109 HR 1817 IH: Department of Homeland Security Cybersecurity Enhancement Act of 2005
U.S. House of Representatives
2005-04-26
text/xml
EN
Pursuant to Title 17 Section 105 of the United States Code, this file is not subject to copyright protection and is in the public domain.
1.This Act may be cited as the Department of Homeland Security Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2006
.
2.The table of contents for this Act is as follows:
Sec. 1. Short title
Sec. 2. Table of contents
Title I—Authorization of appropriations
Sec. 101. Department of Homeland Security
Sec. 102. Border patrol agents
Sec. 103. Departmental management and operations
Sec. 104. Critical infrastructure grants
Sec. 105. Research and development
Sec. 106. Border and transportation security
Title II—Terrorism prevention, information sharing, and risk assessment
Subtitle A—Terrorism Prevention
Sec. 201. Terrorism Prevention Plan and related budget submission
Sec. 202. Consolidated background check process
Subtitle B—Homeland Security Information Sharing and Analysis Enhancement
Sec. 211. Short title
Sec. 212. Provision of terrorism-related information to private sector officials
Sec. 213. Analytic expertise on the threats from biological agents and nuclear weapons
Sec. 214. Alternative analysis of homeland security information
Sec. 215. Assignment of information analysis and infrastructure protection functions
Sec. 216. Authority for disseminating homeland security-related information
Sec. 217. Tom Ridge Homeland Security Fellows Program
Sec. 218. Access to nuclear terrorism-related information
Sec. 219. Access of Assistant Secretary for Information Analysis to terrorism information
Sec. 220. Administration of the Homeland Security Information Network
Sec. 221. Homeland Security Advisory System
Sec. 222. Use of open source information
Sec. 223. Full and efficient use of open source information
Title III—Domestic preparedness and protection
Subtitle A—Preparedness and Protection
Sec. 301. National terrorism exercise program
Sec. 302. Technology development and transfer
Sec. 303. Requirements relating to the Container Security Initiative (CSI)
Subtitle B—Department of Homeland Security Cybersecurity Enhancement
Sec. 311. Short title
Sec. 312. Assistant Secretary for Cybersecurity
Sec. 313. Cybersecurity defined
Title IV—Miscellaneous
Sec. 401. Border security and enforcement coordination and operations
Sec. 402. GAO report to Congress
<enum>I</enum><header>Authorization of appropriations</header>
<section id="H808E8F1154D64EDB98E893CE058FBB3"><enum>101.</enum><header>Department of Homeland Security</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline"> There is authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary of Homeland Security for the necessary expenses of the Department of Homeland Security for fiscal year 2006, $34,152,143,000.</text></section>
<section id="H3794C3AB958A4340B4FE005DDBCADB51"><enum>102.</enum><header>Border patrol agents</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline"> Of the amount authorized under section 101, there is authorized to be appropriated for fiscal year 2006 for border security and control between ports of entry, including for the hiring of 2,000 border patrol agents in addition to the number employed on the date of enactment of this Act, and related training and support costs, $1,916,427,000.</text></section>
<section id="HE48E869A2F184209AD382FDF77E3D941"><enum>103.</enum><header>Departmental management and operations</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline"> Of the amount authorized under section 101, there is authorized to be appropriated for fiscal year 2006 for departmental management and operations, $634,687,000, of which—</text>
<paragraph id="H4520720E70E24EFA895BAB12B7BCF46B"><enum>(1)</enum><text>$44,895,000 is authorized for the Department of Homeland Security Regions Initiative;</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="H0B065D9A66F447D78D00CE205B7383C9"><enum>(2)</enum><text>$4,459,000 is authorized for Operation Integration Staff; and</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="H18C2268BB5124C4BA3B0B1F4F7EC596F"><enum>(3)</enum><text>$56,278,000 is authorized for Office of Security initiatives.</text></paragraph></section>
<section id="H2F6BAB6B78E747D29ECC2CCAAA00FCAF"><enum>104.</enum><header>Critical infrastructure grants</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline"> Of the amount authorized under section 101, there is authorized to be appropriated for fiscal year 2006 for grants and other assistance to improve critical infrastructure protection, $500,000,000.</text> </section>
<section id="H3BB87D9857824A0090813CFFDB7C8174"><enum>105.</enum><header>Research and development</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline"> Of the amount authorized under section 101, there is authorized to be appropriated for fiscal year 2006—</text>
<paragraph id="H23C72B1E6F1843E197E964A6EBC8BFDB"><enum>(1)</enum><text>$76,573,000 to support chemical countermeasure development activities of the Directorate of Science and Technology;</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="HD99598BCCCAC4BCEA8287D20BC41D3B0"><enum>(2)</enum><text>$197,314,000 to support a nuclear detection office and related activities of such directorate;</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="H75249F241D5B43E7A7416309F4539427"><enum>(3)</enum><text>$10,000,000 for research and development of technologies capable of countering threats posed by man-portable air defense systems, including location-based technologies and non-commercial aircraft-based technologies; and</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="H813F74A497324694A33EAF8A87B0015"><enum>(4)</enum><text>$10,600,000 for the activities of such directorate conducted pursuant to subtitle G of title VIII of the Homeland Security Act of 2002 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/6/441">6 U.S.C. 441 et seq.</external-xref>).</text></paragraph></section>
<section id="H5C589D5E2C6C4055BE586247F6B384D"><enum>106.</enum><header>Border and transportation security</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline"> Of the amount authorized under section 101, there is authorized to be appropriated for fiscal year 2006—</text>
<paragraph id="HCB624F986E404055B8ECAB596281CC2"><enum>(1)</enum><text>$826,913,000 for expenses related to Screening Coordination and Operations of the Directorate of Border and Transportation Security;</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="H7C964C5FE91F4154ABC8CBDFD94882F"><enum>(2)</enum><text>$100,000,000 for weapons of mass destruction detection technology of such directorate; and</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="H45BD6EAEC86E490D9BBD2D80429F219B"><enum>(3)</enum><text>$133,800,000 for the Container Security Initiative of such directorate.</text></paragraph></section>
<enum>II</enum><header>Terrorism prevention, information sharing, and risk assessment</header>
<subtitle id="H7751FE52B1E14721AF798827AAE52511"><enum>A</enum><header>Terrorism Prevention</header>
<section id="HD5B7A064041242C8819FE78420B08F6B"><enum>201.</enum><header>Terrorism Prevention Plan and related budget submission</header>
<subsection id="HDA6E0622AC694DEFBA6D35ACA9094485"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Department of Homeland Security Terrorism Prevention Plan</header>
<paragraph id="H6855F0C4CB904B31BC0000C4F6950440"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Requirements</header><text>Not later than one year after the date of enactment of the Act, and on a regular basis thereafter, the Secretary of Homeland Security shall prepare and submit to the Committee on Homeland Security of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs of the Senate a Department of Homeland Security Terrorism Prevention Plan. The Plan shall be a comprehensive and integrated plan that includes the goals, objectives, milestones, and key initiatives of the Department of Homeland Security to prevent acts of terrorism on the United States, including its territories and interests.</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="HD67A45D15E7845BCB31F00F4A0E556AD"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Contents</header><text>The Secretary shall include in the Plan the following elements:</text>
<subparagraph id="H8FE0A1CA4234439E8E41923C00F4335D"><enum>(A)</enum><text>Identification and prioritization of groups and subgroups that pose the most significant threat of committing acts of terrorism on the United States and its interests.</text></subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="H954AF7B1CFE94B5F9B6E7F4DF2DB01D0"><enum>(B)</enum><text>Identification of the most significant current, evolving, and long term terrorist threats to the United States and its interests, including an evaluation of—</text>
<clause id="H5AE502F26D5A46E3818E1D1C8BA7DD25"><enum>(i)</enum><text>the materials that may be used to carry out a potential attack;</text></clause>
<clause id="H5C27A29915864829B1FD89D646D5C80"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>the methods that may be used to carry out a potential attack; and</text></clause>
<clause id="H17F8CE74ABB34A2D97CC169B59D804E6"><enum>(iii)</enum><text>the outcome the perpetrators of acts of terrorism aim to achieve.</text></clause></subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="H886870CB8A7D448B0061C53393073802"><enum>(C)</enum><text>A prioritization of the threats identified under subparagraph (B), based on an assessment of probability and consequence of such attacks.</text></subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="HC82CA8B9A18C4F8A8C9FA71F6BD0C56E"><enum>(D)</enum><text>A description of processes and procedures that the Secretary shall establish to institutionalize close coordination between the Department of Homeland Security and the National Counter Terrorism Center and other appropriate United States intelligence agencies.</text></subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="HED7D28A9B6EA4EEDA62347F030D53B19"><enum>(E)</enum><text>The policies and procedures the Secretary shall establish to ensure the Department gathers real time information from the National Counter Terrorism Center; disseminates this information throughout the Department, as appropriate; utilizes this information to support the Department’s counter terrorism responsibilities; integrates the Department’s information collection and analysis functions; and disseminates this information to its operational units, as appropriate.</text></subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="HE86BF9471D4E41C186E7709B0726D5FA"><enum>(F)</enum><text>A description of the specific actions the Secretary shall take to identify threats of terrorism on the United States and its interests, and to coordinate activities within the Department to prevent acts of terrorism, with special emphasis on prevention of terrorist access to and use of weapons of mass destruction.</text></subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="H994CDA8C3DD04B59891594FF8BB4A31C"><enum>(G)</enum><text>A description of initiatives the Secretary shall take to share critical terrorism prevention information with, and provide terrorism prevention support to, State and local governments and the private sector.</text></subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="HEB9D9BC5F36F47E3BE117422A892CA5"><enum>(H)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">A timeline, with goals and milestones, for implementing the Homeland Security Information Network, the Homeland Security Secure Data Network, and other departmental information initiatives to prevent acts of terrorism on the United States and its interests, including integration of these initiatives in the operations of the Homeland Security Operations Center.</text></subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="H4BA5000AE7FB409A951F45AAB632C85"><enum>(I)</enum><text>Such other terrorism prevention-related elements as the Secretary considers appropriate.</text></subparagraph></paragraph>
