[Congressional Bills 106th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[H.R. 4002 Enrolled Bill (ENR)]

        H.R.4002

                       One Hundred Sixth Congress

                                 of the

                        United States of America


                          AT THE SECOND SESSION

           Begun and held at the City of Washington on Monday,
             the twenty-fourth day of January, two thousand


                                 An Act


 
   To amend the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 to revise and improve 
    provisions relating to famine prevention and freedom from hunger.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Famine Prevention and Freedom From 
Hunger Improvement Act of 2000''.

SEC. 2. GENERAL PROVISIONS.

    (a) Declarations of Policy.--(1) The first sentence of section 
296(a) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2220a(a)) is 
amended to read as follows: ``The Congress declares that, in order to 
achieve the mutual goals among nations of ensuring food security, human 
health, agricultural growth, trade expansion, and the wise and 
sustainable use of natural resources, the United States should mobilize 
the capacities of the United States land-grant universities, other 
eligible universities, and public and private partners of universities 
in the United States and other countries, consistent with sections 103 
and 103A of this Act, for: (1) global research on problems affecting 
food, agriculture, forestry, and fisheries; (2) improved human capacity 
and institutional resource development for the global application of 
agricultural and related environmental sciences; (3) agricultural 
development and trade research and extension services in the United 
States and other countries to support the entry of rural industries 
into world markets; and (4) providing for the application of 
agricultural sciences to solving food, health, nutrition, rural income, 
and environmental problems, especially such problems in low-income, 
food deficit countries.''.
    (2) The second sentence of section 296(a) of the Foreign Assistance 
Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2220a(a)) is amended--
        (A) by redesignating paragraphs (1) through (7) as 
    subparagraphs (A) through (G), respectively;
        (B) in subparagraph (A) (as redesignated), by striking ``in 
    this country'' and inserting ``with and through the private sector 
    in this country and to understanding processes of economic 
    development'';
        (C) in subparagraph (B) (as redesignated), to read as follows:
        ``(B) that land-grant and other universities in the United 
    States have demonstrated over many years their ability to cooperate 
    with international agencies, educational and research institutions 
    in other countries, the private sector, and nongovernmental 
    organizations worldwide, in expanding global agricultural 
    production, processing, business and trade, to the benefit of aid 
    recipient countries and of the United States;'';
        (D) in subparagraph (C) (as redesignated), to read as follows:
        ``(C) that, in a world of growing populations with rising 
    expectations, increased food production and improved distribution, 
    storage, and marketing in the developing countries is necessary not 
    only to prevent hunger and ensure human health and child survival, 
    but to build the basis for economic growth and trade, and the 
    social security in which democracy and a market economy can thrive, 
    and moreover, that the greatest potential for increasing world food 
    supplies and incomes to purchase food is in the developing 
    countries where the gap between food need and food supply is the 
    greatest and current incomes are lowest;'';
        (E) by striking subparagraphs (E) and (G) (as redesignated);
        (F) by striking ``and'' at the end of subparagraph (F) (as 
    redesignated);
        (G) by redesignating subparagraph (F) as subparagraph (G); and
        (H) by inserting after subparagraph (D) the following:
        ``(E) that, with expanding global markets and increasing 
    imports into many countries, including the United States, food 
    safety and quality, as well as secure supply, have emerged as 
    mutual concerns of all countries;
        ``(F) that research, teaching, and extension activities, and 
    appropriate institutional and policy development therefore are 
    prime factors in improving agricultural production, food 
    distribution, processing, storage, and marketing abroad (as well as 
    in the United States);'';
        (I) in subparagraph (G) (as redesignated), by striking ``in the 
    United States'' and inserting ``and the broader economy of the 
    United States''; and
        (J) by adding at the end the following:
        ``(H) that there is a need to responsibly manage the world's 
    agricultural and natural resources for sustained productivity, 
    health and resilience to climate variability; and
        ``(I) that universities and public and private partners of 
    universities need a dependable source of funding in order to 
    increase the impact of their own investments and those of their 
    State governments and constituencies, in order to continue and 
    expand their efforts to advance agricultural development in 
    cooperating countries, to translate development into economic 
    growth and trade for the United States and cooperating countries, 
    and to prepare future teachers, researchers, extension specialists, 
    entrepreneurs, managers, and decisionmakers for the world 
    economy.''.
    (b) Additional Declarations of Policy.--Section 296(b) of the 
Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2220a(b)) is amended to read 
as follows:
    ``(b) Accordingly, the Congress declares that, in order to prevent 
famine and establish freedom from hunger, the following components must 
be brought together in a coordinated program to increase world food and 
fiber production, agricultural trade, and responsible management of 
natural resources, including--
        ``(1) continued efforts by the international agricultural 
    research centers and other international research entities to 
    provide a global network, including United States universities, for 
    international scientific collaboration on crops, livestock, 
    forests, fisheries, farming resources, and food systems of 
    worldwide importance;
        ``(2) contract research and the implementation of collaborative 
    research support programs and other research collaboration led by 
