[Congressional Bills 105th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[H.R. 2400 Engrossed Amendment Senate (EAS)]

  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  

                  In the Senate of the United States,

                                                         April 2, 1998.
      Resolved, That the bill from the House of Representatives (H.R. 
2400) entitled ``An Act to authorize funds for Federal-aid highways, 
highway safety programs, and transit programs, and for other 
purposes.'', do pass with the following

                               AMENDMENT:

            Strike out all after the enacting clause and insert:

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS.

    (a) Short Title.--This Act may be cited as the ``Intermodal Surface 
Transportation Efficiency Act of 1998''.
    (b) Table of Contents.--The table of contents of this Act is as 
follows:

Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents.
Sec. 2. Definition.

                    TITLE I--SURFACE TRANSPORTATION

Sec. 1001. Short title.

                     Subtitle A--General Provisions

Sec. 1101. Authorizations.
Sec. 1102. Apportionments.
Sec. 1103. Obligation ceiling.
Sec. 1104. Obligation authority under surface transportation program.
Sec. 1105. Emergency relief.
Sec. 1106. Federal lands highways program.
Sec. 1107. Recreational trails program.
Sec. 1108. Value pricing pilot program.
Sec. 1109. Highway use tax evasion projects.
Sec. 1110. Bicycle transportation and pedestrian walkways.
Sec. 1111. Disadvantaged business enterprises.
Sec. 1112. Federal share payable.
Sec. 1113. Studies and reports.
Sec. 1114. Definitions.
Sec. 1115. Cooperative Federal Lands Transportation Program.
Sec. 1116. Trade corridor and border crossing planning and border 
                            infrastructure.
Sec. 1117. Appalachian development highway system.
Sec. 1118. Interstate 4R and bridge discretionary program.
Sec. 1119. Magnetic levitation transportation technology deployment 
                            program.
Sec. 1120. Woodrow Wilson Memorial Bridge.
Sec. 1121. National Highway System components.
Sec. 1122. Highway bridge replacement and rehabilitation.
Sec. 1123. Congestion mitigation and air quality improvement program.
Sec. 1124. Safety belt use law requirements.
Sec. 1125. Sense of the Senate concerning reliance on private 
                            enterprise.
Sec. 1126. Study of use of uniformed police officers on Federal-aid 
                            highway construction projects.
Sec. 1127. Contracting for engineering and design services.
Sec. 1128. Additional funding.
Sec. 1129. Ambassador Bridge access, Detroit, Michigan.
Sec. 1130. Transportation assistance for Olympic cities.
Sec. 1131. National defense highways outside the United States.
Sec. 1132. National historic covered bridge preservation.

            Subtitle B--Program Streamlining and Flexibility

                     Chapter 1--General Provisions

Sec. 1201. Administrative expenses.
Sec. 1202. Real property acquisition and corridor preservation.
Sec. 1203. Availability of funds.
Sec. 1204. Payments to States for construction.
Sec. 1205. Proceeds from the sale or lease of real property.
Sec. 1206. Metric conversion at State option.
Sec. 1207. Report on obligations.
Sec. 1208. Terminations.
Sec. 1209. Interstate maintenance.
Sec. 1210. Engineering cost reimbursement.

                      Chapter 2--Project Approval

Sec. 1221. Transfer of highway and transit funds.
Sec. 1222. Project approval and oversight.
Sec. 1223. Surface transportation program.
Sec. 1224. Design-build contracting.
Sec. 1225. Integrated decisionmaking process.

                 Chapter 3--Eligibility and Flexibility

Sec. 1231. Definition of operational improvement.
Sec. 1232. Eligibility of ferry boats and ferry terminal facilities.
Sec. 1233. Flexibility of safety programs.
Sec. 1234. Eligibility of projects on the National Highway System.
Sec. 1235. Eligibility of projects under the surface transportation 
                            program.
Sec. 1236. Design flexibility.

                          Subtitle C--Finance

                     Chapter 1--General Provisions

Sec. 1301. State infrastructure bank program.

    Chapter 2--Transportation Infrastructure Finance and Innovation

Sec. 1311. Short title.
Sec. 1312. Findings.
Sec. 1313. Establishment of program.
Sec. 1314. Office of Infrastructure Finance.

                           Subtitle D--Safety

Sec. 1401. Operation lifesaver.
Sec. 1402. Railway-highway crossing hazard elimination in high speed 
                            rail corridors.
Sec. 1403. Railway-highway crossings.
Sec. 1404. Hazard elimination program.
Sec. 1405. Minimum penalties for repeat offenders for driving while 
                            intoxicated or driving under the influence.
Sec. 1406. Safety incentive grants for use of seat belts.
Sec. 1407. Automatic crash protection unbelted testing standard.
Sec. 1408. National standard to prohibit operation of motor vehicles by 
                            intoxicated individuals.
Sec. 1409. Open container laws.
Sec. 1410. Report on effects of allowing heavier weight vehicles on 
                            certain highways.

                        Subtitle E--Environment

Sec. 1501. National scenic byways program.
Sec. 1502. Public-private partnerships.
Sec. 1503. Wetland restoration pilot program.

                          Subtitle F--Planning

Sec. 1601. Metropolitan planning.
Sec. 1602. Statewide planning.
Sec. 1603. Advanced travel forecasting procedures program.
Sec. 1604. Transportation and community and system preservation pilot 
                            program.

                   Subtitle G--Technical Corrections

Sec. 1701. Federal-aid systems.
Sec. 1702. Miscellaneous technical corrections.
Sec. 1703. Nondiscrimination.
Sec. 1704. State transportation department.

                  Subtitle H--Miscellaneous Provisions

Sec. 1801. Designation of portion of State Route 17 in New York and 
                            Pennsylvania as Interstate Route 86.
Sec. 1802. Identification of high priority corridor routes in 
                            Louisiana.
Sec. 1803. Sense of Senate concerning the operation of longer 
                            combination vehicles.
Sec. 1804. International Bridge, Sault Ste. Marie, Michigan.
Sec. 1805. Amendment to National Trails System Act.
Sec. 1806. Amendments to title 23.
Sec. 1807. Limitations.
Sec. 1808. Additional qualified expenses available to nonamtrak States.
Sec. 1809. Continuance of commercial operations at certain service 
                            plazas in the State of Maryland.
Sec. 1810. Pennsylvania Station Redevelopment Corporation Board of 
                            Directors.
Sec. 1811. Union Station Redevelopment Corporation Board of Directors.
Sec. 1812. Additions to Appalachian region.
Sec. 1813. Southwest border transportation infrastructure assessment.
Sec. 1814. Modification of high priority coridor.
Sec. 1815. Designation of corridors in Mississippi and Alabama as 
                            routes on the interstate system.
Sec. 1816. Reauthorization of ferry and ferry terminal program.
Sec. 1817. Report on utilization potential.

                   TITLE II--RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY

                   Subtitle A--Research and Training

Sec. 2001. Strategic research plan.
Sec. 2002. Multimodal Transportation Research and Development Program.
Sec. 2003. National university transportation centers.
Sec. 2004. Bureau of Transportation Statistics.
Sec. 2005. Research and technology program.
Sec. 2006. Advanced research program.
Sec. 2007. Long-term pavement performance program.
Sec. 2008. State planning and research program.
Sec. 2009. Education and training.
Sec. 2010. International highway transportation outreach program.
Sec. 2011. National technology deployment initiatives and partnerships 
                            program.
Sec. 2012. Infrastructure investment needs report.
Sec. 2013. Innovative bridge research and construction program.
Sec. 2014. Use of Bureau of Indian Affairs administrative funds.
Sec. 2015. Study of future strategic highway research program.
Sec. 2016. Advanced vehicle technologies program.
Sec. 2017. Transportation and environment cooperative research program.
Sec. 2018. Recycled Materials Resource Center.
Sec. 2019. Conforming amendments.
Sec. 2020. Remote sensing and spatial information technologies.

             Subtitle B--Intelligent Transportation Systems

Sec. 2101. Short title.
Sec. 2102. Findings.
Sec. 2103. Intelligent transportation systems.
Sec. 2104. Conforming amendment.

                          Subtitle C--Funding

Sec. 2201. Funding.

    TITLE III--INTERMODAL TRANSPORTATION SAFETY AND RELATED MATTERS

Sec. 3001. Short title.
Sec. 3002. Amendment of title 49, United States Code.

                       Subtitle A--Highway Safety

Sec. 3101. Highway safety programs.
Sec. 3102. National driver register.
Sec. 3103. Authorizations of appropriations.
Sec. 3104. Motor vehicle pursuit program.
Sec. 3105. Enforcement of window glazing standards for light 
                            transmission.
Sec. 3106. Improving air bag safety.
Sec. 3107. Roadside safety technologies.

     Subtitle B--Hazardous Materials Transportation Reauthorization

Sec. 3201. Findings and purposes; definitions.
Sec. 3202. Handling criteria repeal.
Sec. 3203. Hazmat employee training requirements.
Sec. 3204. Registration.
Sec. 3205. Shipping paper retention.
Sec. 3206. Public sector training curriculum.
Sec. 3207. Planning and training grants.
Sec. 3208. Special permits, pilot programs, and exclusions.
Sec. 3209. Administration.
Sec. 3210. Cooperative agreements.
Sec. 3211. Enforcement.
Sec. 3212. Penalties.
Sec. 3213. Preemption.
Sec. 3214. Judicial review.
Sec. 3215. Hazardous material transportation reauthorization.
Sec. 3216. Authorization of appropriations.

            Subtitle C--Comprehensive One-Call Notification

Sec. 3301. Findings.
Sec. 3302. Establishment of one-call notification programs.

                    Subtitle D--Motor Carrier Safety

Sec. 3401. Statement of purposes.
Sec. 3402. Grants to States.
Sec. 3403. Federal share.
Sec. 3404. Authorization of appropriations.
Sec. 3405. Information systems and strategic safety initiatives.
Sec. 3406. Improved flow of driver history pilot program.
Sec. 3407. Motor carrier and driver safety research.
Sec. 3408. Authorization of appropriations.
Sec. 3409. Conforming amendments.
Sec. 3410. Automobile transporter defined.
Sec. 3411. Repeal of review panel; review procedure.
Sec. 3412. Commercial motor vehicle operators.
Sec. 3413. Penalties.
Sec. 3414. International registration plan and international fuel tax 
                            agreement.
Sec. 3415. Study of adequacy of parking facilities.
Sec. 3416. Application of regulations.
Sec. 3417. Authority over charter bus transportation.
Sec. 3418. Federal motor carrier safety investigations.
Sec. 3419. Foreign motor carrier safety fitness.
Sec. 3420. Commercial motor vehicle safety advisory committee.
Sec. 3421. Waivers; exemptions; pilot programs.
Sec. 3422. Commercial motor vehicle safety studies.
Sec. 3423. Increased MCSAP participation impact study.
Sec. 3424. Exemption from certain regulations for utility service 
                            commercial motor vehicle drivers.
Sec. 3425. School transportation safety.

    Subtitle E--Rail and Mass Transportation Anti-Terrorism; Safety

Sec. 3501. Purpose.
Sec. 3502. Amendments to the ``wrecking trains'' statute.
Sec. 3503. Terrorist attacks against mass transportation.
Sec. 3504. Investigative jurisdiction.
Sec. 3505. Safety considerations in grants or loans to commuter 
                            railroads.
Sec. 3506. Railroad accident and incident reporting.
Sec. 3507. Mass transportation buses.

              Subtitle F--Sportfishing and Boating Safety

Sec. 3601. Amendment of 1950 Act.
Sec. 3602. Outreach and communications programs.
Sec. 3603. Clean Vessel Act funding.
Sec. 3604. Boating infrastructure.
Sec. 3605. Boat safety funds.

                       Subtitle G--Miscellaneous

Sec. 3701. Light density rail line pilot projects.
Sec. 3702. Section 1407.
Sec. 3703. Designation of New Mexico commercial zone.

            TITLE IV--OZONE AND PARTICULATE MATTER STANDARDS

Sec. 4101. Findings and purpose.
Sec. 4102. Particulate matter monitoring program.
Sec. 4103. Ozone designation requirements.
Sec. 4104. Additional provisions.

                         TITLE V--MASS TRANSIT

Sec. 5001. Short title.
Sec. 5002. Authorizations.
Sec. 5003. Capital projects and small area flexibility.
Sec. 5004. Metropolitan planning.
Sec. 5005. Metropolitan planning organizations.
Sec. 5006. Fare box revenues.
Sec. 5007. Clean fuels formula grant program.
Sec. 5008. Capital investment grants and loans.
Sec. 5009. Transit supportive land use.
Sec. 5010. New starts.
Sec. 5011. Joint partnership for deployment of innovation.
Sec. 5012. Workplace safety.
Sec. 5013. University transportation centers.
Sec. 5014. Job access and reverse commute grants.
Sec. 5015. Grant requirements.
Sec. 5016. HHS and public transit service.
Sec. 5017. Proceeds from the sale of transit assets.
Sec. 5018. Operating assistance for small transit authorities in large 
                            urbanized areas.
Sec. 5019. Apportionment of appropriations for fixed guideway 
                            modernization.
Sec. 5020. Urbanized area formula study.
Sec. 5021. Intercity rail infrastructure investment from mass transit 
                            account of highway trust fund.
Sec. 5022. New start rating and evaluation.

                           TITLE VI--REVENUE

Sec. 6001. Short title; amendment of 1986 Code.
Sec. 6002. Extension and modification of highway-related taxes and 
                            trust fund.
Sec. 6003. Mass Transit Account.
Sec. 6004. Tax-exempt financing of qualified highway infrastructure 
                            construction.
Sec. 6005. Repeal of 1.25 cent tax rate on rail diesel fuel.
Sec. 6006. Election to receive taxable cash compensation in lieu of 
                            nontaxable qualified transportation fringe 
                            benefits.
Sec. 6007. Tax treatment of certain Federal participation payments.
Sec. 6008. Delay in effective date of new requirement for approved 
                            diesel or kerosene terminals.
Sec. 6009. Repeal of certain limitation on expenditures.

SEC. 2. DEFINITION.

    In this Act, the term ``Secretary'' means the Secretary of 
Transportation.

                    TITLE I--SURFACE TRANSPORTATION

SEC. 1001. SHORT TITLE.

    This title may be cited as the ``Surface Transportation Act of 
1998''.

                     Subtitle A--General Provisions

SEC. 1101. AUTHORIZATIONS.

    (a) In General.--For the purpose of carrying out title 23, United 
States Code, the following sums shall be available from the Highway 
Trust Fund (other than the Mass Transit Account):
            (1) Interstate and national highway system program.--For 
        the Interstate and National Highway System program under 
        section 103 of that title $11,977,000,000 for fiscal year 1998, 
        $11,949,000,000 for fiscal year 1999, $11,922,000,000 for 
        fiscal year 2000, $11,950,000,000 for fiscal year 2001, 
        $12,242,000,000 for fiscal year 2002, and $12,659,000,000 for 
        fiscal year 2003, of which--
                    (A) $4,600,000,000 for fiscal year 1998, 
                $4,609,000,000 for fiscal year 1999, $4,637,000,000 for 
                fiscal year 2000, $4,674,000,000 for fiscal year 2001, 
                $4,773,000,000 for fiscal year 2002, and $4,918,000,000 
                for fiscal year 2003 shall be available for the 
                Interstate maintenance component; and
                    (B) $1,400,000,000 for fiscal year 1998, 
                $1,403,000,000 for fiscal year 1999, $1,411,000,000 for 
                fiscal year 2000, $1,423,000,000 for fiscal year 2001, 
                $1,453,000,000 for fiscal year 2002, and $1,497,000,000 
                for fiscal year 2003 shall be available for the 
                Interstate bridge component.
            (2) Surface transportation program.--For the surface 
        transportation program under section 133 of that title 
        $7,000,000,000 for fiscal year 1998, $7,014,000,000 for fiscal 
        year 1999, $7,056,000,000 for fiscal year 2000, $7,113,000,000 
        for fiscal year 2001, $7,263,000,000 for fiscal year 2002, and 
        $7,484,000,000 for fiscal year 2003.
            (3) Congestion mitigation and air quality improvement 
        program.--For the congestion mitigation and air quality 
        improvement program under section 149 of that title 
        $1,150,000,000 for fiscal year 1998, $1,152,000,000 for fiscal 
        year 1999, $1,159,000,000 for fiscal year 2000, $1,169,000,000 
        for fiscal year 2001, $1,193,000,000 for fiscal year 2002, and 
        $1,230,000,000 for fiscal year 2003.
            (4) Federal lands highways program.--
                    (A) Indian reservation roads.--For Indian 
                reservation roads under section 204 of that title 
                $200,000,000 for each of fiscal years 1998 through 
                2003.
                    (B) Parkways and park roads.--For parkways and park 
                roads under section 204 of that title $90,000,000 for 
                each of fiscal years 1998 through 2003.
                    (C) Public lands highways.--For public lands 
                highways under section 204 of that title $172,000,000 
                for each of fiscal years 1998 through 2003.
    (b) Reduction for Amounts Made Available for Fiscal Year 1998 Under 
Surface Transportation Extension Act of 1997.--Notwithstanding any 
other provision of this Act, the Secretary shall reduce the amounts 
made available under this section, other provisions of this Act, and 
the amendments made by this Act for fiscal year 1998 by the amounts 
made available under the Surface Transportation Extension Act of 1997 
(Public Law 105-130) in the following manner:
            (1) Interstate maintenance.--
                    (A) Reduction.--The amount made available to each 
                State under the Interstate maintenance component of the 
                Interstate and National Highway System program under 
                section 104(b)(1)(A) of title 23, United States Code, 
                shall be reduced by the amount made available to the 
                State under section 2 of the Surface Transportation 
                Extension Act of 1997 (23 U.S.C. 104 note; 111 Stat. 
                2552) (and the amendments made by that Act) 
                (collectively referred to in this subsection as 
                ``STEA'') for the Interstate maintenance program.
                    (B) Insufficient interstate maintenance funds.--
                If--
                            (i) the amount made available to the State 
                        under section 2 of STEA for the Interstate 
                        maintenance program; exceeds
                            (ii) the amount made available to the State 
                        under the Interstate maintenance component 
                        under section 104(b)(1)(A) of title 23, United 
                        States Code;
                then, after the reduction required by subparagraph (A) 
                is made, the amount made available to the State under 
                the Interstate bridge and other National Highway System 
                components of the Interstate and National Highway 
                System program under subparagraphs (B) and (C) of 
                section 104(b)(1) of that title shall be reduced by the 
                amount of the excess.
            (2) Bridges.--The amount made available to each State under 
        the Interstate bridge and other National Highway System 
        components of the Interstate and National Highway System 
        program under subparagraphs (B) and (C) of section 104(b)(1) of 
        title 23, United States Code, shall be reduced by the amount 
        made available to the State under section 2 of STEA for the 
        bridge program.
            (3) National highway system.--The amount made available to 
        each State under the Interstate bridge and other National 
        Highway System components of the Interstate and National 
        Highway System program under subparagraphs (B) and (C) of 
        section 104(b)(1) of title 23, United States Code, shall be 
        reduced by the amount made available to the State under section 
        2 of STEA for the National Highway System.
            (4) Congestion mitigation and air quality improvement 
        program.--The amount made available to each State for the 
        congestion mitigation and air quality improvement program under 
        section 104(b)(2) of title 23, United States Code, shall be 
        reduced by the amount made available to the State under section 
        2 of STEA for the congestion mitigation and air quality 
        improvement program.
            (5) Metropolitan planning.--The amount made available to 
        each State for metropolitan planning under section 104(f) of 
        title 23, United States Code, shall be reduced by the amount 
        made available to the State under section 5 of STEA for 
        metropolitan planning.
            (6) Surface transportation program.--
                    (A) Safety programs.--
                            (i) Reduction.--The amount set aside for 
                        safety programs from the amount made available 
                        to each State for the surface transportation 
                        program under section 104(b)(3) of title 23, 
                        United States Code, shall be reduced by the 
                        amount set aside for safety programs from the 
                        amount made available to the State under 
                        section 2 of STEA for the surface 
                        transportation program, minimum allocation, 
                        Interstate reimbursement, the donor State 
                        bonus, hold harmless, and 90 percent of 
                        payments adjustments.
                            (ii) Insufficient safety program funds.--
                        If--
                                    (I) the amount set aside for safety 
                                programs from the amount made available 
                                to the State under section 2 of STEA 
                                for the surface transportation program, 
                                minimum allocation, Interstate 
                                reimbursement, the donor State bonus, 
                                hold harmless, and 90 percent of 
                                payments adjustments; exceeds
                                    (II) the amount set aside for 
                                safety programs from the amount made 
                                available to the State for the surface 
                                transportation program under section 
                                104(b)(3) of title 23, United States 
                                Code;
                        then, after the reduction required by clause 
                        (i) is made, the amount made available to the 
                        State for the surface transportation program 
                        under section 104(b)(3), other than the amounts 
                        set aside or suballocated under section 133(d) 
                        or 505 of that title, shall be reduced by the 
                        amount of the excess.
                    (B) Transportation enhancement activities.--
                            (i) Reduction.--The amount set aside for 
                        transportation enhancement activities from the 
                        amount made available to each State for the 
                        surface transportation program under section 
                        104(b)(3) of title 23, United States Code, 
                        shall be reduced by the amount set aside for 
                        transportation enhancement activities from the 
                        amount made available to the State under 
                        section 2 of STEA for the surface 
                        transportation program, minimum allocation, 
                        Interstate reimbursement, the donor State 
                        bonus, hold harmless, and 90 percent of 
                        payments adjustments.
                            (ii) Insufficient transportation 
                        enhancement funds.--If--
                                    (I) the amount set aside for 
                                transportation enhancement activities 
                                from the amount made available to the 
                                State under section 2 of STEA for the 
                                surface transportation program, minimum 
                                allocation, Interstate reimbursement, 
                                the donor State bonus, hold harmless, 
                                and 90 percent of payments adjustments; 
                                exceeds
                                    (II) the amount set aside for 
                                transportation enhancement activities 
                                from the amount made available to the 
                                State for the surface transportation 
                                program under section 104(b)(3) of 
                                title 23, United States Code;
                        then, after the reduction required by clause 
                        (i) is made, the amount made available to the 
                        State for the surface transportation program 
                        under section 104(b)(3), other than the amounts 
                        set aside or suballocated under section 133(d) 
                        or 505 of that title, shall be reduced by the 
                        amount of the excess.
                    (C) Suballocation by population.--The total of--
                            (i) the amount suballocated by population 
                        from the amount made available to each State 
                        for the surface transportation program under 
                        section 104(b)(3) of title 23, United States 
                        Code;
                            (ii) the amount suballocated by population 
                        from the amount made available to the State for 
                        ISTEA transition under section 1102(c); and
                            (iii) the amount suballocated by population 
                        from the amount made available to the State for 
                        minimum guarantee under section 105 of that 
                        title;
                shall be reduced by the amount suballocated by 
                population from the amount made available to the State 
                under section 2 of STEA for the surface transportation 
                program, minimum allocation, Interstate reimbursement, 
                the donor State bonus, hold harmless, and 90 percent of 
                payments adjustments.
                    (D) Surface transportation program flexible funds; 
                interstate reimbursement; equity adjustments.--
                            (i) Reduction.--The total of--
                                    (I) the amount made available to 
                                each State for the surface 
                                transportation program under section 
                                104(b)(3) of title 23, United States 
                                Code, other than the amounts set aside 
                                or suballocated under section 133(d) or 
                                505 of that title;
                                    (II) the amount made available to 
                                the State for ISTEA transition under 
                                section 1102(c), other than the amounts 
                                subject to section 133(d)(3) or 505 of 
                                that title; and
                                    (III) the amount made available to 
                                the State for minimum guarantee under 
                                section 105 of that title, other than 
                                the amount subject to section 133(d)(3) 
                                of that title;
                        shall be reduced by the amount made available 
                        to the State under section 2 of STEA for the 
                        surface transportation program, minimum 
                        allocation, Interstate reimbursement, the donor 
                        State bonus, hold harmless, and 90 percent of 
                        payments adjustments, other than the amounts 
                        set aside or suballocated under section 133(d) 
                        or 307(c) (as in effect on the day before the 
                        date of enactment of this Act) of that title.
                            (ii) Insufficient surface transportation 
                        program flexible, istea transition, and minimum 
                        guarantee funds.--If--
                                    (I) the amount made available to 
                                the State under section 2 of STEA for 
                                the surface transportation program, 
                                minimum allocation, Interstate 
                                reimbursement, the donor State bonus, 
                                hold harmless, and 90 percent of 
                                payments adjustments, other than the 
                                amounts set aside or suballocated under 
                                section 133(d) or 307(c) (as in effect 
                                on the day before the date of enactment 
                                of this Act) of that title; exceeds
                                    (II) the sum of the amounts 
                                described in subclauses (I) through 
                                (III) of clause (i), after application 
                                of the preceding provisions of this 
                                subsection;
                        then, after the reduction required by clause 
                        (i) is made, the amount made available under 
                        the Interstate bridge and other National 
                        Highway System components of the Interstate and 
                        National Highway System program under 
                        subparagraphs (B) and (C) of section 104(b)(1) 
                        of that title shall be reduced by the amount of 
                        the excess.
            (7) Funding restoration; istea sections 1103-1108 funds; 
        state planning and research.--
                    (A) Reduction.--The amount made available to each 
                State for the surface transportation program under 
                section 104(b)(3) of title 23, United States Code, 
                other than the amounts set aside or suballocated under 
                section 133(d) or 505 of that title, shall be reduced 
                by the sum of--
                            (i) the amount made available to the State 
                        for funding restoration under section 2 of 
                        STEA;
                            (ii) the amount equal to the funds provided 
                        to the State under sections 1103 through 1108 
                        of the Intermodal Surface Transportation 
                        Efficiency Act of 1991 (105 Stat. 2027) under 
                        section 2 of STEA; and
                            (iii) the amount made available from the 
                        surface transportation program under section 
                        104(b)(3) of that title for State planning and 
                        research under section 307(c) of that title (as 
                        in effect on the day before the date of 
                        enactment of this Act) for fiscal year 1998.
                    (B) Insufficient surface transportation program 
                flexible funds.--If--
                            (i) the sum of the amounts described in 
                        clauses (i) through (iii) of subparagraph (A); 
                        exceeds
                            (ii) the amount made available to each 
                        State for the surface transportation program 
                        under section 104(b)(3) of title 23, United 
                        States Code, other than the amounts set aside 
                        or suballocated under section 133(d) or 505 of 
                        that title, after application of the preceding 
                        provisions of this subsection;
                then, after the reduction required by subparagraph (A) 
                is made, the amount made available under the Interstate 
                bridge and other National Highway System components of 
                the Interstate and National Highway System program 
                under subparagraphs (B) and (C) of section 104(b)(1) of 
                that title shall be reduced by the amount of the 
                excess.
            (8) Additional allocation.--The amount made available to 
        each State for the surface transportation program under section 
        104(b)(3) of title 23, United States Code, that remains 
        available after the set-asides required by section 133(d) of 
        that title shall be reduced by the amount made available to the 
        State under section 2 of STEA for section 1015(c) of the 
        Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 (105 
        Stat. 1944).
            (9) Administrative expenses.--
                    (A) Federal highway administration.--The amount 
                made available for administrative expenses under 
                section 104(a) of title 23, United States Code, shall 
                be reduced by the amount made available under section 
                4(a)(2) of STEA.
                    (B) Woodrow wilson memorial bridge.--The amount 
                made available under section 412 of the Woodrow Wilson 
                Memorial Bridge Authority Act of 1995 shall be reduced 
                by the amount made available under section 4(a)(3) of 
                STEA.
                    (C) Bureau of transportation statistics.--The 
                amount made available under section 111(m) of title 49, 
                United States Code, shall be reduced by the amount made 
                available under section 4(b) of STEA.
            (10) Federal lands highways program.--
                    (A) Indian reservation roads.--The amount made 
                available for Indian reservation roads under section 
                204 of title 23, United States Code, shall be reduced 
                by the amount made available under section 5(a)(1) of 
                STEA.
                    (B) Public lands highways.--The amount made 
                available for public lands highways under section 204 
                of title 23, United States Code, shall be reduced by 
                the amount made available under section 5(a)(2) of 
                STEA.
                    (C) Parkways and park roads.--The amount made 
                available for parkways and park roads under section 204 
                of title 23, United States Code, shall be reduced by 
                the amount made available under section 5(a)(3) of 
                STEA.
            (11) Recreational trails program.--The amount made 
        available for the recreational trails program under section 206 
        of title 23, United States Code, shall be reduced by the amount 
        made available under section 5(b) of STEA.
            (12) Highway use tax evasion projects.--The amount made 
        available for highway use tax evasion projects under section 
        143 of title 23, United States Code, shall be reduced by the 
        amount made available under section 5(c)(1) of STEA.
            (13) National scenic byways program.--The amount made 
        available for the national scenic byways program under section 
        165 of title 23, United States Code, shall be reduced by the 
        amount made available under section 5(c)(2) of STEA.
            (14) Intelligent transportation systems.--The amount made 
        available for intelligent transportation systems under 
        subchapter II of chapter 5 of title 23, United States Code, 
        shall be reduced by the amount made available under by section 
        5(d) of STEA.
            (15) Surface transportation research.--
                    (A) Operation lifesaver.--The amount made available 
                for operation lifesaver under section 104(d)(1) of 
                title 23, United States Code, shall be reduced by the 
                amount made available under section 5(e)(1) of STEA.
                    (B) Dwight david eisenhower transportation 
                fellowship program.--The amount made available for the 
                Dwight David Eisenhower Transportation Fellowship 
                Program under section 506(c) of title 23, United States 
                Code, shall be reduced by the amount made available 
                under section 5(e)(2) of STEA.
                    (C) National highway institute.--The amount made 
                available for the National Highway Institute under 
                section 506(b) of title 23, United States Code, shall 
                be reduced by the amount made available under section 
                5(e)(3) of STEA.
            (16) Education and training.--The amount made available for 
        education and training under section 506(a) of title 23, United 
        States Code, shall be reduced by the amount made available 
        under section 5(e)(4) of STEA.
            (17) Territories.--The amount made available for the Virgin 
        Islands, Guam, American Samoa, and the Commonwealth of the 
        Northern Mariana Islands under section 104(b)(1)(C)(i) of title 
        23, United States Code, shall be reduced by the amount made 
        available under section 5(g) of STEA.

SEC. 1102. APPORTIONMENTS.

    (a) In General.--Section 104 of title 23, United States Code, is 
amended by striking subsection (b) and inserting the following:
    ``(b) Apportionments.--On October 1 of each fiscal year, the 
Secretary, after making the deduction authorized by subsection (a) and 
the set-asides authorized by subsection (f) and section 207(f), shall 
apportion the remainder of the sums made available for expenditure on 
the Interstate and National Highway System program, the congestion 
mitigation and air quality improvement program, and the surface 
transportation program, for that fiscal year, among the States in the 
following manner:
            ``(1) Interstate and national highway system program.--
                    ``(A) Interstate maintenance component.--For 
                resurfacing, restoring, rehabilitating, and 
                reconstructing the Interstate System--
                            ``(i) 50 percent in the ratio that--
                                    ``(I) the total lane miles on 
                                Interstate System routes designated 
                                under--
                                            ``(aa) section 103;
                                            ``(bb) section 139(a) (as 
                                        in effect on the day before the 
                                        date of enactment of the 
                                        Intermodal Surface 
                                        Transportation Efficiency Act 
                                        of 1998) before March 9, 1984 
                                        (other than routes on toll 
                                        roads not subject to a 
                                        Secretarial agreement under 
                                        section 105 of the Federal-Aid 
                                        Highway Act of 1978 (92 Stat. 
                                        2692)); and
                                            ``(cc) section 139(c) (as 
                                        in effect on the day before the 
                                        date of enactment of the 
                                        Intermodal Surface 
                                        Transportation Efficiency Act 
                                        of 1998);
                                in each State; bears to
                                    ``(II) the total of all such lane 
                                miles in all States; and
                            ``(ii) 50 percent in the ratio that--
                                    ``(I) the total vehicle miles 
                                traveled on lanes on Interstate System 
                                routes designated under--
                                            ``(aa) section 103;
                                            ``(bb) section 139(a) (as 
                                        in effect on the day before the 
                                        date of enactment of the 
                                        Intermodal Surface 
                                        Transportation Efficiency Act 
                                        of 1998) before March 9, 1984 
                                        (other than routes on toll 
                                        roads not subject to a 
                                        Secretarial agreement under 
                                        section 105 of the Federal-Aid 
                                        Highway Act of 1978 (92 Stat. 
                                        2692)); and
                                            ``(cc) section 139(c) (as 
                                        in effect on the day before the 
                                        date of enactment of the 
                                        Intermodal Surface 
                                        Transportation Efficiency Act 
                                        of 1998);
                                in each State; bears to
                                    ``(II) the total of all such 
                                vehicle miles traveled in all States.
                    ``(B) Interstate bridge component.--For 
                resurfacing, restoring, rehabilitating, and 
                reconstructing bridges on the Interstate System, and 
                for the purposes specified in subparagraph (A), in the 
                ratio that--
                            ``(i) the total square footage of 
                        structurally deficient and functionally 
                        obsolete bridges on the Interstate System 
                        (other than bridges on toll roads not subject 
                        to a Secretarial agreement under section 105 of 
                        the Federal-Aid Highway Act of 1978 (92 Stat. 
                        2692)) in each State; bears to
                            ``(ii) the total square footage of 
                        structurally deficient and functionally 
                        obsolete bridges on the Interstate System 
                        (other than bridges on toll roads not subject 
                        to a Secretarial agreement under section 105 of 
                        the Federal-Aid Highway Act of 1978 (92 Stat. 
                        2692)) in all States.
                    ``(C) Other national highway system component.--
                            ``(i) In general.--For the National Highway 
                        System (excluding funds apportioned under 
                        subparagraph (A) or (B)), $36,400,000 for each 
                        fiscal year to the Virgin Islands, Guam, 
                        American Samoa, and the Commonwealth of 
                        Northern Mariana Islands and the remainder 
                        apportioned as follows:
                                    ``(I) 20 percent of the 
                                apportionments in the ratio that--
                                            ``(aa) the total lane miles 
                                        of principal arterial routes 
                                        (excluding Interstate System 
                                        routes) in each State; bears to
                                            ``(bb) the total lane miles 
                                        of principal arterial routes 
                                        (excluding Interstate System 
                                        routes) in all States.
                                    ``(II) 29 percent of the 
                                apportionments in the ratio that--
                                            ``(aa) the total vehicle 
                                        miles traveled on lanes on 
                                        principal arterial routes 
                                        (excluding Interstate System 
                                        routes) in each State; bears to
                                            ``(bb) the total vehicle 
                                        miles traveled on lanes on 
                                        principal arterial routes 
                                        (excluding Interstate System 
                                        routes) in all States.
                                    ``(III) 18 percent of the 
                                apportionments in the ratio that--
                                            ``(aa) the total square 
                                        footage of structurally 
                                        deficient and functionally 
                                        obsolete bridges on principal 
                                        arterial routes (excluding 
                                        bridges on Interstate System 
                                        routes (other than bridges on 
                                        toll roads not subject to a 
                                        Secretarial agreement under 
                                        section 105 of the Federal-Aid 
                                        Highway Act of 1978 (92 Stat. 
                                        2692))) in each State; bears to
                                            ``(bb) the total square 
                                        footage of structurally 
                                        deficient and functionally 
                                        obsolete bridges on principal 
                                        arterial routes (excluding 
                                        bridges on Interstate System 
                                        routes (other than bridges on 
                                        toll roads not subject to a 
                                        Secretarial agreement under 
                                        section 105 of the Federal-Aid 
                                        Highway Act of 1978 (92 Stat. 
                                        2692))) in all States.
                                    ``(IV) 24 percent of the 
                                apportionments in the ratio that--
                                            ``(aa) the total diesel 
                                        fuel used on highways in each 
                                        State; bears to
                                            ``(bb) the total diesel 
                                        fuel used on highways in all 
                                        States.
                                    ``(V) 9 percent of the 
                                apportionments in the ratio that--
                                            ``(aa) the quotient 
                                        obtained by dividing the total 
                                        lane miles on principal 
                                        arterial highways in each State 
                                        by the total population of the 
                                        State; bears to
                                            ``(bb) the quotient 
                                        obtained by dividing the total 
                                        lane miles on principal 
                                        arterial highways in all States 
                                        by the total population of all 
                                        States.
                            ``(ii) Data.--Each calculation under clause 
                        (i) shall be based on the latest available 
                        data.
                    ``(D) Minimum apportionment.--Notwithstanding 
                subparagraphs (A) through (C), each State shall receive 
                a minimum of \1/2\ of 1 percent of the funds 
                apportioned under this paragraph.
            ``(2) Congestion mitigation and air quality improvement 
        program.--
                    ``(A) In general.--For the congestion mitigation 
                and air quality improvement program, in the ratio 
                that--
                            ``(i) the total of all weighted 
                        nonattainment and maintenance area populations 
                        in each State; bears to
                            ``(ii) the total of all weighted 
                        nonattainment and maintenance area populations 
                        in all States.
                    ``(B) Calculation of weighted nonattainment and 
                maintenance area population.--Subject to subparagraph 
                (C), for the purpose of subparagraph (A), the weighted 
                nonattainment and maintenance area population shall be 
                calculated by multiplying the population of each area 
                in a State that was a nonattainment area or maintenance 
                area as described in section 149(b) for ozone or carbon 
                monoxide by a factor of--
                            ``(i) 0.8 if--
                                    ``(I) at the time of the 
                                apportionment, the area is a 
                                maintenance area; or
                                    ``(II) at the time of the 
                                apportionment, the area is classified 
                                as a submarginal ozone nonattainment 
                                area under the Clean Air Act (42 U.S.C. 
                                7401 et seq.);
                            ``(ii) 1.0 if, at the time of the 
                        apportionment, the area is classified as a 
                        marginal ozone nonattainment area under subpart 
                        2 of part D of title I of the Clean Air Act (42 
                        U.S.C. 7511 et seq.);
                            ``(iii) 1.1 if, at the time of the 
                        apportionment, the area is classified as a 
                        moderate ozone nonattainment area under that 
                        subpart;
                            ``(iv) 1.2 if, at the time of the 
                        apportionment, the area is classified as a 
                        serious ozone nonattainment area under that 
                        subpart;
                            ``(v) 1.3 if, at the time of the 
                        apportionment, the area is classified as a 
                        severe ozone nonattainment area under that 
                        subpart;
                            ``(vi) 1.4 if, at the time of the 
                        apportionment, the area is classified as an 
                        extreme ozone nonattainment area under that 
                        subpart; or
                            ``(vii) 1.0 if, at the time of the 
                        apportionment, the area is not a nonattainment 
                        or maintenance area as described in section 
                        149(b) for ozone, but is classified under 
                        subpart 3 of part D of title I of that Act (42 
                        U.S.C. 7512 et seq.) as a nonattainment area 
                        described in section 149(b) for carbon 
                        monoxide.
                    ``(C) Additional adjustment for carbon monoxide 
                areas.--
                            ``(i) Carbon monoxide nonattainment 
                        areas.--If, in addition to being classified as 
                        a nonattainment or maintenance area for ozone, 
                        the area was also classified under subpart 3 of 
                        part D of title I of that Act (42 U.S.C. 7512 
                        et seq.) as a nonattainment area described in 
                        section 149(b) for carbon monoxide, the 
                        weighted nonattainment or maintenance area 
                        population of the area, as determined under 
                        clauses (i) through (vi) of subparagraph (B), 
                        shall be further multiplied by a factor of 1.2.
                            ``(ii) Carbon monoxide maintenance areas.--
                        If, in addition to being classified as a 
                        nonattainment or maintenance area for ozone, 
                        the area was at one time also classified under 
                        subpart 3 of part D of title I of that Act (42 
                        U.S.C. 7512 et seq.) as a nonattainment area 
                        described in section 149(b) for carbon monoxide 
                        but has been redesignated as a maintenance 
                        area, the weighted nonattainment or maintenance 
                        area population of the area, as determined 
                        under clauses (i) through (vi) of subparagraph 
                        (B), shall be further multiplied by a factor of 
                        1.1.
                    ``(D) Minimum apportionment.--Notwithstanding any 
                other provision of this paragraph, each State shall 
                receive a minimum of \1/2\ of 1 percent of the funds 
                apportioned under this paragraph.
                    ``(E) Determinations of population.--In determining 
                population figures for the purposes of this paragraph, 
                the Secretary shall use the latest available annual 
                estimates prepared by the Secretary of Commerce.
            ``(3) Surface transportation program.--
                    ``(A) In general.--For the surface transportation 
                program, in accordance with the following formula:
                            ``(i) 20 percent of the apportionments in 
                        the ratio that--
                                    ``(I) the total lane miles of 
                                Federal-aid highways in each State; 
                                bears to
                                    ``(II) the total lane miles of 
                                Federal-aid highways in all States.
                            ``(ii) 30 percent of the apportionments in 
                        the ratio that--
                                    ``(I) the total vehicle miles 
                                traveled on lanes on Federal-aid 
                                highways in each State; bears to
                                    ``(II) the total vehicle miles 
                                traveled on lanes on Federal-aid 
                                highways in all States.
                            ``(iii) 25 percent of the apportionments in 
                        the ratio that--
                                    ``(I) the total square footage of 
                                structurally deficient and functionally 
                                obsolete bridges on Federal-aid 
                                highways (excluding bridges described 
                                in subparagraphs (B) and (C)(i)(III) of 
                                paragraph (1)) in each State; bears to
                                    ``(II) the total square footage of 
                                structurally deficient and functionally 
                                obsolete bridges on Federal-aid 
                                highways (excluding bridges described 
                                in subparagraphs (B) and (C)(i)(III) of 
                                paragraph (1)) in all States.
                            ``(iv) 25 percent of the apportionments in 
                        the ratio that--
                                    ``(I) the estimated tax payments 
                                attributable to highway users in each 
                                State paid into the Highway Trust Fund 
                                (other than the Mass Transit Account) 
                                in the latest fiscal year for which 
                                data are available; bears to
                                    ``(II) the estimated tax payments 
                                attributable to highway users in all 
                                States paid into the Highway Trust Fund 
                                (other than the Mass Transit Account) 
                                in the latest fiscal year for which 
                                data are available.
                    ``(B) Data.--Each calculation under subparagraph 
                (A) shall be based on the latest available data.
                    ``(C) Minimum apportionment.--Notwithstanding 
                subparagraph (A), each State shall receive a minimum of 
                \1/2\ of 1 percent of the funds apportioned under this 
                paragraph.''.
    (b) Effect of Certain Delay in Deposits Into Highway Trust Fund.--
Section 104 of title 23, United States Code, is amended by striking 
subsection (h) and inserting the following:
    ``(h) Effect of Certain Delay in Deposits Into Highway Trust 
Fund.--Notwithstanding any other provision of law, deposits into the 
Highway Trust Fund resulting from the application of section 901(e) of 
the Taxpayer Relief Act of 1997 (111 Stat. 872) shall not be taken into 
account in determining the apportionments and allocations that any 
State shall be entitled to receive under the Intermodal Surface 
Transportation Efficiency Act of 1998 and this title.''.
    (c) ISTEA Transition.--
            (1) In general.--For each of fiscal years 1998 through 
        2003, the Secretary shall determine, with respect to each 
        State--
                    (A) the total apportionments for the fiscal year 
                under section 104 of title 23, United States Code, for 
                the Interstate and National Highway System program, the 
                surface transportation program, metropolitan planning, 
                and the congestion mitigation and air quality 
                improvement program;
                    (B) the annual average of the total apportionments 
                during the period of fiscal years 1992 through 1997 for 
                all Federal-aid highway programs (as defined in section 
                101 of title 23, United States Code), excluding 
                apportionments for the Federal lands highways program 
                under section 204 of that title;
                    (C) the annual average of the total apportionments 
                during the period of fiscal years 1992 through 1997 for 
                all Federal-aid highway programs (as defined in section 
                101 of title 23, United States Code), excluding--
                            (i) apportionments authorized under section 
                        104 of that title for construction of the 
                        Interstate System;
                            (ii) apportionments for the Interstate 
                        substitute program under section 103(e)(4) of 
                        that title (as in effect on the day before the 
                        date of enactment of this Act);
                            (iii) apportionments for the Federal lands 
                        highways program under section 204 of that 
                        title; and
                            (iv) adjustments to sums apportioned under 
                        section 104 of that title due to the hold 
                        harmless adjustment under section 1015(a) of 
                        the Intermodal Surface Transportation 
                        Efficiency Act of 1991 (23 U.S.C. 104 note; 105 
                        Stat. 1943);
                    (D) the product obtained by multiplying--
                            (i) the annual average of the total 
                        apportionments determined under subparagraph 
                        (B); by
                            (ii) the applicable percentage determined 
                        under paragraph (2); and
                    (E) the product obtained by multiplying--
                            (i) the annual average of the total 
                        apportionments determined under subparagraph 
                        (C); by
                            (ii) the applicable percentage determined 
                        under paragraph (2).
            (2) Applicable percentages.--
                    (A) Fiscal year 1998.--For fiscal year 1998--
                            (i) the applicable percentage referred to 
                        in paragraph (1)(D)(ii) shall be 145 percent; 
                        and
                            (ii) the applicable percentage referred to 
                        in paragraph (1)(E)(ii) shall be 107 percent.
                    (B) Fiscal years thereafter.--For each of fiscal 
                years 1999 through 2003, the applicable percentage 
                referred to in paragraph (1)(D)(ii) or (1)(E)(ii), 
                respectively, shall be a percentage equal to the 
                product obtained by multiplying--
                            (i) the percentage specified in clause (i) 
                        or (ii), respectively, of subparagraph (A); by
                            (ii) the percentage that--
                                    (I) the total contract authority 
                                made available under this Act and title 
                                23, United States Code, for Federal-aid 
                                highway programs for the fiscal year; 
                                bears to
                                    (II) the total contract authority 
                                made available under this Act and title 
                                23, United States Code, for Federal-aid 
                                highway programs for fiscal year 1998.
            (3) Maximum transition.--
                    (A) In general.--For each of fiscal years 1998 
                through 2003, in the case of each State with respect to 
                which the total apportionments determined under 
                paragraph (1)(A) is greater than the product determined 
                under paragraph (1)(D), the Secretary shall reduce 
                proportionately the apportionments to the State under 
                section 104 of title 23, United States Code, for the 
                National Highway System component of the Interstate and 
                National Highway System program, the surface 
                transportation program, and the congestion mitigation 
                and air quality improvement program so that the total 
                of the apportionments is equal to the product 
                determined under paragraph (1)(D).
                    (B) Redistribution of funds.--
                            (i) In general.--Subject to clause (ii), 
                        funds made available under subparagraph (A) 
                        shall be redistributed proportionately under 
                        section 104 of title 23, United States Code, 
                        for the Interstate and National Highway System 
                        program, the surface transportation program, 
                        and the congestion mitigation and air quality 
                        improvement program, to States not subject to a 
                        reduction under subparagraph (A).
                            (ii) Limitation.--The ratio that--
                                    (I) the total apportionments to a 
                                State under section 104 of title 23, 
                                United States Code, for the Interstate 
                                and National Highway System program, 
                                the surface transportation program, 
                                metropolitan planning, and the 
                                congestion mitigation and air quality 
                                improvement program, after the 
                                application of clause (i); bears to
                                    (II) the annual average of the 
                                total apportionments determined under 
                                paragraph (1)(B) with respect to the 
                                State;
                        may not exceed, in the case of fiscal year 
                        1998, 145 percent, and, in the case of each of 
                        fiscal years 1999 through 2003, 145 percent as 
                        adjusted in the manner described in paragraph 
                        (2)(B).
            (4) Minimum transition.--
                    (A) In general.--For each of fiscal years 1998 
                through 2003, the Secretary shall apportion to each 
                State such additional amounts as are necessary to 
                ensure that--
                            (i) the total apportionments to the State 
                        under section 104 of title 23, United States 
                        Code, for the Interstate and National Highway 
                        System program, the surface transportation 
                        program, metropolitan planning, and the 
                        congestion mitigation and air quality 
                        improvement program, after the application of 
                        paragraph (3); is equal to
                            (ii) the greater of--
                                    (I) the product determined with 
                                respect to the State under paragraph 
                                (1)(E); or
                                    (II) the total apportionments to 
                                the State for fiscal year 1997 for all 
                                Federal-aid highway programs, 
                                excluding--
                                            (aa) apportionments for the 
                                        Federal lands highways program 
                                        under section 204 of title 23, 
                                        United States Code;
                                            (bb) adjustments to sums 
                                        apportioned under section 104 
                                        of that title due to the hold 
                                        harmless adjustment under 
                                        section 1015(a) of the 
                                        Intermodal Surface 
                                        Transportation Efficiency Act 
                                        of 1991 (23 U.S.C. 104 note; 
                                        105 Stat. 1943); and
                                            (cc) demonstration projects 
                                        under the Intermodal Surface 
                                        Transportation Efficiency Act 
                                        of 1991 (Public Law 102-240).
                    (B) Obligation.--Amounts apportioned under 
                subparagraph (A)--
                            (i) shall be considered to be sums made 
                        available for expenditure on the surface 
                        transportation program, except that--
                                    (I) the amounts shall not be 
                                subject to paragraphs (1) and (2) of 
                                section 133(d) of title 23, United 
                                States Code; and
                                    (II) 50 percent of the amounts 
                                shall be subject to section 133(d)(3) 
                                of that title;
                            (ii) shall be available for any purpose 
                        eligible for funding under section 133 of that 
                        title; and
                            (iii) shall remain available for obligation 
                        for a period of 3 years after the last day of 
                        the fiscal year for which the amounts are 
                        apportioned.
                    (C) Authorization of contract authority.--
                            (i) In general.--There shall be available 
                        from the Highway Trust Fund (other than the 
                        Mass Transit Account) such sums as are 
                        necessary to carry out this paragraph.
                            (ii) Contract authority.--Funds authorized 
                        under this subparagraph shall be available for 
                        obligation in the same manner as if the funds 
                        were apportioned under chapter 1 of title 23, 
                        United States Code.
    (d) Minimum Guarantee.--
            (1) In general.--Section 105 of title 23, United States 
        Code, is amended to read as follows:
``Sec. 105. Minimum guarantee
    ``(a) Adjustment.--
            ``(1) In general.--In fiscal year 1998 and each fiscal year 
        thereafter on October 1, or as soon as practicable thereafter, 
        the Secretary shall allocate among the States amounts 
        sufficient to ensure that--
                    ``(A) the ratio that--
                            ``(i) each State's percentage of the total 
                        apportionments for the fiscal year--
                                    ``(I) under section 104 for the 
                                Interstate and National Highway System 
                                program, the surface transportation 
                                program, metropolitan planning, and the 
                                congestion mitigation and air quality 
                                improvement program; and
                                    ``(II) under this section and 
                                section 1102(c) of the Intermodal 
                                Surface Transportation Efficiency Act 
                                of 1998 for ISTEA transition; bears to
                            ``(ii) each State's percentage of estimated 
                        tax payments attributable to highway users in 
                        the State paid into the Highway Trust Fund 
                        (other than the Mass Transit Account) in the 
                        latest fiscal year for which data are 
                        available;
                is not less than 0.90; and
                    ``(B) in the case of a State specified in paragraph 
                (2), the State's percentage of the total apportionments 
                for the fiscal year described in subclauses (I) and 
                (II) of subparagraph (A)(i) is--
                            ``(i) not less than the percentage 
                        specified for the State in paragraph (2); but
                            ``(ii) not greater than the product 
                        determined for the State under section 
                        1102(c)(1)(D) of the Intermodal Surface 
                        Transportation Efficiency Act of 1998 for the 
                        fiscal year.
            ``(2) State percentages.--The percentage referred to in 
        paragraph (1)(B) for a specified State shall be determined in 
        accordance with the following table:

``State                                                      Percentage
        Alaska....................................                1.24 
        Arkansas..................................                1.33 
        Delaware..................................                0.47 
        Hawaii....................................                0.55 
        Idaho.....................................                0.82 
        Montana...................................                1.06 
        Nevada....................................                0.73 
        New Hampshire.............................                0.52 
        New Jersey................................                2.41 
        New Mexico................................                1.05 
        North Dakota..............................                0.73 
        Rhode Island..............................                0.58 
        South Dakota..............................                0.78 
        Vermont...................................                0.47 
        Wyoming...................................                0.76.
    ``(b) Treatment of Allocations.--
            ``(1) Obligation.--Amounts allocated under subsection (a)--
                    ``(A) shall be available for obligation when 
                allocated and shall remain available for obligation for 
                a period of 3 years after the last day of the fiscal 
                year for which the amounts are allocated; and
                    ``(B) shall be available for any purpose eligible 
                for funding under this title.
            ``(2) Set-aside.--Fifty percent of the amounts allocated 
        under subsection (a) shall be subject to section 133(d)(3).
    ``(c) Treatment of Withheld Apportionments.--For the purpose of 
subsection (a), any funds that, but for section 158(b) or any other 
provision of law under which Federal-aid highway funds are withheld 
from apportionment, would be apportioned to a State for a fiscal year 
under a section referred to in subsection (a) shall be treated as being 
apportioned in that fiscal year.
    ``(d) Authorization of Contract Authority.--There shall be 
available from the Highway Trust Fund (other than the Mass Transit 
Account) such sums as are necessary to carry out this section.''.
            (2) Conforming amendment.--The analysis for chapter 1 of 
        title 23, United States Code, is amended by striking the item 
        relating to section 105 and inserting the following:

``105. Minimum guarantee.''.
    (e) Audits of Highway Trust Fund.--Section 104 of title 23, United 
States Code, is amended by striking subsection (i) and inserting the 
following:
    ``(i) Audits of Highway Trust Fund.--From available administrative 
funds deducted under subsection (a), the Secretary may reimburse the 
Office of Inspector General of the Department of Transportation for the 
conduct of annual audits of financial statements in accordance with 
section 3521 of title 31.''.
    (f) Technical Amendments.--Section 104 of title 23, United States 
Code, is amended--
            (1) in subsection (e)--
                    (A) by inserting ``Notification to States.--'' 
                after ``(e)'';
                    (B) in the first sentence--
                            (i) by striking ``(other than under 
                        subsection (b)(5) of this section)''; and
                            (ii) by striking ``and research'';
                    (C) by striking the second sentence; and
                    (D) in the last sentence, by striking ``, except 
                that'' and all that follows through ``such funds''; and
            (2) in subsection (f)--
                    (A) by striking ``(f)(1) On'' and inserting the 
                following:
    ``(f) Metropolitan Planning.--
            ``(1) Set-aside.--On'';
                    (B) by striking ``(2) These'' and inserting the 
                following:
            ``(2) Apportionment to states of set-aside funds.--These'';
                    (C) by striking ``(3) The'' and inserting the 
                following:
            ``(3) Use of funds.--The''; and
                    (D) by striking ``(4) The'' and inserting the 
                following:
            ``(4) Distribution of funds within states.--The''.
    (g) Conforming Amendments.--
            (1) Section 146(a) of title 23, United States Code, is 
        amended in the first sentence by striking ``, 104(b)(2), and 
        104(b)(6)'' and inserting ``and 104(b)(3)''.
            (2)(A) Section 150 of title 23, United States Code, is 
        repealed.
            (B) The analysis for chapter 1 of title 23, United States 
        Code, is amended by striking the item relating to section 150.
            (3) Section 158 of title 23, United States Code, is 
        amended--
                    (A) in subsection (a)--
                            (i) by striking paragraph (1);
                            (ii) by redesignating paragraphs (2) and 
                        (3) as paragraphs (1) and (2), respectively;
                            (iii) in paragraph (1) (as so 
                        redesignated)--
                                    (I) by striking ``After the first 
                                year'' and inserting ``In general''; 
                                and
                                    (II) by striking ``, 104(b)(2), 
                                104(b)(5), and 104(b)(6)'' and 
                                inserting ``and 104(b)(3)''; and
                            (iv) in paragraph (2) (as redesignated by 
                        clause (ii)), by striking ``paragraphs (1) and 
                        (2) of this subsection'' and inserting 
                        ``paragraph (1)''; and
                    (B) by striking subsection (b) and inserting the 
                following:
    ``(b) Effect of Withholding of Funds.--No funds withheld under this 
section from apportionment to any State after September 30, 1988, shall 
be available for apportionment to that State.''.
            (4)(A) Section 157 of title 23, United States Code, is 
        repealed.
            (B) The analysis for chapter 1 of title 23, United States 
        Code, is amended by striking the item relating to section 157.
            (5)(A) Section 115(b)(1) of title 23, United States Code, 
        is amended by striking ``or 104(b)(5), as the case may be,''.
            (B) Section 137(f)(1) of title 23, United States Code, is 
        amended by striking ``section 104(b)(5)(B) of this title'' and 
        inserting ``section 104(b)(1)''.
            (C) Section 141(c) of title 23, United States Code, is 
        amended by striking ``section 104(b)(5) of this title'' each 
        place it appears and inserting ``section 104(b)(1)(A)''.
            (D) Section 142(c) of title 23, United States Code, is 
        amended by striking ``(other than section 104(b)(5)(A))''.
            (E) Section 159 of title 23, United States Code, is 
        amended--
                    (i) by striking ``(5) of'' each place it appears 
                and inserting ``(5) (as in effect on the day before the 
                date of enactment of the Intermodal Surface 
                Transportation Efficiency Act of 1998) of''; and
                    (ii) in subsection (b)--
                            (I) in paragraphs (1)(A)(i) and (3)(A), by 
                        striking ``section 104(b)(5)(A)'' each place it 
                        appears and inserting ``section 104(b)(5)(A) 
                        (as in effect on the day before the date of 
                        enactment of the Intermodal Surface 
                        Transportation Efficiency Act of 1998)'';
                            (II) in paragraph (1)(A)(ii), by striking 
                        ``section 104(b)(5)(B)'' and inserting 
                        ``section 104(b)(5)(B) (as in effect on the day 
                        before the date of enactment of the Intermodal 
                        Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 
                        1998)'';
                            (III) in paragraph (3)(B), by striking 
                        ``(5)(B)'' and inserting ``(5)(B) (as in effect 
                        on the day before the date of enactment of the 
                        Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency 
                        Act of 1998)''; and
                            (IV) in paragraphs (3) and (4), by striking 
                        ``section 104(b)(5)'' each place it appears and 
                        inserting ``section 104(b)(5) (as in effect on 
                        the day before the date of enactment of the 
                        Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency 
                        Act of 1998)''.
            (F) Section 161(a) of title 23, United States Code, is 
        amended by striking ``paragraphs (1), (3), and (5)(B) of 
        section 104(b)'' each place it appears and inserting 
        ``paragraphs (1) and (3) of section 104(b)''.
            (6)(A) Section 104(g) of title 23, United States Code, is 
        amended--
                    (i) in the first sentence, by striking ``sections 
                130, 144, and 152 of this title'' and inserting 
                ``subsection (b)(1)(B) and sections 130 and 152'';
                    (ii) in the first and second sentences--
                            (I) by striking ``section'' and inserting 
                        ``provision''; and
                            (II) by striking ``such sections'' and 
                        inserting ``those provisions''; and
                    (iii) in the third sentence--
                            (I) by striking ``section 144'' and 
                        inserting ``subsection (b)(1)(B)''; and
                            (II) by striking ``subsection (b)(1)'' and 
                        inserting ``subsection (b)(1)(C)''.
            (B) Section 115 of title 23, United States Code, is 
        amended--
                    (i) in subsection (a)(1)(A)(i), by striking 
                ``104(b)(2), 104(b)(3), 104(f), 144,'' and inserting 
                ``104(b)(1)(B), 104(b)(2), 104(b)(3), 104(f),''; and
                    (ii) in subsection (c), by striking ``144,,''.
            (C) Section 120(e) of title 23, United States Code, is 
        amended in the last sentence by striking ``and in section 144 
        of this title''.
            (D) Section 151(d) of title 23, United States Code, is 
        amended by striking ``section 104(a), section 307(a), and 
        section 144 of this title'' and inserting ``subsections (a) and 
        (b)(1)(B) of section 104 and section 307(a)''.
            (E) Section 204(c) of title 23, United States Code, is 
        amended in the first sentence by striking ``or section 144 of 
        this title''.
            (F) Section 303(g) of title 23, United States Code, is 
        amended by striking ``section 144 of this title'' and inserting 
        ``section 104(b)(1)(B)''.
            (7) Section 142(b) of title 23, United States Code, is 
        amended by striking ``paragraph (5) of subsection (b) of 
        section 104 of this title'' and inserting ``section 
        104(b)(1)(A)''.
            (8) Section 152(e) of title 23, United States Code, is 
        amended in the second sentence by striking ``section 
        104(b)(1)'' and inserting ``section 104(b)''.

SEC. 1103. OBLIGATION CEILING.

    (a) General Limitations.--Subject to the other provisions of this 
section and notwithstanding any other provision of law, the total 
amount of all obligations for Federal-aid highways and highway safety 
construction programs shall not exceed--
            (1) $21,500,000,000 for fiscal year 1998;
            (2) $28,462,000,000 for fiscal year 1999;
            (3) $28,894,000,000 for fiscal year 2000;
            (4) $29,334,000,000 for fiscal year 2001;
            (5) $29,800,000,000 for fiscal year 2002; and
            (6) $30,319,000,000 for fiscal year 2003.
    (b) Exceptions.--
            (1) In general.--The limitations under subsection (a) shall 
        not apply to obligations of funds under--
                    (A) section 105(a) of title 23, United States Code 
                (but, for each of fiscal years 1998 through 2007, only 
                in an amount equal to the amount included for section 
                157 of title 23, United States Code, in the baseline 
                determined by the Congressional Budget Office for the 
                fiscal year 1998 budget (as specified in the letter 
                from the Director of the Congressional Budget Office to 
                the Chairman of the Senate Committee on Environment and 
                Public Works, dated March 12, 1998)), excluding amounts 
                allocated under section 105(a)(1)(B) of that title;
                    (B) section 125 of that title;
                    (C) section 157 of that title (as in effect on the 
                day before the date of enactment of this Act);
                    (D) section 147 of the Surface Transportation 
                Assistance Act of 1978 (23 U.S.C. 144 note; 92 Stat. 
                2714);
                    (E) section 9 of the Federal-Aid Highway Act of 
                1981 (95 Stat. 1701);
                    (F) subsections (b) and (j) of section 131 of the 
                Surface Transportation Assistance Act of 1982 (96 Stat. 
                2119);
                    (G) subsections (b) and (c) of section 149 of the 
                Surface Transportation and Uniform Relocation 
                Assistance Act of 1987 (101 Stat. 198); and
                    (H) sections 1103 through 1108 of the Intermodal 
                Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 (105 
                Stat. 2027).
            (2) Effect of other law.--A provision of law establishing a 
        limitation on obligations for Federal-aid highways and highway 
        safety construction programs may not amend or limit the 
        applicability of this subsection, unless the provision 
        specifically amends or limits that applicability.
    (c) Applicability to Transportation Research Programs.--Obligation 
limitations for Federal-aid highways and highway safety construction 
programs established by subsection (a) shall apply to transportation 
research programs carried out under chapter 5 of title 23, United 
States Code.
    (d) Obligation Authority.--Section 118 of title 23, United States 
Code, is amended by adding at the end the following:
    ``(g) Obligation Authority.--
            ``(1) Distribution.--For each fiscal year, the Secretary 
        shall--
                    ``(A) distribute the total amount of obligation 
                authority for Federal-aid highways and highway safety 
                construction programs made available for the fiscal 
                year by allocation in the ratio that--
                            ``(i) the total of the sums made available 
                        for Federal-aid highways and highway safety 
                        construction programs (excluding demonstration 
                        projects) that are apportioned or allocated to 
                        each State for the fiscal year; bears to
                            ``(ii) the total of the sums made available 
                        for Federal-aid highways and highway safety 
                        construction programs (excluding demonstration 
                        projects) that are apportioned or allocated to 
                        all States for the fiscal year;
                    ``(B) provide all States with authority sufficient 
                to prevent lapses of sums made available for Federal-
                aid highways that have been apportioned to a State; and
                    ``(C) notwithstanding subparagraphs (A) and (B), 
                not distribute--
                            ``(i) amounts deducted under section 104(a) 
                        for administrative expenses;
                            ``(ii) amounts set aside under section 
                        104(k) for Interstate 4R and bridge projects;
                            ``(iii) amounts made available under 
                        sections 143, 164, 165, 204, 206, 207, and 322;
                            ``(iv) amounts made available under section 
                        111 of title 49;
                            ``(v) amounts made available under section 
                        201 of the Appalachian Regional Development Act 
                        of 1965 (40 U.S.C. App.);
                            ``(vi) amounts made available under section 
                        1012(b) of the Intermodal Surface 
                        Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 (23 
                        U.S.C. 149 note; 105 Stat. 1938);
                            ``(vii) amounts made available under 
                        sections 1503, 1603, and 1604 of the Intermodal 
                        Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1998;
                            ``(viii) amounts made available under 
                        section 149(d) of the Surface Transportation 
                        and Uniform Relocation Assistance Act of 1987 
                        (101 Stat. 201);
                            ``(ix) amounts made available under section 
                        105(a)(1)(A) to the extent that the amounts are 
                        subject to any obligation limitation under 
                        section 1103(a) of the Intermodal Surface 
                        Transportation Efficiency Act of 1998;
                            ``(x) amounts made available for 
                        implementation of programs under chapter 5 of 
                        this title and sections 5222, 5232, and 5241 of 
                        title 49;
                            ``(xi) amounts set aside under section 
                        104(d) for operation lifesaver and railway-
                        highway crossing hazard elimination in high 
                        speed rail corridors; and
                            ``(xii) amounts made available under 
                        section 412 of the Woodrow Wilson Memorial 
                        Bridge Authority Act of 1995.
                            ``(xiii) amounts set aside under section 
                        1133.
            ``(2) Redistribution.--Notwithstanding paragraph (1), the 
        Secretary shall, after August 1 of each of fiscal years 1998 
        through 2003--
                    ``(A) revise a distribution of the funds made 
                available under paragraph (1) for the fiscal year if a 
                State will not obligate the amount distributed during 
                the fiscal year; and
                    ``(B) redistribute sufficient amounts to those 
                States able to obligate amounts in addition to the 
                amounts previously distributed during the fiscal year, 
                giving priority to those States that have large 
                unobligated balances of funds apportioned under section 
                104 and under section 144 (as in effect on the day 
                before the date of enactment of this subparagraph).
            ``(3) Demonstration projects.--
                    ``(A) Applicability of obligation limitations.--
                Notwithstanding any other provision of law, a 
                demonstration project shall be subject to any 
                limitation on obligations established by law that 
                applies to Federal-aid highways and highway safety 
                construction programs.
                    ``(B) Maximum obligation level.--For each fiscal 
                year, a State may obligate for demonstration projects 
                an amount of the obligation authority for Federal-aid 
                highways and highway safety construction programs made 
                available to the State for the fiscal year that is not 
                more than the product obtained by multiplying--
                            ``(i) the total of the sums made available 
                        for demonstration projects in the State for the 
                        fiscal year; by
                            ``(ii) the ratio that--
                                    ``(I) the total amount of the 
                                obligation authority for Federal-aid 
                                highways and highway safety 
                                construction programs (including 
                                demonstration projects) made available 
                                to the State for the fiscal year; bears 
                                to
                                    ``(II) the total of the sums made 
                                available for Federal-aid highways and 
                                highway safety construction programs 
                                (including demonstration projects) that 
                                are apportioned or allocated to the 
                                State for the fiscal year.
            ``(4) Definition of demonstration project.--In this 
        subsection, the term `demonstration project' means a 
        demonstration project or similar project (including any project 
        similar to a project authorized under any of sections 1103 
        through 1108 of the Intermodal Surface Transportation 
        Efficiency Act of 1991 (105 Stat. 2027)) that is funded from 
        the Highway Trust Fund (other than the Mass Transit Account) 
        and authorized under--
                    ``(A) the Intermodal Surface Transportation 
                Efficiency Act of 1998; or
                    ``(B) any law enacted after the date of enactment 
                of that Act.''.
    (e) Limitations on Obligations for Administrative Expenses.--
Notwithstanding any other provision of law, the total amount of all 
obligations under section 104(a) of title 23, United States Code, shall 
not exceed--
            (1) $301,725,000 for fiscal year 1999;
            (2) $302,055,000 for fiscal year 2000;
            (3) $303,480,000 for fiscal year 2001;
            (4) $310,470,000 for fiscal year 2002; and
            (5) $320,595,000 for fiscal year 2003.
    (f) Applicability of Obligation Limitations.--An obligation 
limitation established by a provision of any other Act shall not apply 
to obligations under a program funded under this Act or title 23, 
United States Code, unless--
            (1) the provision specifically amends or limits the 
        applicability of this subsection; or
            (2) an obligation limitation is specified in this Act with 
        respect to the program.

SEC. 1104. OBLIGATION AUTHORITY UNDER SURFACE TRANSPORTATION PROGRAM.

    Section 133 of title 23, United States Code, is amended by striking 
subsection (f) and inserting the following:
    ``(f) Obligation Authority.--
            ``(1) In general.--A State that is required to obligate in 
        an urbanized area with an urbanized area population of over 
        200,000 individuals under subsection (d) funds apportioned to 
        the State under section 104(b)(3) shall make available during 
        the 3-fiscal year period of 1998 through 2000, and the 3-fiscal 
        year period of 2001 through 2003, an amount of obligation 
        authority distributed to the State for Federal-aid highways and 
        highway safety construction programs for use in the area that 
        is equal to the amount obtained by multiplying--
                    ``(A) the aggregate amount of funds that the State 
                is required to obligate in the area under subsection 
                (d) during each such period; by
                    ``(B) the ratio that--
                            ``(i) the aggregate amount of obligation 
                        authority distributed to the State for Federal-
                        aid highways and highway safety construction 
                        programs during the period; bears to
                            ``(ii) the total of the sums apportioned to 
                        the State for Federal-aid highways and highway 
                        safety construction programs (excluding sums 
                        not subject to an obligation limitation) during 
                        the period.
            ``(2) Joint responsibility.--Each State, each affected 
        metropolitan planning organization, and the Secretary shall 
        jointly ensure compliance with paragraph (1).''.

SEC. 1105. EMERGENCY RELIEF.

    (a) Federal Share.--Section 120(e) of title 23, United States Code, 
is amended in the first sentence by striking ``highway system'' and 
inserting ``highway''.
    (b) Eligibility and Funding.--Section 125 of title 23, United 
States Code, is amended--
            (1) by striking subsection (a);
            (2) by redesignating subsections (b), (c), and (d) as 
        subsections (d), (e), and (f), respectively;
            (3) by inserting after the section heading the following:
    ``(a) General Eligibility.--Subject to this section and section 
120, an emergency fund is authorized for expenditure by the Secretary 
for the repair or reconstruction of highways, roads, and trails, in any 
part of the United States, including Indian reservations, that the 
Secretary finds have suffered serious damage as a result of--
            ``(1) natural disaster over a wide area, such as by a 
        flood, hurricane, tidal wave, earthquake, severe storm, or 
        landslide; or
            ``(2) catastrophic failure from any external cause.
    ``(b) Restriction on Eligibility.--In no event shall funds be used 
pursuant to this section for the repair or reconstruction of bridges 
that have been permanently closed to all vehicular traffic by the State 
or responsible local official because of imminent danger of collapse 
due to a structural deficiency or physical deterioration.
    ``(c) Funding.--Subject to the following limitations, there are 
hereby made available from the Highway Trust Fund (other than the Mass 
Transit Account) such sums as may be necessary to establish the fund 
authorized by this section and to replenish it on an annual basis:
            ``(1) Not more than $100,000,000 is authorized to be 
        obligated in any 1 fiscal year commencing after September 30, 
        1980, to carry out the provisions of this section, except that, 
        if in any fiscal year the total of all obligations under this 
        section is less than the amount authorized to be obligated in 
        such fiscal year, the unobligated balance of such amount shall 
        remain available until expended and shall be in addition to 
        amounts otherwise available to carry out this section each 
        year.
            ``(2) Pending such appropriation or replenishment, the 
        Secretary may obligate from any funds heretofore or hereafter 
        appropriated for obligation in accordance with this title, 
        including existing Federal-aid appropriations, such sums as may 
        be necessary for the immediate prosecution of the work herein 
        authorized, provided that such funds are reimbursed from the 
        appropriations authorized in paragraph (1) of this subsection 
        when such appropriations are made.'';
            (4) in subsection (d) (as so redesignated), by striking 
        ``subsection (c)'' both places it appears and inserting 
        ``subsection (e)''; and
            (5) in subsection (e) (as so redesignated), by striking 
        ``on any of the Federal-aid highway systems'' and inserting 
        ``Federal-aid highways''.
    (c) San Mateo County, California.--Notwithstanding any other 
provision of law, a project to repair or reconstruct any portion of a 
Federal-aid primary route in San Mateo County, California, that--
            (1) was destroyed as a result of a combination of storms in 
        the winter of 1982-1983 and a mountain slide; and
            (2) until its destruction, served as the only reasonable 
        access route between 2 cities and as the designated emergency 
        evacuation route of 1 of the cities;
shall be eligible for assistance under section 125(a) of title 23, 
United States Code, if the project complies with the local coastal 
plan.

SEC. 1106. FEDERAL LANDS HIGHWAYS PROGRAM.

    (a) Federal Share Payable.--Section 120 of title 23, United States 
Code, is amended by adding at the end the following:
    ``(j) Use of Federal Land Management Agency Funds.--Notwithstanding 
any other provision of law, the funds appropriated to any Federal land 
management agency may be used to pay the non-Federal share of the cost 
of any Federal-aid highway project the Federal share of which is funded 
under section 104.
    ``(k) Use of Federal Lands Highways Program Funds.--Notwithstanding 
any other provision of law, the funds made available to carry out the 
Federal lands highways program under section 204 may be used to pay the 
non-Federal share of the cost of any project that is funded under 
section 104 and that provides access to or within Federal or Indian 
lands.''.
    (b) Availability of Funds.--Section 203 of title 23, United States 
Code, is amended by adding at the end the following: ``Notwithstanding 
any other provision of law, the authorization by the Secretary of 
engineering and related work for a Federal lands highways program 
project, or the approval by the Secretary of plans, specifications, and 
estimates for construction of a Federal lands highways program project, 
shall be deemed to constitute a contractual obligation of the Federal 
Government to pay the Federal share of the cost of the project.''.
    (c) Planning and Agency Coordination.--Section 204 of title 23, 
United States Code, is amended--
            (1) by striking subsection (a) and inserting the following:
    ``(a) Establishment.--
            ``(1) In general.--Recognizing the need for all Federal 
        roads that are public roads to be treated under uniform 
        policies similar to the policies that apply to Federal-aid 
        highways, there is established a coordinated Federal lands 
        highways program that shall apply to public lands highways, 
        park roads and parkways, and Indian reservation roads and 
        bridges.
            ``(2) Transportation planning procedures.--In consultation 
        with the Secretary of each appropriate Federal land management 
        agency, the Secretary shall develop, by rule, transportation 
        planning procedures that are consistent with the metropolitan 
        and statewide planning processes required under sections 134 
        and 135.
            ``(3) Approval of transportation improvement program.--The 
        transportation improvement program developed as a part of the 
        transportation planning process under this section shall be 
        approved by the Secretary.
            ``(4) Inclusion in other plans.--All regionally significant 
        Federal lands highways program projects--
                    ``(A) shall be developed in cooperation with States 
                and metropolitan planning organizations; and
                    ``(B) shall be included in appropriate Federal 
                lands highways program, State, and metropolitan plans 
                and transportation improvement programs.
            ``(5) Inclusion in state programs.--The approved Federal 
        lands highways program transportation improvement program shall 
        be included in appropriate State and metropolitan planning 
        organization plans and programs without further action on the 
        transportation improvement program.
            ``(6) Development of systems.--The Secretary and the 
        Secretary of each appropriate Federal land management agency 
        shall, to the extent appropriate, develop by rule safety, 
        bridge, pavement, and congestion management systems for roads 
        funded under the Federal lands highways program.'';
            (2) in subsection (b), by striking the first 3 sentences 
        and inserting the following: ``Funds available for public lands 
        highways, park roads and parkways, and Indian reservation roads 
        shall be used by the Secretary and the Secretary of the 
        appropriate Federal land management agency to pay for the cost 
        of transportation planning, research, engineering, and 
        construction of the highways, roads, and parkways, or of 
        transit facilities within public lands, national parks, and 
        Indian reservations. In connection with activities under the 
        preceding sentence, the Secretary and the Secretary of the 
        appropriate Federal land management agency may enter into 
        construction contracts and other appropriate contracts with a 
        State or civil subdivision of a State or Indian tribe.'';
            (3) in the first sentence of subsection (e), by striking 
        ``Secretary of the Interior'' and inserting ``Secretary of the 
        appropriate Federal land management agency'';
            (4) in subsection (h), by adding at the end the following:
            ``(8) A project to build a replacement of the federally 
        owned bridge over the Hoover Dam in the Lake Mead National 
        Recreation Area between Nevada and Arizona.'';
            (5) by striking subsection (i) and inserting the following:
    ``(i) Transfers of Costs to Secretaries of Federal Land Management 
Agencies.--
            ``(1) Administrative costs.--The Secretary shall transfer 
        to the appropriate Federal land management agency from amounts 
        made available for public lands highways such amounts as are 
        necessary to pay necessary administrative costs of the agency 
        in connection with public lands highways.
            ``(2) Transportation planning costs.--The Secretary shall 
        transfer to the appropriate Federal land management agency from 
        amounts made available for public lands highways such amounts 
        as are necessary to pay the cost to the agency to conduct 
        necessary transportation planning for Federal lands, if funding 
        for the planning is not otherwise provided under this 
        section.''; and
            (6) in subsection (j), by striking the second sentence and 
        inserting the following: ``The Indian tribal government, in 
        cooperation with the Secretary of the Interior, and as 
        appropriate, with a State, local government, or metropolitan 
        planning organization, shall carry out a transportation 
        planning process in accordance with subsection (a).''.

SEC. 1107. RECREATIONAL TRAILS PROGRAM.

    (a) In General.--Chapter 2 of title 23, United States Code, is 
amended by inserting after section 205 the following:
``Sec. 206. Recreational trails program
    ``(a) Definitions.--
            ``(1) Motorized recreation.--The term `motorized 
        recreation' means off-road recreation using any motor-powered 
        vehicle, except for a motorized wheelchair.
            ``(2) Recreational trail; trail.--The term `recreational 
        trail' or `trail' means a thoroughfare or track across land or 
        snow, used for recreational purposes such as--
                    ``(A) pedestrian activities, including wheelchair 
                use;
                    ``(B) skating or skateboarding;
                    ``(C) equestrian activities, including carriage 
                driving;
                    ``(D) nonmotorized snow trail activities, including 
                skiing;
                    ``(E) bicycling or use of other human-powered 
                vehicles;
                    ``(F) aquatic or water activities; and
                    ``(G) motorized vehicular activities, including 
                all-terrain vehicle riding, motorcycling, snowmobiling, 
                use of off-road light trucks, or use of other off-road 
                motorized vehicles.
    ``(b) Program.--In accordance with this section, the Secretary, in 
consultation with the Secretary of the Interior and the Secretary of 
Agriculture, shall carry out a program to provide and maintain 
recreational trails (referred to in this section as the `program').
    ``(c) State Responsibilities.--To be eligible for apportionments 
under this section--
            ``(1) a State may use apportionments received under this 
        section for construction of new trails crossing Federal lands 
        only if the construction is--
                    ``(A) permissible under other law;
                    ``(B) necessary and required by a statewide 
                comprehensive outdoor recreation plan required by the 
                Land and Water Conservation Fund Act of 1965 (16 U.S.C. 
                460l-4 et seq.);
                    ``(C) approved by the administering agency of the 
                State designated under paragraph (2); and
                    ``(D) approved by each Federal agency charged with 
                management of the affected lands, which approval shall 
                be contingent on compliance by the Federal agency with 
                all applicable laws, including the National 
                Environmental Policy Act of 1969 (42 U.S.C. 4321 et 
                seq.), the Forest and Rangeland Renewable Resources 
                Planning Act of 1974 (16 U.S.C. 1600 et seq.), and the 
                Federal Land Policy and Management Act of 1976 (43 
                U.S.C. 1701 et seq.);
            ``(2) the Governor of a State shall designate the State 
        agency or agencies that will be responsible for administering 
        apportionments received under this section; and
            ``(3) the State shall establish within the State a State 
        trail advisory committee that represents both motorized and 
        nonmotorized trail users.
    ``(d) Use of Apportioned Funds.--
            ``(1) In general.--Funds made available under this section 
        shall be obligated for trails and trail-related projects that--
                    ``(A) have been planned and developed under the 
                laws, policies, and administrative procedures of each 
                State; and
                    ``(B) are identified in, or further a specific goal 
                of, a trail plan or trail plan element included or 
                referenced in a metropolitan transportation plan 
                required under section 134 or a statewide 
                transportation plan required under section 135, 
                consistent with the statewide comprehensive outdoor 
                recreation plan required by the Land and Water 
                Conservation Fund Act of 1965 (16 U.S.C. 460l-4 et 
                seq.).
            ``(2) Permissible uses.--Permissible uses of funds made 
        available under this section include--
                    ``(A) maintenance and restoration of existing 
                trails;
                    ``(B) development and rehabilitation of trailside 
                and trailhead facilities and trail linkages;
                    ``(C) purchase and lease of trail construction and 
                maintenance equipment;
                    ``(D) construction of new trails;
                    ``(E) acquisition of easements and fee simple title 
                to property for trails or trail corridors;
                    ``(F) payment of costs to the State incurred in 
                administering the program, but in an amount not to 
                exceed 7 percent of the apportionment received by the 
                State for a fiscal year; and
                    ``(G) operation of educational programs to promote 
                safety and environmental protection as these objectives 
                relate to the use of trails.
            ``(3) Use of apportionments.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Except as provided in 
                subparagraphs (B), (C), and (D), of the apportionments 
                received for a fiscal year by a State under this 
                section--
                            ``(i) 40 percent shall be used for trail or 
                        trail-related projects that facilitate diverse 
                        recreational trail use within a trail corridor, 
                        trailside, or trailhead, regardless of whether 
                        the project is for diverse motorized use, for 
                        diverse nonmotorized use, or to accommodate 
                        both motorized and nonmotorized recreational 
                        trail use;
                            ``(ii) 30 percent shall be used for uses 
                        relating to motorized recreation; and
                            ``(iii) 30 percent shall be used for uses 
                        relating to nonmotorized recreation.
                    ``(B) Small state exclusion.--Any State with a 
                total land area of less than 3,500,000 acres, and in 
                which nonhighway recreational fuel use accounts for 
                less than 1 percent of all such fuel use in the United 
                States, shall be exempted from the requirements of 
                subparagraph (A) upon application to the Secretary by 
                the State demonstrating that the State meets the 
                conditions of this subparagraph.
                    ``(C) Waiver authority.--Upon the request of a 
                State trail advisory committee established under 
                subsection (c)(3), the Secretary may waive, in whole or 
                in part, the requirements of subparagraph (A) with 
                respect to the State if the State certifies to the 
                Secretary that the State does not have sufficient 
                projects to meet the requirements of subparagraph (A).
                    ``(D) State administrative costs.--State 
                administrative costs eligible for funding under 
                paragraph (2)(F) shall be exempt from the requirements 
                of subparagraph (A).
    ``(e) Environmental Benefit or Mitigation.--To the extent 
practicable and consistent with the other requirements of this section, 
a State should give consideration to project proposals that provide for 
the redesign, reconstruction, nonroutine maintenance, or relocation of 
trails to benefit the natural environment or to mitigate and minimize 
the impact to the natural environment.
    ``(f) Federal Share.--
            ``(1) In general.--Subject to the other provisions of this 
        subsection, the Federal share of the cost of a project under 
        this section shall not exceed 80 percent.
            ``(2) Federal agency project sponsor.--Notwithstanding any 
        other provision of law, a Federal agency that sponsors a 
        project under this section may contribute additional Federal 
        funds toward the cost of a project, except that--
                    ``(A) the share attributable to the Secretary of 
                Transportation may not exceed 80 percent; and
                    ``(B) the share attributable to the Secretary and 
                the Federal agency jointly may not exceed 95 percent.
            ``(3) Use of funds from federal programs to provide non-
        federal share.--Notwithstanding any other provision of law, 
        amounts made available by the Federal Government under any 
        Federal program that are--
                    ``(A) expended in accordance with the requirements 
                of the Federal program relating to activities funded 
                and populations served; and
                    ``(B) expended on a project that is eligible for 
                assistance under this section;
        may be credited toward the non-Federal share of the cost of the 
        project.
            ``(4) Programmatic non-federal share.--A State may allow 
        adjustments to the non-Federal share of an individual project 
        under this section if the Federal share of the cost of all 
        projects carried out by the State under the program (excluding 
        projects funded under paragraph (2) or (3)) using funds 
        apportioned to the State for a fiscal year does not exceed 80 
        percent.
            ``(5) State administrative costs.--The Federal share of the 
        administrative costs of a State under this subsection shall be 
        determined in accordance with section 120(b).
    ``(g) Uses Not Permitted.--A State may not obligate funds 
apportioned under this section for--
            ``(1) condemnation of any kind of interest in property;
            ``(2) construction of any recreational trail on National 
        Forest System land for any motorized use unless--
                    ``(A) the land has been apportioned for uses other 
                than wilderness by an approved forest land and resource 
                management plan or has been released to uses other than 
                wilderness by an Act of Congress; and
                    ``(B) the construction is otherwise consistent with 
                the management direction in the approved forest land 
                and resource management plan;
            ``(3) construction of any recreational trail on Bureau of 
        Land Management land for any motorized use unless the land--
                    ``(A) has been apportioned for uses other than 
                wilderness by an approved Bureau of Land Management 
                resource management plan or has been released to uses 
                other than wilderness by an Act of Congress; and
                    ``(B) the construction is otherwise consistent with 
                the management direction in the approved management 
                plan; or
            ``(4) upgrading, expanding, or otherwise facilitating 
        motorized use or access to trails predominantly used by 
        nonmotorized trail users and on which, as of May 1, 1991, 
        motorized use is prohibited or has not occurred.
    ``(h) Project Administration.--
            ``(1) Credit for donations of funds, materials, services, 
        or new right-of-way.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Nothing in this title or other 
                law shall prevent a project sponsor from offering to 
                donate funds, materials, services, or a new right-of-
                way for the purposes of a project eligible for 
                assistance under this section. Any funds, or the fair 
                market value of any materials, services, or new right-
                of-way, may be donated by any project sponsor and shall 
                be credited to the non-Federal share in accordance with 
                subsection (f).
                    ``(B) Federal project sponsors.--Any funds or the 
                fair market value of any materials or services may be 
                provided by a Federal project sponsor and shall be 
                credited to the Federal agency's share in accordance 
                with subsection (f).
            ``(2) Recreational purpose.--A project funded under this 
        section is intended to enhance recreational opportunity and is 
        not subject to section 138 of this title or section 303 of 
        title 49.
            ``(3) Continuing recreational use.--At the option of each 
        State, funds made available under this section may be treated 
        as Land and Water Conservation Fund apportionments for the 
        purposes of section 6(f)(3) of the Land and Water Conservation 
        Fund Act of 1965 (16 U.S.C. 460l-8(f)(3)).
            ``(4) Cooperation by private persons.--
                    ``(A) Written assurances.--As a condition of making 
                available apportionments for work on recreational 
                trails that would affect privately owned land, a State 
                shall obtain written assurances that the owner of the 
                land will cooperate with the State and participate as 
                necessary in the activities to be conducted.
                    ``(B) Public access.--Any use of the apportionments 
                to a State under this section on privately owned land 
                must be accompanied by an easement or other legally 
                binding agreement that ensures public access to the 
                recreational trail improvements funded by the 
                apportionments.
    ``(i) Apportionment.--
            ``(1) Definition of eligible state.--In this subsection, 
        the term `eligible State' means a State that meets the 
        requirements of subsection (c).
            ``(2) Apportionment.--Subject to subsection (j), for each 
        fiscal year, the Secretary shall apportion--
                    ``(A) 50 percent of the amounts made available to 
                carry out this section equally among eligible States; 
                and
                    ``(B) 50 percent of the amounts made available to 
                carry out this section among eligible States in 
                proportion to the quantity of nonhighway recreational 
                fuel used in each eligible State during the preceding 
                year.
    ``(j) Administrative Costs.--
            ``(1) In general.--Whenever an apportionment is made under 
        subsection (i) of the amounts made available to carry out this 
        section, the Secretary shall first deduct an amount, not to 
        exceed 1 percent of the authorized amounts, to pay the costs to 
        the Secretary for administration of, and research authorized 
        under, the program.
            ``(2) Use of contracts.--To carry out research funded under 
        paragraph (1), the Secretary may--
                    ``(A) enter into contracts with for-profit 
                organizations; and
                    ``(B) enter into contracts, partnerships, or 
                cooperative agreements with other government agencies, 
                institutions of higher learning, or nonprofit 
                organizations.
    ``(k) Authorization of Contract Authority.--
            ``(1) In general.--There shall be available from the 
        Highway Trust Fund (other than the Mass Transit Account) to 
        carry out this section $17,000,000 for fiscal year 1998, 
        $20,000,000 for fiscal year 1999, $22,000,000 for fiscal year 
        2000, $23,000,000 for fiscal year 2001, $24,000,000 for fiscal 
        year 2002, and $25,000,000 for fiscal year 2003.
            ``(2) Contract authority.--Funds authorized under this 
        subsection shall be available for obligation in the same manner 
        as if the funds were apportioned under chapter 1, except that 
        the Federal share of the cost of a project under this section 
        shall be determined in accordance with this section.''.
    (b) Conforming Amendments.--
            (1) The Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 
        1991 is amended by striking part B of title I (16 U.S.C. 1261 
        et seq.).
            (2) The analysis for chapter 2 of title 23, United States 
        Code, is amended by striking the item relating to section 206 
        and inserting the following:

``206. Recreational trails program.''.

SEC. 1108. VALUE PRICING PILOT PROGRAM.

    (a) In General.--Section 1012(b) of the Intermodal Surface 
Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 (23 U.S.C. 149 note; 105 Stat. 
1938) is amended--
            (1) in the subsection heading, by striking ``Congestion'' 
        and inserting ``Value''; and
            (2) in paragraph (1), by striking ``congestion'' each place 
        it appears and inserting ``value''.
    (b) Increased Number of Projects.--Section 1012(b)(1) of the 
Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 (23 U.S.C. 149 
note; 105 Stat. 1938) is amended in the second sentence by striking 
``5'' and inserting ``15''.
    (c) Eligibility of Preimplementation Costs.-- Section 1012(b)(2) of 
the Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 (23 U.S.C. 
149 note; 105 Stat. 1938) is amended in the second sentence--
            (1) by inserting after ``Secretary shall fund'' the 
        following: ``all preimplementation costs and project design, 
        and''; and
            (2) by inserting after ``Secretary may not fund'' the 
        following: ``the implementation costs of''.
    (d) Tolling.--Section 1012(b)(4) of the Intermodal Surface 
Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 (23 U.S.C. 149 note; 105 Stat. 
1938) is amended by striking ``a pilot program under this section, but 
not on more than 3 of such programs'' and inserting ``any value pricing 
pilot program under this subsection''.
    (e) HOV Passenger Requirements.--Section 1012(b) of the Intermodal 
Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 (23 U.S.C. 149 note; 105 
Stat. 1938) is amended by striking paragraph (6) and inserting the 
following:
            ``(6) HOV passenger requirements.--Notwithstanding section 
        146(c) of title 23, United States Code, a State may permit 
        vehicles with fewer than 2 occupants to operate in high 
        occupancy vehicle lanes if the vehicles are part of a value 
        pricing pilot program under this subsection.''.
    (f) Funding.--Section 1012(b) of the Intermodal Surface 
Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 (23 U.S.C. 149 note; 105 Stat. 
1938) is amended by adding at the end the following:
            ``(7) Authorization of contract authority.--
                    ``(A) In general.--There shall be available from 
                the Highway Trust Fund (other than the Mass Transit 
                Account) to carry out this subsection $8,000,000 for 
                each of fiscal years 1998 through 2003.
                    ``(B) Availability.--
                            ``(i) In general.--Funds allocated by the 
                        Secretary to a State under this subsection 
                        shall remain available for obligation by the 
                        State for a period of 3 years after the last 
                        day of the fiscal year for which the funds are 
                        authorized.
                            ``(ii) Use of unallocated funds.--If the 
                        total amount of funds made available from the 
                        Highway Trust Fund under this subsection but 
                        not allocated exceeds $8,000,000 as of 
                        September 30 of any year, the excess amount--
                                    ``(I) shall be apportioned in the 
                                following fiscal year by the Secretary 
                                to all States in accordance with 
                                section 104(b)(3) of title 23, United 
                                States Code;
                                    ``(II) shall be considered to be a 
                                sum made available for expenditure on 
                                the surface transportation program, 
                                except that the amount shall not be 
                                subject to section 133(d) of that 
                                title; and
                                    ``(III) shall be available for any 
                                purpose eligible for funding under 
                                section 133 of that title.
                    ``(C) Contract authority.--Funds authorized under 
                this paragraph shall be available for obligation in the 
                same manner as if the funds were apportioned under 
                chapter 1 of title 23, United States Code, except that 
                the Federal share of the cost of any project under this 
                subsection and the availability of funds authorized by 
                this paragraph shall be determined in accordance with 
                this subsection.''.
    (g) Conforming Amendments.--Section 1012(b) of the Intermodal 
Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 (23 U.S.C. 149 note; 105 
Stat. 1938) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (1), by striking ``projects'' each place 
        it appears and inserting ``programs''; and
            (2) in paragraph (5)--
                    (A) by striking ``projects'' and inserting 
                ``programs''; and
                    (B) by striking ``traffic, volume'' and inserting 
                ``traffic volume''.

SEC. 1109. HIGHWAY USE TAX EVASION PROJECTS.

    (a) In General.--Section 143 of title 23, United States Code, is 
amended to read as follows:
``Sec. 143. Highway use tax evasion projects
    ``(a) Definition of State.--In this section, the term `State' means 
the 50 States and the District of Columbia.
    ``(b) Projects.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall use funds made 
        available under paragraph (7) to carry out highway use tax 
        evasion projects in accordance with this subsection.
            ``(2) Allocation of funds.--The funds may be allocated to 
        the Internal Revenue Service and the States at the discretion 
        of the Secretary.
            ``(3) Conditions on funds allocated to internal revenue 
        service.--The Secretary shall not impose any condition on the 
        use of funds allocated to the Internal Revenue Service under 
        this subsection.
            ``(4) Limitation on use of funds.--Funds made available 
        under paragraph (7) shall be used only--
                    ``(A) to expand efforts to enhance motor fuel tax 
                enforcement;
                    ``(B) to fund additional Internal Revenue Service 
                staff, but only to carry out functions described in 
                this paragraph;
                    ``(C) to supplement motor fuel tax examinations and 
                criminal investigations;
                    ``(D) to develop automated data processing tools to 
                monitor motor fuel production and sales;
                    ``(E) to evaluate and implement registration and 
                reporting requirements for motor fuel taxpayers;
                    ``(F) to reimburse State expenses that supplement 
                existing fuel tax compliance efforts; and
                    ``(G) to analyze and implement programs to reduce 
                tax evasion associated with other highway use taxes.
            ``(5) Maintenance of effort.--The Secretary may not make an 
        allocation to a State under this subsection for a fiscal year 
        unless the State certifies that the aggregate expenditure of 
        funds of the State, exclusive of Federal funds, for motor fuel 
        tax enforcement activities will be maintained at a level that 
        does not fall below the average level of such expenditure for 
        the preceding 2 fiscal years of the State.
            ``(6) Federal share.--The Federal share of the cost of a 
        project carried out under this subsection shall be 100 percent.
            ``(7) Authorization of contract authority.--
                    ``(A) In general.--There shall be available to the 
                Secretary from the Highway Trust Fund (other than the 
                Mass Transit Account) to carry out this subsection 
                $5,000,000 for each of fiscal years 1998 through 2003.
                    ``(B) Availability of funds.--Funds authorized 
                under this paragraph shall remain available for 
                obligation for a period of 1 year after the last day of 
                the fiscal year for which the funds are authorized.
            ``(8) In addition to funds allocated under this section, a 
        State may, at its discretion, expend up to one-fourth of one 
        percent of its annual Federal-aid apportionments under 
        104(b)(3) on initiatives to halt the evasion of payment of 
        motor fuel taxes.
    ``(c) Excise Fuel Reporting System.--
            ``(1) In general.--Not later than April 1, 1998, the 
        Secretary shall enter into a memorandum of understanding with 
        the Commissioner of the Internal Revenue Service for the 
        purposes of the development and maintenance by the Internal 
        Revenue Service of an excise fuel reporting system (referred to 
        in this subsection as the `system').
            ``(2) Elements of memorandum of understanding.--The 
        memorandum of understanding shall provide that--
                    ``(A) the Internal Revenue Service shall develop 
                and maintain the system through contracts;
                    ``(B) the system shall be under the control of the 
                Internal Revenue Service; and
                    ``(C) the system shall be made available for use by 
                appropriate State and Federal revenue, tax, or law 
                enforcement authorities, subject to section 6103 of the 
                Internal Revenue Code of 1986.
            ``(3) Authorization of appropriations from highway trust 
        fund.--
                    ``(A) In general.--There are authorized to be 
                appropriated to the Secretary from the Highway Trust 
                Fund (other than the Mass Transit Account) to carry out 
                this subsection--
                            ``(i) $8,000,000 for development of the 
                        system; and
                            ``(ii) $2,000,000 for each of fiscal years 
                        1998 through 2003 for operation and maintenance 
                        of the system.
                    ``(B) Availability.--Notwithstanding section 
                118(a), funds made available under subparagraph (A) 
                shall not be available in advance of an annual 
                appropriation.''.
    (b) Conforming Amendments.--
            (1) The analysis for chapter 1 of title 23, United States 
        Code, is amended by striking the item relating to section 143 
        and inserting the following:

``143. Highway use tax evasion projects.''.
            (2) Section 1040 of the Intermodal Surface Transportation 
        Efficiency Act of 1991 (23 U.S.C. 101 note; 105 Stat. 1992) is 
        repealed.
            (3) Section 8002 of the Intermodal Surface Transportation 
        Efficiency Act of 1991 (23 U.S.C. 101 note; 105 Stat. 2203) is 
        amended--
                    (A) in the first sentence of subsection (g), by 
                striking ``section 1040 of this Act'' and inserting 
                ``section 143 of title 23, United States Code,''; and
                    (B) by striking subsection (h).