<paragraph id="H64D1432DB74D4655A562C2E469FD6F20"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Consultation</header><text>In formulating the Plan the Secretary shall consult with—</text>
<subparagraph id="H8CE15F9B1A4C479986A3BDD064D60000"><enum>(A)</enum><text>the Director of National Intelligence;</text></subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="HA417E9130C874E83BE00D7836CCFEF03"><enum>(B)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">the Director of the National Counter Terrorism Center;</text></subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="HDB6F5D775A134D4EB330389CCAE3F523"><enum>(C)</enum><text>the Attorney General;</text></subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="H662780ECFBDE4917AD619546CB38423D"><enum>(D)</enum><text>the Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation;</text></subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="HE73C3098B253450283D6274F821363CB"><enum>(E)</enum><text>the Secretary of Defense;</text></subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="H86398D975B944781003C77BFAA727E8F"><enum>(F)</enum><text>the Secretary of State;</text></subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="H2CE0ABCF5A45456D009F937F0487D8F0"><enum>(G)</enum><text>the Secretary of Energy;</text></subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="HFAAB0711B45C40A3853F815B211D99BB"><enum>(H)</enum><text>the Secretary of the Treasury; and</text></subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="H42BBA32127404002AC4575373390DF55"><enum>(I)</enum><text>the heads of other Federal agencies and State, county, and local law enforcement agencies as the Secretary considers appropriate.</text></subparagraph></paragraph>
<paragraph id="H8F936682E321488A8DE3E01898B7571C"><enum>(4)</enum><header>Classification</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The Secretary shall prepare the Plan in both classified and nonclassified forms.</text></paragraph></subsection>
<subsection id="H661723FC74DE4CD3AC1E6270A5A16C52" display-inline="no-display-inline"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Annual crosscutting analysis of proposed funding for Department of Homeland Security programs</header>
<paragraph id="H0A46D86213354F04A01733EF0CDC5CB"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Requirement to submit analysis</header><text>The Secretary of Homeland Security shall submit to the Congress, concurrently with the submission of the President’s budget for each fiscal year, a detailed, crosscutting analysis of the budget proposed for the Department of Homeland Security, by budget function, by agency, and by initiative area, identifying the requested amounts of gross and net appropriations or obligational authority and outlays for programs and activities of the Department for each of the following mission areas:</text>
<subparagraph id="H348EF3E2474242DF82E8C64F00A96619"><enum>(A)</enum><text>To prevent terrorist attacks within the United States.</text></subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="H243E8AB0C04D40B78F39177F47609EE6"><enum>(B)</enum><text>To reduce the vulnerability of the United States to terrorism.</text></subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="HB0265066D10F48A7AB5CAD8327DA8018"><enum>(C)</enum><text>To minimize the damage, and assist in the recovery, from terrorist attacks that do occur within the United States.</text></subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="HF4C0E3F61BCF4C5399D8997F0612F1A6"><enum>(D)</enum><text>To carry out all functions of the agencies and subdivisions within the Department that are not related directly to homeland security. </text></subparagraph></paragraph>
<paragraph id="H1D12465B7E8E446B84D9062535F83023"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Funding analysis of multi-purpose functions</header><text>The analysis required under paragraph (1) for functions that are both related directly and not related directly to homeland security shall include a detailed allocation of funding for each specific mission area within those functions, including an allocation of funding among mission support functions, such as agency overhead, capital assets, and human capital. </text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="H2EBECF266F2F4A75B1CDDA1FF233845C"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Included Terrorism Prevention Activities</header><text>The analysis required under paragraph (1)(A) shall include the following activities (among others) of the Department:</text>
<subparagraph id="HA1E229FFDDFF4130A727B79B7FED5402"><enum>(A)</enum><text>Collection and effective use of intelligence and law enforcement operations that screen for and target individuals who plan or intend to carry out acts of terrorism.</text></subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="HE9F743479E814209A9FF138F73C930DB"><enum>(B)</enum><text>Investigative, intelligence, and law enforcement operations that identify and disrupt plans for acts of terrorism or reduce the ability of groups or individuals to commit acts of terrorism.</text></subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="H376E42EB9FF942F8BA3B7EB3B412B76"><enum>(C)</enum><text>Investigative activities and intelligence operations to detect and prevent the introduction of weapons of mass destruction into the United States.</text></subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="H07A53BA751FB416BB5B1CD34EFD56738"><enum>(D)</enum><text>Initiatives to detect potential, or the early stages of actual, biological, chemical, radiological, or nuclear attacks.</text></subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="H89964EB14EF4433B80C4E6F410439B4C"><enum>(E)</enum><text>Screening individuals against terrorist watch lists.</text></subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="H6AB36E9316EB4ADFA0131688469D743E"><enum>(F)</enum><text> Screening cargo to identify and segregate high-risk shipments.</text></subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="HCDFBA4B4549D435995349E33DD93B402"><enum>(G)</enum><text>Specific utilization of information sharing and intelligence, both horizontally (within the Federal Government) and vertically (among Federal, State, and local governments), to detect or prevent acts of terrorism.</text></subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="HC4BB2F97EF4D445C87DCAD31D04F4D00"><enum>(H)</enum><text>Initiatives, including law enforcement and intelligence operations, to preempt, disrupt, and deter acts of terrorism overseas intended to strike the United States.</text></subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="H7EB6AEBEC46540AC8823536947F251AA"><enum>(I)</enum><text>Investments in technology, research and development, training, and communications systems that are designed to improve the performance of the Department and its agencies with respect to each of the activities listed in subparagraphs (A) through (H).</text></subparagraph></paragraph>
<paragraph id="H435515B8B6E446539453D2E7E26DD7B9"><enum>(4)</enum><header>Separate displays for mandatory and discretionary amounts</header><text>Each analysis under paragraph (1) shall include separate displays for proposed mandatory appropriations and proposed discretionary appropriations.</text></paragraph></subsection></section>
<section id="H8EF52289674E444992AF3B17A5F4CFB9" section-type="subsequent-section"><enum>202.</enum><header>Consolidated background check process</header>
<subsection id="HC2F766EC059D4B59AD21A55BA0BAED4E"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Requirement</header><text>The Secretary shall establish a single process for conducting the security screening and background checks on individuals participating in any voluntary or mandatory departmental credentialing or registered traveler program.</text></subsection>
<subsection id="H9988E105C3714BCCA5DC271692CE91D2"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Included Programs</header><text>The process established under subsection (a) shall be sufficient to meet the security requirements of all applicable Departmental programs, including—</text>
<paragraph id="HFC221F0E2F0B48F99742114F40B6D1A6"><enum>(1)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">the Transportation Worker Identification Credential;</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="H41D5B0EBB30C4885B584517E7CB26D34"><enum>(2)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">the Hazmat Endorsement Credential;</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="HD5E353FE8DA740798DD300F389E94F8D"><enum>(3)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">the Free and Secure Trade program;</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="H4DA743BBB8C44BACB47100CF3D3BB1A2"><enum>(4)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">the NEXUS and SENTRI border crossing programs;</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="H253DCDDFD6F2443495474CACB7292F7D"><enum>(5)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">the Registered Traveler program of the Transportation Security Administration; and</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="H58B0958ED53545EDB3C8CAC51C097D09"><enum>(6)</enum><text>any other similar program or credential considered appropriate for inclusion by the Secretary.</text></paragraph></subsection>
<subsection id="H9BE8C742531F4C548F291835F1771B06"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Features of process</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The process established under subsection (a) shall include the following:</text>
<paragraph id="H06D3D71D28C04FD084536E002075F1B1"><enum>(1)</enum><text>A single submission of security screening information, including personal data and biometric information as appropriate, necessary to meet the security requirements of all applicable departmental programs.</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="H377D6F53D63F4BFB9522B9B1BEC5D75"><enum>(2)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">An ability to submit such security screening information at any location or through any process approved by the Secretary with respect to any of the applicable departmental programs.</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="H9BB6DA5E84B84CABA6AE1061F698EA24"><enum>(3)</enum><text>Acceptance by the Department of a security clearance issued by a Federal agency, to the extent that the security clearance process of the agency satisfies requirements that are at least as stringent as those of the applicable departmental programs under this section.</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="H530CD9ABD6B04ABFBD3B8D27765682F8"><enum>(4)</enum><text>Standards and procedures for protecting individual privacy, confidentiality, record retention, and addressing other concerns relating to information security.</text></paragraph></subsection>
