[Congressional Bills 105th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[H.R. 2400 Introduced in House (IH)]







105th CONGRESS
  1st Session
                                H. R. 2400

 To authorize funds for Federal-aid highways, highway safety programs, 
             and transit programs, and for other purposes.


_______________________________________________________________________


                    IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

                           September 4, 1997

  Mr. Shuster (for himself, Mr. Oberstar, Mr. Petri, and Mr. Rahall) 
 introduced the following bill; which was referred to the Committee on 
                   Transportation and Infrastructure

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL


 
 To authorize funds for Federal-aid highways, highway safety programs, 
             and transit programs, and for other purposes.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS.

  (a) Short Title.--This Act may be cited as the ``Building Efficient 
Surface Transportation and Equity Act of 1997''.
    (b) Table of Contents.--

Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents.
Sec. 2. Definitions.
Sec. 3. Savings clause.
                     TITLE I--FEDERAL-AID HIGHWAYS

Sec. 101. Amendments to title 23, United States Code.
Sec. 102. Authorization of appropriations.
Sec. 103. Obligation ceiling.
Sec. 104. Apportionments.
Sec. 105. Interstate maintenance program.
Sec. 106. National Highway System.
Sec. 107. Highway bridge program.
Sec. 108. Surface transportation program.
Sec. 109. Congestion mitigation and air quality improvement program.
Sec. 110. High risk road safety improvement program.
Sec. 111. Minimum allocation.
Sec. 112. Appalachian Development Highway System.
Sec. 113. High cost Interstate System reconstruction and improvement 
                            program.
Sec. 114. Recreational trails program.
Sec. 115. National corridor planning and development program.
Sec. 116. Coordinated border infrastructure and safety program.
Sec. 117. Federal lands highways program.
Sec. 118. National scenic byways program.
Sec. 119. Variable pricing pilot program.
Sec. 120. Toll roads, bridges, and tunnels.
Sec. 121. Construction of ferry boats and ferry terminal facilities.
Sec. 122. Highway use tax evasion projects.
Sec. 123. Performance bonus program.
Sec. 124. Metropolitan planning.
Sec. 125. Statewide planning.
Sec. 126. Roadside safety technologies.
Sec. 127. Discretionary program authorizations.
Sec. 128. Woodrow Wilson Memorial Bridge.
Sec. 129. Training.
Sec. 130. Transportation assistance for Olympic cities.
Sec. 131. National defense highways.
Sec. 132. Miscellaneous surface transportation programs.
Sec. 133. Eligibility.
Sec. 134. Fiscal, administrative, and other amendments.
Sec. 135. Access of motorcycles.
Sec. 136. Amendments to ISTEA.
Sec. 137. Bicycle transportation and pedestrian walkways.
Sec. 138. Hazard elimination program.
Sec. 139. Substitute project.
Sec. 140. Project administration.
Sec. 141. Definitions.
                        TITLE II--HIGHWAY SAFETY

Sec. 201. Amendments to title 23, United States Code.
Sec. 202. Highway safety programs.
Sec. 203. Highway safety research and development.
Sec. 204. Safety incentive grants.
Sec. 205. State highway safety data improvements.
Sec. 206. Alcohol-impaired driving countermeasures.
Sec. 207. National Driver Register.
Sec. 208. Blowout resistant tires.
Sec. 209. Effectiveness of laws establishing maximum blood alcohol 
                            concentrations.
Sec. 210. Authorizations of appropriations.
Sec. 211. Transportation injury research.
           TITLE III--FEDERAL TRANSIT ADMINISTRATION PROGRAMS

Sec. 301. Amendments to title 49, United States Code.
Sec. 302. Definitions.
Sec. 303. Metropolitan planning.
Sec. 304. Transportation improvement program.
Sec. 305. Transportation management areas.
Sec. 306. Urbanized area formula grants.
Sec. 307. Mass transit account block grants.
Sec. 308. Capital program grants and loans.
Sec. 309. Formula grants and loans for special needs of elderly 
                            individuals and individuals with 
                            disabilities.
Sec. 310. Formula program for other than urbanized areas.
Sec. 311. Research, development, demonstration, and training projects.
Sec. 312. National Transit Institute.
Sec. 313. University research institutes.
Sec. 314. Transportation centers.
Sec. 315. Bus testing facilities.
Sec. 316. Bicycle facilities.
Sec. 317. General provisions on assistance.
Sec. 318. Contract requirements.
Sec. 319. Special procurements.
Sec. 320. Project management oversight.
Sec. 321. Study on alcohol and controlled substances random testing 
                            rate calculation.
Sec. 322. Administrative procedures.
Sec. 323. Reports and audits.
Sec. 324. Apportionment of appropriations for formula grants.
Sec. 325. Apportionment of appropriations for fixed guideway 
                            modernization.
Sec. 326. Authorizations.
Sec. 327. Obligation ceiling.
Sec. 328. Access to jobs challenge grant pilot program.
Sec. 329. Sense of the Committee regarding the mass transit account.
Sec. 330. Project management oversight.
Sec. 331. Privatization.
Sec. 332. School transportation safety.
Sec. 333. Urbanized area formula study.
Sec. 334. Coordinated transportation services.
                     TITLE IV--MOTOR CARRIER SAFETY

Sec. 401. Amendments to title 49, United States Code.
Sec. 402. State grants.
Sec. 403. Information systems.
Sec. 404. Automobile transporter defined.
Sec. 405. Inspections and reports.
Sec. 406. Exemptions and pilot programs.
Sec. 407. Safety regulation.
Sec. 408. Repeal of certain obsolete miscellaneous authorities.
Sec. 409. Commercial vehicle operators.
Sec. 410. Interim border safety improvement program.
Sec. 411. Vehicle weight enforcement.
Sec. 412. Participation in international registration plan and 
                            international fuel tax agreement.
Sec. 413. Telephone hotline for reporting safety violations.
Sec. 414. Drivers with diabetes.
Sec. 415. Performance-based CDL testing.
Sec. 416. Postaccident alcohol testing.
Sec. 417. Technologies to reduce fatigue of commercial motor vehicle 
                            operators.
Sec. 418. Safety fitness.
Sec. 419. Hazardous materials transportation regulation and farm 
                            service vehicles.
             TITLE V--PROGRAMMATIC REFORMS AND STREAMLINING

Sec. 501. Project approval and oversight.
Sec. 502. Environmental streamlining.
Sec. 503. Major investment study integration.
Sec. 504. Financial plan.
Sec. 505. Uniform transferability of Federal-aid highway funds.
Sec. 506. Discretionary grant selection criteria and process.
Sec. 507. Elimination of regional office responsibilities.
                   TITLE VI--TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH

Sec. 601. Amendments to title 23, United States Code.
Sec. 602. Applicability of title 23.
Sec. 603. Transfers of funds.
 Subtitle A--Surface Transportation Research, Technology, and Education

                Part I--Highway Research and Technology

Sec. 611. Research.
Sec. 612. State planning and research.
Sec. 613. International highway transportation outreach program.
     Part II--Transportation Education, Professional Training, and 
                         Technology Deployment

Sec. 621. National Highway Institute.
Sec. 622. National technology deployment initiative.
Sec. 623. Education and training programs.
Sec. 624. University transportation research.
Sec. 625. Funding allocations.
    Part III--Bureau of Transportation Statistics and Miscellaneous 
                                Programs

Sec. 631. Bureau of Transportation Statistics.
Sec. 632. Transportation technology innovation and demonstration 
                            program.
             Subtitle B--Intelligent Transportation Systems

Sec. 651. Definitions.
Sec. 652. Scope of program.
Sec. 653. General authorities and requirements.
Sec. 654. National ITS program plan.
Sec. 655. Technical, training, planning, research, and operational 
                            testing project assistance.
Sec. 656. ITS deployment.
Sec. 657. Funding allocations.
Sec. 658. Repeal.
                     TITLE VII--TRUTH IN BUDGETING

Sec. 701. Budgetary treatment of Highway Trust Fund, Airport and Airway 
                            Trust Fund, Inland Waterways Trust Fund, 
                            and Harbor Maintenance Trust Fund.
Sec. 702. Safeguards against deficit spending out of Airport and Airway 
                            Trust Fund.
Sec. 703. Safeguards against deficit spending out of the Inland 
                            Waterways Trust Fund and Harbor Maintenance 
                            Trust Fund.
Sec. 704. Applicability.

SEC. 2. DEFINITIONS.

  In this Act, the following definitions apply:
            (1) Interstate system.--The term ``Interstate System'' has 
        the meaning such term has under section 101 of title 23, United 
        States Code.
            (2) Secretary.--The term ``Secretary'' means the Secretary 
        of Transportation.

SEC. 3. SAVINGS CLAUSE.

    Except as otherwise provided in this Act, an amendment made by this 
Act shall not affect any funds apportioned or allocated before the date 
of the enactment of this Act.

                     TITLE I--FEDERAL-AID HIGHWAYS

SEC. 101. AMENDMENTS TO TITLE 23, UNITED STATES CODE.

    Except as otherwise specifically provided, whenever in this title 
an amendment or repeal is expressed in terms of an amendment to, or 
repeal of, a section or other provision of law, the reference shall be 
considered to be made to a section or other provision of title 23, 
United States Code.

SEC. 102. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

    (a) In General.--The following sums are authorized to be 
appropriated out of the Highway Trust Fund (other than the Mass Transit 
Account):
            (1) Interstate maintenance program.--For the Interstate 
        maintenance program under section 119 of title 23, United 
        States Code, $4,019,500,000 for fiscal year 1998, 
        $4,462,600,000 for fiscal year 1999, and $5,006,200,000 for 
        fiscal year 2000.
            (2) National highway system.--For the National Highway 
        System under section 103 of such title $4,978,500,000 for 
        fiscal year 1998, $5,520,500,000 for fiscal year 1999, and 
        $6,186,500,000 for fiscal year 2000.
            (3) Bridge program.--For the bridge program under section 
        144 of such title $3,777,600,000 for fiscal year 1998, 
        $4,194,000,000 for fiscal year 1999, and $4,704,800,000 for 
        fiscal year 2000.
            (4) Surface transportation program.--For the surface 
        transportation program under section 133 of such title 
        $5,601,400,000 for fiscal year 1998, $6,218,900,000 for fiscal 
        year 1999, and $6,976,300,000 for fiscal year 2000.
            (5) Congestion mitigation and air quality improvement 
        program.--For the congestion mitigation and air quality 
        improvement program under section 149 of such title 
        $1,406,800,000 for fiscal year 1998, $1,561,900,000 for fiscal 
        year 1999, and $1,752,200,000 for fiscal year 2000.
            (6) High risk road safety improvement program.--For the 
        high risk road safety improvement program under section 154 of 
        such title $750,000,000 for fiscal year 1998, $1,000,000,000 
        for fiscal year 1999, and $1,000,000,000 for fiscal year 2000.
            (7) High cost interstate system reconstruction and 
        improvement program.--For the high cost Interstate System 
        reconstruction and improvement program under section 160 of 
        such title $250,000,000 for fiscal year 1998, $625,000,000 for 
        fiscal year 1999, and $1,000,000,000 for fiscal year 2000.
            (8) Discretionary programs.--For executive and legislative 
        branch discretionary programs authorized by this Act 
        $1,842,200,000 for fiscal year 1998, $2,236,200,000 for fiscal 
        year 1999, and $2,476,200,000 for fiscal year 2000.
            (9) Appalachian development highway system program.--For 
        the Appalachian development highway system program under 
        section 201 of the Appalachian Regional Development Act of 1965 
        (40 U.S.C. App) $250,000,000 for fiscal year 1998, $400,000,000 
        for fiscal year 1999, and $400,000,000 for fiscal year 2000.
            (10) Recreational trails program.--For the recreational 
        trails program under section 206 of such title $30,000,000 for 
        fiscal year 1998, $40,000,000 for fiscal year 1999, and 
        $50,000,000 for fiscal year 2000.
            (11) Federal lands highways program.--
                    (A) Indian reservation roads.--For Indian 
                reservation roads under section 204 of such title 
                $194,000,000 for fiscal year 1998, $200,000,000 for 
                fiscal year 1999, and $212,000,000 for fiscal year 
                2000.
                    (B) Public lands highways.--For public lands 
                highways under section 204 of such title $58,000,000 
                for fiscal year 1998, $60,000,000 for fiscal year 1999, 
                and $60,000,000 for fiscal year 2000.
                    (C) Parkways and park highways.--For parkways and 
                park highways under section 204 of such title 
                $85,300,000 for fiscal year 1998, $86,200,000 for 
                fiscal year 1999, and $99,000,000 for fiscal year 2000.
                    (D) Forest highways.--For forest highways under 
                section 204 of such title $113,500,000 for fiscal year 
                1998, $130,000,000 for fiscal year 1999, and 
                $130,000,000 for fiscal year 2000.
            (12) Highway use tax evasion projects.--For highway use tax 
        evasion projects under section 1040 of the Intermodal Surface 
        Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 (23 U.S.C. 101 note; 105 
        Stat. 1992) $5,000,000 for fiscal year 1998 and $10,000,000 for 
        each of fiscal years 1999 and 2000.
    (b) Disadvantaged Business Enterprises.--
            (1) General rule.--Except to the extent that the Secretary 
        determines otherwise, not less than 10 percent of the amounts 
        authorized to be appropriated under titles I, II, III, IV, and 
        VI of this Act shall be expended with small business concerns 
        owned and controlled by socially and economically disadvantaged 
        individuals.
            (2) Definitions.--For purposes of this subsection, the 
        following definitions apply:
                    (A) Small business concern.--The term ``small 
                business concern'' has the meaning such term has under 
                section 3 of the Small Business Act (15 U.S.C. 632); 
                except that such term shall not include any concern or 
                group of concerns controlled by the same socially and 
                economically disadvantaged individual or individuals 
                which has average annual gross receipts over the 
                preceding 3 fiscal years in excess of $16,600,000, as 
                adjusted by the Secretary for inflation.
                    (B) Socially and economically disadvantaged 
                individuals.--The term ``socially and economically 
                disadvantaged individuals'' has the meaning such term 
                has under section 8(d) of the Small Business Act (15 
                U.S.C. 637(d)) and relevant subcontracting regulations 
                promulgated pursuant thereto; except that women shall 
                be presumed to be socially and economically 
                disadvantaged individuals for purposes of this 
                subsection.

SEC. 103. OBLIGATION CEILING.

    (a) General Limitation.--Notwithstanding any other provision of law 
(other than subsection (e) of this section), the total of all 
obligations for Federal-aid highway programs shall not exceed--
            (1) $22,300,000,000 for fiscal year 1998;
            (2) $25,500,000,000 for fiscal year 1999; and
            (3) $28,600,000,000 for fiscal year 2000.
    (b) Exceptions.--The limitations under subsection (a) shall not 
apply to obligations--
            (1) under section 125 of title 23, United States Code;
            (2) under section 157 of such title;
            (3) under section 147 of the Surface Transportation 
        Assistance Act of 1978;
            (4) under section 9 of the Federal-Aid Highway Act of 1981;
            (5) under sections 131(b) and 131(j) of the Surface 
        Transportation Assistance Act of 1982;
            (6) under sections 149(b) and 149(c) of the Surface 
        Transportation and Uniform Relocation Assistance Act of 1987;
            (7) under sections 1103 through 1108 of the Intermodal 
        Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991; and
            (8) under section 127(b) of this Act, relating to high 
        priority projects.
    (c) Distribution of Obligation Authority.--For each of fiscal years 
1998, 1999, and 2000, the Secretary shall--
            (1) not distribute amounts authorized for administrative 
        expenses and programs funded from the administrative takedown 
        authorized by section 104(a) of title 23, United States Code, 
        and amounts authorized for the highway use tax evasion program 
        and the Bureau of Transportation Statistics;
            (2) determine the ratio that--
                    (A) the obligation limitation imposed by subsection 
                (a) for such fiscal year less the aggregate of amounts 
                not distributed under paragraph (1), bears to
                    (B) the total of the sums authorized to be 
                appropriated for Federal-aid highway programs (other 
                than sums authorized to be appropriated for sections 
                referred to in subsection (b)) for such fiscal year 
                less the aggregate of amounts not distributed under 
                paragraph (1);
            (3)(A) multiply the ratio determined under paragraph (2) by 
        the sums authorized to be appropriated for such fiscal year for 
        each of the programs that are allocated by the Secretary under 
        this Act and title 23, United States Code (other than the 
        recreational trails program and programs to which paragraph (1) 
        applies);
            (B) not distribute such amount for each such program (other 
        than the recreational trails program and programs to which 
        paragraph (1) applies); and
            (C) in administering such program, allocate such amount for 
        such program;
            (4) distribute the obligation limitation imposed by 
        subsection (a) less the aggregate of amounts not distributed 
        under paragraphs (1) and (3) and less amounts distributed under 
        paragraph (5) by allocation in the ratio which sums authorized 
        to be appropriated for Federal-aid highway programs that are 
        apportioned or allocated to each State for such fiscal year and 
        that are subject to the limitation imposed by subsection (a) 
        bear to the total of the sums authorized to be appropriated for 
        Federal-aid highway programs that are apportioned or allocated 
        for such fiscal year and that are subject to the limitation 
        imposed by subsection (a); and
            (5) distribute any amount determined under paragraph (3) 
        for the recreational trails program in accordance with the 
        formula set forth in section 104(h) of title 23, United States 
        Code, for such program.
    (d) Redistribution of Unused Obligation Authority.--Notwithstanding 
subsection (c), the Secretary shall--
            (1) provide all States with authority sufficient to prevent 
        lapses of sums authorized to be appropriated for Federal-aid 
        highway programs that have been apportioned to a State; and
            (2) after August 1 of each of fiscal years 1998, 1999, and 
        2000 revise a distribution of the obligation authority made 
        available under subsection (c) if a State will not obligate the 
        amount distributed during that fiscal year and redistribute 
        sufficient amounts to those States able to obligate amounts in 
        addition to those previously distributed during that fiscal 
        year giving priority to those States having large unobligated 
        balances of funds apportioned under sections 104 and 144 of 
        title 23, United States Code, under section 160 of title 23, 
        United States Code (as in effect on the day before the date of 
        the enactment of this Act), and under section 1015 of the 
        Intermodal Surface Transportation Act of 1991 (105 Stat. 1943-
        1945).
    (e) Additional Obligation Authority.--
            (1) In general.--Subject to paragraphs (2) and (3), a State 
        which after August 1 and on or before September 30 of fiscal 
        year 1998, 1999, or 2000 obligates the amount distributed to 
        such State in such fiscal year under subsections (c) and (d) 
        may obligate for Federal-aid highway programs on or before 
        September 30 of such fiscal year an additional amount not to 
        exceed 5 percent of the aggregate amount of funds apportioned 
        or allocated to such State--
                    (A) under sections 104 and 144 of title 23, United 
                States Code, under section 160 of title 23, United 
                States Code (as in effect on the day before the date of 
                the enactment of this Act), and under section 1015 of 
                the Intermodal Surface Transportation Act of 1991 (105 
                Stat. 1943-1945), and
                    (B) for highway assistance projects under section 
                103(e)(4) of such title,
        which are not obligated on the date such State completes 
        obligation of the amount so distributed.
            (2) Limitation on additional obligation authority.--During 
        the period August 2 through September 30 of each of fiscal 
        years 1998, 1999, and 2000, the aggregate amount which may be 
        obligated by all States pursuant to paragraph (1) shall not 
        exceed 2.5 percent of the aggregate amount of funds apportioned 
        or allocated to all States--
                    (A) under sections 104 and 144 of title 23, United 
                States Code, under section 160 of title 23, United 
                States Code (as in effect on the day before the date of 
                the enactment of this Act), and under section 1015 of 
                the Intermodal Surface Transportation Act of 1991 (105 
                Stat. 1943-1945), and
                    (B) for highway assistance projects under section 
                103(e)(4) of such title,
        which would not be obligated in such fiscal year if the total 
        amount of obligational authority provided by subsection (a) for 
        such fiscal year were utilized.
            (3) Applicability.--Paragraph (1) shall not apply to any 
        State which on or after August 1 of each of fiscal years 1998, 
        1999, and 2000 has the amount distributed to such State under 
        subsection (c) for such fiscal year reduced under subsection 
        (d)(2).
    (f) Applicability of Obligation Limitations to Transportation 
Research Programs.--Obligation limitations for Federal-aid highways 
programs established by subsection (a) shall apply to transportation 
research programs carried out under chapter 3 of title 23, United 
States Code, and under title VI of this Act.
    (g) Redistribution of Certain Authorized Funds.--
            (1) In general.--Not later than 30 days after the date of 
        the distribution of obligation authority under subsection (a) 
        for each of fiscal years 1998, 1999, and 2000, the Secretary 
        shall distribute to the States any funds (A) that are 
        authorized to be appropriated for such fiscal year for Federal-
        aid highway programs (other than the program under section 160 
        of title 23, United States Code) and for carrying out 
        subchapter I of chapter 311 of title 49, United States Code, 
        and chapter 4 of title 23, United States Code, and (B) that the 
        Secretary determines will not be allocated to the States, and 
        will not be available for obligation, in such fiscal year due 
        to the imposition of any obligation limitation for such fiscal 
        year. Such distribution to the States shall be made in the same 
        ratio as the distribution of obligation authority under 
        subsection (c)(5). The funds so distributed shall be available 
        for any purposes described in section 133(b) of title 23, 
        United States Code.
            (2) High cost interstate system reconstruction and 
        improvement program funds.--Not later than 30 days after the 
        date of the distribution of obligation authority under 
        subsection (c) for each of fiscal years 1998, 1999, and 2000, 
        the Secretary shall distribute to the States any funds that are 
        authorized to be appropriated for such fiscal year to carry out 
        the high cost interstate system reconstruction and improvement 
        program under section 160 of title 23, United States Code, and 
        that will not be available for obligation in such fiscal year 
        due to the imposition of any obligation limitation for such 
        fiscal year. Such distribution to the States shall be made in 
        the same ratio as funds are apportioned under section 104(b)(5) 
        of such title. The funds so distributed to a State shall be 
        credited to the State's apportionment under such section 
        104(b)(5).

SEC. 104. APPORTIONMENTS.

    (a) Administrative Takedown.--Section 104(a) is amended to read as 
follows:
    ``(a) Administrative Takedown.--Whenever an apportionment is made 
of the sums authorized to be appropriated for expenditure on Interstate 
maintenance, the National Highway System, the bridge program, the 
surface transportation program, the congestion mitigation and air 
quality improvement program, the high risk road safety program, the 
high cost interstate system reconstruction and improvement program, the 
national corridor planning and development program, the border 
infrastructure and safety program, and the Federal lands highways 
program, the Secretary shall deduct a sum, in such amount not to exceed 
1\1/2\ percent of all sums so authorized, as the Secretary may deem 
necessary for administering the provisions of law to be financed from 
appropriations for the Federal-aid highway program. In making such 
determination, the Secretary shall take into account the unobligated 
balance of any sums deducted for such purposes in prior years. The sums 
so deducted shall remain available until expended. The Secretary may 
not transfer any of such sums to a Federal entity other than the 
Federal Highway Administration.''.
    (b) Apportionments.--Section 104(b) is amended to read as follows:
    ``(b) Apportionments.--On October 1 of each fiscal year, the 
Secretary, after making the deduction authorized by subsection (a) and 
the set aside authorized by subsection (f), shall apportion the 
remainder of the sums authorized to be appropriated for expenditure on 
Interstate maintenance, the National Highway System, the surface 
transportation program, the congestion mitigation and air quality 
improvement program, and the high risk road safety program for that 
fiscal year, among the several States in the following manner:
            ``(1) National highway system.--For the National Highway 
        System, 1 percent to the Virgin Islands, Guam, American Samoa, 
        and the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands and the 
        remaining 99 percent apportioned as follows:
                    ``(A) In the case of a State with an average 
                population density of 20 persons or fewer per square 
                mile, and in the case of a State with a population of 
                1,500,000 persons or fewer and with a land area of 
                10,000 square miles or less, the greater of--
                            ``(i) a percentage share of the remaining 
                        apportionments equal to the percentage 
                        specified for the State in section 104(h)(1) of 
                        the Building Efficient Surface Transportation 
                        and Equity Act of 1997; or
                            ``(ii) a share determined under 
                        subparagraph (B).
                    ``(B) Subject to subparagraph (A), in the case of 
                any State for which the apportionment is not determined 
                under subparagraph (A)(i), a share of the remaining 
                apportionments determined in accordance with the 
                following formula:
                            ``(i) \1/9\ of the remaining apportionments 
                        in the ratio that the total rural lane miles in 
                        each State bears to the total rural lane miles 
                        in all States for which the apportionment is 
                        not determined under subparagraph (A)(i).
                            ``(ii) \1/9\ of the remaining 
                        apportionments in the ratio that the total 
                        rural vehicle miles traveled in each State 
                        bears to the total rural vehicle miles traveled 
                        in all States for which the apportionment is 
                        not determined under subparagraph (A)(i).
                            ``(iii) \2/9\ of the remaining 
                        apportionments in the ratio that the total 
                        urban lane miles in each State bears to the 
                        total urban lane miles in all States for which 
                        the apportionment is not determined under 
                        subparagraph (A)(i).
                            ``(iv) \2/9\ of the remaining 
                        apportionments in the ratio that the total 
                        urban vehicle miles traveled in each State 
                        bears to the total urban vehicle miles traveled 
                        in all States for which the apportionment is 
                        not determined under subparagraph (A)(i).
                            ``(v) \3/9\ of the remaining apportionments 
                        in the ratio that each State's annual 
                        contributions to the Highway Trust Fund (other 
                        than the Mass Transit Account) attributable to 
                        commercial vehicles bear to the total of such 
                        annual contributions by all States for which 
                        the apportionment is not determined under 
                        subparagraph (A)(i).
            ``(2) Congestion mitigation and air quality improvement 
        program.--
                    ``(A) Formula.--For the congestion mitigation and 
                air quality improvement program, in the ratio which the 
                weighted nonattainment and maintenance area populations 
                of each State bear to the total weighted nonattainment 
                and maintenance area population of all States.
                    ``(B) Calculation of weighted population.--Such 
                weighted population shall be calculated by multiplying 
                the population of each area within any State that was a 
                nonattainment or maintenance area as described in 
                subsection 149(b) for ozone, carbon monoxide, or 
                particulate matter by a factor of--
                            ``(i) 1.0 if, at the time of the 
                        apportionment, the area has been redesignated 
                        as an attainment (maintenance) area under 
                        section 107(d) of the Clean Air Act;
                            ``(ii) 1.1 if, at the time of 
                        apportionment, the area is classified as a 
                        marginal ozone nonattainment area under subpart 
                        2 of part D of title I of the Clean Air Act;
                            ``(iii) 1.2 if, at the time of 
                        apportionment, the area is classified as a 
                        moderate ozone nonattainment area under such 
                        subpart;
                            ``(iv) 1.3 if, at the time of 
                        apportionment, the area is classified as a 
                        serious ozone nonattainment area under such 
                        subpart;
                            ``(v) 1.4 if, at the time of apportionment, 
                        the area is classified as a severe ozone 
                        nonattainment area under such subpart;
                            ``(vi) 1.5 if, at the time of 
                        apportionment, the area is classified as an 
                        extreme ozone nonattainment area under such 
                        subpart; or
                            ``(vii) 1.2. if, at the time of 
                        apportionment, the area is not a nonattainment 
                        or maintenance area as described in subsection 
                        149(b) of this title for ozone, but is a 
                        nonattainment area for carbon monoxide or 
                        particulate matter.
                    ``(C) Additional factors.--If the area was also 
                classified under subpart 3 or 4 of part D of title I of 
                the Clean Air Act as a nonattainment area described in 
                section 149(b) for carbon monoxide or particulate 
                matter or both, the weighted nonattainment area 
                population of the area, as determined under clauses (i) 
                through (vi) of subparagraph (B), shall be further 
                multiplied by a factor of 1.2. For an area that is a 
                nonattainment area for both carbon monoxide and for 
                particulate matter and the area's weighted population 
                was determined under clause (vii) of subparagraph (B), 
                the area's weighted population shall be further 
                multiplied by a factor of 1.2. For such areas, the 
                population to which this factor is applied shall be the 
                larger of the carbon monoxide and the particulate 
                matter nonattainment area populations.
                    ``(D) Minimum apportionment.--Notwithstanding any 
                other provision of this paragraph, each State shall 
                receive a minimum of \1/2\ of 1 percent of the funds 
                apportioned under this paragraph. The Secretary shall 
                use annual estimates prepared by the Secretary of 
                Commerce when determining population figures.
            ``(3) Surface transportation program.--
                    ``(A) In general.--For the surface transportation 
                program, 2 percent to the State of Alaska for any 
                purpose described in section 133(b) and the remaining 
                98 percent apportioned as follows:
                            ``(i) \1/3\ in the ratio that each State's 
                        total population bears to the total population 
                        of all States, using the latest available 
                        annual updates to the Federal decennial census, 
                        as prepared by the Secretary of Commerce;
                            ``(ii) \1/3\ in the ratio that each State's 
                        annual contributions to the Highway Trust Fund 
                        (other than the Mass Transit Account) 
                        attributable to commercial vehicles bear to the 
                        total of such annual contributions by all 
                        States; and
                            ``(iii) \1/3\ in the ratio that each 
                        State's annual contributions to the Highway 
                        Trust Fund (other than the Mass Transit 
                        Account) bear to the total of such annual 
                        contributions by all States.
                    ``(B) Adjustment.--The amount of funds which, but 
                for this subparagraph, would be apportioned to each 
                State for each fiscal year under subparagraph (A) shall 
                be increased or decreased by an amount which, when 
                added to or subtracted from the aggregate amount of 
                funds apportioned or allocated to such State for such 
                fiscal year for Interstate maintenance, National 
                Highway System, surface transportation program, bridge 
                program, congestion mitigation and air quality 
                improvement program, high risk road safety program, 
                recreational trails program, Appalachian Development 
                Highway System program, and metropolitan planning will 
                ensure that the aggregate of such apportionments to any 
                State that does not contribute to the Highway Trust 
                Fund does not exceed the aggregate of such 
                apportionments to any State that does contribute to the 
                Highway Trust Fund.
            ``(4) High risk road safety improvement program.--For the 
        high risk road safety improvement program--
                    ``(A) \1/3\ in the ratio that each State's total 
                population bears to the total population of all States, 
                using the latest available annual updates to the 
                Federal decennial census, as prepared by the Secretary 
                of Commerce;
                    ``(B) \1/3\ in the ratio that each State's total 
                public road mileage bears to the total public road 
                mileage of all States; and
                    ``(C) \1/3\ in the ratio that the total vehicle 
                miles traveled on public roads in each State bear to 
                the total vehicle miles traveled on public roads in all 
                States.
            ``(5) Interstate maintenance.--For resurfacing, restoring, 
        rehabilitating, and reconstructing the Interstate System--
                    ``(A) \1/3\ in the ratio that each State's annual 
                contributions to the Highway Trust Fund (other than the 
                Mass Transit Account) attributable to commercial 
                vehicles bear to the total of such annual contributions 
                by all States;
                    ``(B) \1/3\ in the ratio that the total vehicle 
                miles traveled on Interstate routes open to traffic on 
                the date of the enactment of the Building Efficient 
                Surface Transportation and Equity Act of 1997 in each 
                State bear to the total vehicle miles traveled on such 
                routes in all States; and
                    ``(C) \1/3\ in the ratio that the total lane miles 
                on such routes in each State bear to the total lane 
                miles on such routes in all States.''.
    (c) Conforming Amendments.--Section 104(d) is amended--
            (1) in the subsection heading by striking ``and High Speed 
        Rail Corridors'';
            (2) by striking ``(1) Operation lifesaver.--'' and moving 
        the text of paragraph (1) so that it follows the subsection 
        heading; and
            (3) by striking paragraphs (2) and (3).
    (d) Certification of Apportionments.--Section 104(e) is amended--
            (1) by inserting ``Certification of Apportionments.--'' 
        after ``(e)'';
            (2) by inserting ``(1) In general.--'' before ``On October 
        1'';
            (3) by striking the first parenthetical phrase;
            (4) by striking ``and research'' the first place it 
        appears;
            (5) by striking the second sentence;
            (6) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(2) Notice to states.--If the Secretary has not made an 
        apportionment under section 104, 144, or 157 of title 23, 
        United States Code, on or before the 21st of a fiscal year, 
        then the Secretary shall transmit, on or before such 21st day, 
        to the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of the 
        House of Representatives and the Committee on Environment and 
        Public Works of the Senate a written statement of the reason 
        for not making such apportionment in a timely manner.''; and
            (7) by indenting paragraph (1), as designated by paragraph 
        (2) of this subsection, and aligning such paragraph (1) with 
        paragraph (2) of such section, as added by paragraph (6) of 
        this subsection.
    (e) Metropolitan Planning Setaside.--Section 104(f) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (1) by striking ``, except'' and all that 
        follows through ``substitute programs''; and
            (2) in paragraph (3) by striking ``120(j) of this title'' 
        and inserting ``120(b)''.
    (f) Recreational Trails Program.--Section 104(h) of such title is 
revised to read as follows:
    ``(h) Recreational Trails Program.--
            ``(1) Administrative costs.--Whenever an apportionment is 
        made of the sums authorized to be appropriated to carry out the 
        recreational trails program under section 206, the Secretary 
        shall deduct an amount, not to exceed 3 percent of the sums 
        authorized, to cover the cost to the Secretary for 
        administration of and research and technical assistance under 
        the recreational trails program and for administration of the 
        National Recreational Trails Advisory Committee. The Secretary 
        may enter into contracts with for-profit organizations or 
        contracts, partnerships, or cooperative agreements with other 
        government agencies, institutions of higher learning, or 
        nonprofit organizations to perform these tasks.
            ``(2) Apportionment to the states.--After making the 
        deduction authorized by paragraph (1) of this subsection, the 
        Secretary shall apportion the remainder of the sums authorized 
        to be appropriated for expenditure on the recreational trails 
        program for each fiscal year, among the States in the following 
        manner:
                    ``(A) 50 percent of that amount shall be 
                apportioned equally among eligible States.
                    ``(B) 50 percent of that amount shall be 
                apportioned among eligible States in amounts 
                proportionate to the degree of non-highway recreational 
                fuel use in each of those States during the preceding 
                year.''.
    (g) Cross Reference Corrections.--
            (1) Interstate maintenance program.--Sections 119(a) and 
        119(f) are each amended by striking ``104(b)(5)(B)'' each place 
        it appears and inserting ``104(b)(5)''.
            (2) Fringe and corridor parking facilities.--Section 
        137(f)(1) is amended by striking ``section 104(b)(5)(B) of this 
        title'' and inserting ``section 104(b)(5)''.
            (3) Additions to interstate system.--Section 139 is amended 
        by striking ``section 104(b)(5)(B) of this title'' each place 
        it appears and inserting ``section 104(b)(5)''.
            (4) Accommodation of other modes.--Section 142(c) is 
        amended by striking ``section 104(b)(5)(A)'' and inserting 
        ``section 104(b)(5)''.
            (5) minimum drinking ages.--Section 158 is amended--
                    (A) by striking ``104(b)(2), 104(b)(5), and 
                104(b)(6)'' each place it appears in subsection (a) and 
                inserting ``104(b)(3), and 104(b)(5)'';
                    (B) in the heading to subsection (b) is amended by 
                striking ``Period of Availability;''; and
                    (C) in subsection (b)--
                            (i) by striking ``(1)'' the first place it 
                        appears and all that follows through ``No 
                        funds'' and inserting ``No funds''; and
                            (iii) by striking paragraphs (2), (3), and 
                        (4).
            (6) Suspension of licenses of individuals convicted of drug 
        offenses.--Section 159(b) is amended--
                    (A) by striking ``Period of Availability;'' in the 
                subsection heading; and
                    (B) by striking ``(1)'' the first place it appears 
                and all that follows through ``(B) No'' and inserting 
                ``No''; and
                    (C) by striking paragraphs (2), (3), and (4).
            (7) Operation of motor vehicles by intoxicated minors.--
        Section 161(a) is amended by striking ``(B)'' each place it 
        appears.
    (h) State Percentages for National Highway System Apportionments.--
            (1) In general.--The percentage referred to in section 
        104(b)(1) of title 23, United States Code, for each State shall 
        be determined in accordance with the following table:

States:                                           Adjustment percentage
        Alabama............................................        2.02
        Alaska.............................................        1.24
        Arizona............................................        1.68
        Arkansas...........................................        1.32
        California.........................................        9.81
        Colorado...........................................        1.23
        Connecticut........................................        1.64
        Delaware...........................................        0.40
        District of Columbia...............................        0.52
        Florida............................................        4.77
        Georgia............................................        3.60
        Hawaii.............................................        0.70
        Idaho..............................................        0.70
        Illinois...........................................        3.71
        Indiana............................................        2.63
        Iowa...............................................        1.13
        Kansas.............................................        1.10
        Kentucky...........................................        1.91
        Louisiana..........................................        1.63
        Maine..............................................        0.50
        Maryland...........................................        1.64
        Massachusetts......................................        1.68
        Michigan...........................................        3.34
        Minnesota..........................................        1.56
        Mississippi........................................        1.23
        Missouri...........................................        2.45
        Montana............................................        0.95
        Nebraska...........................................        0.73
        Nevada.............................................        0.67
        New Hampshire......................................        0.48
        New Jersey.........................................        2.28
        New Mexico.........................................        1.05
        New York...........................................        4.27
        North Carolina.....................................        2.83
        North Dakota.......................................        0.76
        Ohio...............................................        3.77
        Oklahoma...........................................        1.55
        Oregon.............................................        1.23
        Pennsylvania.......................................        4.12
        Puerto Rico........................................        0.50
        Rhode Island.......................................        0.55
        South Carolina.....................................        1.63
        South Dakota.......................................        0.70
        Tennessee..........................................        2.30
        Texas..............................................        7.21
        Utah...............................................        0.71
        Vermont............................................        0.43
        Virginia...........................................        2.61
        Washington.........................................        1.75
        West Virginia......................................        0.76
        Wisconsin..........................................        1.91
        Wyoming............................................       0.66.
            (2) Additional rule.--Any State with lane miles on the 
        National Highway System totaling between 3,500 and 4,000 miles 
        shall be treated as a State meeting the requirements of section 
        104(b)(1)(A) of title 23, United States Code, for purposes of 
        such section.
    (i) Use of Most Up-to-Date Data.--The Secretary shall use the most 
up-to-date data available for the latest fiscal year for the purposes 
of making apportionments under this section and section 157 of title 
23, United States Code.

SEC. 105. INTERSTATE MAINTENANCE PROGRAM.

    Section 119 is further amended--
            (1) in subsection (a)--
                    (A) by striking ``and rehabilitating'' and 
                inserting ``, rehabilitating, and reconstructing'';
                    (B) by striking ``of this title and'' and inserting 
                a comma;
                    (C) by striking ``this sentence'' and inserting 
                ``the Building Efficient Surface Transportation and 
                Equity Act of 1997'';
                    (D) by striking ``of this title;'' and inserting 
                ``, and any segments that become part of the Interstate 
                System under section 1105(e)(5) of the Intermodal 
                Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991;''; and
                    (E) by striking ``subsection (e)'' and inserting 
                ``section 129 or continued in effect by section 1012(d) 
                of the Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act 
                of 1991 and not voided by the Secretary under section 
                120(c) of the Surface Transportation and Uniform 
                Relocation Assistance Act of 1987 (101 Stat. 159)'';
            (2) by striking subsections (b), (c), and (e); and
            (3) by redesignating subsections (d), (f), and (g) as 
        subsections (b), (c), and (d), respectively.

SEC. 106. NATIONAL HIGHWAY SYSTEM.

    (a) Components.--Section 103(b) is amended--
            (1) by striking the last 4 sentences of paragraph (2)(B);
            (2) in paragraph (2)(C) by striking ``and be subject to 
        approval by Congress in accordance with paragraph (3)''; and
            (3) in paragraph (2)(D) by striking ``and subject to 
        approval by Congress in accordance with paragraph (3)''.
    (b) Maximum Mileage.--Section 103(b) is amended--
            (1) by striking paragraphs (3) and (4) and inserting the 
        following:
            ``(3) Maximum mileage.--The mileage of highways on the 
        National Highway System shall not exceed 155,000 miles; except 
        that the Secretary may increase or decrease such maximum 
        mileage by not to exceed 15 percent.''; and
            (2) by redesignating paragraphs (5) and (6) as paragraphs 
        (4) and (5), respectively.
    (c) Designation.--Section 103(b)(4), as so redesignated by 
subsection (b)(2) of this section, is amended--
            (1) by inserting ``(A) Basic system.--'' before ``The 
        National'';
            (2) by inserting after subparagraph (A), as so designated 
        by paragraph (1) of this subsection, the following:
                    ``(B) Intermodal connectors.--The modifications to 
                the National Highway System that consist of highway 
                connections to major ports, airports, international 
                border crossings, public transportation and transit 
                facilities, interstate bus terminals, and rail and 
                other intermodal transportation facilities, as 
                submitted to Congress by the Secretary on the map dated 
                May 24, 1996, are designated within the United States, 
                including the District of Columbia and the Commonwealth 
                of Puerto Rico.''; and
            (3) by indenting such subparagraph (A) and aligning it with 
        subparagraph (B), as inserted by paragraph (2) of this 
        subsection.
    (d) Modifications.--Section 103(b)(5)(A), as redesignated by 
subsection (b)(2) of this section, is amended by inserting ``or, in the 
case of the strategic highway network, that are proposed by the 
Secretary in consultation with appropriate Federal agencies and the 
States'' before ``if the Secretary''.
    (e) Conforming Amendments.--Section 103(b) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (5), as redesignated by subsection (b)(2) 
        of this section, by striking ``Subject to paragraph (7), the'' 
        and inserting ``The'';
            (2) by striking paragraph (7);
            (3) by redesignating paragraph (8) as paragraph (6); and
            (4) in paragraph (6), as so redesignated, by striking 
        ``paragraph (5)'' and inserting ``paragraph (4)''.
    (f) Technical Amendment.--Section 103 is amended--
            (1) by redesignating paragraphs (1) through (13) of 
        subsection (i) as subparagraphs (A) through (M), respectively;
            (2) by redesignating subsection (i) as paragraph (7);
            (3) by moving such paragraph (7) (including such 
        subparagraphs) to the end of subsection (b); and
            (4) by moving such paragraph (7) (including such 
        subparagraphs) 2 ems to the right.
    (g) Effect on Existing Apportionments.--The amendments made by this 
section shall not affect funds apportioned or allocated under title 23, 
United States Code, before the date of the enactment of this Act.
    (h) Intermodal Freight Connectors Study.--
            (1) Report.--Not later than 24 months after the date of the 
        enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall review the condition 
        of and improvements made to connectors on the National Highway 
        System approved by this Act that serve seaports, airports, and 
        other intermodal freight transportation facilities since the 
        designation of the National Highway System and shall report to 
        Congress on the results of such review.
            (2) Review.--In preparing the report, the Secretary shall 
        review the connectors designated by this Act as part of the 
        National Highway System and identify projects carried out on 
        those connectors which were intended to provide and improve 
        service to an intermodal facility referred to in paragraph (1) 
        and to facilitate the efficient movement of freight, including 
        movements of freight between modes.
            (3) Identification of impediments.--If the Secretary 
        determines on the basis of the review that there are 
        impediments to improving the connectors serving intermodal 
        facilities referred to in paragraph (1), the Secretary shall 
        identify such impediments, including any funding for such 
        connectors, and make any appropriate recommendations as part of 
        the Secretary's report to Congress.
    (i) Highway Signs on the National Highway System.--
            (1) Competition.--The Secretary shall conduct in accordance 
        with this subsection a national children's competition to 
        design a national logo sign for the routes comprising the 
        National Highway System. Children 14 years of age and under 
        shall be eligible for such competition.
            (2) Panel of judges.--The Secretary shall appoint a panel 
        of not less than 6 persons to evaluate all designs submitted 
        under the competition and select a winning design. The panel 
        shall be composed of--
                    (A) a representative of the Department of 
                Transportation;
                    (B) a representative designated by the American 
                Association of State Highway and Transportation 
                Officials;
                    (C) a representative of the motor carrier industry;
                    (D) a representative of private organizations 
                dedicated to advancement of the arts; and
                    (E) a representative of the motoring public.
            (3) Report and plan.--Not later than 24 months after the 
        date of the enactment of this section, the Secretary shall 
        initiate and complete the competition and submit to the 
        Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of the House of 
        Representatives and the Committee on Environment and Public 
        Works of the Senate a report on the results of the competition, 
        a plan for the placement of logo signs on the National Highway 
        System, and an estimate of the cost of implementing such plan.

SEC. 107. HIGHWAY BRIDGE PROGRAM.

    (a) Apportionment Formula.--Section 144(e) is amended by inserting 
before the period at the end of the fourth sentence the following: ``, 
and, if a State transfers funds apportioned to it under this section in 
a fiscal year beginning after September 30, 1997, to any other 
apportionment of funds to such State under this title, the total cost 
of deficient bridges in such State and in all States to be determined 
for the succeeding fiscal year shall be reduced by the amount of such 
transferred funds''.
    (b) Discretionary Bridge Set Aside.--Section 144(g)(1) is amended--
            (1) by inserting ``(A) Fiscal years 1992 through 1997.--'' 
        before ``Of the amounts'';
            (2) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(B) Fiscal years 1998 through 2000.--The amounts 
                authorized for each of fiscal years 1998, 1999, and 
                2000 by section 127(a)(1) of the Building Efficient 
                Surface Transportation and Equity Act of 1997 shall be 
                at the discretion of the Secretary.''; and
            (3) by indenting subparagraph (A), as so designated by 
        paragraph (2) of this subsection, and aligning such 
        subparagraph (A) with subparagraph (B), as inserted by 
        paragraph (2) of this subsection.
    (c) Off System Bridge Set Aside.--Section 144(g)(3) is amended--
            (1) by striking ``, 1988'' and all that follows through 
        ``1997,'' and inserting ``through 2000,''; and
            (2) by striking ``system'' each place it appears and 
        inserting ``highway''.
    (d) Eligibility.--Section 144 is amended--
            (1) in subsection (d) by inserting after ``magnesium 
        acetate'' the following: ``or agriculturally derived, 
        environmentally acceptable, minimally corrosive anti-icing and 
        de-icing compositions or installing scour countermeasures'';
            (2) in subsection (d) by inserting after ``such acetate'' 
        each place it appears the following: ``or such anti-icing or 
        de-icing composition or installation of such countermeasures''; 
        and
            (3) in subsection (g)(3) by inserting after ``magnesium 
        acetate'' the following: ``or agriculturally derived, 
        environmentally acceptable, minimally corrosive anti-icing and 
        de-icing compositions or install scour countermeasures''.
    (e) Conforming Amendment.--Section 144(n) is amended by striking 
``system'' and inserting ``highway''.

SEC. 108. SURFACE TRANSPORTATION PROGRAM.