SEC. 1110. BICYCLE TRANSPORTATION AND PEDESTRIAN WALKWAYS.

    Section 217 of title 23, United States Code, is amended--
            (1) in subsection (b)--
                    (A) by inserting ``pedestrian walkways and'' after 
                ``construction of''; and
                    (B) by striking ``(other than the Interstate 
                System)'';
            (2) in subsection (e), by striking ``, other than a highway 
        access to which is fully controlled,'';
            (3) by striking subsection (g) and inserting the following:
    ``(g) Planning and Design.--
            ``(1) In general.--Bicyclists and pedestrians shall be 
        given consideration in the comprehensive transportation plans 
        developed by each metropolitan planning organization and State 
        in accordance with sections 134 and 135, respectively.
            ``(2) Construction.--Bicycle transportation facilities and 
        pedestrian walkways shall be considered, where appropriate, in 
        conjunction with all new construction and reconstruction of 
        transportation facilities, except where bicycle and pedestrian 
        use are not permitted.
            ``(3) Safety and contiguous routes.--Transportation plans 
        and projects shall provide consideration for safety and 
        contiguous routes for bicyclists and pedestrians.'';
            (4) in subsection (h)--
                    (A) by striking ``No motorized vehicles shall'' and 
                inserting ``Motorized vehicles may not''; and
                    (B) by striking paragraph (3) and inserting the 
                following:
            ``(3) wheelchairs that are powered; and''; and
            (5) by striking subsection (j) and inserting the following:
    ``(j) Definitions.--In this section:
            ``(1) Bicycle transportation facility.--The term `bicycle 
        transportation facility' means a new or improved lane, path, or 
        shoulder for use by bicyclists or a traffic control device, 
        shelter, or parking facility for bicycles.
            ``(2) Pedestrian.--The term `pedestrian' means any person 
        traveling by foot or any mobility impaired person using a 
        wheelchair.
            ``(3) Wheelchair.--The term `wheelchair' means a mobility 
        aid, usable indoors, and designed for and used by individuals 
        with mobility impairments, whether operated manually or 
        powered.''.

SEC. 1111. DISADVANTAGED BUSINESS ENTERPRISES.

    (a) General Rule.--Except to the extent that the Secretary 
determines otherwise, not less than 10 percent of the amounts made 
available for any program under titles I, II, and V of this Act shall 
be expended with small business concerns owned and controlled by 
socially and economically disadvantaged individuals.
    (b) Definitions.--For purposes of this section, the following 
definitions apply:
            (1) Small business concern.--The term ``small business 
        concern'' has the meaning such term has under section 3 of the 
        Small Business Act (15 U.S.C. 632); except that such term shall 
        not include any concern or group of concerns controlled by the 
        same socially and economically disadvantaged individual or 
        individuals which has average annual gross receipts over the 
        preceding 3 fiscal years in excess of $16,600,000, as adjusted 
        by the Secretary for inflation.
            (2) Socially and economically disadvantaged individuals.--
        The term ``socially and economically disadvantaged 
        individuals'' has the meaning such term has under section 8(d) 
        of the Small Business Act (15 U.S.C. 637(d)) and relevant 
        subcontracting regulations promulgated pursuant thereto; except 
        that women shall be presumed to be socially and economically 
        disadvantaged individuals for purposes of this section.
    (c) Annual Listing of Disadvantaged Business Enterprises.--Each 
State shall annually survey and compile a list of the small business 
concerns referred to in subsection (a) and the location of such 
concerns in the State and notify the Secretary, in writing, of the 
percentage of such concerns which are controlled by women, by socially 
and economically disadvantaged individuals (other than women), and by 
individuals who are women and are otherwise socially and economically 
disadvantaged individuals.
    (d) Uniform Certification.--The Secretary shall establish minimum 
uniform criteria for State governments to use in certifying whether a 
concern qualifies for purposes of this section. Such minimum uniform 
criteria shall include but not be limited to on-site visits, personal 
interviews, licenses, analysis of stock ownership, listing of 
equipment, analysis of bonding capacity, listing of work completed, 
resume of principal owners, financial capacity, and type of work 
preferred.
    (e) Compliance With Court Orders.--Nothing in this section limits 
the eligibility of an entity or person to receive funds made available 
under titles I, II, and V of this Act, if the entity or person is 
prevented, in whole or in part, from complying with subsection (a) 
because a Federal court issues a final order in which the court finds 
that the requirement of subsection (a), or the program established 
under subsection (a), is unconstitutional.
    (f) Review by Comptroller General.--Not later than 3 years after 
the date of enactment of this Act, the Comptroller General of the 
United States shall conduct a review of, and publish and report to 
Congress findings and conclusions on, the impact throughout the United 
States of administering the requirement of subsection (a), including an 
analysis of--
            (1) in the case of small business concerns certified in 
        each State under subsection (d) as owned and controlled by 
        socially and economically disadvantaged individuals--
                    (A) the number of the small business concerns; and
                    (B) the participation rates of the small business 
                concerns in prime contracts and subcontracts funded 
                under titles I, II, and V of this Act;
            (2) in the case of small business concerns described in 
        paragraph (1) that receive prime contracts and subcontracts 
        funded under titles I, II, and V of this Act--
                    (A) the number of the small business concerns;
                    (B) the annual gross receipts of the small business 
                concerns; and
                    (C) the net worth of socially and economically 
                disadvantaged individuals that own and control the 
                small business concerns;
            (3) in the case of small business concerns described in 
        paragraph (1) that do not receive prime contracts and 
        subcontracts funded under titles I, II, and V of this Act--
                    (A) the annual gross receipts of the small business 
                concerns; and
                    (B) the net worth of socially and economically 
                disadvantaged individuals that own and control the 
                small business concerns;
            (4) in the case of business concerns that receive prime 
        contracts and subcontracts funded under titles I, II, and V of 
        this Act, other than small business concerns described in 
        paragraph (2)--
                    (A) the annual gross receipts of the business 
                concerns; and
                    (B) the net worth of individuals that own and 
                control the business concerns;
            (5) the rate of graduation from any programs carried out to 
        comply with the requirement of subsection (a) for small 
        business concerns owned and controlled by socially and 
        economically disadvantaged individuals;
            (6) the overall cost of administering the requirement of 
        subsection (a), including administrative costs, certification 
        costs, additional construction costs, and litigation costs;
            (7) any discrimination, on the basis of race, color, 
        national origin, or sex, against small business concerns owned 
        and controlled by socially and economically disadvantaged 
        individuals;
            (8)(A) any other factors limiting the ability of small 
        business concerns owned and controlled by socially and 
        economically disadvantaged individuals to compete for prime 
        contracts and subcontracts funded under titles I, II, and V of 
        this Act; and
            (B) the extent to which any of those factors are caused, in 
        whole or in part, by discrimination based on race, color, 
        national origin, or sex;
            (9) any discrimination, on the basis of race, color, 
        national origin, or sex, against construction companies owned 
        and controlled by socially and economically disadvantaged 
        individuals in public and private transportation contracting 
        and the financial, credit, insurance, and bond markets;
            (10) the impact on small business concerns owned and 
        controlled by socially and economically disadvantaged 
        individuals of--
                    (A) the issuance of a final order described in 
                subsection (e) by a Federal court that suspends a 
                program established under subsection (a); or
                    (B) the repeal or suspension of State or local 
                disadvantaged business enterprise programs; and
            (11) the impact of the requirement of subsection (a), and 
        any program carried out to comply with subsection (a), on 
        competition and the creation of jobs, including the creation of 
        jobs for socially and economically disadvantaged individuals.

SEC. 1112. FEDERAL SHARE PAYABLE.

    (a) In General.--Section 120 of title 23, United States Code (as 
amended by section 1106(a)), is amended--
            (1) in each of subsections (a) and (b), by adding at the 
        end the following: ``In the case of any project subject to this 
        subsection, a State may determine a lower Federal share than 
        the Federal share determined under the preceding sentences of 
        this subsection.''; and
            (2) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(l) Credit for Non-Federal Share.--
            ``(1) Eligibility.--A State may use as a credit toward the 
        non-Federal share requirement for any program under the 
        Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 
        (Public Law 102-240) or this title, other than the emergency 
        relief program authorized by section 125, toll revenues that 
        are generated and used by public, quasi-public, and private 
        agencies to build, improve, or maintain, without the use of 
        Federal funds, highways, bridges, or tunnels that serve the 
        public purpose of interstate commerce.
            ``(2) Maintenance of effort.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The credit toward any non-
                Federal share under paragraph (1) shall not reduce nor 
                replace State funds required to match Federal funds for 
                any program under this title.
                    ``(B) Conditions on receipt of credit.--
                            ``(i) Agreement with the secretary.--To 
                        receive a credit under paragraph (1) for a 
                        fiscal year, a State shall enter into such 
                        agreements as the Secretary may require to 
                        ensure that the State will maintain its non-
                        Federal transportation capital expenditures at 
                        or above the average level of such expenditures 
                        for the preceding 3 fiscal years.
                            ``(ii) Exception.--Notwithstanding clause 
                        (i), a State may receive a credit under 
                        paragraph (1) for a fiscal year if, for any 1 
                        of the preceding 3 fiscal years, the non-
                        Federal transportation capital expenditures of 
                        the State were at a level that was greater than 
                        30 percent of the average level of such 
                        expenditures for the other 2 of the preceding 3 
                        fiscal years.
            ``(3) Treatment.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Use of the credit toward a non-
                Federal share under paragraph (1) shall not expose the 
                agencies from which the credit is received to 
                additional liability, additional regulation, or 
                additional administrative oversight.
                    ``(B) Chartered multistate agencies.--When credit 
                is applied from a chartered multistate agency under 
                paragraph (1), the credit shall be applied equally to 
                all charter States.
                    ``(C) No additional standards.--A public, quasi-
                public, or private agency from which the credit for 
                which the non-Federal share is calculated under 
                paragraph (1) shall not be subject to any additional 
                Federal design standards or laws (including 
                regulations) as a result of providing the credit beyond 
                the standards and laws to which the agency is already 
                subject.''.
    (b) Technical Amendments.--
            (1) Section 104(f)(3) of title 23, United States Code, is 
        amended in the second sentence by striking ``section 120(j) of 
        this title'' and inserting ``section 120''.
            (2) Section 130(a) of title 23, United States Code, is 
        amended--
                    (A) in the first sentence, by striking ``Except as 
                provided in subsection (d) of section 120 of this 
                title'' and inserting ``Subject to section 120''; and
                    (B) in the second sentence, by striking ``except as 
                provided in subsection (d) of section 120 of this 
                title'' and inserting ``subject to section 120''.

SEC. 1113. STUDIES AND REPORTS.

    (a) Highway Economic Requirement System.--
            (1) Methodology.--
                    (A) Evaluation.--The Comptroller General of the 
                United States shall conduct an evaluation of the 
                methodology used by the Department of Transportation to 
                determine highway needs using the highway economic 
                requirement system (referred to in this subsection as 
                the ``model'').
                    (B) Required element.--The evaluation shall include 
                an assessment of the extent to which the model 
                estimates an optimal level of highway infrastructure 
                investment, including an assessment as to when the 
                model may be overestimating or underestimating 
                investment requirements.
                    (C) Report to congress.--Not later than 2 years 
                after the date of enactment of this Act, the 
                Comptroller General shall submit a report to Congress 
                on the results of the evaluation.
            (2) State investment plans.--
                    (A) Study.--In consultation with State 
                transportation departments and other appropriate State 
                and local officials, the Comptroller General of the 
                United States shall conduct a study on the extent to 
                which the highway economic requirement system of the 
                Federal Highway Administration can be used to provide 
                States with useful information for developing State 
                transportation investment plans and State 
                infrastructure investment projections.
                    (B) Required elements.--The study shall--
                            (i) identify any additional data that may 
                        need to be collected beyond the data submitted, 
                        prior to the date of enactment of this Act, to 
                        the Federal Highway Administration through the 
                        highway performance monitoring system; and
                            (ii) identify what additional work, if any, 
                        would be required of the Federal Highway 
                        Administration and the States to make the model 
                        useful at the State level.
                    (C) Report to congress.--Not later than 3 years 
                after the date of enactment of this Act, the 
                Comptroller General shall submit a report to Congress 
                on the results of the study.
    (b) International Roughness Index.--
            (1) Study.--The Comptroller General of the United States 
        shall conduct a study on the international roughness index that 
        is used as an indicator of pavement quality on the Federal-aid 
        highway system.
            (2) Required elements.--The study shall specify the extent 
        of usage of the index and the extent to which the international 
        roughness index measurement is reliable across different 
        manufacturers and types of pavement.
            (3) Report to congress.--Not later than 2 years after the 
        date of enactment of this Act, the Comptroller General shall 
        submit a report to Congress on the results of the study.
    (c) Reporting of Rates of Obligation.--Section 104 of title 23, 
United States Code, is amended--
            (1) by redesignating subsection (j) as subsection (m); and
            (2) by inserting after subsection (i) the following:
    ``(j) Reporting of Rates of Obligation.--On an annual basis, the 
Secretary shall publish or otherwise report rates of obligation of 
funds apportioned or set aside under this section and section 133 
according to--
            ``(1) program;
            ``(2) funding category or subcategory;
            ``(3) type of improvement;
            ``(4) State; and
            ``(5) sub-State geographic area, including urbanized and 
        rural areas, on the basis of the population of each such 
        area.''.
    (d) Evaluation of Procurement Practices and Project Delivery.--
            (1) Study.--The Comptroller General shall conduct a study 
        to assess--
                    (A) the impact that a utility company's failure to 
                relocate its facilities in a timely manner has on the 
                delivery and cost of Federal-aid highway and bridge 
                projects;
                    (B) methods States use to mitigate delays described 
                in subparagraph (A), including the use of the courts to 
                compel utility cooperation;
                    (C) the prevalence and use of--
                            (i) incentives to utility companies for 
                        early completion of utility relocations on 
                        Federal-aid transportation project sites; and
                            (ii) penalties assessed on utility 
                        companies for utility relocation delays on such 
                        projects;
                    (D) the extent to which States have used available 
                technologies, such as subsurface utility engineering, 
                early in the design of Federal-aid highway and bridge 
                projects so as to eliminate or reduce the need for or 
                delays due to utility relocations; and
                    (E)(i) whether individual States compensate 
                transportation contractors for business costs incurred 
                by the contractors when Federal-aid highway and bridge 
                projects under contract to the contractors are delayed 
                by delays caused by utility companies in utility 
                relocations; and
                    (ii) methods used by States in making any such 
                compensation.
            (2) Report.--Not later than 1 year after the date of the 
        enactment of this Act, the Comptroller General shall submit to 
        Congress a report on the results of the study, including any 
        recommendations that the Comptroller General determines to be 
        appropriate as a result of the study.

SEC. 1114. DEFINITIONS.

    (a) Federal-Aid Highway Funds and Program.--
            (1) In general.--Section 101(a) of title 23, United States 
        Code, is amended by inserting before the undesignated paragraph 
        defining ``Federal-aid highways'' the following:
    ``The term `Federal-aid highway funds' means funds made available 
to carry out the Federal-aid highway program.
    ``The term `Federal-aid highway program' means all programs 
authorized under chapters 1, 3, and 5.''.
            (2) Conforming amendments.--
                    (A) Section 101(d) of title 23, United States Code, 
                is amended by striking ``the construction of Federal-
                aid highways or highway planning, research, or 
                development'' and inserting ``the Federal-aid highway 
                program''.
                    (B) Section 104(m)(1) of title 23, United States 
                Code (as redesignated by section 1113(c)(1)), is 
                amended by striking ``Federal-aid highways and the 
                highway safety construction programs'' and inserting 
                ``the Federal-aid highway program''.
                    (C) Section 107(b) of title 23, United States Code, 
                is amended in the second sentence by striking 
                ``Federal-aid highways'' and inserting ``the Federal-
                aid highway program''.
    (b) Alphabetization of Definitions.--Section 101(a) of title 23, 
United States Code, is amended by reordering the undesignated 
paragraphs so that they are in alphabetical order.

SEC. 1115. COOPERATIVE FEDERAL LANDS TRANSPORTATION PROGRAM.

    (a) In General.--Chapter 2 of title 23, United States Code (as 
amended by section 1107(a)), is amended by inserting after section 206 
the following:
``Sec. 207. Cooperative Federal Lands Transportation Program
    ``(a) In General.--There is established the Cooperative Federal 
Lands Transportation Program (referred to in this section as the 
`program'). Funds available for the program under subsection (e) may be 
used for projects, or portions of projects, on highways that are owned 
or maintained by States or political subdivisions of States and that 
cross, are adjacent to, or lead to federally owned land or Indian 
reservations (including Army Corps of Engineers reservoirs), as 
determined by the State. Such projects shall be proposed by a State and 
selected by the Secretary. A project proposed by a State under this 
section shall be on a highway or bridge owned or maintained by the 
State, or 1 or more political subdivisions of the State, and may be a 
highway or bridge construction or maintenance project eligible under 
this title or any project of a type described in section 204(h).
    ``(b) Distribution of Funds for Projects.--
            ``(1) In general.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The Secretary--
                            ``(i) after consultation with the 
                        Administrator of General Services, the 
                        Secretary of the Interior, and other agencies 
                        as appropriate (including the Army Corps of 
                        Engineers), shall determine the percentage of 
                        the total land in each State that is owned by 
                        the Federal Government or that is held by the 
                        Federal Government in trust;
                            ``(ii) shall determine the sum of the 
                        percentages determined under clause (i) for 
                        States with respect to which the percentage is 
                        4.5 or greater; and
                            ``(iii) shall determine for each State 
                        included in the determination under clause (ii) 
                        the percentage obtained by dividing--
                                    ``(I) the percentage for the State 
                                determined under clause (i); by
                                    ``(II) the sum determined under 
                                clause (ii).
                    ``(B) Adjustment.--The Secretary shall--
                            ``(i) reduce any percentage determined 
                        under subparagraph (A)(iii) that is greater 
                        than 7.5 percent to 7.5 percent; and
                            ``(ii) redistribute the percentage points 
                        equal to any reduction under clause (i) among 
                        other States included in the determination 
                        under subparagraph (A)(ii) in proportion to the 
                        percentages for those States determined under 
                        subparagraph (A)(iii).
            ``(2) Availability to states.--Except as provided in 
        paragraph (3), for each fiscal year, the Secretary shall make 
        funds available to carry out eligible projects in a State in an 
        amount equal to the amount obtained by multiplying--
                    ``(A) the percentage for the State, if any, 
                determined under paragraph (1); by
                    ``(B) the funds made available for the program 
                under subsection (e) for the fiscal year.
            ``(3) Selection of projects.--The Secretary may establish 
        deadlines for States to submit proposed projects for funding 
        under this section, except that in the case of fiscal year 1998 
        the deadline may not be earlier than January 1, 1998. For each 
        fiscal year, if a State does not have pending, by that 
        deadline, applications for projects with an estimated cost 
        equal to at least 3 times the amount for the State determined 
        under paragraph (2), the Secretary may distribute, to 1 or more 
        other States, at the Secretary's discretion, \1/3\ of the 
        amount by which the estimated cost of the State's applications 
        is less than 3 times the amount for the State determined under 
        paragraph (2).
    ``(c) Transfers.--
            ``(1) In general.--Subject to subsection (f), 
        notwithstanding any other provision of law, a State and the 
        Secretary may agree to transfer amounts made available to a 
        State under this section to the allocations of the State under 
        section 202 for use in carrying out projects on any Federal 
        lands highway that is located in the State.
            ``(2) Special rule.--This paragraph applies to a State that 
        contains a national park that was visited by more than 
        2,500,000 people in 1996 and comprises more than 3,000 square 
        miles of land area, including surface water, that is located in 
        the State. For such a State, 50 percent of the amount that 
        would otherwise be made available to the State for each fiscal 
        year under the program under subsection (e) shall be made 
        available only for eligible highway uses in the national park 
        and within the borders of the State. For the purpose of making 
        allocations under section 202(c), the Secretary may not take 
        into account the past or future availability, for use on park 
        roads and parkways in a national park, of funds made available 
        for use in a national park by this paragraph.
    ``(d) Rights-of-Way Across Federal Land.--Nothing in this section 
affects any claim for a right-of-way across Federal land.
    ``(e) Authorization of Contract Authority.--
            ``(1) In general.--There shall be available from the 
        Highway Trust Fund (other than the Mass Transit Account) to 
        carry out this section (other than subsection (f)) $74,000,000 
        for each of fiscal years 1998 through 2003.
            ``(2) Contract authority.--Funds authorized under this 
        subsection shall be available for obligation in the same manner 
        as if the funds were apportioned under chapter 1.
    ``(f) Additional Authorization of Contract Authority for States 
With Indian Reservations.--
            ``(1) Availability to states.--Not later than October 1 of 
        each fiscal year, funds made available under paragraph (5) for 
        the fiscal year shall be made available by the Secretary, in 
        equal amounts, to each State that has within the boundaries of 
        the State all or part of an Indian reservation having a land 
        area of 10,000,000 acres or more.
            ``(2) Availability to eligible counties.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Each fiscal year, each county 
                that is located in a State to which funds are made 
                available under paragraph (1), and that has in the 
                county a public road described in subparagraph (B), 
                shall be eligible to apply to the State for all or a 
                portion of the funds made available to the State under 
                this subsection to be used by the county to maintain 
                such roads.
                    ``(B) Roads.--A public road referred to in 
                subparagraph (A) is a public road that--
                            ``(i) is within, adjacent to, or provides 
                        access to an Indian reservation described in 
                        paragraph (1);
                            ``(ii) is used by a school bus to transport 
                        children to or from a school or Headstart 
                        program carried out under the Head Start Act 
                        (42 U.S.C. 9831 et seq.); and
                            ``(iii) is maintained by the county in 
                        which the public road is located.
                    ``(C) Allocation among eligible counties.--
                            ``(i) In general.--Except as provided in 
                        clause (ii), each State that receives funds 
                        under paragraph (1) shall provide directly to 
                        each county that applies for funds the amount 
                        that the county requests in the application.
                            ``(ii) Allocation among eligible 
                        counties.--If the total amount of funds applied 
                        for under this subsection by eligible counties 
                        in a State exceeds the amount of funds 
                        available to the State, the State shall 
                        equitably allocate the funds among the eligible 
                        counties that apply for funds.
            ``(3) Supplementary funding.--For each fiscal year, the 
        Secretary shall ensure that funding made available under this 
        subsection supplements (and does not supplant)--
                    ``(A) any obligation of funds by the Bureau of 
                Indian Affairs for road maintenance programs on Indian 
                reservations; and
                    ``(B) any funding provided by a State to a county 
                for road maintenance programs in the county.
            ``(4) Use of unallocated funds.--Any portion of the funds 
        made available to a State under this subsection that is not 
        made available to counties within 1 year after the funds are 
        made available to the State shall be apportioned among the 
        States in accordance with section 104(b).
            ``(5) Set-aside.--For each of fiscal years 1998 through 
        2003, the Secretary shall set aside $1,500,000 from amounts 
        made available under section 541(a) of title 23, United States 
        Code.''.
    (b) Conforming Amendment.--The analysis for chapter 2 of title 23, 
United States Code, is amended by striking the item relating to section 
207 and inserting the following:

``207. Cooperative Federal Lands Transportation Program.''.

SEC. 1116. TRADE CORRIDOR AND BORDER CROSSING PLANNING AND BORDER 
              INFRASTRUCTURE.

    (a) Definitions.--In this section:
            (1) Affected port of entry.--The term ``affected port of 
        entry'' means a seaport or airport in any State that 
        demonstrates that the transportation of cargo by rail or motor 
        carrier through the seaport or airport has increased 
        significantly since the date of enactment of the North American 
        Free Trade Agreement Implementation Act (Public Law 103-182).
            (2) Border state.--The term ``border State'' means a State 
        of the United States that--
                    (A) is located along the border with Mexico; or
                    (B) is located along the border with Canada.
            (3) Border station.--The term ``border station'' means a 
        controlled port of entry into the United States located in the 
        United States at the border with Mexico or Canada, consisting 
        of land occupied by the station and the buildings, roadways, 
        and parking lots on the land.
            (4) Federal inspection agency.--The term ``Federal 
        inspection agency'' means a Federal agency responsible for the 
        enforcement of immigration laws (including regulations), 
        customs laws (including regulations), and agriculture import 
        restrictions, including the United States Customs Service, the 
        Immigration and Naturalization Service, the Animal and Plant 
        Health Inspection Service, the Food and Drug Administration, 
        the United States Fish and Wildlife Service, and the Department 
        of State.
            (5) Gateway.--The term ``gateway'' means a grouping of 
        border stations defined by proximity and similarity of trade.
            (6) Non-federal governmental jurisdiction.--The term ``non-
        Federal governmental jurisdiction'' means a regional, State, or 
        local authority involved in the planning, development, 
        provision, or funding of transportation infrastructure needs.
    (b) Border Crossing Planning Incentive Grants.--
            (1) In general.--The Secretary shall make incentive grants 
        to States and to metropolitan planning organizations designated 
        under section 134 of title 23, United States Code.
            (2) Use of grants.--The grants shall be used to encourage 
        joint transportation planning activities and to improve people 
        and vehicle movement into and through international gateways as 
        a supplement to statewide and metropolitan transportation 
        planning funding made available under other provisions of this 
        Act and under title 23, United States Code.
            (3) Condition of grants.--As a condition of receiving a 
        grant under paragraph (1), a State transportation department or 
        a metropolitan planning organization shall certify to the 
        Secretary that it commits to be engaged in joint planning with 
        its counterpart agency in Mexico or Canada.
            (4) Limitation on amount.--Each State transportation 
        department or metropolitan planning organization may receive 
        not more than $100,000 under this subsection for any fiscal 
        year.
            (5) Authorization of contract authority.--
                    (A) In general.--There shall be available from the 
                Highway Trust Fund (other than the Mass Transit 
                Account) to carry out this subsection $1,400,000 for 
                each of fiscal years 1998 through 2003.
                    (B) Contract authority.--Funds authorized under 
                this subsection shall be available for obligation in 
                the same manner as if the funds were apportioned under 
                chapter 1 of title 23, United States Code, except that 
                the Federal share of the cost of a project under this 
                subsection shall be determined in accordance with 
                subsection (f).
    (c) Trade Corridor Planning Incentive Grants.--
            (1) Grants.--
                    (A) In general.--The Secretary shall make grants to 
                States to encourage, within the framework of the 
                statewide transportation planning process of the State 
                under section 135 of title 23, United States Code, 
                cooperative multistate corridor analysis of, and 
                planning for, the safe and efficient movement of goods 
                along and within international or interstate trade 
                corridors of national importance and through affected 
                ports of entry.
                    (B) Identification of corridors.--Each corridor and 
                affected port of entry referred to in subparagraph (A) 
                shall be cooperatively identified by the States along 
                the corridor or by the State in which the affected port 
                of entry is located.
            (2) Corridor plans.--
                    (A) In general.--As a condition of receiving a 
                grant under paragraph (1), a State shall enter into an 
                agreement with the Secretary that specifies that, not 
                later than 2 years after receipt of the grant--
                            (i) in cooperation with the other States 
                        along the corridor, the State will submit a 
                        plan for corridor improvements to the 
                        Secretary; or
                            (ii) the State will submit a plan for 
                        affected port of entry improvements to the 
                        Secretary.
                    (B) Coordination of planning.--Planning with 
                respect to a corridor under this subsection shall be 
                coordinated with transportation planning being carried 
                out by the States and metropolitan planning 
                organizations along the corridor and, to the extent 
                appropriate, with transportation planning being carried 
                out by Federal land management agencies, by tribal 
                governments, or by government agencies in Mexico or 
                Canada.
            (3) Multistate agreements for trade corridor planning.--The 
        consent of Congress is granted to any 2 or more States--
                    (A) to enter into multistate agreements, not in 
                conflict with any law of the United States, for 
                cooperative efforts and mutual assistance in support of 
                interstate trade corridor planning activities; and
                    (B) to establish such agencies, joint or otherwise, 
                as the States may determine desirable to make the 
                agreements effective.
            (4) Authorization of contract authority.--
                    (A) In general.--There shall be available from the 
                Highway Trust Fund (other than the Mass Transit 
                Account) to carry out this subsection $3,000,000 for 
                each of fiscal years 1998 through 2003.
                    (B) Contract authority.--Funds authorized under 
                this subsection shall be available for obligation in 
                the same manner as if the funds were apportioned under 
                chapter 1 of title 23, United States Code, except that 
                the Federal share of the cost of a project under this 
                subsection shall be determined in accordance with 
                subsection (f).
    (d) Federal Assistance for Trade Corridors and Border 
Infrastructure Safety and Congestion Relief.--
            (1) Applications for grants.--The Secretary shall make 
        grants to States or metropolitan planning organizations that 
        submit an application that--
                    (A) demonstrates need for assistance in carrying 
                out transportation projects that are necessary to 
                relieve traffic congestion or improve enforcement of 
                motor carrier safety laws;
                    (B) includes strategies to involve both the public 
                and private sectors in the proposed project;
                    (C) provides for the safe and efficient movement of 
                goods along and within international or interstate 
                trade corridors; and
                    (D) provides for the continued planning and 
                development of trade corridors.
            (2) Selection of states, metropolitan planning 
        organizations, and projects to receive grants.--Notwithstanding 
        any other provision of this Act, in selecting States, 
        metropolitan planning organizations, and projects to receive 
        grants under this subsection, the Secretary shall consider--
                    (A) the extent to which the annual volume of 
                commercial vehicle traffic at the border stations or 
                ports of entry of each State--
                            (i) has increased since the date of 
                        enactment of the North American Free Trade 
                        Agreement Implementation Act (Public Law 103-
                        182); and
                            (ii) is projected to increase in the 
                        future;
                    (B) the extent to which commercial vehicle traffic 
                in each State--
                            (i) has increased since the date of 
                        enactment of the North American Free Trade 
                        Agreement Implementation Act (Public Law 103-
                        182); and
                            (ii) is projected to increase in the 
                        future;
                    (C) the extent of border and affected port of entry 
                or ports of entry transportation improvements carried 
                out by each State since the date of enactment of the 
                North American Free Trade Agreement Implementation Act 
                (Public Law 103-182);
                    (D) the extent to which international truck-borne 
                commodities move through each State;
                    (E) the reduction in commercial and other travel 
                time through a major international gateway or affected 
                port of entry expected as a result of the proposed 
                project including the level of traffic delays at at-
                grade highway crossings of major rail lines in trade 
                corridors;
                    (F) the extent of leveraging of Federal funds 
                provided under this subsection, including--
                            (i) use of innovative financing;
                            (ii) combination with funding provided 
                        under other sections of this Act and title 23, 
                        United States Code; and
                            (iii) combination with other sources of 
                        Federal, State, local, or private funding 
                        including State, local, and private matching 
                        funds;
                    (G) improvements in vehicle and highway safety and 
                cargo security in and through the gateway or affected 
                port of entry concerned;
                    (H) the degree of demonstrated coordination with 
                Federal inspection agencies;
                    (I) the extent to which the innovative and problem 
                solving techniques of the proposed project would be 
                applicable to other border stations or ports of entry;
                    (J) demonstrated local commitment to implement and 
                sustain continuing comprehensive border or affected 
                port of entry planning processes and improvement 
                programs; and
                    (K) the value of the cargo carried by commercial 
                vehicle traffic, to the extent that the value of the 
                cargo and congestion impose economic costs on the 
                Nation's economy.
            (3) Use of grants.--
                    (A) In general.--A grant under this subsection 
                shall be used to develop project plans, and implement 
                coordinated and comprehensive programs of projects, to 
                improve efficiency and safety.
                    (B) Type of plans and programs.--The plans and 
                programs may include--
                            (i) improvements to transport and 
                        supporting infrastructure;
                            (ii) improvements in operational 
                        strategies, including electronic data 
                        interchange and use of telecommunications to 
                        expedite vehicle and cargo movement including 
                        the deployment of technologies to detect and 
                        deter illegal narcotic smuggling;
                            (iii) modifications to regulatory 
                        procedures to expedite vehicle and cargo flow;
                            (iv) new infrastructure construction;
                            (v) purchase, installation, and maintenance 
                        of weigh-in-motion devices and associated 
                        electronic equipment in Mexico or Canada if 
                        real time data from the devices is provided to 
                        the nearest border station and to State 
                        commercial vehicle enforcement facilities that 
                        serve the border station; and
                            (vi) other institutional improvements, such 
                        as coordination of binational planning, 
                        programming, and border operation, with special 
                        emphasis on coordination with--
                                    (I) Federal inspection agencies; 
                                and
                                    (II) their counterpart agencies in 
                                Mexico and Canada.
            (4) Construction of transportation infrastructure for law 
        enforcement purposes.--At the request of the Administrator of 
        General Services, in consultation with the Attorney General, 
        the Secretary may transfer, during the period of fiscal years 
        1998 through 2001, not more than $10,000,000 of the amounts 
        made available under paragraph (5) to the Administrator of 
        General Services for the construction of transportation 
        infrastructure necessary for law enforcement in border States.
            (5) Authorization of appropriations.--There is authorized 
        to be appropriated to carry out this subsection $125,000,000 
        for each of fiscal years 1998 through 2003.
    (e) Coordination of Planning.--
            (1) Planning and development of border stations.--The 
        General Services Administration shall be the coordinating 
        Federal agency in the planning and development of new or 
        expanded border stations.
            (2) Cooperative activities.--In carrying out paragraph (1), 
        the Administrator of General Services shall cooperate with 
        Federal inspection agencies and non-Federal governmental 
        jurisdictions to ensure that--
                    (A) improvements to border station facilities take 
                into account regional and local conditions, including 
                the alignment of highway systems and connecting 
                roadways; and
                    (B) all facility requirements, associated costs, 
                and economic impacts are identified.
    (f) Cost Sharing.--A grant under this section shall be used to pay 
the Federal share of the cost of a project. The Federal share shall not 
exceed 80 percent.
    (g) Use of Unallocated Funds.--If the total amount of funds made 
available from the Highway Trust Fund under this section but not 
allocated exceeds $4,000,000 as of September 30 of any year, the excess 
amount--
            (1) shall be apportioned in the following fiscal year by 
        the Secretary to all States in accordance with section 
        104(b)(3) of title 23, United States Code;
            (2) shall be considered to be a sum made available for 
        expenditure on the surface transportation program, except that 
        the amount shall not be subject to section 133(d) of that 
        title; and
            (3) shall be available for any purpose eligible for funding 
        under section 133 of that title.

SEC. 1117. APPALACHIAN DEVELOPMENT HIGHWAY SYSTEM.

    (a) Availability, Release, and Reallocation of Funds.--Section 
201(a) of the Appalachian Regional Development Act of 1965 (40 U.S.C. 
App.) is amended--
            (1) in the second sentence, by inserting before the period 
        at the end the following: ``, except that each allocation to a 
        State shall remain available for expenditure in the State for 
        the fiscal year in which the allocation is allocated and for 
        the 3 following fiscal years''; and
            (2) by inserting after the second sentence the following: 
        ``Funds authorized under this section for fiscal year 1998 or a 
        fiscal year thereafter, and not expended by a State during the 
        4 fiscal years referred to in the preceding sentence, shall be 
        released to the Commission for reallocation and shall remain 
        available until expended.''.
    (b) Substitute Corridor.--Section 201(b) of the Appalachian 
Regional Development Act of 1965 (40 U.S.C. App.) is amended--
            (1) by redesignating paragraphs (1) through (4) as 
        subparagraphs (A) through (D), respectively;
            (2) by striking ``(b) The Commission'' and inserting the 
        following:
    ``(b) Designations.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Commission''; and
            (3) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(2) Substitute corridor.--In lieu of Corridor H in 
        Virginia, the Appalachian development highway system shall 
        include the Virginia portion of the segment identified in 
        section 1105(c)(29) of the Intermodal Surface Transportation 
        Efficiency Act of 1991 (109 Stat. 597).''.
    (c) Federal Share for Prefinanced Projects.--Section 201(h)(1) of 
the Appalachian Regional Development Act of 1965 (40 U.S.C. App.) is 
amended by striking ``70 per centum'' and inserting ``80 percent''.
    (d) Authorization of Contract Authority.--Section 201 of the 
Appalachian Regional Development Act of 1965 (40 U.S.C. App.) is 
amended by striking subsection (g) and inserting the following:
    ``(g) Authorization of Contract Authority.--
            ``(1) In general.--
                    ``(A) Fiscal years 1998 through 2003.--For the 
                continued construction of the Appalachian development 
                highway system approved as of September 30, 1996, in 
                accordance with this section, there shall be available 
                from the Highway Trust Fund (other than the Mass 
                Transit Account) $40,000,000 for each of fiscal years 
                1998 through 2000, $50,000,000 for fiscal year 2001, 
                $60,000,000 for fiscal year 2002, and $70,000,000 for 
                fiscal year 2003.
                    ``(B) Obligation authority.--The Secretary shall 
                provide equivalent amounts of obligation authority for 
                the funds authorized under subparagraph (A).
            ``(2) Contract authority.--Funds authorized under this 
        subsection shall be available for obligation in the same manner 
        as if the funds were apportioned under chapter 1 of title 23, 
        United States Code, except that the Federal share shall be 
        determined in accordance with this section and the funds shall 
        remain available in accordance with subsection (a).''.

SEC. 1118. INTERSTATE 4R AND BRIDGE DISCRETIONARY PROGRAM.

    (a) In General.--Section 104 of title 23, United States Code (as 
amended by section 1113(c)(1)), is amended by inserting after 
subsection (j) the following:
    ``(k) Set-Aside for Interstate 4R and Bridge Projects.--
            ``(1) In general.--For each of fiscal years 1998 through 
        2003, before any apportionment is made under subsection (b)(1), 
        the Secretary shall set aside $70,000,000 from amounts to be 
        apportioned under subsection (b)(1)(A), and $70,000,000 from 
        amounts to be apportioned under subsection (b)(1)(B), for 
        allocation by the Secretary--
                    ``(A) for projects for resurfacing, restoring, 
                rehabilitating, or reconstructing any route or portion 
                of a route on the Interstate System (other than any 
                highway designated as a part of the Interstate System 
                under section 103(c)(4) and any toll road on the 
                Interstate System that is not subject to an agreement 
                under section 119(e) (as in effect on December 17, 
                1991) or an agreement under section 129(a));
                    ``(B) for projects for a highway bridge the 
                replacement, rehabilitation, or seismic retrofit cost 
                of which is more than $10,000,000; and
                    ``(C) for projects for a highway bridge the 
                replacement, rehabilitation, or seismic retrofit cost 
                of which is less than $10,000,000 if the cost is at 
                least twice the amount reserved under section 144(c) by 
                the State in which the bridge is located for the fiscal 
                year in which application is made for an allocation for 
                the bridge under this subsection.
            ``(2) Required allocation.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Subject to subparagraph (B), for 
                each of fiscal years 1998 through 2003, the Secretary 
                shall allocate on October 1, for use for highway bridge 
                projects--
                            ``(i) at least $20,000,000 of the amounts 
                        set aside under paragraph (1) to any State 
                        that--
                                    ``(I) is apportioned for fiscal 
                                year 1998 under paragraphs (1)(B), 
                                (1)(C)(i)(III), and (3)(A)(iii) of 
                                subsection (b) an amount that is less 
                                than the amount apportioned to the 
                                State for the highway bridge 
                                replacement and rehabilitation program 
                                under section 144 for fiscal year 1997; 
                                and
                                    ``(II) was apportioned for that 
                                program for fiscal year 1997 an amount 
                                greater than $125,000,000; and
                            ``(ii) at least $15,000,000 of the amounts 
                        set aside under paragraph (1) to any State with 
                        respect to which the average service life of 
                        the bridges in the State exceeds 46 years as of 
                        the date of enactment of the Intermodal Surface 
                        Transportation Efficiency Act of 1998.
                    ``(B) Exception.--A State that transferred funds 
                from the highway bridge replacement and rehabilitation 
                program during any of fiscal years 1995 through 1997 in 
                an amount greater than 10 percent of the apportionments 
                for that program for the fiscal year shall not be 
                eligible for an allocation under subparagraph (A)(i).
                    ``(C) Additional allocation.--An allocation to a 
                State under subparagraph (A) shall be in addition to 
                any allocation to the State under paragraph (1).
            ``(3) Availability to states of interstate 4r funds.--The 
        Secretary may grant the application of a State for funds made 
        available for a fiscal year for a project described in 
        paragraph (1)(A) if the Secretary determines that--
                    ``(A) the State has obligated or demonstrates that 
                it will obligate for the fiscal year all of the 
                apportionments to the State under subparagraphs (A) and 
                (B) of subsection (b)(1) other than an amount that, by 
                itself, is insufficient to pay the Federal share of the 
                cost of a project described in paragraph (1)(A) that 
                has been submitted by the State to the Secretary for 
                approval; and
                    ``(B) the State is willing and able to--
                            ``(i) obligate the funds within 1 year 
                        after the date on which the funds are made 
                        available;
                            ``(ii) apply the funds to a project that is 
                        ready to be commenced; and
                            ``(iii) in the case of construction work, 
                        begin work within 90 days after the date of 
                        obligation of the funds.
            ``(4) Eligibility of certain bridges.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Notwithstanding any other 
                provision of law, any bridge that is owned and operated 
                by an agency that does not have taxing powers and whose 
                functions include operating a federally assisted public 
                transit system subsidized by toll revenues shall be 
                eligible for assistance under this subsection.
                    ``(B) Limitation.--The amount of assistance under 
                subparagraph (A) shall not exceed the cumulative amount 
                that the agency has expended for capital and operating 
                costs to subsidize the transit system.
                    ``(C) Determination by the secretary.--Before 
                authorizing an expenditure of funds under this 
                paragraph, the Secretary shall make a determination 
                that the applicant agency has insufficient reserves, 
                surpluses, and projected revenues (over and above those 
                required for bridge and transit capital and operating 
                costs) to fund the necessary bridge replacement, 
                seismic retrofitting, or rehabilitation project.
                    ``(D) Crediting of non-federal funds.--Any non-
                Federal funds expended for the seismic retrofit of the 
                bridge may be credited toward the non-Federal share 
                required as a condition of receipt of any Federal funds 
                for seismic retrofit of the bridge made available after 
                the date of expenditure.
            ``(5) Required allocation for certain states.--
                    ``(A) Allocation.--For each of fiscal years 1998 
                through 2003, the Secretary shall allocate on October 
                1, to States eligible under subparagraph (B), for use 
                for projects described in paragraph (1), $10,000,000 of 
                the amounts set aside under paragraph (1) from amounts 
                to be apportioned under subsection (b)(1)(A).
                    ``(B) Eligible states.--A State shall be eligible 
                for an allocation under subparagraph (A) for a fiscal 
                year if--
                            ``(i) the State ranks among the lowest 10 
                        percent of States in a ranking of States by per 
                        capita personal income;
                            ``(ii) for the State, the ratio that--
                                    ``(I) the State's estimated 
                                percentage of total Federal-aid highway 
                                program apportionments for the period 
                                of fiscal years 1998 through 2003 under 
                                this title; bears to
                                    ``(II) the percentage of estimated 
                                total tax receipts attributable to 
                                highway users in the State paid into 
                                the Highway Trust Fund (other than the 
                                Mass Transit Account) for the period of 
                                fiscal years 1998 through 2003;
                        is less than 1.00, as of the date of enactment 
                        of this subsection; and
                            ``(iii)(I) the State's estimated percentage 
                        of total Federal-aid highway program 
                        apportionments for the period of fiscal years 
                        1998 through 2003 under this title, as of the 
                        date of enactment of this subsection; is less 
                        than
                            ``(II) the State's percentage of total 
                        Federal-aid highway program apportionments and 
                        Federal lands highways program allocations 
                        under the Intermodal Surface Transportation 
                        Efficiency Act of 1991 (105 Stat. 1914), and 
                        allocations under sections 1103 through 1108 of 
                        that Act, for the period of fiscal years 1992 
                        through 1997.
                    ``(C) Additional allocation.--An allocation to a 
                State under subparagraph (A) shall be in addition to 
                any allocation to the State under paragraph (1).
            ``(6) Period of availability of discretionary funds.--
        Amounts made available under this subsection shall remain 
        available until expended.''.
    (b) Conforming Amendment.--Section 118 of title 23, United States 
Code, is amended by striking subsection (c).

SEC. 1119. MAGNETIC LEVITATION TRANSPORTATION TECHNOLOGY DEPLOYMENT 
              PROGRAM.

    (a) In General.--Chapter 3 of title 23, United States Code, is 
amended by inserting after section 321 the following:
``Sec. 322. Magnetic levitation transportation technology deployment 
              program
    ``(a) Definitions.--In this section:
            ``(1) Eligible project costs.--The term `eligible project 
        costs' means the capital cost of the fixed guideway 
        infrastructure of a MAGLEV project, including land, piers, 
        guideways, propulsion equipment and other components attached 
        to guideways, power distribution facilities (including 
        substations), control and communications facilities, access 
        roads, and storage, repair, and maintenance facilities, but not 
        including costs incurred for a new station.
            ``(2) Full project costs.--The term `full project costs' 
        means the total capital costs of a MAGLEV project, including 
        eligible project costs and the costs of stations, vehicles, and 
        equipment.
            ``(3) MAGLEV.--The term `MAGLEV' means transportation 
        systems employing magnetic levitation that would be capable of 
        safe use by the public at a speed in excess of 240 miles per 
        hour.
            ``(4) Partnership potential.--The term `partnership 
        potential' has the meaning given the term in the commercial 
        feasibility study of high-speed ground transportation conducted 
        under section 1036 of the Intermodal Surface Transportation 
        Efficiency Act of 1991 (Public Law 102-240; 105 Stat. 1978).
    ``(b) Assistance.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall make available 
        financial assistance to provide the Federal share of full 
        project costs of eligible projects selected under this section.
            ``(2) Federal share.--The Federal share of full project 
        costs under paragraph (1) shall be not more than \2/3\.
            ``(3) Use of assistance.--Financial assistance provided 
        under paragraph (1) shall be used only to pay eligible project 
        costs of projects selected under this section.
    ``(c) Solicitation of Applications for Assistance.--Not later than 
180 days after the date of enactment of the Intermodal Surface 
Transportation Efficiency Act of 1998, the Secretary shall solicit 
applications from States, or authorities designated by 1 or more 
States, for financial assistance authorized by subsection (b) for 
planning, design, and construction of eligible MAGLEV projects.
    ``(d) Project Eligibility.--To be eligible to receive financial 
assistance under subsection (b), a project shall--
            ``(1) involve a segment or segments of a high-speed ground 
        transportation corridor that exhibit partnership potential;
            ``(2) require an amount of Federal funds for project 
        financing that will not exceed the sum of--
                    ``(A) the amounts made available under subsection 
                (h)(1)(A); and
                    ``(B) the amounts made available by States under 
                subsection (h)(4);
            ``(3) result in an operating transportation facility that 
        provides a revenue producing service;
            ``(4) be undertaken through a public and private 
        partnership, with at least \1/3\ of full project costs paid 
        using non-Federal funds;
            ``(5) satisfy applicable statewide and metropolitan 
        planning requirements;
            ``(6) be approved by the Secretary based on an application 
        submitted to the Secretary by a State or authority designated 
        by 1 or more States;
            ``(7) to the extent that non-United States MAGLEV 
        technology is used within the United States, be carried out as 
        a technology transfer project; and
            ``(8) be carried out using materials at least 70 percent of 
        which are manufactured in the United States.
    ``(e) Project Selection Criteria.--Prior to soliciting 
applications, the Secretary shall establish criteria for selecting 
which eligible projects under subsection (d) will receive financial 
assistance under subsection (b). The criteria shall include the extent 
to which--
            ``(1) a project is nationally significant, including the 
        extent to which the project will demonstrate the feasibility of 
        deployment of MAGLEV technology throughout the United States;
            ``(2) timely implementation of the project will reduce 
        congestion in other modes of transportation and reduce the need 
        for additional highway or airport construction;
            ``(3) States, regions, and localities financially 
        contribute to the project;
            ``(4) implementation of the project will create new jobs in 
        traditional and emerging industries;
            ``(5) the project will augment MAGLEV networks identified 
        as having partnership potential;
            ``(6) financial assistance would foster public and private 
        partnerships for infrastructure development and attract private 
        debt or equity investment;
            ``(7) financial assistance would foster the timely 
        implementation of a project; and
            ``(8) life-cycle costs in design and engineering are 
        considered and enhanced.
    ``(f) Project Selection.--
            ``(1) Pre-construction planning activities.--
                    ``(A) Not later than 90 days after a deadline 
                established by the Secretary for the receipt of 
                applications, the Secretary shall evaluate the eligible 
                projects in accordance with the selection criteria and 
                select one or more eligible projects to receive 
                financial assistance for pre-construction planning 
                activities, including--
                            ``(i) preparation of feasibility studies, 
                        major investment studies, and environmental 
                        impact statements and assessments as are 
                        required under State law;
                            ``(ii) pricing of the final design, 
                        engineering, and construction activities 
                        proposed to be assisted under paragraph (2); 
                        and
                            ``(iii) such other activities as are 
                        necessary to provide the Secretary with 
                        sufficient information to evaluate whether a 
                        project should receive financial assistance for 
                        final design, engineering, and construction 
                        activities under paragraph (2).
                    ``(B) Notwithstanding subsection (a)(1) of this 
                section, eligible project costs shall include the cost 
                of pre-construction planning activities.
            ``(2) Final design, engineering, and construction 
        activities.--After completion of pre-construction planning 
        activities for all projects assisted under paragraph (1), the 
        Secretary shall select one of the projects to receive financial 
        assistance for final design, engineering, and construction 
        activities.
    ``(g) Joint Ventures.--A project undertaken by a joint venture of 
United States and non-United States persons (including a project 
involving the deployment of non-United States MAGLEV technology in the 
United States) shall be eligible for financial assistance under this 
section if the project is eligible under subsection (d) and selected 
under subsection (f).
    ``(h) Funding.--
            ``(1) In general.--
                    ``(A) Authorization of contract authority.--
                            ``(i) In general.--There shall be available 
                        from the Highway Trust Fund (other than the 
                        Mass Transit Account) to carry out this section 
                        $10,000,000 for fiscal year 1999 and 
                        $20,000,000 for fiscal year 2000.
                            ``(ii) Contract authority.--Funds 
                        authorized under this subparagraph shall be 
                        available for obligation in the same manner as 
                        if the funds were apportioned under chapter 1, 
                        except that--
                                    ``(I) the Federal share of the cost 
                                of a project carried out under this 
                                section shall be determined in 
                                accordance with subsection (b); and
                                    ``(II) the availability of the 
                                funds shall be determined in accordance 
                                with paragraph (2).
                    ``(B) Authorization of appropriations.--
                            ``(i) In general.--There are authorized to 
                        be appropriated from the Highway Trust Fund 
                        (other than the Mass Transit Account) to carry 
                        out this section $200,000,000 for each of 
                        fiscal years 2000 and 2001, $250,000,000 for 
                        fiscal year 2002, and $300,000,000 for fiscal 
                        year 2003.
                            ``(ii) Availability.--Notwithstanding 
                        section 118(a), funds made available under 
                        clause (i) shall not be available in advance of 
                        an annual appropriation.
            ``(2) Availability of funds.--Funds made available under 
        paragraph (1) shall remain available until expended.
            ``(3) Other federal funds.--Notwithstanding any other 
        provision of law, funds made available to a State to carry out 
        the surface transportation program under section 133 and the 
        congestion mitigation and air quality improvement program under 
        section 149 may be used by the State to pay a portion of the 
        full project costs of an eligible project selected under this 
        section, without requirement for non-Federal funds.
            ``(4) Other assistance.--Notwithstanding any other 
        provision of law, an eligible project selected under this 
        section shall be eligible for other forms of financial 
        assistance provided under this title and the Transportation 
        Infrastructure Finance and Innovation Act of 1998, including 
        loans, loan guarantees, and lines of credit.''.
    (b) Conforming Amendment.--The analysis for chapter 3 of title 23, 
United States Code, is amended by inserting after the item relating to 
section 321 the following:

``322. Magnetic levitation transportation technology deployment 
                            program.''.

SEC. 1120. WOODROW WILSON MEMORIAL BRIDGE.

    (a) Definitions.--Section 404 of the Woodrow Wilson Memorial Bridge 
Authority Act of 1995 (109 Stat. 628) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (3), by striking ``, including approaches 
        thereto''; and
            (2) in paragraph (5), by striking ``to be determined under 
        section 407. Such'' and all that follows and inserting the 
        following: ``as described in the record of decision executed by 
        the Secretary in compliance with the National Environmental 
        Policy Act of 1969 (42 U.S.C. 4321 et seq.). The term includes 
        ongoing short-term rehabilitation and repairs to the Bridge.''.
    (b) Ownership of Bridge.--
            (1) Conveyance by the secretary.--Section 407(a)(1) of the 
        Woodrow Wilson Memorial Bridge Authority Act of 1995 (109 Stat. 
        630) is amended by inserting ``or any Capital Region 
        jurisdiction'' after ``Authority'' each place it appears.
            (2) Agreement.--Section 407 of the Woodrow Wilson Memorial 
        Bridge Authority Act of 1995 (109 Stat. 630) is amended by 
        striking subsection (c) and inserting the following:
    ``(c) Agreement.--
            ``(1) In general.--The agreement referred to in subsection 
        (a) is an agreement concerning the Project that is executed by 
        the Secretary and the Authority or any Capital Region 
        jurisdiction that accepts ownership of the Bridge.
            ``(2) Terms of the agreement.--The agreement shall--
                    ``(A) identify whether the Authority or a Capital 
                Region jurisdiction will accept ownership of the 
                Bridge;
                    ``(B) contain a financial plan satisfactory to the 
                Secretary, which shall be prepared before the execution 
                of the agreement, that specifies--
                            ``(i) the total cost of the Project, 
                        including any cost-saving measures;
                            ``(ii) a schedule for implementation of the 
                        Project, including whether any expedited design 
                        and construction techniques will be used; and
                            ``(iii) the sources of funding that will be 
                        used to cover any costs of the Project not 
                        funded from funds made available under section 
                        412;
                    ``(C) require that--
                            ``(i)(I) the Project include not more than 
                        12 traffic lanes, of which 2 lanes shall be 
                        exclusively for use by high occupancy vehicles, 
                        express buses, or rail transit; and
                            ``(II) the design, construction, and 
                        operation of the Project reflect the 
                        requirements of subclause (I);
                            ``(ii) all provisions described in the 
                        environmental impact statement for the Project 
                        or the record of decision for the Project 
                        (including in the attachments to the statement 
                        and record) for mitigation of environmental and 
                        other impacts of the Project be implemented; 
                        and
                            ``(iii) the Authority and the Capital 
                        Region jurisdictions develop a process to fully 
                        integrate affected local governments, on an 
                        ongoing basis, in the process of carrying out 
                        the engineering, design, and construction 
                        phases of the project, including planning for 
                        implementing the provisions described in clause 
                        (ii); and
                    ``(D) contain such other terms and conditions as 
                the Secretary determines to be appropriate.''.
    (c) Federal Contribution.--The Woodrow Wilson Memorial Bridge 
Authority Act of 1995 (109 Stat. 627) is amended by adding at the end 
the following:

``SEC. 412. FEDERAL CONTRIBUTION.

    ``(a) Authorization of Contract Authority.--
            ``(1) In general.--There shall be available from the 
        Highway Trust Fund (other than the Mass Transit Account) 
        $100,000,000 for fiscal year 1998, $100,000,000 for fiscal year 
        1999, $125,000,000 for fiscal year 2000, $175,000,000 for 
        fiscal year 2001, $200,000,000 for fiscal year 2002, and 
        $200,000,000 for fiscal year 2003, to pay the costs of 
        planning, preliminary engineering and design, final 
        engineering, acquisition of rights-of-way, and construction of 
        the Project, except that the costs associated with the Bridge 
        shall be given priority over other eligible costs, other than 
        design costs, of the Project.
            ``(2) Contract authority.--Funds authorized under this 
        section shall be available for obligation in the same manner as 
        if the funds were apportioned under chapter 1 of title 23, 
        United States Code, except that--
                    ``(A) the funds shall remain available until 
                expended;
                    ``(B) the Federal share of the cost of the Bridge 
                component of the Project shall not exceed 100 percent; 
                and
                    ``(C) the Federal share of the cost of any other 
                component of the Project shall not exceed 80 percent.
    ``(b) Use of Apportioned Funds.--Nothing in this title limits the 
authority of any Capital Region jurisdiction to use funds apportioned 
to the jurisdiction under paragraph (1) or (3) of section 104(b) of 
title 23, United States Code, in accordance with the requirements for 
such funds, to pay any costs of the Project.
    ``(c) Availability of Apportioned Funds.--None of the funds made 
available under this section shall be available before the execution of 
the agreement described in section 407(c), except that the Secretary 
may fund the maintenance and rehabilitation of the Bridge and the 
design of the Project.''.
    (d) Conforming Amendment.--Section 405(b)(1) of the Woodrow Wilson 
Memorial Bridge Authority Act of 1995 (109 Stat. 629) is amended by 
striking ``the Signatories as to the Federal share of the cost of the 
Project and the terms and conditions related to the timing of the 
transfer of the Bridge to''.

SEC. 1121. NATIONAL HIGHWAY SYSTEM COMPONENTS.

    The National Highway System consists of the routes and 
transportation facilities depicted on the map submitted by the 
Secretary to Congress with the report entitled ``Pulling Together: The 
National Highway System and its Connections to Major Intermodal 
Terminals'' and dated May 24, 1996.

SEC. 1122. HIGHWAY BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND REHABILITATION.

    (a) In General.--Section 144 of title 23, United States Code, is 
amended--
            (1) in the section heading, by striking ``program'';
            (2) by striking subsections (a) through (n), (p), and (q);
            (3) by inserting after the section heading the following:
    ``(a) Definition of Rehabilitate.--In this section, the term 
`rehabilitate' (in any of its forms), with respect to a bridge, means 
to carry out major work necessary--
            ``(1) to address the structural deficiencies, functional 
        obsolescence, or physical deterioration of the bridge; or
            ``(2) to correct a major safety defect of the bridge, 
        including seismic retrofitting.
    ``(b) Bridge Inventory.--
            ``(1) In general.--In consultation with the States, the 
        Secretary shall--
                    ``(A) annually inventory all highway bridges on 
                public roads that cross waterways, other topographical 
                barriers, other highways, and railroads;
                    ``(B) classify each such bridge according to 
                serviceability, safety, and essentiality for public 
                use; and
                    ``(C) assign each such bridge a priority for 
                replacement or rehabilitation based on the 
                classification under subparagraph (B).
            ``(2) Consultation.--In preparing an inventory of highway 
        bridges on Indian reservation roads and park roads under 
        paragraph (1), the Secretary shall consult with the Secretary 
        of the Interior and the States.
            ``(3) Inventory of historical bridges.--At the request of a 
        State, the Secretary may inventory highway bridges on public 
        roads for historical significance.
    ``(c) Certification by the State.--Not later than 180 days after 
the end of each fiscal year beginning with fiscal year 1998, each State 
shall certify to the Secretary, either that--
            ``(1) the State has reserved, from funds apportioned to the 
        State for the preceding fiscal year, to carry out bridge 
        projects eligible under sections 103(b)(5), 119, and 133(b), an 
        amount that is not less than the amount apportioned to the 
        State under this section for fiscal year 1997; or
            ``(2) the amount that the State will reserve, from funds 
        apportioned to the State for the period consisting of fiscal 
        years 1998 through 2001, to carry out bridge projects eligible 
        under sections 103(b)(5), 119, and 133(b), will be not less 
        than 4 times the amount apportioned to the State under this 
        section for fiscal year 1997.
    ``(d) Use of Reserved Funds.--A State may use funds reserved under 
subsection (c) to replace, rehabilitate, reconstruct, seismically 
retrofit, paint, apply calcium magnesium acetate to, apply sodium 
acetate/formate deicer to, or install scour countermeasures on a 
highway bridge on a public road that crosses a waterway, other 
topographical barrier, other highway, or railroad.
    ``(e) Off-System Bridges.--
            ``(1) Required expenditure.--For each fiscal year, an 
        amount equal to not less than 15 percent of the amount 
        apportioned to a State under this section for fiscal year 1997 
        shall be expended by the State for projects to replace, 
        rehabilitate, reconstruct, seismically retrofit, paint, apply 
        calcium magnesium acetate to, apply sodium acetate/formate 
        deicer to, or install scour countermeasures on highway bridges 
        located on public roads that are functionally classified as 
        local roads or rural minor collectors.
            ``(2) Use of funds to meet required expenditure.--Funds 
        reserved under subsection (c) and funds made available under 
        section 104(b)(1) for the National Highway System or under 
        section 104(b)(3) for the surface transportation program may be 
        used to meet the requirement for expenditure under paragraph 
        (1).
            ``(3) Reduction of required expenditure.--After 
        consultation with local and State officials in a State, the 
        Secretary may, with respect to the State, reduce the 
        requirement for expenditure under paragraph (1) if the 
        Secretary determines that the State has inadequate needs to 
        justify the expenditure.
    ``(f) Federal Share.--The Federal share of the cost of a project 
under this section shall be as determined under section 120(b).
    ``(g) Bridge Permit Exemption.--
            ``(1) In general.--Subject to paragraph (2), 
        notwithstanding any other provision of law, the General Bridge 
        Act of 1946 (33 U.S.C. 525 et seq.) shall apply to each bridge 
        authorized to be replaced, in whole or in part, under this 
        section.
            ``(2) Exception.--Section 502(b) of the General Bridge Act 
        of 1946 (33 U.S.C. 525(b)) and section 9 of the Act of March 3, 
        1899 (30 Stat. 1151, chapter 425; 33 U.S.C. 401), shall not 
        apply to any bridge constructed, reconstructed, rehabilitated, 
        or replaced with assistance under this title if the bridge is 
        over waters that are--
                    ``(A) not used and not susceptible to use in their 
                natural condition or by reasonable improvement as a 
                means to transport interstate or foreign commerce; and
                    ``(B)(i) not tidal; or
                    ``(ii) tidal but used only by recreational boating, 
                fishing, and other small vessels that are less than 21 
                feet in length.
    ``(h) Indian Reservation Road Bridges.--
            ``(1) Nationwide priority program.--The Secretary shall 
        establish a nationwide priority program for improving deficient 
        Indian reservation road bridges.
            ``(2) Reservation of funds.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Of the amounts authorized for 
                Indian reservation roads for each fiscal year, the 
                Secretary, in cooperation with the Secretary of the 
                Interior, shall reserve not less than $9,000,000 for 
                projects to replace, rehabilitate, seismically 
                retrofit, paint, apply calcium magnesium acetate to, 
                apply sodium acetate/formate deicer to, or install 
                scour countermeasures for deficient Indian reservation 
                road bridges, including multiple-pipe culverts.
                    ``(B) Eligible bridges.--To be eligible to receive 
                funding under this subsection, a bridge described in 
                subparagraph (A) must--
                            ``(i) have an opening of 20 feet or more;
                            ``(ii) be on an Indian reservation road;
                            ``(iii) be unsafe because of structural 
                        deficiencies, physical deterioration, or 
                        functional obsolescence; and
                            ``(iv) be recorded in the national bridge 
                        inventory administered by the Secretary under 
                        subsection (b).
            ``(3) Approval requirement.--Funds to carry out Indian 
        reservation road bridge projects under this subsection shall be 
        made available only on approval of plans, specifications, and 
        estimates by the Secretary.'';
            (4) by redesignating subsection (o) as subsection (i); and
            (5) in subsection (i) (as so redesignated)--
                    (A) in paragraph (1), by inserting ``for 
                alternative transportation purposes (including bikeway 
                and walkway projects eligible for funding under this 
                title)'' after ``adaptive reuse'';
                    (B) in paragraph (3)--
                            (i) by inserting ``(regardless of whether 
                        the intended use is for motorized vehicular 
                        traffic or for alternative public 
                        transportation purposes)'' after ``intended 
                        use''; and
                            (ii) by inserting ``or for alternative 
                        public transportation purposes'' after ``no 
                        longer used for motorized vehicular traffic''; 
                        and
                    (C) in the second sentence of paragraph (4)--
                            (i) by inserting ``for motorized vehicles, 
                        alternative vehicular traffic, or alternative 
                        public transportation'' after ``historic 
                        bridge''; and
                            (ii) by striking ``up to an amount not to 
                        exceed the cost of demolition''.
    (b) Conforming Amendment.--The analysis for chapter 1 of title 23, 
United States Code, is amended by striking the item relating to section 
144 and inserting the following:

``144. Highway bridge replacement and rehabilitation.''.

SEC. 1123. CONGESTION MITIGATION AND AIR QUALITY IMPROVEMENT PROGRAM.

    (a) Established Program.--Section 149(a) of title 23, United States 
Code, is amended by striking ``Establishment.--The Secretary shall 
establish'' and inserting ``In General.--The Secretary shall carry 
out''.
    (b) Eligible Projects.--Section 149(b) of title 23, United States 
Code, is amended in the first sentence--
            (1) by striking ``that was designated as a nonattainment 
        area under section 107(d) of the Clean Air Act (42 U.S.C. 
        7407(d)) during any part of fiscal year 1994'' and inserting 
        ``that is designated as a nonattainment area under section 
        107(d) of the Clean Air Act (42 U.S.C. 7407(d)) and classified 
        under section 181(a) or 186(a) of the Clean Air Act (42 U.S.C. 
        7511(a), 7512(a)) or classified as a submarginal ozone 
        nonattainment area under that Act, or if the project or program 
        is for a maintenance area,'';
            (2) in paragraph (1)--
                    (A) in subparagraph (A), by striking ``clauses 
                (xii) and'' and inserting ``clause''; and
                    (B) in subparagraph (B), by striking ``such 
                section'' and inserting ``section 108(f)(1)(A) (other 
                than clause (xvi)) of the Clean Air Act (42 U.S.C. 
                7408(f)(1)(A))'';
            (3) in paragraph (2), by inserting ``or maintenance'' after 
        ``State implementation'';
            (4) in paragraph (3), by inserting ``or maintenance of the 
        standard'' after ``standard''; and
            (5) in paragraph (4), by inserting ``or maintenance'' after 
        ``attainment''.
    (c) States Receiving Minimum Apportionment.--Section 149 of title 
23, United States Code, is amended by striking subsection (c) and 
inserting the following:
    ``(c) States Receiving Minimum Apportionment.--
            ``(1) States without a nonattainment area.--If a State does 
        not have, and never has had, a nonattainment area designated 
        under the Clean Air Act (42 U.S.C. 7401 et seq.), the State may 
        use funds apportioned to the State under section 104(b)(2) for 
        any project eligible under the surface transportation program 
        under section 133.
            ``(2) States with a nonattainment area.--If a State has a 
        nonattainment area or maintenance area and receives funds under 
        section 104(b)(2)(D) above the amount of funds that the State 
        would have received based on its nonattainment and maintenance 
        area population under subparagraphs (B) and (C) of section 
        104(b)(2), the State may use that portion of the funds not 
        based on its nonattainment and maintenance area population 
        under subparagraphs (B) and (C) of section 104(b)(2) for any 
        project in the State eligible under section 133.''.
    (d) Federal Share.--Section 120(c) of title 23, United States Code, 
is amended in the first sentence by striking ``The'' and inserting 
``Except in the case of a project funded from sums apportioned under 
section 104(b)(2), the''.
    (e) Conforming Amendments.--
            (1) Section 101(a) of title 23, United States Code, is 
        amended by inserting after the undesignated paragraph defining 
        ``maintenance'' the following:
    ``The term `maintenance area' means an area that was designated as 
a nonattainment area, but was later redesignated by the Administrator 
of the Environmental Protection Agency as an attainment area, under 
section 107(d) of the Clean Air Act (42 U.S.C. 7407(d)).''.
            (2) Section 149(b)(1)(A)(ii) of title 23, United States 
        Code, is amended by striking ``an area'' and all that follows 
        and inserting ``a maintenance area; or''.

SEC. 1124. SAFETY BELT USE LAW REQUIREMENTS.

    Section 355 of the National Highway System Designation Act of 1995 
(109 Stat. 624) is amended--
            (1) in the section heading, by striking ``and maine'';
            (2) in subsection (a)--
                    (A) by striking ``States of New Hampshire and Maine 
                shall each'' and inserting ``State of New Hampshire 
                shall''; and
                    (B) in paragraph (1), by striking ``and 1996'' and 
                inserting ``through 2000''; and
            (3) by striking ``or Maine'' each place it appears.

SEC. 1125. SENSE OF THE SENATE CONCERNING RELIANCE ON PRIVATE 
              ENTERPRISE.

    (a) In General.--It is the sense of the Senate that each agency 
authorized to expend funds made available under this Act, or an 
amendment made by this Act, or a recipient of any form of a grant or 
other Federal assistance under this Act, or an amendment made by this 
Act--
            (1) should, in expending the funds or assistance, rely on 
        entities in the private enterprise system to provide such goods 
        and services as are reasonably and expeditiously available 
        through ordinary business channels; and
            (2) shall not duplicate or compete with entities in the 
        private enterprise system.
    (b) Procedures.--The Secretary should provide procedures to inform 
each agency that administers this Act and each recipient of a grant or 
other Federal assistance of the sense of the Senate expressed in 
subsection (a).

SEC. 1126. STUDY OF USE OF UNIFORMED POLICE OFFICERS ON FEDERAL-AID 
              HIGHWAY CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS.

    (a) In General.--In consultation with the States and State 
transportation departments, the Secretary shall conduct a study on the 
extent and effectiveness of use by States of uniformed police officers 
on Federal-aid highway construction projects.
    (b) Report.--Not later than 2 years after the date of enactment of 
this Act, the Secretary shall submit to Congress a report on the 
results of the study conducted under subsection (a), including any 
legislative and administrative recommendations of the Secretary.

SEC. 1127. CONTRACTING FOR ENGINEERING AND DESIGN SERVICES.

    Section 112(b)(2) of title 23, United States Code, is amended--
            (1) in subparagraph (B)(i), by striking ``, except to'' and 
        all that follows through ``services'';
            (2) by striking subparagraph (C) and inserting the 
        following:
                    ``(C) Selection, performance, and audits.--
                            ``(i) In general.--All requirements for 
                        architectural, engineering, and related 
                        services at any phase of a highway project 
                        funded in whole or in part with Federal-aid 
                        highway funds, or reasonably expected or 
                        intended to be part of 1 or more such projects, 
                        shall be performed under a contract awarded in 
                        accordance with subparagraph (A) unless the 
                        simplified acquisition procedures of the 
                        Federal Acquisition Regulations apply.
                            ``(ii) Prohibition on state restriction.--A 
                        State shall not impose any overhead 
                        restriction, or salary limitation inconsistent 
                        with the Federal Acquisition Regulations, that 
                        would preclude any qualified firm from being 
                        eligible to compete for contracts awarded in 
                        accordance with subparagraph (A).
                            ``(iii) Compliance with federal acquisition 
                        regulations.--The process for selection, award, 
                        performance, administration, and audit of the 
                        resulting contracts shall comply with the 
                        procedures, cost principles, and cost 
                        accounting principles of the Federal 
                        Acquisition Regulations, including parts 30, 
                        31, and 36 of the Regulations.''; and
            (3) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(H) Compliance.--
                            ``(i) In general.--A State shall comply 
                        with the qualifications-based selection 
                        procedures of the Federal Acquisition 
                        Regulations, and the single audit procedures 
                        required under this paragraph, or with an 
                        existing State law or a statute enacted in 
                        accordance with the legislative session 
                        exemption under subparagraph (G), with respect 
                        to any architecture, engineering, or related 
                        service contract for any phase of a Federal-aid 
                        highway project.
                            ``(ii) States with alternative process.--
                        Any State that, after November 28, 1995, 
                        enacted legislation to establish an alternative 
                        State procedure as a substitute for the 
                        contract administration and audit procedures 
                        required under this paragraph or was granted a 
                        waiver under subparagraph (G) shall submit the 
                        legislation to the Secretary, not later than 60 
                        days after the date of enactment of this 
                        subparagraph, for certification that the State 
                        legislation is in compliance with the statutory 
                        timetable and substantive criteria specified in 
                        subparagraph (G).''.

SEC. 1128. ADDITIONAL FUNDING.

    (a) In General.--
            (1) Apportionment.--On October 1, or as soon as practicable 
        thereafter, of each fiscal year, after making apportionments 
        and allocations under sections 104 and 105(a) of title 23, 
        United States Code, and section 1102(c) of this Act, the 
        Secretary shall apportion, in accordance with paragraph (2), 
        the funds made available by paragraph (3) among the States in 
        the ratio that--
                    (A) the total of the apportionments to each State 
                under section 104 of title 23, United States Code, and 
                section 1102(c) of this Act and the allocations to each 
                State under section 105(a) of that title (excluding 
                amounts made available under this section); bears to
                    (B) the total of all apportionments to all States 
                under section 104 of that title and section 1102(c) of 
                this Act and all allocations to all States under 
                section 105(a) of that title (excluding amounts made 
                available under this section).
            (2) Distribution among categories.--
                    (A) Limited flexible funding for certain states.--
                For each fiscal year, in the case of each State that 
                does not receive funding under subsection (c) or an 
                allocation under subsection (d), an amount equal to 22 
                percent of the funds apportioned to the State under 
                paragraph (1) shall be set aside for use by the State 
                for any purpose eligible for funding under title 23, 
                United States Code, or this Act.
                    (B) Distribution of remaining funds.--
                            (i) In general.--For each fiscal year, 
                        after application of subparagraph (A), the 
                        remaining funds apportioned to each State under 
                        paragraph (1) shall be apportioned in 
                        accordance with clause (ii) among the following 
                        categories:
                                    (I) The Interstate maintenance 
                                component of the Interstate and 
                                National Highway System program under 
                                section 104(b)(1)(A) of title 23, 
                                United States Code.
                                    (II) The Interstate bridge 
                                component of the Interstate and 
                                National Highway System program under 
                                section 104(b)(1)(B) of that title.
                                    (III) The National Highway System 
                                component of the Interstate and 
                                National Highway System program under 
                                section 104(b)(1)(C) of that title.
                                    (IV) The congestion mitigation and 
                                air quality improvement program under 
                                section 104(b)(2) of that title.
                                    (V) The surface transportation 
                                program under section 104(b)(3) of that 
                                title.
                                    (VI) Metropolitan planning under 
                                section 104(f) of that title.
                                    (VII) Minimum guarantee under 
                                section 105 of that title.
                                    (VIII) ISTEA transition under 
                                section 1102(c) of this Act.
                            (ii) Distribution formula.--For each State 
                        and each fiscal year, the amount of funds 
                        apportioned for each category under clause (i) 
                        shall be equal to the product obtained by 
                        multiplying--
                                    (I) the amount of funds apportioned 
                                to the State for the fiscal year under 
                                paragraph (1); by
                                    (II) the ratio that--
                                            (aa) the amount of funds 
                                        apportioned to the State for 
                                        the category for the fiscal 
                                        year under the other sections 
                                        of this Act and the amendments 
                                        made by this Act; bears to
                                            (bb) the total amount of 
                                        funds apportioned to the State 
                                        for all of the categories for 
                                        the fiscal year under the other 
                                        sections of this Act and the 
                                        amendments made by this Act.
            (3) Authorization of contract authority.--
                    (A) In general.--There shall be available from the 
                Highway Trust Fund (other than the Mass Transit 
                Account) to carry out this subsection $640,000,000 for 
                fiscal year 1998, $3,346,000,000 for fiscal year 1999, 
                $3,634,000,000 for fiscal year 2000, $3,881,000,000 for 
                fiscal year 2001, $3,831,000,000 for fiscal year 2002, 
                and $3,603,000,000 for fiscal year 2003.
                    (B) Contract authority.--Funds authorized under 
                this paragraph shall be available for obligation in the 
                same manner as if the funds were apportioned under 
                chapter 1 of title 23, United States Code.
    (b) Other Adjustments.--
            (1) In general.--Notwithstanding sections 1116, 1117, and 
        1118, and the amendments made by those sections--
                    (A) in addition to the amounts authorized to be 
                appropriated under section 1116(d)(5), there shall be 
                available from the Highway Trust Fund (other than the 
                Mass Transit Account) to carry out section 1116(d) 
                $90,000,000 for each of fiscal years 1999 through 2003; 
                and
                    (B) in addition to the funds made available under 
                the amendment made by section 1117(d), there shall be 
                available from the Highway Trust Fund (other than the 
                Mass Transit Account) in the manner described in, and 
                to carry out the purposes specified in, that amendment 
                $378,000,000 for each of fiscal years 1999 through 
                2003, except that the funds made available under this 
                subparagraph, notwithstanding section 118(e)(1)(C)(v) 
                of title 23, United States Code, and section 
                201(g)(1)(B) of the Appalachian Regional Development 
                Act of 1965 (40 U.S.C. App.), shall be subject to 
                subparagraphs (A) and (B) of section 118(e)(1) of that 
                title.
            (2) Contract authority.--Funds authorized under 
        subparagraphs (A) and (B) of paragraph (1) shall be available 
        for obligation in the same manner as if the funds were 
        apportioned under chapter 1 of title 23, United States Code.
            (3) Limitation.--No obligation authority shall be made 
        available for any amounts authorized under this subsection for 
        any fiscal year for which any obligation limitation established 
        for Federal-aid highways is less than the obligation limitation 
        established for fiscal year 1998.
    (c) High Density Transportation Program.--
            (1) In general.--There is established the high density 
        transportation program (referred to in this subsection as the 
        ``program'') to provide funding to States that have higher-
        than-average population density.
            (2) Determinations.--
                    (A) In general.--On October 1, or as soon as 
                practicable thereafter, of each of fiscal years 1999 
                through 2003, the Secretary shall determine for each 
                State and the fiscal year--
                            (i) the population density of the State;
                            (ii) the total vehicle miles traveled on 
                        lanes on Federal-aid highways in the State 
                        during the latest year for which data are 
                        available;
                            (iii) the ratio that--
                                    (I) the total lane miles on 
                                Federal-aid highways in urban areas in 
                                the State; bears to
                                    (II) the total lane miles on all 
                                Federal-aid highways in the State; and
                            (iv) the quotient obtained by dividing--
                                    (I) the sum of--
                                            (aa) the amounts 
                                        apportioned to the State under 
                                        section 104 of title 23, United 
                                        States Code, for the Interstate 
                                        and National Highway System 
                                        program, the surface 
                                        transportation program, and the 
                                        congestion mitigation and air 
                                        quality improvement program;
                                            (bb) the amounts allocated 
                                        to the State under the minimum 
                                        guarantee program under section 
                                        105 of that title; and
                                            (cc) the amounts 
                                        apportioned to the State under 
                                        section 1102(c) of this Act for 
                                        ISTEA transition; by
                                    (II) the population of the State 
                                (as determined based on the latest 
                                available annual estimates prepared by 
                                the Secretary of Commerce).
                    (B) National average.--Using the data determined 
                under subparagraph (A), the Secretary shall determine 
                the national average with respect to each of the 
                factors described in clauses (i) through (iv) of 
                subparagraph (A).
            (3) Eligibility criteria.--A State shall be eligible to 
        receive funding under the program if--
                    (A) the amount determined for the State under 
                paragraph (2)(A) with respect to each factor described 
                in clauses (i) through (iii) of paragraph (2)(A) is 
                greater than the national average with respect to the 
                factor determined under paragraph (2)(B); and
                    (B) the amount determined for the State with 
                respect to the factor described in paragraph (2)(A)(iv) 
                is less than 85 percent of the national average with 
                respect to the factor determined under paragraph 
                (2)(B).
            (4) Distribution of funds.--
                    (A) Availability to states.--For each fiscal year, 
                except as provided in subparagraph (D), each State that 
                meets the eligibility criteria under paragraph (3) 
                shall receive a portion of the funds made available to 
                carry out the program that is--
                            (i) not less than $36,000,000; but
                            (ii) not more than 15 percent of the funds.
                    (B) State notification.--On October 1, or as soon 
                as practicable thereafter, of each fiscal year, the 
                Secretary shall notify each State that meets the 
                eligibility criteria under paragraph (3) that the State 
                is eligible to apply for funding under the program.
                    (C) Project proposals.--
                            (i) Submission.--
                                    (I) In general.--After receipt of a 
                                notification of eligibility under 
                                subparagraph (B), to receive funds 
                                under the program, a State, in 
                                consultation with the appropriate 
                                metropolitan planning organizations, 
                                shall submit to the Secretary proposals 
                                for projects aimed at improving 
                                mobility in densely populated areas 
                                where traffic loads and highway 
                                maintenance costs are high.
                                    (II) Total cost of projects.--The 
                                estimated total cost of the projects 
                                proposed by each State shall be equal 
                                to at least 3 times the amount that the 
                                State is eligible to receive under 
                                subparagraph (A).
                            (ii) Selection.--The Secretary shall select 
                        projects for funding under the program based on 
                        factors determined by the Secretary to reflect 
                        the degree to which a project will improve 
                        mobility in densely populated areas where 
                        traffic loads and highway maintenance costs are 
                        high.
                            (iii) Deadlines.--The Secretary may 
                        establish deadlines for States to submit 
                        project proposals, except that in the case of 
                        fiscal year 1998 the deadline may not be 
                        earlier than July 1, 1998.
                    (D) Redistribution of funds.--For each fiscal year, 
                if a State does not have pending, by the deadline 
                established under subparagraph (C)(iii), applications 
                for projects with an estimated total cost equal to at 
                least 3 times the amount that the State is eligible to 
                receive under subparagraph (A), the Secretary may 
                redistribute, to 1 or more other States, at the 
                Secretary's discretion, \1/3\ of the amount by which 
                the estimated cost of the State's applications is less 
                than 3 times the amount that the State is eligible to 
                receive.
            (5) Other eligible states.--In addition to States that meet 
        the eligibility criteria under paragraph (3), a State with 
        respect to which the following conditions are met shall also be 
        eligible for the funds made available to carry out the program 
        that remain after each State that meets the eligibility 
        criteria under paragraph (3) has received the minimum amount of 
        funds specified in paragraph (4)(A)(i):
                    (A) Population density.--The population density of 
                the State is at least 50 percent greater than the 
                population density of the United States (as determined 
                on the basis of the 1990 Federal census).
                    (B) Through truck traffic.--The quotient obtained 
                by dividing--
                            (i) the annual quantity of through truck 
                        ton-miles in the State (as determined based on 
                        the latest available estimates published by the 
                        Secretary); by
                            (ii) the annual quantity of total truck 
                        ton-miles in the State (as determined based on 
                        the latest available estimates published by the 
                        Secretary);
                is greater than 0.60.
            (6) Additional eligible states.--In addition to States that 
        meet the eligibility criteria under paragraph (3), a State with 
        respect to which the following conditions are met shall also be 
        eligible for the funds made available to carry out the program 
        that remain after each State that meets the eligibility 
        criteria under paragraph (3) has received the minimum amount of 
        funds specified in paragraph (4)(A)(i):
                    (A) Population density.--The population density of 
                the State is greater than 161 individuals per square 
                mile.
                    (B) Vehicle miles traveled.--The amount determined 
                for the State under paragraph (2)(A) with respect to 
                the factor described in paragraph (2)(A)(ii) is greater 
                than the national average with respect to the factor 
                determined under paragraph (2)(B).
                    (C) Urban federal-aid lane miles.--The ratio that--
                            (i) the total lane miles on Federal-aid 
                        highways in urban areas in the State; bears to
                            (ii) the total lane miles on all Federal-
                        aid highways in the State;
                is greater than or equal to 0.26.
                    (D) Apportionments per capita.--The amount 
                determined for the State with respect to the factor 
                described in paragraph (2)(A)(iv) is less than 85 
                percent of the national average with respect to the 
                factor determined under paragraph (2)(B).
            (7) Eligible projects.--Funds made available to carry out 
        the program may be used for any project eligible for funding 
        under title 23, United States Code, or this Act.
            (8) Authorization of contract authority.--
                    (A) In general.--There shall be available from the 
                Highway Trust Fund (other than the Mass Transit 
                Account) to carry out this subsection $360,000,000 for 
                each of fiscal years 1999 through 2003.
                    (B) Contract authority.--Funds authorized under 
                this paragraph shall be available for obligation in the 
                same manner as if the funds were apportioned under 
                chapter 1 of title 23, United States Code.
            (9) Limitations.--
                    (A) Applicability of obligation limitations.--Funds 
                made available under this subsection shall be subject 
                to subparagraphs (A) and (B) of section 118(e)(1) of 
                that title.
                    (B) Limitation on availability.--No obligation 
                authority shall be made available for any amounts 
                authorized under this subsection for any fiscal year 
                for which any obligation limitation established for 
                Federal-aid highways is less than the obligation 
                limitation established for fiscal year 1998.
    (d) Bonus Program.--
            (1) In general.--For each of fiscal years 1998 through 
        2003, after making apportionments and allocations under section 
        1102 and the amendments made by that section, the Secretary 
        shall allocate to each of the States listed in the following 
        table the amount specified for the State in the following 
        table:
      

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                            Fiscal Year (amounts in thousands of dollars)                       
       State        --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                          1998            1999            2000            2001           2002           2003    
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Alabama              $4,969          $11,021         $11,093         $11,169        $11,253        $11,352      
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Arizona              $3,864          $14,418         $14,474         $14,533        $14,598        $14,676      
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
California           $10,353         $47,050         $48,691         $48,094        $39,345        $35,119      
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Florida              $11,457         $30,175         $30,342         $30,518        $30,710        $30,940      
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Georgia              $8,723          $19,347         $19,474         $19,608        $19,754        $19,930      
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Illinois             $8,277          $21,800         $21,921         $22,048        $22,187        $22,353      
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Indiana              $6,052          $22,580         $22,668         $22,761        $22,862        $22,984      
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Kentucky             $4,316          $9,573          $9,636          $9,703         $9,775         $9,862       
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Maryland             $3,749          $4,202          $4,257          $4,314         $4,377         $4,452       
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Michigan             $7,849          $29,286         $29,400         $29,521        $29,652        $29,810      
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
North Carolina       $7,032          $15,597         $15,700         $15,808        $15,925        $16,067      
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Ohio                 $8,567          $9,601          $9,726          $9,858         $10,001        $10,173      
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Pennsylvania         $5,409          $4,174          $60             $0             $0             $0           
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
South Carolina       $3,953          $12,966         $13,023         $13,084        $13,150        $13,230      
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Tennessee            $5,631          $12,490         $12,572         $12,658        $12,752        $12,866      
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Texas                $17,129         $63,908         $64,157         $64,421        $64,707        $65,052      
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Virginia             $6,368          $14,124         $14,217         $14,315        $14,421        $14,549      
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Wisconsin            $4,520          $16,864         $16,929         $16,999        $17,075        $17,165      
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

            (2) Eligible purposes.--Amounts allocated under paragraph 
        (1) shall be available for any purpose eligible for funding 
        under title 23, United States Code, or this Act.
            (3) Authorization of contract authority.--
                    (A) In general.--There shall be available from the 
                Highway Trust Fund (other than the Mass Transit 
                Account) such sums as are necessary to carry out this 
                subsection.
                    (B) Contract authority.--Funds authorized under 
                this paragraph shall be available for obligation in the 
                same manner as if the funds were apportioned under 
                chapter 1 of title 23, United States Code.
            (4) Limitations.--
                    (A) Applicability of obligation limitations.--Funds 
                made available under this subsection shall be subject 
                to subparagraphs (A) and (B) of section 118(e)(1) of 
                that title.
                    (B) Limitation on availability.--No obligation 
                authority shall be made available for any amounts 
                authorized under this subsection for any fiscal year 
                for which any obligation limitation established for 
                Federal-aid highways is less than the obligation 
                limitation established for fiscal year 1998.
    (e) Federal Lands Highways Program.--
            (1) In general.--In addition to the amounts made available 
        under section 1101(4), there shall be available from the 
        Highway Trust Fund (other than the Mass Transit Account)--
                    (A) for Indian reservation roads under section 204 
                of title 23, United States Code, $50,000,000 for each 
                of fiscal years 1999 through 2003;
                    (B) for parkways and park roads under section 204 
                of title 23, United States Code, $70,000,000 for each 
                of fiscal years 1999 through 2003, of which $20,000,000 
                for each fiscal year shall be available to maintain and 
                improve public roads that provide access to or within 
                units of the National Wildlife Refuge System; and
                    (C) for public lands highways under section 204 of 
                title 23, United States Code, $50,000,000 for each of 
                fiscal years 1999 through 2003.
            (2) Authorization of contract authority.--
                    (A) In general.--There shall be available from the 
                Highway Trust Fund (other than the Mass Transit 
                Account) such sums as are necessary to carry out this 
                subsection.
                    (B) Contract authority.--Funds authorized under 
                this paragraph shall be available for obligation in the 
                same manner as if the funds were apportioned under 
                chapter 1 of title 23, United States Code.
            (3) Limitations.--
                    (A) Applicability of obligation limitations.--Funds 
                made available under this subsection shall be subject 
                to subparagraphs (A) and (B) of section 118(e)(1) of 
                that title.
                    (B) Limitation on availability.--No obligation 
                authority shall be made available for any amounts 
                authorized under this subsection for any fiscal year 
                for which any obligation limitation established for 
                Federal-aid highways is less than the obligation 
                limitation established for fiscal year 1998.
    (f) Preference in Interstate  4R and Bridge Discretionary Program 
Allocations.--In allocating funds under section 104(k) of title 23, 
United States Code, the Secretary shall give preference to States--
            (1)(A) with respect to which at least 40 percent of the 
        bridges in the State are functionally obsolete and structurally 
        deficient; and
            (B) that do not receive assistance made available under 
        subsection (b)(1)(B) or funding under subsection (c); or
            (2) that are bordered by 2 navigable rivers listed under 
        section 1804 of title 33, United States Code, that each 
        comprise at least 10 percent of the boundary of the State.
    (g) Additional Allocations.--
            (1) In general.--For each of fiscal years 1999 through 
        2003, after making apportionments and allocations under 
        sections 104 and 105(a) of title 23, United States Code, and 
        section 1102(c) of this Act, the Secretary shall allocate to 
        each of the following States the following amount specified for 
        the State:
                    (A) Arizona: $7,016,000.
                    (B) Indiana: $9,290,000.
                    (C) Michigan: $11,158,000.
                    (D) Oklahoma: $6,924,000.
                    (E) South Carolina: $7,109,000.
                    (F) Texas: $20,804,000.
                    (G) Wisconsin: $7,699,000.
            (2) Eligible purposes.--Amounts allocated under paragraph 
        (1) shall be available for any purpose eligible for funding 
        under title 23, United States Code, or this Act.
            (3) Authorization of contract authority.--
                    (A) In general.--There shall be available from the 
                Highway Trust Fund (other than the Mass Transit 
                Account) such sums as are necessary to carry out this 
                subsection.
                    (B) Contract authority.--Funds authorized under 
                this paragraph shall be available for obligation in the 
                same manner as if the funds were apportioned under 
                chapter 1 of title 23, United States Code.
            (4) Limitations.--
                    (A) Applicability of obligation limitations.--Funds 
                made available under this subsection shall be subject 
                to subparagraphs (A) and (B) of section 118(e)(1) of 
                that title.
                    (B) Limitation on availability.--No obligation 
                authority shall be made available for any amounts 
                authorized under this subsection for any fiscal year 
                for which any obligation limitation established for 
                Federal-aid highways is less than the obligation 
                limitation established for fiscal year 1998.

SEC. 1129. AMBASSADOR BRIDGE ACCESS, DETROIT, MICHIGAN.

    (a) In General.--Notwithstanding section 129 of title 23, United 
States Code, or any other provision of law, improvements to access 
roads and construction of access roads, approaches, and related 
facilities (such as signs, lights, and signals) necessary to connect 
the Ambassador Bridge in Detroit, Michigan, to the Interstate System 
shall be eligible for funds apportioned under paragraphs (1)(C) and (3) 
of section 104(b) of that title.
    (b) Use of Funds.--Funds described in subsection (a) shall not be 
used for any improvement to, or construction of, the bridge itself.

SEC. 1130. TRANSPORTATION ASSISTANCE FOR OLYMPIC CITIES.

    (a) Purpose.--The purpose of this section is to authorize the 
provision of assistance for, and support of, State and local efforts 
concerning surface transportation issues necessary to obtain the 
national recognition and economic benefits of participation in the 
International Olympic movement and the International Paralympic 
movement by hosting international quadrennial Olympic and Paralympic 
events in the United States.
    (b) Priority for Transportation Projects Relating to Olympic and 
Paralympic Events.--Notwithstanding any other provision of law, from 
funds available to carry out section 104(k) of title 23, United States 
Code, the Secretary may give priority to funding for a transportation 
project relating to an international quadrennial Olympic or Paralympic 
event if--
            (1) the project meets the extraordinary needs associated 
        with an international quadrennial Olympic or Paralympic event; 
        and
            (2) the project is otherwise eligible for assistance under 
        section 104(k) of that title.
    (c) Transportation Planning Activities.--The Secretary may 
participate in--
            (1) planning activities of States and metropolitan planning 
        organizations and transportation projects relating to an 
        international quadrennial Olympic or Paralympic event under 
        sections 134 and 135 of title 23, United States Code; and
            (2) developing intermodal transportation plans necessary 
        for the projects in coordination with State and local 
        transportation agencies.
    (d) Funding.--Notwithstanding section 541(a) of title 23, United 
States Code, from funds made available under that section, the 
Secretary may provide assistance for the development of an Olympic and 
a Paralympic transportation management plan in cooperation with an 
Olympic Organizing Committee responsible for hosting, and State and 
local communities affected by, an international quadrennial Olympic or 
Paralympic event.
    (e) Transportation Projects Relating to Olympic and Paralympic 
Events.--
            (1) In general.--The Secretary may provide assistance, 
        including planning, capital, and operating assistance, to 
        States and local governments in carrying out transportation 
        projects relating to an international quadrennial Olympic or 
        Paralympic event.
            (2) Federal share.--The Federal share of the cost of a 
        project assisted under this subsection shall not exceed 80 
        percent.
    (f) Eligible Governments.--A State or local government shall be 
eligible to receive assistance under this section only if the 
government is hosting a venue that is part of an international 
quadrennial Olympics that is officially selected by the International 
Olympic Committee.
    (g) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be 
appropriated from the Highway Trust Fund (other than the Mass Transit 
Account) to carry out this section such sums as are necessary for each 
of fiscal years 1998 through 2003.

SEC. 1131. NATIONAL DEFENSE HIGHWAYS OUTSIDE THE UNITED STATES.

    (a) Reconstruction Projects.--If the Secretary determines, after 
consultation with the Secretary of Defense, that a highway, or a 
portion of a highway, located outside the United States is important to 
the national defense, the Secretary may carry out a project for 
reconstruction of the highway or portion of highway.
    (b) Funding.--
            (1) In general.--For each of fiscal years 1998 through 
        2003, the Secretary may set aside not to exceed $16,000,000 
        from amounts to be apportioned under section 104(b)(1)(A) of 
        title 23, United States Code, to carry out this section.
            (2) Availability.--Funds made available under paragraph (1) 
        shall remain available until expended.

SEC. 1132. NATIONAL HISTORIC COVERED BRIDGE PRESERVATION.

    (a) Definitions.--In this section:
            (1) Covered bridge.--The term ``covered bridge''--
                    (A) means a roofed bridge that is made primarily of 
                wood; and
                    (B) includes the roof, flooring, trusses, joints, 
                walls, piers, footings, walkways, support structures, 
                arch systems, and underlying land.
            (2) Historic covered bridge.--The term ``historic covered 
        bridge'' means a covered bridge that--
                    (A) is at least 50 years old; or
                    (B) is listed on the National Register of Historic 
                Places.
    (b) Historic Covered Bridge Preservation.--The Secretary shall--
            (1) develop and maintain a list of historic covered 
        bridges;
            (2) collect and disseminate information concerning historic 
        covered bridges;
            (3) foster educational programs relating to the history, 
        construction techniques, and contribution to society of 
        historic covered bridges;
            (4) sponsor or conduct research on the history of covered 
        bridges; and
            (5) sponsor or conduct research, and study techniques, on 
        protecting covered bridges from rot, fire, natural disasters, 
        or weight-related damage.
    (c) Direct Federal Assistance.--
            (1) In general.--Subject to the availability of 
        appropriations, the Secretary shall make a grant to a State 
        that submits an application to the Secretary that demonstrates 
        a need for assistance in carrying out 1 or more historic 
        covered bridge projects described in paragraph (2).
            (2) Types of project.--A grant under paragraph (1) may be 
        made for a project--
                    (A) to rehabilitate or repair a historic covered 
                bridge;
                    (B) to preserve a historic covered bridge, 
                including through--
                            (i) installation of a fire protection 
                        system, including a fireproofing or fire 
                        detection system and sprinklers;
                            (ii) installation of a system to prevent 
                        vandalism and arson; or
                            (iii) relocation of a bridge to a 
                        preservation site; and
                    (C) to conduct a field test on a historic covered 
                bridge or evaluate a component of a historic covered 
                bridge, including through destructive testing of the 
                component.
            (3) Authenticity.--A grant under paragraph (1) may be made 
        for a project only if--
                    (A) to the maximum extent practicable, the 
                project--
                            (i) is carried out in the most historically 
                        appropriate manner; and
                            (ii) preserves the existing structure of 
                        the historic covered bridge; and
                    (B) the project provides for the replacement of 
                wooden components with wooden components, unless the 
                use of wood is impracticable for safety reasons.
    (d) Funding.--There is authorized to be appropriated to carry out 
this section $10,000,000 for each of fiscal years 1999 through 2003, to 
remain available until expended.