<subsection id="H058084DF14574FB1938DBAAB66DB9396"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Deadlines</header><text>The Secretary of Homeland Security shall—</text>
<paragraph id="HBF3A9A3F53974DE38E98A3FE041D0042"><enum>(1)</enum><text>submit a description of the process developed under subsection (a) to the Committee on Homeland Security of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs of the Senate by not later than 6 months after the date of the enactment of this Act; and</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="H05369DFB716F45FA83B4FBF61E5EAC2C"><enum>(2)</enum><text>begin implementing such process by not later than 12 months after the date of the enactment of this Act.</text></paragraph></subsection>
<subsection id="H5254897F99A441CF9F97A18EF0739400"><enum>(e)</enum><header>Relationship to other laws</header><text>Nothing in this section affects any statutory requirement relating to the operation of the programs described in subsection (b).</text></subsection></section></subtitle>
<subtitle id="H4C54B0EECA3148B799000099AA54CEBE"><enum>B</enum><header>Homeland Security Information Sharing and Analysis Enhancement</header>
<section id="HFE699E002B634C4B95A5C6E2A3754794" section-type="subsequent-section"><enum>211.</enum><header>Short title</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">This subtitle may be cited as the <quote>Homeland Security Information Sharing and Analysis Enhancement Act of 2005</quote>.</text></section>
<section id="H489EE4B986334683A5AC831DB363FF47" section-type="subsequent-section" display-inline="no-display-inline"><enum>212.</enum><header>Provision of terrorism-related information to private sector officials</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">Section 201(d) of the Homeland Security Act of 2002 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/6/121">6 U.S.C. 121(d)</external-xref>) is amended by adding at the end the following:</text>
<quoted-block style="OLC" id="H8B6E791BAFEC45E9A765FB7DFFA9A028" display-inline="no-display-inline">
<paragraph id="H359F63E0341048960049C9B488CBFA28"><enum>(20)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">To require, in consultation with the Assistant Secretary for Infrastructure Protection, the creation and routine dissemination of analytic reports and products designed to provide timely and accurate information that has specific relevance to each of the Nation’s critical infrastructure sectors (as identified in the national infrastructure protection plan issued under paragraph (5)), to private sector officials in each such sector who are responsible for protecting institutions within that sector from potential acts of terrorism and for mitigating the potential consequences of any such act.</text></paragraph><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block></section>
<section id="HC926F90F7AF1450B94F2864DDAA90517" section-type="subsequent-section" display-inline="no-display-inline"><enum>213.</enum><header>Analytic expertise on the threats from biological agents and nuclear weapons</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">Section 201(d) of the Homeland Security Act of 2002 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/6/121">6 U.S.C. 121(d)</external-xref>) is further amended by adding at the end the following:</text>
<quoted-block style="OLC" id="H4FD2937E89D5408900E2CCDDE4CFAE4" display-inline="no-display-inline">
<paragraph id="H49A1AAAA4D5D44D6B802F814CB8D481D"><enum>(21) </enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">To ensure sufficient analytic expertise within the Office of Information Analysis to create and disseminate, on an ongoing basis, products based on the analysis of homeland security information, as defined in section 892(f)(1), with specific reference to the threat of terrorism involving the use of nuclear weapons and biological agents to inflict mass casualties or other catastrophic consequences on the population or territory of the United States.</text></paragraph><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block></section>
<section id="H906BA9F93D114939884C1B13C265A936" section-type="subsequent-section" display-inline="no-display-inline"><enum>214.</enum><header>Alternative analysis of homeland security information</header>
<subsection id="H254A5264D4C845A29D44E2267103F57D"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Requirement</header><text>Subtitle A of title II of the Homeland Security Act of 2002 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/6/121">6 U.S.C. 121 et seq.</external-xref>) is amended by adding at the end the following:</text>
<quoted-block style="OLC" id="H6CAAFE6EA8A64D579600EBEB0754D664" display-inline="no-display-inline">
<section id="H4CF11946314B4A60B1EE6762B6FACCB6"><enum>203.</enum><header>Alternative analysis of homeland security information</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">The Secretary shall establish a process and assign an individual or entity the responsibility to ensure that, as appropriate, elements of the Department conduct alternative analysis (commonly referred to as <quote>red-team analysis</quote>) of homeland security information, as that term is defined in section 892(f)(1), that relates to potential acts of terrorism involving the use of nuclear weapons or biological agents to inflict mass casualties or other catastrophic consequences on the population or territory of the United States.</text></section><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block></subsection>
<subsection id="HFE0836DCD3774D7AA76D74DB366A3F3"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Clerical amendment</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The table of contents in section 1(b) of such Act is amended by inserting after the item relating to section 202 the following:</text>
<quoted-block style="OLC" id="H2478BFDD6CF746B5B0603B5C6384004D" display-inline="no-display-inline">
<toc regeneration="no-regeneration">
<toc-entry level="section">Sec. 203. Alternative analysis of homeland security information</toc-entry></toc><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block></subsection></section>
<section id="H186D0597D6DA4D74A2F097E155EBB16F" section-type="subsequent-section" display-inline="no-display-inline"><enum>215.</enum><header>Assignment of information analysis and infrastructure protection functions</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">Section 201(b) of the Department of Homeland Security Act of 2002 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/6/121">6 U.S.C. 121(b)</external-xref>) is amended by adding at the end the following:</text>
<quoted-block style="OLC" id="H2DFDDEDB22B14BCFB2E6C67D7776661C" display-inline="no-display-inline">
<paragraph id="H491D111193174E709D76244CA951C48"><enum>(4)</enum><header>Assignment of specific functions</header><text>The Under Secretary for Information Analysis and Infrastructure Protection—</text>
<subparagraph id="H041AD66A197547E3833BD312985C4B4"><enum>(A)</enum><text>shall assign to the Assistant Secretary for Information Analysis the responsibility for performing the functions described in paragraphs (1), (3), (4), (7) through (16), and (18) of subsection (d);</text></subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="HB7CABDE5B2A2437894EED25D60CAE7B4"><enum>(B)</enum><text>shall assign to the Assistant Secretary for Infrastructure Protection the responsibility for performing the functions described in paragraphs (2), (5), and (6) of subsection (d);</text></subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="HBDB72E6314D64E39A009F25CB3865E00"><enum>(C)</enum><text>shall ensure that the Assistant Secretary for Information Analysis and the Assistant Secretary for Infrastructure Protection both perform the functions described in paragraphs (17) and (19) of subsection (d);</text></subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="H17A566D795E34A4AA42CFDE3A016EB50"><enum>(D)</enum><text>may assign to each such Assistant Secretary such other duties relating to such responsibilities as the Under Secretary may provide; and</text></subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="H90F99CC10C1941549384DBFF247993"><enum>(E)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">shall direct each such Assistant Secretary to coordinate with elements of the intelligence community, with Federal, State, and local law enforcement agencies, and with tribal and private sector entities, as appropriate.</text></subparagraph></paragraph><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block></section>
<section id="H536B1BC4B22142CEB09E28422F575257" section-type="subsequent-section" display-inline="no-display-inline"><enum>216.</enum><header>Authority for disseminating homeland security-related information</header>
<subsection id="HB61B4667C5344C778B48D2B4D2A739A9" display-inline="no-display-inline"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In general</header><text>Title I of the Homeland Security Act of 2002 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/6/111">6 U.S.C. 111 et seq.</external-xref>) is amended by adding at the end the following: </text>
<quoted-block style="OLC" id="H80FAB5412E324035BDEEE988A6269E89" display-inline="no-display-inline">
<section id="H0DAA5BC6211143D8ACC66C65E5249EDA"><enum>104.</enum><header>Authority for disseminating homeland security-related information</header>
<subsection id="H993984ABA41D4613A66CAF246753CE08"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Primary authority</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Except as provided in subsection (b), the Secretary shall be the executive branch official responsible for disseminating homeland security-related information to State and local government and tribal officials and the private sector. </text></subsection>
<subsection id="HC35178F3E5324A71891E50ACD191D91E"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Prior approval required</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">No Federal official may issue any homeland security-related analysis, advisory, or alert without the Secretary’s prior approval, except—</text>
<paragraph id="H150DB61F3EA3434AA628DFBB017F8CED"><enum>(1)</enum><text>in exigent circumstances under which it is essential that the information be communicated immediately; or</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="H6D8B91C32B2541CFB895E95BEC9490EE"><enum>(2)</enum><text>when such analysis advisory or alert is issued to State, local, or tribal law enforcement officials for the purpose of assisting them in any aspect of the administration of criminal justice.</text></paragraph></subsection></section><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block></subsection>
<subsection id="H8B503126D79F47638D84E588A357FDEA"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Clerical amendment</header><text>The table of contents in section 1(b) of such Act is amended by adding at the end the following:</text>