    (a) Establishment of Program.--Section 133(a) is amended by 
inserting after ``establish'' the following: ``and implement.''.
    (b) Application of Anti-icing and De-icing Compositions to 
Bridges.--Section 133(b)(1) is amended by inserting after ``magnesium 
acetate'' the following: ``or agriculturally derived, environmentally 
acceptable, minimally corrosive anti-icing and de-icing compositions''.
    (c) Transportation Control Measures.--Section 133(b)(9) is amended 
by striking ``clauses (xii) and'' and inserting ``clause''.
    (d) Environmental Restoration and Pollution Abatement Projects.--
Section 133(b) is amended by adding at the end the following:
            ``(12) Environmental restoration and pollution abatement 
        projects, including the retrofit or construction of storm water 
        treatment systems, to address water pollution or environmental 
        degradation caused or contributed to by existing transportation 
        facilities at the time such transportation facilities are 
        undergoing reconstruction, rehabilitation, resurfacing, or 
        restoration; except that the expenditure of funds under this 
        section for any such environmental restoration or pollution 
        abatement project shall not exceed 20 percent of the total cost 
        of the reconstruction, rehabilitation, resurfacing, or 
        restoration project.''.
    (e) Division of Funds.--Section 133(d)(3)(B) is amended by adding 
at the end the following: ``Notwithstanding subsection (c), up to 15 
percent of the amounts required to be obligated under this subparagraph 
may be obligated on roads functionally classified as minor 
collectors''.
    (f) Program Approval.--Section 133(e)(2) is amended to read as 
follows:
            ``(2) Program approval.--Each State shall submit a project 
        agreement for each fiscal year, certifying that the State will 
        meet all the requirements of this section and notifying the 
        Secretary of the amount of obligations needed to administer the 
        surface transportation program. Each State shall request 
        adjustments to the amount of obligations as needed. The 
        Secretary's approval of the project agreement shall be deemed a 
        contractual obligation of the United States for the payment of 
        surface transportation program funds provided under this 
        title.''.
    (g) Conforming Amendment.--Section 134(f) is amended by striking 
``6-fiscal year period 1992 through 1997'' and inserting ``fiscal years 
for which funds are made available by the Building Efficient Surface 
Transportation and Equity Act of 1997''.

SEC. 109. CONGESTION MITIGATION AND AIR QUALITY IMPROVEMENT PROGRAM.

    (a) Establishment of Program.--Section 149(a) is amended by 
inserting after ``establish'' the following: ``and implement''.
    (b) Currently Eligible Projects.--Section 149(b) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (1)(A) by striking ``clauses (xii) and''; 
        and inserting ``clause'';
            (2) by striking ``or'' at the end of paragraph (3);
            (3) by striking ``standard.'' at the end of paragraph (4) 
        and inserting ``standard; or'';
            (4) by inserting after paragraph (4) the following:
            ``(5) if the program or project would have been eligible 
        for funding on or before September 30, 1997, under guidance 
        issued by the Secretary to implement this section.''; and
            (5) by striking the second sentence and inserting the 
        following: ``Funds may be provided under this section for a 
        project which will result in the construction of new capacity 
        available to single occupant vehicles and available to high 
        occupancy vehicles if the project is otherwise eligible for 
        assistance under this section.''.
    (c) Study of Effectiveness of CMAQ Program.--
            (1) Study.--The Secretary shall request the National 
        Academy of Sciences to study the impact of the congestion 
        mitigation and air quality improvement program on the air 
        quality of nonattainment areas. The study shall, at a minimum--
                    (A) determine the amount of funds obligated under 
                such program in each nonattainment area and to make a 
                comprehensive analysis of the types of projects funded 
                under such program;
                    (B) identify any improvements to or degradations of 
                the air quality in each nonattainment area; and
                    (C) measure the impact of the projects funded under 
                such program on the air quality of each nonattainment 
                area.
            (2) Report.--Not later than January 1, 2000, the National 
        Academy of Sciences shall transmit to the Secretary, the 
        Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of the House of 
        Representatives, and the Committee on Environment and Public 
        Works of the Senate a report on the results of the study with 
        recommendations for modifications to the congestion mitigation 
        and air quality improvement program in light of the results of 
        the study.
            (3) Funding.--Before making the apportionment of funds 
        under section 104(b)(2) for each of fiscal years 1998 and 1999, 
        the Secretary shall deduct from the amount to be apportioned 
        under such section for such fiscal year, and make available, 
        $500,000 for such fiscal year to carry out this subsection.

SEC. 110. HIGH RISK ROAD SAFETY IMPROVEMENT PROGRAM.

    (a) In General.--Chapter 1 is amended by inserting after section 
153 the following:
``Sec. 154. High risk road safety improvement program
    ``(a) Establishment.--The Secretary shall establish and implement a 
high risk road safety improvement program in accordance with this 
section.
    ``(b) Eligible Projects.--A State may obligate funds apportioned to 
it under section 104(b)(4) only for construction and operational 
improvement projects on high risk roads and only if the primary purpose 
of the project is to improve highway safety on a high risk road.
    ``(c) State Allocation System.--Each State shall establish a system 
for allocating funds apportioned to it under section 104(b)(4) among 
projects eligible for assistance under this section that have the 
highest benefits to highway safety. Such system may include a safety 
management system established by the State under section 303 or a 
survey established pursuant to section 152(a).
    ``(d) Transferability.--A State may transfer not to exceed 50 
percent of the amount of funds apportioned to it under section 
104(b)(4) for any fiscal year to the apportionment of such State under 
section 104(b)(1) or 104(b)(3) or both.
    ``(e) Applicability of Planning Requirements.--Programming and 
expenditure of funds for projects under this section shall be 
consistent with the requirements of sections 134 and 135.
    ``(f) Definitions.--In this section, the following definitions 
apply:
            ``(1) High risk road.--The term `high risk road' means any 
        Federal-aid highway or segment of a Federal-aid highway--
                    ``(A) on which a significant number of severe motor 
                vehicle crashes occur; or
                    ``(B) which has current, or will likely have, 
                increases in traffic volume that are likely to create a 
                potential for severe crash consequences in a 
                significant number of motor vehicle crashes.
            ``(2) Severe crash.--The term `severe crash' means a motor 
        vehicle crash in which a fatality or incapacitating injury 
        occurs.''.
    (b) Conforming Amendment.--The table of sections for chapter 1 is 
amended by inserting after the item relating to section 153 the 
following:

``154. High risk road safety improvement program.''.

SEC. 111. MINIMUM ALLOCATION.

    (a) General Rules.--Section 157(a) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (4)--
                    (A) by striking ``Thereafter'' and inserting 
                ``Fiscal years 1992-1997; and
                    (B) by striking ``fiscal years 1992 and each fiscal 
                year thereafter'' and inserting ``each of fiscal years 
                1992 through 1997''; and
            (2) by adding at the end the following new paragraph:
            ``(5) Thereafter.--In fiscal year 1998 and each fiscal year 
        thereafter on October 1, or as soon as possible thereafter, the 
        Secretary shall allocate among the States amounts sufficient to 
        ensure that a State's percentage of the total apportionments in 
        each such fiscal year for Interstate maintenance, the National 
        Highway System, the bridge program, the surface transportation 
        program, the congestion mitigation and air quality improvement 
        program, the high risk road safety improvement program, the 
        recreational trails program, the Appalachian Development 
        Highway System program, and metropolitan planning shall not be 
        less than 95 percent of the percentage of estimated tax 
        payments attributable to highway users in the State paid into 
        the Highway Trust Fund, other than the Mass Transit Account, in 
        the latest fiscal year for which data are available.''.
    (b) Availability of Funds.--Section 157(b) is amended--
            (1) by inserting before ``Amounts allocated'' the 
        following: ``Availability of Funds'';
            (2) by striking ``Interstate highway substitute,'' and all 
        that follows through ``crossing projects'' and inserting ``any 
        purpose described in section 133(b)''; and
            (3) by inserting before the period at the end ``and section 
        103(c) of the Building Efficient Surface Transportation and 
        Equity Act of 1997''.
    (c) Conforming Amendments.--Section 157 is further amended--
            (1) in subsection (d) by striking ``154(f) or''; and
            (2) in subsection (e) by inserting before ``In order'' the 
        following: ``Authorization of Appropriations.--''.
    (d) Minimum Allocation Adjustment.--If the Secretary--
            (1) determines that--
                    (A) the ratio of--
                            (i) the aggregate of funds made available 
                        by this Act, including any amendments made by 
                        this Act, that are apportioned to a State for 
                        Federal-aid highway programs (including funds 
                        allocated to the State under section 157 of 
                        title 23, United States Code) for fiscal year 
                        1998, 1999, or 2000, to
                            (ii) the aggregate of such funds 
                        apportioned to all States for such programs for 
                        such fiscal year, is less than
                    (B) the ratio of--
                            (i) estimated tax payments attributable to 
                        highway users in the State paid into the 
                        Highway Trust Fund, other than the Mass Transit 
                        Account, in the latest fiscal year for which 
                        data are available, to
                            (ii) the estimated tax payments 
                        attributable to highway users in all States 
                        paid into such Trust Fund in such latest fiscal 
                        year; and
            (2) determines that--
                    (A) the ratio determined under paragraph (1)(A)(i), 
                is less than
                    (B) the ratio of--
                            (i) the aggregate of funds made available 
                        by the Intermodal Surface Transportation 
                        Efficiency Act of 1991, including any 
                        amendments made by such Act, and section 202 of 
                        the National Highway System Designation Act of 
                        1995 that are apportioned to the State for 
                        Federal-aid highway programs (other than 
                        Federal lands highway programs and projects 
                        under sections 1103-1108 of the Intermodal 
                        Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991) 
                        for fiscal years 1992 through 1997, to
                            (ii) the aggregate of such funds 
                        apportioned to all States for such programs for 
                        such fiscal years;
the Secretary shall allocate under such section 157 to the State 
amounts sufficient to ensure that the State's percentage of total 
apportionments for Federal-aid highway programs (including allocations 
under such section 157) for such fiscal year 1998, 1999, or 2000 under 
this Act, including any amendments made by this Act, is equal to the 
State's percentage of total apportionments for Federal-aid highway 
programs (other than Federal lands highway programs and projects under 
sections 1103-1008 of the Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency 
Act of 1991) for fiscal year 1997 under the Intermodal Surface 
Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991, including any amendments made by 
such Act, and section 202 of the National Highway System Designation 
Act of 1995. The allocation shall be made on October 1 of such fiscal 
year 1998, 1999, or 2000 or as soon as possible thereafter and shall be 
in addition to any other allocation to the State under such section 157 
for such fiscal year.

SEC. 112. APPALACHIAN DEVELOPMENT HIGHWAY SYSTEM.

    (a) Apportionment.--The Secretary shall apportion funds made 
available by section 102 for fiscal years 1998, 1999, and 2000 among 
the States based on the latest available cost to complete estimate for 
the Appalachian Development Highway System prepared by the Appalachian 
Regional Commission, unless the Appalachian Regional Commission adopts 
a alternative method for distribution. In general, no State containing 
Appalachian Development Highway System routes shall receive an 
apportionment of less than $1,000,000. For fiscal years 1999 and 2000, 
any alternative method for distribution adopted by the Appalachian 
Regional Commission must be communicated to the Secretary at least 30 
days prior to the beginning of the fiscal year in which the 
apportionment is to be made. Such funds shall be available to construct 
highways on such system.
    (b) Applicability of Title 23.--Funds authorized by section 102 of 
this Act for the Appalachian development highway system under section 
201 of the Appalachian Regional Development Act of 1965 shall be 
available for obligation in the same manner as if such funds were 
apportioned under chapter 1 of title 23, United States Code, except 
that the Federal share of the cost of any project under this section 
shall be determined in accordance with such section 201 and such funds 
shall remain available until expended.
    (c) Federal Share for Pre-Financed Projects.--Section 201(h)(1) of 
the Appalachian Regional Development Act of 1965 (40 U.S.C. App.) is 
amended by striking ``70'' and inserting ``80''.
    (d) Deduction for Administrative Expenses.--Section 201 of such Act 
is amended by adding at the end the following new subsection:
    ``(i) Deduction for Administrative Expenses.--On October 1 of each 
fiscal year, or as soon as is practicable thereafter, there shall be 
deducted, for the expenses of the Appalachian Regional Commission in 
administering the funds authorized under this section for such year, 
not to exceed 3.75 percent of the funds made available for such year 
under subsection (g) of this section.''.

SEC. 113. HIGH COST INTERSTATE SYSTEM RECONSTRUCTION AND IMPROVEMENT 
              PROGRAM.

    (a) In General.--Section 160 is amended to read as follows:
``Sec. 160. High cost interstate system reconstruction and improvement 
              program
    ``(a) Establishment.--The Secretary shall establish and implement a 
high cost interstate system reconstruction and improvement program in 
accordance with this section.
    ``(b) Eligible Projects.--Funds made available to carry out the 
high cost interstate reconstruction and improvement program under this 
section for a fiscal year shall be available for obligation by the 
Secretary for any major reconstruction or improvement project to any 
highway designated as part of the Interstate System and open to traffic 
before the date of the enactment of the Building Efficient Surface 
Transportation and Equity Act of 1997. Such funds shall be made 
available by the Secretary to any State applying for such funds only if 
the Secretary determines that--
            ``(1) the total cost of the project is greater than the 
        lesser of $200,000,000 or 50 percent of the aggregate amount of 
        funds apportioned to the State under this title for such fiscal 
        year;
            ``(2) the project is a ready-to-commence project;
            ``(3) the State agrees that it will not transfer funds 
        apportioned to it under section 104(b)(5) for such fiscal year 
        to any other program category; and
            ``(4) the applicant agrees to obligate the funds within 1 
        year of the date the funds are made available.
    ``(c) Allocation of Funds.--Of the funds made available to carry 
out the program under this section, the Secretary shall allocate--
            ``(1) not less than $165,000,000 for fiscal year 1998, 
        $412,500,000 for fiscal year 1999, and $660,000,000 for fiscal 
        year 2000 among States in the ratio that the estimated cost of 
        carrying out projects determined by the Secretary to be 
        eligible for funding under subsection (b) in each State bears 
        to the estimated cost of carrying out such projects in all of 
        the States; and
            ``(2) at the discretion of the Secretary, not more than the 
        amounts set forth in section 127(a)(2) for each of fiscal years 
        1998, 1999, and 2000 for projects eligible for assistance under 
        this section to--
                    ``(A) meet an extraordinary need for funding; or
                    ``(B) help expedite completion of a project of 
                national significance.
    ``(d) Unallocated Funds.--
            ``(1) Apportionment.--If, on August 1 of fiscal year 1998 
        and each fiscal year thereafter, the Secretary determines that 
        funds authorized to be allocated in such fiscal year for the 
        program under this section will not be allocated in such fiscal 
        year as a result of not enough projects being eligible for 
        assistance under this section, the Secretary shall apportion 
        under section 104(b)(5) such funds among the States for the 
        Interstate maintenance program.
            ``(2) Redistribution of obligation authority.--The 
        Secretary shall also redistribute on such August 1 any 
        obligation authority that is allocated for the fiscal year 
        under section 103(c)(4) of the Building Efficient Surface 
        Transportation and Equity Act of 1997 attributable to the 
        program under this section and that the Secretary determines 
        will not be used before September 30 of such fiscal year among 
        the States (other than a State from which obligation authority 
        for such fiscal year is redistributed under section 103(d) of 
        such Act) in the same ratio as set forth in section 103(c)(5) 
        of such Act.
    ``(e) Applicability of Planning Requirements.--Programming and 
expenditure of funds for projects under this section shall be 
consistent with the requirements of sections 134 and 135.
    ``(f) Future Allocations.--
            ``(1) Determinations.--The Secretary shall, in cooperation 
        with States and affected metropolitan planning organizations, 
        determine--
                    ``(A) the expected condition of the Interstate 
                System over the next 10 years and the needs of States 
                and metropolitan planning organizations to reconstruct 
                and improve the Interstate System; and
                    ``(B) a method to allocate funds made available 
                under this section that would--
                            ``(i) address the needs identified in 
                        subparagraph (A);
                            ``(ii) provide a fair and equitable 
                        distribution of such funds; and
                            ``(iii) allow for States to address any 
                        extraordinary needs.
            ``(2) Report.--The determination made under paragraph (1) 
        shall be submitted to Congress in a report not later than 
        January 1, 2000.''.
    (b) Conforming Amendment.--The table of sections for chapter 1 is 
amended by striking the item relating to section 160 and inserting the 
following:

``160. High cost interstate system reconstruction and improvement 
                            program.''.

SEC. 114. RECREATIONAL TRAILS PROGRAM.

    (a) In General.--Chapter 2 of title 23, United States Code, is 
amended by inserting after section 205 the following:

``SEC. 206. RECREATIONAL TRAILS PROGRAM.

    ``(a) In General.--The Secretary, in consultation with the 
Secretary of the Interior and the Secretary of Agriculture, shall 
administer a national program for the purposes of providing and 
maintaining recreational trails.
    ``(b) Statement of Intent.--Funds made available to carry out the 
recreational trails program under this section are to be derived from 
revenues collected through motor fuel taxes from nonhighway users and 
are to be used on trails and trail-related projects which have been 
planned and developed under the otherwise existing laws, policies, and 
administrative procedures within each State, and which are identified 
in, or which further a specific goal of, a trail plan included or 
referenced in a statewide comprehensive outdoor recreation plan 
required by the Land and Water Conservation Fund Act of 1965 (16 U.S.C. 
460l-4 et seq.).
    ``(c) State Eligibility.--A State shall be eligible to obligate 
funds apportioned to it under section 104(h) only if--
            ``(1) the Governor of the State has designated the State 
        agency or agencies that will be responsible for administering 
        funds received under this section; and
            ``(2) a recreational trail advisory committee on which both 
        motorized and nonmotorized recreational trail users are fairly 
        represented exists within the State.
    ``(d) Federal Share Payable.--
            ``(1) In general.--Except as provided in paragraphs (2), 
        (3), (4), and (5), the Federal share payable on account of a 
        project under this section shall not exceed 50 percent.
            ``(2) Federal agency project sponsor.--Notwithstanding any 
        other provision of law, a Federal agency sponsoring a project 
        under this section may contribute additional Federal funds 
        toward a project's cost if the share attributable to the 
        Secretary does not exceed 50 percent and the share attributable 
        to the Secretary and the Federal agency jointly does not exceed 
        80 percent.
            ``(3) Allowable match from federal programs.--The following 
        Federal programs may be used to contribute additional Federal 
        funds toward a project's cost and may be accounted for as 
        contributing to the non-Federal share:
                    ``(A) State and Local Fiscal Assistance Act of 1972 
                (Public Law 92-512).
                    ``(B) HUD Community Development Block Grants 
                (Public Law 93-383).
                    ``(C) Public Works Employment Act of 1976 (Public 
                Law 94-369).
                    ``(D) Acts establishing national heritage corridors 
                and areas.
                    ``(E) Job Training Partnership Act of 1982 (Public 
                Law 97-300).
                    ``(F) National and Community Service Trust Act of 
                1993 (Public Law 103-82).
                    ``(G) Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity 
                Reconciliation Act of 1996 (Public Law 104-93).
            ``(4) Programmatic non-federal share.--A State may allow 
        adjustments of the non-Federal share of individual projects in 
        a fiscal year if the total Federal share payable for all 
        projects within the State carried out under this section with 
        funds apportioned to the State under section 104(h) for such 
        fiscal year does not exceed 50 percent. For purposes of this 
        paragraph, a project funded under paragraph (2) or (3) of this 
        subsection may not be included in the calculation of the 
        programmatic non-Federal share.
            ``(5) State administrative costs.--The Federal share 
        payable on account of the administrative costs of a State under 
        subsection (e)(1)(A) shall be determined in accordance with 
        section 120(b).
    ``(e) Use of Funds.--
            ``(1) Permissible uses.--A State may use funds apportioned 
        to it under section 104(h)--
                    ``(A) in an amount not exceeding 7 percent of such 
                funds, for administrative costs of the State;
                    ``(B) in an amount not exceeding 5 percent of such 
                funds, for operation of environmental protection 
                education and safety education programs relating to the 
                use of recreational trails;
                    ``(C) for development and rehabilitation of urban 
                trail linkages to provide connections to and among 
                neighborhoods and community centers and between trails;
                    ``(D) for maintenance of existing recreational 
                trails, including the grooming and maintenance of 
                trails across snow;
                    ``(E) for restoration of areas damaged by usage of 
                recreational trails, including back country terrain;
                    ``(F) for development and rehabilitation of trail-
                side and trail-head facilities that meet goals 
                identified by the National Recreational Trails Advisory 
                Committee;
                    ``(G) for provision of features which facilitate 
                the access and use of trails by persons with 
                disabilities;
                    ``(H) for acquisition of easements for trails, or 
                for trail corridors identified in a State trail plan;
                    ``(I) for acquisition of fee simple title to 
                property from a willing seller, when the objective of 
                the acquisition cannot be accomplished by acquisition 
                of an easement or by other means;
                    ``(J) for construction of new trails on State, 
                county, municipal, or private lands, where a 
                recreational need for such construction is shown; and
                    ``(K) only as otherwise permissible and where 
                necessary and required by a statewide comprehensive 
                outdoor recreation plan, for construction of new trails 
                crossing Federal lands if such construction is approved 
                by the administering agency of the State and the 
                Federal agency or agencies charged with management of 
                all impacted lands and if such approval is contingent 
                upon compliance by the Federal agency with all 
                applicable laws, including the National Environmental 
                Policy Act (42 U.S.C. 4321 et seq.), the Forest and 
                Rangeland Renewable Resources Planning Act of 1974 (16 
                U.S.C. 1600 et seq.), and the Federal Land Policy and 
                Management Act (43 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.).
            ``(2) Use not permitted.--A State may not use funds 
        apportioned to it under section 104(h)--
                    ``(A) for condemnation of any kind of interest in 
                property;
                    ``(B)(i) for construction of any recreational trail 
                on National Forest System lands for motorized uses 
                unless--
                            ``(I) such lands have been allocated for 
                        uses other than wilderness by an approved 
                        forest land and resource management plan or 
                        have been released to uses other than 
                        wilderness by an Act of Congress, and
                            ``(II) such construction is otherwise 
                        consistent with the management direction in 
                        such approved land and resource management 
                        plan; or
                    ``(ii) for construction of any recreational trail 
                on Bureau of Land Management lands for motorized uses 
                unless--
                            ``(I) such lands have been allocated for 
                        uses other than wilderness by an approved 
                        Bureau of Land Management resource management 
                        plan or have been released to uses other than 
                        wilderness by an Act of Congress, and
                            ``(II) such construction is otherwise 
                        consistent with the management direction in 
                        such approved management plans; or
                    ``(C) for upgrading, expanding, or otherwise 
                facilitating motorized use or access to trails 
                predominantly used by non-motorized trail users and on 
                which, as of May 1, 1991, motorized use is either 
                prohibited or has not occurred.
            ``(3) Grants.--
                    ``(A) In general.--A State may provide funds 
                apportioned to it under section 104(h) to make grants 
                to private individuals, organizations, municipal, 
                county, State, and Federal government entities, and 
                other government entities as approved by the State 
                after considering guidance from the recreational trail 
                advisory committee satisfying the requirements of 
                subsection (c)(2), for uses consistent with this 
                section.
                    ``(B) Compliance.--A State that makes grants under 
                subparagraph (A) shall establish measures to verify 
                that recipients comply with the specified conditions 
                for the use of grant moneys.
            ``(4) Assured access to funds.--Except as provided under 
        paragraph (7), not less than 30 percent of the funds 
        apportioned to a State in a fiscal year under section 104(h) 
        shall be reserved for uses relating to motorized recreation, 
        and not less than 30 percent of such funds shall be reserved 
        for uses relating to non-motorized recreation.
            ``(5) Environmental mitigation.--
                    ``(A) Requirement.--To the extent practicable and 
                consistent with other requirements of this section, in 
                complying with paragraph (4), a State should give 
                consideration to project proposals that provide for the 
                redesign, reconstruction, nonroutine maintenance, or 
                relocation of trails in order to mitigate and minimize 
                the impact to the natural environment.
                    ``(B) Guidance.--A recreational trail advisory 
                committee satisfying the requirements of subsection 
                (c)(2) shall issue guidance to a State for the purposes 
                of implementing subparagraph (A).
            ``(6) Diversified trail use.--
                    ``(A) Requirement.--To the extent practicable and 
                consistent with other requirements of this section, a 
                State shall expend funds apportioned to it under 
                section 104(h) in a manner that gives preference to 
                project proposals which--
                            ``(i) provide for the greatest number of 
                        compatible recreational purposes, including 
                        those described in subsection (g)(3); or
                            ``(ii) provide for innovative recreational 
                        trail corridor sharing to accommodate motorized 
                        and non-motorized recreational trail use.
                This paragraph shall remain effective with respect to a 
                State until such time as the State has allocated not 
                less than 40 percent of funds apportioned to it under 
                section 104(h) in such manner.
                    ``(B) Compliance.--The State shall receive guidance 
                for determining compliance with subparagraph (A) from 
                the recreational trail advisory committee satisfying 
                the requirements of subsection (c)(2).
            ``(7) Exemptions.--
                    ``(A) Small state.--Any State with a total land 
                area of less than 3,500,000 acres and in which 
                nonhighway recreational fuel use accounts for less than 
                1 percent of all such fuel use in the United States 
                shall be exempted from the requirements of paragraph 
                (4) upon application to the Secretary by the State 
                demonstrating that it meets the conditions of this 
                paragraph.
                    ``(B) State recreational trail advisory 
                committee.--If approved by the State recreational trail 
                advisory committee satisfying the requirements of 
                subsection (c)(2), the State may be exempted from the 
                requirements of paragraph (4).
            ``(8) Continuing recreational use.--At the option of each 
        State, funds apportioned to it under section 104(h) may be 
        treated as Land and Water Conservation Fund moneys for the 
        purposes of section 6(f)(3) of the Land and Water Conservation 
        Fund Act.
            ``(9) Credit for donations of funds, materials, services, 
        or new right-of-way.--Nothing in this title or any other law 
        shall prevent a project sponsor from offering to donate funds, 
        materials, services, or new right-of-way for the purposes of a 
        project eligible for assistance. Any funds, or the fair market 
        value of any materials, services, or new right-of-way may be 
        donated by any project sponsor and shall be credited to the 
        non-Federal share in accordance with subsection (d). Any funds 
        or the fair market value of any materials or services may be 
        provided by a Federal project sponsor and shall be credited as 
        part of that Federal agency's share under subsection (d)(2).
            ``(10) Recreational purpose.--A project funded under this 
        section is intended to enhance recreational opportunity and is 
        not subject to the provisions of section 303 of title 49 or 
        section 138 of this title.
    ``(f) Coordination of Activities.--
            ``(1) Cooperation by federal agencies.--Each agency of the 
        United States that manages land on which a State proposes to 
        construct or maintain a recreational trail pursuant to this 
        section is encouraged to cooperate with the State and the 
        Secretary in planning and carrying out the activities described 
        in subsection (e). Nothing in this section diminishes or in any 
        way alters the land management responsibilities, plans, and 
        policies established by such agencies pursuant to other 
        applicable laws.
            ``(2) Cooperation by private persons.--
                    ``(A) Written assurances.--As a condition to making 
                available funds for work on recreational trails that 
                would affect privately owned land, a State shall obtain 
                written assurances that the owner of the property will 
                cooperate with the State and participate as necessary 
                in the activities to be conducted.
                    ``(B) Public access.--Any use of funds apportioned 
                to a State under section 104(h) on private lands must 
                be accompanied by an easement or other legally binding 
                agreement that ensures public access to the 
                recreational trail improvements funded by those funds.
    ``(g) Applicability of Chapter 1.--Funds made available to carry 
out this section shall be available for obligation in the same manner 
as if such funds were apportioned under chapter 1; except that the 
Federal share payable for a project using such funds shall be 
determined in accordance with this section and such funds shall remain 
available until expended.
    ``(h) Definitions.--In this section, the following definitions 
apply:
            ``(1) Eligible state.--The term `eligible State' means a 
        State that meets the requirements of subsection (c).
            ``(2) Nonhighway recreational fuel.--The term `nonhighway 
        recreational fuel' has the meaning such term has under section 
        9503(c)(6) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986.
            ``(3) Recreational trail.--The term `recreational trail' 
        means a thoroughfare or track across land or snow, used for 
        recreational purposes such as bicycling, cross-country skiing, 
        day hiking, equestrian activities (including carriage driving), 
        jogging or similar fitness activities, skating or 
        skateboarding, trail biking, overnight or long-distance 
        backpacking, snowmobiling, aquatic or water activity, or 
        vehicular travel by motorcycle, four-wheel drive or all-terrain 
        off-road vehicles, without regard to whether it is a `National 
        Recreation Trail' designated under section 4 of the National 
        Trails System Act (16 U.S.C. 1243).
            ``(4) Motorized recreation.--The term `motorized 
        recreation' means off-road recreation using any motor-powered 
        vehicle, except for motorized wheelchairs.''.
    (b) Conforming Amendment.--The analysis for chapter 2 is amended by 
inserting after the item relating to section 205 the following:

``206. Recreational trails program.''.
    (c) Repeal of Obsolete Provision.--Section 1302 of the Intermodal 
Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 (16 U.S.C. 1261) is 
repealed.
    (d) Termination of Advisory Committee.--Section 1303 of such Act 
(16 U.S.C. 1262) is amended by adding at the end the following:
    ``(j) Termination.--The advisory committee established by this 
section shall terminate on September 30, 2000.''.

SEC. 115. NATIONAL CORRIDOR PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM.

    (a) In General.--The Secretary shall establish and implement a 
program to make allocations to States for coordinated planning and 
design of corridors of national significance, economic growth, and 
international or interregional trade. A State may apply to the 
Secretary for allocations under this section.
    (b) Eligibility of Corridors.--The Secretary may make allocations 
under this section only with respect to the following corridors:
            (1) High priority corridors identified in section 1105(c) 
        of the Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 
        1991.
            (2) The creation or upgrade of any other significant 
        regional or multistate highway corridor not identified in whole 
        or in part in paragraph (1) that the Secretary determines 
        would--
                    (A) facilitate international or interregional 
                trade; or
                    (B) encourage or facilitate major multistate or 
                regional mobility and economic growth and development 
                in areas underserved by existing highway 
                infrastructure.
    (c) Purposes.--Allocations may be made under this section for 1 or 
more of the following purposes:
            (1) Feasibility studies.
            (2) Comprehensive corridor planning and design activities.
            (3) Location and routing studies.
            (4) Environmental review.
            (5) Multistate and intrastate coordination for corridors 
        described in subsection (b).
    (d) Corridor Development and Management Plan.--A State receiving an 
allocation under this section shall develop, in consultation with the 
Secretary, a development and management plan for the corridor with 
respect to which the allocation is being made. Such plan shall include, 
at a minimum, the following elements:
            (1) A complete and comprehensive analysis of corridor costs 
        and benefits.
            (2) A coordinated corridor development plan and schedule, 
        including a timetable for completion of all planning and 
        development activities, environmental reviews and permits, and 
        construction of all segments.
            (3) A finance plan, including any innovative financing 
        methods and, if the corridor is a multistate corridor, a State-
        by-State breakdown of corridor finances.
            (4) The results of any environmental reviews and mitigation 
        plans.
            (5) The identification of any impediments to the 
        development and construction of the corridor, including any 
        environmental, social, political and economic objections.
In the case of a multistate corridor, the Secretary shall ensure that 
all States having jurisdiction over any portion of such corridor will 
participate in the development of such plan.
    (e) Applicability of Title 23.--Funds made available by section 
127(a)(3)(B) of this Act shall be available for obligation in the same 
manner as if such funds were apportioned under chapter 1 of title 23, 
United States Code.
    (f) State Defined.--In this section the term ``State'' has the 
meaning such term has under section 101 of title 23, United States 
Code.

SEC. 116. COORDINATED BORDER INFRASTRUCTURE AND SAFETY PROGRAM.

    (a) General Authority.--The Secretary shall establish and implement 
a coordinated border infrastructure and safety program under which the 
Secretary may make allocations to any border State for projects to 
improve the safe movement of people and goods at or across the border 
between the United States and Canada and the border between the United 
States and Mexico.
    (b) Eligible Uses.--Allocations under this section may only be used 
in a border region for--
            (1) improvements to existing transportation and supporting 
        infrastructure that facilitate cross-border vehicle and cargo 
        movements;
            (2) construction of highways and related safety and safety 
        enforcement facilities that will facilitate vehicle and cargo 
        movements related to international trade;
            (3) operational improvements, including improvements 
        relating to electronic data interchange and use of 
        telecommunications, to expedite cross border vehicle and cargo 
        movement;
            (4) modifications to regulatory procedures to expedite 
        cross border vehicle and cargo movements; and
            (5) international coordination of planning, programming, 
        and border operation with Canada and Mexico relating to 
        expediting cross border vehicle and cargo movements.
    (c) Selection Criteria.--The Secretary shall make allocations under 
this section on the basis of--
            (1) expected reduction in commercial and other motor 
        vehicle travel time through an international border crossing as 
        a result of the project;
            (2) improvements in vehicle and highway safety and cargo 
        security related to motor vehicles crossing a border with 
        Canada or Mexico;
            (3) strategies to increase the use of existing, 
        underutilized border crossing facilities and approaches;
            (4) leveraging of Federal funds provided under this 
        section, including use of innovative financing, combination of 
        such funds with funding provided under other sections of this 
        Act, and combination with other sources of Federal, State, 
        local, or private funding;
            (5) degree of multinational involvement in the project and 
        demonstrated coordination with other Federal agencies 
        responsible for the inspection of vehicles, cargo, and persons 
        crossing international borders and their counterpart agencies 
        in Canada and Mexico;
            (6) the extent to which the innovative and problem-solving 
        techniques of the proposed project would be applicable to other 
        international border crossings;
            (7) demonstrated local commitment to implement and sustain 
        continuing comprehensive border planning processes and 
        improvement programs; and
            (8) such other factors as the Secretary determines are 
        appropriate to promote border transportation efficiency and 
        safety.
    (d) State Motor Vehicle Safety Inspection Facilities.--Due to the 
increase in cross-border trade as a result of the Northern American 
Free Trade Agreement, of the amounts made available to carry out this 
section for a fiscal year, not to exceed $25,000,000 for fiscal year 
1998 and not to exceed $20,000,000 for each of fiscal years 1999 and 
2000 shall be available for the construction of State motor vehicle 
safety inspection facilities for the inspection by State authorities of 
commercial motor vehicles crossing the border to ensure the safety of 
such vehicles.
    (e) Location of Projects.--At least 2 of the projects receiving 
allocations under this section shall be projects in the vicinity the 
border of the United States and Mexico and at least 2 of such projects 
shall be projects in the vicinity of the border of the United States 
and Canada.
    (f) Applicability of Title 23.--Funds authorized by section 
127(a)(3)(A) of this Act shall be available for obligation in the same 
manner as if such funds were apportioned under chapter 1 of title 23, 
United States Code.
    (g) Definitions.--In this section, the following definitions apply:
            (1) Border region.--The term ``border region'' means the 
        portion of a border State in the vicinity of an international 
        border with Canada or Mexico.
            (2) Border state.--The term ``border State'' means any 
        State that has a boundary in common with Canada or Mexico.

SEC. 117. FEDERAL LANDS HIGHWAYS PROGRAM.

    (a) Federal Share Payable.--Section 120 is amended--
            (1) in subsection (e)--
                    (A) by striking ``(c)'' and inserting ``(b)''; and
                    (B) by striking ``90'' and inserting ``120''; and
            (2) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(j) Funds Appropriated to a Federal Land Managing Agency.--
Notwithstanding any other provision of law, the funds appropriated to 
any Federal land managing agency may be used as the non-Federal share 
payable on account of any Federal-aid highway project the Federal share 
of which is payable with funds apportioned under section 104 or 144 or 
allocated under the Federal scenic byways program.
    ``(k) Funds Appropriated for Federal Lands Highways Program.--
Notwithstanding any other provision of law, funds appropriated for 
carrying out the Federal lands highways program under section 204 may 
be used as the non-Federal share payable on account of any project that 
is carried out with funds apportioned under section 104 or 144 or 
allocated under the Federal scenic byways program if the project will 
provide access to, or be carried out within, Federal or Indian 
lands.''.
    (b) Allocations.--Section 202 is amended--
            (1) by striking subsection (b) and inserting the following:
    ``(b) Allocation of Sums Authorized for Public Lands Highways.--
            ``(1) In general.--On October 1 of each fiscal year and 
        after making the transfer provided for in section 204(i), the 
        Secretary shall allocate the sums authorized to be appropriated 
        for such fiscal year for public lands highways for 
        transportation projects within the boundaries of those States 
        having unappropriated or unreserved public lands, nontaxable 
        Indian lands, or other Federal reservations, on the basis of 
        need in such States, respectively, as determined by the 
        Secretary from applications for such funds by Federal land 
        managing agencies, Indian tribal governments, and States.
            ``(2) Preference.--In allocating sums under paragraph (1), 
        the Secretary shall give preference to those projects that are 
        significantly impacted by Federal land, recreation, or resource 
        management activities that are proposed within the boundaries 
        of a State in which at least 3 percent of the total public 
        lands in the United States are located.''; and
            (2) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(e) Forest Highways.--
            ``(1) National forests with acquired federal lands.--On 
        October 1 of each fiscal year and after making the transfer 
        provided for in section 204(g), the Secretary shall allocate 50 
        percent of the sums authorized to be appropriated for such 
        fiscal year for forest highways as follows:
                    ``(A) \1/3\ based on the percentage of the national 
                total forest highway mileage;
                    ``(B) \1/3\ based on the percentage of forest-
                related vehicle miles traveled on national forest 
                highways; and
                    ``(C) \1/3\ based on the percentage of national 
                forests with acquired Federal lands.
            ``(2) National forests with public domain lands.--On 
        October 1 of each fiscal year and after making the transfer 
        provided for in section 204(g), the Secretary shall allocate 
        the remaining 50 percent of the sums authorized to be 
        appropriated for such fiscal year for forest highways as 
        follows:
                    ``(A) \1/3\ based on the percentage of the national 
                total forest highway mileage;
                    ``(B) \1/3\ based on the percentage of forest-
                related vehicle miles traveled on national forest 
                highways; and
                    ``(C) \1/3\ based on the percentage of national 
                forests with public domain Federal lands.
            ``(3) Project selection.--With respect to allocations under 
        this subsection, the Secretary shall give priority to projects 
        that provide access to and within the National Forest System, 
        as identified by the Secretary of Agriculture through renewable 
        resources and land use planning and the impact of such planning 
        on existing transportation facilities.''.
    (c) Availability of Funds.--Section 203 is amended--
            (1) by striking ``Funds authorized for,'' and inserting 
        ``(a) In General.--Funds authorized for forest highways,'';
            (2) in the fourth sentence by inserting ``forest highways'' 
        after ``any fiscal year for''; and
            (3) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(b) Time of Obligation.--Notwithstanding any other provision of 
law, the Secretary's authorization of engineering and related work for 
a Federal lands highways program project or the Secretary's approval of 
plans, specifications, and estimates for construction of a Federal 
lands highways program project shall be deemed to constitute a 
contractual obligation of the Federal Government for the payment of its 
contribution to such project.''.
    (d) Award of Contracts; Transfers--Section 204 is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a) to read as follows:
    ``(a) Recognizing the need for all Federal roads that are public 
roads to be treated under uniform policies similar to those that apply 
to Federal-aid highways, there is established a coordinated Federal 
Lands Highways Program which shall consist of forest highways, public 
lands highways, park roads and parkways, and Indian reservation roads 
and bridges. The Secretary, in cooperation with the Secretary of the 
appropriate Federal land managing agency, shall develop transportation 
planning procedures which are consistent with the metropolitan and 
Statewide planning processes in sections 134 and 135 of this title. The 
transportation improvement program developed as a part of the 
transportation planning process under this section shall be approved by 
the Secretary. All regionally significant Federal Lands Highway Program 
projects shall be developed in cooperation with States and metropolitan 
planning organizations and be included in appropriate Federal Lands 
Highways Program, State, and metropolitan plans and transportation 
improvement programs. The approved Federal Lands Highways Program 
transportation improvement program shall be included in appropriate 
State and metropolitan planning organization plans and programs without 
further action thereon. The Secretary and the Secretary of the 
appropriate Federal land managing agency shall develop appropriate 
safety, bridge, and pavement management systems for roads funded under 
the Federal Lands Highways Program.'';
            (2) by striking the first three sentences of subsection (b) 
        and inserting ``Funds available for forest highways, public 
        lands highways, park roads and parkways, and Indian reservation 
        roads shall be used by the Secretary and the Secretary of the 
        appropriate Federal land managing agency to pay for the cost of 
        transportation planning, research, engineering, and 
        construction thereof. The Secretary and the Secretary of the 
        appropriate Federal land managing agency, as appropriate, may 
        enter into construction contracts and such other contracts with 
        a State or civil subdivision thereof or Indian tribe to carry 
        out this subsection.'';
            (3) in the first sentence of subsection (e) by striking 
        ``Secretary of the Interior'' and inserting ``Secretary of the 
        appropriate Federal land managing agency''; and
            (4) in subsection (i) to read as follows:
    ``(i) Transfers to Secretaries of Federal Land Managing Agencies.--
The Secretary shall transfer to the appropriate Federal land managing 
agency from the appropriation for public lands highways such amounts as 
may be needed to cover--
            ``(1) necessary administrative costs of such agency in 
        connection with public lands highways; and
            ``(2) the cost to such agency of conducting necessary 
        transportation planning serving Federal lands if funding for 
        such planning is otherwise not provided in this section.''.
    (e) Access to John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts.--
            (1) Study.--The Secretary, in cooperation with the District 
        of Columbia, the John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing 
        Arts, and the Department of the Interior and in consultation 
        with other interested persons, shall conduct a study of methods 
        to improve pedestrian and vehicular access to the John F. 
        Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts.
            (2) Report.--Not later than September 30, 1999, the 
        Secretary shall transmit to the Committee on Transportation and 
        Infrastructure of the House of Representatives and the 
        Committee on Environment and Public Works of the Senate a 
        report containing the results of the study, together with an 
        assessment of the impacts (including environmental, aesthetic, 
        economic, and historic impacts) associated with the 
        implementation of each of the methods examined under the study.
            (3) Authorization of appropriations.--There is authorized 
        to be appropriated out of the Highway Trust Fund (other than 
        the Mass Transit Account) $500,000 for fiscal year 1998 to 
        carry out this subsection.
            (4) Applicability of title 23, united states code.--Funds 
        authorized by this subsection shall be available for obligation 
        in the same manner as if such funds were apportioned under 
        chapter 1 of title 23, United States Code, except that the 
        Federal share of the cost of activities conducted using such 
        funds shall be 100 percent and such funds shall remain 
        available until expended.
    (f) Smithsonian Institution Transportation Program.--
            (1) In general.--The Secretary shall allocate amounts made 
        available by this subsection for obligation at the discretion 
        of the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, in 
        consultation with the Secretary, to carry out projects and 
        activities described in paragraph (2).
            (2) Eligible uses.--Amounts allocated under paragraph (1) 
        may be obligated only--
                    (A) for transportation-related exhibitions, 
                exhibits, and educational outreach programs;
                    (B) to enhance the care and protection of the 
                Nation's collection of transportation-related 
                artifacts;
                    (C) to acquire historically significant 
                transportation-related artifacts; and
                    (D) to support research programs within the 
                Smithsonian Institution that document the history and 
                evolution of transportation, in cooperation with other 
                museums in the United States.
            (3) Authorization of appropriations.--There are authorized 
        to be appropriated out of the Highway Trust Fund (other than 
        the Mass Transit Account) $5,000,000 for each of fiscal years 
        1998, 1999, and 2000 to carry out this subsection.
            (4) Applicability of title 23.--Funds authorized by this 
        subsection shall be available for obligation in the same manner 
        as if such funds were apportioned under chapter 1 of title 23, 
        United States Code; except that the Federal share of the cost 
        of any project or activity under this subsection shall be 100 
        percent and such funds shall remain available until expended.
    (g) New River Parkway.--Of amounts available under section 
102(a)(11)(C) of this Act, the Secretary shall allocate $1,300,000 for 
fiscal year 1998, $1,200,000 for fiscal year 1999, and $9,900,000 for 
fiscal year 2000 to the Secretary of the Interior for the planning, 
design, and construction of a visitors center, and such other related 
facilities as may be necessary, to facilitate visitor understanding and 
enjoyment of the scenic, historic, cultural, and recreational resources 
accessible by the New River Parkway in the State of West Virginia. The 
center and related facilities shall be located at a site for which 
title is held by the United States in the vicinity of the intersection 
of the New River Parkway and I-64. Such funds shall remain available 
until expended.

SEC. 118. NATIONAL SCENIC BYWAYS PROGRAM.

    (a) In General.--Chapter 1 is amended by adding at the end the 
following:
``Sec. 162. National scenic byways program
    ``(a) Designation of Roads.--The Secretary shall carry out a 
national scenic byways program that recognizes roads having outstanding 
scenic, historic, cultural, natural, recreational, and archaeological 
qualities by designating them as `National Scenic Byways' or `All-
American Roads'. The Secretary shall designate roads to be recognized 
under the national scenic byways program in accordance with criteria 
developed by the Secretary. To be considered for such designation, a 
road must be nominated by a State or Federal land management agency and 
must first be designated as a State scenic byway or, for roads on 
Federal lands, as a Federal land management agency byway.
    ``(b) Allocations and Technical Assistance.--
            ``(1) General authority.--The Secretary shall make 
        allocations and provide technical assistance to States to--
                    ``(A) implement projects on highways designated as 
                National Scenic Byways or All-American Roads, or as 
                State scenic byways; and
                    ``(B) plan, design, and develop a State scenic 
                byways program.
            ``(2) Priority projects.--In making allocations under this 
        subsection, the Secretary shall give priority to--
                    ``(A) eligible projects along highways that are 
                designated as National Scenic Byways or All-American 
                Roads;
                    ``(B) eligible projects on State-designated scenic 
                byways that are undertaken to make them eligible for 
                designation as National Scenic Byways or All-American 
                Roads; and
                    ``(C) eligible projects that will assist the 
                development of State scenic byways programs.
    ``(c) Eligible Projects.--The following are projects that are 
eligible for Federal assistance under this section:
            ``(1) activities related to planning, design, or 
        development of State scenic byway programs;
            ``(2) development of corridor management plans for scenic 
        byways;
            ``(3) safety improvements to a scenic byway to the extent 
        such improvements are necessary to accommodate increased 
        traffic and changes in the types of vehicles using the highway 
        due to such designation;
            ``(4) construction along a scenic byway of facilities for 
        pedestrians and bicyclists, rest areas, turnouts, highway 
        shoulder improvements, passing lanes, overlooks, and 
        interpretive facilities;
            ``(5) improvements to a scenic byway that will enhance 
        access to an area for the purpose of recreation, including 
        water-related recreation;
            ``(6) protection of historical, archaeological, and 
        cultural resources in areas adjacent to scenic byways;
            ``(7) development and provision of tourist information to 
        the public, including interpretive information about scenic 
        byways; and
            ``(8) development and implementation of scenic byways 
        marketing programs.
    ``(d) Federal Share.--The Federal share payable on account of any 
project carried out under this section shall be determined in 
accordance with section 120(b) of this title. For any scenic byways 
project along a public road that provides access to or within Federal 
or Indian lands, a Federal land management agency may use funds 
authorized for its use as the non-Federal share of the costs of the 
project.
    ``(e) Protection of Scenic Integrity.--
            ``(1) Scenic integrity.--The Secretary shall not make an 
        allocation under this section for any project that would not 
        protect the scenic, historic, recreational, cultural, natural, 
        and archaeological integrity of a highway and adjacent areas.
            ``(2) Savings clause.--The Secretary shall not make any 
        grant, provide technical assistance, or impose any requirement 
        on a State under this section that is inconsistent with the 
        authority of the State provided in this chapter.''.
    (b) Conforming Amendment.--The analysis for chapter 1 is amended by 
adding at the end the following new item:

``162. National scenic byways program.''.
    (c) Center.--
            (1) Establishment.--The Secretary shall allocate funds made 
        available to carry out this subsection to establish a center 
        for national scenic byways in Duluth, Minnesota, to provide 
        technical communications and network support for nationally 
        designated scenic byway routes in accordance with paragraph 
        (2).
            (2) Communications systems.--The center for national scenic 
        byways shall develop and implement communications systems for 
        the support of the national scenic byways program. Such 
        communications system shall permit users of scenic byways to 
        access technology which will permit such users to locate scenic 
        byways and identify items of cultural or historic interest and 
        services located along scenic byways.
            (3) Authorization of appropriations.--There is authorized 
        to be appropriated out of the Highway Trust Fund (other than 
        the Mass Transit Account) to carry out this subsection 
        $1,500,000 for each of fiscal years 1998, 1999, and 2000.
            (4) Applicability of title 23.--Funds authorized by this 
        subsection shall be available for obligation in the same manner 
        as if such funds were apportioned under chapter 1 of title 23, 
        United States Code; except that the Federal share of the cost 
        of any project under this subsection shall be 80 percent and 
        such funds shall remain available until expended.

