[Congressional Bills 107th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[H.R. 3009 Introduced in House (IH)]







107th CONGRESS
  1st Session
                                H. R. 3009

 To extend the Andean Trade Preference Act, to grant additional trade 
            benefits under that Act, and for other purposes.


_______________________________________________________________________


                    IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

                            October 3, 2001

 Mr. Crane (for himself and Mr. Thomas) introduced the following bill; 
         which was referred to the Committee on Ways and Means

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL


 
 To extend the Andean Trade Preference Act, to grant additional trade 
            benefits under that Act, and for other purposes.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Andean Trade Promotion and Drug 
Eradication Act''.

SEC. 2. FINDINGS.

    Congress makes the following findings:
            (1) Since the Andean Trade Preference Act was enacted in 
        1991, it has had a positive impact on United States trade with 
        Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru. Two-way trade has 
        doubled, with the United States serving as the leading source 
        of imports and leading export market for each of the Andean 
        beneficiary countries. This has resulted in increased jobs and 
        expanded export opportunities in both the United States and the 
        Andean region.
            (2) The Andean Trade Preference Act has been a key element 
        in the United States counternarcotics strategy in the Andean 
        region, promoting export diversification and broad-based 
        economic development that provides sustainable economic 
        alternatives to drug-crop production, strengthening the 
        legitimate economies of Andean countries and creating viable 
        alternatives to illicit trade in coca.
            (3) Notwithstanding the success of the Andean Trade 
        Preference Act, the Andean region remains threatened by 
        political and economic instability and fragility, vulnerable to 
        the consequences of the drug war and fierce global competition 
        for its legitimate trade.
            (4) The continuing instability in the Andean region poses a 
        threat to the security interests of the United States and the 
        world. This problem has been partially addressed through 
        foreign aid, such as Plan Colombia, enacted by Congress in 
        2000. However, foreign aid alone is not sufficient. Enhancement 
        of legitimate trade with the United States provides an 
        alternative means for reviving and stabilizing the economies in 
        the Andean region.
            (5) The Andean Trade Preference Act constitutes a tangible 
        commitment by the United States to the promotion of prosperity, 
        stability, and democracy in the beneficiary countries.
            (6) Renewal and enhancement of the Andean Trade Preference 
        Act will bolster the confidence of domestic private enterprise 
        and foreign investors in the economic prospects of the region, 
        ensuring that legitimate private enterprise can be the engine 
        of economic development and political stability in the region.
            (7) Each of the Andean beneficiary countries is committed 
        to conclude negotiation of a Free Trade Area of the Americas by 
        the year 2005, as a means of enhancing the economic security of 
        the region.
            (8) Temporarily enhancing trade benefits for Andean 
        beneficiary countries will promote the growth of free 
        enterprise and economic opportunity in these countries and 
        serve the security interests of the United States, the region, 
        and the world.

SEC. 3. ARTICLES ELIGIBLE FOR PREFERENTIAL TREATMENT.

