[Congressional Bills 103th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[S. Res. 94 Reported in Senate (RS)]

                                                       Calendar No. 367

103d CONGRESS

  2d Session

                               S. RES. 94

_______________________________________________________________________

                               RESOLUTION

     Expressing the sense of the Senate with respect to the tragic 
                     humanitarian crisis in Sudan.

_______________________________________________________________________

             February 9 (legislative day, January 25), 1994

    Reported without amendment and with an amendment to the preamble





                                                       Calendar No. 367
103d CONGRESS
  2d Session
S. RES. 94

     Expressing the sense of the Senate with respect to the tragic 
                     humanitarian crisis in Sudan.


_______________________________________________________________________


                   IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES

                April 3 (legislative day, March 3), 1993

Mr. Simon (for himself, Mrs. Kassebaum, Mr. Jeffords, Mr. Feingold, Mr. 
 Helms, Mr. Kennedy, Mr. Pell, Mr. Leahy, Mr. Kohl, Ms. Moseley-Braun, 
Mr. Durenberger, Mr. Ford, Mr. Daschle, Mr. Wofford, Mr. Pressler, Mr. 
    Dole, Mrs. Feinstein, and Mr. Moynihan) submitted the following 
  resolution; which was referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations

             February 9 (legislative day, January 25), 1994

 Reported by Mr. Pell, without amendment and with an amendment to the 
                                preamble
 [Omit the part struck through and insert the part printed in italic.]

_______________________________________________________________________

                               RESOLUTION


 
     Expressing the sense of the Senate with respect to the tragic 
                     humanitarian crisis in Sudan.

Whereas a civil conflict in Sudan has resulted in a severe humanitarian 
        emergency that has placed an estimated 4,000,000 people at risk;
Whereas the resulting emergency conditions require an increase in the action and 
        attention devoted to Sudan by the international community;
Whereas the United States Centers for Disease Control found during a recent 
        visit to Sudan that as many as 80 percent of the children in many areas 
        of Sudan are malnourished;
Whereas certain populations of Sudanese are acutely vulnerable as a result of 
        the military policies of the Sudan Government and of fighting between 
        factions of the Sudan People's Liberation Army (SPLA) in southern Sudan;
Whereas on June 30, 1989, the National Salvation Revolutionary Command Council 
        suspended the Sudan constitution, dissolved all political institutions 
        in Sudan, and banned or dissolved all political parties, civic 
        organizations, trade unions, professional associations, social 
        organizations, and privately-owned mass media in Sudan;
Whereas the National Salvation Revolutionary Command Council has taken control 
        of the judiciary in Sudan, has granted itself sweeping powers to detain 
        Sudanese citizens under the National Security Act and other laws, and 
        has promoted a pattern of arbitrary arrest, detention without charge or 
        trial, and torture;
Whereas, according to Amnesty International, such detention includes the 
        detention of at least 250 people in Khartoum, Sudan;
Whereas the Sudan Government has engaged in a campaign of ethnic cleansing, 
        forcibly relocating tens of thousands of Nuba people from Kordofan 
        Province and killing hundreds;
Whereas the 1993 World Report of the International Labor Organization states 
        that ``traditional slavery survives in modern-day Sudan'' and that such 
        slavery ``seems to be on the increase'' as a result of raids by armed 
        militia in the border areas between northern and southern Sudan;
Whereas Amnesty International reports that hundreds of people were executed 
        without trial or other judicial process by Sudan Government forces in 
        Juba and that more than 100 men arrested in Juba in mid-1992 have 
        disappeared;
Whereas, in October 1992, the Congress agreed to a resolution condemning human 
        rights and humanitarian abuses in Sudan;
Whereas, on December 4, 1992, the United Nations General Assembly agreed to a 
        resolution condemning human rights abuses in Sudan;
Whereas, on March 10, 1993, the United Nations Human Rights Commission agreed to 
        a resolution appointing a Special Rapporteur for Human Rights for Sudan;
Whereas, despite these resolutions and other measures, reports indicate that 
        widespread human rights violations continue in Sudan;
Whereas the Sudan Government denies the existence of such violations;
Whereas the Sudan Government and factions of the SPLA have signed a series of 
        agreements with the United Nations and non-governmental organizations 
        (NGOs) in Nairobi, Kenya, and Khartoum whose purpose is to improve 
        access to populations of Sudanese people in need of emergency aid, and 
        the parties have demonstrated a willingness to take further actions in 
        responding to the humanitarian crisis in Sudan through an on-going 
        process of negotiation-: -N-o-w-, -t-h-e-r-e-f-o-r-e-, -b-e -i-t;
Whereas the Sudan Government began its dry season offensive in December 
        1993, and has recently increased the offensive with the goal of 
        targeting civilian populations, and possibly cutting off 
        humanitarian assistance to the south; and
Whereas the Sudan Government expelled the British Ambassador in 
        December 1993 in response to a visit of the Archbishop of 
        Canterbury to see areas of devastation in southern Sudan: Now, 
        therefore, be it
    Resolved, That the Senate--
            (1) strongly condemns the egregious human rights abuses of 
        the Sudan Government and calls upon the Sudan Government to 
        cease such abuses;
            (2) deplores the internecine fighting among factions of the 
        Sudan People's Liberation Army (SPLA) which has caused an 
        increase in the number of deaths of Sudanese civilians;
            (3) urges the Sudan Government and factions of the SPLA to 
        grant immediate and full access to areas of needy people in 
        Sudan to humanitarian relief organizations; and
            (4) calls upon the President--
                    (A) to act expeditiously to avert a humanitarian 
                disaster of unprecedented proportions in Sudan by 
                expanding relief operations (including airlift, 
                airdrops, and other means of delivering humanitarian 
                supplies);
                    (B) to increase the amount and expedite delivery of 
                financial assistance to non-governmental organizations 
                that supply emergency aid to southern Sudan;
                    (C) to urge the United Nations to address actively 
                and energetically issues relating to Sudan by 
                encouraging the United Nations--
                            (i) to pass a United Nations Security 
                        Council Resolution on Sudan;
                            (ii) to appoint a United Nations Special 
                        Representative for Sudan;
                            (iii) to negotiate agreements with the 
                        Sudan Government and the SPLA for the expansion 
                        of corridors of access to Sudan (including 
                        access along the Sudan-Uganda border) for the 
                        supply of humanitarian relief and for the safe 
                        passage and free movement of civilians in and 
                        through Sudan;
                            (iv) to explore the creation of 
                        internationally monitored demilitarized zones 
                        and resettlement zones in southern Sudan in 
                        which Sudan Government forces, factions of the 
                        SPLA, and militia would not be allowed;
                            (v) to place human rights monitors under 
                        the jurisdiction of the United Nations in areas 
                        of Sudan affected by the fighting and human 
                        rights abuses in Sudan; and
                            (vi) to support the on-going negotiations 
                        for a cease-fire between the Sudan Government 
                        and various factions of the SPLA;
                    (D) to appoint a United States Special Negotiator 
                to work with the United Nations, the Organization of 
                African Unity, the Sudan Government, factions of the 
                SPLA, and governments of nations of the region; and
                    (E) to take immediate action in the international 
                community with a view toward putting pressure on any 
                party in Sudan that obstructs the delivery of 
                humanitarian assistance into ceasing such obstruction, 
                including imposing sanctions against such party or 
                taking such other actions as the President considers 
                appropriate.

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