<quoted-block style="OLC" id="H246AA82442444C43B06E8993B0B52D5B" display-inline="no-display-inline">
<toc regeneration="no-regeneration">
<toc-entry level="section">Sec. 104. Authority for disseminating homeland security-related information</toc-entry></toc><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block></subsection></section>
<section id="HC4DB7E9292E3497EACE2D0FE79C6AD6C" section-type="subsequent-section" display-inline="no-display-inline"><enum>217.</enum><header>Tom Ridge Homeland Security Fellows Program</header>
<subsection id="H64E2CC1D8E614F61BC2187BB55DC019B"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Establishment of program</header><text>Subtitle A of title II of the Homeland Security Act of 2002 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/6/121">6 U.S.C. 121 et seq.</external-xref>) is further amended by adding at the end the following:</text>
<quoted-block style="OLC" id="H792A933822604494A9216EF5B0179E59" display-inline="no-display-inline">
<section id="H8C79ACEAFE8C4A2B00FBD6B51232BD8F"><enum>204.</enum><header>Tom Ridge Homeland Security Fellows Program</header>
<subsection id="HC81C33EC5EEA49B9A73B02FB7345296F"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Establishment</header>
<paragraph id="H859648AF22124CFD9EE6C3AE39D00071"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In general</header><text>The Secretary shall establish a fellowship program in accordance with this section for the purpose of bringing State, local, tribal, and private sector officials to participate in the work of the Homeland Security Operations Center in order to become familiar with—</text>
<subparagraph id="HEBDC5B4C48954B2F80E9CB04EEAF3267"><enum>(A)</enum><text>the mission and capabilities of that Center; and</text></subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="H9996A8EA55AF42A7855BB58D79F64783"><enum>(B)</enum><text>the role, programs, products, and personnel of the Office of Information Analysis and the Office of Infrastructure Protection.</text></subparagraph></paragraph>
<paragraph id="H8A2D261DBE9940CE9E61DB1208DCA6C2"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Program name</header><text>The program under this section shall be known as the <quote>Tom Ridge Homeland Security Fellows Program</quote>.</text></paragraph></subsection>
<subsection id="HCC48BE87C35D4E8BBAAD00A863A5BACD"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Eligibility</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">In order to be eligible for selection as a fellow under the program, an individual must—</text>
<paragraph id="H07CEF8FA35254D30B2544F5C5744A000"><enum>(1)</enum><text>have homeland security-related responsibilities; and</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="HAEDDFA40F7154F11AB938522FBFEF676"><enum>(2)</enum><text>possess an appropriate national security clearance. </text></paragraph></subsection>
<subsection id="H5A981C22EF344DCCA3A923D9523EA59"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Limitations</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The Secretary—</text>
<paragraph id="H0B612CC6DE76441E822101A49C5CF8AE"><enum>(1)</enum><text>may conduct up to 4 iterations of the program each year, each of which shall be 90 days in duration; and</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="H698F1B9A8BEF4C339DB1F175ADC65663"><enum>(2)</enum><text>shall ensure that the number of fellows selected for each iteration does not impede the activities of the Center.</text></paragraph></subsection>
<subsection id="HBEEBB9ABC2F949BDA93D511CF61780CE"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Condition</header><text>As a condition of selecting an individual as a fellow under the program, the Secretary shall require that the individual's employer agree to continue to pay the individual’s salary and benefits during the period of the fellowship.</text></subsection>
<subsection id="HAB9F6A3C4D0048D48FC2D4C56951026B"><enum>(e)</enum><header>Stipend</header><text>During the period of the fellowship of an individual under the program, the Secretary shall, subject to the availability of appropriations—</text>
<paragraph id="H63C3197A86194DD6BD00F561B78C4249"><enum>(1)</enum><text>provide to the individual a stipend to cover the individual’s reasonable living expenses during the period of the fellowship; and</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="H9AD45555865E423E9B4D400077B04F08"><enum>(2)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline"> reimburse the individual for round-trip, economy fare travel to and from the individual’s place of residence twice each month.</text></paragraph></subsection></section><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block></subsection>
<subsection id="HF0CBA233CE05485C8D2B71BAE19E83A0"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Clerical amendment</header><text>The table of contents in section 1(b) of such Act is further amended by adding at the end of the items relating to such subtitle the following:</text>
<quoted-block style="OLC" id="H57D4191944BB4705BCADB9917EFA215C" display-inline="no-display-inline">
<toc regeneration="no-regeneration">
<toc-entry level="section">Sec. 204. Tom Ridge Homeland Security Fellows Program</toc-entry></toc><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block></subsection></section>
<section id="H6CA6DD781C8A47FAB8F3902B8516008F" section-type="subsequent-section" display-inline="no-display-inline"><enum>218.</enum><header>Access to nuclear terrorism-related information</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">Section 201(d) of the Homeland Security Act of 2002 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/6/121">6 U.S.C. 121(d)</external-xref>) is further amended by adding at the end the following:</text>
<quoted-block style="OLC" id="HF96782C7EF3F4155B5630094009F815C" display-inline="no-display-inline">
<paragraph id="HB4661C3EFE5749CDBC07495CDD3F3220"><enum>(22)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">To ensure that—</text>
<subparagraph id="H9F074A5A45DD4F37B31FAE2FDFD5B568"><enum>(A)</enum><text>the Assistant Secretary for Information Analysis receives promptly and without request all information obtained by any component of the Department if that information relates, directly or indirectly, to a threat of terrorism involving the potential use of nuclear weapons;</text></subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="H077A0F631DC34351BB95C4C320243493"><enum>(B)</enum><text> such information is—</text>
<clause id="H0108B2A275A549178FB39FE11849A060"><enum>(i)</enum><text>integrated and analyzed comprehensively; and</text></clause>
<clause id="H953ABD00094D49248C1299A8F01211F3"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>disseminated in a timely manner, including to appropriately cleared State, local, tribal, and private sector officials; and</text></clause></subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="HA68B8AC662414105984100A5643C13A1"><enum>(C)</enum><text>such information is used to determine what requests the Department should submit for collection of additional information relating to that threat.</text></subparagraph></paragraph><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block></section>
<section id="H369EB313409748B5BD2354FEBFC17C7" section-type="subsequent-section" display-inline="no-display-inline"><enum>219.</enum><header>Access of Assistant Secretary for Information Analysis to terrorism information</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">Section 201(d) of the Homeland Security Act of 2002 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/6/121">6 U.S.C. 121(d)</external-xref>) is further amended by adding at the end the following:</text>
<quoted-block style="OLC" id="H30D0A813EDAD477393774E309E22EF71" display-inline="no-display-inline">
<paragraph id="H283B5FCB6EC645F59BFB48298FC2B841"><enum>(23)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">To ensure that the Assistant Secretary for Information Analysis—</text>
<subparagraph id="HBFEA78B45DE148B7940642993C13DCB5"><enum>(A)</enum><text>is routinely and without request given prompt access to all terrorism-related information collected by or otherwise in the possession of any component of the Department, including all homeland security information (as that term is as defined in section 892(f)(1)); and</text></subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="H772BD3B700D941B4A3FE3D50A1A6897E"><enum>(B)</enum><text>to the extent technologically feasible has direct access to all databases of any component of the Department that may contain such information.</text></subparagraph></paragraph><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block></section>
<section id="H1880DB0F046A427DAC91A303C0F0036D" section-type="subsequent-section" display-inline="no-display-inline"><enum>220.</enum><header>Administration of the Homeland Security Information Network</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">Section 201(d) of the Homeland Security Act of 2002 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/6/121">6 U.S.C. 121(d)</external-xref>) is further amended by adding at the end the following new paragraph:</text>
<quoted-block id="HD67B21D565A84C42847B25CE6D9139F0" style="OLC">
<paragraph id="HFCD358B338DD438EAE101B313B9F1819"><enum>(24)</enum><text>To administer the homeland security information network, including—</text>
<subparagraph id="HA18000CB1E0141B388A15F6C94D8975E"><enum>(A)</enum><text>exercising primary responsibility for creating a secure nationwide real-time homeland security information sharing network for Federal, State, and local government agencies and authorities, tribal officials, the private sector, and other governmental and private entities involved in receiving, analyzing, and distributing information related to threats to homeland security; and</text></subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="HCD4D574274EA456B8459A700949D18F0"><enum>(B)</enum><text>ensuring that the information sharing systems, developed in connection with the network created under subparagraph (A), utilize and are compatible with, to the greatest extent practicable, Federal, State, and local government, tribal, and private sector antiterrorism systems and protocols that have been or are being developed.</text></subparagraph></paragraph><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block></section>
<section id="H0045363431A747039070A9C54F74E9C2" section-type="subsequent-section" display-inline="no-display-inline"><enum>221.</enum><header>Homeland Security Advisory System</header>
<subsection id="H2EE08A52BDF14161B3DB84324FC1DCF3"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Subtitle A of title II of the Homeland Security Act of 2002 is amended—</text>
<paragraph id="HC21FB26369344219B1D32FB34600F41B"><enum>(1)</enum><text>in section 201(d)(7) 6U.S.C. 121(d)(7)) by inserting <quote>under section 205</quote> after <quote>System</quote>; and</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="H9283865F610E412183F9A3C5C6982332"><enum>(2)</enum><text>by adding at the end the following:</text>
<quoted-block style="OLC" id="H8124477C78FB4864BB78EB2A5E26048" display-inline="no-display-inline">
<section id="H214D60ED8BFD44C396B0E1518C3720CA"><enum>205.</enum><header>Homeland Security Advisory System</header>