    (a) Eligibility of Certain Articles.--Section 204 of the Andean 
Trade Preference Act (19 U.S.C. 3203) is amended--
            (1) by striking subsection (c) and redesignating 
        subsections (d) through (g) as subsections (c) through (f), 
        respectively; and
            (2) by amending subsection (b) to read as follows:
    ``(b) Exceptions and Special Rules.--
            ``(1) Certain articles that are not import-sensitive.--The 
        President may proclaim duty-free treatment under this title for 
        any of the following articles only if the article is the 
        product of an ATPEA beneficiary country and only if the 
        President determines that the article is not import-sensitive 
        in the context of imports from ATPEA beneficiary countries:
                  ``(A) Footwear not designated at the time of the 
                effective date of this Act as eligible for the purpose 
                of the generalized system of preferences under title V 
                of the Trade Act of 1974.
                  ``(B) Petroleum, or any product derived from 
                petroleum, provided for in headings 2709 and 2710 of 
                the HTS.
                  ``(C) Watches and watch parts (including cases, 
                bracelets and straps), of whatever type including, but 
                not limited to, mechanical, quartz digital or quartz 
                analog, if such watches or watch parts contain any 
                material which is the product of any country with 
                respect to which HTS column 2 rates of duty apply.
                  ``(D) Sugars, syrups, and molasses classified in 
                subheadings 1701.11.03, 1701.12.02, 1701.99.02, 
                1702.90.32, 1806.10.42, and 2106.90.12 of the HTS.
                    ``(E) Handbags, luggage, flat goods, work gloves, 
                and leather wearing apparel that--
                            ``(i) are the product of an ATPEA 
                        beneficiary country; and
                            ``(ii) were not designated on August 5, 
                        1983, as eligible articles for purposes of the 
                        generalized system of preferences under title V 
                        of the Trade Act of 1974.
            ``(2) Exclusions.--Duty-free treatment under this title may 
        not be extended to--
                    ``(A) textiles; or
                    ``(B) rum and tafia classified in subheading 
                2208.40.00 of the HTS.
            ``(3) Apparel articles.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Apparel articles that are 
                imported directly into the customs territory of the 
                United States from an ATPEA beneficiary country shall 
                enter the United States free of duty and free of any 
                quantitative restrictions, limitations, or consultation 
                levels, but only if such articles are described in 
                subparagraph (B).
                    ``(B) Covered articles.--The apparel articles 
                referred to in subparagraph (A) are the following:
                            ``(i) Apparel articles assembled from 
                        products of the united states and atpea 
                        beneficiary countries or products not available 
                        in commercial quantities.--Apparel articles 
                        sewn or otherwise assembled in 1 or more ATPEA 
                        beneficiary countries exclusively from any one 
                        or any combination of the following:
                                    ``(I) Fabrics or fabric components 
                                formed, or components knit-to-shape, in 
                                the United States (including fabrics 
                                not formed from yarns, if such fabrics 
                                are classifiable under heading 5602 or 
                                5603 of the HTS and are formed in the 
                                United States).
                                    ``(II) Fabrics or fabric components 
                                formed, or components knit-to-shape, in 
                                1 or more ATPEA beneficiary countries, 
                                from yarns formed in 1 or more ATPEA 
                                beneficiary countries, if such fabrics 
                                (including fabrics not formed from 
                                yarns, if such fabrics are classifiable 
                                under heading 5602 or 5603 of the HTS 
                                and are formed in 1 or more ATPEA 
                                beneficiary countries) are in chief 
                                weight of llama, or alpaca.
                                    ``(III) Fabrics or yarns, without 
                                regard to where they are formed, if 
                                such fabrics or yarns are classifiable 
                                under headings of the HTS from which a 
                                change in tariff classification is 
                                allowed under the applicable rules for 
                                the good under General Note 12(t) of 
                                the HTS (except for goods classifiable 
                                under heading 6212.10 of the HTS), 
                                without regard to whether the 
                                components of such yarns or fabrics 
                                determine the tariff classification of 
                                the apparel article, except that if 
                                such yarns or fabrics are used to 
                                produce knit-to-shape components, the 
                                components must be knit-to-shape in the 
                                United States or in 1 or more ATPEA 
                                beneficiary countries.
                            ``(ii) Additional fabrics.--At the request 
                        of any interested party, the President is 
                        authorized to proclaim additional fabrics and 
                        yarns as eligible for preferential treatment 
                        under clause (i)(III) if--
                                    ``(I) the President determines that 
                                such fabrics or yarns cannot be 
                                supplied by the domestic industry in 
                                commercial quantities in a timely 
                                manner;
                                    ``(II) the President has obtained 
                                advice regarding the proposed action 
                                from the appropriate advisory committee 
                                established under section 135 of the 
