A</enum><header>Congressional Advisory Commission on WTO Dispute Settlement</header>
<section id="H050D89ED33FD4684A886A4B8A2A4D7B1"><enum>301.</enum><header>Congressional findings and purpose</header>
<subsection id="H8D47656BD43747DD8220A111CB50AEB5"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Findings</header><text>The Congress finds the following:</text>
<paragraph id="HF0986F4D9E52487BB9AAD7980017C100"><enum>(1)</enum><text>The United States joined the World Trade Organization as an original member with the goal of creating an improved global trading system and providing expanded economic opportunities for United States workers, farmers, and businesses.</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="H0332124CFDAB4E5381EDCAA616009889"><enum>(2)</enum><text>The dispute settlement rules of the WTO were created to enhance the likelihood that governments will observe their WTO obligations.</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="H4BB07D75037D44A298CA7E4CEF7906FE"><enum>(3)</enum><text>These dispute settlement rules help ensure that the United States can reap the full benefits of its participation in the WTO.</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="H870F35D521BD4601B36D9DB6C3A2B4D6"><enum>(4)</enum><text>Successful operation of the WTO dispute settlement system was critical to congressional approval of the Uruguay Round Agreements and is critical to continued support by the United States for the WTO. In particular, it is imperative that dispute settlement panels and the Appellate Body—</text>
<subparagraph id="H47AA84721F0947FD00C02F4597065FFA"><enum>(A)</enum><text>operate with fairness and in an impartial manner;</text></subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="H8C500E5C1AC64F36938E37D440C368C2"><enum>(B)</enum><text>strictly observe the terms of reference and any applicable standard of review set forth in the Uruguay Round Agreements; and</text></subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="HBAED5938380A42CAA402D8213B6CC7C"><enum>(C)</enum><text>not add to the obligations, or diminish the rights, of WTO members under the Uruguay Round Agreements in violation of Articles 3.2 and 19.2 of the Dispute Settlement Understanding.</text></subparagraph></paragraph>
<paragraph id="H25760E2A81AE431CA068548F66DD98B3"><enum>(5)</enum><text>An increasing number of reports by dispute settlement panels and the Appellate Body have raised serious concerns within the Congress about the ability of the WTO dispute settlement system to operate in accordance with paragraph (4).</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="HB1D17104AB60468DA03B1C4015BBDD2B"><enum>(6)</enum><text>In particular, several reports of dispute settlement panels and the Appellate Body have added to the obligations and diminished the rights of WTO members, particularly under the Agreement on Implementation of Article VI of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade 1994, the Agreement on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures, and the Agreement on Safeguards.</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="H1541900660AA42C5BAEF0032AE6E989F"><enum>(7)</enum><text>In order to come into compliance with reports of dispute settlement panels and the Appellate Body that have been adopted by the Dispute Settlement Body, the Congress may need to amend or repeal statutes of the United States. In such cases, the Congress must have a high degree of confidence that the reports are in accordance with paragraph (4).</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="H5E0281721BCB4D5EBD567E0498A6DB27"><enum>(8)</enum><text>The Congress needs impartial, objective, and juridical advice to determine the appropriate response to reports of dispute settlement panels and the Appellate Body.</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="H4B659C06E1894CC484D8EDE53746A809"><enum>(9)</enum><text>The United States remains committed to the multilateral, rules-based trading system.</text></paragraph></subsection>
<subsection id="HD65E3E03A67A44EFBCF5CEA657BF400"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Purpose</header><text>It is the purpose of this subtitle to provide for the establishment of the Congressional Advisory Commission on WTO Dispute Settlement to provide objective and impartial advice to the Congress on the operation of the dispute settlement system of the World Trade Organization.</text></subsection></section>
<section id="HBBD0ED385CC2457286B8AC908551C144"><enum>302.</enum><header>Establishment of Commission</header>
<subsection id="H5FA032A91F564A4C85AE2D19A689AD72"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Establishment</header><text>There is established a commission to be known as the Congressional Advisory Commission on WTO Dispute Settlement (in this subtitle referred to as the <quote>Commission</quote>).</text></subsection>
<subsection id="H364CAB69B15A48EABAD8EEFB6CDD0D7"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Membership</header>
<paragraph id="HA10DAE6D73384DEF85F7261D9678D5E"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Composition</header><text>The Commission shall be composed of 5 members, all of whom shall be judges or former judges of the Federal judicial circuits and shall be appointed by the Speaker of the House of Representatives and the President pro tempore of the Senate after considering the recommendations of the Chairman and ranking member of the Committee on Finance of the Senate and the Chairman and ranking member of the Committee on Ways and Means of the House of Representatives. Commissioners shall be chosen without regard to political affiliation and solely on the basis of each Commissioner’s fitness to perform the duties of a Commissioner.</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="H64BD5C00BB664ADABDD2008F1B706048"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Date</header><text>The appointments of the initial members of the Commission shall be made not later than 90 days after the date of the enactment of this Act.</text></paragraph></subsection>
<subsection id="H2D5A6ACD9C444C4AB0BF00B370A74141"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Period of appointment; vacancies</header>
<paragraph id="HF342D7BCB41C48AAADDD15AF001DA902"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In general</header><text>Members of the Commission shall each be appointed for a term of 5 years, except that of the members first appointed, 3 members shall be appointed for terms of 3 years.</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="H0E28431B488C45A7A06185D62BBCB7F"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Vacancies</header>
<subparagraph id="H7E464CB1416546CF8300A544099FF561"><enum>(A)</enum><header>In general</header><text>Any vacancy on the Commission shall not affect its powers, but shall be filled in the same manner as the original appointment was made and shall be subject to the same conditions as the original appointment.</text></subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="H4E91A10566D6450B9FEB3BEFB8A13555"><enum>(B)</enum><header>Unexpired term</header><text>An individual chosen to fill a vacancy shall be appointed for the unexpired term of the member replaced.</text></subparagraph></paragraph></subsection>
<subsection id="HB2682839FA16400290DDE9A818A60012"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Initial meeting</header><text>Not later than 30 days after the date on which all members of the Commission have been appointed, the Commission shall hold its first meeting.</text></subsection>
<subsection id="HA9B0400E00EC4C37B2C759F305DAC95"><enum>(e)</enum><header>Meetings</header><text>The Commission shall meet at the call of the Chairperson.</text></subsection>
<subsection id="HD894553AD80341E890B0BF51B384EA6"><enum>(f)</enum><header>Quorum</header><text>A majority of the members of the Commission shall constitute a quorum, but a lesser number of members may hold hearings.</text></subsection>
<subsection id="HFB6A066DA18A4FC79B160499C452CF2"><enum>(g)</enum><header>Chairperson and Vice Chairperson</header><text>The Commission shall select a Chairperson and Vice Chairperson from among its members.</text></subsection>
<subsection id="H83D4A77534FA4340965B646752C4B878"><enum>(h)</enum><header>Funding</header><text>Members of the Commission shall be allowed travel expenses, including per diem in lieu of subsistence at rates authorized for employees of agencies under subchapter I of <external-xref legal-doc="usc-chapter" parsable-cite="usc-chapter/5/57">chapter 57</external-xref> of title 5, United States Code, while away from their homes or regular places of business in the performance of services for the Commission.</text></subsection> </section>
<section id="H0362B2D9EC8149F88BEDEE69ECAACCC"><enum>303.</enum><header>Duties of the Commission</header>
<subsection id="H39CED808220B4E328F9528584DB427B9"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Advising Congress on the operation of the WTO dispute settlement system</header>
<paragraph id="H11BC55E0FF4046CD00687EABA8A80069"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In general</header><text>The Commission shall review—</text>
<subparagraph id="H3055ABF9DBFB432E94371F00C95DA010"><enum>(A)</enum><text>all adverse reports of dispute settlement panels and the Appellate Body which are—</text>
<clause id="H5E764D27935445ACB145C75323022E97"><enum>(i)</enum><text>adopted by the Dispute Settlement Body; and</text></clause>
<clause id="H1BD84A15427341D4ABD474004BC869E6"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>the result of a proceeding initiated against the United States by a WTO member; and</text></clause></subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="H3432851955BD4078AD8181F29CB4B0C1"><enum>(B)</enum><text>upon the request of the Committee on Ways and Means of the House of Representatives or the Committee on Finance of the Senate—</text>
<clause id="H0ED5BBD7951A48EEA4A3F12C5CF2593F"><enum>(i)</enum><text>any adverse report of a dispute settlement panel or the Appellate Body—</text>
<subclause id="HC7CBD638569E4C27BC2FC482DDBE2FF7"><enum>(I)</enum><text>which is adopted by the Dispute Settlement Body; and</text></subclause>
<subclause id="H36E36129988C4D80BCC9A0CFED92C4D8"><enum>(II)</enum><text>in which the United States is a complaining party; or</text></subclause></clause>
<clause id="HC756A9504A2948C7BF6B2DEA046B8CB8"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>any other finding which is contained in a report of a dispute settlement panel or the Appellate Body that is adopted by the Dispute Settlement Body.</text></clause></subparagraph></paragraph>
<paragraph id="H18F160F0480E43F3B6DCDA669F633B17"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Scope of review</header><text>The Commission shall advise the Congress in connection with each adverse finding or other finding under paragraph (1) (B) only whether—</text>
<subparagraph id="HC84AEA96658D4A759C793BFF33A03052"><enum>(A)</enum><text>the dispute settlement panel or the Appellate Body, as the case may be—</text>
<clause id="H3C033AC71FE34E3EB0F4C7BFF51945C"><enum>(i)</enum><text>exceeded its authority or its terms of reference;</text></clause>
<clause id="H087F4A91F32947B0B4B82203D59D5700"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>added to the obligations, or diminished the rights, of the United States under the Uruguay Round Agreement which is the subject of the finding;</text></clause>
<clause id="H6913347F5D604896A9FB469F096BABD5"><enum>(iii)</enum><text>acted arbitrarily or capriciously, engaged in misconduct, or demonstrably departed from the procedures specified for panels and the Appellate Body in the applicable Uruguay Round Agreement; and</text></clause>
<clause id="H7AEDA1C0E25848709491DD5C30488C93"><enum>(iv)</enum><text>deviated from the applicable standard of review, including in antidumping, countervailing duty, and other unfair trade remedy cases, the standard of review set forth in Article 17.6 of the Agreement on Implementation of Article VI of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade 1994; and</text></clause></subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="HE0246F27CFDA4C11BB408C2621625309"><enum>(B)</enum><text>the finding is consistent with the original understanding by the United States of the Uruguay Round Agreement that is the subject of the finding as explained in the statement of administrative action approved under section 101(a) of the Uruguay Round Agreements Act (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/19/3511">19 U.S.C. 3511(a)</external-xref>).</text></subparagraph></paragraph>
<paragraph id="HCB27C301A1B64AE79F43DBD1E20030A5"><enum>(3)</enum><header>No deference</header><text>Applying the standards set forth in paragraph (2) requires that the Commission not accord deference to findings of law made by the dispute settlement panel or the Appellate Body, as the case may be.</text></paragraph></subsection>
<subsection id="H83B1EA3DA89B43399642F02600418DA0"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Determination; report</header>
<paragraph id="H0AAF2F905F964FB0BD808ED1755393B4"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Determination</header>
<subparagraph id="HED7217D8359F4B5A8DDD2CF179548188"><enum>(A)</enum><header>In general</header><text>Not later than 150 days after the date on which the Commission receives notice of a report or request under section 304(b), the Commission shall make a written determination with respect to the matters described in paragraph (2) of subsection (a), including a full analysis of the basis for its determination. A vote by a majority of the members of the Commission shall constitute a determination of the Commission, although the members need not agree on the basis for their vote.</text></subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="HCB1F719D25CF455B8EEE63AC0019A9F1"><enum>(B)</enum><header>Dissenting or concurring opinions</header><text>Any member of the Commission who disagrees with a determination of the Commission or who concurs in such a determination on a basis different from that of the Commission or other members of the Commission, may write an opinion expressing such disagreement or concurrence, as the case may be.</text></subparagraph></paragraph>
