[Congressional Bills 106th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[H.R. 4002 Referred in Senate (RFS)]

  2d Session
                                H. R. 4002


_______________________________________________________________________


                   IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES

                             July 25, 2000

Received; read twice and referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 AN ACT


 
   To amend the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 to revise and improve 
   provisions relating to famine prevention and freedom from hunger.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Famine Prevention and Freedom From 
Hunger Improvement Act of 2000''.

SEC. 2. GENERAL PROVISIONS.

    (a) Declarations of Policy.--(1) The first sentence of section 
296(a) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2220a(a)) is 
amended to read as follows: ``The Congress declares that, in order to 
achieve the mutual goals among nations of ensuring food security, human 
health, agricultural growth, trade expansion, and the wise and 
sustainable use of natural resources, the United States should mobilize 
the capacities of the United States land-grant universities, other 
eligible universities, and public and private partners of universities 
in the United States and other countries, consistent with sections 103 
and 103A of this Act, for: (1) global research on problems affecting 
food, agriculture, forestry, and fisheries; (2) improved human capacity 
and institutional resource development for the global application of 
agricultural and related environmental sciences; (3) agricultural 
development and trade research and extension services in the United 
States and other countries to support the entry of rural industries 
into world markets; and (4) providing for the application of 
agricultural sciences to solving food, health, nutrition, rural income, 
and environmental problems, especially such problems in low-income, 
food deficit countries.''.
    (2) The second sentence of section 296(a) of the Foreign Assistance 
Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2220a(a)) is amended--
            (A) in paragraph (1), by striking ``in this country'' and 
        inserting ``with and through the private sector in this country 
        and to understanding processes of economic development'';
            (B) in paragraph (2), to read as follows:
            ``(2) that land-grant and other universities in the United 
        States have demonstrated over many years their ability to 
        cooperate with international agencies, educational and research 
        institutions in other countries, the private sector, and 
        nongovernmental organizations worldwide, in expanding global 
        agricultural production, processing, business and trade, to the 
        benefit of the United States and other countries;'';
            (C) in paragraph (3), to read as follows:
            ``(3) that, in a world of growing populations with rising 
        expectations, increased food production and improved 
        distribution, storage, and marketing in the developing 
        countries is necessary not only to prevent hunger and ensure 
        human health and child survival, but to build the basis for 
        economic growth and trade, and the social security in which 
        democracy and a market economy can thrive, and moreover, that 
        the greatest potential for increasing world food supplies and 
        incomes to purchase food are in the developing countries where 
        the gap between food need and food supply is the greatest and 
        current incomes are lowest;'';
            (D) in paragraph (4), to read as follows:
            ``(4) that the engagement of United States universities in 
        agricultural development in other countries strengthens the 
        competitiveness of United States agriculture and other 
        industries by training future foreign partners and by 
        introducing global perspectives into United States curriculum, 
        research, public information services, and other extension 
        programs of the universities;'';
            (E) by striking paragraphs (5) and (7), redesignating 
        paragraph (6) as paragraph (7), and inserting the following:
            ``(5) with expanding global markets and increasing imports 
        into many countries, including the United States, that food 
        safety and quality, as well as secure supply, have emerged as 
        mutual concerns of all countries;
            ``(6) that research, teaching, and extension activities, 
        and appropriate institutional and policy development therefore 
        are prime factors in improving agricultural production, food 
        distribution, processing, storage, and marketing abroad (as 
        well as in the United States);'';
            (F) in paragraph (7) (as redesignated), by striking ``in 
        the United States'' and inserting ``and the broader economy of 
        the United States''; and
            (G) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(8) that there is a need to preserve and protect the 
        world's natural resources for sustained productivity and health 
        and to take steps to mitigate adverse aspects of climate change 
        which confront agriculture and other natural resource-based 
        industries with new scientific, technological, and management 
        challenges; and
            ``(9) that universities and public and private partners of 
        universities need a dependable source of Federal funding not 
        requiring State matching funds, as well as Federal and State 
        matched funding, and other financing, in order to increase the 
        impact of their own investments and those of their State 
        governments and constituencies, in order to continue and expand 
        their effort to advance agricultural development in cooperating 
        countries, to translate development into economic growth and 
        trade for the United States and cooperating countries, and to 
        prepare future teachers, researchers, extension specialists, 
        entrepreneurs, managers, and decisionmakers for the world 
        economy.''.
    (b) Additional Declarations of Policy.--Section 296(b) of the 
Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2220a(b)) is amended to read 
as follows:
    ``(b) Accordingly, the Congress declares that, in order to prevent 
famine and establish freedom from hunger, the following components must 
be brought together in a coordinated program to increase world food and 
fiber production, agricultural trade, and responsible management of 
natural resources, including--
            ``(1) continued efforts by the international agricultural 
        research centers and other international research entities to 
        provide a global network, including United States universities, 
        for international scientific collaboration on crops, livestock, 
        forests, fisheries, farming resources, and food systems of 
        worldwide importance;
            ``(2) contract research and the implementation of 
