[Congressional Bills 107th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[S. 1075 Introduced in Senate (IS)]







107th CONGRESS
  1st Session
                                S. 1075

  To extend and modify the Drug-Free Communities Support Program, to 
 authorize a National Community Antidrug Coalition Institute, and for 
                            other purposes.


_______________________________________________________________________


                   IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES

                             June 20, 2001

  Mr. Grassley (for himself, Mr. Biden, Mr. Smith of Oregon, and Mr. 
   Daschle) introduced the following bill; which was read twice and 
               referred to the Committee on the Judiciary

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL


 
  To extend and modify the Drug-Free Communities Support Program, to 
 authorize a National Community Antidrug Coalition Institute, and for 
                            other purposes.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. EXTENSION OF DRUG-FREE COMMUNITIES SUPPORT PROGRAM.

    (a) Findings.--Congress makes the following findings:
            (1) In the next 15 years, the youth population in the 
        United States will grow by 21 percent, adding 6,500,000 youth 
        to the population of the United States. Even if drug use rates 
        remain constant, there will be a huge surge in drug-related 
        problems, such as academic failure, drug-related violence, and 
        HIV incidence, simply due to this population increase.
            (2) According to the 1994-1996 National Household Survey, 
        60 percent of students age 12 to 17 who frequently cut classes 
        and who reported delinquent behavior in the past 6 months used 
        marijuana 52 days or more in the previous year.
            (3) The 2000 Washington Kids Count survey conducted by the 
        University of Washington reported that students whose peers 
        have little or no involvement with drinking and drugs have 
        higher math and reading scores than students whose peers had 
        low level drinking or drug use.
            (4) Substance abuse prevention works. In 1999, only 10 
        percent of teens saw marijuana users as popular, compared to 17 
        percent in 1998 and 19 percent in 1997. The rate of past-month 
        use of any drug among 12 to 17 year olds declined 26 percent 
        between 1997 and 1999. Marijuana use for sixth through eighth 
        graders is at the lowest point in 5 years, as is use of 
        cocaine, inhalants, and hallucinogens.
            (5) Community Anti-Drug Coalitions throughout the United 
        States are successfully developing and implementing 
        comprehensive, long-term strategies to reduce substance abuse 
        among youth on a sustained basis. For example:
                    (A) The Boston Coalition brought college and 
                university presidents together to create the 
                Cooperative Agreement on Underage Drinking. This 
                agreement represents the first coordinated effort of 
                Boston's many institutions of higher education to 
                address issues such as binge drinking, underage 
                drinking, and changing the norms surrounding alcohol 
                abuse that exist on college and university campuses.
                    (B) The Miami Coalition used a three-part strategy 
                to decrease the percentage of high school seniors who 
                reported using marijuana at least once during the most 
                recent 30-day period. The development of a media 
                strategy, the creation of a network of prevention 
                agencies, and discussions with high school students 
                about the dangers of marijuana all contributed to a 
                decrease in the percentage of seniors who reported 
                using marijuana from more than 22 percent in 1995 to 9 
                percent in 1997. The Miami Coalition was able to 
                achieve these results while national rates of marijuana 
                use were increasing.
                    (C) The Nashville Prevention Partnership worked 
                with elementary and middle school children in an 
                attempt to influence them toward positive life goals 
                and discourage them from using substances. The 
                Partnership targeted an area in East Nashville and 
                created after school programs, mentoring opportunities, 
                attendance initiatives, and safe passages to and from 
                school. Attendance and test scores increased as a 
                result of the program.