<paragraph id="H03C1D90ECE744DA682F13BC78956E859"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Report</header><text>The Commission shall promptly report the determinations described in paragraph (1)(A) to the Committee on Ways and Means of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Finance of the Senate. The Commission shall include with the report any opinions written under paragraph (1)(B) with respect to the determination.</text></paragraph></subsection>
<subsection id="H748A431B75AB4D6CB3AB3CB401B82B0"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Availability to the public</header><text>Each report of the Commission under subsection (b)(2), together with the opinions included with the report, shall be made available to the public.</text></subsection></section>
<section id="H8C3124F79B314F4D9E4099208998BBCE"><enum>304.</enum><header>Powers of the Commission</header>
<subsection id="HE9A884D8DBC84BF28DDBCAEBE49A74C"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Hearings</header><text>The Commission may hold a public hearing to solicit views concerning a report of a dispute settlement panel or the Appellate Body described in section 303(a)(1), if the Commission considers such hearing to be necessary to carry out the purpose of this subtitle. The Commission shall provide reasonable notice of a hearing held pursuant to this subsection.</text></subsection>
<subsection id="H90545D32AA554951ACD3D949CF73C900"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Information from interested parties and Federal agencies</header>
<paragraph id="HCC75473DD78D402AA7479217DC12D1E8"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Notice to Commission</header>
<subparagraph id="HFA40066BC7F04B62ACBE31CC69C15E00"><enum>(A)</enum><header>Under section <enum-in-header>303(a)(1)</enum-in-header><enum-in-header>(A)</enum-in-header></header><text>The Trade Representative shall advise the Commission not later than 5 business days after the date the Dispute Settlement Body adopts a report of a panel or the Appellate Body that is to be reviewed by the Commission under section 303(a)(1)(A).</text></subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="HAB5FDBCDE7B74F859BEDE0805D392D3B"><enum>(B)</enum><header>Under section <enum-in-header>303(a)(1)</enum-in-header><enum-in-header>(B)</enum-in-header></header><text>The Committee on Ways and Means or the Committee on Finance, as the case may be, may make and notify the Commission of a request under section 303(a)(1)(B) not later than 1 year after the Dispute Settlement Body adopts the report that is the subject of the request.</text></subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="H46EA61E487DE4AE7A4EE1D904DD6C93"><enum>(C)</enum><header>Reports adopted prior to appointment of Commission</header><text>With respect to any report to which section 303(a)(1)(B) applies and that is adopted before the date on which the first members of the Commission are appointed under section 302(b)(2), the Committee on Ways and Means or the Committee on Finance, as the case may be, may make and notify the Commission of a request under section 303(a)(1)(B) with respect to that report not later than 1 year after the date on which the first members of the Commission are appointed under section 302(b)(2).</text></subparagraph></paragraph>
<paragraph id="H0453CAFA3F5C4258B568F5F66321E357"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Submissions and requests for information</header>
<subparagraph id="H264C2E73CB1B41F0AF396959AF4C92CA"><enum>(A)</enum><header>In general</header><text>The Commission shall promptly publish in the Federal Register notice of the notice received under paragraph (1) from the Trade Representative, the Committee on Ways and Means, or the Committee on Finance, as the case may be, along with notice of an opportunity for interested parties to submit written comments to the Commission. The Commission shall make comments submitted pursuant to the preceding sentence available to the public.</text></subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="H7D4392718A7047B3BBE027007C00FF3C"><enum>(B)</enum><header>Information from Federal agencies and departments</header><text>The Commission may also secure directly from any Federal department or agency such information as the Commission considers necessary to carry out the provisions of this subtitle. Upon the request of the chairperson of the Commission, the head of such department or agency shall furnish the information requested to the Commission in a timely manner.</text></subparagraph></paragraph>
<paragraph id="H6F77F1B7923E481C83EFF0BB536CA1FB"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Access to panel and Appellate Body documents</header>
<subparagraph id="HEAA20B0FEED74D81AFB200F200F2AE3B"><enum>(A)</enum><header>In general</header><text>The Trade Representative shall make available to the Commission all submissions and relevant documents relating to a report of a panel or the Appellate Body described in section 303(a)(1), including any information contained in such submissions identified by the provider of the information as proprietary information or information designated as confidential by a foreign government.</text></subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="HA0D8B65B71A546EBB73869335CF044C8"><enum>(B)</enum><header>Public access</header><text>Any document which the Trade Representative submits to the Commission shall be available to the public, except information which is identified as proprietary or confidential or the disclosure of which would otherwise violate the rules of the WTO.</text></subparagraph></paragraph></subsection>
<subsection id="H1AD83A5EA84C42BAB1D7DAFF8C32400"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Assistance from Federal agencies; confidentiality</header>
<paragraph id="H035B35974741471C8D35F0D1D4958F67"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Administrative assistance</header><text>Any agency or department of the United States that is designated by the President shall provide administrative services, funds, facilities, staff, or other support services to the Commission to assist the Commission with the performance of the Commission’s functions.</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="HEB2E43B68A2741C495E72E97F4A2C308"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Confidentiality</header><text>The Commission shall protect from disclosure any document or information submitted to it by a department or agency of the United States which the agency or department requests be kept confidential. The Commission shall not be considered to be an agency for purposes of <external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/5/552">section 552</external-xref> of title 5, United States Code.</text></paragraph></subsection></section>
<section id="HFDEB4A664BEC4D6B9EFDC0011AB9EB4"><enum>305.</enum><header>Definitions</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">In this subtitle:</text>
<paragraph id="H78E25C416A6E4D0C8984036464099B15"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Adverse finding</header><text>The term <term>adverse finding</term> means—</text>
<subparagraph id="H25C81D3AB1E34707AD7BC5746B24777"><enum>(A)</enum><text>in a proceeding of a panel or the Appellate Body that is initiated against the United States, a finding by the panel or the Appellate Body that any law or regulation of, or application thereof by, the United States, or any State, is inconsistent with the obligations of the United States under a Uruguay Round Agreement (or nullifies or impairs benefits accruing to a WTO member under such an Agreement); or</text></subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="H101DF7770F4E4080951202E19F0069E4"><enum>(B)</enum><text>in a proceeding of a panel or the Appellate Body in which the United States is a complaining party, any finding by the panel or the Appellate Body that a measure of the party complained against is not inconsistent with that party’s obligations under a Uruguay Round Agreement (or does not nullify or impair benefits accruing to the United States under such an Agreement).</text></subparagraph></paragraph>
<paragraph id="H8C1AE0E7AF1F4B909D1CEBF2F33C8C61"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Appellate Body</header><text>The term <term>Appellate Body</term> means the Appellate Body established by the Dispute Settlement Body pursuant to Article 17.1 of the Dispute Settlement Understanding.</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="H39AB18D0E2874E49A935375F32DCCFA5"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Dispute Settlement Body</header><text>The term <term>Dispute Settlement Body</term> means the Dispute Settlement Body established pursuant to the Dispute Settlement Understanding.</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="HB325B676843A419700D75EE5A526C18E"><enum>(4)</enum><header>Dispute settlement panel; panel</header><text>The terms <term>dispute settlement panel</term> and <term>panel</term> mean a panel established pursuant to Article 6 of the Dispute Settlement Understanding.</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="HE1490C584C45430AA6E9B8D035BBF23"><enum>(5)</enum><header>Dispute Settlement Understanding</header><text>The term <term>Dispute Settlement Understanding</term> means the Understanding on Rules and Procedures Governing the Settlement of Disputes referred to in section 101(d)(16) of the Uruguay Round Agreements Act (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/19/3511">19 U.S.C. 3511(d)(16)</external-xref>).</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="H28F41951EFB24543A70044BF57FD2CF4"><enum>(6)</enum><header>Terms of reference</header><text>The term <term>terms of reference</term> has the meaning given that term in the Dispute Settlement Understanding.</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="H1B5C9BAF51AB482595B960AAE9074392"><enum>(7)</enum><header>Trade Representative</header><text>The term <term>Trade Representative</term> means the United States Trade Representative.</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="HC02D152C18A2420391216B13C0B4C0B0"><enum>(8)</enum><header>Uruguay Round Agreement</header><text>The term <term>Uruguay Round Agreement</term> means any of the Agreements described in section 101(d) of the Uruguay Round Agreements Act.</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="H188FD25EA1F74F53AF5FBD6BF9769B04"><enum>(9)</enum><header>World Trade Organization; WTO</header><text>The terms <term>World Trade Organization</term> and <term>WTO</term> mean the organization established pursuant to the WTO Agreement.</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="HC741BAB2576A4A1CAF4378196D1481A7"><enum>(10)</enum><header>WTO Agreement</header><text>The term <term>WTO Agreement</term> means the Agreement Establishing the World Trade Organization entered into on April 15, 1994.</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="H9D0E31C8832B4836A4F2E787EB378B9D"><enum>(11)</enum><header>WTO member</header><text>The term <term>WTO member</term> has the meaning given that term in section 2(10) of the Uruguay Round Agreements Act (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/19/3501">19 U.S.C. 3501(10)</external-xref>).</text></paragraph></section>
<section id="HCE648BAA0D5545F79DE68138C29C6296"><enum>306.</enum><header>Effective date</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">This subtitle shall take effect on the date of the enactment of this Act.</text></section></subtitle>
<subtitle id="H3D8F6BC25140402F9CEF78FAFB35D3AC"><enum>B</enum><header>Participation in WTO Panel Proceedings</header>
<section id="HBD4841EA6B1D474CA413268423EC1376"><enum>311.</enum><header>Participation in WTO panel proceedings</header>
<subsection id="HCC3B57DC7483432C9F5CDDF8680017DC"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In general</header><text>If the United States Trade Representative, in proceedings before a dispute settlement panel or the Appellate Body of the WTO, seeks—</text>
<paragraph id="HF82D4F1A02134BD494F5658E911C67DD"><enum>(1)</enum><text>to enforce United States rights under a multilateral trade agreement, or</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="H69D47BC66A144E0D975FD495BEAE26C4"><enum>(2)</enum><text>to defend a challenged action or determination of the United States Government,</text></paragraph><continuation-text continuation-text-level="subsection">a private United States person that is supportive of the United States Government’s position before the panel or Appellate Body and that has a direct economic interest in the panel’s or Appellate Body’s resolution of the matters in dispute shall be permitted to participate in consultations and panel proceedings. The Trade Representative shall issue regulations, consistent with subsections (b) and (c), ensuring full and effective participation by any such private person.</continuation-text></subsection>
<subsection id="H725D8117BEF14ABA9809AD8E3D67A953"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Access to information</header><text>The United States Trade Representative shall make available to persons described in subsection (a) all information presented to or otherwise obtained by the Trade Representative in connection with a WTO dispute settlement proceeding. The United States Trade Representative shall promulgate regulations implementing a protective order system to protect information designated by the submitting member as confidential.</text></subsection>