            Subtitle B--Program Streamlining and Flexibility

                     CHAPTER 1--GENERAL PROVISIONS

SEC. 1201. ADMINISTRATIVE EXPENSES.

    Section 104 of title 23, United States Code, is amended by striking 
subsection (a) and inserting the following:
    ``(a) Administrative Expenses.--
            ``(1) In general.--Whenever an apportionment is made of the 
        sums made available for expenditure on the surface 
        transportation program under section 133, the congestion 
        mitigation and air quality improvement program under section 
        149, or the Interstate and National Highway System program 
        under section 103, the Secretary shall deduct a sum, in an 
        amount not to exceed 1\1/2\ percent of all sums so made 
        available, as the Secretary determines necessary to administer 
        the provisions of law to be financed from appropriations for 
        the Federal-aid highway program and programs authorized under 
        chapter 2.
            ``(2) Consideration of unobligated balances.--In making the 
        determination described in paragraph (1), the Secretary shall 
        take into account the unobligated balance of any sums deducted 
        under this subsection in prior fiscal years.
            ``(3) Availability.--The sum deducted under paragraph (1) 
        shall remain available until expended.''.

SEC. 1202. REAL PROPERTY ACQUISITION AND CORRIDOR PRESERVATION.

    (a) Advance Acquisition of Real Property.--Section 108 of title 23, 
United States Code, is amended--
            (1) by striking the section heading and inserting the 
        following:
``Sec. 108. Advance acquisition of real property'';
        and
            (2) by striking subsection (a) and inserting the following:
    ``(a) In General.--
            ``(1) Availability of funds.--For the purpose of 
        facilitating the timely and economical acquisition of real 
        property for a transportation improvement eligible for funding 
        under this title, the Secretary, upon the request of a State, 
        may make available, for the acquisition of real property, such 
        funds apportioned to the State as may be expended on the 
        transportation improvement, under such rules and regulations as 
        the Secretary may issue.
            ``(2) Construction.--The agreement between the Secretary 
        and the State for the reimbursement of the cost of the real 
        property shall provide for the actual construction of the 
        transportation improvement within a period not to exceed 20 
        years following the fiscal year for which the request is made, 
        unless the Secretary determines that a longer period is 
        reasonable.''.
    (b) Credit for Acquired Lands.--Section 323(b) of title 23, United 
States Code, is amended--
            (1) in the subsection heading, by striking ``Donated'' and 
        inserting ``Acquired'';
            (2) by striking paragraphs (1) and (2) and inserting the 
        following:
            ``(1) In general.--Notwithstanding any other provision of 
        this title, the State share of the cost of a project with 
        respect to which Federal assistance is provided from the 
        Highway Trust Fund (other than the Mass Transit Account) may be 
        credited in an amount equal to the fair market value of any 
        land that--
                    ``(A) is obtained by the State or a unit of local 
                government in the State, without violation of Federal 
                law;
                    ``(B) is incorporated into the project;
                    ``(C) is not land described in section 138; and
                    ``(D) does not influence the environmental 
                assessment of the project, including--
                            ``(i) the decision as to the need to 
                        construct the project;
                            ``(ii) the consideration of alternatives; 
                        and
                            ``(iii) the selection of a specific 
                        location.
            ``(2) Establishment of fair market value.--The fair market 
        value of land incorporated into a project and credited under 
        paragraph (1) shall be established in the manner determined by 
        the Secretary, except that--
                    ``(A) the fair market value shall not include any 
                increase or decrease in the value of donated property 
                caused by the project; and
                    ``(B) the fair market value of donated land shall 
                be established as of the earlier of--
                            ``(i) the date on which the donation 
                        becomes effective; or
                            ``(ii) the date on which equitable title to 
                        the land vests in the State.'';
            (3) in paragraph (3), by striking ``agency of a Federal, 
        State, or local government'' and inserting ``agency of the 
        Federal Government'';
            (4) in paragraph (4), by striking ``to which the donation 
        is applied''; and
            (5) by redesignating paragraph (4) as paragraph (3).
    (c) Crediting of Contributions by Units of Local Government Toward 
the State Share.--Section 323 of title 23, United States Code, is 
amended by adding at the end the following:
    ``(e) Crediting of Contributions by Units of Local Government 
Toward the State Share.--A contribution by a unit of local government 
of real property, funds, material, or a service in connection with a 
project eligible for assistance under this title shall be credited 
against the State share of the project at the fair market value of the 
real property, funds, material, or service.''.
    (d) Conforming Amendments.--
            (1) Section 323 of title 23, United States Code, is amended 
        by striking the section heading and inserting the following:
``Sec. 323. Donations and credits''.
            (2) The analysis for chapter 1 of title 23, United States 
        Code, is amended--
                    (A) by striking the item relating to section 108 
                and inserting the following:

``108. Advance acquisition of real property.'';
                and
                    (B) by striking the item relating to section 323 
                and inserting the following:

``323. Donations and credits.''.

SEC. 1203. AVAILABILITY OF FUNDS.

    Section 118 of title 23, United States Code, is amended by striking 
subsection (e) and inserting the following:
    ``(e) Availability of Funds.--
            ``(1) In general.--Any Federal-aid highway funds released 
        by the final payment on a project, or by the modification of a 
        project agreement, shall be credited to the same program 
        funding category for which the funds were previously 
        apportioned and shall be immediately available for obligation.
            ``(2) Transfer of interstate construction funds.--Any 
        Federal-aid highway funds apportioned to a State under section 
        104(b)(5)(A) (as in effect on the day before the date of 
        enactment of this paragraph) and credited under paragraph (1) 
        may be transferred by the Secretary in accordance with section 
        103(d).''.

SEC. 1204. PAYMENTS TO STATES FOR CONSTRUCTION.

    Section 121 of title 23, United States Code, is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a), by striking the second and third 
        sentences and inserting the following: ``The payments may also 
        be made for the value of such materials as--
            ``(1) have been stockpiled in the vicinity of the 
        construction in conformity to plans and specifications for the 
        projects; and
            ``(2) are not in the vicinity of the construction if the 
        Secretary determines that because of required fabrication at an 
        off-site location the materials cannot be stockpiled in the 
        vicinity.'';
            (2) by striking subsection (b) and inserting the following:
    ``(b) Project Agreements.--
            ``(1) Payments.--A payment under this chapter may be made 
        only for a project covered by a project agreement.
            ``(2) Source of payments.--After completion of a project in 
        accordance with the project agreement, a State shall be 
        entitled to payment, out of the appropriate sums apportioned or 
        allocated to the State, of the unpaid balance of the Federal 
        share of the cost of the project.'';
            (3) by striking subsections (c) and (d); and
            (4) by redesignating subsection (e) as subsection (c).

SEC. 1205. PROCEEDS FROM THE SALE OR LEASE OF REAL PROPERTY.

    (a) In General.--Section 156 of title 23, United States Code, is 
amended to read as follows:
``Sec. 156. Proceeds from the sale or lease of real property
    ``(a) Minimum Charge.--Subject to section 142(f), a State shall 
charge, at a minimum, fair market value for the sale, use, lease, or 
lease renewal (other than for utility use and occupancy or for a 
transportation project eligible for assistance under this title) of 
real property acquired with Federal assistance made available from the 
Highway Trust Fund (other than the Mass Transit Account).
    ``(b) Exceptions.--The Secretary may grant an exception to the 
requirement of subsection (a) for a social, environmental, or economic 
purpose.
    ``(c) Use of Federal Share of Income.--The Federal share of net 
income from the revenues obtained by a State under subsection (a) shall 
be used by the State for projects eligible under this title.''.
    (b) Conforming Amendment.--The analysis for chapter 1 of title 23, 
United States Code, is amended by striking the item relating to section 
156 and inserting the following:

``156. Proceeds from the sale or lease of real property.''.

SEC. 1206. METRIC CONVERSION AT STATE OPTION.

    Section 205(c)(2) of the National Highway System Designation Act of 
1995 (23 U.S.C. 109 note; 109 Stat. 577) is amended by striking 
``Before September 30, 2000, the'' and inserting ``The''.

SEC. 1207. REPORT ON OBLIGATIONS.

    Section 104(m) of title 23, United States Code (as redesignated by 
section 1113(c)(1)), is amended--
            (1) by inserting ``Report to Congress.--'' before ``The 
        Secretary'';
            (2) by striking ``not later than'' and all that follows 
        through ``a report'' and inserting ``a report for each fiscal 
        year'';
            (3) in paragraph (1), by striking ``preceding calendar 
        month'' and inserting ``preceding fiscal year'';
            (4) by striking paragraph (2);
            (5) in paragraph (3), by striking ``such preceding month'' 
        and inserting ``that preceding fiscal year''; and
            (6) by redesignating paragraphs (3) and (4) as paragraphs 
        (2) and (3), respectively.

SEC. 1208. TERMINATIONS.

    (a) Right-of-Way Revolving Fund.--Section 108 of title 23, United 
States Code, is amended by striking subsection (c) and inserting the 
following:
    ``(c) Termination of Right-of-Way Revolving Fund.--
            ``(1) In general.--Funds apportioned and advanced to a 
        State by the Secretary from the right-of-way revolving fund 
        established by this section prior to the date of enactment of 
        the Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1998 
        shall remain available to the State for use on the projects for 
        which the funds were advanced for a period of 20 years from the 
        date on which the funds were advanced.
            ``(2) Credit to highway trust fund.--With respect to a 
        project for which funds have been advanced from the right-of-
        way revolving fund, upon the termination of the 20-year period 
        referred to in paragraph (1), when actual construction is 
        commenced, or upon approval by the Secretary of the plans, 
        specifications, and estimates for the actual construction of 
        the project on the right-of-way, whichever occurs first--
                    ``(A) the Highway Trust Fund shall be credited with 
                an amount equal to the Federal share of the funds 
                advanced, as provided in section 120, out of any 
                Federal-aid highway funds apportioned to the State in 
                which the project is located and available for 
                obligation for projects of the type funded; and
                    ``(B) the State shall reimburse the Secretary in an 
                amount equal to the non-Federal share of the funds 
                advanced for deposit in, and credit to, the Highway 
                Trust Fund.''.
    (b) Pilot Toll Collection Program.--Section 129 of title 23, United 
States Code, is amended by striking subsection (d).
    (c) National Recreational Trails Advisory Committee.--As soon as 
practicable after the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary 
shall take such action as is necessary for the termination of the 
National Recreational Trails Advisory Committee established by section 
1303 of the Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 
(16 U.S.C. 1262) (as in effect on the day before the date of enactment 
of this Act).
    (d) Congressional Bridge Commissions.--Public Law 87-441 (76 Stat. 
59) is repealed.

SEC. 1209. INTERSTATE MAINTENANCE.

    (a) Interstate Funds.--Section 119 of title 23, United States Code, 
is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a), by striking the second sentence;
            (2) by striking subsection (d); and
            (3) by striking subsection (f) and inserting the following:
    ``(f) Transferability of Funds.--
            ``(1) Unconditional.--A State may transfer an amount not to 
        exceed 30 percent of the sums apportioned to the State under 
        subparagraphs (A) and (B) of section 104(b)(1) to the 
        apportionment of the State under paragraphs (1)(C) and (3) of 
        section 104(b).
            ``(2) Upon acceptance of certification.--If a State 
        certifies to the Secretary that any part of the sums 
        apportioned to the State under subparagraphs (A) and (B) of 
        section 104(b)(1) is in excess of the needs of the State for 
        resurfacing, restoring, rehabilitating, or reconstructing 
        routes and bridges on the Interstate System in the State and 
        that the State is adequately maintaining the routes and 
        bridges, and the Secretary accepts the certification, the State 
        may transfer, in addition to the amount authorized to be 
        transferred under paragraph (1), an amount not to exceed 20 
        percent of the sums apportioned to the State under 
        subparagraphs (A) and (B) of section 104(b)(1) to the 
        apportionment of the State under paragraphs (1)(C) and (3) of 
        section 104(b).''.
    (b) Eligibility.--Section 119 of title 23, United States Code, is 
amended--
            (1) in the first sentence of subsection (a), by striking 
        ``and rehabilitating'' and inserting ``, rehabilitating, and 
        reconstructing'';
            (2) by striking subsections (b), (c), (e), and (g);
            (3) by inserting after subsection (a) the following:
    ``(b) Eligible Activities.--
            ``(1) In general.--A State--
                    ``(A) may use funds apportioned under subparagraph 
                (A) or (B) of section 104(b)(1) for resurfacing, 
                restoring, rehabilitating, and reconstructing routes on 
                the Interstate System, including--
                            ``(i) resurfacing, restoring, 
                        rehabilitating, and reconstructing bridges, 
                        interchanges, and overcrossings;
                            ``(ii) acquiring rights-of-way; and
                            ``(iii) intelligent transportation system 
                        capital improvements that are infrastructure-
                        based to the extent that they improve the 
                        performance of the Interstate System; but
                    ``(B) may not use the funds for construction of new 
                travel lanes other than high-occupancy vehicle lanes or 
                auxiliary lanes.
            ``(2) Expansion of capacity.--
                    ``(A) Using transferred funds.--Notwithstanding 
                paragraph (1), funds transferred under subsection 
                (c)(1) may be used for construction to provide for 
                expansion of the capacity of an Interstate System 
                highway (including a bridge).
                    ``(B) Using funds not transferred.--
                            ``(i) In general.--In lieu of transferring 
                        funds under subsection (c)(1) and using the 
                        transferred funds for the purpose described in 
                        subparagraph (A), a State may use an amount of 
                        the sums apportioned to the State under 
                        subparagraph (A) or (B) of section 104(b)(1) 
                        for the purpose described in subparagraph (A).
                            ``(ii) Limitation.--The sum of the amount 
                        used under clause (i) and any amount 
                        transferred under subsection (c)(1) by a State 
                        may not exceed 30 percent of the sums 
                        apportioned to the State under subparagraphs 
                        (A) and (B) of section 104(b)(1).''; and
            (4) by redesignating subsection (f) as subsection (c).
    (c) Conforming Amendments.--
            (1) Section 119(a) of title 23, United States Code, is 
        amended in the first sentence by striking ``; except that the 
        Secretary may only approve a project pursuant to this 
        subsection on a toll road if such road is subject to a 
        Secretarial agreement provided for in subsection (e)''.
            (2) Section 1009(c)(2) of the Intermodal Surface 
        Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 (23 U.S.C. 119 note; 105 
        Stat. 1934) is amended by striking ``section 119(f)(1)'' and 
        inserting ``section 119(c)(1)''.

SEC. 1210. ENGINEERING COST REIMBURSEMENT.

    Section 102(b) of title 23, United States Code, is amended in the 
first sentence by inserting before the period at the end the following: 
``unless, before the end of the 10-year period, the State requests a 
longer period for commencement of the construction or acquisition and 
the Secretary determines that the request is reasonable''.

                      CHAPTER 2--PROJECT APPROVAL

SEC. 1221. TRANSFER OF HIGHWAY AND TRANSIT FUNDS.

    Section 104 of title 23, United States Code (as amended by section 
1118), is amended by inserting after subsection (k) the following:
    ``(l) Transfer of Highway and Transit Funds.--
            ``(1) Transfer of highway funds.--Funds made available 
        under this title and transferred for transit projects shall be 
        administered by the Secretary in accordance with chapter 53 of 
        title 49, except that the provisions of this title relating to 
        the non-Federal share shall apply to the transferred funds.
            ``(2) Transfer of transit funds.--Funds made available 
        under chapter 53 of title 49 and transferred for highway 
        projects shall be administered by the Secretary in accordance 
        with this title, except that the provisions of that chapter 
        relating to the non-Federal share shall apply to the 
        transferred funds.
            ``(3) Transfer to amtrak and publicly-owned passenger rail 
        lines.--Funds made available under this title or chapter 53 of 
        title 49 and transferred to the National Railroad Passenger 
        Corporation or to any publicly-owned intercity or intracity 
        passenger rail line shall be administered by the Secretary in 
        accordance with subtitle V of title 49, except that the 
        provisions of this title or chapter 53 of title 49, as 
        applicable, relating to the non-Federal share shall apply to 
        the transferred funds.
            ``(4) Transfer of obligation authority.--Obligation 
        authority provided for projects described in paragraphs (1) 
        through (3) shall be transferred in the same manner and amount 
        as the funds for the projects are transferred.''.

SEC. 1222. PROJECT APPROVAL AND OVERSIGHT.

    (a) In General.--Section 106 of title 23, United States Code, is 
amended--
            (1) by striking the section heading and inserting the 
        following:
``Sec. 106. Project approval and oversight'';
            (2) by redesignating subsections (e) and (f) as subsections 
        (g) and (h), respectively;
            (3) by striking subsections (a) through (d) and inserting 
        the following:
    ``(a) In General.--Except as otherwise provided in this section, 
the State transportation department shall submit to the Secretary for 
approval such plans, specifications, and estimates for each proposed 
project as the Secretary may require. The Secretary shall act upon such 
plans, specifications, and estimates as soon as practicable after they 
have been submitted, and shall enter into a formal project agreement 
with the State transportation department formalizing the conditions of 
the project approval. The execution of such project agreement shall be 
deemed a contractual obligation of the Federal Government for the 
payment of its proportional contribution thereto. In taking such 
action, the Secretary shall be guided by the provisions of section 109 
of this title.
    ``(b) Project Agreement.--The project agreement shall make 
provision for State funds required for the State's pro rata share of 
the cost of construction of the project and for the maintenance of the 
project after completion of construction. The Secretary may rely upon 
representations made by the State transportation department with 
respect to the arrangements or agreements made by the State 
transportation department and appropriate local officials where a part 
of the project is to be constructed at the expense of, or in 
cooperation with, local subdivisions of the State.
    ``(c) Special Rules for Project Oversight.--
            ``(1) NHS projects.--Except as otherwise provided in 
        subsection (d) of this section, the Secretary may discharge to 
        the State any of the Secretary's responsibilities for the 
        design, plans, specifications, estimates, contract awards, and 
        inspection of projects under this title on the National Highway 
        System. Before discharging responsibilities to the State, the 
        Secretary shall reach agreement with the State as to the extent 
        to which the State may assume the responsibilities of the 
        Secretary under this subsection. The Secretary may not assume 
        any greater responsibility than the Secretary is permitted 
        under this title as of September 30, 1997, except upon 
        agreement by the Secretary and the State.
            ``(2) Non-nhs projects.--For all projects under this title 
        that are off the National Highway System, the State may request 
        that the Secretary no longer review and approve the design, 
        plans, specifications, estimates, contract awards, and 
        inspection of projects under this title. After receiving any 
        such request, the Secretary shall undertake project review only 
        as requested by the State.
    ``(d) Responsibilities of the Secretary.--
            ``(1) In general.--Subject to paragraph (2), nothing in 
        this section, section 133, or section 149 shall affect or 
        discharge any responsibility or obligation of the Secretary 
        under any Federal law other than this title.
            ``(2) Limitation.--Any responsibility or obligation of the 
        Secretary under sections 113 and 114 of this title shall not be 
        affected and may not be discharged under this section, section 
        133, or section 149.
    ``(e) Value Engineering Analysis.--In such cases as the Secretary 
determines advisable, plans, specifications, and estimates for proposed 
projects on any Federal-aid highway shall be accompanied by a value 
engineering or other cost reduction analysis.
    ``(f) Financial Plan.--The Secretary shall require a financial plan 
to be prepared for any project with an estimated total cost of 
$1,000,000,000 or more.''.
    (b) Standards.--
            (1) Elimination of guidelines and annual certification 
        requirements.--Section 109 of title 23, United States Code, is 
        amended--
                    (A) by striking subsection (m); and
                    (B) by redesignating subsections (n) through (q) as 
                subsections (m) through (p), respectively.
            (2) Safety standards.--Section 109 of title 23, United 
        States Code (as amended by paragraph (1)), is amended by adding 
        at the end the following:
    ``(q) Phase Construction.--Safety considerations for a project 
under this title may be met by phase construction.''.
    (c) Programs; Project Agreements; Certification Acceptance.--
Sections 110 and 117 of title 23, United States Code, are repealed.
    (d) Conforming Amendments.--
            (1) The analysis for chapter 1 of title 23 is amended--
                    (A) by striking the item relating to section 106 
                and inserting the following:

``106. Project approval and oversight.'';
                and
                    (B) by striking the items relating to sections 110 
                and 117.
            (2) Section 101(a) of title 23, United States Code, is 
        amended in the undesignated paragraph defining ``project 
        agreement'' by striking ``the provisions of subsection (a) of 
        section 110 of this title'' and inserting ``section 106''.
            (3) Section 114(a) of title 23, United States Code, is 
        amended in the second sentence by striking ``section 117 of 
        this title'' and inserting ``section 106''.

SEC. 1223. SURFACE TRANSPORTATION PROGRAM.

    (a) Transportation Enhancement Activities.--Section 133 of title 
23, United States Code, is amended--
            (1) in subsection (d)--
                    (A) in paragraph (2), by striking ``10'' and 
                inserting ``8''; and
                    (B) in the first sentence of paragraph (3)(A), by 
                striking ``80'' and inserting ``82''; and
            (2) in subsection (e)--
                    (A) in paragraph (3)(B)(i), by striking ``if the 
                Secretary'' and all that follows through 
                ``activities''; and
                    (B) in paragraph (5), by adding at the end the 
                following:
                    ``(C) Innovative financing.--
                            ``(i) In general.--For each fiscal year, 
                        the average annual non-Federal share of the 
                        total cost of all projects to carry out 
                        transportation enhancement activities in a 
                        State shall be not less than the non-Federal 
                        share authorized for the State under section 
                        120(b).
                            ``(ii) Exception.--Subject to clause (i), 
                        notwithstanding section 120, in the case of 
                        projects to carry out transportation 
                        enhancement activities--
                                    ``(I) funds from other Federal 
                                agencies, and other contributions that 
                                the Secretary determines are of value, 
                                may be credited toward the non-Federal 
                                share of project costs;
                                    ``(II) the non-Federal share may be 
                                calculated on a project, multiple-
                                project, or program basis; and
                                    ``(III) the Federal share of the 
                                cost of an individual project subject 
                                to subclause (I) or (II) may be equal 
                                to 100 percent.''.
    (b) Program Approval.--Section 133(e) of title 23, United States 
Code, is amended by striking paragraph (2) and inserting the following:
            ``(2) Program approval.--
                    ``(A) Submission of project agreement.--For each 
                fiscal year, each State shall submit a project 
                agreement that--
                            ``(i) certifies that the State will meet 
                        all the requirements of this section; and
                            ``(ii) notifies the Secretary of the amount 
                        of obligations needed to carry out the program 
                        under this section.
                    ``(B) Request for adjustments of amounts.--As 
                necessary, each State shall request from the Secretary 
                adjustments to the amount of obligations referred to in 
                subparagraph (A)(ii).
                    ``(C) Effect of approval by the secretary.--
                Approval by the Secretary of a project agreement under 
                subparagraph (A) shall be deemed a contractual 
                obligation of the United States to pay surface 
                transportation program funds made available under this 
                title.''.
    (c) Payments.--Section 133(e)(3)(A) of title 23, United States 
Code, is amended by striking the second sentence.
    (d) Definition of Transportation Enhancement Activities.--Section 
101(a) of title 23, United States Code, is amended in the undesignated 
paragraph defining ``transportation enhancement activities'' by 
striking ``scenic or historic highway programs,'' and inserting 
``scenic or historic highway programs (including the provision of 
tourist and welcome center facilities),''.

SEC. 1224. DESIGN-BUILD CONTRACTING.

    (a) Authority.--Section 112(b) of title 23, United States Code, is 
amended--
            (1) in the first sentence of paragraph (1), by striking 
        ``paragraph (2)'' and inserting ``paragraphs (2) and (3)'';
            (2) in paragraph (2)(A), by striking ``Each'' and inserting 
        ``Subject to paragraph (3), each''; and
            (3) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(3) Design-build contracting.--
                    ``(A) In general.--A State transportation 
                department may award a contract for the design and 
                construction of a qualified project described in 
                subparagraph (B) using competitive bidding procedures 
                approved by the Secretary in accordance with 
                subparagraph (C).
                    ``(B) Qualified projects.--A qualified project 
                referred to in subparagraph (A) is a project under this 
                chapter that involves installation of an intelligent 
                transportation system or that consists of a usable 
                project segment and for which--
                            ``(i) the Secretary has approved the use of 
                        design-build contracting described in 
                        subparagraph (A) under criteria specified in 
                        regulations promulgated by the Secretary; and
                            ``(ii) the total costs are estimated to 
                        exceed--
                                    ``(I) in the case of a project that 
                                involves installation of an intelligent 
                                transportation system, $5,000,000; and
                                    ``(II) in the case of a usable 
                                project segment, $50,000,000.
                    ``(C) Procedures that may be approved.--Under 
                subparagraph (A), the Secretary may approve, for use by 
                a State, only procedures that consist of--
                            ``(i) formal design-build contracting 
                        procedures specified in a State statute; or
                            ``(ii) in the case of a State that does not 
                        have a statute described in clause (i), the 
                        design-build selection procedures authorized 
                        under section 303M of the Federal Property and 
                        Administrative Services Act of 1949 (41 U.S.C. 
                        253m).''.
    (b) Competitive Bidding Defined.--Section 112 of title 23, United 
States Code, is amended by striking subsection (f) and inserting the 
following:
    ``(f) Competitive Bidding Defined.--In this section, the term 
`competitive bidding' means the procedures used to award contracts for 
engineering and design services under subsection (b)(2) and design-
build contracts under subsection (b)(3).''.
    (c) Regulations.--
            (1) In general.--Not later than the effective date 
        specified in subsection (e), the Secretary shall promulgate 
        regulations to carry out the amendments made by this section.
            (2) Contents.--The regulations shall--
                    (A) identify the criteria to be used by the 
                Secretary in approving the use by a State 
                transportation department of design-build contracting; 
                and
                    (B) establish the procedures to be followed by a 
                State transportation department for obtaining the 
                Secretary's approval of the use of design-build 
                contracting by the department and the competitive 
                bidding procedures used by the department.
    (d) Effect on Experimental Program.--Nothing in this section or the 
amendments made by this section affects the authority to carry out, or 
any project carried out under, any experimental program concerning 
design-build contracting that is being carried out by the Secretary as 
of the date of enactment of this Act.
    (e) Effective Date for Amendments.--The amendments made by this 
section take effect 2 years after the date of enactment of this Act.

SEC. 1225. INTEGRATED DECISIONMAKING PROCESS.

    (a) In General.--Subchapter III of chapter 3 of title 49, United 
States Code, is amended by adding at the end the following:
``Sec. 354. Integrated decisionmaking process
    ``(a) Definitions.--In this section:
            ``(1) Integrated decisionmaking process.--The term 
        `integrated decisionmaking process' means the integrated 
        decisionmaking process established with respect to a surface 
        transportation project under subsection (b).
            ``(2) NEPA process.--The term `NEPA process' means the 
        process of complying with the requirements of the National 
        Environmental Policy Act of 1969 (42 U.S.C. 4321 et seq.) with 
        respect to a surface transportation project.
            ``(3) Secretary.--The term `Secretary' means the Secretary 
        of Transportation.
            ``(4) Surface transportation project.--The term `surface 
        transportation project' means--
                    ``(A) a highway construction project that is 
                subject to the approval of the Secretary under title 
                23; and
                    ``(B) a capital project (as defined in section 
                5302(a)(1)).
            ``(5) Concurrent processing.--The term `concurrent 
        processing' means to the fullest extent practicable, and to the 
        extent otherwise required, agencies shall prepare environmental 
        impact statements and environmental assessments concurrently 
        with and integrated with environmental analyses and related 
        surveys and studies required by the Fish and Wildlife 
        Coordination Act (16 U.S.C. 661 et seq.), the National Historic 
        Preservation Act of 1966 (16 U.S.C. 470 et seq.), the 
        Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.) and 
        other environmental review laws and executive orders.
    ``(b) Establishment of Integrated Decisionmaking Processes for 
Surface Transportation Projects.--The Secretary shall--
            ``(1) establish an integrated decisionmaking process for 
        surface transportation projects that designates major decision 
        points likely to have significant environmental effects and 
        conflicts; and
            ``(2) integrate the requirements of the National 
        Environmental Policy Act of 1969 (42 U.S.C. 4321 et seq.) for 
        surface transportation projects at the earliest possible time, 
        including, to the extent appropriate, at the planning stage 
        with the agreement of the State transportation agencies and the 
        cooperating agencies.
    ``(c) Integrated Decisionmaking Goals.--The integrated 
decisionmaking process for surface transportation projects should, to 
the maximum extent practicable, accomplish the following major goals:
            ``(1) Integrate the NEPA process for surface transportation 
        projects at the earliest possible time.
            ``(2) Integrate all applicable Federal, State, tribal, and 
        local permitting requirements.
            ``(3) Integrate national transportation, social, safety, 
        economic, and environmental goals with State, tribal, and local 
        land use and growth management initiatives, economic 
        development and transportation initiatives.
            ``(4) Consolidate Federal, State, tribal, and local 
        decisionmaking to achieve the best overall public interest 
        according to an agreed schedule.
    ``(d) Streamlining.--
            ``(1) Avoidance of delays, prevention of conflicts, and 
        elimination of unnecessary duplication.--The Secretary shall 
        design the integrated decisionmaking process to avoid delays in 
        decisionmaking, prevent conflicts between cooperating agencies 
        and members of the public, and eliminate unnecessary 
        duplication of review and decisionmaking relating to surface 
        transportation projects.
            ``(2) Integration; comprehensive process.--The NEPA 
        process--
                    ``(A) shall be integrated for surface 
                transportation projects by Federal, State, tribal, and 
                local transportation agencies; and
                    ``(B) serve as a comprehensive decisionmaking 
                process.
            ``(3) Other requirements.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall--
                            ``(i) establish a concurrent transportation 
                        and environmental coordination process to 
                        reduce paperwork, combine review documents, and 
                        eliminate duplicative reviews;
                            ``(ii) develop interagency agreements to 
                        streamline and improve interagency coordination 
                        and processing time;
                            ``(iii) apply strategic and programmatic 
                        approaches to better integrate and expedite the 
                        NEPA process and transportation decisionmaking; 
                        and
                            ``(iv) ensure, in appropriate cases, by 
                        conducting concurrent reviews whenever 
                        possible, that any analyses and reviews 
                        conducted by the Secretary consider the needs 
                        of other reviewing agencies.
                    ``(B) Time schedules.--To comply with subparagraph 
                (A)(ii), time schedules shall be consistent with 
                sections 1501.8 and 1506.10 of title 40, Code of 
                Federal Regulations (or any successor regulations).
            ``(4) Concurrent processing.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The integrated decisionmaking 
                process shall, to the extent practicable, include a 
                procedure to provide for concurrent processing of all 
                Federal, State, tribal, and local reviews and decisions 
                emanating from those reviews.
                    ``(B) Inconsistency with other requirements.--
                Subparagraph (A) does not require concurrent review if 
                concurrent review would be inconsistent with other 
                statutory or regulatory requirements.
    ``(e) Interagency Cooperation.--
            ``(1) Lead and cooperating agency concepts.--The lead and 
        cooperating agency concepts of section 1501 of title 40, Code 
        of Federal Regulations (or any successor regulation), shall be 
        considered essential elements to ensure integration of 
        transportation decisionmaking.
            ``(2) Responsibilities.--The Secretary shall--
                    ``(A) not later than 60 days after the date on 
                which a surface transportation project is selected for 
                study by a State, identify each Federal agency that may 
                be required to participate in the integrated 
                decisionmaking process relating to the surface 
                transportation project and notify the agency of the 
                surface transportation project;
                    ``(B) afford State, regional, tribal, and local 
                governments with decisionmaking authority on surface 
                transportation projects the opportunity to serve as 
                cooperating agencies;
                    ``(C) provide cooperating agencies and the public 
                on request the results of any analysis or other 
                information related to a surface transportation 
                project;
                    ``(D) host an early scoping meeting for Federal 
                agencies and, when appropriate, conduct field reviews, 
                as soon as practicable in the environmental review 
                process;
                    ``(E) solicit from each cooperating agency as early 
                as practicable the data and analyses necessary to 
                facilitate execution of the duties of each cooperating 
                agency;
                    ``(F) use, to the maximum extent possible, 
                scientific, technical, and environmental data and 
                analyses previously prepared by or for other Federal, 
                State, tribal, or local agencies, after an independent 
                evaluation by the Secretary of the data and analyses;
                    ``(G) jointly, with the cooperating agencies, host 
                public meetings and other community participation 
                processes; and
                    ``(H) ensure that the NEPA process and 
                documentation provide all necessary information for the 
                cooperating agency to--
                            ``(i) discharge the responsibilities of the 
                        cooperating agency under the National 
                        Environmental Policy Act of 1969 (42 U.S.C. 
                        4321 et seq.) and other law; and
                            ``(ii) take action on approvals, permits, 
                        licenses, and clearances.
    ``(f) Enhanced Scoping Process.--During the scoping process for a 
surface transportation project, in addition to other statutory and 
regulatory requirements, the Secretary shall, to the extent 
practicable--
            ``(1) provide the public with clearly understandable 
        milestones that occur during an integrated decisionmaking 
        process;
            ``(2) ensure that all agencies with jurisdiction by law or 
        with special expertise have sufficient information and data to 
        discharge their responsibilities;
            ``(3) ensure that all agencies with jurisdiction by law or 
        with special expertise, and the public, are invited to 
        participate in the initial scoping process;
            ``(4) coordinate with other agencies to ensure that the 
        agencies provide to the Secretary, not later than 30 days after 
        the first interagency scoping meeting, any preliminary concerns 
        about how the proposed project may affect matters within their 
        jurisdiction or special expertise based on information 
        available at the time of the scoping meeting; and
            ``(5) in cooperation with all cooperating agencies, develop 
        a schedule for conducting all necessary environmental and other 
        review processes and assure early consideration of alternatives 
        to a proposed project, including alternatives that address 
        transportation demand consistent with section 134(i)(3) of 
        title 23, United States Code.
    ``(g) Use of Title 23 Funds.--
            ``(1) Use by states.--A State may use funds made available 
        under section 104(b) or 105 of title 23 or section 1102(c) of 
        the Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1998 to 
        provide resources to Federal or State agencies involved in the 
        review or permitting process for a surface transportation 
        project in order to meet a time schedule established under this 
        section.
            ``(2) Amount.--Funds may be provided under paragraph (1) in 
        the amount by which the cost to complete a environmental review 
        in accordance with a time schedule established under this 
        section exceeds the cost that would be incurred if there were 
        no such time schedule.
            ``(3) Not final agency action.--The provision of funds 
        under paragraph (1) does not constitute a final agency action.
    ``(h) State Role.--
            ``(1) In general.--For any project eligible for assistance 
        under chapter 1 of title 23, a State may require, by law or 
        agreement that has been developed with public involvement 
        coordinating with all related State agencies, that all State 
        agencies that--
                    ``(A) have jurisdiction by Federal or State law 
                over environmental, growth management, or land-use 
                related issues that may be affected by a surface 
                transportation project; or
                    ``(B) have responsibility for issuing any 
                environment related reviews, analyses, opinions, or 
                determinations;
        be subject to the coordinated environmental review process 
        provided under this section in issuing any analyses or 
        approvals or taking any other action relating to the project.
            ``(2) All agencies.--If a State requires that any State 
        agency participate in a coordinated environmental review 
        process, the State shall require all affected State agencies to 
        participate.
    ``(i) Early Action Regarding Potentially Insurmountable 
Obstacles.--If, at any time during the integrated decisionmaking 
process for a proposed surface transportation project, a cooperating 
agency determines that there is any potentially insurmountable obstacle 
associated with any of the alternative transportation projects that 
might be undertaken to address the obstacle, the Secretary shall--
            ``(1) convene a meeting among the cooperating agencies to 
        address the obstacle;
            ``(2) initiate conflict resolution efforts under subsection 
        (j); or
            ``(3) eliminate from consideration the alternative 
        transportation project with which the obstacle is associated.
    ``(j) Conflict Resolution.--
            ``(1) Forum.--The NEPA process shall be used as a forum to 
        coordinate the actions of Federal, State, regional, tribal, and 
        local agencies, the private sector, and the public to develop 
        and shape surface transportation projects.
            ``(2) Approaches.--In addition to existing formal public 
        participation opportunities, collaborative, problem solving, 
        and consensus building approaches shall be used, to the extent 
        appropriate (and, when appropriate, mediation may be used) to 
        implement the integrated decisionmaking process with a goal of 
        appropriately considering factors relating to transportation 
        development, economic prosperity, protection of public health 
        and the environment, community and neighborhood preservation, 
        and quality of life for present and future generations.
            ``(3) Unresolved issues.--
                    ``(A) Notification.--If, before the final 
                transportation NEPA document is approved--
                            ``(i) an issue remains unresolved between 
                        the lead Federal agency and the cooperating 
                        agency; and
                            ``(ii) efforts have been exhausted to 
                        resolve the issue at the field levels of each 
                        agency--
                                    ``(I) within the applicable 
                                timeframe of the interagency schedule 
                                established under subsection (f)(5); or
                                    ``(II) if no timeframe is 
                                established, within 90 days;
                the field level officer of the lead agency shall notify 
                the field level officer of the cooperating agency that 
                the field level officer of the lead agency intends to 
                bring the issue to the personal attention of the heads 
                of the agencies.
                    ``(B) Efforts by the agency heads.--The head of the 
                lead agency shall contact the head of the cooperating 
                agency and attempt to resolve the issue within 30 days 
                after notification by the field level officer of the 
                unresolved issue.
                    ``(C) Consultation with ceq.--The heads of the 
                agencies are encouraged to consult with the Chair of 
                the Council on Environmental Quality during the 30-day 
                period under subparagraph (B).
                    ``(D) Failure to resolve.--If the heads of the 
                agencies do not resolve the issue within the time 
                specified in subparagraph (B), the referral process 
                under part 1504 of title 40, Code of Federal 
                Regulations (or any successor regulation), shall be 
                initiated with respect to the issue.
    ``(k) Judicial Review.--Nothing in this section affects the 
reviewability of any final agency action in a district court of the 
United States or any State court.
    ``(l) Statutory Construction.--Nothing in this section affects--
            ``(1) the applicability of the requirements of the National 
        Environmental Policy Act of 1969 (42 U.S.C. 4321 et seq.) or 
        any other statute; or
            ``(2) the responsibility of any Federal, State, tribal, or 
        local officer to comply with or enforce any statute or 
        regulation.''.
    (b) Timetable; Report to Congress.--The Secretary, in consultation 
with the Chair of the Council on Environmental Quality and after notice 
and opportunity for public comment--
            (1) not later than 180 days after the date of enactment of 
        this Act, shall design the integrated decisionmaking process 
        required by the amendment made by subsection (a) consistent 
        with part 1501, et seq., of title 40 of the Code of Federal 
        Regulations;
            (2) not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of 
        this Act, shall promulgate a regulation governing 
        implementation of an integrated decisionmaking process in 
        accordance with the amendment made by subsection (a); and
            (3) not later than 2 years after the date of enactment of 
        this Act, shall submit to Congress a report identifying any 
        additional legislative or other solutions that would further 
        enhance the integrated decisionmaking process.
    (c) Section 112 of title 23, United States Code, is amended by 
adding at the end the following new subsection:
    ``(g) Selection Process.--It shall not be considered to be a 
conflict of interest, as defined under section 1.33 of title 23, Code 
of Federal Regulations, for a State to procure, under a single 
contract, the services of a consultant to prepare any environmental 
assessments or analyses required, including environmental impact 
statements, as well as subsequent engineering and design work on the 
same project: Provided, That the State has conducted an independent 
multi-disciplined review that assesses the objectivity of any analysis, 
environmental assessment or environmental impact statement prior to its 
submission to the agency that approves the project.
    (d) Conforming Amendment.--The analysis for subchapter III of 
chapter 3 of title 49, United States Code, is amended by adding at the 
end the following:

``354. Integrated decisionmaking process.''.

                 CHAPTER 3--ELIGIBILITY AND FLEXIBILITY

SEC. 1231. DEFINITION OF OPERATIONAL IMPROVEMENT.

    Section 101(a) of title 23, United States Code, is amended by 
striking the undesignated paragraph defining ``operational 
improvement'' and inserting the following:
    ``The term `operational improvement' means the installation, 
operation, or maintenance, in accordance with subchapter II of chapter 
5, of public infrastructure to support intelligent transportation 
systems and includes the installation or operation of any traffic 
management activity, communication system, or roadway weather 
information and prediction system, and any other improvement that the 
Secretary may designate that enhances roadway safety and mobility 
during adverse weather.''.

SEC. 1232. ELIGIBILITY OF FERRY BOATS AND FERRY TERMINAL FACILITIES.

    (a) In General.--Section 129(c) of title 23, United States Code, is 
amended by inserting ``in accordance with sections 103, 133, and 149,'' 
after ``toll or free,''.
    (b) National Highway System.--Section 103(b)(5) of title 23, United 
States Code (as amended by section 1234), is amended by adding at the 
end the following:
                    ``(R) Construction of ferry boats and ferry 
                terminal facilities, if the conditions described in 
                section 129(c) are met.''.
    (c) Surface Transportation Program.--Section 133(b) of title 23, 
United States Code, is amended by adding at the end the following:
            ``(12) Construction of ferry boats and ferry terminal 
        facilities, if the conditions described in section 129(c) are 
        met.''.
    (d) Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality Improvement Program.--
Section 149(b) of title 23, United States Code, is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (3), by striking ``or'' at the end;
            (2) in paragraph (4), by striking the period at the end and 
        inserting ``; or''; and
            (3) by inserting after paragraph (4) the following:
            ``(5) if the project or program is to construct a ferry 
        boat or ferry terminal facility and if the conditions described 
        in section 129(c) are met.''.

SEC. 1233. FLEXIBILITY OF SAFETY PROGRAMS.

    Section 133(d) of title 23, United States Code, is amended by 
striking paragraph (1) and inserting the following:
            ``(1) Safety programs.--
                    ``(A) In general.--With respect to funds 
                apportioned for each of fiscal years 1998 through 
                2003--
                            ``(i) an amount equal to 2 percent of the 
                        amount apportioned to a State under section 
                        104(b)(3) shall be available only to carry out 
                        activities eligible under section 130;
                            ``(ii) an amount equal to 2 percent of the 
                        amount apportioned to a State under section 
                        104(b)(3) shall be available only to carry out 
                        activities eligible under section 152; and
                            ``(iii) an amount equal to 6 percent of the 
                        amount apportioned to a State under section 
                        104(b)(3) shall be available only to carry out 
                        activities eligible under section 130 or 152.
                    ``(B) Transfer of funds.--If a State certifies to 
                the Secretary that any part of the amount set aside by 
                the State under subparagraph (A)(i) is in excess of the 
                needs of the State for activities under section 130 and 
                the Secretary accepts the certification, the State may 
                transfer that excess part to the set-aside of the State 
                under subparagraph (A)(ii).
                    ``(C) Transfers to other safety programs.--A State 
                may transfer funds set aside under subparagraph 
                (A)(iii) to the apportionment of the State under 
                section 402 or the allocation of the State under 
                section 31104 of title 49.''.

SEC. 1234. ELIGIBILITY OF PROJECTS ON THE NATIONAL HIGHWAY SYSTEM.

    Section 103(b) of title 23, United States Code (as amended by 
section 1701(a)), is amended by adding at the end the following:
            ``(5) Eligible projects for nhs.--Subject to approval by 
        the Secretary, funds apportioned to a State under section 
        104(b)(1)(C) for the National Highway System may be obligated 
        for any of the following:
                    ``(A) Construction, reconstruction, resurfacing, 
                restoration, and rehabilitation of segments of the 
                National Highway System.
                    ``(B) Operational improvements for segments of the 
                National Highway System.
                    ``(C) Construction of, and operational improvements 
                for, a Federal-aid highway not on the National Highway 
                System, construction of a transit project eligible for 
                assistance under chapter 53 of title 49, and capital 
                improvements to any National Railroad Passenger 
                Corporation passenger rail line or any publicly-owned 
                intercity passenger rail line, if--
                            ``(i) the highway, transit, or rail project 
                        is in the same corridor as, and in proximity 
                        to, a fully access-controlled highway 
                        designated as a part of the National Highway 
                        System;
                            ``(ii) the construction or improvements 
                        will improve the level of service on the fully 
                        access-controlled highway described in clause 
                        (i) and improve regional traffic flow; and
                            ``(iii) the construction or improvements 
                        are more cost-effective than an improvement to 
                        the fully access-controlled highway described 
                        in clause (i).
                    ``(D) Highway safety improvements for segments of 
                the National Highway System.
                    ``(E) Transportation planning in accordance with 
                sections 134 and 135.
                    ``(F) Highway research and planning in accordance 
                with chapter 5.
                    ``(G) Highway-related technology transfer 
                activities.
                    ``(H) Capital and operating costs for traffic 
                monitoring, management, and control facilities and 
                programs.
                    ``(I) Fringe and corridor parking facilities.
                    ``(J) Carpool and vanpool projects.
                    ``(K) Bicycle transportation and pedestrian 
                walkways in accordance with section 217.
                    ``(L) Development, establishment, and 
                implementation of management systems under section 303.
                    ``(M) In accordance with all applicable Federal law 
                (including regulations), participation in natural 
                habitat and wetland mitigation efforts related to 
                projects funded under this title, which may include 
                participation in natural habitat and wetland mitigation 
                banks, contributions to statewide and regional efforts 
                to conserve, restore, enhance, and create natural 
                habitats and wetland, and development of statewide and 
                regional natural habitat and wetland conservation and 
                mitigation plans, including any such banks, efforts, 
                and plans authorized under the Water Resources 
                Development Act of 1990 (Public Law 101-640) (including 
                crediting provisions). Contributions to the mitigation 
                efforts described in the preceding sentence may take 
                place concurrent with or in advance of project 
                construction, except that contributions in advance of 
                project construction may occur only if the efforts are 
                consistent with all applicable requirements of Federal 
                law (including regulations) and State transportation 
                planning processes. With respect to participation in a 
                natural habitat or wetland mitigation effort related to 
                a project funded under this title that has an impact 
                that occurs within the service area of a mitigation 
                bank, preference shall be given, to the maximum extent 
                practicable, to the use of the mitigation bank if the 
                bank contains sufficient available credits to offset 
                the impact and the bank is approved in accordance with 
                the Federal Guidance for the Establishment, Use and 
                Operation of Mitigation Banks (60 Fed. Reg. 58605 
                (November 28, 1995)) or other applicable Federal law 
                (including regulations).
                    ``(N) Publicly-owned intracity or intercity 
                passenger rail or bus terminals, including terminals of 
                the National Railroad Passenger Corporation and 
                publicly-owned intermodal surface freight transfer 
                facilities, other than seaports and airports, if the 
                terminals and facilities are located on or adjacent to 
                National Highway System routes or connections to the 
                National Highway System selected in accordance with 
                paragraph (2).
                    ``(O) Infrastructure-based intelligent 
                transportation systems capital improvements.
                    ``(P) In the Virgin Islands, Guam, American Samoa, 
                and the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, 
                any project eligible for funding under section 133, any 
                airport, and any seaport.
                    ``(Q) Publicly owned components of magnetic 
                levitation transportation systems.''.

SEC. 1235. ELIGIBILITY OF PROJECTS UNDER THE SURFACE TRANSPORTATION 
              PROGRAM.

    Section 133(b) of title 23, United States Code (as amended by 
section 1232(c)), is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (2), by striking ``and publicly owned 
        intracity or intercity bus terminals and facilities'' and 
        inserting ``, including vehicles and facilities, whether 
        publicly or privately owned, that are used to provide intercity 
        passenger service by bus or rail'';
            (2) in paragraph (3)--
                    (A) by striking ``and bicycle'' and inserting 
                ``bicycle''; and
                    (B) by inserting before the period at the end the 
                following: ``, and the modification of public sidewalks 
                to comply with the Americans with Disabilities Act of 
                1990 (42 U.S.C. 12101 et seq.)'';
            (3) in paragraph (4)--
                    (A) by inserting ``, publicly owned passenger 
                rail,'' after ``Highway'';
                    (B) by inserting ``infrastructure'' after 
                ``safety''; and
                    (C) by inserting before the period at the end the 
                following: ``, and any other noninfrastructure highway 
                safety improvements'';
            (4) in paragraph (11)--
                    (A) in the first sentence--
                            (i) by inserting ``natural habitat and'' 
                        after ``participation in'' each place it 
                        appears;
                            (ii) by striking ``enhance and create'' and 
                        inserting ``enhance, and create natural 
                        habitats and''; and
                            (iii) by inserting ``natural habitat and'' 
                        before ``wetlands conservation''; and
                    (B) by adding at the end the following: ``With 
                respect to participation in a natural habitat or 
                wetland mitigation effort related to a project funded 
                under this title that has an impact that occurs within 
                the service area of a mitigation bank, preference shall 
                be given, to the maximum extent practicable, to the use 
                of the mitigation bank if the bank contains sufficient 
                available credits to offset the impact and the bank is 
                approved in accordance with the Federal Guidance for 
                the Establishment, Use and Operation of Mitigation 
                Banks (60 Fed. Reg. 58605 (November 28, 1995)) or other 
                applicable Federal law (including regulations).''; and
            (5) in subsection (b)(9), by striking ``section 
        108(f)(1)(A) (other than clauses (xii) and (xvi)) of the Clean 
        Air Act'' and inserting ``section 108(f)(1)(A) (other than 
        clause (xvi)) of the Clean Air Act (42 U.S.C. 7408(f)(1)(A))'';
            (6) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(13) Publicly owned intercity passenger rail 
        infrastructure, including infrastructure owned by the National 
        Railroad Passenger Corporation.
            ``(14) Publicly owned passenger rail vehicles, including 
        vehicles owned by the National Railroad Passenger Corporation.
            ``(15) Infrastructure-based intelligent transportation 
        systems capital improvements.
            ``(16) Publicly owned components of magnetic levitation 
        transportation systems.
            ``(17) Environmental restoration and pollution abatement 
        projects (including the retrofit or construction of storm water 
        treatment systems) to address water pollution or environmental 
        degradation caused or contributed to by transportation 
        facilities, which projects shall be carried out when the 
        transportation facilities are undergoing reconstruction, 
        rehabilitation, resurfacing, or restoration; except that the 
        expenditure of funds under this section for any such 
        environmental restoration or pollution abatement project shall 
        not exceed 20 percent of the total cost of the reconstruction, 
        rehabilitation, resurfacing, or restoration project.''.

SEC. 1236. DESIGN FLEXIBILITY.

    Section 109 of title 23, United States Code, is amended by striking 
subsection (a) and inserting the following:
    ``(a) In General.--
            ``(1) Requirements for facilities.--The Secretary shall 
        ensure that the plans and specifications for each proposed 
        highway project under this chapter provide for a facility that 
        will--
                    ``(A) adequately serve the existing traffic of the 
                highway in a manner that is conducive to safety, 
                durability, and economy of maintenance; and
                    ``(B) be designed and constructed in accordance 
                with criteria best suited to accomplish the objectives 
                described in subparagraph (A) and to conform to the 
                particular needs of each locality.
            ``(2) Consideration of planned future traffic demands.--In 
        carrying out paragraph (1), the Secretary shall ensure the 
        consideration of the planned future traffic demands of the 
        facility.''.

                          Subtitle C--Finance

                     CHAPTER 1--GENERAL PROVISIONS

SEC. 1301. STATE INFRASTRUCTURE BANK PROGRAM.

    (a) In General.--Chapter 1 of title 23, United States Code, is 
amended by adding at the end the following:
``Sec. 162. State infrastructure bank program
    ``(a) Definitions.--In this section:
            ``(1) Other assistance.--The term `other assistance' 
        includes any use of funds in an infrastructure bank--
                    ``(A) to provide credit enhancements;
                    ``(B) to serve as a capital reserve for bond or 
                debt instrument financing;
                    ``(C) to subsidize interest rates;
                    ``(D) to ensure the issuance of letters of credit 
                and credit instruments;
                    ``(E) to finance purchase and lease agreements with 
                respect to transit projects;
                    ``(F) to provide bond or debt financing instrument 
                security; and
                    ``(G) to provide other forms of debt financing and 
                methods of leveraging funds that are approved by the 
                Secretary and that relate to the project with respect 
                to which the assistance is being provided.
            ``(2) State.--The term `State' has the meaning given the 
        term under section 401.
    ``(b) Cooperative Agreements.--
            ``(1) In general.--
                    ``(A) Purpose of agreements.--Subject to this 
                section, the Secretary may enter into cooperative 
                agreements with States for the establishment of State 
                infrastructure banks and multistate infrastructure 
                banks for making loans and providing other assistance 
                to public and private entities carrying out or 
                proposing to carry out projects eligible for assistance 
                under this section.
                    ``(B) Contents of agreements.--Each cooperative 
                agreement shall specify procedures and guidelines for 
                establishing, operating, and providing assistance from 
                the infrastructure bank.
            ``(2) Interstate compacts.--If 2 or more States enter into 
        a cooperative agreement under paragraph (1) with the Secretary 
        for the establishment of a multistate infrastructure bank, 
        Congress grants consent to those States to enter into an 
        interstate compact establishing the bank in accordance with 
        this section.
    ``(c) Funding.--
            ``(1) Contribution.--Notwithstanding any other provision of 
        law, the Secretary may allow, subject to subsection (h)(1), a 
        State that enters into a cooperative agreement under this 
        section to contribute to the infrastructure bank established by 
        the State not to exceed--
                    ``(A)(i) the total amount of funds apportioned to 
                the State under each of paragraphs (1) and (3) of 
                section 104(b), excluding funds set aside under 
                paragraphs (1) and (2) of section 133(d); and
                    ``(ii) the total amount of funds allocated to the 
                State under section 105 and under section 1102 of the 
                Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 
                1998;
                    ``(B) the total amount of funds made available to 
                the State or other Federal transit grant recipient for 
                capital projects (as defined in section 5302 of title 
                49) under sections 5307, 5309, and 5311 of title 49; 
                and
                    ``(C) the total amount of funds made available to 
                the State under subtitle V of title 49.
            ``(2) Capitalization grant.--For the purposes of this 
        section, Federal funds contributed to the infrastructure bank 
        under this subsection shall constitute a capitalization grant 
        for the infrastructure bank.
            ``(3) Special rule for urbanized areas of over 200,000.--
        Funds that are apportioned or allocated to a State under 
        section 104(b)(3) and attributed to urbanized areas of a State 
        with a population of over 200,000 individuals under section 
        133(d)(2) may be used to provide assistance from an 
        infrastructure bank under this section with respect to a 
        project only if the metropolitan planning organization 
        designated for the area concurs, in writing, with the provision 
        of the assistance.
    ``(d) Forms of Assistance From Infrastructure Banks.--
            ``(1) In general.--An infrastructure bank established under 
        this section may make loans or provide other assistance to a 
        public or private entity in an amount equal to all or part of 
        the cost of carrying out a project eligible for assistance 
        under this section.
            ``(2) Subordination of loans.--The amount of any loan or 
        other assistance provided for the project may be subordinated 
        to any other debt financing for the project.
            ``(3) Initial assistance.--Initial assistance provided with 
        respect to a project from Federal funds contributed to an 
        infrastructure bank under this section shall not be made in the 
        form of a grant.
    ``(e) Qualifying Projects.--
            ``(1) In general.--Subject to paragraph (2), funds in an 
        infrastructure bank established under this section may be used 
        only to provide assistance with respect to projects eligible 
        for assistance under this title, for capital projects (as 
        defined in section 5302 of title 49), or for any other project 
        related to surface transportation that the Secretary determines 
        to be appropriate.
            ``(2) Interstate funds.--Funds contributed to an 
        infrastructure bank from funds apportioned to a State under 
        subparagraph (A) or (B) of section 104(b)(1) may be used only 
        to provide assistance with respect to projects eligible for 
        assistance under those subparagraphs.
            ``(3) Rail program funds.--Funds contributed to an 
        infrastructure bank from funds made available to a State under 
        subtitle V of title 49 shall be used in a manner consistent 
        with any project description specified under the law making the 
        funds available to the State.
    ``(f) Infrastructure Bank Requirements.--
            ``(1) In general.--Subject to paragraph (2), in order to 
        establish an infrastructure bank under this section, each State 
        establishing such a bank shall--
                    ``(A) contribute, at a minimum, to the bank from 
                non-Federal sources an amount equal to 25 percent of 
                the amount of each capitalization grant made to the 
                State and contributed to the bank under subsection (c), 
                except that if the State has a higher Federal share 
                payable under section 120(b) of title 23, United States 
                Code, the State shall be required to contribute only an 
                amount commensurate with the higher Federal share;
                    ``(B) ensure that the bank maintains on a 
                continuing basis an investment grade rating on its debt 
                issuances and its ability to pay claims under credit 
                enhancement programs of the bank;
                    ``(C) ensure that investment income generated by 
                funds contributed to the bank will be--
                            ``(i) credited to the bank;
                            ``(ii) available for use in providing loans 
                        and other assistance to projects eligible for 
                        assistance from the bank; and
                            ``(iii) invested in United States Treasury 
                        securities, bank deposits, or such other 
                        financing instruments as the Secretary may 
                        approve to earn interest to enhance the 
                        leveraging of projects assisted by the bank;
                    ``(D) ensure that any loan from the bank will bear 
                interest at or below market rates, as determined by the 
                State, to make the project that is the subject of the 
                loan feasible;
                    ``(E) ensure that repayment of the loan from the 
                bank will commence not later than 5 years after the 
                project has been completed or, in the case of a highway 
                project, the facility has opened to traffic, whichever 
                is later;
                    ``(F) ensure that the term for repaying any loan 
                will not exceed the lesser of--
                            ``(i) 35 years after the date of the first 
                        payment on the loan under subparagraph (E); or
                            ``(ii) the useful life of the investment; 
                        and
                    ``(G) require the bank to make a biennial report to 
                the Secretary and to make such other reports as the 
                Secretary may require in guidelines.
            ``(2) Waivers by the secretary.--The Secretary may waive a 
        requirement of any of subparagraphs (C) through (G) of 
        paragraph (1) with respect to an infrastructure bank if the 
        Secretary determines that the waiver is consistent with the 
        objectives of this section.
    ``(g) Limitation on Repayments.--Notwithstanding any other 
provision of law, the repayment of a loan or other assistance provided 
from an infrastructure bank under this section may not be credited 
toward the non-Federal share of the cost of any project.
    ``(h) Secretarial Requirements.--In administering this section, the 
Secretary shall--
            ``(1) ensure that Federal disbursements shall be at an 
        annual rate of not more than 20 percent of the amount 
        designated by the State for State infrastructure bank 
        capitalization under subsection (c)(1), except that the 
        Secretary may disburse funds to a State in an amount needed to 
        finance a specific project; and
            ``(2) revise cooperative agreements entered into with 
        States under section 350 of the National Highway System 
        Designation Act of 1995 (Public Law 104-59) to comply with this 
        section.
    ``(i) Applicability of Federal Law.--
            ``(1) In general.--The requirements of this title or title 
        49 that would otherwise apply to funds made available under 
        that title and projects assisted with those funds shall apply 
        to--
                    ``(A) funds made available under that title and 
                contributed to an infrastructure bank established under 
                this section, including the non-Federal contribution 
                required under section (f); and
                    ``(B) projects assisted by the bank through the use 
                of the funds;
        except to the extent that the Secretary determines that any 
        requirement of that title (other than sections 113 and 114 of 
        this title and section 5333 of title 49) is not consistent with 
        the objectives of this section.
            ``(2) Repayments.--The requirements of this title or title 
        49 shall not apply to repayments from non-Federal sources to an 
        infrastructure bank from projects assisted by the bank. Such a 
        repayment shall not be considered to be Federal funds.
    ``(j) United States Not Obligated.--
            ``(1) In general.--The contribution of Federal funds to an 
        infrastructure bank established under this section shall not be 
        construed as a commitment, guarantee, or obligation on the part 
        of the United States to any third party. No third party shall 
        have any right against the United States for payment solely by 
        virtue of the contribution.
            ``(2) Statement.--Any security or debt financing instrument 
        issued by the infrastructure bank shall expressly state that 
        the security or instrument does not constitute a commitment, 
        guarantee, or obligation of the United States.
    ``(k) Management of Federal Funds.--Sections 3335 and 6503 of title 
31, United States Code, shall not apply to funds contributed under this 
section.
    ``(l) Program Administration.--
            ``(1) In general.--A State may expend not to exceed 2 
        percent of the Federal funds contributed to an infrastructure 
        bank established by the State under this section to pay the 
        reasonable costs of administering the bank.
            ``(2) Non-federal funds.--The limitation described in 
        paragraph (1) shall not apply to non-Federal funds.''.
    (b) Conforming Amendment.--The analysis for chapter 1 of title 23, 
United States Code, is amended by adding at the end the following:

``162. State infrastructure bank program.''.

    CHAPTER 2--TRANSPORTATION INFRASTRUCTURE FINANCE AND INNOVATION

SEC. 1311. SHORT TITLE.

    This chapter may be cited as the ``Transportation Infrastructure 
Finance and Innovation Act of 1998''.

SEC. 1312. FINDINGS.

    Congress finds that--
            (1) a well-developed system of transportation 
        infrastructure is critical to the economic well-being, health, 
        and welfare of the people of the United States;
            (2) traditional public funding techniques such as grant 
        programs are unable to keep pace with the infrastructure 
        investment needs of the United States because of budgetary 
        constraints at the Federal, State, and local levels of 
        government;
            (3) major transportation infrastructure facilities that 
        address critical national needs, such as intermodal facilities, 
        border crossings, and multistate trade corridors, are of a 
        scale that exceeds the capacity of Federal and State assistance 
        programs in effect on the date of enactment of this Act;
            (4) new investment capital can be attracted to 
        infrastructure projects that are capable of generating their 
        own revenue streams through user charges or other dedicated 
        funding sources; and
            (5) a Federal credit program for projects of national 
        significance can complement existing funding resources by 
        filling market gaps, thereby leveraging substantial private co-
        investment.

SEC. 1313. ESTABLISHMENT OF PROGRAM.

    (a) In General.--Chapter 1 of title 23, United States Code, is 
amended by adding at the end the following:

                ``SUBCHAPTER II--INFRASTRUCTURE FINANCE

``Sec. 181. Definitions
    ``In this subchapter:
            ``(1) Eligible project costs.--The term `eligible project 
        costs' means amounts substantially all of which are paid by, or 
        for the account of, an obligor in connection with a project, 
        including the cost of--
                    ``(A) development phase activities, including 
                planning, feasibility analysis, revenue forecasting, 
                environmental review, permitting, preliminary 
                engineering and design work, and other preconstruction 
                activities;
                    ``(B) construction, reconstruction, rehabilitation, 
                replacement, and acquisition of real property 
                (including land related to the project and improvements 
                to land), environmental mitigation, construction 
                contingencies, and acquisition of equipment; and
                    ``(C) capitalized interest necessary to meet market 
                requirements, reasonably required reserve funds, 
                capital issuance expenses, and other carrying costs 
                during construction.
            ``(2) Federal credit instrument.--The term `Federal credit 
        instrument' means a secured loan, loan guarantee, or line of 
        credit authorized to be made available under this subchapter 
        with respect to a project.
            ``(3) Lender.--The term `lender' means any non-Federal 
        qualified institutional buyer (as defined in section 
        230.144A(a) of title 17, Code of Federal Regulations (or any 
        successor regulation), known as Rule 144A(a) of the Securities 
        and Exchange Commission and issued under the Securities Act of 
        1933 (15 U.S.C. 77a et seq.)), including--
                    ``(A) a qualified retirement plan (as defined in 
                section 4974(c) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986) 
                that is a qualified institutional buyer; and
                    ``(B) a governmental plan (as defined in section 
                414(d) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986) that is a 
                qualified institutional buyer.
            ``(4) Line of credit.--The term `line of credit' means an 
        agreement entered into by the Secretary with an obligor under 
        section 184 to provide a direct loan at a future date upon the 
        occurrence of certain events.
            ``(5) Loan guarantee.--The term `loan guarantee' means any 
        guarantee or other pledge by the Secretary to pay all or part 
        of the principal of and interest on a loan or other debt 
        obligation issued by an obligor and funded by a lender.
            ``(6) Local servicer.--The term `local servicer' means--
                    ``(A) a State infrastructure bank established under 
                this title; or
                    ``(B) a State or local government or any agency of 
                a State or local government that is responsible for 
                servicing a Federal credit instrument on behalf of the 
                Secretary.
            ``(7) Obligor.--The term `obligor' means a party primarily 
        liable for payment of the principal of or interest on a Federal 
        credit instrument, which party may be a corporation, 
        partnership, joint venture, trust, or governmental entity, 
        agency, or instrumentality.
            ``(8) Project.--The term `project' means--
                    ``(A) any surface transportation project eligible 
                for Federal assistance under this title or chapter 53 
                of title 49; and
                    ``(B) a project for an international bridge or 
                tunnel for which an international entity authorized 
                under State or Federal law is responsible.
            ``(9) Project obligation.--The term `project obligation' 
        means any note, bond, debenture, or other debt obligation 
        issued by an obligor in connection with the financing of a 
        project, other than a Federal credit instrument.
            ``(10) Secured loan.--The term `secured loan' means a 
        direct loan or other debt obligation issued by an obligor and 
        funded by the Secretary in connection with the financing of a 
        project under section 183.
            ``(11) State.--The term `State' has the meaning given the 
        term in section 101.
            ``(12) Substantial completion.--The term `substantial 
        completion' means the opening of a project to vehicular or 
        passenger traffic.
``Sec. 182. Determination of eligibility and project selection
    ``(a) Eligibility.--To be eligible to receive financial assistance 
under this subchapter, a project shall meet the following criteria:
            ``(1) Inclusion in transportation plans and programs.--The 
        project--
                    ``(A) shall be included in the State transportation 
                plan required under section 135; and
                    ``(B) at such time as an agreement to make 
                available a Federal credit instrument is entered into 
                under this subchapter, shall be included in the 
                approved State transportation improvement program 
                required under section 134.
            ``(2) Application.--A State, a local servicer identified 
        under section 185(a), or the entity undertaking the project 
        shall submit a project application to the Secretary.
            ``(3) Eligible project costs.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Except as provided in 
                subparagraph (B), to be eligible for assistance under 
                this subchapter, a project shall have eligible project 
                costs that are reasonably anticipated to equal or 
                exceed the lesser of--
                            ``(i) $100,000,000; or
                            ``(ii) 50 percent of the amount of Federal 
                        highway assistance funds apportioned for the 
                        most recently-completed fiscal year to the 
                        State in which the project is located.
                    ``(B) Intelligent transportation system projects.--
                In the case of a project principally involving the 
                installation of an intelligent transportation system, 
                eligible project costs shall be reasonably anticipated 
                to equal or exceed $30,000,000.
            ``(4) Dedicated revenue sources.--Project financing shall 
        be repayable, in whole or in part, from tolls, user fees, or 
        other dedicated revenue sources.
            ``(5) Public sponsorship of private entities.--In the case 
        of a project that is undertaken by an entity that is not a 
        State or local government or an agency or instrumentality of a 
        State or local government, the project that the entity is 
        undertaking shall be publicly sponsored as provided in 
        paragraphs (1) and (2).
    ``(b) Selection Among Eligible Projects.--
            ``(1) Establishment.--The Secretary shall establish 
        criteria for selecting among projects that meet the eligibility 
        criteria specified in subsection (a).
            ``(2) Selection criteria.--The selection criteria shall 
        include the following:
                    ``(A) The extent to which the project is nationally 
                or regionally significant, in terms of generating 
                economic benefits, supporting international commerce, 
                or otherwise enhancing the national transportation 
                system.
                    ``(B) The creditworthiness of the project, 
                including a determination by the Secretary that any 
                financing for the project has appropriate security 
                features, such as a rate covenant, to ensure repayment. 
                The Secretary shall require each project applicant to 
                provide a preliminary rating opinion letter from a 
                nationally recognized bond rating agency.
                    ``(C) The extent to which assistance under this 
                subchapter would foster innovative public-private 
                partnerships and attract private debt or equity 
                investment.
                    ``(D) The likelihood that assistance under this 
                subchapter would enable the project to proceed at an 
                earlier date than the project would otherwise be able 
                to proceed.
                    ``(E) The extent to which the project uses new 
                technologies, including intelligent transportation 
                systems, that enhance the efficiency of the project.
                    ``(F) The amount of budget authority required to 
                fund the Federal credit instrument made available under 
                this subchapter.
                    ``(G) The extent to which the project helps 
                maintain or protect the environment.
                    ``(H) The extent to which assistance under this 
                chapter would reduce the contribution of Federal grant 
                assistance to the project.
    ``(c) Federal Requirements.--The following provisions of law shall 
apply to funds made available under this subchapter and projects 
assisted with the funds:
            ``(1) Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 (42 U.S.C. 
        2000d et seq.).
            ``(2) The National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 (42 
        U.S.C. 4321 et seq.).
            ``(3) The Uniform Relocation Assistance and Real Property 
        Acquisition Policies Act of 1970 (42 U.S.C. 4601 et seq.).
``Sec. 183. Secured loans
    ``(a) In General.--
            ``(1) Agreements.--Subject to paragraph (2), the Secretary 
        may enter into agreements with 1 or more obligors to make 
        secured loans, the proceeds of which shall be used--
                    ``(A) to finance eligible project costs; or
                    ``(B) to refinance interim construction financing 
                of eligible project costs;
        of any project selected under section 182.
            ``(2) Limitation on refinancing of interim construction 
        financing.--A loan under paragraph (1) shall not refinance 
        interim construction financing under paragraph (1)(B) later 
        than 1 year after the date of substantial completion of the 
        project.
    ``(b) Terms and Limitations.--
            ``(1) In general.--A secured loan under this section with 
        respect to a project shall be on such terms and conditions and 
        contain such covenants, representations, warranties, and 
        requirements (including requirements for audits) as the 
        Secretary determines appropriate.
            ``(2) Maximum amount.--The amount of the secured loan shall 
        not exceed 33 percent of the reasonably anticipated eligible 
        project costs.
            ``(3) Payment.--The secured loan--
                    ``(A) shall--
                            ``(i) be payable, in whole or in part, from 
                        tolls, user fees, or other dedicated revenue 
                        sources; and
                            ``(ii) include a rate covenant, coverage 
                        requirement, or similar security feature 
                        supporting the project obligations; and
                    ``(B) may have a lien on revenues described in 
                subparagraph (A) subject to any lien securing project 
                obligations.
            ``(4) Interest rate.--The interest rate on the secured loan 
        shall be not less than the yield on marketable United States 
        Treasury securities of a similar maturity to the maturity of 
        the secured loan on the date of execution of the loan 
        agreement.
            ``(5) Maturity date.--The final maturity date of the 
        secured loan shall be not later than 35 years after the date of 
        substantial completion of the project.
            ``(6) Nonsubordination.--The secured loan shall not be 
        subordinated to the claims of any holder of project obligations 
        in the event of bankruptcy, insolvency, or liquidation of the 
        obligor.
            ``(7) Fees.--The Secretary may establish fees at a level 
        sufficient to cover all or a portion of the costs to the 
        Federal Government of making a secured loan under this section.
            ``(8) Non-federal share.--The proceeds of a secured loan 
        under this subchapter may be used for any non-Federal share of 
        project costs required under this title or chapter 53 of title 
        49, if the loan is repayable from non-Federal funds.
    ``(c) Repayment.--
            ``(1) Schedule.--The Secretary shall establish a repayment 
        schedule for each secured loan under this section based on the 
        projected cash flow from project revenues and other repayment 
        sources.
            ``(2) Commencement.--Scheduled loan repayments of principal 
        or interest on a secured loan under this section shall commence 
        not later than 5 years after the date of substantial completion 
        of the project.
            ``(3) Sources of repayment funds.--The sources of funds for 
        scheduled loan repayments under this section shall include 
        tolls, user fees, or other dedicated revenue sources.
            ``(4) Deferred payments.--
                    ``(A) Authorization.--If, at any time during the 10 
                years after the date of substantial completion of the 
                project, the project is unable to generate sufficient 
                revenues to pay scheduled principal and interest on the 
                secured loan, the Secretary may, pursuant to 
                established criteria for the project agreed to by the 
                entity undertaking the project and the Secretary, allow 
                the obligor to add unpaid principal and interest to the 
                outstanding balance of the secured loan.
                    ``(B) Interest.--Any payment deferred under 
                subparagraph (A) shall--
                            ``(i) continue to accrue interest in 
                        accordance with subsection (b)(4) until fully 
                        repaid; and
                            ``(ii) be scheduled to be amortized over 
                        the remaining term of the loan beginning not 
                        later than 10 years after the date of 
                        substantial completion of the project in 
                        accordance with paragraph (1).
            ``(5) Prepayment.--
                    ``(A) Use of excess revenues.--Any excess revenues 
                that remain after satisfying scheduled debt service 
                requirements on the project obligations and secured 
                loan and all deposit requirements under the terms of 
                any trust agreement, bond resolution, or similar 
                agreement securing project obligations may be applied 
                annually to prepay the secured loan without penalty.
                    ``(B) Use of proceeds of refinancing.--The secured 
                loan may be prepaid at any time without penalty from 
                the proceeds of refinancing from non-Federal funding 
                sources.
    ``(d) Sale of Secured Loans.--
            ``(1) In general.--Subject to paragraph (2), as soon as 
        practicable after substantial completion of a project and after 
        notifying the obligor, the Secretary may sell to another entity 
        or reoffer into the capital markets a secured loan for the 
        project if the Secretary determines that the sale or reoffering 
        can be made on favorable terms.
            ``(2) Consent of obligor.--In making a sale or reoffering 
        under paragraph (1), the Secretary may not change the original 
        terms and conditions of the secured loan without the written 
        consent of the obligor.
    ``(e) Loan Guarantees.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary may provide a loan 
        guarantee to a lender in lieu of making a secured loan if the 
        Secretary determines that the budgetary cost of the loan 
        guarantee is substantially the same as that of a secured loan.
            ``(2) Terms.--The terms of a guaranteed loan shall be 
        consistent with the terms set forth in this section for a 
        secured loan, except that the rate on the guaranteed loan and 
        any prepayment features shall be negotiated between the obligor 
        and the lender, with the consent of the Secretary.
``Sec. 184. Lines of credit
    ``(a) In General.--
            ``(1) Agreements.--The Secretary may enter into agreements 
        to make available lines of credit to 1 or more obligors in the 
        form of direct loans to be made by the Secretary at future 
        dates on the occurrence of certain events for any project 
        selected under section 182.
            ``(2) Use of proceeds.--The proceeds of a line of credit 
        made available under this section shall be available to pay 
        debt service on project obligations issued to finance eligible 
        project costs, extraordinary repair and replacement costs, 
        operation and maintenance expenses, and costs associated with 
        unexpected Federal or State environmental restrictions.
    ``(b) Terms and Limitations.--
            ``(1) In general.--A line of credit under this section with 
        respect to a project shall be on such terms and conditions and 
        contain such covenants, representations, warranties, and 
        requirements (including requirements for audits) as the 
        Secretary determines appropriate.
            ``(2) Maximum amounts.--
                    ``(A) Total amount.--The total amount of the line 
                of credit shall not exceed 33 percent of the reasonably 
                anticipated eligible project costs.
                    ``(B) One-year draws.--The amount drawn in any 1 
                year shall not exceed 20 percent of the total amount of 
                the line of credit.
            ``(3) Draws.--Any draw on the line of credit shall 
        represent a direct loan and shall be made only if net revenues 
        from the project (including capitalized interest, any debt 
        service reserve fund, and any other available reserve) are 
        insufficient to pay the costs specified in subsection (a)(2).
            ``(4) Interest rate.--The interest rate on a direct loan 
        resulting from a draw on the line of credit shall be not less 
        than the yield on 30-year marketable United States Treasury 
        securities as of the date on which the line of credit is 
        obligated.
            ``(5) Security.--The line of credit--
                    ``(A) shall--
                            ``(i) be payable, in whole or in part, from 
                        tolls, user fees, or other dedicated revenue 
                        sources; and
                            ``(ii) include a rate covenant, coverage 
                        requirement, or similar security feature 
                        supporting the project obligations; and
                    ``(B) may have a lien on revenues described in 
                subparagraph (A) subject to any lien securing project 
                obligations.
            ``(6) Period of availability.--The line of credit shall be 
        available during the period beginning on the date of 
        substantial completion of the project and ending not later than 
        10 years after that date.
            ``(7) Rights of third party creditors.--
                    ``(A) Against federal government.--A third party 
                creditor of the obligor shall not have any right 
                against the Federal Government with respect to any draw 
                on the line of credit.
                    ``(B) Assignment.--An obligor may assign the line 
                of credit to 1 or more lenders or to a trustee on the 
                lenders' behalf.
            ``(8) Nonsubordination.--A direct loan under this section 
        shall not be subordinated to the claims of any holder of 
        project obligations in the event of bankruptcy, insolvency, or 
        liquidation of the obligor.
            ``(9) Fees.--The Secretary may establish fees at a level 
        sufficient to cover all or a portion of the costs to the 
        Federal Government of providing a line of credit under this 
        section.
            ``(10) Relationship to other credit instruments.--A project 
        that receives a line of credit under this section shall not 
        also receive a secured loan or loan guarantee under section 183 
        of an amount that, combined with the amount of the line of 
        credit, exceeds 33 percent of eligible project costs.
    ``(c) Repayment.--
            ``(1) Terms and conditions.--The Secretary shall establish 
        repayment terms and conditions for each direct loan under this 
        section based on the projected cash flow from project revenues 
        and other repayment sources.
            ``(2) Timing.--All scheduled repayments of principal or 
        interest on a direct loan under this section shall commence not 
        later than 5 years after the end of the period of availability 
        specified in subsection (b)(6) and be fully repaid, with 
        interest, by the date that is 25 years after the end of the 
        period of availability specified in subsection (b)(6).
            ``(3) Sources of repayment funds.--The sources of funds for 
        scheduled loan repayments under this section shall include 
        tolls, user fees, or other dedicated revenue sources.
``Sec. 185. Project servicing
    ``(a) Requirement.--The State in which a project that receives 
financial assistance under this subchapter is located may identify a 
local servicer to assist the Secretary in servicing the Federal credit 
instrument made available under this subchapter.
    ``(b) Agency; Fees.--If a State identifies a local servicer under 
subsection (a), the local servicer--
            ``(1) shall act as the agent for the Secretary; and
            ``(2) may receive a servicing fee, subject to approval by 
        the Secretary.
    ``(c) Liability.--A local servicer identified under subsection (a) 
shall not be liable for the obligations of the obligor to the Secretary 
or any lender.
    ``(d) Assistance From Expert Firms.--The Secretary may retain the 
services of expert firms in the field of municipal and project finance 
to assist in the underwriting and servicing of Federal credit 
instruments.
``Sec. 186. State and local permits
    ``The provision of financial assistance under this subchapter with 
respect to a project shall not--
            ``(1) relieve any recipient of the assistance of any 
        obligation to obtain any required State or local permit or 
        approval with respect to the project;
            ``(2) limit the right of any unit of State or local 
        government to approve or regulate any rate of return on private 
        equity invested in the project; or
            ``(3) otherwise supersede any State or local law (including 
        any regulation) applicable to the construction or operation of 
        the project.
``Sec. 187. Regulations
    ``The Secretary may issue such regulations as the Secretary 
determines appropriate to carry out this subchapter.
``Sec. 188. Funding
    ``(a) Authorization of Contract Authority.--
            ``(1) In general.--There shall be available from the 
        Highway Trust Fund (other than the Mass Transit Account) to 
        carry out this subchapter--
                    ``(A) $60,000,000 for fiscal year 1998;
                    ``(B) $60,000,000 for fiscal year 1999;
                    ``(C) $90,000,000 for fiscal year 2000;
                    ``(D) $90,000,000 for fiscal year 2001;
                    ``(E) $115,000,000 for fiscal year 2002; and
                    ``(F) $115,000,000 for fiscal year 2003.
            ``(2) Administrative costs.--From funds made available 
        under paragraph (1), the Secretary may use, for the 
        administration of this subchapter, not more than $2,000,000 for 
        each of fiscal years 1998 through 2003.
            ``(3) Availability.--Amounts made available under paragraph 
        (1) shall remain available until expended.
    ``(b) Contract Authority.--
            ``(1) In general.--Notwithstanding any other provision of 
        law, approval by the Secretary of a Federal credit instrument 
        that uses funds made available under this subchapter shall be 
        deemed to be acceptance by the United States of a contractual 
        obligation to fund the Federal credit instrument.
            ``(2) Availability.--Amounts authorized under this section 
        for a fiscal year shall be available for obligation on October 
        1 of the fiscal year.
    ``(c) Limitations on Credit Amounts.--For each of fiscal years 1998 
through 2003, principal amounts of Federal credit instruments made 
available under this subchapter shall be limited to the amounts 
specified in the following table:

  
                                                         Maximum amount
``Fiscal year:
                                                             of credit:
  1998...............................................   $1,200,000,000 
  1999...............................................   $1,200,000,000 
  2000...............................................   $1,800,000,000 
  2001...............................................   $1,800,000,000 
  2002...............................................   $2,300,000,000 
  2003...............................................   $2,300,000,000.
``Sec. 189. Imposition of annual fee on recipients
    ``(a) In General.--There is hereby imposed on any recipient of a 
Federal credit instrument an annual fee equal to the applicable 
percentage of the average outstanding Federal credit instrument amount 
made available to the recipient during the year under this subchapter.
    ``(b) Time of Imposition.--The fee described in subsection (a) 
shall be imposed on the annual anniversary date of the receipt of the 
Federal credit instrument.
    ``(c) Applicable Percentage.--For the purposes of subsection (a), 
the applicable percentage is, with respect to an annual anniversary 
date occurring in--
            ``(1) any of fiscal years 1999 through 2003, 1.9095 
        percent; and
            ``(2) any fiscal year after 2003, 0.5144 percent.
    ``(d) Termination.--The fee imposed by this section shall not apply 
with respect to annual anniversary dates occurring after September 30, 
2008.
    ``(e) Deposit of Receipts.--The fees collected by the Secretary 
under this section shall be deposited in the general fund of the 
Treasury of the United States as miscellaneous receipts.
``Sec. 190. Report to Congress
    ``Not later than 4 years after the date of enactment of this 
subchapter, the Secretary shall submit to Congress a report summarizing 
the financial performance of the projects that are receiving, or have 
received, assistance under this subchapter, including a recommendation 
as to whether the objectives of this subchapter are best served--
            ``(1) by continuing the program under the authority of the 
        Secretary;
            ``(2) by establishing a Government corporation or 
        Government-sponsored enterprise to administer the program; or
            ``(3) by phasing out the program and relying on the capital 
        markets to fund the types of infrastructure investments 
        assisted by this subchapter without Federal participation.''.
    (b) Conforming Amendments.--Chapter 1 of title 23, United States 
Code, is amended--
            (1) in the analysis--
                    (A) by inserting before ``Sec.'' the following:

                 ``SUBCHAPTER I--GENERAL PROVISIONS'';

                and
                    (B) by adding at the end the following:

                ``SUBCHAPTER II--INFRASTRUCTURE FINANCE

``181. Definitions.
``182. Determination of eligibility and project selection.
``183. Secured loans.
``184. Lines of credit.
``185. Project servicing.
``186. State and local permits.
``187. Regulations.
``188. Funding.
``189. Imposition of annual fee on recipients.
``190. Report to Congress.'';
                and
            (2) by inserting before section 101 the following:

                 ``SUBCHAPTER I--GENERAL PROVISIONS''.

SEC. 1314. OFFICE OF INFRASTRUCTURE FINANCE.

    (a) Duties of the Secretary.--Section 301 of title 49, United 
States Code, is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (7), by striking ``and'' at the end;
            (2) in paragraph (8), by striking the period at the end and 
        inserting ``; and''; and
            (3) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(9) develop and coordinate Federal policy on financing 
        transportation infrastructure, including the provision of 
        direct Federal credit assistance and other techniques used to 
        leverage Federal transportation funds.''.
    (b) Office of Infrastructure Finance.--
            (1) In general.--Chapter 1 of title 49, United States Code, 
        is amended by adding at the end the following:
``Sec. 113. Office of Infrastructure Finance
    ``(a) Establishment.--The Secretary of Transportation shall 
establish within the Office of the Secretary an Office of 
Infrastructure Finance.
    ``(b) Director.--The Office shall be headed by a Director who shall 
be appointed by the Secretary not later than 180 days after the date of 
enactment of this section.
    ``(c) Functions.--The Director shall be responsible for--
            ``(1) carrying out the responsibilities of the Secretary 
        described in section 301(9);
            ``(2) carrying out research on financing transportation 
        infrastructure, including educational programs and other 
        initiatives to support Federal, State, and local government 
        efforts; and
            ``(3) providing technical assistance to Federal, State, and 
        local government agencies and officials to facilitate the 
        development and use of alternative techniques for financing 
        transportation infrastructure.''.
            (2) Conforming amendment.--The analysis for chapter 1 of 
        title 49, United States Code, is amended by adding at the end 
        the following:

``113. Office of Infrastructure Finance.''.

                           Subtitle D--Safety

SEC. 1401. OPERATION LIFESAVER.

    Section 104 of title 23, United States Code (as amended by section 
1102(a)), is amended--
            (1) in the matter preceding paragraph (1) of subsection 
        (b), by striking ``subsection (f)'' and inserting ``subsections 
        (d) and (f)''; and
            (2) in subsection (d), by striking paragraph (1) and 
        inserting the following:
            ``(1) Operation lifesaver.--Before making an apportionment 
        of funds under subsection (b)(3) for a fiscal year, the 
        Secretary shall set aside $500,000 of the funds made available 
        for the surface transportation program for the fiscal year to 
        carry out a public information and education program to help 
        prevent and reduce motor vehicle accidents, injuries, and 
        fatalities and to improve driver performance at railway-highway 
        crossings.''.

SEC. 1402. RAILWAY-HIGHWAY CROSSING HAZARD ELIMINATION IN HIGH SPEED 
              RAIL CORRIDORS.

    Section 104(d) of title 23, United States Code, is amended by 
striking paragraphs (2) and (3) and inserting the following:
            ``(2) Railway-highway crossing hazard elimination in high 
        speed rail corridors.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Before making an apportionment 
                of funds under subsection (b)(3) for a fiscal year, the 
                Secretary shall set aside $5,000,000 of the funds made 
                available for the surface transportation program for 
                the fiscal year for elimination of hazards of railway-
                highway crossings.
                    ``(B) Eligible corridors.--Funds made available 
                under subparagraph (A) shall be expended for projects 
                in--
                            ``(i) 5 railway corridors selected by the 
                        Secretary in accordance with this subsection 
                        (as in effect on the day before the date of 
                        enactment of this clause);
                            ``(ii) 3 railway corridors selected by the 
                        Secretary in accordance with subparagraphs (C) 
                        and (D); and
                            ``(iii) a Gulf Coast high speed railway 
                        corridor (as designated by the Secretary).
                    ``(C) Required inclusion of high speed rail 
                lines.--A corridor selected by the Secretary under 
                subparagraph (B) shall include rail lines where 
                railroad speeds of 90 miles or more per hour are 
                occurring or can reasonably be expected to occur in the 
                future.
                    ``(D) Considerations in corridor selection.--In 
                selecting corridors under subparagraph (B), the 
                Secretary shall consider--
                            ``(i) projected rail ridership volume in 
                        each corridor;
                            ``(ii) the percentage of each corridor over 
                        which a train will be capable of operating at 
                        its maximum cruise speed taking into account 
                        such factors as topography and other traffic on 
                        the line;
                            ``(iii) projected benefits to nonriders 
                        such as congestion relief on other modes of 
                        transportation serving each corridor (including 
                        congestion in heavily traveled air passenger 
                        corridors);
                            ``(iv) the amount of State and local 
                        financial support that can reasonably be 
                        anticipated for the improvement of the line and 
                        related facilities; and
                            ``(v) the cooperation of the owner of the 
                        right-of-way that can reasonably be expected in 
                        the operation of high speed rail passenger 
                        service in each corridor.
                    ``(E)(i) Authorization of appropriations.--There is 
                authorized to be appropriated $15,000,000 in each of 
                fiscal years 1998 through 2003 to carry out this 
                subsection.
                    ``(ii) Availability.--Notwithstanding section 
                118(a), funds made available under clause (i) shall not 
                be available in advance of an annual appropriation.''.

SEC. 1403. RAILWAY-HIGHWAY CROSSINGS.

    Section 130 of title 23, United States Code, is amended--
            (1) in the first sentence of subsection (a)--
                    (A) by striking ``structures, and'' and inserting 
                ``structures,''; and
                    (B) by inserting after ``grade crossings,'' the 
                following: ``trespassing countermeasures in the 
                immediate vicinity of a public railway-highway grade 
                crossing, railway-highway crossing safety education, 
                enforcement of traffic laws relating to railway-highway 
                crossing safety, and projects at privately owned 
                railway-highway crossings if each such project is 
                publicly sponsored and the Secretary determines that 
                the project would serve a public benefit,'';
            (2) in subsection (d), by adding at the end the following: 
        ``In a manner established by the Secretary, each State shall 
        submit a report that describes completed railway-highway 
        crossing projects funded under this section to the Department 
        of Transportation for inclusion in the National Grade Crossing 
        Inventory prepared by the Department of Transportation and the 
        Association of American Railroads.''; and
            (3) by striking subsection (e).

SEC. 1404. HAZARD ELIMINATION PROGRAM.

    (a) In General.--Section 152 of title 23, United States Code, is 
amended--
            (1) in subsection (a)--
                    (A) by striking ``(a) Each'' and inserting the 
                following:
    ``(a) In General.--
            ``(1) Program.--Each'';
                    (B) by inserting ``, bicyclists,'' after 
                ``motorists''; and
                    (C) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(2) Hazards.--In carrying out paragraph (1), a State may, 
        at its discretion--
                    ``(A) identify through a survey hazards to 
                motorists, bicyclists, pedestrians, and users of 
                highway facilities; and
                    ``(B) develop and implement projects and programs 
                to address the hazards.'';
            (2) in subsection (b), by striking ``highway safety 
        improvement project'' and inserting ``safety improvement 
        project, including a project described in subsection (a)''; and
            (3) in subsection (c), by striking ``on any public road 
        (other than a highway on the Interstate System).'' and 
        inserting the following: ``on--
            ``(1) any public road;
            ``(2) any public transportation vehicle or facility, any 
        publicly owned bicycle or pedestrian pathway or trail, or any 
        other facility that the Secretary determines to be appropriate; 
        or
            ``(3) any traffic calming measure.''.
    (b) Conforming Amendments.--
            (1) Section 101(a) of title 23, United States Code, is 
        amended--
                    (A) in the undesignated paragraph defining 
                ``highway safety improvement project'', by striking 
                ``highway safety'' and inserting ``safety''; and
                    (B) by moving that undesignated paragraph to appear 
                before the undesignated paragraph defining 
                ``Secretary''.
            (2) Section 152 of title 23, United States Code, is amended 
        in subsections (f) and (g) by striking ``highway safety 
        improvement projects'' each place it appears and inserting 
        ``safety improvement projects''.

SEC. 1405. MINIMUM PENALTIES FOR REPEAT OFFENDERS FOR DRIVING WHILE 
              INTOXICATED OR DRIVING UNDER THE INFLUENCE.

    (a) In General.--Chapter 1 of title 23, United States Code (as 
amended by section 1301(a)), is amended by adding at the end the 
following:
``Sec. 163. Minimum penalties for repeat offenders for driving while 
              intoxicated or driving under the influence
    ``(a) Definitions.--In this section:
            ``(1) Alcohol concentration.--The term `alcohol 
        concentration' means grams of alcohol per 100 milliliters of 
        blood or grams of alcohol per 210 liters of breath.
            ``(2) Driving while intoxicated; driving under the 
        influence.--The terms `driving while intoxicated' and `driving 
        under the influence' mean driving or being in actual physical 
        control of a motor vehicle while having an alcohol 
        concentration above the permitted limit as established by each 
        State.
            ``(3) License suspension.--The term `license suspension' 
        means the suspension of all driving privileges.
            ``(4) Motor vehicle.--The term `motor vehicle' means a 
        vehicle driven or drawn by mechanical power and manufactured 
        primarily for use on public highways, but does not include a 
        vehicle operated solely on a rail line or a commercial vehicle.
            ``(5) Repeat intoxicated driver law.--The term `repeat 
        intoxicated driver law' means a State law that provides, as a 
        minimum penalty, that an individual convicted of a second or 
        subsequent offense for driving while intoxicated or driving 
        under the influence after a previous conviction for that 
        offense shall--
                    ``(A) receive a driver's license suspension for not 
                less than 1 year;
                    ``(B) be subject to the impoundment or 
                immobilization of each of the individual's motor 
                vehicles or the installation of an ignition interlock 
                system on each of the motor vehicles;
                    ``(C) receive an assessment of the individual's 
                degree of abuse of alcohol and treatment as 
                appropriate; and
                    ``(D) receive--
                            ``(i) in the case of the second offense--
                                    ``(I) an assignment of not less 
                                than 30 days of community service; or
                                    ``(II) not less than 5 days of 
                                imprisonment; and
                            ``(ii) in the case of the third or 
                        subsequent offense--
                                    ``(I) an assignment of not less 
                                than 60 days of community service; or
                                    ``(II) not less than 10 days of 
                                imprisonment.
    ``(b) Transfer of Funds.--
            ``(1) Fiscal years 2001 and 2002.--
                    ``(A) In general.--On October 1, 2000, and October 
                1, 2001, if a State has not enacted or is not enforcing 
                a repeat intoxicated driver law, the Secretary shall 
                transfer an amount equal to 1\1/2\ percent of the funds 
                apportioned to the State on that date under paragraphs 
                (1) and (3) of section 104(b) to the apportionment of 
                the State under section 402--
                            ``(i) to be used for alcohol-impaired 
                        driving countermeasures; or
                            ``(ii) to be directed to State and local 
                        law enforcement agencies for enforcement of 
                        laws prohibiting driving while intoxicated or 
                        driving under the influence and other related 
                        laws (including regulations), including the 
                        purchase of equipment, the training of 
                        officers, and the use of additional personnel 
                        for specific alcohol-impaired driving 
                        countermeasures, dedicated to enforcement of 
                        the laws (including regulations).
                    ``(B) Derivation of amount to be transferred.--An 
                amount transferred under subparagraph (A) may be 
                derived--
                            ``(i) from the apportionment of the State 
                        under section 104(b)(1);
                            ``(ii) from the apportionment of the State 
                        under section 104(b)(3); or
                            ``(iii) partially from the apportionment of 
                        the State under section 104(b)(1) and partially 
                        from the apportionment of the State under 
                        section 104(b)(3).
            ``(2) Fiscal year 2003 and fiscal years thereafter.--
                    ``(A) In general.--On October 1, 2002, and each 
                October 1 thereafter, if a State has not enacted or is 
                not enforcing a repeat intoxicated driver law, the 
                Secretary shall transfer 3 percent of the funds 
                apportioned to the State on that date under each of 
                paragraphs (1) and (3) of section 104(b) to the 
                apportionment of the State under section 402--
                            ``(i) to be used for alcohol-impaired 
                        driving countermeasures; or
                            ``(ii) to be directed to State and local 
                        law enforcement agencies for enforcement of 
                        laws prohibiting driving while intoxicated or 
                        driving under the influence and other related 
                        laws (including regulations), including the 
                        purchase of equipment, the training of 
                        officers, and the use of additional personnel 
                        for specific alcohol-impaired driving 
                        countermeasures, dedicated to enforcement of 
                        the laws (including regulations).
                    ``(B) Derivation of amount to be transferred.--An 
                amount transferred under subparagraph (A) may be 
                derived--
                            ``(i) from the apportionment of the State 
                        under section 104(b)(1);
                            ``(ii) from the apportionment of the State 
                        under section 104(b)(3); or
                            ``(iii) partially from the apportionment of 
                        the State under section 104(b)(1) and partially 
                        from the apportionment of the State under 
                        section 104(b)(3).
            ``(3) Federal share.--The Federal share of the cost of a 
        project carried out under section 402 with funds transferred 
        under paragraph (1) or (2) shall be 100 percent.
            ``(4) Transfer of obligation authority.--
                    ``(A) In general.--If the Secretary transfers under 
                this subsection any funds to the apportionment of a 
                State under section 402 for a fiscal year, the 
                Secretary shall transfer an amount, determined under 
                subparagraph (B), of obligation authority distributed 
                for the fiscal year to the State for Federal-aid 
                highways and highway safety construction programs for 
                carrying out projects under section 402.
                    ``(B) Amount.--The amount of obligation authority 
                referred to in subparagraph (A) shall be determined by 
                multiplying--
                            ``(i) the amount of funds transferred under 
                        subparagraph (A) to the apportionment of the 
                        State under section 402 for the fiscal year; by
                            ``(ii) the ratio that--
                                    ``(I) the amount of obligation 
                                authority distributed for the fiscal 
                                year to the State for Federal-aid 
                                highways and highway safety 
                                construction programs; bears to
                                    ``(II) the total of the sums 
                                apportioned to the State for Federal-
                                aid highways and highway safety 
                                construction programs (excluding sums 
                                not subject to any obligation 
                                limitation) for the fiscal year.
            ``(5) Limitation on applicability of highway safety 
        obligations.--Notwithstanding any other provision of law, no 
        limitation on the total of obligations for highway safety 
        programs under section 402 shall apply to funds transferred 
        under this subsection to the apportionment of a State under 
        that section.''.
    (b) Conforming Amendment.--The analysis for chapter 1 of title 23, 
United States Code (as amended by section 1301(b)), is amended by 
adding at the end the following:

``163. Minimum penalties for repeat offenders for driving while 
                            intoxicated or driving under the 
                            influence.''.