        collaborative research support programs and other research 
        collaboration led by United States universities, and involving 
        research systems in other countries focused on crops, 
        livestock, forests, fisheries, farming resources, and food 
        systems, with benefits to the United States and partner 
        countries;
            ``(3) transformation of the benefits of global agricultural 
        research and development into increased benefits for United 
        States agriculturally related industries through establishment 
        of development and trade information and service centers, for 
        rural as well as urban communities, through extension, 
        cooperatively with, and supportive of, existing public and 
        private trade and development related organizations;
            ``(4) facilitation of participation by universities and 
        public and private partners of universities in programs of 
        multilateral banks and agencies which receive United States 
        funds by means which may include additional complementary funds 
        restricted to the use of United States universities and public 
        and private partners of universities;
            ``(5) expanding learning opportunities about global 
        agriculture for students, teachers, community leaders, 
        entrepreneurs, and the general public through international 
        internships and exchanges, graduate assistantships, faculty 
        positions, and other means of education and extension through 
        long-term recurring Federal funds matched by State funds; and
            ``(6) competitive grants through universities to United 
        States agriculturalists and public and private partners of 
        universities from other countries for research, institution and 
        policy development, extension, training, and other programs for 
        global agricultural development, trade, and responsible 
        management of natural resources.''.
    (c) Sense of the Congress.--Section 296(c) of the Foreign 
Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2220a(c)) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (1), by striking ``each component'' and 
        inserting ``each of the program components described in 
        paragraphs (1) through (6) of subsection (b)'';
            (2) in paragraph (2)--
                    (A) by inserting ``and public and private partners 
                of universities'' after ``for the universities''; and
                    (B) by striking ``and'' at the end;
            (3) in paragraph (3)--
                    (A) by inserting ``and public and private partners 
                of universities'' after ``such universities'';
                    (B) in subparagraph (A), by striking ``, and'' and 
                inserting a semicolon;
                    (C) in subparagraph (B), by striking the comma at 
                the end and inserting a semicolon;
                    (D) by striking the matter following subparagraph 
                (B); and
                    (E) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(C) multilateral banks and agencies receiving 
                United States funds;
                    ``(D) development agencies of other countries; and
                    ``(E) United States Government foreign assistance 
                and economic cooperation programs; and''; and
            (4) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(4) generally engage the United States university 
        community more extensively in the agricultural research, trade, 
        and development initiatives undertaken outside the United 
        States, with the objectives of strengthening its capacity to 
        carry out research, teaching, and extension activities for 
        solving problems in food production, processing, marketing, and 
        consumption in agriculturally developing nations, and for 
        transforming progress in global agricultural research and 
        development into economic growth, trade, and trade benefits for 
        United States communities and industries, and for the provident 
        use of natural resources; and
            ``(5) ensure that all federally funded support to 
        universities and public and private partners of universities 
        relating to the goals of this title is periodically reviewed 
        for its performance.''.
    (d) Definition of Universities.--Section 296(d) of the Foreign 
Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2220a(d)) is amended--
            (1) by inserting after ``sea-grant colleges;'' the 
        following: ``Native American land-grant colleges as authorized 
        under the Equity in Educational Land-Grant Status Act of 1994 
        (7 U.S.C. 301 note);''; and
            (2) in paragraph (1), by striking ``extension'' and 
        inserting ``extension (including outreach)''.
    (e) Definition of Administrator.--Section 296(e) of the Foreign 
Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2220a(e)) is amended by inserting 
``United States'' before ``Agency''.
    (f) Definition of Public and Private Partners of Universities.--
Section 296 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2220a) is 
amended by adding at the end the following:
    ``(f) As used in this title, the term `public and private partners 
of universities' includes entities that have cooperative or contractual 
agreements with universities, which may include university beneficiary 
groups, other education institutions, United States Government and 
State agencies, private voluntary organizations, nongovernmental 
organizations, firms operated for profit, nonprofit organizations, 
multinational banks, and, as designated by the Administrator, any 
organization, institution, or agency incorporated in other 
countries.''.
    (g) Definition of Agriculture.--Section 296 of the Foreign 
Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2220a) is amended by adding at the 
end the following:
    ``(g) As used in this title, the term `agriculture' includes the 
science and practice of activity related to food, feed, and fiber 
production, processing, marketing, distribution, utilization, and 
trade, and also includes family and consumer sciences, nutrition, food 
science and engineering, agricultural economics and other social 
sciences, forestry, wildlife, fisheries, aquaculture, floraculture, 
veterinary medicine, and other environmental and natural resources 
sciences.''.
    (h) Definition of Agriculturists.--Section 296 of the Foreign 
Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2220a) is amended by adding at the 
end the following:
    ``(h) As used in this title, the term `agriculturists' includes 
farmers, herders, and livestock producers, individuals who fish and 
others employed in cultivating and harvesting food resources from salt 
and fresh waters, individuals who cultivate trees and shrubs and 
harvest nontimber forest products, as well as the processors, managers, 
teachers, extension specialists, researchers, policymakers, and others 
who are engaged in the food, feed, and fiber system and its 
relationships to natural resources.''.