    United States universities, and involving research systems in other 
    countries focused on crops, livestock, forests, fisheries, farming 
    resources, and food systems, with benefits to the United States and 
    partner countries;
        ``(3) broadly disseminating the benefits of global agricultural 
    research and development including increased benefits for United 
    States agriculturally related industries through establishment of 
    development and trade information and service centers, for rural as 
    well as urban communities, through extension, cooperatively with, 
    and supportive of, existing public and private trade and 
    development related organizations;
        ``(4) facilitation of participation by universities and public 
    and private partners of universities in programs of multilateral 
    banks and agencies which receive United States funds;
        ``(5) expanding learning opportunities about global agriculture 
    for students, teachers, community leaders, entrepreneurs, and the 
    general public through international internships and exchanges, 
    graduate assistantships, faculty positions, and other means of 
    education and extension through long-term recurring Federal funds 
    matched by State funds; and
        ``(6) competitive grants through universities to United States 
    agriculturalists and public and private partners of universities 
    from other countries for research, institution and policy 
    development, extension, training, and other programs for global 
    agricultural development, trade, and responsible management of 
    natural resources.''.
    (c) Sense of the Congress.--Section 296(c) of the Foreign 
Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2220a(c)) is amended--
        (1) in paragraph (1), by striking ``each component'' and 
    inserting ``each of the program components described in paragraphs 
    (1) through (6) of subsection (b)'';
        (2) in paragraph (2)--
            (A) by inserting ``and public and private partners of 
        universities'' after ``for the universities''; and
            (B) by striking ``and'' at the end;
        (3) in paragraph (3)--
            (A) by inserting ``and public and private partners of 
        universities'' after ``such universities'';
            (B) in subparagraph (A), by striking ``, and'' and 
        inserting a semicolon;
            (C) in subparagraph (B), by striking the comma at the end 
        and inserting a semicolon;
            (D) by striking the matter following subparagraph (B); and
            (E) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(C) multilateral banks and agencies receiving United 
        States funds;
            ``(D) development agencies of other countries; and
            ``(E) United States Government foreign assistance and 
        economic cooperation programs;''; and
        (4) by adding at the end the following:
        ``(4) generally engage the United States university community 
    more extensively in the agricultural research, trade, and 
    development initiatives undertaken outside the United States, with 
    the objectives of strengthening its capacity to carry out research, 
    teaching, and extension activities for solving problems in food 
    production, processing, marketing, and consumption in 
    agriculturally developing nations, and for transforming progress in 
    global agricultural research and development into economic growth, 
    trade, and trade benefits for aid recipient countries and United 
    States communities and industries, and for the wise use of natural 
    resources; and
        ``(5) ensure that all federally funded support to universities 
    and public and private partners of universities relating to the 
    goals of this title is periodically reviewed for its 
    performance.''.
    (d) Definition of Universities.--Section 296(d) of the Foreign 
Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2220a(d)) is amended--
        (1) by inserting after ``sea-grant colleges;'' the following: 
    ``Native American land-grant colleges as authorized under the 
    Equity in Educational Land-Grant Status Act of 1994 (7 U.S.C. 301 
    note);''; and
        (2) in paragraph (1), by striking ``extension'' and inserting 
    ``extension (including outreach)''.
    (e) Definition of Administrator.--Section 296(e) of the Foreign 
Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2220a(e)) is amended by inserting 
``United States'' before ``Agency''.
    (f) Definition of Public and Private Partners of Universities.--
Section 296 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2220a) is 
amended by adding at the end the following:
    ``(f) As used in this title, the term `public and private partners 
of universities' includes entities that have cooperative or contractual 
agreements with universities, which may include formal or informal 
associations of universities, other education institutions, United 
States Government and State agencies, private voluntary organizations, 
nongovernmental organizations, firms operated for profit, nonprofit 
organizations, multinational banks, and, as designated by the 
Administrator, any organization, institution, or agency incorporated in 
other countries.''.
    (g) Definition of Agriculture.--Section 296 of the Foreign 
Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2220a) is amended by adding at the 
end the following:
    ``(g) As used in this title, the term `agriculture' includes the 
science and practice of activity related to food, feed, and fiber 
production, processing, marketing, distribution, utilization, and 
trade, and also includes family and consumer sciences, nutrition, food 
science and engineering, agricultural economics and other social 
sciences, forestry, wildlife, fisheries, aquaculture, floraculture, 
veterinary medicine, and other environmental and natural resources 
sciences.''.
    (h) Definition of Agriculturists.--Section 296 of the Foreign 
Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2220a) is amended by adding at the 
end the following:
    ``(h) As used in this title, the term `agriculturists' includes 
farmers, herders, and livestock producers, individuals who fish and 
others employed in cultivating and harvesting food resources from salt 
and fresh waters, individuals who cultivate trees and shrubs and 
harvest nontimber forest products, as well as the processors, managers, 
teachers, extension specialists, researchers, policymakers, and others 
who are engaged in the food, feed, and fiber system and its 
relationships to natural resources.''.