SEC. 119. VARIABLE PRICING PILOT PROGRAM.

    (a) Establishment.--The Secretary shall establish and implement a 
variable pricing program. In implementing such program, the Secretary 
shall solicit the participation of State and local governments and 
public authorities for 1 or more variable pricing pilot programs. The 
Secretary may enter into cooperative agreements with as many as 15 of 
such governments and public authorities to conduct and monitor the 
pilot programs.
    (b) Federal Share Payable.--The Federal share payable for a pilot 
program under this section shall be 80 percent of the aggregate cost of 
the program and the Federal share payable for any portion of a project 
conducted under the program may not exceed 100 percent.
    (c) Implementation Costs.--The Secretary may fund all pre-
implementation costs, including public education and project design, 
and all of the development and startup costs of a pilot project under 
this section, including salaries and expenses, until such time that 
sufficient revenues are being generated by the program to fund its 
operating costs without Federal participation; except that the 
Secretary may not fund the pre-implementation, development, and startup 
costs of a pilot project for more than 3 years.
    (d) Use of Revenues.--Revenues generated by any pilot project under 
this section must be applied to projects eligible for assistance under 
title 23, United States Code.
    (e) Collection of Tolls.--Notwithstanding sections 129 and 301 of 
title 23, United States Code, the Secretary shall allow the use of 
tolls on the Interstate System as part of a pilot program under this 
section, but not as part of more than 3 of such programs.
    (f) Financial Effects on Low Income Drivers.--Any pilot program 
conducted under this section shall include an analysis of the potential 
effects of the pilot program on low income drivers and may include 
mitigation measures to deal with any potential adverse financial 
effects on low income drivers.
    (g) Reports to Congress.--The Secretary shall monitor the effect of 
the pilot programs conducted for a period of at least 10 years and 
shall report to the Committee on Environment and Public Works of the 
Senate and the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of the 
House of Representatives biennially on the effects such programs are 
having on driver behavior, traffic volume, transit ridership, air 
quality, drivers of all income levels, and availability of funds for 
transportation programs.
    (h) HOV Passenger Requirements.--Notwithstanding section 102 of 
title 23, United States Code, a State may permit vehicles with fewer 
than 2 occupants to operate in high-occupancy vehicle lanes if such 
vehicles are part of a pilot program being conducted under this 
section.
    (i) Period of Availability.--Funds allocated by the Secretary under 
this section shall remain available for obligation by the State for a 
period of 3 years after the last day of the fiscal year for which such 
funds are authorized. Any amounts allocated under this section that 
remain unobligated at the end of such period and any amounts authorized 
under subsection (i) that remain unallocated by the end of such period 
shall be transferred to a State's apportionment under section 104(b)(3) 
of title 23, United States Code, and shall be treated in the same 
manner as other funds apportioned under such section.
    (j) Applicability of Title 23.--Funds made available to carry out 
this section shall be available for obligation in the same manner as if 
such funds were apportioned under chapter 1 of title 23, United States 
Code; except that the Federal share of the cost of any project under 
this section and the availability of such funds shall be determined in 
accordance with this section.
    (k) Repeal.--Section 1012(b) of the Intermodal Surface 
Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 (23 U.S.C. 149 note; 105 Stat. 
1938) is repealed.

SEC. 120. TOLL ROADS, BRIDGES, AND TUNNELS.

    (a) Federal Share Payable.--Section 120 is amended by adding at the 
end the following:
    ``(l) Credit for Non-Federal Share.--
            ``(1) Eligibility.--A State may use as a credit toward the 
        non-Federal matching share requirement for any funds made 
        available to carry out this title, other than the emergency 
        relief program authorized in section 125, toll revenues that 
        are generated and used by public, quasi-public, and private 
        agencies to build, improve, or maintain highways, bridges, or 
        tunnels that serve the public purpose of interstate commerce. 
        Such public, quasi-public, or private agencies shall have 
        built, improved, or maintained such facilities without Federal 
        funds.
            ``(2) Maintenance of effort.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The credit for any non-Federal 
                share provided under this subsection shall not reduce 
                nor replace State funds required to match Federal funds 
                for any program under this title.
                    ``(B) Agreements.--In receiving a credit for non-
                Federal capital expenditures under this subsection, a 
                State shall enter into such agreements as the Secretary 
                may require to ensure that the State will maintain its 
                non-Federal transportation capital expenditures at or 
                above the average level of such expenditures for the 
                preceding 3 fiscal years.
            ``(3) Treatment.--
                    ``(A) Limitation on liability.--Use of a credit for 
                a non-Federal share under this subsection that is 
                received from a public, quasi-public, or private 
                agency--
                            ``(i) shall not expose the agency to 
                        additional liability, additional regulation, or 
                        additional administrative oversight; and
                            ``(ii) shall not subject the agency to any 
                        additional Federal design standards, laws, or 
                        regulations as a result of providing the non-
                        Federal match other than those to which the 
                        agency is already subject.
                    ``(B) Chartered multistate agencies.--When a credit 
                that is received from a chartered multistate agency is 
                applied for a non-Federal share under this subsection, 
                such credit shall be applied equally to all charter 
                States.''.
    (b) Interstate System Reconstruction and Rehabilitation Pilot 
Program.--
            (1) Establishment.--The Secretary shall establish and 
        implement an Interstate System reconstruction and 
        rehabilitation pilot program under which the Secretary, 
        notwithstanding sections 129 and 301 of title 23, United States 
        Code, may permit a State to collect tolls on a highway, bridge, 
        or tunnel on the Interstate System for the purpose of 
        reconstructing and rehabilitating Interstate highway corridors 
        that could not otherwise be adequately maintained or 
        functionally improved without the collection of tolls.
            (2) Limitation on number of facilities.--The Secretary may 
        permit the collection of tolls under this subsection on 3 
        facilities on the Interstate System. Each of such facilities 
        shall be located in a different State.
            (3) Eligibility.--In order to be eligible to participate in 
        the pilot program, a State shall submit to the Secretary an 
        application that contains, at a minimum, the following:
                    (A) An identification of the facility on the 
                Interstate System proposed to be a toll facility, 
                including the age, condition, and intensity of use of 
                such facility.
                    (B) In the case of a facility that affects a 
                metropolitan area, an assurance that the metropolitan 
                planning organization established under section 134 of 
                title 23, United States Code, for the area has been 
                consulted concerning the placement and amount of tolls 
                on the facility.
                    (C) An analysis demonstrating that such facility 
                could not be maintained or improved to meet current or 
                future needs from the State's apportionments and 
                allocations made available by this Act (including 
                amendments made by this Act) and from revenues for 
                highways from any other source without toll revenues.
                    (D) A facility management plan that includes--
                            (i) a plan for implementing the imposition 
                        of tolls on the facility;
                            (ii) a schedule and finance plan for the 
                        reconstruction or rehabilitation of the 
                        facility using toll revenues;
                            (iii) a description of the public 
                        transportation agency which will be responsible 
                        for implementation and administration of the 
                        pilot toll reconstruction and rehabilitation 
                        program; and
                            (iv) a description of whether consideration 
                        will be given to privatizing the maintenance 
                        and operational aspects of the converted 
                        facility, while retaining legal and 
                        administrative control of the Interstate route 
                        section.
                    (E) Such other information as the Secretary may 
                require.
            (4) Selection criteria.--The Secretary may approve the 
        application of a State under paragraph (3) only if the 
        Secretary determines the following:
                    (A) The State is unable to reconstruct or 
                rehabilitate the proposed toll facility using existing 
                apportionments.
                    (B) The facility has a sufficient intensity of use, 
                age, or condition to warrant the collection of tolls.
                    (C) The State plan for implementing tolls on the 
                facility takes into account the interests of local, 
                regional, and interstate travelers.
                    (D) The State plan for reconstruction or 
                rehabilitation of the facility using toll revenues is 
                reasonable.
                    (E) The State has given preference to the use of an 
                existing public toll agency with demonstrated 
                capability to build, operate, and maintain a toll 
                expressway system meeting criteria for the Interstate 
                System.
            (5) Limitations on use of revenues; audits.--Before the 
        Secretary may permit a State to participate in the pilot 
        program, the State must enter into an agreement with the 
        Secretary that provides that--
                    (A) all toll revenues received from operation of 
                the toll facility will be used only for debt service, 
                for reasonable return on investment of any private 
                person financing the project, and for any costs 
                necessary for the improvement of and the proper 
                operation and maintenance of the toll facility, 
                including reconstruction, resurfacing, restoration, and 
                rehabilitation of the toll facility; and
                    (B) regular audits will be conducted to ensure 
                compliance with subparagraph (A) and the results of 
                such audits will be transmitted to the Secretary.
            (6) Limitation on use of interstate maintenance funds.--
        During the term of the pilot program, funds apportioned for 
        Interstate maintenance under section 104(b)(5) of title 23, 
        United States Code, may not be used on a facility for which 
        tolls are being collected under the program.
            (7) Program term.--The Secretary shall conduct the pilot 
        program under this section for a term to be determined by the 
        Secretary but not less than 10 years.
            (8) Interstate system defined.--In this subsection, the 
        term ``Interstate System'' has the same meaning such term has 
        under section 101(a) of title 23, United States Code.
    (c) Bridge Reconstruction or Replacement.--Section 129(a)(1)(C) is 
amended by striking ``toll-free bridge or tunnel'' and inserting 
``toll-free major bridge or toll-free tunnel''.

SEC. 121. CONSTRUCTION OF FERRY BOATS AND FERRY TERMINAL FACILITIES.

    Section 1064(c) of the Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency 
Act of 1991 (23 U.S.C. 129 note; 105 Stat. 2005) is amended to read as 
follows:
    ``(c) Obligation of Amounts.--Amounts made available out of the 
Highway Trust Fund (other than the Mass Transit Account) to carry out 
this section may be obligated at the discretion of the Secretary. Such 
sums shall remain available until expended.''.

SEC. 122. HIGHWAY USE TAX EVASION PROJECTS.

    (a) Applicability of Title 23.--Section 1040(f) of the Intermodal 
Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 (23 U.S.C. 101 note; 105 
Stat. 1992) is amended to read as follows:
    ``(f) Applicability of Title 23.--Funds made available out of the 
Highway Trust Fund (other than the Mass Transit Account) to carry out 
this section shall be available for obligation in the same manner and 
to the same extent as if such funds were apportioned under chapter 1 of 
title 23, United States Code; except that the Federal share of the cost 
of any project carried out under this section shall be 100 percent and 
such funds shall remain available for obligation for a period of 1 year 
after the last day of the fiscal year for which the funds are 
authorized.''.
    (b) Automated Fuel Reporting System.--Section 1040 of such Act (23 
U.S.C. 101 note; 105 Stat. 1992) is amended by redesignating subsection 
(g) as subsection (h) and by inserting after subsection (f) the 
following:
    ``(g) Automated Fuel Reporting System.--Of the amounts made 
available to carry out this section for each of fiscal years 1998 
through 2000, not to exceed $5,000,000 per fiscal year may be used to 
establish and operate an automated fuel reporting system.''.
    (c) Technical Amendment.--Section 1040(a) of such Act (23 U.S.C. 
101 note; 105 Stat. 1992) is amended by striking ``by subsection (e)''.

SEC. 123. PERFORMANCE BONUS PROGRAM.

    (a) Study.--The Secretary shall develop performance-based criteria 
for the distribution of not to exceed 5 percent of the funds from each 
of the following programs:
            (1) The Interstate maintenance program under section 119 of 
        title 23, United States Code.
            (2) The bridge program under section 144 of such title.
            (3) The high risk road safety improvement program under 
        section 154 of such title.
            (4) The surface transportation program under section 133 of 
        such title.
            (5) The congestion mitigation and air quality improvement 
        program under section 149 of such title.
    (b) Requirements for Development of Criteria.--Performance-based 
criteria developed by the Secretary under subsection (a) shall assess 
on a statewide basis the following:
            (1) For the Interstate maintenance program, whether 
        pavement conditions on routes on the Interstate System in the 
        State have consistently been of a high quality or have recently 
        improved.
            (2) For the bridge program, whether the percentage of 
        deficient bridges in the State has consistently been low or has 
        recently decreased.
            (3) For the high risk road safety improvement program, 
        whether the level of safety on highways in the State has 
        consistently been high or has recently improved.
            (4) For the surface transportation program, whether the 
        level of financial effort in State funding for highway and 
        transit investments has been high or has recently increased.
            (5) For the congestion mitigation and air quality 
        improvement program, whether the environmental performance of 
        the transportation system has been consistently high or has 
        improved.
    (c) Required Submission.--Not later than 18 months after the date 
of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall transmit to the 
Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of the House of 
Representatives and the Committee on Environment and Public Works of 
the Senate the performance-based criteria developed under subsection 
(a).

SEC. 124. METROPOLITAN PLANNING.

    (a) General Requirements.--Section 134(a) is amended by inserting 
after ``and goods'' the following: ``and foster economic growth and 
development''.
    (b) Goals and Objectives of Planning Process.--Section 134(f) is 
amended to read as follows:
    ``(f) Goals and Objectives of Planning Process.--To the extent that 
the metropolitan planning organization determines appropriate, the 
metropolitan transportation planning process may include consideration 
of goals and objectives that--
            ``(1) support the economic vitality of the metropolitan 
        area, especially by enabling global competitiveness, 
        productivity, and efficiency;
            ``(2) increase the safety and security of the 
        transportation system;
            ``(3) increase the accessibility and mobility for people 
        and freight;
            ``(4) protect and enhance the environment, conserve energy, 
        and enhance quality of life;
            ``(5) enhance the integration and connectivity of the 
        transportation system, across and between modes, for people and 
        freight;
            ``(6) promote efficient system utilization and operation; 
        and
            ``(7) preserve the existing transportation system.''.
    (c) Long Range Plan.--Section 134(g) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (1) by inserting ``transportation'' after 
        ``long range'';
            (2) in paragraph (2) by striking ``, at a minimum'' and 
        inserting ``contain, at a minimum, the following'';
            (3) in paragraph (2)(A)--
                    (A) by striking ``Identify'' and inserting ``An 
                identification of'';
                    (B) by striking ``factors described in'';
                    (C) by striking ``such factors'' and inserting 
                ``subsection (f)''; and
                    (D) by striking ``shall consider'' and inserting 
                ``may consider'';
            (4) by striking paragraph (2)(B) and inserting the 
        following:
                    ``(B) A financial plan that demonstrates how the 
                adopted transportation plan can be implemented, 
                indicates resources from public and private sources 
                that are reasonably expected to be made available to 
                carry out the plan and recommends any additional 
                financing strategies for needed projects and programs. 
                The financial plan may include, for illustrative 
                purposes, additional projects that would be included in 
                the adopted transportation plan if reasonable 
                additional resources beyond those identified in the 
                financial plan were available. For the purpose of 
                developing the transportation plan, the metropolitan 
                planning organization and State shall cooperatively 
                develop estimates of funds that will be available to 
                support plan implementation.'';
            (5) in paragraph (4) by inserting after ``employees,'' the 
        following: ``freight shippers and providers of freight 
        transportation services,''; and
            (6) in paragraph (5) by inserting ``transportation'' before 
        ``plan prepared''.
    (d) Transportation Improvement Program.--Section 134(h) is 
amended--
            (1) in paragraph (1), by striking ``2 years'' and inserting 
        ``3 years''; and
            (2) by adding at the end of paragraph (2)(B) the following: 
        ``The financial plan may include, for illustrative purposes, 
        additional projects that would be included in the adopted 
        transportation plan if reasonable additional resources beyond 
        those identified in the financial plan were available.''.
    (e) Transportation Management Areas.--Section 134(i) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (4) by inserting after ``System'' each 
        place it appears the following: ``, under the high risk road 
        safety program,''; and
            (2) in paragraph (5)--
                    (A) by striking ``(1)'' and inserting ``(A)''; and
                    (B) by striking ``(2)'' and inserting ``(B)''.
    (f) Additional Requirements.--Section 134 is amended by striking 
subsection (l) and redesignating subsections (m) and (n) as subsections 
(l) and (m), respectively.

SEC. 125. STATEWIDE PLANNING.

    (a) Scope of Planning Process.--Section 135(c) is amended to read 
as follows:
    ``(c) Scope of the Planning Process.--To the extent that a State 
determines appropriate, the State may consider goals and objectives in 
the transportation planning process that--
            ``(1) support the economic vitality of the Nation, its 
        States and metropolitan areas, especially by enabling global 
        competitiveness, productivity and efficiency;
            ``(2) increase the safety and security of the 
        transportation system;
            ``(3) increase the accessibility and mobility for people 
        and freight;
            ``(4) protect and enhance the environment, conserve energy, 
        and enhance the quality of life;
            ``(5) enhance the integration and connectivity of the 
        transportation system, across and between modes throughout the 
        State for people and freight;
            ``(6) promote efficient system utilization and operation; 
        and
            ``(7) preserve the existing transportation system.''.
    (b) Additional Considerations.--Section 135(d) is amended--
            (1) in the subsection heading by striking ``Requirements'' 
        and inserting ``Considerations''; and
            (2) by striking ``shall, at a minimum,'' and inserting 
        ``may''.
    (c) Long Range Plan.--Section 135(e) is amended--
            (1) by striking the hyphen each place it appears; and
            (2) by inserting after ``representatives,'' the following: 
        ``freight shippers and providers of freight transportation 
        services,''.
    (d) Transportation Improvement Program.--Section 135(f) is 
amended--
            (1) in paragraph (1) by inserting after 
        ``representatives,'' the following: ``freight shippers and 
        providers of freight transportation services,'';
            (2) in paragraph (2) by inserting before the last sentence 
        the following: ``The program may include, for illustrative 
        purposes, additional projects that would be included in the 
        program if reasonable additional resources were available.''; 
        and
            (3) in paragraph (3) by inserting after ``System'' each 
        place it appears the following: ``, under the high risk road 
        safety program,''.
    (e) Participation of Local Elected Officials.--
            (1) Study.--The Secretary shall conduct a study on the 
        effectiveness of the participation of local elected officials 
        in transportation planning and programming. In conducting the 
        study, the Secretary shall consider the degree of cooperation 
        between State, local rural officials, and regional planning 
        development organizations in different States.
            (2) Report.--Not later than 2 years after the date of the 
        enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall transmit to Congress 
        a report containing the results of the study with any 
        recommendations the Secretary determines appropriate as a 
        result of the study.

SEC. 126. ROADSIDE SAFETY TECHNOLOGIES.

    (a) Crash Cushions.--
            (1) Guidance.--Not later than 1 year after the date of the 
        enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall initiate and issue a 
        guidance regarding the benefits and performance of various 
        types of crash cushions in different road configurations, 
        taking into consideration roadway conditions, posted speed 
        limits, the location of the crash cushion in the right-of-way, 
        and any other relevant factors.
            (2) Use of guidance.--States shall use guidance issued 
        under this subsection in evaluating the feasibility and cost-
        effectiveness of utilizing different crash cushion designs and 
        determining the appropriate crash cushion or other safety 
        appurtenances for installation at specific highway locations.
    (b) Traffic Flow and Safety Applications of Road Barriers.--
            (1) Rulemaking proceedings.--Not later than 1 year after 
        the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall 
        initiate and complete a rulemaking proceeding to determine the 
        appropriate use by States of movable barrier technologies to 
        enhance safety and improve the capacity and geometric design of 
        highways.
            (2) Factors to consider.--In conducting the rulemaking 
        proceeding, the Secretary shall consider, at a minimum, uses of 
        movable barrier technologies related to--
            (1) separating workers from traffic flow when work is in 
        progress;
            (2) providing additional safe work space by utilizing 
        adjacent and available traffic lanes during off-peak hours;
            (3) use of reversible lanes to mitigate congestion caused 
        by construction and to optimize capacity of congested highways 
        by adjusting to directional traffic flow;
            (4) mitigation of congestion during construction by opening 
        all adjacent and available lanes to traffic during peak hour 
        traffic periods;
            (5) permanent use of such technologies to increase the 
        capacity of congested highways, bridges, and tunnels.

SEC. 127. DISCRETIONARY PROGRAM AUTHORIZATIONS.

    (a) Executive Branch Discretionary Programs.--
            (1) Bridge discretionary program.--The amount set aside by 
        the Secretary under section 144(g)(2) of title 23, United 
        States Code, shall be $100,000,000 for each of fiscal years 
        1998, 1999, and 2000.
            (2) High cost interstate system reconstruction and 
        improvement program.--The amount the Secretary shall allocate 
        for the high cost Interstate System reconstruction and 
        improvement program under section 160(c)(2) of title 23, United 
        States Code, shall not be more than $85,000,000 for fiscal year 
        1998, $212,500,000 for fiscal year 1999, and $340,000,000 for 
        fiscal year 2000.
            (3) Additional executive branch discretionary programs.--Of 
        amounts made available by section 102(a)(8) of this Act, the 
        following sums shall be available:
                    (A) Coordinated border infrastructure and safety 
                program.--For the coordinated border infrastructure and 
                safety program under section 116 of this Act 
                $70,000,000 for fiscal year 1998, $100,000,000 for 
                fiscal year 1999, and $100,000,000 for fiscal year 
                2000.
                    (B) National corridor planning and development 
                program.--For the national corridor planning and 
                development program under section 115 of this Act 
                $50,000,000 for fiscal year 1998, $200,000,000 for 
                fiscal year 1999, and $250,000,000 for fiscal year 
                2000.
                    (C) Construction of ferry boats and ferry terminal 
                facilities.--For construction of ferry boats and ferry 
                terminal facilities under section 1064 of the 
                Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 
                1991 (23 U.S.C. 129 note; 105 Stat. 2005) $18,000,000 
                for each of fiscal years 1998, 1999, and 2000.
                    (D) National scenic byways program.--For the 
                national scenic byway program under section 162 of 
                title 23, United States Code, $30,000,000 for each of 
                fiscal years 1998, 1999, and 2000.
                    (E) Variable pricing pilot program.--For the 
                variable pricing pilot program under section 119 of 
                this Act $10,000,000 for fiscal year 1998, and 
                $14,000,000 for each of fiscal years 1999 and 2000.
                    (F) Highway research.--For highway research under 
                sections 307, 308, and 325 of title 23, United States 
                Code, $150,000,000 for fiscal year 1998, $185,000,000 
                for fiscal year 1999, and $195,000,000 for fiscal year 
                2000.
                    (G) Transportation education, professional 
                training, and technology deployment.--For 
                transportation education, professional training, and 
                technology deployment under sections 321, 322, and 326 
                of title 23, United States Code, and section 5505 of 
                title 49, United States Code, $50,000,000 for each of 
                fiscal years 1998 and 1999 and $55,000,000 for fiscal 
                year 2000.
                    (H) Transportation technology innovation and 
                demonstration program.--For Transportation technology 
                innovation and demonstration program under section 632 
                of this Act $40,900,000 for each of fiscal years 1998, 
                1999, and 2000.
                    (I) Intelligence transportation systems programs.--
                For intelligence transportation systems programs under 
                subtitle B of title VI of this Act $175,000,000 for 
                each of fiscal years 1998, 1999, and 2000.
            (3) Transportation assistance for olympic cities.--There is 
        authorized to be appropriated to carry out section 130 of this 
        Act, relating to transportation assistance for Olympic cities, 
        such sums as may be necessary for fiscal years 1998, 1999, and 
        2000.
    (b) Legislative Branch Discretionary Programs.--Of amounts made 
available by section 102(a)(8) of this Act, $1,250,000,000 for fiscal 
year 1998, $1,425,000,000 for fiscal year 1999, and $1,600,000,000 fof 
fiscal year 2000 shall be available for high priority projects.

SEC. 128. WOODROW WILSON MEMORIAL BRIDGE.

    Section 407(a) of the National Highway System Designation Act of 
1995 (109 Stat. 630-631) is amended--
            (1) by redesignating paragraph (2) as paragraph (3);
            (2) by striking ``(a)'' and all that follows through the 
        period at the end of paragraph (1) and inserting the following:
    ``(a) Conveyances.--
            ``(1) Conveyance to states and district of columbia.--
                    ``(A) General authority.--Not later than 60 days 
                after the date of the enactment of this subparagraph, 
                the Secretary shall convey to the State of Virginia, 
                the State of Maryland, and the District of Columbia all 
                right, title, and interest of the United States in and 
                to the Bridge, including such related riparian rights 
                and interests in land underneath the Potomac River as 
                are necessary to carry out the project.
                    ``(B) Acceptance of title.--Except as provided in 
                paragraph (3), upon conveyance by the Secretary, the 
                State of Virginia, the State of Maryland, and the 
                District of Columbia shall accept the right, title, and 
                interest in and to the Bridge.
                    ``(C) Consolidation of jurisdiction.--For the 
                purpose of making the conveyance under this paragraph, 
                the Secretary of the Interior and the head of any other 
                Federal department or agency that has jurisdiction over 
                the land adjacent to the Bridge shall transfer such 
                jurisdiction to the Secretary.
                    ``(D) Funds allocated.--No funds made available for 
                the high cost interstate system reconstruction and 
                improvement program under section 160 of title 23, 
                United States Code, may be allocated for the Bridge 
                before the State of Virginia, the State of Maryland, 
                and the District of Columbia accept right, title, and 
                interest in and to the Bridge under this paragraph.
            ``(2) Conveyance to authority.--After execution of the 
        agreement under subsection (c), the State of Virginia, State of 
        Maryland, and the District of Columbia shall convey to the 
        Authority their respective rights, titles, and interests in and 
        to the Bridge, including such related riparian rights and 
        interests in land underneath the Potomac River as are necessary 
        to carry out the Project. Except as provided in paragraph (3), 
        upon conveyance by the Secretary, the Authority shall accept 
        the right, title, and interest in and to the Bridge and all 
        duties and responsibilities associated with the Bridge.''; and
            (3) in paragraph (3), as redesignated by paragraph (1) of 
        this section, by striking ``conveyance under paragraph (1)'' 
        and inserting ``conveyance under this subsection''.

SEC. 129. TRAINING.

    (a) Training Positions for Welfare Recipients.--Section 140(a) is 
amended by inserting after the third sentence the following: ``In 
implementing such programs, a State may reserve training positions for 
persons who receive welfare assistance from such State.''.
    (b) Types of Training.--Section 140(b) is amended--
            (1) in the first sentence--
                    (A) by inserting ``and technology'' after 
                ``construction''; and
                    (B) by inserting after ``programs'' the following: 
                ``, and to develop and fund summer transportation 
                institutes''; and
            (2) in the last sentence by striking ``may be available'' 
        and inserting ``may be utilized''.

SEC. 130. TRANSPORTATION ASSISTANCE FOR OLYMPIC CITIES.

    (a) Purpose.--The purpose of this section is to provide assistance 
and support to State and local efforts on surface and aviation-related 
transportation issues necessary to obtain the national recognition and 
economic benefits of participation in the International Olympic 
movement by hosting international quadrennial Olympic events in the 
United States.
    (b) Priority for Transportation Projects Related to Olympic 
Events.--Notwithstanding any other provision of law, the Secretary may 
give priority to funding for a transportation project related to an 
Olympic event from funds available to carry out 1 or more of sections 
144(g)(1) and 160 of title 23, United States Code, and sections 5309 
and 5326 of title 49, United States Code, if the project meets the 
extraordinary needs associated with an international quadrennial 
Olympic event and if the project is otherwise eligible for assistance 
under such section.
    (c) Transportation Planning Activities.--The Secretary may 
participate in planning activities of States and metropolitan planning 
organizations and transportation projects related to an international 
quadrennial Olympic event under sections 134 and 135 of title 23, 
United States Code, and in developing intermodal transportation plans 
necessary for such projects in coordination with State and local 
transportation agencies.
    (d) Use of Administrative Expenses.--The Secretary may provide 
assistance from funds deducted under section 104(a) of title 23, United 
States Code, for the development of an Olympics transportation 
management plan in cooperation with an Olympic Organizing Committee 
responsible for hosting, and State and local communities affected by, 
an international quadrennial Olympic event.
    (e) Transportation Projects Related to Olympic Events.--
            (1) General authority.--The Secretary may provide 
        assistance to States and local governments in carrying out 
        transportation projects related to an international quadrennial 
        Olympic event. Such assistance may include planning, capital, 
        and operating assistance.
            (2) Federal share.--The Federal share of the costs of 
        projects assisted under this subsection shall not exceed 80 
        percent.
    (f) Eligible Governments.--A State or local government is eligible 
to receive assistance under this section only if it is hosting a venue 
that is part of an international quadrennial Olympics that is 
officially selected by the International Olympic Committee.
    (g) Airport Development Projects.--
            (1) Airport development defined.--Section 47102(3) of title 
        49, United States Code, is amended by adding at the end the 
        following:
                    ``(H) Developing, in coordination with State and 
                local transportation agencies, intermodal 
                transportation plans necessary for Olympic-related 
                projects at an airport.''.
            (2) Discretionary grants.--Section 47115(d) of title 49, 
        United States Code, is amended--
                    (A) by striking ``and'' at the end of paragraph 
                (5);
                    (B) by striking the period at the end of paragraph 
                (6) and inserting ``; and''; and
                    (C) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(7) the need for the project in order to meet the unique 
        demands of hosting international quadrennial Olympic events.''.

SEC. 131. NATIONAL DEFENSE HIGHWAYS.

    (a) Reconstruction Projects.--If the Secretary determines, after 
consultation with the Secretary of Defense, that a highway, or portion 
of a highway, located outside the United States is important to the 
national defense, the Secretary may carry out a project for the 
reconstruction of such highway or portion of highway.
    (b) Funding.--The Secretary may make available, from funds 
appropriated for expenditure on the National Highway System, not to 
exceed $20,000,000 per fiscal year for each of fiscal years 1998, 1999, 
and 2000 to carry out this section. Such sums shall remain available 
until expended.

SEC. 132. MISCELLANEOUS SURFACE TRANSPORTATION PROGRAMS.

    (a) Infrastructure Awareness Program.--
            (1) In general.--The Secretary is authorized to fund the 
        production of a documentary about infrastructure in cooperation 
        with a not-for-profit national public television station and 
        the National Academy of Engineering which shall demonstrate how 
        public works and infrastructure projects stimulate job growth 
        and the economy and contribute to the general welfare of the 
        nation.
            (2) Funding.--There is authorized to be appropriated out of 
        the Highway Trust Fund (other than the Mass Transit Account) to 
        carry out this section $1,000,000 for each of fiscal years 
        1998, 1999, and 2000. Such funds shall remain available until 
        expended.
            (3) Applicability of title 23.--Funds authorized by this 
        subsection shall be available for obligation in the same manner 
        as if such funds were apportioned under chapter 1 of title 23, 
        United States Code; except that the Federal share of the cost 
        of any project under this subsection and the availability of 
        funds authorized by this subsection shall be determined in 
        accordance with this subsection.
    (b) Study of Parking Facilities Adequacy.--
            (1) Study.--The Secretary shall conduct a study to 
        determine the location and quantity of parking facilities at 
        commercial truck stops and travel plazas and public rest areas 
        that could be used by motor carriers to comply with Federal 
        hours of service rules. The study shall include an inventory of 
        current facilities serving the National Highway System, analyze 
        where shortages exist or are projected to exist, and propose a 
        plan to reduce the shortages. The study shall be carried out in 
        cooperation with research entities representing the motor 
        carrier and travel plaza industry.
            (2) Report.--Not later than January 1, 2001, the Secretary 
        shall transmit to Congress a report on the results of the study 
        with any recommendations the Secretary determines appropriate 
        as a result of the study.
            (3) Funding.--From amounts set aside under section 104(a) 
        of title 23, United States Code, for each of fiscal years 1998, 
        1999, and 2000, the Secretary may use not to exceed $500,000 
        per fiscal year to carry out this section.

SEC. 133. ELIGIBILITY.

    (a) Devils Slide, California.--Notwithstanding any other provision 
of law, the authorization of emergency relief funds by the Federal 
Highway Administration on September 2, 1986, to construct a bypass of 
the Devils Slide, California, failure shall be considered to be for the 
project to bypass the slide failure that is finally selected upon 
completion of the environmental analysis. The Secretary shall not 
expend the funds for the bypass finally selected at a rate faster than 
the rate that the Secretary would have expended the funds for the 
original bypass.
    (b) Ambassador Bridge Access, Michigan.--Notwithstanding section 
129 of title 23, United States Code, or any other provision of law, 
improvements to and construction of access roads, approaches, and 
related facilities (such as signs, lights, and signals) necessary to 
connect the Ambassador Bridge in Detroit, Michigan, to the Interstate 
System shall be eligible for funds apportioned under sections 104(b)(1) 
and 104(b)(3) of such title.
    (c) Cuyahoga River Bridge, Ohio.--Notwithstanding section 149 of 
title 23, United States Code, or any other provision of law, a project 
to construct a new bridge over the Cuyahoga River in Cleveland, Ohio, 
shall be eligible for funds apportioned under section 104(b)(2) of such 
title.
    (d) Northeast Ohio Transportation History Museum.--A museum to be 
established in Northeast Ohio which will be devoted to the history of 
transportation and industry in Northeast Ohio and in the United States, 
and which will be developed in cooperation with the private sector and 
the State of Ohio, shall be eligible for assistance under section 
133(d)(2) of title 23, United States Code.
    (e) Rail Museum in Princeton, West Virginia.--A museum to be 
established in Princeton, West Virginia, which will be devoted to 
railroad history shall be eligible for assistance under section 
133(d)(2) of title 23, United States Code.
    (f) Bus Museum in Hibbing, Minnesota.--A museum to be established 
in Hibbing, Minnesota, which will be devoted to intercity bus history 
shall be eligible for assistance under section 133(d)(2) of title 23, 
United States Code.

SEC. 134. FISCAL, ADMINISTRATIVE, AND OTHER AMENDMENTS.

    (a) Advanced Construction.--Section 115 is amended--
            (1) in subsection (b)--
                    (A) by moving the text of paragraph (1) 2 ems to 
                the left;
                    (B) by striking ``(1) In general.--''
                    (C) by striking paragraphs (2) and (3); and
                    (D) by striking ``(A) prior'' and inserting ``(1) 
                prior''; and
                    (E) by striking ``(B) the project'' and inserting 
                ``(2) the project'';
            (2) by striking subsection (c); and
            (3) by redesignating subsection (d) as subsection (c).
    (b) Availability of Funds.--Section 118 is amended--
            (1) in the subsection heading for subsection (b) by 
        striking ``; Discretionary Projects''; and
            (2) by striking subsection (e) and inserting the following:
    ``(e) Effect of Release of Funds.--Any Federal-aid highway funds 
released by the final payment on a project, or by the modification of 
the project agreement, shall be credited to the same program funding 
category previously apportioned to the State and shall be immediately 
available for expenditure.''.
    (c) Federal Share Payable.--Section 120 is amended in each of 
subsections (a) and (b) by striking ``shall be'' and inserting ``shall 
not exceed''.
    (d) Payments to States for Construction.--Section 121 is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a)--
                    (A) by striking the second sentence; and
                    (B) by striking the last sentence and inserting the 
                following: ``Such payments may also be made for the 
                value of the materials (1) which have been stockpiled 
                in the vicinity of such construction in conformity to 
                plans and specifications for the projects, and (2) 
                which are not in the vicinity of such construction if 
                the Secretary determines that because of required 
                fabrication at an off-site location the material cannot 
                be stockpiled in such vicinity.'';
            (2) by striking subsection (b) and inserting the following:
    ``(b) Project Agreement.--No payment shall be made under this 
chapter except for a project covered by a project agreement. After 
completion of the project in accordance with the project agreement, a 
State shall be entitled to payment out of the appropriate sums 
apportioned or allocated to it of the unpaid balance of the Federal 
share payable on account of such project.'';
            (3) by striking subsections (c) and (d); and
            (4) by redesignating subsection (e) as subsection (c).
    (e) Advances to States.--Section 124 is amended--
            (1) by striking ``(a)'' the first place it appears; and
            (2) by striking subsection (b).
    (f) Diversion.--Section 126, and the item relating to such section 
in the table of sections for chapter 1, are repealed.
    (g) State Highway Department.--Section 302 is amended--
            (1) by adding at the end of subsection (a) the following: 
        ``Compliance with this provision shall have no effect on the 
        eligibility of costs.'';
            (2) by striking ``(a)''; and
            (3) by striking subsection (b).
    (h) Bridge Commissions.--Public Law 87-441, relating to bridge 
commissions created by Congress and Federal approval of membership of 
such commissions, is repealed.
    (i) Other Amendments.--
            (1) Section 1023(h)(1) of Intermodal Surface Transportation 
        Efficiency Act of 1991 (23 U.S.C. 127 note) is amended by 
        striking ``the date on which Federal-aid highway and transit 
        programs are reauthorized after the date of the enactment of 
        the National Highway System Designation Act of 1995'' and 
        inserting ``September 30, 2000''.
            (2) Section 127(a) is amended by inserting before the next 
        to the last sentence the following: ``With respect to the State 
        of Colorado, vehicles designed to carry 2 or more precast 
        concrete panels shall be considered a nondivisible load.''.
            (3) Section 127(a) is amended by adding at the end the 
        following: ``The State of Louisiana may allow, by special 
        permit, the operation of vehicles with a gross vehicle weight 
        of up to 100,000 pounds for the hauling of sugarcane during the 
        harvest season, not to exceed 100 days annually.''.
            (4) Section 127 is amended by adding at the end the 
        following new subsection:
    ``(h) Maine and New Hampshire.--With respect to Interstate Route 95 
in the State of New Hampshire, State laws or regulations in effect on 
January 1, 1987, shall be applicable for purposes of this section. With 
respect to that portion of the Maine Turnpike designated Interstate 
Route 95 and 495, and that portion of Interstate Route 95 from the 
southern terminus of the Maine Turnpike to the New Hampshire State 
line, State laws or regulations in effect on October 1, 1995, shall be 
applicable for purposes of this section.''.
    (j) Specialized Hauling Vehicles.--
            (1) Study.--The Secretary shall conduct a study to examine 
        the impact of the truck weight standards on specialized hauling 
        vehicles.
            (2) Report.--Not later than 2 years after the date of the 
        enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall transmit to Congress 
        a report on the results of the study with any recommendations 
        the Secretary determines appropriate as a result of the study.

SEC. 135. ACCESS OF MOTORCYCLES.

    Section 102 is amended by redesignating subsection (b) as 
subsection (c) and by inserting after subsection (a) the following:
    ``(b) Access of Motorcycles.--No State or political subdivision of 
a State may restrict the access of motorcycles to any highway or 
portion of a highway for which Federal-aid highway funds have been 
utilized for planning, design, construction, or maintenance.''.

SEC. 136. AMENDMENTS TO ISTEA.

    (a) High Priority Corridors.--Section 1105(c) of the Intermodal 
Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 (105 Stat. 2032-2033) is 
amended--
            (1) in paragraph (18)--
                    (A) by striking ``and to include'' and inserting 
                the following:
        ``as follows:
                    ``(A) In Tennessee, Mississippi, Arkansas, and 
                Louisiana, the Corridor shall--
                            ``(i) follow the alignment generally 
                        identified in the Corridor 18 Special Issues 
                        Study Final Report; and
                            ``(ii) run in an East/South direction to 
                        United States Route 61 and cross the 
                        Mississippi River (in the vicinity of Memphis, 
                        Tennessee) to Highway 79, and then follow 
                        Highway 79 south to Wabbaseka, Arkansas, and 
                        then proceed south in the direction of 
                        Monticello, Arkansas, and link up with the 
                        route proposed in the Corridor 18 Special 
                        Issues Study Final Report which would continue 
                        to Haynesville, Louisiana.
                    ``(B) In the Lower Rio Grande Valley, the Corridor 
                shall--
                            ``(i) include United States Route 77 from 
                        the Rio Grande River to Interstate Route 37 at 
                        Corpus Christi, Texas, and then to Victoria, 
                        Texas, via United States Route 77 and United 
                        States Route 281 from the Rio Grande River to 
                        Interstate Route 37 and then to Victoria, 
                        Texas, via United States Route 59; and
                            ``(ii) include'';
            (2) in paragraph (21) by striking ``United States Route 17 
        in the vicinity of Salamanca, New York'' and inserting 
        ``Interstate Route 80''; and
            (3) by inserting after paragraph (29) the following:
            ``(30) Interstate Route 5 in the States of Oregon and 
        Washington.
            ``(31) The Mon-Fayette Expressway and Southern Beltway in 
        Pennsylvania.
            ``(32) The Wisconsin Development Corridor from the Iowa, 
        Illinois, and Wisconsin border near Dubuque, Iowa, to the Upper 
        Mississippi River Basin near Eau Claire, Wisconsin, as follows:
                    ``(A) United States Route 151 from the Iowa border 
                to Fond du Lac via Madison, Wisconsin, then United 
                States Route 41 from Fond du Lac to Marinette via 
                Oshkosh, Appleton, and Green Bay, Wisconsin.
                    ``(B) State Route 29 from Green Bay to I-94 via 
                Wausau, Chippewa Falls, and Eau Claire, Wisconsin.
                    ``(C) United States Route 10 from Appleton to 
                Marshfield, Wisconsin.
            ``(33) The Capital Gateway Corridor following United States 
        Route 50 from I-395 in Washington, D.C., to the intersection of 
        United States Route 50 with Kenilworth Avenue and the 
        Baltimore-Washington Parkway in Maryland.''.
    (b) Other Amendments to ISTEA.--The table contained in section 
1106(a)(2) of the Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 
1991 (105 Stat. 2037-2042) is amended in item 1, relating to Cadiz, 
Ohio--
            (1) by striking ``Cadiz'' the first place it appears and 
        inserting ``Bellaire''; and
            (2) by striking ``Improvements'' and all that follows 
        through ``Rayland, Ohio'' and inserting ``Washington Street 
        project in Bellaire, Ohio''.

SEC. 137. BICYCLE TRANSPORTATION AND PEDESTRIAN WALKWAYS.

    (a) In General.--Section 217 is amended--
            (1) in subsection (b)--
                    (A) by inserting ``pedestrian walkways and'' after 
                ``construction of''; and
                    (B) by striking ``(other than the Interstate 
                System)'';
            (2) in subsection (e) by striking ``, other than a highway 
        access to which is fully controlled,'';
            (3) by striking subsection (g) and inserting the following:
    ``(g) Planning and Design.--Bicyclists and pedestrians shall be 
given due consideration in the comprehensive transportation plans 
developed by each metropolitan planning organization and State in 
accordance with sections 134 and 135, respectively. Bicycle 
transportation facilities and pedestrian walkways shall be considered, 
where appropriate, in conjunction with all new construction and 
reconstruction of transportation facilities, except where bicycle and 
pedestrian use are not permitted. Transportation plans and projects 
shall provide due consideration for safety and contiguous routes.'';
            (4) in subsection (h) by striking ``No motorized vehicles 
        shall'' and inserting ``Motorized vehicles may not''; and
            (5) in subsection (h)(3) by striking ``when State and local 
        regulations permit,''; and
            (6) by striking subsections (i) and (j) and inserting the 
        following:
    ``(i) Definitions.--In this section, the following definitions 
apply:
            ``(1) Bicycle transportation facility.--The term `bicycle 
        transportation facility' means new or improved lanes, paths, or 
        shoulders for use by bicyclists, traffic control devices, 
        shelters, and parking facilities for bicycles.
            ``(2) Pedestrian.--The term `pedestrian' means any person 
        traveling by foot and any mobility impaired person using a 
        wheelchair.
            ``(3) Wheelchair.--The term `wheelchair' means a mobility 
        aid, usable indoors, and designed for and used by individuals 
        with mobility impairments, whether operated manually or 
        powered.''.
    (b) Protection of Nonmotorized Transportation Traffic.--Section 
109(n) is amended to read as follows:
    ``(n) Protection of Nonmotorized Transportation Traffic.--The 
Secretary shall not approve any project or take any regulatory action 
under this title that will result in the severance of an existing major 
route or have significant adverse impact on the safety for nonmotorized 
transportation traffic and light motorcycles, unless such project or 
regulatory action provides for a reasonably alternate route or such a 
route exits.''.
    (c) Highway and Street Design Standards.--
            (1) Study.--Not later than 180 days after the date of the 
        enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall initiate, in 
        conjunction with the American Association of State Highway and 
        Transportation Officials, a study to consider proposals to 
        amend the policies of such association relating to highway and 
        street design standards to accommodate bicyclists and 
        pedestrians.
            (2) Report.--Not later than 2 years after such date of 
        enactment, the Secretary shall transmit to Congress a report on 
        the results of the study with any recommendations on amending 
        the policies referred to in paragraph (1) the Secretary 
        determines appropriate.
    (d) National Bicycle Safety Education Curricula.--
            (1) Development.--The Secretary is authorized to develop a 
        national bicycle safety education curricula that may include 
        courses relating to on-road training.
            (2) Report.--Not later than 12 months after the date of the 
        enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall transmit to Congress 
        a copy of the curricula.
            (3) Funding.--From amounts made available under section 210 
        of this Act, the Secretary may use not to exceed $500,000 for 
        fiscal year 1998 to carry out this subsection.

SEC. 138. HAZARD ELIMINATION PROGRAM.

    Section 152 is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a) by inserting ``, bicyclists,'' after 
        ``motorists''; and
            (2) in subsection (b) by striking ``highway safety 
        improvement project'' and inserting ``safety improvement 
        project described in subsection (a)''.

SEC. 139. SUBSTITUTE PROJECT.

    (a) Approval of Project.--Notwithstanding any other provision of 
law, upon the request of the Mayor of the District of Columbia after 
consultation with appropriate local government officials, the Secretary 
of Transportation may approve substitute highway, bus transit, and 
light rail transit projects, in lieu of construction of the Barney 
Circle Freeway project in the District of Columbia, as identified in 
the latest Interstate Cost Estimate approved by Congress.
    (b) Eligibility for Federal Assistance.--Upon approval of any 
substitute project or projects under subsection (a)--
            (1) the costs of construction of the interstate 
        construction project for which such project or projects are 
        substituted shall not be eligible for funds authorized under 
        section 108(b) of the Federal-Aid Highway Act of 1956; and
            (2) a sum equal to the Federal share of such costs, as 
        included in the latest interstate cost estimate approved by 
        Congress, shall be available to the Secretary to incur 
        obligations under section 103(e)(4) of title 23, United States 
        Code, for such project.
    (c) Limitation on Eligibility.--By September 30, 1999, any 
substitute project approved under subsection (a) (for which the 
Secretary finds that sufficient Federal funds are available) must be 
under contract for construction or construction must have commenced. If 
any such substitute project is not under contract for construction or 
construction has not commenced by such date, then immediately after 
such date, the Secretary shall withdraw approval of such project and no 
funds shall be appropriated under the authority of section 103(e)(4) of 
title 23, United States Code, for such project.
    (d) Administrative Provisions.--
            (1) Status of substitute project.--A substitute project 
        approved under subsection (a) shall be deemed to be a 
        substitute project for purposes of section 103(e)(4) of title 
        23, United States Code (other than subparagraphs (C) and (O)).
            (2) Reduction of unobligated interstate apportionment.--
        Unobligated apportionments for the Interstate System in the 
        District of Columbia shall, on the date of approval of a 
        substitute project under subsection (a), be reduced in the 
        proportion that the Federal share of the costs of the 
        construction of the interstate construction project for which 
        such project is substituted bears to the Federal share of the 
        total cost of all interstate routes in the District of Columbia 
        as reflected in the latest cost estimate approved by Congress.
            (3) Administration through fhwa.--The Secretary shall 
        administer this section through the Federal Highway 
        Administration.