SEC. 3. GENERAL AUTHORITY.

    (a) Authorization of Assistance.--Section 297(a) of the Foreign 
Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2220b(a)) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (1), to read as follows:
            ``(1) to implement program components through United States 
        universities as authorized by paragraphs (2) through (5) of 
        this subsection;'';
            (2) in paragraph (3), to read as follows:
            ``(3) to provide long-term program support for United 
        States university global agricultural and related environmental 
        collaborative research and learning opportunities for students, 
        teachers, extension specialists, researchers, and the general 
        public;''; and
            (3) in paragraph (4)--
                    (A) by inserting ``United States'' before 
                ``universities'';
                    (B) by inserting ``agricultural'' before ``research 
                centers''; and
                    (C) by striking ``and the institutions of 
                agriculturally developing nations'' and inserting 
                ``multilateral banks, the institutions of 
                agriculturally developing nations, and United States 
                and foreign nongovernmental organizations supporting 
                extension and other productivity-enhancing programs''.
    (b) Requirements.--Section 297(b) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 
1961 (22 U.S.C. 2220b(b)) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (1)--
                    (A) in the matter preceding subparagraph (A), by 
                striking ``universities'' and inserting ``United States 
                universities with public and private partners of 
                universities''; and
                    (B) in subparagraph (C)--
                            (i) by inserting ``, environment,'' before 
                        ``and related''; and
                            (ii) by striking ``farmers and farm 
                        families'' and inserting ``agriculturalists'';
            (2) in paragraph (2), by inserting ``, including resources 
        of the private sector,'' after ``Federal or State resources''; 
        and
            (3) in paragraph (3), by striking ``and the United States 
        Department of Agriculture'' and all that follows and inserting 
        ``, the Department of Agriculture, State agricultural agencies, 
        the Department of Commerce, the Department of the Interior, the 
        Environmental Protection Agency, the Office of the United 
        States Trade Representative, the Food and Drug Administration, 
        other appropriate Federal agencies, and appropriate 
        nongovernmental and business organizations.''.
    (c) Further Requirements.--Section 297(c) of the Foreign Assistance 
Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2220b(c)) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (2), to read as follows:
            ``(2) focus primarily on the needs of agricultural 
        producers, rural families, processors, traders, consumers, and 
        conservators of natural resources;''; and
            (2) in paragraph (4), to read as follows:
            ``(4) be carried out within the developing countries and 
        transition countries comprising newly emerging democracies and 
        newly liberalized economies; and''.
    (d) Special Programs.--Section 297 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 
1961 (22 U.S.C. 2220b) is amended--
            (1) by redesignating subsection (d) as subsection (e); and
            (2) by inserting after subsection (c) the following:
    ``(d) The Administrator shall establish and carry out special 
programs under this title as part of ongoing programs for child 
survival, democratization, development of free enterprise, 
environmental and natural resource management, and other related 
programs.''.