                                Trade Act of 1974 (19 U.S.C. 2155) and 
                                the United States International Trade 
                                Commission;
                                    ``(III) within 60 days after the 
                                request, the President has submitted a 
                                report to the Committee on Ways and 
                                Means of the House of Representatives 
                                and the Committee on Finance of the 
                                Senate that sets forth the action 
                                proposed to be proclaimed and the 
                                reasons for such action, and the advice 
                                obtained under subclause (II);
                                    ``(IV) a period of 60 calendar 
                                days, beginning with the first day on 
                                which the President has met the 
                                requirements of subclause (III), has 
                                expired; and
                                    ``(V) the President has consulted 
                                with such committees regarding the 
                                proposed action during the period 
                                referred to in subclause (III).
                            ``(iii) Apparel articles assembled in 1 or 
                        more atpea beneficiary countries from regional 
                        fabrics or regional components.--(I) Subject to 
                        the limitation set forth in subclause (II), 
                        apparel articles sewn or otherwise assembled in 
                        1 or more ATPEA beneficiary countries from 
                        fabrics or from fabric components formed or 
                        from components knit-to-shape, in 1 or more 
                        ATPEA beneficiary countries, from yarns formed 
                        in the United States or in 1 or more ATPEA 
                        beneficiary countries (including fabrics not 
                        formed from yarns, if such fabrics are 
                        classifiable under heading 5602 or 5603 of the 
                        HTS and are formed in 1 or more ATPEA 
                        beneficiary countries), whether or not the 
                        apparel articles are also made from any of the 
                        fabrics, fabric components formed, or 
                        components knit-to-shape described in clause 
                        (i).
                            ``(II) The preferential treatment referred 
                        to in subclause (I) shall be extended in the 1-
                        year period beginning December 1, 2001, and in 
                        each of the 5 succeeding 1-year periods, to 
                        imports of apparel articles in an amount not to 
                        exceed the applicable percentage of the 
                        aggregate square meter equivalents of all 
                        apparel articles imported into the United 
                        States in the preceding 12-month period for 
                        which data are available.
                            ``(III) For purposes of subclause (II), the 
                        term `applicable percentage' means 3 percent 
                        for the 1-year period beginning December 1, 
                        2001, increased in each of the 5 succeeding 1-
                        year periods by equal increments, so that for 
                        the period beginning December 1, 2005, the 
                        applicable percentage does not exceed 6 
                        percent.
                            ``(iv) Handloomed, handmade, and folklore 
                        articles.--A handloomed, handmade, or folklore 
                        article of an ATPEA beneficiary country 
                        identified under subparagraph (C) that is 
                        certified as such by the competent authority of 
                        such beneficiary country.
                            ``(v) Special rules.--
                                    ``(I) Exception for findings and 
                                trimmings.--An article otherwise 
                                eligible for preferential treatment 
                                under this paragraph shall not be 
                                ineligible for such treatment because 
                                the article contains findings or 
                                trimmings of foreign origin, if such 
                                findings and trimmings do not exceed 25 
                                percent of the cost of the components 
                                of the assembled product. Examples of 
                                findings and trimmings are sewing 
                                thread, hooks and eyes, snaps, buttons, 
                                `bow buds', decorative lace, trim, 
                                elastic strips, zippers, including 
                                zipper tapes and labels, and other 
                                similar products.
                                    ``(II) Certain interlining.--(aa) 
                                An article otherwise eligible for 
                                preferential treatment under this 
                                paragraph shall not be ineligible for 
                                such treatment because the article 
                                contains certain interlinings of 
                                foreign origin, if the value of such 
                                interlinings (and any findings and 
                                trimmings) does not exceed 25 percent 
                                of the cost of the components of the 
                                assembled article.
                                    ``(bb) Interlinings eligible for 
                                the treatment described in division 
                                (aa) include only a chest type plate, 
                                `hymo' piece, or `sleeve header', of 
                                woven or weft-inserted warp knit 
                                construction and of coarse animal hair 
                                or man-made filaments.
                                    ``(cc) The treatment described in 
                                this subclause shall terminate if the 
                                President makes a determination that 
                                United States manufacturers are 
                                producing such interlinings in the 
                                United States in commercial quantities.
                                    ``(III) De minimis rule.--An 