                    (D) At a youth-led town meeting sponsored by the 
                Bering Strait Community Partnership in Nome, Alaska, 
                youth identified a need for a safe, substance-free 
                space. With help from a variety of community partners, 
                the Partnership staff and youth members created the 
                Java Hut, a substance-free coffeehouse designed for 
                youth. The Java Hut is helping to change norms in the 
                community by providing a fun, youth-friendly atmosphere 
                and activities that are not centered around alcohol or 
                marijuana.
                    (E) Portland's Regional Drug Initiative (RDI) has 
                promoted the establishment of drug-free workplaces 
                among the city's large and small employers. More than 
                3,000 employers have attended an RDI training session, 
                and of those, 92 percent have instituted drug-free 
                workplace policies. As a result, there has been a 5.5 
                percent decrease in positive workplace drug tests.
                    (F) San Antonio Fighting Back worked to increase 
                the age at which youth first used illegal substances. 
                Research suggests that the later the age of first use, 
                the lower the risk that a young person will become a 
                regular substance abuser. As a result, the age of first 
                illegal drug use increased from 9.4 years in 1992 to 
                13.5 years in 1997.
                    (G) In 1990, multiple data sources confirmed a 
                trend of increased alcohol use by teenagers in the Troy 
                community. Using its ``multiple strategies over 
                multiple sectors'' approach, the Troy Coalition worked 
                with parents, physicians, students, coaches, and others 
                to address this problem from several angles. As a 
                result, the rate of twelfth grade students who had 
                consumed alcohol in the past month decreased from 62.1 
                percent to 53.3 percent between  1991 and 1998, and the 
rate of eighth grade students decreased from 26.3 percent to 17.4 
percent. The Troy Coalition believes that this decline represents not 
only a change in behavior on the part of students, but also a change in 
the norms of the community.
                    (H) In 2000, the Coalition for a Drug-Free Greater 
                Cincinnati surveyed more than 47,000 local seventh 
                through twelfth graders. The results provided evidence 
                that the Coalition's initiatives are working. For the 
                first time in a decade, teen drug use in Greater 
                Cincinnati appears to be leveling off. The data 
                collected from the survey has served as a tool to 
                strengthen relationships between schools and 
                communities, as well as facilitate the growth of anti-
                drug coalitions in communities where they had not 
                existed.
            (6) Despite these successes, drug use continues to be a 
        serious problem facing communities across the United States. 
        For example:
                    (A) According to the Pulse Check: Trends in Drug 
                Abuse Mid-Year 2000 report--
                            (i) crack and powder cocaine remains the 
                        most serious drug problem;
                            (ii) marijuana remains the most widely 
                        available illicit drug, and its potency is on 
                        the rise;
                            (iii) treatment sources report an increase 
                        in admissions with marijuana as the primary 
                        drug of abuse--and adolescents outnumber other 
                        age groups entering treatment for marijuana;
                            (iv) 80 percent of Pulse Check sources 
                        reported increased availability of club drugs, 
                        with ecstasy (MDMA) and ketamine the most 
                        widely cited club drugs and seven sources 
                        reporting that powder cocaine is being used as 
                        a club drug by young adults;
                            (v) ecstasy abuse and trafficking is 
                        expanding, no longer confined to the ``rave'' 
                        scene;
                            (vi) the sale and use of club drugs has 
                        grown from nightclubs and raves to high 
                        schools, the streets, neighborhoods, open 