SEC. 4. BOARD FOR INTERNATIONAL FOOD AND AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT.

    (a) Establishment.--Section 298(a) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 
1961 (22 U.S.C. 2220c(a)) is amended--
            (1) in the first sentence, by inserting after ``authorized 
        by this title'' the following: ``and to provide United States 
        Government followup to the World Food Summit of November 
        1996''; and
            (2) in the third sentence, by inserting at the end before 
        the period the following: ``on a case-by-case basis''.
    (b) General Areas of Responsibility of the Board.--Section 298(b) 
of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2220c(b)) is amended 
to read as follows:
    ``(b) The Board's general areas of responsibility shall include--
            ``(1) participating in the planning, development, and 
        implementation of, initiating recommendations for, and 
        monitoring, the activities described in section 297 of this 
        title; and
            ``(2) providing advice and assistance to the Inter-Agency 
        Working Group on Food Security (IWG) on carrying out 
        commitments made in the United States Country Paper for the 
        November 1996 World Food Summit and on the Plan of Action 
        agreed to at the Summit.''.
    (c) Duties of the Board.--Section 298(c) of the Foreign Assistance 
Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2220c(c)) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (2)--
                    (A) in subparagraph (A), by striking ``increase 
                food production'' and all that follows and inserting 
                the following: ``improve agricultural production, 
                trade, and natural resource management in developing 
                countries, and with private organizations seeking to 
                increase agricultural production and trade, natural 
                resources management, and household food security in 
                developing and transition countries;''; and
                    (B) in subparagraph (B), by inserting before 
                ``sciences'' the following: ``, environmental, and 
                related social'';
            (2) in paragraph (4), after ``Administrator and 
        universities'' insert ``and their partners'';
            (3) in paragraph (5), after ``universities'' insert ``and 
        public and private partners of universities'';
            (4) in paragraph (6), by striking ``and'' at the end;
            (5) in paragraph (7), by striking ``in the developing 
        nations.'' and inserting ``and natural resource issues in the 
        developing nations, assuring efficiency in use of Federal 
        resources, including in accordance with the Governmental 
        Performance and Results Act of 1993 (Public Law 103-62; 107 
        Stat. 285), and the amendments made by that Act;''; and
            (6) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(8) providing advice to the United States Government on 
        the development of a long-term action plan in support of the 
        commitments made in the United States Country Paper and at the 
        1996 World Food Summit, including--
                    ``(A) participating in the implementation of the 
                action plan through meetings, workshops, and proper 
                involvement; and
                    ``(B) serving as an outreach vehicle to all 
                nongovernmental sectors to achieve maximum involvement 
                in action plan development and implementation;
            ``(9) developing information exchanges and consulting 
        regularly with nongovernmental organizations, consumer groups, 
        producers, agribusinesses and associations, agricultural 
        cooperatives and commodity groups, State departments of 
        agriculture, State agricultural research and extension 
        agencies, and academic institutions;
            ``(10) investigating and resolving issues concerning 
        implementation of this title as requested by universities; and
            ``(11) advising the Administrator on any and all issues as 
        requested.''.
    (d) Subordinate Units.--Section 298(d) of the Foreign Assistance 
Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2220c(d)) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (1)--
                    (A) by striking ``Research'' and insert ``Policy'';
                    (B) by striking ``administration'' and inserting 
                ``design''; and
                    (C) by striking ``section 297(a)(3) of this title'' 
                and inserting ``section 297''; and
            (2) in paragraph (2)--
                    (A) by striking ``Joint Committee on Country 
                Programs'' and inserting ``Joint Operations 
                Committee''; and
                    (B) by striking ``which shall assist'' and all that 
                follows and inserting ``which shall assist in and 
                advise on the mechanisms and processes for 
                implementation of activities described in section 
                297.''.

SEC. 5. ANNUAL REPORT.

    Section 300 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2220e) 
is amended by striking ``April 1'' and inserting ``September 1''.

            Passed the House of Representatives July 24, 2000.

            Attest:

                                                 JEFF TRANDAHL,

                                                                 Clerk.