[Congressional Bills 103th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[S. 87 Introduced in Senate (IS)]

103d CONGRESS
  1st Session
                                 S. 87

  To amend the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 to provide for a 
  voluntary system of spending limits and partial public financing of 
 Senate primary and general election campaigns, to limit contributions 
    by multicandidate political committees, and for other purposes.


_______________________________________________________________________


                   IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES

             January 21 (legislative day, January 5), 1993

  Mr. Kerry (for himself, Mr. Biden, and Mr. Bradley) introduced the 
 following bill; which was read twice and referred to the Committee on 
                        Rules and Administration

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL


 
  To amend the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 to provide for a 
  voluntary system of spending limits and partial public financing of 
 Senate primary and general election campaigns, to limit contributions 
    by multicandidate political committees, and for other purposes.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; AMENDMENT OF CAMPAIGN ACT; TABLE OF CONTENTS.

    (a) Short Title.--This Act may be cited as the ``Congressional 
Campaign Spending Limit and Election Reform Act of 1993''.
    (b) Amendment of FECA.--When used in this Act, the term ``FECA'' 
means the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 (2 U.S.C. 431 et seq.).
    (c) Table of Contents.--

Sec. 1. Short title; amendment of Campaign Act; table of contents.
Sec. 2. Findings and declarations of the Senate.
          TITLE I--CONTROL OF CONGRESSIONAL CAMPAIGN SPENDING

   Subtitle A--Senate Election Campaign Spending Limits and Benefits

Sec. 101. Senate spending limits and benefits.
Sec. 102. Restrictions on activities of political action and candidate 
                            committees in Federal elections.
Sec. 103. Reporting requirements.
Sec. 104. Disclosure by noneligible candidates.
                     Subtitle B--General Provisions

Sec. 131. Broadcast rates and preemption.
Sec. 132. Extension of reduced third-class mailing rates to eligible 
                            Senate candidates.
Sec. 133. Reporting requirements for certain independent expenditures.
Sec. 134. Campaign advertising amendments.
Sec. 135. Definitions.
Sec. 136. Provisions relating to franked mass mailings.
                   TITLE II--INDEPENDENT EXPENDITURES

Sec. 201. Clarification of definitions relating to independent 
                            expenditures.
                        TITLE III--EXPENDITURES

                   Subtitle A--Personal Loans; Credit

Sec. 301. Personal contributions and loans.
Sec. 302. Extensions of credit.
   Subtitle B--Provisions Relating to Soft Money of Political Parties

Sec. 311. Contributions to political party committees.
Sec. 312. Provisions relating to national, State, and local party 
                            committees.
Sec. 313. Restrictions on fundraising by candidates and officeholders.
Sec. 314. Reporting requirements.
                        TITLE IV--CONTRIBUTIONS

Sec. 401. Contributions through intermediaries and conduits.
Sec. 402. Contributions by dependents not of voting age.
Sec. 403. Contributions to candidates from State and local committees 
                            of political parties to be aggregated.
Sec. 404. Limited exclusion of advances by campaign workers from the 
                            definition of the term ``contribution''.
                    TITLE V--REPORTING REQUIREMENTS

Sec. 501. Change in certain reporting from a calendar year basis to an 
                            election cycle basis.
Sec. 502. Personal and consulting services.
Sec. 503. Reduction in threshold for reporting of certain information 
                            by persons other than political committees.
Sec. 504. Computerized indices of contributions.
                 TITLE VI--FEDERAL ELECTION COMMISSION

Sec. 601. Use of candidates' names.
Sec. 602. Reporting requirements.
Sec. 603. Provisions relating to the general counsel of the Commission.
Sec. 604. Enforcement.
Sec. 605. Penalties.
Sec. 606. Random audits.
Sec. 607. Prohibition of false representation to solicit contributions.
Sec. 608. Regulations relating to use of non-Federal money.
                        TITLE VII--MISCELLANEOUS

Sec. 701. Prohibition of leadership committees.
Sec. 702. Polling data contributed to candidates.
              TITLE VIII--EFFECTIVE DATES; AUTHORIZATIONS

Sec. 801. Effective date.
Sec. 802. Sense of the Senate regarding funding of Senate Election 
                            Campaign Fund.
Sec. 803. Severability.
Sec. 804. Expedited review of constitutional issues.

SEC. 2. FINDINGS AND DECLARATIONS OF THE SENATE.

    (a) Necessity for Spending Limits.--The Senate finds and declares 
that--
            (1) the current system of campaign finance has led to 
        public perceptions that political contributions and their 
        solicitation have unduly influenced the official conduct of 
        elected officials;
            (2) permitting candidates for Federal office to raise and 
        spend unlimited amounts of money constitutes a fundamental flaw 
        in the current system of campaign finance, and has undermined 
        public respect for the Senate as an institution;
            (3) the failure to limit campaign expenditures has caused 
        individuals elected to the Senate to spend an increasing 
        proportion of their time in office as elected officials raising 
        funds, interfering with the ability of the Senate to carry out 
        its constitutional responsibilities;
            (4) the failure to limit campaign expenditures has damaged 
        the Senate as an institution, due to the time lost to raising 
        funds for campaigns; and
            (5) to prevent the appearance of corruption and to restore 
        public trust in the Senate as an institution, it is necessary 
        to limit campaign expenditures, through a system which provides 
        public benefits to candidates who agree to limit campaign 
        expenditures.
    (b) Necessity for Limits on Political Action Committees.--The 
Senate finds and declares that--
            (1) contributions by political action committees to 
        individual candidates have created the perception that 
        candidates are beholden to special interests, and leave 
        candidates open to charges of corruption;
            (2) unconstrained contributions by political action 
        committees to individual candidates have undermined public 
        confidence in the Senate as an institution; and
            (3) to prevent the appearance of corruption and to restore 
        public trust in the Senate as an institution, it is necessary 
        to limit contributions by political action committees, while 
        allowing such committees to continue to participate in the 
        political process through other means, such as through 
        independent expenditures.
    (c) Necessity for Attributing Cooperative Expenditures to 
Candidates.--The Senate finds and declares that--
            (1) public confidence and trust in the system of campaign 
        finance would be undermined should any candidate be able to 
        circumvent a system of caps on expenditures through cooperative 
        expenditures with outside individuals, groups, or 
        organizations;
            (2) cooperative expenditures by candidates with outside 
        individuals, groups, or organizations would severely undermine 
        the effectiveness of caps on campaign expenditures, unless they 
        are included within such caps; and
            (3) to maintain the integrity of the system of campaign 
        finance, expenditures by any individual, group, or organization 
        that have been made in cooperation with any candidate, 
        authorized committee, or agent of any candidate must be 
        attributed to that candidate's cap on campaign expenditures.

          TITLE I--CONTROL OF CONGRESSIONAL CAMPAIGN SPENDING

   Subtitle A--Senate Election Campaign Spending Limits and Benefits

SEC. 101. SENATE SPENDING LIMITS AND BENEFITS.

    (a) In General.--FECA is amended by adding at the end the following 
new title:

 ``TITLE V--SPENDING LIMITS AND BENEFITS FOR SENATE ELECTION CAMPAIGNS

``SEC. 501. CANDIDATES ELIGIBLE TO RECEIVE BENEFITS.