SEC. 140. PROJECT ADMINISTRATION.

    (a) Life Cycle Cost Analysis.--Section 106(e) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (1) by striking ``with a cost of 
        $25,000,000 or more'';
            (2) by adding at the end of paragraph (1) the following: 
        ``The program shall be based on the principles contained in 
        section 2 of Executive Order 12893.''; and
            (3) in paragraph (2) by inserting after ``maintenance,'' 
        the following: ``user costs,''.
    (b) Evaluation of Procurement Practices and Project Delivery.--
            (1) Study.--The Comptroller General shall conduct a study 
        to assess the impact that a utility company's failure to 
        relocate their facilities in a timely manner has on the 
        delivery and cost of Federal-aid highway and bridge projects. 
        The study shall also assess the following:
                    (A) Methods States use to mitigate such delays, 
                including the use of the courts to compel utility 
                cooperation.
                    (B) The prevalence and use of incentives to utility 
                companies for early completion of utility relocations 
                on Federal-aid transportation project sites and, 
                conversely, penalties assessed on utility companies for 
                utility relocation delays on such projects.
                    (C) The extent to which States have used available 
                technologies, such as subsurface utility engineering, 
                early in the design of Federal-aid highway and bridge 
                projects so as to eliminate or reduce the need for or 
                delays due to utility relocations.
                    (D) Whether individual States compensate 
                transportation contractors for business costs they 
                incur when Federal-aid highway and bridge projects 
                under contract to them are delayed by utility company 
                caused delays in utility relocations and any methods 
                used by States in making any such compensation.
            (2) Report.--Not later than 1 year after the date of the 
        enactment of this Act, the Comptroller General shall transmit 
        to Congress a report on the results of the study with any 
        recommendations the Comptroller General determines appropriate 
        as a result of the study.

SEC. 141. DEFINITIONS.

    Section 101(a) is amended to read as follows:
    ``(a) Definitions.--The following definitions apply:
            ``(1) Apportionment.--The term `apportionment' includes 
        unexpended apportionments made under prior authorization laws.
            ``(2) Carpool project.--The term `carpool project' means 
        any project to encourage the use of carpools and vanpools, 
        including provision of carpooling opportunities to the elderly 
        and handicapped, systems for locating potential riders and 
        informing them of carpool opportunities, acquiring vehicles for 
        carpool use, designating existing highway lanes as preferential 
        carpool highway lanes, providing related traffic control 
        devices, and designating existing facilities for use for 
        preferential parking for carpools.
            ``(3) Construction.--The term `construction' means the 
        supervising, inspecting, actual building, and all expenses 
        incidental to the construction or reconstruction of a highway, 
        including bond costs and other costs relating to the issuance 
        in accordance with section 122 of bonds or other debt financing 
        instruments and costs incurred by the State in performing 
        Federal-aid project related audits which directly benefit the 
        Federal-aid highway program. Such term includes--
                    ``(A) locating, surveying, and mapping (including 
                the establishment of temporary and permanent geodetic 
                markers in accordance with specifications of the 
                National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration in the 
                Department of Commerce);
                    ``(B) resurfacing, restoration, and rehabilitation;
                    ``(C) acquisition of rights-of-way;
                    ``(D) relocation assistance, acquisition of 
                replacement housing sites, and acquisition and 
                rehabilitation, relocation, and construction of 
                replacement housing;
                    ``(E) elimination of hazards of railway grade 
                crossings;
                    ``(F) elimination of roadside obstacles;
                    ``(G) improvements which directly facilitate and 
                control traffic flow, such as grade separation of 
                intersections, widening of lanes, channelization of 
                traffic, traffic control systems, and passenger loading 
                and unloading areas; and
                    ``(H) capital improvements which directly 
                facilitate an effective vehicle weight enforcement 
                program, such as scales (fixed and portable), scale 
                pits, scale installation, and scale houses.
            ``(4) County.--The term `county' includes corresponding 
        units of government under any other name in States which do not 
        have county organizations and, in those States in which the 
        county government does not have jurisdiction over highways, any 
        local government unit vested with jurisdiction over local 
        highways.
            ``(5) Federal-aid highways.--The term `Federal-aid 
        highways' means highways eligible for assistance under this 
        chapter other than highways classified as local roads or rural 
        minor collectors.
            ``(6) Federal-aid system.--The term `Federal-aid system' 
        means any one of the Federal-aid highway systems described in 
        section 103.
            ``(7) Federal lands highways.--The term `Federal lands 
        highways' means forest highways, public lands highways, park 
        roads, parkways, and Indian reservation roads which are public 
        roads.
            ``(8) Forest development roads and trails.--The term 
        `forest development roads and trails' means a forest road or 
        trail under the jurisdiction of the Forest Service.
            ``(9) Forest highway.--The term `forest highway' means a 
        forest road under the jurisdiction of, and maintained by, a 
        public authority and open to public travel.
            ``(10) Forest road or trail.--The term `forest road or 
        trail' means a road or trail wholly or partly within, or 
        adjacent to, and serving the National Forest System and which 
        is necessary for the protection, administration, and 
        utilization of the National Forest System and the use and 
        development of its resources.
            ``(11) Highway.--The term `highway' includes roads, 
        streets, and parkways, and also includes rights-of-way, 
        bridges, railroad-highway crossings, tunnels, drainage 
        structures, signs, guardrails, and protective structures, in 
        connection with highways. It further includes that portion of 
        any interstate or international bridge or tunnel and the 
        approaches thereto, the cost of which is assumed by a State 
        highway department, including such facilities as may be 
        required by the United States Customs and Immigration Services 
        in connection with the operation of an international bridge or 
        tunnel.
            ``(12) Highway safety improvement project.--The term 
        `highway safety improvement project' means a project which 
        corrects or improves high hazard locations, eliminates roadside 
        obstacles, improves highway signing and pavement marking, 
        installs priority control systems for emergency vehicles at 
        signalized intersections, installs or replaces emergency 
        motorist aid call boxes, or installs traffic control or warning 
        devices at high accident potential locations.
            ``(13) Indian reservation roads.--The term `Indian 
        reservation roads' means public roads that are located within 
        or provide access to an Indian reservation or Indian trust land 
        or restricted Indian land which is not subject to fee title 
        alienation without the approval of the Federal Government, or 
        Indian and Alaska Native villages, groups, or communities in 
        which Indians and Alaskan Natives reside, whom the Secretary of 
        the Interior has determined are eligible for services generally 
        available to Indians under Federal laws specifically applicable 
        to Indians.
            ``(14) Interstate System.--The term `Interstate System' 
        means the Dwight D. Eisenhower National System of Interstate 
        and Defense Highways described in section 103(e).
            ``(15) Maintenance.--The term `maintenance' means the 
        preservation of the entire highway, including surface, 
        shoulders, roadsides, structures, and such traffic-control 
        devices as are necessary for its safe and efficient 
        utilization.
            ``(16) National highway system.--The term `National Highway 
        System' means the Federal-aid highway system described in 
        section 103(b).
            ``(17) Operating costs for traffic monitoring, management, 
        and control.--The term `operating costs for traffic monitoring, 
        management, and control' includes labor costs, administrative 
        costs, costs of utilities and rent, and other costs associated 
        with the continuous operation of traffic control, such as 
        integrated traffic control systems, incident management 
        programs, and traffic control centers.
            ``(18) Operational improvement.--The term `operational 
        improvement' means a capital improvement for installation of 
        traffic surveillance and control equipment, computerized signal 
        systems, motorist information systems, integrated traffic 
        control systems, incident management programs, and 
        transportation demand management facilities, strategies, and 
        programs and such other capital improvements to public roads as 
        the Secretary may designate, by regulation; except that such 
        term does not include resurfacing, restoring, or rehabilitating 
        improvements, construction of additional lanes, interchanges, 
        and grade separations, and construction of a new facility on a 
        new location.
            ``(19) Park road.--The term `park road' means a public 
        road, including a bridge built primarily for pedestrian use, 
        but with capacity for use by emergency vehicles, that is 
        located within, or provides access to, an area in the National 
        Park System with title and maintenance responsibilities vested 
        in the United States.
            ``(20) Parkway.--The term `parkway', as used in chapter 2 
        of this title, means a parkway authorized by Act of Congress on 
        lands to which title is vested in the United States.
            ``(21) Project.--The term `project' means an undertaking to 
        construct a particular portion of a highway, or if the context 
        so implies, the particular portion of a highway so constructed 
        or any other undertaking eligible for assistance under this 
        title.
            ``(22) Project agreement.--The term `project agreement' 
        means the formal instrument to be executed by the State highway 
        department and the Secretary as required by section 110(a).
            ``(23) Public authority.--The term `public authority' means 
        a Federal, State, county, town, or township, Indian tribe, 
        municipal or other local government or instrumentality with 
        authority to finance, build, operate, or maintain toll or toll-
        free facilities.
            ``(24) Public lands development roads and trails.--The term 
        `public lands development roads and trails' means those roads 
        or trails which the Secretary of the Interior determines are of 
        primary importance for the development, protection, 
        administration, and utilization of public lands and resources 
        under his control.
            ``(25) Public lands highway.--The term `public lands 
        highway' means any highway through unappropriated or unreserved 
        public lands, nontaxable Indian lands, or other Federal 
        reservations under the jurisdiction of and maintained by a 
        public authority and open to public travel.
            ``(26) Public road.--The term `public road' means any road 
        or street under the jurisdiction of and maintained by a public 
        authority and open to public travel.
            ``(27) Rural areas.--The term `rural areas' means all areas 
        of a State not included in urban areas.
            ``(28) Secretary.--The term `Secretary' means Secretary of 
        Transportation.
            ``(29) State.--The term `State' means any one of the fifty 
        States, the District of Columbia, or Puerto Rico.
            ``(30) State funds.--The term `State funds' includes funds 
        raised under the authority of the State or any political or 
        other subdivision thereof, and made available for expenditure 
        under the direct control of the State highway department.
            ``(31) State highway department.--The term `State highway 
        department' means that department, commission, board, or 
        official of any State charged by its laws with the 
        responsibility for highway construction.
            ``(32) Transportation enhancement activities.--The term 
        `transportation enhancement activities' means, with respect to 
        any project or the area to be served by the project, any of the 
        following activities if such activity has a direct link to 
        surface transportation: provision of facilities for pedestrians 
        and bicycles, provision of safety and educational activities 
        for pedestrians and bicyclists, acquisition of scenic easements 
        and scenic or historic sites, scenic or historic highway 
        programs, landscaping and other scenic beautification, 
        including removal of graffiti and litter to the extent that 
        such removal is in excess of fiscal year 1997 maintenance 
        levels for removal of graffiti and litter, historic 
        preservation, rehabilitation and operation of historic 
        transportation buildings, structures, or facilities (including 
        historic railroad facilities and canals), preservation of 
        abandoned railway corridors (including the conversion and use 
        thereof for pedestrian or bicycle trails), control and removal 
        of outdoor advertising, archaeological planning and research, 
        mitigation of water pollution due to highway runoff, and 
        provision of tourist and welcome centers and the provision of 
        information at such centers.
            ``(33) Urban area.--The term `urban area' means an 
        urbanized area or, in the case of an urbanized area 
        encompassing more than one State, that part of the urbanized 
        area in each such State, or urban place as designated by the 
        Bureau of the Census having a population of 5,000 or more and 
        not within any urbanized area, within boundaries to be fixed by 
        responsible State and local officials in cooperation with each 
        other, subject to approval by the Secretary. Such boundaries 
        shall, as a minimum, encompass the entire urban place 
        designated by the Bureau of the Census, except in the case of 
        cities in the State of Maine and in the State of New Hampshire.
            ``(34) Urbanized area.--The term `urbanized area' means an 
        area with a population of 50,000 or more designated by the 
        Bureau of the Census, within boundaries to be fixed by 
        responsible State and local officials in cooperation with each 
        other, subject to approval by the Secretary. Boundaries shall, 
        at a minimum, encompass the entire urbanized area within a 
        State as designated by the Bureau of the Census.''.

                        TITLE II--HIGHWAY SAFETY

SEC. 201. AMENDMENTS TO TITLE 23, UNITED STATES CODE.

    Except as otherwise specifically provided, whenever in this title 
an amendment or repeal is expressed in terms of an amendment to, or 
repeal of, a section or other provision of law, the reference shall be 
considered to be made to a section or other provision of title 23, 
United States Code.

SEC. 202. HIGHWAY SAFETY PROGRAMS.

    (a) Uniform Guidelines.--Section 402(a) is amended--
            (1) in the fourth sentence by striking ``(4)'' and 
        inserting ``(4) to prevent accidents and''; and
            (2) in the eighth sentence by striking ``include 
        information obtained by the Secretary under section 4007 of the 
        Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 and''.
    (b) Administration of State Programs.--Section 402(b) is amended--
            (1) by striking ``(b)(1)'' and all that follows through 
        paragraph (2) and inserting the following:
    ``(b) Administration of State Programs.--'';
            (2) by redesignating paragraph (3), (4), and (5) as 
        paragraphs (1), (2), and (3), respectively;
            (3) in paragraph (1)(C), as so redesignated, by striking 
        ``paragraph (5)'' and inserting ``paragraph (3)''; and
            (4) in paragraph (2), as so redesignated, by striking 
        ``paragraph (3)(C)'' and inserting ``paragraph (1)(C)''.
    (c) Apportionment of Funds.--The 6th sentence of section 402(c) is 
amended by inserting ``the apportionment to the Secretary of the 
Interior shall not be less than three-fourths of 1 percent of the total 
apportionment and'' after ``except that''.
    (d) Application in Indian Country.--Section 402(i) is amended to 
read as follows:
    ``(i) Application in Indian Country.--
            ``(1) In general.--For the purpose of application of this 
        section in Indian country, the terms `State' and `Governor of a 
        State' include the Secretary of the Interior and the term 
        `political subdivision of a State' includes an Indian tribe. 
        Notwithstanding subsection (b)(1)(C), 95 percent of the funds 
        apportioned to the Secretary of the Interior under this section 
        shall be expended by Indian tribes to carry out highway safety 
        programs within their jurisdictions. The requirements of 
        subsection (b)(1)(D) shall be applicable to Indian tribes, 
        except to those tribes with respect to which the Secretary of 
        Transportation determines that application of such provisions 
        would not be practicable.
            ``(2) Indian country defined.--In this subsection, the term 
        `Indian country' means--
                    ``(A) all land within the limits of any Indian 
                reservation under the jurisdiction of the United 
                States, notwithstanding the issuance of any patent, and 
                including rights-of-way running through the 
                reservation;
                    ``(B) all dependent Indian communities within the 
                borders of the United States, whether within the 
                original or subsequently acquired territory thereof and 
                whether within or without the limits of a State; and
                    ``(C) all Indian allotments, the Indian titles to 
                which have not been extinguished, including rights-of-
                way running through such allotments.''.
    (e) Rulemaking Proceeding.--Section 402(j) is amended to read as 
follows:
    ``(j) Rulemaking Proceeding.--The Secretary may from time to time 
conduct a rulemaking process to identify highway safety programs that 
are highly effective in reducing motor vehicle crashes, injuries, and 
deaths. Any such rulemaking shall take into account the major role of 
the States in implementing such programs. When a rule promulgated in 
accordance with this section takes effect, States shall consider these 
highly effective programs when developing their highway safety 
programs.''.

SEC. 203. HIGHWAY SAFETY RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT.

    Section 403(a)(2)(A) is amended by inserting ``, including training 
in work zone safety management'' after ``personnel''.

SEC. 204. SAFETY INCENTIVE GRANTS.

    (a) In General.--Section 405 is amended to read as follows:
``Sec. 405. Occupant protection incentive grants
    ``(a) General Authority.--
            ``(1) Authority to make grants.--Subject to the provisions 
        of this section, the Secretary shall make grants under 
        subsections (b) and (c) to States that adopt and implement 
        effective programs to reduce highway deaths and injuries 
        resulting from individuals riding unrestrained or improperly 
        restrained in motor vehicles. Such grants may be used by 
        recipient States only to implement and enforce, as appropriate, 
        such programs.
            ``(2) Maintenance of effort.--No grant may be made to a 
        State under subsection (b) or (c) in any fiscal year unless the 
        State enters into such agreements with the Secretary as the 
        Secretary may require to ensure that the State will maintain 
        its aggregate expenditures from all other sources for programs 
        described in paragraph (1) at or above the average level of 
        such expenditures in its 2 fiscal years preceding the Building 
        Efficient Surface Transportation and Equity Act of 1997.
            ``(3) Maximum period of eligibility; federal share for 
        grants.--No State may receive grants under subsection (b) or 
        (c) in more than 3 fiscal years beginning after September 30, 
        1997. The Federal share payable for any grant under this 
        section shall not exceed--
            ``(A) in the first and second fiscal years in which the 
        State receives the grant, 75 percent of the cost of 
        implementing and enforcing, as appropriate, in such fiscal year 
        a program adopted by the State; and
            ``(B) in the third fiscal year in which the State receives 
        the grant, 50 percent of the cost of implementing and 
        enforcing, as appropriate, in such fiscal year such program.
    ``(b) Grant a.--A State may establish its eligibility for a grant 
under this subsection by adopting or demonstrating to the satisfaction 
of the Secretary at least 4 of the following:
            ``(1) Safety belt use law for all front seat passengers.--
        The State has in effect a safety belt use law that makes 
        unlawful throughout the State the operation of a passenger 
        motor vehicle whenever an individual in the front seat of the 
        vehicle (other than a child who is secured in a child restraint 
        system) does not have a safety belt properly secured about the 
        individual's body.
            ``(2) Primary safety belt use law or penalty points.--The 
        State provides for primary enforcement of its safety belt use 
        law or provides for the imposition of penalty points against an 
        individual's driver's license for a violation of its safety 
        belt use law.
            ``(3) Child passenger protection law.--The State has in 
        effect a child passenger protection law that makes unlawful 
        throughout the State the operation of a passenger motor vehicle 
        whenever a child up to 4 years of age in the vehicle is not 
        properly secured in a child safety seat.
            ``(4) Special traffic enforcement program.--The State has 
        implemented a statewide special traffic enforcement program for 
        occupant protection that emphasizes publicity for the program.
            ``(5) Child occupant protection education program.--The 
        State has implemented a statewide comprehensive child occupant 
        protection education program that includes education about 
        proper seating positions for children in air bag equipped motor 
        vehicles and instruction on how to reduce the improper use of 
        child restraints systems.
    ``(c) Grant b.--A State may establish its eligibility for a grant 
under this subsection by adopting or demonstrating to the satisfaction 
of the Secretary each of the following:
            ``(1) State safety belt use rate.--The State demonstrates a 
        statewide safety belt use rate in both front outboard seating 
        positions in all passenger motor vehicles of 80 percent or 
        higher in each of the years a grant under this subparagraph is 
        received.
            ``(2) Survey method.--The State follows safety belt use 
        survey methods which conform to guidelines issued by the 
        Secretary ensuring that such measurements are accurate and 
        representative.
    ``(d) Grant amounts.--The amount of each grant for which a State 
qualifies under subsection (b) or (c) for a fiscal year shall equal up 
to 30 percent of the amount apportioned to the State for fiscal year 
1997 under section 402 of this title.
    ``(e) Definitions.--In this subsection, the following definitions 
apply:
             ``(1) Child safety seat.--The term `child safety seat' 
        means any device (except safety belts) designed for use in a 
        motor vehicle to restrain, seat, or position a child who weighs 
        50 pounds or less.
             ``(2) Motor vehicle.--The term `motor vehicle' means a 
        vehicle driven or drawn by mechanical power and manufactured 
        primarily for use on public streets, roads, and highways, but 
        does not include a vehicle operated only on a rail line.
             ``(3) Multipurpose passenger vehicle.--The term 
        `multipurpose passenger vehicle' means a motor vehicle with 
        motive power (except a trailer), designed to carry not more 
        than 10 individuals, that is constructed either on a truck 
        chassis or with special features for occasional off-road 
        operation.
             ``(4) Passenger car.--The term `passenger car' means a 
        motor vehicle with motive power (except a multipurpose 
        passenger vehicle, motorcycle, or trailer) designed to carry 
        not more than 10 individuals.
            ``(5) Passenger motor vehicle.--The term `passenger motor 
        vehicle' means a passenger car or a multipurpose passenger 
        motor vehicle.
            ``(6) Safety belt.--The term `safety belt' means--
                    ``(A) with respect to open-body passenger vehicles, 
                including convertibles, an occupant restraint system 
                consisting of a lap belt or a lap belt and a detachable 
                shoulder belt; and
                    ``(B) with respect to other passenger vehicles, an 
                occupant restraint system consisting of integrated lap 
                and shoulder belts.
    ``(f) Administrative Expenses.--Funds authorized to be appropriated 
to carry out this section shall be subject to a deduction not to exceed 
5 percent for the necessary costs of administering the provisions of 
this section.
    ``(g) Applicability of Chapter 1.--
            ``(1) In general.--Except as otherwise provided in this 
        subsection, all provisions of chapter 1 of this title that are 
        applicable to National Highway System funds, other than 
        provisions relating to the apportionment formula and provisions 
        limiting the expenditure of such funds to Federal-aid highways, 
        shall apply to the funds authorized to be appropriated to carry 
        out this section.
            ``(2) Inconsistent provisions.--If the Secretary determines 
        that a provision of chapter 1 of this title is inconsistent 
        with this section, such provision shall not apply to funds 
        authorized to be appropriated to carry out this section.
            ``(3) Credit for state and local expenditures.--The 
        aggregate of all expenditures made during any fiscal year by a 
        State and its political subdivisions (exclusive of Federal 
        funds) for carrying out the State highway safety program under 
        section 402 (other than planning and administration) shall be 
        available for the purpose of crediting such State during such 
        fiscal year for the non-Federal share of the cost of any 
        project under this section (other than one for planning or 
        administration) without regard to whether such expenditures 
        were actually made in connection with such project.
            ``(4) Increased federal share for certain indian tribe 
        programs.--In the case of an occupant protection program 
        carried out by an Indian tribe, if the Secretary is satisfied 
        that an Indian tribe does not have sufficient funds available 
        to meet the non-Federal share of the cost of such program, the 
        Secretary may increase the Federal share of the cost thereof 
        payable under this title to the extent necessary.
            ``(5) Treatment of term `state highway department'.--In 
        applying provisions of chapter 1 in carrying out this section, 
        the term `State highway department' as used in such provisions 
        shall mean the Governor of a State and, in the case of an 
        Indian tribe program, the Secretary of the Interior.''.
    (b) Conforming Amendment.--The table of sections for such chapter 
is amended by inserting after the item relating to section 404 the 
following:

``405. Occupant protection incentive grants.''.

SEC. 205. STATE HIGHWAY SAFETY DATA IMPROVEMENTS.

    (a) In General.--Section 406 is amended to read as follows:
``Sec. 406. State highway safety data improvements
    ``(a) General Authority.--Subject to the provisions of this 
section, the Secretary shall make grants to States that adopt and 
implement effective programs to--
            ``(1) improve the timeliness, accuracy, completeness, 
        uniformity, and accessibility of the State's data needed to 
        identify priorities for State and local highway and traffic 
        safety programs;
            ``(2) evaluate the effectiveness of efforts to make such 
        improvements; and
            ``(3) link these State data systems, including traffic 
        records, together and with other data systems within the State, 
        such as systems that contain medical and economic data.
Such grants may be used by recipient States only to implement such 
programs.
    ``(b) Maintenance of Effort.--No grant may be made to a State under 
this section in any fiscal year unless the State enters into such 
agreements with the Secretary as the Secretary may require to ensure 
that the State will maintain its aggregate expenditures from all other 
sources for highway safety data programs at or above the average level 
of such expenditures in its 2 fiscal years preceding the date of the 
enactment of the Building Efficient Surface Transportation and Equity 
Act of 1997.
    ``(c) Maximum Period of Eligibility; Federal Share for Grants.--No 
State may receive grants under this section in more than 3 fiscal years 
beginning after September 30, 1997. The Federal share payable for any 
grant under this section shall not exceed--
            ``(1) in the first and second fiscal years in which the 
        State receives the grant, 75 percent of the cost of 
        implementing and enforcing, as appropriate, in such fiscal year 
        a program adopted by the State;
            ``(2) in the third fiscal year in which the State receives 
        the grant, 50 percent of the cost of implementing and 
        enforcing, as appropriate, in such fiscal year such program.
    ``(d) First-Year Grants.--
            ``(1) Eligibility.--A State shall be eligible for a first-
        year grant under this section in a fiscal year if the State 
        either--
                    ``(A) demonstrates, to the satisfaction of the 
                Secretary, that the State has--
                            ``(i) established a highway safety data and 
                        traffic records coordinating committee with a 
                        multidisciplinary membership, including the 
                        administrators, collectors, and users of such 
                        data (including the public health, injury 
                        control, and motor carrier communities);
                            ``(ii) completed, within the preceding 5 
                        years, a highway safety data and traffic 
                        records assessment or an audit of the State's 
                        highway safety data and traffic records system; 
                        and
                            ``(iii) initiated the development of a 
                        multiyear highway safety data and traffic 
                        records strategic plan, to be approved by the 
                        State's highway safety data and traffic records 
                        coordinating committee, that identifies and 
                        prioritizes the State's highway safety data and 
                        traffic records needs and goals, and that 
                        identifies performance-based measures by which 
                        progress toward those goals will be determined; 
                        or
                    ``(B) provides, to the satisfaction of the 
                Secretary--
                            ``(i) a certification that the State has 
                        met the requirements of clauses (i) and (ii) of 
                        subparagraph (A);
                            ``(ii) a multiyear plan that--
                                    ``(I) identifies and prioritizes 
                                the State's highway safety data and 
                                traffic records needs and goals;
                                    ``(II) specifies how the State's 
                                incentive funds for the fiscal year 
                                will be used to address those needs and 
                                goals; and
                                    ``(III) identifies performance-
                                based measures by which progress toward 
                                those goals will be determined; and
                            ``(iii) a certification that the State's 
                        highway safety data and traffic records 
                        coordinating committee continues to operate and 
                        supports the multiyear plan described in clause 
                        (ii).
            ``(2) Grant amounts.--The amount of a first-year grant made 
        to a State for a fiscal year under this subsection shall 
        equal--
                    ``(A) if the State is eligible for the grant under 
                paragraph (1)(A), $125,000, subject to the availability 
                of appropriations; and
                    ``(B) if the State is eligible for the grant under 
                paragraph (1)(B), an amount determined by multiplying--
                            ``(i) the amount appropriated to carry out 
                        this section for such fiscal year; by
                            ``(ii) the ratio that the funds apportioned 
                        to the State under section 402 for fiscal year 
                        1997 bears to the funds apportioned to all 
                        States under section 402 for fiscal year 1997;
                except that no State shall receive less than $225,000, 
                subject to the availability of appropriations.
    ``(e) Succeeding Year Grants.--
            ``(1) Eligibility.--A State shall be eligible for a grant 
        under this subsection in any fiscal year succeeding the first 
        fiscal year in which the State receives a grant under 
        subsection (d) if the State, to the satisfaction of the 
        Secretary--
                    ``(A) submits or updates a multiyear plan described 
                in paragraph (1)(B)(ii);
                    ``(B) certifies that the highway safety data and 
                traffic records coordinating committee of the State 
                continues to operate and supports the multiyear plan; 
                and
                    ``(C) reports annually on the State's progress in 
                implementing the multiyear plan.
            ``(2) Grant amounts.--The amount of a succeeding year grant 
        made to the State for a fiscal year under this paragraph shall 
        equal the amount determined by multiplying--
                    ``(A) the amount appropriated to carry out this 
                section for such fiscal year; by
                    ``(B) the ratio that the funds apportioned to the 
                State under section 402 for fiscal year 1997 bears to 
                the funds apportioned to all States under section 402 
                for fiscal year 1997;
        except that no State shall receive less than $225,000, subject 
        to the availability of appropriations.
    ``(f) Administrative Expenses.--Funds authorized to be appropriated 
to carry out this section shall be subject to a deduction not to exceed 
5 percent for the necessary costs of administering the provisions of 
this section.
    ``(g) Applicability of Chapter 1.--
            ``(1) In general.--Except as otherwise provided in this 
        subsection, all provisions of chapter 1 of this title that are 
        applicable to National Highway System funds, other than 
        provisions relating to the apportionment formula and provisions 
        limiting the expenditure of such funds to Federal-aid highways, 
        shall apply to the funds authorized to be appropriated to carry 
        out this section.
            ``(2) Inconsistent provisions.--If the Secretary determines 
        that a provision of chapter 1 of this title is inconsistent 
        with this section, such provision shall not apply to funds 
        authorized to be appropriated to carry out this section.
            ``(3) Credit for state and local expenditures.--The 
        aggregate of all expenditures made during any fiscal year by a 
        State and its political subdivisions (exclusive of Federal 
        funds) for carrying out the State highway safety program under 
        section 402 (other than planning and administration) shall be 
        available for the purpose of crediting such State during such 
        fiscal year for the non-Federal share of the cost of any 
        project under this section (other than one for planning or 
        administration) without regard to whether such expenditures 
        were actually made in connection with such project.
            ``(4) Increased federal share for certain indian tribe 
        programs.--In the case of a highway safety data improvements 
        program carried out by an Indian tribe, if the Secretary is 
        satisfied that an Indian tribe does not have sufficient funds 
        available to meet the non-Federal share of the cost of such 
        program, the Secretary may increase the Federal share of the 
        cost thereof payable under this title to the extent necessary.
            ``(5) Treatment of term `state highway department'.--In 
        applying provisions of chapter 1 in carrying out this section, 
        the term `State highway department' as used in such provisions 
        shall mean the Governor of a State and, in the case of an 
        Indian tribe program, the Secretary of the Interior.''.
    (b) Conforming Amendment.--The table of sections for such chapter 
is amended by inserting after the item relating to section 405 the 
following:

``406. State highway safety data improvements.''.

SEC. 206. ALCOHOL-IMPAIRED DRIVING COUNTERMEASURES.

    Section 410 is amended to read as follows:
``Sec. 410. Alcohol-impaired driving countermeasures
    ``(a) General Authority.--Subject to the requirements of this 
section, the Secretary shall make grants to States that adopt and 
implement effective programs to reduce traffic safety problems 
resulting from individuals driving while under the influence of 
alcohol. Such grants may only be used by recipient States to implement 
and enforce such programs.
    ``(b) Maintenance of Effort.--No grant may be made to a State under 
this section in any fiscal year unless the State enters into such 
agreements with the Secretary as the Secretary may require to ensure 
that the State will maintain its aggregate expenditures from all other 
sources for alcohol traffic safety programs at or above the average 
level of such expenditures in its 2 fiscal years preceding the date of 
the enactment of the Building Efficient Surface Transportation and 
Equity Act of 1997.
    ``(c) Maximum Period of Eligibility; Federal Share for Grants.--No 
State may receive grants under this section in more than 3 fiscal years 
beginning after September 30, 1997. The Federal share payable for any 
grant under this section shall not exceed--
            ``(1) in the first and second fiscal years in which the 
        State receives a grant under this section, 75 percent of the 
        cost of implementing and enforcing in such fiscal year a 
        program adopted by the State pursuant to subsection (a); and
            ``(2) in the third fiscal year in which the State receives 
        a grant under this section, 50 percent of the cost of 
        implementing and enforcing in such fiscal year such program.
    ``(d) Basic Grant Eligibility.--
            ``(1) Basic grant a.--A State shall become eligible for a 
        grant under this paragraph by adopting or demonstrating to the 
        satisfaction of the Secretary at least 5 of the following:
                    ``(A) .08 bac per se law.--A law that provides that 
                any individual with a blood alcohol concentration of 
                0.08 percent or greater while operating a motor vehicle 
                shall be deemed to be driving while intoxicated.
                    ``(B) Administrative license revocation.--An 
                administrative driver's license suspension or 
                revocation system for individuals who operate motor 
                vehicles while under the influence of alcohol that 
                requires that--
                            ``(i) in the case of an individual who, in 
                        any 5-year period beginning after the date of 
                        the enactment of the Building Efficient Surface 
                        Transportation and Equity Act of 1997, is 
                        determined on the basis of a chemical test to 
                        have been operating a motor vehicle under the 
                        influence of alcohol or is determined to have 
                        refused to submit to such a test as proposed by 
                        a law enforcement officer, the State agency 
                        responsible for administering drivers' 
                        licenses, upon receipt of the report of the law 
                        enforcement officer--
                                    ``(I) shall suspend the driver's 
                                license of such individual for a period 
                                of not less than 90 days if such 
                                individual is a first offender in such 
                                5-year period; and
                                    ``(II) shall suspend the driver's 
                                license of such individual for a period 
                                of not less than 1 year, or revoke such 
                                license, if such individual is a repeat 
                                offender in such 5-year period; and
                            ``(ii) the suspension and revocation 
                        referred to under clause (i) shall take effect 
                        not later than 30 days after the day on which 
                        the individual refused to submit to a chemical 
                        test or received notice of having been 
                        determined to be driving under the influence of 
                        alcohol, in accordance with the State's 
                        procedures.
                    ``(C) Underage drinking program.--An effective 
                system, as determined by the Secretary, for preventing 
                operators of motor vehicles under age 21 from obtaining 
                alcoholic beverages. Such system may include a 
                graduated licensing system, the issuance of drivers' 
                licenses to individuals under age 21 that are easily 
                distinguishable in appearance from drivers' licenses 
                issued to individuals age 21 years of age or older, and 
                the issuance of drivers' licenses that are tamper 
                resistant.
                    ``(D) Enforcement program.--Either--
                            ``(i) a statewide program for stopping 
                        motor vehicles on a nondiscriminatory, lawful 
                        basis for the purpose of determining whether 
                        the operators of such motor vehicles are 
                        driving while under the influence of alcohol; 
                        or
                            ``(ii) a statewide special traffic 
                        enforcement program for impaired driving that 
                        emphasizes publicity for the program.
                    ``(E) Repeat offenders.--Effective sanctions for 
                repeat offenders convicted of driving under the 
                influence of alcohol. Such sanctions, as determined by 
                the Secretary, may include electronic monitoring; 
                alcohol interlocks; intensive supervision of probation; 
                vehicle impoundment, confiscation, or forfeiture; 
                dedicated detention facilities; special measures to 
                reduce driving with a suspended license; and assignment 
                of treatment.
                    ``(F) Drivers with high bac's.--Programs to target 
                individuals with high blood alcohol concentrations who 
                operate a motor vehicle. Such programs may include 
                implementation of a system of graduated penalties and 
                assessment of individuals convicted of driving under 
                the influence of alcohol.
                    ``(G) Young adult drinking programs.--Programs to 
                reduce driving while under the influence of alcohol by 
                individuals age 21 through 34. Such programs may 
                include awareness campaigns; traffic safety 
                partnerships with employers, colleges, and the 
                hospitality industry; assessment of first time 
                offenders; and incorporation of treatment into judicial 
                sentencing.
                    ``(H) Testing for bac.--An effective system for 
                increasing the rate of testing for blood alcohol 
                concentration of motor vehicle drivers at fault in 
                fatal accidents.
            ``(2) Basic grant b.--A State shall become eligible for a 
        grant under this paragraph by adopting or demonstrating to the 
        satisfaction of the Secretary each of the following:
                    ``(A) Fatal impaired driver percentage reduction.--
                The percentage of fatally injured drivers with 0.10 
                percent or greater blood alcohol concentration in the 
                State has decreased in each of the 3 most recent 
                calendar years for which statistics for determining 
                such percentages are available.
                    ``(B) Fatal impaired driver percentage 
                comparison.--The percentage of fatally injured drivers 
                with 0.10 percent or greater blood alcohol 
                concentration in the State has been lower than the 
                average percentage for all States in each of the 
                calendar years referred to in subparagraph (A).
            ``(4) Basic grant amount.--The amount of a basic grant made 
        to a State for a fiscal year under this subsection shall equal 
        up to 30 percent of the amount apportioned to the State for 
        fiscal year 1997 under section 402 of this title.
    ``(e) Discretionary Grants.--
            ``(1) In general.--Upon receiving an application from a 
        State, the Secretary may make grants to the State for carrying 
        out innovative programs (other than the programs specified in 
        subsection (d)) to reduce traffic safety problems resulting 
        from individuals driving while under the influence of alcohol. 
        Such programs may seek to achieve such a reduction through 
        legal, judicial, enforcement, educational, technological, or 
        other approaches.
            ``(2) Eligibility.--A State shall be eligible to receive a 
        grant under this subsection in a fiscal year only if the State 
        is eligible to receive a grant under subsection (d) in such 
        fiscal year.
            ``(3) Funding.--Of the amounts made available to carry out 
        this section, not to exceed 12 percent shall be available for 
        making grants under this subsection.
    ``(f) Administrative Expenses.--Funds authorized to be appropriated 
to carry out this section shall be subject to a deduction not to exceed 
5 percent for the necessary costs of administering the provisions of 
this section.
    ``(g) Applicability of Chapter 1.--
            ``(1) In general.--Except as otherwise provided in this 
        subsection, all provisions of chapter 1 of this title that are 
        applicable to National Highway System funds, other than 
        provisions relating to the apportionment formula and provisions 
        limiting the expenditure of such funds to Federal-aid highways, 
        shall apply to the funds authorized to be appropriated to carry 
        out this section.
            ``(2) Inconsistent provisions.--If the Secretary determines 
        that a provision of chapter 1 of this title is inconsistent 
        with this section, such provision shall not apply to funds 
        authorized to be appropriated to carry out this section.
            ``(3) Credit for state and local expenditures.--The 
        aggregate of all expenditures made during any fiscal year by a 
        State and its political subdivisions (exclusive of Federal 
        funds) for carrying out the State highway safety program under 
        section 402 (other than planning and administration) shall be 
        available for the purpose of crediting such State during such 
        fiscal year for the non-Federal share of the cost of any 
        project under this section (other than one for planning or 
        administration) without regard to whether such expenditures 
        were actually made in connection with such project.
            ``(4) Increased federal share for certain indian tribe 
        programs.--In the case of an alcohol-impaired driving 
        countermeasures program carried out by an Indian tribe, if the 
        Secretary is satisfied that an Indian tribe does not have 
        sufficient funds available to meet the non-Federal share of the 
        cost of such program, the Secretary may increase the Federal 
        share of the cost thereof payable under this title to the 
        extent necessary.
            ``(5) Treatment of term `state highway department'.--In 
        applying provisions of chapter 1 in carrying out this section, 
        the term `State highway department' as used in such provisions 
        shall mean the Governor of a State and, in the case of an 
        Indian tribe program, the Secretary of the Interior.
    ``(h) Definitions.--In this section, the following definitions 
apply:
            ``(1) Alcoholic beverage.--The term `alcoholic beverage' 
        has the meaning such term has under section 158(c) of this 
        title.
            ``(2) Controlled substances.--The term `controlled 
        substances' has the meaning such term has under section 102(6) 
        of the Controlled Substances Act (21 U.S.C. 802(6)).
            ``(3) Motor vehicle.--The term `motor vehicle' means a 
        vehicle driven or drawn by mechanical power and manufactured 
        primarily for use on public streets, roads, and highways, but 
        does not include a vehicle operated only on a rail line.''.

SEC. 207. NATIONAL DRIVER REGISTER.

    (a) Transfer of Selected Functions to Non-Federal Management.--
Section 30302 of title 49, United States Code, is amended by adding at 
the end the following:
    ``(e) Transfer of Selected Functions to Non-Federal Management.--
            ``(1) Agreement.--The Secretary may enter into an agreement 
        with an organization that represents the interests of the 
        States to manage, administer, and operate the National Driver 
        Register's computer timeshare and user assistance functions. If 
        the Secretary decides to enter into such an agreement, the 
        Secretary shall ensure that the management of these functions 
        is compatible with this chapter and the regulations issued to 
        implement this chapter.
            ``(2) Required demonstration.--Any transfer of the National 
        Driver Register's computer timeshare and user assistance 
        functions to an organization that represents the interests of 
        the States shall begin only after a determination is made by 
        the Secretary that all States are participating in the National 
        Driver Register's `Problem Driver Pointer System' (the system 
        used by the Register to effect the exchange of motor vehicle 
        driving records), and that the system is functioning properly.
            ``(3) Transition period.--Any agreement entered into under 
        this subsection shall include a provision for a transition 
        period sufficient to allow the States to make the budgetary and 
        legislative changes the States may need to pay fees charged by 
        the organization representing their interests for their use of 
        the National Driver Register's computer timeshare and user 
        assistance functions. During this transition period, the 
        Secretary shall continue to fund these transferred functions.
            ``(4) Fees.--The total of the fees charged by the 
        organization representing the interests of the States in any 
        fiscal year for the use of the National Driver Register's 
        computer timeshare and user assistance functions shall not 
        exceed the total cost to the organization of performing these 
        functions in such fiscal year.
            ``(5) Limitation on statutory construction.--Nothing in 
        this subsection may be construed to diminish, limit, or 
        otherwise affect the authority of the Secretary to carry out 
        this chapter.''.
    (b) Access to Register Information.--
            (1) Conforming amendments.--Section 30305(b) of title 49, 
        United States Code, is amended--
                    (A) in paragraph (2) by inserting before the period 
                at the end the following: ``, unless the information is 
                about a revocation or suspension still in effect on the 
                date of the request'';
                    (B) in paragraph (8), as redesignated by section 
                207(b) of the Coast Guard Authorization Act of 1996 
                (Public Law 104-324, 110 Stat. 3908)--
                            (i) by striking ``paragraph (2)'' and 
                        inserting ``subsection (a) of this section''; 
                        and
                            (ii) by moving the text of such paragraph 2 
                        ems to the left; and
                    (C) by redesignating paragraph (8), as redesignated 
                by section 502(b)(1) of the Federal Aviation 
                Reauthorization Act of 1996 (Public Law 104-264, 110 
                Stat. 3262), as paragraph (9).
            (2) Federal agency access provision.--Section 30305(b) of 
        title 49, United States Code, is further amended--
                    (A) by redesignating paragraph (6) as paragraph 
                (10) and inserting such paragraph after paragraph (9);
                    (B) by inserting after paragraph (5) the following:
    ``(6) The head of a Federal department or agency that issues motor 
vehicle operator's licenses may request the chief driver licensing 
official of a State to obtain information under subsection (a) of this 
section about an individual applicant for a motor vehicle operator's 
license from such department or agency. The department or agency may 
receive the information, provided it transmits to the Secretary a 
report regarding any individual who is denied a motor vehicle 
operator's license by that department or agency for cause; whose motor 
vehicle operator's license is revoked, suspended, or canceled by that 
department or agency for cause; or about whom the department or agency 
has been notified of a conviction of any of the motor vehicle-related 
offenses or comparable offenses listed in section 30304(a)(3) and over 
whom the department or agency has licensing authority. The report shall 
contain the information specified in section 30304(b).''; and
                    (C) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(11) The head of a Federal department or agency authorized to 
receive information regarding an individual from the Register under 
this section may request and receive such information from the 
Secretary.''.

SEC. 208. BLOWOUT RESISTANT TIRES.

    (a) Study.--The Secretary shall conduct a study on the benefit to 
public safety of the use of blowout resistant tires on commercial motor 
vehicles and the potential to decrease the incidence of accidents and 
fatalities from accidents occurring as a result of blown out tires.
    (b) Report.--Not later than 2 years after the date of the enactment 
of this Act, the Secretary shall transmit to Congress a report on the 
results of the study conducted under this section.
    (c) Limitation on Funding.--The Secretary may not expend more than 
$200,000 in conducting the study under this section.

SEC. 209. EFFECTIVENESS OF LAWS ESTABLISHING MAXIMUM BLOOD ALCOHOL 
              CONCENTRATIONS.

    (a) Study.--The Comptroller General shall conduct a study to 
evaluate the effectiveness of State laws that--
            (1) deem any individual with a blood alcohol concentration 
        of 0.08 percent or greater while operating a motor vehicle to 
        be driving while intoxicated; and
            (2) deem any individual under the age of 21 with a blood 
        alcohol concentration of 0.02 percent or greater while 
        operating a motor vehicle to be driving while intoxicated;
in reducing the number and severity of alcohol-involved crashes.
    (b) Report.--Not later than 2 years after the date of the enactment 
of this Act, the Comptroller General shall transmit to the Committee on 
Transportation and Infrastructure of the House of Representatives and 
the Committee on Public Works and the Environment of the Senate a 
report containing the results of the study conducted under this 
section.

SEC. 210. AUTHORIZATIONS OF APPROPRIATIONS.

    The following sums are authorized to be appropriated out of the 
Highway Trust Fund (other than the Mass Transit Account):
            (1) NHTSA highway safety programs.--For carrying out 
        section 402 of title 23, United States Code, by the National 
        Highway Traffic Safety Administration $128,200,000 for fiscal 
        year 1998, $150,700,000 for fiscal year 1999, and $195,700,000 
        for fiscal year 2000.
            (2) FHWA highway safety programs.--For carrying out section 
        402 of title 23, United States Code, by the Federal Highway 
        Administration $12,000,000 for fiscal year 1998, $20,000,000 
        for fiscal year 1999, and $25,000,000 for fiscal year 2000.
            (3) NHTSA highway safety research and development.--For 
        carrying out section 403 of such title by the National Highway 
        Traffic Safety Administration $55,000,000 per fiscal year for 
        fiscal years 1998 through 2000.
            (4) FHWA highway safety research and development.--For 
        carrying out section 403 of such title by the Federal Highway 
        Administration $20,000,000 per fiscal year for fiscal years 
        1998 through 2000.
            (5) Occupant protection incentive grants.--For carrying out 
        section 405 of such title $9,000,000 for fiscal year 1998 and 
        $20,000,000 per fiscal year for fiscal years 1999 and 2000.
            (6) State highway safety data grants.--For carrying out 
        section 406 of such title $2,500,000 for fiscal year 1998 and 
        $12,000,000 per fiscal year for fiscal years 1999 and 2000.
            (7) Alcohol traffic safety incentive grant program.--For 
        carrying out section 410 of such title $35,000,000 for fiscal 
        year 1998 and $45,000,000 per fiscal year for fiscal years 1999 
        and 2000.
            (8) National driver register.--For carrying out chapter 303 
        of title 49, United States Code, by the National Highway 
        Traffic Safety Administration, $2,300,000 per fiscal year for 
        fiscal years 1998 through 2000.

SEC. 211. TRANSPORTATION INJURY RESEARCH.

    (a) In General.--The Secretary shall make grants to establish and 
maintain a center for transportation injury research at the State 
University of New York at Buffalo.
    (b) Funding.--Of the amounts made available for each of fiscal 
years 1998 through 2000 by section 127(a)(3)(H) of this Act, $2,000,000 
per fiscal year shall be available to carry out this section.