SEC. 1406. SAFETY INCENTIVE GRANTS FOR USE OF SEAT BELTS.

    (a) In General.--Chapter 1 of title 23, United States Code (as 
amended by section 1405(a)), is amended by adding at the end the 
following:
``Sec. 164. Safety incentive grants for use of seat belts
    ``(a) Definitions.--In this section:
            ``(1) Motor vehicle.--The term `motor vehicle' means a 
        vehicle driven or drawn by mechanical power and manufactured 
        primarily for use on public highways, but does not include a 
        vehicle operated solely on a rail line.
            ``(2) Multipurpose passenger motor vehicle.--The term 
        `multipurpose passenger motor vehicle' means a motor vehicle 
        with motive power (except a trailer), designed to carry not 
        more than 10 individuals, that is constructed on a truck 
        chassis or is constructed with special features for occasional 
        off-road operation.
            ``(3) National average seat belt use rate.--The term 
        `national average seat belt use rate' means, in the case of 
        each of calendar years 1995 through 2001, the national average 
        seat belt use rate for that year, as determined by the 
        Secretary.
            ``(4) Passenger car.--The term `passenger car' means a 
        motor vehicle with motive power (except a multipurpose 
        passenger motor vehicle, motorcycle, or trailer) designed to 
        carry not more than 10 individuals.
            ``(5) Passenger motor vehicle.--The term `passenger motor 
        vehicle' means a passenger car or a multipurpose passenger 
        motor vehicle.
            ``(6) Savings to the federal government.--The term `savings 
        to the Federal Government' means the amount of Federal budget 
        savings relating to Federal medical costs (including savings 
        under the medicare and medicaid programs under titles XVIII and 
        XIX of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1395 et seq.)), as 
        determined by the Secretary.
            ``(7) Seat belt.--The term `seat belt' means--
                    ``(A) with respect to an open-body passenger motor 
                vehicle, including a convertible, an occupant restraint 
                system consisting of a lap belt or a lap belt and a 
                detachable shoulder belt; and
                    ``(B) with respect to any other passenger motor 
                vehicle, an occupant restraint system consisting of 
                integrated lap and shoulder belts.
            ``(8) State seat belt use rate.--The term `State seat belt 
        use rate' means the rate of use of seat belts in passenger 
        motor vehicles in a State, as measured and submitted to the 
        Secretary--
                    ``(A) for each of calendar years 1995 through 1997, 
                by the State, as adjusted by the Secretary to ensure 
                national consistency in methods of measurement (as 
                determined by the Secretary); and
                    ``(B) for each of calendar years 1998 through 2001, 
                by the State in a manner consistent with the criteria 
                established by the Secretary under subsection (e).
    ``(b) Determinations by the Secretary.--Not later than 30 days 
after the date of enactment of this section, and not later than 
September 1 of each calendar year thereafter through September 1, 2002, 
the Secretary shall determine--
            ``(1)(A) which States had, for each of the previous 
        calendar years (referred to in this subsection as the `previous 
        calendar year') and the year preceding the previous calendar 
        year, a State seat belt use rate greater than the national 
        average seat belt use rate for that year; and
            ``(B) in the case of each State described in subparagraph 
        (A), the amount that is equal to the savings to the Federal 
        Government due to the amount by which the State seat belt use 
        rate for the previous calendar year exceeds the national 
        average seat belt use rate for that year; and
            ``(2) in the case of each State that is not a State 
        described in paragraph (1)(A)--
                    ``(A) the base seat belt use rate of the State, 
                which shall be equal to the highest State seat belt use 
                rate for the State for any calendar year during the 
                period of 1995 through the calendar year preceding the 
                previous calendar year; and
                    ``(B) the amount that is equal to the savings to 
                the Federal Government due to any increase in the State 
                seat belt use rate for the previous calendar year over 
                the base seat belt use rate determined under 
                subparagraph (A).
    ``(c) Allocations.--
            ``(1) States with greater than the national average seat 
        belt use rate.--Not later than 30 days after the date of 
        enactment of this section, and not later than each October 1 
        thereafter through October 1, 2002, the Secretary shall 
        allocate to each State described in subsection (b)(1)(A) an 
        amount equal to the amount determined for the State under 
        subsection (b)(1)(B).
            ``(2) Other states.--Not later than 30 days after the date 
        of enactment of this section, and not later than each October 1 
        thereafter through October 1, 2002, the Secretary shall 
        allocate to each State described in subsection (b)(2) an amount 
        equal to the amount determined for the State under subsection 
        (b)(2)(B).
    ``(d) Use of Funds.--For each fiscal year, each State that is 
allocated an amount under this section shall use the amount for 
projects eligible for assistance under this title.
    ``(e) Criteria.--Not later than 180 days after the date of 
enactment of the Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 
1998, the Secretary shall establish criteria for the measurement of 
State seat belt use rates by States to ensure that the measurements are 
accurate and representative.
    ``(f) Funding.--
            ``(1) Authorization of contract authority.--There shall be 
        available from the Highway Trust Fund (other than the Mass 
        Transit Account) to carry out this section $60,000,000 for 
        fiscal year 1998, $70,000,000 for fiscal year 1999, $80,000,000 
        for fiscal year 2000, $90,000,000 for fiscal year 2001, and 
        $100,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2002 and 2003.
            ``(2) Proportionate adjustment.--If the total amounts to be 
        allocated under subsection (c) for any fiscal year would exceed 
        the amounts authorized for the fiscal year under paragraph (1), 
        the allocation to each State under subsection (c) shall be 
        reduced proportionately.
            ``(3) Use of unallocated funds.--To the extent that the 
        amounts made available for any fiscal year under paragraph (1) 
        exceed the total amounts to be allocated under subsection (c) 
        for the fiscal year, the excess amounts shall be allocated as 
        follows:
                    ``(A) 50 percent to be apportioned to the States in 
                the same manner in which funds are apportioned under 
                section 402(c).
                    ``(B) 50 percent to be allocated by the Secretary 
                under section 403 through cooperative agreements with 
                States to carry out innovative programs to promote 
                increased seat belt use rates.
            ``(4) Administrative expenses.--Not more than 2 percent of 
        the funds made available to carry out this section may be used 
        to pay the necessary administrative expenses incurred in 
        carrying out this section.''.
    (b) Conforming Amendment.--The analysis for chapter 1 of title 23, 
United States Code (as amended by section 1405(b)), is amended by 
adding at the end the following:

``164. Safety incentive grants for use of seat belts.''.

SEC. 1407. AUTOMATIC CRASH PROTECTION UNBELTED TESTING STANDARD.

    (a) In General.--
            (1) Testing with simultaneous use.--Beginning on the date 
        of enactment of this Act, for the purpose of certification 
        under section 30115 of title 49, United States Code, of 
        compliance with the motor vehicle safety standards under 
        section 30111 of that title, a manufacturer or distributor of a 
        motor vehicle shall be deemed to be in compliance with 
        applicable performance standards for occupant crash protection 
        if the motor vehicle meets the applicable requirements for 
        testing with the simultaneous use of both an automatic 
        restraint system and a manual seat belt.
            (2) Prohibition.--In no case shall a manufacturer or 
        distributor use, for the purpose of the certification referred 
        to in paragraph (1), testing that provides for the use of an 
        automatic restraint system without the use of a manual seat 
        belt.
    (b) Revision of Standards.--The Secretary shall issue such revised 
standards under section 30111 of title 49, United States Code, as are 
necessary to conform to subsection (a).

SEC. 1408. NATIONAL STANDARD TO PROHIBIT OPERATION OF MOTOR VEHICLES BY 
              INTOXICATED INDIVIDUALS.

    (a) In General.--Chapter 1 of title 23, United States Code, is 
amended by inserting after section 153 the following:
``Sec. 154. National standard to prohibit operation of motor vehicles 
              by intoxicated individuals
    ``(a) Withholding of Apportionments for Noncompliance.--
            ``(1) Fiscal year 2002.--The Secretary shall withhold 5 
        percent of the amount required to be apportioned to any State 
        under each of paragraphs (1)(A), (1)(C), and (3) of section 
        104(b) on October 1, 2001, if the State does not meet the 
        requirements of paragraph (3) on that date.
            ``(2) Subsequent fiscal years.--The Secretary shall 
        withhold 10 percent (including any amounts withheld under 
        paragraph (1)) of the amount required to be apportioned to any 
        State under each of paragraphs (1)(A), (1)(C), and (3) of 
        section 104(b) on October 1, 2002, and on October 1 of each 
        fiscal year thereafter, if the State does not meet the 
        requirements of paragraph (3) on that date.
            ``(3) Requirements.--A State meets the requirements of this 
        paragraph if the State has enacted and is enforcing a law 
        providing that an individual who has an alcohol concentration 
        of 0.08 percent or greater while operating a motor vehicle in 
        the State is guilty of the offense of driving while intoxicated 
        (or an equivalent offense that carries the greatest penalty 
        under the law of the State for operating a motor vehicle after 
        having consumed alcohol).
    ``(b) Period of Availability; Effect of Compliance and 
Noncompliance.--
            ``(1) Period of availability of withheld funds.--
                    ``(A) Funds withheld on or before september 30, 
                2003.--Any funds withheld under subsection (a) from 
                apportionment to any State on or before September 30, 
                2003, shall remain available until the end of the third 
                fiscal year following the fiscal year for which the 
                funds are authorized to be appropriated.
                    ``(B) Funds withheld after september 30, 2003.--No 
                funds withheld under this section from apportionment to 
                any State after September 30, 2003, shall be available 
                for apportionment to the State.
            ``(2) Apportionment of withheld funds after compliance.--
        If, before the last day of the period for which funds withheld 
        under subsection (a) from apportionment are to remain available 
        for apportionment to a State under paragraph (1)(A), the State 
        meets the requirements of subsection (a)(3), the Secretary 
        shall, on the first day on which the State meets the 
        requirements, apportion to the State the funds withheld under 
        subsection (a) that remain available for apportionment to the 
        State.
            ``(3) Period of availability of subsequently apportioned 
        funds.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Any funds apportioned under 
                paragraph (2) shall remain available for expenditure 
                until the end of the third fiscal year following the 
                fiscal year in which the funds are so apportioned.
                    ``(B) Treatment of certain funds.--Sums not 
                obligated at the end of the period referred to in 
                subparagraph (A) shall--
                            ``(i) lapse; or
                            ``(ii) in the case of funds apportioned 
                        under section 104(b)(1)(A), lapse and be made 
                        available by the Secretary for projects in 
                        accordance with section 118.
            ``(4) Effect of noncompliance.--If, at the end of the 
        period for which funds withheld under subsection (a) from 
        apportionment are available for apportionment to a State under 
        paragraph (1)(A), the State does not meet the requirements of 
        subsection (a)(3), the funds shall--
                    ``(A) lapse; or
                    ``(B) in the case of funds withheld from 
                apportionment under section 104(b)(1)(A), lapse and be 
                made available by the Secretary for projects in 
                accordance with section 118.''.
    (b) Conforming Amendment.--The analysis for chapter 1 of title 23, 
United States Code, is amended by inserting after the item relating to 
section 153 the following:

``154. National standard to prohibit operation of motor vehicles by 
                            intoxicated individuals.''.

SEC. 1409. OPEN CONTAINER LAWS.

    (a) Establishment.--Chapter 1 of title 23, United States Code, is 
amended by inserting after section 153 the following:
``Sec. 154. Open container requirements
    ``(a) Definitions.--In this section:
            ``(1) Alcoholic beverage.--The term `alcoholic beverage' 
        has the meaning given the term in section 158(c).
            ``(2) Motor vehicle.--The term `motor vehicle' means a 
        vehicle driven or drawn by mechanical power and manufactured 
        primarily for use on public highways, but does not include a 
        vehicle operated exclusively on a rail or rails.
            ``(3) Open alcoholic beverage container.--The term `open 
        alcoholic beverage container' has the meaning given the term in 
        section 410(i).
            ``(4) Passenger area.--The term `passenger area' shall have 
        the meaning given the term by the Secretary by regulation.
    ``(b) Withholding of Apportionments for Noncompliance.--
            ``(1) Fiscal year 2002.--The Secretary shall withhold 5 
        percent of the amount required to be apportioned to any State 
        under each of paragraphs (1)(A), (1)(C), and (3) of section 
        104(b) on October 1, 2001, if the State does not have in effect 
        a law described in paragraph (3) on that date.
            ``(2) Subsequent fiscal years.--The Secretary shall 
        withhold 10 percent (including any amounts withheld under 
        paragraph (1)) of the amount required to be apportioned to any 
        State under each of paragraphs (1)(A), (1)(C), and (3) of 
        section 104(b) on October 1, 2002, and on October 1 of each 
        fiscal year thereafter, if the State does not have in effect a 
        law described in paragraph (3) on that date.
            ``(3) Open container laws.--
                    ``(A) In general.--For the purposes of this 
                section, each State shall have in effect a law that 
                prohibits the possession of any open alcoholic beverage 
                container, or the consumption of any alcoholic 
                beverage, in the passenger area of any motor vehicle 
                (including possession or consumption by the driver of 
                the vehicle) located on a public highway, or the right-
                of-way of a public highway, in the State.
                    ``(B) Motor vehicles designed to transport many 
                passengers.--For the purposes of this section, if a 
                State has in effect a law that makes unlawful the 
                possession of any open alcoholic beverage container in 
                the passenger area by the driver (but not by a 
                passenger) of a motor vehicle designed, maintained, or 
                used primarily for the transportation of persons for 
                compensation, or to the living quarters of a house 
                coach or house trailer, the State shall be deemed to 
                have in effect a law described in this subsection with 
                respect to such a motor vehicle for each fiscal year 
                during which the law is in effect.
    ``(c) Period of Availability; Effect of Compliance and 
Noncompliance.--
            ``(1) Period of availability of withheld funds.--
                    ``(A) Funds withheld on or before september 30, 
                2003.--Any funds withheld under subsection (b) from 
                apportionment to any State on or before September 30, 
                2003, shall remain available until the end of the third 
                fiscal year following the fiscal year for which the 
                funds are authorized to be appropriated.
                    ``(B) Funds withheld after september 30, 2003.--No 
                funds withheld under this section from apportionment to 
                any State after September 30, 2003, shall be available 
                for apportionment to the State.
            ``(2) Apportionment of withheld funds after compliance.--
        If, before the last day of the period for which funds withheld 
        under subsection (b) from apportionment are to remain available 
        for apportionment to a State under paragraph (1)(A), the State 
        has in effect a law described in subsection (b)(3), the 
        Secretary shall, on the first day on which the State has in 
        effect such a law, apportion to the State the funds withheld 
        under subsection (b) that remain available for apportionment to 
        the State.
            ``(3) Period of availability of subsequently apportioned 
        funds.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Any funds apportioned under 
                paragraph (2) shall remain available for expenditure 
                until the end of the third fiscal year following the 
                fiscal year in which the funds are so apportioned.
                    ``(B) Treatment of certain funds.--Sums not 
                obligated at the end of the period referred to in 
                subparagraph (A) shall--
                            ``(i) lapse; or
                            ``(ii) in the case of funds apportioned 
                        under section 104(b)(1)(A), lapse and be made 
                        available by the Secretary for projects in 
                        accordance with section 118.
            ``(4) Effect of noncompliance.--If, at the end of the 
        period for which funds withheld under subsection (b) from 
        apportionment are available for apportionment to a State under 
        paragraph (1)(A), the State does not have in effect a law 
        described in subsection (b)(3), the funds shall--
                    ``(A) lapse; or
                    ``(B) in the case of funds withheld from 
                apportionment under section 104(b)(1)(A), lapse and be 
                made available by the Secretary for projects in 
                accordance with section 118.''.
    (b) Conforming Amendment.--The analysis for chapter 1 of title 23, 
United States Code, is amended by inserting after the item relating to 
section 153 the following:

``154. Open container requirements.''.

SEC. 1410. REPORT ON EFFECTS OF ALLOWING HEAVIER WEIGHT VEHICLES ON 
              CERTAIN HIGHWAYS.

    (a) Definition of Heavier Weight Vehicle.--In this section, the 
term ``heavier weight vehicle'' means a vehicle the operation of which 
on the Interstate System is prohibited under section 127 of title 23, 
United States Code.
    (b) Report.--Not later than December 31, 2000, the Secretary shall 
submit to Congress a report on the effects of allowing operation of 
heavier weight vehicles on Interstate Route 95 in the States of Maine 
and New Hampshire.
    (c) Contents.--The report shall contain an analysis of the safety, 
infrastructure, cost recovery, environmental, and economic implications 
of that operation.
    (d) Consultation.--In preparing the report, the Secretary shall 
consult with the safety and modal administrations of the Department of 
Transportation, and the States of Maine and New Hampshire.
    (e) Moratorium on Withholding of Funds.--Notwithstanding section 
127 of title 23, United States Code, during the period beginning on the 
date of enactment of this Act and ending on the earlier of the end of 
fiscal year 2002 or the date that is 1 year after the date of 
submission of the report under subsection (b), the Secretary shall not 
withhold, under that section, funds from apportionment to the States of 
Maine and New Hampshire.

                        Subtitle E--Environment

SEC. 1501. NATIONAL SCENIC BYWAYS PROGRAM.

    (a) In General.--Chapter 1 of title 23, United States Code (as 
amended by section 1406(a)) is amended by adding at the end the 
following:
``Sec. 165. National scenic byways program
    ``(a) Designation of Roads.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall carry out a national 
        scenic byways program that recognizes roads having outstanding 
        scenic, historic, cultural, natural, recreational, and 
        archaeological qualities by designating the roads as National 
        Scenic Byways or All-American Roads.
            ``(2) Criteria.--The Secretary shall designate roads to be 
        recognized under the national scenic byways program in 
        accordance with criteria developed by the Secretary.
            ``(3) Nomination.--To be considered for the designation, a 
        road must be nominated by a State or a Federal land management 
        agency and must first be designated as a State scenic byway or, 
        in the case of a road on Federal land, as a Federal land 
        management agency byway.
    ``(b) Grants and Technical Assistance.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall make grants and 
        provide technical assistance to States to--
                    ``(A) implement projects on highways designated as 
                National Scenic Byways or All-American Roads, or as 
                State scenic byways; and
                    ``(B) plan, design, and develop a State scenic 
                byway program.
            ``(2) Priorities.--In making grants, the Secretary shall 
        give priority to--
                    ``(A) each eligible project that is associated with 
                a highway that has been designated as a National Scenic 
                Byway or All-American Road and that is consistent with 
                the corridor management plan for the byway;
                    ``(B) each eligible project along a State-
                designated scenic byway that is consistent with the 
                corridor management plan for the byway, or is intended 
                to foster the development of such a plan, and is 
                carried out to make the byway eligible for designation 
                as a National Scenic Byway or All-American Road; and
                    ``(C) each eligible project that is associated with 
                the development of a State scenic byway program.
    ``(c) Eligible Projects.--The following are projects that are 
eligible for Federal assistance under this section:
            ``(1) An activity related to the planning, design, or 
        development of a State scenic byway program.
            ``(2) Development and implementation of a corridor 
        management plan to maintain the scenic, historical, 
        recreational, cultural, natural, and archaeological 
        characteristics of a byway corridor while providing for 
        accommodation of increased tourism and development of related 
        amenities.
            ``(3) Safety improvements to a State scenic byway, National 
        Scenic Byway, or All-American Road to the extent that the 
        improvements are necessary to accommodate increased traffic and 
        changes in the types of vehicles using the highway as a result 
        of the designation as a State scenic byway, National Scenic 
        Byway, or All-American Road.
            ``(4) Construction along a scenic byway of a facility for 
        pedestrians and bicyclists, rest area, turnout, highway 
        shoulder improvement, passing lane, overlook, or interpretive 
        facility.
            ``(5) An improvement to a scenic byway that will enhance 
        access to an area for the purpose of recreation, including 
        water-related recreation.
            ``(6) Protection of scenic, historical, recreational, 
        cultural, natural, and archaeological resources in an area 
        adjacent to a scenic byway.
            ``(7) Development and provision of tourist information to 
        the public, including interpretive information about a scenic 
        byway.
            ``(8) Development and implementation of a scenic byways 
        marketing program.
    ``(d) Limitation.--The Secretary shall not make a grant under this 
section for any project that would not protect the scenic, historical, 
recreational, cultural, natural, and archaeological integrity of a 
highway and adjacent areas.
    ``(e) Federal Share.--The Federal share of the cost of carrying out 
a project under this section shall be 80 percent, except that, in the 
case of any scenic byways project along a public road that provides 
access to or within Federal or Indian land, a Federal land management 
agency may use funds authorized for use by the agency as the non-
Federal share.
    ``(f) Authorization of Contract Authority.--There shall be 
available from the Highway Trust Fund (other than the Mass Transit 
Account) to carry out this section $17,000,000 for fiscal year 1998, 
$17,000,000 for fiscal year 1999, $19,000,000 for fiscal year 2000, 
$19,000,000 for fiscal year 2001, $21,000,000 for fiscal year 2002, and 
$23,000,000 for fiscal year 2003.''.
    (b) Conforming Amendment.--The analysis for chapter 1 of title 23, 
United States Code (as amended by section 1406(b)), is amended by 
adding at the end the following:

``165. National scenic byways program.''.

SEC. 1502. PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS.

    Section 149 of title 23, United States Code, is amended by adding 
at the end the following:
    ``(e) Partnerships With Nongovernmental Entities.--
            ``(1) In general.--Notwithstanding any other provision of 
        this title and in accordance with this subsection, a 
        metropolitan planning organization, State transportation 
        department, or other project sponsor may enter into an 
        agreement with any public, private, or nonprofit entity to 
        cooperatively implement any project carried out under this 
        section.
            ``(2) Forms of participation by entities.--Participation by 
        an entity under paragraph (1) may consist of--
                    ``(A) ownership or operation of any land, facility, 
                vehicle, or other physical asset associated with the 
                project;
                    ``(B) cost sharing of any project expense;
                    ``(C) carrying out of administration, construction 
                management, project management, project operation, or 
                any other management or operational duty associated 
                with the project; and
                    ``(D) any other form of participation approved by 
                the Secretary.
            ``(3) Allocation to entities.--A State may allocate funds 
        apportioned under section 104(b)(2) to an entity described in 
        paragraph (1).
            ``(4) Alternative fuel projects.--In the case of a project 
        that will provide for the use of alternative fuels by privately 
        owned vehicles or vehicle fleets, activities eligible for 
        funding under this subsection--
                    ``(A) may include the costs of vehicle refueling 
                infrastructure and other capital investments associated 
                with the project; and
                    ``(B) shall--
                            ``(i) include only the incremental cost of 
                        an alternative fueled vehicle compared to a 
                        conventionally fueled vehicle that would 
                        otherwise be borne by a private party; and
                            ``(ii) apply other governmental financial 
                        purchase contributions in the calculation of 
                        net incremental cost.
            ``(5) Prohibition on federal participation with respect to 
        required activities.--A Federal participation payment under 
        this subsection may not be made to an entity to fund an 
        obligation imposed under the Clean Air Act (42 U.S.C. 7401 et 
        seq.) or any other Federal law.''.

SEC. 1503. WETLAND RESTORATION PILOT PROGRAM.

    (a) Findings.--Congress finds that--
            (1) surface transportation has unintended but negative 
        consequences for wetlands and other water resources;
            (2) in almost every State, construction and other highway 
        activities have reduced or eliminated wetland functions and 
        values, such as wildlife habitat, ground water recharge, flood 
        control, and water quality benefits;
            (3) the United States has lost more than \1/2\ of the 
        estimated 220,000,000 acres of wetlands that existed during 
        colonial times; and
            (4) while the rate of human-induced destruction and 
        conversion of wetlands has slowed in recent years, the United 
        States has suffered unacceptable wetland losses as a result of 
        highway projects.
    (b) Establishment.--The Secretary shall establish a national 
wetland restoration pilot program (referred to in this section as the 
``program'') to fund mitigation projects to offset the degradation of 
wetlands, or the loss of functions and values of the aquatic resource, 
resulting from projects carried out before December 27, 1977, under 
title 23, United States Code (or similar projects as determined by the 
Secretary), for which mitigation has not been performed.
    (c) Applications.--To be eligible for funding under the program, a 
State shall submit an application to the Secretary that includes--
            (1) a description of the wetland proposed to be restored by 
        a mitigation project described in subsection (b) (referred to 
        in this section as a ``wetland restoration project'') under the 
        program (including the size and quality of the wetland);
            (2) such information as is necessary to establish a nexus 
        between--
                    (A) a project carried out under title 23, United 
                States Code (or a similar project as determined by the 
                Secretary); and
                    (B) the wetland values and functions proposed to be 
                restored by the wetland restoration project;
            (3) a description of the benefits expected from the 
        proposed wetland restoration project (including improvement of 
        water quality, improvement of wildlife habitat, ground water 
        recharge, and flood control);
            (4) a description of the State's level of commitment to the 
        proposed wetland restoration project (including the monetary 
        commitment of the State and any development of a State or 
        regional conservation plan that includes the proposed wetland 
        restoration); and
            (5) the estimated total cost of the wetland restoration 
        project.
    (d) Selection of Wetland Restoration Projects.--
            (1) Interagency council.--In consultation with the 
        Secretary of the Army, the Secretary of the Interior, the 
        Secretary of Agriculture, and the Administrator of the 
        Environmental Protection Agency, the Secretary shall establish 
        an interagency advisory council to--
                    (A) review the submitted applications that meet the 
                requirements of subsection (c); and
                    (B) not later than 60 days after the application 
                deadline, select wetland restoration projects for 
                funding under the program.
            (2) Selection criteria for priority wetland restoration 
        projects.--In consultation with the Secretary of the Army, the 
        Secretary of the Interior, the Secretary of Agriculture, and 
        the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency, the 
        Secretary shall give priority in funding under this section to 
        wetland restoration projects that--
                    (A) provide for long-term monitoring and 
                maintenance of wetland resources;
                    (B) are managed by an entity, such as a State 
                wildlife agency, wetland conservation group, land 
                trust, or nature conservancy, with expertise in the 
                long-term monitoring and protection of wetland 
                resources; and
                    (C) have a high likelihood of success.
    (e) Reports.--Not later than April 1, 2000, and April 1, 2003, the 
Secretary shall submit a report to Congress on the results of the 
program.
    (f) Authorization of Contract Authority.--
            (1) In general.--There shall be available from the Highway 
        Trust Fund (other than the Mass Transit Account) to carry out 
        this section $12,000,000 for fiscal year 1998, $13,000,000 for 
        fiscal year 1999, $14,000,000 for fiscal year 2000, $17,000,000 
        for fiscal year 2001, $20,000,000 for fiscal year 2002, and 
        $24,000,000 for fiscal year 2003.
            (2) Contract authority.--Funds authorized under this 
        subsection shall be available for obligation in the same manner 
        as if the funds were apportioned under chapter 1 of title 23, 
        United States Code.

                          Subtitle F--Planning

SEC. 1601. METROPOLITAN PLANNING.

    (a) In General.--Section 134 of title 23, United States Code, is 
amended to read as follows:
``Sec. 134. Metropolitan planning
    ``(a) General Requirements.--
            ``(1) Findings.--Congress finds that it is in the national 
        interest to encourage and promote the safe and efficient 
        management, operation, and development of surface 
        transportation systems that will serve the mobility needs of 
        people and freight within and through urbanized areas, while 
        minimizing transportation-related fuel consumption and air 
        pollution.
            ``(2) Development of plans and programs.--To accomplish the 
        objective stated in paragraph (1), metropolitan planning 
        organizations designated under subsection (b), in cooperation 
        with the State and public transit operators, shall develop 
        transportation plans and programs for urbanized areas of the 
        State.
            ``(3) Contents.--The plans and programs for each 
        metropolitan area shall provide for the development and 
        integrated management and operation of transportation systems 
        and facilities (including pedestrian walkways and bicycle 
        transportation facilities) that will function as an intermodal 
        transportation system for the metropolitan area and as an 
        integral part of an intermodal transportation system for the 
        State and the United States.
            ``(4) Process.--The process for developing the plans and 
        programs shall provide for consideration of all modes of 
        transportation and shall be continuing, cooperative, and 
        comprehensive to the degree appropriate, based on the 
        complexity of the transportation problems to be addressed.
    ``(b) Designation of Metropolitan Planning Organizations.--
            ``(1) In general.--To carry out the transportation planning 
        process required by this section, a metropolitan planning 
        organization shall be designated for each urbanized area with a 
        population of more than 50,000 individuals--
                    ``(A) by agreement between the Governor and units 
                of general purpose local government that together 
                represent at least 75 percent of the affected 
                population (including the central city or cities as 
                defined by the Bureau of the Census); or
                    ``(B) in accordance with procedures established by 
                applicable State or local law.
            ``(2) Redesignation.--
                    ``(A) Procedures.--A metropolitan planning 
                organization may be redesignated by agreement between 
                the Governor and units of general purpose local 
                government that together represent at least 75 percent 
                of the affected population (including the central city 
                or cities as defined by the Bureau of the Census) as 
                appropriate to carry out this section.
                    ``(B) Certain requests to redesignate.--A 
                metropolitan planning organization shall be 
                redesignated upon request of a unit or units of general 
                purpose local government representing at least 25 
                percent of the affected population (including the 
                central city or cities as defined by the Bureau of the 
                Census) in any urbanized area--
                            ``(i) whose population is more than 
                        5,000,000 but less than 10,000,000, or
                            ``(ii) which is an extreme nonattainment 
                        area for ozone or carbon monoxide as defined 
                        under the Clean Air Act.
                Such redesignation shall be accomplished using 
                procedures established by subparagraph (A).
            ``(3) Designation of more than 1 metropolitan planning 
        organization.--More than 1 metropolitan planning organization 
        may be designated within an existing metropolitan planning area 
        only if the Governor and the existing metropolitan planning 
        organization determine that the size and complexity of the 
        existing metropolitan planning area make designation of more 
        than 1 metropolitan planning organization for the area 
        appropriate.
            ``(4) Structure.--Each policy board of a metropolitan 
        planning organization that serves an area designated as a 
        transportation management area, when designated or redesignated 
        under this subsection, shall consist of--
                    ``(A) local elected officials;
                    ``(B) officials of public agencies that administer 
                or operate major modes of transportation in the 
                metropolitan area (including all transportation 
                agencies included in the metropolitan planning 
                organization as of June 1, 1991); and
                    ``(C) appropriate State officials.
            ``(5) Other authority.--Nothing in this subsection 
        interferes with the authority, under any State law in effect on 
        December 18, 1991, of a public agency with multimodal 
        transportation responsibilities to--
                    ``(A) develop plans and programs for adoption by a 
                metropolitan planning organization; or
                    ``(B) develop long-range capital plans, coordinate 
                transit services and projects, and carry out other 
                activities under State law.
            ``(6) Continuing designation.--A designation of a 
        metropolitan planning organization under this subsection or any 
        other provision of law shall remain in effect until the 
        metropolitan planning organization is redesignated under 
        paragraph (2).
    ``(c) Metropolitan Planning Area Boundaries.--
            ``(1) In general.--For the purposes of this section, the 
        boundaries of a metropolitan planning area shall be determined 
        by agreement between the metropolitan planning organization and 
        the Governor.
            ``(2) Included area.--Each metropolitan planning area--
                    ``(A) shall encompass at least the existing 
                urbanized area and the contiguous area expected to 
                become urbanized within a 20-year forecast period; and
                    ``(B) may encompass the entire metropolitan 
                statistical area or consolidated metropolitan 
                statistical area, as defined by the Bureau of the 
                Census.
            ``(3) Existing metropolitan planning areas in 
        nonattainment.--Notwithstanding paragraph (2), in the case of 
        an area designated as a nonattainment area for ozone or carbon 
        monoxide under the Clean Air Act (42 U.S.C. 7401 et seq.), the 
        boundaries of the metropolitan planning area in existence as of 
        the date of enactment of the Intermodal Surface Transportation 
        Efficiency Act of 1998, shall be retained, except that the 
        boundaries may be adjusted by agreement of the affected 
        metropolitan planning organizations and Governors in the manner 
        described in subsection (b)(2).
            ``(4) New metropolitan planning areas in nonattainment.--In 
        the case of an urbanized area designated after the date of 
        enactment of the Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency 
        Act of 1998 as a nonattainment area for ozone or carbon 
        monoxide, the boundaries of the metropolitan planning area--
                    ``(A) shall be established by agreement between the 
                appropriate units of general purpose local government 
                (including the central city) and the Governor;
                    ``(B) shall encompass at least the urbanized area 
                and the contiguous area expected to become urbanized 
                within a 20-year forecast period;
                    ``(C) may encompass the entire metropolitan 
                statistical area or consolidated metropolitan 
                statistical area, as defined by the Bureau of the 
                Census; and
                    ``(D) may address any nonattainment area identified 
                under the Clean Air Act (42 U.S.C. 7401 et seq.) for 
                ozone or carbon monoxide.
    ``(d) Coordination in Multistate Areas.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall encourage each 
        Governor with responsibility for a portion of a multistate 
        metropolitan area and the appropriate metropolitan planning 
        organizations to provide coordinated transportation planning 
        for the entire metropolitan area.
            ``(2) Interstate compacts.--The consent of Congress is 
        granted to any 2 or more States--
                    ``(A) to enter into agreements or compacts, not in 
                conflict with any law of the United States, for 
                cooperative efforts and mutual assistance in support of 
                activities authorized under this section as the 
                activities pertain to interstate areas and localities 
                within the States; and
                    ``(B) to establish such agencies, joint or 
                otherwise, as the States may determine desirable for 
                making the agreements and compacts effective.
            ``(3) Lake tahoe region.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall--
                            ``(i) establish with the Federal land 
                        management agencies that have jurisdiction over 
                        land in the Lake Tahoe region (as defined in 
                        the Lake Tahoe Regional Planning Compact) a 
                        transportation planning process for the region; 
                        and
                            ``(ii) coordinate the transportation 
                        planning process with the planning process 
                        required of State and local governments under 
                        this section, section 135, and chapter 53 of 
                        title 49.
                    ``(B) Interstate compact.--
                            ``(i) In general.--Subject to clause (ii), 
                        notwithstanding subsection (b), to carry out 
                        the transportation planning process required by 
                        this section, the consent of Congress is 
                        granted to the States of California and Nevada 
                        to designate a metropolitan planning 
                        organization for the Lake Tahoe region, by 
                        agreement between the Governors of the States 
                        of California and Nevada and units of general 
                        purpose local government that together 
                        represent at least 75 percent of the affected 
                        population (including the central city or 
                        cities (as defined by the Bureau of the 
                        Census)), or in accordance with procedures 
                        established by applicable State or local law.
                            ``(ii) Involvement of federal land 
                        management agencies.--
                                    ``(I) Representation.--The policy 
                                board of a metropolitan planning 
                                organization designated under 
                                subparagraph (A) shall include a 
                                representative of each Federal land 
                                management agency that has jurisdiction 
                                over land in the Lake Tahoe region.
                                    ``(II) Funding.--In addition to 
                                funds made available to the 
                                metropolitan planning organization 
                                under other provisions of this title 
                                and under chapter 53 of title 49, not 
                                more than 1 percent of the funds 
                                allocated under section 202 may be used 
                                to carry out the transportation 
                                planning process for the Lake Tahoe 
                                region under this subparagraph.
                    ``(C) Activities.--
                            ``(i) Highway projects.--Highway projects 
                        included in transportation plans developed 
                        under this paragraph--
                                    ``(I) shall be selected for funding 
                                in a manner that facilitates the 
                                participation of the Federal land 
                                management agencies that have 
                                jurisdiction over land in the Lake 
                                Tahoe region; and
                                    ``(II) may, in accordance with 
                                chapter 2, be funded using funds 
                                allocated under section 202.
                            ``(ii) Transit projects.--Transit projects 
                        included in transportation plans developed 
                        under this paragraph may, in accordance with 
                        chapter 53 of title 49, be funded using amounts 
                        apportioned under that title for--
                                    ``(I) capital project funding, in 
                                order to accelerate completion of the 
                                transit projects; and
                                    ``(II) operating assistance, in 
                                order to pay the operating costs of the 
                                transit projects, including operating 
                                costs associated with unique 
                                circumstances in the Lake Tahoe region, 
                                such as seasonal fluctuations in 
                                passenger loadings, adverse weather 
                                conditions, and increasing intermodal 
                                needs.
    ``(e) Coordination of Metropolitan Planning Organizations.--If more 
than 1 metropolitan planning organization has authority within a 
metropolitan planning area or an area that is designated as a 
nonattainment area for ozone or carbon monoxide under the Clean Air Act 
(42 U.S.C. 7401 et seq.), each such metropolitan planning organization 
shall consult with the other metropolitan planning organizations 
designated for the area and the State in the development of plans and 
programs required by this section.
    ``(f) Scope of Planning Process.--The metropolitan transportation 
planning process for a metropolitan area under this section shall 
consider the following:
            ``(1) Supporting the economic vitality of the metropolitan 
        area, especially by enabling global competitiveness, 
        productivity, and efficiency.
            ``(2) Increasing the safety and security of the 
        transportation system for motorized and nonmotorized users.
            ``(3) Increasing the accessibility and mobility options 
        available to people and for freight.
            ``(4) Protecting and enhancing the environment, promoting 
        energy conservation, and improving quality of life through land 
        use planning.
            ``(5) Enhancing the integration and connectivity of the 
        transportation system, across and between modes, for people and 
        freight.
            ``(6) Promoting efficient system management and operation.
            ``(7) Emphasizing the preservation of the existing 
        transportation system.
    ``(g) Development of Long-Range Transportation Plan.--
            ``(1) In general.--
                    ``(A) Development.--In accordance with this 
                subsection, each metropolitan planning organization 
                shall develop, and update periodically, according to a 
                schedule that the Secretary determines to be 
                appropriate, a long-range transportation plan for its 
                metropolitan area.
                    ``(B) Forecast period.--In developing long-range 
                transportation plans, the metropolitan planning process 
                shall address--
                            ``(i) the considerations under subsection 
                        (f); and
                            ``(ii) any State or local goals developed 
                        within the cooperative metropolitan planning 
                        process;
                as they relate to a 20-year forecast period and to 
                other forecast periods as determined by the 
                participants in the planning process.
                    ``(C) Funding estimates.--For the purpose of 
                developing the long-range transportation plan, the 
                State shall consult with the metropolitan planning 
                organization and each public transit agency in 
                developing estimates of funds that are reasonably 
                expected to be available to support plan 
                implementation.
            ``(2) Long-range transportation plan.--A long-range 
        transportation plan under this subsection shall, at a minimum, 
        contain--
                    ``(A) an identification of transportation 
                facilities (including major roadways and transit, 
                multimodal, and intermodal facilities) that should 
                function as a future integrated transportation system, 
                giving emphasis to those facilities that serve 
                important national, regional, and metropolitan 
                transportation functions;
                    ``(B) an identification of transportation 
                strategies necessary to--
                            ``(i) ensure preservation, including 
                        requirements for management, operation, 
                        modernization, and rehabilitation, of the 
                        existing and future transportation system; and
                            ``(ii) make the most efficient use of 
                        existing transportation facilities to relieve 
                        congestion, to efficiently serve the mobility 
                        needs of people and goods, and to enhance 
                        access within the metropolitan planning area; 
                        and
                    ``(C) a financial plan that demonstrates how the 
                long-range transportation plan can be implemented, 
                indicates total resources from public and private 
                sources that are reasonably expected to be available to 
                carry out the plan (without any requirement for 
                indicating project-specific funding sources), and 
                recommends any additional financing strategies for 
                needed projects and programs.
            ``(3) Coordination with clean air act agencies.--In 
        metropolitan areas that are in nonattainment for ozone or 
        carbon monoxide under the Clean Air Act (42 U.S.C. 7401 et 
        seq.), the metropolitan planning organization shall coordinate 
        the development of a long-range transportation plan with the 
        process for development of the transportation control measures 
        of the State implementation plan required by that Act.
            ``(4) Participation by interested parties.--Before adopting 
        a long-range transportation plan, each metropolitan planning 
        organization shall provide citizens, affected public agencies, 
        representatives of transportation agency employees, freight 
        shippers, private providers of transportation, and other 
        interested parties with a reasonable opportunity to comment on 
        the long-range transportation plan.
            ``(5) Publication of long-range transportation plan.--Each 
        long-range transportation plan prepared by a metropolitan 
        planning organization shall be--
                    ``(A) published or otherwise made readily available 
                for public review; and
                    ``(B) submitted for information purposes to the 
                Governor at such times and in such manner as the 
                Secretary shall establish.
    ``(h) Metropolitan Transportation Improvement Program.--
            ``(1) Development.--
                    ``(A) In general.--In cooperation with the State 
                and any affected public transit operator, the 
                metropolitan planning organization designated for a 
                metropolitan area shall develop a transportation 
                improvement program for the area for which the 
                organization is designated.
                    ``(B) Opportunity for comment.--In developing the 
                program, the metropolitan planning organization, in 
                cooperation with the State and any affected public 
                transit operator, shall provide citizens, affected 
                public agencies, representatives of transportation 
                agency employees, other affected employee 
                representatives, freight shippers, private providers of 
                transportation, and other interested parties with a 
                reasonable opportunity to comment on the proposed 
                program.
                    ``(C) Funding estimates.--For the purpose of 
                developing the transportation improvement program, the 
                metropolitan planning organization, public transit 
                agency, and State shall cooperatively develop estimates 
                of funds that are reasonably expected to be available 
                to support program implementation.
                    ``(D) Updating and approval.--The program shall be 
                updated at least once every 2 years and shall be 
                approved by the metropolitan planning organization and 
                the Governor.
            ``(2) Contents.--The transportation improvement program 
        shall include--
                    ``(A) a list, in order of priority, of proposed 
                federally supported projects and strategies to be 
                carried out within each 3-year-period after the initial 
                adoption of the transportation improvement program; and
                    ``(B) a financial plan that--
                            ``(i) demonstrates how the transportation 
                        improvement program can be implemented;
                            ``(ii) indicates resources from public and 
                        private sources that are reasonably expected to 
                        be available to carry out the program (without 
                        any requirement for indicating project-specific 
                        funding sources); and
                            ``(iii) identifies innovative financing 
                        techniques to finance projects, programs, and 
                        strategies (without any requirement for 
                        indicating project-specific funding sources).
            ``(3) Included projects.--
                    ``(A) Chapter 1 and chapter 53 projects.--A 
                transportation improvement program developed under this 
                subsection for a metropolitan area shall include the 
                projects and strategies within the area that are 
                proposed for funding under chapter 1 of this title and 
                chapter 53 of title 49.
                    ``(B) Chapter 2 projects.--
                            ``(i) Regionally significant projects.--
                        Regionally significant projects proposed for 
                        funding under chapter 2 of this title shall be 
                        identified individually in the transportation 
                        improvement program.
                            ``(ii) Other projects.--Projects proposed 
                        for funding under chapter 2 of this title that 
                        are not determined to be regionally significant 
                        shall be grouped in 1 line item or identified 
                        individually in the transportation improvement 
                        program.
                    ``(C) Consistency with long-range transportation 
                plan.--Each project shall be consistent with the long-
                range transportation plan developed under subsection 
                (g) for the area.
                    ``(D) Requirement of anticipated full funding.--The 
                program shall include a project, or an identified phase 
                of a project, only if full funding can reasonably be 
                anticipated to be available for the project within the 
                time period contemplated for completion of the project.
            ``(4) Notice and comment.--Before approving a 
        transportation improvement program, a metropolitan planning 
        organization shall, in cooperation with the State and any 
        affected public transit operator, provide citizens, affected 
        public agencies, representatives of transportation agency 
        employees, private providers of transportation, and other 
        interested parties with reasonable notice of and an opportunity 
        to comment on the proposed program.
            ``(5) Selection of projects.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Except as otherwise provided in 
                subsection (i)(4) and in addition to the transportation 
                improvement program development required under 
                paragraph (1), the selection of federally funded 
                projects for implementation in metropolitan areas shall 
                be carried out, from the approved transportation 
                improvement program--
                            ``(i) by--
                                    ``(I) in the case of projects under 
                                chapter 1, the State; and
                                    ``(II) in the case of projects 
                                under chapter 53 of title 49, the 
                                designated transit funding recipients; 
                                and
                            ``(ii) in cooperation with the metropolitan 
                        planning organization.
                    ``(B) Modifications to project priority.--
                Notwithstanding any other provision of law, action by 
                the Secretary shall not be required to advance a 
                project included in the approved transportation 
                improvement program in place of another project of 
                higher priority in the program.
    ``(i) Transportation Management Areas.--
            ``(1) Designation.--
                    ``(A) Required designations.--The Secretary shall 
                designate as a transportation management area each 
                urbanized area with a population of over 200,000 
                individuals.
                    ``(B) Designations on request.--The Secretary shall 
                designate any additional area as a transportation 
                management area on the request of the Governor and the 
                metropolitan planning organization designated for the 
                area.
            ``(2) Transportation plans and programs.--Within a 
        transportation management area, transportation plans and 
        programs shall be based on a continuing and comprehensive 
        transportation planning process carried out by the metropolitan 
        planning organization in cooperation with the State and any 
        affected public transit operator.
            ``(3) Congestion management system.--Within a 
        transportation management area, the transportation planning 
        process under this section shall include a congestion 
        management system that provides for effective management of new 
        and existing transportation facilities eligible for funding 
        under this title and chapter 53 of title 49 through the use of 
        travel demand reduction and operational management strategies.
            ``(4) Selection of projects.--
                    ``(A) In general.--In addition to the 
                transportation improvement program development required 
                under subsection (h)(1), all federally funded projects 
                carried out within the boundaries of a transportation 
                management area under this title (excluding projects 
                carried out on the National Highway System) or under 
                chapter 53 of title 49 shall be selected for 
                implementation from the approved transportation 
                improvement program by the metropolitan planning 
                organization designated for the area in consultation 
                with the State and any affected public transit 
                operator.
                    ``(B) National highway system projects.--Projects 
                carried out within the boundaries of a transportation 
                management area on the National Highway System shall be 
                selected for implementation from the approved 
                transportation improvement program by the State in 
                cooperation with the metropolitan planning organization 
                designated for the area.
            ``(5) Certification.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall--
                            ``(i) ensure that the metropolitan planning 
                        process in each transportation management area 
                        is being carried out in accordance with 
                        applicable provisions of Federal law; and
                            ``(ii) subject to subparagraph (B), 
                        certify, not less often than once every 3 
                        years, that the requirements of this paragraph 
                        are met with respect to the transportation 
                        management area.
                    ``(B) Requirements for certification.--The 
                Secretary may make the certification under subparagraph 
                (A) if--
                            ``(i) the transportation planning process 
                        complies with the requirements of this section 
                        and other applicable requirements of Federal 
                        law;
                            ``(ii) there is a transportation 
                        improvement program for the area that has been 
                        approved by the metropolitan planning 
                        organization and the Governor;
                            ``(iii) the public has been given adequate 
                        opportunity during the certification process to 
                        comment on--
                                    ``(I) the public participation 
                                process conducted by the metropolitan 
                                planning organization; and
                                    ``(II) the extent to which the 
                                transportation improvement program for 
                                the metropolitan area takes into 
                                account the needs of the entire 
                                metropolitan area, including the needs 
                                of low and moderate income residents, 
                                and the requirement of title VI of the 
                                Civil Rights Act; and
                            ``(iv) public comments are--
                                    ``(I) included in the documentation 
                                supporting the metropolitan planning 
                                organization's request for 
                                certification; and
                                    ``(II) made publicly available.
                    ``(C) Effect of failure to certify.--
                            ``(i) Withholding of funds.--If a 
                        metropolitan planning process is not certified, 
                        the Secretary may withhold up to 20 percent of 
                        the apportioned funds attributable to the 
                        transportation management area under this title 
                        and chapter 53 of title 49.
                            ``(ii) Restoration of withheld funds.--The 
                        withheld apportionments shall be restored to 
                        the metropolitan area at such time as the 
                        metropolitan planning organization is certified 
                        by the Secretary.
                            ``(iii) Feasibility of private enterprise 
                        participation.--The Secretary shall not 
                        withhold certification under this paragraph 
                        based on the policies and criteria established 
                        by a metropolitan planning organization or 
                        transit grant recipient for determining the 
                        feasibility of private enterprise participation 
                        in accordance with section 5306(a) of title 49.
    ``(j) Abbreviated Plans and Programs for Certain Areas.--
            ``(1) In general.--Subject to paragraph (2), in the case of 
        a metropolitan area not designated as a transportation 
        management area under this section, the Secretary may provide 
        for the development of an abbreviated metropolitan 
        transportation plan and program that the Secretary determines 
        is appropriate to achieve the purposes of this section, taking 
        into account the complexity of transportation problems in the 
        area.
            ``(2) Nonattainment areas.--The Secretary may not permit 
        abbreviated plans or programs for a metropolitan area that is 
        in nonattainment for ozone or carbon monoxide under the Clean 
        Air Act (42 U.S.C. 7401 et seq.).
    ``(k) Additional Requirements for Certain Nonattainment Areas.--
            ``(1) In general.--Notwithstanding any other provision of 
        this title or chapter 53 of title 49, in the case of a 
        transportation management area classified as nonattainment for 
        ozone or carbon monoxide under the Clean Air Act (42 U.S.C. 
        7401 et seq.), Federal funds may not be programmed in the area 
        for any highway project that will result in a significant 
        increase in carrying capacity for single occupant vehicles 
        unless the project results from an approved congestion 
        management system.
            ``(2) Applicability.--This subsection applies to a 
        nonattainment area within the metropolitan planning area 
        boundaries determined under subsection (c).
    ``(l) Limitation.--Nothing in this section confers on a 
metropolitan planning organization the authority to impose any legal 
requirement on any transportation facility, provider, or project not 
eligible for assistance under this title or chapter 53 of title 49.
    ``(m) Funding.--
            ``(1) In general.--Funds set aside under section 104(f) of 
        this title and section 5303 of title 49 shall be available to 
        carry out this section.
            ``(2) Unused funds.--Any funds that are not used to carry 
        out this section may be made available by the metropolitan 
        planning organization to the State to fund activities under 
        section 135.''.
    (b) Technical Amendment.--The analysis for chapter 1 of title 23, 
United States Code, is amended by striking the item relating to section 
134 and inserting the following:

``134. Metropolitan planning.''.

SEC. 1602. STATEWIDE PLANNING.

    (a) In General.--Section 135 of title 23, United States Code, is 
amended to read as follows:
``Sec. 135. Statewide planning
    ``(a) General Requirements.--
            ``(1) Findings.--It is in the national interest to 
        encourage and promote the safe and efficient management, 
        operation, and development of surface transportation systems 
        that will serve the mobility needs of people and freight 
        throughout each State.
            ``(2) Development of plans and programs.--Subject to 
        section 134 of this title and sections 5303 through 5305 of 
        title 49, each State shall develop transportation plans and 
        programs for all areas of the State.
            ``(3) Contents.--The plans and programs for each State 
        shall provide for the development and integrated management and 
        operation of transportation systems (including pedestrian 
        walkways and bicycle transportation facilities) that will 
        function as an intermodal State transportation system and an 
        integral part of the intermodal transportation system of the 
        United States.
            ``(4) Process of development.--The process for developing 
        the plans and programs shall provide for consideration of all 
        modes of transportation and shall be continuing, cooperative, 
        and comprehensive to the degree appropriate, based on the 
        complexity of the transportation problems to be addressed.
    ``(b) Scope of Planning Process.--Each State shall carry out a 
transportation planning process that shall consider the following:
            ``(1) Supporting the economic vitality of the United 
        States, the States, and metropolitan areas, especially by 
        enabling global competitiveness, productivity, and efficiency.
            ``(2) Increasing the safety and security of the 
        transportation system for motorized and nonmotorized users.
            ``(3) Increasing the accessibility and mobility options 
        available to people and for freight.
            ``(4) Protecting and enhancing the environment, promoting 
        energy conservation, and improving quality of life through land 
        use planning.
            ``(5) Enhancing the integration and connectivity of the 
        transportation system, across and between modes throughout the 
        State, for people and freight.
            ``(6) Promoting efficient system management and operation.
            ``(7) Emphasizing the preservation of the existing 
        transportation system.
    ``(c) Coordination With Metropolitan Planning; State Implementation 
Plan.--In carrying out planning under this section, a State shall--
            ``(1) coordinate the planning with the transportation 
        planning activities carried out under section 134 for 
        metropolitan areas of the State; and
            ``(2) carry out the responsibilities of the State for the 
        development of the transportation portion of the State air 
        quality implementation plan to the extent required by the Clean 
        Air Act (42 U.S.C. 7401 et seq.).
    ``(d) Additional Requirements.--In carrying out planning under this 
section, each State shall, at a minimum, consider--
            ``(1) with respect to nonmetropolitan areas, the concerns 
        of local elected officials representing units of general 
        purpose local government;
            ``(2) the concerns of Indian tribal governments and Federal 
        land management agencies that have jurisdiction over land 
        within the boundaries of the State; and
            ``(3) coordination of transportation plans, programs, and 
        planning activities with related planning activities being 
        carried out outside of metropolitan planning areas.
    ``(e) Long-Range Transportation Plan.--
            ``(1) Development.--Each State shall develop a long-range 
        transportation plan, with a minimum 20-year forecast period, 
        for all areas of the State, that provides for the development 
        and implementation of the intermodal transportation system of 
        the State.
            ``(2) Consultation with governments.--
                    ``(A) Metropolitan areas.--With respect to each 
                metropolitan area in the State, the plan shall be 
                developed in cooperation with the metropolitan planning 
                organization designated for the metropolitan area under 
                section 134 of this title and section 5305 of title 49.
                    ``(B) Nonmetropolitan areas.--With respect to each 
                nonmetropolitan area, the plan shall be developed in 
                consultation with local elected officials representing 
                units of general purpose local government.
                    ``(C) Indian tribal areas.--With respect to each 
                area of the State under the jurisdiction of an Indian 
                tribal government, the plan shall be developed in 
                consultation with the tribal government and the 
                Secretary of the Interior.
            ``(3) Participation by interested parties.--In developing 
        the plan, the State shall--
                    ``(A) provide citizens, affected public agencies, 
                representatives of transportation agency employees, 
                other affected employee representatives, freight 
                shippers, private providers of transportation, and 
                other interested parties with a reasonable opportunity 
                to comment on the proposed plan; and
                    ``(B) identify transportation strategies necessary 
                to efficiently serve the mobility needs of people.
    ``(f) State Transportation Improvement Program.--
            ``(1) Development.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The State shall develop a 
                transportation improvement program for all areas of the 
                State.
                    ``(B) Consultation with governments.--
                            ``(i) Metropolitan areas.--With respect to 
                        each metropolitan area in the State, the 
                        program shall be developed in cooperation with 
                        the metropolitan planning organization 
                        designated for the metropolitan area under 
                        section 134 of this title and section 5305 of 
                        title 49.
                            ``(ii) Nonmetropolitan areas.--
                                    ``(I) In general.--With respect to 
                                each nonmetropolitan area in the State, 
                                the program shall be developed in 
                                cooperation with the State, elected 
                                officials of affected local 
                                governments, and elected officials of 
                                subdivisions of affected local 
                                governments that have jurisdiction over 
                                transportation planning, through a 
                                process developed by the State that 
                                ensures participation by the elected 
                                officials.
                                    ``(II) Review.--Not less than once 
                                every 2 years, the Secretary shall 
                                review the planning process through 
                                which the program was developed under 
                                subclause (I).
                                    ``(III) Approval.--The Secretary 
                                shall approve the planning process if 
                                the Secretary finds that the planning 
                                process is consistent with this section 
                                and section 134.
                            ``(iii) Indian tribal areas.--With respect 
                        to each area of the State under the 
                        jurisdiction of an Indian tribal government, 
                        the program shall be developed in consultation 
                        with the tribal government and the Secretary of 
                        the Interior.
                    ``(C) Participation by interested parties.--In 
                developing the program, the Governor shall provide 
                citizens, affected public agencies, representatives of 
                transportation agency employees, other affected 
                employee representatives, freight shippers, private 
                providers of transportation, and other interested 
                parties with a reasonable opportunity to comment on the 
                proposed program.
            ``(2) Included projects.--
                    ``(A) In general.--A transportation improvement 
                program developed under this subsection for a State 
                shall include federally supported surface 
                transportation expenditures within the boundaries of 
                the State.
                    ``(B) Chapter 2 projects.--
                            ``(i) Regionally significant projects.--
                        Regionally significant projects proposed for 
                        funding under chapter 2 shall be identified 
                        individually.
                            ``(ii) Other projects.--Projects proposed 
                        for funding under chapter 2 that are not 
                        determined to be regionally significant shall 
                        be grouped in 1 line item or identified 
                        individually.
                    ``(C) Consistency with long-range transportation 
                plan.--Each project shall--
                            ``(i) be consistent with the long-range 
                        transportation plan developed under this 
                        section for the State;
                            ``(ii) be identical to the project as 
                        described in an approved metropolitan 
                        transportation improvement program; and
                            ``(iii) be in conformance with the 
                        applicable State air quality implementation 
                        plan developed under the Clean Air Act (42 
                        U.S.C. 7401 et seq.), if the project is carried 
                        out in an area designated as nonattainment for 
                        ozone or carbon monoxide under that Act.
                    ``(D) Requirement of anticipated full funding.--
                            ``(i) In general.--The program shall 
                        include a project, or an identified phase of a 
                        project, only if full funding can reasonably be 
                        anticipated to be available for the project 
                        within the time period contemplated for 
                        completion of the project.
                            ``(ii) Limitation.--Clause (i) does not 
                        require the indication of project-specific 
                        funding sources.
                    ``(E) Priorities.--The program shall reflect the 
                priorities for programming and expenditures of funds, 
                including transportation enhancements, required by this 
                title.
            ``(3) Project selection for areas of less than 50,000 
        population.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Projects carried out in areas 
                with populations of less than 50,000 individuals 
                (excluding projects carried out on the National Highway 
                System) shall be selected, from the approved statewide 
                transportation improvement program, by the State in 
                cooperation with the affected local officials.
                    ``(B) National highway system projects.--Projects 
                carried out in areas described in subparagraph (A) on 
                the National Highway System shall be selected, from the 
                approved statewide transportation improvement program, 
                by the State in consultation with the affected local 
                officials.
            ``(4) Biennial review and approval.--A transportation 
        improvement program developed under this subsection shall be 
        reviewed and, on a finding that the planning process through 
        which the program was developed is consistent with this section 
        and section 134, approved not less frequently than biennially 
        by the Secretary.
            ``(5) Modifications to project priority.--Notwithstanding 
        any other provision of law, action by the Secretary shall not 
        be required to advance a project included in the approved 
        statewide transportation improvement program in place of 
        another project of higher priority in the program.
    ``(g) Funding.--Funds set aside under section 505 of this title and 
section 5313(b) of title 49 shall be available to carry out this 
section.
    ``(h) Continuation of Current Review Practice.--Since plans and 
programs described in this section or section 134 are subject to a 
reasonable opportunity for public comment, since individual projects 
included in the plans and programs are subject to review under the 
National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 (42 U.S.C. 4321 et seq.), and 
since decisions by the Secretary concerning plans and programs 
described in this section have not been reviewed under that Act as of 
January 1, 1997, any decision by the Secretary concerning a plan or 
program described in this section or section 134 shall not be 
considered to be a Federal action subject to review under the National 
Environmental Policy Act of 1969 (42 U.S.C. 4321 et seq.).''.
    (b) Redundant Metropolitan Transportation Planning Requirements.--
            (1) Finding.--Congress finds that certain major investment 
        study requirements under section 450.318 of title 23, Code of 
        Federal Regulations, are redundant to the planning and project 
        development processes required under other provisions in titles 
        23 and 49, United States Code.
            (2) Streamlining.--
                    (A) In general.--The Secretary shall streamline the 
                Federal transportation planning and NEPA decision 
                process requirements for all transportation 
                improvements supported with Federal surface 
                transportation funds or requiring Federal approvals, 
                with the objective of reducing the number of documents 
                required and better integrating required analyses and 
                findings wherever possible.
                    (B) Requirements.--The Secretary shall amend 
                regulations as appropriate and develop procedures to--
                            (i) eliminate, within six months of the 
                        date of enactment of this section, the major 
                        investment study under section 450.318 of title 
                        23, Code of Federal Regulations, as a stand-
                        alone requirement independent of other 
                        transportation planning requirements, and 
                        integrate those components of the major 
                        investment study procedure which are not 
                        duplicated elsewhere with other transportation 
                        planning requirements, provided that in 
                        integrating such requirements, the Secretary 
                        shall not apply such requirements to any 
                        project which previously would not have been 
                        subject to section 450.318 of title 23, Code of 
                        Federal Regulations;
                            (ii) eliminate stand-alone report 
                        requirements wherever possible;
                            (iii) prevent duplication by drawing on the 
                        products of the planning process in the 
                        completion of all environmental and other 
                        project development analyses;
                            (iv) reduce project development time by 
                        achieving to the maximum extent practicable a 
                        single public interest decision process for 
                        Federal environmental analyses and clearances; 
                        and
                            (v) expedite and support all phases of 
                        decisionmaking by encouraging and facilitating 
                        the early involvement of metropolitan planning 
                        organizations, State departments of 
                        transportation, transit operators, and Federal 
                        and State environmental resource and permit 
                        agencies throughout the decisionmaking process.
            (3) Savings clause.--Nothing in this subsection shall 
        affect the responsibility of the Secretary to conform review 
        requirements for transit projects under the National 
        Environmental Policy Act of 1969 to comparable requirements 
        under such Act applicable to highway projects.

SEC. 1603. ADVANCED TRAVEL FORECASTING PROCEDURES PROGRAM.

    (a) Establishment.--The Secretary shall establish an advanced 
travel forecasting procedures program--
            (1) to provide for completion of the advanced 
        transportation model developed under the Transportation 
        Analysis Simulation System (referred to in this section as 
        ``TRANSIMS''); and
            (2) to provide support for early deployment of the advanced 
        transportation modeling computer software and graphics package 
        developed under TRANSIMS and the program established under this 
        section to States, local governments, and metropolitan planning 
        organizations with responsibility for travel modeling.
    (b) Eligible Activities.--The Secretary shall use funds made 
available under this section to--
            (1) provide funding for completion of core development of 
        the advanced transportation model;
            (2) develop user-friendly advanced transportation modeling 
        computer software and graphics packages;
            (3) provide training and technical assistance with respect 
        to the implementation and application of the advanced 
        transportation model to States, local governments, and 
        metropolitan planning organizations with responsibility for 
        travel modeling; and
            (4) allocate funds to not more than 12 entities described 
        in paragraph (3), representing a diversity of populations and 
        geographic regions, for a pilot program to enable 
        transportation management areas designated under section 134(i) 
        of title 23, United States Code, to convert from the use of 
        travel forecasting procedures in use by the areas as of the 
        date of enactment of this Act to the use of the advanced 
        transportation model.
    (c) Authorization of Contract Authority.--
            (1) In general.--There shall be available from the Highway 
        Trust Fund (other than the Mass Transit Account) to carry out 
        this section $4,000,000 for fiscal year 1998, $3,000,000 for 
        fiscal year 1999, $6,500,000 for fiscal year 2000, $5,000,000 
        for fiscal year 2001, $4,000,000 for fiscal year 2002, and 
        $2,500,000 for fiscal year 2003.
            (2) Allocation of funds.--
                    (A) Fiscal years 1998 and 1999.--For each of fiscal 
                years 1998 and 1999, 100 percent of the funds made 
                available under paragraph (1) shall be allocated to 
                activities in described in paragraphs (1), (2), and (3) 
                of subsection (b).
                    (B) Fiscal years 2000 through 2003.--For each of 
                fiscal years 2000 through 2003, not more than 50 
                percent of the funds made available under paragraph (1) 
                may be allocated to activities described in subsection 
                (b)(4).
            (3) Contract authority.--Funds authorized under this 
        subsection shall be available for obligation in the same manner 
        as if the funds were apportioned under chapter 1 of title 23, 
        United States Code, except that the Federal share of the cost 
        of--
                    (A) any activity described in paragraph (1), (2), 
                or (3) of subsection (b) shall not exceed 100 percent; 
                and
                    (B) any activity described in subsection (b)(4) 
                shall not exceed 80 percent.

SEC. 1604. TRANSPORTATION AND COMMUNITY AND SYSTEM PRESERVATION PILOT 
              PROGRAM.

    (a) Establishment.--In cooperation with appropriate State, 
regional, and local governments, the Secretary shall establish a 
comprehensive initiative to investigate and address the relationships 
between transportation and community and system preservation.
    (b) Research.--
            (1) In general.--In cooperation with appropriate Federal 
        agencies, State, regional, and local governments, and other 
        entities eligible for assistance under subsection (d), the 
        Secretary shall carry out a comprehensive research program to 
        investigate the relationships between transportation, community 
        preservation, and the environment.
            (2) Required elements.--The program shall provide for 
        monitoring and analysis of projects carried out with funds made 
        available to carry out subsections (c) and (d).
    (c) Planning.--
            (1) In general.--The Secretary shall allocate funds made 
        available to carry out this subsection to States, metropolitan 
        planning organizations, and local governments to plan, develop, 
        and implement strategies to integrate transportation and 
        community and system preservation plans and practices.
            (2) Purposes.--The purposes of the allocations shall be--
                    (A) to improve the efficiency of the transportation 
                system;
                    (B) to reduce the impacts of transportation on the 
                environment;
                    (C) to reduce the need for costly future 
                investments in public infrastructure; and
                    (D) to provide efficient access to jobs, services, 
                and centers of trade.
            (3) Criteria.--In allocating funds made available to carry 
        out this subsection, the Secretary shall give priority to 
        applicants that--
                    (A) propose projects for funding that address the 
                purposes described in paragraph (2);
                    (B) demonstrate a commitment to public involvement, 
                including involvement of nontraditional partners in the 
                project team; and
                    (C) demonstrate a commitment of non-Federal 
                resources to the proposed projects.
    (d) Allocation of Funds for Implementation.--
            (1) In general.--The Secretary shall allocate funds made 
        available to carry out this subsection to States, metropolitan 
        planning organizations, and local governments to carry out 
        projects to address transportation efficiency and community and 
        system preservation.
            (2) Criteria.--In allocating funds made available to carry 
        out this subsection, the Secretary shall give priority to 
        applicants that--
                    (A) have instituted preservation or development 
                plans and programs that--
                            (i) meet the requirements of title 23 and 
                        chapter 53 of title 49, United States Code; and
                            (ii) are--
                                    (I) coordinated with adopted 
                                preservation or development plans; or
                                    (II) intended to promote cost-
                                effective and strategic investments in 
                                transportation infrastructure that 
                                minimize adverse impacts on the 
                                environment;
                    (B) have instituted other policies to integrate 
                transportation and community and system preservation 
                practices, such as--
                            (i) spending policies that direct funds to 
                        high-growth areas;
                            (ii) urban growth boundaries to guide 
                        metropolitan expansion;
                            (iii) ``green corridors'' programs that 
                        provide access to major highway corridors for 
                        areas targeted for efficient and compact 
                        development; or
                            (iv) other similar programs or policies as 
                        determined by the Secretary;
                    (C) have preservation or development policies that 
                include a mechanism for reducing potential impacts of 
                transportation activities on the environment; and
                    (D) propose projects for funding that address the 
                purposes described in subsection (c)(2).
            (3) Equitable distribution.--In allocating funds to carry 
        out this subsection, the Secretary shall ensure the equitable 
        distribution of funds to a diversity of populations and 
        geographic regions.
            (4) Use of allocated funds.--
                    (A) In general.--An allocation of funds made 
                available to carry out this subsection shall be used by 
                the recipient to implement the projects proposed in the 
                application to the Secretary.
                    (B) Types of projects.--The allocation of funds 
                shall be available for obligation for--
                            (i) any project eligible for funding under 
                        title 23 or chapter 53 of title 49, United 
                        States Code; or
                            (ii) any other activity relating to 
                        transportation and community and system 
                        preservation that the Secretary determines to 
                        be appropriate, including corridor preservation 
                        activities that are necessary to implement--
                                    (I) transit-oriented development 
                                plans;
                                    (II) traffic calming measures; or
                                    (III) other coordinated 
                                transportation and community and system 
                                preservation practices.
    (e) Authorization of Contract Authority.--
            (1) In general.--There shall be available from the Highway 
        Trust Fund (other than the Mass Transit Account) to carry out 
        this section $20,000,000 for each of fiscal years 1998 through 
        2003.
            (2) Contract authority.--Funds authorized under this 
        subsection shall be available for obligation in the same manner 
        as if the funds were apportioned under chapter 1 of title 23, 
        United States Code.

                   Subtitle G--Technical Corrections

SEC. 1701. FEDERAL-AID SYSTEMS.

    (a) In General.--Section 103 of title 23, United States Code, is 
amended to read as follows:
``Sec. 103. Federal-aid systems
    ``(a) In General.--For the purposes of this title, the Federal-aid 
systems are the Interstate System and the National Highway System.
    ``(b) National Highway System.--
            ``(1) Description.--The National Highway System consists of 
        an interconnected system of major routes and connectors that--
                    ``(A) serve major population centers, international 
                border crossings, ports, airports, public 
                transportation facilities, and other intermodal 
                transportation facilities and other major travel 
                destinations;
                    ``(B) meet national defense requirements; and
                    ``(C) serve interstate and interregional travel.
            ``(2) Components.--The National Highway System consists of 
        the following:
                    ``(A) The Interstate System described in subsection 
                (c).
                    ``(B) Other urban and rural principal arterial 
                routes.
                    ``(C) Other connector highways (including toll 
                facilities) that provide motor vehicle access between 
                arterial routes on the National Highway System and a 
                major intermodal transportation facility.
                    ``(D) A strategic highway network consisting of a 
                network of highways that are important to the United 
                States strategic defense policy and that provide 
                defense access, continuity, and emergency capabilities 
                for the movement of personnel, materials, and equipment 
                in both peacetime and wartime. The highways may be 
                highways on or off the Interstate System and shall be 
                designated by the Secretary in consultation with 
                appropriate Federal agencies and the States.
                    ``(E) Major strategic highway network connectors 
                consisting of highways that provide motor vehicle 
                access between major military installations and 
                highways that are part of the strategic highway 
                network. The highways shall be designated by the 
                Secretary in consultation with appropriate Federal 
                agencies and the States.
            ``(3) Maximum mileage.--The mileage of highways on the 
        National Highway System shall not exceed 178,250 miles.
            ``(4) Modifications to nhs.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The Secretary may make any 
                modification, including any modification consisting of 
                a connector to a major intermodal terminal, to the 
                National Highway System that is proposed by a State or 
                that is proposed by a State and revised by the 
                Secretary if the Secretary determines that the 
                modification--
                            ``(i) meets the criteria established for 
                        the National Highway System under this title; 
                        and
                            ``(ii) enhances the national transportation 
                        characteristics of the National Highway System.
                    ``(B) Cooperation.--
                            ``(i) In general.--In proposing a 
                        modification under this paragraph, a State 
                        shall cooperate with local and regional 
                        officials.
                            ``(ii) Urbanized areas.--In an urbanized 
                        area, the local officials shall act through the 
                        metropolitan planning organization designated 
                        for the area under section 134.
    ``(c) Interstate System.--
            ``(1) Description.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The Dwight D. Eisenhower 
                National System of Interstate and Defense Highways 
                within the United States (including the District of 
                Columbia and Puerto Rico), consists of highways--
                            ``(i) designed--
                                    ``(I) in accordance with the 
                                standards of section 109(b); or
                                    ``(II) in the case of highways in 
                                Alaska and Puerto Rico, in accordance 
                                with such geometric and construction 
                                standards as are adequate for current 
                                and probable future traffic demands and 
                                the needs of the locality of the 
                                highway; and
                            ``(ii) located so as--
                                    ``(I) to connect by routes, as 
                                direct as practicable, the principal 
                                metropolitan areas, cities, and 
                                industrial centers;
                                    ``(II) to serve the national 
                                defense; and
                                    ``(III) to the maximum extent 
                                practicable, to connect at suitable 
                                border points with routes of 
                                continental importance in Canada and 
                                Mexico.
                    ``(B) Selection of routes.--To the maximum extent 
                practicable, each route of the Interstate System shall 
                be selected by joint action of the State transportation 
                departments of the State in which the route is located 
                and the adjoining States, in cooperation with local and 
                regional officials, and subject to the approval of the 
                Secretary.
            ``(2) Maximum mileage.--The mileage of highways on the 
        Interstate System shall not exceed 43,000 miles, exclusive of 
        designations under paragraph (4).
            ``(3) Modifications.--The Secretary may approve or require 
        modifications to the Interstate System in a manner consistent 
        with the policies and procedures established under this 
        subsection.
            ``(4) Interstate system designations.--
                    ``(A) Additions.--If the Secretary determines that 
                a highway on the National Highway System meets all 
                standards of a highway on the Interstate System and 
                that the highway is a logical addition or connection to 
                the Interstate System, the Secretary may, upon the 
                affirmative recommendation of the State or States in 
                which the highway is located, designate the highway as 
                a route on the Interstate System.
                    ``(B) Designations as future interstate system 
                routes.--
                            ``(i) In general.--If the Secretary 
                        determines that a highway on the National 
                        Highway System would be a logical addition or 
                        connection to the Interstate System and would 
                        qualify for designation as a route on the 
                        Interstate System under subparagraph (A), the 
                        Secretary may, upon the affirmative 
                        recommendation of the State or States in which 
                        the highway is located, designate the highway 
                        as a future Interstate System route.
                            ``(ii) Written agreement of states.--A 
                        designation under clause (i) shall be made only 
                        upon the written agreement of the State or 
                        States described in that clause that the 
                        highway will be constructed to meet all 
                        standards of a highway on the Interstate System 
                        by the date that is 12 years after the date of 
                        the agreement.
                            ``(iii) Removal of designation.--
                                    ``(I) In general.--If the State or 
                                States described in clause (i) have not 
                                substantially completed the 
                                construction of a highway designated 
                                under this subparagraph within the time 
                                provided for in the agreement between 
                                the Secretary and the State or States 
                                under clause (ii), the Secretary shall 
                                remove the designation of the highway 
                                as a future Interstate System route.
                                    ``(II) Effect of removal.--Removal 
                                of the designation of a highway under 
                                subclause (I) shall not preclude the 
                                Secretary from designating the highway 
                                as a route on the Interstate System 
                                under subparagraph (A) or under any 
                                other provision of law providing for 
                                addition to the Interstate System.
                            ``(iv) Prohibition on referral as 
                        interstate system route.--No law, rule, 
                        regulation, map, document, or other record of 
                        the United States, or of any State or political 
                        subdivision of a State, shall refer to any 
                        highway designated as a future Interstate 
                        System route under this subparagraph, nor shall 
                        any such highway be signed or marked, as a 
                        highway on the Interstate System until such 
                        time as the highway is constructed to the 
                        geometric and construction standards for the 
                        Interstate System and has been designated as a 
                        route on the Interstate System.
                    ``(C) Financial responsibility.--
                            ``(i) In general.--Except as provided in 
                        clause (ii), the designation of a highway under 
                        this paragraph shall create no additional 
                        Federal financial responsibility with respect 
                        to the highway.
                            ``(ii) Certain highways.--Subject to 
                        section 119(b)(1)(B), a State may use funds 
                        available to the State under section 104(b)(1) 
                        for the resurfacing, restoration, 
                        rehabilitation, and reconstruction of a 
                        highway--
                                    ``(I) designated before March 9, 
                                1984, as a route on the Interstate 
                                System under subparagraph (A) or as a 
                                future Interstate System route under 
                                subparagraph (B); or
                                    ``(II) designated under 
                                subparagraph (A) and located in Alaska 
                                or Puerto Rico.
    ``(d) Transfer of Interstate Construction Funds.--
            ``(1) Interstate construction funds not in surplus.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Upon application by a State and 
                approval by the Secretary, the Secretary may transfer 
                to the apportionment of the State under section 
                104(b)(1) any amount of funds apportioned to the State 
                under section 104(b)(5)(A) (as in effect on the day 
                before the date of enactment of the Intermodal Surface 
                Transportation Efficiency Act of 1998), if the amount 
                does not exceed the Federal share of the costs of 
                construction of segments of the Interstate System in 
                the State included in the most recent Interstate System 
                cost estimate.
                    ``(B) Effect of transfer.--Upon transfer of an 
                amount under subparagraph (A), the construction on 
                which the amount is based, as included in the most 
                recent Interstate System cost estimate, shall be 
                ineligible for funding under section 104(b)(5)(A) (as 
                in effect on the day before the date of enactment of 
                the Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 
                1998) or 104(k).
            ``(2) Surplus interstate construction funds.--Upon 
        application by a State and approval by the Secretary, the 
        Secretary may transfer to the apportionment of the State under 
        section 104(b)(1) any amount of surplus funds apportioned to 
        the State under section 104(b)(5)(A) (as in effect on the day 
        before the date of enactment of the Intermodal Surface 
        Transportation Efficiency Act of 1998), if the State has fully 
        financed all work eligible under the most recent Interstate 
        System cost estimate.
            ``(3) Applicability of certain laws.--Funds transferred 
        under this subsection shall be subject to the laws (including 
        regulations, policies, and procedures) relating to the 
        apportionment to which the funds are transferred.
    ``(e) Unobligated Balances of Interstate Substitute Funds.--
Unobligated balances of funds apportioned to a State under section 
103(e)(4)(H) (as in effect on the day before the date of enactment of 
the Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1998) shall be 
available for obligation by the State under the law (including 
regulations, policies, and procedures) relating to the obligation and 
expenditure of the funds in effect on that date.''.
    (b) Conforming Amendments.--
            (1)(A) Section 101(a) of title 23, United States Code, is 
        amended in the undesignated paragraph defining ``Interstate 
        System'' by striking ``subsection (e) of section 103 of this 
        title'' and inserting ``section 103(c)''.
            (B) Section 104(f)(1) of title 23, United States Code, is 
        amended by striking ``, except that'' and all that follows 
        through ``programs''.
            (C) Section 115(a) of title 23, United States Code, is 
        amended--
                    (i) in the subsection heading, by striking 
                ``Substitute,''; and
                    (ii) in paragraph (1)(A)(i), by striking 
                ``103(e)(4)(H),'';
            (D) Section 118 of title 23, United States Code (as amended 
        by section 1118(b)), is amended--
                    (i) by striking subsection (d); and
                    (ii) by redesignating subsections (e), (f), and (g) 
                (as added by section 1103(d)) as subsections (c), (d), 
                and (e), respectively.
            (E) Section 129(b) of title 23, United States Code, is 
        amended in the first sentence by striking ``which has been'' 
        and all that follows through ``and has not'' and inserting 
        ``which is a public road and has not''.
            (2)(A) Section 139 of title 23, United States Code, is 
        repealed.
            (B) The analysis for chapter 1 of title 23, United States 
        Code, is amended by striking the item relating to section 139.
            (C) Section 119(a) of title 23, United States Code, is 
        amended in the first sentence--
                    (i) by striking ``sections 103 and 139(c) of this 
                title'' and inserting ``section 103(c)(1) and, in 
                Alaska and Puerto Rico, under section 103(c)(4)(A)''; 
                and
                    (ii) by striking ``section 139 (a) and (b) of this 
                title'' and inserting ``subparagraphs (A) and (B) of 
                section 103(c)(4)''.
            (D) Section 127(f) of title 23, United States Code, is 
        amended by striking ``section 139(a)'' and inserting ``section 
        103(c)(4)(A)''.
            (E) Section 1105(e)(5) of the Intermodal Surface 
        Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 (109 Stat. 597) is 
        amended by striking subparagraph (B) and inserting the 
        following:
                    ``(B) Treatment of segments.--Subject to 
                subparagraph (C), segments designated as parts of the 
                Interstate System under this paragraph shall be treated 
                in the same manner as segments designated under section 
                103(c)(4)(A) of title 23, United States Code.''.

SEC. 1702. MISCELLANEOUS TECHNICAL CORRECTIONS.

    (a) Definitions and Declaration of Policy.--
            (1) Creation of policy section.--Section 102 of title 23, 
        United States Code, is amended--
                    (A) by striking the section heading and inserting 
                the following:
``Sec. 102. Declaration of policy'';
                    (B) by redesignating subsection (a) as subsection 
                (c) and moving that subsection to the end of section 
                146; and
                    (C) by redesignating subsection (b) as subsection 
                (f) and moving that subsection to the end of section 
                118 (as amended by section 1701(b)(1)(D)(ii)).
            (2) Transfer of policy provisions.--Section 101 of title 
        23, United States Code, is amended--
                    (A) by striking the section heading and inserting 
                the following:
``Sec. 101. Definitions'';
                    (B) in subsection (a), by striking ``(a)'';
                    (C) by striking subsection (b); and
                    (D) by redesignating subsections (c) through (e) as 
                subsections (a) through (c), respectively, and moving 
                those subsections to section 102 (as amended by 
                paragraph (1)).
            (3) Conforming amendments.--
                    (A) The analysis for chapter 1 of title 23, United 
                States Code, is amended by striking the items relating 
                to sections 101 and 102 and inserting the following:

``101. Definitions.
``102. Declaration of policy.''.
                    (B) Section 47107(j)(1)(B) of title 49, United 
                States Code, is amended by striking ``section 101(a)'' 
                and inserting ``section 101''.
    (b) Advance Construction.--Section 115 of title 23, United States 
Code, is amended--
            (1) in subsection (b)--
                    (A) by striking ``Projects'' and all that follows 
                through ``When a State'' and inserting ``Projects.--
                When a State'';
                    (B) by striking paragraphs (2) and (3); and
                    (C) by redesignating subparagraphs (A) and (B) as 
                paragraphs (1) and (2), respectively, and indenting 
                appropriately;
            (2) by striking subsection (c);
            (3) in subsection (d), by striking ``section 135(f)'' and 
        inserting ``section 135''; and
            (4) by redesignating subsection (d) as subsection (c).
    (c) Maintenance.--Section 116 of title 23, United States Code, is 
amended--
            (1) in subsection (a), by striking the second sentence;
            (2) by striking subsection (b);
            (3) in subsection (c)--
                    (A) in the first sentence, by striking ``he'' and 
                inserting ``the Secretary''; and
                    (B) in the second sentence, by striking ``further 
                projects'' and inserting ``further expenditure of 
                Federal-aid highway funds''; and
            (4) by redesignating subsections (c) and (d) as subsections 
        (b) and (c), respectively.
    (d) Interstate Maintenance Program.--Section 119(a) of title 23, 
United States Code, is amended in the first sentence by striking ``the 
date of enactment of this sentence'' and inserting ``March 9, 1984''.
    (e) Advances to States.--Section 124 of title 23, United States 
Code, is amended--
            (1) by striking ``(a)''; and
            (2) by striking subsection (b).
    (f) Diversion.--
            (1) In general.--Section 126 of title 23, United States 
        Code, is repealed.
            (2) Conforming amendment.--The analysis for chapter 1 of 
        title 23, United States Code, is amended by striking the item 
        relating to section 126.
    (g) Railway-Highway Crossings.--Section 130(f) of title 23, United 
States Code, is amended by striking ``Apportionment'' and all that 
follows through the first sentence and inserting ``Federal Share.--''.
    (h) Surface Transportation Program.--Section 133(a) of title 23, 
United States Code, is amended by striking ``Establishment.--The 
Secretary shall establish'' and inserting ``In General.--The Secretary 
shall carry out''.
    (i) Control of Junkyards.--Section 136 of title 23, United States 
Code, is amended by striking subsection (m) and inserting the 
following:
    ``(m) Primary System Defined.--For purposes of this section, the 
term `primary system' means the Federal-aid primary system in existence 
on June 1, 1991, and any highway which is not on such system but which 
is on the National Highway System.''.
    (j) Fringe and Corridor Parking Facilities.--Section 137(a) of 
title 23, United States Code, is amended in the first sentence by 
striking ``on the Federal-aid urban system'' and inserting ``on a 
Federal-aid highway''.
    (k) Nondiscrimination.--Section 140 of title 23, United States 
Code, is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a)--
                    (A) in the first sentence, by striking ``subsection 
                (a) of section 105 of this title,'' and inserting 
                ``section 106(a),'';
                    (B) by striking ``he'' each place it appears and 
                inserting ``the Secretary'';
                    (C) in the second sentence, by striking ``He'' and 
                inserting ``The Secretary'';
                    (D) in the third sentence, by striking ``In 
                approving programs for projects on any of the Federal-
                aid systems,'' and inserting ``Before approving any 
                project under section 106(a),''; and
                    (E) in the last sentence, by striking ``him'' and 
                inserting ``the Secretary'';
            (2) by striking subsection (b);
            (3) in the subsection heading of subsection (d), by 
        striking ``and Contracting''; and
            (4) by redesignating subsections (c) and (d) as subsections 
        (b) and (c), respectively.
    (l) Public Transportation.--Section 142(a)(2) of title 23, United 
States Code, is amended by striking ``the the'' and inserting ``the''.
    (m) Priority Primary Routes.--
            (1) In general.--Section 147 of title 23, United States 
        Code, is repealed.
            (2) Conforming amendment.--The analysis for chapter 1 of 
        title 23, United States Code, is amended by striking the item 
        relating to section 147.
    (n) Development of a National Scenic and Recreational Highway.--
            (1) In general.--Section 148 of title 23, United States 
        Code, is repealed.
            (2) Conforming amendment.--The analysis for chapter 1 of 
        title 23, United States Code, is amended by striking the item 
        relating to section 148.
    (o) Hazard Elimination Program.--Section 152(e) of title 23, United 
States Code, is amended by striking ``apportioned to'' in the first 
sentence and all that follows through ``shall be'' in the second 
sentence.
    (p) Access Highways to Public Recreation Areas on Certain Lakes.--
            (1) In general.--Section 155 of title 23, United States 
        Code, is repealed.
            (2) Conforming amendment.--The analysis for chapter 1 of 
        title 23, United States Code, is amended by striking the item 
        relating to section 155.

SEC. 1703. NONDISCRIMINATION.

    (a) In General.--Section 324 of title 23, United States Code, is 
amended--
            (1) by inserting ``(d) Prohibition of Discrimination on the 
        Basis of Sex.--'' before ``No person''; and
            (2) by moving subsection (d) (as designated by paragraph 
        (1)) to the end of section 140 (as amended by section 1702(k)).
    (b) Conforming Amendments.--
            (1) Section 324 of title 23, United States Code, is 
        repealed.
            (2) The analysis for chapter 3 of title 23, United States 
        Code, is amended by striking the item relating to section 324.

SEC. 1704. STATE TRANSPORTATION DEPARTMENT.

    (a) In General.--Section 302 of title 23, United States Code, is 
amended--
            (1) in subsection (a)--
                    (A) by striking ``(a)'';
                    (B) by striking the second sentence; and
                    (C) by adding at the end the following: 
                ``Compliance with this section shall have no effect on 
                the eligibility of costs.''; and
            (2) by striking subsection (b).
    (b) Conforming Amendments.--
            (1) Title 23, United States Code, is amended--
                    (A) by striking ``State highway department'' each 
                place it appears and inserting ``State transportation 
                department''; and
                    (B) by striking ``State highway departments'' each 
                place it appears and inserting ``State transportation 
                departments''.
            (2) The analysis for chapter 3 of title 23, United States 
        Code, is amended in the item relating to section 302 by 
        striking ``highway'' and inserting ``transportation''.
            (3) Section 302 of title 23, United States Code, is amended 
        in the section heading by striking ``highway'' and inserting 
        ``transportation''.
            (4) Section 410(h)(5) of title 23, United States Code, is 
        amended in the paragraph heading by striking ``highway'' and 
        inserting ``transportation''.
            (5) Section 201(b) of the Appalachian Regional Development 
        Act of 1965 (40 U.S.C. App.) is amended in the second sentence 
        by striking ``State highway department'' and inserting ``State 
        transportation department''.
            (6) Section 138(c) of the Surface Transportation Assistance 
        Act of 1978 (40 U.S.C. App. note to section 201 of the 
        Appalachian Regional Development Act of 1965; Public Law 95-
        599) is amended in the first sentence by striking ``State 
        highway department'' and inserting ``State transportation 
        department''.

                  Subtitle H--Miscellaneous Provisions

SEC. 1801. DESIGNATION OF PORTION OF STATE ROUTE 17 IN NEW YORK AND 
              PENNSYLVANIA AS INTERSTATE ROUTE 86.

    (a) In General.--Subject to subsection (b)(2), notwithstanding 
section 103(c), the portion of State Route 17 located between the 
junction of State Route 17 and Interstate Route 87 in Harriman, New 
York, and the junction of State Route 17 and Interstate Route 90 near 
Erie, Pennsylvania, is designated as Interstate Route 86.
    (b) Substandard Features.--
            (1) Upgrading.--Each segment of State Route 17 described in 
        subsection (a) that does not substantially meet the Interstate 
        System design standards under section 109(b) of title 23, 
        United States Code, in effect on the date of enactment of this 
        Act shall be upgraded in accordance with plans and schedules 
        developed by the applicable State.
            (2) Designation.--Each segment of State Route 17 that on 
        the date of enactment of this Act is not at least 4 lanes wide, 
        separated by a median, access-controlled, and grade-separated 
        shall--
                    (A) be designated as a future Interstate System 
                route; and
                    (B) become part of Interstate Route 86 at such time 
                as the Secretary determines that the segment 
                substantially meets the Interstate System design 
                standards described in paragraph (1).
    (c) Treatment of Route.--
            (1) Mileage limitation.--The mileage of Interstate Route 86 
        designated under subsection (a) shall not be charged against 
        the limitation established by section 103(c)(2) of title 23, 
        United States Code.
            (2) Federal financial responsibility.--
                    (A) In general.--Subject to subparagraph (B), the 
                designation of Interstate Route 86 under subsection (a) 
                shall not create increased Federal financial 
                responsibility with respect to the designated Route.
                    (B) Use of certain funds.--A State may use funds 
                available to the State under paragraphs (1) and (3) of 
                section 104(b) of title 23, United States Code, to 
                eliminate substandard features of, and to resurface, 
                restore, rehabilitate, or reconstruct, any portion of 
                the designated Route.

SEC. 1802. IDENTIFICATION OF HIGH PRIORITY CORRIDOR ROUTES IN 
              LOUISIANA.

    Section 1105 of the Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency 
Act of 1991 (105 Stat. 2031) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (c)(1)--
                    (A) by striking ``Corridor from Kansas'' and 
                inserting the following: ``Corridor--
                    ``(A) from Kansas'';
                    (B) in subparagraph (A) (as so designated), by 
                striking the period at the end and inserting ``; and''; 
                and
                    (C) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(B) from Shreveport, Louisiana, along Interstate 
                Route 49 to Lafayette, Louisiana, and along United 
                States Route 90 to the junction with Interstate Route 
                10 in New Orleans, Louisiana.''; and
            (2) in subsection (e)(5)(A), by inserting ``in subsection 
        (c)(1)(B),'' after ``routes referred to''.

SEC. 1803. SENSE OF SENATE CONCERNING THE OPERATION OF LONGER 
              COMBINATION VEHICLES.

    (a) Findings.--Congress finds that--
            (1) section 127(d) of title 23, United States Code, 
        contains a prohibition that took effect on June 1, 1991, 
        concerning the operation of certain longer combination 
        vehicles, including certain double-trailer and triple-trailer 
        trucks;
            (2) reports on the results of recent studies conducted by 
        the Federal Government describe, with respect to longer 
        combination vehicles--
                    (A) problems with the adequacy of rearward 
                amplification braking;
                    (B) the difficulty in making lane changes; and
                    (C) speed differentials that occur while climbing 
                or accelerating; and
            (3) surveys of individuals in the United States demonstrate 
        that an overwhelming majority of residents of the United States 
        oppose the expanded use of longer combination vehicles.
    (b) Longer Combination Vehicle Defined.--In this section, the term 
``longer combination vehicle'' has the meaning given that term in 
section 127(d)(4) of title 23, United States Code.
    (c) Sense of the Senate.--It is the sense of the Senate that the 
prohibitions and restrictions under section 127(d) of title 23, United 
States Code, as in effect on the date of enactment of this Act, should 
not be amended so as to result in any less restrictive prohibition or 
restriction.

SEC. 1804. INTERNATIONAL BRIDGE, SAULT STE. MARIE, MICHIGAN.

    The International Bridge Authority, or its successor organization, 
shall be permitted to continue collecting tolls for maintenance of, 
operation of, capital improvements to, and future expansions to the 
International Bridge, Sault Ste. Marie, Michigan, and its approaches, 
plaza areas, and associated structures.

SEC. 1805. AMENDMENT TO NATIONAL TRAILS SYSTEM ACT.

    Section 8(d) of the National Trails System Act (43 U.S.C. 1247(d)) 
is amended--
            (1) by striking ``The'' and inserting in lieu thereof ``(1) 
        The'';
            (2) by adding at the end thereof the following new 
        paragraphs:
            ``(2) Consistent with the terms and conditions imposed 
        under paragraph (1), the Surface Transportation Board shall 
        approve a proposal for interim trail use of a railroad right-
        of-way unless--
                    ``(A) at least half of the units of local 
                government located within the rail corridor for which 
                the interim trail use is proposed pass a resolution 
                opposing the proposed trail use; and
                    ``(B) the resolution is transmitted to the Surface 
                Transportation Board within the applicable time 
                requirements for rail line abandonment proceedings.
            ``(3) The limitation in paragraph (2) shall not apply if a 
        State has assumed responsibility for the management of such 
        right-of-way.''.

SEC. 1806. AMENDMENTS TO TITLE 23.

    (a) Section 144 of title 23, United States Code, is amended--
            (1) in each of subsections (d) and (g)(3) by inserting 
        after ``magnesium acetate'' the following: ``or agriculturally 
        derived, environmentally acceptable, minimally corrosive anti-
        icing and de-icing compositions''; and
            (2) in subsection (d) by inserting ``or such anti-icing or 
        de-icing composition'' after ``such acetate''.
    (b) Section 133(b)(1) of title 23, United States Code, is amended 
by inserting after ``magnesium acetate'' the following: ``or 
agriculturally derived, environmentally acceptable, minimally corrosive 
anti-icing and de-icing compositions''.

SEC. 1807. LIMITATIONS.

    (a) Prohibition on Lobbying Activities.--No funds authorized in 
this title shall be available for any activity to build support for or 
against, or to influence the formulation, or adoption of State or local 
legislation, unless such activity is consistent with previously-
existing Federal mandates or incentive programs.
    (b) Testifying.--Nothing in this section shall prohibit officers or 
employees of the United States or its departments or agencies from 
testifying before any State or local legislative body upon the 
invitation of such legislative body.

SEC. 1808. ADDITIONAL QUALIFIED EXPENSES AVAILABLE TO NONAMTRAK STATES.

    (a) In General.--Section 977(e)(1)(B) of the Taxpayer Relief Act of 
1997 (defining qualified expenses) is amended--
            (1) by striking ``and'' at the end of clause (iii) and all 
        that follows through ``clauses (i) and (iv).'', and
            (2) by adding after clause (iii) the following:
                            ``(iv) capital expenditures related to 
                        State-owned rail operations in the State,
                            ``(v) any project that is eligible to 
                        receive funding under section 5309, 5310, or 
                        5311 of title 49, United States Code,
                            ``(vi) any project that is eligible to 
                        receive funding under section 130 or 152 of 
                        title 23, United States Code,
                            ``(vii) the upgrading and maintenance of 
                        intercity primary and rural air service 
                        facilities, and the purchase of intercity air 
                        service between primary and rural airports and 
                        regional hubs,
                            ``(viii) the provision of passenger 
                        ferryboat service within the State, and
                            ``(ix) the payment of interest and 
                        principal on obligations incurred for such 
                        acquisition, upgrading, maintenance, purchase, 
                        expenditures, provision, and projects.''
    (b) Effective Date.--The amendments made by this section shall take 
effect as if included in the enactment of section 977 of the Taxpayer 
Relief Act of 1997.

SEC. 1809. CONTINUANCE OF COMMERCIAL OPERATIONS AT CERTAIN SERVICE 
              PLAZAS IN THE STATE OF MARYLAND.

    (a) Waiver.--Notwithstanding section 111 of title 23, United States 
Code, and the agreements described in subsection (b), at the request of 
the Maryland Transportation Authority, the Secretary shall allow the 
continuance of commercial operations at the service plazas on the John 
F. Kennedy Memorial Highway on Interstate Route 95.
    (b) Agreements.--The agreements referred to in subsection (a) are 
agreements between the Department of Transportation of the State of 
Maryland and the Federal Highway Administration concerning the highway 
described in subsection (a).

SEC. 1810. PENNSYLVANIA STATION REDEVELOPMENT CORPORATION BOARD OF 
              DIRECTORS.

    Section 1069(gg) of the Intermodal Surface Transportation 
Efficiency Act of 1991 (105 Stat. 2011) is amended by adding at the end 
the following: ``(3) In furtherance of the redevelopment of the James 
A. Farley Post Office Building in the city of New York, New York, into 
an intermodal transportation facility and commercial center, the 
Secretary of Transportation, the Federal Railroad Administrator, and 
their designees are authorized to serve as ex officio members of the 
Board of Directors of the Pennsylvania Station Redevelopment 
Corporation.