<subsection id="HFB3878DEDAA341A58E7CF54149CDED26"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Participation in panel process</header><text>Upon request from a person described in subsection (a), the United States Trade Representative shall—</text>
<paragraph id="H849C98A9C8E446D0AB4627DF18739584"><enum>(1)</enum><text>consult in advance with such person regarding the content of written submissions from the United States to the WTO panel concerned or to the other member countries involved;</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="H487CE4CD7B8249F7955DA10037BCAEF8"><enum>(2)</enum><text>include, if appropriate, such person or its appropriate representative as an advisory member of the delegation in sessions of the dispute settlement panel;</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="H6B56A4F8DF6341ABB06602E395DBA340"><enum>(3)</enum><text>allow such special delegation member, if such member would bring special knowledge to the proceeding, to appear before the panel, directly or through counsel, under the supervision of responsible United States Government officials; and</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="H939197D81CCD4C35AC5F9849634DA940"><enum>(4)</enum><text>in proceedings involving confidential information, allow the appearance of such person only through counsel as a member of the special delegation.</text></paragraph></subsection></section>
<section id="H102F4A5B67EE470CB14CC669A6B616D3"><enum>312.</enum><header>Definitions</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline"> In this subtitle:</text>
<paragraph id="H8B4EFF3A6ED74DDF936B92C15D795779"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Appellate body</header><text>The term <quote>Appellate Body</quote> means the Appellate Body established under Article 17.1 of the Dispute Settlement Understanding.</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="H4AF90F1035AE4488A3DA6E8D00C52783"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Dispute settlement panel; panel</header><text>The terms <quote>dispute settlement panel</quote> and <quote>panel</quote> mean a panel established pursuant to Article 6 of the Dispute Settlement Understanding.</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="HE30CB5C530AF4F4FBABAE6CBC27D497"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Dispute settlement understanding</header><text>The term <quote>Dispute Settlement Understanding</quote> means the Understanding on Rules and Procedures Governing the Settlement of Disputes referred to in section 101(d)(16) of the Uruguay Round Agreements Act.</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="HCCD1E0236C374AF997C454D7B9C188BE" display-inline="no-display-inline"><enum>(4)</enum><header>United States person</header><text>The term <term>United States person</term> means—</text>
<subparagraph id="HE210B5A8BD09406FB2C01CF5E3BFE7A4"><enum>(A)</enum><text>a United States citizen or an alien admitted for permanent residence into the United States; and</text></subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="H8580F69C4A594213B72869FCFD3CE7"><enum>(B)</enum><text>a corporation, partnership, or other legal entity organized under the laws of the United States or of any State, the District of Columbia, or any commonwealth, territory, or possession of the United States.</text></subparagraph></paragraph>
<paragraph id="H2301E40ADE48488B8D469FE06DC841D3"><enum>(5)</enum><header>WTO</header><text>The term <quote>WTO</quote> means the organization established pursuant to the WTO Agreement.</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="H028B7AD6F9634DCB82741700AC00EBA7"><enum>(6)</enum><header>WTO agreement</header><text>The term <quote>WTO Agreement</quote> means the Agreement Establishing the World Trade Organization entered into on April 15, 1994.</text></paragraph></section></subtitle>
<subtitle id="H2F92BD638B784D46B11E8FF61D5DE77D"><enum>C</enum><header>Trade Dispute Functions</header>
<section id="HAA3B784623334812A0FA5405FA598787"><enum>321.</enum><header>Responsibility of USTR</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">Section 141(c)(1)(C) of the Trade Act of 1974 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/19/2171">19 U.S.C. 2171(c)(1)(C)</external-xref>) is amended—</text>
<paragraph id="HCD25C19D041B4CFDA39D72FAE5A045EF"><enum>(1)</enum><text>by striking <quote>(C)</quote> and inserting <quote>(C)(i)</quote>; and</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="H1CB78806C11C43C5879996F8E763BD2"><enum>(2)</enum><text>by adding at the end the following:</text>
<quoted-block style="OLC" id="H438D34D024A749429E1EE1E3AE6D125E" display-inline="no-display-inline">
<clause id="H700F5FC7C84A407281CD8097DD77B3CE" indent="up2"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>have lead responsibility for investigating, and representing the United States in, disputes before the World Trade Organization and disputes arising under other trade agreements to which the United States is a party;</text></clause><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block></paragraph></section> </subtitle>
<enum>IV</enum><header>Subsidies</header>
<section section-type="subsequent-section" id="H3982891368E3419E80F604E1EF3A85F" display-inline="no-display-inline"><enum>401.</enum><header>Application of countervailing duties to nonmarket economy countries</header>
<subsection id="H8D2929C38FB14D698744B1A684FBE098"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Section 701(a)(1) of the <act-name parsable-cite="TA30">Tariff Act of 1930</act-name> (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/19/1671">19 U.S.C. 1671(a)(1)</external-xref>) is amended by inserting <quote>(including a nonmarket economy country)</quote> after <quote>country</quote> each place it appears.</text></subsection>
<subsection id="H34BA007C862F482696275804742389D2"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Use of alternate methodologies</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Section 771(5)(E) of the Tariff Act of 1930 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/19/1677">19 U.S.C. 1677(5)(E)</external-xref>) is amended by adding at the end the following: <quote>If the administering authority, with respect to a nonmarket economy country, encounters special difficulties in calculating the amount of a benefit under clause (i), (ii), (iii), or (iv), the administering authority may use methodologies for identifying and measuring the subsidy benefit which take into account the possibility that prevailing terms and conditions in that country may not always be available as appropriate benchmarks.</quote>.</text></subsection>
<subsection id="HA7AD6BBBEF874D898B58854739FCCD06"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Effective date</header><text>The amendments made by subsections (a) and (b) apply to petitions filed under section 702 of the Tariff Act of 1930 on or after the date of the enactment of this Act.</text></subsection>
<subsection id="HC994F90A1F7B478CB2C2001818D51C5C"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Antidumping provisions not affected</header><text>The amendments made by subsections (a) and (b) shall not affect the status of a country as a nonmarket economy country for the purposes of any matter relating to antidumping duties under the Tariff Act of 1930.</text></subsection></section>
<section id="HC705955C0707431288A3C06E8B8A54E" display-inline="no-display-inline" section-type="subsequent-section"><enum>402.</enum><header>Clarification to include exchange-rate manipulation as countervailable subsidy under title VII of the Tariff Act of 1930</header>
<subsection id="H3DCEFDD75C3841D282652F4E8F8EEA"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Amendments to definition of countervailable subsidy</header><text>Section 771(5)(D) of the Tariff Act of 1930 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/19/1677">19 U.S.C. 1677(5)(D)</external-xref>) is amended—</text>
<paragraph id="HB0B34ED4F5504A5F886D47E183CC18ED" display-inline="no-display-inline"><enum>(1)</enum><text>by striking <quote>The term</quote> and inserting <quote>(i) The term</quote>;</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="H0735F2F5B34B497DB1BC15FEAA8F83E"><enum>(2)</enum><text>by redesignating clauses (i) through (iv) as subclauses (I) through (IV), respectively; and</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="H6CD556A28CE2423C9B96A4FCD27DAE36"><enum>(3)</enum><text>by adding at the end the following:</text>
<quoted-block style="OLC" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H19889923EAE04079948D967CB248B704">
<subparagraph id="H14FA3B33935A4240AAE76BC7F4339CFD"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>In addition to clause (i), the term <quote>provides a financial contribution</quote> means to engage in exchange-rate manipulation (as defined in paragraph (5C)).</text></subparagraph><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block></paragraph> </subsection>
<subsection id="H4444D0C9F25142AFAC00008FEA56B4B"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Definition of exchange-rate manipulation</header><text>Section 771 of the Tariff Act of 1930 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/19/1677">19 U.S.C. 1677</external-xref>) is amended by inserting after paragraph (5B) the following new paragraph:</text>
<quoted-block style="OLC" id="HBF4BED7E065A420B009CE906B7CE70D1" display-inline="no-display-inline">
<paragraph id="HDEC91D6BDFED4B17B37804E428CE6F00"><enum>(5C)</enum><header>Definition of exchange-rate manipulation</header>
<subparagraph id="HD8C3DBE85B6541F9B3C945E408C2661"><enum>(A)</enum><header>In general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">For purposes of paragraphs (5) and (5A), the term <quote>exchange-rate manipulation</quote> means protracted large-scale intervention by an authority to undervalue its currency in the exchange market that prevents effective balance-of-payments adjustment or that gains an unfair competitive advantage over any other country. </text></subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="H1604C7F346E04A5E9094AB461BE04C6"><enum>(B)</enum><header>Factors</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">In determining whether exchange-rate manipulation is occurring and a benefit thereby conferred, the administering authority in each case—</text>
<clause id="H3BAE506418A74D778ED66200307CFD37"><enum>(i)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">shall consider the exporting country’s—</text>
<subclause id="H2FCE6E633DC749BCA4DFFD001F8F9C8F"><enum>(I)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">bilateral balance-of-trade surplus or deficit with the United States;</text></subclause>
<subclause id="H844E63B88D1F4DD09096371E633B21CF"><enum>(II)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">balance-of-trade surplus or deficit with its other trading partners individually and in the aggregate;</text></subclause>
<subclause id="HEF24C2B851F14664AE11E8035DC6ADC3"><enum>(III)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">foreign direct investment in its territory;</text></subclause>
<subclause id="HB82800A5D6E843449F5914808517556B"><enum>(IV)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">currency-specific and aggregate amounts of foreign currency reserves; and</text></subclause>
<subclause id="H8AF2EFE873994EB9876D1D13B56B3C6F"><enum>(V)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">mechanisms employed to maintain its currency at a fixed exchange rate relative to another currency and, particularly, the nature, duration, monetary expenditures, and potential monetary expenditures of those mechanisms;</text></subclause></clause>
<clause id="H01DFFC52C6F3410B86385DCA466E8691"><enum>(ii)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">may consider such other economic factors as are relevant; and</text></clause>
<clause id="HFC694466F479499CB01288825F8F825B"><enum>(iii)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">shall measure the trade surpluses or deficits described in subclauses (I) and (II) of clause (i) with reference to the trade data reported by the United States and the other trading partners of the exporting country, unless such trade data are not available or are demonstrably inaccurate, in which case the exporting country’s trade data may be relied upon if shown to be sufficiently accurate and trustworthy.</text></clause></subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="HB7DE5A9D57D94B8BA4A2298D61925893"><enum>(C)</enum><header>Type of economy</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">An authority found to be engaged in exchange-rate manipulation may have either a market economy or a nonmarket economy or a combination thereof.</text></subparagraph></paragraph><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block></subsection> </section>
<section id="HC1382FE31D504ACBB5A597739C3BF4"><enum>403.</enum><header>ITC study of subsidies by People’s Republic of China</header>
<subsection id="HDD07CFE143B9495AAFD58CA12308DC3"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Investigation</header><text>The United States International Trade Commission shall conduct a study, under section 332 of the Tariff Act of 1930 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/19/1332">19 U.S.C. 1332</external-xref>), regarding how the People’s Republic of China uses government intervention to promote investment, employment, and exports. The study shall comprehensively catalog, and when possible quantify, the practices and policies that central, provincial, and local government bodies in the People’s Republic of China use to support and to attempt to influence decisionmaking in China’s manufacturing enterprises and industries. Chapters of this study shall include, but not be limited to, the following:</text>