           TITLE III--FEDERAL TRANSIT ADMINISTRATION PROGRAMS

SEC. 301. AMENDMENTS TO TITLE 49, UNITED STATES CODE.

    Except as otherwise specifically provided, whenever in this title 
an amendment or repeal is expressed in terms of an amendment to, or 
repeal of, a section or other provision of law, the reference shall be 
considered to be made to a section or other provision of title 49, 
United States Code.

SEC. 302. DEFINITIONS.

    Section 5302 is amended to read as follows:
``Sec. 5302. Definitions
    ``(a) In General.--In this chapter, the following definitions 
apply:
            ``(1) Capital project.--The term `capital project' means a 
        project for--
                    ``(A) acquiring, constructing, supervising, or 
                inspecting equipment or a facility for use in mass 
                transportation, expenses incidental to the acquisition 
                or construction (including designing, engineering, 
                location surveying, mapping, and acquiring rights of 
                way), payments for the capital portions of rail 
                trackage rights agreements, transit-related intelligent 
                transportation systems, relocation assistance, 
                acquiring replacement housing sites, and acquiring, 
                constructing, relocating, and rehabilitating 
                replacement housing;
                    ``(B) rehabilitating a bus;
                    ``(C) remanufacturing a bus;
                    ``(D) overhauling rail rolling stock;
                    ``(E) preventive maintenance;
                    ``(F) leasing equipment or a facility for use in 
                mass transportation subject to regulations the 
                Secretary prescribes limiting the leasing arrangements 
                to those that are more cost-effective than acquisition 
                or construction; or
                    ``(G) a mass transportation improvement that 
                enhances economic development or incorporates private 
                investment (including commercial and residential 
                development and pedestrian and bicycle access to a mass 
                transportation facility) because the improvement--
                            ``(i) enhances the effectiveness of a mass 
                        transportation project and is related 
                        physically or functionally to that mass 
                        transportation project or establishes new or 
                        enhanced coordination between mass 
                        transportation and other transportation; and
                            ``(ii) provides a fair share of revenue for 
                        mass transportation that will be used for mass 
                        transportation.
            ``(2) Chief executive officer of a state.--The term `chief 
        executive officer of a State' includes the designee of the 
        chief executive officer.
            ``(3) Emergency regulation.--The term `emergency 
        regulation' means a regulation--
                    ``(A) that is effective temporarily before the 
                expiration of the otherwise specified periods of time 
                for public notice and comment under section 5334(b) of 
                this title; and
                    ``(B) prescribed by the Secretary of Transportation 
                as the result of a finding that a delay in the 
                effective date of the regulation--
                            ``(i) would injure seriously an important 
                        public interest;
                            ``(ii) would frustrate substantially 
                        legislative policy and intent; or
                            ``(iii) would damage seriously a person or 
                        class without serving an important public 
                        interest.
            ``(4) Fixed guideway.--The term `fixed guideway' means a 
        mass transportation facility--
                    ``(A) using and occupying a separate right of way 
                or rail for the exclusive use of mass transportation 
                and other high occupancy vehicles; or
                    ``(B) using a fixed catenary system and a right of 
                way usable by other forms of transportation.
            ``(5) Handicapped individual.--The term `handicapped 
        individual' means an individual who, because of illness, 
        injury, age, congenital malfunction, or other incapacity or 
        temporary or permanent disability (including an individual who 
        is a wheelchair user or has semiambulatory capability), cannot 
        use effectively, without special facilities, planning, or 
        design, mass transportation service or a mass transportation 
        facility.
            ``(6) Local governmental authority.--The term `local 
        governmental authority' includes--
                    ``(A) a political subdivision of a State;
                    ``(B) an authority of at least one State or 
                political subdivision of a State;
                    ``(C) an Indian tribe; and
                    ``(D) a public corporation, board, or commission 
                established under the laws of a State.
            ``(7) Mass transportation.--The term `mass transportation' 
        means transportation by a conveyance that provides regular and 
        continuing general or special transportation to the public, but 
        does not include schoolbus, charter, or sightseeing 
        transportation.
            ``(8) Net project cost.--The term `net project cost' means 
        the part of a project that reasonably cannot be financed from 
        revenues.
            ``(9) New bus model.--The term `new bus model' means a bus 
        model (including a model using alternative fuel)--
                    ``(A) that has not been used in mass transportation 
                in the United States before the date of production of 
                the model; or
                    ``(B) used in mass transportation in the United 
                States but being produced with a major change in 
                configuration or components.
            ``(10) Preventive maintenance.--The term `preventive 
        maintenance' means a major activity intended to improve or 
        upgrade a transit vehicle or facility or repair or replace a 
        damaged, malfunctioning, overaged, or outmoded transit vehicle 
        or facility system, subsystem, element, or component. Such term 
        does not include any activity of a routine or servicing nature, 
        such as checking and replenishing fluid levels, adjusting 
        settings on otherwise properly operating components, washing 
        and cleaning a transit vehicle or facility, changing tires and 
        wheels, or repairing damage to a vehicle or facility caused by 
        an accident.
            ``(11) Public transportation.--The term `public 
        transportation' means mass transportation.
            ``(12) Regulation.--The term `regulation' means any part of 
        a statement of general or particular applicability of the 
        Secretary of Transportation designed to carry out, interpret, 
        or prescribe law or policy in carrying out this chapter.
            ``(13) State.--The term `State' means a State of the United 
        States, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, the Northern 
        Mariana Islands, Guam, American Samoa, and the Virgin Islands.
            ``(14) Transit.--The term `transit' means mass 
        transportation.
            ``(15) Transit enhancement.--The term `transit enhancement' 
        means with respect to any project or an area to be served by 
        the project, historic preservation, rehabilitation, and 
        operation of historic mass transportation buildings, 
        structures, and facilities (including historic railroad 
        facilities and canals); projects that enhance transit safety 
        and security; landscaping and other scenic beautification and 
        art in and around mass transportation stations, facilities, bus 
        shelters, bridges, and buses; bicycle and pedestrian access to 
        mass transportation, including bicycle storage facilities and 
        installing equipment for transporting bicycles on mass 
        transportation vehicles; projects that enhance access for the 
        disabled to mass transportation; and archaeological planning 
        and research related to mass transportation projects.
            ``(16) Urban area.--The term `urban area' means an area 
        that includes a municipality or other built-up place that the 
        Secretary of Transportation, after considering local patterns 
        and trends of urban growth, decides is appropriate for a local 
        mass transportation system to serve individuals in the 
        locality.
            ``(17) Urbanized area.--The term `urbanized area' means an 
        area--
                    ``(A) encompassing at least an urbanized area 
                within a State that the Secretary of Commerce 
                designates; and
                    ``(B) designated as an urbanized area within 
                boundaries fixed by State and local officials and 
                approved by the Secretary of Transportation.
    ``(b) Authority To Modify `Handicapped Individual'.--The Secretary 
of Transportation by regulation may modify the definition of subsection 
(a)(5) as it applies to section 5307(d)(1)(D) of this title.''.

SEC. 303. METROPOLITAN PLANNING.

    (a) Goals and Objectives of Planning Process.--Section 5303(b) is 
amended to read as follows:
    ``(b) Goals and Objectives of Planning Process.--
            ``(1) Consideration.--To the extent that the metropolitan 
        planning organization determines appropriate, the metropolitan 
        transportation planning process may include consideration of 
        goals and objectives that--
                    ``(A) support the economic vitality of the 
                metropolitan area, especially by enabling global 
                competitiveness, productivity, and efficiency;
                    ``(B) increase the safety and security of the 
                transportation system;
                    ``(C) increase the accessibility and mobility for 
                people and freight;
                    ``(D) protect and enhance the environment, conserve 
                energy, and enhance quality of life;
                    ``(E) enhance the integration and connectivity of 
                the transportation system, across and between modes, 
                for people and freight;
                    ``(F) promote efficient system utilization and 
                operation; and
                    ``(G) preserve the existing transportation system.
            ``(2) Conversion to goals and objectives.--The metropolitan 
        planning organization shall cooperatively determine with the 
        State and mass transportation operators how the considerations 
        listed in paragraph (1) are translated into metropolitan goals 
        and objectives and how they are factored into decision 
        making.''.
    (b) Long Range Transportation Plan.--Section 5303(f) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (1) by inserting ``transportation'' after 
        ``long-range'';
            (2) in paragraph (1) by striking ``at least shall--'' and 
        inserting ``shall contain, at a minimum, the following:'';
            (3) in paragraph (1)(A) by striking ``identify'' and 
        inserting ``An identification of'';
            (4) by striking paragraph (1)(B) and inserting the 
        following:
                    ``(B) A financial plan that demonstrates how the 
                adopted transportation plan can be implemented, 
                indicates resources from public and private sources 
                that are reasonably expected to be made available to 
                carry out the plan and recommends any additional 
                financing strategies for needed projects and programs. 
                The financial plan may include, for illustrative 
                purposes, additional projects that would be included in 
                the adopted transportation plan if reasonable 
                additional resources beyond those identified in the 
                financial plan were available. For the purpose of 
                developing the transportation plan, the metropolitan 
                planning organization and State shall cooperatively 
                develop estimates of funds that will be available to 
                support plan implementation.'';
            (5) in paragraph (1)(C) by striking ``assess'' and 
        inserting ``An assessment of'';
            (6) in paragraph (4) by inserting after ``employees,'' the 
        following: ``freight shippers and providers of freight 
        transportation services,''; and
            (7) in paragraph (5) by inserting ``transportation'' before 
        ``plan''.

SEC. 304. TRANSPORTATION IMPROVEMENT PROGRAM.

    Section 5304 is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a) by striking ``2 years'' and inserting 
        ``3 years''; and
            (2) in subsection (b)(2)--
                    (A) by striking ``and'' at the end of subparagraph 
                (B);
                    (B) by striking the period at the end of 
                subparagraph (C) and inserting ``; and'';
                    (C) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(D) may include, for illustrative purposes, 
                additional projects that would be included in the 
                adopted transportation plan if reasonable additional 
                resources beyond those identified in the financial plan 
                were available.''.

SEC. 305. TRANSPORTATION MANAGEMENT AREAS.

    Section 5305 is amended--
            (1) in subsection (c) by striking ``shall'' and inserting 
        ``may''; and
            (2) in subsection (d)(1) by striking ``of the National 
        Highway System'' each place it appears and inserting the 
        following: ``under the National Highway System and high risk 
        road safety programs,''.

SEC. 306. URBANIZED AREA FORMULA GRANTS.

    (a) Section Heading.--
            (1) Amendment to section.--Section 5307 is amended by 
        striking the section heading and inserting the following:
``Sec. 5307. Urbanized area formula grants''.
            (2) Conforming amendment.--The item relating to section 
        5307 in the table of sections for chapter 53 is amended to read 
        as follows:

``5307. Urbanized area formula grants.''.
    (b) Definitions.--Section 5307(a) is amended--
            (1) by striking ``In this section'' and inserting ``In this 
        section, the following definitions apply:'';
            (2) by inserting ``Associated capital maintenance items.--
        The term'' after ``(1)'';
            (3) by inserting ``Designated recipient.--The term'' after 
        ``(2)''.
    (c) General Authority.--Section 5307(b) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (1)--
                    (A) by striking ``, improvement, and operating 
                costs'' and inserting ``and improvement costs''; and
                    (B) by adding at the end the following new 
                sentence: ``In an urbanized area with a population of 
                less than 200,000, the Secretary may also make grants 
                under this section to finance the operating cost of 
                equipment and facilities for use in mass 
                transportation.'';
            (2) by striking paragraphs (3) and (5); and
            (3) redesignating paragraph (4) as paragraph (3).
    (d) Advance Construction.--Section 5307(g)(3) is amended by 
striking ``the amount by which'' and all that follows through the 
period at the end and inserting ``the most favorable financing terms 
reasonably available for the project at the time of borrowing. The 
applicant shall certify, in a manner satisfactory to the Secretary, 
that the applicant has shown reasonable diligence in seeking the most 
favorable financing terms.''.
    (e) Coordination of Reviews.--Section 5307(i)(2) is amended by 
adding at the end the following: ``To the extent practicable, the 
Secretary shall coordinate such reviews with any related State or local 
reviews.''.
    (f) Transit Enhancement Activities.--Section 5307(k) is amended to 
read as follows:
    ``(k) Transit Enhancement Activities.--2 percent of the funds 
apportioned to urbanized areas of at least 200,000 population under 
section 5336 for a fiscal year shall only be available for transit 
enhancement activities.''.
    (g) Conforming Amendments.--Section 5307(n) is amended--
            (1) by striking ``(1)'' the first place it appears and all 
        that follows through ``(2)''; and
            (2) by inserting ``5319,'' after ``5318,''.

SEC. 307. MASS TRANSIT ACCOUNT BLOCK GRANTS.

    Section 5308, and the item relating to section 5308 in the table of 
sections for chapter 53, are repealed.

SEC. 308. CAPITAL PROGRAM GRANTS AND LOANS.

    (a) Section Heading.--Section 5309 is amended in the section 
heading by striking ``Discretionary'' and inserting ``Capital 
program''.
    (b) Conforming Amendment.--The item relating to section 5309 in the 
table of sections for chapter 53 is amended by striking 
``Discretionary'' and inserting ``Capital program''.
    (c) General Authority.--Section 5309(a) is amended--
            (1) by striking subparagraph (E) and inserting the 
        following:
            ``(E) capital projects to modernize existing fixed guideway 
        systems;'';
            (2) by striking ``and'' at the end of paragraph (1)(F);
            (3) by striking the period at the end of paragraph (1)(G) 
        and inserting ``; and''; and
            (4) by inserting after paragraph (1)(G) the following:
            ``(H) capital projects to replace, rehabilitate, and 
        purchase buses and related equipment and to construct bus-
        related facilities.''.
    (d) Consideration of Decreased Commuter Rail Transportation.--
Section 5309(c) is repealed.
    (e) Criteria for Grants and Loans for Fixed Guideway Systems.--
Section 5309(e) is amended to read as follows:
    ``(e) Criteria for Grants and Loans for Fixed Guideway Systems.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary of Transportation may 
        approve a grant or loan under this section for a capital 
        project for a new fixed guideway system or extension of an 
        existing fixed guideway system only if the Secretary determines 
        that the proposed project is--
                    ``(A) based on the results of an alternatives 
                analysis and preliminary engineering;
                    ``(B) justified based on a comprehensive review of 
                its mobility improvements, environmental benefits, cost 
                effectiveness, and operating efficiencies; and
                    ``(C) supported by an acceptable degree of local 
                financial commitment, including evidence of stable and 
                dependable financing sources to construct, maintain, 
                and operate the system or extension.
            ``(2) Alternatives analysis and preliminary engineering.--
        In evaluating a project under paragraph (1)(A), the Secretary 
        shall analyze and consider the results of the alternatives 
        analysis and preliminary engineering for the project.
            ``(3) Project justification.--In evaluating a project under 
        paragraph (1)(B), the Secretary shall--
                    ``(A) consider the direct and indirect costs of 
                relevant alternatives;
                    ``(B) consider factors such as congestion relief, 
                improved mobility, air pollution, noise pollution, 
                energy consumption, and all associated ancillary and 
                mitigation costs necessary to carry out each 
                alternative analyzed;
                    ``(C) identify and consider existing mass 
                transportation supportive land use policies and future 
                land use patterns and the costs of urban sprawl;
                    ``(D) consider the degree to which the project 
                increases the mobility of the mass transportation 
                dependent population or promotes economic development;
                    ``(E) consider population density, current transit 
                ridership in the corridor, and cost per new rider;
                    ``(F) consider the technical capability of the 
                grant recipient to construct the project;
                    ``(G) adjust the project justification to reflect 
                differences in local land, construction, and operating 
                costs; and
                    ``(H) consider other factors the Secretary 
                determines appropriate to carry out this chapter.
            ``(4) Local financial commitment.--
                    ``(A) Evaluation of project.--In evaluating a 
                project under paragraph (1)(C), the Secretary shall 
                require that--
                            ``(i) the proposed project plan provides 
                        for the availability of contingency amounts the 
                        Secretary determines to be reasonable to cover 
                        unanticipated cost increases;
                            ``(ii) each proposed local source of 
                        capital and operating financing is stable, 
                        reliable, and available within the proposed 
                        project timetable; and
                            ``(iii) local resources are available to 
                        operate the overall proposed mass 
                        transportation system (including essential 
                        feeder bus and other services necessary to 
                        achieve the projected ridership levels) without 
                        requiring a reduction in existing mass 
                        transportation services to operate the proposed 
                        project.
                    ``(B) Stability, reliability, and availability of 
                local financing.--In assessing the stability, 
                reliability, and availability of proposed sources of 
                local financing for the project, the Secretary shall 
                consider--
                            ``(i) existing grant commitments;
                            ``(ii) the degree to which financing 
                        sources are dedicated to the purposes proposed;
                            ``(iii) any debt obligation that exists or 
                        is proposed by the recipient for the proposed 
                        project or other mass transportation purpose; 
                        and
                            ``(iv) the extent to which the project has 
                        a local financial commitment that exceeds the 
                        required non-Federal share of the cost of the 
                        project.
            ``(5) Regulations.--No later than 120 days after the date 
        of the enactment of the Building Efficient Surface 
        Transportation and Equity Act of 1997, the Secretary shall 
        issue regulations on how the Secretary will evaluate and rate 
        the projects based on the results of alternatives analysis, 
        project justification, and the degree of local financial 
        commitment as required under this subsection.
            ``(6) Project evaluation and rating.--A proposed project 
        may advance from alternatives analysis to preliminary 
        engineering, and may advance from preliminary engineering to 
        final design and construction, only if the Secretary finds that 
        the project meets the requirements of this section and there is 
        a reasonable likelihood that the project will continue to meet 
        such requirements. In making such findings, the Secretary shall 
        evaluate and rate the project as either highly recommended, 
        recommended, or not recommended based on the results of 
        alternatives analysis, the project justification criteria, and 
        the degree of local financial commitment as required under this 
        subsection. In rating the projects, the Secretary shall 
        provide, in addition to the overall project rating, individual 
        ratings for each criteria established under the regulations 
        issued under paragraph (5).
            ``(7) Full funding grant agreement.--A project financed 
        under this subsection shall be carried out through a full 
        funding grant agreement. The Secretary shall enter into a full 
        funding grant agreement based on the evaluations and ratings 
        required under this subsection. The Secretary shall not enter 
        into a full funding grant agreement for a project unless that 
        project is authorized for final design and construction.
            ``(8) Limitations on applicability.--
                    ``(A) Projects with a section 5309 federal share of 
                less than $25,000,000.--A project for a new fixed 
                guideway system or extension of an existing fixed 
                guideway system is not subject to the requirements of 
                this subsection, and the simultaneous evaluation of 
                similar projects in at least 2 corridors in a 
                metropolitan area may not be limited, if the assistance 
                provided under this section with respect to the project 
                is less than $25,000,000.
                    ``(B) Projects in nonattainment areas.--The 
                simultaneous evaluation of projects in at least 2 
                corridors in a metropolitan area may not be limited and 
                the Secretary shall make decisions under this 
                subsection with expedited procedures that will promote 
                carrying out an approved State Implementation Plan in a 
                timely way if a project is--
                            ``(i) located in a nonattainment area;
                            ``(ii) a transportation control measure (as 
                        defined by the Clean Air Act (42 U.S.C. 7401 et 
                        seq.)); and
                            ``(iii) required to carry out the State 
                        Implementation Plan.
                    ``(C) Projects financed with highway funds.--This 
                subsection does not apply to a project financed 
                completely with amounts made available from the Highway 
                Trust Fund (other than the Mass Transit Account).
                    ``(D) Previously issued letter of intent or full 
                funding grant agreement.--This subsection does not 
                apply to projects for which the Secretary has issued a 
                letter of intent or entered into a full funding grant 
                agreement before the date of the enactment of this 
                subparagraph.''.
    (f) Letters of Intent and Full Funding Grant Agreements.--Section 
5309(g) is amended--
            (1) in the subsection heading by striking ``Financing'' and 
        inserting ``Funding'';
            (2) by striking ``full financing'' each place it appears 
        and inserting ``full funding'';
            (3) in paragraph (1)(B)--
                    (A) by striking ``30 days'' and inserting ``60 
                days'';
                    (B) by inserting before the first comma ``or 
                entering into a full funding grant agreement''; and
                    (C) by striking ``issuance of the letter.'' and 
                inserting ``letter or agreement. The Secretary shall 
                include with the notification a copy of the proposed 
                letter or agreement as well as the evaluations and 
                ratings for the project.''; and
            (4) in paragraph (2) by striking ``full financing'' each 
        place it appears and inserting ``full funding''.
    (g) Allocating Amounts.--Section 5309(m) is amended to read as 
follows:
    ``(m) Allocating Amounts.--
            ``(1) In general.--Of the amounts made available by section 
        5338(b) for grants and loans under this section for each of 
        fiscal years 1998, 1999, and 2000--
                    ``(A) 40 percent shall be available for fixed 
                guideway modernization;
                    ``(B) 40 percent shall be available for capital 
                projects for new fixed guideway systems and extensions 
                to existing fixed guideway systems; and
                    ``(C) 20 percent shall be available to replace, 
                rehabilitate, and buy buses and related equipment and 
                to construct bus-related facilities.
            ``(2) Limitation on amounts available for activities other 
        than final design and construction.--Not more than 8 percent of 
        the amounts made available in each fiscal year by paragraph 
        (1)(B) shall be available for activities other than final 
        design and construction.
            ``(3) Bus and bus facility grants.--
                    ``(A) Consideration.--In making grants under 
                paragraph (1)(C), the Secretary shall consider the age 
                of buses, bus fleets, related equipment, and bus-
                related facilities.
                    ``(B) Funding for bus testing facility.--Of the 
                amounts made available by paragraph (1)(C), $3,000,000 
                shall be available in each of fiscal years 1998, 1999, 
                and 2000 to carry out section 5318.
                    ``(C) Funding for bus technology pilot program.--Of 
                the funds made available by paragraph (1)(C), 10 
                percent shall be available in each of fiscal years 
                1998, 1999, and 2000 to carry out the bus technology 
                pilot program under subsection (o).
                    ``(D) Other than urbanized areas.--Of amounts made 
                available by paragraph (1)(C), not less than 5.5 
                percent shall be available in each fiscal year for 
                other than urbanized areas.
            ``(4) Eligibility for assistance for multiple projects.--A 
        person applying for, or receiving, assistance for a project 
        described in clause (A), (B), or (C) of paragraph (1) may 
        receive assistance for a project described in another of those 
        clauses.''.
    (h) Advance Construction.--Section 5309(n)(2) is amended by 
striking ``in a way'' and inserting ``in a manner''.
    (i) Conforming Amendments.--
            (1) Relocation of subsection.--Section 5309 is amended--
                    (A) by striking subsection (f); and
                    (B) by redesignating subsections (g) through (o) as 
                subsections (f) through (n), respectively.
            (2) Cross references.--Chapter 53 is amended--
                    (A) in section 5319 by striking ``5309(h) and 
                inserting ``5309(g)'';
                    (B) in section 5328(a)(2) by striking ``5309(e)(1)-
                (6) of this title'' and inserting ``5309(e)''; and
                    (C) in section 5328(a)(4) by striking ``5309(m)(2) 
                of this title'' and inserting ``5309(o)(1)''.
            (3) References to full funding grant agreements.--Sections 
        5320 and 5328(a)(4) are each amended by striking ``full 
        financing'' and inserting ``full funding''. The subsection 
        heading for section 5320(e) is amended by striking 
        ``Financing'' and inserting ``Funding''.
    (j) Bus Technology Pilot Program.--Section 5309 is further amended 
by adding at the end the following:
    ``(o) Bus Technology Pilot Program.--
            ``(1) Establishment.--The Secretary shall establish a pilot 
        program for the testing and deployment of new bus technology, 
        including clean fuel and alternative fuel technology.
            ``(2) Projects.--Under the pilot program, the Secretary 
        shall carry out projects for testing and deployment of new bus 
        technology, including clean fuel and alternative fuel 
        technology. The Secretary shall select projects for funding 
        under the pilot program that will employ a variety of 
        technologies and will be performed in a variety of geographic 
        areas of the country with populations under 50,000, between 
        50,000 and 200,000, and over 200,000.
            ``(3) Report.--Not later than April 30, 2000, the Secretary 
        shall transmit to the Committee on Transportation and 
        Infrastructure of the House of Representatives and the 
        Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs of the Senate 
        a report on the results of the pilot program, including a 
        description of the projects carried out, the amounts obligated, 
        and the status of the test and deployment activities 
        undertaken.''.
    (k) Reports.--Section 5309 is further amended by adding at the end 
the following:
    ``(p) Reports.--
            ``(1) Funding levels and allocations of funds for fixed 
        guideway systems.--
                    ``(A) Annual report.--Not later than the first 
                Monday in February of each year, the Secretary shall 
                submit to the Committee on Transportation and 
                Infrastructure of the House of Representatives and the 
                Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs of the 
                Senate a report that includes a proposal on the 
                allocation of amounts to be made available to finance 
                grants and loans for capital projects for new fixed 
                guideway systems and extensions to existing fixed 
                guideway systems among applicants for those amounts.
                    ``(B) Recommendations on funding.--The annual 
                report under this paragraph shall include evaluations 
                and ratings, as required under subsection (e), for each 
                project that is authorized or has received funds under 
                this section since the date of the enactment of this 
                Act or October 1 of the preceding fiscal year, 
                whichever date is earlier. The report shall also 
                include recommendations of projects for funding based 
                on the evaluations and ratings and on existing 
                commitments and anticipated funding levels for the next 
                3 fiscal years and for the next 10 fiscal years based 
                on information currently available to the Secretary.
            ``(2) Supplemental report on new starts.--The Secretary 
        shall submit a report to Congress on the 31st day of August of 
        each year that describes the Secretary's evaluation and rating 
        of each project that has completed alternatives analysis or 
        preliminary engineering since the date of the last report. The 
        report shall include all relevant information that supports the 
        evaluation and rating of each project, including a summary of 
        each project's financial plan.
            ``(3) Annual gao review.--the General Accounting Office 
        shall--
                    ``(A) conduct an annual review of--
                            ``(i) the processes and procedures for 
                        evaluating and rating projects and recommending 
                        projects; and
                            ``(ii) the Secretary's implementation of 
                        such processes and procedures; and
                    ``(B) shall report to Congress on the results of 
                such review by April 30 of each year.''.
    (l) Project Defined.--Section 5309 is further amended by adding at 
the end the following:
    ``(q) Project Defined.--In this section, the term `project' means, 
with respect to a new fixed guideway system or extension to an existing 
fixed guideway system, a minimum operable segment of the project.''.

SEC. 309. FORMULA GRANTS AND LOANS FOR SPECIAL NEEDS OF ELDERLY 
              INDIVIDUALS AND INDIVIDUALS WITH DISABILITIES.

    (a) Section Heading.--Section 5310 is amended in the section 
heading by inserting ``formula'' before ``grants''.
    (b) Conforming Amendment.--The item relating to section 5310 in the 
table of sections for chapter 53 is amended by inserting ``formula'' 
before ``grants''.

SEC. 310. FORMULA PROGRAM FOR OTHER THAN URBANIZED AREAS.

    (a) Intercity Bus Transportation.--Section 5311 is amended--
            (1) in the section heading by striking ``financial 
        assistance'' and inserting ``formula grants''; and
            (2) in subsection (f)(1) by striking ``10 percent of the 
        amount made available in the fiscal year ending September 30, 
        1993, and''.
    (b) Conforming Amendment.--The item relating to section 5310 in the 
table of sections for chapter 53 is amended by striking ``Financial 
assistance'' and inserting ``Formula grant''.

SEC. 311. RESEARCH, DEVELOPMENT, DEMONSTRATION, AND TRAINING PROJECTS.

    (a) In General.--Section 5312 is amended--
            (1) in each of subsections (a) and (b) by striking the 
        first parenthetical phrase; and
            (2) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(d) Joint Partnerships for Deployment of Innovation.--
            ``(1) Consortium defined.--In this subsection, the term 
        ``consortium'' means one or more public or private 
        organizations located in the United States which provide mass 
        transportation service to the public and one or more 
        businesses, including small and medium sized businesses, 
        incorporated in a State, offering goods or services or willing 
        to offer goods or services to mass transportation operators. It 
        may include as additional members public or private research 
        organizations located in the United States, or State or local 
        governmental authorities.
            ``(2) Grants and agreements.--The Secretary may make grants 
        and enter into contracts, cooperative agreements, and other 
        agreements with consortia selected competitively from among 
        public and private partnerships to promote the early deployment 
        of innovation in mass transportation technology, services, 
        management, or operational practices. Any such grant, contract, 
        or agreement shall provide for the sharing of costs, risks, and 
        rewards of early deployment of innovation. Such grants, 
        contracts, and agreements shall be subject to such terms and 
        conditions as the Secretary prescribes.
            ``(3) Consultation requirement.--This subsection shall be 
        carried out in consultation with the transit industry.
            ``(4) Cost sharing.--Any consortium that receives a grant 
        or enters into a contract or agreement under this subsection 
        shall provide at least 50 percent of the cost of any joint 
        partnership project. Any business, organization, person, or 
        governmental body may contribute funds to such project.
            ``(5) Public notice.--The Secretary shall periodically give 
        public notice of--
                    ``(A) the technical areas for which joint 
                partnerships are solicited under this subsection;
                    ``(B) required qualifications of consortia desiring 
                to participate in such partnerships;
                    ``(C) the method of selection and evaluation 
                criteria to be used in selecting participating 
                consortia and projects under this subsection; and
                    ``(D) the process by which projects will be awarded 
                under this subsection.
            ``(6) Acceptance of revenues.--The Secretary may accept a 
        portion of the revenues resulting from sales of an innovation 
        supported under this subsection and deposit any revenues 
        accepted into a special account of the Treasury of the United 
        States to be established for purposes of carrying out this 
        subsection.
    ``(e) International Mass Transportation Program.--
            ``(1) Activities.--The Secretary is authorized to engage in 
        activities to inform the United States domestic mass 
        transportation community about technological innovations 
        available in the international marketplace and activities that 
        may afford domestic businesses the opportunity to become 
        globally competitive in the export of mass transportation 
        products and services. These activities may include--
                    ``(A) development, monitoring, assessment, and 
                dissemination domestically of information about 
                worldwide mass transportation market opportunities;
                    ``(B) cooperation with foreign public sector 
                entities in research, development, demonstration, 
                training, and other forms of technology transfer and 
                exchange of experts and information;
                    ``(C) advocacy, in international mass 
                transportation markets, of firms, products, and 
                services available from the United States;
                    ``(D) informing the international market about the 
                technical quality of mass transportation products and 
                services through participation in seminars, 
                expositions, and similar activities; and
                    ``(E) offering those Federal Transit Administration 
                technical services which cannot be readily obtained 
                from the United States private sector to foreign public 
                authorities planning or undertaking mass transportation 
                projects if the cost of these services will be 
                recovered under the terms of each project.
            ``(2) Cooperation.--The Secretary may carry out activities 
        under this subsection in cooperation with other Federal 
        agencies, State or local agencies, public and private nonprofit 
        institutions, government laboratories, foreign governments, or 
        any other organization the Secretary determines is appropriate.
            ``(3) Funding.--The funds available to carry out this 
        subsection shall include funds paid to the Secretary by any 
        cooperating organization or person and shall be deposited by 
        the Secretary in a special account in the Treasury of the 
        United States to be established for purposes of carrying out 
        this subsection. The funds shall be available for promotional 
        materials, travel, reception, and representation expenses 
        necessary to carry out the activities authorized by this 
        subsection. Reimbursement for services provided under this 
        subsection shall be credited to the appropriation account 
        concerned.''.
    (b) Mass Transportation Technology Development and Deployment.--
            (1) General authority.--The Secretary may make grants and 
        enter into contracts, cooperative agreements, and other 
        agreements with eligible consortia to promote the development 
        and early deployment of innovation in mass transportation 
        technology, services, management, or operational practices. The 
        Secretary shall coordinate activities under this section with 
        related activities under programs of other Federal departments 
        and agencies.
            (2) Eligibility criteria.--To be qualified to receive 
        funding under this section, an eligible consortium shall--
                    (A) be organized for the purpose of designing, 
                developing, and deploying advanced mass transportation 
                technologies that address identified technological 
                impediments in the mass transportation field;
                    (B) have an established mechanism for designing, 
                developing, and deploying advanced mass transportation 
                technologies as evidenced by participation in a Federal 
                program such as the consortia funded pursuant to Public 
                Law 102-396;
                    (C) facilitate the participation in the consortium 
                of small- and medium-sized businesses in conjunction 
                with large established manufacturers, as appropriate;
                    (D) be designed to use State and Federal funding to 
                attract private capital in the form of grants or 
                investments to further the purposes of this section; 
                and
                    (E) provide for the sharing of costs, risks, and 
                rewards of early deployment of innovation in mass 
                transportation technologies.
            (3) Grant Requirements.--Grants, contracts, and agreements 
        under paragraph (1) shall be eligible under and consistent with 
        section 5312 of title 49, United States Code, and shall be 
        subject to such terms and conditions as the Secretary 
        prescribes.
            (4) Federal share of costs.--The Federal share of costs for 
        a grant, contract, or agreement with a consortium under this 
        subsection shall not exceed 50 percent of the net project cost.
            (5) Eligible consortium defined.--For purposes of this 
        section, the term ``eligible consortium'' means a consortium 
        of--
                    (A) businesses incorporated in the United States;
                    (B) public or private educational or research 
                organizations located in the United States;
                    (C) entities of State or local governments in the 
                United States;
            (D) Federal laboratories; or
            (E) existing consortia funded pursuant to Public Law 103-
        396.
            (6) Funding.--
                    (A) Set-aside of amounts made available under 
                section 5338(d).--Of the funds made available by or 
                appropriated under section 5338(d) of title 49, United 
                States Code, for a fiscal year $5,000,000 shall be 
                available to carry out this subsection.
                    (B) Set-aside of amounts made available under 
                section 5309(o).--Of the funds made available to carry 
                out the bus technology pilot program under section 
                5309(o) of title 49, United States Code, for a fiscal 
                year $5,000,000 shall be available to carry out this 
                subsection.
    (c) Advanced Technology Pilot Project.--
            (1) In general.--The Secretary shall make grants for the 
        development of low speed magnetic levitation technology for 
        public transportation purposes in urban areas to demonstrate 
        energy efficiency, congestion mitigation, and safety benefits.
            (2) Funding.--Of the amounts made available for each of 
        fiscal years 1998 through 2000 by section 127(a)(3)(H) of this 
        Act, $5,000,000 per fiscal year shall be available to carry out 
        this subsection.
            (3) Federal share.--The Federal share payable on account of 
        activities carried out using a grant made under this subsection 
        shall be 80 percent of the cost of such activities.

SEC. 312. NATIONAL TRANSIT INSTITUTE.

    (a) In General.--Section 5315 is amended--
            (1) in the section heading by striking ``mass 
        transportation'' and inserting ``transit''; and
            (2) in subsection (a)--
                    (A) by striking ``mass transportation'' in the 
                first sentence and inserting ``transit'';
                    (B) by inserting ``and architectural design'' 
                before the semicolon at the end of paragraph (5);
                    (C) by striking ``carrying out'' in paragraph (7) 
                and inserting ``delivering'';
                    (D) by inserting ``, construction management, 
                insurance, and risk management'' before the semicolon 
                at the end of paragraph (11);
                    (E) by striking ``and'' at the end of paragraph 
                (13);
                    (F) by striking the period at the end of paragraph 
                (14) and inserting ``; and''; and
                    (G) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(15) innovative finance.''.
    (b) Conforming Amendment.--The item relating to section 5315 in the 
table of sections for chapter 53 is amended by striking ``mass 
transportation'' and inserting ``transit''.

SEC. 313. UNIVERSITY RESEARCH INSTITUTES.

    Section 5316, and the item relating to section 5316 in the table of 
sections for chapter 53, are repealed.

SEC. 314. TRANSPORTATION CENTERS.

    Section 5317, and the item relating to section 5317 in the table of 
sections for chapter 53, are repealed.

SEC. 315. BUS TESTING FACILITIES.

    (a) Operation and Maintenance.--Section 5318(b) is amended--
            (1) by striking ``make a contract with'' and inserting 
        ``enter into a contract or cooperative agreement with, or make 
        a grant to,'';
            (2) by inserting ``or organization'' after ``person'';
            (3) by inserting ``, cooperative agreement, or grant'' 
        after ``The contract''; and
            (4) by inserting ``mass transportation'' after ``and 
        other''.
    (b) Availability of Amounts.--Section 5318(e) is amended--
            (1) by striking ``make a contract with'' and inserting 
        ``enter into a contract or cooperative agreement with, or make 
        a grant to,''; and
            (2) by striking ``5338(j)(5)'' and inserting ``5312''.

SEC. 316. BICYCLE FACILITIES.

    Section 5319 is amended by striking ``under this section is for 90 
percent of the cost of the project'' and inserting ``made eligible by 
this section is for 90 percent of the cost of the project; except that, 
if the grant or any portion of the grant is made with funds required to 
be expended under section 5307(k) and the project involves providing 
bicycle access to mass transportation, that grant or portion of that 
grant shall be at a Federal share of 95 percent''.

SEC. 317. GENERAL PROVISIONS ON ASSISTANCE.

    (a) Technical Amendment.--Section 5323(d) is amended by striking 
``Buying and Operating Buses.--'' and inserting ``Condition on Charter 
Bus Transportation Service.--''.
    (b) Required Payments and Eligible Costs.--Section 5323(e) is 
amended to read as follows:
    ``(e) Required Payments and Eligible Costs of Projects That Enhance 
Economic Development or Incorporate Private Investment.--
            ``(1) Required payments.--Each grant or loan under this 
        chapter for a capital project described in section 
        5302(a)(1)(G) shall require that a person making an agreement 
        to occupy space in a facility funded under this chapter pay a 
        reasonable share of the costs of the facility through rental 
        payments and other means.
            ``(2) Eligible costs.--Eligible costs for a capital project 
        described in section 5302(a)(1)(G)--
                    ``(A) include property acquisition, demolition of 
                existing structures, site preparation, utilities, 
                building foundations, walkways, open space, and a 
                capital project for, and improving, equipment or a 
                facility for an intermodal transfer facility or 
                transportation mall; but
                    ``(B) do not include construction of a commercial 
                revenue producing facility or a part of a public 
                facility not related to mass transportation.''.
    (c) Government's Share.--Section 5323(i) is amended to read as 
follows:
    ``(i) Government Share of Costs for Certain Projects.--A grant for 
a project to be assisted under this chapter that involves acquiring 
vehicle-related equipment required by the Americans with Disabilities 
Act of 1990 (42 U.S.C. 12101 et seq.) or vehicle-related equipment 
(including clean fuel or alternative fuel vehicle-related equipment) 
for purposes of complying with or maintaining compliance with the Clean 
Air Act, is for 90 percent of the net project cost of such equipment 
attributable to compliance with such Acts. The Secretary shall have 
discretion to determine, through practicable administrative procedures, 
the costs of such equipment attributable to compliance with such 
Acts.''.
    (d) Buy America.--Section 5323(j)(7) is amended to read as follows:
            ``(7) Opportunity to correct inadvertent error.--The 
        Secretary may allow a manufacturer or supplier of steel, iron, 
        or manufactured goods to correct after bid opening any 
        certification made under this subsection if the Secretary is 
        satisfied that the manufacturer or supplier submitted an 
        incorrect certification as a result of an inadvertent or 
        clerical error.''.
    (e) Participation of Governmental Agencies in Design and Delivery 
of Transportation Services.--Section 5323 is amended by redesignating 
subsections (k) and (l) as subsections (l) and (m) and by inserting 
after subsection (j) the following:
    ``(k) Participation of Governmental Agencies in Design and Delivery 
of Transportation Services.--To the extent feasible, governmental 
agencies and nonprofit organizations that receive assistance from 
Government sources (other than the Department of Transportation) for 
nonemergency transportation services shall participate and coordinate 
with recipients of assistance under this chapter in the design and 
delivery of transportation services and shall be included in the 
planning for such services.''.
    (f) Submission of Certifications.--Section 5323 is further amended 
by adding at the end the following:
    ``(n) Submission of Certifications.--
            ``(1) In general.--A certification required under this 
        chapter and any additional certification or assurance required 
        by law or regulation to be submitted to the Secretary may be 
        consolidated into a single document to be submitted annually as 
        part of a grant application under this chapter. The Secretary 
        shall publish annually a list of all certifications required 
        under this chapter with the publication required under section 
        5336(e)(2).
            ``(2) Applicability of false claims act.--Section 1001 of 
        title 18 applies to a certificate or submission under this 
        chapter. The Secretary may end a grant under this chapter and 
        seek reimbursement, directly by offsetting amounts available 
        under section 5336, when a false or fraudulent statement or 
        related act within the meaning of such section 1001 is made in 
        connection with a certification or submission under this 
        chapter.''.

SEC. 318. CONTRACT REQUIREMENTS.

    Section 5325 is amended--
            (1) by striking subsections (b) and (c);
            (2) by redesignating subsection (d) as subsection (b); and
            (3) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(c) Efficient Procurement.--A recipient may award a procurement 
contract under this chapter to other than the lowest bidder when the 
award furthers an objective consistent with the purposes of this 
chapter, including improved long-term operating efficiency and lower 
long-term costs.''.

SEC. 319. SPECIAL PROCUREMENTS.

    (a) Turnkey System Projects.--Section 5326(a) is amended--
            (1) by striking paragraph (1) and inserting the following:
            ``(1) Turnkey system project defined.--In this subsection, 
        the term `turnkey system project' means a project under which a 
        recipient enters into a contract with a seller, firm, or 
        consortium of firms to design and build a mass transportation 
        system or an operable segment thereof that meets specific 
        performance criteria. Such project may also include an option 
        to finance, or operate for a period of time, the system or 
        segment or any combination of designing, building, operating, 
        or maintaining such system or segment.'';
            (2) in paragraph (2)--
                    (A) by inserting ``Selection of turnkey projects.--
                '' after ``(2)''; and
                    (B) by inserting ``or an operable segment of a mass 
                transportation system'' after ``transportation 
                system'';
            (3) in paragraph (3) by inserting ``Demonstrations.--'' 
        after ``(3)'';
            (4) by aligning paragraphs (2) and (3) with paragraph (1) 
        of such section, as amended by paragraph (1) of this section.
    (b) Technical Amendment.--Section 5326 is amended by striking 
subsection (c) and inserting the following:
    ``(c) Acquiring Rolling Stock.--A recipient of financial assistance 
of the United States Government under this chapter may make a contract 
to expend that assistance to acquire rolling stock--
            ``(1) based on--
                    ``(A) initial capital costs; or
                    ``(B) performance, standardization, life cycle 
                costs, and other factors; or
            ``(2) with a party selected through a competitive 
        procurement process.
    ``(d) Procuring Associated Capital Maintenance Items.--A recipient 
of a grant under section 5307 of this title procuring an associated 
capital maintenance item under section 5307(b) may make a contract 
directly with the original manufacturer or supplier of the item to be 
replaced, without receiving prior approval of the Secretary, if the 
recipient first certifies in writing to the Secretary that--
            ``(1) the manufacturer or supplier is the only source for 
        the item; and
            ``(2) the price of the item is no more than the price 
        similar customers pay for the item.''.
    (c) Conforming Amendment.--Section 5334(b)(4) is amended by 
striking ``5323(a)(2), (c) and (e), 5324(c), and 5325 of this title'' 
and inserting ``5323(a)(2), 5323(c), 5323(e), 5324(c), 5325(a), 
5325(b), 5326(c), and 5326(d)''.

SEC. 320. PROJECT MANAGEMENT OVERSIGHT.

    Section 5327(c)(2) is amended--
            (1) by striking ``make contracts'' and inserting ``enter 
        into contracts''; and
            (2) by inserting before the period at the end of the first 
        sentence the following: ``and to provide technical assistance 
        to correct deficiencies identified in compliance reviews and 
        audits carried out under this section''.

SEC. 321. STUDY ON ALCOHOL AND CONTROLLED SUBSTANCES RANDOM TESTING 
              RATE CALCULATION.

    (a) Study.--The Secretary shall conduct a study to determine how 
the alcohol and controlled substances random testing rate under section 
5331 of title 49, United States Code, should be calculated.
    (b) Considerations.--In conducting the study under this section, 
the Secretary shall consider--
            (1) the differences in random testing results among 
        employers subject to section 5331 of title 49, United States 
        Code;
            (2) the differences in random testing results among 
        employers subject to such section in areas with populations of 
        at least 200,000, in areas with populations less than 200,000, 
        and in other than urbanized areas;
            (3) the deterrent effect of random testing; and
            (4) the effect of random testing on public safety.
    (c) Report.--Not later than December 31, 1999, the Secretary shall 
transmit to Congress a report on the results of the study conducted 
under this section, together with any proposed changes to the 
calculation of the random alcohol and controlled substances testing 
rate.

SEC. 322. ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES.

    (a) Training and Conference Costs.--Section 5334(a) is amended--
            (1) by striking ``and'' at the end of paragraph (8);
            (2) by striking the period at the end of paragraph (9) and 
        inserting ``; and''; and
            (3) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(10) collect fees to cover the costs of training or 
        conferences, including costs of promotional materials, 
        sponsored by the Federal Transit Administration to promote mass 
        transportation and credit amounts collected to the 
        appropriation concerned.''.
    (b) Flexibility for Areas With Populations Under 200,000.--Section 
5334(i) is amended to read as follows:
    ``(i) Flexibility for Areas With Populations Under 200,000.--Not 
later than 180 days after the date of the enactment of the Building 
Efficient Surface Transportation and Equity Act of 1997, the Secretary 
shall seek public comment on ways to simplify and streamline the 
administration of the formula program for urbanized areas with 
populations of less than 200,000 and shall make, to the extent feasible 
and consistent with statutory requirements, every effort to ease any 
administrative burdens thereby identified.''.
    (c) Technical Amendments.--
            (1) Section heading.--The heading for section 5334 is 
        amended by inserting ``provisions'' after ``Administrative''.
            (2) Table of sections.--The item relating to section 5334 
        in the table of sections for chapter 53 is amended by inserting 
        ``provisions'' after ``Administrative''.

SEC. 323. REPORTS AND AUDITS.

    (a) National Transit Database.--Section 5335(a) is amended--
            (1) by striking ``Reporting System and Uniform System of 
        Accounts and Records'' and inserting ``National Transit 
        Database''; and
            (2) in paragraph (1)--
                    (A) by striking ``by uniform categories,'' and 
                inserting ``using uniform categories''; and
                    (B) by striking ``and a uniform system of accounts 
                and records'' and inserting ``and using a uniform 
                system of accounts''.
    (b) Reports.--Section 5335 is further amended--
            (1) by striking subsections (b) and (c);
            (2) by redesignating subsection (d) as subsection (b); and
            (3) in such redesignated subsection by striking ``Public 
        Works and Transportation'' and inserting ``Transportation and 
        Infrastructure''.

SEC. 324. APPORTIONMENT OF APPROPRIATIONS FOR FORMULA GRANTS.

    Section 5336 is amended--
            (1) in the section heading by striking ``block grants'' and 
        inserting ``formula grants''; and
            (2) by striking subsection (d) and inserting the following:
    ``(d) Limitation on Operating Assistance and Preventive 
Maintenance.--Of the funds apportioned under this section for urbanized 
areas, such sums as may be necessary shall be available for operating 
assistance for urbanized areas with populations under 200,000, except 
that the total amount of such funds made available for such operating 
assistance and for preventive maintenance activities for urbanized 
areas that become eligible for capital assistance under section 5307 on 
the date of the enactment of the Building Efficient Surface 
Transportation and Equity Act of 1997 may not exceed $400,000,000 for 
any fiscal year.''.