SEC. 1811. UNION STATION REDEVELOPMENT CORPORATION BOARD OF DIRECTORS.

    Subchapter I of chapter 18 of title 40 of the United States Code is 
amended by adding a new section at the end thereof as follows:
``Sec. 820. Union Station Redevelopment Corporation
    ``To further the rehabilitation, redevelopment and operation of the 
Union Station complex, the Secretary of Transportation, the Federal 
Railroad Administrator, and their designees are authorized to serve as 
ex officio members of the Board of Directors of the Union Station 
Redevelopment Corporation.''.

SEC. 1812. ADDITIONS TO APPALACHIAN REGION.

    Section 403 of the Appalachian Regional Development Act of 1965 (40 
U.S.C. App.) is amended--
            (1) in the undesignated paragraph relating to Alabama, by 
        inserting ``Hale,'' after ``Franklin,'';
            (2) in the undesignated paragraph relating to Georgia--
                    (A) by inserting ``Elbert,'' after ``Douglas,''; 
                and
                    (B) by inserting ``Hart,'' after ``Haralson,'';
            (3) in the undesignated paragraph relating to Mississippi, 
        by striking ``and Winston'' and inserting ``Winston, and 
        Yalobusha''; and
            (4) in the undesignated paragraph relating to Virginia--
                    (A) by inserting ``Montgomery,'' after ``Lee,''; 
                and
                    (B) by inserting ``Rockbridge,'' after 
                ``Pulaski,''.

SEC. 1813. SOUTHWEST BORDER TRANSPORTATION INFRASTRUCTURE ASSESSMENT.

    (a) In General.--The Secretary shall conduct a comprehensive 
assessment of the state of the transportation infrastructure on the 
southwest border between the United States and Mexico (referred to in 
this section as the ``border'').
    (b) Consultation.--In carrying out subsection (a), the Secretary 
shall consult with--
            (1) the Secretary of State;
            (2) the Attorney General;
            (3) the Secretary of the Treasury;
            (4) the Commandant of the Coast Guard;
            (5) the Administrator of General Services;
            (6) the American Commissioner on the International Boundary 
        Commission, United States and Mexico;
            (7) State agencies responsible for transportation and law 
        enforcement in border States; and
            (8) municipal governments and transportation authorities in 
        sister cities in the border area.
    (c) Requirements.--In carrying out the assessment, the Secretary 
shall--
            (1) assess--
                    (A) the flow of commercial and private traffic 
                through designated ports of entry on the border;
                    (B) the adequacy of transportation infrastructure 
                in the border area, including highways, bridges, 
                railway lines, and border inspection facilities;
                    (C) the adequacy of law enforcement and narcotics 
                abatement activities in the border area, as the 
                activities relate to commercial and private traffic; 
                and
                    (D) future demands on transportation infrastructure 
                in the border area; and
            (2) make recommendations to facilitate legitimate cross-
        border traffic in the border area, while maintaining the 
        integrity of the border.
    (d) Report.--Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of 
this Act, the Secretary shall submit to Congress a report on the 
assessment conducted under this section, including any related 
legislative and administrative recommendations.

SEC. 1814. MODIFICATION OF HIGH PRIORITY CORRIDOR.

    Section 1105(c)(18) of the Intermodal Surface Transportation 
Efficiency Act of 1991 (105 Stat. 2032) is amended--
            (1) by striking ``(18) Corridor from Indianapolis,'' and 
        inserting the following:
            ``(18)(A) Corridor from Sarnia, Ontario, Canada, through 
        Port Huron, Michigan, southwesterly along Interstate Route 69 
        through Indianapolis,''; and
            (2) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(B) Corridor from Sarnia, Ontario, Canada, southwesterly 
        along Interstate Route 94 to the Ambassador Bridge interchange 
        in Detroit, Michigan.
            ``(C) Corridor from Windsor, Ontario, Canada, through 
        Detroit, Michigan, westerly along Interstate Route 94 to 
        Chicago, Illinois.''.

SEC. 1815. DESIGNATION OF CORRIDORS IN MISSISSIPPI AND ALABAMA AS 
              ROUTES ON THE INTERSTATE SYSTEM.

    (a) In General.--
            (1) Designation.--Subject to subsection (b)(2), 
        notwithstanding section 103(c) of title 23, United States Code, 
        the segments described in paragraph (2) are designated as 
        routes on the Interstate System.
            (2) Segments.--The segments referred to in paragraph (1) 
        are--
                    (A) the portion of Corridor V of the Appalachian 
                development highway system from Interstate Route 55 
                near Batesville, Mississippi, to the intersection with 
                Corridor X of the Appalachian development highway 
                system near Fulton, Mississippi; and
                    (B) the portion of Corridor X of the Appalachian 
                development highway system from near Fulton, 
                Mississippi, to the intersection with Interstate Route 
                65 near Birmingham, Alabama.
    (b) Substandard Features.--
            (1) Upgrading.--Each portion of the segments described in 
        subsection (a)(2) that does not substantially meet the 
        Interstate System design standards under section 109(b) of 
        title 23, United States Code, in effect on the date of 
        enactment of this Act shall be upgraded in accordance with 
        plans and schedules developed by the applicable State.
            (2) Designation.--Each portion of the segments described in 
        subsection (a)(2) that on the date of enactment of this Act 
        does not meet the Interstate System design standards under 
        section 109(b) of that title and does not connect to a segment 
        of the Interstate System shall--
                    (A) be designated as a future Interstate System 
                route; and
                    (B) become part of the Interstate System at such 
                time as the Secretary determines that the portion of 
                the segment--
                            (i) meets the Interstate System design 
                        standards; and
                            (ii) connects to another segment of the 
                        Interstate System.
    (c) Treatment of Routes.--
            (1) Mileage limitation.--The mileage of the routes on the 
        Interstate System designated under subsection (a) shall not be 
        charged against the limitation established by section 103(c)(2) 
        of title 23, United States Code.
            (2) Federal financial responsibility.--
                    (A) In general.--Subject to subparagraph (B), the 
                designation of the routes on the Interstate System 
                under subsection (a) shall not create increased Federal 
                financial responsibility with respect to the designated 
                segments.
                    (B) Use of certain funds.--A State may use funds 
                available to the State under paragraphs (1)(C) and (3) 
                of section 104(b) of title 23, United States Code, to 
                eliminate substandard features of, and to resurface, 
                restore, rehabilitate, or reconstruct, any portion of 
                the designated segments.
            (3) Eligibility for other funding.--(A) This section shall 
        not affect the amount of funding that a State shall be entitled 
        to receive under any other section of this Act or under any 
        other law.
            (B) Effect of provision.--Nothing in this section shall 
        result in an increase in a State's estimated cost to complete 
        the Appalachian development highway system or in the amount of 
        assistance that the State shall be entitled to receive from the 
        Appalachian Development Highway System under this Act or any 
        other Act.

SEC. 1816. REAUTHORIZATION OF FERRY AND FERRY TERMINAL PROGRAM.

    (a) Section 1064(c) of the Intermodal Surface Transportation 
Efficiency Act of 1991 (23 U.S.C. 129 note) is amended by striking 
``$14,000,000'' and all that follows through ``this section'' and 
inserting in lieu thereof ``$30,000,000 for fiscal year 1998, 
$25,000,000 for fiscal year 1999, $25,000,000 for fiscal year 2000, 
$30,000,000 for fiscal year 2001, $35,000,000 for fiscal year 2002, and 
$35,000,000 for fiscal year 2003 in carrying out this section, at least 
$12,000,000 of which in each such fiscal year shall be obligated for 
the construction of ferry boats, terminal facilities and approaches to 
such facilities within marine highway systems that are part of the 
National Highway System''.
    (b) In addition to the obligation authority provided in subsection 
(a), there are authorized to be appropriated $20,000,000 in each of 
fiscal years 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, and 2003 for the ferry boat and 
ferry terminal facility program under section 1064 of the Intermodal 
Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 (23 U.S.C. 129 note).

SEC. 1817. REPORT ON UTILIZATION POTENTIAL.

    (a) Study.--The Secretary of Transportation shall conduct a study 
of ferry transportation in the United States and its possessions--
            (1) to identify existing ferry operations, including--
                    (A) the locations and routes served;
                    (B) the name, United States official number, and a 
                description of each vessel operated as a ferry;
                    (C) the source and amount, if any, of funds derived 
                from Federal, State, or local government sources 
                supporting ferry construction or operations;
                    (D) the impact of ferry transportation on local and 
                regional economies; and
                    (E) the potential for use of high-speed ferry 
                services.
            (2) identify potential domestic ferry routes in the United 
        States and its possessions and to develop information on those 
        routes, including--
                    (A) locations and routes that might be served;
                    (B) estimates of capacity required;
                    (C) estimates of capital costs of developing these 
                routes;
                    (D) estimates of annual operating costs for these 
                routes;
                    (E) estimates of the economic impact of these 
                routes on local and regional economies; and
                    (F) the potential for use of high-speed ferry 
                services.
    (b) Report.--The Secretary shall report the results of the study 
under subsection (a) within one year after the date of enactment of 
this Act to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of 
the United States Senate and the Committee on Transportation and 
Infrastructure of the United States House of Representatives.
    (c) Findings.--After reporting the results of the study required by 
paragraph (b), the Secretary of Transportation shall meet with the 
relevant State and municipal planning organizations to discuss the 
results of the study and the availability of resources, both Federal 
and State, for providing marine ferry service.

                   TITLE II--RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY

                   Subtitle A--Research and Training

SEC. 2001. STRATEGIC RESEARCH PLAN.

    Subtitle III of title 49, United States Code, is amended--
            (1) in the table of chapters, by inserting after the item 
        relating to chapter 51 the following:

 ``52.  RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT                                5201'';
        and
            (2) by inserting after chapter 51 the following:

                 ``CHAPTER 52--RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT

``Sec.
``5201. Definitions.

         ``SUBCHAPTER I--GENERAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE PROVISIONS

``5211. Transactional authority.

                  ``SUBCHAPTER II--STRATEGIC PLANNING

``5221. Strategic planning.
``5222. Authorization of contract authority.

 ``SUBCHAPTER III--MULTIMODAL TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT 
                                PROGRAM

``5231. Multimodal Transportation Research and Development Program.
``5232. Authorization of contract authority.

      ``SUBCHAPTER IV--NATIONAL UNIVERSITY TRANSPORTATION CENTERS

``5241. National university transportation centers.
``Sec. 5201. Definitions
    ``In this chapter:
            ``(1) Department.--The term `Department' means the 
        Department of Transportation.
            ``(2) Secretary.--The term `Secretary' means the Secretary 
        of Transportation.

         ``SUBCHAPTER I--GENERAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE PROVISIONS

``Sec. 5211. Transactional authority
    ``To further the objectives of this chapter, the Secretary may make 
grants to, and enter into contracts, cooperative agreements, and other 
transactions with--
            ``(1) any person or any agency or instrumentality of the 
        United States;
            ``(2) any unit of State or local government;
            ``(3) any educational institution;
            ``(4) any Federal laboratory; and
            ``(5) any other entity.

                  ``SUBCHAPTER II--STRATEGIC PLANNING

``Sec. 5221. Strategic planning
    ``(a) Authority.--The Secretary shall establish a strategic 
planning process to--
            ``(1) determine national transportation research, 
        development, and technology deployment priorities, strategies, 
        and milestones over the next 5 years;
            ``(2) coordinate Federal transportation research, 
        development, and technology deployment activities; and
            ``(3) measure the impact of the research, development, and 
        technology investments described in paragraph (2) on the 
        performance of the transportation system of the United States.
    ``(b) Criteria.--In developing strategic plans for intermodal, 
multimodal, and mode-specific research, development, and technology 
deployment, the Secretary shall consider the need to--
            ``(1) coordinate and integrate Federal, regional, State, 
        and metropolitan planning research, development, and technology 
        activities in urban and rural areas;
            ``(2) promote standards that facilitate a seamless and 
        interoperable transportation system;
            ``(3) encourage innovation;
            ``(4) identify and facilitate initiatives and partnerships 
        to deploy technology with the potential for improving 
        transportation systems during the next 5-year and 10-year 
        periods;
            ``(5) identify core research to support the long-term 
        transportation technology and system needs of urban and rural 
        areas of the United States, including safety;
            ``(6) ensure the ability of the United States to compete on 
        a global basis; and
            ``(7) provide a means of assessing the impact of Federal 
        research and technology investments on the performance of the 
        transportation system of the United States.
    ``(c) Implementation.--
            ``(1) In general.--In carrying out subsection (a), the 
        Secretary shall adopt such policies and procedures as are 
        appropriate--
                    ``(A) to provide for integrated planning, 
                coordination, and consultation among the Administrators 
                of the operating administrations of the Department and 
                other Federal officials with responsibility for 
                research, development, and technology transfer 
                important to national transportation needs;
                    ``(B) to promote the exchange of information on 
                transportation-related research and development 
                activities among the operating elements of the 
                Department, other Federal departments and agencies, 
                Federal laboratories, State and local governments, 
                colleges and universities, industry, and other private 
                and public sector organizations engaged in the 
                activities;
                    ``(C) to ensure that the research and development 
                programs of the Department do not duplicate other 
                Federal and, to the maximum extent practicable, private 
                sector research and development programs; and
                    ``(D) to ensure that the research and development 
                activities of the Department--
                            ``(i) make appropriate use of the talents, 
                        skills, and abilities at the Federal 
                        laboratories; and
                            ``(ii) leverage, to the maximum extent 
                        practicable, the research, development, and 
                        technology transfer capabilities of 
                        institutions of higher education and private 
                        industry.
            ``(2) Consultation.--The procedures and policies adopted 
        under paragraph (1) shall include consultation with State 
        officials and members of the private sector.
    ``(d) Reports.--
            ``(1) In general.--Concurrent with the submission to 
        Congress of the budget of the President for each fiscal year, 
        the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Environment and 
        Public Works of the Senate and the Committee on Transportation 
        and Infrastructure of the House of Representatives a report on 
        the strategic plans, goals, and milestones developed under 
        subsections (a) and (b) to help guide research, development, 
        and technology transfer activities during the 5-year period 
        beginning on the date of the report.
            ``(2) Comparison to previous report.--The report shall 
        include a delineation of the progress made with respect to each 
        of the plans, goals, and milestones specified in the previous 
        report.
            ``(3) Prohibition on obligation for failure to submit 
        report.--Beginning on the date of the submission to Congress of 
        the budget of the President for fiscal year 2000, and on the 
        date of the submission for each fiscal year thereafter, none of 
        the funds made available under this chapter or chapter 5 of 
        title 23 may be obligated until the report required under 
        paragraph (1) for that fiscal year is submitted.
``Sec. 5222. Authorization of contract authority
    ``(a) In General.--There shall be available from the Highway Trust 
Fund (other than the Mass Transit Account) to carry out this subchapter 
$1,500,000 for each of fiscal years 1998 through 2003.
    ``(b) Contract Authority.--Funds authorized under this section 
shall be available for obligation in the same manner as if the funds 
were apportioned under chapter 1 of title 23, except that--
            ``(1) any Federal share of the cost of an activity under 
        this subchapter shall be determined in accordance with this 
        subchapter; and
            ``(2) the funds shall remain available for obligation for a 
        period of 2 years after the last day of the fiscal year for 
        which the funds are authorized.
    ``(c) Use of Unallocated Funds.--To the extent that the amounts 
made available for any fiscal year under subsection (a) exceed the 
amounts used to carry out section 5221 for the fiscal year, the excess 
amounts--
            ``(1) shall be apportioned in accordance with section 
        104(b)(3) of title 23;
            ``(2) shall be considered to be sums made available for 
        expenditure on the surface transportation program, except that 
        the amounts shall not be subject to section 133(d) of that 
        title; and
            ``(3) shall be available for any purpose eligible for 
        funding under section 133 of that title.''.

SEC. 2002. MULTIMODAL TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM.

    Chapter 52 of title 49, United States Code (as added by section 
2001), is amended by adding at the end the following:

 ``SUBCHAPTER III--MULTIMODAL TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT 
                                PROGRAM

``Sec. 5231. Multimodal Transportation Research and Development Program
    ``(a) Establishment.--The Secretary shall establish a program to be 
known as the `Multimodal Transportation Research and Development 
Program'.
    ``(b) Purposes.--The purposes of the Multimodal Transportation 
Research and Development Program are to--
            ``(1) enhance the capabilities of Federal agencies to meet 
        national transportation needs, as defined by the missions of 
        the agencies, through support for long-term and applied 
        research and development that would benefit the various modes 
        of transportation, including research and development in 
        safety, security, mobility, energy and the environment, 
        information and physical infrastructure, and industrial design;
            ``(2) identify and apply innovative research performed by 
        the Federal Government, Federal laboratories, academia, and the 
        private sector to the intermodal and multimodal transportation 
        research, development, and deployment needs of the Department 
        and the transportation enterprise of the United States;
            ``(3) identify and leverage research, technologies, and 
        other information developed by the Federal Government for 
        national defense and nondefense purposes for the benefit of the 
        public, commercial, and defense transportation sectors; and
            ``(4) share information and analytical and research 
        capabilities among the Federal Government, State and local 
        governments, colleges and universities, and private 
        organizations to advance their ability to meet their 
        transportation research, development, and deployment needs.
    ``(c) Process for Consultation.--To advise the Secretary in 
establishing priorities within the Program, the Secretary shall 
establish a process for consultation among the Administrators of the 
operating administrations of the Department and other Federal officials 
with responsibility for research.
``Sec. 5232. Authorization of contract authority
    ``(a) In General.--There shall be available from the Highway Trust 
Fund (other than the Mass Transit Account) to carry out this subchapter 
$2,500,000 for each of fiscal years 1998 through 2003.
    ``(b) Contract Authority.--Funds authorized under this section 
shall be available for obligation in the same manner as if the funds 
were apportioned under chapter 1 of title 23, except that--
            ``(1) any Federal share of the cost of an activity under 
        this subchapter shall be determined in accordance with this 
        subchapter; and
            ``(2) the funds shall remain available for obligation for a 
        period of 2 years after the last day of the fiscal year for 
        which the funds are authorized.''.

SEC. 2003. NATIONAL UNIVERSITY TRANSPORTATION CENTERS.

    (a) In General.--Chapter 52 of title 49, United States Code (as 
amended by section 2002), is amended by adding at the end the 
following:

      ``SUBCHAPTER IV--NATIONAL UNIVERSITY TRANSPORTATION CENTERS

``Sec. 5241. National university transportation centers
    ``(a) In General.--The Secretary shall make grants to, or enter 
into contracts with, the nonprofit institutions of higher learning 
selected under section 5317 (as in effect on the day before the date of 
enactment of this section)--
            ``(1) to operate 1 university transportation center in each 
        of the 10 Federal administrative regions that comprise the 
        Standard Federal Regional Boundary System; and
            ``(2) to continue operation of university transportation 
        centers at the Mack-Blackwell National Rural Transportation 
        Study Center, the National Center for Transportation and 
        Industrial Productivity, the Institute for Surface 
        Transportation Policy Studies, the Urban Transit Institute at 
        the University of South Florida, the National Center for 
        Advanced Transportation Technology, and the University of 
        Alabama Transportation Research Center.
    ``(b) Additional Centers.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary may make grants to 
        nonprofit institutions of higher learning to establish and 
        operate not more than 4 additional university transportation 
        centers to address--
                    ``(A) transportation management, research, and 
                development, with special attention to increasing the 
                number of highly skilled minority individuals and women 
                entering the transportation workforce;
                    ``(B) transportation and industrial productivity;
                    ``(C) rural transportation;
                    ``(D) advanced transportation technology;
                    ``(E) international transportation policy studies;
                    ``(F) transportation infrastructure technology;
                    ``(G) urban transportation research;
                    ``(H) transportation and the environment;
                    ``(I) surface transportation safety; or
                    ``(J) infrastructure finance studies.
            ``(2) Selection criteria.--
                    ``(A) Application.--A nonprofit institution of 
                higher learning that desires to receive a grant under 
                paragraph (1) shall submit an application to the 
                Secretary in such manner and containing such 
                information as the Secretary may require.
                    ``(B) Selection of recipients.--The Secretary shall 
                select each grant recipient under paragraph (1) on the 
                basis of--
                            ``(i) the demonstrated research and 
                        extension resources available to the recipient 
                        to carry out this section;
                            ``(ii) the capability of the recipient to 
                        provide leadership in making national and 
                        regional contributions to the solution of 
                        immediate and long-term transportation 
                        problems;
                            ``(iii) the establishment by the recipient 
                        of a surface transportation program that 
                        encompasses several modes of transportation;
                            ``(iv) the demonstrated ability of the 
                        recipient to disseminate results of 
                        transportation research and education programs 
                        through a statewide or regionwide continuing 
                        education program;
                            ``(v) the strategic plan that the recipient 
                        proposes to carry out using the grant funds; 
                        and
                            ``(vi) the extent to which private funds 
                        have been committed to a university and public-
                        private partnerships established to fulfill the 
                        objectives specified in paragraph (1).
    ``(c) Objectives.--Each university transportation center shall use 
grant funds under subsection (a) or (b) to carry out--
            ``(1) multimodal basic and applied research, the products 
        of which are judged by peers or other experts in the field to 
        advance the body of knowledge in transportation;
            ``(2) an education program that includes multidisciplinary 
        course work and participation in research; and
            ``(3) an ongoing program of technology transfer that makes 
        research results available to potential users in a form that 
        can be readily implemented, used, or otherwise applied.
    ``(d) Maintenance of Effort.--Before making a grant under 
subsection (a) or (b), the Secretary shall require the grant recipient 
to enter into an agreement with the Secretary to ensure that the 
recipient will maintain, during the period of the grant, a level of 
total expenditures from all other sources for establishing and 
operating a university transportation center and carrying out related 
research activities that is at least equal to the average level of 
those expenditures in the 2 fiscal years of the recipient prior to the 
award of a grant under subsection (a) or (b).
    ``(e) Additional Grants and Contracts.--
            ``(1) Grants or contracts.--In addition to grants under 
        subsection (a) or (b), the Secretary may make grants to, or 
        enter into contracts with, university transportation centers 
        without the need for a competitive process.
            ``(2) Use of grants or contracts.--A noncompetitive grant 
        or contract under paragraph (1) shall be used for 
        transportation research, development, education, or training 
        consistent with the strategic plan approved as part of the 
        selection process for the center.
    ``(f) Federal Share.--The Federal share of the cost of establishing 
and operating a university transportation center and carrying out 
related research activities under this section shall be not more than 
50 percent.
    ``(g) Program Coordination.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall--
                    ``(A) coordinate research, education, training, and 
                technology transfer activities carried out by grant 
                recipients under this section;
                    ``(B) disseminate the results of the research; and
                    ``(C) establish and operate a clearinghouse for 
                disseminating the results of the research.
            ``(2) Review and evaluation.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Not less often than annually, 
                the Secretary shall review and evaluate programs 
                carried out by grant recipients under this section.
                    ``(B) Notification of deficiencies.--In carrying 
                out subparagraph (A), if the Secretary determines that 
                a university transportation center is deficient in 
                meeting the objectives of this section, the Secretary 
                shall notify the grant recipient operating the center 
                of each deficiency and provide specific recommendations 
                of measures that should be taken to address the 
                deficiency.
                    ``(C) Disqualification.--If, after the end of the 
                180-day period that begins on the date of notification 
                to a grant recipient under subparagraph (B) with 
                respect to a center, the Secretary determines that the 
                recipient has not corrected each deficiency identified 
                under subparagraph (B), the Secretary may, after 
                notifying the Committee on Environment and Public Works 
                of the Senate and the Committee on Transportation and 
                Infrastructure of the House of Representatives of the 
                determination--
                            ``(i) disqualify the university 
                        transportation center from further 
                        participation under this section; and
                            ``(ii) make a grant for the establishment 
                        of a new university transportation center, in 
                        lieu of the disqualified center, under 
                        subsection (a) or (b), as applicable.
            ``(3) Funding.--The Secretary may use not more than 1 
        percent of Federal funds made available under this section to 
        carry out this subsection.
    ``(h) Authorization of Contract Authority.--
            ``(1) In general.--There shall be available from the 
        Highway Trust Fund (other than the Mass Transit Account) to 
        carry out this section $12,000,000 for each of fiscal years 
        1998 through 2003.
            ``(2) Contract authority.--Funds authorized under this 
        subsection shall be made available for obligation in the same 
        manner as if the funds were apportioned under chapter 1 of 
        title 23, except that the Federal share of the cost of a 
        project under this section shall be determined in accordance 
        with this section.
            ``(3) Technology transfer activities.--For each fiscal 
        year, not less than 5 percent of the amounts made available to 
        carry out this section shall be available to carry out 
        technology transfer activities.
    ``(i) Limitation on Availability of Funds.--Funds authorized under 
this section shall remain available for obligation for a period of 2 
years after the last day of the fiscal year for which the funds are 
authorized.''.
    (b) Conforming Amendments.--
            (1) Sections 5316 and 5317 of title 49, United States Code, 
        are repealed.
            (2) The analysis for chapter 53 of title 49, United States 
        Code, is amended by striking the items relating to sections 
        5316 and 5317.

SEC. 2004. BUREAU OF TRANSPORTATION STATISTICS.

    (a) In General.--Section 111 of title 49, United States Code, is 
amended--
            (1) in subsection (b)(4), by striking the second sentence;
            (2) in subsection (c)--
                    (A) in paragraph (1)--
                            (i) in subparagraph (J), by striking 
                        ``and'' at the end;
                            (ii) in subparagraph (K), by striking the 
                        period at the end and inserting ``; and''; and
                            (iii) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(L) transportation-related variables that 
                influence global competitiveness.'';
                    (B) in paragraph (2)--
                            (i) in the first sentence, by striking 
                        ``national transportation system'' and 
                        inserting ``transportation systems of the 
                        United States'';
                            (ii) by striking subparagraph (A) and 
                        inserting the following:
                    ``(A) be coordinated with efforts to measure 
                outputs and outcomes of the Department of 
                Transportation and the transportation systems of the 
                United States under the Government Performance and 
                Results Act of 1993 (Public Law 103-62) and the 
                amendments made by that Act;''; and
                            (iii) in subparagraph (C), by inserting ``, 
                        made relevant to the States and metropolitan 
                        planning organizations,'' after ``accuracy'';
                    (C) in paragraph (3), by adding at the end the 
                following: ``The Bureau shall review and report to the 
                Secretary of Transportation on the sources and 
                reliability of the statistics proposed by the heads of 
                the operating administrations of the Department to 
                measure outputs and outcomes as required by the 
                Government Performance and Results Act of 1993 (Public 
                Law 103-62), and the amendments made by that Act, and 
                shall carry out such other reviews of the sources and 
                reliability of other data collected by the heads of the 
                operating administrations of the Department as shall be 
                requested by the Secretary.''; and
                    (D) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(7) Supporting transportation decisionmaking.--Ensuring 
        that the statistics compiled under paragraph (1) are relevant 
        for transportation decisionmaking by the Federal Government, 
        State and local governments, transportation-related 
        associations, private businesses, and consumers.'';
            (3) by redesignating subsections (d), (e), and (f) as 
        subsections (h), (i), and (j), respectively;
            (4) by striking subsection (g);
            (5) by inserting after subsection (c) the following:
    ``(d) Transportation Data Base.--
            ``(1) In general.--In consultation with the Associate 
        Deputy Secretary, the Assistant Secretaries, and the heads of 
        the operating administrations of the Department of 
        Transportation, the Director shall establish and maintain a 
        transportation data base for all modes of transportation.
            ``(2) Use.--The data base shall be suitable for analyses 
        carried out by the Federal Government, the States, and 
        metropolitan planning organizations.
            ``(3) Contents.--The data base shall include--
                    ``(A) information on the volumes and patterns of 
                movement of goods, including local, interregional, and 
                international movement, by all modes of transportation 
                and intermodal combinations, and by relevant 
                classification;
                    ``(B) information on the volumes and patterns of 
                movement of people, including local, interregional, and 
                international movements, by all modes of transportation 
                (including bicycle and pedestrian modes) and intermodal 
                combinations, and by relevant classification;
                    ``(C) information on the location and connectivity 
                of transportation facilities and services; and
                    ``(D) a national accounting of expenditures and 
                capital stocks on each mode of transportation and 
                intermodal combination.
    ``(e) National Transportation Library.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Director shall establish and 
        maintain a National Transportation Library, which shall contain 
        a collection of statistical and other information needed for 
        transportation decisionmaking at the Federal, State, and local 
        levels.
            ``(2) Access.--The Bureau shall facilitate and promote 
        access to the Library, with the goal of improving the ability 
        of the transportation community to share information and the 
        ability of the Bureau to make statistics readily accessible 
        under subsection (c)(5).
            ``(3) Coordination.--The Bureau shall work with other 
        transportation libraries and other transportation information 
        providers, both public and private, to achieve the goal 
        specified in paragraph (2).
    ``(f) National Transportation Atlas Data Base.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Director shall develop and maintain 
        geospatial data bases that depict--
                    ``(A) transportation networks;
                    ``(B) flows of people, goods, vehicles, and craft 
                over the networks; and
                    ``(C) social, economic, and environmental 
                conditions that affect or are affected by the networks.
            ``(2) Intermodal network analysis.--The data bases shall be 
        able to support intermodal network analysis.
    ``(g) Research and Development Grants.--The Secretary may make 
grants to, or enter into cooperative agreements or contracts with, 
public and nonprofit private entities (including State departments of 
transportation, metropolitan planning organizations, and institutions 
of higher education) for--
            ``(1) investigation of the subjects specified in subsection 
        (c)(1) and research and development of new methods of data 
        collection, management, integration, dissemination, 
        interpretation, and analysis;
            ``(2) development of electronic clearinghouses of 
        transportation data and related information, as part of the 
        National Transportation Library under subsection (e); and
            ``(3) development and improvement of methods for sharing 
        geographic data, in support of the national transportation 
        atlas data base under subsection (f) and the National Spatial 
        Data Infrastructure developed under Executive Order No. 
        12906.'';
            (6) by striking subsection (i) (as redesignated by 
        paragraph (3)) and inserting the following:
    ``(i) Prohibition on Certain Disclosures.--
            ``(1) In general.--An officer or employee of the Bureau may 
        not--
                    ``(A) make any disclosure in which the data 
                provided by an individual or organization under 
                subsection (c)(2) can be identified;
                    ``(B) use the information provided under subsection 
                (c)(2) for a nonstatistical purpose; or
                    ``(C) permit anyone other than an individual 
                authorized by the Director to examine any individual 
                report provided under subsection (c)(2).
            ``(2) Prohibition on requests for certain data.--
                    ``(A) Government agencies.--No department, bureau, 
                agency, officer, or employee of the United States 
                (except the Director in carrying out this section) may 
                require, for any reason, a copy of any report that has 
                been filed under subsection (c)(2) with the Bureau or 
                retained by an individual respondent.
                    ``(B) Courts.--Any copy of a report described in 
                subparagraph (A) that has been retained by an 
                individual respondent or filed with the Bureau or any 
                of its employees, contractors, or agents--
                            ``(i) shall be immune from legal process; 
                        and
                            ``(ii) shall not, without the consent of 
                        the individual concerned, be admitted as 
                        evidence or used for any purpose in any action, 
                        suit, or other judicial or administrative 
                        proceeding.
                    ``(C) Applicability.--This paragraph shall apply 
                only to information that permits information concerning 
                an individual or organization to be reasonably inferred 
                by direct or indirect means.
            ``(3) Data collected for nonstatistical purposes.--In a 
        case in which the Bureau is authorized by statute to collect 
        data or information for a nonstatistical purpose, the Director 
        shall clearly distinguish the collection of the data or 
        information, by rule and on the collection instrument, so as to 
        inform a respondent that is requested or required to supply the 
        data or information of the nonstatistical purpose.'';
            (7) in subsection (j) (as redesignated by paragraph (3)), 
        by striking ``On or before January 1, 1994, and annually 
        thereafter, the'' and inserting ``The''; and
            (8) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(k) Study.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Director shall carry out a study--
                    ``(A) to measure the ton-miles and value-miles of 
                international trade traffic carried by highway for each 
                State;
                    ``(B) to evaluate the accuracy and reliability of 
                such measures for use in the formula for highway 
                apportionments;
                    ``(C) to evaluate the accuracy and reliability of 
                the use of diesel fuel data as a measure of 
                international trade traffic by State; and
                    ``(D) to identify needed improvements in long-term 
                data collection programs to provide accurate and 
                reliable measures of international traffic for use in 
                the formula for highway apportionments.
            ``(2) Basis for evaluations.--The study shall evaluate the 
        accuracy and reliability of measures for use as formula factors 
        based on statistical quality standards developed by the Bureau 
        in consultation with the Committee on National Statistics of 
        the National Academy of Sciences.
            ``(3) Report.--Not later than 3 years after the date of 
        enactment of this subsection, the Director shall submit to the 
        Committee on Environment and Public Works of the Senate and the 
        Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of the House of 
        Representatives a report on the results of the study carried 
        out under paragraph (1), including recommendations for changes 
        in law necessary to implement the identified needs for 
        improvements in long-term data collection programs.
    ``(l) Proceeds of Data Product Sales.--Notwithstanding section 3302 
of title 31, United States Code, funds received by the Bureau from the 
sale of data products, for necessary expenses incurred, may be credited 
to the Highway Trust Fund (other than the Mass Transit Account) for the 
purpose of reimbursing the Bureau for the expenses.
    ``(m) Authorization of Contract Authority.--
            ``(1) In general.--There shall be available from the 
        Highway Trust Fund (other than the Mass Transit Account) to 
        carry out this section $26,000,000 for fiscal year 1998, 
        $27,000,000 for fiscal year 1999, $28,000,000 for fiscal year 
        2000, $29,000,000 for fiscal year 2001, $30,000,000 for fiscal 
        year 2002, and $31,000,000 for fiscal year 2003, except that 
        not more than $500,000 for each fiscal year may be made 
        available to carry out subsection (g).
            ``(2) Availability.--Funds authorized under this subsection 
        shall remain available for a period of 3 years after the last 
        day of the fiscal year for which the funds are authorized.
            ``(3) Contract authority.--Funds authorized under this 
        subsection shall be available for obligation in the same manner 
        as if the funds were apportioned under chapter 1 of title 
        23.''.
    (b) Conforming Amendments.--Section 5503 of title 49, United States 
Code, is amended--
            (1) by striking subsection (d); and
            (2) by redesignating subsections (e), (f), and (g) as 
        subsections (d), (e), and (f), respectively.

SEC. 2005. RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY PROGRAM.

    Title 23, United States Code, is amended--
            (1) in the table of chapters, by adding at the end the 
        following:

``5. Research and Technology................................     501'';
        and
            (2) by adding at the end the following:

                  ``CHAPTER 5--RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY

                 ``SUBCHAPTER I--RESEARCH AND TRAINING

``Sec.
``501. Definitions.
``502. Research and technology program.
``503. Advanced research program.
``504. Long-term pavement performance program.
``505. State planning and research program.
``506. Education and training.
``507. International highway transportation outreach program.
``508. National technology deployment initiatives and partnerships 
                            program.
``509. Infrastructure investment needs report.
``510. Innovative bridge research and construction program.
``511. Study of future strategic highway research program.
``512. Transportation and environment cooperative research program.
``513. Recycled materials resource center.

          ``SUBCHAPTER II--INTELLIGENT TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS

``521. Purposes.
``522. Definitions.
``523. Cooperation, consultation, and analysis.
``524. Research, development, and training.
``525. Intelligent transportation system integration program.
``526. Integration program for rural areas.
``527. Commercial vehicle intelligent transportation system 
                            infrastructure.
``528. Corridor development and coordination.
``529. Standards.
``530. Funding limitations.
``531. Use of innovative financing.
``532. Advisory committees.

                       ``SUBCHAPTER III--FUNDING

``541. Funding.

                 ``SUBCHAPTER I--RESEARCH AND TRAINING

``Sec. 501. Definitions
    ``In this chapter:
            ``(1) Safety.--The term `safety' includes highway and 
        traffic safety systems, research, and development relating to 
        vehicle, highway, driver, passenger, bicyclist, and pedestrian 
        characteristics, accident investigations, communications, 
        emergency medical care, and transportation of the injured.
            ``(2) Federal laboratory.--The term `Federal laboratory' 
        includes a Government-owned, Government-operated laboratory and 
        a Government-owned, contractor-operated laboratory.
``Sec. 502. Research and technology program
    ``(a) General Authority and Collaborative Agreements.--
            ``(1) Authority of the secretary.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The Secretary--
                            ``(i) shall carry out research, 
                        development, and technology transfer activities 
                        with respect to--
                                    ``(I) motor carrier transportation;
                                    ``(II) all phases of transportation 
                                planning and development (including 
                                construction, operation, modernization, 
                                development, design, maintenance, 
                                safety, financing, and traffic 
                                conditions); and
                                    ``(III) the effect of State laws on 
                                the activities described in subclauses 
                                (I) and (II); and
                            ``(ii) may test, develop, or assist in 
                        testing and developing any material, invention, 
                        patented article, or process.
                    ``(B) Cooperation, grants, and contracts.--The 
                Secretary may carry out this section--
                            ``(i) independently;
                            ``(ii) in cooperation with other Federal 
                        departments, agencies, and instrumentalities 
                        and multipurpose Federal laboratories; or
                            ``(iii) by making grants to, or entering 
                        into contracts, cooperative agreements, and 
                        other transactions with, the National Academy 
                        of Sciences, the American Association of State 
                        Highway and Transportation Officials, any 
                        Federal laboratory, any State agency, 
                        authority, association, institution, for-profit 
                        or nonprofit corporation, organization, foreign 
                        country, or person.
                    ``(C) Technical innovation.--The Secretary shall 
                develop and carry out programs to facilitate the 
                application of such products of research and technical 
                innovations as will improve the safety, efficiency, and 
                effectiveness of the transportation system.
                    ``(D) Funds.--
                            ``(i) In general.--Except as otherwise 
                        specifically provided in other sections of this 
                        chapter--
                                    ``(I) to carry out this section, 
                                the Secretary shall use--
                                            ``(aa) funds made available 
                                        under section 541 for research, 
                                        technology, and training; and
                                            ``(bb) such funds as may be 
                                        deposited by any cooperating 
                                        organization or person in a 
                                        special account of the Treasury 
                                        established for this purpose; 
                                        and
                                    ``(II) the funds described in item 
                                (aa) shall remain available for 
                                obligation for a period of 3 years 
                                after the last day of the fiscal year 
                                for which the funds are authorized.
                            ``(ii) Use of funds.--The Secretary shall 
                        use funds described in clause (i) to develop, 
                        administer, communicate, and promote the use of 
                        products of research, development, and 
                        technology transfer programs under this 
                        section.
            ``(2) Collaborative research and development.--
                    ``(A) In general.--To encourage innovative 
                solutions to surface transportation problems and 
                stimulate the deployment of new technology, the 
                Secretary may carry out, on a cost-shared basis, 
                collaborative research and development with--
                            ``(i) non-Federal entities, including State 
                        and local governments, foreign governments, 
                        colleges and universities, corporations, 
                        institutions, partnerships, sole 
                        proprietorships, and trade associations that 
                        are incorporated or established under the laws 
                        of any State; and
                            ``(ii) multipurpose Federal laboratories.
                    ``(B) Agreements.--In carrying out this paragraph, 
                the Secretary may enter into cooperative research and 
                development agreements (as defined in section 12 of the 
                Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980 (15 
                U.S.C. 3710a)).
                    ``(C) Federal share.--
                            ``(i) In general.--The Federal share of the 
                        cost of activities carried out under a 
                        cooperative research and development agreement 
                        entered into under this paragraph shall not 
                        exceed 50 percent, except that if there is 
                        substantial public interest or benefit, the 
                        Secretary may approve a greater Federal share.
                            ``(ii) Non-federal share.--All costs 
                        directly incurred by the non-Federal partners, 
                        including personnel, travel, and hardware 
                        development costs, shall be credited toward the 
                        non-Federal share of the cost of the activities 
                        described in clause (i).
                    ``(D) Use of technology.--The research, 
                development, or use of a technology under a cooperative 
                research and development agreement entered into under 
                this paragraph, including the terms under which the 
                technology may be licensed and the resulting royalties 
                may be distributed, shall be subject to the Stevenson-
                Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C. 
                3701 et seq.).
            ``(3) Waiver of advertising requirements.--Section 3709 of 
        the Revised Statutes (41 U.S.C. 5) shall not apply to a 
        contract or agreement entered into under this chapter.
    ``(b) Mandatory Elements of Program.--The Secretary shall include 
in the surface transportation research, development, and technology 
transfer programs under this section and as specified elsewhere in this 
title--
            ``(1) a coordinated long-term program of research for the 
        development, use, and dissemination of performance indicators 
        to measure the performance of the surface transportation 
        systems of the United States, including indicators for 
        productivity, efficiency, energy use, air quality, congestion, 
        safety, maintenance, and other factors that reflect the overall 
        performance of the system; and
            ``(2) a program to strengthen and expand surface 
        transportation infrastructure research, development, and 
        technology transfer, which shall include, at a minimum--
                    ``(A) methods and materials for improving the 
                durability of surface transportation infrastructure 
                facilities and extending the life of bridge structures, 
                including new and innovative technologies to reduce 
                corrosion;
                    ``(B) a research and development program directed 
                toward the reduction of costs, and the mitigation of 
                impacts, associated with the construction of highways 
                and mass transit systems;
                    ``(C) a surface transportation research program to 
                develop nondestructive evaluation equipment for use 
                with existing infrastructure facilities and with next-
                generation infrastructure facilities that use advanced 
                materials;
                    ``(D)(i) information technology, including 
                appropriate computer programs to collect and analyze 
                data on the status of infrastructure facilities 
                described in subparagraph (C) with respect to enhancing 
                management, growth, and capacity; and
                    ``(ii) dynamic simulation models of surface 
                transportation systems for--
                            ``(I) predicting capacity, safety, and 
                        infrastructure durability problems;
                            ``(II) evaluating planned research 
                        projects; and
                            ``(III) testing the strengths and 
                        weaknesses of proposed revisions to surface 
                        transportation operation programs;
                    ``(E) new innovative technologies to enhance and 
                facilitate field construction and rehabilitation 
                techniques for minimizing disruption during repair and 
                maintenance of structures;
                    ``(F) initiatives to improve the ability of the 
                United States to respond to emergencies and natural 
                disasters and to enhance national defense mobility;
                    ``(G) an evaluation of traffic calming measures 
                that promote community preservation, transportation 
                mode choice, and safety; and
                    ``(H) research on telecommuting, research on the 
                linkages between transportation, information 
                technology, and community development, and research on 
                the impacts of technological change and economic 
                restructuring on travel demand.
    ``(c) Report on Goals, Milestones, and Accomplishments.--The goals, 
milestones, and accomplishments relevant to each of the mandatory 
program elements described in subsection (b) shall be specified in the 
report required under section 5221(d) of title 49.''.

SEC. 2006. ADVANCED RESEARCH PROGRAM.

    Subchapter I of chapter 5 of title 23, United States Code (as added 
by section 2005), is amended by adding at the end the following:
``Sec. 503. Advanced research program
    ``(a) Establishment.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall establish an 
        advanced research program within the Federal Highway 
        Administration to address longer-term, higher-risk research 
        that shows potential benefits for improving the durability, 
        mobility, efficiency, environmental impact, productivity, and 
        safety of transportation systems.
            ``(2) Development of partnerships.--In carrying out the 
        program, the Secretary shall attempt to develop partnerships 
        with the public and private sectors.
    ``(b) Grants, Cooperative Agreements, and Contracts.--Under the 
program, the Secretary may make grants and enter into cooperative 
agreements and contracts for advanced research.
    ``(c) Authorization of Contract Authority.--
            ``(1) In general.--There shall be available from the 
        Highway Trust Fund (other than the Mass Transit Account) to 
        carry out this section $5,000,000 for fiscal year 1998, 
        $7,000,000 for fiscal year 1999, $9,000,000 for fiscal year 
        2000, and $10,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2001 through 
        2003.
            ``(2) Contract authority.--Funds authorized under this 
        section shall be available for obligation in the same manner as 
        if the funds were apportioned under chapter 1, except that the 
        Federal share of the cost of any activity funded under this 
        subsection shall be determined by the Secretary.''.

SEC. 2007. LONG-TERM PAVEMENT PERFORMANCE PROGRAM.

    Subchapter I of chapter 5 of title 23, United States Code (as 
amended by section 2006), is amended by adding at the end the 
following:
``Sec. 504. Long-term pavement performance program
    ``(a) Authority.--The Secretary shall complete the long-term 
pavement performance program tests initiated under the strategic 
highway research program established under section 307(d) (as in effect 
on the day before the date of enactment of this section) and continued 
by the Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 (Public 
Law 102-240) through the midpoint of a planned 20-year life of the 
long-term pavement performance program (referred to in this section as 
the `program').
    ``(b) Grants, Cooperative Agreements, and Contracts.--Under the 
program, the Secretary shall make grants and enter into cooperative 
agreements and contracts to--
            ``(1) monitor, material-test, and evaluate highway test 
        sections in existence as of the date of the grant, agreement, 
        or contract;
            ``(2) analyze the data obtained in carrying out paragraph 
        (1); and
            ``(3) prepare products to fulfill program objectives and 
        meet future pavement technology needs.
    ``(c) Authorization of Contract Authority.--
            ``(1) In general.--There shall be available from the 
        Highway Trust Fund (other than the Mass Transit Account) to 
        carry out this section $15,000,000 for each of fiscal years 
        1998 through 2003.
            ``(2) Contract authority.--Funds authorized under this 
        subsection shall be available for obligation in the same manner 
        as if the funds were apportioned under chapter 1, except that--
                    ``(A) the Federal share of the cost of any activity 
                funded under this section shall be determined by the 
                Secretary; and
                    ``(B) the funds shall remain available for 
                obligation for a period of 3 years after the last day 
                of the fiscal year for which the funds are 
                authorized.''.

SEC. 2008. STATE PLANNING AND RESEARCH PROGRAM.

    Subchapter I of chapter 5 of title 23, United States Code (as 
amended by section 2007), is amended by adding at the end the 
following:
``Sec. 505. State planning and research program
    ``(a) In General.--
            ``(1) Availability of funds.--Two percent of the sums 
        apportioned for fiscal year 1998 and each fiscal year 
        thereafter to any State under section 104 (except section 
        104(f)) and any transfers or additions to the surface 
        transportation program under section 133 shall be available for 
        expenditure by the State transportation department, in 
        consultation with the Secretary, in accordance with this 
        section.
            ``(2) Use of funds.--The sums referred to in paragraph (1) 
        shall be available only for--
                    ``(A) intermodal metropolitan, statewide, and 
                nonmetropolitan planning under sections 134 and 135;
                    ``(B) development and implementation of management 
                systems referred to in section 303;
                    ``(C) studies, research, development, and 
                technology transfer activities necessary for the 
                planning, design, construction, management, operation, 
                maintenance, regulation, and taxation of the use of 
                surface transportation systems, including training and 
                accreditation of inspection and testing on engineering 
                standards and construction materials for the systems; 
                and
                    ``(D) studies of the economy, safety, and 
                convenience of surface transportation usage and the 
                desirable regulation and equitable taxation of surface 
                transportation usage.
    ``(b) Minimum Expenditures on Studies, Research, Development, and 
Technology Transfer Activities.--
            ``(1) In general.--For each fiscal year, not less than 25 
        percent of the funds of a State that are subject to subsection 
        (a) shall be expended by the State transportation department 
        for studies, research, development, and technology transfer 
        activities described in subparagraphs (C) and (D) of subsection 
        (a)(2) unless the State certifies to the Secretary for the 
        fiscal year that the total expenditures by the State 
        transportation department for transportation planning under 
        sections 134 and 135 will exceed 75 percent of the amount of 
        the funds and the Secretary accepts the certification.
            ``(2) Exemption from small business assessment.--Funds 
        expended under paragraph (1) shall not be considered to be part 
        of the extramural budget of the agency for the purpose of 
        section 9 of the Small Business Act (15 U.S.C. 638).
    ``(c) Federal Share.--The Federal share of the cost of a project 
financed with funds referred to in subsection (a) shall be 80 percent 
unless the Secretary determines that the interests of the Federal-aid 
highway program would be best served by decreasing or eliminating the 
non-Federal share.
    ``(d) Administration of Funds.--Funds referred to in subsection (a) 
shall be combined and administered by the Secretary as a single fund, 
which shall be available for obligation for the same period as funds 
apportioned under section 104(b)(1).''.

SEC. 2009. EDUCATION AND TRAINING.

    Subchapter I of chapter 5 of title 23, United States Code (as 
amended by section 2008), is amended by adding at the end the 
following:
``Sec. 506. Education and training
    ``(a) Local Technical Assistance Program.--
            ``(1) Authority.--The Secretary shall carry out a 
        transportation assistance program that will provide access to 
        modern highway technology to--
                    ``(A) highway and transportation agencies in 
                urbanized areas with populations of between 50,000 and 
                1,000,000 individuals;
                    ``(B) highway and transportation agencies in rural 
                areas; and
                    ``(C) contractors that do work for the agencies.
            ``(2) Grants, cooperative agreements, and contracts.--The 
        Secretary may make grants and enter into cooperative agreements 
        and contracts to provide education and training, technical 
        assistance, and related support services that will--
                    ``(A) assist rural, local transportation agencies 
                and tribal governments, and the consultants and 
                construction personnel working for the agencies and 
                governments, to--
                            ``(i) develop and expand their expertise in 
                        road and transportation areas (including 
                        pavement, bridge, safety management systems, 
                        and traffic safety countermeasures);
                            ``(ii) improve roads and bridges;
                            ``(iii) enhance--
                                    ``(I) programs for the movement of 
                                passengers and freight; and
                                    ``(II) intergovernmental 
                                transportation planning and project 
                                selection; and
                            ``(iv) deal effectively with special 
                        transportation-related problems by preparing 
                        and providing training packages, manuals, 
                        guidelines, and technical resource materials;
                    ``(B) identify, package, and deliver transportation 
                technology and traffic safety information to local 
                jurisdictions to assist urban transportation agencies 
                in developing and expanding their ability to deal 
                effectively with transportation-related problems;
                    ``(C) operate, in cooperation with State 
                transportation departments and universities--
                            ``(i) local technical assistance program 
                        centers to provide transportation technology 
                        transfer services to rural areas and to 
                        urbanized areas with populations of between 
                        50,000 and 1,000,000 individuals; and
                            ``(ii) local technical assistance program 
                        centers designated to provide transportation 
                        technical assistance to Indian tribal 
                        governments; and
                    ``(D) allow local transportation agencies and 
                tribal governments, in cooperation with the private 
                sector, to enhance new technology implementation.
            ``(3) Authorization of contract authority.--
                    ``(A) In general.--There shall be available from 
                the Highway Trust Fund (other than the Mass Transit 
                Account) $7,000,000 for fiscal year 1998, $7,000,000 
                for fiscal year 1999, $7,000,000 for fiscal year 2000, 
                $8,000,000 for fiscal year 2001, $8,000,000 for fiscal 
                year 2002, and $8,000,000 for fiscal year 2003 to be 
                used to develop and administer the program established 
                under this section and to provide technical and 
                financial support for the centers operated under 
                paragraph (2)(C).
                    ``(B) Contract authority.--Funds authorized under 
                this paragraph shall be available for obligation in the 
                same manner as if the funds were apportioned under 
                chapter 1, except that--
                            ``(i) the Federal share of the cost of any 
                        activity under this subsection shall be 
                        determined by the Secretary; and
                            ``(ii) the funds shall remain available for 
                        obligation for a period of 3 years after the 
                        last day of the fiscal year for which the funds 
                        are authorized.
    ``(b) National Highway Institute.--
            ``(1) Establishment; duties; programs.--
                    ``(A) Establishment.--The Secretary shall establish 
                and operate in the Federal Highway Administration a 
                National Highway Institute (referred to in this 
                subsection as the `Institute').
                    ``(B) Duties.--
                            ``(i) Institute.--In cooperation with State 
                        transportation departments, United States 
                        industry, and any national or international 
                        entity, the Institute shall develop and 
                        administer education and training programs of 
                        instruction for--
                                    ``(I) Federal Highway 
                                Administration, State, and local 
                                transportation agency employees;
                                    ``(II) regional, State, and 
                                metropolitan planning organizations;
                                    ``(III) State and local police, 
                                public safety, and motor vehicle 
                                employees; and
                                    ``(IV) United States citizens and 
                                foreign nationals engaged or to be 
                                engaged in surface transportation work 
                                of interest to the United States.
                            ``(ii) Secretary.--The Secretary shall 
                        administer, through the Institute, the 
                        authority vested in the Secretary by this title 
                        or by any other law for the development and 
                        conduct of education and training programs 
                        relating to highways.
                    ``(C) Types of programs.--Programs that the 
                Institute may develop and administer may include 
                courses in modern developments, techniques, methods, 
                regulations, management, and procedures relating to--
                            ``(i) surface transportation;
                            ``(ii) environmental factors;
                            ``(iii) acquisition of rights-of-way;
                            ``(iv) relocation assistance;
                            ``(v) engineering;
                            ``(vi) safety;
                            ``(vii) construction;
                            ``(viii) maintenance;
                            ``(ix) operations;
                            ``(x) contract administration;
                            ``(xi) motor carrier activities;
                            ``(xii) inspection; and
                            ``(xiii) highway finance.
            ``(2) Set-aside; federal share.--Not to exceed \1/4\ of 1 
        percent of the funds apportioned to a State under section 
        104(b)(3) for the surface transportation program shall be 
        available for expenditure by the State transportation 
        department for the payment of not to exceed 80 percent of the 
        cost of tuition and direct educational expenses (excluding 
        travel, subsistence, or salaries) in connection with the 
        education and training of employees of State and local 
        transportation agencies in accordance with this subsection.
            ``(3) Federal responsibility.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Except as provided in 
                subparagraph (B), education and training of employees 
                of Federal, State, and local transportation (including 
                highway) agencies authorized under this subsection may 
                be provided--
                            ``(i) by the Secretary at no cost to the 
                        States and local governments if the Secretary 
                        determines that provision at no cost is in the 
                        public interest; or
                            ``(ii) by the State through grants, 
                        cooperative agreements, and contracts with 
                        public and private agencies, institutions, 
                        individuals, and the Institute.
                    ``(B) Payment of full cost by private persons.--
                Private agencies, international or foreign entities, 
                and individuals shall pay the full cost of any 
                education and training received by them unless the 
                Secretary determines that a lower cost is of critical 
                importance to the public interest.
            ``(4) Training fellowships; cooperation.--The Institute 
        may--
                    ``(A) engage in training activities authorized 
                under this subsection, including the granting of 
                training fellowships; and
                    ``(B) carry out its authority independently or in 
                cooperation with any other branch of the Federal 
                Government or any State agency, authority, association, 
                institution, for-profit or nonprofit corporation, other 
                national or international entity, or other person.
            ``(5) Collection of fees.--
                    ``(A) General rule.--In accordance with this 
                subsection, the Institute may assess and collect fees 
                solely to defray the costs of the Institute in 
                developing or administering education and training 
                programs under this subsection.
                    ``(B) Limitation.--Fees may be assessed and 
                collected under this subsection only in a manner that 
                may reasonably be expected to result in the collection 
                of fees during any fiscal year in an aggregate amount 
                that does not exceed the aggregate amount of the costs 
                referred to in subparagraph (A) for the fiscal year.
                    ``(C) Persons subject to fees.--Fees may be 
                assessed and collected under this subsection only with 
                respect to--
                            ``(i) persons and entities for whom 
                        education or training programs are developed or 
                        administered under this subsection; and
                            ``(ii) persons and entities to whom 
                        education or training is provided under this 
                        subsection.
                    ``(D) Amount of fees.--The fees assessed and 
                collected under this subsection shall be established in 
                a manner that ensures that the liability of any person 
                or entity for a fee is reasonably based on the 
                proportion of the costs referred to in subparagraph (A) 
                that relate to the person or entity.
                    ``(E) Use.--All fees collected under this 
                subsection shall be used to defray costs associated 
                with the development or administration of education and 
                training programs authorized under this subsection.
            ``(6) Funding.--
                    ``(A) Authorization of contract authority.--There 
                shall be available from the Highway Trust Fund (other 
                than the Mass Transit Account) to carry out this 
                subsection $5,000,000 for fiscal year 1998, $5,000,000 
                for fiscal year 1999, $5,000,000 for fiscal year 2000, 
                $6,000,000 for fiscal year 2001, $6,000,000 for fiscal 
                year 2002, and $6,000,000 for fiscal year 2003.
                    ``(B) Relation to fees.--The funds provided under 
                this paragraph may be combined with or held separate 
                from the fees collected under paragraph (5).
                    ``(C) Contract authority.--Funds authorized under 
                this paragraph shall be available for obligation in the 
                same manner as if the funds were apportioned under 
                chapter 1, except that--
                            ``(i) the Federal share of the cost of any 
                        activity under this subsection shall be 
                        determined by the Secretary; and
                            ``(ii) the funds shall remain available for 
                        obligation for a period of 1 year after the 
                        last day of the fiscal year for which the funds 
                        are authorized.
            ``(7) Contracts.--Section 3709 of the Revised Statutes (41 
        U.S.C. 5) shall not apply to a contract or agreement entered 
        into under this subsection.
    ``(c) Dwight David Eisenhower Transportation Fellowship Program.--
            ``(1) General authority.--The Secretary, acting 
        independently or in cooperation with other Federal departments, 
        agencies, and instrumentalities, may make grants for 
        fellowships for any purpose for which research, technology, or 
        capacity building is authorized under this chapter.
            ``(2) Dwight david eisenhower transportation fellowship 
        program.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall carry out a 
                transportation fellowship program, to be known as the 
                `Dwight David Eisenhower Transportation Fellowship 
                Program', for the purpose of attracting qualified 
                students to the field of transportation.
                    ``(B) Types of fellowships.--The program shall 
                offer fellowships at the junior through postdoctoral 
                levels of college education.
                    ``(C) Citizenship.--Each recipient of a fellowship 
                under the program shall be a United States citizen.
            ``(3) Authorization of contract authority.--
                    ``(A) In general.--There shall be available from 
                the Highway Trust Fund (other than the Mass Transit 
                Account) to carry out this subsection $2,000,000 for 
                each of fiscal years 1998 through 2003.
                    ``(B) Contract authority.--Funds authorized under 
                this paragraph shall be available for obligation in the 
                same manner as if the funds were apportioned under 
                chapter 1, except that--
                            ``(i) the Federal share of the cost of any 
                        activity funded under this subsection shall be 
                        determined by the Secretary; and
                            ``(ii) the funds shall remain available for 
                        obligation for a period of 1 year after the 
                        last day of the fiscal year for which the funds 
                        are authorized.
    ``(d) Highway Construction Training Programs.--
            ``(1) Use of funds by the secretary.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The Secretary, in cooperation 
                with any other department or agency of the Federal 
                Government, State agency, authority, association, 
                institution, Indian tribal government, for-profit or 
                nonprofit corporation, or other organization or person, 
                may--
                            ``(i) develop, conduct, and administer 
                        highway construction and technology training, 
                        including skill improvement, programs; and
                            ``(ii) develop and fund Summer 
                        Transportation Institutes.
                    ``(B) Waiver of advertising requirements.--Section 
                3709 of the Revised Statutes (41 U.S.C. 5) shall not 
                apply to a contract or agreement entered into by the 
                Secretary under this subsection.
                    ``(C) Funding.--
                            ``(i) In general.--Before making 
                        apportionments under section 104(b) for a 
                        fiscal year, the Secretary shall deduct such 
                        sums as the Secretary determines are necessary, 
                        but not to exceed $10,000,000 for each fiscal 
                        year, to carry out this subsection.
                            ``(ii) Availability.--Sums deducted under 
                        clause (i) shall remain available until 
                        expended.
            ``(2) Use of funds apportioned to states.--Notwithstanding 
        any other provision of law, upon request of a State 
        transportation department to the Secretary, not to exceed \1/2\ 
        of 1 percent of the funds apportioned to the State for a fiscal 
        year under paragraphs (1) and (3) of section 104(b) may be made 
        available to carry out this subsection.
            ``(3) Reservation of training positions for individuals 
        receiving welfare assistance.--In carrying out this subsection, 
        the Secretary and States may reserve training positions for 
        individuals who receive welfare assistance from a State.''.

SEC. 2010. INTERNATIONAL HIGHWAY TRANSPORTATION OUTREACH PROGRAM.

    (a) In General.--Title 23, United States Code, is amended--
            (1) by redesignating section 325 as section 507;
            (2) by moving that section to appear at the end of 
        subchapter I of chapter 5 (as amended by section 2009);
            (3) in subsection (a) of that section, by inserting ``, 
        goods, and services'' after ``expertise''; and
            (4) by striking subsection (c) of that section and 
        inserting the following:
    ``(c) Use of Funds.--
            ``(1) Funds deposited in special account.--Funds available 
        to carry out this section shall include funds deposited by any 
        cooperating organization or person in a special account for the 
        program established under this section with the Secretary of 
        the Treasury.
            ``(2) Use of funds.--The funds deposited in the special 
        account and other funds available to carry out this section 
        shall be available to pay the cost of any activity eligible 
        under this section, including the cost of promotional 
        materials, travel, reception and representation expenses, and 
        salaries and benefits of officers and employees of the 
        Department of Transportation.
            ``(3) Reimbursements.--Reimbursements for the salaries and 
        benefits of Federal Highway Administration employees who 
        provide services under this section shall be credited to the 
        special account.
    ``(d) Eligible Use of State Planning and Research Funds.--A State, 
in coordination with the Secretary, may obligate funds made available 
to carry out section 505 for any activity authorized under subsection 
(a).''.
    (b) Conforming Amendment.--The analysis for chapter 3 of title 23, 
United States Code, is amended by striking the item relating to section 
325.

SEC. 2011. NATIONAL TECHNOLOGY DEPLOYMENT INITIATIVES AND PARTNERSHIPS 
              PROGRAM.

    Subchapter I of chapter 5 of title 23, United States Code (as 
amended by section 2010), is amended by adding at the end the 
following:
``Sec. 508. National technology deployment initiatives and partnerships 
              program
    ``(a) Establishment.--The Secretary shall develop and administer a 
national technology deployment initiatives and partnerships program 
(referred to in this section as the `program').
    ``(b) Purpose.--The purpose of the program is to significantly 
accelerate the adoption of innovative technologies by the surface 
transportation community.
    ``(c) Deployment Goals.--
            ``(1) Establishment.--Not later than 180 days after the 
        date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall establish 
        not more than 5 deployment goals to carry out subsection (a).
            ``(2) Design.--Each of the goals and the program developed 
        to achieve the goals shall be designed to provide tangible 
        benefits, with respect to transportation systems, in the areas 
        of efficiency, safety, reliability, service life, environmental 
        protection, or sustainability.
            ``(3) Strategies for achievement.--For each goal, the 
        Secretary, in cooperation with representatives of the 
        transportation community such as States, local governments, the 
        private sector, and academia, shall use domestic and 
        international technology to develop strategies and initiatives 
        to achieve the goal, including technical assistance in 
        deploying technology and mechanisms for sharing information 
        among program participants.
    ``(d) Continuation of SHRP Partnerships.--Under the program, the 
Secretary shall continue the partnerships established through the 
strategic highway research program established under section 307(d) (as 
in effect on the day before the date of enactment of this section).
    ``(e) Grants, Cooperative Agreements, and Contracts.--Under the 
program, the Secretary may make grants and enter into cooperative 
agreements and contracts to foster alliances and support efforts to 
stimulate advances in transportation technology, including--
            ``(1) the testing and evaluation of products of the 
        strategic highway research program;
            ``(2) the further development and implementation of 
        technology in areas such as the Superpave system and the use of 
        lithium salts to prevent and mitigate alkali silica reactivity; 
        and
            ``(3) the provision of support for long-term pavement 
        performance product implementation and technology access.
    ``(f) Reports.--Not later than 18 months after the date of 
enactment of this section, and biennially thereafter, the Secretary 
shall submit to the Committee on Environment and Public Works of the 
Senate and the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of the 
House of Representatives a report on the progress and results of 
activities carried out under this section.
    ``(g) Funding.--
            ``(1) Authorization of contract authority.--There shall be 
        available from the Highway Trust Fund (other than the Mass 
        Transit Account) to carry out this section $50,000,000 for each 
        of fiscal years 1998 through 2003, of which not less than 
        $500,000 shall be made available to carry out the study under 
        section 511.
            ``(2) Contract authority.--Funds authorized under this 
        subsection shall be available for obligation in the same manner 
        as if the funds were apportioned under chapter 1, except that--
                    ``(A) the Federal share of the cost of any activity 
                under this section shall be determined by the 
                Secretary; and
                    ``(B) the funds shall remain available for 
                obligation for a period of 3 years after the last day 
                of the fiscal year for which the funds are authorized.
            ``(3) Allocation.--To the extent appropriate to achieve the 
        goals established under subsection (c), the Secretary may 
        further allocate funds made available under this subsection to 
        States for their use.''.

SEC. 2012. INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENT NEEDS REPORT.

    Subchapter I of chapter 5 of title 23, United States Code (as 
amended by section 2011), is amended by adding at the end the 
following:
``Sec. 509. Infrastructure investment needs report
    ``(a) In General.--Not later than January 31, 1999, and January 31 
of every second year thereafter, the Secretary shall report to the 
Committee on Environment and Public Works of the Senate and the 
Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of the House of 
Representatives on--
            ``(1) estimates of the future highway and bridge needs of 
        the United States; and
            ``(2) the backlog of current highway and bridge needs.
    ``(b) Format.--Each report under subsection (a) shall, at a 
minimum, include explanatory materials, data, and tables comparable in 
format to the report submitted in 1995 under section 307(h) (as in 
effect on the day before the date of enactment of this section).''.

SEC. 2013. INNOVATIVE BRIDGE RESEARCH AND CONSTRUCTION PROGRAM.

    Subchapter I of chapter 5 of title 23, United States Code (as 
amended by section 2012), is amended by adding at the end the 
following:
``Sec. 510. Innovative bridge research and construction program
    ``(a) In General.--The Secretary shall establish and carry out a 
program to demonstrate the application of innovative material 
technology in the construction of bridges and other structures.
    ``(b) Goals.--The goals of the program shall include--
            ``(1) the development of new, cost-effective innovative 
        material highway bridge applications;
            ``(2) the reduction of maintenance costs and life-cycle 
        costs of bridges, including the costs of new construction, 
        replacement, or rehabilitation of deficient bridges;
            ``(3) the development of construction techniques to 
        increase safety and reduce construction time and traffic 
        congestion;
            ``(4) the development of engineering design criteria for 
        innovative products and materials for use in highway bridges 
        and structures;
            ``(5) the development of cost-effective and innovative 
        techniques to separate vehicle and pedestrian traffic from 
        railroad traffic;
            ``(6) the development of highway bridges and structures 
        that will withstand natural disasters, including alternative 
        processes for the seismic retrofit of bridges; and
            ``(7) the development of new nondestructive bridge 
        evaluation technologies and techniques.
    ``(c) Grants, Cooperative Agreements, and Contracts.--
            ``(1) In general.--Under the program, the Secretary shall 
        make grants to, and enter into cooperative agreements and 
        contracts with--
                    ``(A) States, other Federal agencies, universities 
                and colleges, private sector entities, and nonprofit 
                organizations to pay the Federal share of the cost of 
                research, development, and technology transfer 
                concerning innovative materials; and
                    ``(B) States to pay the Federal share of the cost 
                of repair, rehabilitation, replacement, and new 
                construction of bridges or structures that demonstrates 
                the application of innovative materials.
            ``(2) Grants.--
                    ``(A) Applications.--
                            ``(i) Submission.--To receive a grant under 
                        this section, an entity described in paragraph 
                        (1) shall submit an application to the 
                        Secretary.
                            ``(ii) Contents.--The application shall be 
                        in such form and contain such information as 
                        the Secretary may require.
                    ``(B) Approval criteria.--The Secretary shall 
                select and approve applications for grants under this 
                section based on whether the project that is the 
                subject of the grant meets the goals of the program 
                described in subsection (b).
    ``(d) Technology and Information Transfer.--The Secretary shall 
take such action as is necessary to ensure that the information and 
technology resulting from research conducted under subsection (c) is 
made available to State and local transportation departments and other 
interested parties as specified by the Secretary.
    ``(e) Federal Share.--The Federal share of the cost of a project 
under this section shall be determined by the Secretary.
    ``(f) Authorization of Contract Authority.--
            ``(1) In general.--There shall be available from the 
        Highway Trust Fund (other than the Mass Transit Account)--
                    ``(A) to carry out subsection (c)(1)(A) $1,000,000 
                for each of fiscal years 1998 through 2003; and
                    ``(B) to carry out subsection (c)(1)(B)--
                            ``(i) $10,000,000 for fiscal year 1998;
                            ``(ii) $15,000,000 for fiscal year 1999;
                            ``(iii) $17,000,000 for fiscal year 2000; 
                        and
                            ``(iv) $20,000,000 for each of fiscal years 
                        2001 through 2003.
            ``(2) Contract authority.--Funds authorized under this 
        subsection shall be made available for obligation in the same 
        manner as if the funds were apportioned under chapter 1, except 
        that the Federal share of the cost of a project under this 
        section shall be determined in accordance with this section.''.

SEC. 2014. USE OF BUREAU OF INDIAN AFFAIRS ADMINISTRATIVE FUNDS.

    Section 204(b) of title 23, United States Code, is amended in the 
last sentence by striking ``326'' and inserting ``506''.

SEC. 2015. STUDY OF FUTURE STRATEGIC HIGHWAY RESEARCH PROGRAM.

    Subchapter I of chapter 5 of title 23, United States Code (as 
amended by section 2013), is amended by adding at the end the 
following:
``Sec. 511. Study of future strategic highway research program
    ``(a) Study.--
            ``(1) In general.--Not later than 120 days after the date 
        of enactment of this section, the Secretary shall make a grant 
        to, or enter into a cooperative agreement or contract with, the 
        Transportation Research Board of the National Academy of 
        Sciences (referred to in this section as the `Board') to 
        conduct a study to determine the goals, purposes, research 
        agenda and projects, administrative structure, and fiscal needs 
        for a new strategic highway research program to replace the 
        program established under section 307(d) (as in effect on the 
        day before the date of enactment of this section), or a similar 
        effort.
            ``(2) Consultation.--In conducting the study, the Board 
        shall consult with the American Association of State Highway 
        and Transportation Officials and such other entities as the 
        Board determines to be necessary to the conduct of the study.
    ``(b) Report.--Not later than 5 years after making a grant or 
entering into a cooperative agreement or contract under subsection (a), 
the Board shall submit a final report on the results of the study to 
the Secretary, the Committee on Environment and Public Works of the 
Senate, and the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of the 
House of Representatives.''.

SEC. 2016. ADVANCED VEHICLE TECHNOLOGIES PROGRAM.

    (a) In General.--Subchapter I of chapter 3 of subtitle I of title 
49, United States Code, is amended by adding at the end the following:
``Sec. 310. Advanced vehicle technologies program
    ``(a) Purposes.--The Secretary of Transportation, in coordination 
with other government agencies and private consortia, shall encourage 
and promote the research, development, and deployment of transportation 
technologies that will use technological advances in multimodal 
vehicles, vehicle components, environmental technologies, and related 
infrastructure to remove impediments to an efficient and cost-effective 
national transportation system.
    ``(b) Definition of Eligible Consortium.--In this section, the term 
`eligible consortium' means a consortium that receives funding under 
the Department of Defense Appropriations Act, 1993 (Public Law 102-396; 
106 Stat. 1876), and that comprises 2 or more of the following 
entities:
            ``(1) Businesses incorporated in the United States.
            ``(2) Public or private educational or research 
        organizations located in the United States.
            ``(3) Entities of State or local governments in the United 
        States.
            ``(4) Federal laboratories.
    ``(c) Program.--The Secretary shall enter into contracts, 
cooperative agreements, and other transactions as authorized by section 
2371 of title 10 with, and make grants to, eligible consortia to 
promote the development and deployment of innovation in transportation 
technology services, management, and operational practices.
    ``(d) Eligibility Criteria.--To be eligible to receive assistance 
under this section, an eligible consortium shall--
            ``(1) for a period of not less than the 3 years preceding 
        the date of a contract, cooperative agreement, or other 
        transaction, be organized on a statewide or multistate basis 
        for the purpose of designing, developing, and deploying 
        transportation technologies that address identified 
        technological impediments in the transportation field;
            ``(2) facilitate the participation in the consortium of 
        small- and medium-sized businesses, utilities, public 
        laboratories and universities, and other relevant entities;
            ``(3) be actively engaged in transportation technology 
        projects that address compliance in nonattainment areas under 
        the Clean Air Act (42 U.S.C. 7401 et seq.);
            ``(4) be designed to use Federal and State funding to 
        attract private capital in the form of grants or investments to 
        carry out this section; and
            ``(5) ensure that at least 50 percent of the funding for 
        the consortium project will be provided by non-Federal sources.
    ``(e) Proposals.--The Secretary shall prescribe such terms and 
conditions as the Secretary determines to be appropriate for the 
content and structure of proposals submitted for assistance under this 
section.
    ``(f) Reporting Requirements.--At least once each year, the 
Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Transportation and 
Infrastructure of the House of Representatives and the Committee on 
Environment and Public Works of the Senate a report on the projects 
undertaken by the eligible consortia and the progress made in advancing 
the purposes of this section.
    ``(g) Authorization of Appropriations.--
            ``(1) In general.--There is authorized to be appropriated 
        to carry out this section $50,000,000 for each of fiscal years 
        1998 through 2003, to remain available until expended.
            ``(2) Availability.--Notwithstanding section 118(a), funds 
        made available under paragraph (1) shall not be available in 
        advance of an annual appropriation.''.
    (b) Conforming Amendment.--The analysis for subchapter I of chapter 
3 of subtitle I of title 49, United States Code, is amended by adding 
at the end the following:

``310. Advanced vehicle technologies program.''.

SEC. 2017. TRANSPORTATION AND ENVIRONMENT COOPERATIVE RESEARCH PROGRAM.

    Subchapter I of chapter 5 of title 23, United States Code (as 
amended by section 2015), is amended by adding at the end the 
following:
``Sec. 512. Transportation and environment cooperative research program
    ``(a) In General.--The Secretary shall establish and carry out a 
transportation and environment cooperative research program.
    ``(b) Advisory Board.--
            ``(1) Establishment.--In consultation with the Secretary of 
        Energy and the Administrator of the Environmental Protection 
        Agency, the Secretary shall establish an advisory board to 
        recommend environmental and energy conservation research, 
        technology, and technology transfer activities related to 
        surface transportation.
            ``(2) Membership.--The advisory board shall include--
                    ``(A) representatives of State transportation and 
                environmental agencies;
                    ``(B) transportation and environmental scientists 
                and engineers; and
                    ``(C) representatives of metropolitan planning 
                organizations, transit operating agencies, and 
                environmental organizations.
            ``(3) Development of research priorities.--In developing 
        recommendations for priorities for research described in 
        paragraph (1), the advisory board shall consider the research 
        recommendations of the National Research Council report 
        entitled `Environmental Research Needs in Transportation'.
            ``(4) Applicability of federal advisory committee act.--The 
        Federal Advisory Committee Act (5 U.S.C. App.) shall not apply 
        to the advisory board.
    ``(c) National Academy of Sciences.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary may make grants to, and 
        enter into cooperative agreements with, the National Academy of 
        Sciences to carry out such activities related to the research, 
        technology, and technology transfer activities described in 
        subsection (b)(1) as the Secretary determines to be 
        appropriate.
            ``(2) Ecosystem integrity study.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall give 
                priority to conducting a study of, and preparing a 
                report on, the relationship between highway density and 
                ecosystem integrity, including an analysis of the 
                habitat-level impacts of highway density on the overall 
                health of ecosystems.
                    ``(B) Proposal of rapid assessment methodology.--To 
                aid transportation and regulatory agencies, the report 
                shall propose a rapid assessment methodology for 
                determining the relationship between highway density 
                and ecosystem integrity.
    ``(d) Authorization of Appropriations.--
            ``(1) In general.--There is authorized to be appropriated 
        to carry out this section $5,000,000 for each of fiscal years 
        1998 through 2003.
            ``(2) Availability.--Notwithstanding section 118(a), funds 
        made available under paragraph (1) shall not be available in 
        advance of an annual appropriation.''.

SEC. 2018. RECYCLED MATERIALS RESOURCE CENTER.

    Subchapter I of chapter 5 of title 23, United States Code (as 
amended by section 2017), is amended by adding at the end the 
following:
``Sec. 513. Recycled materials resource center
    ``(a) Establishment.--The Secretary shall establish at the 
University of New Hampshire a research program to be known as the 
`Recycled Materials Resource Center' (referred to in this section as 
the `Center').
    ``(b) Activities.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Center shall--
                    ``(A) systematically test, evaluate, develop 
                appropriate guidelines for, and demonstrate 
                environmentally acceptable and occupationally safe 
                technologies and techniques for the increased use of 
                traditional and nontraditional recycled and secondary 
                materials in transportation infrastructure construction 
                and maintenance;
                    ``(B) make information available to State 
                transportation departments, the Federal Highway 
                Administration, the construction industry, and other 
                interested parties to assist in evaluating proposals to 
                use traditional and nontraditional recycled and 
                secondary materials in transportation infrastructure 
                construction;
                    ``(C) encourage the increased use of traditional 
                and nontraditional recycled and secondary materials by 
                using sound science to analyze thoroughly all potential 
                long-term considerations that affect the physical and 
                environmental performance of the materials; and
                    ``(D) work cooperatively with Federal and State 
                officials to reduce the institutional barriers that 
                limit widespread use of traditional and nontraditional 
                recycled and secondary materials and to ensure that 
                such increased use is consistent with the sustained 
                environmental and physical integrity of the 
                infrastructure in which the materials are used.
            ``(2) Sites and projects under actual field conditions.--In 
        carrying out paragraph (1)(C), the Secretary may authorize the 
        Center to--
                    ``(A) use test sites and demonstration projects 
                under actual field conditions to develop appropriate 
                performance data; and
                    ``(B) develop appropriate tests and guidelines to 
                ensure correct use of recycled and secondary materials 
                in transportation infrastructure construction.
    ``(c) Review and Evaluation.--
            ``(1) In general.--Not less often than every 2 years, the 
        Secretary shall review and evaluate the program carried out by 
        the Center.
            ``(2) Notification of deficiencies.--In carrying out 
        paragraph (1), if the Secretary determines that the Center is 
        deficient in carrying out subsection (b), the Secretary shall 
        notify the Center of each deficiency and recommend specific 
        measures to address the deficiency.
            ``(3) Disqualification.--If, after the end of the 180-day 
        period that begins on the date of notification to the Center 
        under paragraph (2), the Secretary determines that the Center 
        has not corrected each deficiency identified under paragraph 
        (2), the Secretary may, after notifying the Committee on 
        Environment and Public Works of the Senate and the Committee on 
        Transportation and Infrastructure of the House of 
        Representatives of the determination, disqualify the Center 
        from further participation under this section.
    ``(d) Funding.--Of amounts made available under section 541, 
$2,000,000 shall be made available for each fiscal year to carry out 
this section.''.

SEC. 2019. CONFORMING AMENDMENTS.

    (a) Sections 307, 321, and 326 of title 23, United States Code, are 
repealed.
    (b) The analysis for chapter 3 of title 23, United States Code, is 
amended by striking the items relating to sections 307, 321, and 326.
    (c) Section 115(a)(1)(A)(i) of title 23, United States Code, is 
amended by striking ``or 307'' and inserting ``or 505''.
    (d) Section 151(d) of title 23, United States Code, is amended by 
striking ``section 307(a),'' and inserting ``section 506,''.
    (e) Section 106 of Public Law 89-564 (23 U.S.C. 403 note) is 
amended in the third sentence by striking ``sections 307 and 403 of 
title 23, United States Code,'' and inserting ``section 403 and chapter 
5 of title 23, United States Code,''.

SEC. 2020. REMOTE SENSING AND SPATIAL INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES.

    (a) In General.--The Secretary shall establish and carry out a 
program to validate remote sensing and spatial information technologies 
for application to national transportation infrastructure development 
and construction.
    (b) Program Stages.--
            (1) First stage.--Not later than 18 months after the date 
        of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall establish a 
        national policy for the use of remote sensing and spatial 
        information technologies in national transportation 
        infrastructure development and construction.
            (2) Second stage.--After establishment of the national 
        policy under paragraph (1), the Secretary shall develop new 
        applications of remote sensing and spatial information 
        technologies for the implementation of such policy.
    (c) Cooperation.--The Secretary shall carry out this section in 
cooperation with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and 
a consortium of university research centers.
    (d) Funding.--There is authorized to be appropriated to carry out 
this section $10,000,000 for fiscal year 1999 and $10,000,000 for each 
of fiscal years 2000 through 2004.

             Subtitle B--Intelligent Transportation Systems

SEC. 2101. SHORT TITLE.

    This subtitle may be cited as the ``Intelligent Transportation 
Systems Act of 1998''.

SEC. 2102. FINDINGS.

    Congress finds that--
            (1) numerous studies conducted on behalf of the Department 
        of Transportation document that investment in intelligent 
        transportation systems offers substantial benefits in 
        relationship to costs;
            (2) as a result of the investment authorized by the 
        Intelligent Transportation Systems Act of 1991 (23 U.S.C. 307 
        note; 105 Stat. 2189), progress has been made on each of the 
        goals set forth for the national intelligent transportation 
        system program in section 6052(b) of that Act; and
            (3) continued investment by the Department of 
        Transportation is needed to complete implementation of those 
        goals.

SEC. 2103. INTELLIGENT TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS.

    Chapter 5 of title 23, United States Code (as added by section 
2005), is amended by adding at the end the following:

          ``SUBCHAPTER II--INTELLIGENT TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS

``Sec. 521. Purposes
    ``The purposes of this subchapter are--
            ``(1) to expedite deployment and integration of basic 
        intelligent transportation system services for consumers of 
        passenger and freight transportation across the United States;
            ``(2) to encourage the use of intelligent transportation 
        systems to enhance international trade and domestic economic 
        productivity;
            ``(3) to encourage the use of intelligent transportation 
        systems to promote the achievement of national environmental 
        goals;
            ``(4) to continue research, development, testing, and 
        evaluation activities to continually expand the state-of-the-
        art in intelligent transportation systems;
            ``(5) to provide financial and technical assistance to 
        State and local governments and metropolitan planning 
        organizations to ensure the integration of interoperable, 
        intermodal, and cost-effective intelligent transportation 
        systems;
            ``(6) to foster regional cooperation, standards 
        implementation, and operations planning to maximize the 
        benefits of integrated and coordinated intelligent 
        transportation systems;
            ``(7) to promote the consideration of intelligent 
        transportation systems in mainstream transportation planning 
        and investment decisionmaking by ensuring that Federal and 
        State transportation officials have adequate, working knowledge 
        of intelligent transportation system technologies and 
        applications and by ensuring comprehensive funding eligibility 
        for the technologies and applications;
            ``(8) to encourage intelligent transportation system 
        training for, and technology transfer to, State and local 
        agencies;
            ``(9) to promote the deployment of intelligent 
        transportation system services in rural America so as to 
        achieve safety benefits, promote tourism, and improve quality 
        of life;
            ``(10) to promote the innovative use of private resources, 
        such as through public-private partnerships or other uses of 
        private sector investment, to support the development and 
        integration of intelligent transportation systems throughout 
        the United States;
            ``(11) to complete the Federal investment in the deployment 
        of Commercial Vehicle Information Systems and Networks by 
        September 30, 2003;
            ``(12) to facilitate intermodalism through deployment of 
        intelligent transportation systems, including intelligent 
        transportation system technologies for transit systems to 
        improve safety, efficiency, capacity, and utility for the 
        public;
            ``(13) to enhance the safe operation of motor vehicles, 
        including motorcycles, and nonmotorized vehicles on the surface 
        transportation systems of the United States, with a particular 
        emphasis on decreasing the number and severity of collisions;
            ``(14) to encourage the use of intelligent transportation 
        systems to promote the achievement of national transportation 
        safety goals, including safety at at-grade railway-highway 
        crossings; and
            ``(15) to accommodate the needs of all users of the surface 
        transportation systems of the United States, including the 
        operators of commercial vehicles, passenger vehicles, and 
        motorcycles.
``Sec. 522. Definitions
    ``In this subchapter:
            ``(1) Commercial vehicle information systems and 
        networks.--The term `Commercial Vehicle Information Systems and 
        Networks' means the information systems and communications 
        networks that support commercial vehicle operations.
            ``(2) Commercial vehicle operations.--The term `commercial 
        vehicle operations'--
                    ``(A) means motor carrier operations and motor 
                vehicle regulatory activities associated with the 
                commercial movement of goods, including hazardous 
                materials, and passengers; and
                    ``(B) with respect to the public sector, includes 
                the issuance of operating credentials, the 
                administration of motor vehicle and fuel taxes, and 
                roadside safety and border crossing inspection and 
                regulatory compliance operations.
            ``(3) Completed standard.--The term `completed standard' 
        means a standard adopted and published by the appropriate 
        standards-setting organization through a voluntary consensus 
        standardmaking process.
            ``(4) Corridor.--The term `corridor' means any major 
        transportation route that includes parallel limited access 
        highways, major arterials, or transit lines.
            ``(5) Intelligent transportation system.--The term 
        `intelligent transportation system' means electronics, 
        communications, or information processing used singly or in 
        combination to improve the efficiency or safety of a surface 
        transportation system.
            ``(6) National architecture.--The term `national 
        architecture' means the common framework for interoperability 
        adopted by the Secretary that defines--
                    ``(A) the functions associated with intelligent 
                transportation system user services;
                    ``(B) the physical entities or subsystems within 
                which the functions reside;
                    ``(C) the data interfaces and information flows 
                between physical subsystems; and
                    ``(D) the communications requirements associated 
                with the information flows.
            ``(7) Provisional standard.--The term `provisional 
        standard' means a provisional standard established by the 
        Secretary under section 529(c).
            ``(8) Standard.--The term `standard' means a document 
        that--
                    ``(A) contains technical specifications or other 
                precise criteria for intelligent transportation systems 
                that are to be used consistently as rules, guidelines, 
                or definitions of characteristics so as to ensure that 
                materials, products, processes, and services are fit 
                for their purposes; and
                    ``(B) may support the national architecture and 
                promote--
                            ``(i) the widespread use and adoption of 
                        intelligent transportation system technology as 
                        a component of the surface transportation 
                        systems of the United States; and
                            ``(ii) interoperability among intelligent 
                        transportation system technologies implemented 
                        throughout the States.
``Sec. 523. Cooperation, consultation, and analysis
    ``(a) Cooperation.--In carrying out this subchapter, the Secretary 
shall--
            ``(1) foster enhanced operation and management of the 
        surface transportation systems of the United States;
            ``(2) promote the widespread deployment of intelligent 
        transportation systems; and
            ``(3) advance emerging technologies, in cooperation with 
        State and local governments and the private sector.
    ``(b) Consultation.--As appropriate, in carrying out this 
subchapter, the Secretary shall--
            ``(1) consult with the heads of other interested Federal 
        departments and agencies; and
            ``(2) maximize the involvement of the United States private 
        sector, colleges and universities, the Federal laboratories, 
        and State and local governments in all aspects of carrying out 
        this subchapter.
    ``(c) Procurement Methods.--To meet the need for effective 
implementation of intelligent transportation system projects, the 
Secretary shall develop appropriate technical assistance and guidance 
to assist State and local agencies in evaluating and selecting 
appropriate methods of procurement for intelligent transportation 
system projects, including innovative and nontraditional methods of 
procurement.
``Sec. 524. Research, development, and training
    ``(a) In General.--The Secretary shall carry out a comprehensive 
program of intelligent transportation system research, development, 
operational testing, technical assistance and training, national 
architecture activities, standards development and implementation, and 
other similar activities that are necessary to carry out the purposes 
of this subchapter.
    ``(b) Intelligent Vehicle and Intelligent Infrastructure 
Programs.--
            ``(1) In general.--
                    ``(A) Program.--The Secretary shall carry out a 
                program to conduct research, development, and 
                engineering designed to stimulate and advance 
                deployment of an integrated intelligent vehicle program 
                and an integrated intelligent infrastructure program, 
                consisting of--
                            ``(i) projects such as crash avoidance, 
                        automated highway systems, advanced vehicle 
                        controls, and roadway safety and efficiency 
                        systems linked to intelligent vehicles; and
                            ``(ii) projects that improve mobility and 
                        the quality of the environment, including 
                        projects for traffic management, incident 
                        management, transit management, toll 
                        collection, traveler information, and traffic 
                        control systems.
                    ``(B) Consideration of vehicle and infrastructure 
                elements.--In carrying out subparagraph (A), the 
                Secretary may consider systems that include both 
                vehicle and infrastructure elements and determine the 
                most appropriate mix of those elements.
            ``(2) National architecture.--The program carried out under 
        paragraph (1) shall be consistent with the national 
        architecture.
            ``(3) Priorities.--In carrying out paragraph (1), the 
        Secretary shall give higher priority to activities that--
                    ``(A) assist motor vehicle drivers in avoiding 
                motor vehicle crashes;
                    ``(B) assist in the development of an automated 
                highway system; or
                    ``(C) improve the integration of air bag technology 
                with other on-board safety systems and maximize the 
                safety benefits of the simultaneous use of an automatic 
                restraint system and seat belts.
            ``(4) Cost sharing.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Except as provided in 
                subparagraph (B), the Federal share of the cost of a 
                research project carried out in cooperation with a non-
                Federal entity under a program carried out under 
                paragraph (1) shall not exceed 80 percent.
                    ``(B) Innovative or high-risk research projects.--
                The Federal share of the cost of an innovative or high-
                risk research project described in subparagraph (A) 
                may, at the discretion of the Secretary, be 100 
                percent.
            ``(5) Plan.--The Secretary shall--
                    ``(A) not later than 1 year after the date of 
                enactment of this subchapter, submit to Congress a 6-
                year plan specifying the goals, objectives, and 
                milestones to be achieved by each program carried out 
                under paragraph (1); and
                    ``(B) report biennially to Congress on the progress 
                in meeting the goals, objectives, and milestones.
    ``(c) Evaluation.--
            ``(1) Guidelines and requirements.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall establish 
                guidelines and requirements for the independent 
                evaluation of field and related operational tests, and, 
                if necessary, deployment projects, carried out under 
                this subchapter.
                    ``(B) Required provisions.--The guidelines and 
                requirements established under subparagraph (A) shall 
                include provisions to ensure the objectivity and 
                independence of the evaluator so as to avoid any real 
                or apparent conflict of interest or potential influence 
                on the outcome by parties to any such test or 
                deployment project or by any other formal evaluation 
                carried out under this subchapter.
            ``(2) Funding.--
                    ``(A) Small projects.--In the case of a test or 
                project with a cost of less than $5,000,000, the 
                Secretary may allocate not more than 15 percent of the 
                funds made available to carry out the test or project 
                for an evaluation of the test or project.
                    ``(B) Moderate projects.--In the case of a test or 
                project with a cost of $5,000,000 or more, but less 
                than $10,000,000, the Secretary may allocate not more 
                than 10 percent of the funds made available to carry 
                out the test or project for an evaluation of the test 
                or project.
                    ``(C) Large projects.--In the case of a test or 
                project with a cost of $10,000,000 or more, the 
                Secretary may allocate not more than 5 percent of the 
                funds made available to carry out the test or project 
                for an evaluation of the test or project.
            ``(3) Inapplicability of paperwork reduction act.--Any 
        survey, questionnaire, or interview that the Secretary 
        considers necessary to carry out the evaluation of any test or 
        program assessment activity under this subchapter shall not be 
        subject to chapter 35 of title 44.
    ``(d) Information Clearinghouse.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall--
                    ``(A) maintain a repository for technical and 
                safety data collected as a result of federally 
                sponsored projects carried out under this subchapter; 
                and
                    ``(B) on request, make that information (except for 
                proprietary information and data) readily available to 
                all users of the repository at an appropriate cost.
            ``(2) Delegation of authority.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The Secretary may delegate the 
                responsibility of the Secretary under this subsection, 
                with continuing oversight by the Secretary, to an 
                appropriate entity not within the Department of 
                Transportation.
                    ``(B) Federal assistance.--If the Secretary 
                delegates the responsibility, the entity to which the 
                responsibility is delegated shall be eligible for 
                Federal assistance under this section.
    ``(e) Traffic Incident Management and Response.--The Secretary 
shall carry out a program to advance traffic incident management and 
response technologies, strategies, and partnerships that are fully 
integrated with intelligent transportation systems.
    ``(f) Authorization of Contract Authority.--
            ``(1) In general.--There shall be available from the 
        Highway Trust Fund (other than the Mass Transit Account) to 
        carry out this section $120,000,000 for fiscal year 1998, 
        $125,000,000 for fiscal year 1999, $130,000,000 for fiscal year 
        2000, $135,000,000 for fiscal year 2001, $140,000,000 for 
        fiscal year 2002, and $150,000,000 for fiscal year 2003, of 
        which, for each fiscal year--
                    ``(A) not less than $25,000,000 shall be available 
                for activities that assist motor vehicle drivers in 
                avoiding motor vehicle crashes, including activities 
                that improve the integration of air bag technology with 
                other on-board safety systems;
                    ``(B) not less than $25,000,000 shall be available 
                for activities that assist in the development of an 
                automated highway system; and
                    ``(C) not less than $3,000,000 shall be available 
                for traffic incident management and response.
            ``(2) Contract authority.--Funds authorized under this 
        subsection shall be available for obligation in the same manner 
        as if the funds were apportioned under chapter 1.
``Sec. 525. Intelligent transportation system integration program
    ``(a) In General.--The Secretary shall conduct a comprehensive 
program (referred to in this section as the `program') to accelerate 
the integration and interoperability of intelligent transportation 
systems.
    ``(b) Selection of Projects.--
            ``(1) In general.--Under the program, the Secretary shall 
        select for funding, through competitive solicitation, projects 
        that will serve as models to improve transportation efficiency, 
        promote safety, increase traffic flow, reduce emissions of air 
        pollutants, improve traveler information, or enhance 
        alternative transportation modes.
            ``(2) Priorities.--Under the program, the Secretary shall 
        give higher priority to funding projects that--
                    ``(A) promote and foster integration strategies and 
                written agreements among local governments, States, and 
                other regional entities;
                    ``(B) build on existing (as of the date of project 
                selection) intelligent transportation system projects;
                    ``(C) deploy integrated intelligent transportation 
                system projects throughout metropolitan areas;
                    ``(D) deploy integrated intelligent transportation 
                system projects that enhance safe freight movement or 
                coordinate intermodal travel, including intermodal 
                travel at ports of entry into the United States; and
                    ``(E) advance intelligent transportation system 
                deployment projects that are consistent with the 
                national architecture and, as appropriate, comply with 
                required standards as described in section 529.
            ``(3) Continuation of partnership agreements.--The 
        Secretary shall continue through to completion public/private 
        partnership agreements previously executed to promote the 
        integration of surface transportation management systems, 
        including the integration of highway, transit, railroad and 
        emergency management systems.
    ``(c) Private Sector Involvement.--In carrying out the program, the 
Secretary shall encourage private sector involvement and financial 
commitment, to the maximum extent practicable, through innovative 
financial arrangements, especially public-private partnerships.
    ``(d) Financing and Operations Plans.--As a condition of receipt of 
funds under the program, a recipient participating in a project shall 
submit to the Secretary a multiyear financing and operations plan that 
describes how the project can be cost-effectively operated and 
maintained.
    ``(e) Authorization of Contract Authority.--
            ``(1) In general.--There shall be available from the 
        Highway Trust Fund (other than the Mass Transit Account) to 
        carry out this section $100,000,000 for fiscal year 1998, 
        $110,000,000 for fiscal year 1999, $115,000,000 for fiscal year 
        2000, $130,000,000 for fiscal year 2001, $135,000,000 for 
        fiscal year 2002, and $145,000,000 for fiscal year 2003.
            ``(2) Contract authority.--Funds authorized under this 
        subsection shall be available for obligation in the same manner 
        as if the funds were apportioned under chapter 1, except that, 
        in the case of a project funded under paragraph (1)--
                    ``(A) the Federal share of the cost of the project 
                payable from funds made available under paragraph (1) 
                shall not exceed 50 percent; and
                    ``(B) the total Federal share of the cost of the 
                project payable from all eligible sources (including 
                paragraph (1)) shall not exceed 80 percent.
``Sec. 526. Integration program for rural areas
    ``(a) In General.--The Secretary shall conduct a comprehensive 
program (referred to in this section as the `program') to accelerate 
the integration or deployment of intelligent transportation systems in 
rural areas.
    ``(b) Selection of Projects.--Under the program, the Secretary 
shall--
            ``(1) select projects through competitive solicitation; and
            ``(2) give higher priority to funding projects that--
                    ``(A) promote and foster integration strategies and 
                agreements among local governments, States, and other 
                regional entities;
                    ``(B) deploy integrated intelligent transportation 
                system projects that improve mobility, enhance the 
                safety of the movement of passenger vehicles and 
                freight, or promote tourism; and
                    ``(C) advance intelligent transportation system 
                deployment projects that are consistent with the 
                national architecture and comply with required 
                standards as described in section 529.
    ``(c) Private Sector Involvement.--In carrying out the program, the 
Secretary shall encourage private sector involvement and financial 
commitment, to the maximum extent practicable, through innovative 
financial arrangements, especially public-private partnerships.
    ``(d) Financing and Operations Plans.--As a condition of receipt of 
funds under the program, a recipient participating in a project shall 
submit to the Secretary a multiyear financing and operations plan that 
describes how the project can be cost-effectively operated and 
maintained
    ``(e) Authorization of Contract Authority.--
            ``(1) In general.--There shall be available from the 
        Highway Trust Fund (other than the Mass Transit Account) to 
        carry out this section $10,000,000 for fiscal year 1998, 
        $10,000,000 for fiscal year 1999, $15,000,000 for fiscal year 
        2000, $15,000,000 for fiscal year 2001, $20,000,000 for fiscal 
        year 2002, and $20,000,000 for fiscal year 2003.
            ``(2) Contract authority.--Funds authorized under this 
        subsection shall be available for obligation in the same manner 
        as if the funds were apportioned under chapter 1, except that, 
        in the case of a project funded under paragraph (1)--
                    ``(A) the Federal share of the cost of the project 
                payable from funds made available under paragraph (1) 
                shall not exceed 50 percent; and
                    ``(B) the total Federal share of the cost of the 
                project payable from all eligible sources (including 
                paragraph (1)) shall not exceed 80 percent.
``Sec. 527. Commercial vehicle intelligent transportation system 
              infrastructure
    ``(a) In General.--The Secretary shall carry out a comprehensive 
program--
            ``(1) to deploy intelligent transportation systems that 
        will promote the safety and productivity of commercial vehicles 
        and drivers; and
            ``(2) to reduce costs associated with commercial vehicle 
        operations and State and Federal commercial vehicle regulatory 
        requirements.
    ``(b) Elements of Program.--
            ``(1) Safety information systems and networks.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The program shall advance the 
                technological capability and promote the deployment of 
                commercial vehicle, commercial driver, and carrier-
                specific safety information systems and networks and 
                other intelligent transportation system technologies 
                used to assist States in identifying high-risk 
                commercial operations and in conducting other 
                innovative safety strategies, including the Commercial 
                Vehicle Information Systems and Networks.
                    ``(B) Focus of projects.--Projects assisted under 
                the program shall focus on--
                            ``(i) identifying and eliminating unsafe 
                        and illegal carriers, vehicles, and drivers in 
                        a manner that does not unduly hinder the 
                        productivity and efficiency of safe and legal 
                        commercial operations;
                            ``(ii) enhancing the safe passage of 
                        commercial vehicles across the United States 
                        and across international borders;
                            ``(iii) reducing the numbers of violations 
                        of out-of-service orders;
                            ``(iv) complying with directives to address 
                        other safety violations; and
                            ``(v) developing and implementing 
                        unobtrusive eyetracking technology.
            ``(2) Monitoring systems.--The program shall advance on-
        board driver and vehicle safety monitoring systems, including 
        fitness-for-duty, brake, and other operational monitoring 
        technologies, that will facilitate commercial vehicle safety, 
        including inspection by motor carrier safety assistance program 
        officers and employees under chapter 311 of title 49.
    ``(c) Use of Federal Funds.--
            ``(1) In general.--Federal funds used to carry out the 
        program shall be primarily used to improve--
                    ``(A) commercial vehicle safety and the 
                effectiveness and efficiency of enforcement efforts 
                conducted under the motor carrier safety assistance 
                program under chapter 311 of title 49;
                    ``(B) electronic processing of registration 
                information, driver licensing information, fuel tax 
                information, inspection and crash data, and other 
                safety information; and
                    ``(C) communication of the information described in 
                subparagraph (B) among the States.
            ``(2) Leveraging.--Federal funds used to carry out the 
        program shall, to the maximum extent practicable--
                    ``(A) be leveraged with non-Federal funds; and
                    ``(B) be used for activities not carried out 
                through the use of private funds.
    ``(d) Federal Share.--The Federal share of the cost of a project 
assisted under the program shall be not more than 80 percent.
    ``(e) Authorization of Contract Authority.--
            ``(1) In general.--There shall be available from the 
        Highway Trust Fund (other than the Mass Transit Account) to 
        carry out this section $25,000,000 for fiscal year 1998, 
        $25,000,000 for fiscal year 1999, $25,000,000 for fiscal year 
        2000, $35,000,000 for fiscal year 2001, $35,000,000 for fiscal 
        year 2002, and $40,000,000 for fiscal year 2003.
            ``(2) Contract authority.--Funds authorized under this 
        subsection shall be available for obligation in the same manner 
        as if the funds were apportioned under chapter 1, except that, 
        in the case of a project funded under paragraph (1)--
                    ``(A) the Federal share of the cost of the project 
                payable from funds made available under paragraph (1) 
                shall not exceed 50 percent; and
                    ``(B) the total Federal share of the cost of the 
                project payable from all eligible sources (including 
                paragraph (1)) shall not exceed 80 percent.
``Sec. 528. Corridor development and coordination
    ``(a) In General.--The Secretary shall encourage multistate 
cooperative agreements, coalitions, or other arrangements intended to 
promote regional cooperation, planning, and shared project 
implementation for intelligent transportation system projects.
    ``(b) Funding.--There shall be available to carry out this section 
for each fiscal year not more than--
            ``(1) $3,000,000 of the amounts made available under 
        section 524(f); and
            ``(2) $7,000,000 of the amounts made available under 
        section 525(e).
``Sec. 529. Standards
    ``(a) In General.--
            ``(1) Development, implementation, and maintenance.--The 
        Secretary shall develop, implement, and maintain a national 
        architecture and supporting standards to promote the widespread 
        use and evaluation of intelligent transportation system 
        technology as a component of the surface transportation systems 
        of the United States.
            ``(2) Interoperability and efficiency.--To the maximum 
        extent practicable, the standards shall promote 
        interoperability among, and efficiency of, intelligent 
        transportation system technologies implemented throughout the 
        States.
            ``(3) Use of standards-setting organizations.--In carrying 
        out this section, the Secretary may use the services of such 
        standards-setting organizations as the Secretary determines 
        appropriate.
    ``(b) Report.--
            ``(1) In general.--Not later than January 1, 1999, the 
        Secretary shall submit a report describing the status of all 
        standards.
            ``(2) Contents.--The report shall--
                    ``(A) identify each standard that is needed for 
                operation of intelligent transportation systems in the 
                United States;
                    ``(B) specify the status of the development of each 
                standard;
                    ``(C) provide a timetable for achieving agreement 
                on each standard as described in this section; and
                    ``(D) determine which standards are critical to 
                ensuring national interoperability or critical to the 
                development of other standards.
    ``(c) Establishment of Provisional Standards.--
            ``(1) Establishment.--Subject to subsection (d), if a 
        standard determined to be critical under subsection (b)(2)(D) 
        is not adopted and published by the appropriate standards-
        setting organization by January 1, 2001, the Secretary shall 
        establish a provisional standard after consultation with 
        affected parties.
            ``(2) Period of effectiveness.--The provisional standard 
        shall--
                    ``(A) be published in the Federal Register;
                    ``(B) take effect not later than May 1, 2001; and
                    ``(C) remain in effect until the appropriate 
                standards-setting organization adopts and publishes a 
                standard.
    ``(d) Waiver of Requirement To Establish Provisional Standards.--
            ``(1) Notice.--The Secretary may waive the requirement to 
        establish a provisional standard by submitting, not later than 
        January 1, 2001, to the Committee on Environment and Public 
        Works of the Senate and the Committee on Transportation and 
        Infrastructure of the House of Representatives, a notice that--
                    ``(A) specifies the provisional standard subject to 
                the waiver;
                    ``(B) describes the history of the development of 
                the standard subject to the waiver;
                    ``(C) specifies the reasons why the requirement for 
                the establishment of the provisional standard is being 
                waived;
                    ``(D) describes the impacts of delaying the 
                establishment of the standard subject to the waiver, 
                especially the impacts on the purposes of this 
                subchapter; and
                    ``(E) provides specific estimates as to when the 
                standard subject to the waiver is expected to be 
                adopted and published by the appropriate standards-
                setting organization.
            ``(2) Progress reports.--
                    ``(A) In general.--In the case of each standard 
                subject to a waiver by the Secretary under paragraph 
                (1), the Secretary shall submit, in accordance with the 
                schedule specified in subparagraph (B), a report to the 
                Committee on Environment and Public Works of the Senate 
                and the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure 
                of the House of Representatives on the progress of the 
                adoption of a completed standard.
                    ``(B) Schedule of reports.--The Secretary shall 
                submit a report under subparagraph (A) with respect to 
                a standard--
                            ``(i) not later than 180 days after the 
                        date of submission of the notice under 
                        paragraph (1) with respect to the standard; and
                            ``(ii) at the end of each 180-day period 
                        thereafter until such time as a standard has 
                        been adopted and published by the appropriate 
                        standards-setting organization or the waiver is 
                        withdrawn under paragraph (3).
                    ``(C) Consultation.--In developing each progress 
                report under subparagraph (A), the Secretary shall 
                consult with the standards-setting organizations 
                involved in the standardmaking process for the 
                standard.
            ``(3) Withdrawal of waiver.--
                    ``(A) In general.--At any time, the Secretary may, 
                through notification to the Committee on Environment 
                and Public Works of the Senate and the Committee on 
                Transportation and Infrastructure of the House of 
                Representatives, withdraw a notice of a waiver of the 
                requirement to establish a provisional standard.
                    ``(B) Implementation.--If the Secretary submits 
                notification under subparagraph (A) with respect to a 
                provisional standard, not less than 30 days, but not 
                more than 90 days, after the date of the notification, 
                the Secretary shall implement the provisional standard, 
                unless, by the end of the 90-day period beginning on 
                the date of the notification, a standard has been 
                adopted and published by the appropriate standards-
                setting organization.
    ``(e) Requirement for Compliance With Standard.--
            ``(1) In general.--
                    ``(A) Standard in existence.--Funds made available 
                from the Highway Trust Fund shall not be used to deploy 
                an intelligent transportation system technology if the 
                technology does not comply with each applicable 
                provisional standard or completed standard.
                    ``(B) No standard in existence.--In the absence of 
                a provisional standard or completed standard, Federal 
                funds shall not be used to deploy an intelligent 
                transportation system technology if the deployment is 
                not consistent with the interfaces to ensure 
                interoperability that are contained in the national 
                architecture.
            ``(2) Applicability.--Paragraph (1) shall not apply to--
                    ``(A) the operation or maintenance of an 
                intelligent transportation system in existence on the 
                date of enactment of this subchapter; or
                    ``(B) the upgrade or expansion of an intelligent 
                transportation system in existence on the date of 
                enactment of this subchapter if the Secretary 
                determines that the upgrade or expansion--
                            ``(i) does not adversely affect the 
                        purposes of this subchapter, especially the 
                        goal of national or regional interoperability;
                            ``(ii) is carried out before the end of the 
                        useful life of the system; and
                            ``(iii) is cost effective as compared to 
                        alternatives that meet the compliance 
                        requirement of paragraph (1)(A) or the 
                        consistency requirement of paragraph (1)(B).
    ``(f) Spectrum.--
            ``(1) Consultation.--The Secretary shall consult with the 
        Secretary of Commerce, the Secretary of Defense, and the 
        Chairman of the Federal Communications Commission to determine 
        the best means for securing the necessary spectrum for the 
        near-term establishment of a dedicated short-range vehicle-to-
        wayside wireless standard and any other spectrum that the 
        Secretary determines to be critical to the implementation of 
        this title.
            ``(2) Progress report.--After consultation under paragraph 
        (1) and with other affected agencies, but not later than 1 year 
        after the date of enactment of this subchapter, the Secretary 
        shall submit a report to Congress on the progress made in 
        securing the spectrum described in paragraph (1).
            ``(3) Deadline for securing spectrum.--Notwithstanding any 
        other provision of law, not later than 2 years after the date 
        of enactment of this subchapter, the Secretary of Commerce 
        shall release to the Federal Communications Commission, and the 
        Federal Communications Commission shall allocate, the spectrum 
        described in paragraph (1).
    ``(g) Funding.--The Secretary shall use funds made available under 
section 524 to carry out this section.
``Sec. 530. Funding limitations
    ``(a) Consistency With National Architecture.--The Secretary shall 
use funds made available under this subchapter to deploy intelligent 
transportation system technologies only if the technologies are 
consistent with the national architecture.
    ``(b) Competition With Privately Funded Projects.--To the maximum 
extent practicable, the Secretary shall not fund any intelligent 
transportation system operational test or deployment project that 
competes with a similar privately funded project.
    ``(c) Infrastructure Development.--Funds made available under this 
subchapter for operational tests and deployment projects--
            ``(1) shall be used primarily for the development of 
        intelligent transportation system infrastructure; and
            ``(2) to the maximum extent practicable, shall not be used 
        for the construction of physical highway and transit 
        infrastructure unless the construction is incidental and 
        critically necessary to the implementation of an intelligent 
        transportation system project.
    ``(d) Public Relations and Training.--For each fiscal year, not 
more than $15,000,000 of the funds made available under this subchapter 
shall be used for intelligent transportation system outreach, public 
relations, training, mainstreaming, shareholder relations, or related 
activities.
``Sec. 531. Use of innovative financing
    ``(a) In General.--The Secretary may use up to 25 percent of the 
funds made available under this subchapter and section 541 to make 
available loans, lines of credit, and loan guarantees for projects that 
are eligible for assistance under this title and that have significant 
intelligent transportation system elements.
    ``(b) Consistency With Other Law.--Credit assistance described in 
subsection (a) shall be made available in a manner consistent with the 
Transportation Infrastructure Finance and Innovation Act of 1998.
``Sec. 532. Advisory committees
    ``(a) In General.--In carrying out this subchapter, the Secretary 
shall use 1 or more advisory committees.
    ``(b) Applicability of Federal Advisory Committee Act.--Any 
advisory committee so used shall be subject to the Federal Advisory 
Committee Act (5 U.S.C. App.).''.