                                article that would otherwise be 
                                ineligible for preferential treatment 
                                under this subparagraph because the 
                                article contains fibers or yarns not 
                                wholly formed in the United States or 
                                in one or more ATPEA beneficiary 
                                countries shall not be ineligible for 
                                such treatment if the total weight of 
                                all such fibers or yarns is not more 
                                than 7 percent of the total weight of 
                                the good.
                    ``(C) Handloomed, handmade, and folklore 
                articles.--For purposes of subparagraph (B)(iv), the 
                President shall consult with representatives of the 
                ATPEA beneficiary countries concerned for the purpose 
                of identifying particular textile and apparel goods 
                that are mutually agreed upon as being handloomed, 
                handmade, or folklore goods of a kind described in 
                section 2.3(a), (b), or (c) of the Annex or Appendix 
                3.1.B.11 of the Annex.
                    ``(D) Penalties for transshipment.--
                            ``(i) Penalties for exporters.--If the 
                        President determines, based on sufficient 
                        evidence, that an exporter has engaged in 
                        transshipment with respect to apparel articles 
                        from an ATPEA beneficiary country, then the 
                        President shall deny all benefits under this 
                        title to such exporter, and any successor of 
                        such exporter, for a period of 2 years.
                            ``(ii) Penalties for countries.--Whenever 
                        the President finds, based on sufficient 
evidence, that transshipment has occurred, the President shall request 
that the ATPEA beneficiary country or countries through whose territory 
the transshipment has occurred take all necessary and appropriate 
actions to prevent such transshipment. If the President determines that 
a country is not taking such actions, the President shall reduce the 
quantities of apparel articles that may be imported into the United 
States from such country by the quantity of the transshipped articles 
multiplied by 3, to the extent consistent with the obligations of the 
United States under the WTO.
                            ``(iii) Transshipment described.--
                        Transshipment within the meaning of this 
                        subparagraph has occurred when preferential 
                        treatment under subparagraph (A) has been 
                        claimed for an apparel article on the basis of 
                        material false information concerning the 
                        country of origin, manufacture, processing, or 
                        assembly of the article or any of its 
                        components. For purposes of this clause, false 
                        information is material if disclosure of the 
                        true information would mean or would have meant 
                        that the article is or was ineligible for 
                        preferential treatment under subparagraph (A).
                    ``(E) Bilateral emergency actions.--
                            ``(i) In general.--The President may take 
                        bilateral emergency tariff actions of a kind 
                        described in section 4 of the Annex with 
                        respect to any apparel article imported from an 
                        ATPEA beneficiary country if the application of 
                        tariff treatment under subparagraph (A) to such 
                        article results in conditions that would be 
                        cause for the taking of such actions under such 
                        section 4 with respect to a like article 
                        described in the same 8-digit subheading of the 
                        HTS that is imported from Mexico.
                            ``(ii) Rules relating to bilateral 
                        emergency action.--For purposes of applying 
                        bilateral emergency action under this 
                        subparagraph--
                                    ``(I) the requirements of paragraph 
                                (5) of section 4 of the Annex (relating 
                                to providing compensation) shall not 
                                apply;
                                    ``(II) the term `transition period' 
                                in section 4 of the Annex shall mean 
                                the period ending December 31, 2006; 
                                and
                                    ``(III) the requirements to consult 
                                specified in section 4 of the Annex 
                                shall be treated as satisfied if the 
                                President requests consultations with 
                                the ATPEA beneficiary country in 
                                question and the country does not agree 
                                to consult within the time period 
                                specified under section 4.
            ``(4) Customs procedures.--
                    ``(A) In general.--
                            ``(i) Regulations.--Any importer that 
                        claims preferential treatment under paragraph 
                        (1) or (3) shall comply with customs procedures 
                        similar in all material respects to the 
                        requirements of Article 502(1) of the NAFTA as 
                        implemented pursuant to United States law, in 
                        accordance with regulations promulgated by the 
                        Secretary of the Treasury.
                            ``(ii) Determination.--
                                    ``(I) In general.--In order to 
                                qualify for the preferential treatment 
                                under paragraph (1) or (3) and for a 
                                Certificate of Origin to be valid with 
                                respect to any article for which such 
                                treatment is claimed, there shall be in 
                                effect a determination by the President 
                                that each country described in 
                                subclause (II)--
                                            ``(aa) has implemented and 
                                        follows; or
                                            ``(bb) is making 