<subsection id="H7FD408347F40499DA640BC86626123AD"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Requirement</header><text>The Under Secretary for Information Analysis and Infrastructure Protection shall implement a Homeland Security Advisory System in accordance with this section to provide public advisories and alerts regarding threats to homeland security, including national, regional, local, and economic sector advisories and alerts, as appropriate.</text></subsection>
<subsection id="H506A17D298024D0CA3D5BB7303F54B59"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Required elements</header><text>The Under Secretary, under the System—</text>
<paragraph id="HBEEA81307D47473F85C7DDED4C3E4DF"><enum>(1)</enum><text>shall include, in each advisory and alert regarding a threat, information on appropriate protective measures and countermeasures that may be taken in response to the threat;</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="H3A0C6B963AC64D7DB171DA1326B4A3E"><enum>(2)</enum><text>shall, whenever possible, limit the scope of each advisory and alert to a specific region, locality, or economic sector believed to be at risk; and</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="H2A6D24544FB74D8D9F25EBCD87040058"><enum>(3)</enum><text>shall not, in issuing any advisory or alert, use color designations as the exclusive means of specifying the homeland security threat conditions that are the subject of the advisory or alert.</text></paragraph></subsection></section><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block></paragraph></subsection>
<subsection id="H77BE782136944DD98D4200FB2B8B8E11"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Clerical amendment</header><text>The table of contents in section 1(b) of such Act is amended by adding at the end of the items relating to subtitle A of title II the following:</text>
<quoted-block style="OLC" id="H9748D7FCEF5E4A21B1A24FF290C2F1D3" display-inline="no-display-inline">
<toc regeneration="no-regeneration">
<toc-entry level="section">Sec. 205. Homeland Security Advisory System</toc-entry></toc><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block></subsection></section>
<section id="H5952AF22141F4448B7823603FC5CC288"><enum>222.</enum><header>Use of open source information</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">Section 201(d) of the Homeland Security Act of 2002 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/6/121">6 U.S.C. 121(d)</external-xref>) is further amended by adding at the end the following:</text>
<quoted-block style="OLC" id="HACD5C8EEC1A44389B6741B5D25003409" display-inline="no-display-inline">
<paragraph id="H27EE1511579B4E71B0A18473386910A7"><enum>(25)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">To ensure that, whenever possible—</text>
<subparagraph id="HD0E0C17AFC2B48A98BC0E1685009184"><enum>(A)</enum><text>the Assistant Secretary for Information Analysis produces and disseminates reports and analytic products based on open-source information that do not require a national security classification under applicable law; and</text></subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="H6ECF16293CAD4A189DAB5951219CA391"><enum>(B)</enum><text>such unclassified open source reports are produced and disseminated contemporaneously with reports or analytic products concerning the same or similar information that the Assistant Secretary for Information Analysis produces and disseminates in a classified format.</text></subparagraph></paragraph><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block></section>
<section id="HE35DE7609ED341BF9FED45615B67E3D" section-type="subsequent-section" display-inline="no-display-inline"><enum>223.</enum><header>Full and efficient use of open source information</header>
<subsection id="H2B439F8F69C549D993D1A800C3FDF51"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Requirement</header><text>Subtitle A of title II of the Homeland Security Act of 2002 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/6/121">6 U.S.C. 121 et seq.</external-xref>) is amended by adding at the end the following:</text>
<quoted-block style="OLC" id="HCCE2CC2E9AEC418EBF9FD79FF8803840" display-inline="no-display-inline">
<section id="HCD4835B5A0AD41BAAD383DCB8F995D31"><enum>206.</enum><header>Full and efficient use of open source information</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">The Under Secretary shall ensure that, in meeting their analytic responsibilities under section 201(d) and in formulating requirements for collection of additional information, the Assistant Secretary for Information Analysis and the Assistant Secretary for Infrastructure Protection make full and efficient use of open-source information.</text></section><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block></subsection>
<subsection id="H9D5F5526FD5B4A5ABF780986FEBAB046"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Clerical amendment</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The table of contents in section 1(b) of such Act is amended by inserting after the item relating to section 202 the following:</text>
<quoted-block style="OLC" id="H0868F60ACBFC4D0EAEC7A2E1BA0930DA" display-inline="no-display-inline">
<toc regeneration="no-regeneration">
<toc-entry level="section">Sec. 206. Full and efficient use of open source information</toc-entry></toc><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block></subsection></section></subtitle>
<enum>III</enum><header>Domestic preparedness and protection</header>
<subtitle id="H68A1C66DBE634AEC8444F0C1E929000"><enum>A</enum><header>Preparedness and Protection</header>
<section id="H6C3134F6ED794180935B721D53ECB36" section-type="subsequent-section"><enum>301.</enum><header>National terrorism exercise program</header>
<subsection id="H460CB9CAFDDF49F9ACE50B93C00D5C8"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In general</header><text>Section 430 of the Homeland Security Act of 2002 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/6/238">6 U.S.C. 238</external-xref>) is amended by striking <quote>and</quote> after the semicolon at the end of paragraph (8), by striking the period at the end of paragraph (9) and inserting <quote>; and</quote>, and by adding at the end the following:</text>
<quoted-block id="H01D1725B03F44363B50095E81768DA58" style="OLC">
<paragraph id="H5C4B460C62F94295B48D7D52F77EAD00"><enum>(10)</enum><text>designing, developing, performing, and evaluating exercises at the National, State, territorial, regional, local, and tribal levels of government that incorporate government officials, emergency response providers, public safety agencies, the private sector, international governments and organizations, and other appropriate entities to test the Nation’s capability to prevent, prepare for, respond to, and recover from threatened or actual acts of terrorism.</text></paragraph><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block></subsection>
<subsection id="H6A9CD087B8FD46E2B636F2379EEC29E4"><enum>(b)</enum><header>National terrorism exercise program</header>
<paragraph id="H3A0FCEEC84F84F11BF79D079C2883DAE"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Establishment of program</header><text>Title VIII of the Homeland Security Act of 2002 (<external-xref legal-doc="public-law" parsable-cite="pl/107/296">Public Law 107–296</external-xref>) is amended by adding at the end the following new subtitle:</text>
<quoted-block style="OLC" id="H26AF37707AF547838925CC53CD4E4EC" display-inline="no-display-inline">
<subtitle id="HBC4142512286432BA571B48B230253F6"><enum>J</enum><header>Terrorism Preparedness Exercises</header>
<section id="H7A1EBCCB54B44F6A8F9914CD32105900"><enum>899a.</enum><header>National terrorism exercise program</header>
<subsection id="H5038906ED0F648BF9DAED5C16953D752"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In general</header><text>The Secretary, through the Office for Domestic Preparedness, shall establish a National Terrorism Exercise Program for the purpose of testing and evaluating the Nation’s capabilities to prevent, prepare for, respond to, and recover from threatened or actual acts of terrorism that—</text>
<paragraph id="HC0A5FC01E2B848A2B63C2C9F7B399D69"><enum>(1)</enum><text>enhances coordination for terrorism preparedness between all levels of government, emergency response providers, international governments and organizations, and the private sector;</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="HA83E6BD4CF5246EEBF0000897329B21B"><enum>(2)</enum><text>is—</text>
<subparagraph id="HE2E46F98F732465BA35E95031EAE00DF"><enum>(A)</enum><text>multidisciplinary in nature, including, as appropriate, information analysis and cybersecurity components;</text></subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="HD637BB42D9884FD3A7A22353788DAC3"><enum>(B)</enum><text>as realistic as practicable and based on current risk assessments, including credible threats, vulnerabilities, and consequences;</text></subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="H04AF57E9F9644C4CAD42E97D2433237B"><enum>(C)</enum><text>carried out with the minimum degree of notice to involved parties regarding the timing and details of such exercises, consistent with safety considerations;</text></subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="H845602996E114921AFD9DE1301DAD6F6"><enum>(D)</enum><text>evaluated against performance measures and followed by corrective action to solve identified deficiencies; and</text></subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="H37E73EEE0B0540E1009855FE92878B00"><enum>(E)</enum><text>assessed to learn best practices, which shall be shared with appropriate Federal, State, territorial, regional, local, and tribal personnel, authorities, and training institutions for emergency response providers; and</text></subparagraph></paragraph>
<paragraph id="H21953488C89244F096DA3DF2282B2C35"><enum>(3)</enum><text>assists State, territorial, local, and tribal governments with the design, implementation, and evaluation of exercises that—</text>
<subparagraph id="H478A4F05688349E682F87FDFBE096949"><enum>(A)</enum><text>conform to the requirements of paragraph (2); and</text></subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="H84F710665BBE4531B96521DC9FA3573"><enum>(B)</enum><text>are consistent with any applicable State homeland security strategy or plan.</text></subparagraph></paragraph></subsection>
<subsection id="HFDE9D83F14514DA6BB31B209B42CB494"><enum>(b)</enum><header>National level exercises</header><text>The Secretary, through the National Terrorism Exercise Program, shall perform on a periodic basis national terrorism preparedness exercises for the purposes of—</text>
<paragraph id="HEFEA282A7D7140439652BD2727EE128"><enum>(1)</enum><text>involving top officials from Federal, State, territorial, local, tribal, and international governments, as the Secretary considers appropriate;</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="H2D11222265454CFF9C43F19584E7B4E1"><enum>(2)</enum><text>testing and evaluating the Nation’s capability to detect, disrupt, and prevent threatened or actual catastrophic acts of terrorism, especially those involving weapons of mass destruction; and</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="HC1E75FB687714E9C00DD1417D46662D4"><enum>(3)</enum><text>testing and evaluating the Nation’s readiness to respond to and recover from catastrophic acts of terrorism, especially those involving weapons of mass destruction.</text></paragraph></subsection></section></subtitle><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block></paragraph>