    ``(a) In General.--For purposes of this title, a candidate is an 
eligible Senate candidate if the candidate--
            ``(1) meets the primary and general election filing 
        requirements of subsections (b) and (c);
            ``(2) meets the primary and runoff election expenditure 
        limits of subsection (d); and
            ``(3) meets the threshold contribution requirements of 
        subsection (e).
    ``(b) Primary Filing Requirements.--(1) The requirements of this 
subsection are met if the candidate files with the Secretary of the 
Senate a declaration that--
            ``(A) the candidate and the candidate's authorized 
        committees--
                    ``(i)(I) will meet the primary and runoff election 
                expenditure limits of subsection (d); and
                    ``(II) will only accept contributions for the 
                primary and runoff elections which do not exceed such 
                limits; and
                    ``(ii)(I) will meet the primary and runoff election 
                multicandidate political committee contribution limits 
                of subsection (f); and
                    ``(II) will only accept contributions for the 
                primary and runoff elections from multicandidate 
                political committees which do not exceed such limits;
            ``(B) the candidate and the candidate's authorized 
        committees will meet the general election expenditure limit 
        under section 502(b); and
            ``(C) the candidate and the candidate's authorized 
        committees will meet the limitation on expenditures from 
        personal funds under section 502(a).
    ``(2) The declaration under paragraph (1) shall be filed not later 
than the date the candidate files as a candidate for the primary 
election.
    ``(c) General Election Filing Requirements.--(1) The requirements 
of this subsection are met if the candidate files a certification with 
the Secretary of the Senate under penalty of perjury that--
            ``(A) the candidate and the candidate's authorized 
        committees--
                    ``(i)(I) met the primary and runoff election 
                expenditure limits under subsection (d); and
                    ``(II) did not accept contributions for the primary 
                or runoff election in excess of the primary or runoff 
                expenditure limit under subsection (d), whichever is 
                applicable, reduced by any amounts transferred to this 
                election cycle from a preceding election cycle; and
                    ``(ii)(I) met the multicandidate political 
                committee contribution limits under subsection (f); and
                    ``(II) did not accept contributions for the primary 
                or runoff election in excess of the multicandidate 
                political committee contribution limits under 
                subsection (f);
            ``(B) the candidate met the threshold contribution 
        requirement under subsection (e), and that only allowable 
        contributions were taken into account in meeting such 
        requirement;
            ``(C) at least one other candidate has qualified for the 
        same general election ballot under the law of the State 
        involved;
            ``(D) such candidate and the authorized committees of such 
        candidate--
                    ``(i) except as otherwise provided by this title, 
                will not make expenditures which exceed the general 
                election expenditure limit under section 502(b);
                    ``(ii) will not accept any contributions in 
                violation of section 315;
                    ``(iii) except as otherwise provided by this title, 
                will not accept any contribution for the general 
                election involved to the extent that such contribution 
                would cause the aggregate amount of such contributions 
                to exceed the sum of the amount of the general election 
                expenditure limit under section 502(b) and the amounts 
                described in subsections (c) and (d) of section 502, 
                reduced by--
                            ``(I) the amount of voter communication 
                        vouchers issued to the candidate; and
                            ``(II) any amounts transferred to this 
                        election cycle from a previous election cycle 
                        and not taken into account under subparagraph 
                        (A)(ii);
                    ``(iv) will deposit all payments received under 
                this title in an account insured by the Federal Deposit 
                Insurance Corporation from which funds may be withdrawn 
                by check or similar means of payment to third parties;
                    ``(v) will furnish campaign records, evidence of 
                contributions, and other appropriate information to the 
                Commission; and
                    ``(vi) will cooperate in the case of any audit and 
                examination by the Commission under section 506; and
            ``(E) the candidate intends to make use of the benefits 
        provided under section 503.
    ``(2) The declaration under paragraph (1) shall be filed not later 
than 7 days after the earlier of--
            ``(A) the date the candidate qualifies for the general 
        election ballot under State law; or
            ``(B) if, under State law, a primary or runoff election to 
        qualify for the general election ballot occurs after September 
        1, the date the candidate wins the primary or runoff election.
    ``(d) Primary and Runoff Expenditure Limits.--(1) The requirements 
of this subsection are met if:
            ``(A) The candidate or the candidate's authorized 
        committees did not make expenditures for the primary election 
        in excess of the lesser of--
                    ``(i) 67 percent of the general election 
                expenditure limit under section 502(b); or
                    ``(ii) $2,750,000.
            ``(B) The candidate and the candidate's authorized 
        committees did not make expenditures for any runoff election in 
        excess of 20 percent of the general election expenditure limit 
        under section 502(b).
    ``(2) The limitations under subparagraphs (A) and (B) of paragraph 
(1) with respect to any candidate shall be increased by the aggregate 
amount of independent expenditures in opposition to, or on behalf of 
any opponent of, such candidate during the primary or runoff election 
period, whichever is applicable, which are required to be reported to 
the Secretary of the Senate with respect to such period under section 
304(c).
    ``(3)(A) If the contributions received by the candidate or the 
candidate's authorized committees for the primary election or runoff 
election exceed the expenditures for either such election, such excess 
contributions shall be treated as contributions for the general 
election and expenditures for the general election may be made from 
such excess contributions.
    ``(B) Subparagraph (A) shall not apply to the extent that such 
treatment of excess contributions--
            ``(i) would result in the violation of any limitation under 
        section 315; or
            ``(ii) would cause the aggregate contributions received for 
        the general election to exceed the limits under subsection 
        (c)(1)(D)(iii).
    ``(e) Threshold Contribution Requirements.--(1) The requirements of 
this subsection are met if the candidate and the candidate's authorized 
committees have received allowable contributions during the applicable 
period in an amount at least equal to the lesser of--
            ``(A) 10 percent of the general election expenditure limit 
        under section 502(b); or
            ``(B) $250,000.
    ``(2) For purposes of this section and section 503(b)--
            ``(A) The term `allowable contributions' means 
        contributions which are made as gifts of money by an individual 
        pursuant to a written instrument identifying such individual as 
        the contributor.
            ``(B) The term `allowable contributions' shall not 
        include--
                    ``(i) contributions made directly or indirectly 
                through an intermediary or conduit which are treated as 
                made by such intermediary or conduit under section 
                315(a)(8)(B);
                    ``(ii) contributions from any individual during the 
                applicable period to the extent such contributions 
                exceed $250; or
                    ``(iii) contributions from individuals residing 
                outside the candidate's State to the extent such 
                contributions exceed 50 percent of the aggregate 
                allowable contributions (without regard to this clause) 
                received by the candidate during the applicable period.
        Clauses (ii) and (iii) shall not apply for purposes of section 
        503(b).
    ``(3) For purposes of this subsection and section 503(b), the term 
`applicable period' means--
            ``(A) the period beginning on January 1 of the calendar 
        year preceding the calendar year of the general election 
        involved and ending on--
                    ``(i) the date on which the certification under 
                subsection (c) is filed by the candidate; or
                    ``(ii) for purposes of section 503(b), the date of 
                such general election; or
            ``(B) in the case of a special election for the office of 
        United States Senator, the period beginning on the date the 
        vacancy in such office occurs and ending on the date of the 
        general election involved.
    ``(f) Multicandidate Political Committee Contribution Limits.--The 
requirements of this subsection are met if the candidate and the 
candidate's authorized committees have accepted contributions from 
multicandidate political committees contributions that do not exceed--
            ``(1) during the primary election period, an amount equal 
        to 20 percent of the primary election spending limit under 
        subsection (d)(1)(A); and
            ``(2) during the runoff election period, an amount equal to 
        20 percent of the runoff election spending limit under 
        subsection (d)(1)(B).
    ``(g) Indexing.--The $2,750,000 amount under subsection (d)(1) 
shall be increased as of the beginning of each calendar year based on 
the increase in the price index determined under section 315(c), except 
that, for purposes of subsection (d)(1), the base period shall be 
calendar year 1992.