<paragraph id="HEFDFB4303A92438B00DCDE6761DE299D"><enum>(1)</enum><text>Privatization and private ownership.</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="H6E9C7E18E0EF441BB22E7000E9F84800"><enum>(2)</enum><text>Nonperforming loans.</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="H6D9DA341A1EC4737BAB1C3F89E00E6B3"><enum>(3)</enum><text>Price coordination.</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="H41BA5C8C63C74E1D95896D85F512299F"><enum>(4)</enum><text>Selection of industries for targeted assistance.</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="H032A87DFB0CD49E5AAF5CFCBA62C77"><enum>(5)</enum><text>Banking and finance.</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="HDD4ACC67B03B4DB1A060AD55FDDFD23"><enum>(6)</enum><text>Utility rates.</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="H017165D64B6D43BAB0E494214AA18C5"><enum>(7)</enum><text>Infrastructure development.</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="HB7393B244C6841629669FA559C68A888"><enum>(8)</enum><text>Taxation.</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="H7769B4D95F79424AA622D4EEFC628400"><enum>(9)</enum><text>Restraints on imports and exports.</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="H8AB8B45A943B487080E135A04EEE8200"><enum>(10)</enum><text>Research and development.</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="H44835ED2D896421E9F141B5EE4383671"><enum>(11)</enum><text>Worker training and retraining.</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="HAF61705EEFAC4BF897292B9BFFA12F77"><enum>(12)</enum><text>Rationalization and closure of uneconomic enterprises.</text></paragraph></subsection>
<subsection id="HDC771E81CFFC4304AD7E8D973DE91CA4"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Timing of Reports on study</header><text>The Congress requests that—</text>
<paragraph id="H96BBF8EF63AB4E20A1047BAED4E04811"><enum>(1)</enum><text>not later than 9 months after the date of the enactment of this Act, the International Trade Commission complete its study under subsection (a) and submit a report on the study to the Committee on Ways and Means of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Finance of the Senate; and</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="H6090CC596279402393DCA82CE48BF801"><enum>(2)</enum><text>not later than 1 year after the report under paragraph (1) is submitted, and annually thereafter through 2016, the International Trade Commission prepare and submit to the committees referred to in paragraph (1) an update of the report.</text></paragraph></subsection></section>
<enum>V</enum><header>Strengthening U.S. Unfair Trade Laws</header>
<subtitle id="H26259F6CB9A84C43AC6D7063A9573D1C"><enum>A</enum><header>Determination of Dumping</header>
<section id="H1DE192ED722A4CE189B9AA3E4E00BBCD"><enum>501.</enum><header>Polling of industry support in antidumping cases</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">Section 732(c)(4)(D) of the Tariff Act of 1930 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/19/1673a">19 U.S.C. 1673a(c)(5)(D)</external-xref>) is amended by adding at the end the following flush sentences:</text>
<quoted-block style="OLC" id="H356F3735D8F84CBA98AB73291DDFD9B" display-inline="no-display-inline">
<quoted-block-continuation-text quoted-block-continuation-text-level="subparagraph">If a petitioner requests that polling be done because of the large number of producers, the administering authority shall obtain from relevant Federal agencies lists of producers that are compiled for other purposes, including reports of the Census Bureau and the United States Department of Agriculture, to permit such polling. If the agencies are unable or unwilling to supply such information because of privacy or other restrictions, the administering authority shall not poll the industry, but shall exercise its authority to initiate an investigation under subsection (a)(1) if the information in the petition otherwise warrants the initiation of such an investigation.</quoted-block-continuation-text><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block></section>
<section id="H42C95E3F72E44163A482510675E88634" display-inline="no-display-inline"><enum>502.</enum><header>New shipper bonding privilege</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline"> Section 751(a)(2)(B) of the Tariff Act of 1930 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/19/1675">19 U.S.C. 1675(a)(2)(B)</external-xref>) is amended—</text>
<paragraph id="HE651A1AF99B14C0D800500438F4F29CB"><enum>(1)</enum><text>by striking clause (iii); and</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="HEC139D9175354597B9E2F6CD53D20004"><enum>(2)</enum><text>by redesignating clause (iv) as clause (iii).</text></paragraph></section>
<section id="H054696F703A9499A80FB003BB964E95B"><enum>503.</enum><header>Prevention of circumvention</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">Section 781(c) of the <act-name parsable-cite="TA30">Tariff Act of 1930</act-name> (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/19/1677j">19 U.S.C. 1677j(c)</external-xref>) is amended by adding at the end the following new paragraph:</text>
<quoted-block act-name="Tariff" id="H5A8C729DDC684BA1A4AFEA9F2846FB9F">
<paragraph id="H4F774CDFA85E4DCF8CEE60C5874F7265"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Special rule</header><text>The administering authority shall apply paragraph (1) with respect to altered merchandise excluded from the merchandise description used in an outstanding order or finding, if such application is not inconsistent with the affirmative determination of the Commission on which the order or finding is based.</text></paragraph><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block></section>
<section id="HC38656C937EC4102AE083F189CFF12EA" display-inline="no-display-inline"><enum>504.</enum><header>Absorption of antidumping duties</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">Section 772(d)(1) of the <act-name parsable-cite="TA30">Tariff Act of 1930</act-name> (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/19/1677a">19 U.S.C. 1677a(d)(1)</external-xref>) is amended—</text>
<paragraph id="H832FE4E096444569A0B36999466C5141"><enum>(1)</enum><text>in subparagraph (C), by striking <quote>and</quote>;</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="H2CA02E20ADE64EA2B876CD412B2E2B8"><enum>(2)</enum><text>in subparagraph (D), by adding <quote>and</quote> after the semicolon; and</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="H8D3E487DBC56478E953261AEEC002CAF"><enum>(3)</enum><text>by adding at the end the following new subparagraph:</text>
<quoted-block style="OLC" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H9F6CA0374B474EF19700C8D500848B9B">
<subparagraph id="HE86C7707024649A6880720901FE2F1A9"><enum>(E)</enum><text>the amount of any antidumping duty determined to be due, unless evidence of record demonstrates that such duty will be paid by a purchaser not affiliated with the producer or exporter.</text></subparagraph><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block></paragraph></section>
<section id="H4DE79913D02645EF993590755B98EED8" display-inline="no-display-inline" section-type="subsequent-section"><enum>505.</enum><header>Absorption of antidumping duties in sunset review</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">Section 751(a)(4) of the Tariff Act of 1930 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/19/1675">19 U.S.C. 1675(a)(4)</external-xref>) is amended to read as follows:</text>
<quoted-block style="OLC" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H7FD5F63BC93646B0B32F0089D9F1155D">
<paragraph id="H35DED00FADB54FBF97E7003820717F46"><enum>(4)</enum><header>Absorption of antidumping duties</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">During any review under this subsection initiated—</text>
<subparagraph id="HCDBAB9BD7EED442A9DB78CA1773F03E"><enum>(A)</enum><text>2 years or 4 years after the publication of an antidumping duty order under section 736(a), or</text></subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="H737CDFE72F6849F28658369C81A5432E"><enum>(B)</enum><text>after publication of a determination under this section to continue an order or suspension agreement, </text></subparagraph><continuation-text continuation-text-level="paragraph">the administering authority, if requested, shall determine whether antidumping duties have been absorbed by a foreign producer or exporter subject to the order if the subject merchandise is sold in the United States through an importer who is affiliated with that foreign producer or exporter. The administering authority may make such a determination at its discretion, if requested, during a review initiated in any other year under this section. The administering authority shall notify the Commission of its findings regarding such duty absorption for the Commission to consider in conducting a review under subsection (c).</continuation-text></paragraph><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block> </section>
<section id="HF005C097805D4723BF6F38634C99E273" display-inline="no-display-inline"><enum>506.</enum><header>Export price and constructed export price</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">Section 772(c)(2)(A) of the <act-name parsable-cite="TA30">Tariff Act of 1930</act-name> (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/19/1677a">19 U.S.C. 1677a(c)(2)(A)</external-xref>) is amended by inserting <quote>(including countervailing duties imposed under this title to offset any nonexport subsidies)</quote> after <quote>duties</quote>.</text></section>
<section id="H5A9695D423C148739EA6137451BFFB46" display-inline="no-display-inline"><enum>507.</enum><header>Nonmarket economy methodology</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">Section 773(c)(4) of the Tariff Act of 1930 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/19/1677b">19 U.S.C. 1677b(c)(4)</external-xref>) is amended to read as follows:</text>
<quoted-block style="OLC" id="H36D71153BFB24151824D35B31975567F" display-inline="no-display-inline">
<paragraph id="H0C817BF9B1D647D681C311F6EDF01478"><enum>(4)</enum><header>Valuation of factors of production</header>
<subparagraph id="HFD1D2E376BC146BFA7A635D924F5E243"><enum>(A)</enum><header>In general</header><text>The administering authority, in valuing factors of production under paragraph (1), shall utilize, to the extent possible, the prices or costs of factors of production in one or more market economy countries that are—</text>
<clause id="HB551320BADD04B399F40765B1B2B33D9"><enum>(i)</enum><text>at a level of economic development comparable to that of the nonmarket economy country; and</text></clause>
<clause id="HD03FC0EB5CD945A69B0884AB26DEF199"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>significant producers of comparable merchandise.</text></clause><continuation-text continuation-text-level="subparagraph">In this paragraph, the term <quote>surrogate</quote> refers to the values, calculations, and market economy countries used under this subparagraph. </continuation-text></subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="H511A061AF4354D2A8B238DECAF5CB21D"><enum>(B)</enum><header>Valuing Materials used in production</header><text>In determining the value of materials used in production under subparagraph (A), the following applies:</text>
<clause id="H582C53FF322C4263A4713E7FE2A7701D"><enum>(i)</enum><text>The administering authority may use the value of inputs that are purchased from market economy suppliers and are not suspected of being dumped or subsidized, only for the quantity of such purchases.</text></clause>
<clause id="HCE58E4726BEC4B28846BB398EBC45DF1"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>All materials purchased or otherwise obtained from nonmarket economy countries shall be valued using surrogate values under subparagraph (A).</text></clause>
<clause id="H76643B06FA9940D693ED2DEC00545169"><enum>(iii)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">A purchased material shall be viewed as suspected of being subsidized if there are any affirmative findings by the United States or another WTO member of export subsidy programs in the supplying country.</text></clause>
<clause id="H82078420CC534C18A4968B58617973DC"><enum>(iv)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">A purchased material shall be viewed as suspected of being dumped if there are any affirmative findings by the United States or other WTO member of dumping in the general category of merchandise, or if information supplied by the petitioner or otherwise of record suggests significant underpricing to the purchaser in the nonmarket economy country.</text></clause>
<clause id="H9FB2E32B22314FE1A849A143FCF9FA6"><enum>(v)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Surrogate values for materials from a market economy country shall be disregarded as not reflective of prices in that surrogate market only if prices in that market are viewed as aberrational, such as a case in which prices undersell or exceed any reported price in that surrogate market by a large amount.</text></clause>
<clause id="HF341633C6F734C6D91DD893EEBF0584"><enum>(vi)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">There shall be a presumption that the administering authority will include all market prices from a surrogate market. Prices that are high or low shall be excluded only when it is demonstrated that the prices are not reflective of prices in the surrogate country for the relevant category of merchandise.</text></clause>
<clause id="HF99EE39A2ABF4BFE9F57FD09CF6989F9"><enum>(vii)</enum><text>If amounts pertaining to the cost of production of imports into a surrogate country from market economy suppliers are used for valuing the materials used, such amounts shall be valued on the basis of CIF (cost, insurance, and freight), plus duties paid, to provide a proxy for prices in the surrogate country competing with locally produced goods. Such values shall not be reduced by the import duties.</text></clause></subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="HE4B6BBF541EF4DD9AA5C24C80BB3746"><enum>(C)</enum><header>Valuing Labor</header>