                        venues, and younger ages;
                            (vii) ecstasy users often are unknowingly 
                        purchasing adulterated tablets or some other 
                        substance sold as MDMA; and
                            (viii) along with reports of increased 
                        heroin snorting as a route of administration 
                        for initiates, there is also an increase in 
                        injecting initiates and the negative health 
                        consequences associated with injection (for 
                        example, increases in HIV/AIDS and Hepatitis C) 
                        suggesting that there is a generational 
                        forgetting of the dangers of injection of the 
                        drug.
                    (B) The 2000 Parent's Resource Institute for Drug 
                Education study reported that 23.6 percent of children 
                in the sixth through twelfth grades used illicit drugs 
                in the past year. The same study found that monthly 
                usage among this group was 15.3 percent.
                    (C) According to the 2000 Monitoring the Future 
                study, the use of ecstasy among eighth graders 
                increased from 1.7 percent in 1999 to 3.1 percent in 
                2000, among tenth graders from 4.4 percent to 5.4 
                percent, and from 5.6 percent to 8.2 percent among 
                twelfth graders.
                    (D) A 1999 Mellman Group study found that--
                            (i) 56 percent of the population in the 
                        United States believed that drug use was 
                        increasing in 1999;
                            (ii) 92 percent of the population viewed 
                        illegal drug use as a serious problem in the 
                        United States; and
                            (iii) 73 percent of the population viewed 
                        illegal drug use as a serious problem in their 
                        communities.
            (7) According to the 2001 report of the National Center on 
        Addiction and Substance Abuse at Columbia University entitled 
        ``Shoveling Up: The Impact of Substance Abuse on State 
        Budgets'', using the most conservative assumption, in 1998 
        States spent $77,900,000,000 to shovel up the wreckage of 
        substance abuse, only $3,000,000,000 to prevent and treat the 
        problem and $433,000,000 for alcohol and tobacco regulation and 
        compliance. This $77,900,000,000 burden was distributed as 
        follows:
                    (A) $30,700,000,000 in the justice system (77 
                percent of justice spending).
                    (B) $16,500,000,000 in education costs (10 percent 
                of education spending).
                    (C) $15,200,000,000 in health costs (25 percent of 
                health spending).
                    (D) $7,700,000,000 in child and family assistance 
                (32 percent of child and family assistance spending).
                    (E) $5,900,000,000 in mental health and 
                developmental disabilities (31 percent of mental health 
                spending).
                    (F) $1,500,000,000 in public safety (26 percent of 
                public safety spending) and $400,000,000 for the state 
                workforce.
            (8) Intergovernmental cooperation and coordination through 
        national, State, and local or tribal leadership and 
        partnerships are critical to facilitate the reduction of 
        substance abuse among youth in communities across the United 
        States.
            (9) Substance abuse is perceived as a much greater problem 
        nationally than at the community level. According to a 2001 
        study sponsored by The Pew Charitable Trusts, between 1994 and 
        2000--
                    (A) there was a 43 percent increase in the 
                percentage of Americans who felt progress was being 
                made in the war on drugs at the community level;
                    (B) only 9 percent of Americans say drug abuse is a 
                ``crisis'' in their neighborhood, compared to 27 
                percent who say this about the nation; and
                    (C) the percentage of those who felt we lost ground 
                in the war on drugs on a community level fell by more 
                than a quarter, from 51 percent in 1994 to 37 percent 
                in 2000.
    (b) Extension and Increase of Program.--Section 1024(a) of the 
National Narcotics Leadership Act of 1988 (21 U.S.C. 1524(a)) is 
amended--
            (1) by striking ``and'' at the end of paragraph (4); and