``SEC. 502. LIMITATIONS ON EXPENDITURES.

    ``(a) Limitation on Use of Personal Funds.--(1) The aggregate 
amount of expenditures which may be made during an election cycle by an 
eligible Senate candidate or such candidate's authorized committees 
from the sources described in paragraph (2) shall not exceed the lesser 
of--
            ``(A) 10 percent of the general election expenditure limit 
        under subsection (b); or
            ``(B) $250,000.
    ``(2) A source is described in this paragraph if it is--
            ``(A) personal funds of the candidate and members of the 
        candidate's immediate family; or
            ``(B) personal debt incurred by the candidate and members 
        of the candidate's immediate family.
    ``(b) General Election Expenditure Limit.--(1) Except as otherwise 
provided in this title, the aggregate amount of expenditures for a 
general election by an eligible Senate candidate and the candidate's 
authorized committees shall not exceed the lesser of--
            ``(A) $5,500,000; or
            ``(B) the greater of--
                    ``(i) $950,000; or
                    ``(ii) $400,000; plus
                            ``(I) 30 cents multiplied by the voting age 
                        population not in excess of 4,000,000; and
                            ``(II) 25 cents multiplied by the voting 
                        age population in excess of 4,000,000.
    ``(2) In the case of an eligible Senate candidate in a State which 
has no more than 1 transmitter for a commercial Very High Frequency 
(VHF) television station licensed to operate in that State, paragraph 
(1)(B)(ii) shall be applied by substituting--
            ``(A) `80 cents' for `30 cents' in subclause (I); and
            ``(B) `70 cents' for `25 cents' in subclause (II).
    ``(3) The amount otherwise determined under paragraph (1) for any 
calendar year shall be increased by the same percentage as the 
percentage increase for such calendar year under section 501(f) 
(relating to indexing).
    ``(c) Legal and Accounting Compliance Fund.--(1) The limitation 
under subsection (b) shall not apply to qualified legal and accounting 
expenditures made by a candidate or the candidate's authorized 
committees or a Federal officeholder from a legal and accounting 
compliance fund meeting the requirements of paragraph (2).
    ``(2) A legal and accounting compliance fund meets the requirements 
of this paragraph if--
            ``(A) the only amounts transferred to the fund are amounts 
        received in accordance with the limitations, prohibitions, and 
        reporting requirements of this Act;
            ``(B) the aggregate amounts transferred to, and 
        expenditures made from, the fund do not exceed the sum of--
                    ``(i) the lesser of--
                            ``(I) 15 percent of the general election 
                        expenditure limit under subsection (b) for the 
                        general election for which the fund was 
                        established; or
                            ``(II) $300,000; plus
                    ``(ii) the amount determined under paragraph (4); 
                and
            ``(C) no funds received by the candidate pursuant to 
        section 503(a)(3) may be transferred to the fund.
    ``(3) For purposes of this subsection, the term `qualified legal 
and accounting expenditures' means the following:
            ``(A) Any expenditures for costs of legal and accounting 
        services provided in connection with--
                    ``(i) any administrative or court proceeding 
                initiated pursuant to this Act during the election 
                cycle for such general election; or
                    ``(ii) the preparation of any documents or reports 
                required by this Act or the Commission.
            ``(B) Any expenditures for legal and accounting services 
        provided in connection with the general election for which the 
        legal and accounting compliance fund was established to ensure 
        compliance with this Act with respect to the election cycle for 
        such general election.
    ``(4)(A) If, after a general election, a candidate determines that 
the qualified legal and accounting expenditures will exceed the 
limitation under paragraph (2)(B)(i), the candidate may petition the 
Commission by filing with the Secretary of the Senate a request for an 
increase in such limitation. The Commission shall authorize an increase 
in such limitation in the amount (if any) by which the Commission 
determines the qualified legal and accounting expenditures exceed such 
limitation. Such determination shall be subject to judicial review 
under section 506.
    ``(B) Except as provided in section 315, any contribution received 
or expenditure made pursuant to this paragraph shall not be taken into 
account for any contribution or expenditure limit applicable to the 
candidate under this title.
    ``(5) Any funds in a legal and accounting compliance fund shall be 
treated for purposes of this Act as a separate segregated fund, except 
that any portion of the fund not used to pay qualified legal and 
accounting expenditures, and not transferred to a legal and accounting 
compliance fund for the election cycle for the next general election, 
shall be treated in the same manner as other campaign funds.
    ``(d) Payment of Taxes.--The limitation under subsection (b) shall 
not apply to any expenditure for Federal, State, or local taxes with 
respect to a candidate's authorized committees.
    ``(e) Expenditures.--For purposes of this title, the term 
`expenditure' has the meaning given such term by section 301(9), except 
that in determining any expenditures made by, or on behalf of, a 
candidate or a candidate's authorized committees, section 301(9)(B) 
shall be applied without regard to clause (ii) or (vi) thereof.

``SEC. 503. BENEFITS ELIGIBLE CANDIDATE ENTITLED TO RECEIVE.