<clause id="H1E99A3D4C9C74F9BBDB1FC4900CA8FAE"><enum>(i)</enum><text>The administering authority may use an average of wage rates for market economies, but shall ensure that labor rates used fully reflect all labor costs, including benefits, health care, and pension costs.</text></clause>
<clause id="H201216395D6849B89F11EE388F14D112"><enum>(ii)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Labor shall be the total labor employed by a nonmarket economy country producer or used by a nonmarket economy country producer in the overall business, with allocations to other merchandise produced or sold by that producer that is not subject merchandise.</text></clause>
<clause id="H94F4C6D8A257492D8897B4691895F2AA"><enum>(iii)</enum><text>Labor shall reflect the average labor for all other producers in the nonmarket economy country that are producing the particular merchandise subject to investigation or review, and shall not be limited to operations used for export.</text></clause></subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="H2713ADB41CCF43A296B8C9A5BE2684F7"><enum>(D)</enum><header>Valuing factory overhead, general selling and administrative expenses, and profit</header>
<clause id="H37D3FD788EEB4FA5A0BADDBA138F446D"><enum>(i)</enum><header>In general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The administering authority shall use the best information available with respect to likely values of factory overhead, general selling and administrative expenses, and profit from a surrogate country. If the values determined under subparagraphs (B) and (C) for materials used and labor consumed result in amounts that are demonstrably larger or smaller than the amounts used in determining surrogate ratios from financial or other reports from a surrogate country, adjustments shall be made to the ratios to reflect fully the level of such costs and profits in the surrogate country on a per item produced basis. </text></clause>
<clause id="H3551CF8503014AF792A7E6C9DD7D56B"><enum>(ii)</enum><header>Ratio defined</header><text>For purposes of this subparagraph, the term <quote>ratios</quote> means—</text>
<subclause id="H7A5C93DA6FF74D6990ABCEA65731FCAD"><enum>(I)</enum><text>the ratio of factory overhead to labor, materials, and energy;</text></subclause>
<subclause id="HA8ABB90804944B6700B76DDFEEC66900"><enum>(II)</enum><text>the ratio of general selling and administrative costs to factory overhead, labor, materials, and energy; and</text></subclause>
<subclause id="HCAD5006ED66D464791F67912B5D34FDB"><enum>(III)</enum><text>the ratio of profit to general selling and administrative costs, factory overhead, labor, materials, and energy.</text></subclause></clause></subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="H0CABF059BE2648F8AF8688F68CE4BEA"><enum>(E)</enum><header>Use of confidential information from a domestic producer in a surrogate country</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The administering authority shall generally use publicly available information to value factors of production, except that, in a case in which any foreign producer in the surrogate country used by the administering authority is willing to provide information on factors of production to produce the same class of merchandise and such information is subject to verification, the administering authority shall accept and use such information. The relationship of the foreign producer providing the information to a party to the proceeding shall not be a basis for disqualification.</text></subparagraph></paragraph><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block></section>
<section id="H084AD8D0044745DFB4D33800559F00DB" display-inline="no-display-inline"><enum>508.</enum><header>Adjustment of constructed values for imputed credit costs</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">Section 773(a)(8) of the Tariff Act of 1930 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/19/1677b">19 U.S.C. 1677b(a)(8)</external-xref>) is amended by inserting the following before the period: <quote>, except that constructed value may not be adjusted by deducting imputed credit expenses</quote>. </text></section>
<section id="H629CAEF69DC444E2AD002F99922CBEB9" display-inline="no-display-inline"><enum>509.</enum><header>Determinations on the basis of facts available</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">Section 776(a)(2)(B) of the Tariff Act of 1930 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/19/1677e">19 U.S.C. 1677e(a)(2)(B)</external-xref> is amended to read as follows: </text>
<quoted-block style="OLC" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H23D8EDAFF4844EA9A4D407BAE53D0CB">
<subparagraph id="HEB7B76C50B9A496995D100A74F1CA8F6"><enum>(B)</enum><text>fails to provide such information by the deadline for submission of the information or in the form and manner required, and in conformity with prior administering authority determinations in the proceeding and final judicial decisions in the proceeding, subject to subsections (c)(1) and (e) of section 782,</text></subparagraph><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block></section></subtitle>
<subtitle id="H3FB3AEC696E842309421B7019927DEFF"><enum>B</enum><header>Determination of Subsidization</header>
<section id="HA6CE3A3819624D8DB3337F8E69DE544"><enum>521.</enum><header>Countervailable subsidy</header>
<subsection id="HE6991396D4F94C1183E5EAA7A7F19217"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Definition of countervailable subsidy</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Section 771(5)(E) of the Tariff Act of 1930 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/19/1677">19 U.S.C. 1677(5)(E)</external-xref>), as amended by section 401(b) of this Act, is further amended by adding at the end the following: <quote>If there is a reasonable indication that a financial contribution by the provision of goods or services has distorted prices for those goods or services in the country that is subject to the investigation or review, or if data regarding such prices are otherwise unavailable, then the administering authority shall measure adequacy of remuneration by reference to data regarding prices for the same or a similar good or service from outside the country that is subject to the investigation or review. The administering authority shall adjust such data to the extent practicable to reflect prevailing market conditions in that country. If there is a reasonable indication that prices within a political subdivision, dependent territory, or possession of a foreign country are distorted, or data are not available, then the administering authority shall measure adequacy of remuneration in that political subdivision, dependent territory, or possession by reference to data from the most comparable area or region in which prices are not distorted, regardless of whether it is in the same country.</quote>. </text></subsection>
<subsection id="H5575806CA9EC49819B59D995F524B216"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Effective date</header><text>The amendment made by subsection (a) shall apply to any determination under section 705 or 751 of the Tariff Act of 1930 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/19/1671d">19 U.S.C. 1671d</external-xref>, 1675) that is made on or after January 1, 2002, including published determinations for which judicial or binational panel review has been initiated or completed pursuant to section 516A of that Act (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/19/1516a">19 U.S.C. 1516a</external-xref>). To the extent that the amendment made by subsection (a) may be relevant to any such determination that has already been made, the administering authority shall amend the determination and associated countervailing duty order to bring them into compliance with the amendment made by subsection (a), and shall undertake new administrative proceedings, if necessary, to do so.</text></subsection></section></subtitle>
<subtitle id="H1FA2F7E647F645EEA2D000F1C08E7C91"><enum>C</enum><header>Determination of Material Injury</header>
<section id="H309FBE42D5A842AB8FF463E625EF80D2"><enum>531.</enum><header>Period to determine material injury</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">Section 771(7)(A) of the Tariff Act of 1930 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/19/1677">19 U.S.C. 1677(7)(A)</external-xref>) is amended by adding at the end thereof the following: <quote>In cases other than critical circumstances, the Commission shall, in making its preliminary and final determinations of material injury under this title, select an appropriate period for evaluating the applicable statutory criteria up to the date on which the petition is filed or on which the administering authority initiates the investigation, as the case may be.</quote>. </text></section>
<section id="HFEA6AAC56F224C54997E05118CD0CF84"><enum>532.</enum><header>Captive production</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">Section 771(7)(C)(iv) of the <act-name parsable-cite="TA30">Tariff Act of 1930</act-name> (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/19/1677">19 U.S.C. 1677(7)(C)(iv)</external-xref>) is amended to read as follows:</text>
<quoted-block act-name="Tariff Act of 1930" id="H7A14D7F6BB3F4E23AA71ECA2641692B6">
<clause id="HA220D6B8AE9741C995FCEFB300585C19"><enum>(iv)</enum><header>Captive production</header><text>If domestic producers transfer internally, including to affiliated persons as defined in paragraph (33), significant production of the domestic like product for the production of a downstream article and sell significant production of the domestic like product in the merchant market, then the Commission, in determining market share and the factors affecting financial performance set forth in clause (iii), shall focus primarily on the merchant market for the domestic like product.</text></clause><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block></section>
<section id="HEFC6D31BC1E84D2E8599868B87D8F735" display-inline="no-display-inline"><enum>533.</enum><header>Price</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">Section 771(7)(C)(ii) of the <act-name parsable-cite="TA30">Tariff Act of 1930</act-name> (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/19/1677">19 U.S.C. 1677(7)(C)(ii)</external-xref>) is amended by adding at the end the following flush sentence:</text>
<quoted-block style="OLC" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H166530088C5E4952B40092394C3DE3A6">
<quoted-block-continuation-text quoted-block-continuation-text-level="clause">The Commission shall not conclude that imports of the subject merchandise do not have a significant effect on prices merely because of the volume of imports of the subject merchandise.</quoted-block-continuation-text><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block> </section>
<section id="H41FB93118F8B4E6DA73FD1267186718B"><enum>534.</enum><header>Vulnerability of industry; cumulation</header>
<subsection id="H4127CECFE3144F66915D92C7352CEF00"><enum>(a)</enum><text>Section 771(7)(C)(iii) of the <act-name parsable-cite="TA30">Tariff Act of 1930</act-name> (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/19/1677">19 U.S.C. 1677(7)(C)(iii)</external-xref>) is amended in the last sentence by striking the period at the end and inserting <quote>, including whether the industry is vulnerable to the effects of imports of the subject merchandise.</quote>.</text></subsection>
<subsection id="H4128CECFE3144F66915D92C7352CEF00"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Cumulation</header><text>Section 771(7)(G)(i) of the <act-name parsable-cite="TA30">Tariff Act of 1930</act-name> (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/19/1677">19 U.S.C. 1677(7)(G)(i)</external-xref>) is amended to read as follows:</text>
<quoted-block act-name="Tariff Act of 1930" id="H11CD3235EED54CCA84B7FFCE7D9D4992">
<subsection indent="down3" id="H1369F8112BE94B91AF5110239CCA11D0"><enum>(i)</enum><header>In general</header><text>For purposes of clauses (i) and (ii) of subparagraph (C), and subject to clause (ii), the Commission shall cumulatively assess the volume and effect of imports of the subject merchandise from all countries subject to petitions filed under section 702(b) or 732(b), or subject to investigations initiated under 702(a) or 732(a), if such petitions were filed, or such investigations were initiated, within 90 days before the date on which the Commission is required to make its final injury determination, and if such imports compete with each other and with the domestic like product in the United States market.</text></subsection><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block></subsection></section>
<section id="HAA760B6CFBB848269113EE16BFF5E605"><enum>535.</enum><header>Causal relationship between imports and injury</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">Section 771(7)(E)(ii) of the <act-name parsable-cite="TA30">Tariff Act of 1930</act-name> (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/19/1677">19 U.S.C. 1677(7)(E)(ii)</external-xref>) is amended by adding at the end the following: <quote>The Commission need not determine the significance of imports of the subject merchandise relative to other economic factors.</quote>.</text></section>
<section id="HC62A6B8AA50B41BAB1964EF7CB61AD38"><enum>536.</enum><header>Perishable agricultural products</header>