SEC. 2104. CONFORMING AMENDMENT.

    The Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 is 
amended by striking part B of title VI (23 U.S.C. 307 note; 105 Stat. 
2189).

                          Subtitle C--Funding

SEC. 2201. FUNDING.

    Chapter 5 of title 23, United States Code (as amended by section 
2103), is amended by adding at the end the following:

                       ``SUBCHAPTER III--FUNDING

``Sec. 541. Funding
    ``(a) Research, Technology, and Training.--There shall be available 
from the Highway Trust Fund (other than the Mass Transit Account) to 
carry out sections 502, 507, 509, and 511 $68,000,000 for fiscal year 
1998, $1,500,000 for fiscal year 1999, $4,500,000 for fiscal year 2000, 
$2,500,000 for fiscal year 2001, $1,500,000 for fiscal year 2002, and 
$4,500,000 for fiscal year 2003.
    ``(b) Contract Authority.--Funds authorized under this section 
shall be available for obligation in the same manner as if the funds 
were apportioned under chapter 1, except that--
            ``(1) any Federal share of the cost of an activity under 
        this chapter shall be determined in accordance with this 
        chapter; and
            ``(2) the funds shall remain available for obligation for a 
        period of 4 years after the last day of the fiscal year for 
        which the funds are authorized.
    ``(c) Limitations on Obligations.--Notwithstanding any other 
provision of law, the total amount of all obligations under subsection 
(a) shall not exceed--
            ``(1) $98,000,000 for fiscal year 1998;
            ``(2) $101,000,000 for fiscal year 1999;
            ``(3) $104,000,000 for fiscal year 2000;
            ``(4) $107,000,000 for fiscal year 2001;
            ``(5) $110,000,000 for fiscal year 2002; and
            ``(6) $114,000,000 for fiscal year 2003.''.

    TITLE III--INTERMODAL TRANSPORTATION SAFETY AND RELATED MATTERS

SEC. 3001. SHORT TITLE.

    This title may be cited as the ``Intermodal Transportation Safety 
Act of 1998''.

SEC. 3002. AMENDMENT OF TITLE 49, UNITED STATES CODE.

    Except as otherwise expressly provided, whenever in this title an 
amendment or repeal is expressed in terms of an amendment to, or a 
repeal of, a section or other provision, the reference shall be 
considered to be made to a section or other provision of title 49, 
United States Code.

                       Subtitle A--Highway Safety

SEC. 3101. HIGHWAY SAFETY PROGRAMS.

    (a) Uniform Guidelines.--Section 402(a) of title 23, United States 
Code, is amended by striking ``section 4007'' and inserting ``section 
4004''.
    (b) Administrative Requirements.--Section 402(b) of such title is 
amended--
            (1) by striking the period at the end of subparagraph (A) 
        and subparagraph (B) of paragraph (1) and inserting a 
        semicolon;
            (2) in paragraph (1)(C), by inserting ``, including Indian 
        tribes,'' after ``subdivisions of such State'';
            (3) in paragraph (1)(C), by striking the period at the end 
        and inserting a semicolon and ``and''; and
            (4) by striking paragraphs (3) and (4) and redesignating 
        paragraph (5) as paragraph (3).
    (c) Apportionment of Funds.--Section 402(c) of such title is 
amended--
            (1) by inserting ``the apportionment to the Secretary of 
        the Interior shall not be less than \3/4\ of 1 percent of the 
        total apportionment and'' after ``except that'' in the sixth 
        sentence; and
            (2) by striking the seventh sentence.
    (d) Application in Indian Country.--Section 402(i) of title 23, 
United States Code, is amended to read as follows:
    ``(i) Application in Indian Country.--
            ``(1) In general.--For the purpose of application of this 
        section in Indian country, the terms `State' and `Governor of a 
        State' include the Secretary of the Interior and the term 
        `political subdivision of a State' includes an Indian tribe. 
        Notwithstanding the provisions of subsection (b)(1)(C), 95 
        percent of the funds apportioned to the Secretary of the 
        Interior under this section shall be expended by Indian tribes 
        to carry out highway safety programs within their 
        jurisdictions. The provisions of subparagraph (b)(1)(D) shall 
        be applicable to Indian tribes, except to those tribes with 
        respect to which the Secretary determines that application of 
        such provisions would not be practicable.
            ``(2) Indian country defined.--For the purposes of this 
        subsection, the term `Indian country' means--
                    ``(A) all land within the limits of any Indian 
                reservation under the jurisdiction of the United 
                States, notwithstanding the issuance of any patent, and 
                including rights-of-way running through the 
                reservation;
                    ``(B) all dependent Indian communities within the 
                borders of the United States whether within the 
                original or subsequently acquired territory thereof and 
                whether within or without the limits of a State; and
                    ``(C) all Indian allotments, the Indian titles to 
                which have not been extinguished, including rights-of-
                way running through such allotments.''.
    (e) Rulemaking Process.--Section 402(j) of title 23, United States 
Code, is amended to read as follows:
    ``(j) Rulemaking Process.--The Secretary may from time to time 
conduct a rulemaking process to identify highway safety programs that 
are highly effective in reducing motor vehicle crashes, injuries, and 
deaths. Any such rulemaking shall take into account the major role of 
the States in implementing such programs. When a rule promulgated in 
accordance with this section takes effect, States shall consider these 
highly effective programs when developing their highway safety 
programs.''.
    (f) Safety Incentive Grants.--Section 402 of title 23, United 
States Code, is amended by striking subsection (k) and inserting the 
following:
    ``(k) Safety Incentive Grants.--
            ``(1) Safety incentive grants: general authority.--The 
        Secretary shall make a grant to a State that takes specific 
        actions to advance highway safety under subsection (l) or (m) 
        or section 410. A State may qualify for more than 1 grant and 
        shall receive a separate grant for each subsection for which it 
        qualifies. Such grants may only be used by recipient States to 
        implement and enforce, as appropriate, the programs for which 
        the grants are awarded.
            ``(2) Maintenance of effort.--No grant may be made to a 
        State under subsection (l) or (m) in any fiscal year unless 
        such State enters into such agreements with the Secretary as 
        the Secretary may require to ensure that such State will 
        maintain its aggregate expenditures from all other sources for 
        the specific actions for which a grant is provided at or above 
        the average level of such expenditures in its 2 fiscal years 
        preceding the date of the enactment of this subsection.
            ``(3) Maximum period of eligibility; federal share for 
        grants.--Each grant under subsection (l) or (m) shall be 
        available for not more than 6 fiscal years beginning in the 
        fiscal year after September 30, 1997, in which the State 
        becomes eligible for the grant. The Federal share payable for 
        any grant under subsection (l) or (m) shall not exceed--
                    ``(A) in the first and second fiscal years in which 
                the State receives the grant, 75 percent of the cost of 
                implementing and enforcing, as appropriate, in such 
                fiscal year a program adopted by the State;
                    ``(B) in the third and fourth fiscal years in which 
                the State receives the grant, 50 percent of the cost of 
                implementing and enforcing, as appropriate, in such 
                fiscal year such program; and
                    ``(C) in the fifth and sixth fiscal years in which 
                the State receives the grant, 25 percent of the cost of 
                implementing and enforcing, as appropriate, in such 
                fiscal year such program.
    ``(l) Alcohol-Impaired Driving Countermeasures: Basic Grant 
Eligibility.--The Secretary shall make grants to those States that 
adopt and implement effective programs to reduce traffic safety 
problems resulting from persons driving under the influence of alcohol. 
A State shall become eligible for 1 or more of 3 basic grants under 
this subsection by adopting or demonstrating the following to the 
satisfaction of the Secretary:
            ``(1) Basic grant a.--At least 7 of the following:
                    ``(A) .08 BAC per se law.--A law that provides that 
                any individual with a blood alcohol concentration of 
                0.08 percent or greater while operating a motor vehicle 
                shall be deemed to be driving while intoxicated.
                    ``(B) Administrative license revocation.--An 
                administrative driver's license suspension or 
                revocation system for persons who operate motor 
                vehicles while under the influence of alcohol that 
                requires that--
                            ``(i) in the case of a person who, in any 
                        5-year period beginning after the date of 
                        enactment of this subsection, is determined on 
                        the basis of a chemical test to have been 
                        operating a motor vehicle under the influence 
                        of alcohol or is determined to have refused to 
                        submit to such a test as proposed by a law 
                        enforcement officer, the State agency 
                        responsible for administering drivers' 
                        licenses, upon receiving the report of the law 
                        enforcement officer--
                                    ``(I) shall suspend the driver's 
                                license of such person for a period of 
                                not less than 90 days if such person is 
                                a first offender in such 5-year period; 
                                and
                                    ``(II) shall suspend the driver's 
                                license of such person for a period of 
                                not less than 1 year, or revoke such 
                                license, if such person is a repeat 
                                offender in such 5-year period; and
                            ``(ii) the suspension and revocation 
                        referred to under subparagraph (A)(i) shall 
                        take effect not later than 30 days after the 
                        date on which the person refused to submit to a 
                        chemical test or received notice of having been 
                        determined to be driving under the influence of 
                        alcohol, in accordance with the State's 
                        procedures.
                    ``(C) Underage drinking program.--An effective 
                system, as determined by the Secretary, for preventing 
                operators of motor vehicles under age 21 from obtaining 
                alcoholic beverages. Such system shall include the 
                issuance of drivers' licenses to individuals under age 
                21 that are easily distinguishable in appearance from 
                drivers' licenses issued to individuals age 21 years of 
                age or older.
                    ``(D) Stopping motor vehicles.--Either--
                            ``(i) a statewide program for stopping 
                        motor vehicles on a nondiscriminatory, lawful 
                        basis for the purpose of determining whether 
                        the operators of such motor vehicles are 
                        driving while under the influence of alcohol; 
                        or
                            ``(ii) a statewide Special Traffic 
                        Enforcement Program for impaired driving that 
                        emphasizes publicity for the program.
                    ``(E) Repeat offenders.--Effective sanctions for 
                repeat offenders convicted of driving under the 
                influence of alcohol. Such sanctions, as determined by 
                the Secretary, may include electronic monitoring; 
                alcohol interlocks; intensive supervision of probation; 
                vehicle impoundment, confiscation, or forfeiture; and 
                dedicated detention facilities.
                    ``(F) Graduated licensing system.--A 3-stage 
                graduated licensing system for young drivers that 
                includes nighttime driving restrictions during the 
                first 2 stages, requires all vehicle occupants to be 
                properly restrained, and makes it unlawful for a person 
                under age 21 to operate a motor vehicle with a blood 
                alcohol concentration of .02 percent or greater.
                    ``(G) Drivers with high bac's.--Programs to target 
                individuals with high blood alcohol concentrations who 
                operate a motor vehicle. Such programs may include 
                implementation of a system of graduated penalties and 
                assessment of individuals convicted of driving under 
                the influence of alcohol.
                    ``(H) Young adult drinking programs.--Programs to 
                reduce driving while under the influence of alcohol by 
                individuals age 21 through 34. Such programs may 
                include awareness campaigns; traffic safety 
                partnerships with employers, colleges, and the 
                hospitality industry; assessment of first time 
                offenders; and incorporation of treatment into judicial 
                sentencing.
                    ``(I) Testing for bac.--An effective system for 
                increasing the rate of testing for blood alcohol 
                concentration of motor vehicle drivers at fault in 
                fatal accidents.
            ``(2) Basic grant b.--Either of the following:
                    ``(A) Administrative license revocation.--An 
                administrative driver's license suspension or 
                revocation system for persons who operate motor 
                vehicles while under the influence of alcohol which 
                requires that--
                            ``(i) in the case of a person who, in any 
                        5-year period beginning after the date of 
                        enactment of this subsection, is determined on 
                        the basis of a chemical test to have been 
                        operating a motor vehicle under the influence 
                        of alcohol or is determined to have refused to 
                        submit to such a test as requested by a law 
                        enforcement officer, the State agency 
                        responsible for administering drivers' 
                        licenses, upon receiving the report of the law 
                        enforcement officer--
                                    ``(I) shall suspend the driver's 
                                license of such person for a period of 
                                not less than 90 days if such person is 
                                a first offender in such 5-year period; 
                                and
                                    ``(II) shall suspend the driver's 
                                license of such person for a period of 
                                not less than 1 year, or revoke such 
                                license, if such person is a repeat 
                                offender in such 5-year period; and
                            ``(ii) the suspension and revocation 
                        referred to under subparagraph (A)(i) shall 
                        take effect not later than 30 days after the 
                        day on which the person refused to submit to a 
                        chemical test or receives notice of having been 
                        determined to be driving under the influence of 
                        alcohol, in accordance with the State's 
                        procedures; or
                    ``(B) .08 bac per se law.--A law that provides that 
                any person with a blood alcohol concentration of 0.08 
                percent or greater while operating a motor vehicle 
                shall be deemed to be driving while intoxicated.
            ``(3) Basic grant c.--Both of the following:
                    ``(A) Fatal impaired driver percentage reduction.--
                The percentage of fatally injured drivers with 0.10 
                percent or greater blood alcohol concentration in the 
                State has decreased in each of the 3 most recent 
                calendar years for which statistics for determining 
                such percentages are available; and
                    ``(B) Fatal impaired driver percentage 
                comparison.--The percentage of fatally injured drivers 
                with 0.10 percent or greater blood alcohol 
                concentration in the State has been lower than the 
                average percentage for all States in each of such 
                calendar years.
            ``(4) Basic grant amount.--The amount of each basic grant 
        under this subsection for any fiscal year shall be up to 15 
        percent of the amount apportioned to the State for fiscal year 
        1997 under section 402 of this title.
            ``(5) Alcohol-impaired driving countermeasures: 
        supplemental grants.--During the period in which a State is 
        eligible for a basic grant under this subsection, the State 
        shall be eligible to receive a supplemental grant in no more 
        than 2 fiscal years of up to 5 percent of the amount 
        apportioned to the State in fiscal year 1997 under section 402. 
        The State may receive a separate supplemental grant for meeting 
        each of the following criteria:
                    ``(A) Open container laws.--The State makes 
                unlawful the possession of any open alcoholic beverage 
                container, or the consumption of any alcoholic 
                beverage, in the passenger area of any motor vehicle 
                located on a public highway or the right-of-way of a 
                public highway, except--
                            ``(i) as allowed in the passenger area, by 
                        a person (other than the driver), of any motor 
                        vehicle designed to transport more than 10 
                        passengers (including the driver) while being 
                        used to provide charter transportation of 
                        passengers; or
                            ``(ii) as otherwise specifically allowed by 
                        such State, with the approval of the Secretary, 
                        but in no event may the driver of such motor 
                        vehicle be allowed to possess or consume an 
                        alcoholic beverage in the passenger area.
                    ``(B) Mandatory blood alcohol concentration testing 
                programs.--The State provides for mandatory blood 
                alcohol concentration testing whenever a law 
                enforcement officer has probable cause under State law 
                to believe that a driver of a motor vehicle involved in 
                a crash resulting in the loss of human life or, as 
                determined by the Secretary, serious bodily injury, has 
                committed an alcohol-related traffic offense.
                    ``(C) Video equipment for detection of drunk 
                drivers.--The State provides for a program to acquire 
                video equipment to be used in detecting persons who 
                operate motor vehicles while under the influence of 
                alcohol and in prosecuting those persons, and to train 
                personnel in the use of that equipment.
                    ``(D) Blood alcohol concentration for persons under 
                age 21.--The State enacts and enforces a law providing 
                that any person under age 21 with a blood alcohol 
                concentration of 0.02 percent or greater when driving a 
                motor vehicle shall be deemed to be driving while 
                intoxicated or driving under the influence of alcohol, 
                and further provides for a minimum suspension of the 
                person's driver's license for not less than 30 days.
                    ``(E) Self-sustaining drunk driving prevention 
                program.--The State provides for a self-sustaining 
                drunk driving prevention program under which a 
                significant portion of the fines or surcharges 
                collected from individuals apprehended and fined for 
                operating a motor vehicle while under the influence of 
                alcohol are returned to those communities which have 
                comprehensive programs for the prevention of such 
                operations of motor vehicles.
                    ``(F) Reducing driving with a suspended license.--
                The State enacts and enforces a law to reduce driving 
                with a suspended license. Such law, as determined by 
                the Secretary, may require a `zebra' stripe that is 
                clearly visible on the license plate of any motor 
                vehicle owned and operated by a driver with a suspended 
                license.
                    ``(G) Effective dwi tracking system.--The State 
                demonstrates an effective driving while intoxicated 
                (DWI) tracking system. Such a system, as determined by 
                the Secretary, may include data covering arrests, case 
                prosecutions, court dispositions and sanctions, and 
                provide for the linkage of such data and traffic 
                records systems to appropriate jurisdictions and 
                offices within the State.
                    ``(H) Assessment of persons convicted of abuse of 
                controlled substances; assignment of treatment for all 
                dwi/dui offenders.--The State provides for assessment 
                of individuals convicted of driving while intoxicated 
                or driving under the influence of alcohol or controlled 
                substances, and for the assignment of appropriate 
                treatment.
                    ``(I) Use of passive alcohol sensors.--The State 
                provides for a program to acquire passive alcohol 
                sensors to be used by police officers in detecting 
                persons who operate motor vehicles while under the 
                influence of alcohol, and to train police officers in 
                the use of that equipment.
                    ``(J) Effective penalties for provision or sale of 
                alcohol to persons under 21.--The State enacts and 
                enforces a law that provides for effective penalties or 
                other consequences for the sale or provision of 
                alcoholic beverages to any individual under 21 years of 
                age. The Secretary shall determine what penalties are 
                effective.
            ``(6) Definitions.--For the purposes of this subsection, 
        the following definitions apply:
                    ``(A) `Alcoholic beverage' has the meaning such 
                term has under section 158(c).
                    ``(B) `Controlled substances' has the meaning such 
                term has under section 102(6) of the Controlled 
                Substances Act (21 U.S.C. 802(6)).
                    ``(C) `Motor vehicle' means a vehicle driven or 
                drawn by mechanical power and manufactured primarily 
                for use on public streets, roads, and highways, but 
                does not include a vehicle operated only on a rail 
                line.
                    ``(D) `Open alcoholic beverage container' means any 
                bottle, can, or other receptacle--
                            ``(i) that contains any amount of an 
                        alcoholic beverage; and
                            ``(ii)(I) that is open or has a broken 
                        seal, or
                            ``(II) the contents of which are partially 
                        removed.
    ``(m) State Highway Safety Data Improvements.--The Secretary shall 
make a grant to a State that takes effective actions to improve the 
timeliness, accuracy, completeness, uniformity, and accessibility of 
the State's data needed to identify priorities within State and local 
highway and traffic safety programs, to evaluate the effectiveness of 
such efforts, and to link these State data systems, including traffic 
records, together and with other data systems within the State, such as 
systems that contain medical and economic data:
            ``(1) First-year grant eligibility.--A State is eligible 
        for a first-year grant under this subsection in a fiscal year 
        if such State either:
                    ``(A) Demonstrates, to the satisfaction of the 
                Secretary, that it has--
                            ``(i) established a Highway Safety Data and 
                        Traffic Records Coordinating Committee with a 
                        multidisciplinary membership including the 
                        administrators, collectors, and users of such 
                        data (including the public health, injury 
                        control, and motor carrier communities) of 
                        highway safety and traffic records databases;
                            ``(ii) completed within the preceding 5 
                        years a highway safety data and traffic records 
                        assessment or audit of its highway safety data 
                        and traffic records system; and
                            ``(iii) initiated the development of a 
                        multiyear highway safety data and traffic 
                        records strategic plan to be approved by the 
                        Highway Safety Data and Traffic Records 
                        Coordinating Committee that identifies and 
                        prioritizes its highway safety data and traffic 
                        records needs and goals, and that identifies 
                        performance-based measures by which progress 
                        toward those goals will be determined; or
                    ``(B) provides, to the satisfaction of the 
                Secretary--
                            ``(i) certification that it has met the 
                        provisions outlined in clauses (i) and (ii) of 
                        subparagraph (A);
                            ``(ii) a multiyear plan that identifies and 
                        prioritizes the State's highway safety data and 
                        traffic records needs and goals, that specifies 
                        how its incentive funds for the fiscal year 
                        will be used to address those needs and the 
                        goals of the plan, and that identifies 
                        performance-based measures by which progress 
                        toward those goals will be determined; and
                            ``(iii) certification that the Highway 
                        Safety Data and Traffic Records Coordinating 
                        Committee continues to operate and supports the 
                        multiyear plan described in clause (ii).
            ``(2) First-year grant amount.--The amount of a first-year 
        grant made for State highway safety data and traffic records 
        improvements for any fiscal year to any State eligible for such 
        a grant under paragraph (1)(A) shall equal $1,000,000, subject 
        to the availability of appropriations, and for any State 
        eligible for such a grant under paragraph (1)(B) of this 
        subsection shall equal a proportional amount of the amount 
        apportioned to the State for fiscal year 1997 under section 
        402, except that no State shall receive less than $250,000, 
        subject to the availability of appropriations. The Secretary 
        may award a grant of up to $25,000 for 1 year to any State that 
        does not meet the criteria established in paragraph (1). The 
        grant may only be used to conduct activities needed to enable 
        that State to qualify for first-year funding to begin in the 
        next fiscal year.
            ``(3) State highway safety data and traffic records 
        improvements; succeeding-year grants.--A State shall be 
        eligible for a grant in any fiscal year succeeding the first 
        fiscal year in which the State receives a State highway safety 
        data and traffic records grant if the State, to the 
        satisfaction of the Secretary:
                    ``(A) Submits or updates a multiyear plan that 
                identifies and prioritizes the State's highway safety 
                data and traffic records needs and goals, that 
                specifies how its incentive funds for the fiscal year 
                will be used to address those needs and the goals of 
                the plan, and that identifies performance-based 
                measures by which progress toward those goals will be 
                determined.
                    ``(B) Certifies that its Highway Safety Data and 
                Traffic Records Coordinating Committee continues to 
                support the multiyear plan.
                    ``(C) Reports annually on its progress in 
                implementing the multi-year plan.
            ``(4) Succeeding-year grant amounts.--The amount of a 
        succeeding-year grant made for State highway safety data and 
        traffic records improvements for any fiscal year to any State 
        that is eligible for such a grant shall equal a proportional 
        amount of the amount apportioned to the State for fiscal year 
        1997 under section 402, except that no State shall receive less 
        than $225,000, subject to the availability of 
        appropriations.''.
    (g) Occupant Protection Program.--
            (1) In general.--Section 410 of title 23, United States 
        Code, is amended to read as follows:
``Sec. 410. Safety belts and occupant protection programs
    ``(a) In General.--The Secretary shall make basic grants to those 
States that adopt and implement effective programs to reduce highway 
deaths and injuries resulting from persons riding unrestrained or 
improperly restrained in motor vehicles. A State may establish its 
eligibility for 1 or both of the grants by adopting or demonstrating 
the following to the satisfaction of the Secretary:
            ``(1) Basic grant a.--At least 4 of the following:
                    ``(A) Safety belt use law for all front seat 
                occupants.--The State has in effect a safety belt use 
                law that makes unlawful throughout the State the 
                operation of a passenger motor vehicle whenever a 
                person in the front seat of the vehicle (other than a 
                child who is secured in a child restraint system) does 
                not have a safety belt properly secured about the 
                person's body.
                    ``(B) Primary safety belt use law.--The State 
                provides for primary enforcement of its safety belt use 
                law.
                    ``(C) Child passenger protection law; public 
                awareness program.--The State has in effect--
                            ``(i) a law that requires minors who are 
                        riding in a passenger motor vehicle to be 
                        properly secured in a child safety seat or 
                        other appropriate restraint system; and
                            ``(ii) an effective public awareness 
                        program that advocates placing passengers under 
                        the age of 13 in the back seat of a motor 
                        vehicle equipped with a passenger-side air bag 
                        whenever possible.
                    ``(D) Child occupant protection education 
                program.--The State demonstrates implementation of a 
                statewide comprehensive child occupant protection 
                education program that includes education about proper 
                seating positions for children in air bag equipped 
                motor vehicles and instruction on how to reduce the 
                improper use of child restraints systems. The States 
                are to submit to the Secretary an evaluation or report 
                on the effectiveness of the programs at least 3 years 
                after receipt of the grant.
                    ``(E) Minimum fines.--The State requires a minimum 
                fine of at least $25 for violations of its safety belt 
                use law and a minimum fine of at least $25 for 
                violations of its child passenger protection law.
                    ``(F) Special traffic enforcement program.--The 
                State demonstrates implementation of a statewide 
                Special Traffic Enforcement Program for occupant 
                protection that emphasizes publicity for the program.
            ``(2) Basic grant b.--Both of the following:
                    ``(A) State safety belt use rate.--The State 
                demonstrates a statewide safety belt use rate in both 
                front outboard seating positions in all passenger motor 
                vehicles of 80 percent or higher in each of the first 3 
                years a grant under this paragraph is received, and of 
                85 percent or higher in each of the fourth, fifth, and 
                sixth years a grant under this paragraph is received.
                    ``(B) Survey method.--The State follows safety belt 
                use survey methods which conform to guidelines issued 
                by the Secretary ensuring that such measurements are 
                accurate and representative.
            ``(3) Basic grant amount.--The amount of each basic grant 
        for which a State qualifies under this subsection for any 
        fiscal year shall equal up to 20 percent of the amount 
        apportioned to the State for fiscal year 1997 under section 
        402.
            ``(4) Occupant protection program: supplemental grants.--
        During the period in which a State is eligible for a basic 
        grant under this subsection, the State shall be eligible to 
        receive a supplemental grant in a fiscal year of up to 5 
        percent of the amount apportioned to the State in fiscal year 
        1997 under section 402. The State may receive a separate 
        supplemental grant for meeting each of the following criteria:
                    ``(A) Penalty points against a driver's license for 
                violations of child passenger protection 
                requirements.--The State has in effect a law that 
                requires the imposition of penalty points against a 
                driver's license for violations of child passenger 
                protection requirements.
                    ``(B) Elimination of nonmedical exemptions to 
                safety belt and child passenger protection laws.--The 
                State has in effect safety belt and child passenger 
                protection laws that contain no nonmedical exemptions.
                    ``(C) Safety belt use in rear seats.--The State has 
                in effect a law that requires safety belt use by all 
                rear-seat passengers in all passenger motor vehicles 
                with a rear seat.
            ``(5) Definitions.--As used in this subsection, the term--
                    ``(A) `child safety seat' means any device except 
                safety belts, designed for use in a motor vehicle to 
                restrain, seat, or position children who weigh 50 
                pounds or less;
                    ``(B) `motor vehicle' means a vehicle driven or 
                drawn by mechanical power and manufactured primarily 
                for use on public streets, roads, and highways, but 
                does not include a vehicle operated only on a rail 
                line;
                    ``(C) `multipurpose passenger vehicle' means a 
                motor vehicle with motive power (except a trailer), 
                designed to carry not more than 10 individuals, that is 
                constructed either on a truck chassis or with special 
                features for occasional off-road operation;
                    ``(D) `passenger car' means a motor vehicle with 
                motive power (except a multipurpose passenger vehicle, 
                motorcycle, or trailer) designed to carry not more than 
                10 individuals.
                    ``(E) `passenger motor vehicle' means a passenger 
                car or a multipurpose passenger motor vehicle; and
                    ``(F) `safety belt' means--
                            ``(i) with respect to open-body passenger 
                        vehicles, including convertibles, an occupant 
                        restraint system consisting of a lap belt or a 
                        lap belt and a detachable shoulder belt; and
                            ``(ii) with respect to other passenger 
                        vehicles, an occupant restraint system 
                        consisting of integrated lap and shoulder 
                        belts.
    ``(b) Child Occupant Protection Education Grants.--
            ``(1) Definitions.--In this subsection:
                    ``(A) Covered child occupant protection education 
                program.--The term `covered child occupant protection 
                education program' means a program described in 
                subsection (a)(1)(D).
                    ``(B) Covered state.--The term `covered State' 
                means a State that demonstrates the implementation of a 
                program described in subsection (a)(1)(D).
            ``(2) Child passenger education.--
                    ``(A) Grants.--
                            ``(i) In general.--Subject to the 
                        availability of appropriations, the Secretary 
                        may make a grant to a covered State that 
                        submits an application, in such form and manner 
                        as the Secretary may prescribe, that is 
                        approved by the Secretary to carry out the 
                        activities specified in subparagraph (B) 
                        through--
                                    ``(I) the covered child occupant 
                                protection program of the State; and
                                    ``(II) at the option of the State, 
                                a grant program established by the 
                                State to provide for the carrying out 
                                of 1 or more of the activities 
                                specified in subparagraph (B) by a 
                                political subdivision of the State or 
                                an appropriate private entity.
                            ``(ii) Grant awards.--The Secretary may 
                        make a grant under this subsection without 
                        regard to whether a covered State is eligible 
                        to receive, or has received, a grant under 
                        subsection (a).
                    ``(B) Use of funds.--Funds provided to a State 
                under a grant under this subsection shall be used to 
                implement child restraint programs that--
                            ``(i) are designed to prevent deaths and 
                        injuries to children under the age of 9; and
                            ``(ii) educate the public concerning--
                                    ``(I) all aspects of the proper 
                                installation of child restraints using 
                                standard seatbelt hardware, 
                                supplemental hardware, and modification 
                                devices (if needed), including special 
                                installation techniques; and
                                    ``(II)(aa) appropriate child 
                                restraint design selection and 
                                placement and; and
                                    ``(bb) harness threading and 
                                harness adjustment; and
                            ``(iii) train and retrain child passenger 
                        safety professionals, police officers, fire and 
                        emergency medical personnel, and other 
                        educators concerning all aspects of child 
                        restraint use.
                    ``(C) Reports.--
                            ``(i) In general.--The appropriate official 
                        of each State that receives a grant under this 
                        subsection shall prepare, and submit to the 
                        Secretary, an annual report for the period 
                        covered by the grant.
                            ``(ii) Requirements for reports.--A report 
                        described in clause (i) shall--
                                    ``(I) contain such information as 
                                the Secretary may require; and
                                    ``(II) at a minimum, describe the 
                                program activities undertaken with the 
                                funds made available under the grant.
                    ``(D) Report to congress.--Not later than 1 year 
                after the date of enactment of the Intermodal Surface 
                Transportation Efficiency Act of 1998, and annually 
                thereafter, the Secretary shall prepare, and submit to 
                Congress, a report on the implementation of this 
                subsection that includes a description of the programs 
                undertaken and materials developed and distributed by 
                the States that receive grants under this subsection.
            ``(3) Authorization of appropriations.--There are 
        authorized to be appropriated to the Department of 
        Transportation to carry out this subsection, $7,500,000 for 
        each of fiscal years 1999 and 2000.''.
            (2) Conforming amendment.--The chapter analysis for chapter 
        4 of that title is amended by striking the item relating to 
        section 410 and inserting the following:

``410. Safety belts and occupant protection programs.''.
    (h) Drugged Driver Research and Demonstration Program.--Section 
403(b) of title 23, United States Code, is amended--
            (1) by inserting ``(1)'' before ``In addition'';
            (2) by striking ``is authorized to'' and inserting 
        ``shall'';
            (3) by redesignating paragraphs (1) and (2) as 
        subparagraphs (A) and (B); and
            (4) by inserting after subparagraph (B), as redesignated, 
        the following:
            ``(C) Measures that may deter drugged driving.''.

SEC. 3102. NATIONAL DRIVER REGISTER.

    (a) Transfer of Selected Functions to Non-Federal Management.--
Section 30302 is amended by adding at the end the following:
    ``(e) Transfer of Selected Functions to Non-Federal Management.--
            ``(1) The Secretary may enter into an agreement with an 
        organization that represents the interests of the States to 
        manage, administer, and operate the National Driver Register's 
        computer timeshare and user assistance functions. If the 
        Secretary decides to enter into such an agreement, the 
        Secretary shall ensure that the management of these functions 
        is compatible with this chapter and the regulations issued to 
        implement this chapter.
            ``(2) Any transfer of the National Driver Register's 
        computer timeshare and user assistance functions to an 
        organization that represents the interests of the States shall 
        begin only after a determination is made by the Secretary that 
        all States are participating in the National Driver Register's 
        `Problem Driver Pointer System' (the system used by the 
        Register to effect the exchange of motor vehicle driving 
        records), and that the system is functioning properly.
            ``(3) The agreement entered into under this subsection 
        shall include a provision for a transition period sufficient to 
        allow the States to make the budgetary and legislative changes 
        they may need to pay fees charged by the organization 
        representing their interests for their use of the National 
        Driver Register's computer timeshare and user assistance 
        functions. During this transition period, the Secretary 
        (through the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration) 
        shall continue to fund these transferred functions.
            ``(4) The total of the fees charged by the organization 
        representing the interests of the States in any fiscal year for 
        the use of the National Driver Register's computer timeshare 
        and user assistance functions shall not exceed the total cost 
        to the organization for performing these functions in such 
        fiscal year.
            ``(5) Nothing in this subsection shall be construed to 
        diminish, limit, or otherwise affect the authority of the 
        Secretary to carry out this chapter.''.
    (b) Access To Register Information.--Section 30305(b) is amended 
by--
            (1) by striking ``request.'' in paragraph (2) and inserting 
        the following: ``request, unless the information is about a 
        revocation or suspension still in effect on the date of the 
        request'';
            (2) by inserting after paragraph (6) the following:
            ``(7) The head of a Federal department or agency that 
        issues motor vehicle operator's licenses may request the chief 
        driver licensing official of a State to obtain information 
        under subsection (a) about an individual applicant for a motor 
        vehicle operator's license from such department or agency. The 
        department or agency may receive the information, provided it 
        transmits to the Secretary a report regarding any individual 
        who is denied a motor vehicle operator's license by that 
        department or agency for cause; whose motor vehicle operator's 
        license is revoked, suspended, or canceled by that department 
        or agency for cause; or about whom the department or agency has 
        been notified of a conviction of any of the motor vehicle-
        related offenses or comparable offenses listed in section 
        30304(a)(3) and over whom the department or agency has 
        licensing authority. The report shall contain the information 
        specified in section 30304(b).
            ``(8) The head of a Federal department or agency authorized 
        to receive information regarding an individual from the 
        Register under this section may request and receive such 
        information from the Secretary.'';
            (3) by redesignating paragraphs (7) and (8) as paragraphs 
        (9) and (10), respectively; and
            (4) by striking ``paragraph (2)'' in paragraph (10), as 
        redesignated, and inserting ``subsection (a)''.

SEC. 3103. AUTHORIZATIONS OF APPROPRIATIONS.

    The following sums are authorized to be appropriated out of the 
Highway Trust Fund (other than the Mass Transit Account):
            (1) Consolidated state highway safety programs.--
                    (A) For carrying out the State and Community 
                Highway Safety Program under section 402 of title 23, 
                United States Code, by the National Highway Traffic 
                Safety Administration, except for the incentive 
                programs under subsections (l) and (m) of that 
                section--
                            (i) $117,858,000 for fiscal year 1998;
                            (ii) $123,492,000 for fiscal year 1999;
                            (iii) $126,877,000 for fiscal year 2000;
                            (iv) $130,355,000 for fiscal year 2001;
                            (v) $133,759,000 for fiscal year 2002; and
                            (vi) $141,803,000 for fiscal year 2003.
                    (B) To carry out the alcohol-impaired driving 
                countermeasures incentive grant provisions of section 
                402(l) of title 23, United States Code, by the National 
                Highway Traffic Safety Administration--
                            (i) $30,570,000 for fiscal year 1998;
                            (ii) $28,500,000 for fiscal year 1999;
                            (iii) $29,273,000 for fiscal year 2000;
                            (iv) $30,065,000 for fiscal year 2001;
                            (v) $38,743,000 for fiscal year 2002; and
                            (vi) $39,815,000 for fiscal year 2003.
                Amounts made available to carry out section 402(l) of 
                title 23, United States Code, are authorized to remain 
                available until expended, provided that, in each fiscal 
                year the Secretary may reallocate any amounts remaining 
                available under section 402(l) of section 402 of title 
                23, United States Code, as necessary to ensure, to the 
                maximum extent possible, that States may receive the 
                maximum incentive funding for which they are eligible 
                under these programs.
                    (C) To carry out the occupant protection program 
                incentive grant provisions of section 410 of title 23, 
                United States Code, by the National Highway Traffic 
                Safety Administration--
                            (i) $13,950,000 for fiscal year 1998;
                            (ii) $14,618,000 for fiscal year 1999;
                            (iii) $15,012,000 for fiscal year 2000;
                            (iv) $15,418,000 for fiscal year 2001;
                            (v) $17,640,000 for fiscal year 2002; and
                            (vi) $17,706,000 for fiscal year 2003.
                Amounts made available to carry out section 410 of 
                title 23, United States Code, are authorized to remain 
                available until expended, provided that, in each fiscal 
                year the Secretary may reallocate any amounts remaining 
                available under section 410 of title 23, United States 
                Code, to subsections (l) and (m) of section 402 of 
                title 23, United States Code, as necessary to ensure, 
                to the maximum extent possible, that States may receive 
                the maximum incentive funding for which they are 
                eligible under these programs.
                    (D) To carry out the State highway safety data 
                improvements incentive grant provisions of section 
                402(m) of title 23, United States Code, by the National 
                Highway Traffic Safety Administration--
                            (i) $8,370,000 for fiscal year 1998;
                            (ii) $8,770,000 for fiscal year 1999;
                            (iii) $9,007,000 for fiscal year 2000; and
                            (iv) $9,250,000 for fiscal year 2001.
                Amounts made available to carry out section 402(m) of 
                title 23, United States Code, are authorized to remain 
                available until expended.
                    (E) To carry out the drugged driving research and 
                demonstration programs of section 403(b)(1) of title 
                23, United States Code, by the National Highway Traffic 
                Safety Administration, $2,000,000 for each of fiscal 
                years 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, and 2003.
            (2) Section 403 highway safety and research.--For carrying 
        out the functions of the Secretary, by the National Highway 
        Traffic Safety Administration, for highway safety under section 
        403 of title 23, United States Code, there are authorized to be 
        appropriated $60,100,000 for each of fiscal years 1998, 1999, 
        2000, 2001, and 2002, and $61,700,000 for fiscal year 2003.
            (3) Public education effort.--Out of funds made available 
        for carrying out programs under section 403 of title 23, United 
        States Code, for each of fiscal years 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 
        2002, and 2003, the Secretary of Transportation shall obligate 
        at least $500,000 to educate the motoring public on how to 
        share the road safely with commercial motor vehicles.
            (4) National driver register.--For carrying out chapter 303 
        (National Driver Register) of title 49, United States Code, by 
        the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration--
                    (A) $1,605,000 for fiscal year 1998;
                    (B) $1,680,000 for fiscal year 1999;
                    (C) $1,726,000 for fiscal year 2000;
                    (D) $1,772,000 for fiscal year 2001;
                    (E) $1,817,000 for fiscal year 2002; and
                    (F) $1,872,000 for fiscal year 2003.

SEC. 3104. MOTOR VEHICLE PURSUIT PROGRAM.

    (a) Motor Vehicle Pursuit Program.--
            (1) Training.--Section 403(b)(1) of title 23, United States 
        Code, as amended by section 3101(h), is amended by adding at 
        the end thereof the following:
                    ``(D) Programs to train law enforcement officers on 
                motor vehicle pursuits conducted by law enforcement 
                officers.''.
            (2) Funding.--Out of amounts appropriated to carry out 
        section 403 of title 23, United States Code, the Secretary of 
        Transportation may use such amounts as may be necessary to 
        carry out the motor vehicle pursuit training program of section 
        403(b)(1)(D) of title 23, United States Code, but not in excess 
        of $1,000,000 for each of fiscal years 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 
        and 2003.
    (b) Report of Federal Policies and Procedures.--Not later than 180 
days after the date of enactment of this Act, the Attorney General of 
the United States, the Secretary of Agriculture, the Secretary of the 
Interior, the Secretary of the Treasury, the Chief of Capitol Police, 
and the Administrator of General Services shall each transmit to 
Congress a report containing--
            (1) the policy of the department or agency headed by that 
        individual concerning motor vehicle pursuits by law enforcement 
        officers of that department or agency; and
            (2) a description of the procedures that the department or 
        agency uses to train law enforcement officers in the 
        implementation of the policy referred to in paragraph (1).

SEC. 3105. ENFORCEMENT OF WINDOW GLAZING STANDARDS FOR LIGHT 
              TRANSMISSION.

    Section 402(a) of title 23, United States Code, is amended by 
striking ``post-accident procedures.'' and inserting ``post-accident 
procedures, including the enforcement of light transmission standards 
of glazing for passenger motor vehicles and light trucks as necessary 
to improve highway safety.''.

SEC. 3106. IMPROVING AIR BAG SAFETY.

    (a) Suspension of Unbelted Barrier Testing.--The provision in 
Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard No. 208, Occupant crash 
protection, 49 CFR 571.208, that requires air bag-equipped vehicles to 
be crashed into a barrier using unbelted 50th percentile adult male 
dummies is suspended until either the rule issued under subsection (b) 
goes into effect or, prior to the effective date of the rule, the 
Secretary of Transportation, after reporting to the Commerce Committee 
of the House of Representatives, and the Committee on Commerce, 
Science, and Transportation of the Senate, determines by rule that 
restoring the test is necessary to accomplish the purposes of 
subsection (b).
    (b) Rulemaking to Improve Air Bags.--
            (1) Notice of proposed rulemaking.--Not later than June 1, 
        1998, the Secretary of Transportation shall issue a notice of 
        proposed rulemaking to improve the occupant protection for all 
        occupants provided by Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard No. 
        208, while minimizing the risk to infants, children, and other 
        occupants from injuries and deaths caused by air bags, by means 
        that include advanced air bags.
            (2) Final rule.--The Secretary shall complete the 
        rulemaking required by this subsection by issuing, not later 
        than June 1, 1999, a final rule consistent with paragraph (1). 
        If the Secretary determines that the final rule cannot be 
        completed by that date to meet the purposes of paragraph (1), 
        and advises the Congress of the reasons for this determination, 
        the Secretary may extend the date for issuing the final rule by 
        not more than one year. The Congress may, by joint resolution, 
        grant a further extension of the date for issuing a final rule.
            (3) Methods to ensure protection.--Notwithstanding 
        subsection (a) of this section, the rule required by paragraph 
        (2) may include such tests, including tests with dummies of 
        different sizes, as the Secretary determines to be reasonable, 
        practicable, and appropriate to meet the purposes of paragraph 
        (1).
            (4) Effective date.--The final rule issued under this 
        subsection shall become effective in phases as rapidly as 
        practicable, beginning not earlier than September 1, 2001, and 
        not later than September 1, 2002, and shall become effective 
        not later than September 1, 2005, for all motor vehicles in 
        which air bags are required to be installed. If the Secretary 
        determines that the September 1, 2005, effective date is not 
        practicable to meet the purposes of paragraph (1), the 
        Secretary may extend the effective date for not more than one 
        year. The Congress may, by joint resolution, grant a further 
        extension of the effective date.
    (c) Report on Air Bag Improvements.--Not later than 6 months after 
the enactment of this section, the Secretary of Transportation shall 
report to Congress on the development of technology to improve the 
protection given by air bags and reduce the risks from air bags. To the 
extent possible, the report shall describe the performance 
characteristics of advanced air bag devices, their estimated cost, 
their estimated benefits, and the time within which they could be 
installed in production vehicles.

SEC. 3107. ROADSIDE SAFETY TECHNOLOGIES.

    (a) Crash Cushions.--
            (1) Guidance.--The Secretary shall initiate and issue a 
        guidance regarding the benefits and safety performance of 
        redirective and nonredirective crash cushions in different road 
        applications, taking into consideration roadway conditions, 
        operating speed limits, the location of the crash cushion in 
        the right-of-way, and any other relevant factors. The guidance 
        shall include recommendations on the most appropriate 
        circumstances for utilization of redirective and nonredirective 
        crash cushions.
            (2) Use of guidance.--States shall use the guidance issued 
        under this subsection in evaluating the safety and cost-
        effectiveness of utilizing different crash cushion designs and 
        determining whether redirective or nonredirective crash 
        cushions or other safety appurtenances should be installed at 
        specific highway locations.

     Subtitle B--Hazardous Materials Transportation Reauthorization

SEC. 3201. FINDINGS AND PURPOSES; DEFINITIONS.

    (a) Findings and Purposes.--Section 5101 is amended to read as 
follows:
``Sec. 5101. Findings and purposes
    ``(a) Findings.--Congress finds with respect to hazardous materials 
transportation that--
            ``(1) approximately 4,000,000,000 tons of regulated 
        hazardous materials are transported each year and that 
        approximately 1,000,000 movements of hazardous materials occur 
        each day, according to Department of Transportation estimates;
            ``(2) accidents involving the release of hazardous 
        materials are a serious threat to public health and safety;
            ``(3) many States and localities have enacted laws and 
        regulations that vary from Federal laws and regulations 
        pertaining to the transportation of hazardous materials, 
        thereby creating the potential for unreasonable hazards in 
        other jurisdictions and confounding shippers and carriers that 
        attempt to comply with multiple and conflicting registration, 
        permitting, routings, notification, loading, unloading, 
        incidental storage, and other regulatory requirements;
            ``(4) because of the potential risks to life, property and 
        the environment posed by unintentional releases of hazardous 
        materials, consistency in laws and regulations governing the 
        transportation of hazardous materials, including loading, 
        unloading, and incidental storage, is necessary and desirable;
            ``(5) in order to achieve greater uniformity and to promote 
        the public health, welfare, and safety at all levels, Federal 
        standards for regulating the transportation of hazardous 
        materials in intrastate, interstate, and foreign commerce are 
        necessary and desirable;
            ``(6) in order to provide reasonable, adequate, and cost-
        effective protection from the risks posed by the transportation 
        of hazardous materials, a network of adequately trained State 
        and local emergency response personnel is required;
            ``(7) the movement of hazardous materials in commerce is 
        necessary and desirable to maintain economic vitality and meet 
        consumer demands, and shall be conducted in a safe and 
        efficient manner;
            ``(8) primary authority for the regulation of such 
        transportation should be consolidated in the Department of 
        Transportation to ensure the safe and efficient movement of 
        hazardous materials in commerce; and
            ``(9) emergency response personnel have a continuing need 
        for training on responses to releases of hazardous materials in 
        transportation and small businesses have a continuing need for 
        training on compliance with hazardous materials regulations.
    ``(b) Purposes.--The purposes of this chapter are--
            ``(1) to ensure the safe and efficient transportation of 
        hazardous materials in intrastate, interstate, and foreign 
        commerce, including the loading, unloading, and incidental 
        storage of hazardous material;
            ``(2) to provide the Secretary with preemption authority to 
        achieve uniform regulation of hazardous material 
        transportation, to eliminate inconsistent rules that apply 
        differently from Federal rules, to ensure efficient movement of 
        hazardous materials in commerce, and to promote the national 
        health, welfare, and safety; and
            ``(3) to provide adequate training for public sector 
        emergency response teams to ensure safe responses to hazardous 
        material transportation accidents and incidents.''.
    (b) Definitions.--Section 5102 is amended by--
            (1) by striking paragraph (1) and inserting the following:
            ``(1) `commerce' means trade or transportation in the 
        jurisdiction of the United States--
                    ``(A) between a place in a State and a place 
                outside of the State;
                    ``(B) that affects trade or transportation between 
                a place in a State and a place outside of the State; or
                    ``(C) on a United States-registered aircraft.'';
            (2) by striking paragraphs (3) and (4) and inserting the 
        following:
            ``(3) `hazmat employee' means an individual who--
                    ``(A) is--
                            ``(i) employed by a hazmat employer,
                            ``(ii) self-employed, or
                            ``(iii) an owner-operator of a motor 
                        vehicle; and
                    ``(B) during the course of employment--
                            ``(i) loads, unloads, or handles hazardous 
                        material;
                            ``(ii) manufactures, reconditions, or tests 
                        containers, drums, or other packagings 
                        represented as qualified for use in 
                        transporting hazardous material;
                            ``(iii) performs any function pertaining to 
                        the offering of hazardous material for 
                        transportation;
                            ``(iv) is responsible for the safety of 
                        transporting hazardous material; or
                            ``(v) operates a vehicle used to transport 
                        hazardous material.
            ``(4) `hazmat employer' means a person who--
                    ``(A) either--
                            ``(i) is self-employed,
                            ``(ii) is an owner-operator of a motor 
                        vehicle, or
                            ``(iii) has at least 1 employee; and
                    ``(B) performs a function, or uses at least 1 
                employee, in connection with--
                            ``(i) transporting hazardous material in 
                        commerce;
                            ``(ii) causing hazardous material to be 
                        transported in commerce, or
                            ``(iii) manufacturing, reconditioning, or 
                        testing containers, drums, or other packagings 
                        represented as qualified for use in 
                        transporting hazardous material.'';
            (3) by striking ``title.'' in paragraph (7) and inserting 
        ``title, except that a freight forwarder is included only if 
        performing a function related to highway transportation.'';
            (4) by redesignating paragraphs (9) through (13) as 
        paragraphs (12) through (16), respectively;
            (5) by inserting after paragraph (8) the following:
            ``(9) `out-of-service order' means a mandate that an 
        aircraft, vessel, motor vehicle, train, other vehicle, or a 
        part of any of these, not be moved until specified conditions 
        have been met.
            ``(10) `package' or `outside package' means a packaging 
        plus its contents.
            ``(11) `packaging' means a receptacle and any other 
        components or materials necessary for the receptacle to perform 
        its containment function in conformance with the minimum 
        packaging requirements established by the Secretary of 
        Transportation.''; and
            (6) by striking ``or transporting hazardous material to 
        further a commercial enterprise;'' in paragraph (12)(A), as 
        redesignated by paragraph (4) of this subsection, and inserting 
        ``, and transporting hazardous material to further a commercial 
        enterprise, or manufacturing, reconditioning, or testing 
        containers, drums, or other packagings represented as qualified 
        for use in transporting hazardous material''.
    (c) Clerical Amendment.--The chapter analysis of chapter 51 is 
amended by striking the item relating to section 5101 and inserting the 
following:

``5101. Findings and purposes.''.

SEC. 3202. HANDLING CRITERIA REPEAL.

    Section 5106 is repealed and the chapter analysis of chapter 51 is 
amended by striking the item relating to that section.

SEC. 3203. HAZMAT EMPLOYEE TRAINING REQUIREMENTS.

    Section 5107(f)(2) is amended by striking ``and section 5106, and 
subsections (a) through (g)(1) and (h) of section 5108(a), and 5109 of 
this title''.

SEC. 3204. REGISTRATION.

    Section 5108 is amended by--
            (1) by striking subsection (b)(1)(C) and inserting the 
        following:
                    ``(C) each State in which the person carries out 
                any of the activities.'';
            (2) by striking subsection (c) and inserting the following:
    ``(c) Filing Schedule.--Each person required to file a registration 
statement under subsection (a) of this section shall file that 
statement annually in accordance with regulations issued by the 
Secretary.'';
            (3) by striking ``552(f)'' in subsection (f) and inserting 
        ``552(b)'';
            (4) by striking ``may'' in subsection (g)(1) and inserting 
        ``shall''; and
            (5) by inserting ``or an Indian tribe,'' in subsection 
        (i)(2)(B) after ``State,''.

SEC. 3205. SHIPPING PAPER RETENTION.

    Section 5110(e) is amended by striking the first sentence and 
inserting ``After expiration of the requirement in subsection (c), the 
person who provided the shipping paper and the carrier required to 
maintain it under subsection (a) shall retain the paper or an 
electronic image thereof, for a period of 1 year after the shipping 
paper was provided to the carrier, to be accessible through their 
respective principal places of business.''.

SEC. 3206. PUBLIC SECTOR TRAINING CURRICULUM.

    Section 5115 is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a), by striking ``Development and 
        Updating.--Not later than November 16, 1992, in'' and inserting 
        ``Updating.--In'';
            (2) in the first sentence of subsection (a), by striking 
        ``develop and'';
            (3) in subsection (a), by striking the second sentence;
            (4) in the first sentence of subsection (b), by striking 
        ``developed'';
            (5) in subparagraphs (A) and (B) of subsection (b)(1), by 
        inserting ``or involving an alternative fuel vehicle'' after 
        ``material''; and
            (6) by striking subsection (d) and inserting the following:
    ``(d) Distribution and Publication.--With the national response 
team, the Secretary of Transportation may publish a list of programs 
that use a course developed under this section for training public 
sector employees to respond to an accident or incident involving the 
transportation of hazardous material.''.

SEC. 3207. PLANNING AND TRAINING GRANTS.

    Section 5116 is amended by--
            (1) by striking ``of'' in the second sentence of subsection 
        (e) and inserting ``received by'';
            (2) by striking subsection (f) and inserting the following:
    ``(f) Monitoring and Technical Assistance.--The Secretary of 
Transportation shall monitor public sector emergency response planning 
and training for an accident or incident involving hazardous material. 
Considering the results of the monitoring, the Secretary shall provide 
technical assistance to a State, political subdivision of a State, or 
Indian tribe for carrying out emergency response training and planning 
for an accident or incident involving hazardous material and shall 
coordinate the assistance using the existing coordinating mechanisms of 
the national response team for oil and hazardous substances and, for 
radioactive material, the Federal Radiological Preparedness 
Coordinating Committee.''; and
            (3) by adding at the end thereof the following:
    ``(l) Small Businesses.--The Secretary may authorize a State or 
Indian tribe receiving a grant under this section to use up to 25 
percent of the amount of the grant to assist small businesses in 
complying with regulations issued under this chapter.''.

SEC. 3208. SPECIAL PERMITS, PILOT PROGRAMS, AND EXCLUSIONS.

    (a) Section 5117 is amended--
            (1) by striking the section heading and inserting the 
        following:
``Sec. 5117. Special permits, pilot programs, exemptions, and 
              exclusions'';
            (2) by striking ``2 years'' in subsection (a)(2) and 
        inserting ``4 years'';
            (3) by redesignating subsection (e) as subsection (f); and
            (4) by inserting after subsection (d) the following:
    ``(e) Authority to Carry out Pilot Programs.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary is authorized to carry out 
        pilot programs to examine innovative approaches or alternatives 
        to regulations issued under this chapter for private motor 
        carriage in intrastate transportation of an agricultural 
        production material from--
                    ``(A) a source of supply to a farm;
                    ``(B) a farm to another farm;
                    ``(C) a field to another field on a farm; or
                    ``(D) a farm back to the source of supply.
            ``(2) Limitation.--The Secretary may not carry out a pilot 
        program under paragraph (1) if the Secretary determines that 
        the program would pose an undue risk to public health and 
        safety.
            ``(3) Safety levels.--In carrying out a pilot project under 
        this subsection, the Secretary shall require, as a condition of 
        approval of the project, that the safety measures in the 
        project are designed to achieve a level of safety that is 
        equivalent to, or greater than, the level of safety that would 
        otherwise be achieved through compliance with the standards 
        prescribed under this chapter.
            ``(4) Termination of project.--The Secretary shall 
        immediately terminate any project entered into under this 
        subsection if the motor carrier or other entity to which it 
        applies fails to comply with the terms and conditions of the 
        pilot project or the Secretary determines that the project has 
        resulted in a lower level of safety than was maintained before 
        the project was initiated.
            ``(5) Nonapplication.--This subsection does not apply to 
        the application of regulations issued under this chapter to 
        vessels or aircraft.''.
    (b) Section 5119(c) is amended by adding at the end the following:
            ``(4) Pending promulgation of regulations under this 
        subsection, States may participate in a program of uniform 
        forms and procedures recommended by the working group under 
        subsection (b).''.
    (c) The chapter analysis for chapter 51 is amended by striking the 
item related to section 5117 and inserting the following:

``5117. Special permits, pilot programs, exemptions, and exclusions.''.

SEC. 3209. ADMINISTRATION.

    (a) Section 5121 is amended by striking subsections (a), (b), and 
(c) and redesignating subsections (d) and (e) as subsections (a) and 
(b), respectively.
    (b) Section 5122 is amended by redesignating subsections (a), (b), 
and (c) as subsections (d), (e), and (f), and by inserting before 
subsection (d), as redesignated, the following:
    ``(a) General Authority.--To carry out this chapter, the Secretary 
of Transportation may investigate, make reports, issue subpoenas, 
conduct hearings, require the production of records and property, take 
depositions, and conduct research, development, demonstration, and 
training activities. After notice and an opportunity for a hearing, the 
Secretary may issue an order requiring compliance with this chapter or 
a regulation prescribed under this chapter.
    ``(b) Records, Reports, and Information.--A person subject to this 
chapter shall--
            ``(1) maintain records, make reports, and provide 
        information the Secretary by regulation or order requires; and
            ``(2) make the records, reports, and information available 
        when the Secretary requests.
    ``(c) Inspection.--
            ``(1) The Secretary may authorize an officer, employee, or 
        agent to inspect, at a reasonable time and in a reasonable way, 
        records and property related to--
                    ``(A) manufacturing, fabricating, marking, 
                maintaining, reconditioning, repairing, testing, or 
                distributing a packaging or a container for use by a 
                person in transporting hazardous material in commerce; 
                or
                    ``(B) the transportation of hazardous material in 
                commerce.
            ``(2) An officer, employee, or agent under this subsection 
        shall display proper credentials when requested.''.

SEC. 3210. COOPERATIVE AGREEMENTS.

    Section 5121, as amended by section 3209(a), is further amended by 
adding at the end thereof the following:
    ``(f) Authority for Cooperative Agreements.--To carry out this 
chapter, the Secretary may enter into grants, cooperative agreements, 
and other transactions with a person, agency or instrumentality of the 
United States, a unit of State or local government, an Indian tribe, a 
foreign government (in coordination with the State Department), an 
educational institution, or other entity to further the objectives of 
this chapter. The objectives of this chapter include the conduct of 
research, development, demonstration, risk assessment, emergency 
response planning and training activities.''.

SEC. 3211. ENFORCEMENT.

    Section 5122, as amended by section 3209(b), is further amended--
            (1) in the first sentence of subsection (a), by inserting 
        ``inspect,'' after ``may'';
            (2) by striking the last sentence of subsection (a) and 
        inserting: ``Except as provided in subsection (e) of this 
        section, the Secretary shall provide notice and an opportunity 
        for a hearing prior to issuing an order requiring compliance 
        with this chapter or a regulation, order, special permit, or 
        approval issued under this chapter.''; and
            (3) by redesignating subsections (d), (e) and (f) as 
        subsections (f), (g) and (h), and inserting after subsection 
        (c) the following:
    ``(d) Other Authority.--
            ``(1) Inspection.--During inspections and investigations, 
        officers, employees, or agents of the Secretary may--
                    ``(A) open and examine the contents of a package 
                offered for, or in, transportation when--
                            ``(i) the package is marked, labeled, 
                        certified, placarded, or otherwise represented 
                        as containing a hazardous material, or
                            ``(ii) there is an objectively reasonable 
                        and articulable belief that the package may 
                        contain a hazardous material;
                    ``(B) take a sample, sufficient for analysis, of 
                material marked or represented as a hazardous material 
                or for which there is an objectively reasonable and 
                articulable belief that the material may be a hazardous 
                material, and analyze that material;
                    ``(C) when there is an objectively reasonable and 
                articulable belief that an imminent hazard may exist, 
                prevent the further transportation of the material 
                until the hazardous qualities of that material have 
                been determined; and
                    ``(D) when safety might otherwise be compromised, 
                authorize properly qualified personnel to conduct the 
                examination, sampling, or analysis of a material.
            ``(2) Notification.--No package opened pursuant to this 
        subsection shall continue its transportation until the officer, 
        employee, or agent of the Secretary--
                    ``(A) affixes a label to the package indicating 
                that the package was inspected pursuant to this 
                subsection; and
                    ``(B) notifies the shipper that the package was 
                opened for examination.
    ``(e) Emergency Orders.--
            ``(1) If, through testing, inspection, investigation, or 
        research carried out under this chapter, the Secretary decides 
        that an unsafe condition or practice, or a combination of them, 
        causes an emergency situation involving a hazard of death, 
        personal injury, or significant harm to the environment, the 
        Secretary may immediately issue or impose restrictions, 
        prohibitions, recalls, or out-of-service orders, without notice 
        or the opportunity for a hearing, that may be necessary to 
        abate the situation.
            ``(2) The Secretary's action under this subsection must be 
        in a written order describing the condition or practice, or 
        combination of them, that causes the emergency situation; 
        stating the restrictions, prohibitions, recalls, or out-of-
        service orders being issued or imposed; and prescribing 
        standards and procedures for obtaining relief from the order.
            ``(3) After taking action under this subsection, the 
        Secretary shall provide an opportunity for review of that 
        action under section 554 of title 5.
            ``(4) If a petition for review is filed and the review is 
        not completed by the end of the 30-day period beginning on the 
        date the petition was filed, the action will cease to be 
        effective at the end of that period unless the Secretary 
        determines in writing that the emergency situation still 
        exists.''.

SEC. 3212. PENALTIES.

    (a) In General.--Section 5123(a)(1) is amended by striking the 
first sentence and inserting the following: ``A person that knowingly 
violates this chapter or a regulation, order, special permit, or 
approval issued under this chapter is liable to the United States 
Government for a civil penalty of at least $250 but not more than 
$27,500 for each violation.''.
    (b) Degree of Culpability.--Section 5123(c)(2) is amended to read 
as follows:
            ``(2) with respect to the violator, the degree of 
        culpability, any good-faith efforts to comply with the 
        applicable requirements, any history of prior violations, any 
        economic benefit resulting from the violation, the ability to 
        pay, and any effect on the ability to continue to do business; 
        and''.
    (c) Criminal Penalty.--Section 5124 is amended to read as follows:
``Sec. 5124. Criminal penalty
    ``(a) In General.--A person knowingly violating section 5104(b) of 
this title or willfully violating this chapter or a regulation, order, 
special permit, or approval issued under this chapter, shall be fined 
under title 18, imprisoned for not more than 5 years, or both.
    ``(b) Aggravated Violations.--A person knowingly violating section 
5104(b) of this title or willfully violating this chapter or a 
regulation, order, special permit, or approval issued under this 
chapter, and thereby causing the release of a hazardous material, shall 
be fined under title 18, imprisoned for not more than 20 years, or 
both.''.

SEC. 3213. PREEMPTION.

    (a) Requirements Contrary to Purposes of Chapter.--Section 
5125(a)(2) is amended by inserting ``, the purposes of this chapter,'' 
after ``this chapter'' the first place it appears.
    (b) Deadwood.--Section 5125(b)(2) is amended by striking 
``prescribes after November 16, 1990.'' and inserting ``prescribes.''.
    (c) Independent Application of Preemption Standards.--Section 5125 
is amended by adding at the end thereof the following:
    ``(h) Independent Application of Each Standard.--Each preemption 
standard in subsections (a), (b)(1), (c), and (g) of this section and 
section 5119(c)(2) is independent in its application to a requirement 
of any State, political subdivision of a State, or Indian tribe.''.

SEC. 3214. JUDICIAL REVIEW.

    (a) In General.--Chapter 51 is amended by redesignating section 
5127 as section 5128, and by inserting after section 5126 the following 
new section:
``Sec. 5127. Judicial review
    ``(a) Filing and Venue.--Except as provided in section 20114(c), a 
person disclosing a substantial interest in a final order issued, under 
the authority of section 5122 or 5123, by the Secretary of 
Transportation, the Administrators of the Research and Special Programs 
Administration, the Federal Aviation Administration, or the Federal 
Highway Administration, or the Commandant of the United States Coast 
Guard (`modal Administrator'), with respect to the duties and powers 
designated to be carried out by the Secretary under this chapter, may 
apply for review in the United States Court of Appeals for the District 
of Columbia or in the court of appeals for the United States for the 
circuit in which the person resides or has its principal place of 
business. The petition must be filed not more than 60 days after the 
order is issued. The court may allow the petition to be filed after the 
60th day only if there are reasonable grounds for not filing by the 
60th day.
    ``(b) Judicial Procedures.--When a petition is filed under 
subsection (a) of this section, the clerk of the court immediately 
shall send a copy of the petition to the Secretary or the modal 
Administrator, as appropriate. The Secretary or the modal Administrator 
shall file with the court a record of any proceeding in which the order 
was issued, as provided in section 2112 of title 28.
    ``(c) Authority of Court.--When the petition is sent to the 
Secretary or the modal Administrator, the court has exclusive 
jurisdiction to affirm, amend, modify, or set aside any part of the 
order and may order the Secretary or the modal Administrator to conduct 
further proceedings. After reasonable notice to the Secretary or the 
modal Administrator, the court may grant interim relief by staying the 
order or taking other appropriate action when good cause for its action 
exists. Findings of fact by the Secretary or the modal Administrator, 
if supported by substantial evidence, are conclusive.
    ``(d) Requirement for Prior Objection.--In reviewing a final order 
under this section, the court may consider an objection to a final 
order of the Secretary or the modal Administrator only if the objection 
was made in the course of a proceeding or review conducted by the 
Secretary, the modal Administrator, or an administrative law judge, or 
if there was a reasonable ground for not making the objection in the 
proceeding.
    ``(e) Supreme Court Review.--A decision by a court under this 
section may be reviewed only by the Supreme Court under section 1254 of 
title 28, United States Code.''.
    (b) Clerical Amendment.--The chapter analysis for chapter 51 is 
amended by striking the item related to section 5127 and inserting the 
following:

``5127. Judicial review.
``5128. Authorization of appropriations.''.

SEC. 3215. HAZARDOUS MATERIAL TRANSPORTATION REAUTHORIZATION.

    (a) In General.--Chapter 51, as amended by section 3214 of this 
Act, is amended by redesignating section 5128 as section 5129 and by 
inserting after section 5127 the following:
``Sec. 5128. High risk hazardous material and hazardous waste; motor 
              carrier safety study
    ``(a) Study.--The Secretary of Transportation shall conduct a 
study--
            ``(1) to determine the safety benefits and administrative 
        efficiency of implementing a Federal permit program for high 
        risk hazardous material and hazardous waste carriers;
            ``(2) to identify and evaluate alternative regulatory 
        methods and procedures that may improve the safety of high risk 
        hazardous material and hazardous waste carriers and shippers, 
        including evaluating whether an annual safety fitness 
        determination that is linked to permit renewals for hazardous 
        material and hazardous waste carriers is warranted;
            ``(3) to examine the safety benefits of increased 
        monitoring of high risk hazardous material and hazardous waste 
        carriers, and the costs, benefits, and procedures of existing 
        State permit programs;
            ``(4) to make such recommendations as may be appropriate 
        for the improvement of uniformity among existing State permit 
        programs; and
            ``(5) to assess the potential of advanced technologies for 
        improving the assessment of high risk hazardous material and 
        hazardous waste carriers' compliance with motor carrier safety 
        regulations.
    ``(b) Timeframe.--The Secretary shall begin the study required by 
subsection (a) within 6 months after the date of enactment of the 
Intermodal Transportation Safety Act of 1998 and complete it within 30 
months after the date of enactment of that Act.
    ``(c) Report.--The Secretary shall report the findings of the study 
required by subsection (a), together with such recommendations as may 
be appropriate, within 36 months after the date of enactment of the 
Intermodal Transportation Safety Act of 1998.''.
    (b) Section 5109 Regulations To Reflect Study Findings.--Section 
5109(h) is amended by striking ``not later than November 16, 1991.'' 
and inserting ``based upon the findings of the study required by 
section 5128(a).''.
    (c) Conforming Amendment.--The chapter analysis for chapter 51, as 
amended by section 3214, is amended by striking the item relating to 
section 5128 and inserting the following:

``5128. High risk hazardous material and hazardous waste; motor carrier 
                            safety study.
``5129. Authorization of appropriations.''.

SEC. 3216. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

    Section 5129, as redesignated, is amended--
            (1) by striking subsection (a) and inserting the following:
    ``(a) General.--There are authorized to be appropriated to the 
Secretary of Transportation to carry out this chapter (except sections 
5107(e), 5108(g)(2), 5113, 5115, and 5116) not more than--
            ``(1) $15,492,000 for fiscal year 1998;
            ``(2) $16,000,000 for fiscal year 1999;
            ``(3) $16,500,000 for fiscal year 2000;
            ``(4) $17,000,000 for fiscal year 2001;
            ``(5) $17,500,000 for fiscal year 2002; and
            ``(6) $18,000,000 for fiscal year 2003.''; and
            (2) by striking subsections (c) and (d) and inserting the 
        following:
    ``(c) Training Curriculum.--Not more than $200,000 is available to 
the Secretary of Transportation from the account established under 
section 5116(i) for each of the fiscal years ending September 30, 1999-
2003, to carry out section 5115.
    ``(d) Planning and Training.--
            (1) Not more than $2,444,000 is available to the Secretary 
        of Transportation from the account established under section 
        5116(i) for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1998, and such 
        sums as may be necessary for fiscal years 1999-2003, to carry 
        out section 5116(a).
            ``(2) Not more than $3,666,000 is available to the 
        Secretary of Transportation from the account established under 
        section 5116(i) for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1998, 
        and such sums as may be necessary for fiscal years 1999-2003, 
        to carry out section 5116(b).
            ``(3) Not more than $600,000 is available to the Secretary 
        of Transportation from the account established under section 
        5116(i) for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1998, and such 
        sums as may be necessary for fiscal years 1999-2003, to carry 
        out section 5116(f).''.

            Subtitle C--Comprehensive One-Call Notification

SEC. 3301. FINDINGS.

    Congress finds that--
            (1) unintentional damage to underground facilities during 
        excavation is a significant cause of disruptions in 
        telecommunications, water supply, electric power, and other 
        vital public services, such as hospital and air traffic control 
        operations, and is a leading cause of natural gas and hazardous 
        liquid pipeline accidents;
            (2) excavation that is performed without prior notification 
        to an underground facility operator or with inaccurate marking 
        of such a facility prior to excavation can cause damage that 
        results in fatalities, serious injuries, harm to the 
        environment and disruption of vital services to the public; and
            (3) protection of the public and the environment from the 
        consequences of underground facility damage caused by 
        excavations will be enhanced by a coordinated national effort 
        to improve one-call notification programs in each State and the 
        effectiveness and efficiency of one-call notification systems 
        that operate under such programs.

SEC. 3302. ESTABLISHMENT OF ONE-CALL NOTIFICATION PROGRAMS.

    (a) In General.--Subtitle III is amended by adding at the end 
thereof the following:

              ``CHAPTER 61--ONE-CALL NOTIFICATION PROGRAMS

``Sec.
``6101. Purposes.
``6102. Definitions.
``6103. Minimum standards for State one-call notification programs.
``6104. Compliance with minimum standards.
``6105. Review of one-call system best practices.
``6106. Grants to States.
``6107. Authorization of appropriations.
``Sec. 6101. Purposes
    ``The purposes of this chapter are--
            ``(1) to enhance public safety;
            ``(2) to protect the environment;
            ``(3) to minimize risks to excavators; and
            ``(4) to prevent disruption of vital public services,
by reducing the incidence of damage to underground facilities during 
excavation through the adoption and efficient implementation by all 
States of State one-call notification programs that meet the minimum 
standards set forth under section 6103.
``Sec. 6102. Definitions
    ``For purposes of this chapter:
            ``(1) One-call notification system.--The term ``one-call 
        notification system'' means a system operated by an 
        organization that has as 1 of its purposes to receive 
        notification from excavators of intended excavation in a 
        specified area in order to disseminate such notification to 
        underground facility operators that are members of the system 
        so that such operators can locate and mark their facilities in 
        order to prevent damage to underground facilities in the course 
        of such excavation.
            ``(2) State one-call notification program.--The term 
        ``State one-call notification program'' means the State 
        statutes, regulations, orders, judicial decisions, and other 
        elements of law and policy in effect in a State that establish 
        the requirements for the operation of one-call notification 
        systems in such State.
            ``(3) State.--The term `State' means a State, the District 
        of Columbia, and Puerto Rico.
            ``(4) Secretary.--The term `Secretary' means the Secretary 
        of Transportation.
``Sec. 6103. Minimum standards for State one-call notification programs
    ``(a) Minimum Standards.--A State one-call notification program 
shall, at a minimum, provide for--
            ``(1) appropriate participation by all underground facility 
        operators;
            ``(2) appropriate participation by all excavators; and
            ``(3) flexible and effective enforcement under State law 
        with respect to participation in, and use of, one-call 
        notification systems.
    ``(b) Appropriate Participation.--In determining the appropriate 
extent of participation required for types of underground facilities or 
excavators under subsection (a), a State shall assess, rank, and take 
into consideration the risks to the public safety, the environment, 
excavators, and vital public services associated with--
            ``(1) damage to types of underground facilities; and
            ``(2) activities of types of excavators.
    ``(c) Implementation.--A State one-call notification program also 
shall, at a minimum, provide for--
            ``(1) consideration of the ranking of risks under 
        subsection (b) in the enforcement of its provisions;
            ``(2) a reasonable relationship between the benefits of 
        one-call notification and the cost of implementing and 
        complying with the requirements of the State one-call 
        notification program; and
            ``(3) voluntary participation where the State determines 
        that a type of underground facility or an activity of a type of 
        excavator poses a de minimis risk to public safety or the 
        environment.
    ``(d) Penalties.--To the extent the State determines appropriate 
and necessary to achieve the purposes of this chapter, a State one-call 
notification program shall, at a minimum, provide for--
            ``(1) administrative or civil penalties commensurate with 
        the seriousness of a violation by an excavator or facility 
        owner of a State one-call notification program;
            ``(2) increased penalties for parties that repeatedly 
        damage underground facilities because they fail to use one-call 
        notification systems or for parties that repeatedly fail to 
        provide timely and accurate marking after the required call has 
        been made to a one-call notification system;
            ``(3) reduced or waived penalties for a violation of a 
        requirement of a State one-call notification program that 
        results in, or could result in, damage that is promptly 
        reported by the violator;
            ``(4) equitable relief; and
            ``(5) citation of violations.
``Sec. 6104. Compliance with minimum standards
    ``(a) Requirement.--In order to qualify for a grant under section 
6106, each State shall, within 2 years after the date of the enactment 
of the Intermodal Transportation Safety Act of 1998, submit to the 
Secretary a grant application under subsection (b).
    ``(b) Application.--
            ``(1) Upon application by a State, the Secretary shall 
        review that State's one-call notification program, including 
        the provisions for the implementation of the program and the 
        record of compliance and enforcement under the program.
            ``(2) Based on the review under paragraph (1), the 
        Secretary shall determine whether the State's one-call 
        notification program meets the minimum standards for such a 
        program set forth in section 6103 in order to qualify for a 
        grant under section 6106.
            ``(3) In order to expedite compliance under this section, 
        the Secretary may consult with the State as to whether an 
        existing State one-call notification program, a specific 
        modification thereof, or a proposed State program would result 
        in a positive determination under paragraph (2).
            ``(4) The Secretary shall prescribe the form of, and manner 
        of filing, an application under this section that shall provide 
        sufficient information about a State's one-call notification 
        program for the Secretary to evaluate its overall 
        effectiveness. Such information may include the nature and 
        reasons for exceptions from required participation, the types 
        of enforcement available, and such other information as the 
        Secretary deems necessary.
            ``(5) The application of a State under paragraph (1) and 
        the record of actions of the Secretary under this section shall 
        be available to the public.
    ``(c) Alternative Program.--A State may maintain an alternative 
one-call notification program if that program provides protection for 
public safety, the environment, or excavators that is equivalent to, or 
greater than, protection under a program that meets the minimum 
standards set forth in section 6103.
    ``(d) Report.--Within 3 years after the date of the enactment of 
the Intermodal Transportation Safety Act of 1998, the Secretary shall 
begin to include the following information in reports submitted under 
section 60124 of this title--
            ``(1) a description of the extent to which each State has 
        adopted and implemented the minimum Federal standards under 
        section 6103 or maintains an alternative program under 
        subsection (c);
            ``(2) an analysis by the Secretary of the overall 
        effectiveness of the State's one-call notification program and 
        the one-call notification systems operating under such program 
        in achieving the purposes of this chapter;
            ``(3) the impact of the State's decisions on the extent of 
        required participation in one-call notification systems on 
        prevention of damage to underground facilities; and
            ``(4) areas where improvements are needed in one-call 
        notification systems in operation in the State.
The report shall also include any recommendations the Secretary 
determines appropriate. If the Secretary determines that the purposes 
of this chapter have been substantially achieved, no further report 
under this section shall be required.
``Sec. 6105. Review of one-call system best practices
    ``(a) Study of Existing One-Call Systems.--Except as provided in 
subsection (d), the Secretary, in consultation with other appropriate 
Federal agencies, State agencies, one-call notification system 
operators, underground facility operators, excavators, and other 
interested parties, shall undertake a study of damage prevention 
practices associated with existing one-call notification systems.
    ``(b) Purpose of Study of Damage Prevention Practices.--The purpose 
of the study is to assemble information in order to determine which 
existing one-call notification systems practices appear to be the most 
effective in preventing damage to underground facilities and in 
protecting the public, the environment, excavators, and public service 
disruption. As part of the study, the Secretary shall at a minimum 
consider--
            ``(1) the methods used by one-call notification systems and 
        others to encourage participation by excavators and owners of 
        underground facilities;
            ``(2) the methods by which one-call notification systems 
        promote awareness of their programs, including use of public 
        service announcements and educational materials and programs;
            ``(3) the methods by which one-call notification systems 
        receive and distribute information from excavators and 
        underground facility owners;
            ``(4) the use of any performance and service standards to 
        verify the effectiveness of a one-call notification system;
            ``(5) the effectiveness and accuracy of mapping used by 
        one-call notification systems;
            ``(6) the relationship between one-call notification 
        systems and preventing intentional damage to underground 
        facilities;
            ``(7) how one-call notification systems address the need 
        for rapid response to situations where the need to excavate is 
        urgent;
            ``(8) the extent to which accidents occur due to errors in 
        marking of underground facilities, untimely marking or errors 
        in the excavation process after a one-call notification system 
        has been notified of an excavation;
            ``(9) the extent to which personnel engaged in marking 
        underground facilities may be endangered;
            ``(10) the characteristics of damage prevention programs 
        the Secretary believes could be relevant to the effectiveness 
        of State one-call notification programs; and
            ``(11) the effectiveness of penalties and enforcement 
        activities under State one-call notification programs in 
        obtaining compliance with program requirements.
    ``(c) Report.--Within 1 year after the date of the enactment of the 
Intermodal Transportation Safety Act of 1998, the Secretary shall 
publish a report identifying those practices of one-call notification 
systems that are the most and least successful in--
            ``(1) preventing damage to underground facilities; and
            ``(2) providing effective and efficient service to 
        excavators and underground facility operators.
The Secretary shall encourage States and operators of one-call 
notification programs to adopt and implement the most successful 
practices identified in the report.
    ``(d)  Secretarial Discretion.--Prior to undertaking the study 
described in subsection (a), the Secretary shall determine whether 
timely information described in subsection (b) is readily available. If 
the Secretary determines that such information is readily available, 
the Secretary is not required to carry out the study.
``Sec. 6106. Grants to States
    ``(a) In General.--The Secretary may make a grant of financial 
assistance to a State that qualifies under section 6104(b) to assist in 
improving--
            ``(1) the overall quality and effectiveness of one-call 
        notification systems in the State;
            ``(2) communications systems linking one-call notification 
        systems;
            ``(3) location capabilities, including training personnel 
        and developing and using location technology;
            ``(4) record retention and recording capabilities for one-
        call notification systems;
            ``(5) public information and education;
            ``(6) participation in one-call notification systems; or
            ``(7) compliance and enforcement under the State one-call 
        notification program.
    ``(b) State Action Taken Into Account.--In making grants under this 
section the Secretary shall take into consideration the commitment of 
each State to improving its State one-call notification program, 
including legislative and regulatory actions taken by the State after 
the date of enactment of the Intermodal Transportation Safety Act of 
1998.
    ``(c) Funding for One-Call Notification Systems.--A State may 
provide funds received under this section directly to any one-call 
notification system in such State that substantially adopts the best 
practices identified under section 6105.
``Sec. 6107. Authorization of appropriations
    ``(a) For Grants to States.--There are authorized to be 
appropriated to the Secretary in fiscal year 1999 no more than 
$1,000,000 and in fiscal year 2000 no more than $5,000,000, to be 
available until expended, to provide grants to States under section 
6106.
    ``(b) For Administration.--There are authorized to be appropriated 
to the Secretary such sums as may be necessary during fiscal years 
1998, 1999, and 2000 to carry out sections 6103, 6104, and 6105.
    ``(c) General Revenue Funding.--Any sums appropriated under this 
section shall be derived from general revenues and may not be derived 
from amounts collected under section 60301 of this title.''.
    (b) Conforming Amendments.--
            (1) The table of chapters for subtitle III is amended by 
        adding at the end thereof the following:

``61. One-Call Notification Program.........................    6101''.
            (2) Chapter 601 is amended--
                    (A) by striking ``sections 60114 and'' in section 
                60105(a) of that chapter and inserting ``section'';
                    (B) by striking section 60114 and the item relating 
                to that section in the table of sections for that 
                chapter;
                    (C) by striking ``60114(c), 60118(a),'' in section 
                60122(a)(1) of that chapter and inserting 
                ``60118(a),'';
                    (D) by striking ``60114(c) or'' in section 60123(a) 
                of that chapter;
                    (E) by striking ``sections 60107 and 60114(b)'' in 
                subsections (a) and (b) of section 60125 and inserting 
                ``section 60107'' in each such subsection; and
                    (F) by striking subsection (d) of section 60125, 
                and redesignating subsections (e) and (f) of that 
                section as subsections (d) and (e), respectively.

                    Subtitle D--Motor Carrier Safety

SEC. 3401. STATEMENT OF PURPOSES.

    Chapter 311 is amended--
            (1) by inserting before section 31101 the following:
``Sec. 31100. Purpose
    ``The purposes of this subchapter are--
            ``(1) to improve commercial motor vehicle and driver 
        safety;
            ``(2) to facilitate efforts by the Secretary, States, and 
        other political jurisdictions, working in partnership, to focus 
        their resources on strategic safety investments;
            ``(3) to increase administrative flexibility;
            ``(4) to improve enforcement activities;
            ``(5) to invest in activities related to areas of the 
        greatest crash reduction;
            ``(6) to identify high risk carriers and drivers; and
            ``(7) to improve information and analysis systems.''; and
            (2) by inserting before the item relating to section 31101 
        in the chapter analysis for chapter 311 the following:

``31100. Purposes.''.

SEC. 3402. GRANTS TO STATES.

    (a) Performance-Based Grants.--Section 31102 is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a), by inserting ``improving motor 
        carrier safety and'' after ``programs for''; and
            (2) in the first sentence of subsection (b)(1), by striking 
        ``adopt and assume responsibility for enforcing'' and inserting 
        ``assume responsibility for improving motor carrier safety and 
        to adopt and enforce''.
    (b) Hazardous Materials.--Section 31102 is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a), by inserting a comma and ``hazardous 
        materials transportation safety,'' after ``commercial motor 
        vehicle safety''; and
            (2) in the first sentence of subsection (b), by inserting 
        ``, hazardous materials transportation safety,'' after 
        ``commercial motor vehicle safety''.
    (c) Contents of State Plans.--Section 31102(b)(1) is amended--
            (1) by redesignating subparagraphs (A) through (Q) as 
        subparagraphs (B) through (R), respectively;
            (2) by inserting before subparagraph (B), as redesignated, 
        the following:
                    ``(A) implements performance-based activities by 
                fiscal year 2000;''
            (3) by inserting ``(1)'' in subparagraph (K), as 
        redesignated, after ``(c)'';
            (4) by striking subparagraphs (L), (M), and (N) as 
        redesignated, and inserting the following:
                    ``(L) ensures consistent, effective, and reasonable 
                sanctions;
                    ``(M) ensures that the State agency will coordinate 
                the plan, data collection, and information systems with 
                the State highway safety programs under title 23;
                    ``(N) ensures participation in SAFETYNET by all 
                jurisdictions receiving funding;'';
            (5) in subparagraph (P), as redesignated, by striking 
        ``activities--'' and inserting ``activities in support of 
        national priorities and performance goals including--'';
            (6) in clause (i) of subparagraph (P), as redesignated, by 
        striking ``to remove'' and inserting ``activities aimed at 
        removing''; and
            (7) in clause (ii) of subparagraph (P), as redesignated, by 
        striking ``to provide'' and inserting ``activities aimed at 
        providing''.