<paragraph id="H2458787461DE40B88338B3BCA54BE7A2"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Clerical amendment</header><text>The table of contents in section 1(b) of such Act is amended by adding at the end of the items relating to title VIII the following:</text>
<quoted-block style="OLC" id="H523649C67C484B61A62300EDADB45F2" display-inline="no-display-inline">
<toc regeneration="no-regeneration">
<toc-entry level="subtitle">Subtitle J—Terrorism Preparedness Exercises</toc-entry>
<toc-entry level="section">Sec. 899a. National terrorism exercise program</toc-entry></toc><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block></paragraph></subsection></section>
<section id="H9B249BA2211F4FFF95EFF4CABA0065D9" display-inline="no-display-inline" section-type="subsequent-section"><enum>302.</enum><header>Technology development and transfer</header>
<subsection id="H670F55A2E6BD4743AD005D4819E21B37"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Establishment of technology clearinghouse</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Not later than 90 days after the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall complete the establishment of the Technology Clearinghouse under section 313 of the Homeland Security Act of 2002.</text></subsection>
<subsection id="H8B5542E3CA714E538F4BC19550332012"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Transfer program</header><text>Section 313 of the Homeland Security Act of 2002 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/6/193">6 U.S.C. 193</external-xref>) is amended—</text>
<paragraph id="H3EBA73A3770A4651BC274E57599F506E"><enum>(1)</enum><text>by adding at the end of subsection (b) the following new paragraph:</text>
<quoted-block id="H1B6F646B05C54A7AA0B892C8FBD89D73">
<paragraph id="H45E3AE6DFF434EC3003C869D37EFD1A"><enum>(6)</enum><text>The establishment of a homeland security technology transfer program to facilitate the identification, modification, and commercialization of technology and equipment for use by Federal, State, and local governmental agencies, emergency response providers, and the private sector to prevent, prepare for, or respond to acts of terrorism.</text></paragraph><after-quoted-block>;</after-quoted-block></quoted-block></paragraph>
<paragraph id="H6E8E0E32CE12496F81519672FCBDE335"><enum>(2)</enum><text>by redesignating subsection (c) as subsection (d); and</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="HFBF3241356254B93951E481B647E02AD"><enum>(3)</enum><text>by inserting after subsection (b) the following new subsection:</text>
<quoted-block id="HD9CC7824B2B04B1D99BFE7614100B707">
<subsection id="HEE510641E84C49E4BC83548300E6C97F"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Technology transfer program</header><text>In developing the program described in subsection (b)(6), the Secretary, acting through the Under Secretary for Science and Technology, shall—</text>
<paragraph id="H148B7F47FE4248538ED5CCB3BF6FB04"><enum>(1)</enum><text>in consultation with the other Undersecretaries of the Department and the Director of the Office for Domestic Preparedness, on an ongoing basis—</text>
<subparagraph id="HE461D626ED1D4C20927D4598EF32A9A8"><enum>(A)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">conduct surveys and reviews of available appropriate technologies that have been, or are in the process of being developed or demonstrated by the Department, other Federal agencies, or the private sector or foreign governments and international organizations and that may be useful in assisting Federal, State, and local governmental agencies, emergency response providers, or the private sector to prevent, prepare for, or respond to acts of terrorism;</text></subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="H6451895E58DE45779F596783D04BB4B9"><enum>(B)</enum><text>conduct or support research and development as appropriate of technologies identified under subparagraph (A), including any necessary modifications to such technologies for anti-terrorism use;</text></subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="H87599AD2611E4FA08D6D09BCFE1DC83"><enum>(C)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">communicate to Federal, State, and local governmental agencies, emergency response providers, or the private sector the availability of such technologies for anti-terrorism use, as well as the technology’s specifications, satisfaction of appropriate standards, and the appropriate grants available from the Department to purchase such technologies;</text></subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="H8268FFC50FEF4D8BB193C6F6D7310000"><enum>(D)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">coordinate the selection and administration of all technology transfer activities of the Science and Technology Directorate, including projects and grants awarded to the private sector and academia; and</text></subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="HF3B63B73D3034DBBA99BB2CF77C41EAC"><enum>(E)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">identify priorities based on current risk assessments within the Department of Homeland Security for identifying, researching, developing, modifying, and fielding existing technologies for anti-terrorism purposes; and</text></subparagraph></paragraph>
<paragraph id="HD47FE8EF401D46348821B0BCF45FB6D3"><enum>(2)</enum><text>in support of the activities described in paragraph (1)—</text>
<subparagraph id="H5EF5AD7DBEF74FECB91E15003B6DDCB3"><enum>(A)</enum><text>consult with Federal, State, and local emergency response providers;</text></subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="HC54FE13B30B644B6B56034348366C1C5"><enum>(B)</enum><text>consult with government and nationally recognized standards organizations as appropriate;</text></subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="H3952841F77F9449682C2CA001EDE6CEF"><enum>(C)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">enter into agreements and coordinate with other Federal agencies and foreign governments and international organizations as the Secretary determines appropriate, in order to maximize the effectiveness of such technologies or to facilitate commercialization of such technologies; and</text></subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="H0F520C8DA79B414EACBCF6453278296D"><enum>(D)</enum><text>consult with existing technology transfer programs and Federal and State training centers that research, develop, and transfer military and other technologies for use by emergency response providers.</text></subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block></paragraph></subsection>
<subsection id="H564548B70ACA4CE58EC5EB34F3BD857"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Report</header><text>Not later than one year after the date of enactment of this Act, the Under Secretary for Science and Technology shall transmit to the Congress a description of the progress the Department has made in implementing the provisions of section 313 of the Homeland Security Act of 2002, as amended by this Act, including a description of the process used to review unsolicited proposals received as described in subsection (b)(3) of such section.</text></subsection>
<subsection id="H4F33C283D066438B008DC0835271F4F9"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Savings Clause</header><text>Nothing in this section (including the amendments made by this section) shall be construed to alter or diminish the effect of the limitation on the authority of the Secretary of Homeland Security under section 302(4) of the Homeland Security Act of 2002 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/6/182">6 U.S.C. 182(4)</external-xref>) with respect to human health-related research and development activities.</text></subsection></section>
<section id="H9656CE4C5E5A40DABAA975BDD2F6A8C5" display-inline="no-display-inline" section-type="subsequent-section"><enum>303.</enum><header>Requirements relating to the Container Security Initiative (CSI)</header>
<subsection id="H327E67CE636F44348163CA517F9219AC"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Risk assessment and designation of new foreign seaports</header>
<paragraph id="HC619E516B8B74D91BB6181B2101BF12D"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Risk assessment</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The Secretary of Homeland Security shall conduct a risk assessment of each foreign seaport that the Secretary is considering designating as a port under the Container Security Initiative (CSI) on or after the date of the enactment of this Act. Each such assessment shall evaluate the level of risk for the potential compromise of cargo containers by terrorists or terrorist weapons at the port.</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="H789092CD9CD34D2C92BFC27EAB622739"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Designation</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The Secretary is authorized to designate a foreign seaport as a port under CSI on or after the date of the enactment of this Act only if the Secretary determines pursuant to an assessment under paragraph (1) that a significant level of risk exists for the potential compromise of cargo containers by terrorists or terrorist weapons at the port.</text></paragraph></subsection>
<subsection id="H410DBFFE5D564EE8B037DDCD7217E4DE"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Deployment of inspection equipment to new CSI ports</header>
<paragraph id="HD998D80337DE4EA3B0F0B46F62D9ADC3"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Deployment</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The Secretary is authorized to assist in the deployment of non-intrusive inspection equipment for cargo containers at each CSI port designated under subsection (a)(2) and provide training for personnel at the CSI port to operate the non-intrusive inspection equipment.</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="H9CA61495065B4BC5959000E3EBD1F73"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Additional requirements</header><text>The Secretary shall establish technical capability requirements and standard operating procedures for non-intrusive inspection equipment described in paragraph (1) and shall require each CSI port to agree to operate such equipment in accordance with such requirements and procedures as a condition for receiving the equipment and training under such paragraph.</text></paragraph></subsection>
<subsection id="HE4FFC6CE0FAE41CB90D5AE819731CE5C"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Deployment of personnel to new CSI ports; re-evaluation of personnel at all CSI ports</header>