            (2) by striking paragraph (5) and inserting the following 
        new paragraphs:
            ``(5) $50,600,000 for fiscal year 2002;
            ``(6) $60,000,000 for fiscal year 2003;
            ``(7) $70,000,000 for fiscal year 2004;
            ``(8) $70,000,000 for fiscal year 2005;
            ``(9) $75,000,000 for fiscal year 2006; and
            ``(10) $75,000,000 for fiscal year 2007.''.
    (c) Extension of Limitation on Administrative Costs.--Section 
1024(b) of that Act (21 U.S.C. 1524(b)) is amended by striking 
paragraph (5) and inserting the following new paragraph (5):
            ``(5) 8 percent for each of fiscal years 2002 through 
        2007.''.
    (d) Additional Grants.--Section 1032(b) of that Act (21 U.S.C. 
1533(b)) is amended by adding at the end the following new paragraph 
(3):
            ``(3) Additional grants.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Subject to subparagraph (F), the 
                Administrator may award an additional grant under this 
                paragraph to an eligible coalition awarded a grant 
                under paragraph (1) or (2) for any first fiscal year 
                after the end of the 4-year period following the period 
                of the initial grant under paragraph (1) or (2), as the 
                case may be.
                    ``(B) Scope of grants.--A coalition awarded a grant 
                under paragraph (1) or (2), including a renewal grant 
                under such paragraph, may not be awarded another grant 
                under such paragraph, and is eligible for an additional 
                grant under this section only under this paragraph.
                    ``(C) No priority for applications.--The 
                Administrator may not afford a higher priority in the 
                award of an additional grant under this paragraph than 
                the Administrator would afford the applicant for the 
                grant if the applicant were submitting an application 
                for an initial grant under paragraph (1) or (2) rather 
                than an application for a grant under this paragraph.
                    ``(D) Renewal grants.--Subject to subparagraph (F), 
                the Administrator may award a renewal grant to a grant 
                recipient under this paragraph for each of the fiscal 
                years of the 4-fiscal year period following the fiscal 
                year for which the initial additional grant under 
                subparagraph (A) is awarded in an amount not to exceed 
                amounts as follows:
                            ``(i) For the first and second fiscal years 
                        of that 4-fiscal year period, the amount equal 
                        to 80 percent of the non-Federal funds, 
                        including in-kind contributions, raised by the 
                        coalition for the applicable fiscal year.
                            ``(ii) For the second, third, and fourth 
                        fiscal years of that 4-fiscal year period, the 
                        amount equal to 67 percent of the non-Federal 
                        funds, including in-kind contributions, raised 
                        by the coalition for the applicable fiscal 
                        year.
                    ``(E) Suspension.--If a grant recipient under this 
                paragraph fails to continue to meet the criteria 
                specified in subsection (a), the Administrator may 
                suspend the grant, after providing written notice to 
                the grant recipient and an opportunity to appeal.
                    ``(F) Limitation.--The amount of a grant award 
                under this paragraph may not exceed $100,000 for a 
                fiscal year.''.
    (e) Data Collection and Dissemination.--Section 1033(b) of that Act 
(21 U.S.C. 1533(b)) is amended by adding at the end the following new 
paragraph:
            ``(3) Consultation.--The Administrator shall carry out 
        activities under this subsection in consultation with the 
        Advisory Commission and the National Community Antidrug 
        Coalition Institute.''.
    (f) Limitation on Use of Certain Funds for Evaluation of Program.--
Section 1033(b) of that Act, as amended by subsection (e) of this 
section, is further amended by adding at the end the following new 
paragraph:
            ``(4) Limitation on use of certain funds for evaluation of 
        program.--Amounts for activities under paragraph (2)(B) may not 
        be derived from amounts under section 1024(a), except for 
        amounts that are available under section 1024(b) for 
        administrative costs.''.