SEC. 325. APPORTIONMENT OF APPROPRIATIONS FOR FIXED GUIDEWAY 
              MODERNIZATION.

    (a) Distribution.--Section 5337(a) is amended to read as follows:
    ``(a) Distribution.--The Secretary of Transportation shall 
apportion amounts made available for fixed guideway modernization under 
section 5309 for each of fiscal years 1998, 1999, and 2000, as follows:
            ``(1) The first $497,700,000 shall be apportioned in the 
        following urbanized areas as follows:
                    ``(A) Baltimore, $8,372,000.
                    ``(B) Boston, $38,948,000.
                    ``(C) Chicago/Northwestern Indiana, $78,169,000.
                    ``(D) Cleveland, $9,509,500.
                    ``(E) New Orleans, $1,730,588.
                    ``(F) New York, $176,034,461.
                    ``(G) Northeastern New Jersey, $50,604,653.
                    ``(H) Philadelphia/Southern New Jersey, 
                $58,924,764.
                    ``(I) Pittsburgh, $13,662,463.
                    ``(J) San Francisco, $33,989,571.
                    ``(K) Southwestern Connecticut, $27,755,000.
            ``(2) The next $74,849,950 shall be apportioned as follows:
                    ``(A) $4,849,950 to the Alaska Railroad for 
                improvements to its passenger operations.
                    ``(B) Of the remaining $70,000,000--
                            ``(i) 50 percent in the urbanized areas 
                        listed in paragraph (1) as provided in section 
                        5336(b)(2)(A); and
                            ``(ii) 50 percent in other urbanized areas 
                        eligible for assistance under section 
                        5336(b)(2)(A) to which amounts were apportioned 
                        under this section for fiscal year 1997, as 
                        provided in section 5336(b)(2)(A) and 
                        subsection (e) of this section.
            ``(3) The next $5,700,000 shall be apportioned in the 
        following urbanized areas as follows:
                    ``(A) Pittsburgh, 61.76 percent.
                    ``(B) Cleveland, 10.73 percent.
                    ``(C) New Orleans, 5.79 percent.
                    ``(D) 21.72 percent in urbanized areas to which 
                paragraph (2)(B)(ii) applies, as provided in section 
                5336(b)(2)(A) and subsection (e) of this section.
            ``(4) The next $186,600,000 shall be apportioned in each 
        urbanized area to which paragraph (1) applies and in each 
        urbanized area to which paragraph (2)(B) applies, as provided 
        in section 5336(b)(2)(A) and subsection (e) of this section.
            ``(5) The next $140,000,000 shall be apportioned as 
        follows:
                    ``(A) 65 percent in the urbanized areas listed in 
                paragraph (1) as provided in section 5336(b)(2)(A) and 
                subsection (e) of this section.
                    ``(B) 35 percent to other urbanized areas eligible 
                for assistance under section 5336(b)(2)(A) of this 
                title if the areas contain fixed guideway systems 
                placed in revenue service at least 7 years before the 
                fiscal year in which amounts are made available and in 
                any urbanized area if, before the first day of the 
                fiscal year, the area satisfies the Secretary that the 
                area has modernization needs that cannot adequately be 
                met with amounts received under section 5336(b)(2)(A), 
                as provided in section 5336(b)(2)(A) and subsection (e) 
                of this section.
            ``(6) The next $100,000,000 shall be apportioned as 
        follows:
                    ``(A) 60 percent in the urbanized areas listed in 
                paragraph (1) as provided in section 5336(b)(2)(A) and 
                subsection (e) of this section.
                    ``(B) 40 percent to urbanized areas to which 
                paragraph (5)(B) applies, as provided in section 
                5336(b)(2)(A) and subsection (e) of this section.
            ``(7) Remaining amounts shall be apportioned as follows:
                    ``(A) 50 percent in the urbanized areas listed in 
                paragraph (1) as provided in section 5336(b)(2)(A) and 
                subsection (e) of this section.
                    ``(B) 50 percent to urbanized areas to which 
                paragraph (5)(B) applies, as provided in section 
                5336(b)(2)(A) and subsection (e) of this section.''.
    (b) Route Segments To Be Included in Apportionment Formulas.--
Section 5337 is further amended by adding at the end the following:
    ``(e) Route Segments To Be Included in Apportionment Formulas.--(1) 
Amounts apportioned under paragraphs (2)(B), (3), and (4) of subsection 
(a) shall have attributable to each urbanized area only the number of 
fixed guideway revenue miles of service and number of fixed guideway 
route miles for segments of fixed guideway systems used to determine 
apportionments for fiscal year 1997.
    ``(2) Amounts apportioned under paragraphs (5) through (7) of 
subsection (a) shall have attributable to each urbanized area only the 
number of fixed guideway revenue miles of service and number of fixed 
guideway route-miles for segments of fixed guideway systems placed in 
revenue service at least 7 years before the fiscal year in which 
amounts are made available.''.

SEC. 326. AUTHORIZATIONS.

    (a) In General.--Section 5338 is amended to read as follows:
``Sec. 5338. Authorizations
    ``(a) Formula Grants.--
            ``(1) From the trust fund.--There shall be available from 
        the Mass Transit Account of the Highway Trust Fund to carry out 
        sections 5307, 5310, and 5311--
                    ``(A) $2,698,000,000 for fiscal year 1998;
                    ``(B) $3,213,000,000 for fiscal year 1999; and
                    ``(C) $3,553,000,000 for fiscal year 2000.
            ``(2) From the general fund.--In addition to amounts made 
        available under paragraph (1), there are authorized to be 
        appropriated to carry out sections 5307 and 5311--
                    ``(A) $290,000,000 for fiscal year 1998; and
                    ``(B) $68,000,000 for fiscal year 1999.
            ``(3) Allocation of funds.--Of the aggregate of amounts 
        made available by and appropriated under this subsection for a 
        fiscal year--
                    ``(A) 2.4 percent shall be available to provide 
                transportation services to elderly individuals and 
                individuals with disabilities under section 5310;
                    ``(B) 5.37 percent shall be available to provide 
                financial assistance for other than urbanized areas 
                under section 5311; and
                    ``(C) 92.23 percent shall be available to provide 
                financial assistance for urbanized areas under section 
                5307.
    ``(b) Capital Program Grants and Loans.--There shall be available 
from the Mass Transit Account of the Highway Trust Fund to carry out 
section 5309:
            ``(1) $2,197,000,000 for fiscal year 1998.
            ``(2) $2,412,000,000 for fiscal year 1999.
            ``(3) $2,613,000,000 for fiscal year 2000.
    ``(c) Planning.--
            ``(1) From the trust fund.--There shall be available from 
        the Mass Transit Account of the Highway Trust Fund to carry out 
        sections 5303, 5304, 5305, and 5313(b) $54,000,000 for fiscal 
        year 2000.
            ``(2) From the general fund.--There are authorized to be 
        appropriated to carry out sections 5303, 5304, 5305, and 
        5313(b)--
                    ``(A) $48,000,000 for fiscal year 1998; and
                    ``(B) $52,000,000 for fiscal year 1999.
            ``(3) Allocation of funds.--Of the funds made available by 
        or appropriated under this subsection for a fiscal year--
                    ``(A) 82.72 percent shall be available for 
                metropolitan planning under sections 5303, 5304, and 
                5305; and
                    ``(B) 17.28 percent shall be available for State 
                planning under section 5313(b).
    ``(d) Research.--
            ``(1) From the trust fund.--There shall be available from 
        the Mass Transit Account of the Highway Trust Fund to carry out 
        sections 5311(b)(2), 5312, 5313(a), 5314, 5315, and 5322 
        $38,000,000 for fiscal year 2000.
            ``(2) From the general fund.--There are authorized to be 
        appropriated to carry out sections 5311(b)(2), 5312, 5313(a), 
        5314, 5315, and 5322 $38,000,000 per fiscal year for fiscal 
        years 1998 and 1999.
            ``(3) Allocation of funds.--Of the funds made available by 
        or appropriated under this subsection for a fiscal year--
                    ``(A) not less than $5,250,000 shall be available 
                for providing rural transportation assistance under 
                section 5311(b)(2);
                    ``(B) not less than $8,250,000 shall be available 
                for carrying out transit cooperative research programs 
                under section 5313(a);
                    ``(C) not less than $3,000,000 shall be available 
                to carry out programs under the National Transit 
                Institute under section 5315; and
                    ``(D) the remainder shall be available for carrying 
                out national planning and research programs under 
                sections 5311(b)(2), 5312, 5313(a), 5314, and 5322.
    ``(e) University Transportation Research.--
            ``(1) From the trust fund.--There shall be available from 
        the Mass Transit Account of the Highway Trust Fund to carry out 
        section 5505 $6,000,000 for fiscal year 2000.
            ``(2) From the general fund.--There is authorized to be 
        appropriated to carry out section 5505 $6,000,000 per fiscal 
        year for fiscal years 1998 and 1999.
    ``(f) Administration.--
            ``(1) From the trust fund.--There shall be available from 
        the Mass Transit Account of the Highway Trust Fund for 
        administrative expenses to carry out section 5334 $52,000,000 
        for fiscal year 2000.
            ``(2) From the general fund.--There is authorized to be 
        appropriated for administrative expenses to carry out section 
        5334--
                    ``(A) $46,000,000 for fiscal year 1998; and
                    ``(B) $50,000,000 for fiscal year 1999.
    ``(g) Grants as Contractual Obligations.--
            ``(1) Grants financed from the highway trust fund.--A grant 
        or contract approved by the Secretary, that is financed with 
        amounts made available under subsection (a)(1), (b), (c)(1), 
        (d)(1), or (e)(1), is a contractual obligation of the United 
        States Government to pay the Government's share of the cost of 
        the project.
            ``(2) Grants financed from general funds.--A grant or 
        contract, approved by the Secretary, that is financed with 
        amounts made available under subsection (a)(2), (c)(2), (d)(2), 
        or (e)(2), is a contractual obligation of the Government to pay 
        the Government's share of the cost of the project only to the 
        extent amounts are provided in advance in an appropriations 
        law.
    ``(h) Availability of Amounts.--Amounts made available by or 
appropriated under subsections (a) through (e) shall remain available 
until expended.''.
    (b) Conforming Amendments.--Chapter 53 is amended as follows:
            (1) In sections 5303(h)(1), 5303(h)(2)(A), and 
        5303(h)(3)(A) by striking ``5338(g)(1)'' and inserting 
        ``5338(c)(3)(A)''.
            (2) In section 5303(h)(1) by striking ``-5306'' and 
        inserting ``and 5305''.
            (3) In section 5303(h)(4) by striking ``5338(g)'' and 
        inserting ``5338(c)(3)(A)''.
            (4) In section 5309(g)(4) by striking ``5338(a)'' and 
        inserting ``5338(b)''.
            (5) In section 5310(b) by striking ``5338(a)'' and 
        inserting ``5338(a)(3)(A)''.
            (6) In section 5311(c) by striking ``5338(a)'' and 
        inserting ``5338(a)(3)(B)''.
            (7) In section 5313(a)(1) by striking ``section 
        5338(g)(3)'' and inserting ``sections 5338(d)(3)(B) and 
        5338(d)(3)(D)''.
            (8) In section 5313(b)(1) by striking ``5338(g)(3)'' and 
        inserting ``5338(c)(3)(B)''.
            (9) In section 5314(a)(1) by striking ``5338(g)(4)'' and 
        inserting ``5338(d)(3)(D)''.
            (10) In section 5318(d) by striking ``5338(j)(5)'' and 
        inserting ``5309(m)(3)(B)''.
            (11) In section 5333(b) by striking ``5338(j)(5)'' each 
        place it appears and inserting ``5338(b)''.
            (12) In section 5336(a) by striking ``5338(f)'' and 
        inserting ``5338(a)(3)(C)''.
            (13) In section 5336(d)(2) by striking ``5338(f)'' each 
        place it appears and inserting ``5338(a)(3)(C)''.
            (14) In section 5336(e)(1) by striking ``5338(f)'' and 
        inserting ``5338(a)(3)(C)''.

SEC. 327. OBLIGATION CEILING.

    (a) Capital Program Grants and Loans.--Notwithstanding any other 
provision of law, the total of all obligations from amounts made 
available from the Mass Transit Account of the Highway Trust Fund by 
section 5338(b) of title 49, United States Code, shall not exceed--
            (1) $2,197,000,000 in fiscal year 1998;
            (2) $2,412,000,000 in fiscal year 1999; and
            (3) $2,613,000,000 in fiscal year 2000.
    (b) Formula Grants, Planning, Research, and Administration.--
Notwithstanding any other provision of law, the total of all 
obligations from amounts made available from the Mass Transit Account 
of the Highway Trust Fund by subsections (a), (c), (d), (e), and (f) of 
section 5338 of title 49, United States Code, shall not exceed--
            (1) $2,698,000,000 in fiscal year 1998;
            (2) $3,213,000,000 in fiscal year 1999; and
            (3) $3,703,000,000 in fiscal year 2000.

SEC. 328. ACCESS TO JOBS CHALLENGE GRANT PILOT PROGRAM.

    (a) General Authority.--The Secretary may make grants under this 
section to assist States, local governmental authorities, and nonprofit 
organizations in financing transportation services designed to 
transport welfare recipients to and from jobs and activities related to 
their employment. The Secretary shall coordinate activities under this 
section with related activities under programs of other Federal 
departments and agencies.
    (b) Grant Criteria.--In selecting applicants for grants under this 
section, the Secretary shall consider the following:
            (1) The percentage of the population in the area to be 
        served that are welfare recipients.
            (2) The need for additional services to transport welfare 
        recipients to and from specified jobs, training, and other 
        employment support services, and the extent to which the 
        proposed services will address those needs.
            (3) The extent to which the applicant demonstrates 
        coordination with, and the financial commitment of, existing 
        transportation service providers.
            (4) The extent to which the applicant demonstrates maximum 
        utilization of existing transportation service providers and 
        expands existing transit networks or hours of service or both.
            (5) The extent to which the applicant demonstrates an 
        innovative approach that is responsive to identified service 
        needs.
            (6) The extent to which the applicant presents a 
        comprehensive approach to addressing the needs of welfare 
        recipients and identifies long-term financing strategies to 
        support the services under this section.
    (c) Eligible Projects.--The Secretary may make grants under this 
section for--
            (1) capital projects and to finance operating costs of 
        equipment, facilities, and associated capital maintenance items 
        related to providing access to jobs under this section;
            (2) promoting the use of transit by workers with 
        nontraditional work schedules;
            (3) promoting the use by appropriate agencies of transit 
        vouchers for welfare recipients under specific terms and 
        conditions developed by the Secretary; and
            (4) promoting the use of employer-provided transportation 
        including the transit pass benefit program under subsections 
        (a) and (f) of section 132 of title 26, United States Code.
No planning or coordination activities are eligible for assistance 
under this section.
    (d) Competitive Grant Selection.--The Secretary shall conduct a 
national solicitation for applications for grants under this section. 
Grantees shall be selected on a competitive basis. The Secretary shall 
select not more than 10 demonstration projects for the pilot program, 
including 6 projects from urbanized areas with populations of at least 
200,000, 2 projects from urbanized areas with populations less than 
200,000, and 2 projects from other than urbanized areas.
    (e) Federal Share of Costs.--The Federal share of costs under this 
section shall be provided from funds appropriated to carry out this 
section. The Federal share of the costs for a project under this 
section shall not exceed 50 percent of the net project cost. The 
remainder shall be provided in cash from sources other than revenues 
from providing mass transportation. Funds appropriated to a Federal 
department or agency (other than the Department of Transportation) and 
eligible to be used for transportation may be used toward the 
nongovernment share payable on a project under this section.
    (f) Planning Requirements.--The requirements of sections 5303 
through 5306 of title 49, United States Code, apply to grants made 
under this section. Applications must reflect coordination with and the 
approval of affected transit grant recipients and the projects financed 
must be part of a coordinated public transit-human services 
transportation planning process.
    (g) Grant Requirements.--A grant under this section shall be 
subject to all of the terms and conditions of grants made under section 
5307 of title 49, United States Code, and such terms and conditions as 
determined by the Secretary.
    (h) Program Evaluation.--
            (1) Comptroller general.--Six months after the date of the 
        enactment of this Act and each 6 months thereafter, the 
        Comptroller General shall conduct a study to evaluate the 
        access to jobs program conducted under this section and 
        transmit to the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure 
        of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Banking, 
        Housing, and Urban Affairs of the Senate the results of the 
        study.
            (2) Department of transportation.--The Secretary shall 
        conduct a study to evaluate the access to jobs program 
        conducted under this section and transmit to the Committee on 
        Transportation and Infrastructure of the House of 
        Representatives and the Committee on Banking, Housing, and 
        Urban Affairs of the Senate the results of the study within 2 
        years of the date of the enactment of this Act.
    (i) Definitions.--In this section, the following definitions apply:
            (1) Capital project and urbanized area.--The terms 
        ``capital project'' and ``urbanized area'' have the meaning 
        such terms have under section 5302 of title 49, United States 
        Code.
            (2) Existing transportation service providers.--The term 
        ``existing transportation service providers'' means mass 
        transportation operators and governmental agencies and 
        nonprofit organizations that receive assistance from Federal, 
        State, or local sources for nonemergency transportation 
        services.
            (3) Welfare recipient.--The term ``welfare recipient'' 
        means an individual who receives or received aid or assistance 
        under a State program funded under part A of title IV of the 
        Social Security Act (whether in effect before or after the 
        effective date of the amendments made by title I of the 
        Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act 
        of 1996) at any time during the 3-year period ending on the 
        date the applicant applies for a grant under this section.
    (j) Funding.--There is authorized to be appropriated to carry out 
this section $42,000,000 per fiscal year for fiscal years 1998, 1999, 
and 2000. Such sums shall remain available until expended.

SEC. 329. SENSE OF THE COMMITTEE REGARDING THE MASS TRANSIT ACCOUNT.

    It is the sense of the Committee on Transportation and 
Infrastructure of the House of Representatives that the limitation on 
the Mass Transit Account of the Highway Trust Fund under section 
9503(e)(4) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 with regard to the mass 
transit portion of receipts should be 24 months.

SEC. 330. PROJECT MANAGEMENT OVERSIGHT.

    (a) Study.--The Comptroller General shall conduct a study of the 
Secretary of Transportation's implementation of project management 
oversight under section 5327 of title 49, United States Code.
    (b) Contents.--The study shall include the following:
            (1) A listing of the amounts made available under section 
        5327(c)(1) of title 49, United States Code, for project 
        management oversight in each of fiscal years 1992 through 1997 
        and a description of the activities funded using such amounts.
            (2) A description of the major capital projects subject to 
        project management oversight, including the grant amounts for 
        such projects.
            (3) A description of the contracts entered into for project 
        management oversight, including the scope of work and dollar 
        amounts of such contracts.
            (4) A determination of whether the project management 
        oversight activities conducted by the Secretary are authorized 
        under section 5327.
            (5) A description of any cost savings or program 
        improvements resulting from project management oversight.
            (6) Recommendations regarding any changes that would 
        improve the project management oversight function.
    (c) Report.--Not later than 12 months after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the Comptroller General shall transmit to the 
Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of the House of 
Representatives and the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban 
Affairs of the Senate a report containing the results of the study.

SEC. 331. PRIVATIZATION.

    (a) Study.--Not later than 3 months after the date of the enactment 
of this Act, the Secretary shall enter into an agreement with the 
Transportation Research Board of the National Academy of Sciences to 
conduct a study of the effect of privatization or contracting out mass 
transportation operation and administrative functions on cost, 
availability and level of service, efficiency, safety, quality of 
services provided to transit-dependent populations, and employer-
employee relations.
    (b) Terms of Agreement.--The agreement entered into in subsection 
(a) shall provide that--
            (1) the Transportation Research Board, in conducting the 
        study, consider the number of grant recipients that have 
        privatized or contracted out services, the size of the 
        population served by such grant recipients, the basis for 
        decisions regarding privatization or contracting out, and the 
        extent to which contracting out was affected by the integration 
        and coordination of resources of transit agencies and other 
        Federal agencies and programs; and
            (2) the panel conducting the study shall include 
        representatives of transit agencies, employees of transit 
        agencies, private contractors, academic and policy analysts, 
        and other interested persons.
    (c) Report.--Not later than 24 months after the date of entry into 
the agreement under subsection (a), the Secretary shall transmit to the 
Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of the House of 
Representatives and the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban 
Affairs of the Senate a report containing the results of the study.

SEC. 332. SCHOOL TRANSPORTATION SAFETY.

    (a) Study.--Not later than 3 months after the date of the enactment 
of this Act, the Secretary shall enter into an agreement with the 
Transportation Research Board of the National Academy of Sciences to 
conduct a study of the safety issues attendant to transportation of 
school children to and from school and school-related activities by 
various transportation modes.
    (b) Terms of Agreement.--The agreement entered into in subsection 
(a) shall provide that--
            (1) the Transportation Research Board, in conducting the 
        study, consider--
                    (A) in consultation with the National 
                Transportation Safety Board, the Bureau of 
                Transportation Statistics, and other relevant entities, 
                available crash injury data, and if unavailable or 
                insufficient, recommend a new data collection regimen 
                and implementation guidelines; and
                    (B) vehicle design and driver training 
                requirements, routing, and operational factors that 
                affect safety and other factors that the Secretary 
                considers appropriate; and
            (2) the panel conducting the study shall include 
        representatives of highway safety organizations, school 
        transportation, mass transportation operators, employee 
        organizations, academic and policy analysts, and other 
        interested parties.
    (c) Report.--Not later than 12 months after the date of entry into 
the agreement under subsection (a), the Secretary shall transmit to the 
Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of the House of 
Representatives and the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban 
Affairs of the Senate a report containing the results of the study.

SEC. 333. URBANIZED AREA FORMULA STUDY.

    (a) Study.--The Secretary shall conduct a study to determine 
whether the current formula for apportioning funds to urbanized areas 
accurately reflects the transit needs of the urbanized areas and if not 
whether any changes should be made either to the formula or through 
some other mechanism to reflect the fact that some urbanized areas with 
a population between 50,000 and 200,000 have transit systems that carry 
more passengers per mile or hour than the average of those transit 
systems in urbanized areas with a population over 200,000.
    (b) Report.--Not later than December 31, 1999, the Secretary shall 
transmit to the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of the 
House of Representatives and the Committee on Banking, Housing, and 
Urban Affairs of the Senate a report on the results of the study 
conducted under this section together with any proposed changes to the 
method for apportioning funds to urbanized areas with a population over 
50,000.

SEC. 334. COORDINATED TRANSPORTATION SERVICES.

    (a) Study.--The Comptroller General shall conduct a study of 
Federal departments and agencies (other than the Department of 
Transportation) that receive Federal financial assistance for non-
emergency transportation services.
    (b) Contents.--In conducting the study, the Comptroller General 
shall--
            (1) identify each Federal department and agency (other than 
        the Department of Transportation) that has received Federal 
        financial assistance for non-emergency transportation services 
        in any of the 3 fiscal years preceding the date of the 
        enactment of this Act;
            (2) identify the amount of such assistance received by each 
        Federal department and agency in such fiscal years; and
            (3) identify the projects and activities funded using such 
        financial assistance.
    (c) Report.--Not later than 1 year after the date of the enactment 
of this Act, the Comptroller General shall transmit to the Committee on 
Transportation and Infrastructure of the House of Representatives and 
the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs of the Senate a 
report containing the results of the study and any recommendations for 
enhanced coordination between the Department of Transportation and 
other Federal departments and agencies that provide funding for non-
emergency transportation.

                     TITLE IV--MOTOR CARRIER SAFETY

SEC. 401. AMENDMENTS TO TITLE 49, UNITED STATES CODE.

    Except as otherwise specifically provided, whenever in this title 
an amendment or repeal is expressed in terms of an amendment to, or 
repeal of, a section or other provision of law, the reference shall be 
considered to be made to a section or other provision of title 49, 
United States Code.

SEC. 402. STATE GRANTS.

    (a) Objective and Definitions.--Section 31101 is amended--
            (1) by striking
``Sec. 31101. Definitions''
and inserting the following:
``Sec. 31101. Objective and definitions'';
            (2) in paragraph (1)(A)--
                    (A) by inserting ``or gross vehicle weight'' after 
                ``rating''; and
                    (B) by striking ``10,000 pounds'' and inserting 
                ``10,001 pounds, whichever is greater'';
            (3) in paragraph (1)(C) by inserting ``and transported in a 
        quantity requiring placarding under regulations prescribed by 
        the Secretary under section 5103'' after ``title'';
            (4) by striking ``In this subchapter--'' and inserting the 
        following:
    ``(b) Definitions.--In this subchapter the following definitions 
apply:''; and
            (5) by inserting after the section heading the following:
    ``(a) Objective.--The objective of this subchapter is to ensure 
that the Secretary, States, and other political jurisdictions establish 
programs to improve motor carrier, commercial motor vehicle, and driver 
safety to support a safe and efficient transportation system by--
            ``(1) promoting safe for-hire and private transportation, 
        including transportation of passengers and hazardous materials, 
        to reduce the number and severity of commercial motor vehicle 
        crashes;
            ``(2) developing and enforcing effective, compatible, and 
        cost-beneficial motor carrier, commercial motor vehicle, and 
        driver safety regulations and practices, including enforcement 
        of State and local traffic safety laws and regulations;
            ``(3) assessing and improving statewide program performance 
        by setting program outcome goals, improving problem 
        identification and countermeasures planning, designing 
        appropriate performance standards, measures, and benchmarks, 
        improving performance information, and monitoring program 
        effectiveness;
            ``(4) ensuring that drivers of commercial motor vehicles 
        and enforcement personnel obtain adequate training in safe 
        operational practices and regulatory requirements; and
            ``(5) advancing promising technologies and encouraging 
        adoption of safe operational practices.''.
    (b) Performance-Based Grants and Hazardous Materials Transportation 
Safety.--Section 31102 is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a)--
                    (A) by inserting ``improving motor carrier safety 
                and'' after ``programs for''; and
                    (B) by inserting ``, hazardous materials 
                transportation safety,'' after ``commercial motor 
                vehicle safety''; and
            (2) in the first sentence of paragraph (b)(1)--
                    (A) by striking ``adopt and assume responsibility 
                for enforcing'' and inserting ``assume responsibility 
                for improving motor carrier safety and to adopt and 
                enforce''; and
                    (B) by inserting ``, hazardous materials 
                transportation safety,'' after ``commercial motor 
                vehicle safety''.
    (c) Contents of State Plans.--Section 31102(b)(1) is amended--
            (1) in subparagraph (J) by inserting ``(1)'' after ``(c)'';
            (2) by striking subparagraphs (K), (L), (M), and (N) and 
        inserting the following:
                    ``(K) ensures consistent, effective, and reasonable 
                sanctions;
                    ``(L) ensures that the State agency will coordinate 
                the plan, data collection, and information systems with 
                State highway safety programs under title 23;
                    ``(M) ensures participation in motor carrier, 
                commercial motor vehicle, and driver information 
                systems by all appropriate jurisdictions receiving 
                funding under this section;
                    ``(N) implements performance-based activities by 
                fiscal year 2003;'';
            (3) in subparagraph (O)--
                    (A) by inserting after ``activities'' the 
                following: ``in support of national priorities and 
                performance goals, including'';
                    (B) by striking ``to remove'' in clause (i) and 
                inserting ``activities aimed at removing'';
                    (C) by striking ``to provide'' in clause (ii) and 
                inserting ``activities aimed at providing''; and
                    (D) by inserting ``and'' after the semicolon at the 
                end of clause (ii); and
                    (E) by striking clauses (iii) and (iv) and 
                inserting the following:
                            ``(iii) interdiction activities affecting 
                        the transportation of controlled substances by 
                        commercial motor vehicle drivers and training 
                        on appropriate strategies for carrying out 
                        those interdiction activities;'';
            (4) by striking subparagraph (P) and inserting the 
        following:
                    ``(P) provides that the State will establish a 
                program to ensure the proper and timely correction of 
                commercial motor vehicle safety violations noted during 
                an inspection carried out with funds authorized under 
                section 31104;'';
            (5) by striking the period at the end of subparagraph (Q) 
        and inserting ``; and''; and
            (6) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(R) ensures that roadside inspections will be 
                conducted only at a distance that is adequate to 
                protect the safety of drivers and enforcement 
                personnel.''.
    (d) United States Government's Share of Costs.--The first sentence 
of section 31103 is amended by inserting ``improve commercial motor 
vehicle safety and'' before ``enforce''.
    (e) Availability of Amounts.--Section 31104(a) of such title is 
amended to read as follows:
    ``(a) In General.--The following amounts are made available from 
the Highway Trust Fund (other than the Mass Transit Account) for the 
Secretary of Transportation to incur obligations to carry out section 
31102:
            ``(1) Not more than $78,000,000 for fiscal year 1998.
            ``(2) Not more than $110,000,000 for fiscal year 1999.
            ``(3) Not more than $130,000,000 for fiscal year 2000.''
    (f) Conforming Amendment.--Section 31104(b) is amended by striking 
``(1)'' and by striking paragraph (2).
    (g) Allocation Criteria and Eligibility.--Section 31104 is further 
amended--
            (1) by striking subsections (f) and (g) and inserting the 
        following:
    ``(f) Allocation Criteria and Eligibility.--
            ``(1) In general.--On October 1 of each fiscal year or as 
        soon after that date as practicable and after making the 
        deduction under subsection (e), the Secretary shall allocate 
        amounts made available to carry out section 31102 for such 
        fiscal year among the States with plans approved under section 
        31102. Such allocation shall be made under such criteria as the 
        Secretary prescribes by regulation.
            ``(2) High-priority activities and projects.--The Secretary 
        may designate up to 5 percent of amounts available for 
        allocation under paragraph (1) to reimburse--
                    ``(A) States for carrying out high priority 
                activities and projects that improve commercial motor 
                vehicle safety and compliance with commercial motor 
                vehicle safety regulations, including activities and 
                projects that are national in scope, increase public 
                awareness and education, or demonstrate new 
                technologies; and
                    ``(B) local governments and other persons that use 
                trained and qualified officers and employees, for 
                carrying out activities and projects described in 
                subparagraph (A) in coordination with State motor 
                vehicle safety agencies.'';
            (2) by redesignating subsection (h) as subsection (g);
            (3) by striking subsection (i);
            (4) by redesignating subsection (j) as subsection (h); and
            (5) in the first sentence of subsection (h), as so 
        redesignated, by striking ``tolerance''.
    (h) Conforming Amendment.--The table of sections for chapter 311 is 
amended by striking the item relating to section 31101 and inserting 
the following:

``31101. Objective and definitions.''.

SEC. 403. INFORMATION SYSTEMS.

    (a) In General.--Section 31106 is amended to read as follows:
``Sec. 31106. Information systems
    ``(a) Information Systems and Data Analysis.--
            ``(1) In general.--Subject to the provisions of this 
        section, the Secretary shall establish and operate motor 
        carrier, commercial motor vehicle, and driver information 
        systems and data analysis programs to support safety activities 
        required under this title.
            ``(2) Coordination into network.--In cooperation with the 
        States, the information systems under this section shall be 
        coordinated into a network providing identification of motor 
        carriers and drivers, commercial motor vehicle registration and 
        license tracking, and motor carrier, commercial motor vehicle, 
        and driver safety performance data.
            ``(3) Data analysis capacity and programs.-- The Secretary 
        shall develop and maintain under this section data analysis 
        capacity and programs that provide the means to--
                    ``(A) identify and collect necessary motor carrier, 
                commercial motor vehicle, and driver data;
                    ``(B) evaluate the safety fitness of motor 
                carriers, commercial motor vehicles, and drivers;
                    ``(C) develop strategies to mitigate safety 
                problems and to measure the effectiveness of such 
                strategies and related programs;
                    ``(D) determine the cost-effectiveness of Federal 
                and State safety and enforcement programs and other 
                countermeasures; and
                    ``(E) adapt, improve, and incorporate other 
                information and information systems as the Secretary 
                determines appropriate.
            ``(4) Standards.--To implement this section, the Secretary 
        may prescribe technical and operational standards to ensure--
                    ``(A) uniform, timely, and accurate information 
                collection and reporting by the States and other 
                entities;
                    ``(B) uniform Federal, State, and local policies 
                and procedures; and
                    ``(C) the reliability and availability of the 
                information to the Secretary, States, and others as the 
                Secretary determines appropriate.
    ``(b) Performance and Registration Information Program.--
            ``(1) Information clearinghouse.--The Secretary shall 
        include, as part of the information systems authorized by this 
        section, a program to establish and maintain a clearinghouse 
        and repository of information related to State registration and 
        licensing of commercial motor vehicles and the motor carriers 
        operating the vehicles. The clearinghouse and repository shall 
        include information on the safety fitness of each motor carrier 
        and registrant and other information the Secretary considers 
        appropriate, including information on motor carrier, commercial 
        motor vehicle, and driver safety performance.
            ``(2) Design.--The program shall link Federal safety 
        information systems with State registration and licensing 
        systems and shall be designed to enable a State to--
                    ``(A) determine the safety fitness of a motor 
                carrier or registrant when licensing or registering the 
                motor carrier or commercial motor vehicle or while the 
                license or registration is in effect; and
                    ``(B) decide, in cooperation with the Secretary, 
                whether and what types of sanctions or operating 
                limitations to impose on the motor carrier or 
                registrant to ensure safety.
            ``(3) Conditions for participation.--The Secretary shall 
        require States, as a condition of participation in the program, 
        to--
                    ``(A) comply with the technical and operational 
                standards prescribed by the Secretary under subsection 
                (a)(4); and
                    ``(B) possess or seek authority to impose 
                commercial motor vehicle registration sanctions or 
                operating limitations on the basis of a Federal safety 
                fitness determination.
            ``(4) Funding.--Of the amounts made available under section 
        31107, not more than $6,000,000 in each of fiscal years 1998, 
        1999, and 2000 may be used to carry out this subsection.
    ``(c) Commercial Motor Vehicle Driver Safety Program.--In 
coordination with the information system under section 31309, the 
Secretary is authorized to establish a program to improve commercial 
motor vehicle driver safety. The objectives of the program shall 
include--
            ``(1) enhancing the exchange of driver licensing 
        information among the States and among the States, the Federal 
        Government, and foreign countries;
            ``(2) providing information to the judicial system on 
        commercial motor vehicle drivers;
            ``(3) evaluating any aspect of driver performance that the 
        Secretary determines appropriate; and
            ``(4) developing appropriate strategies and countermeasures 
        to improve driver safety.
    ``(d) Cooperative Agreements, Grants, and Contracts.--The Secretary 
may carry out this section either independently or in cooperation with 
other Federal departments, agencies, and instrumentalities, or by 
making grants to, and entering into contracts and cooperative 
agreements with, States, local governments, associations, institutions, 
corporations, and other persons.
    ``(e) Information Availability and Privacy Protection.--
            ``(1) Availability of information.--The Secretary shall 
        make data collected in systems and through programs under this 
        section available to the public to the maximum extent 
        permissible under the Privacy Act of 1974 (5 U.S.C. 552a) and 
        the Freedom of Information Act (5 U.S.C. 552).
            ``(2) Review of data.--The Secretary shall allow 
        individuals and motor carriers to whom the data pertains to 
        review periodically such data and to request corrections or 
        clarifications.
            ``(3) State and local officials.--State and local safety 
        and enforcement officials shall have access to data made 
        available under this subsection to the same extent as Federal 
        safety and enforcement officials.''.
    (b) Authorization of Appropriations.--Section 31107 is amended to 
read as follows:
``Sec. 31107. Authorization of appropriations for information systems
    ``(a) In General.--There shall be available from the Highway Trust 
Fund (other than the Mass Transit Account) to carry out sections 31106 
and 31309 of this title--
            ``(1) $7,000,000 for fiscal year 1998;
            ``(2) $15,000,000 for fiscal year 1999; and
            ``(3) $20,000,000 for fiscal year 2000.
The amounts made available under this subsection shall remain available 
until expended.
    ``(b) Contract Authority.--Approval by the Secretary of a grant 
with funds made available under this section imposes upon the United 
States Government a contractual obligation for payment of the 
Government's share of costs incurred in carrying out the objectives of 
the grant.''.
    (c) Subchapter Heading.--The heading for subchapter I of chapter 
311 is amended by inserting after ``GRANTS'' the following: ``AND OTHER 
COMMERCIAL MOTOR VEHICLE PROGRAMS''.
    (d) Conforming Amendments.--The table of sections for chapter 311 
is amended--
            (1) by striking

                     ``SUBCHAPTER I--STATE GRANTS''

         and inserting

    ``SUBCHAPTER I--STATE GRANTS AND OTHER COMMERCIAL MOTOR VEHICLE 
                              PROGRAMS'';

            (2) by striking the item relating to section 31106 and 
        inserting the following:

``31106.  Information systems.''; and
            (3) by striking the item relating to section 31107 and 
        inserting the following:

``31107. Authorization of appropriations for information systems.''.

SEC. 404. AUTOMOBILE TRANSPORTER DEFINED.

    Section 31111(a) is amended--
            (1) by striking ``section--'' and inserting ``section, the 
        following definitions apply:'';
            (2) by inserting after ``(1)'' the following: ``Maxi-cube 
        vehicle.--The term'';
            (3) by inserting after ``(2)'' the following: ``Truck 
        tractor.--The term'';
            (4) by redesignating paragraphs (1) and (2) as paragraphs 
        (2) and (3), respectively; and
            (5) by inserting before paragraph (2), as so redesignated, 
        the following:
            ``(1) Automobile transporter.--The term `automobile 
        transporter' means any vehicle combination designed and used 
        specifically for the transport of assembled highway 
        vehicles.''.

SEC. 405. INSPECTIONS AND REPORTS.

    (a) General Powers of the Secretary.--Section 31133(a)(1) is 
amended by inserting ``and make contracts for'' after ``conduct''.
    (b) Reports and Records.--Section 504(c) is amended by inserting 
``(and, in the case of a motor carrier, a contractor)'' before the 
second comma.

SEC. 406. EXEMPTIONS AND PILOT PROGRAMS.

    (a) In General.--Section 31315 is amended to read as follows:
``Sec. 31315. Exemptions and pilot programs
    ``(a) Exemptions.--
            ``(1) In general.--Upon receipt of a request pursuant to 
        paragraph (3), the Secretary of Transportation may grant to a 
        person or class of persons an exemption from a regulation 
        prescribed under this chapter or section 31136 if the Secretary 
        finds such exemption would likely achieve a level of safety 
        equal to or greater than the level that would be achieved 
        absent such exemption. An exemption may be granted for no 
        longer than 2 years from its approval date. A person may 
        request a renewal of an exemption.
            ``(2) Authority to revoke exemption.--The Secretary shall 
        immediately revoke an exemption if the person fails to comply 
        with the terms and conditions of such exemption or if 
        continuation of the exemption would not be consistent with the 
        goals and objectives of this chapter or section 31136, as the 
        case may be.
            ``(3) Requests for exemption.--Not later than 180 days 
        after the date of the enactment of this section and after 
        notice and an opportunity for public comment, the Secretary 
        shall specify by regulation the procedures by which a person 
        may request an exemption. Such regulations shall, at a minimum, 
        require the person to provide the following information for 
        each exemption request:
                    ``(A) The provisions from which the person requests 
                exemption.
                    ``(B) The time period during which the exemption 
                would apply.
                    ``(C) An analysis of the safety impacts the 
                exemption may cause.
                    ``(D) The specific countermeasures the person would 
                undertake, if the exemption were granted, to ensure an 
                equal or greater level of safety than would be achieved 
                absent the exemption.
            ``(4) Notice and comment.--
                    ``(A) Upon receipt of a request.--Upon receipt of 
                an exemption request, the Secretary shall publish in 
                the Federal Register a notice explaining the request 
                that has been filed and shall give the public an 
                opportunity to inspect the safety analysis and any 
                other relevant information known to the Secretary and 
                to comment on the request. This subparagraph does not 
                require the release of information protected by law 
                from public disclosure.
                    ``(B) Upon granting a request.--Upon granting a 
                request for exemption, the Secretary shall publish in 
                the Federal Register the name of the person granted the 
                exemption, the provisions from which the person will be 
                exempt, the effective period, and all terms and 
                conditions of the exemption.
                    ``(C) Upon denying a request.--Upon denying a 
                request for exemption, the Secretary shall publish in 
                the Federal Register the name of the person denied the 
                exemption and the reasons for such denial.
            ``(5) Applications to be dealt with promptly.--The 
        Secretary shall grant or deny an exemption request after a 
        thorough review of its safety implications, but in no case 
        later than 180 days after the filing date of such request, or 
        the Secretary shall publish in the Federal Register the reason 
        for the delay in decision and an estimate of when the decision 
        will be made.
            ``(6) Terms and conditions.--The Secretary shall establish 
        terms and conditions for each exemption to ensure that it will 
        likely achieve a level of safety equal to or greater than the 
        level that would be achieved absent such exemption. The 
        Secretary shall monitor the implementation of the exemption to 
        ensure compliance with its terms and conditions.
            ``(7) Notification of state compliance and enforcement 
        personnel.--Before granting a request for exemption, the 
        Secretary shall notify State safety compliance and enforcement 
        personnel, including roadside inspectors, and the public that a 
        person will be operating pursuant to an exemption and any terms 
        and conditions that will apply to the exemption.
    ``(b) Pilot Programs.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary may conduct pilot programs 
        to evaluate innovative approaches to motor carrier, vehicle, 
        and driver safety. Such pilot programs may include exemptions 
        from a regulation prescribed under this chapter or section 
        31136 if the pilot program contains, at a minimum, the elements 
        described in paragraph (2). The Secretary shall publish in the 
        Federal Register a detailed description of the program and the 
        exemptions to be considered and provide notice and an 
        opportunity for public comment before the effective date of any 
        exemptions.
            ``(2) Program elements.--In proposing a pilot program and 
        before granting exemptions for purposes of a pilot program, the 
        Secretary shall include, at a minimum, the following elements 
        in each pilot program plan:
                    ``(A) A program scheduled life of not more than 3 
                years.
                    ``(B) A scientifically valid methodology and study 
                design, including a specific data collection and 
                analysis plan, that identifies appropriate control 
                groups for comparison.
                    ``(C) The fewest participants necessary to yield 
                statistically valid findings.
                    ``(D) Observance of appropriate ethical protocols 
                for the use of human subjects in field experiments.
                    ``(E) An oversight plan to ensure that participants 
                comply with the terms and conditions of participation.
                    ``(F) Adequate countermeasures to protect the 
                health and safety of study participants and the general 
                public.
                    ``(G) A plan to inform State partners and the 
                public about the pilot program and to identify approved 
                participants to safety compliance and enforcement 
                personnel and to the public.
            ``(3) Authority to revoke participation.--The Secretary 
        shall immediately revoke participation in a pilot program of a 
        motor carrier, vehicle, or driver for failure to comply with 
        the terms and conditions of the pilot program or if continued 
        participation would not be consistent with the goals and 
        objectives of this chapter or section 31136, as the case may 
        be.
            ``(4) Authority to terminate program.--The Secretary shall 
        immediately terminate a pilot program if its continuation would 
        not be consistent with the goals and objectives of this chapter 
        or section 31136, as the case may be.
            ``(5) Report to congress.--At the conclusion of each pilot 
        program, the Secretary shall promptly report to Congress the 
        findings, conclusions, and recommendations of the program, 
        including suggested amendments to law or regulation that would 
        enhance motor carrier, vehicle, and driver safety and improve 
        compliance with national safety standards.
    ``(c) Preemption of State Rules.--During the time period that an 
exemption or pilot program is in effect under this section, no State 
shall enforce any law or regulation that conflicts with or is 
inconsistent with an exemption or pilot program with respect to a 
person exercising the exemption or participating in the pilot 
program.''.
    (b) Table of Sections.--The table of sections for chapter 313 is 
amended by striking the item relating to section 31315 and inserting 
the following:

``31315. Exemptions and pilot programs.''.
    (c) Conforming Amendment.--Section 31136(e) is amended to read as 
follows:
    ``(e) Exemptions.--The Secretary may grant exemptions from any 
regulation prescribed under this section in accordance with section 
31315.''.
    (d) Protection of Existing Exemptions.--The amendments made by 
subsections (a) and (c) of this section shall not apply to or otherwise 
affect an exemption or waiver in effect on the day before the date of 
the enactment of this Act under section 31315 or 31136(e) of title 49, 
United States Code.

SEC. 407. SAFETY REGULATION.

    (a) Commercial Motor Vehicle Defined.--Section 31132(1)(A) is 
amended--
            (1) by inserting ``or gross vehicle weight'' after 
        ``rating'';
            (2) by inserting ``, whichever is greater'' after 
        ``pounds''.
    (b) Repeal of Review Panel.--Section 31134, and the item relating 
to such section in the table of sections for chapter 311, are repealed.
    (c) Repeal of Submission to Review Panel.--Section 31140, and the 
item relating to such section in the table of sections for chapter 311, 
are repealed.
    (d) Review Procedure.--Section 31141 is amended--
            (1) by striking subsections (b) and (c) and inserting the 
        following:
    ``(b) Submission of Regulation.--A State that enacts a State law or 
issues a regulation on commercial motor vehicle safety shall submit a 
copy of the law or regulation to the Secretary of Transportation 
immediately after the enactment or issuance.
    ``(c) Review and Decisions by Secretary.--
            ``(1) Review.--The Secretary shall review State laws and 
        regulations on commercial motor vehicle safety. The Secretary 
        shall decide whether the State law or regulation--
                    ``(A) has the same effect as a regulation 
                prescribed by the Secretary under section 31136;
                    ``(B) is less stringent than such regulation; or
                    ``(C) is additional to or more stringent than such 
                regulation.
            ``(2) Regulations with same effect.--If the Secretary 
        decides a State law or regulation has the same effect as a 
        regulation prescribed by the Secretary under section 31136 of 
        this title, the State law or regulation may be enforced.
            ``(3) Less stringent regulations.--If the Secretary decides 
        a State law or regulation is less stringent than a regulation 
        prescribed by the Secretary under section 31136 of this title, 
        the State law or regulation may not be enforced.
            ``(4) Additional or more stringent regulations.--If the 
        Secretary decides a State law or regulation is additional to or 
        more stringent than a regulation prescribed by the Secretary 
        under section 31136 of this title, the State law or regulation 
        may be enforced unless the Secretary also decides that--
                    ``(A) the State law or regulation has no safety 
                benefit;
                    ``(B) the State law or regulation is incompatible 
                with the regulation prescribed by the Secretary; or
                    ``(C) enforcement of the State law or regulation 
                would cause an unreasonable burden on interstate 
                commerce.
            ``(5) Consideration of effect on interstate commerce.--In 
        deciding under paragraph (4) whether a State law or regulation 
        will cause an unreasonable burden on interstate commerce, the 
        Secretary may consider the effect on interstate commerce of 
        implementation of that law or regulation with the 
        implementation of all similar laws and regulations of other 
        States.'';
            (2) by striking subsection (e); and
            (3) by redesignating subsections (f), (g), and (h) as 
        subsections (e), (f), and (g), respectively.
    (e) Inspection of Safety Equipment.--Section 31142(a) is amended by 
striking ``part 393 of title 49, Code of Federal Regulations'' and 
inserting ``the regulations issued under section 31136''.
    (f) Protection of States Participating in State Groups.--Section 
31142(c)(1)(C) is amended--
            (1) by inserting after ``from'' the following: 
        ``participating in the activities of a voluntary group of 
        States''; and
            (2) by striking ``that meets'' and all that follows through 
        ``1984''.