                                        substantial progress toward 
                                        implementing and following,
                                procedures and requirements similar in 
                                all material respects to the relevant 
                                procedures and requirements under 
                                chapter 5 of the NAFTA.
                                    ``(II) Country described.--A 
                                country is described in this subclause 
                                if it is an ATPEA beneficiary country--
                                            ``(aa) from which the 
                                        article is exported; or
                                            ``(bb) in which materials 
                                        used in the production of the 
                                        article originate or in which 
                                        the article or such materials 
                                        undergo production that 
                                        contributes to a claim that the 
                                        article is eligible for 
                                        preferential treatment under 
                                        paragraph (1) or (3).
                    ``(B) Certificate of origin.--The Certificate of 
                Origin that otherwise would be required pursuant to the 
                provisions of subparagraph (A) shall not be required in 
                the case of an article imported under paragraph (1) or 
                (3) if such Certificate of Origin would not be required 
                under Article 503 of the NAFTA (as implemented pursuant 
                to United States law), if the article were imported 
                from Mexico.
            ``(5) Definitions.--In this subsection--
                    ``(A) Annex.--The term `the Annex' means Annex 300-
                B of the NAFTA.
                    ``(B) ATPEA beneficiary country.--The term `ATPEA 
                beneficiary country' means any `beneficiary country', 
                as defined in section 203(a)(1) of this title, which 
                the President designates as an ATPEA beneficiary 
                country, taking into account the criteria contained in 
                subsections (b) and (c) of section 203 and other 
                appropriate criteria, including the following:
                            ``(i) Whether the beneficiary country has 
                        demonstrated a commitment to--
                                    ``(I) undertake its obligations 
                                under the WTO, including those 
                                agreements listed in section 101(d) of 
                                the Uruguay Round Agreements Act, on or 
                                ahead of schedule; and
                                    ``(II) participate in negotiations 
                                toward the completion of the FTAA or 
                                another free trade agreement.
                            ``(ii) The extent to which the country 
                        provides protection of intellectual property 
                        rights consistent with or greater than the 
                        protection afforded under the Agreement on 
                        Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property 
                        Rights described in section 101(d)(15) of the 
                        Uruguay Round Agreements Act.
                            ``(iii) The extent to which the country 
                        provides internationally recognized worker 
                        rights, including--
                                    ``(I) the right of association;
                                    ``(II) the right to organize and 
                                bargain collectively;
                                    ``(III) a prohibition on the use of 
                                any form of forced or compulsory labor;
                                    ``(IV) a minimum age for the 
                                employment of children; and
                                    ``(V) acceptable conditions of work 
                                with respect to minimum wages,  hours 
of work, and occupational safety and health;
                            ``(iv) Whether the country has implemented 
                        its commitments to eliminate the worst forms of 
                        child labor, as defined in section 507(6) of 
                        the Trade Act of 1974.
                            ``(v) The extent to which the country has 
                        met the counter-narcotics certification 
                        criteria set forth in section 490 of the 
                        Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 
                        2291j) for eligibility for United States 
                        assistance.
                            ``(vi) The extent to which the country has 
                        taken steps to become a party to and implements 
                        the Inter-American Convention Against 
                        Corruption.
                            ``(vii) The extent to which the country--
                                    ``(I) applies transparent, 
                                nondiscriminatory, and competitive 
                                procedures in government procurement 
                                equivalent to those contained in the 
                                Agreement on Government Procurement 
                                described in section 101(d)(17) of the 
                                Uruguay Round Agreements Act; and
                                    ``(II) contributes to efforts in 
                                international fora to develop and 
                                implement international rules in 
                                transparency in government procurement.
                    ``(C) NAFTA.--The term `NAFTA' means the North 
                American Free Trade Agreement entered into between the 
                United States, Mexico, and Canada on December 17, 1992.
                    ``(D) WTO.--The term `WTO' has the meaning given 
                that term in section 2 of the Uruguay Round Agreements 
                Act (19 U.S.C. 3501).''.
    (b) Conforming Amendments.--(1) Section 202 of the Andean Trade 
Preference Act (19 U.S.C. 3201) is amended by inserting ``(or other 
preferential treatment)'' after ``treatment''.
    (2) Section 204(a) of the Andean Trade Preference Act (19 U.S.C. 
3203(a)) is amended--
            (A) in paragraph (1), by inserting ``(or otherwise provided 
        for)'' after ``eligibility''; and
            (B) in paragraph (2), by striking ``subsection (a)'' and 
        inserting ``paragraph (1)''.