    ``(a) In General.--An eligible Senate candidate shall be entitled 
to--
            ``(1) the broadcast media rates provided under section 
        315(b) of the Communications Act of 1934;
            ``(2) the mailing rates provided in section 3626(e) of 
        title 39, United States Code;
            ``(3) payments in the amounts determined under subsection 
        (b); and
            ``(4) voter communication vouchers in the amount determined 
        under subsection (c).
    ``(b) Amount of Payments.--(1) For purposes of subsection (a)(3), 
the amounts determined under this subsection are--
            ``(A) the public financing amount;
            ``(B) the independent expenditure amount; and
            ``(C) in the case of an eligible Senate candidate who has 
        an opponent in the general election who receives contributions, 
        or makes (or obligates to make) expenditures, for such election 
        in excess of the general election expenditure limit under 
        section 502(b), the excess expenditure amount.
    ``(2) For purposes of paragraph (1), the public financing amount 
is--
            ``(A) in the case of an eligible candidate who is a major 
        party candidate and who has met the threshold requirement of 
        section 501(e)--
                    ``(i) during the primary election period, an amount 
                equal to the amount of contributions received during 
                that period from individuals residing in the 
                candidate's State in the aggregate amount of $250 or 
                less, up to 50 percent of the primary election spending 
                limit under section 501(d)(1)(A), reduced by the 
                threshold requirement under section 501(e);
                    ``(ii) during the runoff election period, an amount 
                equal to the amount of contributions received during 
                that period from individuals residing in the 
                candidate's State in the aggregate amount of $250 or 
                less, up to 10 percent of the general election spending 
                limit under section 501(d)(1)(B); and
                    ``(iii) during the general election period, an 
                amount equal to the general election expenditure limit 
                applicable to the candidate under section 502(b) 
                (without regard to paragraph (4) thereof) reduced by 
                the amount of voter communication vouchers issued to 
                the eligible candidate; and
            ``(B) in the case of an eligible candidate who is not a 
        major party candidate and who has met the threshold requirement 
        of section 501(e)--
                    ``(i) during the primary election period, an amount 
                equal to the amount of contributions received during 
                that period from individuals residing in the 
                candidate's State in the aggregate amount of $250 or 
                less, up to 50 percent of the primary election spending 
                limit under section 501(d)(1)(A), reduced by the 
                threshold requirement under section 501(e);
                    ``(ii) during the runoff election period, an amount 
                equal to the amount of contributions received during 
                that period from individuals residing in the 
                candidate's State in the aggregate amount of $250 or 
                less, up to 10 percent of the general election spending 
                limit under section 501(d)(1)(B); and
                    ``(iii) during the general election period, an 
                amount equal to the amount of contributions received 
                during that period from individuals residing in the 
                candidate's State in the aggregate amount of $250 or 
                less, up to 50 percent of the general election spending 
                limit under section 502(b).
    ``(3) For purposes of paragraph (1), the independent expenditure 
amount is the total amount of independent expenditures made, or 
obligated to be made, during the general election period by 1 or more 
persons in opposition to, or on behalf of an opponent of, an eligible 
Senate candidate which are required to be reported by such persons 
under section 304(c) with respect to the general election period and 
are certified by the Commission under section 304(c).
    ``(4) For purposes of paragraph (1), the excess expenditure amount 
is the amount determined as follows:
            ``(A) In the case of a major party candidate, an amount 
        equal to the sum of--
                    ``(i) if the excess described in paragraph (1)(C) 
                is not greater than 133\1/3\ percent of the general 
                election expenditure limit under section 502(b), an 
                amount equal to one-third of such limit applicable to 
                the eligible Senate candidate for the election; plus
                    ``(ii) if such excess equals or exceeds 133\1/3\ 
                percent but is less than 166\2/3\ percent of such 
                limit, an amount equal to one-third of such limit; plus
                    ``(iii) if such excess equals or exceeds 166\2/3\ 
                percent of such limit, an amount equal to one-third of 
                such limit.
            ``(B) In the case of an eligible Senate candidate who is 
        not a major party candidate, an amount equal to the amount of 
        contributions received during that period from individuals 
        residing in the candidate's State in the aggregate amount of 
        $250 or less, up to 50 percent of the general election spending 
        limit under section 502(b).
    ``(c) Voter Communication Vouchers.--(1) The aggregate amount of 
voter communication vouchers issued to an eligible Senate candidate 
during a general election period shall be equal to 50 percent of the 
general election expenditure limit under section 502(b) (25 percent of 
such limit if such candidate is not a major party candidate).
    ``(2) Voter communication vouchers shall be used by an eligible 
Senate candidate to purchase broadcast time during the general election 
period in the same manner as other broadcast time may be purchased by 
the candidate.
    ``(d) Waiver of Expenditure and Contribution Limits.--(1) An 
eligible Senate candidate who receives payments under subsection (a)(3) 
which are allocable to the independent expenditure or excess 
expenditure amounts described in paragraphs (3) and (4) of subsection 
(b) may make expenditures from such payments to defray expenditures for 
the general election without regard to the general election expenditure 
limit under section 502(b).
    ``(2)(A) An eligible Senate candidate who receives benefits under 
this section may make expenditures for the general election without 
regard to clause (i) of section 501(c)(1)(D) or subsection (a) or (b) 
of section 502 if any one of the eligible Senate candidate's opponents 
who is not an eligible Senate candidate either raises aggregate 
contributions, or makes or becomes obligated to make aggregate 
expenditures, for the general election that exceed 200 percent of the 
general election expenditure limit applicable to the eligible Senate 
candidate under section 502(b).
    ``(B) The amount of the expenditures which may be made by reason of 
subparagraph (A) shall not exceed 100 percent of the general election 
expenditure limit under section 502(b).
    ``(3)(A) A candidate who receives benefits under this section may 
receive contributions for the general election without regard to clause 
(iii) of section 501(c)(1)(D) if--
            ``(i) a major party candidate in the same general election 
        is not an eligible Senate candidate; or
            ``(ii) any other candidate in the same general election who 
        is not an eligible Senate candidate raises aggregate 
        contributions, or makes or becomes obligated to make aggregate 
        expenditures, for the general election that exceed 75 percent 
        of the general election expenditure limit applicable to such 
        other candidate under section 502(b).
    ``(B) The amount of contributions which may be received by reason 
of subparagraph (A) shall not exceed 100 percent of the general 
election expenditure limit under section 502(b).
    ``(e) Use of Payments.--Payments received by a candidate under 
subsection (a)(3) shall be used to defray expenditures incurred with 
respect to the general election period for the candidate. Such payments 
shall not be used--
            ``(1) except as provided in paragraph (4), to make any 
        payments, directly or indirectly, to such candidate or to any 
        member of the immediate family of such candidate;
            ``(2) to make any expenditure other than expenditures to 
        further the general election of such candidate;
            ``(3) to make any expenditures which constitute a violation 
        of any law of the United States or of the State in which the 
        expenditure is made; or
            ``(4) subject to the provisions of section 315(k), to repay 
        any loan to any person except to the extent the proceeds of 
        such loan were used to further the general election of such 
        candidate.

``SEC. 504. CERTIFICATION BY COMMISSION.

    ``(a) In General.--(1) The Commission shall certify to any 
candidate meeting the requirements of section 501 that such candidate 
is an eligible Senate candidate entitled to benefits under this title. 
The Commission shall revoke such certification if it determines a 
candidate fails to continue to meet such requirements.
    ``(2) No later than 48 hours after an eligible Senate candidate 
files a request with the Secretary of the Senate to receive benefits 
under section 501, the Commission shall issue a certification stating 
whether such candidate is eligible for payments under this title or to 
receive voter communication vouchers and the amount of such payments or 
vouchers to which such candidate is entitled. The request referred to 
in the preceding sentence shall contain--
            ``(A) such information and be made in accordance with such 
        procedures as the Commission may provide by regulation; and
            ``(B) a verification signed by the candidate and the 
        treasurer of the principal campaign committee of such candidate 
        stating that the information furnished in support of the 
        request, to the best of their knowledge, is correct and fully 
        satisfies the requirements of this title.
    ``(b) Determinations by Commission.--All determinations (including 
certifications under subsection (a)) made by the Commission under this 
title shall be final and conclusive, except to the extent that they are 
subject to examination and audit by the Commission under section 505 
and judicial review under section 506.

``SEC. 505. EXAMINATION AND AUDITS; REPAYMENTS; CIVIL PENALTIES.