SEC. 408. REPEAL OF CERTAIN OBSOLETE MISCELLANEOUS AUTHORITIES.

    Subchapter IV of chapter 311 (including sections 31161 and 31162), 
and the items relating to such subchapter and sections in the table of 
sections for chapter 311, are repealed.

SEC. 409. COMMERCIAL VEHICLE OPERATORS.

    (a) Commercial Motor Vehicle Defined.--Section 31301(4) is 
amended--
            (1) in subparagraph (A)--
                    (A) by inserting ``or gross vehicle weight'' after 
                ``rating'' the first 2 places it appears; and
                    (B) by inserting ``, whichever is greater,'' after 
                ``pounds'' the first place it appears; and
            (2) in subparagraph (C)(ii) by inserting ``is'' before 
        ``transporting'' each place it appears.
    (b) Prohibition on CMV Operation Without CDL.--
            (1) In general.--Section 31302 is amended to read as 
        follows:
``Sec. 31302. Driver's license requirement
    ``An individual may operate a commercial motor vehicle only if the 
individual has a valid commercial driver's license. An individual 
operating a commercial motor vehicle may have only one driver's license 
at any time.''.
            (2) Conforming amendment.--The item relating to section 
        31302 in the table of sections for chapter 313 is amended to 
        read as follows:

``31302. Driver's license requirement.''.
    (c) Unique Identifiers in CDLs.--
            (1) In general.--Section 31308(2) is amended by inserting 
        before the semicolon ``and each license issued after January 1, 
        2000, include unique identifiers to minimize fraud and 
        duplication''.
            (2) Deadline for issuance of regulations.--Not later than 
        180 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the 
        Secretary shall issue regulations to carry out the amendment 
        made by paragraph (1).
    (d) Commercial Driver's License Information System.--Section 31309 
is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a) by striking ``make an agreement under 
        subsection (b) of this section for the operation of, or 
        establish under subsection (c) of this section,'' and inserting 
        ``maintain'';
            (2) by inserting after the first sentence of subsection (a) 
        the following: ``The system shall be coordinated with 
        activities carried out under section 31106.'';
            (3) by striking subsections (b) and (c);
            (4) in subsection (d)(1)--
                    (A) by striking ``and'' at the end of subparagraph 
                (E);
                    (B) by striking the period at the end of 
                subparagraph (F) and inserting ``; and''; and
                    (C) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(G) information on all fines, penalties, convictions, and 
        failure to appear for a hearing or trial incurred by the 
        operator with respect to operation of a motor vehicle for a 
        period of not less than 3 years beginning on the date of the 
        imposition of such a fine or penalty or the date of such a 
        conviction or failure to appear.'';
            (5) by striking subsection (d)(2) and inserting the 
        following:
    ``(2) The information system under this section must accommodate 
any unique identifiers required to minimize fraud or duplication of a 
commercial driver's license under section 31308(2).'';
            (6) by striking subsection (e) and inserting the following:
    ``(e) Availability of Information.--Information in the information 
system shall be made available in accordance with section 31106(e).'';
            (7) in subsection (f) by striking ``If the Secretary 
        establishes an information system under this section, the'' and 
        inserting ``The'';
            (8) by striking ``shall'' in the first sentence of 
        subsection (f) and inserting ``may''; and
            (9) by redesignating subsections (d), (e), and (f) as 
        subsections (b), (c), and (d), respectively.
    (e) Repeal of Obsolete Grant Programs.--Sections 31312 and 31313, 
and the items relating to such sections in the table of sections for 
chapter 313, are repealed.
    (f) Updating Amendments.--Section 31314 is amended--
            (1) by striking ``(2), (5), and (6)'' each place it appears 
        in subsections (a) and (b) and inserting ``(3), and (5)'';
            (2) in subsection (c) by striking ``(1) Amounts'' and all 
        that follows through ``(2) Amounts'' and inserting ``Amounts'';
            (3) by striking subsection (d); and
            (4) by redesignating subsection (e) as subsection (d).

SEC. 410. INTERIM BORDER SAFETY IMPROVEMENT PROGRAM.

    (a) Program.--The Secretary shall carry out a program to improve 
commercial motor vehicle safety in the vicinity of borders between the 
United States and Canada and the United States and Mexico.
    (b) Grant and Other Authority.--The Secretary may expend funds made 
available to carry out this section--
            (1) for making grants to border States, local governments, 
        organizations, and other persons to carry out activities 
        described in subsection (c);
            (2) for personnel of the Department of Transportation to 
        conduct such activities; and
            (3) for entry into contracts for the conduct of such 
        activities.
    (c) Use of Funds.--Activities for which funds may be expended under 
this section include--
            (1) employment by the Department of Transportation or a 
        border State of additional personnel to enforce commercial 
        motor vehicle safety regulations described in subsection (a);
            (2) training of personnel to enforce such regulations;
            (3) development of data bases and communication systems to 
        improve commercial motor vehicle safety; and
            (4) education and outreach initiatives.
    (d) Criteria.--In selecting activities and projects for funding 
under this section, the Secretary shall consider current levels of 
enforcement by border States, cross border traffic patterns (including 
volume of commercial motor vehicle traffic), location of inspection 
facilities, and such other factors as the Secretary determines will 
result in the greatest safety improvement and benefit to border States 
and the Nation.
    (e) Federal Share.--
            (1) In general.--The Federal share payable under a grant 
        made under this section for--
                    (A) any activity described in paragraph (2), (3), 
                or (4) of subsection (c) shall be 80 percent; and
                    (B) any activity described in subsection (c)(1) 
                shall be--
                            (i) 80 percent for the first 2 years that a 
                        State receives a grant under this section for 
                        such activity; and
                            (ii) 50 percent for the third year that a 
                        State receives a grant under this section for 
                        such activity.
            (2) In-kind contributions.--In determining the non-Federal 
        costs under paragraph (1), the Secretary shall include in-kind 
        contributions by the grant recipient.
    (f) Maintenance of Effort.--A grant may not be made to a State 
under this section for an activity described in subsection (c)(1) in 
any fiscal year unless the State enters into such agreements with the 
Secretary as the Secretary may require to ensure that the State will 
maintain its aggregate expenditures from all other sources for 
employment of personnel to enforce commercial motor vehicle safety 
regulations in the vicinity of the border at or above the average level 
of such expenditures in the State's 2 fiscal years preceding the date 
of the enactment of this section.
    (g) Funding.--Of amounts made available to carry out the 
coordinated border infrastructure and safety program under section 116 
of this Act, $20,000,000 for fiscal year 1998 and $15,000,000 per 
fiscal year for fiscal years 1999 and 2000 shall be available to carry 
out this section.
    (h) Border State Defined.--In this section, the term ``border 
State'' means any State that has a boundary in common with Canada or 
Mexico.

SEC. 411. VEHICLE WEIGHT ENFORCEMENT.

    (a) Study.--The Secretary shall conduct a study of State laws and 
regulations pertaining to penalties for violation of State commercial 
motor vehicle weight laws.
    (b) Purpose.--The purpose of the study shall be to determine the 
effectiveness of State penalties as a deterrent to illegally overweight 
trucking operations. The study shall evaluate fine structures, 
innovative roadside enforcement techniques, a State's ability to 
penalize shippers and carriers as well as drivers, and shall examine 
the effectiveness of administrative and judicial procedures utilized to 
enforce vehicle weight laws.
    (c) Report.--Not later than 2 years after the date of the enactment 
of this Act, the Secretary shall transmit to Congress a report on the 
results of the study conducted under this section, together with any 
legislative recommendations of the Secretary.
    (d) Funding.--From amounts made available under subparagraphs (F) 
through (I) of section 127(a)(3) of this Act, the Secretary may use not 
to exceed $300,000 to carry out this section.

SEC. 412. PARTICIPATION IN INTERNATIONAL REGISTRATION PLAN AND 
              INTERNATIONAL FUEL TAX AGREEMENT.

    Sections 31702, 31703, and 31708, and the items relating to such 
sections in the table of sections for chapter 317, are repealed.

SEC. 413. TELEPHONE HOTLINE FOR REPORTING SAFETY VIOLATIONS.

    (a) In General.--For a period of not less than 2 years beginning on 
or before the 90th day following the date of the enactment of this Act, 
the Secretary shall establish, maintain, and promote the use of a 
nationwide toll-free telephone system to be used by drivers of 
commercial motor vehicles and others to report potential violations of 
Federal motor carrier safety regulations and any laws or regulations 
relating to the safe operation of commercial motor vehicles.
    (b) Monitoring.--The Secretary shall monitor reports received by 
the telephone system and shall consider information provided by such 
reports in setting priorities for motor carrier safety audits and other 
enforcement activities.
    (c) Protection of Persons Reporting Violations.--
            (1) Prohibition.--A person reporting a potential violation 
        to the telephone system may not be discharged, disciplined, or 
        discriminated against regarding pay, terms, or privileges of 
        employment because of the reporting of such violation.
            (2) Applicability of section 31105 of title 49.--For 
        purposes of section 31105 of title 49, United States Code, a 
        violation or alleged violation of paragraph (1) shall be 
        treated as a violation of section 31105(a) of such title.
    (d) Funding.--From amounts set aside under section 104(a) of title 
23, United States Code, the Secretary may use not to exceed $300,000 
per fiscal year for fiscal years 1998 through 2000 to carry out this 
section.

SEC. 414. INSULIN TREATED DIABETES MELLITUS.

    (a) Determination.--Not later than 18 months after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall determine whether a 
practicable and cost-effective screening, operating, and monitoring 
protocol could likely be developed for insulin treated diabetes 
mellitus individuals who want to operate commercial motor vehicles in 
interstate commerce that would ensure a level of safety equal to or 
greater than that achieved with the current prohibition on individuals 
with insulin treated diabetes mellitus driving such vehicles.
    (b) Compilation and Evaluation.--Prior to making the determination 
in subsection (a), the Secretary shall compile and evaluate research 
and other information on the effects of insulin treated diabetes 
mellitus on driving performance. In preparing the compilation and 
evaluation, the Secretary shall, at a minimum--
            (1) consult with States that have developed and are 
        implementing a screening process to identify individuals with 
        insulin treated diabetes mellitus who may obtain waivers to 
        drive commercial motor vehicles in intrastate commerce;
            (2) evaluate the Department's policy and actions to permit 
        certain insulin treated diabetes mellitus individuals who meet 
        selection criteria and who successfully comply with the 
        approved monitoring protocol to operate in other modes of 
        transportation;
            (3) analyze available data on the safety performance of 
        diabetic drivers of motor vehicles;
            (4) assess the relevance of intrastate driving and 
        experiences of other modes of transportation to interstate 
        commercial motor vehicle operations; and
            (5) consult with interested groups knowledgable about 
        diabetes and related issues.
    (c) Report to Congress.--If the Secretary determines that no 
protocol described in subsection (a) could likely be developed, the 
Secretary shall report to Congress the basis for such determination.
    (d) Initiation of Rulemaking.--If the Secretary determines that a 
protocol described in subsection (a) could likely be developed, the 
Secretary shall report to Congress a description of the elements of 
such protocol and shall promptly initiate a rulemaking proceeding to 
implement such protocol.

SEC. 415. PERFORMANCE-BASED CDL TESTING.

    (a) Review.--Not later than 1 year after the date of the enactment 
of this Act, the Secretary shall complete a review of the procedures 
established and implemented by States under section 31305 of title 49, 
United States Code, to determine if the current system for testing is 
an accurate measure and reflection of an individual's knowledge and 
skills as an operator of a commercial motor vehicle and to identify 
methods to improve testing and licensing standards, including 
identifying the benefits and costs of a graduated licensing system.
    (b) Regulations.--Not later than 1 year after the date of 
completion of the review under subsection (a), the Secretary shall 
issue regulations under section 31305 reflecting the results of the 
review.

SEC. 416. POSTACCIDENT ALCOHOL TESTING.

    (a) Study.--The Secretary shall conduct a study of the feasibility 
of utilizing emergency responders and law enforcement officers for 
conducting postaccident alcohol testing of commercial motor vehicle 
operators under section 31306 of title 49, United States Code, as a 
method of obtaining more timely information and reducing the burdens 
that employers may encounter in meeting the testing requirements of 
such section.
    (b) Report.--Not later than 18 months after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall transmit to Congress a 
report on the study conducted under subsection (a) with recommendations 
regarding the utilization of emergency responders and law enforcement 
officers in conducting testing described in subsection (a).

SEC. 417. TECHNOLOGIES TO REDUCE FATIGUE OF COMMERCIAL MOTOR VEHICLE 
              OPERATORS.

    (a) Development of Technologies.--As part of the activities of the 
Secretary relating to the fatigue of commercial motor vehicle 
operators, the Secretary shall encourage the research, development, and 
demonstration of technologies that may aid in reducing such fatigue.
    (b) Identification of Technologies.--In identifying technologies 
pursuant to subsection (a), the Secretary shall take into account--
            (1) the degree to which the technology will be cost 
        efficient;
            (2) the degree to which the technology can be effectively 
        used in diverse climatic regions of the Nation; and
            (3) the degree to which the application of the technology 
        will further emissions reductions, energy conservation, and 
        other transportation goals.
    (c) Funding.--The Secretary may use amounts made available under 
subparagraphs (F) through (I) of section 127(a)(3) of this Act to carry 
out this section.

SEC. 418. SAFETY FITNESS.

    (a) In General.--Section 31144 is amended to read as follows:
``Sec. 31144. Safety fitness of owners and operators
    ``(a) In General.--The Secretary shall--
            ``(1) determine whether an owner or operator is fit to 
        operate safely commercial motor vehicles;
            ``(2) periodically update such safety fitness 
        determinations;
            ``(3) make such safety fitness determinations readily 
        available to the public; and
            ``(4) prescribe by regulation penalties for violations of 
        this section consistent with section 521.
    ``(b) Procedure.--The Secretary shall maintain by regulation a 
procedure for determining whether an owner or operator is fit to 
operate safely commercial motor vehicles. The procedure shall include, 
at a minimum, the following elements:
            ``(1) Specific initial and continuing requirements with 
        which an owner or operator must comply to demonstrate safety 
        fitness.
            ``(2) A methodology the Secretary will use to determine 
        whether an owner or operator is fit.
            ``(3) Specific time frames within which the Secretary will 
        determine whether an owner or operator is fit.
    ``(c) Prohibited Transportation.--
            ``(1) In general.--Except as provided in sections 
        521(b)(5)(A) and 5113 and this subsection, an owner or operator 
        who the Secretary determines is not fit may not operate 
        commercial motor vehicles in interstate commerce beginning on 
        the 61st day after the date of such fitness determination and 
        until the Secretary determines such owner or operator is fit.
            ``(2) Owners or operators transporting passengers.--With 
        regard to owners or operators of commercial motor vehicles 
        designed or used to transport passengers, an owner or operator 
        who the Secretary determines is not fit may not operate in 
        interstate commerce beginning on the 46th day after the date of 
        such fitness determination and until the Secretary determines 
        such owner or operator is fit.
            ``(3) Owners or operators transporting hazardous 
        material.--With regard to owners or operators of commercial 
        motor vehicles designed or used to transport hazardous material 
        for which placarding of a motor vehicle is required under 
        regulations prescribed under chapter 51, an owner or operator 
        who the Secretary determines is not fit may not operate in 
        interstate commerce beginning on the 46th day after the date of 
        such fitness determination and until the Secretary determines 
        such owner or operator is fit.
            ``(4) Secretary's discretion.--Except for owners or 
        operators described in paragraphs (2) and (3), the Secretary 
        may allow an owner or operator who is not fit to continue 
        operating for an additional 60 days after the 61st day after 
        the date of the Secretary's fitness determination, if the 
        Secretary determines that such owner or operator is making a 
        good faith effort to become fit.
    ``(d) Review of Fitness Determinations.--
            ``(1) In general.--Not later than 45 days after an unfit 
        owner or operator requests a review, the Secretary shall review 
        such owner's or operator's compliance with those requirements 
        with which the owner or operator failed to comply and resulted 
        in the Secretary determining that the owner or operator was not 
        fit.
            ``(2) Owners or operators transporting passengers.--Not 
        later than 30 days after an unfit owner or operator of 
        commercial motor vehicles designed or used to transport 
        passengers requests a review, the Secretary shall review such 
        owner's or operator's compliance with those requirements with 
        which the owner or operator failed to comply and resulted in 
        the Secretary determining that the owner or operator was not 
        fit.
            ``(3) Owners or operators transporting hazardous 
        material.--Not later than 30 days after an unfit owner or 
        operator of commercial motor vehicles designed or used to 
        transport hazardous material for which placarding of a motor 
        vehicle is required under regulations prescribed under chapter 
        51, the Secretary shall review such owner's or operator's 
        compliance with those requirements with which the owner or 
        operator failed to comply and resulted in the Secretary 
        determining that the owner or operator was not fit.
    ``(e) Prohibited Government Use.--A department, agency, or 
instrumentality of the United States Government may not use to provide 
any transportation service an owner or operator who the Secretary has 
determined is not fit until the Secretary determines such owner or 
operator is fit.''.
    (b) Conforming Amendment.--Section 5113 is amended by striking 
subsections (a), (b), (c), and (d) and inserting the following:
     ``See section 31144.''.

SEC. 419. HAZARDOUS MATERIALS TRANSPORTATION REGULATION AND FARM 
              SERVICE VEHICLES.

    (a) Exceptions.--Section 5117(d)(2) is amended--
            (1) by striking ``do not prohibit'';
            (2) in subparagraph (A)--
                    (A) by inserting ``do not prohibit'' before ``or 
                regulate''; and
                    (B) by striking ``or'' the last place it appears;
            (3) in subparagraph (B) by inserting ``do not prohibit'' 
        before ``transportation'';
            (4) by striking the period at the end of subparagraph (B) 
        and inserting ``; or''; and
            (5) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(C) do not prohibit a State from providing an 
                exception from requirements relating to placarding, 
                shipping papers, and emergency telephone numbers for 
                the private motor carriage in intrastate transportation 
                of an agricultural production material from a source of 
                supply to a farm, from a farm to another farm, from a 
                field to another field on a farm, or from the farm back 
                to the source of supply.
In granting any exception under subparagraph (C), a State must certify 
to the Secretary that such exception is in the public interest, the 
need for such exception, and that the State shall monitor the exception 
and take such measures necessary to ensure that safety is not 
compromised.''.
    (b) Agricultural Production Material Defined.--Section 5117 is 
amended by adding at the end the following:
    ``(f) Agricultural Production Material Defined.--In this section, 
the term `agricultural production material' means--
            ``(1) ammonium nitrate fertilizer in a quantity that does 
        not exceed 16,094 pounds;
            ``(2) a pesticide in a quantity that does not exceed 502 
        gallons for liquids and 5,070 pounds for solids; and
            ``(3) a diluted solution of water and pesticides or 
        fertilizer in a quantity that does not exceed 3,500 gallons.''.

             TITLE V--PROGRAMMATIC REFORMS AND STREAMLINING

SEC. 501. PROJECT APPROVAL AND OVERSIGHT.

    (a) In General.--Section 106 is amended--
            (1) by redesignating subsections (e) and (f) as (g) and 
        (h), respectively; and
            (2) by striking the section heading and all that follows 
        through the period at the end of subsection (d) and inserting 
        the following:
``Sec. 106. Project approval and oversight
    ``(a) In General.--
            ``(1) Submission of plans, specifications, and estimates.--
        Except as otherwise provided in this section, each State 
        highway department shall submit to the Secretary for approval 
        such plans, specifications, and estimates for each proposed 
        project as the Secretary may require.
            ``(2) Project agreement.--The Secretary shall act upon the 
        plans, specifications, and estimates as soon as practicable 
        after the date of their submission and shall enter into a 
        formal project agreement with the State highway department 
        formalizing the conditions of the project approval.
            ``(3) Contractual obligation.--The execution of the project 
        agreement shall be deemed a contractual obligation of the 
        Federal Government for the payment of its proportional 
        contribution thereto.
            ``(4) Guidance.--In taking action under this subsection, 
        the Secretary shall be guided by the provisions of section 109.
    ``(b) Project Agreement.--
            ``(1) Provision of state funds.--The project agreement 
        shall make provision for State funds required for the State's 
        pro rata share of the cost of construction of the project and 
        for the maintenance of the project after completion of 
        construction.
            ``(2) Representations of state.--The Secretary may rely 
        upon representations made by the State highway department with 
        respect to the arrangements or agreements made by the State 
        highway department and appropriate local officials if a part of 
        the project is to be constructed at the expense of, or in 
        cooperation with, local subdivisions of the State.
    ``(c) Special Rules for Project Oversight.--
            ``(1) NHS projects.--
                    ``(A) General authority.--Except as otherwise 
                provided in subsection (d), the Secretary may discharge 
                to the State any of the Secretary's responsibilities 
                under this title for design, plans, specifications, 
                estimates, contract awards, and inspection of projects 
                on the National Highway System.
                    ``(B) Agreement.--The Secretary and the State shall 
                reach agreement as to the extent the State may assume 
                the Secretary's responsibilities under this subsection. 
                The Secretary may not assume any greater responsibility 
                than the Secretary is permitted under this title on 
                September 30, 1997, except upon agreement by the 
                Secretary and the State.
            ``(2) Non-interstate system projects.--For all projects 
        under this title that are not on the National Highway System, 
        the State shall assume the Secretary's responsibility under 
        this title for design, plans, specifications, estimates, 
        contract awards, and inspection of projects. For projects that 
        are on the National Highway System but not on the Interstate 
        System, the State shall assume the Secretary's responsibility 
        under this title for design, plans, specifications, estimates, 
        contract awards, and inspections of projects unless the State 
        or the Secretary determines that such assumption is not 
        appropriate.
    ``(d) Secretary's Responsibilities.--Nothing in this section, 
section 133, and section 149 shall affect or discharge any 
responsibility or obligation of the Secretary under any Federal law, 
other than this title. Any responsibility or obligation of the 
Secretary under sections 113 and 114 of this title and section 5333 of 
title 49, United States Code, shall not be affected and may not be 
discharged under this section, section 133, or section 149.''.
    (b) Repeal of Obsolete Provisions.--Sections 105, 110, and 117, and 
the items relating to such sections in the table of sections for 
chapter 1, are repealed.

SEC. 502. ENVIRONMENTAL STREAMLINING.

    (a) Coordinated Environmental Review Process.--
            (1) Development and implementation.--The Secretary shall 
        develop and implement a coordinated environmental review 
        process for highway construction projects that require--
                    (A) the preparation of an environmental impact 
                statement or environmental assessment under the 
                National Environmental Policy Act of 1969, except that 
                the Secretary may decide not to apply this section to 
                the preparation of an environmental assessment under 
                such Act; or
                    (B) the conduct of any other environmental review, 
                analysis, opinion, or issuance of an environmental 
                permit, license, or approval by operation of Federal 
                law.
            (2) Memorandum of understanding.--The coordinated 
        environmental review process for each project shall ensure 
        that, whenever practicable (as set forth in this section), all 
        environmental reviews, analyses, opinions, and any permits, 
        licenses, or approvals that must be issued or made by any 
        Federal agency for the concerned highway project shall be 
        conducted concurrently and completed within a cooperatively 
        determined time period. Such process for a project or class of 
        projects may be incorporated into a memorandum of understanding 
        between the Department of Transportation and all other Federal 
        agencies (and, where appropriate, State agencies). In 
        establishing such time period and any time periods for review 
        within such period the Department and all such agencies shall 
        take into account their respective resources and statutory 
        commitments.
    (b) Elements of Coordinated Environmental Review Process.--For each 
highway project, the coordinated environmental review process 
established under this section shall provide, at a minimum, for the 
following elements:
            (1) Agency identification.--The Secretary shall, at the 
        earliest possible time, identify all potential Federal agencies 
        that--
                    (A) have jurisdiction by law over environmental-
                related issues that may be affected by the project and 
                the analysis of which would be part of any 
                environmental document required by the National 
                Environmental Policy Act of 1969; or
                    (B) may be required by Federal law to 
                independently--
                            (i) conduct an environmental-related review 
                        or analysis; or
                            (ii) determine whether to issue a permit, 
                        license, or approval or render an opinion on 
                        the environmental impact of the project.
            (2) Time limitations and concurrent review.--The Secretary 
        and the head of each Federal agency identified under paragraph 
        (1)--
                    (A)(i) shall jointly develop and establish time 
                periods for review for--
                            (I) all Federal agency comments with 
                        respect to any environmental review documents 
                        required by the National Environmental Policy 
                        Act of 1969 for the project; and
                            (II) all other independent Federal agency 
                        environmental analyses, reviews, opinions, and 
                        decisions on any permits, licenses, and 
                        approvals that must be issued or made for the 
                        project;
                whereby each such Federal agency's review shall be 
                undertaken and completed within such established time 
                periods for review; or
                    (ii) may enter into an agreement to establish such 
                time periods for review with respect to a class of 
                projects; and
                    (B) shall ensure, in establishing such time periods 
                for review, that the conduct of any such analysis, 
                review, opinion, and decision is undertaken 
                concurrently with all other environmental reviews for 
                the project, including those required by the National 
                Environmental Policy Act of 1969; except that such 
                review may not be concurrent if the affected Federal 
                agency can demonstrate that such concurrent review 
                would result in a significant adverse impact to the 
                environment or substantively alter the operation of 
                Federal law or would not be possible without 
                information developed as part of the environmental 
                review process.
            (3) Factors to be considered.--Time periods for review 
        established under this section shall be consistent with those 
        established by the Council on Environmental Quality under the 
        provisions of sections 1501.8 and 1506.10 of title 40, Code of 
        Federal Regulations.
            (4) Extensions.--The Secretary shall extend any time 
        periods for review under this section if, upon good cause 
        shown, the Secretary and any Federal agency concerned determine 
        that additional time for analysis and review is needed as a 
        result of new information which has been discovered that could 
        not reasonably have been anticipated when such agency's time 
        periods for review were established. Any memorandum of 
        understanding shall be modified to incorporate any mutually 
        agreed upon extensions.
    (c) Dispute Resolution.--When the Secretary determines that a 
Federal agency which is subject to a time period for its environmental 
review or analysis under this section has failed to complete such 
review, analysis, opinion, or decision on issuing any permit, license, 
or approval within the established time period or within any agreed 
upon extension to such time period, then the Secretary may assume such 
agency's concurrence. If the Secretary finds after timely compliance 
with this section, that an environmental issue related to the highway 
project that an affected Federal agency has jurisdiction over by 
operation of Federal law has not been resolved, then the Secretary and 
the head of such agency shall resolve the matter within 30 days of the 
finding by the Secretary.
    (d) Acceptance of Purpose and Need.--For any environmental impact 
statement prepared pursuant to the National Environmental Policy Act of 
1969 or the conduct of any other environmental review, analysis, 
opinion, or issuance of an environmental permit, license, or approval 
that requires an analysis of purpose and need, the agency conducting 
such review with respect to the highway project shall give due 
consideration to the project purpose and need as defined by the 
Secretary and the project applicant.
    (e) Participation of State Agencies.--For any project eligible for 
assistance under chapter 1 of title 23, United States Code, a State, by 
operation of State law, may require that all State agencies that have 
jurisdiction by State or Federal law over environmental-related issues 
that may be affected by the project or must issue any environmental-
related reviews, analyses, opinions, or determinations on issuing any 
permits, licenses, or approvals for the project be subject to the 
coordinated environmental review process provided for in this section 
unless the Secretary determines that a State's participation would not 
be in the public interest. For a State to require State agencies to 
participate in the review process, all affected agencies of such State 
shall be subject to the review process.
    (f) Assistance to Affected Federal Agencies.--The Secretary may 
approve a request by a State to provide funds made available under 
chapter 1 of title 23, United States Code, to the State for the project 
subject to the review process established by this section to affected 
Federal agencies to provide the resources necessary to meet any time 
limits established by this section. Such requests shall only be 
approved for the additional amounts that the Secretary determines are 
necessary for such affected Federal agencies to meet the time limits 
for environmental review where such time limits are less than the 
customary time necessary for such review.
    (g) Federal Agency Defined.--For the purposes of this section, the 
term ``Federal agency'' means any Federal agency or any State agency 
carrying out affected responsibilities required by operation of Federal 
law.
    (h) Judicial Review and Savings Clause.--
            (1) Judicial review.--Nothing in this section shall affect 
        the reviewability of any final Federal agency action in a 
        district court of the United States or in the court of any 
        State.
            (2) Savings clause.--Nothing in this section shall be 
        construed to affect the applicability of the National 
        Environmental Policy Act of 1969 or any other Federal 
        environmental statute or affect the responsibility of any 
        Federal officer to comply with or enforce any such statute.
    (i) State Environmental Review Delegation Pilot Demonstration 
Program.--
            (1) In general.--The Secretary, in cooperation with the 
        Council on Environmental Quality, shall establish and implement 
        a State environmental review pilot demonstration program. Such 
        program shall permit the Secretary, in cooperation with the 
        Council on Environmental Quality, to develop criteria for 
        States to select up to 8 States for participation in the 
        program. A State interested in participation in the program 
        shall submit to the Secretary an application for participation.
            (2) Delegation of authority.--For each State selected to 
        participate in the pilot program, the Secretary shall delegate 
        and the State shall accept all of the responsibilities for 
        conducting the Federal environmental review process required by 
        the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 in the manner 
        required if the projects were undertaken by the Secretary.
            (3) Certification.--A State that is selected to participate 
        in the pilot program shall, prior to assuming any 
        responsibilities for the Secretary under this subsection, 
        submit to the Secretary and the Secretary, in cooperation with 
        the Council on Environmental Quality, shall approve a 
        certification that shall, at a minimum--
                    (A) be in a form acceptable to the Secretary;
                    (B) be executed by the Chief Executive Officer of 
                the recipient of assistance under this section 
                (hereinafter in this section referred to as the 
                ``certifying officer'');
                    (C) specify that the certifying officer consents to 
                assume the status of a responsible Federal officer 
                under the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 
                (and any applicable regulations issued by the Secretary 
                or the Council on Environmental Quality implementing 
                such Act) for the affected project;
                    (D) accept jurisdiction of the Federal courts for 
                the purpose of enforcement of the State's 
                responsibilities for the project; and
                    (E) agree that the Secretary's approval of such 
                certification shall constitute the Secretary's 
                responsibilities under the National Environmental 
                Policy Act of 1969 and any other related provisions of 
                law that the Secretary may specify for the affected 
                project.
            (4) Oversight.--For each State selected to participate in 
        the pilot program, the Secretary shall, in cooperation with the 
        Council on Environmental Quality, conduct quarterly audits in 
        the first year of such participation, and annual audits every 
        year thereafter, to ensure that each selected State is 
        complying with all elements of the certification provided for 
        in this subsection and all requirements delegated pursuant to 
        this subsection.
            (5) Termination.--The Secretary, in cooperation with the 
        Council on Environmental Quality, may immediately terminate the 
        participation of any State if the Secretary, in cooperation 
        with the Council on Environmental Quality, finds that such 
        State is not complying with any responsibility or duty set 
        forth in this subsection or that the State's continued 
        participation in the program would result in any adverse impact 
        on the environment.
            (6) Period of applicability.--The pilot program shall 
        remain in effect for 3 years. The pilot program shall apply to 
        all projects initiated within such 3-year period, and any such 
        project shall be subject to the provisions of this subsection 
        until the review of the project is completed under this 
        subsection.
            (7) Report to congress.--The Secretary and Council on 
        Environmental Quality shall transmit to Congress annual reports 
        on the pilot program.

SEC. 503. MAJOR INVESTMENT STUDY INTEGRATION.

    The Secretary shall eliminate the major investment study set forth 
in section 450.318 of title 23, Code of Federal Regulations, as a 
separate requirement and promulgate regulations to integrate such 
requirement, as appropriate, as part of each analysis undertaken 
pursuant to the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 for a project 
receiving assistance with funds made available under this Act 
(including any amendments made by this Act).

SEC. 504. FINANCIAL PLAN.

    The Secretary shall require each recipient of Federal financial 
assistance for a highway or transit project with an estimated total 
cost of $1,000,000,000 or more to submit to the Secretary an annual 
financial plan. Such plan shall be based on detailed annual estimates 
of the cost to complete the remaining elements of the project and on 
reasonable assumptions, as determined by the Secretary, of future 
increases in the cost to complete the project.

SEC. 505. UNIFORM TRANSFERABILITY OF FEDERAL-AID HIGHWAY FUNDS.

    (a) In General.--Chapter 1 is amended by inserting after section 
109 the following:
``Sec. 110. Uniform transferability of Federal-aid highway funds
    ``(a) General Rule.--Notwithstanding any other provision of law but 
subject to subsections (b) and (c), if at least 50 percent of a State's 
apportionment under section 104 or 144 for a fiscal year or at least 50 
percent of the funds set-aside under section 133(d) from the State's 
apportionment section 104(b)(3) may not be transferred to any other 
apportionment of the State under section 104 or 144 for such fiscal 
year, then the State may transfer not to exceed 50 percent of such 
apportionment or set aside to any other apportionment of such State 
under section 104 or 144 for such fiscal year.
    ``(b) Application to Certain STP Set-Asides.--This section shall 
not apply to funds subject to the last sentence of section 133(d)(1) 
and funds subject to section 133(d)(3). The maximum amount that a State 
may transfer under this section of the State's set-aside under section 
133(d)(2) for a fiscal year may not exceed 50 percent of (1) the amount 
of such set-aside, less (2) the amount of the State's set-aside under 
section 133(d)(2) for fiscal year 1996.
    ``(c) Application to Certain CMAQ Funds.--The maximum amount that a 
State may transfer under this section of the State's apportionment 
under section 104(b)(2) for a fiscal year may not exceed 50 percent of 
(1) the amount of such apportionment, less (2) the amount of the 
State's apportionment under section 104(b)(2) for fiscal year 1997. Any 
such funds apportioned under section 104(b)(2) and transferred under 
this section may only be obligated in geographic areas eligible for the 
obligation of funds apportioned under section 104(b)(2).''.
    (b) Conforming Amendment.--The table of sections for chapter 1 is 
amended by inserting after the item relating to section 109 the 
following:

``Sec. 110. Uniform transferability of Federal-aid highway funds.''.

SEC. 506. DISCRETIONARY GRANT SELECTION CRITERIA AND PROCESS.

    (a) Establishment of Criteria.--The Secretary shall establish 
criteria for all discretionary programs funded from the Highway Trust 
Fund (including the Mass Transit Account). To the extent practicable, 
such criteria shall conform to the Executive Order No. 12893 (relating 
to infrastructure investment).
    (b) Selection Process.--
            (1) Limitation on acceptance of application.--Before 
        accepting application for grants under any discretionary 
        program for which funds are authorized to be appropriated from 
        the Highway Trust Fund (including the Mass Transit Account) by 
        this Act (including the amendments made by this Act), the 
        Secretary shall publish the criteria established under 
        subsection (a). Such publication shall identify all statutory 
        criteria and any criteria established by regulation that will 
        apply to such program.
            (2) Explanation.--At least 14 days before making a grant 
        under a discretionary program described in paragraph (1), the 
        Secretary shall transmit to the respective committees of the 
        House of Representatives and the Senate having jurisdiction 
        over such program, and shall publish, an explanation of how 
        projects will be selected based on the criteria established for 
        such program under subsection (a).
    (c) Minimum Programs.--At a minimum the criteria established under 
subsection (a) and the process established by subsection (b) shall 
apply to the following programs:
            (1) The high cost interstate system reconstruction and 
        improvement program.
            (2) The research program under title VI of this Act.
            (3) The national corridor planning and development program.
            (4) The coordinated border infrastructure and safety 
        program.
            (5) The construction of ferry boats and ferry terminal 
        facilities.
            (6) The scenic byway program.
            (7) The discretionary bridge program.
            (8) New fixed guideway systems and extensions to existing 
        fixed guideway systems under section 5309 of title 49, United 
        States Code.
            (9) Transit research and planning.

SEC. 507. ELIMINATION OF REGIONAL OFFICE RESPONSIBILITIES.

    (a) In General.--Not later than 90 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall eliminate any required 
programmatic responsibility for any regional office of the Department 
of Transportation carrying out responsibilities of the Federal Highway 
Administration regarding any funds made available by this Act 
(including any amendments made by this Act).
    (b) Retention of Regional Offices.--The Secretary may retain 
regional offices of the Department of Transportation carrying out 
responsibilities of the Federal Highway Administration for the purpose 
of providing technical support to States, metropolitan areas, and 
transit authorities upon request.

                   TITLE VI--TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH

SEC. 601. AMENDMENTS TO TITLE 23, UNITED STATES CODE.

    Except as otherwise specifically provided, whenever in this title 
an amendment or repeal is expressed in terms of an amendment to, or 
repeal of, a section or other provision of law, the reference shall be 
considered to be made to a section or other provision of title 23, 
United States Code.

SEC. 602. APPLICABILITY OF TITLE 23.

    Funds made available by subparagraphs (F) through (I) of section 
127(a)(3) of this Act shall be available for obligation in the same 
manner as if such funds were apportioned under chapter 1 of title 23, 
United States Code, except that the Federal share payable for a project 
or activity carried out using such funds shall be determined by the 
Secretary (unless otherwise expressly provided by this Act) and such 
funds shall remain available until expended.

SEC. 603. TRANSFERS OF FUNDS.

    The Secretary may transfer not to exceed 10 percent of the amounts 
made available by each of subparagraphs (F) through (I) of section 
127(a)(3) of this Act to the amounts made available by any other of 
such subparagraphs.

 Subtitle A--Surface Transportation Research, Technology, and Education

                        PART I--HIGHWAY RESEARCH

SEC. 611. RESEARCH.

    (a) Research.--Section 307(a) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (1) by striking subparagraph (C); and
            (2) by striking paragraph (3) and inserting the following:
            ``(3) Amounts deposited by cooperating organizations and 
        persons.--There shall be available to the Secretary for 
        carrying out this subsection such funds as may be deposited by 
        any cooperating organization or person in a special account of 
        the Treasury of the United States established for such 
        purpose.''.
    (b) Long-Term Pavement Performance.--Section 307(b)(2) is amended 
to read as follows:
            ``(2) Long-term pavement performance.--
                    ``(A) In general.--As part of the highway research 
                program under subsection (a), the Secretary shall carry 
                out a long-term pavement performance program to 
                continue to completion the long-term pavement 
                performance tests initiated under the strategic highway 
                research program.
                    ``(B) Grants, cooperative agreements, and 
                contracts.--In carrying out subparagraph (A), the 
                Secretary shall make grants and enter into cooperative 
                agreements and contracts for the following purposes:
                            ``(i) To continue the monitoring, material-
                        testing, and evaluation of the highway test 
                        sections established under the long-term 
                        pavement performance program.
                            ``(ii) To carry out analyses of the data 
                        collected under the program.
                            ``(iii) To prepare the products required to 
                        fulfill the original objectives of the program 
                        and to meet future pavement technology 
                        needs.''.
    (c) Advanced Research.--Section 307(b)(4) is amended to read as 
follows:
            ``(4) Advanced research.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The highway research program 
                under subsection (a) shall include an advanced research 
                program that addresses longer-term, higher-risk 
                research that shows potential benefits for improving 
                the durability, efficiency, environmental impact, 
                productivity, and safety (including bicycle and 
                pedestrian safety) of highway and intermodal 
                transportation systems. In carrying out this program, 
                the Secretary shall strive to develop partnerships with 
                the public and private sectors.
                    ``(B) Research areas.--In carrying out the advanced 
                research program under subparagraph (A), the Secretary 
                may make grants and enter into cooperative agreements 
                and contracts in such areas as the Secretary determines 
                appropriate, including the following:
                            ``(i) Characterization of materials used in 
                        highway infrastructure, including analytical 
                        techniques, microstructure modeling, and the 
                        deterioration processes.
                            ``(ii) Diagnostics for evaluation of the 
                        condition of bridge and pavement structures to 
                        enable assessment of failure risks.
                            ``(iii) Design and construction details for 
                        composite structures.
                            ``(iv) Safety technology based problems in 
                        the areas of pedestrian and bicycle safety, 
                        roadside hazards, and composite materials for 
                        roadside safety hardware.
                            ``(v) Particulate matter source 
                        apportionment, control strategy synthesis 
                        evaluation, and model development.
                            ``(vi) Data acquisition techniques for 
                        system condition and performance monitoring.
                            ``(vii) Prediction of the response of 
                        current and future travelers to new 
                        technologies.''.
    (d) Supporting Infrastructure.--Section 307(b)(5) is amended--
            (1) by striking subparagraph (C); and
            (2) by redesignating subparagraph (D) as subparagraph (C).
    (e) Repeals.--Section 307 is amended--
            (1) by striking subsections (c), (d), and (e); and
            (2) by redesignating subsections (f), (g), and (h) as 
        subsections (c), (d), and (e), respectively.
    (f) Seismic Research Program.--Section 307(c), as so redesignated, 
is amended--
            (1) by striking paragraph (1) and inserting the following:
            ``(1) Establishment.--The Secretary shall establish a 
        program to study the vulnerability of the Federal-aid highway 
        system and other surface transportation systems to seismic 
        activity and to develop and implement cost-effective methods to 
        reduce such vulnerability.'';
            (2) by striking paragraph (4) and inserting the following:
            ``(4) Funding.--Of the amounts made available to carry out 
        this section, the Secretary shall expend not more than 
        $2,000,000 for each of fiscal years 1998 through 2000 to carry 
        out this subsection.''; and
            (3) by striking paragraph (5).
    (g) Biennial Report.--Section 307(e), as so redesignated, is 
amended--
            (1) by striking ``The Secretary'' and inserting ``Biennial 
        Report.--The Secretary''; and
            (2) by inserting after ``highway needs'' the following: ``, 
        as well as the backlog of current highway needs,''.
    (h) Conforming Amendments.--Chapter 3 is amended--
            (1) in the heading to section 307 by striking ``and 
        planning''; and
            (2) in the table of sections for such chapter by striking 
        the item relating to section 307 and inserting the following:

``307. Research.''.

SEC. 612. STATE PLANNING AND RESEARCH.

    (a) In General.--Section 313 is amended to read as follows:
``Sec. 313. State planning and research
    ``(a) General Rule.--Two percent of the sums apportioned for each 
fiscal year beginning after September 30, 1997, under section 104 
(other than section 104(f)) and under section 144 shall be available 
for expenditure by the State, in consultation with the Secretary, only 
for the following purposes:
            ``(1) Engineering and economic surveys and investigations.
            ``(2) The planning of future highway programs and local 
        public transportation systems and the planning of the financing 
        of such programs and systems, including statewide planning 
        under section 135.
            ``(3) Development and implementation of management systems 
        under section 303.
            ``(4) Studies of the economy, safety, and convenience of 
        highway usage and the desirable regulation and equitable 
        taxation thereof.
            ``(5) Research, development, and technology transfer 
        activities necessary in connection with the planning, design, 
        construction, management, and maintenance of highway, public 
        transportation, and intermodal transportation systems and 
        study, research, and training on the engineering standards and 
        construction materials for such systems, including the 
        evaluation and accreditation of inspection and testing and the 
        regulation and taxation of their use.
    ``(b) Minimum Expenditures on Research, Development, and Technology 
Transfer Activities.--Not less than 25 percent of the funds which are 
apportioned to a State for a fiscal year and are subject to subsection 
(a) shall be expended by the State for research, development, and 
technology transfer activities described in subsection (a) relating to 
highway, public transportation, and intermodal transportation systems 
unless the State certifies to the Secretary for such fiscal year that 
total expenditures by the State for transportation planning under 
sections 134 and 135 will exceed 75 percent of the amount of such funds 
and the Secretary accepts such certification. Funds used for research 
provided under this subsection are not subject to an assessment under 
the Small Business Research and Development Enhancement Act of 1992 
(Public Law 102-564).
    ``(c) Federal Share.--The Federal share payable on account of any 
project financed with funds which are subject to subsection (a) shall 
be 80 percent unless the Secretary determines that the interests of the 
Federal-aid highway program would be best served by decreasing or 
eliminating the non-Federal share.
    ``(d) Administration of Sums.--Funds which are subject to 
subsection (a) shall be combined and administered by the Secretary as a 
single fund which shall be available for obligation for the same period 
as funds apportioned under section 104(b)(1).''.
    (b) Conforming Amendment.--The table of sections for chapter 3 is 
amended by inserting after the item relating to section 312 the 
following:

``313. State planning and research.''.

SEC. 613. INTERNATIONAL HIGHWAY TRANSPORTATION OUTREACH PROGRAM.

    (a) Activities.--Section 325(a) is amended--
            (1) by inserting after ``expertise'' the following: ``, 
        goods, and services'';
            (2) by striking ``and'' at the end of paragraph (4);
            (3) by striking the period at the end of paragraph (5) and 
        inserting ``; and''; and
            (4) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(6) gathering and disseminating information on foreign 
        transportation markets and industries.''.
    (b) Funds.--Section 325(c) is amended to read as follows:
    ``(c) Funds.--Funds available to carry out this section shall 
include funds deposited by any cooperating organization or person in a 
special account for such purpose with the Secretary of the Treasury. 
The funds deposited in the special account and other funds available to 
carry out this section shall be available to cover the cost of any 
activity eligible under this section, including the cost of promotional 
materials, travel, reception and representation expenses, and salaries 
and benefits. Reimbursements for salaries and benefits of Department of 
Transportation employees providing services under this section shall be 
credited to the special account.''.
    (c) Eligibility.--Section 325 is amended by adding at the end the 
following:
    ``(d) Eligible Use of State Planning and Research Funds.--A State, 
in coordination with the Secretary, may obligate funds made available 
to carry out section 313 for any activity authorized under subsection 
(a).''.

     PART II--TRANSPORTATION EDUCATION, PROFESSIONAL TRAINING, AND 
                         TECHNOLOGY DEPLOYMENT

SEC. 621. NATIONAL HIGHWAY INSTITUTE.

    Section 321 is amended by striking subsection (f) and redesignating 
subsection (g) as subsection (f).

SEC. 622. NATIONAL TECHNOLOGY DEPLOYMENT INITIATIVE.

    (a) In General.--Section 322 is amended to read as follows:
``Sec. 322. National technology deployment initiative
    ``(a) In General.--The Secretary shall develop and implement a 
national technology deployment initiative to expand adoption by the 
surface transportation community of innovative technologies to improve 
the safety, efficiency, reliability, service life, and sustainability 
of transportation systems and to reduce environmental impact.
    ``(b) Integration With Other Programs.--The Secretary shall 
integrate activities undertaken pursuant to this section with the 
efforts of the Department to disseminate the results of research 
sponsored by the Department and to facilitate technology transfer.
    ``(c) Leveraging of Federal Resources.--In selecting projects to be 
carried out under this section, the Secretary shall give preference to 
projects that leverage Federal funds with other significant public or 
private resources.
    ``(d) Grants, Contracts, and Cooperative Agreements.--The Secretary 
may carry out this section either independently or in cooperation with 
other Federal departments, agencies, and instrumentalities or by making 
grants to, or entering into contracts, cooperative agreements, or other 
transactions with any State or local agency, authority, association, 
institution, corporation (for-profit or nonprofit), organization, or 
person.''.
    (b) Conforming Amendment.--The table of sections for chapter 3 is 
amended by inserting after the item relating to section 321 the 
following:

``322. National technology deployment initiative.''.

SEC. 623. EDUCATION AND TRAINING PROGRAMS.

