[Congressional Bills 103th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[S. Res. 94 Reported in Senate (RS)]
Calendar No. 367
103d CONGRESS
2d Session
S. RES. 94
_______________________________________________________________________
RESOLUTION
Expressing the sense of the Senate with respect to the tragic
humanitarian crisis in Sudan.
_______________________________________________________________________
February 9 (legislative day, January 25), 1994
Reported without amendment and with an amendment to the preamble
Calendar No. 367
103d CONGRESS
2d Session
S. RES. 94
Expressing the sense of the Senate with respect to the tragic
humanitarian crisis in Sudan.
_______________________________________________________________________
IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES
April 3 (legislative day, March 3), 1993
Mr. Simon (for himself, Mrs. Kassebaum, Mr. Jeffords, Mr. Feingold, Mr.
Helms, Mr. Kennedy, Mr. Pell, Mr. Leahy, Mr. Kohl, Ms. Moseley-Braun,
Mr. Durenberger, Mr. Ford, Mr. Daschle, Mr. Wofford, Mr. Pressler, Mr.
Dole, Mrs. Feinstein, and Mr. Moynihan) submitted the following
resolution; which was referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations
February 9 (legislative day, January 25), 1994
Reported by Mr. Pell, without amendment and with an amendment to the
preamble
[Omit the part struck through and insert the part printed in italic.]
_______________________________________________________________________
RESOLUTION
Expressing the sense of the Senate with respect to the tragic
humanitarian crisis in Sudan.
Whereas a civil conflict in Sudan has resulted in a severe humanitarian
emergency that has placed an estimated 4,000,000 people at risk;
Whereas the resulting emergency conditions require an increase in the action and
attention devoted to Sudan by the international community;
Whereas the United States Centers for Disease Control found during a recent
visit to Sudan that as many as 80 percent of the children in many areas
of Sudan are malnourished;
Whereas certain populations of Sudanese are acutely vulnerable as a result of
the military policies of the Sudan Government and of fighting between
factions of the Sudan People's Liberation Army (SPLA) in southern Sudan;
Whereas on June 30, 1989, the National Salvation Revolutionary Command Council
suspended the Sudan constitution, dissolved all political institutions
in Sudan, and banned or dissolved all political parties, civic
organizations, trade unions, professional associations, social
organizations, and privately-owned mass media in Sudan;
Whereas the National Salvation Revolutionary Command Council has taken control
of the judiciary in Sudan, has granted itself sweeping powers to detain
Sudanese citizens under the National Security Act and other laws, and
has promoted a pattern of arbitrary arrest, detention without charge or
trial, and torture;
Whereas, according to Amnesty International, such detention includes the
detention of at least 250 people in Khartoum, Sudan;
Whereas the Sudan Government has engaged in a campaign of ethnic cleansing,
forcibly relocating tens of thousands of Nuba people from Kordofan
Province and killing hundreds;
Whereas the 1993 World Report of the International Labor Organization states
that ``traditional slavery survives in modern-day Sudan'' and that such
slavery ``seems to be on the increase'' as a result of raids by armed
militia in the border areas between northern and southern Sudan;
Whereas Amnesty International reports that hundreds of people were executed
without trial or other judicial process by Sudan Government forces in
Juba and that more than 100 men arrested in Juba in mid-1992 have
disappeared;
Whereas, in October 1992, the Congress agreed to a resolution condemning human
rights and humanitarian abuses in Sudan;
Whereas, on December 4, 1992, the United Nations General Assembly agreed to a
resolution condemning human rights abuses in Sudan;
Whereas, on March 10, 1993, the United Nations Human Rights Commission agreed to
a resolution appointing a Special Rapporteur for Human Rights for Sudan;
Whereas, despite these resolutions and other measures, reports indicate that
widespread human rights violations continue in Sudan;
Whereas the Sudan Government denies the existence of such violations;
Whereas the Sudan Government and factions of the SPLA have signed a series of
agreements with the United Nations and non-governmental organizations
(NGOs) in Nairobi, Kenya, and Khartoum whose purpose is to improve
access to populations of Sudanese people in need of emergency aid, and
the parties have demonstrated a willingness to take further actions in
responding to the humanitarian crisis in Sudan through an on-going
process of negotiation-: -N-o-w-, -t-h-e-r-e-f-o-r-e-, -b-e -i-t;
Whereas the Sudan Government began its dry season offensive in December
1993, and has recently increased the offensive with the goal of
targeting civilian populations, and possibly cutting off
humanitarian assistance to the south; and
Whereas the Sudan Government expelled the British Ambassador in
December 1993 in response to a visit of the Archbishop of
Canterbury to see areas of devastation in southern Sudan: Now,
therefore, be it
Resolved, That the Senate--
(1) strongly condemns the egregious human rights abuses of
the Sudan Government and calls upon the Sudan Government to
cease such abuses;
(2) deplores the internecine fighting among factions of the
Sudan People's Liberation Army (SPLA) which has caused an
increase in the number of deaths of Sudanese civilians;
(3) urges the Sudan Government and factions of the SPLA to
grant immediate and full access to areas of needy people in
Sudan to humanitarian relief organizations; and
(4) calls upon the President--
(A) to act expeditiously to avert a humanitarian
disaster of unprecedented proportions in Sudan by
expanding relief operations (including airlift,
airdrops, and other means of delivering humanitarian
supplies);
(B) to increase the amount and expedite delivery of
financial assistance to non-governmental organizations
that supply emergency aid to southern Sudan;
(C) to urge the United Nations to address actively
and energetically issues relating to Sudan by
encouraging the United Nations--
(i) to pass a United Nations Security
Council Resolution on Sudan;
(ii) to appoint a United Nations Special
Representative for Sudan;
(iii) to negotiate agreements with the
Sudan Government and the SPLA for the expansion
of corridors of access to Sudan (including
access along the Sudan-Uganda border) for the
supply of humanitarian relief and for the safe
passage and free movement of civilians in and
through Sudan;
(iv) to explore the creation of
internationally monitored demilitarized zones
and resettlement zones in southern Sudan in
which Sudan Government forces, factions of the
SPLA, and militia would not be allowed;
(v) to place human rights monitors under
the jurisdiction of the United Nations in areas
of Sudan affected by the fighting and human
rights abuses in Sudan; and
(vi) to support the on-going negotiations
for a cease-fire between the Sudan Government
and various factions of the SPLA;
(D) to appoint a United States Special Negotiator
to work with the United Nations, the Organization of
African Unity, the Sudan Government, factions of the
SPLA, and governments of nations of the region; and
(E) to take immediate action in the international
community with a view toward putting pressure on any
party in Sudan that obstructs the delivery of
humanitarian assistance into ceasing such obstruction,
including imposing sanctions against such party or
taking such other actions as the President considers
appropriate.
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