    ``(a) Examination and Audits.--(1) After each general election, the 
Commission shall conduct an examination and audit of the campaign 
accounts of 10 percent of all candidates for the office of United 
States Senator to determine, among other things, whether such 
candidates have complied with the expenditure limits and conditions of 
eligibility of this title, and other requirements of this Act. Such 
candidates shall be designated by the Commission through the use of an 
appropriate statistical method of random selection. If the Commission 
selects a candidate, the Commission shall examine and audit the 
campaign accounts of all other candidates in the general election for 
the office the selected candidate is seeking.
    ``(2) The Commission may conduct an examination and audit of the 
campaign accounts of any candidate in a general election for the office 
of United States Senator if the Commission determines that there exists 
reason to believe that such candidate may have violated any provision 
of this title.
    ``(b) Excess Payments; Revocation of Status.--(1) If the Commission 
determines that payments or vouchers were made to an eligible Senate 
candidate under this title in excess of the aggregate amounts to which 
such candidate was entitled, the Commission shall so notify such 
candidate, and such candidate shall pay an amount equal to the excess.
    ``(2) If the Commission revokes the certification of a candidate as 
an eligible Senate candidate under section 504(a)(1), the Commission 
shall notify the candidate, and the candidate shall pay an amount equal 
to the payments and vouchers received under this title.
    ``(c) Misuse of Benefits.--If the Commission determines that any 
amount of any benefit made available to an eligible Senate candidate 
under this title was not used as provided for in this title, the 
Commission shall so notify such candidate and such candidate shall pay 
the amount of such benefit.
    ``(d) Excess Expenditures.--If the Commission determines that any 
eligible Senate candidate who has received benefits under this title 
has made expenditures which in the aggregate exceed--
            ``(1) the primary or runoff expenditure limit under section 
        501(d); or
            ``(2) the general election expenditure limit under section 
        502(b),
the Commission shall so notify such candidate and such candidate shall 
pay an amount equal to the amount of the excess expenditures.
    ``(e) Civil Penalties for Excess Expenditures and Contributions.--
(1) If the Commission determines that a candidate has committed a 
violation described in subsection (c), the Commission may assess a 
civil penalty against such candidate in an amount not greater than 200 
percent of the amount involved.
    ``(2)(A) Low Amount of Excess Expenditures.--Any eligible Senate 
candidate who makes expenditures that exceed any limitation described 
in paragraph (1) or (2) of subsection (d) by 2.5 percent or less shall 
pay an amount equal to the amount of the excess expenditures.
    ``(B) Medium Amount of Excess Expenditures.--Any eligible Senate 
candidate who makes expenditures that exceed any limitation described 
in paragraph (1) or (2) of subsection (d) by more than 2.5 percent and 
less than 5 percent shall pay an amount equal to three times the amount 
of the excess expenditures.
    ``(C) Large Amount of Excess Expenditures.--Any eligible Senate 
candidate who makes expenditures that exceed any limitation described 
in paragraph (1) or (2) of subsection (d) by 5 percent or more shall 
pay an amount equal to three times the amount of the excess 
expenditures plus a civil penalty in an amount determined by the 
Commission.
    ``(f) Unexpended Funds.--Any amount received by an eligible Senate 
candidate under this title may be retained for a period not exceeding 
120 days after the date of the general election for the liquidation of 
all obligations to pay expenditures for the general election incurred 
during the general election period. At the end of such 120-day period, 
any unexpended funds received under this title shall be promptly 
repaid.
    ``(g) Limit on Period for Notification.--No notification shall be 
made by the Commission under this section with respect to an election 
more than three years after the date of such election.
    ``(h) Deposits.--The Secretary shall deposit all payments received 
under this section into the Senate Election Campaign Fund.

``SEC. 506. JUDICIAL REVIEW.

    ``(a) Judicial Review.--Any agency action by the Commission made 
under the provisions of this title shall be subject to review by the 
United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit 
upon petition filed in such court within thirty days after the agency 
action by the Commission for which review is sought. It shall be the 
duty of the Court of Appeals, ahead of all matters not filed under this 
title, to advance on the docket and expeditiously take action on all 
petitions filed pursuant to this title.
    ``(b) Application of Title 5.--The provisions of chapter 7 of title 
5, United States Code, shall apply to judicial review of any agency 
action by the Commission.
    ``(c) Agency Action.--For purposes of this section, the term 
`agency action' has the meaning given such term by section 551(13) of 
title 5, United States Code.

``SEC. 507. PARTICIPATION BY COMMISSION IN JUDICIAL PROCEEDINGS.

    ``(a) Appearances.--The Commission is authorized to appear in and 
defend against any action instituted under this section and under 
section 506 either by attorneys employed in its office or by counsel 
whom it may appoint without regard to the provisions of title 5, United 
States Code, governing appointments in the competitive service, and 
whose compensation it may fix without regard to the provisions of 
chapter 51 and subchapter III of chapter 53 of such title.
    ``(b) Institution of Actions.--The Commission is authorized, 
through attorneys and counsel described in subsection (a), to institute 
actions in the district courts of the United States to seek recovery of 
any amounts determined under this title to be payable to the Secretary.
    ``(c) Injunctive Relief.--The Commission is authorized, through 
attorneys and counsel described in subsection (a), to petition the 
courts of the United States for such injunctive relief as is 
appropriate in order to implement any provision of this title.
    ``(d) Appeals.--The Commission is authorized on behalf of the 
United States to appeal from, and to petition the Supreme Court for 
certiorari to review, judgments or decrees entered with respect to 
actions in which it appears pursuant to the authority provided in this 
section.

``SEC. 508. REPORTS TO CONGRESS; REGULATIONS.

    ``(a) Reports.--The Commission shall, as soon as practicable after 
each election, submit a full report to the Senate setting forth--
            ``(1) the expenditures (shown in such detail as the 
        Commission determines appropriate) made by each eligible Senate 
        candidate and the authorized committees of such candidate;
            ``(2) the amounts certified by the Commission under section 
        504 as benefits available to each eligible Senate candidate;
            ``(3) the amount of repayments, if any, required under 
        section 505 and the reasons for each repayment required; and
            ``(4) the balance in the Senate Election Campaign Fund, and 
        the balance in any account maintained by the Fund.
Each report submitted pursuant to this section shall be printed as a 
Senate document.
    ``(b) Rules and Regulations.--The Commission is authorized to 
prescribe such rules and regulations, in accordance with the provisions 
of subsection (c), to conduct such examinations and investigations, and 
to require the keeping and submission of such books, records, and 
information, as it deems necessary to carry out the functions and 
duties imposed on it by this title.
    ``(c) Statement to Senate.--Thirty days before prescribing any 
rules or regulation under subsection (b), the Commission shall transmit 
to the Senate a statement setting forth the proposed rule or regulation 
and containing a detailed explanation and justification of such rule or 
regulation.

``SEC. 509. PAYMENTS RELATING TO ELIGIBLE CANDIDATES.