    (a) Local Technical Assistance Program.--Section 326(a) is 
amended--
            (1) by striking ``Authority'' and inserting ``Local 
        Technical Assistance Program''; and
            (2) by striking ``transportation assistance program'' and 
        inserting ``local technical assistance program''.
    (b) Research Fellowships.--Section 326 is further amended--
            (1) by striking subsection (c);
            (2) by redesignating subsection (b) as subsection (c); and
            (3) by inserting after subsection (a) the following:
    ``(b) Research Fellowships.--
            ``(1) General authority.--The Secretary may, acting either 
        independently or in cooperation with other Federal departments, 
        agencies, and instrumentalities, make grants for research 
        fellowships for any purpose for which research is authorized by 
        this section.
            ``(2) Dwight david eisenhower transportation fellowship 
        program.--The Secretary shall establish and implement a 
        transportation research fellowship program for the purpose of 
        attracting qualified students to the field of transportation. 
        Such program shall be known as the `Dwight David Eisenhower 
        Transportation Fellowship Program'.''.
    (c) Conforming Amendments.--Chapter 3 is amended--
            (1) in the heading to section 326 by striking ``program'' 
        and inserting ``programs''; and
            (2) in the table of sections for such chapter by striking 
        the item relating to section 326 and inserting the following:

``326. Education and training programs.''.

SEC. 624. UNIVERSITY TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH.

    (a) In General.--Subchapter I of chapter 55 of title 49, United 
States Code, is amended by adding at the end the following:
``Sec. 5505. University transportation research
    ``(a) Regional Centers.--The Secretary of Transportation shall make 
grants to nonprofit institutions of higher learning to establish and 
operate 1 university transportation center in each of the 10 United 
States Government regions that comprise the Standard Federal Regional 
Boundary System.
    ``(b) Other Centers.--The Secretary shall make grants to nonprofit 
institutions of higher learning to establish and operate 10 university 
transportation centers, in addition to the centers receiving grants 
under subsection (a), to address transportation management and research 
and development, with special attention to increasing the number of 
highly skilled individuals entering the field of transportation.
    ``(c) Selection of Grant Recipients.--
            ``(1) Applications.--In order to be eligible to receive a 
        grant under this section, a nonprofit institution of higher 
        learning shall submit to the Secretary an application that is 
        in such form and contains such information as the Secretary may 
        require.
            ``(2) Selection criteria.--The Secretary shall select each 
        recipient of a grant under this section through a competitive 
        process on the basis of the following:
                    ``(A) For regional centers, the location of the 
                center within the Federal region to be served.
                    ``(B) The demonstrated research and extension 
                resources available to the recipient to carry out this 
                section.
                    ``(C) The capability of the recipient to provide 
                leadership in making national and regional 
                contributions to the solution of immediate and long-
                range transportation problems.
                    ``(D) The recipient's establishment of a surface 
                transportation program encompassing several modes of 
                transportation.
                    ``(E) The recipient's demonstrated commitment of at 
                least $200,000 in regularly budgeted institutional 
                amounts each year to support ongoing transportation 
                research and education programs.
                    ``(F) The recipient's demonstrated ability to 
                disseminate results of transportation research and 
                education programs through a statewide or regionwide 
                continuing education program.
                    ``(G) The strategic plan the recipient proposes to 
                carry out under the grant.
    ``(d) Objectives.--Each university transportation center receiving 
a grant under this section shall conduct the following programs and 
activities:
            ``(1) Basic and applied research, the products of which are 
        judged by peers or other experts in the field to advance the 
        body of knowledge in transportation.
            ``(2) An education program that includes multidisciplinary 
        course work and participation in research.
            ``(3) An ongoing program of technology transfer that makes 
        research results available to potential users in a form that 
        can be implemented, utilized, or otherwise applied.
    ``(e) Maintenance of Effort.--In order to be eligible to receive a 
grant under this section, a recipient shall enter into an agreement 
with the Secretary to ensure that the recipient will maintain total 
expenditures from all other sources to establish and operate a 
university transportation center and related research activities at a 
level at least equal to the average level of such expenditures in its 2 
fiscal years prior to award of a grant under this section.
    ``(f) Federal Share.--The Federal share of the costs of activities 
carried out using a grant made under this section is 50 percent of 
costs. The non-Federal share may include funds provided to a recipient 
under section 5307 or 5311 of this title or section 313, 322, or 326(a) 
of title 23, United States Code.
    ``(g) Program Coordination.--
            ``(1) Coordination.--The Secretary shall coordinate the 
        research, education, training, and technology transfer 
        activities that grant recipients carry out under this section, 
        disseminate the results of the research, and establish and 
        operate a clearinghouse.
            ``(2) Annual review and evaluation.--At least annually, the 
        Secretary shall review and evaluate programs the grant 
        recipients carry out.
            ``(3) Funding limitation.--The Secretary may use not more 
        than 1 percent of amounts made available from Government 
        sources to carry out this subsection.
    ``(h) Limitation on Availability of Funds.--Funds made available to 
carry out this program shall remain available for obligation for a 
period of 2 years after the last day of the fiscal year for which such 
funds are authorized.
    ``(i) Special Rule for Fiscal Years 1998 and 1999.--
            ``(1) In general.--In carrying out subsections (a) and (b) 
        in fiscal years 1998 and 1999, the Secretary shall make grants 
        to each university transportation center and university 
        research institute that received a grant in fiscal year 1997 
        under section 5316 or 5317 of this title, as in effect on the 
        day before the date of the enactment of this section.
            ``(2) Terms and conditions.--Notwithstanding any other 
        provision of this section, grants made pursuant to paragraph 
        (1) in fiscal years 1998 and 1999 shall be subject to the same 
        terms and conditions as the fiscal year 1997 grants referred to 
        in paragraph (1).
    ``(j) University Research Institutes.--Any university research 
institute that received a grant under section 5316 of this title, as in 
effect on the day before the date of the enactment of this section, 
shall be eligible to receive grants made available to university 
transportation centers under this section.
    ``(k) Applications That May Be Considered.--In selecting grant 
recipients under subsection (c), the Secretary shall consider at a 
minimum applications submitted by the following:
            ``(1) Any university transportation center or university 
        research institute described in subsection (i)(1).
            ``(2) The University of Denver.
            ``(3) The University of Arizona.
            ``(4) The University of Central Florida.
            ``(5) Carnegie Mellon and Lehigh Universities.
            ``(6) University of South Carolina and California State 
        University Long Beach.
            ``(7) Pace University.
            ``(8) A consortium of historically black colleges in 
        Alabama.
            ``(9) Lawson State Community College.
            ``(10) A consortium consisting of the University of 
        Wisconsin, the University of Illinois, and Purdue University.
            ``(11) The University of New Hampshire.
            ``(12) A group of Virginia universities acting as a Center 
        of ITS Implementation.
            ``(13) The University of Tennessee.
            ``(14) The Alabama Transportation Institute.''.
    (b) Conforming Amendment.--The table of sections for chapter 55 of 
title 49, United States Code, is amended by inserting after the item 
relating to section 5504 the following:

``5505. University transportation research.''.
    (c) Appalachian Transportation Institute.--
            (1) Grants.--The Secretary shall make grants under section 
        5505 of title 49, United States Code, to Marshall University, 
        West Virginia, on behalf of a consortium which also may include 
        West Virginia University Institute of Technology, the College 
        of West Virginia, and Bluefield State College to establish and 
        operate an Appalachian Transportation Institute. Such institute 
        shall conduct research, training, technology transfer, and 
        other transportation related activities in the development and 
        enhancement of transportation systems in the Appalachian 
        region, including the Appalachian Development Highway System.
            (2) Funding.--Of amounts made available to carry out such 
        section 5505, $2,000,000 shall be available for each of fiscal 
        years 1998, 1999, and 2000 to carry out paragraph (1).
            (3) Federal share.--The Federal share payable for the costs 
        of the institute referred to in paragraph (1) shall be 80 
        percent; except that the non-Federal interest shall receive 
        credit for the reasonable cost associated with the 
        establishment and administration of the institute referred to 
        in paragraph (1).
    (d) ITS Institute.--
            (1) Grants.--The Secretary shall make grants under section 
        5505 of title 49, United States Code, to the University of 
        Minnesota to continue to operate and expand the ITS Institute. 
        The ITS Institute shall continue to conduct research, 
        education, and development activities that focus on 
        transportation management, enhanced safety, human factors, and 
        reduced environmental effects. The ITS Institute shall develop 
        new or expanded programs to address emerging issues of ITS 
        related to transportation policy, intermodalism, sustainable 
        community development, and transportation telematics.
            (2) Funding.--Of amounts made available to carry out such 
        section 5505, $2,000,000 shall be available for each of fiscal 
        years 1998, 1999, and 2000 to carry out paragraph (1).
            (3) Federal share.--The Federal share payable for the costs 
        of the institute referred to in paragraph (1) shall be 80 
        percent; except that the non-Federal interest shall receive 
        credit for the reasonable cost associated with the 
        establishment and administration of the institute referred to 
        in paragraph (1).

SEC. 625. FUNDING ALLOCATIONS.

    Of the amounts made available for each of fiscal years 1998 through 
2000 by section 127(a)(3)(G) of this Act--
            (1) not to exceed $8,000,000 per fiscal year shall be 
        available for the National Highway Institute under section 321 
        of title 23, United States Code;
            (2) not to exceed $10,000,000 per fiscal year shall be 
        available for the local technical assistance program under 
        section 326(a) of such title;
            (3) not to exceed $2,000,000 per fiscal year shall be 
        available for the Dwight D. Eisenhower Transportation 
        Fellowship Program under section 326(b) of such title;
            (4) not to exceed $14,000,000 for each of fiscal years 1998 
        and 1999 and $19,000,000 for fiscal year 2000 shall be 
        available for the national technology deployment initiative 
        program under section 322 of such title;
            (5) not to exceed $16,000,000 per fiscal year shall be 
        available for university transportation centers under section 
        5505 of title 49, United States Code.

    PART III--BUREAU OF TRANSPORTATION STATISTICS AND MISCELLANEOUS 
                                PROGRAMS

SEC. 631. BUREAU OF TRANSPORTATION STATISTICS.

    (a) In General.--Section 111 of title 49, United States Code, is 
amended--
            (1) by striking the second sentence of subsection (b)(4);
            (2) in subsection (c)(1)--
                    (A) in subparagraph (J) by striking ``and'' at the 
                end;
                    (B) in subparagraph (K) by striking the period and 
                inserting ``; and'' ; and
                    (C) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(L) transportation-related variables influencing 
                global competitiveness.'';
            (3) in subsection (c)(2)--
                    (A) by striking ``national transportation system'' 
                in the first sentence and inserting ``Nation's 
                transportation systems'';
                    (B) by striking subparagraph (A) and inserting the 
                following:
                    ``(A) be coordinated with efforts to measure 
                outputs and outcomes of the Department of 
                Transportation and the Nation's transportation systems 
                under the Government Performance and Results Act of 
                1993 (107 Stat. 285 et seq.);''; and
                    (C) in subparagraph (C) by inserting ``, made 
                relevant to the States and metropolitan planning 
                organizations,'' after ``accuracy'';
            (4) in subsection (c)(3) by adding at the end the 
        following: ``The Bureau shall review and report to the 
        Secretary of Transportation on the sources and reliability of 
        the statistics proposed by the heads of the operating 
        administrations of the Department to measure outputs and 
        outcomes as required by the Government Performance and Results 
        Act of 1993 (107 Stat. 285 et seq.), and shall undertake such 
        other reviews as may be requested by the Secretary.'';
            (5) in subsection (c) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(7) Supporting transportation decisionmaking.--Ensuring 
        that the statistics compiled under paragraph (1) are relevant 
        for transportation decisions by Federal, State, and local 
        governments, transportation-related associations, private 
        businesses, and consumers.'';
            (6) by--
                    (A) redesignating subsections (d), (e), and (f) as 
                subsections (h), (i) and (j), respectively;
                    (B) striking subsection (g); and
                    (C) inserting after subsection (c) the following:
    ``(d) Intermodal Transportation Data Base.--The Director shall 
establish and maintain an intermodal transportation data base. The data 
base shall be suitable for analyses conducted by the Federal 
Government, the States, and metropolitan planning organizations. The 
data base shall include, at a minimum--
            ``(1) information on the volumes and patterns of movement 
        of goods, including local, interregional, and international 
        movements, by all modes of transportation and intermodal 
        combinations, and by relevant classification;
            ``(2) information on the volumes and patterns of movement 
        of people, including local, interregional, and international 
        movements, by all modes of transportation and intermodal 
        combinations, and by relevant classification; and
            ``(3) information on the location and connectivity of 
        transportation facilities and services and a national 
        accounting of expenditures and capital stocks on each mode of 
        transportation and intermodal combinations.
    ``(e) National Transportation Library.--The Director shall 
establish and maintain a national transportation library containing a 
collection of statistical and other information needed for 
transportation decisionmaking at the Federal, State, and local levels.
    ``(f) National Transportation Atlas Data Base.--The Director shall 
develop and maintain geographic data bases depicting transportation 
networks; flows of people, goods, vehicles, and craft over those 
networks; and social, economic, and environmental conditions affecting 
or affected by those networks. These data bases shall be able to 
support intermodal network analysis.
    ``(g) Research and Development Grants.--The Secretary may make 
grants to, or enter into cooperative agreements or contracts with, 
public and nonprofit private entities to support the programs and 
activities of the Bureau.'';
            (7) by striking subsection (i), as so redesignated, and 
        inserting the following:
    ``(i) Prohibition on Certain Disclosures.--
            ``(1) Information obtained under long-term data collection 
        program.--An officer or employee of the Bureau may not--
                    ``(A) make any publication in which the data 
                furnished by an individual or organization under 
                paragraph (c)(2) can be identified;
                    ``(B) use the information furnished under the 
                provisions of subsection (c)(2) for a nonstatistical 
                purpose; or
                    ``(C) permit anyone other than the individuals 
                authorized by the Director to examine individual 
                reports furnished under subsection (c)(2).
            ``(2) Copies of reports.--No department, bureau, agency, 
        officer, or employee of the United States, except the Director 
        in carrying out the purpose of this section, shall require, for 
        any reason, copies of reports which have been filed under 
        subsection (c)(2) with the Bureau or retained by any individual 
        respondent. Copies of such reports which have been so retained 
        or filed with the Bureau or any of its employees, contractors, 
        or agents shall be immune from legal process, and shall not, 
        without the consent of the individual concerned, be admitted as 
        evidence or used for any purpose in any action, suit, or other 
        judicial or administrative proceeding. This paragraph shall 
        only apply to information that permits information concerning 
        an individual or organization to be reasonable inferred by 
        direct or indirect means.
            ``(3) Collection of data for nonstatistical purposes.--In a 
        case in which the Bureau is authorized by statute to collect 
        data or information for nonstatistical purposes, the Director 
        shall clearly distinguish the collection of such data or 
        information by rule, and on the collection instrument, to 
        inform a respondent requested or required to supply the data or 
        information of the nonstatistical purposes.''; and
            (8) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(k) Data Product Sales Proceeds.--Notwithstanding section 3302 of 
title 31, United States Code, funds received by the Bureau from the 
sale of data products may be credited to the Highway Trust Fund (other 
than the Mass Transit Account) and shall be available for the purpose 
of reimbursing the Bureau for such expenses.
    ``(l) Funding.--
            ``(1) Authorization of appropriations.--There is authorized 
        to be appropriated out of the Highway Trust Fund (other than 
        the Mass Transit Account) $31,000,000 for each of fiscal years 
        1998 through 2000 to carry out this section, except that 
        amounts for activities under subsection (g) may not exceed 
        $500,000 in any fiscal year. Amounts made available under this 
        subsection shall remain available for a period of 3 fiscal 
        years.
            ``(2) Applicability of title 23.--Funds authorized by this 
        subsection shall be available for obligation in the same manner 
        as if such funds were apportioned under chapter 1 of title 23, 
        United States Code.''.
    (b) Conforming Amendment.--Section 5503 of title 49, United States 
Code, is amended--
            (1) by striking subsection (d); and
            (2) by redesignating subsections (e), (f), and (g) as 
        subsections (d), (e), and (f), respectively.

SEC. 632. TRANSPORTATION TECHNOLOGY INNOVATION AND DEMONSTRATION 
              PROGRAM.

    (a) In General.--The Secretary shall carry out a transportation 
technology innovation and demonstration program in accordance with the 
requirements of this section.
    (b) Contents of Program.--
            (1) Use of concrete pavement.--
                    (A) In general.--The Secretary shall conduct 
                research on improved methods of using concrete pavement 
                in the construction, reconstruction, and repair of 
                Federal-aid highways.
                    (B) Funding.--Of the amounts made available for 
                each of fiscal years 1998 through 2000 by section 
                127(a)(3)(H) of this Act, $10,000,000 per fiscal year 
                shall be available to carry out this paragraph.
            (2) Motor vehicle safety warning system.--
                    (A) In general.--The Secretary shall expand and 
                continue the study authorized by section 358(c) of the 
                National Highway System Designation Act of 1995 (23 
                U.S.C. 401 note; 109 Stat. 625) relating to the 
                development of a motor vehicle safety warning system 
                and shall conduct tests of such system.
                    (B) Grants.--In carrying out this paragraph, the 
                Secretary may make grants to State and local 
                governments.
                    (C) Funding.--Of the amounts made available for 
                each of fiscal years 1998 through 2000 by section 
                127(a)(3)(H) of this Act, $700,000 per fiscal year 
                shall be available to carry out this paragraph.
            (3) Steel bridge construction.--
                    (A) In general.--The Secretary shall make grants 
                for research and construction to improve and 
                demonstrate the use of steel bridge construction.
                    (B) Funding.--Of the amounts made available for 
                each of fiscal years 1998 through 2000 by section 
                127(a)(3)(H) of this Act, $10,000,000 per fiscal year 
                shall be available to carry out this paragraph.
                    (C) Federal share.--The Federal share payable on 
                account of construction activities carried out using a 
                grant made under this paragraph shall be 80 percent of 
                the cost of such activities.
            (4) Use of asphalt pavement.--
                    (A) In general.--The Secretary shall conduct 
                research on improved methods of using asphalt pavement 
                in the construction, reconstruction, and repair of 
                Federal-aid highways.
                    (B) Funding.--Of the amounts made available for 
                each of fiscal years 1998 through 2000 by section 
                127(a)(3)(H) of this Act, $10,000,000 per fiscal year 
                shall be available to carry out this paragraph.
            (5) Use of hazardous materials monitoring systems.--
                    (A) In general.--The Secretary shall conduct 
                research on improved methods of deploying and 
                integrating existing ITS projects to include hazardous 
                materials monitoring systems across various modes of 
                transportation.
                    (B) Funding.--Of the amounts made available for 
                each of fiscal years 1998 through 2000 by section 
                127(a)(3)(I) of this Act, $1,500,000 per fiscal year 
                shall be available to carry out this paragraph.
            (6) Motor carrier advanced sensor control system.--
                    (A) In general.--The Secretary shall conduct 
                research on the deployment of a system of advanced 
                sensors and signal processors in trucks and tractor 
                trailers to determine axle and wheel alignment, monitor 
                collision alarm, check tire pressure and tire balance 
                conditions, measure and detect load distribution in the 
                vehicle, and monitor and adjust automatic braking 
                systems.
                    (B) Funding.--Of the amounts made available for 
                each of fiscal years 1998 through 2000 by section 
                127(a)(3)(I) of this Act, $700,000 per fiscal year 
                shall be available to carry out this paragraph.
            (7) Outreach and technology transfer activities.--
                    (A) In general.--The Secretary shall continue to 
                support the Urban Consortium's ITS outreach and 
                technology transfer activities.
                    (B) Funding.--Of the amounts made available for 
                each of fiscal years 1998 through 2000 by section 
                127(a)(3)(H) of this Act, $500,000 per fiscal year 
                shall be available to carry out this paragraph.
            (8) Transportation economic and land use system.--
                    (A) In general.--The Secretary shall continue 
                development and deployment to metropolitan planning 
                organizations of the Transportation Economic and Land 
                Use System.
                    (B) Funding.--Of the amounts made available for 
                each of fiscal years 1998 through 2000 by section 
                127(a)(3)(H) of this Act, $1,000,000 per fiscal year 
                shall be available to carry out this paragraph.
            (9) ITS implementation.--
                    (A) In general.--The Secretary shall make grants to 
                the State of Wisconsin to continue ITS activities in 
                the corridor serving the Greater Milwaukee, Wisconsin, 
                Chicago, Illinois, and Gary, Indiana, areas initiated 
                under the Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency 
                Act of 1991.
                    (B) Funding.--Of the amounts allocated for each of 
                fiscal years 1998 through 2000 under section 657(a) of 
                this Act, $2,000,000 per fiscal year shall be available 
                to carry out this paragraph.
            (10) Composite materials.--
                    (A) In general.--The Secretary shall conduct 
                research in the use of composite materials for 
                guardrails and bridge decking.
                    (B) Funding.--Of the amounts made available for 
                each of fiscal years 1998 through 2000 by section 
                127(a)(3)(F) of this Act, $700,000 per fiscal year 
                shall be available to carry out this paragraph.
            (11) Intelligent transportation infrastructure.--
                    (A) In general.--The Secretary shall carry out a 
                program to advance the deployment of an operational 
                intelligent transportation infrastructure system for 
                the measurement of various transportation system 
                activities to aid in the transportation planning and 
                analysis while making a significant contribution to the 
                ITS program under this title. This program shall be 
                located in the 2 largest metropolitan areas in the 
                State of Pennsylvania.
                    (B) Funding.--Of the amounts made available for 
                each of fiscal years 1998 through 2000 by section 
                127(a)(3)(H) of this Act, $1,700,000 per fiscal year 
                shall be available to carry out this paragraph.
                    (C) Federal share.--The Federal share payable on 
                account of the program carried out under this paragraph 
                shall be 80 percent of the cost of such program.

             Subtitle B--Intelligent Transportation Systems

SEC. 651. DEFINITIONS.

    As used in this subtitle, the following definitions apply:
            (1) Intelligent transportation systems; its.--The terms 
        ``intelligent transportation systems'' and ``ITS'' mean 
        electronics, communications, or information processing used 
        singly or in combination to improve the efficiency and safety 
        of surface transportation systems.
            (2) Intelligent transportation infrastructure.--The term 
        ``intelligent transportation infrastructure'' means fully 
        integrated public sector ITS components, as defined by the 
        Secretary.
            (3) Secretary.--The term ``Secretary'' means the Secretary 
        of Transportation.
            (4) State.--The term ``State'' has the meaning given such 
        term under section 101 of title 23, United States Code.

SEC. 652. SCOPE OF PROGRAM.

    (a) Scope.--Subject to the provisions of this subtitle, the 
Secretary shall conduct an ongoing ITS program to research, develop, 
and operationally test intelligent transportation systems and advance 
nationwide deployment of such systems as a component of the Nation's 
surface transportation systems.
    (b) Goals.--The goals of the ITS program include--
            (1) enhancement of surface transportation efficiency to 
        enable existing facilities to meet a significant portion of 
        future transportation needs and to reduce regulatory, 
        financial, and other transaction costs to public agencies and 
        system users;
            (2) enhancement of safe operation of motor vehicles, 
        including motorcycles, and nonmotorized vehicles on the 
        Nation's surface transportation systems, with a particular 
        emphasis on decreasing the number and severity of collisions;
            (3) protection and enhancement of the natural environment 
        and communities affected by surface transportation, with 
        particular emphasis on assisting States to attain air quality 
        goals established pursuant to the Clean Air Act (42 U.S.C. 7401 
        et seq.);
            (4) accommodation of the needs of all users of the Nation's 
        surface transportation systems, including the operators of 
        commercial vehicles, passenger vehicles, and motorcycles;
            (5) improvement of public access to employment, goods, and 
        services;
            (6) development of a technology base and necessary 
        standards and protocols for intelligent transportation systems;
            (7) improvement of the Nation's ability to respond to 
        emergencies and natural disasters and enhancement of national 
        defense mobility; and
            (8) promotion of the access and use of data collected from 
        projects conducted under the program by public and private 
        organizations.

SEC. 653. GENERAL AUTHORITIES AND REQUIREMENTS.

    (a) Cooperation and Consultation Requirements.--
            (1) Cooperation with governmental, private, and educational 
        entities.--The Secretary shall carry out the ITS program in 
        cooperation with State and local governments and other public 
        entities, the United States private sector, and colleges and 
        universities, including historically black colleges and 
        universities and other minority institutions of higher 
        education.
            (2) Consultation with federal officials.--In carrying out 
        the ITS program, the Secretary, as appropriate, shall consult 
        with the Secretary of Commerce, the Secretary of the Treasury, 
        the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency, the 
        Director of the National Science Foundation, and the heads of 
        other Federal departments and agencies.
    (b) Standards.--
            (1) Development of national its architecture.--The 
        Secretary shall develop, implement, and maintain a national ITS 
        architecture and standards and protocols to promote the 
        widespread use and evaluation of ITS technology as a component 
        of the Nation's surface transportation systems.
            (2) Interoperability among its technologies.--The national 
        ITS architecture shall promote interoperability among ITS 
        technologies implemented throughout the States.
            (3) Use of services of standards-setting organizations.--In 
        carrying out this subsection, the Secretary may use the 
        services of standards-setting organizations.
            (4) Establishment of dedicated short-range vehicle to 
        wayside wireless standard.--In carrying out this subsection, 
        the Secretary, in consultation with the Secretary of Commerce, 
        the Secretary of Defense, and the Federal Communications 
        Commission, shall take such actions as may be necessary to 
        secure the necessary spectrum for the near-term establishment 
        of a dedicated short-range vehicle to wayside wireless 
        standard.
    (c) Evaluations.--
            (1) Guidelines and requirements.--The Secretary shall issue 
        guidelines and requirements for the evaluation of field and 
        related operational tests carried out under section 655 of this 
        Act.
            (2) Objectivity and independence.--The guidelines and 
        requirements issued under paragraph (1) shall include 
        provisions to ensure the objectivity and independence of the 
        evaluator and to avoid any real or apparent conflict of 
        interest or potential influence on the outcome by parties to 
        the tests or any other formal evaluation conducted under this 
        subtitle.
            (3) Nonapplicability of paperwork reduction act of 1995.--
        The Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995 (44 U.S.C. 3501-3520) shall 
        not apply to any survey, questionnaire, or interview that the 
        Secretary considers necessary to evaluate the tests or assess 
        activities carried out under this subtitle.
    (d) Information Clearinghouse.--
            (1) Establishment.--The Secretary shall establish and 
        maintain a repository for technical and safety data collected 
        as a result of federally-sponsored projects under this subtitle 
        and shall make, upon request, such information (except for 
        proprietary information and data) readily available to all 
        users of the repository at an appropriate cost.
            (2) Delegation of authority.--The Secretary may delegate 
        the responsibility of the Secretary under this subsection, with 
        continuing oversight by the Secretary, to an appropriate entity 
        that is not within the Department of Transportation. Any entity 
        to which such responsibility is delegated shall be eligible for 
        Federal assistance under this subtitle.
    (e) Advisory Committees.--
            (1) In general.--The Secretary may utilize 1 or more 
        advisory committees in carrying out this subtitle.
            (2) Applicability of federal advisory committee act.--Any 
        advisory committee utilized under this subsection shall be 
        subject to the Federal Advisory Committee Act (5 U.S.C. App., 
        86 Stat. 770).
            (3) Funding.--Funding provided for an advisory committee 
        utilized under this subsection shall be available from moneys 
        appropriated for advisory committees as specified in relevant 
        appropriations Acts and from funds allocated for research, 
        development, and implementation activities in connection with 
        the ITS program.
    (f) Conformity With Standards.--
            (1) In general.--The Secretary shall ensure that ITS 
        projects carried out using funds made available out of the 
        Highway Trust Fund conform to the national ITS architecture and 
        standards and protocols developed under subsection (b).
            (2) Exception.--Paragraph (1) shall not apply to projects 
        carried out using funds authorized for specific research 
        objectives in the National ITS Program Plan under section 654 
        of this Act.
    (g) Life-Cycle Cost Analysis.--The Secretary shall require an 
analysis of the life-cycle costs of each project carried out using 
funds made available under this subtitle, and each project authorized 
in section 656 of this Act, for operations and maintenance of ITS 
elements, where the total initial capital costs of the such elements 
exceed $3,000,000.
    (h) Procurement Methods.--
            (1) Technical assistance.--The Secretary shall develop 
        appropriate technical assistance and guidance to assist State 
        and local agencies in evaluating and selecting appropriate 
        methods of procurement for its projects carried out using funds 
        made available from the Highway Trust Fund, including 
        innovative and nontraditional methods of procurement.
            (2) ITS software.--To the maximum extent practicable, 
        contracting officials shall use as a critical evaluation 
        criterion the Software Engineering Institute's Capability 
        Maturity Model, or another similar recognized standard risk 
        assessment methodology, to reduce the cost, schedule, and 
        performance risks associated with the development, management, 
        and integration of ITS software.

SEC. 654. NATIONAL ITS PROGRAM PLAN.

    (a) National ITS Program Plan.--
            (1) Updates.--The Secretary shall maintain and update, as 
        necessary, the National ITS Program Plan developed by the 
        Department of Transportation and the Intelligent Transportation 
        Society of America.
            (2) Scope.--The National ITS Program Plan shall--
                    (A) specify the goals, objectives, and milestones 
                for the deployment of intelligent transportation 
                infrastructure in the context of major metropolitan 
                areas, smaller metropolitan and rural areas, and 
                commercial vehicle information systems and networks;
                    (B) specify how specific programs and projects 
                relate to the goals, objectives, and milestones 
                referred to in subparagraph (A), including 
                consideration of the 5-, 10-, and 20-year timeframes 
                for the goals and objectives;
                    (C) establish a course of action necessary to 
                achieve the program's goals and objectives;
                    (D) provide for the evolutionary development of 
                standards and protocols to promote and ensure 
                interoperability in the implementation of ITS 
                technologies; and
                    (E) establish a cooperative process with State and 
                local governments for determining desired surface 
                transportation system performance levels and developing 
                plans for national incorporation of specific ITS 
                capabilities into surface transportation systems.
    (b) Implementation Reports.--Not later than 1 year after the date 
of the enactment of this Act, and biennially thereafter, the Secretary 
shall transmit to the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of 
the House of Representatives and the Committee on Environment and 
Public Works of the Senate a report on implementation of the National 
ITS Program Plan.

SEC. 655. TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE, PLANNING, RESEARCH, AND OPERATIONAL 
              TESTS.

    (a) Technical Assistance, Training, and Information.--The Secretary 
may provide technical assistance, training, and information to State 
and local governments seeking to implement, operate, maintain, and 
evaluate ITS technologies and services.
    (b) Transportation Planning.--The Secretary may provide funding to 
support adequate consideration of transportation system management and 
operations, including ITS, within metropolitan and statewide 
transportation planning processes.
    (c) Research and Operational Tests.--The Secretary may provide 
funding for research and operational tests relating to ITS.
    (d) Demonstration and Evaluation of Intelligent Vehicle Highway 
Systems.--The Secretary may conduct research and development activities 
for the purpose of demonstrating integrated intelligent vehicle highway 
systems and roadway safety systems. Such research shall include state-
of-the-art systems and shall integrate collision avoidance, in-vehicle 
information, and other safety related systems (including 
infrastructure-based systems). Development work shall incorporate human 
factors research findings.

SEC. 656. ITS DEPLOYMENT.

    (a) Intelligent Transportation Infrastructure Deployment Incentives 
Program.--The Secretary shall conduct a program to promote the 
deployment of regionally integrated, intermodal intelligent 
transportation systems and, through financial and technical assistance 
under this subtitle, shall assist in the development and implementation 
of such systems.
    (b) Goals.--In accordance with the National ITS Program Plan under 
section 654 of this Act, the Secretary shall provide incentives for the 
deployment of integrated applications of intermodal, intelligent 
transportation infrastructure and system technologies to--
            (1) stimulate sufficient deployment to validate and 
        accelerate the establishment of national ITS standards and 
        protocols;
            (2) realize the benefits of regionally integrated, 
        intermodal deployment of intelligent transportation 
        infrastructure and commercial vehicle operations, including 
        electronic border crossing applications; and
            (3) motivate innovative approaches to overcoming non-
        technical constraints or impediments to deployment.
    (c) Project Selection.--In order to be eligible for funding under 
this section, a project shall--
            (1) contribute to national deployment goals and objectives 
        outlined in the National ITS Program Plan under section 654 of 
        this Act;
            (2) demonstrate a strong commitment to cooperation among 
        agencies, jurisdictions, and the private sector, as evidenced 
        by signed memorandums of understanding that clearly define the 
        responsibilities and relation of all parties to a partnership 
        arrangement, including institutional relationships and 
        financial agreements needed to support deployment, and 
        commitment to the criteria provided in paragraphs (3) through 
        (7);
            (3) demonstrate commitment to a comprehensive plan of fully 
        integrated ITS deployment in accordance with the national ITS 
        architecture and standards and protocols established under 
        section 653(b) of this Act;
            (4) be part of approved plans and programs developed under 
        applicable statewide and metropolitan transportation planning 
        processes and applicable State air quality implementation plans 
        at the time Federal funds are sought;
            (5) minimize the relative percentage and amount of Federal 
        contributions under this section to total project costs;
            (6) ensure continued, long-term operations and maintenance 
        without continued reliance on Federal funding under this 
        subtitle, along with documented evidence of fiscal capacity and 
        commitment from anticipated public and private sources; and
            (7) demonstrate technical capacity for effective operations 
        and maintenance or commitment to acquiring necessary skills.
    (d) Funding Limitations.--
            (1) Projects in metropolitan areas.--Funding under this 
        section for intelligent transportation infrastructure projects 
        in metropolitan areas shall be limited to activities primarily 
        necessary to integrate intelligent transportation 
        infrastructure elements either deployed or to be deployed with 
        other sources of funds.
            (2) Other projects.--For commercial vehicle projects and 
        projects outside metropolitan areas, funding provided under 
        this subtitle may also be used for installation of intelligent 
        transportation infrastructure elements.
            (3) Fiscal year limitations.--Of the amounts made available 
        to carry out this section in a fiscal year--
                    (A) not more than $15,000,000 may be used for 
                projects in a metropolitan area;
                    (B) not more than $2,000,000 may be used for a 
                project in a rural area;
                    (C) not more than $5,000,000 may be used for a 
                commercial vehicle information system and network 
                project; and
                    (D) not more than $35,000,000 may be used for 
                projects in a State.
            (4) Priorities.--In providing funding for projects under 
        this section, the Secretary shall allocate--
                    (A) not less than 25 percent of the funds made 
                available to carry out this section to eligible State 
                and local entities for the implementation of commercial 
                vehicle information systems and networks, and 
                international border crossing improvements, in support 
                of public sector commercial vehicle operations 
                nationwide; and
                    (B) not less than 10 percent of such funds for 
                other intelligent transportation infrastructure 
                deployment activities outside of metropolitan areas.

SEC. 657. FUNDING ALLOCATIONS.

    (a) Intelligent Transportation Infrastructure Deployment Incentives 
Program.--
            (1) Allocation.--Of the amounts made available for each of 
        fiscal years 1998 through 2000 by section 127(a)(3)(I) of this 
        Act, $75,000,000 per fiscal year shall be available to carry 
        out section 656 of this Act.
            (2) Use of unallocated amounts.--In addition to amounts 
        made available by subsection (b), any amounts made available 
        under paragraph (1) and not allocated by the Secretary for 
        carrying out section 656 of this Act may be used by the 
        Secretary for carrying out other activities authorized under 
        this subtitle.
    (b) ITS Research and Program Support Activities.--Of the amounts 
made available for each of fiscal years 1998 through 2000 by section 
127(a)(3)(I) of this Act, $100,000,000 per fiscal year shall be 
available to carry out multi-year research and technology development 
initiatives under this subtitle (other than projects under section 656 
of this Act).
    (c) Federal Share Payable.--
            (1) Intelligent transportation infrastructure deployment 
        incentives program.--For activities funded with amounts 
        allocated under subsection (a), the Federal share payable from 
        such amounts shall not exceed 50 percent of the costs of the 
        activities, and the total Federal share payable from all 
        eligible sources (including subsection (a)) shall not exceed 80 
        percent of the costs of the activities.
            (2) Other programs.--For activities funded with amounts 
        allocated under subsection (b), unless the Secretary determines 
        otherwise, the Federal share payable on account of such 
        activities shall not exceed 80 percent of the costs of the 
        activities.
            (3) Long-range activities.--For long-range activities 
        undertaken in partnership with private entities for the 
        purposes of section 655(d) of this Act, the Federal share 
        payable from funds allocated under this subtitle on account of 
        such activities shall not exceed 50 percent of the costs of the 
        activities, and the total Federal share payable from all 
        eligible sources (including subsection (a)) shall not exceed 80 
        percent of the costs of the activities.
            (4) Participation of other public and private sources.--The 
        Secretary shall seek maximum participation in the funding of 
        activities under this subtitle from other public and private 
        sources, and shall minimize the use of funds provided under 
        this subtitle for the construction or long-term acquisition of 
        buildings and grounds.

SEC. 658. REPEAL.

    Part B of title VI of the Intermodal Surface Transportation 
Efficiency Act of 1991 (105 Stat. 2189-2195) is repealed.

                     TITLE VII--TRUTH IN BUDGETING

SEC. 701. BUDGETARY TREATMENT OF HIGHWAY TRUST FUND, AIRPORT AND AIRWAY 
              TRUST FUND, INLAND WATERWAYS TRUST FUND, AND HARBOR 
              MAINTENANCE TRUST FUND.

    (a) In General.--Notwithstanding any other provision of law except 
the Line Item Veto Act of 1996, the receipts and disbursements of the 
Highway Trust Fund, the Airport and Airway Trust Fund, the Inland 
Waterways Trust Fund, and the Harbor Maintenance Trust Fund--
            (1) shall not be counted as new budget authority, outlays, 
        receipts, or deficit or surplus for purposes of--
                    (A) the budget of the United States Government as 
                submitted by the President,
                    (B) the congressional budget (including allocations 
                of budget authority and outlays provided therein), or
                    (C) the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit 
                Control Act of 1985; and
            (2) shall be exempt from any general budget limitation 
        imposed by statute on expenditures and net lending (budget 
        outlays) of the United States Government.
    (b) Limitation on Interest Paid to Trust Funds.--
            (1) In general.--Paragraph (3) of section 9602(b) of the 
        Internal Revenue Code of 1986 is amended by adding at the end 
        the following new sentence: ``The amount of interest credited 
        to the Airport and Airway Trust Fund, the Highway Trust Fund, 
        the Harbor Maintenance Trust Fund, or the Inland Waterways 
        Trust Fund for any fiscal year shall not exceed the amount of 
        interest which would be credited to such Fund if such interest 
        were determined at the average interest rate on 52-week 
        Treasury securities sold to the public during such fiscal 
        year.''.
            (2) Effective date.--The amendment made by paragraph (1) 
        shall apply to fiscal years beginning after the date of the 
        enactment of this Act.

SEC. 702. SAFEGUARDS AGAINST DEFICIT SPENDING OUT OF AIRPORT AND AIRWAY 
              TRUST FUND.

    (a) In General.--Chapter 471 of title 49, United States Code, is 
amended by inserting after section 47134 the following new section:
``Sec. 47135. Safeguards against deficit spending
    ``(a) Estimates of Unfunded Aviation Authorizations and Net 
Aviation Receipts.--Not later than March 31 of each year, the 
Secretary, in consultation with the Secretary of the Treasury, shall 
estimate--
            ``(1) the amount which would (but for this section) be the 
        unfunded aviation authorizations at the close of the first 
        fiscal year that begins after that March 31, and
            ``(2) the net aviation receipts at the close of such fiscal 
        year.
    ``(b) Procedure if Excess Unfunded Aviation Authorizations.--If the 
Secretary determines for any fiscal year that the amount described in 
subsection (a)(1) exceeds the amount described in subsection (a)(2), 
the Secretary shall determine the amount of such excess.
    ``(c) Adjustment of Authorizations If Unfunded Authorizations 
Exceed Receipts.--
            ``(1) Determination of percentage.--If the Secretary 
        determines that there is an excess referred to in subsection 
        (b) for a fiscal year, the Secretary shall determine the 
        percentage which--
                    ``(A) such excess, is of
                    ``(B) the total of the amounts authorized to be 
                appropriated from the Airport and Airway Trust Fund for 
                the next fiscal year.
            ``(2) Adjustment of authorizations.--If the Secretary 
        determines a percentage under paragraph (1), each amount 
        authorized to be appropriated from the Airport and Airway Trust 
        Fund for the next fiscal year shall be reduced by such 
percentage.
    ``(d) Availability of Amounts Previously Withheld.--
            ``(1) Adjustment of authorizations.--If, after a reduction 
        has been made under subsection (c)(2), the Secretary determines 
        that the amount described in subsection (a)(1) does not exceed 
        the amount described in subsection (a)(2) or that the excess 
        referred to in subsection (b) is less than the amount 
        previously determined, each amount authorized to be 
        appropriated that was reduced under subsection (c)(2) shall be 
        increased, by an equal percentage, to the extent the Secretary 
        determines that it may be so increased without causing the 
        amount described in subsection (a)(1) to exceed the amount 
        described in subsection (a)(2) (but not by more than the amount 
        of the reduction).
            ``(2) Apportionment.--The Secretary shall apportion amounts 
        made available for apportionment by paragraph (1).
            ``(3) Period of availability.--Any funds apportioned under 
        paragraph (2) shall remain available for the period for which 
        they would be available if such apportionment took effect with 
        the fiscal year in which they are apportioned under paragraph 
        (2).
    ``(e) Reports.--Any estimate under subsection (a) and any 
determination under subsection (b), (c), or (d) shall be reported by 
the Secretary to Congress.
    ``(f) Definitions.--For purposes of this section, the following 
definitions apply:
            ``(1) Net aviation receipts.--The term `net aviation 
        receipts' means, with respect to any period, the excess of--
                    ``(A) the receipts (including interest) of the 
                Airport and Airway Trust Fund during such period, over
                    ``(B) the amounts to be transferred during such 
                period from the Airport and Airway Trust Fund under 
                section 9502(d) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 
                (other than paragraph (1) thereof).
            ``(2) Unfunded aviation authorizations.--The term `unfunded 
        aviation authorization' means, at any time, the excess (if any) 
        of--
                    ``(A) the total amount authorized to be 
                appropriated from the Airport and Airway Trust Fund 
                which has not been appropriated, over
                    ``(B) the amount available in the Airport and 
                Airway Trust Fund at such time to make such 
                appropriation (after all other unliquidated obligations 
                at such time which are payable from the Airport and 
                Airway Trust Fund have been liquidated).''.
    (b) Conforming Amendment.--The analysis for chapter 471 of title 
49, United States Code, is amended by inserting after the item relating 
to section 47134 the following:

``47135. Safeguards against deficit spending.''.

SEC. 703. SAFEGUARDS AGAINST DEFICIT SPENDING OUT OF THE INLAND 
              WATERWAYS TRUST FUND AND HARBOR MAINTENANCE TRUST FUND.

    (a) Estimates of Unfunded Inland Waterways Authorizations and Net 
Inland Waterways Receipts.--Not later than March 31 of each year, the 
Secretary of the Army, in consultation with the Secretary of the 
Treasury, shall estimate--
            (1) the amount which would (but for this section) be the 
        unfunded inland waterways authorizations and unfunded harbor 
        maintenance authorizations at the close of the first fiscal 
        year that begins after that March 31; and
            (2) the net inland waterways receipts and net harbor 
        maintenance receipts at the close of such fiscal year.
    (b) Procedure If Excess Unfunded Inland Waterways Authorizations.--
If the Secretary of the Army determines with respect to the Inland 
Waterways Trust Fund or the Harbor Maintenance Trust Fund for any 
fiscal year that the amount described in subsection (a)(1) exceeds the 
amount described in subsection (a)(2), the Secretary shall determine 
the amount of such excess.
    (c) Adjustment of Authorizations If Unfunded Authorizations Exceed 
Receipts.--
            (1) Determination of percentage.--If the Secretary of the 
        Army determines that there is an excess referred to in 
        subsection (b) for a fiscal year, the Secretary of the Army 
        shall determine the percentage which--
                    (A) such excess, is of
                    (B) the total of the amounts authorized to be 
                appropriated from the Inland Waterways Trust Fund or 
                the Harbor Maintenance Trust Fund, as the case may be, 
                for the next fiscal year.
            (2) Adjustment of authorizations.--If the Secretary of the 
        Army determines a percentage under paragraph (1), each amount 
authorized to be appropriated from the Trust Fund for the next fiscal 
year shall be reduced by such percentage.
    (d) Availability of Amounts Previously Withheld.--If, after an 
adjustment has been made under subsection (c)(2), the Secretary of the 
Army determines with respect to the Inland Waterways Trust Fund or the 
Harbor Maintenance Trust Fund that the amount described in subsection 
(a)(1) does not exceed the amount described in subsection (a)(2) or 
that the excess referred to in subsection (b) with respect to the Trust 
Fund is less than the amount previously determined, each amount 
authorized to be appropriated that was reduced under subsection (c)(2) 
with respect to the Trust Fund shall be increased, by an equal 
percentage, to the extent the Secretary of the Army determines that it 
may be so increased without causing the amount described in subsection 
(a)(1) to exceed with respect to the Trust Fund the amount described in 
subsection (a)(2) (but not by more than the amount of the reduction).
    (e) Reports.--Any estimate under subsection (a) and any 
determination under subsection (b), (c), or (d) shall be reported by 
the Secretary of the Army to Congress.
    (f) Definitions.--For purposes of this title, the following 
definitions apply:
            (1) Airport and airway trust fund.--The term ``Airport and 
        Airway Trust Fund'' means the Airport and Airway Trust Fund 
        established by section 9502 of the Internal Revenue Code of 
        1986.
            (2) Harbor maintenance trust fund.--The term ``Harbor 
        Maintenance Trust Fund'' means the Harbor Maintenance Trust 
        Fund established by section 9505 of the Internal Revenue Code 
        of 1986.
            (3) Highway trust fund.--The term ``Highway Trust Fund'' 
        means the Highway Trust Fund established by section 9503 of the 
        Internal Revenue Code of 1986.
            (4) Inland waterways trust fund.--The term ``Inland 
        Waterways Trust Fund'' means the Inland Waterways Trust Fund 
        established by section 9506 of the Internal Revenue Code of 
        1986.
            (5) Net harbor maintenance receipts.--The term ``net harbor 
        maintenance receipts'' means, with respect to any period, the 
        receipts (including interest) of the Harbor Maintenance Trust 
        Fund during such period.
            (6) Net inland waterways receipts.--The term ``net inland 
        waterways receipts'' means, with respect to any period, the 
        receipts (including interest) of the Inland Waterways Trust 
        Fund during such period.
            (7) Unfunded inland waterways authorizations.--The term 
        ``unfunded inland waterways authorizations'' means, at any 
        time, the excess (if any) of--
                    (A) the total amount authorized to be appropriated 
                from the Inland Waterways Trust Fund which has not been 
                appropriated, over
                    (B) the amount available in the Inland Waterways 
                Trust Fund at such time to make such appropriations.
            (8) Unfunded harbor maintenance authorizations.--The term 
        ``unfunded harbor maintenance authorizations'' means, at any 
        time, the excess (if any) of--
                    (A) the total amount authorized to be appropriated 
                from the Harbor Maintenance Trust Fund which has not 
                been appropriated, over
                    (B) the amount available in the Harbor Maintenance 
                Trust Fund at such time to make such appropriations.

SEC. 704. APPLICABILITY.

    This title (including the amendments made by this title) shall 
apply to fiscal years beginning after September 30, 1997.