SEC. 3403. FEDERAL SHARE.

    Section 31103 is amended--
            (1) by inserting before ``The Secretary of Transportation'' 
        the following:
    ``(a) Commercial Motor Vehicle Safety Programs and Enforcement.--
'';
            (2) by inserting ``improve commercial motor vehicle safety 
        and'' in the first sentence before ``enforce''; and
            (3) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(b) Other Activities.--The Secretary may reimburse State 
agencies, local governments, or other persons up to 100 percent for 
those activities identified in 31104(f)(2).''.

SEC. 3404. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

    (a) In General.--Section 31104(a) is amended to read as follows:
    ``(a) In General.--Subject to section 9503(c)(1) of the Internal 
Revenue Code of 1986, there are available from the Highway Trust Fund 
(except the Mass Transit Account) for the Secretary of Transportation 
to incur obligations to carry out section 31102 of this title, not more 
than--
            ``(1) $80,000,000 for the fiscal year ending September 30, 
        1998;
            ``(2) $100,000,000 for the fiscal year ending September 30, 
        1999;
            ``(3) $97,000,000 for the fiscal year ending September 30, 
        2000;
            ``(4) $94,000,000 for the fiscal year ending September 30, 
        2001;
            ``(5) $90,500,000 for the fiscal year ending September 30, 
        2002; and
            ``(6) $90,500,000 for the fiscal year ending September 30, 
        2003.''.
    (b) Availability and Reallocation.--Section 31104(b)(2) is amended 
to read as follows:
            ``(2) Amounts made available under section 4002(e)(1) and 
        (2) of the Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 
        1991 before October 1, 1996, that are not obligated on October 
        1, 1997, are available for obligation under paragraph (1).''.
    (c) Allocation Criteria.--Section 31104(f) is amended to read as 
follows:
    ``(f) Allocation Criteria and Eligibility.--
            ``(1) On October 1 of each fiscal year or as soon after 
        that date as practicable, the Secretary, after making the 
        deduction described in subsection (e) of this section, shall 
        allocate, under criteria the Secretary prescribes through 
        regulation, the amounts available for that fiscal year among 
        the States with plans approved under section 31102 of this 
        title.
            ``(2) The Secretary may designate--
                    ``(A) not less than 5 percent of such amounts for 
                activities and projects of national priority for the 
                improvement of commercial motor vehicle safety; and
                    ``(B) not less than 5 percent of such amounts to 
                reimburse States for border commercial motor vehicle 
                safety programs and enforcement activities and 
                projects.
        The amounts referred to in subparagraph (B) shall be allocated 
        by the Secretary to State agencies and local governments that 
        use trained and qualified officers and employees in 
        coordination with State motor vehicle safety agencies.''.
    (d) Other Amendments.--
            (1) Section 31104 is amended by striking subsection (g) and 
        redesignating subsection (h) as subsection (g).
            (2) Section 31104 is amended by striking subsection (i) and 
        redesignating subsection (j) as subsection (h).

SEC. 3405. INFORMATION SYSTEMS AND STRATEGIC SAFETY INITIATIVES.

    Section 31106 is amended to read as follows:
``Sec. 31106. Information systems and strategic safety initiatives
    ``(a) Information Systems.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary is authorized to establish 
        motor carrier information systems and data analysis programs to 
        support motor carrier regulatory and enforcement activities 
        required under this title. In cooperation with the States, the 
        information systems shall be coordinated into a network 
        providing accurate identification of motor carriers and 
        drivers, registration and licensing tracking, and motor carrier 
        and driver safety performance. The Secretary shall develop and 
        maintain data analysis capacity and programs to provide the 
        means to develop strategies to address safety problems and to 
        use data analysis to measure the effectiveness of these 
        strategies and related programs; to determine the cost 
        effectiveness of Federal and State safety compliance, 
        enforcement programs, and other countermeasures; to evaluate 
        the safety fitness of motor carriers and drivers; to identify 
        and collect necessary data; and to adapt, improve, and 
        incorporate other information and information systems as deemed 
        appropriate by the Secretary.
            ``(2) Performance and registration information systems 
        management.--
                    ``(A) The Secretary shall include, as part of the 
                motor carrier safety information network system of the 
                Department of Transportation, an information system, to 
                be called the Performance and Registration Information 
                Systems Management, to serve as a clearinghouse and 
                repository of information related to State registration 
                and licensing of commercial motor vehicles and the 
                safety system of the commercial motor vehicle 
                registrants or the motor carriers operating the 
                vehicles. The Secretary may include in the system 
                information on the safety fitness of each of the motor 
                carriers and registrants and other information the 
                Secretary considers appropriate, including information 
                on vehicle, driver, and motor carrier safety 
                performance.
                    ``(B) The Secretary shall prescribe technical and 
                operational standards to ensure--
                            ``(i) uniform, timely and accurate 
                        information collection and reporting by the 
                        States necessary to carry out this system;
                            ``(ii) uniform Federal and State procedures 
                        and policies necessary to operate the 
                        Commercial Vehicle Information System; and
                            ``(iii) the availability and reliability of 
                        the information to the States and the Secretary 
                        from the information system.
                    ``(C) The system shall link the Federal motor 
                carrier safety systems with State driver and commercial 
                vehicle registration and licensing systems, and shall 
                be designed--
                            ``(i) to enable a State, when issuing 
                        license plates or throughout the registration 
                        period for a commercial motor vehicle, to 
                        determine, through the use of the information 
                        system, the safety fitness of the registrant or 
                        motor carrier;
                            ``(ii) to allow a State to decide, in 
                        cooperation with the Secretary, the types of 
                        sanctions that may be imposed on the registrant 
                        or motor carrier, or the types of conditions or 
                        limitations that may be imposed on the 
                        operations of the registrant or motor carrier 
                        that will ensure the safety fitness of the 
                        registrant or motor carrier;
                            ``(iii) to monitor the safety fitness of 
                        the registrant or motor carrier during the 
                        registration period; and
                            ``(iv) to require the State, as a condition 
                        of participation in the system, to implement 
                        uniform policies, procedures, and standards, 
                        and to possess or seek authority to impose 
                        commercial motor vehicle registration sanctions 
                        on the basis of a Federal safety fitness 
                        determination.
                    ``(D) Of the amounts available for expenditure 
                under this section, up to 50 percent in each of fiscal 
                years 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, and 2003 may be 
                made available to carry out this paragraph. The 
                Secretary may authorize the operation of the 
                information system by contract, through an agreement 
                with 1 or more States, or by designating, after 
                consultation with the States, a third party that 
                represents the interests of the States. Of the amounts 
                made available to carry out this paragraph, the 
                Secretary is encouraged to direct no less than 80 
                percent to States that have not previously received 
                financial assistance to develop or implement the 
                Performance and Registration Information Systems 
                Management system.
    ``(b) Commercial Motor Vehicle Driver Safety Program.--The 
Secretary is authorized to establish a program focusing on improving 
commercial motor vehicle driver safety. The objectives of the program 
shall include--
            ``(1) enhancing the exchange of driver licensing 
        information among employers, the States, the Federal 
        Government, and foreign countries;
            ``(2) providing information to the judicial system on the 
        commercial motor vehicle driver licensing program; and
            ``(3) evaluating any aspect of driver performance and 
        safety that the Secretary deems appropriate.
    ``(c) Cooperative Agreements, Grants, and Contracts.--The Secretary 
may carry out this section either independently or in cooperation with 
other Federal departments, agencies, and instrumentalities, or by 
making grants to and entering into contracts and cooperative agreements 
with States, localities, associations, institutions, corporations 
(profit or nonprofit) or other persons.''.

SEC. 3406. IMPROVED FLOW OF DRIVER HISTORY PILOT PROGRAM.

    The Secretary of Transportation shall carry out a pilot program in 
cooperation with 1 or more States to improve upon the timely exchange 
of pertinent driver performance and safety records data to motor 
carriers. The program shall--
            (1) determine to what extent driver performance records 
        data, including relevant fines, penalties, and failures to 
        appear for a hearing or trial, should be included as part of 
        any information systems under the Department of 
        Transportation's oversight;
            (2) assess the feasibility, costs, safety impact, pricing 
        impact, and benefits of record exchanges; and
            (3) assess methods for the efficient exchange of driver 
        safety data available from existing State information systems 
        and sources.

SEC. 3407. MOTOR CARRIER AND DRIVER SAFETY RESEARCH.

    Of the funds made available to carry out programs established by 
the amendments made by title II of the Intermodal Surface 
Transportation Efficiency Act of 1998, no less than $10,000,000 shall 
be made available for each of fiscal years 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 
2002, and 2003 for activities designed to advance commercial motor 
vehicle and driver safety. Any obligation, contract, cooperative 
agreement, or support granted under this section in excess of $250,000 
shall be awarded on a competitive basis. The Secretary shall submit 
annually a report to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and 
Transportation of the Senate and the Committee on Transportation and 
Infrastructure of the House of Representatives on the research 
activities carried out under this section, including the amount, 
purpose, recipient and nature of each contract, cooperative agreement 
or award and results of such research activities carried out under this 
section, including benefits to motor carrier safety.''.

SEC. 3408. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

    Section 31107 is amended to read as follows:
``Sec. 31107. Authorization of appropriations for information systems 
              and strategic safety initiatives
    ``(a) In General.--There shall be available from the Highway Trust 
Fund (other than the Mass Transit Account) for the Secretary to incur 
obligations to carry out section 31106--
            ``(1) $10,000,000 for fiscal year 1998;
            ``(2) $9,620,000 for fiscal year 1999;
            ``(3) $9,620,000 for fiscal year 2000;
            ``(4) $9,620,000 for fiscal year 2001;
            ``(5) $9,320,000 for fiscal year 2002; and
            ``(6) $9,320,000 for fiscal year 2003.
    ``(b) Availability.--The amounts made available under this 
subsection shall remain available until expended.''.

SEC. 3409. CONFORMING AMENDMENTS.

    The chapter analysis for chapter 311 is amended--
            (1) by striking the heading for subchapter I and inserting 
        the following:

    ``SUBCHAPTER I--STATE GRANTS AND OTHER COMMERCIAL MOTOR VEHICLE 
                              PROGRAMS'';

        and
            (2) by striking the items relating to sections 31106 and 
        31107 and inserting the following:

``31106. Information systems and strategic safety initiatives.
``31107. Authorization of appropriations for information systems and 
                            strategic safety initiatives.''.

SEC. 3410. AUTOMOBILE TRANSPORTER DEFINED.

    Section 31111(a) is amended--
            (1) by redesignating paragraphs (1) and (2) as paragraphs 
        (2) and (3), respectively; and
            (2) by inserting before paragraph (2), as redesignated, the 
        following:
            ``(1) `automobile transporter' means any vehicle 
        combination designed and used specifically for the transport of 
        assembled highway vehicles, including truck camper units.''.

SEC. 3411. REPEAL OF REVIEW PANEL; REVIEW PROCEDURE.

    (a) Repeal.--Subchapter III of chapter 311 is amended--
            (1) by striking sections 31134 and 31140; and
            (2) by striking the items relating to sections 31134 and 
        31140 in the chapter analysis for that chapter.
    (b) Review Procedure.--
            (1) In general.--Section 31141 is amended--
                    (A) by striking subsection (b) and redesignating 
                subsections (c), (d), (e), (f), (g), and (h) as 
                subsections (b), (c), (d), (e), (f), and (g), 
                respectively;
                    (B) by striking so much of subsection (b), as 
                redesignated, as precedes paragraph (2) and inserting 
                the following:
    ``(b) Review and Decisions by the Secretary.--
            ``(1) The Secretary shall review the laws and regulations 
        on commercial motor vehicle safety in effect in each State, and 
        decide--
                    ``(A) whether the State law or regulation--
                            ``(i) has the same effect as a regulation 
                        prescribed by the Secretary under section 31136 
                        of this title;
                            ``(ii) is less stringent than that 
                        regulation; or
                            ``(iii) is additional to or more stringent 
                        than that regulation; and
                    ``(B) for each State law or regulation which is 
                additional to or more stringent than the regulation 
                prescribed by the Secretary, whether--
                            ``(i) the State law or regulation has no 
                        safety benefit;
                            ``(ii) the State law or regulation is 
                        incompatible with the regulation prescribed by 
                        the Secretary under section 31136 of this 
                        title; or
                            ``(iii) enforcement of the State law or 
                        regulation would cause an unreasonable burden 
                        on interstate commerce.'';
                    (C) by striking paragraph (5) of subsection (b)(5), 
                as redesignated, and inserting the following:
            ``(5) In deciding under paragraph (4) of this subsection 
        whether a State law or regulation will cause an unreasonable 
        burden on interstate commerce, the Secretary may consider the 
        effect on interstate commerce of implementation of all similar 
        laws and regulations of other States.'';
                    (D) by striking subsections (d) and (e), as 
                redesignated, and inserting the following:
    ``(d) Written Notice of Decisions.--The Secretary shall give 
written notice of the decision under subsection (b) of this section to 
the State concerned.''; and
                    (E) by redesignating subsections (f) and (g), as 
                redesignated, as subsections (e) and (f), respectively.
            (2) Conforming changes.--
                    (A) The heading of section 31141 of such title is 
                amended to read as follows:
``Sec. 31141. Preemption of State laws and regulations''.
                    (B) The chapter analysis of chapter 311 of such 
                title is amended by striking the item relating to 
                section 31141 and inserting the following:

``31141. Preemption of State laws and regulations.''.
    (c) Inspection of Vehicles.--
            (1) Section 31142 is amended--
                    (A) in subsection (a), by striking ``part 393 of 
                title 49, Code of Federal Regulations'' and inserting 
                ``regulations issued pursuant to section 31135 of this 
                title''; and
                    (B) by striking subsection (c)(1)(C) and inserting 
                the following:
                    ``(C) prevent a State from participating in the 
                activities of a voluntary group of States enforcing a 
                program for inspection of commercial motor vehicles; 
                or''.
            (2) Subchapter IV of chapter 311 is amended--
                    (A) by striking sections 31161 and 31162; and
                    (B) by striking the items relating to sections 
                31161 and 31162 in the chapter analysis for that 
                chapter.
            (3) Section 31102(b)(1), as amended by section 3402(c)(1), 
        is amended--
                    (A) by striking ``and'' at the end of subparagraph 
                (Q);
                    (B) by striking ``thereunder.'' in subparagraph (R) 
                and inserting ``thereunder; and''; and
                    (C) by adding at the end thereof the following:
                    ``(S) provides that the State will establish a 
                program (i) to ensure the proper and timely correction 
                of commercial motor vehicle safety violations noted 
                during an inspection carried out with funds authorized 
                under section 31104 of this title; and (ii) to ensure 
                that information is exchanged among the States in a 
                timely manner.''.
    (d) Safety Fitness of Owners and Operators.--Section 31144 is 
amended to read as follows:
``Sec. 31144. Safety fitness of owners and operators
    ``(a) Procedure.--The Secretary of Transportation shall maintain in 
regulation a procedure for determining the safety fitness of owners and 
operators of commercial motor vehicles, including persons seeking new 
or additional operating authority as motor carriers under section 13902 
of this title. The procedure shall include--
            ``(1) specific initial and continuing requirements to be 
        met by the owners, operators, and other persons to demonstrate 
        safety fitness;
            ``(2) a means of deciding whether the owners, operators, or 
        other persons meet the safety requirements under paragraph (1); 
        and
            ``(3) specific time deadlines for action by the Secretary 
        in making fitness decisions.
    ``(b) Prohibited Transportation.--Except as provided in sections 
521(b)(5)(A) and 5113, a motor carrier that fails to meet the safety 
fitness requirements established under subsection (a) may not operate 
in interstate commerce beginning on the 61st day after the date of the 
determination by the Secretary that the motor carrier fails to meet the 
safety fitness requirements and until the motor carrier meets the 
safety fitness requirements. The Secretary may, for good cause shown, 
provide a carrier with up to an additional 60 days to meet the safety 
fitness requirements.
    ``(c) Rating Review.--The Secretary shall review the factors that 
resulted in a motor carrier failing to meet the safety fitness 
requirements not later than 45 days after the motor carrier requests a 
review.
    ``(d) Government Use Prohibited.--A department, agency, or 
instrumentality of the United States Government may not use a motor 
carrier that does not meet the safety fitness requirements.
    ``(e) Public Availability; Updating of Fitness Determinations.--The 
Secretary shall amend the motor carrier safety regulations in 
subchapter B of chapter III of title 49, Code of Federal Regulations, 
to establish a system to make readily available to the public, and to 
update periodically, the final safety fitness determinations of motor 
carriers made by the Secretary.
    ``(f) Penalties.--The Secretary shall prescribe regulations setting 
penalties for violations of this section consistent with section 521 of 
this title.''.
    (e) Safety Fitness of Passenger and Hazardous Material Carriers.--
            (1) In general.--Section 5113 is amended--
                    (A) by striking subsection (a) and inserting the 
                following:
    ``(a) Prohibited Transportation.--
            ``(1) A motor carrier that fails to meet the safety fitness 
        requirements established under subsection 31144(a) of this 
        title may not operate a commercial motor vehicle (as defined in 
        section 31132 of this title)--
                    ``(A) to transport hazardous material for which 
                placarding of a motor vehicle is required under 
                regulations prescribed under this chapter; or
                    ``(B) to transport more than 15 individuals.
            ``(2) The prohibition in paragraph (1) of this subsection 
        applies beginning on the 46th day after the date on which the 
        Secretary determines that a motor carrier fails to meet the 
        safety fitness requirements and applies until the motor carrier 
        meets the safety fitness requirements.'';
                    (B) by striking ``Rating''  in the heading of 
                subsection (b) and inserting ``Fitness'';
                    (C) by striking ``receiving an unsatisfactory 
                rating'' in subsection (b) and inserting ``failing to 
                meet the safety fitness requirements'';
                    (D) by striking ``has an unsatisfactory rating from 
                the Secretary'' in subsection (c) and inserting 
                ``failed to meet the safety fitness requirements''; and
                    (E) by striking ``Ratings''  in the heading of 
                subsection (d) and inserting ``Fitness 
                Determinations'';
                    (F) by striking ``, in consultation with the 
                Interstate Commerce Commission,'' in subsection (d); 
                and
                    (G) by striking ``ratings of motor carriers that 
                have unsatisfactory ratings from'' in subsection (d) 
                and inserting ``fitness determinations of motor 
                carriers made by''.
            (2) Conforming amendments.--
                    (A) The heading of section 5113 of such chapter is 
                amended to read as follows:
``Sec. 5113. Safety fitness of passenger and hazardous material 
              carriers''.
                    (B) The chapter analysis for chapter 51 is amended 
                by striking the item relating to section 5113 and 
                inserting the following:

``5113. Safety fitness of passenger and hazardous material carriers.''.
    (f) Definitions.--
            (1) Section 31101(1) is amended--
                    (A) in subparagraph (A)--
                            (i) by inserting ``or gross vehicle weight, 
                        whichever is greater,'' after ``rating''; and
                            (ii) by striking ``10,000'' and inserting 
                        ``10,001'';
                    (B) in subparagraph (B), by striking ``driver; or'' 
                and inserting ``driver, or a smaller number of 
                passengers including the driver as determined under 
                regulations implementing sections 31132(1)(B) or 
                31301(4)(B)'';
                    (C) in subparagraph (C), by inserting ``and 
                transported in a quantity requiring placarding under 
                regulations prescribed by the Secretary under section 
                5103'' after ``title''.
            (2) Section 31132 is amended--
                    (A) in paragraph (1)(A), by inserting ``or gross 
                vehicle weight, whichever is greater,'' after 
                ``rating''; and
                    (B) by adding at the end of paragraph (3) the 
                following:
        ``For purposes of this paragraph, the term `business affecting 
        interstate commerce' means a business predominantly engaged in 
        employing commercial motor vehicles in interstate commerce and 
        includes all operations of the business in intrastate commerce 
        which use vehicles otherwise defined as commercial motor 
        vehicles under paragraph (1) of this section.''.
    (g) Employee Protections.--Not later than 2 years after the date of 
enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Transportation, in conjunction 
with the Secretary of Labor, shall report to the Committee on Commerce, 
Science, and Transportation of the Senate and the Committee on 
Transportation and Infrastructure of the House of Representatives on 
the effectiveness of existing statutory employee protections provided 
for under section 31105 of title 49, United States Code. The report 
shall include recommendations to address any statutory changes as may 
be necessary to strengthen the enforcement of such employee protection 
provisions.
    (h) Inspections and Reports.--
            (1) General powers of the secretary.--Section 31133(a)(1) 
        is amended by inserting ``and make contracts for'' after 
        ``conduct''.
            (2) Reports and records.--Section 504(c) is amended by 
        inserting ``(and, in the case of a motor carrier, a 
        contractor)'' before the second comma.

SEC. 3412. COMMERCIAL MOTOR VEHICLE OPERATORS.

    (a) Repeal of Obsolete Grant Programs.--Chapter 313 is amended--
            (1) by striking sections 31312 and 31313; and
            (2) by striking the items relating to sections 31312 and 
        31313 in the chapter analysis for that chapter.
    (b) Commercial Driver's License Requirement.--
            (1) In general.--Section 31302 is amended to read as 
        follows:
``Sec. 31302. Commercial driver's license requirement
    ``No individual shall operate a commercial motor vehicle without a 
commercial driver's license issued according to section 31308 of this 
title.''.
            (2) Conforming amendments.--
                    (A) The chapter analysis for that chapter is 
                amended by striking the item relating to section 31302 
                and inserting the following:

``31302. Commercial driver's license requirement.''.
                    (B) Section 31305(a) is amended by redesignating 
                paragraphs (2) through (8) as paragraphs (3) through 
                (9), respectively, and by inserting after paragraph (1) 
                the following:
            ``(2) may establish performance-based testing and licensing 
        standards that more accurately measure and reflect an 
        individual's knowledge and skills as an operator;''.
    (c) Commercial Driver's License Information System.--Section 31309 
is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a), by striking ``make an agreement 
        under subsection (b) of this section for the operation of, or 
        establish under subsection (c) of this section,'' and inserting 
        ``maintain'';
            (2) by striking subsections (b) and (c) and redesignating 
        subsections (d), (e), and (f) as subsections (b), (c), and (d), 
        respectively;
            (3) by striking ``Not later than December 31, 1990, the'' 
        in paragraph (2) of subsection (b), as redesignated, and 
        inserting ``The''; and
            (4) in subsection (c), as redesignated--
                    (A) by inserting after the heading the following: 
                ``Information about a driver in the information system 
                may be made available under the following 
                circumstances:''; and
                    (B) by starting a new paragraph with ``(1) On 
                request'' and indenting the paragraph 2 ems from the 
                lefthand margin.
    (d) Requirements for State Participation.--Section 31311(a) is 
amended--
            (1) by striking ``31310(b)-(e)'' in paragraph (15) and 
        inserting ``31310 (b)-(e), and (g)(1)(A) and (2)'';
            (2) by striking paragraph (17); and
            (3) by redesignating paragraph (18) as paragraph (17).
    (e) Withholding Amounts for State Noncompliance.--Section 31314 is 
amended--
            (1) in subsection (a), by striking ``, (2), (5), and (6)'' 
        and inserting ``(3), and (5)'';
            (2) in subsections (a) and (b), by striking ``1992'' each 
        place it appears and inserting ``1995'';
            (3) in subsection (c), by striking paragraph (1);
            (4) in subsection (c)(2), by striking ``(2)'';
            (5) by striking subsection (d); and
            (6) by redesignating subsection (e) as subsection (d).
    (f) Commercial Motor Vehicle Defined.--Section 31301 is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (4)(A), by inserting ``or gross vehicle 
        weight, whichever is greater,'' after ``rating'' each place it 
        appears; and
            (2) in paragraph (4)(C)(ii), by inserting ``is'' before 
        ``transporting'' each place it appears and before ``not 
        otherwise''.
    (g) Safety Performance History of New Drivers; Limitation on 
Liability.--
            (1) In general.--Chapter 5 is amended by adding at the end 
        the following:
``Sec. 508. Safety performance history of new drivers; limitation on 
              liability
    ``(a) Limitation on Liability.--No action or proceeding for 
defamation, invasion of privacy, or interference with a contract that 
is based on the furnishing or use of safety performance records in 
accordance with regulations issued by the Secretary may be brought 
against--
            ``(1) a motor carrier requesting the safety performance 
        records of an individual under consideration for employment as 
        a commercial motor vehicle driver as required by and in 
        accordance with regulations issued by the Secretary;
            ``(2) a person who has complied with such a request; or
            ``(3) the agents or insurers of a person described in 
        paragraph (1) or (2).
    ``(b) Restrictions.--
            ``(1) Subsection (a) does not apply unless--
                    ``(A) the motor carrier requesting the safety 
                performance records at issue, the person complying with 
                such a request, and their agents have taken all 
                precautions reasonably necessary to ensure the accuracy 
                of the records and have fully complied with the 
                regulations issued by the Secretary in using and 
                furnishing the records, including the requirement that 
                the individual who is the subject of the records be 
                afforded a reasonable opportunity to review and comment 
                on the records;
                    ``(B) the motor carrier requesting the safety 
                performance records, the person complying with such a 
                request, their agents, and their insurers, have taken 
                all precautions reasonably necessary to protect the 
                records from disclosure to any person, except for their 
                insurers, not directly involved in forwarding the 
                records or deciding whether to hire that individual; 
                and
                    ``(C) the motor carrier requesting the safety 
                performance records has used those records only to 
                assess the safety performance of the individual who is 
                the subject of those records in deciding whether to 
                hire that individual.
            ``(2) Subsection (a) does not apply to persons who 
        knowingly furnish false information.
    ``(c) Preemption of State and Local Law.--No State or political 
subdivision thereof may enact, prescribe, issue, continue in effect, or 
enforce any law (including any regulation, standard, or other provision 
having the force and effect of law) that prohibits, penalizes, or 
imposes liability for furnishing or using safety performance records in 
accordance with regulations issued by the Secretary. Notwithstanding 
any provision of law, written authorization shall not be required to 
obtain information on the motor vehicle driving record of an individual 
under consideration for employment with a motor carrier.''.
            (2) Conforming amendment.--The chapter analysis for chapter 
        5 is amended by inserting after the item relating to section 
        507 the following:

``508. Safety performance history of new drivers; limitation on 
                            liability.''.

SEC. 3413. PENALTIES.

    (a) Notification of Violations and Enforcement Procedures.--Section 
521(b)(1) is amended--
            (1) by inserting: ``with the exception of reporting and 
        recordkeeping violations,'' in the first sentence of 
        subparagraph (A) after ``under any of those provisions,'';
            (2) by striking ``fix a reasonable time for abatement of 
        the violation,'' in the third sentence of subparagraph (A);
            (3) by striking ``(A)'' in subparagraph (A); and
            (4) by striking subparagraph (B).
    (b) Civil Penalties.--Section 521(b)(2) is amended--
            (1) by striking subparagraph (A) and inserting the 
        following:
                    ``(A) In general.--Except as otherwise provided in 
                this subsection, any person who is determined by the 
                Secretary, after notice and opportunity for a hearing, 
                to have committed an act that is a violation of 
                regulations issued by the Secretary under subchapter 
                III of chapter 311 (except sections 31137 and 31138) or 
                section 31502 of this title shall be liable to the 
                United States for a civil penalty in an amount not to 
                exceed $10,000 for each offense. Notwithstanding any 
                other provision of this section (except subparagraph 
                (C)), no civil penalty shall be assessed under this 
                section against an employee for a violation in an 
                amount exceeding $2,500.'';
            (2) by redesignating subparagraphs (B) and (C) as 
        subparagraphs (C) and (D), respectively; and
            (3) by inserting after subparagraph (A) the following:
                    ``(B) Recordkeeping and reporting violations.--
                            ``(i) A person required to make a report to 
                        the Secretary, answer a question, or make, 
                        prepare, or preserve a record under section 504 
                        of this title or under any regulation issued by 
                        the Secretary pursuant to subchapter III of 
                        chapter 311 (except sections 31137 and 31138) 
                        or section 31502 of this title about 
                        transportation by motor carrier, motor carrier 
                        of migrant workers, or motor private carrier, 
                        or an officer, agent, or employee of that 
                        person, who--
                                    ``(I) does not make that report;
                                    ``(II) does not specifically, 
                                completely, and truthfully answer that 
                                question in 30 days from the date the 
                                Secretary requires the question to be 
                                answered; or
                                    ``(III) does not make, prepare, or 
                                preserve that record in the form and 
                                manner prescribed by the Secretary,
                        shall be liable to the United States for a 
                        civil penalty in an amount not to exceed $500 
                        for each offense, and each day of the violation 
                        shall constitute a separate offense, except 
                        that the total of all civil penalties assessed 
                        against any violator for all offenses related 
                        to any single violation shall not exceed 
                        $5,000.
                            ``(ii) Any such person, or an officer, 
                        agent, or employee of that person, who--
                                    ``(I) knowingly falsifies, 
                                destroys, mutilates, or changes a 
                                required report or record;
                                    ``(II) knowingly files a false 
                                report with the Secretary;
                                    ``(III) knowingly makes or causes 
                                or permits to be made a false or 
                                incomplete entry in that record about 
                                an operation or business fact or 
                                transaction; or
                                    ``(IV) knowingly makes, prepares, 
                                or preserves a record in violation of a 
                                regulation or order of the Secretary,
                        shall be liable to the United States for a 
                        civil penalty in an amount not to exceed $5,000 
                        for each violation, provided that any such 
                        action can be shown to have misrepresented a 
                        fact that constitutes a violation other than a 
                        reporting or recordkeeping violation.''.

SEC. 3414. INTERNATIONAL REGISTRATION PLAN AND INTERNATIONAL FUEL TAX 
              AGREEMENT.

    Chapter 317 is amended--
            (1) by striking sections 31702, 31703, and 31708; and
            (2) by striking the items relating to sections 31702, 
        31703, and 31708 in the chapter analysis for that chapter.

SEC. 3415. STUDY OF ADEQUACY OF PARKING FACILITIES.

    The Secretary shall conduct studies to determine the location and 
quantity of parking facilities at commercial truck stops and travel 
plazas and public rest areas that could be used by motor carriers to 
comply with Federal hours-of-service rules. Each study shall include an 
inventory of current facilities serving corridors of the National 
Highway System, analyze where specific shortages exist or are projected 
to exist, and propose a specific plan to reduce the shortages. The 
studies may be carried out in cooperation with research entities 
representing the motor carrier and travel plaza industry. The studies 
shall be completed not later than 36 months after the date of enactment 
of this Act.

SEC. 3416. APPLICATION OF REGULATIONS.

    (a) Application of Regulations to Certain Commercial Motor 
Vehicles.--Section 31135 as redesignated, is amended by adding at the 
end the following:
    ``(g) Application to Certain Vehicles.--Effective 12 months after 
the date of enactment of the Intermodal Transportation Safety Act of 
1998, regulations prescribed under this section shall apply to 
operators of commercial motor vehicles described in section 31132(1)(B) 
to the extent that those regulations did not apply to those operators 
before the day that is 12 months after such date of enactment, except 
to the extent that the Secretary determines, through a rulemaking 
proceeding, that it is appropriate to exempt such operations of 
commercial motor vehicles from the application of those regulations.''.
    (b) Definition.--Section 31301(4)(B) is amended to read as follows:
                    ``(B) is designed or used to transport--
                            ``(i) passengers for compensation, but does 
                        not include a vehicle providing taxicab service 
                        and having a capacity of not more than 6 
                        passengers and not operated on a regular route 
                        or between specified places; or
                            ``(ii) more than 15 passengers, including 
                        the driver, and not used to transport 
                        passengers for compensation; or''.
    (c) Application of Regulations to Certain Operators.--
            (1) Chapter 313 is amended by adding at the end the 
        following:
``Sec. 31318. Application of regulations to certain operators
    ``Effective 12 months after the date of enactment of the Intermodal 
Transportation Safety Act of 1998, regulations prescribed under this 
chapter shall apply to operators of commercial motor vehicles described 
in section 31301(4)(B) to the extent that those regulations did not 
apply to those operators before the day that is 1 year after such date 
of enactment, except to the extent that the Secretary determines, after 
notice and opportunity for public comment, that it is appropriate to 
exempt such operators of commercial motor vehicles from the application 
of those regulations.''.
            (2) The analysis for chapter 313 is amended by adding at 
        the end the following:

``31318. Application of regulations to certain operators.''.
    (d) Deadline for Certain Definitional Regulations.--The Secretary 
shall issue regulations implementing the definition of commercial motor 
vehicles under section 31132(1)(B) and section 31301(4)(B) of title 49, 
United States Code, as amended by this Act within 12 months after the 
date of enactment of this Act.

SEC. 3417. AUTHORITY OVER CHARTER BUS TRANSPORTATION.

    Section 14501(a) is amended--
            (1) by striking ``route or relating'' and inserting 
        ``route;''; and
            (2) by striking ``required.'' and inserting ``required; or 
        to the authority to provide intrastate or interstate charter 
        bus transportation.''.

SEC. 3418. FEDERAL MOTOR CARRIER SAFETY INVESTIGATIONS.

    The Department of Transportation shall maintain the level of 
Federal motor carrier safety investigators for international border 
commercial vehicle inspections as in effect on September 30, 1997, or 
provide for alternative resources and mechanisms to ensure an 
equivalent level of commercial motor vehicle safety inspections. Such 
funds as are necessary to carry out this section shall be made 
available within the limitation on general operating expenses of the 
Department of Transportation.

SEC. 3419. FOREIGN MOTOR CARRIER SAFETY FITNESS.

    (a) In General.--No later than 90 days after enactment of this Act, 
the Secretary of Transportation shall make a determination regarding 
the willingness and ability of any foreign motor carrier, the 
application for which has not been processed due to the moratorium on 
the granting of authority to foreign carriers to operate in the United 
States, to meet the safety fitness and other regulatory requirements 
under this title.
    (b) Report.--Not later than 120 days after the date of enactment 
this Act, the Secretary of Transportation shall submit a report to the 
Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate and 
the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of the House of 
Representatives on the application of section 13902(c)(9) of title 49, 
United States Code. The report shall include--
            (1) any findings made by the Secretary under subsection 
        (a);
            (2) information on which carriers have applied to the 
        Department of Transportation under that section; and
            (3) a description of the process utilized to respond to 
        such applications and to certify the safety fitness of those 
        carriers.

SEC. 3420. COMMERCIAL MOTOR VEHICLE SAFETY ADVISORY COMMITTEE.

    (a) Establishment.--The Secretary of Transportation may establish a 
Commercial Motor Vehicle Safety Advisory Committee to provide advice 
and recommendations on a range of regulatory issues. The members of the 
advisory committee shall be appointed by the Secretary from among 
individuals affected by rulemakings under consideration by the 
Department of Transportation.
    (b) Function.--The Advisory Committee established under subsection 
(a) shall provide advice to the Secretary on commercial motor vehicle 
safety regulations and safety review procedures and findings, and may 
assist the Secretary in timely completion of ongoing rulemakings by 
utilizing negotiated rulemaking procedures.

SEC. 3421. WAIVERS; EXEMPTIONS; PILOT PROGRAMS.

    (a) Waivers, Exemptions, and Pilot Programs for Chapters 311 and 
315.--Section 31136(e) is amended--
            (1) by redesignating paragraphs (2) and (3) as paragraphs 
        (5) and (6), respectively; and
            (2) by striking the subsection heading and paragraph (1) 
        and inserting the following:
    ``(e) Waivers, Exemptions, and Pilot Programs.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall, by regulation 
        promulgated after notice and an opportunity for public comment 
        and within 180 days after the date of enactment of the 
        Intermodal Transportation Safety Act of 1998, establish 
        procedures by which waivers, exemptions, and pilot programs 
        under this section may be initiated. The regulation shall 
        provide--
                    ``(A) a process for the issuance of waivers or 
                exemptions from any part of a regulation prescribed 
                under this subchapter or chapter 315; and
                    ``(B) procedures for the conduct of pilot projects 
                or demonstration programs to support the 
                appropriateness of regulations, enforcement policies, 
                waivers, or exemptions under this section.
            ``(2) Waivers.--The Secretary may grant a waiver that 
        relieves a person from compliance in whole or in part with a 
        regulation issued under this subchapter or chapter 315 if the 
        Secretary determines that it is in the public interest to grant 
        the waiver and that the waiver is likely to achieve a level of 
        safety that is equivalent to, or greater than, the level of 
        safety that would be obtained in the absence of the waiver--
                    ``(A) for a period not in excess of 3 months;
                    ``(B) limited in scope and circumstances;
                    ``(C) for nonemergency and unique events; and
                    ``(D) subject to such conditions as the Secretary 
                may impose.
            ``(3) Exemptions.--The Secretary may grant an exemption in 
        whole or in part from a regulation issued under this subchapter 
        or chapter 315 to a class of persons, vehicles, or 
        circumstances if the Secretary determines, after notice and 
        opportunity for public comment, that it is in the public 
        interest to grant the exemption and that the exemption is 
        likely to achieve a level of safety that is equivalent to, or 
        greater than, the level of safety that would be obtained in the 
        absence of the exemption. An exemption granted under this 
        paragraph shall be in effect for a period of not more than 2 
        years, but may be renewed by the Secretary after notice and 
        opportunity for public comment if the Secretary determines, 
        based on the safety impact and results of the first 2 years of 
        an exemption, that the extension is in the public interest and 
        that the extension of the exemption is likely to achieve a 
        level of safety that is equivalent to, or greater than, the 
        level of safety that would be obtained in the absence of the 
        extension.
            ``(4) Pilot programs.--
                    ``(A) In general.--In carrying out this section, 
                the Secretary is authorized to carry out pilot programs 
                to examine innovative approaches or alternatives to 
                regulations issued under this chapter or chapter 315.
                    ``(B) Requirement for approval.--In carrying out a 
                pilot project under this paragraph, the Secretary shall 
                require, as a condition of approval of the project, 
                that the safety measures in the project are designed to 
                achieve a level of safety that is equivalent to, or 
                greater than, the level of safety that would otherwise 
                be achieved through compliance with the standards 
                prescribed under this subchapter or chapter 315.
                    ``(C) Exemptions.--A pilot project under this 
                paragraph--
                            ``(i) may exempt a motor carrier under the 
                        project from any requirement (or portion 
                        thereof) imposed under this subchapter or 
                        chapter 315; and
                            ``(ii) shall preempt any State or local 
                        regulation that conflicts with the pilot 
                        project during the time the pilot project is in 
                        effect.
                    ``(D) Revocation of exemption.--The Secretary shall 
                revoke an exemption granted under subparagraph (C) if--
                            ``(i) the motor carrier to which it applies 
                        fails to comply with the terms and conditions 
                        of the exemption; or
                            ``(ii) the Secretary determines that the 
                        exemption has resulted in a lower level of 
                        safety than was maintained before the exemption 
                        was granted.''.
    (b) Waivers, Exemptions, and Pilot Programs for Chapter 313.--
Section 31315 is amended--
            (1) by inserting ``(a) In General.--'' before ``After 
        notice''; and
            (2) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(b) Waivers, Exemptions, and Pilot Programs.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall, by regulation 
        promulgated after notice and an opportunity for public comment 
        and within 180 days after the date of enactment of the 
        Intermodal Transportation Safety Act of 1998, establish 
        procedures by which waivers, exemptions, and pilot programs 
        under this section may be initiated. The regulation shall 
        provide--
                    ``(A) a process for the issuance of waivers or 
                exemptions from any part of a regulation prescribed 
                under this chapter; and
                    ``(B) procedures for the conduct of pilot projects 
                or demonstration programs to support the 
                appropriateness of regulations, enforcement policies, 
                or exemptions under this section.
            ``(2) Waivers.--The Secretary may grant a waiver that 
        relieves a person from compliance in whole or in part with a 
        regulation issued under this chapter if the Secretary 
        determines that it is in the public interest to grant the 
        waiver and that the waiver is likely to achieve a level of 
        safety that is equivalent to, or greater than, the level of 
        safety that would be obtained in the absence of the waiver--
                    ``(A) for a period not in excess of 3 months;
                    ``(B) limited in scope and circumstances;
                    ``(C) for nonemergency and unique events; and
                    ``(D) subject to such conditions as the Secretary 
                may impose.
            ``(3) Exemptions.--The Secretary may grant an exemption in 
        whole or in part from a regulation issued under this chapter to 
        a class of persons, vehicles, or circumstances if the Secretary 
        determines, after notice and opportunity for public comment, 
        that it is in the public interest to grant the exemption and 
        that the exemption is likely to achieve a level of safety that 
        is equivalent to, or greater than, the level of safety that 
        would be obtained in the absence of the exemption. An exemption 
        granted under this paragraph shall be in effect for a period of 
        not more than 2 years, but may be renewed by the Secretary 
        after notice and opportunity for public comment if the 
        Secretary determines, based on the safety impact and results of 
        the first 2 years of an exemption, that the extension is in the 
        public interest and that the extension of the exemption is 
        likely to achieve a level of safety that is equivalent to, or 
        greater than, the level of safety that would be obtained in the 
        absence of the extension.
            ``(4) Pilot programs.--
                    ``(A) In general.--In carrying out this section, 
                the Secretary is authorized to carry out pilot programs 
                to examine innovative approaches or alternatives to 
                regulations issued under this chapter.
                    ``(B) Requirement for approval.--In carrying out a 
                pilot project under this paragraph, the Secretary shall 
                require, as a condition of approval of the project, 
                that the safety measures in the project are designed to 
                achieve a level of safety that is equivalent to, or 
                greater than, the level of safety that would otherwise 
                be achieved through compliance with the standards 
                prescribed under this chapter.
                    ``(C) Exemptions.--A pilot project under this 
                paragraph--
                            ``(i) may exempt a motor carrier under the 
                        project from any requirement (or portion 
                        thereof) imposed under this chapter; and
                            ``(ii) shall preempt any State or local 
                        regulation that conflicts with the pilot 
                        project during the time the pilot project is in 
                        effect.
                    ``(D) Revocation of exemption.--The Secretary shall 
                revoke an exemption granted under subparagraph (C) if--
                            ``(i) the motor carrier to which it applies 
                        fails to comply with the terms and conditions 
                        of the exemption; or
                            ``(ii) the Secretary determines that the 
                        exemption has resulted in a lower level of 
                        safety than was maintained before the exemption 
                        was granted.''.

SEC. 3422. COMMERCIAL MOTOR VEHICLE SAFETY STUDIES.

    (a) In General.--The Secretary shall conduct a study of the impact 
on safety and infrastructure of tandem axle commercial motor vehicle 
operations in States that permit the operation of such vehicles in 
excess of the weight limits established by section 127 of title 23, 
United States Code.
    (b) Cooperative Agreements With States.--The Secretary shall enter 
into cooperative agreements with States described in subsection (a) 
under which the States participate in the collection of weight-in-
motion data necessary to achieve the purpose of the study. If the 
Secretary determines that additional weight-in-motion sites, on or off 
the Dwight D. Eisenhower System of Interstate and Defense Highways, are 
necessary to carry out the study, and requests assistance from the 
States in choosing appropriate locations, the States shall identify the 
industries or transportation companies operating within their borders 
that regularly utilize the 35,000-pound tandem axle.
    (c) Report.--Not later than 2 years after the date of enactment of 
this Act, the Secretary shall transmit to Congress a report on the 
results of the study, together with any related legislative or 
administrative recommendations. Until the Secretary transmits the 
report to Congress, the Secretary may not withhold funds under section 
104 of title 23, United States Code, from any State for violation of 
the grandfathered tandem axle weight limits under section 127 of that 
title.

SEC. 3423. INCREASED MCSAP PARTICIPATION IMPACT STUDY.

    (a) In General.--If a State that did not receive its full 
allocation of funding under the Motor Carrier Safety Assistance Program 
during fiscal years 1996 and 1997 agrees to enter into a cooperative 
agreement with the Secretary to evaluate the safety impact, costs, and 
benefits of allowing such State to continue to participate fully in the 
Motor Carrier Safety Assistance Program, then the Secretary of 
Transportation shall allocate to that State the full amount of funds to 
which it would otherwise be entitled for fiscal years 1998, 1999, 2000, 
2001, 2002, and 2003. The Secretary may not add conditions to the 
cooperative agreement other than those directly relating to the 
accurate and timely collection of inspection and crash data sufficient 
to ascertain the safety and effectiveness of such State's program.
    (b) Requirements.--
            (1) Report.--The State shall submit to the Secretary each 
        year the results of such safety evaluations.
            (2) Termination by secretary.--If the Secretary finds such 
        an agreement not in the public interest based on the results of 
        such evaluations after 2 years of full participation, the 
        Secretary may terminate the agreement entered into under this 
        section.
    (c) Prohibition of Adoption of Lesser Standards.--No State may 
enact or implement motor carrier safety regulations that are determined 
by the Secretary to be less strict than those in effect as of September 
30, 1997.

SEC. 3424. EXEMPTION FROM CERTAIN REGULATIONS FOR UTILITY SERVICE 
              COMMERCIAL MOTOR VEHICLE DRIVERS.

    (a) In General.--Section 31502 is amended by adding at the end the 
following new subsection:
    ``(e) Exception.--
            ``(1) In general.--Notwithstanding any other provision of 
        law, regulations promulgated under this section or section 
        31136 regarding--
                    ``(A) maximum driving and on-duty times applicable 
                to operators of commercial motor vehicles;
                    ``(B) physical testing, reporting, or 
                recordkeeping; and
                    ``(C) the installation of automatic recording 
                devices associated with establishing the maximum 
                driving and on-duty times referred to in subparagraph 
                (A),
        shall not apply to any driver of a utility service vehicle 
        during an emergency period of not more than 30 days declared by 
        an elected State or local government official under paragraph 
        (2) in the area covered by the declaration.
            ``(2) Declaration of Emergency.--The regulations described 
        in subparagraphs (A), (B), and (C) of paragraph (1) do not 
        apply to the driver of a utility service vehicle operated--
                    ``(A) in the area covered by an emergency 
                declaration under this paragraph; and
                    ``(B) for a period of not more than 30 days 
                designated in that declaration,
        issued by an elected State or local government official (or 
        jointly by elected officials of more than one State or local 
        government), after notice to the Regional Director of the 
        Federal Highway Administration with jurisdiction over the area 
        covered by the declaration.
            ``(3) Incident report.--Within 30 days after the end of the 
        declared emergency period the official who issued the emergency 
        declaration shall file with the Regional Director a report of 
        each safety-related incident or accident that occurred during 
        the emergency period involving--
                    ``(A) a utility service vehicle driver to which the 
                declaration applied; or
                    ``(B) a utility service vehicle to the driver of 
                which the declaration applied.
            ``(4) Definitions.--For purposes of this subsection--
                    ``(A) Driver of a utility service vehicle.--The 
                term `driver of a utility service vehicle' means any 
                driver who is considered to be a driver of a utility 
                service vehicle for purposes of section 345(a)(4) of 
                the National Highway System Designation Act of 1995 (49 
                U.S.C. 31136 note).
                    ``(B) Utility service vehicle.--The term `utility 
                service vehicle' has the meaning given that term in 
                section 345(e)(6) of the National Highway System 
                Designation Act of 1995 (49 U.S.C. 31136 note).''.
    (b) Continued Application of Safety and Maintenance Requirements.--
            (1) In general.--The amendment made by subsection (a) may 
        not be construed--
                    (A) to exempt any utility service vehicle from 
                compliance with any applicable provision of law 
                relating to vehicle mechanical safety, maintenance 
                requirements, or inspections; or
                    (B) to exempt any driver of a utility service 
                vehicle from any applicable provision of law (including 
                any regulation) established for the issuance, 
                maintenance, or periodic renewal of a commercial 
                driver's license for that driver.
            (2) Definitions.--For purposes of this subsection--
                    (A) Commercial driver's license.--The term 
                ``commercial driver's license'' has the meaning given 
                that term in section 31301(3) of title 49, United 
                States Code.
                    (B) Driver of a utility service vehicle.--The term 
                ``driver of a utility service vehicle'' has the meaning 
                given that term in section 31502(e)(2)(A) of title 49, 
                United States Code, as added by subsection (a).
                    (C) Regulation.--The term ``regulation'' has the 
                meaning given that term in section 31132(6) of title 
                49, United States Code.
                    (D) Utility service vehicle.--The term ``utility 
                service vehicle'' has the meaning given that term in 
                section 345(e)(6) of the National Highway System 
                Designation Act of 1995 (49 U.S.C. 31136 note).

SEC. 3425. SCHOOL TRANSPORTATION SAFETY.

    (a) Study.--Not later than 3 months after the date of enactment of 
this Act, the Secretary shall offer to enter into an agreement with the 
Transportation Research Board of the National Academy of Sciences to 
conduct, subject to the availability of appropriations, a study of the 
safety issues attendant to the transportation of school children to and 
from school and school-related activities by various transportation 
modes.
    (b) Terms of Agreement.--The agreement under subsection (a) shall 
provide that--
            (1) the Transportation Research Board, in conducting the 
        study, shall consider--
                    (A) in consultation with the National 
                Transportation Safety Board, the Bureau of 
                Transportation Statistics, and other relevant entities, 
                available crash injury data;
                    (B) vehicle design and driver training 
                requirements, routing, and operational factors that 
                affect safety; and
                    (C) other factors that the Secretary considers to 
                be appropriate;
            (2) if the data referred to in paragraph (1)(A) is 
        unavailable or insufficient, the Transportation Research Board 
        shall recommend a new data collection regimen and 
        implementation guidelines; and
            (3) a panel shall conduct the study and shall include--
                    (A) representatives of--
                            (i) highway safety organizations;
                            (ii) school transportation; and
                            (iii) mass transportation operators;
                    (B) academic and policy analysts; and
                    (C) other interested parties.
    (c) Report.--Not later than 12 months after the Secretary enters 
into an agreement under subsection (a), the Secretary shall transmit to 
the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate 
and the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of the House of 
Representatives a report that contains the results of the study.
    (d) Authorization.--There are authorized to be appropriated to the 
Department of Transportation to carry out this section--
            (1) $200,000 for fiscal year 1999; and
            (2) $200,000 for fiscal year 2000.

    Subtitle E--Rail and Mass Transportation Anti-Terrorism; Safety

SEC. 3501. PURPOSE.

    The purpose of this subtitle is to protect the passengers and 
employees of railroad carriers and mass transportation systems and the 
movement of freight by railroad from terrorist attacks.

SEC. 3502. AMENDMENTS TO THE ``WRECKING TRAINS'' STATUTE.

    (a) Section 1992 of title 18, United States Code, is amended to 
read as follows:
``Sec. 1992. Terrorist attacks against railroads
    ``(a) General Prohibitions.--Whoever willfully--
            ``(1) wrecks, derails, sets fire to, or disables any train, 
        locomotive, motor unit, or freight or passenger car used, 
        operated, or employed by a railroad carrier;
            ``(2) brings, carries, possesses, places or causes to be 
        placed any destructive substance, or destructive device in, 
        upon, or near any train, locomotive, motor unit, or freight or 
        passenger car used, operated, or employed by a railroad 
        carrier, without previously obtaining the permission of the 
        carrier, and with intent to endanger the safety of any 
        passenger or employee of the carrier, or with a reckless 
        disregard for the safety of human life;
            ``(3) sets fire to, or places any destructive substance, or 
        destructive device in, upon or near, or undermines any tunnel, 
        bridge, viaduct, trestle, track, signal, station, depot, 
        warehouse, terminal, or any other way, structure, property, or 
        appurtenance used in the operation of, or in support of the 
        operation of, a railroad carrier, or otherwise makes any such 
        tunnel, bridge, viaduct, trestle, track, station, depot, 
        warehouse, terminal, or any other way, structure, property, or 
        appurtenance unworkable or unusable or hazardous to work or 
        use, knowing or having reason to know such activity would 
        likely derail, disable, or wreck a train, locomotive, motor 
        unit, or freight or passenger car used, operated, or employed 
        by a railroad carrier;
            ``(4) removes appurtenances from, damages, or otherwise 
        impairs the operation of any railroad signal system, including 
        a train control system, centralized dispatching system, or 
        highway-railroad grade crossing warning signal on a railroad 
        line used, operated, or employed by a railroad carrier;
            ``(5) interferes with, disables, or incapacitates any 
        locomotive engineer, conductor, or other person while they are 
        operating or maintaining a train, locomotive, motor unit, or 
        freight or passenger car used, operated, or employed by a 
        railroad carrier, with intent to endanger the safety of any 
        passenger or employee of the carrier, or with a reckless 
        disregard for the safety of human life;
            ``(6) commits an act intended to cause death or serious 
        bodily injury to an employee or passenger of a railroad carrier 
        while on the property of the carrier;
            ``(7) causes the release of a hazardous material being 
        transported by a rail freight car, with the intent to endanger 
        the safety of any person, or with a reckless disregard for the 
        safety of human life;
            ``(8) conveys or causes to be conveyed false information, 
        knowing the information to be false, concerning an attempt or 
        alleged attempt being made or to be made, to do any act that 
        would be a crime prohibited by this subsection; or
            ``(9) attempts, threatens, or conspires to do any of the 
        aforesaid acts,
shall be fined under this title or imprisoned not more than 20 years, 
or both, if such act is committed, or in the case of a threat or 
conspiracy such act would be committed, within the United States on, 
against, or affecting a railroad carrier engaged in or affecting 
interstate or foreign commerce, or if in the course of committing such 
acts, that person travels or communicates across a State line in order 
to commit such acts, or transports materials across a State line in aid 
of the commission of such acts; except that whoever is convicted of any 
crime prohibited by this subsection shall be--
                    ``(A) imprisoned for not less than 30 years or for 
                life if the railroad train involved carried high-level 
                radioactive waste or spent nuclear fuel at the time of 
                the offense;
                    ``(B) imprisoned for life if the railroad train 
                involved was carrying passengers at the time of the 
                offense; and
                    ``(C) imprisoned for life or sentenced to death if 
                the offense has resulted in the death of any person.
    ``(b) Prohibitions on the Use of Firearms and Dangerous Weapons.--
            ``(1) Except as provided in paragraph (4), whoever 
        knowingly possesses or causes to be present any firearm or 
        other dangerous weapon on board a passenger train of a railroad 
        carrier, or attempts to do so, shall be fined under this title 
        or imprisoned not more than 1 year, or both, if such act is 
        committed on a railroad carrier that is engaged in or affecting 
        interstate or foreign commerce, or if in the course of 
        committing such act, that person travels or communicates across 
        a State line in order to commit such act, or transports 
        materials across a State line in aid of the commission of such 
        act.
            ``(2) Whoever, with intent that a firearm or other 
        dangerous weapon be used in the commission of a crime, 
        knowingly possesses or causes to be present such firearm or 
        dangerous weapon on board a passenger train or in a passenger 
        terminal facility of a railroad carrier, or attempts to do so, 
        shall be fined under this title or imprisoned not more than 5 
        years, or both, if such act is committed on a railroad carrier 
        that is engaged in or affecting interstate or foreign commerce, 
        or if in the course of committing such act, that person travels 
        or communicates across a State line in order to commit such 
        act, or transports materials across a State line in aid of the 
        commission of such act.
            ``(3) A person who kills or attempts to kill a person in 
        the course of a violation of paragraphs (1) or (2), or in the 
        course of an attack on a passenger train or a passenger 
        terminal facility of a railroad carrier involving the use of a 
        firearm or other dangerous weapon, shall be punished as 
        provided in sections 1111, 1112, and 1113.
            ``(4) Paragraph (1) shall not apply to--
                    ``(A) the possession of a firearm or other 
                dangerous weapon by an officer, agent, or employee of 
                the United States, a State, or a political subdivision 
                thereof, while engaged in the lawful performance of 
                official duties, who is authorized by law to engage in 
                the transportation of people accused or convicted of 
                crimes, or supervise the prevention, detection, 
                investigation, or prosecution of any violation of law;
                    ``(B) the possession of a firearm or other 
                dangerous weapon by an officer, agent, or employee of 
                the United States, a State, or a political subdivision 
                thereof, while off duty, if such possession is 
                authorized by law;
                    ``(C) the possession of a firearm or other 
                dangerous weapon by a Federal official or a member of 
                the Armed Forces if such possession is authorized by 
                law;
                    ``(D) the possession of a firearm or other 
                dangerous weapon by a railroad police officer employed 
                by a rail carrier and certified or commissioned as a 
                police officer under the laws of a State, whether on or 
                off duty; or
                    ``(E) an individual transporting a firearm on board 
                a railroad passenger train (except a loaded firearm) in 
                baggage not accessible to any passenger on board the 
                train, if the railroad carrier was informed of the 
                presence of the weapon prior to the firearm being 
                placed on board the train.
    ``(c) Prohibition Against Propelling Objects.--Whoever willfully or 
recklessly throws, shoots, or propels a rock, stone, brick, or piece of 
iron, steel, or other metal or any deadly or dangerous object or 
destructive substance at any locomotive or car of a train, knowing or 
having reason to know such activity would likely cause personal injury, 
shall be fined under this title or imprisoned for not more than 5 
years, or both, if such act is committed on or against a railroad 
carrier engaged in or affecting interstate or foreign commerce, or if 
in the course of committing such act, that person travels or 
communicates across a State line in order to commit such act, or 
transports materials across a State line in aid of the commission of 
such act. Whoever is convicted of any crime prohibited by this 
subsection shall also be subject to imprisonment for not more than 20 
years if the offense has resulted in the death of any person.
    ``(d) Definitions.--In this section--
            ``(1) `dangerous device' has the meaning given that term in 
        section 921(a)(4) of this title;
            ``(2) `dangerous weapon'' has the meaning given that term 
        in section 930 of this title;
            ``(3) `destructive substance'' has the meaning given that 
        term in section 31 of this title, except that (A) the term 
        `radioactive device' does not include any radioactive device or 
        material used solely for medical, industrial, research, or 
        other peaceful purposes, and (B) `destructive substance' 
        includes any radioactive device or material that can be used to 
        cause a harm listed in subsection (a) and that is not in use 
        solely for medical, industrial, research, or other peaceful 
        purposes;
            ``(4) `firearm' has the meaning given that term in section 
        921 of this title;
            ``(5) `hazardous material' has the meaning given that term 
        in section 5102(2) of title 49, United States Code;
            ``(6) `high-level radioactive waste' has the meaning given 
        that term in section 10101(12) of title 42, United States Code;
            ``(7) `railroad' has the meaning given that term in section 
        20102(1) of title 49, United States Code;
            ``(8) `railroad carrier' has the meaning given that term in 
        section 20102(2) of title 49, United States Code;
            ``(9) `serious bodily injury' has the meaning given that 
        term in section 1365 of this title;
            ``(10) `spent nuclear fuel' has the meaning given that term 
        in section 10101(23) of title 42, United States Code; and
            ``(11) `State' has the meaning given that term in section 
        2266 of this title.''.
    (b) In the analysis of chapter 97 of title 18, United States Code, 
item ``1992'' is amended to read as follows:

``1992. Terrorist attacks against railroads.''.

SEC. 3503. TERRORIST ATTACKS AGAINST MASS TRANSPORTATION.

    (a) Chapter 97 of title 18, United States Code, is amended by 
adding at the end thereof the following new section:
``Sec. 1994. Terrorist attacks against mass transportation
    ``(a) General Prohibitions.--Whoever willfully--
            ``(1) wrecks, derails, sets fire to, or disables a mass 
        transportation vehicle or vessel;
            ``(2) places or causes to be placed any destructive 
        substance in, upon, or near a mass transportation vehicle or 
        vessel, without previously obtaining the permission of the mass 
        transportation provider, and with intent to endanger the safety 
        of any passenger or employee of the mass transportation 
        provider, or with a reckless disregard for the safety of human 
        life;
            ``(3) sets fire to, or places any destructive substance in, 
        upon, or near any garage, terminal, structure, supply, or 
        facility used in the operation of, or in support of the 
        operation of, a mass transportation vehicle, knowing or having 
        reason to know such activity would likely derail, disable, or 
        wreck a mass transportation vehicle used, operated, or employed 
        by a mass transportation provider;
            ``(4) removes appurtenances from, damages, or otherwise 
        impairs the operation of a mass transportation signal system, 
        including a train control system, centralized dispatching 
        system, or rail grade crossing warning signal;
            ``(5) interferes with, disables, or incapacitates any 
        driver or person while that driver or person is employed in 
        operating or maintaining a mass transportation vehicle or 
        vessel, with intent to endanger the safety of any passenger or 
        employee of the mass transportation provider, or with a 
        reckless disregard for the safety of human life;
            ``(6) commits an act intended to cause death or serious 
        bodily injury to an employee or passenger of a mass 
        transportation provider on the property of a mass 
        transportation provider;
            ``(7) conveys or causes to be conveyed false information, 
        knowing the information to be false, concerning an attempt or 
        alleged attempt being made or to be made, to do any act which 
        would be a crime prohibited by this subsection; or
            ``(8) attempts, threatens, or conspires to do any of the 
        aforesaid acts, shall be fined under this title or imprisoned 
        not more than 20 years, or both, if such act is committed, or 
        in the case of a threat or conspiracy such act would be 
        committed, within the United States on, against, or affecting a 
        mass transportation provider engaged in or affecting interstate 
        or foreign commerce, or if in the course of committing such 
        act, that person travels or communicates across a State line in 
        order to commit such act, or transports materials across a 
        State line in aid of the commission of such act. Whoever is 
        convicted of a crime prohibited by this section shall also be 
        subject to imprisonment for life if the mass transportation 
        vehicle or vessel was carrying a passenger at the time of the 
        offense, and imprisonment for life or sentenced to death if the 
        offense has resulted in the death of any person.
    ``(b) Prohibitions on the Use of Firearms and Dangerous Weapons.--
            ``(1) Except as provided in paragraph (4), whoever 
        knowingly possesses or causes to be present any firearm or 
        other dangerous weapon on board a mass transportation vehicle 
        or vessel, or attempts to do so, shall be fined under this 
        title or imprisoned not more than 1 year, or both, if such act 
        is committed on a mass transportation provider engaged in or 
        affecting interstate or foreign commerce, or if in the course 
        of committing such act, that person travels or communicates 
        across a State line in order to commit such act, or transports 
        materials across a State line in aid of the commission of such 
        act.
            ``(2) Whoever, with intent that a firearm or other 
        dangerous weapon be used in the commission of a crime, 
        knowingly possesses or causes to be present such firearm or 
        dangerous weapon on board a mass transportation vehicle or 
        vessel, or in a mass transportation passenger terminal 
        facility, or attempts to do so, shall be fined under this 
        title, or imprisoned not more than 5 years, or both, if such 
        act is committed on a mass transportation provider engaged in 
        or affecting interstate or foreign commerce, or if in the 
        course of committing such act, that person travels or 
        communicates across a State line in order to commit such act, 
        or transports materials across a State line in aid of the 
        commission of such act.
            ``(3) A person who kills or attempts to kill a person in 
        the course of a violation of paragraphs (1) or (2), or in the 
        course of an attack on a mass transportation vehicle or vessel, 
        or a mass transportation passenger terminal facility involving 
        the use of a firearm or other dangerous weapon, shall be 
        punished as provided in sections 1111, 1112, and 1113 of this 
        title.
            ``(4) Paragraph (1) shall not apply to--
                    ``(A) the possession of a firearm or other 
                dangerous weapon by an officer, agent, or employee of 
                the United States, a State, or a political subdivision 
                thereof, while engaged in the lawful performance of 
                official duties, who is authorized by law to engage in 
                the transportation of people accused or convicted of 
                crimes, or supervise the prevention, detection, 
                investigation, or prosecution of any violation of law;
                    ``(B) the possession of a firearm or other 
                dangerous weapon by an officer, agent, or employee of 
                the United States, a State, or a political subdivision 
                thereof, while off duty, if such possession is 
                authorized by law;
                    ``(C) the possession of a firearm or other 
                dangerous weapon by a Federal official or a member of 
                the Armed Forces if such possession is authorized by 
                law;
                    ``(D) the possession of a firearm or other 
                dangerous weapon by a railroad police officer employed 
                by a rail carrier and certified or commissioned as a 
                police officer under the laws of a State, whether on or 
                off duty; or
                    ``(E) an individual transporting a firearm on board 
                a mass transportation vehicle or vessel (except a 
                loaded firearm) in baggage not accessible to any 
                passenger on board the vehicle or vessel, if the mass 
                transportation provider was informed of the presence of 
                the weapon prior to the firearm being placed on board 
                the vehicle or vessel.
    ``(c) Prohibition Against Propelling Objects.--Whoever willfully or 
recklessly throws, shoots, or propels a rock, stone, brick, or piece of 
iron, steel, or other metal or any deadly or dangerous object or 
destructive substance at any mass transportation vehicle or vessel, 
knowing or having reason to know such activity would likely cause 
personal injury, shall be fined under this title or imprisoned for not 
more than 5 years, or both, if such act is committed on or against a 
mass transportation provider engaged in or substantially affecting 
interstate or foreign commerce, or if in the course of committing such 
acts, that person travels or communicates across a State line in order 
to commit such acts, or transports materials across a State line in aid 
of the commission of such acts. Whoever is convicted of any crime 
prohibited by this subsection shall also be subject to imprisonment for 
not more than 20 years if the offense has resulted in the death of any 
person.
    ``(d) Definitions.--In this section--
            ``(1) `dangerous device' has the meaning given that term in 
        section 921(a)(4) of this title;
            ``(2) `dangerous weapon' has the meaning given that term in 
        section 930 of this title;
            ``(3) `destructive substance' has the meaning given that 
        term in section 31 of this title, except that (A) the term 
        `radioactive device' does not include any radioactive device or 
        material used solely for medical, industrial, research, or 
        other peaceful purposes, and (B) `destructive substance' 
        includes any radioactive device or material that can be used to 
        cause a harm listed in subsection (a) and that is not in use 
        solely for medical, industrial, research, or other peaceful 
        purposes;
            ``(4) `firearm' has the meaning given that term in section 
        921 of this title;
            ``(5) `mass transportation' has the meaning given that term 
        in section 5302(a)(7) of title 49, United States Code, except 
        that the term shall include schoolbus, charter, and sightseeing 
        transportation;
            ``(6) `serious bodily injury' has the meaning given that 
        term in section 1365 of this title; and
            ``(7) `State' has the meaning given that term in section 
        2266 of this title.''.
    (b) The analysis of chapter 97 of title 18, United States Code, is 
amended by adding at the end thereof:

``1994. Terrorist attacks against mass transportation.''.

SEC. 3504. INVESTIGATIVE JURISDICTION.

    The Federal Bureau of Investigation shall lead the investigation of 
all offenses under sections 1192 and 1994 of title 18, United States 
Code. The Federal Bureau of Investigation shall cooperate with the 
National Transportation Safety Board and with the Department of 
Transportation in safety investigations by these agencies, and with the 
Treasury Department's Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms 
concerning an investigation regarding the possession of firearms and 
explosives.

SEC. 3505. SAFETY CONSIDERATIONS IN GRANTS OR LOANS TO COMMUTER 
              RAILROADS.

    Section 5329 is amended by adding at the end the following:
    ``(c) Commuter Railroad Safety Considerations.--In making a grant 
or loan under this chapter that concerns a railroad subject to the 
Secretary's railroad safety jurisdiction under section 20102 of this 
title, the Federal Transit Administrator shall consult with the Federal 
Railroad Administrator concerning relevant safety issues. The Secretary 
may use appropriate authority under this chapter, including the 
authority to prescribe particular terms or covenants under section 5334 
of this title, to address any safety issues identified in the project 
supported by the loan or grant.''.

SEC. 3506. RAILROAD ACCIDENT AND INCIDENT REPORTING.

    Section 20901(a) is amended to read as follows:
    ``(a) General Requirements.--On a periodic basis, not more 
frequently than monthly, as specified by the Secretary of 
Transportation, a railroad carrier shall file a report with the 
Secretary on all accidents and incidents resulting in injury or death 
to an individual, or damage to equipment or a roadbed arising from the 
carrier's operations during that period. The report shall state the 
nature, cause, and circumstances of each reported accident or incident. 
If a railroad carrier assigns human error as a cause, the report shall 
include, at the option of each employee whose error is alleged, a 
statement by the employee explaining any factors the employee alleges 
contributed to the accident or incident.''.

SEC. 3507. MASS TRANSPORTATION BUSES.

    Section 1023(h)(1) of the Intermodal Surface Transportation 
Efficiency Act of 1991, as amended (23 U.S.C. 127 note), is amended by 
striking ``the date on which'' and all that follows through ``1995'' 
and inserting ``January 1, 2003''.

              Subtitle F--Sportfishing and Boating Safety

SEC. 3601. AMENDMENT OF 1950 ACT.

    Whenever in this Act an amendment or repeal is expressed in terms 
of an amendment to, or repeal of, a section or other provision of the 
1950 Act, the reference shall be considered to be made to a section or 
other provision of the Act entitled ``An Act to provide that the United 
States shall aid the States in fish restoration and management 
projects, and for other purposes,'' approved August 9, 1950 (16 U.S.C. 
777 et seq.).

SEC. 3602. OUTREACH AND COMMUNICATIONS PROGRAMS.

    (a) Definitions.--Section 2 of the 1950 Act (16 U.S.C. 777a) is 
amended--
            (1) by indenting the left margin of so much of the text as 
        precedes ``(a)'' by 2 ems;
            (2) by inserting ``For purposes of this Act--'' after the 
        section heading;
            (3) by striking ``For the purpose of this Act the'' in the 
        first paragraph and inserting ``(1) the'';
            (4) by indenting the left margin of so much of the text as 
        follows ``include--'' by 4 ems;
            (5) by striking ``(a)'', ``(b)'', ``(c)'', and ``(d)'' and 
        inserting ``(A)'', ``(B)'', ``(C)'', and ``(D)'', respectively;
            (6) by striking ``department.'' and inserting 
        ``department;''; and
            (7) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(2) the term `outreach and communications program' means 
        a program to improve communications with anglers, boaters, and 
        the general public regarding angling and boating opportunities, 
        to reduce barriers to participation in these activities, to 
        advance adoption of sound fishing and boating practices, to 
        promote conservation and the responsible use of the Nation's 
        aquatic resources, and to further safety in fishing and 
        boating; and
            ``(3) the term `aquatic resource education program' means a 
        program designed to enhance the public's understanding of 
        aquatic resources and sportfishing, and to promote the 
        development of responsible attitudes and ethics toward the 
        aquatic environment.''.
    (b) Funding for Outreach and Communications Program.--Section 4 of 
the 1950 Act (16 U.S.C. 777c) is amended--
            (1) by redesignating subsections (c), (d), and (e) as 
        subsections (d), (e), and (f), respectively;
            (2) by inserting after subsection (b) the following:
    ``(c) National Outreach and Communications Program.--Of the balance 
of each such annual appropriation remaining after making the 
distribution under subsections (a) and (b), respectively, an amount 
equal to--
            ``(1) $5,000,000 for fiscal year 1999;
            ``(2) $6,000,000 for fiscal year 2000;
            ``(3) $7,000,000 for fiscal year 2001;
            ``(4) $8,000,000 for fiscal year 2002; and
            ``(5) $10,000,000 for fiscal year 2003;
shall be used for the National Outreach and Communications Program 
under section 8(d). Such amounts shall remain available for 3 fiscal 
years, after which any portion thereof that is unobligated by the 
Secretary of the Interior for that program may be expended by the 
Secretary under subsection (e).'';
            (3) in subsection (d), as redesignated, by inserting ``, 
        for an outreach and communications program'' after ``Act'';
            (4) in subsection (d), as redesignated, by striking 
        ``subsections (a) and (b),'' and inserting ``subsections (a), 
        (b), and (c),'';
            (5) by adding at the end of subsection (d), as 
        redesignated, the following: ``Of the sum available to the 
        Secretary of the Interior under this subsection for any fiscal 
        year, up to $2,500,000 may be used for the National Outreach 
        and Communications Program under section 8(d) in addition to 
        the amount available for that program under subsection (c). No 
        funds available to the Secretary under this subsection may be 
        used to replace funding traditionally provided through general 
        appropriations, nor for any purposes except those purposes 
        authorized by this Act. The Secretary shall publish a detailed 
        accounting of the projects, programs, and activities funded 
        under this subsection annually in the Federal Register.''; and
            (6) in subsection (e), as redesignated, by striking 
        ``subsections (a), (b), and (c),'' and inserting ``subsections 
        (a), (b), (c), and (d),''.
    (c) Increase in State Allocation.--Section 8 of the 1950 Act (16 
U.S.C. 777g) is amended--
            (1) by striking ``12 1/2 percentum'' each place it appears 
        in subsection (b) and inserting ``15 percent'';
            (2) by striking ``10 percentum'' in subsection (c) and 
        inserting ``15 percent'';
            (3) by inserting ``and communications'' in subsection (c) 
        after ``outreach''; and
            (4) by redesignating subsection (d) as subsection (f); and 
        by inserting after subsection (c) the following:
    ``(d) National Outreach and Communications Program.--
            ``(1) Implementation.--Within 1 year after the date of 
        enactment of the Intermodal Transportation Safety Act of 1998, 
        the Secretary of the Interior shall develop and implement, in 
        cooperation and consultation with the Sport Fishing and Boating 
        Partnership Council, a national plan for outreach and 
        communications.
            ``(2) Content.--The plan shall provide--
                    ``(A) guidance, including guidance on the 
                development of an administrative process and funding 
                priorities, for outreach and communications programs; 
                and
                    ``(B) for the establishment of a national program.
            ``(3) Secretary may match or fund programs.--Under the 
        plan, the Secretary may obligate amounts available under 
        subsection (c) or (d) of section 4 of this Act--
                    ``(A) to make grants to any State or private entity 
                to pay all or any portion of the cost of carrying out 
                any outreach or communications program under the plan; 
                or
                    ``(B) to fund contracts with States or private 
                entities to carry out such a program.
            ``(4) Review.--The plan shall be reviewed periodically, but 
        not less frequently than once every 3 years.
    ``(e) State Outreach and Communications Program.--Within 12 months 
after the completion of the national plan under subsection (d)(1), a 
State shall develop a plan for an outreach and communications program 
and submit it to the Secretary. In developing the plan, a State shall--
            ``(1) review the national plan developed under subsection 
        (d);
            ``(2) consult with anglers, boaters, the sportfishing and 
        boating industries, and the general public; and
            ``(3) establish priorities for the State outreach and 
        communications program proposed for implementation.''.

SEC. 3603. CLEAN VESSEL ACT FUNDING.

    Section 4(b) of the 1950 Act (16 U.S.C. 777c(b)) is amended to read 
as follows:
    ``(b) Use of Balance After Distribution.--
            ``(1) Fiscal year  1998.--In fiscal year 1998, an amount 
        equal to $20,000,000 of the balance remaining after the 
        distribution under subsection (a) shall be transferred to the 
        Secretary of Transportation and shall be expended for State 
        recreational boating safety programs under section 13106(a)(1) 
        of title 46, United States Code.
            ``(2) Fiscal years 1999-2003.--For each of fiscal years 
        1999 through 2003, the balance of each annual appropriation 
        remaining after making the distribution under subsection (a), 
        an amount equal to $84,000,000, reduced by 82 percent of the 
        amount appropriated for that fiscal year from the Boat Safety 
        Account of the Aquatic Resources Trust Fund established by 
        section 9504 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 to carry out 
        the purposes of section 13106(a) of title 46, United States 
        Code, shall be used as follows:
                    ``(A) $10,000,000 shall be available for each 
                fiscal year to the Secretary of the Interior for 3 
                years for obligation for qualified projects under 
                section 5604(c) of the Clean Vessel Act of 1992 (33 
                U.S.C. 1322 note);
                    ``(B) $10,000,000 shall be available for each 
                fiscal year to the Secretary of the Interior for 3 
                years for obligation for qualified projects under 
                section 3604(d) of the Intermodal Transportation Safety 
                Act of 1998; and
                    ``(C) the balance shall be transferred for each 
                such fiscal year to the Secretary of Transportation and 
                shall be expended for State recreational boating safety 
                programs under section 13106 of title 46, United States 
                Code.
            ``(3) Transfer of certain funds.--Amounts available under 
        subparagraphs (A) and (B) of paragraphs (1) and (2) that are 
        unobligated by the Secretary of the Interior after 3 years 
        shall be transferred to the Secretary of Transportation and 
        shall be expended for State recreational boating safety 
        programs under section 13106(a) of title 46, United States 
        Code.''.

SEC. 3604. BOATING INFRASTRUCTURE.

    (a) Purpose.--The purpose of this section is to provide funds to 
States for the development and maintenance of public facilities for 
transient nontrailerable recreational vessels.
    (b) Survey.--Section 8 of the 1950 Act (16 U.S.C. 777g), as amended 
by section 3602, is amended by adding at the end thereof the following:
    ``(g) Surveys.--
            ``(1) National framework.--Within 6 months after the date 
        of enactment of the Intermodal Transportation Safety Act of 
        1998, the Secretary, in consultation with the States, shall 
        adopt a national framework for a public boat access needs 
        assessment which may be used by States to conduct surveys to 
        determine the adequacy, number, location, and quality of 
        facilities providing access to recreational waters for all 
        sizes of recreational boats.
            ``(2) State surveys.--Within 18 months after such date of 
        enactment, each State that agrees to conduct a public boat 
        access needs survey following the recommended national 
        framework shall report its findings to the Secretary for use in 
        the development of a comprehensive national assessment of 
        recreational boat access needs and facilities.
            ``(3) Exception.--Paragraph (2) does not apply to a State 
        if, within 18 months after such date of enactment, the 
        Secretary certifies that the State has developed and is 
        implementing a plan that ensures there are and will be public 
        boat access adequate to meet the needs of recreational boaters 
        on its waters.
            ``(4) Funding.--A State that conducts a public boat access 
        needs survey under paragraph (2) may fund the costs of 
        conducting that assessment out of amounts allocated to it as 
        funding dedicated to motorboat access to recreational waters 
        under subsection (b)(1) of this section.''.
    (c) Plan.--Within 6 months after submitting a survey to the 
Secretary under section 8(g) of the Act entitled ``An Act to provide 
that the United States shall aid the States in fish restoration and 
management projects, and for other purposes,'' approved August 9, 1950 
(16 U.S.C. 777g(g)), as added by subsection (b) of this section, a 
State may develop and submit to the Secretary a plan for the 
construction, renovation, and maintenance of public facilities, and 
access to those facilities, for transient nontrailerable recreational 
vessels to meet the needs of nontrailerable recreational vessels 
operating on navigable waters in the State.
    (d) Grant Program.--
            (1) Matching grants.--The Secretary of the Interior shall 
        obligate amounts made available under section 4(b)(2)(B) of the 
        Act entitled ``An Act to provide that the United States shall 
        aid the States in fish restoration and management projects, and 
        for other purposes,'' approved August 9, 1950 (16 U.S.C. 
        777c(b)(2)(B)) to make grants to any State to pay not more than 
        75 percent of the cost to a State of constructing, renovating, 
        or maintaining public facilities for transient nontrailerable 
        recreational vessels.
            (2) Priorities.--In awarding grants under paragraph (1), 
        the Secretary shall give priority to projects that--
                    (A) consist of the construction, renovation, or 
                maintenance of public facilities for transient 
                nontrailerable recreational vessels in accordance with 
                a plan submitted by a State under subsection (c);
                    (B) provide for public/private partnership efforts 
                to develop, maintain, and operate facilities for 
                transient nontrailerable recreational vessels; and
                    (C) propose innovative ways to increase the 
                availability of facilities for transient nontrailerable 
                recreational vessels.
    (e) Definitions.--For purposes of this section, the term--
            (1) ``nontrailerable recreational vessel'' means a 
        recreational vessel 26 feet in length or longer--
                    (A) operated primarily for pleasure; or
                    (B) leased, rented, or chartered to another for the 
                latter's pleasure;
            (2) ``public facilities for transient nontrailerable 
        recreational vessels'' includes mooring buoys, day-docks, 
        navigational aids, seasonal slips, or similar structures 
        located on navigable waters, that are available to the general 
        public and designed for temporary use by nontrailerable 
        recreational vessels; and
            (3) ``State'' means each of the several States of the 
        United States, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of 
        Puerto Rico, Guam, American Samoa, the Virgin Islands, and the 
        Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands.

SEC. 3605. BOAT SAFETY FUNDS.

    (a) Availability of Allocations.--Section 13104(a) of title 46, 
United States Code, is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (1), by striking ``3 years'' and inserting 
        ``2 years''; and
            (2) in paragraph (2), by striking ``3-year'' and inserting 
        ``2-year''.
    (b) Expenditures.--Section 13106 of title 46, United States Code, 
is amended--
            (1) by striking the first sentence of subsection (a)(1) and 
        inserting the following: ``Subject to paragraph (2) and 
        subsection (c), the Secretary shall expend in each fiscal year 
        for State recreational boating safety programs, under contracts 
        with States under this chapter, an amount equal to the sum of 
        (A) the amount appropriated from the Boat Safety Account for 
        that fiscal year and (B) the amount transferred to the 
        Secretary under section 4(b) of the Act of August 9, 1950 (16 
        U.S.C. 777c(b)).''; and
            (2) by striking subsection (c) and inserting the following:
    ``(c) Of the amount transferred for each fiscal year to the 
Secretary of Transportation under section 4(b)(2) of the Act of August 
9, 1950 (16 U.S.C. 777c(b)), $5,000,000 is available to the Secretary 
for payment of expenses of the Coast Guard for personnel and activities 
directly related to coordinating and carrying out the national 
recreational boating safety program under this title. No funds 
available to the Secretary under this subsection may be used to replace 
funding traditionally provided through general appropriations, nor for 
any purposes except those purposes authorized by this section. Amounts 
made available by this subsection shall remain available until 
expended. The Secretary shall publish annually in the Federal Register 
a detailed accounting of the projects, programs, and activities funded 
under this subsection.''.
    (c) Conforming Amendments.--
            (1) The heading for section 13106 of title 46, United 
        States Code, is amended to read as follows:
``Sec. 13106. Authorization of appropriations''.
            (2) The chapter analysis for chapter 131 of title 46, 
        United States Code, is amended by striking the item relating to 
        section 13106 and inserting the following:

``13106. Authorization of appropriations.''.

                       Subtitle G--Miscellaneous

SEC. 3701. LIGHT DENSITY RAIL LINE PILOT PROJECTS.

    (a) In General.--Part B of subtitle V is amended by adding at the 
end the following new chapter:

         ``CHAPTER 223--LIGHT DENSITY RAIL LINE PILOT PROJECTS

``Sec.
``22301. Light density rail line pilot projects.
``Sec. 22301. Light density rail line pilot projects
    ``(a) Grants.--The Secretary of Transportation may make grants to 
States that have State rail plans described in section 22102 (1) and 
(2) to fund pilot projects that demonstrate the relationship of light 
density railroad services to the statutory responsibilities of the 
Secretary, including those under title 23.
    ``(b) Limitations.--Grants under this section may be made only for 
pilot projects for making capital improvements to, and rehabilitating, 
publicly and privately owned rail line structures, and may not be used 
for providing operating assistance.
    ``(c) Private Owner Contributions.--Grants made under this section 
for projects on privately owned rail line structures shall include 
contributions by the owner of the rail line structures, based on the 
benefit to those structures, as determined by the Secretary.
    ``(d) Study.--The Secretary shall conduct a study of the pilot 
projects carried out with grant assistance under this section to 
determine the public interest benefits associated with the light 
density railroad networks in the States and their contribution to a 
multimodal transportation system. Not later than March 31, 2003, the 
Secretary shall report to Congress any recommendations the Secretary 
considers appropriate regarding the eligibility of light density rail 
networks for Federal infrastructure financing.
    ``(e) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be 
appropriated to the Secretary to carry out this section $10,000,000 for 
each of the fiscal years 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, and 2003. Such 
funds shall remain available until expended.''.
    (b) Clerical Amendment.--The table of chapters for subtitle V is 
amended by inserting after the item relating to chapter 221 the 
following new item:

``223. Light Density Rail Line Pilot Projects...............  22301.''.

SEC. 3702. SECTION 1407.

    (a) Strike section 1407 of the bill.
    (b) In the table of sections for the bill, strike the item relating 
to section 1407.

SEC. 3703. DESIGNATION OF NEW MEXICO COMMERCIAL ZONE.

    (a) Commercial Zone Defined.--Notwithstanding the provisions of 
section 13902(c)(4)(A) of title 49, United States Code, in this 
section, for the transportation of property only, the term ``commercial 
zone'' means a zone containing lands adjacent to, and commercially a 
part of, one or more municipalities with respect to which the exception 
described in section 13506(b)(1) of title 49, United States Code, 
applies.
    (b) Designation of Zone.--
            (1) In general.--The area described in paragraph (2) is 
        designated as a commercial zone, to be known as the ``New 
        Mexico Commercial Zone''.
            (2) Description of area.--The area described in this 
        paragraph is the area that is comprised of Dona Ana County and 
        Luna County in New Mexico.
    (c) Savings Provision.--Nothing in this section shall affect any 
action commenced or pending before the Secretary of Transportation or 
Surface Transportation Board before the date of enactment of this Act.

            TITLE IV--OZONE AND PARTICULATE MATTER STANDARDS

SEC. 4101. FINDINGS AND PURPOSE.

    (a) The Congress finds that--
            (1) there is a lack of air quality monitoring data for fine 
        particle levels, measured as PM<INF>2.5</INF>, in the United 
        States and the States should receive full funding for the 
        monitoring efforts;
            (2) such data would provide a basis for designating areas 
        as attainment or nonattainment for any PM<INF>2.5</INF> 
        national ambient air quality standards pursuant to the 
        standards promulgated in July 1997;
            (3) the President of the United States directed the 
        Administrator in a memorandum dated July 16, 1997, to complete 
        the next periodic review of the particulate matter national 
        ambient air quality standards by July 2002 in order to 
        determine ``whether to revise or maintain the standards'';
            (4) the Administrator has stated that 3 years of air 
        quality monitoring data for fine particle levels, measured as 
        PM<INF>2.5</INF> and performed in accordance with any 
        applicable Federal reference methods, is appropriate for 
        designating areas as attainment or nonattainment pursuant to 
        the July 1997 promulgated standards; and
            (5) the Administrator has acknowledged that in drawing 
        boundaries for attainment and nonattainment areas for the July 
        1997 ozone national air quality standards, Governors would 
        benefit from considering implementation guidance from EPA on 
        drawing area boundaries.
    (b) The purposes of this title are--
            (1) to ensure that 3 years of air quality monitoring data 
        regarding fine particle levels are gathered for use in the 
        determination of area attainment or nonattainment designations 
        respecting any PM<INF>2.5</INF> national ambient air quality 
        standards;
            (2) to ensure that the Governors have adequate time to 
        consider implementation guidance from EPA on drawing area 
        boundaries prior to submitting area designations respecting the 
        July 1997 ozone national ambient air quality standards;
            (3) to ensure that implementation of the July 1997 
        revisions of the ambient air quality standards are consistent 
        with the purposes of the President's Implementation Memorandum 
        dated July 16, 1997.

SEC. 4102. PARTICULATE MATTER MONITORING PROGRAM.

    (a) Through grants under section 103 of the Clean Air Act the 
Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency shall use 
appropriated funds no later than fiscal year 2000 to fund 100 percent 
of the cost of the establishment, purchase, operation and maintenance 
of a PM<INF>2.5</INF> monitoring network necessary to implement the 
national ambient air quality standards for PM<INF>2.5</INF> under 
section 109 of the Clean Air Act. This implementation shall not result 
in a diversion or reprogramming of funds from other Federal, State or 
local Clean Air Act activities. Any funds previously diverted or 
reprogrammed from section 105 Clean Air Act grants for PM<INF>2.5</INF> 
monitors must be restored to State or local air programs in fiscal year 
1999.
    (b) EPA and the States shall ensure that the national network 
(designated in subsection (a)) which consists of the PM<INF>2.5</INF> 
monitors necessary to implement the national ambient air quality 
standards is established by December 31, 1999.
    (c) The Governors shall be required to submit designations for each 
area following promulgation of the July 1997 PM<INF>2.5</INF> national 
ambient air quality standard within 1 year after receipt of 3 years of 
air quality monitoring data performed in accordance with any applicable 
Federal reference methods for the relevant areas. Only data from the 
monitoring network designated in subsection (a) and other Federal 
reference method PM<INF>2.5</INF> monitors shall be considered for such 
designations. In reviewing the State Implementation Plans the 
Administrator shall consider all relevant monitoring data regarding 
transport of PM<INF>2.5</INF>.
    (d) The Administrator shall promulgate designations of 
nonattainment areas no later than 1 year after the initial designations 
required under subsection (c) are required to be submitted. 
Notwithstanding the previous sentence, the Administrator shall 
promulgate such designations not later than December 31, 2005.
    (e) The Administrator shall conduct a field study of the ability of 
the PM<INF>2.5</INF> Federal Reference Method to differentiate those 
particles that are larger than 2.5 micrograms in diameter. This study 
shall be completed and provided to Congress no later than 2 years from 
the date of enactment of this legislation.

SEC. 4103. OZONE DESIGNATION REQUIREMENTS.

    (a) The Governors shall be required to submit designations of 
nonattainment areas within 2 years following the promulgation of the 
July 1997 ozone national ambient air quality standards.
    (b) The Administrator shall promulgate final designations no later 
than 1 year after the designations required under subsection (a) are 
required to be submitted.

SEC. 4104. ADDITIONAL PROVISIONS.

    Nothing in sections 4101-4103 shall be construed by the 
Administrator of Environmental Protection Agency or any court, State, 
or person to affect any pending litigation or to be a ratification of 
the ozone or PM<INF>2.5</INF> standards.

                         TITLE V--MASS TRANSIT

SEC. 5001. SHORT TITLE.

    This title may be cited as the ``Federal Transit Act of 1998''.

SEC. 5002. AUTHORIZATIONS.

    (a) In General.--Section 5338 of title 49, United States Code, is 
amended to read as follows:
``Sec. 5338. Authorizations
    ``(a) Sections 5303-5308, 5310, 5311, 5313, 5314, 5317, 5320, 
5320a, 5327, and 5334 (a) and (c).--
            ``(1) Mass transit account amounts.--Not more than the 
        following amounts are available to the Secretary from the 
        Account to carry out sections 5303 through 5308, 5310, 5311, 
        5313, 5314, 5317, 5320, 5320a, 5327, and subsections (a) and 
        (c) of section 5334:
                    ``(A) $2,698,790,000 for fiscal year 1998.
                    ``(B) $2,773,934,000 for fiscal year 1999.
                    ``(C) $2,849,079,000 for fiscal year 2000.
                    ``(D) $2,925,965,000 for fiscal year 2001.
                    ``(E) $3,004,667,000 for fiscal year 2002.
                    ``(F) $3,085,725,000 for fiscal year 2003.
            ``(2) Other amounts.--In addition to amounts made available 
        under paragraph (1), not more than the following amounts may be 
        appropriated to the Secretary to carry out section 5303 through 
        5308, 5310, 5311, 5313, 5314, 5317, 5320, 5320a, 5327, and 
        subsections (a) and (c) of section 5334:
                    ``(A) $738,000,000 for fiscal year 1998.
                    ``(B) $756,000,000 for fiscal year 1999.
                    ``(C) $774,000,000 for fiscal year 2000.
                    ``(D) $793,000,000 for fiscal year 2001.
                    ``(E) $812,000,000 for fiscal year 2002.
                    ``(F) $832,000,000 for fiscal year 2003.
    ``(b) Section 5309.--Not more than the following amounts are 
available to the Secretary from the Account to carry out section 5309:
            ``(1) $2,221,210,000 for fiscal year 1998.
            ``(2) $2,278,770,000 for fiscal year 1999.
            ``(3) $2,340,501,000 for fiscal year 2000.
            ``(4) $2,403,661,000 for fiscal year 2001.
            ``(5) $2,468,315,000 for fiscal year 2002.
            ``(6) $2,534,904,000 for fiscal year 2003.
    ``(c) Section 5315.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall make available in 
        equal amounts from amounts provided under paragraphs (3) and 
        (4) of subsection (g) of this section, not more than $4,000,000 
        for each of fiscal years 1998 through 2003, to carry out 
        section 5315.
            ``(2) Workplace safety.--Not more than $1,000,000 shall be 
        appropriated to the Secretary for each of fiscal years 1998 
        through 2003, to carry out section 5315(a)(15).
    ``(d) Section 5316.--Not more than the following amounts may be 
appropriated to the Secretary from the Fund (other than from the 
Account) for each of fiscal years 1998 through 2003:
            ``(1) $250,000 to carry out section 5316(a).
            ``(2) $3,000,000 to carry out section 5316(b).
            ``(3) $1,000,000 to carry out section 5316(c).
            ``(4) $1,000,000 to carry out section 5316(d).
            ``(5) $1,000,000 to carry out section 5316(e).
    ``(e) Section 5317.--Not more than $6,000,000 is available to the 
Secretary from the Fund (other than from the Account) for each of 
fiscal years 1998 through 2003, to carry out section 5317.
    ``(f) Section 5307.--Amounts remaining available for each fiscal 
year under subsection (a) of this section, after allocation under 
subsections (g), (h), and (i)(2) of this section, are available to 
carry out section 5307.
    ``(g) Planning, Programming, and Research.--In each fiscal year, 
before apportioning amounts made available or appropriated under 
subsection (a) of this section, an amount equal to 3 percent of amounts 
made available or appropriated under subsections (a) and (b), less the 
amounts authorized for purposes of section 5320a, of this section is 
available as follows:
            ``(1) 45 percent for metropolitan planning activities under 
        section 5303(g).
            ``(2) 5 percent to carry out section 5311(b)(2).
            ``(3) 20 percent to carry out State programs under section 
        5313.
            ``(4) 30 percent to carry out the national program under 
        section 5314.
    ``(h) Other Set-Asides.--In each fiscal year, before apportioning 
amounts made available or appropriated under subsection (a) of this 
section, of amounts made available or appropriated under subsections 
(a) and (b), less the amounts authorized for purposes of section 5320a, 
of this section--
            ``(1) not more than 0.96 percent is available for 
        administrative expenses to carry out subsections (a) and (c) 
        through (f) of section 5334;
            ``(2) not more than 1.34 percent is available for 
        transportation services to elderly individuals and individuals 
        with disabilities under the formula under section 5310(a); and
            ``(3) $6,000,000 is available to carry out section 5317 for 
        each of fiscal years 1998 through 2003.
    ``(i) Limitations.--Of amounts made available--
            ``(1) under subsection (a)(2), less the amounts authorized 
        for purposes of section 5320a, of this section--
                    ``(A) 3.5 percent may be used to finance programs 
                and activities, including administrative costs, under 
                section 5310;
                    ``(B) to finance research, development, and 
                demonstration projects under section 5312(a), 1.5 
                percent may be used to increase the information and 
                technology available to provide improved mass 
                transportation service and facilities planned and 
                designed to meet the special needs of elderly 
                individuals and individuals with disabilities; and
                    ``(C) not more than 12.5 percent may be used for 
                grants to any 1 State under section 5312(c)(2);
            ``(2) under subsection (a) of this section, less the 
        amounts authorized for purposes of section 5320a, 5.5 percent 
        of the amount remaining available each year, after allocation 
        under subsections (g) and (h) of this section, is available 
        under the formula under section 5311; and
            ``(3) under section 5309(m)(1)(C), the lesser of $3,000,000 
        or an amount that the Secretary determines is necessary for 
        each fiscal year is available to carry out section 5318 for 
        each of fiscal years 1998 through 2003.
    ``(j) Grants as Contractual Obligations.--
            ``(1) Federal obligations.--A grant or contract approved by 
        the Secretary that is financed with amounts made available 
        under subsection (a)(1), (b), (c), (d), or (e) of this section, 
        is a contractual obligation of the United States Government to 
        pay the Government's share of the cost of the project.
            ``(2) Appropriations limitation.--A grant or contract 
        approved by the Secretary that is financed with amounts made 
        available under subsection (a)(2) of this section, is a 
        contractual obligation of the United States Government to pay 
        the Government's share of the cost of the project, only to the 
        extent that amounts are provided in advance in an 
        appropriations Act.
    ``(k) Early Appropriations and Availability of Amounts.--
            ``(1) Early appropriation.--Amounts appropriated under 
        subsection (a)(2) of this section to carry out section 5311 may 
        be appropriated in the fiscal year before the fiscal year in 
        which the appropriation is available for obligation.
            ``(2) Availability of amounts.--Amounts made available or 
        appropriated under subsections (a), (b), and (g), paragraphs 
        (1) and (2) of subsection (h), and subsection (i)(2) of this 
        section shall remain available until expended.
    ``(l) Section 5308.--In each fiscal year, before apportioning or 
allocating amounts made available or appropriated under subsections (a) 
and (b), of amounts made available or appropriated under subsections 
(a) or (b) of this section, not more than $200,000,000 is available to 
carry out section 5308, with $100,000,000 made available from amounts 
made available from amounts provided under subsection (a)(2) of this 
section and $100,000,000 made available from amounts provided under 
subsection (b) of this section.
    ``(m) Section 5320a.--In each fiscal year, before apportioning 
amounts made available or appropriated under subsection (a), of amounts 
appropriated under subsection (a)(2) of this section, not more than 
$250,000,000 is available to carry out section 5320a.
    ``(n) Transit Equity Program.--
            ``(1) In general.--The purpose of this subsection is to 
        further the national interest by providing proportional 
        increases in funding for national mass transit programs, 
        commensurate with increases in national highway programs, in 
        order to ensure balanced improvement in the national intermodal 
        transportation system.
            ``(2) Funding.--There are authorized to be appropriated to 
        carry out this subsection, from the General Fund of the 
        Treasury of the United States, the following amounts:
                    ``(A) $1,000,000,000 for fiscal year 1999.
                    ``(B) $1,000,000,000 for fiscal year 2000.
                    ``(C) $1,000,000,000 for fiscal year 2001.
                    ``(D) $1,000,000,000 for fiscal year 2002.
                    ``(E) $1,000,000,000 for fiscal year 2003.
            ``(3) Eligible uses.--Amounts made available to carry out 
        this subsection shall be available for capital projects 
        eligible under sections 5307, 5309, 5310, and 5311, including 
        meeting obligations of the United States associated with 
        multiyear funding commitments, full funding grant agreements 
        under section 5309, and innovative financing activities.
            ``(4) Contingent commitment authority.--Notwithstanding 
        subsection (g)(4) of section 5309, the total estimated amount 
        of future obligations of the Government and contingent 
        commitments to incur obligations covered by all outstanding 
        letters of intent and full financing grant agreements may be 
        greater than the amounts authorized under subsection (b) of 
        this section by an amount equal to not more than the amount 
        authorized to be appropriated under paragraph (6) of this 
        subsection as of the end of fiscal year 2003.
            ``(5) Fixed guideway modernization.--In addition to amounts 
        authorized in section 5338(b), the following amounts are 
        authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary, to be added to 
        amounts allocated under section 5309(m)(1)(A) for fixed 
        guideway modernization:
                    ``(A) $100,000,000 for fiscal year 1999.
                    ``(B) $100,000,000 for fiscal year 2000.
                    ``(C) $100,000,000 for fiscal year 2001.
                    ``(D) $100,000,000 for fiscal year 2002.
                    ``(E) $100,000,000 for fiscal year 2003.
            ``(6) Capital projects for fixed guideway systems.--
                    ``(A) In general.--In addition to amounts 
                authorized in under subsection (b) of this section, the 
                following amounts are authorized to be appropriated to 
                the Secretary, to be added to amounts allocated under 
                section 5309(m)(1)(B) for capital projects for new 
                fixed guideway systems and extensions to existing fixed 
                guideway systems:
                            ``(i) $470,000,000 for fiscal year 1999.
                            ``(ii) $470,000,000 for fiscal year 2000.
                            ``(iii) $470,000,000 for fiscal year 2001.
                            ``(iv) $470,000,000 for fiscal year 2002.
                            ``(v) $470,000,000 for fiscal year 2003.
                    ``(B) Ferry boat systems.--Not less than 2.8 
                percent of the amount made available under subparagraph 
                (A) in any fiscal year shall be available for capital 
                projects for existing and new fixed guideway systems 
                that are ferry boats, ferry terminal facilities, that 
                are approaches to ferry terminal facilities in the 
                noncontiguous States.
            ``(7) Buses and related equipment.--In addition to amounts 
        authorized in section 5338(b), the following amounts are 
        authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary, to be added to 
        amounts allocated under section 5309(m)(1)(C) to replace, 
        rehabilitate, and purchase buses and related equipment and to 
        construct bus-related facilities:
                    ``(A) $80,000,000 for fiscal year 1999.
                    ``(B) $80,000,000 for fiscal year 2000.
                    ``(C) $80,000,000 for fiscal year 2001.
                    ``(D) $80,000,000 for fiscal year 2002.
                    ``(E) $80,000,000 for fiscal year 2003.
            ``(8) Urbanized areas; elderly individuals and disabled 
        individuals.--
                    ``(A) In general.--In addition to amounts 
                authorized in section 5338(a) for activities under 
                sections 5307 and 5310, the following amounts are 
                authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary, to be 
                added to amounts made available for activities under 
                section 5307 for urbanized areas and for activities 
                under section 5310 for elderly individuals and 
                individuals with disabilities:
                            ``(i) $250,000,000 for fiscal year 1999.
                            ``(ii) $250,000,000 for fiscal year 2000.
                            ``(iii) $250,000,000 for fiscal year 2001.
                            ``(iv) $250,000,000 for fiscal year 2002.
                            ``(v) $250,000,000 for fiscal year 2003.
                    ``(B) Allocation.--Of the amount appropriated under 
                this paragraph for each fiscal year--
                            ``(i) 97 percent is available for 
                        activities under section 5307; and
                            ``(ii) 3 percent is available for 
                        activities under section 5310.
            ``(9) Other than urbanized areas.--In addition to amounts 
        authorized in section 5338(a) for areas other than urbanized 
        areas, the following amounts are authorized to be appropriated 
        to the Secretary, to be added to amounts made available for 
        assistance for areas other than urbanized areas under section 
        5311:
                    ``(A) $100,000,000 for fiscal year 1999.
                    ``(B) $100,000,000 for fiscal year 2000.
                    ``(C) $100,000,000 for fiscal year 2001.
                    ``(D) $100,000,000 for fiscal year 2002.
                    ``(E) $100,000,000 for fiscal year 2003.
    ``(o) Definitions.--In this section--
            ``(1) the term `Account' means the Mass Transit Account of 
        the Highway Trust Fund;
            ``(2) the term `Fund' means the Highway Trust Fund 
        established under section 9503 of the Internal Revenue Code of 
        1986; and
            ``(3) the term `Secretary' means the Secretary of 
        Transportation.''.
    (b) Work Agreements as Obligations.--
            Section 5309(g)(3)(B) of title 49, United States Code, is 
        amended by adding at the end the following: ``The work 
        agreement shall state that the work agreement is not an 
        obligation of the Government.''.
    (c) Technical and Conforming Amendments.--Chapter 53 of title 49, 
United States Code, is amended--
            (1) in section 5318(d), by striking ``5338(j)(5)'' and 
        inserting ``5338(i)(3)''; and
            (2) in section 5333(b)(1), by striking ``5338(j)(5)'' each 
        place that term appears and inserting ``5338(i)(3)''.