SEC. 2. SUPPLEMENTAL GRANTS FOR COALITION MENTORING ACTIVITIES UNDER 
              DRUG-FREE COMMUNITIES SUPPORT PROGRAM.

    Subchapter I of chapter 2 of the National Narcotics Leadership Act 
of 1988 (21 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the 
following new section:

``SEC. 1035. SUPPLEMENTAL GRANTS FOR COALITION MENTORING ACTIVITIES.

    ``(a) Authority To Make Grants.--As part of the program established 
under section 1031, the Director may award an initial grant under this 
subsection, and renewal grants under subsection (f), to any coalition 
awarded a grant under section 1032 that meets the criteria specified in 
subsection (d) in order to fund coalition mentoring activities by such 
coalition in support of the program.
    ``(b) Treatment with Other Grants.--
            ``(1) Supplement.--A grant awarded to a coalition under 
        this section is in addition to any grant awarded to the 
        coalition under section 1032.
            ``(2) Requirement for basic grant.--A coalition may not be 
        awarded a grant under this section for a fiscal year unless the 
        coalition was awarded a grant or renewal grant under section 
1032(b) for that fiscal year.
    ``(c) Application.--A coalition seeking a grant under this section 
shall submit to the Administrator an application for the grant in such 
form and manner as the Administrator may require.
    ``(d) Criteria.--A coalition meets the criteria specified in this 
subsection if the coalition--
            ``(1) has been in existence for at least 5 years;
            ``(2) has achieved, by or through its own efforts, 
        measurable results in the prevention and treatment of substance 
        abuse among youth;
            ``(3) has staff or members willing to serve as mentors for 
        persons seeking to start or expand the activities of other 
        coalitions in the prevention and treatment of substance abuse;
            ``(4) has demonstrable support from some members of the 
        community in which the coalition mentoring activities to be 
        supported by the grant under this section are to be carried 
        out; and
            ``(5) submits to the Administrator a detailed plan for the 
        coalition mentoring activities to be supported by the grant 
        under this section.
    ``(e) Use of Grant Funds.--A coalition awarded a grant under this 
section shall use the grant amount for mentoring activities to support 
and encourage the development of new, self-supporting community 
coalitions that are focused on the prevention and treatment of 
substance abuse in such new coalitions' communities. The mentoring 
coalition shall encourage such development in accordance with the plan 
submitted by the mentoring coalition under subsection (d)(5).
    ``(f) Renewal Grants.--The Administrator may make a renewal grant 
to any coalition awarded a grant under subsection (a), or a previous 
renewal grant under this subsection, if the coalition, at the time of 
application for such renewal grant--
            ``(1) continues to meet the criteria specified in 
        subsection (d); and
            ``(2) has made demonstrable progress in the development of 
        one or more new, self-supporting community coalitions that are 
        focused on the prevention and treatment of substance abuse.
    ``(g) Grant Amounts.--
            ``(1) In general.--Subject to paragraphs (2) and (3), the 
        total amount of grants awarded to a coalition under this 
        section for a fiscal year may not exceed the amount of non-
        Federal funds raised by the coalition, including in-kind 
        contributions, for that fiscal year.
            ``(2) Initial grants.--The amount of the initial grant 
        awarded to a coalition under subsection (a) may not exceed 
        $75,000.
            ``(3) Renewal grants.--The total amount of renewal grants 
        awarded to a coalition under subsection (f) for any fiscal year 
        may not exceed $75,000.
    ``(h) Fiscal Year Limitation on Amount Available For Grants.--The 
total amount available for grants under this section, including renewal 
grants under subsection (f), in any fiscal year may not exceed the 
amount equal to five percent of the amount authorized to be 
appropriated by section 1024(a) for that fiscal year.''.

SEC. 3. FIVE-YEAR EXTENSION OF ADVISORY COMMISSION ON DRUG-FREE 
              COMMUNITIES.

    Section 1048 of the National Narcotics Leadership Act of 1988 (21 
U.S.C. 1548) is amended by striking ``2002'' and inserting ``2007''.

SEC. 4. AUTHORIZATION FOR NATIONAL COMMUNITY ANTIDRUG COALITION 
              INSTITUTE.

    (a) In General.--The Director of the Office of National Drug 
Control Policy may, using amounts authorized to be appropriated by 
subsection (d), make a grant to an eligible organization to provide for 
the establishment of a National Community Antidrug Coalition Institute.
    (b) Eligible Organizations.--An organization eligible for the grant 
under subsection (a) is any national nonprofit organization that 
represents, provides technical assistance and training to, and has 
special expertise and broad, national-level experience in community 
antidrug coalitions under section 1032 of the National Narcotics 
Leadership Act of 1988 (21 U.S.C. 1532).
    (c) Use of Grant Amount.--The organization receiving the grant 
under subsection (a) shall establish a National Community Antidrug 
Coalition Institute to--
            (1) provide education, training, and technical assistance 
        for coalition leaders and community teams;
            (2) develop and disseminate evaluation tools, mechanisms, 
        and measures to better assess and document coalition 
        performance measures and outcomes; and
            (3) bridge the gap between research and practice by 
        translating knowledge from research into practical information.
    (d) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be 
appropriated for purposes of activities under this section, including 
the grant under subsection (a), amounts as follows:
            (1) For each of fiscal years 2002 and 2003, $2,000,000.
            (2) For each of fiscal years 2004, 2005, 2006, and 2007, 
        such sums as may be necessary for such activities.
                                 <all>