    ``(a) Establishment of Campaign Fund.--(1) There is established on 
the books of the Treasury of the United States a special fund to be 
known as the `Senate Election Campaign Fund'.
    ``(2)(A) There are appropriated to the Fund for each fiscal year, 
out of amounts in the general fund of the Treasury not otherwise 
appropriated, amounts equal to--
            ``(i) any contributions by persons which are specifically 
        designated as being made to the Fund;
            ``(ii) amounts collected under section 505(h); and
            ``(iii) any other amounts that may be appropriated to or 
        deposited into the Fund under this title.
    ``(B) The Secretary of the Treasury shall, from time to time, 
transfer to the Fund an amount not in excess of the amounts described 
in subparagraph (A).
    ``(C) Amounts in the Fund shall remain available without fiscal 
year limitation.
    ``(3) Amounts in the Fund shall be available only for the purposes 
of--
            ``(A) making payments required under this title; and
            ``(B) making expenditures in connection with the 
        administration of the Fund.
    ``(4) The Secretary shall maintain such accounts in the Fund as may 
be required by this title or which the Secretary determines to be 
necessary to carry out the provisions of this title.
    ``(b) Payments Upon Certification.--Upon receipt of a certification 
from the Commission under section 504, except as provided in subsection 
(d), the Secretary shall promptly pay the amount certified by the 
Commission to the candidate out of the Senate Election Campaign Fund.
    ``(c) Vouchers.--(1) Upon receipt of a certification from the 
Commission under section 504, except as provided in subsection (d), the 
Secretary of the Treasury shall issue to an eligible candidate the 
amount of voter communication vouchers specified in such certification.
    ``(2) Upon receipt of a voter communication voucher from a licensee 
providing broadcast time to an eligible candidate, the Secretary of the 
Treasury shall pay to such licensee from the Senate Election Campaign 
Fund the face value of such voucher.
    ``(d) Reductions in Payments if Funds Insufficient.--(1) If, at the 
time of a certification by the Commission under section 504 for 
payment, or issuance or a voucher, to an eligible candidate, the 
Secretary determines that the monies in the Senate Election Campaign 
Fund are not, or may not be, sufficient to satisfy the full entitlement 
of all eligible candidates, the Secretary shall withhold from the 
amount of such payment or voucher such amount as the Secretary 
determines to be necessary to assure that each eligible candidate will 
receive the same pro rata share of such candidate's full entitlement.
    ``(2) Amounts and vouchers withheld under subparagraph (A) shall be 
paid when the Secretary determines that there are sufficient monies in 
the Fund to pay all, or a portion thereof, to all eligible candidates 
from whom amounts have been withheld, except that if only a portion is 
to be paid, it shall be paid in such manner that each eligible 
candidate receives an equal pro rata share of such portion.
    ``(3)(A) Not later than December 31 of any calendar year preceding 
a calendar year in which there is a regularly scheduled general 
election, the Secretary, after consultation with the Commission, shall 
make an estimate of--
            ``(i) the amount of monies in the fund which will be 
        available to make payments required by this title in the 
        succeeding calendar year; and
            ``(ii) the amount of payments which will be required under 
        this title in such calendar year.
    ``(B) If the Secretary determines that there will be insufficient 
monies in the fund to make the payments required by this title for any 
calendar year, the Secretary shall notify each candidate on January 1 
of such calendar year (or, if later, the date on which an individual 
becomes a candidate) of the amount which the Secretary estimates will 
be the pro rata reduction in each eligible candidate's payments 
(including vouchers) under this subsection. Such notice shall be by 
registered mail.
    ``(C) The amount of the eligible candidate's contribution limit 
under section 501(c)(1)(D)(iii) shall be increased by the amount of the 
estimated pro rata reduction.
    ``(4) The Secretary shall notify the Commission and each eligible 
candidate by registered mail of any actual reduction in the amount of 
any payment by reason of this subsection. If the amount of the 
reduction exceeds the amount estimated under paragraph (3), the 
candidate's contribution limit under section 501(c)(1)(D)(iii) shall be 
increased by the amount of such excess.''.
    (b) Effective Dates.--(1) Except as provided in this subsection, 
the amendment made by subsection (a) shall apply to elections occurring 
after December 31, 1993.
    (2) For purposes of any expenditure or contribution limit imposed 
by the amendment made by subsection (a)--
            (A) no expenditure made before January 1, 1994, shall be 
        taken into account, except that there shall be taken into 
        account any such expenditure for goods or services to be 
        provided after such date; and
            (B) all cash, cash items, and Government securities on hand 
        as of January 1, 1994, shall be taken into account in 
        determining whether the contribution limit is met, except that 
        there shall not be taken into account amounts used during the 
        60-day period beginning on January 1, 1994, to pay for 
        expenditures which were incurred (but unpaid) before such date.
    (c) Effect of Invalidity on Other Provisions of Act.--If section 
501, 502, or 503 of title V of FECA (as added by this section), or any 
part thereof, is held to be invalid, all provisions of, and amendments 
made by, this Act shall be treated as invalid.

SEC. 102. RESTRICTIONS ON ACTIVITIES OF POLITICAL ACTION AND CANDIDATE 
              COMMITTEES IN FEDERAL ELECTIONS.

    (a) Contributions.--Section 315 of FECA (2 U.S.C. 441a) is amended 
by adding at the end the following new subsection:
    ``(i) Contributions by Political Action Committees to Senate 
Candidates.--(1) In the case of a candidate for election, or nomination 
for election, to the United States Senate (and such candidate's 
authorized committees), subsection (a)(2)(A) shall be applied by 
substituting `$1,000' for `$5,000'''.
    ``(2) It shall be unlawful for a multicandidate political committee 
to make a contribution to a candidate for election, or nomination for 
election, to the United States Senate (or an authorized committee) to 
the extent that the making of the contribution will cause the amount of 
contributions received by the candidate and the candidate's authorized 
committees from multicandidate political committees to exceed the 
lesser of--
            ``(A) $825,000; or
            ``(B) the greater of--
                    ``(i) $375,000; or
                    ``(ii) 20 percent of the sum of the general 
                election spending limit under section 502(b) plus the 
                primary election spending limit under section 
                501(d)(1)(A) (without regard to whether the candidate 
                is an eligible Senate candidate).
    ``(3) In the case of an election cycle in which there is a runoff 
election, the limit determined under paragraph (2) shall be increased 
by an amount equal to 20 percent of the runoff election expenditure 
limit under section 501(d)(1)(B) (without regard to whether the 
candidate is such an eligible Senate candidate).
    ``(4) The $825,000 and $375,000 amounts in paragraph (2) shall be 
increased as of the beginning of each calendar year based on the 
increase in the price index determined under section 315(c), except 
that for purposes of paragraph (2), the base period shall be calendar 
year 1992.
    ``(5) A candidate or authorized committee that receives a 
contribution from a multicandidate political committee in excess of the 
amount allowed under paragraph (2) shall return the amount of such 
excess contribution to the contributor.''.

SEC. 103. REPORTING REQUIREMENTS.

    Title III of FECA is amended by adding after section 304 the 
following new section:

             ``reporting requirements for senate candidates

    ``Sec. 304A. (a) Candidate Other Than Eligible Senate Candidate.--
(1) Each candidate for the office of United States Senator who does not 
file a certification with the Secretary of the Senate under section 
501(c) shall file with the Secretary of the Senate a declaration as to 
whether such candidate intends to make expenditures for the general 
election in excess of the general election expenditure limit applicable 
to an eligible Senate candidate under section 502(b). Such declaration 
shall be filed at the time provided in section 501(c)(2).
    ``(2) Any candidate for the United States Senate who qualifies for 
the ballot for a general election--
            ``(A) who is not an eligible Senate candidate under section 
        501; and
            ``(B) who either raises aggregate contributions, or makes 
        or obligates to make aggregate expenditures, for the general 
        election which exceed 75 percent of the general election 
        expenditure limit applicable to an eligible Senate candidate 
        under section 502(b),