<subsection id="H7A61FC8E1BAF4467B18C872405642E10"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Definition of industries</header><text>Section 771(4)(A) of the <act-name parsable-cite="TA30">Tariff Act of 1930</act-name> (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/19/1677">19 U.S.C. 1677(4)(A)</external-xref>) is amended by adding at the end the following: <quote>If the Commission determines that an agricultural product has a short shelf life and is a perishable product, the Commission shall treat the producers of the product in a defined period or season as the domestic industry. If the subheading under the Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States for an agricultural product has a 6- or 8-digit classification based on the period of time during the calendar year in which the product is harvested or imported, such periods of time constitute a defined period or season for purposes of this paragraph.</quote>.</text></subsection>
<subsection id="HFA38E65292714A62AA71FF007600EDCD"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Determination of injury</header><text>Section 771(7)(D) of the <act-name parsable-cite="TA30">Tariff Act of 1930</act-name> (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/19/1677">19 U.S.C. 1677(7)(D)</external-xref>) is amended by adding at the end the following new clauses:</text>
<quoted-block act-name="Tariff Act of 1930" id="H32631EA5FB194BD2006993FECAA3425B">
<clause id="H9BD147D4AB584D4FA387C2B013F853FF"><enum>(iii)</enum><text>In the case of an agricultural industry involving a perishable product with a short shelf life, if a request for seasonal evaluation has been made by the petitioners, the Commission shall consider the factors under subparagraph (C) on a seasonal basis during the period identified as relevant.</text></clause>
<clause id="HDD5B10A5EC464BDEBD617B8205DC003E"><enum>(iv)</enum><text>In the case of agricultural products, partially picked or unpicked crops and abandoned acreage may be considered in lieu of other measures of capacity and capacity utilization.</text></clause>
<clause id="HFBEF6617BF744FBA85B8906B9B04051E"><enum>(v)</enum><text>The impact of other factors, such as weather, on agricultural production and producers shall not be weighed against the contribution of the imported subject merchandise to the condition of the domestic industry.</text></clause><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block></subsection></section>
<section id="HF4DCADC664664C94A961B33FDE1071C"><enum>537.</enum><header>Antidumping cases against the European Union</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">Section 771(3) of the Tariff Act of 1930 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/19/1677">19 U.S.C. 1677(3)</external-xref>) is amended by adding <quote>other than those involving the European Union</quote> after <quote>except for the purpose of antidumping proceedings</quote>.</text></section>
<section id="H37F8B4DE67334C508E6BAA2553FDB000"><enum>538.</enum><header>Verification by the commission</header>
<subsection id="HA83C8AAD059E465E9EBE47CDB1EA4EF"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Section 782 of the Tariff Act of 1930 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/19/1677m">19 U.S.C. 1677m</external-xref>) is amended by adding at the end the following:</text>
<quoted-block id="H0A8835227C38438B958B2DF47600FBDF" style="OLC">
<subsection id="H4B4E4FF199AA41C3BD582C3B40C73DEA"><enum>(j)</enum><header>Verification by the commission</header><text>The Commission shall verify information submitted by any foreign producer relied upon in making—</text>
<paragraph id="H606352C249D14120A167BF45A6DA2686"><enum>(1)</enum><text>a final determination in an investigation, and</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="H33AC33BD78FA46D28F0047B2D95C41E3"><enum>(2)</enum><text>a final determination in a review under section 751(c).</text></paragraph></subsection><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block></subsection>
<subsection id="HA85D1C64F3C7449FAD6EFA1500A5BBCE"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Effective date</header><text>The amendment made by subsection (a) shall apply with respect to any investigation or review that is pending on, or is commenced on or after, the date of the enactment of this Act.</text></subsection></section></subtitle>
<subtitle id="H2E6AEE699BDB4E64A57BC8EE7C5364B5"><enum>D</enum><header>General Provisions</header>
<section id="HE72B7B5795EF45E8A603760029E4F3D4"><enum>541.</enum><header>Determination of cash deposit rates</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">Section 751(a)(2)(C) of the Tariff Act of 1930 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/19/1675">19 U.S.C. 1675(a)(2)(C)</external-xref>) is amended by adding at the end the following: <quote>The ad valorem rate calculated for the assessment of duties shall be used as the ad valorem rate for deposits of estimated duties.</quote>. </text></section>
<section id="H5361DD5C341548BE95D46E9297975824"><enum>542.</enum><header>Exchange of information between and among agencies</header>
<subsection id="H96719C5302164EA4B7BF832E12851868"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Proprietary information</header><text>Section 777(b) of the Tariff Act of 1930 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/19/1677f">19 U.S.C. 1677f(b)</external-xref>) is amended by adding at the end the following:</text>
<quoted-block id="HC951C8A56E764BF0849E9C2291786E76" style="OLC">
<paragraph id="H3E9774171B8A4B4BA696F284A0C51649"><enum>(4)</enum><header>Exchange of information between and among agencies</header><text>Notwithstanding any other provision of law, proprietary information submitted to the administering authority, the Commission, or the Bureau of Customs and Border Protection may be exchanged between and among those agencies upon their request or upon the request of an interested party, under the following circumstances:</text>
<subparagraph id="HFF3C6479FAEB4CD700838937F220815C"><enum>(A)</enum><text>Proprietary information submitted to the administering authority or to the Commission may be exchanged between such agencies if—</text>
<clause id="H0646967BE80E4724B8ABD1FBF180A73D"><enum>(i)</enum><text>an interested party identifies proprietary information submitted for the record at one agency that is inconsistent with information of record at the other agency;</text></clause>
<clause id="HA15C34B19F4C4E82A229C4E6EC2408B"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>an interested party identifies proprietary information submitted at one agency that is directly relevant to an issue presented in proceedings before the other agency; or</text></clause>
<clause id="H5FABD7E4E87B49C9AB651C77E12CB623"><enum>(iii)</enum><text>the administering authority or the Commission believes that the incorporation of proprietary information submitted at the other agency would be helpful in reaching its determination in the proceeding.</text></clause></subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="HCFB94856157F409AB8A3E63979AB2866"><enum>(B)</enum><text>Proprietary information submitted to the administering authority, the Commission, or the Bureau of Customs and Border Protection may be exchanged between and among such agencies at the request of the agency or the request of an interested party if such exchange would facilitate the administration and enforcement of the law.</text></subparagraph></paragraph>
<paragraph id="HB70214C14433405AA1F956FF00AF905C"><enum>(5)</enum><header>Use during proceedings</header><text>Proprietary as well as nonproprietary information of record submitted to or generated by the administering authority or the Commission during any segment of a proceeding (including information from the Bureau of Customs and Border Protection) may be incorporated into the record of any other segment of the same proceeding and released by the administering authority under a protective order to qualified applicants if—</text>
<subparagraph id="H1916025221BA4AE6BD84E896EE16E43F"><enum>(A)</enum><text>an interested party identifies proprietary information submitted during one segment of the proceeding that is inconsistent with information submitted in another segment of the proceeding;</text></subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="H9F46D60A88A8425DBDE49048CEBA145D"><enum>(B)</enum><text>an interested party identifies proprietary information submitted during one segment of the proceeding that is directly relevant to an issue presented in another segment of the proceeding; or</text></subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="H2D60D41FC940442A989CC5DDE0937E0"><enum>(C)</enum><text>the administering authority or the Commission believes that the incorporation of a selected portion of the record from one segment of the proceeding would be helpful in reaching its determination in another segment of the proceeding.</text></subparagraph></paragraph><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block></subsection>
<subsection id="HEFDF58D54AF743329102131CC4F63700"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Limited disclosure under protective order</header><text>Section 777(c)(1)(A) of the Tariff Act of 1930 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/19/1677f">19 U.S.C. 1677f(c)(1)(A)</external-xref>) is amended by adding at the end the following: <quote>The proprietary information released pursuant to this subparagraph under a protective order shall include the records of the Bureau of Customs and Border Protection and the administering authority that are used by those agencies to liquidate entries and assess and collect antidumping and countervailing duties, including the underlying entry documents.</quote>.</text></subsection>
<subsection id="HD7C26482599448C191D077F5EFA0998C"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Effective date</header><text>The amendments made by this section shall apply with respect to any proceeding under title VII of the Tariff Act of 1930 that is pending on, or is commenced on or after, the date of the enactment of this Act.</text></subsection></section>
<section id="H6C4459C90C554765AA5B79D9B5272E07"><enum>543.</enum><header>Liquidation of certain entries</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">Section 504(d) of the Tariff Act of 1930 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/19/1504">19 U.S.C. 1504(d)</external-xref>) is amended by adding at the end the following: <quote>In the case of any entry that is subject to a antidumping or countervailing duty order, the preceding sentence shall not apply, and such entry shall be liquidated at the rate finally determined by the administering authority or reviewing court.</quote>.</text></section>
<section id="HCBCF1592EF51413ABF97B204F81E4947"><enum>544.</enum><header>Assistant Attorney General for Trade Law Enforcement</header>
<subsection id="H62E48DF8969046D9A033206B8BDA7F09"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Appointment</header><text>Subtitle D of title VII of the Tariff Act of 1930 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/19/1677">19 U.S.C. 1677 et seq.</external-xref>) is amended by adding at the end the following new section:</text>
<quoted-block style="OLC" id="HCD6FFFF0FE1E470C8EBD252DFF67D9C9" display-inline="no-display-inline">
<section id="H8F6B144E96594FE5A4A4FA979DB265E9"><enum> 784.</enum><header>Assistant Attorney General for Trade Law Enforcement</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">The President shall appoint, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, an Assistant Attorney General for Trade Law Enforcement. The Assistant Attorney General for Trade Law Enforcement shall be responsible for investigating and prosecuting fraud in any proceeding under this title.</text></section><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block></subsection>
<subsection id="H898FCB4858FD4D0D9986B3AA6E38836"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Conforming amendment</header><text>The table of contents for title VII of the Tariff Act of 1930 is amended by inserting after the item relating to section 783 the following new item:</text>
<quoted-block style="OLC" id="H493CBE5E7CD548098106332EBB5796D7" display-inline="no-display-inline">
<toc regeneration="no-regeneration">
<toc-entry level="section">Sec. 784. Assistant Attorney General for Trade law Enforcement.</toc-entry></toc><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block></subsection>
<subsection id="HF86CF5EEB1D54CC4BB5E05B0C6E6F00"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Compensation</header><text><external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/5/5315">Section 5315</external-xref> of title 5, United States Code, is amended by inserting after <quote>Assistant Attorneys General (10)</quote> the following: </text>
<quoted-block style="OLC" id="HFDFFC18361F342A3A53027E07400A1DA" display-inline="no-display-inline"><list level="subsection"><list-item>Assistant Attorney General for Trade Law Enforcement.</list-item></list><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block></subsection></section></subtitle>
<subtitle id="H09A62603444C48BAB792B1F818B44495"><enum>E</enum><header>Effective Date</header>
<section id="H806FB791EB0349979D00A16FED21D48"><enum>551.</enum><header>Effective date</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">Except as provided in sections 521(b), 538(b), and 542(c), the amendments made by this title shall apply with respect to determinations made under title VII of the <act-name parsable-cite="TA30">Tariff Act of 1930</act-name> that—</text>
<paragraph id="HB9872C61CA3448DE813E7E497BB6C9A8"><enum>(1)</enum><text>are made with respect to investigations initiated or petitions filed on or after the date of the enactment of this Act; or</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="HE0E940820C1E4235A2FDB100472F4CBD"><enum>(2)</enum><text>have not become final as of such date of enactment.</text></paragraph></section></subtitle>
<enum>VI</enum><header>Safeguard amendments</header>
<subtitle id="HEFEFB6B50ED043F5894391EDB193AFB"><enum>A</enum><header>Safeguards in General</header>
<section id="HB1ABD0CE8C1146D8BAFEA8C7006CE657"><enum>601.</enum><header>Amendments to chapter 1 of title II of the <act-name parsable-cite="TA74">Trade Act of 1974</act-name></header>