SEC. 4. TERMINATION OF PREFERENTIAL TREATMENT.

    Section 208 of the Andean Trade Preference Act (19 U.S.C. 3206) is 
amended to read as follows:

``SEC. 208. TERMINATION OF PREFERENTIAL TREATMENT.

    ``No duty-free treatment or other preferential treatment extended 
to beneficiary countries under this title shall remain in effect after 
December 31, 2006.''.

SEC. 5. TRADE BENEFITS UNDER THE CARIBBEAN BASIN ECONOMIC RECOVERY ACT.

    Section 213(b)(2)(A) of the Carribean Basin Economic Recovery Act 
(19 U.S.C. 2703(b)(2)(A)) is amended as follows:
            (1) Clause (i) is amended by striking the matter preceding 
        subclause (I) and inserting the following:
                            ``(i) Apparel articles assembled in one or 
                        more cbtpa beneficiary countries.--Apparel 
                        articles sewn or otherwise assembled in one or 
                        more CBTPA beneficiary countries from fabrics 
                        wholly formed and cut, or from components knit-
                        to-shape, in the United States from yarns 
                        wholly formed in the United States, (including 
                        fabrics not formed from yarns, if such fabrics 
                        are classifiable under heading 5602 or 5603 of 
                        the HTS and are wholly formed and cut in the 
                        United States) that are--''.
            (2) Clause (ii) is amended to read as follows:
                            ``(ii) Apparel articles cut and assembled 
                        in one or more cbtpa beneficiary countries.--
                        Apparel articles cut in one or more CBTPA 
                        beneficiary countries from fabric wholly formed 
                        in the United States, or from components knit-
                        to-shape in the United States, from yarns 
                        wholly formed in the United States (including 
                        fabrics not formed from yarns, if such fabrics 
                        are classifiable under heading 5602 or 5603 of 
                        the HTS and are wholly formed in the United 
                        States), if such articles are sewn or otherwise 
                        assembled in one or more such countries with 
                        thread formed in the United States.''.

SEC. 6. TRADE BENEFITS UNDER THE AFRICAN GROWTH AND OPPORTUNITY ACT.

    Section 112(b) of the African Growth and Opportunity Act (19 U.S.C. 
3721(b)) is amended as follows:
            (1) Paragraph (1) is amended--
                    (A) by amending the heading to read as follows:
            ``(1) Apparel articles assembled in one or more beneficiary 
        sub-saharan african countries.--''; and
                    (B) by amending the matter preceding subparagraph 
                (A) to read as follows: ``Apparel articles sewn or 
                otherwise assembled in one or more beneficiary sub-
                Saharan African countries from fabrics wholly formed 
                and cut, or from components knit-to-shape, in the 
                United States from yarns wholly formed in the United 
                States, (including fabrics not formed from yarns, if 
                such fabrics are classifiable under heading 5602 or 
                5603 of the HTS and are wholly formed and cut in the 
                United States) that are--''.
            (2) Paragraph (2) is amended to read as follows:
            ``(2) Apparel articles cut and assembled in one or more 
        beneficiary sub-saharan african countries.--Apparel articles 
        cut in one or more beneficiary sub-Saharan African countries 
        from fabric wholly formed in the United States, or from 
        components knit-to-shape in the United States, from yarns 
        wholly formed in the United States, (including fabrics not 
        formed from yarns, if such fabrics are classifiable under 
        heading 5602 or 5603 of the HTS and are wholly formed in the 
        United States) if such articles are sewn or otherwise assembled 
        in one or more such countries with thread formed in the United 
        States.''.
            (3) Paragraph (3) is amended--
                    (A) in the matter preceding subparagraph (A), by 
                inserting ``, or components knit-to-shape,'' after 
                ``from fabric wholly formed'';
                    (B) in subparagraph (A)(ii)--
                            (i) by striking ``1.5'' and inserting 
                        ``3''; and
                            (ii) by striking ``3.5'' and inserting 
                        ``7''; and
                    (C) in subparagraph (B), by amending clause (i) to 
                read as follows:
                            ``(i) In general.--Subject to subparagraph 
                        (A), preferential treatment under this 
                        paragraph shall be extended through September 
                        30, 2004, for apparel articles wholly assembled 
                        or knit-to-shape and wholly assembled in one or 
                        more lesser developed beneficiary sub-Saharan 
                        African countries regardless of the country of 
                        origin of the fabric or the yarn used to make 
                        such articles.''.
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