shall file a report with the Secretary of the Senate within 24 hours 
after such contributions have been raised or such expenditures have 
been made or obligated to be made (or, if later, within 24 hours after 
the date of qualification for the general election ballot), setting 
forth the candidate's total contributions and total expenditures for 
such election as of such date. Thereafter, such candidate shall file 
additional reports (until such contributions or expenditures exceed 200 
percent of such limit) with the Secretary of the Senate within 24 hours 
after each time additional contributions are raised, or expenditures 
are made or are obligated to be made, which in the aggregate exceed an 
amount equal to 10 percent of such limit and after the total 
contributions or expenditures exceed 133\1/3\, 166\2/3\, and 200 
percent of such limit.
    ``(3) The Commission--
            ``(A) shall, within 24 hours of receipt of a declaration or 
        report under paragraph (1) or (2), notify each eligible Senate 
        candidate in the election involved about such declaration or 
        report; and
            ``(B) if an opposing candidate has raised aggregate 
        contributions, or made or has obligated to make aggregate 
        expenditures, in excess of the applicable general election 
        expenditure limit under section 502(b), shall certify, pursuant 
        to the provisions of subsection (d), such eligibility for 
        payment of any amount to which such eligible Senate candidate 
        is entitled under section 503(a).
    ``(4) Notwithstanding the reporting requirements under this 
subsection, the Commission may make its own determination that a 
candidate in a general election who is not an eligible Senate candidate 
has raised aggregate contributions, or made or has obligated to make 
aggregate expenditures, in the amounts which would require a report 
under paragraph (2). The Commission shall, within 24 hours after making 
each such determination, notify each eligible Senate candidate in the 
general election involved about such determination, and shall, when 
such contributions or expenditures exceed the general election 
expenditure limit under section 502(b), certify (pursuant to the 
provisions of subsection (d)) such candidate's eligibility for payment 
of any amount under section 503(a).
    ``(b) Reports on Personal Funds.--(1) Any candidate for the United 
States Senate who during the election cycle expends more than the 
limitation under section 502(a) during the election cycle from his 
personal funds, the funds of his immediate family, and personal loans 
incurred by the candidate and the candidate's immediate family shall 
file a report with the Secretary of the Senate within 24 hours after 
such expenditures have been made or loans incurred.
    ``(2) The Commission within 24 hours after a report has been filed 
under paragraph (1) shall notify each eligible Senate candidate in the 
election involved about each such report.
    ``(3) Notwithstanding the reporting requirements under this 
subsection, the Commission may make its own determination that a 
candidate for the United States Senate has made expenditures in excess 
of the amount under paragraph (1). The Commission within 24 hours after 
making such determination shall notify each eligible Senate candidate 
in the general election involved about each such determination.
    ``(c) Candidates for Other Offices.--(1) Each individual--
            ``(A) who becomes a candidate for the office of United 
        States Senator;
            ``(B) who, during the election cycle for such office, held 
        any other Federal, State, or local office or was a candidate 
        for such other office; and
            ``(C) who expended any amount during such election cycle 
        before becoming a candidate for the office of United States 
        Senator which would have been treated as an expenditure if such 
        individual had been such a candidate, including amounts for 
        activities to promote the image or name recognition of such 
        individual,
shall, within 7 days of becoming a candidate for the office of United 
States Senator, report to the Secretary of the Senate the amount and 
nature of such expenditures.
    ``(2) Paragraph (1) shall not apply to any expenditures in 
connection with a Federal, State, or local election which has been held 
before the individual becomes a candidate for the office of United 
States Senator.
    ``(3) The Commission shall, as soon as practicable, make a 
determination as to whether the amounts included in the report under 
paragraph (1) were made for purposes of influencing the election of the 
individual to the office of United States Senator.
    ``(d) Certifications.--Notwithstanding section 505(a), the 
certification required by this section shall be made by the Commission 
on the basis of reports filed in accordance with the provisions of this 
Act, or on the basis of such Commission's own investigation or 
determination.
    ``(e) Copies of Reports and Public Inspection.--The Secretary of 
the Senate shall transmit a copy of any report or filing received under 
this section or of title V (whenever a 24-hour response is required of 
the Commission) as soon as possible (but no later than 4 working hours 
of the Commission) after receipt of such report or filing, and shall 
make such report or filing available for public inspection and copying 
in the same manner as the Commission under section 311(a)(4), and shall 
preserve such reports and filings in the same manner as the Commission 
under section 311(a)(5).
    ``(f) Definitions.--For purposes of this section, any term used in 
this section which is used in title V shall have the same meaning as 
when used in title V.''.

SEC. 104. DISCLOSURE BY NONELIGIBLE CANDIDATES.

    Section 318 of FECA (2 U.S.C. 441d), as amended by section 133, is 
amended by adding at the end thereof the following:
    ``(e) If a broadcast, cablecast, or other communication is paid for 
or authorized by a candidate in the general election for the office of 
United States Senator who is not an eligible Senate candidate, or the 
authorized committee of such candidate, such communication shall 
contain the following sentence: `This candidate has not agreed to 
voluntary campaign spending limits.'.''.

                     Subtitle B--General Provisions

SEC. 131. BROADCAST RATES AND PREEMPTION.

    (a) Broadcast Rates.--Section 315(b) of the Communications Act of 
1934 (47 U.S.C. 315(b)) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (1)--
                    (A) by striking out ``forty-five'' and inserting in 
                lieu thereof ``30'';
                    (B) by striking out ``sixty'' and inserting in lieu 
                thereof ``45''; and
                    (C) by striking out ``lowest unit charge of the 
                station for the same class and amount of time for the 
                same period'' and insert ``lowest charge of the station 
                for the same amount of time for the same period on the 
                same date''; and
            (2) by adding at the end the following new sentence:
``In the case of an eligible Senate candidate (as defined in section 
301(19) of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971), the charges 
during the general election period (as defined in section 301(21) of 
such Act) shall not exceed 50 percent of the lowest charge described in 
paragraph (1).''.
    (b) Preemption; Access.--Section 315 of such Act (47 U.S.C. 315) is 
amended by redesignating subsections (c) and (d) as subsections (e) and 
(f), respectively, and by inserting immediately after subsection (b) 
the following new subsection:
    ``(c)(1) Except as provided in paragraph (2), a licensee shall not 
preempt the use, during any period specified in subsection (b)(1), of a 
broadcasting station by a legally qualified candidate for public office 
who has purchased and paid for such use pursuant to the provisions of 
subsection (b)(1).
    ``(2) If a program to be broadcast by a broadcasting station is 
preempted because of circumstances beyond the control of the 
broadcasting station, any candidate advertising spot scheduled to be 
broadcast during that program may also be preempted.
    ``(d) In the case of a legally qualified candidate for the United 
States Senate, a licensee shall provide broadcast time without regard 
to the rates charged for the time.''.

SEC. 132. EXTENSION OF REDUCED THIRD-CLASS MAILING RATES TO ELIGIBLE 
              SENATE CANDIDATES.

    Section 3626(e) of title 39, United States Code, is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (2)(A)--
                    (A) by striking out ``and the National'' and 
                inserting in lieu thereof ``the National''; and
                    (B) by striking out ``Committee;'' and inserting in 
                lieu thereof ``Committee, and, subject to paragraph 
                (3), the principal campaign committee of an eligible 
                House of Representatives or Senate candidate;'';
            (2) in paragraph (2)(B), by striking out ``and'' after the 
        semicolon;
            (3) in paragraph (2)(C), by striking out the period and 
        inserting in lieu thereof ``; and'';
            (4) by adding after paragraph (2)(C) the following new 
        subparagraph:
            ``(D) The terms `eligible Senate candidate' and `principal 
        campaign committee' have the meanings given those terms in 
        section 301 of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971.''; 
        and
            (5) by adding after paragraph (2) the following new 
        paragraph:
    ``(3) The rate made available under this subsection with respect to 
an eligible Senate candidate shall apply only to--
            ``(A) the general election period (as defined in section 
        301 of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971); and
            ``(B) that number of pieces of mail equal to the number of 
        individuals in the voting age population (as certified under 
        section 315(e) of such Act) of the congressional district or 
        State, whichever is applicable.''.

SEC. 133. REPORTING REQUIREMENTS FOR CERTAIN INDEPENDENT EXPENDITURES.