SEC. 3. GENERAL AUTHORITY.

    (a) Authorization of Assistance.--Section 297(a) of the Foreign 
Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2220b(a)) is amended--
        (1) in paragraph (1), to read as follows:
        ``(1) to implement program components through United States 
    universities as authorized by paragraphs (2) through (5) of this 
    subsection;'';
        (2) in paragraph (3), to read as follows:
        ``(3) to provide long-term program support for United States 
    university global agricultural and related environmental 
    collaborative research and learning opportunities for students, 
    teachers, extension specialists, researchers, and the general 
    public;''; and
        (3) in paragraph (4)--
            (A) by inserting ``United States'' before ``universities'';
            (B) by inserting ``agricultural'' before ``research 
        centers''; and
            (C) by striking ``and the institutions of agriculturally 
        developing nations'' and inserting ``multilateral banks, the 
        institutions of agriculturally developing nations, and United 
        States and foreign nongovernmental organizations supporting 
        extension and other productivity-enhancing programs''.
    (b) Requirements.--Section 297(b) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 
1961 (22 U.S.C. 2220b(b)) is amended--
        (1) in paragraph (1)--
            (A) in the matter preceding subparagraph (A), by striking 
        ``universities'' and inserting ``United States universities 
        with public and private partners of universities''; and
            (B) in subparagraph (C)--
                (i) by inserting ``, environment,'' before ``and 
            related''; and
                (ii) by striking ``farmers and farm families'' and 
            inserting ``agriculturalists'';
        (2) in paragraph (2), by inserting ``, including resources of 
    the private sector,'' after ``Federal or State resources''; and
        (3) in paragraph (3), by striking ``and the United States 
    Department of Agriculture'' and all that follows and inserting ``, 
    the Department of Agriculture, State agricultural agencies, the 
    Department of Commerce, the Department of the Interior, the 
    Environmental Protection Agency, the Office of the United States 
    Trade Representative, the Food and Drug Administration, other 
    appropriate Federal agencies, and appropriate nongovernmental and 
    business organizations.''.
    (c) Further Requirements.--Section 297(c) of the Foreign Assistance 
Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2220b(c)) is amended--
        (1) in paragraph (2), to read as follows:
        ``(2) focus primarily on the needs of agricultural producers, 
    rural families, processors, traders, consumers, and natural 
    resources managers;''; and
        (2) in paragraph (4), to read as follows:
        ``(4) be carried out within the developing countries and 
    transition countries comprising newly emerging democracies and 
    newly liberalized economies; and''.
    (d) Special Programs.--Section 297 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 
1961 (22 U.S.C. 2220b) is amended by adding at the end the following 
new subsection:
    ``(e) The Administrator shall establish and carry out special 
programs under this title as part of ongoing programs for child 
survival, democratization, development of free enterprise, 
environmental and natural resource management, and other related 
programs.''.