SEC. 5003. CAPITAL PROJECTS AND SMALL AREA FLEXIBILITY.

    (a) In General.--Section 5302 of title 49, United States Code, is 
amended--
            (1) in subsection (a)(1)--
                    (A) in subparagraph (A), by inserting ``intelligent 
                transportation systems,'' after ``rights agreements,'';
                    (B) in subparagraph (C), by striking ``or'' at the 
                end;
                    (C) in subparagraph (D), by striking the period at 
                the end and inserting a semicolon; and
                    (D) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(E) preventive maintenance;
                    ``(F) the leasing of equipment and facilities for 
                use in mass transportation;
                    ``(G) the introduction of new technology, through 
                innovative and improved products, into mass 
                transportation; or
                    ``(H) a mass transportation improvement that 
                enhances economic development or incorporates private 
                investment, including commercial and residential 
                development, pedestrian and bicycle access to a mass 
                transportation facility, and the renovation and 
                improvement of historic transportation facilities, 
                because the improvement--
                            ``(i) enhances the effectiveness of a mass 
                        transportation project and is related 
                        physically or functionally to that mass 
                        transportation project or establishes new or 
                        enhanced coordination between mass 
                        transportation and other transportation;
                            ``(ii) provides a fair share of revenue for 
                        mass transportation that will be used for mass 
                        transportation; and
                            ``(iii) provides nonfixed route paratransit 
                        transportation services in accordance with 
                        section 223 of the Americans with Disabilities 
                        Act of 1990 (42 U.S.C. 12143);''; and
            (2) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(c) Eligible Costs of Projects That Enhance Urban Economic 
Development or Incorporate Private Investment.--Eligible costs for a 
capital project described in subsection (a)(1)(H)--
            ``(1) include property acquisition, demolition of existing 
        structures, site preparation, utilities, building foundations, 
        walkways, open space, safety elements (such as lighting, 
        surveillance, and community police and security services) that 
        protect a transit project eligible under this chapter, and a 
        capital project for, and improving, equipment or a facility for 
        an intermodal transfer facility or transportation mall; and
            ``(2) do not include construction of a commercial revenue-
        producing facility or a part of a public facility not related 
        to mass transportation, except that, if such facilities 
        incorporate community services such as daycare, health care, 
        and public safety, the portion of the facilities related to 
        such community services are eligible costs under this 
        chapter.''.
    (b) Small Area Flexibility.--Section 5307(b)(1) of title 49, United 
States Code, is amended by adding at the end the following: ``The 
Secretary may also make grants under this section to finance the 
operating cost of equipment and facilities for use in mass 
transportation in an urbanized area with a population of less than 
200,000.''.
    (c) Discretionary Grants and Loans.--Section 5309 of title 49, 
United States Code, is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a)(1)--
                    (A) by striking subparagraphs (D) and (E); and
                    (B) by redesignating subparagraphs (F) and (G) as 
                subparagraphs (D) and (E), respectively; and
            (2) in subsection (f)--
                    (A) by striking ``(f)'' and all that follows 
                through ``(1) Each'' and inserting the following:
    ``(f) Required Payments.--Each''; and
                    (B) by striking paragraph (2).

SEC. 5004. METROPOLITAN PLANNING.

    (a) In General.--Section 5303 of title 49, United States Code, is 
amended--
            (1) by striking subsections (a) and (b) and inserting the 
        following:
    ``(a) Development Requirements.--
            ``(1) In general.--To carry out section 5301(a), 
        metropolitan planning organizations designated under subsection 
        (c) of this section, in cooperation with the States and mass 
        transportation operators, shall develop transportation plans 
        and programs for urbanized areas of the State.
            ``(2) Plan contents.--The plans and programs developed 
        under paragraph (1) for each metropolitan area shall provide 
        for the development and integrated management and operation of 
        transportation systems and facilities (including pedestrian 
        walkways and bicycle transportation facilities) that will 
        function as an intermodal transportation system for the 
        metropolitan area and as an integral part of an intermodal 
        transportation system for the State and the United States.
            ``(3) Development process.--The development process for the 
        plans and programs shall provide for consideration of all modes 
        of transportation and shall be continuing, cooperative, and 
        comprehensive to the degree appropriate, based on the 
        complexity of the transportation problems to be addressed.
    ``(b) Scope of Planning Process.--
            ``(1) In general.--The metropolitan transportation planning 
        process for a metropolitan area under this section and sections 
        5304 through 5306 shall provide for consideration of--
                    ``(A) supporting the economic vitality of the 
                metropolitan area, especially by enabling global 
                competitiveness, productivity, and efficiency;
                    ``(B) increasing the safety and security of the 
                transportation system for motorized and nonmotorized 
                users;
                    ``(C) increasing the accessibility and mobility 
                options available to people and for freight;
                    ``(D) protecting and enhancing the environment, 
                promoting energy conservation and improved quality of 
                life, and coordinating land-use and transportation 
                plans and programs;
                    ``(E) enhancing the integration and connectivity of 
                the transportation system, across and between modes, 
                for people and freight;
                    ``(F) promoting efficient system management and 
                operation; and
                    ``(G) emphasizing the preservation of the existing 
                transportation system.
            ``(2) Goals.--In cooperation with the State and mass 
        transportation operators, and with opportunity for public 
        review and comment, the metropolitan planning organization 
        shall establish goals that relate to the factors described in 
        paragraph (1), and propose projects, programs, and strategies 
        to achieve those goals.'';
            (2) in subsection (c)--
                    (A) in paragraph (1), by striking subparagraph (A) 
                and inserting the following:
            ``(A) by agreement between the chief executive officer of 
        the State and units of general purpose local government that 
        together represent not less than 60 percent of the affected 
        population (including the central city, as defined by the 
        Bureau of the Census) and 60 percent of such units of 
        government; or'';
                    (B) in paragraph (2)--
                            (i) by striking ``In a metropolitan area'' 
                        and all that follows through ``shall include'' 
                        and inserting ``Each policy board of a 
                        metropolitan planning organization that serves 
                        an area designated as a transportation 
                        management area when designated or redesignated 
                        under this subsection shall consist of''; and
                            (ii) by striking ``officials of 
                        authorities'' and inserting ``officials of 
                        public agencies'';
                    (C) in paragraph (3), by striking ``in an urbanized 
                area'' and all that follows through ``officer decides'' 
                and inserting ``within an existing metropolitan 
                planning area only if the chief executive officer of 
                the State and the existing metropolitan organization 
                determine''; and
                    (D) in paragraph (5)--
                            (i) in subparagraph (A)--
                                    (I) by striking ``75'' and 
                                inserting ``60''; and
                                    (II) by striking ``as defined by 
                                the Secretary of Commerce)'' and 
                                inserting ``or cities, as defined by 
                                the Bureau of the Census) and 60 
                                percent of such units of government''; 
                                and
                            (ii) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(D) Designations of metropolitan planning organizations, whether 
made under this section or under any other provision of law, shall 
remain in effect until redesignation under this paragraph.'';
            (3) in subsection (d)--
                    (A) by inserting ``(1)'' before ``To carry out this 
                section'';
                    (B) by striking ``Secretary of Commerce'' and 
                inserting ``Bureau of the Census'';
                    (C) by inserting ``in existence as of the date of 
                enactment of the Intermodal Surface Transportation 
                Efficiency Act of 1998'' after ``at least the 
                boundaries of the nonattainment area'';
                    (D) by inserting ``, in the manner described in 
                subsection (c)(5)'' before the period at the end; and
                    (E) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(2) In the case of an urbanized area classified as a 
nonattainment area for ozone or carbon monoxide under the Clean Air Act 
(42 U.S.C. 7401 et seq.) after the date of enactment of the Intermodal 
Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1998--
            ``(A) the boundaries of the metropolitan planning area 
        shall be established by agreement between the appropriate units 
        of general purpose local government (including the central 
        city) and the chief executive officer of the State; and
            ``(B) the area shall include at least the urbanized area 
        and the contiguous area expected to become urbanized within the 
        20-year forecast period, and may include the Metropolitan 
        Statistical Area or Consolidated Metropolitan Statistical Area, 
        as determined by the Bureau of the Census, and any area 
        identified as a nonattainment area for ozone or carbon monoxide 
        under the Clean Air Act (42 U.S.C. 7401 et seq.).'';
            (4) in subsection (e)--
                    (A) in paragraph (2)--
                            (i) by inserting ``or compact'' after 
                        ``agreement'' the first place that term 
                        appears''; and
                            (ii) by striking ``making the agreement 
                        effective'' and inserting ``making the 
                        agreements and compacts effective''; and
                    (B) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(4) To the maximum extent practicable, each metropolitan planning 
organization shall coordinate with governmental agencies and nonprofit 
organizations operating within an existing metropolitan planning area 
that receive assistance from governmental sources (other than the 
Department of Transportation) to provide nonemergency transportation 
services. Such governmental agencies and nonprofit organizations shall 
participate and coordinate with recipients of assistance under this 
chapter in the design and delivery of transportation services. The 
purpose of such coordination is to maximize the efficient use of 
resources and to integrate all such services to ensure accessibility 
and mobility.''; and
            (5) in subsection (f)--
                    (A) in paragraph (1)--
                            (i) in subparagraph (A), by striking 
                        ``United States and regional functions'' and 
                        inserting ``national, regional, and 
                        metropolitan transportation functions'';
                            (ii) in subparagraph (B), by striking 
                        clause (iii) and inserting the following:
                    ``(iii) recommends any additional financing 
                strategies for needed projects and programs;''; and
                            (iii) by striking subparagraph (C) and 
                        inserting the following:
            ``(C) identify transportation strategies necessary--
                    ``(i) to ensure preservation, including 
                requirements for management, operation, modernization, 
                and rehabilitation, of the existing and future 
                transportation system; and
                    ``(ii) to use existing transportation facilities 
                most efficiently to relieve congestion, to efficiently 
                serve the mobility needs of people and goods, and to 
                enhance access within the metropolitan planning area; 
                and'';
                    (B) in paragraph (2), by striking ``as they are 
                related to a 20-year forecast period'' and inserting 
                ``and any State or local goals developed within the 
                cooperative metropolitan planning process as they 
                relate to a 20-year forecast period and to other 
                forecast periods as determined by the participants in 
                the planning process. In developing long-range plans, 
                the metropolitan planning organization shall take into 
                account the impact of all transportation projects and 
                development plans that will affect the transportation 
                system in the metropolitan area, without regard to 
                whether such projects are financed with Federal 
                funds'';
                    (C) in paragraph (4), by inserting ``freight 
                shippers,'' after ``employees,''; and
                    (D) in paragraph (5)(A), by inserting ``published 
                or otherwise'' before ``made readily available''.
    (b) Metropolitan Transportation Improvement Program.--Section 5304 
of title 49, United States Code, is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a), in the second sentence, by striking 
        ``the organization'' and inserting ``the metropolitan planning 
        organization, in cooperation with the chief executive officer 
        of the State and any affected mass transportation operator,'';
            (2) in subsection (b)(2), by striking subparagraph (C) and 
        inserting the following:
                    ``(C) identifies innovative financing techniques to 
                finance projects, programs, and strategies.''; and
            (3) in subsection (c)--
                    (A) in paragraph (1), by inserting ``and the 
                designated recipient under this chapter'' after 
                ``metropolitan planning organization''; and
                    (B) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(3) Notwithstanding any other provision of law, action by the 
Secretary shall not be required to advance a project included in the 
approved transportation improvement program in place of another project 
of higher priority in the program, except where the project is relevant 
to conformity with the Clean Air Act (42 U.S.C. 7401 et seq.).
    ``(4) A transportation improvement program and the annual selection 
of projects involving Government participation shall be published or 
otherwise made readily available for public review, identifying 
federally funded projects, and the estimated costs and locations of 
those projects.
    ``(5) Regionally significant projects proposed for funding under 
chapter 2 of title 23 shall be identified individually in the 
transportation improvement program. All other projects funded under 
chapter 2 of title 23 shall be grouped in 1 line item or identified 
individually in the transportation improvement program.''.
    (c) Transportation Management Areas.--Section 5305 of title 49, 
United States Code, is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a), by striking paragraph (2) and 
        inserting the following:
            ``(2) any other area, if requested by the chief executive 
        officer and the metropolitan planning organization designated 
        for the area.'';
            (2) in subsection (b), by inserting ``affected'' before 
        ``mass transportation operators'';
            (3) in subsection (c), by striking ``The Secretary'' and 
        all that follows through the final period;
            (4) in subsection (d)(1)(A)--
                    (A) by inserting ``and any affected mass 
                transportation operator'' after ``the State''; and
                    (B) by striking ``or under the Bridge and 
                Interstate Maintenance programs'';
            (5) in subsection (d)(1)(B), by striking ``or under the 
        Bridge and Interstate Maintenance programs''; and
            (6) in subsection (e), by striking paragraph (2) and 
        inserting the following:
    ``(2)(A) If a metropolitan planning process is not certified or is 
certified conditionally, the Secretary may withhold not more than 20 
percent of the apportioned funds attributable to the transportation 
management area under this chapter and title 23, or may establish such 
other conditions as the Secretary determines to be appropriate.
    ``(B) Any apportionments withheld under subparagraph (A) shall be 
restored to the metropolitan area at such time as the metropolitan 
planning organization is certified by the Secretary.''.
    (d) Statewide Planning.--
            (1) In general.--Chapter 53 of title 49, United States 
        Code, is amended by inserting after section 5305 the following:
``Sec. 5305a. Statewide planning
    ``(a) Development Requirements.--
            ``(1) In general.--To carry out sections 5303 through 5305 
        of this chapter and section 134 of title 23, each State shall 
        develop transportation plans and programs for all areas of the 
        State, which shall provide for the development and integrated 
        management and operation of transportation systems (including 
        pedestrian walkways and bicycle transportation facilities) that 
        will function as an intermodal State transportation system and 
        an integral part of the intermodal transportation system of the 
        United States.
            ``(2) Specific requirements.--The development of the plans 
        and programs under paragraph (1) shall--
                    ``(A) provide for consideration of all modes of 
                transportation; and
                    ``(B) be continuing, cooperative, and comprehensive 
                to the degree appropriate, based on the complexity of 
                the transportation problems to be addressed.
    ``(b) Scope of Planning Process.--
            ``(1) In general.--Each State shall carry out a 
        transportation planning process under this section, which shall 
        provide for consideration of--
                    ``(A) supporting the economic vitality of the 
                metropolitan area, especially by enabling global 
                competitiveness, productivity, and efficiency;
                    ``(B) increasing the safety and security of the 
                transportation system for motorized and nonmotorized 
                users;
                    ``(C) increasing the accessibility and mobility 
                options available to people and for freight;
                    ``(D) protecting and enhancing the environment, 
                promoting energy conservation and improved quality of 
                life, and coordinating land-use and transportation 
                plans and programs;
                    ``(E) enhancing the integration and connectivity of 
                the transportation system, across and between modes, 
                for people and freight;
                    ``(F) promoting efficient system management and 
                operation; and
                    ``(G) emphasizing the preservation of the existing 
                transportation system.
            ``(2) Goals.--In cooperation with the metropolitan planning 
        organization and mass transportation operators, and with 
        opportunity for public review and comment, the State shall 
        establish goals that relate to the factors described in 
        paragraph (1), and propose projects, programs, and strategies 
        to achieve those goals.
    ``(c) Coordination With Metropolitan Planning; State Implementation 
Plan.--
            ``(1) In general.--In carrying out the planning under this 
        section, a State shall--
                    ``(A) coordinate the planning with the 
                transportation planning activities carried out under 
                sections 5303 through 5305 of this chapter and section 
                134 of title 23, for metropolitan areas of the State;
                    ``(B) carry out the responsibilities of the State 
                for the development of the transportation portion of 
                the State air quality implementation plan, to the 
                extent required by the Clean Air Act (42 U.S.C. 7401 et 
                seq.); and
                    ``(C) to the maximum extent practicable, coordinate 
                with all other governmental agencies and nonprofit 
                organizations operating within the State planning area 
                that receive assistance from governmental sources 
                (other than the Department of Transportation) to 
                provide nonemergency transportation services.
            ``(2) Participation.--The governmental agencies and 
        nonprofit organizations described in paragraph (1)(C) shall 
        participate and coordinate with recipients of assistance under 
        this chapter in the design and delivery of transportation 
        services.
            ``(3) Purpose of coordination.--The purpose of coordination 
        under this subsection is to maximize the efficient use of 
        resources and to integrate all such services to ensure 
        accessibility and mobility.
    ``(d) Additional Requirements.--In carrying out planning under this 
section, each State shall, at a minimum, consider--
            ``(1) with respect to nonmetropolitan areas, the concerns 
        of local elected officials representing units of general 
        purpose local government;
            ``(2) the concerns of Indian tribal governments and Federal 
        land management agencies that have jurisdiction over land 
        within the boundaries of the State; and
            ``(3) coordination of transportation plans, programs, and 
        planning activities with related planning activities being 
        carried out outside of metropolitan planning areas.
    ``(e) Long-Range Transportation Plan.--
            ``(1) In general.--Each State shall develop a long-range 
        transportation plan, with a minimum 20-year forecast period, 
        for all areas of the State, that provides for the development 
        and implementation of the intermodal transportation system of 
        the State.
            ``(2) Cooperation.--With respect to each metropolitan area 
        in the State, the long-range transportation plan referred to in 
        paragraph (1) shall be developed in cooperation with the 
        metropolitan planning organization designated for the 
        metropolitan area under section 5303 and section 134 of title 
        23. With respect to each nonmetropolitan area, the long-range 
        transportation plan shall be developed in consultation with 
        local elected officials representing units of general purpose 
        local government. With respect to each area of the State under 
        the jurisdiction of an Indian tribal government, the long-range 
        transportation plan shall be developed in consultation with the 
        tribal government and the Secretary of the Interior.
            ``(3) Opportunity for comment.--In developing the long-
        range transportation plan under this subsection, the State 
        shall provide citizens, affected public agencies, 
        representatives of transportation authority employees, other 
        affected employee representatives, freight shippers, private 
        providers of transportation, and other interested parties with 
        a reasonable opportunity to comment on the proposed plan.
            ``(4) Transportation strategies.--The long-range 
        transportation plan developed under this subsection shall 
        identify transportation strategies necessary to efficiently 
        serve the mobility needs of individuals.
    ``(f) State Transportation Improvement Program.--
            ``(1) In general.--The State shall develop a transportation 
        improvement program for all areas of the State.
            ``(2) Cooperation.--With respect to each metropolitan area 
        in the State, the transportation improvement program under this 
        subsection shall be developed in cooperation with the 
        metropolitan planning organization designated for the 
        metropolitan area under section 5303 and section 134 of title 
        23. With respect to each nonmetropolitan area, the program 
        shall be developed in consultation with local elected officials 
        representing units of general purpose local government. With 
        respect to each area of the State under the jurisdiction of an 
        Indian tribal government, the program shall be developed in 
        consultation with the tribal government and the Secretary of 
        the Interior.
            ``(3) Opportunity for comment.--In developing the 
        transportation improvement program under this subsection, the 
        State shall provide citizens, affected public agencies, 
        representatives of transportation authority employees, other 
        affected employee representatives, freight shippers, private 
        providers of transportation, and other interested parties with 
        a reasonable opportunity to comment on the proposed program.
            ``(4) Required information.--A transportation improvement 
        program developed for a State under this subsection shall 
        include federally supported surface transportation expenditures 
        within the boundaries of the State. Regionally significant 
        projects proposed for funding under chapter 2 of title 23 shall 
        be identified individually. All other projects funded under 
        chapter 2 of title 23 shall be grouped in 1 line item or 
        identified individually in the transportation improvement 
        program.
            ``(5) Specific requirements.--Each project shall--
                    ``(A) be consistent with the long-range 
                transportation plan developed under this section for 
                the State;
                    ``(B) be identical to the project described in an 
                approved metropolitan transportation improvement 
                program; and
                    ``(C) be in conformance with the applicable State 
                air quality implementation plan developed under the 
                Clean Air Act (42 U.S.C. 7401 et seq.), if the project 
                is carried out in an area designated as nonattainment 
                for ozone or carbon monoxide under that Act.
            ``(6) Projects.--The transportation improvement program 
        developed under this subsection shall include a project, or an 
        identified phase of a project, only if full funding can 
        reasonably be anticipated to be available for the project 
        within the time period contemplated for completion of the 
        project.
            ``(7) Priorities.--The transportation improvement program 
        developed under this subsection shall reflect the priorities 
        for programming and expenditures of funds, including 
        transportation enhancements, required by this chapter.
            ``(8) Small areas.--Projects carried out in areas with 
        populations of less than 50,000--
                    ``(A) excluding projects carried out on the 
                National Highway System, shall be selected from the 
                approved statewide transportation improvement program 
                by the State in cooperation with the affected local 
                officials; and
                    ``(B) on the National Highway System, shall be 
                selected from the approved statewide transportation 
                improvement program by the State, in consultation with 
                the affected local officials.
            ``(9) Review.--A transportation improvement program 
        developed under this subsection shall be reviewed and, on a 
        finding that the planning process through which the program was 
        developed is consistent with this section and section 5303, 
        approved not less frequently than biennially by the Secretary. 
        Notwithstanding any other provision of law, action by the 
        Secretary shall not be required to advance a project included 
        in the approved statewide transportation improvement program in 
        place of another project of higher priority in the program, 
        except where the project is relevant to conformity with the 
        Clean Air Act (42 U.S.C. 7401 et seq.).
    ``(g) Available Funds.--Amounts set aside under section 5313(b) of 
this chapter and section 505 of title 23 shall be available to carry 
out this section.''.
            (2) Conforming amendment.--The analysis for chapter 53 of 
        title 49, United States Code, is amended by inserting after the 
        item relating to section 5305 the following:

    ``5305a.  Statewide planning.''.

SEC. 5005. METROPOLITAN PLANNING ORGANIZATIONS.

    Section 5303(c)(2) of title 49, United States Code, is amended by 
striking ``and appropriate State officials'' and inserting 
``appropriate State officials, and a representative of the users of 
public transit''.

SEC. 5006. FARE BOX REVENUES.

    (a) Block Grants.--Section 5307(e) of title 49, United States Code, 
is amended--
            (1) in the first sentence, by striking ``A grant of'' and 
        inserting the following:
            ``(1) In general.--A grant of'';
            (2) in the fourth sentence, by striking ``or revenues 
        from'' and all that follows through ``1985)'';
            (3) in the last sentence, by inserting ``proceeds from a 
        local issuance of debt,'' after ``cash fund or reserve,''; and
            (4) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(2) Maintenance of effort.--The credit given for the use 
        of proceeds from a local issuance of debt in meeting the non-
        Federal share under paragraph (1) shall not reduce or replace 
        State monies required to match Federal funds for any program 
        pursuant to this chapter. In receiving a credit for non-Federal 
        capital expenditures under this section, a State shall enter 
        into such agreements as the Secretary may require to ensure 
        that the State will maintain its non-Federal transportation 
        capital expenditures at or above the average level of such 
        expenditures for the preceding 3 fiscal years.''.
    (b) Discretionary Grants and Loans.--Section 5309(h) of title 49, 
United States Code, is amended in the fourth sentence, by inserting 
``proceeds from a local issuance of debt,'' after ``cash fund or 
reserve.''.

SEC. 5007. CLEAN FUELS FORMULA GRANT PROGRAM.

    (a) In General.--Section 5308 of title 49, United States Code, is 
amended to read as follows:
``Sec. 5308. Clean fuels formula grant program
    ``(a) Definitions.--In this section--
            ``(1) the term `designated recipient' has the same meaning 
        as in section 5307(a);
            ``(2) the term `eligible project'--
                    ``(A) means a project for the--
                            ``(i) purchase or lease of clean fuel 
                        vehicles or hybrid transit vehicles, including 
                        clean fuel vehicles that employ a lightweight 
                        composite primary structure;
                            ``(ii) construction or leasing of clean 
                        fuel vehicle fueling or electrical recharging 
                        facilities and related equipment;
                            ``(iii) improvement of existing transit 
                        facilities to accommodate clean fuel vehicles; 
                        or
                            ``(iv) incremental costs of biodiesel fuel; 
                        and
                    ``(B) in the discretion of the Secretary, may 
                include projects relating to clean fuel, biodiesel, 
                hybrid electric, or zero emissions technology vehicles 
                that exhibit equivalent or superior emissions 
                reductions to existing clean fuel or hybrid electric 
                technologies; and
            ``(3) the term `Secretary' means the Secretary of 
        Transportation.
    ``(b) Authority.--The Secretary shall make grants in accordance 
with this section to designated recipients to finance eligible 
projects.
    ``(c) Application.--Not later than January 1 of each year, any 
designated recipient seeking to apply for a grant under this section 
for an eligible project shall submit an application to the Secretary, 
in such form and in accordance with such requirements as the Secretary 
shall establish by regulation.
    ``(d) Apportionment of Funds.--
            ``(1) Formula.--Not later than February 1 of each year, the 
        Secretary shall apportion amounts made available under this 
        section to designated recipients submitting applications under 
        subsection (c) in accordance with the following:
                    ``(A) Two-thirds of the amount made available under 
                this section shall be apportioned to designated 
                recipients with eligible projects in urban areas with a 
                population of not less than 1,000,000 as follows:
                            ``(i) 50 percent shall be apportioned, such 
                        that each such designated recipient receives a 
                        grant in an amount equal to the ratio between--
                                    ``(I) the number of vehicles in the 
                                bus fleet of the eligible project of 
                                the designated recipient, weighted by 
                                severity of nonattainment for the area 
                                in which the eligible project is 
                                located, as provided in paragraph (2); 
                                and
                                    ``(II) the total number of vehicles 
                                in the bus fleets of all eligible 
                                projects in areas with a population of 
                                not less than 1,000,000 funded under 
                                this section, weighted by severity of 
                                nonattainment for all areas in which 
                                those eligible projects are located, as 
                                provided in paragraph (2).
                            ``(ii) 50 percent of the amount made 
                        available under this section shall be 
                        apportioned, such that each such designated 
                        recipient receives a grant in an amount equal 
                        to the ratio between--
                                    ``(I) the number of bus passenger 
                                miles (as that term is defined in 
                                section 5336(c)) of the eligible 
                                project of the designated recipient, 
                                weighted by severity of nonattainment 
                                of the area in which the eligible 
                                project is located, as provided in 
                                paragraph (2); and
                                    ``(II) the total number of bus 
                                passenger miles of all eligible 
                                projects in areas with a population of 
                                not less than 1,000,000 funded under 
                                this section, weighted by severity of 
                                nonattainment of all areas in which 
                                those eligible projects are located, as 
                                provided in paragraph (2).
                    ``(B) One-third of the amount made available under 
                this section shall be apportioned to designated 
                recipients with eligible projects in urban areas with a 
                population of less than 1,000,000 as follows:
                            ``(i) 50 percent shall be apportioned, such 
                        that each such designated recipient receives a 
                        grant in an amount equal to the ratio between--
                                    ``(I) the number of vehicles in the 
                                bus fleet of the eligible project of 
                                the designated recipient, weighted by 
                                severity of nonattainment for the area 
                                in which the eligible project is 
                                located, as provided in paragraph (2); 
                                and
                                    ``(II) the total number of vehicles 
                                in the bus fleets of all eligible 
                                projects in areas with a population of 
                                less than 1,000,000 funded under this 
                                section, weighted by severity of 
                                nonattainment for all areas in which 
                                those eligible projects are located, as 
                                provided in paragraph (2).
                            ``(ii) 50 percent of the amount made 
                        available under this section shall be 
                        apportioned, such that each such designated 
                        recipient receives a grant in an amount equal 
                        to the ratio between--
                                    ``(I) the number of bus passenger 
                                miles (as that term is defined in 
                                section 5336(c)) of the eligible 
                                project of the designated recipient, 
                                weighted by severity of nonattainment 
                                of the area in which the eligible 
                                project is located, as provided in 
                                paragraph (2); and
                                    ``(II) the total number of bus 
                                passenger miles of all eligible 
                                projects in areas with a population of 
                                less than 1,000,000 funded under this 
                                section, weighted by severity of 
                                nonattainment of all areas in which 
                                those eligible projects are located, as 
                                provided in paragraph (2).
            ``(2) Weighting of severity of nonattainment.--
                    ``(A) In general.--For purposes of paragraph (1), 
                subject to subparagraph (B) of this paragraph, the 
                number of clean fuel vehicles in the fleet, or the 
                number of passenger miles, shall be multiplied by a 
                factor of--
                            ``(i) 1.0 if, at the time of the 
                        apportionment, the area is a maintenance area 
                        (as that term is defined in section 101 of 
                        title 23) for ozone or carbon monoxide;
                            ``(ii) 1.1 if, at the time of the 
                        apportionment, the area is classified as--
                                    ``(I) a marginal ozone 
                                nonattainment area under subpart 2 of 
                                part D of title I of the Clean Air Act 
                                (42 U.S.C. 7511 et seq.); or
                                    ``(II) a marginal carbon monoxide 
                                nonattainment area under subpart 3 of 
                                part D of title I of that Act (42 
                                U.S.C. 7512 et seq.);
                            ``(iii) 1.2 if, at the time of the 
                        apportionment, the area is classified as--
                                    ``(I) a moderate ozone 
                                nonattainment area under subpart 2 of 
                                part D of title I of the Clean Air Act 
                                (42 U.S.C. 7511 et seq.); or
                                    ``(II) a moderate carbon monoxide 
                                nonattainment area under subpart 3 of 
                                part D of title I of that Act (42 
                                U.S.C. 7512 et seq.);
                            ``(iv) 1.3 if, at the time of the 
                        apportionment, the area is classified as--
                                    ``(I) a serious ozone nonattainment 
                                area under subpart 2 of part D of title 
                                I of the Clean Air Act (42 U.S.C. 7511 
                                et seq.); or
                                    ``(II) a serious carbon monoxide 
                                nonattainment area under subpart 3 of 
                                part D of title I of that Act (42 
                                U.S.C. 7512 et seq.);
                            ``(v) 1.4 if, at the time of the 
                        apportionment, the area is classified as--
                                    ``(I) a severe ozone nonattainment 
                                area under subpart 2 of part D of title 
                                I of the Clean Air Act (42 U.S.C. 7511 
                                et seq.); or
                                    ``(II) a severe carbon monoxide 
                                nonattainment area under subpart 3 of 
                                part D of title I of that Act (42 
                                U.S.C. 7512 et seq.); or
                            ``(vi) 1.5 if, at the time of the 
                        apportionment, the area is classified as--
                                    ``(I) an extreme ozone 
                                nonattainment area under subpart 2 of 
                                part D of title I of the Clean Air Act 
                                (42 U.S.C. 7511 et seq.); or
                                    ``(II) an extreme carbon monoxide 
                                nonattainment area under subpart 3 of 
                                part D of title I of that Act (42 
                                U.S.C. 7512 et seq.).
                    ``(B) Additional adjustment for carbon monoxide 
                areas.--If, in addition to being classified as a 
                nonattainment or maintenance area (as that term is 
                defined in section 101 of title 23) for ozone under 
                subpart 2 of part D of title I of the Clean Air Act (42 
                U.S.C. 7511 et seq.), the area was also classified 
                under subpart 3 of part D of title I of that Act (42 
                U.S.C. 7512 et seq.) as a nonattainment area for carbon 
                monoxide, the weighted nonattainment or maintenance 
                area fleet and passenger miles for the eligible 
                project, as calculated under subparagraph (A), shall be 
                further multiplied by a factor of 1.2.
            ``(3) Maximum grant amount.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The amount of a grant made to a 
                designated recipient under this section shall not 
                exceed the lesser of--
                            ``(i) for an eligible project in an area--
                                    ``(I) with a population of less 
                                than 1,000,000, $15,000,000; and
                                    ``(II) with a population of not 
                                less than 1,000,000, $25,000,000; or
                            ``(ii) 80 percent of the total cost of the 
                        eligible project.
                    ``(B) Reapportionment.--Any amounts that would 
                otherwise be apportioned to a designated recipient 
                under this subsection that exceed the amount described 
                in subparagraph (A) shall be reapportioned among other 
                designated recipients in accordance with paragraph (1).
    ``(e) Authorization.--
            ``(1) In general.--Subject to paragraph (2), in each fiscal 
        year, $200,000,000 shall be made available or appropriated 
        under subsections (a) and (b) of section 5338 to carry out this 
        section.
            ``(2) Additional requirement.--Notwithstanding any other 
        provision of this section, not less than 5 percent of the 
        amount apportioned under this section in each fiscal year shall 
        be apportioned to fund any eligible projects, for which an 
        application is received from a designated recipient in 
        accordance with subsection (a), for--
                    ``(A) the purchase or construction of hybrid 
                electric or battery-powered buses; or
                    ``(B) facilities specifically designed to service 
                those buses.
    ``(f) Availability of Funds.--Any amount made available or 
appropriated under this section--
            ``(1) shall remain available for 1 year after the fiscal 
        year for which the amount is made available or appropriated; 
        and
            ``(2) that remains unobligated at the end of the period 
        described in paragraph (1), shall be added to the amount made 
        available in the following fiscal year.''.
    (b) Definition of Clean Fuel Vehicle.--Section 5302(a) of title 49, 
United States Code, is amended--
            (1) in each of paragraphs (2) through (12), by striking the 
        period at the end and inserting a semicolon;
            (2) in paragraph (13), by striking the period at the end 
        and inserting ``; and''; and
            (3) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(14) `clean fuel vehicle' means a vehicle powered by 
        compressed natural gas, liquefied natural gas, biodiesel fuels, 
        batteries, alcohol-based fuels, or hybrid electric, fuel cell, 
        or other zero emissions technology.''.
    (c) Clerical Amendment.--The analysis for chapter 53 of title 49, 
United States Code, is amended by striking the item relating to section 
5308 and inserting the following:

``5308. Clean fuels formula grant program.''.

SEC. 5008. CAPITAL INVESTMENT GRANTS AND LOANS.

    (a) In General.--Section 5309 of title 49, United States Code, is 
amended in the section heading, by striking ``Discretionary'' and 
inserting ``Capital investment''.
    (b) Allocating Amounts.--Section 5309(m)(1) of title 49, United 
States Code, is amended by striking ``Of the amounts available for 
grants and loans under this section for each of the fiscal years ending 
September 30, 1993-1997'' and inserting ``After apportioning amounts 
for the purposes of section 5308, of the amounts available for grants 
and loans under this section for each of fiscal years 1993 through 
2003''.
    (c) Conforming Amendment.--The analysis for chapter 53 of title 49, 
United States Code, is amended in the item relating to section 5309, by 
striking ``Discretionary'' and inserting ``Capital investment''.

SEC. 5009. TRANSIT SUPPORTIVE LAND USE.

    Section 5309(e)(3)(B) of title 49, United States Code, is amended 
by inserting ``, and recognize reductions in local infrastructure costs 
achieved through compact land use development'' before the semicolon.

SEC. 5010. NEW STARTS.

    Section 5309(m) of title 49, United States Code, is amended by 
adding at the end the following:
    ``(5) Not more than 8 percent of the amount made available under 
paragraph (1)(B) in any fiscal year shall be available for activities 
other than final design and construction.''.

SEC. 5011. JOINT PARTNERSHIP FOR DEPLOYMENT OF INNOVATION.

    Section 5312 of title 49, United States Code, is amended by adding 
at the end the following:
    ``(d) Joint Partnership Program for Deployment of Innovation.--
            ``(1) Definition of consortium.--In this subsection, the 
        term `consortium'--
                    ``(A) means--
                            ``(i) 1 or more public or private 
                        organizations located in the United States, 
                        that provides mass transportation service to 
                        the public; and
                            ``(ii) 1 or more businesses, including 
                        small- and medium-sized businesses, 
                        incorporated in a State, offering goods or 
                        services or willing to offer goods and services 
                        to mass transportation operators; and
                    ``(B) may include, as additional members, public or 
                private research organizations located in the United 
                States, or State or local governmental authorities.
            ``(2) General authority.--The Secretary may, under terms 
        and conditions that the Secretary prescribes, enter into 
        grants, contracts, cooperative agreements, and other agreements 
        with consortia selected in accordance with paragraph (4), to 
        promote the early deployment of innovation in mass 
        transportation technology, services, management, or operational 
        practices. This paragraph shall be carried out in consultation 
        with the transit industry by competitively selected public/
        private partnerships that will share costs, risks, and rewards 
        of early deployment of innovation with broad applicability.
            ``(3) Consortium contribution.--A consortium assisted under 
        this subsection shall provide not less than 50 percent of the 
        costs of any joint partnership project. Any business, 
        organization, person, or governmental body may contribute funds 
        to a joint partnership project.
            ``(4) Notice requirement.--The Secretary shall periodically 
        give public notice of the technical areas for which joint 
        partnerships are solicited, required qualifications of 
        consortia desiring to participate, the method of selection and 
        evaluation criteria to be used in selecting participating 
        consortia and projects, and the process by which innovation 
        projects described in paragraph (1) will be awarded.
            ``(5) Use of revenues.--The Secretary shall, to the maximum 
        extent practicable, accept a portion of the revenues resulting 
        from sales of an innovation project funded under this section, 
        to be credited to the Mass Transit Account of the Highway Trust 
        Fund and used for joint partnership projects in accordance with 
        this subsection.''.

SEC. 5012. WORKPLACE SAFETY.

    Section 5315(a) of title 49, United States Code, is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (13), by striking ``and'' at the end;
            (2) in paragraph (14), by striking the period at the end 
        and inserting ``; and''; and
            (3) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(15) workplace safety.''.

SEC. 5013. UNIVERSITY TRANSPORTATION CENTERS.

    (a) In General.--Subchapter IV of chapter 52 of title 49, United 
States Code (as added by section 2003(a) of this Act), is repealed 
effective 1 day after the date of enactment of this Act.
    (b) Repeal.--
            (1) In general.--Section 2003(b) of this Act, and the 
        amendments made by that section, are repealed effective 1 day 
        after the date of enactment of this Act.
            (2) Applicability.--Effective 1 day after the date of 
        enactment of this Act, sections 5316 and 5317 of title 49, 
        United States Code, and the items relating to sections 5316 and 
        5317 in the analysis for chapter 53 of title 49, United States 
        Code, shall be applied and administered as if section 2003(b) 
        of this Act had not been enacted.
    (c) Establishment of Center.--Section 5317(b) of title 49, United 
States Code, is amended by adding the following new paragraph:
            ``(6) The Secretary shall make grants to the University of 
        Alabama Transportation Research Center to establish a 
        university Transportation Center.''.

SEC. 5014. JOB ACCESS AND REVERSE COMMUTE GRANTS.

    (a) Findings.--Congress finds that--
            (1) two-thirds of all new jobs are in the suburbs, whereas 
        three-quarters of welfare recipients live in rural areas or 
        central cities;
            (2) even in metropolitan areas with excellent public 
        transit systems, less than half of the jobs are accessible by 
        transit;
            (3) in 1991, the median price of a new car was equivalent 
        to 25 weeks of salary for the average worker, and considerably 
        more for the low-income worker;
            (4) not fewer than 9,000,000 households and 10,000,000 
        Americans of driving age, most of whom are low-income workers, 
        do not own cars;
            (5) 94 percent of welfare recipients do not own cars;
            (6) nearly 40 percent of workers with annual incomes below 
        $10,000 do not commute by car;
            (7) many of the 2,000,000 Americans who will have their 
        Temporary Assistance to Needy Families grants (under the State 
        program funded under part A of title IV of the Social Security 
        Act (42 U.S.C. 601 et seq.)) terminated by the year 2002 will 
        be unable to get to jobs they could otherwise hold;
            (8) increasing the transit options for low-income workers, 
        especially those who are receiving or who have recently 
        received welfare benefits, will increase the likelihood of 
        those workers getting and keeping jobs; and
            (9) many residents of cities and rural areas would like to 
        take advantage of mass transit to gain access to suburban 
        employment opportunities.
    (b) Grant Authority.--
            (1) In general.--Chapter 53 of title 49, United States 
        Code, is amended by inserting after section 5320 the following:
``Sec. 5320a. Access to jobs
    ``(a) Definitions.--In this section:
            ``(1) Eligible low-income individual.--The term `eligible 
        low-income individual' means an individual whose family income 
        is at or below 150 percent of the poverty line (as that term is 
        defined in section 673(2) of the Community Services Block Grant 
        Act (42 U.S.C. 9902(2)), including any revision required by 
        that section) for a family of the size involved.
            ``(2) Eligible project and related terms.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The term `eligible project' 
                means an access to jobs project or a reverse commute 
                project.
                    ``(B) Access to jobs project.--The term `access to 
                jobs project' means a project relating to the 
                development of transportation services designed to 
                transport welfare recipients and eligible low-income 
                individuals to and from jobs and activities related to 
                their employment, including--
                            ``(i) capital projects and to finance 
                        operating costs of equipment, facilities, and 
                        associated capital maintenance items related to 
                        providing access to jobs under this section;
                            ``(ii) promoting the use of transit by 
                        workers with nontraditional work schedules;
                            ``(iii) promoting the use by appropriate 
                        agencies of transit vouchers for welfare 
                        recipients and eligible low-income individuals 
                        under specific terms and conditions developed 
                        by the Secretary; and
                            ``(iv) promoting the use of employer-
                        provided transportation including the transit 
                        pass benefit program under subsections (a) and 
                        (f) of section 132 of title 26.
                    ``(C) Reverse commute project.--The term `reverse 
                commute project' means a project related to the 
                development of transportation services designed to 
                transport residents of urban areas, urbanized areas, 
                and areas other than urbanized areas to suburban 
                employment opportunities, including any project to--
                            ``(i) subsidize the costs associated with 
                        adding reverse commute bus, train, or van 
                        routes, or service from urban areas, urbanized 
                        areas, and areas other than urbanized areas, to 
                        suburban workplaces;
                            ``(ii) subsidize the purchase or lease by a 
                        private employer, nonprofit organization, or 
                        public agency of a van or bus dedicated to 
                        shuttling employees from their residences to a 
                        suburban workplace;
                            ``(iii) otherwise facilitate the provision 
                        of mass transportation services to suburban 
                        employment opportunities to residents of urban 
                        areas, urbanized areas, and areas other than 
                        urbanized areas.
            ``(3) Existing transportation service providers.--The term 
        `existing transportation service providers' means mass 
        transportation operators and governmental agencies and 
        nonprofit organizations that receive assistance from Federal, 
        State, or local sources for nonemergency transportation 
        services.
            ``(4) Secretary.--The term `Secretary' means the Secretary 
        of Transportation.
            ``(5) Qualified entity.--The term `qualified entity' 
        means--
                    ``(A) with respect to any proposed eligible project 
                in an urbanized area with a population of not less than 
                200,000, the entity or entities selected by the 
                appropriate metropolitan planning organization, in 
                coordination with affected transit grant recipients (as 
                provided in subsection (g)(2)), from among local 
                governmental authorities and nonprofit organizations; 
                and
                    ``(B) with respect to any proposed eligible project 
                in an urbanized area with a population of less than 
                200,000, or an area other than an urbanized area, the 
                entity or entities selected by the chief executive 
                officer of the State in which the area is located, in 
                coordination with affected transit grant recipients (as 
                provided in subsection (g)(2)), from among local 
                governmental authorities and nonprofit organizations.
            ``(6) Welfare recipient.--The term `welfare recipient' 
        means an individual who receives or received aid or assistance 
        under a State program funded under part A of title IV of the 
        Social Security Act (whether in effect before or after the 
        effective date of the amendments made by title I of the 
        Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act 
        of 1996 (Public Law 104-193; 110 Stat. 2110)) at any time 
        during the 3-year period before the date on which the applicant 
        applies for a grant under this section.
    ``(b) General Authority.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary may make access to jobs 
        grants and reverse commute grants under this section to assist 
        qualified entities in financing eligible projects.
            ``(2) Coordination.--The Secretary shall coordinate 
        activities under this section with related activities under 
        programs of other Federal departments and agencies.
    ``(c) Applications.--Each qualified entity seeking to receive a 
grant under this section for an eligible project shall submit to the 
Secretary an application in such form and in accordance with such 
requirements as the Secretary shall establish by regulation.
    ``(d) Prohibition.--Grants awarded under this section may not be 
used for planning or coordination activities.
    ``(e) Factors for Consideration.--In awarding grants under this 
section to applicants under subsection (c), the Secretary shall 
consider--
            ``(1) the percentage of the population in the area to be 
        served by the applicant that are welfare recipients;
            ``(2) in the case of an applicant seeking assistance to 
        finance an access to jobs project, the need for additional 
        services in the area to be served by the applicant to transport 
        welfare recipients and eligible low-income individuals to and 
        from specified jobs, training, and other employment support 
        services, and the extent to which the proposed services will 
        address those needs;
            ``(3) the extent to which the applicant demonstrates 
        coordination with, and the financial commitment of, existing 
        transportation service providers;
            ``(4) the extent to which the applicant demonstrates 
        maximum utilization of existing transportation service 
        providers and expands transit networks or hours of service, or 
        both;
            ``(5) the extent to which the applicant demonstrates an 
        innovative approach that is responsive to identified service 
        needs;
            ``(6) the extent to which the applicant--
                    ``(A) in the case of an applicant seeking 
                assistance to finance an access to jobs project, 
                presents a regional transportation plan for addressing 
                the transportation needs of welfare recipients and 
                eligible low-income individuals; and
                    ``(B) identifies long-term financing strategies to 
                support the services under this section;
            ``(7) the extent to which the applicant demonstrates that 
        the community to be served has been consulted in the planning 
        process; and
            ``(8) in the case of an applicant seeking assistance to 
        finance a reverse commute project, the need for additional 
        services identified in a regional transportation plan to 
        transport individuals to suburban employment opportunities, and 
        the extent to which the proposed services will address those 
        needs.
    ``(f) Federal Share of Costs.--
            ``(1) Maximum amount.--The amount of a grant under this 
        section may not exceed 50 percent of the total project cost.
            ``(2) Nongovernmental share.--The portion of the total cost 
        of an eligible project that is not funded under this section--
                    ``(A) shall be provided in cash from sources other 
                than revenues from providing mass transportation; and
                    ``(B) may be derived from amounts made available to 
                a department or agency of the Federal Government (other 
                than the Department of Transportation) that are 
                eligible to be expended for transportation.
    ``(g) Planning Requirements.--
            ``(1) In general.--The requirements of sections 5303 
        through 5306 apply to any grant made under this section.
            ``(2) Coordination.--Each application for a grant under 
        this section shall reflect coordination with and the approval 
        of affected transit grant recipients. The eligible access to 
        jobs projects financed must be part of a coordinated public 
        transit-human services transportation planning process.
    ``(h) Grant Requirements.--A grant under this section shall be 
subject to--
            ``(1) all of the terms and conditions to which a grant made 
        under section 5307 is subject; and
            ``(2) such other terms and conditions as determined by the 
        Secretary.
    ``(i) Program Evaluation.--
            ``(1) Comptroller general.--Beginning 6 months after the 
        date of enactment of this section, and every 6 months 
        thereafter, the Comptroller General of the United States 
        shall--
                    ``(A) conduct a study to evaluate the grant program 
                authorized under this section; and
                    ``(B) submit to the Committee on Transportation and 
                Infrastructure of the House of Representatives and the 
                Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs of the 
                Senate a report describing the results of each study 
                under subparagraph (A).
            ``(2) Department of transportation.--Not later than 2 years 
        after the date of enactment of this section, the Secretary 
        shall--
                    ``(A) conduct a study to evaluate the access to 
                jobs grant program authorized under this section; and
                    ``(B) submit to the Committee on Transportation and 
                Infrastructure of the House of Representatives and the 
                Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs of the 
                Senate a report describing the results of the study 
                under subparagraph (A).
    ``(j) Funding; Allocation.--
            ``(1) In general.--There is authorized to be appropriated 
        to carry out this section, to remain available until expended, 
        $250,000,000 for each of fiscal years 1998 through 2003, of 
        which--
                    ``(A) $150,000,000 in each fiscal year shall be 
                used for grants for access to jobs projects; and
                    ``(B) $100,000,000 in each fiscal year shall be 
                used for grants for reverse commute projects.
            ``(2) Allocation.--The amount made available to carry out 
        this section in each fiscal year shall be allocated as follows:
                    ``(A) 60 percent shall be allocated for eligible 
                projects in urbanized areas with populations of not 
                less than 200,000.
                    ``(B) 20 percent shall be allocated for eligible 
                projects in urbanized areas with populations of less 
                than 200,000.
                    ``(C) 20 percent shall be allocated for eligible 
                projects in areas other than urbanized areas.''.
            (2) Conforming amendment.--The analysis for chapter 53 of 
        title 49, United States Code, is amended by inserting after the 
        item relating to section 5320 the following:

``5320a.  Access to jobs.''.

SEC. 5015. GRANT REQUIREMENTS.

    Section 5323 of title 49, United States Code, is amended by adding 
at the end the following:
    ``(m) Grant Requirements.--The grant requirements under sections 
5307 and 5309 apply to any project under this chapter that receives any 
assistance from an infrastructure bank or through other financing under 
subtitle C of title I of the Intermodal Surface Transportation 
Efficiency Act of 1998.''.

SEC. 5016. HHS AND PUBLIC TRANSIT SERVICE.

    Section 5323 of title 49, United States Code, is amended by adding 
at the end the following:
    ``(n) Participation of Governmental Agencies in Design and Delivery 
of Transportation Services.--To the extent feasible, governmental 
agencies and nonprofit organizations that receive assistance from 
Government sources (other than the Department of Transportation) for 
nonemergency transportation services--
            ``(1) shall participate and coordinate with recipients of 
        assistance under this chapter in the design and delivery of 
        transportation services; and
            ``(2) shall be included in the planning for those 
        services.''.

SEC. 5017. PROCEEDS FROM THE SALE OF TRANSIT ASSETS.

    Section 5334(g) of title 49, United States Code, is amended by 
adding at the end the following:
    ``(4) Notwithstanding any other provision of law, if a recipient of 
assistance under this chapter determines that an asset (including real 
property) acquired with such assistance is no longer needed for the 
purpose for which it was acquired, the recipient may sell that asset 
with no further obligation to the Government, if the proceeds of the 
sale are used for the provision of mass transportation services in 
accordance with this chapter.''.

SEC. 5018. OPERATING ASSISTANCE FOR SMALL TRANSIT AUTHORITIES IN LARGE 
              URBANIZED AREAS.

    Section 5336(d) of title 49, United States Code, is amended by 
adding at the end the following:
    ``(3) In distributing operating assistance under this subsection to 
urbanized areas with a population of 1,000,000 or more under the most 
recent census, the Secretary shall direct each such area to give 
priority consideration to the impact of reductions on operating 
assistance on smaller transit authorities operating within the area and 
to consider the needs and resources of such transit authorities.''.

SEC. 5019. APPORTIONMENT OF APPROPRIATIONS FOR FIXED GUIDEWAY 
              MODERNIZATION.

    (a) Distribution.--Section 5337(a) of title 49, United States Code, 
is amended to read as follows:
    ``(a) Distribution.--The Secretary of Transportation shall 
apportion amounts made available for fixed guideway modernization under 
section 5309 for each of fiscal years 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, and 
2003 as follows:
            ``(1) The first $497,700,000 shall be apportioned in the 
        following urbanized areas as follows:
                    ``(A) Baltimore, $8,372,000.
                    ``(B) Boston, $38,948,000.
                    ``(C) Chicago/Northwestern Indiana, $78,169,000.
                    ``(D) Cleveland, $9,509,500.
                    ``(E) New Orleans, $1,730,588.
                    ``(F) New York, $176,034,461.
                    ``(G) Northeastern New Jersey, $50,604,653.
                    ``(H) Philadelphia/Southern New Jersey, 
                $58,924,764.
                    ``(I) Pittsburgh, $13,662,463.
                    ``(J) San Francisco, $33,989,571.
                    ``(K) Southwestern Connecticut, $27,755,000.
            ``(2) The next $70,000,000 shall be apportioned as follows:
                    ``(A) 50 percent in the urbanized areas listed in 
                paragraph (1), as provided in section 5336(b)(2)(A).
                    ``(B) 50 percent in other urbanized areas eligible 
                for assistance under section 5336(b)(2)(A) to which 
                amounts were apportioned under this section for fiscal 
                year 1997, as provided in section 5336(b)(2)(A) and 
                subsection (e) of this section.
            ``(3) The next $5,700,000 shall be apportioned in the 
        following urbanized areas as follows:
                    ``(A) Pittsburgh, 61.76 percent.
                    ``(B) Cleveland, 10.73 percent.
                    ``(C) New Orleans, 5.79 percent.
                    ``(D) 21.72 percent in urbanized areas to which 
                paragraph (2)(B) applies, as provided in section 
                5336(b)(2)(A) and subsection (e) of this section.
            ``(4) The next $186,600,000 shall be apportioned in each 
        urbanized area to which paragraph (1) applies and in each 
        urbanized area to which paragraph (2)(B) applies, as provided 
        in section 5336(b)(2)(A) and subsection (e) of this section.
            ``(5) Remaining amounts shall be apportioned as follows:
                    ``(A) 50 percent in the urbanized areas listed in 
                paragraph (1) as provided in section 5336(b)(2)(A) and 
                subsection (e) of this section.
                    ``(B) 50 percent to urbanized areas to which 
                paragraph (5)(B) applies, as provided in section 
                5336(b)(2)(A) and subsection (e) of this section.''.
    (b) Route Segments To Be Included in Apportionment Formulas.--
Section 5337 of title 49, United States Code, is amended by adding at 
the end the following:
    ``(e) Route Segments To Be Included in Apportionment Formulas.--
            ``(1) Amounts apportioned under paragraphs (2)(B), (3), and 
        (4) of subsection (a) shall have attributable to each urbanized 
        area only the number of fixed guideway revenue miles of service 
        and number of fixed guideway route miles for segments of fixed 
        guideway systems used to determine apportionments for fiscal 
        year 1997.
            ``(2) Amounts apportioned under paragraphs (5) through (7) 
        of subsection (a) shall have attributable to each urbanized 
        area only the number of fixed guideway revenue miles of service 
        and number of fixed guideway route-miles for segments of fixed 
        guideway systems placed in revenue service not less than 7 
        years before the fiscal year in which amounts are made 
        available.''.

SEC. 5020. URBANIZED AREA FORMULA STUDY.

    (a) Study.--The Secretary of Transportation shall conduct a study 
to determine whether the formula for apportioning funds to urbanized 
areas under section 5336 of title 49, United States Code accurately 
reflects the transit needs of the urbanized areas and, if not, whether 
any changes should be made either to the formula or through some other 
mechanism to reflect the fact that some urbanized areas with a 
population between 50,000 and 200,000 have transit systems that carry 
more passengers per mile or hour than the average of those transit 
systems in urbanized areas with a population over 200,000.
    (b) Report.--Not later than December 31, 1999, the Secretary of 
Transportation shall transmit to the Committee on Transportation and 
Infrastructure of the House of Representatives and the Committee on 
Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs of the Senate a report on the 
results of the study conducted under this section, together with any 
proposed changes to the method for apportioning funds to urbanized 
areas with a population over 50,000.

SEC. 5021. INTERCITY RAIL INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENT FROM MASS TRANSIT 
              ACCOUNT OF HIGHWAY TRUST FUND.

    Section 5323 of title 49, United States Code, is amended by adding 
at the end the following new subsection:
    ``(o) Intercity Rail Infrastructure Investment.--Any assistance 
provided to a State that does not have Amtrak service as of the date of 
enactment of this subsection from the Mass Transit Account of the 
Highway Trust Fund may be used for capital improvements to, and 
operating support for, intercity passenger rail service.''.

SEC. 5022. NEW START RATING AND EVALUATION.

    (a) Criteria for Grants and Loans for Fixed Guideway Systems.--
Section 5309(e) of title 49, United States Code, is amended to read as 
follows:
    ``(e) Criteria for Grants and Loans for Fixed Guideway Systems.--
            ``(1) The Secretary of Transportation may approve a grant 
        or loan under this section for a capital project for a new 
        fixed guideway system or extension of an existing fixed 
        guideway system only if the Secretary decides that the proposed 
        project is--
                    ``(A) based on the results of an alternatives 
                analysis and preliminary engineering;
                    ``(B) justified based on a comprehensive review of 
                its mobility improvements, environmental benefits, cost 
                effectiveness, and operating efficiencies; and
                    ``(C) supported by an acceptable degree of local 
                financial commitment, including evidence of stable and 
                dependable financing sources to construct, maintain, 
                and operate the system or extension.
            ``(2) In evaluating a project under paragraph (1)(A), the 
        Secretary shall analyze and consider the results of the 
        alternatives analysis and preliminary engineering for the 
        project.
            ``(3) In evaluating a project under paragraph (1)(B), the 
        Secretary shall--
                    ``(A) consider the direct and indirect costs of 
                relevant alternatives;
                    ``(B) account for costs and benefits related to 
                factors such as congestion relief, improved mobility, 
                air pollution, noise pollution, congestion, energy 
                consumption, and all associated ancillary and 
                mitigation costs necessary to carry out each 
                alternative analyzed;
                    ``(C) identify and consider mass transportation 
                supportive existing land use policies and future 
                patterns, and the cost of urban sprawl;
                    ``(D) consider the degree to which the project 
                increases the mobility of the mass transportation 
                dependent population or promotes economic development;
                    ``(E) consider population density, and current 
                transit ridership in the corridor;
                    ``(F) consider the technical capability of the 
                grant recipient to construct the project;
                    ``(G) adjust the project justification to reflect 
                differences in local land, construction, and operating 
                costs; and
                    ``(H) consider other factors the Secretary 
                considers appropriate to carry out this chapter.
            ``(3)(A) The Secretary of Transportation shall issue 
        guidelines on the manner in which the Secretary will evaluate 
        results of alternatives analysis, project justification, and 
        the degree of local financial commitment.
            ``(B) The project justification under paragraph (1)(B) 
        shall be adjusted to reflect differences in local land, 
        construction, and operating costs.
            ``(4)(A) In evaluating a project under paragraph (1)(C), 
        the Secretary shall require that--
                    ``(i) the proposed project plan provides for the 
                availability of contingency amounts the Secretary of 
                Transportation determines to be reasonable to cover 
                unanticipated cost overruns;
                    ``(ii) each proposed local source of capital and 
                operating financing is stable, reliable, and available 
                within the proposed project timetable; and
                    ``(iii) local resources are available to operate 
                the overall proposed mass transportation system 
                (including essential feeder bus and other services 
                necessary to achieve the projected ridership levels) 
                without requiring a reduction in existing mass 
                transportation services to operate the proposed 
                project.
            ``(B) In assessing the stability, reliability, and 
        availability of proposed sources of local financing, the 
        Secretary of Transportation shall consider--
                    ``(i) existing grant commitments;
                    ``(ii) the degree to which financing sources are 
                dedicated to the purposes proposed;
                    ``(iii) any debt obligation that exists or is 
                proposed by the recipient for the proposed project or 
                other mass transportation purpose; and
                    ``(iv) the extent to which the project has a local 
                financial commitment that exceeds the required non-
                Federal share of the cost of the project.
            ``(5)(A) Not later than 120 days after the date of 
        enactment of the Federal Transit Act of 1998, the Secretary of 
        Transportation shall issue guidelines on the manner in which 
        the Secretary will evaluate and rate the projects based on the 
        results of alternatives analysis, project justification, and 
        the degree of local financial commitment.
            ``(B) The project justification under paragraph (1)(B) 
        shall be adjusted to reflect differences in local land, 
        construction, and operating costs as required under this 
        subsection.
            ``(6)(A) A proposed project may advance from alternatives 
        analysis to preliminary engineering, and may advance from 
        preliminary engineering to final design and construction, only 
        if the Secretary of Transportation finds that the project meets 
        the requirements of this section and there is a reasonable 
        likelihood that the project will continue to meet the 
        requirements.
            ``(B) In making any findings under subparagraph (A), the 
        Secretary shall evaluate and rate the project as either highly 
        recommended, recommended, or not recommended, based on the 
        results of alternatives analysis, the project justification 
        criteria, and the degree of local financial commitment as 
        required under this subsection.
            ``(C) In rating each project, the Secretary shall provide, 
        in addition to the overall project rating, individual ratings 
        for each criteria established under the guidelines issued under 
        paragraph (5).
            ``(7)(A) Each project financed under this subsection shall 
        be carried out through a full funding grant agreement.
            ``(B) The Secretary shall enter a full funding grant 
        agreement based on evaluations and ratings required under this 
        subsection.
            ``(C) The Secretary shall not enter into a full funding 
        grant agreement for a project unless that project is authorized 
        for final design and construction.
            ``(8)(A) A project for a fixed guideway system or extension 
        of an existing fixed guideway system is not subject to the 
        requirements of this subsection, and the simultaneous 
        evaluation of similar projects in at least 2 corridors in a 
        metropolitan area may not be limited, if the assistance 
        provided under this section with respect to the project is less 
        than $25,000,000.
            ``(B) The simultaneous evaluation of projects in at least 2 
        corridors in a metropolitan area may not be limited and the 
        Secretary of Transportation shall make decisions under this 
        subsection with expedited procedures that will promote carrying 
        out an approved State Implementation Plan in a timely way if a 
        project is--
                    ``(i) located in a nonattainment area;
                    ``(ii) a transportation control measure (as that 
                term is defined in the Clean Air Act (42 U.S.C. 7401 et 
                seq.)); and
                    ``(iii) required to carry out the State 
                Implementation Plan.
            ``(C) This subsection does not apply to a part of a project 
        financed completely with amounts made available from the 
        Highway Trust Fund (other than the Mass Transit Account).
            ``(D) This subsection does not apply to projects for which 
        the Secretary has issued a letter of intent or entered into a 
        full funding grant agreement before the date of enactment of 
        the Federal Transit Act of 1998.''.
    (b) Letters of Intent, Full Financing Grant Agreements, and Early 
Systems Work Agreements.--Section 5309(g) of title 49, United States 
Code, is amended--
            (1) in the subsection heading, by striking ``Financing'' 
        and inserting ``Funding'';
            (2) by striking ``full financing'' each place it appears 
        and inserting ``full funding''; and
            (3) in paragraph (1)(B)--
                    (A) by striking ``30 days'' and inserting ``60 
                days'';
                    (B) by inserting ``or entering into a full funding 
                grant agreement'' after ``this paragraph''; and
                    (C) by striking ``issuance of the letter'' and 
                inserting ``letter or agreement. The Secretary shall 
                include with the notification a copy of the proposed 
                letter or agreement as well as evaluations and ratings 
                for the project''.
    (c) Reports.--Section 5309 of title 49, United States Code, is 
amended by adding at the end the following:
    ``(p) Reports.--
            ``(1) Funding levels and allocations of funds for fixed 
        guideway systems.--
                    ``(A) Annual report.--Not later than the first 
                Monday in February of each year, the Secretary shall 
                submit to the Committee on Transportation and 
                Infrastructure of the House of Representatives and the 
                Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs of the 
                Senate a report that includes a proposal on the 
                allocation of amounts to be made available to finance 
                grants and loans for capital projects for new fixed 
                guideway systems and extensions to existing fixed 
                guideway systems among applicants for those amounts.
                    ``(B) Recommendations on funding.--Each report 
                submitted under this paragraph shall include--
                            ``(i) evaluations and ratings, as required 
                        under subsection (e), for each project that is 
                        authorized or has received funds under this 
                        section since the date of enactment of the 
                        Federal Transit Act of 1998 or October 1 of the 
                        preceding fiscal year, whichever date is 
                        earlier; and
                            ``(ii) recommendations of projects for 
                        funding, based on the evaluations and ratings 
                        and on existing commitments and anticipated 
                        funding levels for the next 3 fiscal years and 
                        for the next 10 fiscal years, based on 
                        information available to the Secretary.
            ``(2) Supplemental report on new starts.--On August 30 of 
        each year, the Secretary shall submit a report to Congress that 
        describes the Secretary's evaluation and rating of each project 
        that has completed alternatives analysis or preliminary 
        engineering since the date of the last report. The report shall 
        include all relevant information that supports the evaluation 
        and rating of each project, including a summary of each 
        project's financial plan.
            ``(3) Annual gao review.--The Comptroller General of the 
        United States shall--
                    ``(A) conduct an annual review of--
                            ``(i) the processes and procedures for 
                        evaluating and rating projects and recommending 
                        projects; and
                            ``(ii) the Secretary's implementation of 
                        such processes and procedures; and
                    ``(B) report to Congress on the results of such 
                review not later than April 30 of each year.''.

                           TITLE VI--REVENUE

SEC. 6001. SHORT TITLE; AMENDMENT OF 1986 CODE.

    (a) Short Title.--This title may be cited as the ``Intermodal 
Surface Transportation Revenue Act of 1998''.
    (b) Amendment of 1986 Code.--Except as otherwise expressly 
provided, whenever in this title an amendment or repeal is expressed in 
terms of an amendment to, or repeal of, a section or other provision, 
the reference shall be considered to be made to a section or other 
provision of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986.

SEC. 6002. EXTENSION AND MODIFICATION OF HIGHWAY-RELATED TAXES AND 
              TRUST FUND.

    (a) Extension of Taxes and Exemptions.--
            (1) The following provisions are each amended by striking 
        ``1999'' each place it appears and inserting ``2005'':
                    (A) Section 4041(a)(1)(C)(iii)(I) (relating to rate 
                of tax on certain buses).
                    (B) Section 4041(a)(2)(B) (relating to rate of tax 
                on special motor fuels), as amended by section 
                907(a)(1) of the Taxpayer Relief Act of 1997.
                    (C) Section 4041(m)(1)(A) (relating to certain 
                alcohol fuels), as amended by section 907(b) of the 
                Taxpayer Relief Act of 1997.
                    (D) Section 4051(c) (relating to termination).
                    (E) Section 4071(d) (relating to termination).
                    (F) Section 4081(d)(1) (relating to termination).
                    (G) Section 4221(a) (relating to certain tax-free 
                sales).
                    (H) Section 4481(e) (relating to period tax in 
                effect).
                    (I) Section 4482(c)(4) (relating to taxable 
                period).
                    (J) Section 4482(d) (relating to special rule for 
                taxable period in which termination date occurs).
                    (K) Section 4483(g) (relating to termination of 
                exemptions).
                    (L) Section 6156(e)(2) (relating to section 
                inapplicable to certain liabilities).
                    (M) Section 6412(a) (relating to floor stocks 
                refunds).
            (2) The following provisions are each amended by striking 
        ``2000'' each place it appears and inserting ``2007'':
                    (A) Section 4041(b)(2)(C) (relating to 
                termination).
                    (B) Section 4041(k)(3) (relating to termination).
                    (C) Section 4081(c)(8) (relating to termination).
                    (D) Section 4091(c)(5) (relating to termination).
            (3) Section 6412(a) (relating to floor stocks refunds) is 
        amended by striking ``2000'' each place it appears and 
        inserting ``2006''.
            (4) Section 6427(f)(4) (relating to termination) is amended 
        by striking ``1999'' and inserting ``2007''.
            (5) Section 40(e)(1) (relating to termination) is amended--
                    (A) by striking ``December 31, 2000'' and inserting 
                ``December 31, 2007'', and
                    (B) by striking subparagraph (B) and inserting the 
                following:
                    ``(B) of any fuel for any period before January 1, 
                2008, during which the rate of tax under section 
                4081(a)(2)(A) is 4.3 cents per gallon.''.
            (6) Headings 9901.00.50 and 9901.00.52 of the Harmonized 
        Tariff Schedule of the United States (19 U.S.C. 3007) are 
        amended in the effective period column by striking ``10/1/
        2000'' each place it appears and inserting ``10/1/2007''.
    (b) Extension and Modification of Highway Trust Fund.--
            (1) Extension.--Section 9503 (relating to Highway Trust 
        Fund) is amended--
                    (A) in subsection (b)--
                            (i) in paragraph (1), as amended by section 
                        1032(e)(13) of the Taxpayer Relief Act of 
                        1997--
                                    (I) by striking ``1999'' and 
                                inserting ``2005'',
                                    (II) by striking subparagraph (C),
                                    (III) in subparagraph (D), by 
                                striking ``and tread rubber'', and
                                    (IV) by redesignating subparagraphs 
                                (D), (E), and (F) as subparagraphs (C), 
                                (D), and (E), respectively,
                            (ii) in paragraph (2), by striking ``1999'' 
                        each place it appears and inserting ``2005'' 
                        and by striking ``2000'' and inserting 
                        ``2006'',
                            (iii) in the heading of paragraph (2), by 
                        striking ``october 1, 1999'' and inserting 
                        ``october 1, 2005'', and
                            (iv) in subparagraphs (E) and (F) of 
                        paragraph (4), as amended by section 901(a) of 
                        the Taxpayer Relief Act of 1997, by striking 
                        ``1999'' and inserting ``2005'', and
                    (B) in subsection (c), as amended by section 
                9(a)(1) of the Surface Transportation Extension Act of 
                1997--
                            (i) in paragraph (1)--
                                    (I) by striking ``1998'' and 
                                inserting ``2003'',
                                    (II) in subparagraph (C), by 
                                striking ``or'' at the end,
                                    (III) in subparagraph (D), by 
                                striking ``1991.'' and inserting 
                                ``1991, or'',
                                    (IV) by inserting after 
                                subparagraph (D) the following:
                    ``(E) authorized to be paid out of the Highway 
                Trust Fund under the Intermodal Surface Transportation 
                Efficiency Act of 1998.'', and
                                    (V) by striking the last sentence 
                                and inserting the following:
        ``In determining the authorizations under the Acts referred to 
        in the preceding subparagraphs, such Acts shall be applied as 
        in effect on the date of the enactment of the Intermodal 
        Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1998.'',
                            (ii) in paragraph (2)(A)(i)--
                                    (I) by striking ``2000'' and 
                                inserting ``2006'',
                                    (II) in subclause (II), by adding 
                                ``and'' at the end,
                                    (III) in subclause (IV), by 
                                striking ``1999'' and inserting 
                                ``2005'', and
                                    (IV) by striking subclause (III) 
                                and redesignating subclause (IV) as 
                                subclause (III),
                            (iii) in paragraph (2)(A), by striking 
                        clause (ii) and inserting the following:
                            ``(ii) the credits allowed under section 34 
                        (relating to credit for certain uses of fuel) 
                        with respect to fuel used before October 1, 
                        2005.'',
                            (iv) in paragraph (3)--
                                    (I) by striking ``July 1, 2000'' 
                                and inserting ``July 1, 2006'', and
                                    (II) by striking the heading and 
                                inserting ``Floor stocks refunds'',
                            (v) in paragraph (4)(A)--
                                    (I) in clause (i), by striking 
                                ``1998'' and inserting ``2003'', and
                                    (II) in clause (ii), by adding at 
                                the end the following new flush 
                                sentence:
                        ``In making the determination under subclause 
                        (II) for any fiscal year, the Secretary shall 
                        not take into account any amount appropriated 
                        from the Boat Safety Account in any preceding 
                        fiscal year but not distributed.'', and
                            (vi) in paragraph (5)(A), by striking 
                        ``1998'' and inserting ``2003''.
            (2) Limitation on expenditures.--
                    (A) In general.--Section 9503(c) (relating to 
                expenditures from Highway Trust Fund), as amended by 
                subsection (d)(2)(A), is amended by inserting after 
                paragraph (5) the following:
            ``(6) Limitation on expenditures from highway trust fund.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Except as provided in 
                subparagraph (B), no expenditure shall be made from the 
                Highway Trust Fund unless such expenditure is permitted 
                under a provision of this title. The determination of 
                whether an expenditure is so permitted shall be made 
                without regard to--
                            ``(i) any provision of law which is not 
                        contained or referenced in this title and which 
                        is not contained or referenced in a revenue 
                        Act, and
                            ``(ii) whether such provision of law is a 
                        subsequently enacted provision or directly or 
                        indirectly seeks to waive the application of 
                        this paragraph.
                    ``(B) Exception for prior obligations.--
                Subparagraph (A) shall not apply to any expenditure to 
                liquidate any contract entered into, or for any amount 
                otherwise obligated, in accordance with the provisions 
                of this section before October 1, 2003.''.
                    (B) Transfer of taxes to trust fund terminated if 
                expenditure limitation violated.--Section 9503(b)(4) 
                (relating to certain taxes not transferred to Highway 
                Trust Fund), as amended by subsection (b)(1)(A)(iv), is 
                amended--
                            (i) in subparagraph (E), by striking ``or'' 
                        at the end,
                            (ii) in subparagraph (F), by striking the 
                        period at the end and inserting ``, or'', and
                            (iii) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(G) any provision described in paragraph (1) on 
                and after the date of any expenditure not permitted by 
                subsection (c)(6).''.
    (c) Modification of Subsidies for Alcohol Fuels.--
            (1) In general.--Subsection (h) of section 40 (relating to 
        alcohol used as fuel) is amended to read as follows:
    ``(h) Reduced Credit for Ethanol Blenders.--
            ``(1) In general.--In the case of any alcohol mixture 
        credit or alcohol credit with respect to any sale or use of 
        alcohol which is ethanol during calendar years 2001 through 
        2007--
                    ``(A) subsections (b)(1)(A) and (b)(2)(A) shall be 
                applied by substituting `the blender amount' for `60 
                cents',
                    ``(B) subsection (b)(3) shall be applied by 
                substituting `the low-proof blender amount' for `45 
                cents' and `the blender amount' for `60 cents', and
                    ``(C) subparagraphs (A) and (B) of subsection 
                (d)(3) shall be applied by substituting `the blender 
                amount' for `60 cents' and `the low-proof blender 
                amount' for `45 cents'.
            ``(2) Amounts.--For purposes of paragraph (1), the blender 
        amount and the low-proof blender amount shall be determined in 
        accordance with the following table:


                                                                        
               In the case of any sale                    The low-proof 
                or use during calendar    The blender     blender amount
                        year:              amount is:          is:      
                                                                        
               2001 or 2002                53 cents          39.26 cents
               2003 or 2004                52 cents          38.52 cents
               2005, 2006, or 2007....     51 cents          37.78      
                                                          cents.''.     
                                                                        

            (2) Conforming amendments.--
                    (A) Section 4041(b)(2) is amended--
                            (i) in subparagraph (A)(i), by striking 
                        ``5.4 cents'' and inserting ``the applicable 
                        blender rate'', and
                            (ii) by redesignating subparagraph (C), as 
                        amended by subsection (a)(2)(A), as 
                        subparagraph (D) and by inserting after 
                        subparagraph (B) the following:
                    ``(C) Applicable blender rate.--For purposes of 
                subparagraph (A)(i), the applicable blender rate is--
                            ``(i) except as provided in clause (ii), 
                        5.4 cents, and
                            ``(ii) for sales or uses during calendar 
                        years 2001 through 2007, \1/10\ of the blender 
                        amount applicable under section 40(h)(2) for 
                        the calendar year in which the sale or use 
                        occurs.''.
                    (B) Subparagraph (A) of section 4081(c)(4) is 
                amended to read as follows:
                    ``(A) General rules.--
                            ``(i) Mixtures containing ethanol.--Except 
                        as provided in clause (ii), in the case of a 
                        qualified alcohol mixture which contains 
                        gasoline, the alcohol mixture rate is the 
                        excess of the rate which would (but for this 
                        paragraph) be determined under subsection (a) 
                        over--
                                    ``(I) in the case of 10 percent 
                                gasohol, the applicable blender rate 
                                (as defined in section 4041(b)(2)(A)) 
                                per gallon,
                                    ``(II) in the case of 7.7 percent 
                                gasohol, the number of cents per gallon 
                                equal to 77 percent of such applicable 
                                blender rate, and
                                    ``(III) in the case of 5.7 percent 
                                gasohol, the number of cents per gallon 
                                equal to 57 percent of such applicable 
                                blender rate.
                            ``(ii) Mixtures not containing ethanol.--In 
                        the case of a qualified alcohol mixture which 
                        contains gasoline and none of the alcohol in 
                        which consists of ethanol, the alcohol mixture 
                        rate is the excess of the rate which would (but 
                        for this paragraph) be determined under 
                        subsection (a) over--
                                    ``(I) in the case of 10 percent 
                                gasohol, 6 cents per gallon,
                                    ``(II) in the case of 7.7 percent 
                                gasohol, 4.62 cents per gallon, and
                                    ``(III) in the case of 5.7 percent 
                                gasohol, 3.42 cents per gallon.''.
                    (C) Section 4081(c)(5) is amended by striking ``5.4 
                cents'' and inserting ``the applicable blender rate (as 
                defined in section 4041(b)(2)(C))''.
                    (D) Section 4091(c)(1) is amended by striking 
                ``13.4 cents'' each place it appears and inserting 
                ``the applicable blender amount'' and by adding at the 
                end the following: ``For purposes of this paragraph, 
                the term `applicable blender amount' means 13.3 cents 
                in the case of any sale or use during 2001 or 2002, 
                13.2 cents in the case of any sale or use during 2003 
                or 2004, 13.1 cents in the case of any sale or use 
                during 2005, 2006, or 2007, and 13.4 cents in the case 
                of any sale or use during 2008 or thereafter.''.
            (3) Effective date.--The amendments made by this subsection 
        shall take effect on January 1, 2001.
    (d) Elimination of National Recreational Trails Trust Fund.--
            (1) In general.--Section 9511 (relating to National 
        Recreational Trails Trust Fund) is repealed.
            (2) Conforming amendments.--
                    (A) Section 9503(c) is amended by striking 
                paragraph (6).
                    (B) The table of sections for subchapter A of 
                chapter 98 is amended by striking the item relating to 
                section 9511.
    (e) Aquatic Resources Trust Fund.--
            (1) Extension.--Section 9504(c) (relating to expenditures 
        from Boat Safety Account), as amended by section 9(b) of the 
        Surface Transportation Extension Act of 1997, is amended--
                    (A) by striking ``1998'' and inserting ``2004'', 
                and
                    (B) by striking ``1988'' and inserting ``the date 
                of the enactment of the Intermodal Surface 
                Transportation Efficiency Act of 1998''.
            (2) Limitation on expenditures.--Section 9504 (relating to 
        Aquatic Resources Trust Fund) is amended by redesignating 
        subsection (d) as subsection (e) and by inserting after 
        subsection (c) the following:
    ``(d) Limitation on Expenditures from Trust Fund.--
            ``(1) In general.--Except as provided in paragraph (2), no 
        expenditure shall be made from the Aquatics Resources Trust 
        Fund unless such expenditure is permitted under a provision of 
        this title. The determination of whether an expenditure is so 
        permitted shall be made without regard to--
                    ``(A) any provision of law which is not contained 
                or referenced in this title and which is not contained 
                or referenced in a revenue Act, and
                    ``(B) whether such provision of law is a 
                subsequently enacted provision or directly or 
                indirectly seeks to waive the application of this 
                subsection.
            ``(2) Exception for prior obligations from the boat safety 
        account.--Paragraph (1) shall not apply to any expenditure to 
        liquidate any contract entered into, or for any amount 
        otherwise obligated, in accordance with the provisions of 
        subsection (c) before April 1, 2004.
            ``(3) Transfer of taxes to trust fund terminated if 
        expenditure limitation violated.--For purposes of the second 
        sentence of subsection (a)(2), there shall not be taken into 
        account any amount described in subsection (b)(1), section 
        9503(c)(4), or section 9503(c)(5)(A) on and after the date of 
        any expenditure not permitted by paragraph (1).''.
            (3) Conforming amendments.--Section 9504(b)(2) is amended--
                    (A) in subparagraph (A), by striking ``October 1, 
                1988'' and inserting ``the date of the enactment of the 
                Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 
                1998'', and
                    (B) in subparagraph (B), by striking ``November 29, 
                1990'' and inserting ``the date of the enactment of the 
                Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 
                1998''.

SEC. 6003. MASS TRANSIT ACCOUNT.

    (a) In General.--Section 9503(e)(3) (relating to expenditures from 
Account), as amended by section 9(a)(2) of the Surface Transportation 
Extension Act of 1997, is amended--
            (1) by striking ``1998'' and inserting ``2003'',
            (2) in subparagraph (A), by striking ``or'' at the end,
            (3) in subparagraph (B), by adding ``or'' at the end, and
            (4) by striking all that follows subparagraph (B) and 
        inserting:
                    ``(C) the Intermodal Surface Transportation 
                Efficiency Act of 1998,
        as such sections and Acts are in effect on the date of the 
        enactment of the Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency 
        Act of 1998.''.
    (b) Conforming Amendment.--Paragraph (4) of section 9503(e) is 
amended to read as follows:
                    ``(4) Limitation.--Rules similar to the rules of 
                subsection (d) shall apply to the Mass Transit 
                Account.''.
    (c) Technical Correction.--
            (1) In general.--Section 9503(e)(2) is amended by striking 
        the last sentence and inserting the following: ``For purposes 
        of the preceding sentence, the term `mass transit portion' 
        means, for any fuel with respect to which tax was imposed under 
        section 4041 or 4081 and otherwise deposited into the Highway 
        Trust Fund, the amount determined at the rate of--
                    ``(A) except as otherwise provided in this 
                sentence, 2.86 cents per gallon,
                    ``(B) 1.43 cents per gallon in the case of any 
                partially exempt methanol or ethanol fuel (as defined 
                in section 4041(m)) none of the alcohol in which 
                consists of ethanol,
                    ``(C) 1.86 cents per gallon in the case of 
                liquefied natural gas,
                    ``(D) 2.13 cents per gallon in the case of 
                liquefied petroleum gas, and
                    ``(E) 9.71 cents per MCF (determined at standard 
                temperature and pressure) in the case of compressed 
                natural gas.''.
            (2) Effective date.--The amendment made by paragraph (1) 
        shall take effect as if included in the amendment made by 
        section 901(b) of the Taxpayer Relief Act of 1997.

SEC. 6004. TAX-EXEMPT FINANCING OF QUALIFIED HIGHWAY INFRASTRUCTURE 
              CONSTRUCTION.

    (a) Treatment as Exempt Facility Bond.--A bond described in 
subsection (b) shall be treated as described in section 141(e)(1)(A) of 
the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, except that--
            (1) section 146 of such Code shall not apply to such bond, 
        and
            (2) section 147(c)(1) of such Code shall be applied by 
        substituting ``any portion of'' for ``25 percent or more''.
    (b) Bond Described.--
            (1) In general.--A bond is described in this subsection if 
        such bond is issued after the date of the enactment of this Act 
        as part of an issue--
                    (A) 95 percent or more of the net proceeds of which 
                are to be used to provide a qualified highway 
                infrastructure project, and
                    (B) to which there has been allocated a portion of 
                the allocation to the project under paragraph 
                (2)(C)(ii) which is equal to the aggregate face amount 
                of bonds to be issued as part of such issue.
            (2) Qualified highway infrastructure projects.--
                    (A) In general.--For purposes of paragraph (1), the 
                term ``qualified highway infrastructure project'' means 
                a project--
                            (i) for the construction or reconstruction 
                        of a highway, and
                            (ii) designated under subparagraph (B) as 
                        an eligible pilot project.
                    (B) Eligible pilot project.--
                            (i) In general.--The Secretary of 
                        Transportation, in consultation with the 
                        Secretary of the Treasury, shall select not 
                        more than 15 highway infrastructure projects to 
                        be pilot projects eligible for tax-exempt 
                        financing.
                            (ii) Eligibility criteria.--In determining 
                        the criteria necessary for the eligibility of 
                        pilot projects, the Secretary of Transportation 
                        shall include the following:
                                    (I) The project must serve the 
                                general public.
                                    (II) The project is necessary to 
                                evaluate the potential of the private 
                                sector's participation in the provision 
                                of the highway infrastructure of the 
                                United States.
                                    (III) The project must be located 
                                on publicly-owned rights-of-way.
                                    (IV) The project must be publicly 
                                owned or the ownership of the highway 
                                constructed or reconstructed under the 
                                project must revert to the public.
                                    (V) The project must be consistent 
                                with a transportation plan developed 
                                pursuant to section 134(g) or 135(e) of 
                                title 23, United States Code.
                    (C) Aggregate face amount of tax-exempt 
                financing.--
                            (i) In general.--The aggregate face amount 
                        of bonds issued pursuant to this section shall 
                        not exceed $15,000,000,000, determined without 
                        regard to any bond the proceeds of which are 
                        used exclusively to refund (other than to 
                        advance refund) a bond issued pursuant to this 
                        section (or a bond which is a part of a series 
                        of refundings of a bond so issued) if the 
                        amount of the refunding bond does not exceed 
                        the outstanding amount of the refunded bond.
                            (ii) Allocation.--The Secretary of 
                        Transportation, in consultation with the 
                        Secretary of the Treasury, shall allocate the 
                        amount described in clause (i) among the 
                        eligible pilot projects designated under 
                        subparagraph (B).
                            (iii) Reallocation.--If any portion of an 
                        allocation under clause (ii) is unused on the 
                        date which is 3 years after such allocation, 
                        the Secretary of Transportation, in 
                        consultation with the Secretary of the 
                        Treasury, may reallocate such portion among the 
                        remaining eligible pilot projects.
    (c) Report.--
            (1) In general.--Not later than the earlier of--
                    (A) 1 year after either \1/2\ of the projects 
                authorized under this section have been identified or 
                \1/2\ of the total bonds allowable for the projects 
                under this section have been issued, or
                    (B) 7 years after the date of the enactment of this 
                Act,
        the Secretary of Transportation, in consultation with the 
        Secretary of the Treasury, shall submit the report described in 
        paragraph (2) to the Committees on Finance and on Environment 
        and Public Works of the Senate and the Committees on Ways and 
        Means and on Transportation and Infrastructure of the House of 
        Representatives.
            (2) Contents.--The report under paragraph (1) shall 
        evaluate the overall success of the program conducted pursuant 
        to this section, including--
                    (A) a description of each project under the 
                program,
                    (B) the extent to which the projects used new 
                technologies, construction techniques, or innovative 
                cost controls that resulted in savings in building the 
                project, and
                    (C) the use and efficiency of the Federal tax 
                subsidy provided by the bond financing.

SEC. 6005. REPEAL OF 1.25 CENT TAX RATE ON RAIL DIESEL FUEL.

    (a) In General.--Section 4041(a)(1)(C)(ii) (relating to rate of tax 
on trains) is amended--
            (1) in subclause (II), by striking ``October 1, 1999'' and 
        inserting ``March 1, 1999'', and
            (2) in subclause (III), by striking ``September 30, 1999'' 
        and inserting ``February 28, 1999''.
    (b) Conforming Amendments.--
            (1) Section 6421(f)(3)(B) is amended--
                    (A) in clause (ii), by striking ``October 1, 1999'' 
                and inserting ``March 1, 1999'', and
                    (B) in clause (iii), by striking ``September 30, 
                1999'' and inserting ``February 28, 1999''.
            (2) Section 6427(l)(3)(B) is amended--
                    (A) in clause (ii), by striking ``October 1, 1999'' 
                and inserting ``March 1, 1999'', and
                    (B) in clause (iii), by striking ``September 30, 
                1999'' and inserting ``February 28, 1999''.

SEC. 6006. ELECTION TO RECEIVE TAXABLE CASH COMPENSATION IN LIEU OF 
              NONTAXABLE QUALIFIED TRANSPORTATION FRINGE BENEFITS.

    (a) No Constructive Receipt.--
            (1) In general.-- Paragraph (4) of section 132(f) (relating 
        to qualified transportation fringe) is amended to read as 
        follows:
            ``(4) No constructive receipt.--No amount shall be included 
        in the gross income of an employee solely because the employee 
        may choose between any qualified transportation fringe and 
        compensation which would otherwise be includible in gross 
        income of such employee.''.
            (2) Effective date.--The amendment made by this subsection 
        shall apply to taxable years beginning after December 31, 1997.
    (b) Increase in maximum exclusion for employer-provided transit 
passes.--
            (1) In general.--Subparagraph (A) of section 132(f)(2) 
        (relating to limitation on exclusion) is amended by striking 
        ``$60'' and inserting ``$100''.
            (2) Effective date.--The amendment made by this subsection 
        shall apply to taxable years beginning after December 31, 2001.
    (c) No Inflation Adjustment for 1999.--
            (1) In general.--Paragraph (6) of section 132(f) (relating 
        to qualified transportation fringe) is amended to read as 
        follows:
            ``(6) Inflation adjustment.--In the case of any taxable 
        year beginning in a calendar year after 1999, the dollar 
        amounts contained in subparagraphs (A) and (B) of paragraph (2) 
        shall be increased by an amount equal to--
                    ``(A) such dollar amount, multiplied by
                    ``(B) the cost-of-living adjustment determined 
                under section 1(f)(3) for the calendar year in which 
                the taxable year begins, by substituting `calendar year 
                1998' for `calendar year 1992'.
        If any increase determined under the preceding sentence is not 
        a multiple of $5, such increase shall be rounded to the next 
        lowest multiple of $5.''.
            (2) Conforming amendment.--Section 132(f)(2)(B) is amended 
        by striking ``$155'' and inserting ``$175''.
            (3) Effective Date.--The amendments made by this subsection 
        shall apply to taxable years beginning after December 31, 1998.
    (d) Conforming Inflation Adjustment.--
            (1) In general.--Paragraph (6) of section 132(f) (relating 
        to qualified transportation fringe) is amended to read as 
        follows:
            ``(6) Inflation adjustment.--
                    ``(A) Adjustment to qualified parking limitation.--
                In the case of any taxable year beginning in a calendar 
                year after 1999, the dollar amount contained in 
                paragraph (2)(B) shall be increased by an amount equal 
                to--
                            ``(i) such dollar amount, multiplied by
                            ``(ii) the cost-of-living adjustment 
                        determined under section 1(f)(3) for the 
                        calendar year in which the taxable year begins, 
                        by substituting `calendar year 1998' for 
                        `calendar year 1992'.
                    ``(B) Adjustment to other qualified transportation 
                fringes limitation.--In the case of any taxable year 
                beginning in a calendar year after 2002, the dollar 
                amount contained in paragraph (2)(A) shall be increased 
                by an amount equal to--
                            ``(i) such dollar amount, multiplied by
                            ``(ii) the cost-of-living adjustment 
                        determined under section 1(f)(3) for the 
                        calendar year in which the taxable year begins, 
                        by substituting `calendar year 2001' for 
                        `calendar year 1992'.
                    ``(c) Rounding.--If any increase determined under 
                subparagraph (A) or (B) is not a multiple of $5, such 
                increase shall be rounded to the next lowest multiple 
                of $5.''.
            (2) Effective Date.--The amendment made by this subsection 
        shall apply to taxable years beginning after December 31, 2002.

SEC. 6007. TAX TREATMENT OF CERTAIN FEDERAL PARTICIPATION PAYMENTS.

    For purposes of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, with respect to 
any Federal participation payment to a taxpayer in any taxable year 
made under section 149(e) of title 23, United States Code, as added by 
section 1502, to the extent such payment is not subject to tax under 
such Code for the taxable year--
            (1) no credit or deduction (other than a deduction with 
        respect to any interest on a loan) shall be allowed to the 
        taxpayer with respect to any property placed in service or 
        other expenditure that is directly or indirectly attributable 
        to the payment, and
            (2) the basis of any such property shall be reduced by the 
        portion of the cost of the property that is attributable to the 
        payment.

SEC. 6008. DELAY IN EFFECTIVE DATE OF NEW REQUIREMENT FOR APPROVED 
              DIESEL OR KEROSENE TERMINALS.

    Subsection (f) of section 1032 of the Taxpayer Relief Act of 1997 
is amended to read as follows:
    ``(f) Effective Dates.--
            ``(1) Except as provided in paragraph (2), the amendments 
        made by this section shall take effect on July 1, 1998.
            ``(2) The amendment made by subsection (d) shall take 
        effect on July 1, 2000.''.

SEC. 6009. REPEAL OF CERTAIN LIMITATION ON EXPENDITURES.

    (a) In General.--Section 9503(c) of the Internal Revenue Code of 
1986 (relating to expenditures from Highway Trust Fund) is amended by 
striking paragraph (7).
    (b) Effective Date.--The amendment made by this section takes 
effect as if included in the enactment of section 901 of the Taxpayer 
Relief Act of 1997.

            Attest:

                                                             Secretary.
105th CONGRESS

  2d Session

                               H. R. 2400

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                               AMENDMENT

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