<paragraph id="HB72765E20ADF4CD9995E031300D6FC92"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Deployment</header><text>The Secretary shall deploy Department of Homeland Security personnel to each CSI port designated under subsection (a)(1) with respect to which the Secretary determines that the deployment is necessary to successfully implement the requirements of CSI at the port. </text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="H6205382CE8354D609984ABD8E4FDE39F"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Re-evaluation</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The Secretary shall periodically review relevant risk assessment information with respect to all CSI ports at which Department of Homeland Security personnel are deployed to assess whether or not continued deployment of such personnel, in whole or in part, is necessary to successfully implement the requirements of CSI at the port.</text></paragraph></subsection>
<subsection id="HCA4A1DAFBCCB484CB86C3156ABAB4E35"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Inspection and screening at United States ports of entry</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Cargo containers arriving at a United States port of entry from a CSI port shall undergo the same level of inspection and screening as cargo containers arriving at a United States port of entry from a foreign seaport that is not participating in CSI unless the containers were initially inspected at the CSI port at the request of CSI personnel and such personnel verify and electronically record that the inspection indicates that the containers do not contain unlawful goods or persons.</text></subsection>
<subsection id="HDE57F4C8D4D2434E8BD4B99C8CE28292" commented="no"><enum>(e)</enum><header>Definition</header><text>In this section, the term <quote>Container Security Initiative</quote> or <quote>CSI</quote> means the program carried out by the Department of Homeland Security under which the Department enters into agreements with foreign seaports to—</text>
<paragraph id="H77A5C234212849929EB71380FC2132AE" commented="no"><enum>(1)</enum><text>establish security criteria to identify high-risk maritime cargo containers bound for the United States based on advance information; and</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="HFD67F7D5F781478E974F70A4D5E54B00" commented="no"><enum>(2)</enum><text>screen or inspect such maritime cargo containers for unlawful goods and persons prior to shipment to the United States. </text></paragraph></subsection></section></subtitle>
<subtitle id="H7E893D6354274BAB84076D9EB525D800"><enum>B</enum><header>Department of Homeland Security Cybersecurity Enhancement</header>
<section section-type="subsequent-section" id="H7825F96BA89440A0BFDADEF921166B27" display-inline="no-display-inline"><enum>311.</enum><header>Short title</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">This subtitle may be cited as the <quote><short-title>Department of Homeland Security Cybersecurity Enhancement Act of 2005</short-title></quote>.</text></section>
<section id="H8917BC0DD9674D109EE5106048EE009E"><enum>312.</enum><header>Assistant Secretary for Cybersecurity</header>
<subsection id="H1D5AF245946542CBADE8C60248A68B58"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In general</header><text>Subtitle A of title II of the Homeland Security Act of 2002 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/6/121">6 U.S.C. 121 et seq.</external-xref>) is further amended by adding at the end the following:</text>
<quoted-block id="H4B4EE8111EF948A08351AF4CE484B334">
<section id="HDD3E237D301C4EB9AAEFDC4AC85B8BB"><enum>207.</enum><header>Assistant Secretary for Cybersecurity</header>
<subsection id="H94D264452F7F4FD6BD04B175B9387A7"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In general</header><text>There shall be in the Directorate for Information Analysis and Infrastructure Protection a National Cybersecurity Office headed by an Assistant Secretary for Cybersecurity (in this section referred to as the <quote>Assistant Secretary</quote>), who shall assist the Secretary in promoting cybersecurity for the Nation.</text></subsection>
<subsection id="H8B51C64D722F4B9E8960501C79F1B8E"><enum>(b)</enum><header>General authority</header><text>The Assistant Secretary, subject to the direction and control of the Secretary, shall have primary authority within the Department for all cybersecurity-related critical infrastructure protection programs of the Department, including with respect to policy formulation and program management.</text></subsection>
<subsection id="HE20AF9EEDDE7413A824EE00875D04108"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Responsibilities</header><text>The responsibilities of the Assistant Secretary shall include the following:</text>
<paragraph id="HFAB5A2566DB04E8A84A2ECDF0C97E65"><enum>(1)</enum><text>To establish and manage—</text>
<subparagraph id="H4CF74E291D2C46F0A84700C5ED105FC"><enum>(A)</enum><text>a national cybersecurity response system that includes the ability to—</text>
<clause id="HF35CCCBC4EDB48FBABFD21C88C346395"><enum>(i)</enum><text>analyze the effect of cybersecurity threat information on national critical infrastructure; and</text></clause>
<clause id="HD3BF33F57CC84AA69CCEFB1D18328D64"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>aid in the detection and warning of attacks on, and in the restoration of, cybersecurity infrastructure in the aftermath of such attacks;</text></clause></subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="HD56ED125EF1549D8B5EC1B9E15F1F00"><enum>(B)</enum><text>a national cybersecurity threat and vulnerability reduction program that identifies cybersecurity vulnerabilities that would have a national effect on critical infrastructure, performs vulnerability assessments on information technologies, and coordinates the mitigation of such vulnerabilities;</text></subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="H51876415996D4E29A7A4D34BB6A99C68"><enum>(C)</enum><text>a national cybersecurity awareness and training program that promotes cybersecurity awareness among the public and the private sectors and promotes cybersecurity training and education programs;</text></subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="HAB004937F61E41D7A401080000006807"><enum>(D)</enum><text>a government cybersecurity program to coordinate and consult with Federal, State, and local governments to enhance their cybersecurity programs; and</text></subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="H7E0BF7DF261040E3A4A9C334160027DE"><enum>(E)</enum><text>a national security and international cybersecurity cooperation program to help foster Federal efforts to enhance international cybersecurity awareness and cooperation.</text></subparagraph></paragraph>
<paragraph id="H6A0236B2F601405A00EAB2371722DC04"><enum>(2)</enum><text>To coordinate with the private sector on the program under paragraph (1) as appropriate, and to promote cybersecurity information sharing, vulnerability assessment, and threat warning regarding critical infrastructure.</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="HE7464BB2903441D9B500FF339C504B5E"><enum>(3)</enum><text>To coordinate with other directorates and offices within the Department on the cybersecurity aspects of their missions.</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="H7D0F13DE380242B4987B04D8F15DC26D"><enum>(4)</enum><text>To coordinate with the Under Secretary for Emergency Preparedness and Response to ensure that the National Response Plan developed pursuant to section 502(6) of the Homeland Security Act of 2002 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/6/312">6 U.S.C. 312(6)</external-xref>) includes appropriate measures for the recovery of the cybersecurity elements of critical infrastructure.</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="H67FD4989C04F4774A76DAFA91D95DE7"><enum>(5)</enum><text>To develop processes for information sharing with the private sector, consistent with section 214, that—</text>
<subparagraph id="HD8BB05D03221486C90CF0030D8857DC9"><enum>(A)</enum><text>promote voluntary cybersecurity best practices, standards, and benchmarks that are responsive to rapid technology changes and to the security needs of critical infrastructure; and</text></subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="H0A211D08D2ED413B95C711FE94AEF712"><enum>(B)</enum><text>consider roles of Federal, State, local, and foreign governments and the private sector, including the insurance industry and auditors.</text></subparagraph></paragraph>
<paragraph id="H3F6ED06A33CE42FDB664955DBA87D685"><enum>(6)</enum><text>To coordinate with the Chief Information Officer of the Department in establishing a secure information sharing architecture and information sharing processes, including with respect to the Department’s operation centers.</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="H52CAEACE9AC94E8584ADAA92E309AD99"><enum>(7)</enum><text>To consult with the Electronic Crimes Task Force of the United States Secret Service on private sector outreach and information activities.</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="H40C9FD960E1C4257B8004BDC748F5919"><enum>(8)</enum><text>To consult with the Office for Domestic Preparedness to ensure that realistic cybersecurity scenarios are incorporated into tabletop and recovery exercises.</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="H7F1638CB10A240F6919757143D79D008"><enum>(9)</enum><text>To consult and coordinate, as appropriate, with other Federal agencies on cybersecurity-related programs, policies, and operations.</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="H0CC7D5A0F98E47B9ABB61741400C387"><enum>(10)</enum><text>To consult and coordinate within the Department and, where appropriate, with other relevant Federal agencies, on security of digital control systems, such as Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) systems.</text></paragraph></subsection>
<subsection id="H35BC16BB6540424F98B364A0F9D30720"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Authority over the National Communications System</header><text>The Assistant Secretary shall have primary authority within the Department over the National Communications System.</text></subsection></section><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block></subsection>
<subsection id="HBF7860320CA74CEBA290E63FB83D53E1"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Clerical amendment</header><text>The table of contents in section 1(b) of such Act is amended by adding at the end of the items relating to subtitle A of title II the following:</text>
<quoted-block style="USC" id="H1740DC73AE134D86A1ED437E7D4C71F5">
<toc regeneration="no-regeneration">
<toc-entry level="section">207. Assistant Secretary for Cybersecurity</toc-entry></toc><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block></subsection></section>
<section id="H186D08376D3247798B09A6D79800C629" display-inline="no-display-inline" section-type="subsequent-section"><enum>313.</enum><header>Cybersecurity defined</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">Section 2 of the Homeland Security Act of 2002 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/6/101">6 U.S.C. 101</external-xref>) is amended by adding at the end the following:</text>
<quoted-block id="H86642C51BCC64E7A828FD4FC965EB100">
<paragraph id="H8850C9BE1553435F96E50BCD954C72"><enum>(17)</enum>