SEC. 4. BOARD FOR INTERNATIONAL FOOD AND AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT.

    (a) Establishment.--Section 298(a) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 
1961 (22 U.S.C. 2220c(a)) is amended in the third sentence, by 
inserting at the end before the period the following: ``on a case-by-
case basis''.
    (b) General Areas of Responsibility of the Board.--Section 298(b) 
of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2220c(b)) is amended 
to read as follows:
    ``(b) The Board's general areas of responsibility shall include 
participating in the planning, development, and implementation of, 
initiating recommendations for, and monitoring, the activities 
described in section 297 of this title.''.
    (c) Duties of the Board.--Section 298(c) of the Foreign Assistance 
Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2220c(c)) is amended--
        (1) in paragraph (2)--
            (A) in subparagraph (A), by striking ``increase food 
        production'' and all that follows and inserting the following: 
        ``improve agricultural production, trade, and natural resource 
        management in developing countries, and with private 
        organizations seeking to increase agricultural production and 
        trade, natural resources management, and household food 
        security in developing and transition countries;''; and
            (B) in subparagraph (B), by inserting before ``sciences'' 
        the following: ``, environmental, and related social'';
        (2) in paragraph (4), after ``Administrator and universities'' 
    insert ``and their partners'';
        (3) in paragraph (5), after ``universities'' insert ``and 
    public and private partners of universities'';
        (4) in paragraph (6), by striking ``and'' at the end;
        (5) in paragraph (7), by striking ``in the developing 
    nations.'' and inserting ``and natural resource issues in the 
    developing nations, assuring efficiency in use of Federal 
    resources, including in accordance with the Governmental 
    Performance and Results Act of 1993 (Public Law 103-62; 107 Stat. 
    285), and the amendments made by that Act;''; and
        (6) by adding at the end the following:
        ``(8) developing information exchanges and consulting regularly 
    with nongovernmental organizations, consumer groups, producers, 
    agribusinesses and associations, agricultural cooperatives and 
    commodity groups, State departments of agriculture, State 
    agricultural research and extension agencies, and academic 
    institutions;
        ``(9) investigating and resolving issues concerning 
    implementation of this title as requested by universities; and
        ``(10) advising the Administrator on any and all issues as 
    requested.''.
    (d) Subordinate Units.--Section 298(d) of the Foreign Assistance 
Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2220c(d)) is amended--
        (1) in paragraph (1)--
            (A) by striking ``Research'' and insert ``Policy'';
            (B) by striking ``administration'' and inserting 
        ``design''; and
            (C) by striking ``section 297(a)(3) of this title'' and 
        inserting ``section 297''; and
        (2) in paragraph (2)--
            (A) by striking ``Joint Committee on Country Programs'' and 
        inserting ``Joint Operations Committee''; and
            (B) by striking ``which shall assist'' and all that follows 
        and inserting ``which shall assist in and advise on the 
        mechanisms and processes for implementation of activities 
        described in section 297.''.

SEC. 5. ANNUAL REPORT.

    Section 300 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2220e) 
is amended by striking ``April 1'' and inserting ``September 1''.

                               Speaker of the House of Representatives.

                            Vice President of the United States and    
                                               President of the Senate.