<subsection id="H3B34DCCE7A184D37A6C523ED9B798473"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Test for positive adjustments to import competition</header><text>Section 201(a) of the <act-name parsable-cite="TA74">Trade Act of 1974</act-name> (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/19/2251">19 U.S.C. 2251(a)</external-xref>) is amended by striking <quote>be a substantial cause of serious injury, or the threat thereof,</quote> and inserting <quote>cause or threaten to cause serious injury</quote>.</text></subsection>
<subsection id="H9DD7D89C771D41E7AF7D77C6429045BE"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Investigations and determinations</header><text>Section 202 of such Act (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/19/2252">19 U.S.C. 2252</external-xref>) is amended—</text>
<paragraph id="HAEB28C70F89A4DC7BC00272CC946DBEF"><enum>(1)</enum><text>in subsection (b)(1)(A), by striking <quote>be a substantial cause of serious injury, or the threat thereof,</quote> and inserting <quote>cause or threaten to cause serious injury</quote>;</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="H4B9AFF58C4234F2E8915DC2F5293B600"><enum>(2)</enum><text>by amending subsection (b)(1)(B) to read as follows:</text>
<quoted-block id="H6A2D1BB9CFFD4424A9CFF65B7A2001F">
<subparagraph indent="up1" id="H708A7967CAD54644898D7D0967F72EAB"><enum>(B)</enum><text>For purposes of this section, the term <term>cause</term> refers to a cause that contributes significantly to serious injury, or the threat thereof, to the domestic industry but need not be equal to or greater than any other cause.</text></subparagraph><after-quoted-block>;</after-quoted-block></quoted-block></paragraph>
<paragraph id="HC3E5242874404A8A98DB96797CB3E22E"><enum>(3)</enum><text>in subsection (c)—</text>
<subparagraph id="HCEE57ECDE94D40DEAAF1C98FD65CFD1D"><enum>(A)</enum><text>by amending paragraph (1)(A) to read as follows:</text>
<quoted-block id="H7E37929814F34071B2FE32EED256DC2">
<subparagraph id="HD8FDF00B30AD479E955F3963C51E43BD"><enum>(A)</enum><text>with respect to serious injury—</text>
<clause id="HAC0B27E1FBAD40859660F069D7CB78E3"><enum>(i)</enum><text>change in the level of sales, production, productivity, capacity utilization, profits and losses, and employment;</text></clause>
<clause id="HEA76862392944488815952008458764E"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>the significant idling of productive facilities in the domestic industry;</text></clause>
<clause id="HFB0B45B6755C4288866381B49394F33B"><enum>(iii)</enum><text>the inability of a significant number of firms to carry out domestic production operations at a reasonable level of profit; and</text></clause>
<clause id="HA702A1CB7B0840E799553C689EB54EE0"><enum>(iv)</enum><text>significant unemployment or underemployment within the domestic industry;</text></clause></subparagraph><after-quoted-block>;</after-quoted-block></quoted-block></subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="H55D3336BF0C449F193F6FB126168617F"><enum>(B)</enum><text>in paragraph (1)(B)—</text>
<clause id="HDEF8E5071D3E44F599617D26723308C4"><enum>(i)</enum><text>in clause (iii) by striking <quote>; and</quote> and inserting <quote>, and</quote>; and</text></clause>
<clause id="H3CA357AC15F94B7A001EE14237372FE8"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>by inserting after clause (iii) the following:</text>
<quoted-block id="H95FB07BF37494A86BED0A10031A9B1DE">
<clause id="H7C95CFE912AB40DB858C26A19509B407"><enum>(iv)</enum><text>foreign production capacity, foreign inventories, the level of demand in third country markets, and the availability of other export markets to absorb any additional exports; and</text></clause><after-quoted-block>;</after-quoted-block></quoted-block></clause></subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="HE960F1EFC0EB462400B2E7A158E7DD33"><enum>(C)</enum><text>by amending paragraph (1)(C) to read as follows:</text>
<quoted-block id="HA98D2E0096F6417BBD9C41E5F0DFD4BC">
<subparagraph id="HB91309159B6148D0821748AA14AC4BC4"><enum>(C)</enum><text>with respect to cause—</text>
<clause id="H8BDBEDA1C9974844A10733918CEEFAC5"><enum>(i)</enum><text>the rate, amount, and timing of the increase in imports of the product concerned in absolute and relative terms, including whether there has been a substantial increase in imports over a short period of time; and</text></clause>
<clause id="HCE07158ABBF444A6B5132C00006303FA"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>the share of the domestic market taken by increased imports.</text></clause></subparagraph><after-quoted-block>;</after-quoted-block></quoted-block></subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="H9C8F0621284C46338E006F34F2A54860"><enum>(D)</enum><text>by redesignating paragraphs (3) through (6) as paragraphs (5) through (8), respectively;</text></subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="HA17E4AB7EA40412EA299483E199EFC23"><enum>(E)</enum><text>by striking paragraph (2) and inserting the following:</text>
<quoted-block id="HC3C6E845FA89403AB7AD00D2AD044FFD">
<paragraph id="H9D7403E869BA498D9829DB9F4CF79F1E"><enum>(2)</enum><text>In making determinations under subparagraphs (A) and (B) of paragraph (1), if domestic producers internally transfer, including to affiliated persons as defined in section 771(33) of the <act-name parsable-cite="TA30">Tariff Act of 1930</act-name>, significant production of the article like or directly competitive with the imported article for the production of a downstream article and sell significant production of the article like or directly competitive with the imported article in the merchant market, then the Commission, in determining market share and the factors affecting financial performance set forth in subparagraphs (A) and (B) of paragraph (1), shall focus primarily on the merchant market for the article like or directly competitive with the imported article.</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="HA85AE87B763A429DB849878CDD227282"><enum>(3)</enum><text>In making determinations under subsection (b), the Commission shall—</text>
<subparagraph id="H995C8794A82E4B20857FDDB76443C4D8"><enum>(A)</enum><text>consider the condition of the domestic industry over the course of the relevant business cycle, but may not aggregate the causes of declining demand associated with a recession or economic downturn in the United States economy into a single cause or threat of serious injury; and</text></subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="H0D04CC44255E4349BA7C952EB8A93911"><enum>(B)</enum><text>examine factors other than imports which may cause or threaten to cause serious injury to the domestic industry.</text></subparagraph><continuation-text continuation-text-level="paragraph">The Commission shall include the results of its examination under subparagraph (B) in the report submitted by the Commission to the President under subsection (e).</continuation-text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="HDB6F2E0AC55D4BCDB896869D67C91E59"><enum>(4)</enum><text>In making determinations under subsection (b), the Commission shall consider whether any change in the volume of imports that has occurred since a petition under subsection (a) was filed or a request under subsection (b) was made is related to the pendency of the investigation, and if so, the Commission may reduce the weight accorded to the data for the period after the petition under subsection (a) was filed or the request under subsection (b) was made in making its determination of serious injury, or the threat thereof.</text></paragraph><after-quoted-block>; and</after-quoted-block></quoted-block></subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="HF66F81BC452149349CBEC908FB75505E"><enum>(F)</enum><text>in paragraph (5), as so predesignated—</text>
<clause id="HE69FEBB0625D494A0077E6DE91130069"><enum>(i)</enum><text>by striking <quote>and (B)</quote> and inserting <quote>, (B), and (C)</quote>; and</text></clause>
<clause id="HE7835FC936744D528E70E0FE7574607C"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>by striking <quote>be a substantial cause of serious injury, or the threat thereof,</quote> and inserting <quote>cause or threaten to cause serious injury</quote>;</text></clause></subparagraph></paragraph>
<paragraph id="H533897B261C94B468100B1E800D330B3"><enum>(4)</enum><text>in subsection (d)—</text>
<subparagraph id="HD0B92A9F2D344011A8A6FDBC2F0AEAC"><enum>(A)</enum><text>in paragraph (1)(A)(ii), by striking <quote>be, or likely to be a substantial cause of serious injury, or the threat thereof,</quote> and inserting <quote>cause, or be likely to cause, or threaten to cause, or be likely to threaten to cause, serious injury</quote>;</text></subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="H337F8D7042214442B41DED56FEFFBD2"><enum>(B)</enum><text>in paragraph (1)(C), in the matter following clause (ii), by striking <quote>a substantial cause of serious injury, or the threat thereof,</quote> and inserting <quote>causing or threatening to cause serious injury</quote>;</text></subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="HB40A1F8A64F048FB8EB0E194B3B99BA6"><enum>(C)</enum><text>by amending paragraph (2)(A) to read as follows:</text>
<quoted-block id="H5BEAD35EE9864D4F90C727AEB0EBA18B">
<paragraph id="H15999A3D7D5D4A2D8F3186DFEE8D2B6D"><enum>(2)</enum>
<subparagraph display-inline="yes-display-inline" id="H27A0A25DB6B04DCDA5E25575F67BC600"><enum>(A)</enum><text>When a petition filed under subsection (a) or a request filed under subsection (b) alleges that critical circumstances exist and requests that provisional relief be provided under this subsection with respect to imports of the article identified in the petition or request, the Commission shall, not later than 45 days after the petition or request is filed, determine, on the basis of available information, whether—</text>
<clause indent="up1" id="H603BC6DDDCBF4F9DB8619D2CD5AC7E96"><enum>(i)</enum><text>there is clear evidence that increased imports (either actual or relative to domestic production) of the article are causing or threatening to cause serious injury to the domestic industry producing an article like or directly competitive with the imported article; and</text></clause>
<clause indent="up1" id="HD6E91FC386E543DC9C54275851918E96"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>delay in taking action under this chapter would cause damage to that industry that would be difficult to repair.</text></clause></subparagraph><continuation-text continuation-text-level="paragraph">In making the evaluation under clause (ii), the Commission should consider, among other factors that it considers relevant, the timing and volume of the imports, including whether there has been a substantial increase in imports over a short period of time, and any other circumstances indicating that delay in taking action under this chapter would cause damage to the industry that would be difficult to repair.</continuation-text></paragraph><after-quoted-block>; and</after-quoted-block></quoted-block></subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="HB53A239A65004E3FB18E4CA76166888B"><enum>(D)</enum><text>in paragraph (2)(D), by striking <quote>30</quote> and inserting <quote>20</quote>.</text></subparagraph></paragraph></subsection>
<subsection id="H26965EC7003A42ACA1C8B2AA6C96A771"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Presidential determinations</header>
<paragraph id="H106B79046EED4B93A66EEF2D0016B25C"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Action by President</header><text>Section 203(a) of the <act-name parsable-cite="TA74">Trade Act of 1974</act-name> (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/19/2253">19 U.S.C. 2253(a)</external-xref>) is amended—</text>
<subparagraph id="HC9ED9CC1AA4140ACB76F16F1D8D94668"><enum>(A)</enum><text>in paragraph (1)(A), by striking <quote>and provide greater economic and social benefits than costs</quote> and inserting <quote>and will not have an adverse impact on the United States clearly greater than the benefits of such action</quote>;</text></subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="H8A8342BBACDE4887B0A16E811C4D8E20"><enum>(B)</enum><text>in paragraph (2)(F)(ii), by striking <quote>compensation;</quote> and inserting the following: <quote>compensation, except that the President shall give substantially greater weight to the factors set out in clause (i) than to those set out in clause (ii) and this clause;</quote>; and</text></subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="H815AD8BC59484109BCD07D6D233149DD"><enum>(C)</enum><text>by amending paragraph (2)(I) to read as follows:</text>
<quoted-block id="H455E8770EB274EF7A0CD6E81E24F0B7">
<subparagraph id="HA37B3CCFA6E1457492F339E8D2ADB170"><enum>(I)</enum><text>the potential for harm to the national security of the United States; and</text></subparagraph><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block></subparagraph></paragraph>
<paragraph id="H6408D8805C884B2DB2B3AF0751FC22E"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Implementation of action recommended by Commission</header>
<subparagraph display-inline="yes-display-inline" id="H444B1289C36E4415956365F984A6C7DA"><enum>(A)</enum><text>Section 203(c) of the <act-name parsable-cite="TA74">Trade Act of 1974</act-name> (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/19/2253">19 U.S.C. 2253(c)</external-xref>) is amended by striking <quote>90</quote> and inserting <quote>60</quote>.</text></subparagraph>
<subparagraph indent="up1" id="HD786C51485324C4996D4361FF607621D"><enum>(B)</enum><text>Section 152(c)(1) of the <act-name parsable-cite="TA74">Trade Act of 1974</act-name> (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/19/2192">19 U.S.C. 2192(c)(1)</external-xref>) is amended by striking <quote>not counting any day which is excluded under section 154(b),</quote> and inserting <quote>counting all calendar days in the case of a resolution described in subsection (a)(1)(A), and not counting any day which is excluded under section 154(b) in the case of a resolution described in subsection (a)(1)(B),</quote>.</text></subparagraph></paragraph></subsection>