<subparagraph id="H815F5D71DF864B4ABDCFA54194D2892" display-inline="yes-display-inline"><enum>(A)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The term <term>cybersecurity</term> means the prevention of damage to, the protection of, and the restoration of computers, electronic communications systems, electronic communication services, wire communication, and electronic communication, including information contained therein, to ensure its availability, integrity, authentication, confidentiality, and nonrepudiation.</text></subparagraph>
<subparagraph indent="up1" id="HEFF3A25F973B4ACFB7966024755B5198"><enum>(B)</enum><text>In this paragraph—</text>
<clause id="H408B094952724BC9964E32948FA3B4B9"><enum>(i)</enum><text>each of the terms <term>damage</term> and <term>computer</term> has the meaning that term has in <external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/18/1030">section 1030</external-xref> of title 18, United States Code; and</text></clause>
<clause id="H779368E4B49B494890D7F95B147D384D"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>each of the terms <term>electronic communications system</term>, <term>electronic communication service</term>, <term>wire communication</term>, and <term>electronic communication</term> has the meaning that term has in <external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/18/2510">section 2510</external-xref> of title 18, United States Code.</text></clause></subparagraph></paragraph><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block></section></subtitle>
<enum>IV</enum><header>Miscellaneous</header>
<section id="H3D3DC8A33CA84E6F9EFE10253C4E68B3" section-type="subsequent-section"><enum>401.</enum><header>Border security and enforcement coordination and operations</header>
<subsection id="H9EF53A1D32874574AF1FEB1170ABBBA"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Findings</header><text>The Congress makes the following findings: </text>
<paragraph id="HFF1FED74EFCB4E6488B3E5854599B786"><enum>(1)</enum><text>In creating the Department of Homeland Security, the Congress sought to enhance the Nation’s capabilities to prevent, protect against, and respond to terrorist acts by consolidating existing Federal agencies with homeland security functions into a single new Department, and by realigning the missions of those legacy agencies to more directly support our national homeland security efforts.</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="HD462F1B8B2EE4457B2AB6100F82E0749"><enum>(2)</enum><text>As part of this massive government reorganization, section 442 of the Homeland Security Act of 2002 (<external-xref legal-doc="public-law" parsable-cite="pl/107/273">Public Law 107–273</external-xref>) established a Bureau of Border Security and transferred into it all of the functions, programs, personnel, assets, and liabilities pertaining to the following programs: the Border Patrol; alien detention and removal; immigration-related intelligence, investigations, and enforcement activities; and immigration inspections at ports of entry.</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="HDED92743B65F4DD294D8BF15B4548068"><enum>(3)</enum><text>Title IV of the Homeland Security Act of 2002 (<external-xref legal-doc="public-law" parsable-cite="pl/107/273">Public Law 107–273</external-xref>) also transferred to the new Department the United States Customs Service, as a distinct entity within the new Department, to further the Department’s border integrity mission.</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="H6E8F95AAA0594A2280DA1BB58BC1D08"><enum>(4)</enum><text>Utilizing its reorganization authority provided in the Homeland Security Act of 2002, the President submitted a reorganization plan for the Department on January 30, 2003.</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="H80CF91F22FC24ADB88F2D200C7CE106"><enum>(5)</enum><text>This plan merged the customs and immigration border inspection and patrol functions, along with agricultural inspections functions, into a new entity called United States Customs and Border Protection.</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="H331D3682582945D2AA7D00486ED591FC"><enum>(6)</enum><text>The plan also combined the customs and immigration enforcement agents, as well as the Office of Detention and Removal Operations, the Office of Federal Protective Service, the Office of Federal Air Marshal Service, and the Office of Intelligence, into another new entity called United States Immigration and Customs Enforcement.</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="HE98106010EB54E95B84B7688F9879BF1"><enum>(7)</enum><text>The President’s January 30, 2003, reorganization plan did not explain the reasons for separating immigration inspection and border patrol functions from other immigration-related enforcement activities, which was contrary to the single Bureau of Border Security as prescribed by the Congress in the section 441 of the Homeland Security Act of 2002.</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="HAD78903C419542818EEC44EEF98BB700"><enum>(8)</enum><text>Two years after this structure has been in effect, questions remain about whether the Department has organized itself properly, and is managing its customs and immigration enforcement and border security resources in the most efficient, sensible, and effective manner.</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="HD8750663AED04F7E97FD73877009BA0"><enum>(9)</enum><text>The current structure has resulted in less cooperation and information sharing between these two critical functions than is desirable, and has caused operational and administrative difficulties that are hampering efforts to secure our borders and ensure the integrity of our border control system.</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="HC3DE7EE48AF240888B152F8D521B559E"><enum>(10)</enum><text>United States Immigration and Customs Enforcement has faced major budgetary challenges that are, in part, attributable to the inexact division of resources upon the separation of immigration functions. These budget shortfalls have forced United States Immigration and Customs Enforcement to impose hiring freezes and to release aliens that otherwise should be detained.</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="H15957060DF74430D00DD9490FBF5ED00"><enum>(11)</enum><text>The current structure also has resulted in unnecessary overlap and duplication between United States Immigration and Customs Enforcement and United States Customs and Border Protection, both in the field and at the headquarters level. There are intelligence, legislative affairs, public affairs and international affairs offices in both agencies.</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="H1E728922CE4B4286BB7733E072BD029C"><enum>(12)</enum><text>Border security and customs and immigration enforcement should be one seamless mission, focused on ensuring the integrity of our border control system.</text></paragraph></subsection>
<subsection id="H988BFFB5E0BE48FBA320C91FEC86EFEA"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Report</header>
<paragraph id="H4667D6AA27A541DD885BD632DBE4ECF0"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In general</header><text>Not later than 30 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Homeland Security shall review and evaluate the current organizational structure of the Department of Homeland Security established by the President’s January 30, 2003, reorganization plan and submit a report of findings and recommendations to the Committee on Homeland Security of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Homeland Security and Government Affairs of the Senate.</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="H00CC46DE97EA4AE483BB2D546994C272"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Contents of report</header><text>The report shall include—</text>
<subparagraph id="H450516C926D64336B96D30902B0294FB"><enum>(A)</enum><text>a description of the rationale for, and any benefits of, the current organizational division of United States Immigration and Customs Enforcement and United States Customs and Border Protection, with respect to the Department’s homeland security mission;</text></subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="H10BDF98CA6C443539543FD68F6C82C9"><enum>(B)</enum><text>a description of the organization, missions, operations, and policies of United States Customs and Border Protection and United States Immigration and Customs Enforcement, and areas of unnecessary overlap or operational gaps among and between these missions;</text></subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="HB3FE50E32AA143A386D94B61C1F42DE1"><enum>(C)</enum><text>an analysis of alternative organizational structures that could provide a more effective way to deliver maximum efficiencies and mission success;</text></subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="H47E4C563A6F0400900B83797E09E2704"><enum>(D)</enum><text>a description of the current role of the Directorate of Border and Transportation Security with respect to providing adequate direction and oversight of the two agencies, and whether this management structure is still necessary;</text></subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="H72AD5A605EF544AD00B16DA17D5E6003"><enum>(E)</enum><text>an analysis of whether the Federal Air Marshals and the Federal Protective Service are properly located within United States Immigration and Customs Enforcement;</text></subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="HADA9E16E56BF45848C3328D73BC81928"><enum>(F)</enum><text>the proper placement and functions of a specialized investigative and patrol unit operating at the southwest border on the Tohono O’Odham Nation, known as the Shadow Wolves;</text></subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="H513DEECE06EF4D33914EAC11D3F6AA2E"><enum>(G)</enum><text>the potential costs of reorganization, including financial, programmatic and other costs, to the Department; and</text></subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="HFE292A05F4A34064A8E0860005C76BB"><enum>(H)</enum><text>a detailed action plan for correcting the operational and administrative problems that have been caused by the division of United States Customs and Border Protection and United States Immigration and Customs Enforcement, including appropriate reorganization plans.</text></subparagraph></paragraph></subsection></section>
<section id="H1B611B37B4E847A283A6509DDD6C8F7" section-type="subsequent-section" display-inline="no-display-inline"><enum>402.</enum><header>GAO report to Congress</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline"> Not later than 6 months after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Comptroller General of the United States shall submit to the Congress a report that sets forth—</text>
<paragraph id="H6E833C4F8C204F2E89B3457E6037A4D9"><enum>(1)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">an assessment of the effectiveness of the organizational and management structure of the Department of Homeland Security in meeting the Department’s counter-terrorism missions; and</text></paragraph>
<paragraph id="H718EBE1EAF684FD2BEE593313588838D"><enum>(2)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">recommendations to facilitate and improve the organization and management of the Department to best meet those missions.</text></paragraph></section>