<subsection id="HD68275BA77CA415084CFD23F86D5D"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Conforming amendments</header>
<paragraph id="H17D239837559407DB73C00CEFEDE2D6D"><enum>(1)</enum><text>Section 203(e)(6)(B) of the <act-name parsable-cite="TA74">Trade Act of 1974</act-name> (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/19/2253">19 U.S.C. 2253(e)(6)(B)</external-xref>) is amended by striking <quote>substantially</quote>.</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="H0290AE13B4E5467081B8545127EF55EE"><enum>(2)</enum><text>Section 264(c) of the <act-name parsable-cite="TA74">Trade Act of 1974</act-name> (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/19/2354">19 U.S.C. 2354(c)</external-xref>) is amended by striking <quote>a substantial cause of serious injury or threat thereof</quote> and inserting <quote>causing or threatening to cause serious injury</quote>.</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="H8DFF94E7DA5C455EA8D741EA6093F848"><enum>(3)</enum><text>Section 154(b) of the <act-name parsable-cite="TA74">Trade Act of 1974</act-name> (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/19/2194">19 U.S.C. 2194(b)</external-xref>) is amended by striking the matter that precedes paragraph (1) and inserting the following:</text>
<quoted-block act-name="Trade Act of 1974" id="H61EED13E424C4BA3AB595CB9C4631951">
<subsection id="H190A6A860E234F85A1AB802B9892CB86"><enum>(b)</enum><text>The 60-day period referred to in section 203(c) and the 90-day period referred to in section 407(c)(2) shall be computed by excluding—</text></subsection><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block></paragraph></subsection></section></subtitle>
<subtitle id="H99AD0C22E87049149B6EDF6600002656"><enum>B</enum><header>Fair Trade with China</header>
<section id="H0A3E007F0C214C16B06959317400C9DE"><enum>611.</enum><header>Clarification of standard for Presidential action on ITC finding of market disruption</header>
<subsection id="H4AD6D2177A784F35928CEA6B1D3C1ED8"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Amendments to standard for Trade Representative’s recommendation to the President</header><text>Section 421(h)(2) of the Trade Act of 1974 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/19/2451">19 U.S.C. 2451(h)(2)</external-xref>) is amended—</text>
<paragraph id="H12D6C6552B0948B8BD3272BC33F93F4"><enum>(1)</enum><text>by striking <quote>(2) Within</quote> and inserting <quote>(2)(A) Within</quote>; and</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="HFF535B75DDEF4971A102148CDC78F97"><enum>(2)</enum><text>by adding at the end the following:</text>
<quoted-block id="H233C35CE39E94BB283F7E9EF56F5F69" style="OLC">
<subparagraph id="H31F528987BAD48AC96EC383627004956" indent="up2"><enum>(B)</enum><text>In making a recommendation to the President under subparagraph (A), the Trade Representative shall consider the facts found, or conclusions drawn, by the Commission as they are reported to the Trade Representative, and the Trade Representative may not conduct an additional review or reconsideration of the facts found or conclusions reached by the Commission.</text></subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="HACDB4AE17AEA43A9AD8871C9F00DE3D" indent="up2"><enum>(C)</enum><text>If the Commission in its report makes an affirmative finding of market disruption, the Trade Representative shall apply a presumption in favor of relief to prevent or remedy the market disruption.</text></subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="H42223B0CB043409A00F7E75FACCDF2C8" indent="up2"><enum>(D)</enum><text>The following factors may not be used as the basis of a recommendation by the Trade Representative to recommend denying relief under this section:</text>
<clause id="HD76B6DE289A642658C542074F5EF04C"><enum>(i)</enum><text>The presence or absence (whether actual or potential) of third-country imports of the product under investigation.</text></clause>
<clause id="H0E92471D1DBC484B9CF4A399EAE00077"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>Any results of the econometric model known as the Commercial Policy Analysis System (COMPAS) or equivalent model.</text></clause></subparagraph><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block></paragraph></subsection>
<subsection id="HA1CECDDCB7B84156855085A691457C41"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Amendments to standard for Presidential action</header><text>Section 421(k) of the Trade Act of 1974 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/19/2451">19 U.S.C. 2451(k)</external-xref>) is amended by adding at the end the following:</text>
<quoted-block id="H337A6B07321D4EDA85FEFAED084D1076" style="OLC">
<paragraph id="HAAE3CA6728FE4F5D8247363C75B9C26" indent="up1"><enum>(3)</enum><text>The President’s determination shall be based on the facts found, or conclusions drawn, by the Commission as they are reported to the Trade Representative under subsection (g).</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="HB52055572BDC4953A86020A57B8B6E70" indent="up1"><enum>(4)</enum><text>If the Commission in its report makes an affirmative finding of market disruption, the President shall apply a presumption in favor of relief to prevent or remedy the market disruption.</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="HFCC917685D304A3A84A17FD8703AED3" indent="up1"><enum>(5)</enum><text>Any determination by the President under paragraph (1) that providing import relief is not in the national economic interest of the United States may not be based on the following factors:</text>
<subparagraph id="H61BA10EA87A34736A75DE4CB6EDF3375"><enum>(A)</enum><text>The presence or absence (whether actual or potential) of third-country imports of the product under investigation.</text></subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="HB7A55DE57E15459FA7CA7411DEE631E"><enum>(B)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Any results of the econometric model known as the Commercial Policy Analysis System (COMPAS) or equivalent model.</text></subparagraph></paragraph><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block></subsection></section></subtitle>
<subtitle id="HD8BC389E8B5642D1A7D3A6F36DAC78E9"><enum>C</enum><header>Report on Doha Round</header>
<section id="H1954FF49D27F4600964688B599F9F43"><enum>621.</enum><header>Report</header>
<subsection id="HC212E47833D84803BD352080AC7184BE"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In general</header><text>Not later than 6 months after the date of the enactment of this Act, the United States Trade Representative shall submit to the Congress a report explaining in detail how agreements resulting from negotiations on the Doha Development Agenda of the World Trade Organization will implement the provisions of the Agreement on Antidumping, the Agreement of Subsidies and Countervailing Measures, and the Agreement on Safeguards, as such agreements were approved by the Congress under section 101 of the Uruguay Round Agreements Act (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/19/3511">19 U.S.C. 3511</external-xref>), as those provisions relate to the following issues:</text>
<paragraph id="H69D53429BD324F448CDC021D09E036C2"><enum>(1)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The standard of review in the application of the Agreement on Antidumping, the Agreement on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures (SCM), and the Agreement on Safeguards.</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="HCF69EB57E110425D85FF32EBE4DC4BA"><enum>(2)</enum><text>Analysis of injury causation nonattribution under the WTO in the agreements referred to in paragraph (1).</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="H7176D258BE20414C9F75EBFA13A732D4"><enum>(3)</enum><text>The use of threat of injury analysis under the agreements referred to in paragraph (1).</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="H961DDA7FCCBB4CBD0048064470B52D24" display-inline="no-display-inline"><enum>(4)</enum><text>The use of advisory opinions under the agreements referred to in paragraph (1).</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="H0CD7551D869D406B989C78A89C9C7244"><enum>(5)</enum><text>Consideration of sunset review waivers under the Agreement on Antidumping and the Agreement on SCM.</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="HA2DA5DC3C73D4AF79C17595ECBF9415F" display-inline="no-display-inline"><enum>(6)</enum><text>The application of a facts available standard under the Agreement on Antidumping and the Agreement on SCM.</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="H758B55DEA8C54C19AEBBF2E500B5D635"><enum>(7)</enum><text>Analysis of subsidies in the context of a privatization under the Agreement on SCM.</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="HB567583C029145A9B9174000A9366816"><enum>(8)</enum><text>The treatment of export restraints under the Agreement on SCM.</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="HCF55099FDC044D659C199BF354D39181"><enum>(9)</enum><text>The use of benchmark prices under the Agreement on SCM.</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="H76E696FE81E64A6B00FFBD9F4E35BDF"><enum>(10)</enum><text>The application of pass-through analysis under the Agreement on SCM.</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="HBA4083A8896A413489BBEBA1A9767B7D"><enum>(11)</enum><text>The treatment of equity infusions under the Agreement on SCM.</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="H68E01611AA034A93B46F207DBF872F69"><enum>(12)</enum><text>The treatment of nonperforming loans under the Agreement on SCM</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="H5FE99535EBFC455CB4DFF7C14BCCFE03"><enum>(13)</enum><text>The absence of a requirement to investigate unforeseen developments in analyses under the Agreement on Safeguards.</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="H42F3721009674FF88000A01667E000D7"><enum>(14)</enum><text>The absence of a requirement to show sudden and sharp increases in imports in analyses under the Agreement on Safeguards.</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="H10375CE39F6945D7BCDCEB1553EF5715"><enum>(15)</enum><text>The use of multiple averaging periods under the Agreement on Antidumping.</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="H3BD7D4F54E7948A687AF701724501EAE"><enum>(16)</enum><text>The calculation of the all others rate under the Agreement on Antidumping.</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="H2FD764B9711C4F25B9043FA51DACAA44"><enum>(17)</enum><text>Analysis of zeroing under the Agreement on Antidumping.</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="HA52DDAA3D85041AFBE97AADD001D7E01"><enum>(18)</enum><text>Analysis of selling, general and administrative expenses, and profit under article 2.2.2(ii) of the Agreement on Antidumping.</text></paragraph></subsection>
<subsection id="HD1536047D1CA4E69B41C709F1BDF09C"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Definitions</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">In this section:</text>
<paragraph id="H4F5294EB036A447BBAA03ED20081E4A8"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Agreement on Antidumping</header><text>The term <quote>Agreement on Antidumping</quote> means the Agreement on Implementation of Article VI of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade 1994 referred to in section 101(d)(7) of the Uruguay Round Agreements Act (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/19/3511">19 U.S.C. 3511(d)(7)</external-xref>.</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="HBBC22E29135548138115C9712E7E41B3"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Agreement on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures; Agreement on SCM</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The terms <quote>Agreement on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures</quote> and <quote>Agreement on SCM</quote> means the Agreement on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures referred to in section 101(d)(12) of the Uruguay Round Agreements Act (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/19/3511">19 U.S.C. 3511(d)(12)</external-xref>).</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="H98DAC36B178A491185EB45D11C5200EF"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Agreement on Safeguards</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The term <quote>Agreement on Safeguards</quote> means the Agreement on Safeguards referred to in section 101(d)(13) of the Uruguay Round Agreements Act (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/19/3511">19 U.S.C. 3511(d)(13)</external-xref>).</text> </paragraph></subsection></section></subtitle>
<enum>VII</enum><header>Miscellaneous provisions</header>
<section id="H153CAE95CA624396AAC942C859AA082F"><enum>701.</enum><header>Construction</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">The amendments made by this Act shall not be construed to create any inference with respect to the interpretation of the provisions of law amended by this Act as such provisions were in effect before the enactment of this Act.</text></section>
<section id="HC8C2A35C96444812B29914D8B34D9DD"><enum>702.</enum><header>Application to goods from Canada and Mexico</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">Pursuant to section 1902 of the North American Free Trade Agreement and section 408 of the North American Free Trade Agreement Implementation Act, the amendments made by this Act shall apply to goods from Canada and Mexico.</text></section>