    Section 304(c) of FECA (2 U.S.C. 434(c)) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (2), by striking out the undesignated 
        matter after subparagraph (C);
            (2) by redesignating paragraph (3) as paragraph (5); and
            (3) by inserting after paragraph (2), as amended by 
        paragraph (1), the following new paragraphs:
    ``(3)(A) Any independent expenditure (including those described in 
subsection (b)(6)(B)(iii) of this section) aggregating $1,000 or more 
made after the 20th day, but more than 24 hours, before any election 
shall be reported within 24 hours after such independent expenditure is 
made.
    ``(B) Any independent expenditure aggregating $10,000 or more made 
at any time up to and including the 20th day before any election shall 
be reported within 48 hours after such independent expenditure is made. 
An additional statement shall be filed each time independent 
expenditures aggregating $10,000 are made with respect to the same 
election as the initial statement filed under this section.
    ``(C) Such statement shall be filed with the Secretary of the 
Senate and the Secretary of State of the State involved and shall 
contain the information required by subsection (b)(6)(B)(iii) of this 
section, including whether the independent expenditure is in support 
of, or in opposition to, the candidate involved. The Secretary of the 
Senate shall as soon as possible (but not later than 4 working hours of 
the Commission) after receipt of a statement transmit it to the 
Commission. Not later than 48 hours after the Commission receives a 
report, the Commission shall transmit a copy of the report to each 
candidate seeking nomination or election to that office.
    ``(D) For purposes of this section, the term `made' includes any 
action taken to incur an obligation for payment.
    ``(4)(A) If any person intends to make independent expenditures 
totaling $5,000 during the 20 days before an election, such person 
shall file a statement no later than the 20th day before the election.
    ``(B) Such statement shall be filed with the Secretary of the 
Senate and the Secretary of State of the State involved, and shall 
identify each candidate whom the expenditure will support or oppose. 
The Secretary of the Senate shall as soon as possible (but not later 
than 4 working hours of the Commission) after receipt of a statement 
transmit it to the Commission. Not later than 48 hours after the 
Commission receives a statement under this paragraph, the Commission 
shall transmit a copy of the statement to each candidate identified.
    ``(5) The Commission may make its own determination that a person 
has made, or has incurred obligations to make, independent expenditures 
with respect to any Federal election which in the aggregate exceed the 
applicable amounts under paragraph (3) or (4). The Commission shall 
notify each candidate in such election of such determination within 24 
hours of making it.
    ``(6) At the same time as a candidate is notified under paragraph 
(3), (4), or (5) with respect to expenditures during a general election 
period, the Commission shall certify eligibility to receive benefits 
under section 504(a) or section 604(b).
    ``(7) The Secretary of the Senate shall make any statement received 
under this subsection available for public inspection and copying in 
the same manner as the Commission under section 311(a)(4), and shall 
preserve such statements in the same manner as the Commission under 
section 311(a)(5).''

SEC. 134. CAMPAIGN ADVERTISING AMENDMENTS.

    Section 318 of FECA (2 U.S.C. 441d) is amended--
            (1) in the matter before paragraph (1) of subsection (a), 
        by striking ``an expenditure'' and inserting ``a 
        disbursement'';
            (2) in the matter before paragraph (1) of subsection (a), 
        by striking ``direct'';
            (3) in paragraph (3) of subsection (a), by inserting after 
        ``name'' the following ``and permanent street address''; and
            (4) by adding at the end the following new subsections:
    ``(c) Any printed communication described in subsection (a) shall 
be--
            ``(1) of sufficient type size to be clearly readable by the 
        recipient of the communication;
            ``(2) contained in a printed box set apart from the other 
        contents of the communication; and
            ``(3) consist of a reasonable degree of color contrast 
        between the background and the printed statement.
    ``(d)(1) Any broadcast or cablecast communication described in 
subsection (a)(1) or subsection (a)(2) shall include, in addition to 
the requirements of those subsections an audio statement by the 
candidate that identifies the candidate and states that the candidate 
has approved the communication.
    ``(2) If a broadcast or cablecast communication described in 
paragraph (1) is broadcast or cablecast by means of television, the 
statement required by paragraph (1) shall--
                    ``(A) appear in a clearly readable manner with a 
                reasonable degree of color contrast between the 
                background and the printed statement, for a period of 
                at least 4 seconds; and
                    ``(B) be accompanied by a clearly identifiable 
                photographic or similar image of the candidate.
    ``(e) Any broadcast or cablecast communication described in 
subsection (a)(3) shall include, in addition to the requirements of 
those subsections, in a clearly spoken manner, the following 
statement--
            `             is responsible for the content of this 
        advertisement.'
with the blank to be filled in with the name of the political committee 
or other person paying for the communication and the name of any 
connected organization of the payor; and, if broadcast or cablecast by 
means of television, shall also appear in a clearly readable manner 
with a reasonable degree of color contrast between the background and 
the printed statement, for a period of at least 4 seconds.''.

SEC. 135. DEFINITIONS.

    (a) In General.--Section 301 of FECA (2 U.S.C. 431) is amended by 
striking paragraph (19) and inserting the following new paragraphs:
    ``(19) The term `eligible Senate candidate' means a candidate who 
is eligible under section 502 to receive benefits under title V.
    ``(20) The term `general election' means any election which will 
directly result in the election of a person to a Federal office, but 
does not include an open primary election.
    ``(21) The term `general election period' means, with respect to 
any candidate, the period beginning on the day after the date of the 
primary or runoff election for the specific office the candidate is 
seeking, whichever is later, and ending on the earlier of--
            ``(A) the date of such general election; or
            ``(B) the date on which the candidate withdraws from the 
        campaign or otherwise ceases actively to seek election.
    ``(22) The term `immediate family' means--
            ``(A) a candidate's spouse;
            ``(B) a child, stepchild, parent, grandparent, brother, 
        half-brother, sister or half-sister of the candidate or the 
        candidate's spouse; and
            ``(C) the spouse of any person described in subparagraph 
        (B).
    ``(23) The term `major party' has the meaning given such term in 
section 9002(6) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, except that if a 
candidate qualified under State law for the ballot in a general 
election in an open primary in which all the candidates for the office 
participated and which resulted in the candidate and at least one other 
candidate qualifying for the ballot in the general election, such 
candidate shall be treated as a candidate of a major party for purposes 
of title V.
    ``(24) The term `primary election' means an election which may 
result in the selection of a candidate for the ballot in a general 
election for a Federal office.
    ``(25) The term `primary election period' means, with respect to 
any candidate, the period beginning on the day following the date of 
the last election for the specific office the candidate is seeking and 
ending on the earlier of--
            ``(A) the date of the first primary election for that 
        office following the last general election for that office; or
            ``(B) the date on which the candidate withdraws from the 
        election or otherwise ceases actively to seek election.
    ``(26) The term `runoff election' means an election held after a 
primary election which is prescribed by applicable State law as the 
means for deciding which candidate will be on the ballot in the general 
election for a Federal office.
    ``(27) The term `runoff election period' means, with respect to any 
candidate, the period beginning on the day following the date of the 
last primary election for the specific office such candidate is seeking 
and ending on the date of the runoff election for such office.
    ``(28) The term `voting age population' means the resident 
population, 18 years of age or older, as certified pursuant to section 
315(e).
    ``(29) The term `election cycle' means--
            ``(A) in the case of a candidate or the authorized 
        committees of a candidate, the term beginning on the day after 
        the date of the most recent general election for the specific 
        office or seat which such candidate seeks and ending on the 
        date of the next general election for such office or seat; or
            ``(B) for all other persons, the term beginning on the 
        first day following the date of the last general election and 
        ending on the date of the next general election.
    ``(30) The terms `Senate Election Campaign Fund' and `Fund' mean 
the Senate Election Campaign Fund established under section 509.
    ``(31) The term `lobbyist' means--
            ``(A) a person required to register under section 308 of 
        the Federal Regulation of Lobbying Act (2 U.S.C. 267) or the 
        Foreign Agents Registration Act of 1938 (22 U.S.C. 611 et 
        seq.); and
            ``(B) a person who receives compensation in return for 
        having contact with Congress on any legislative matter.''.
    (b) Identification.--Section 301(13) of FECA (2 U.S.C. 431(13)) is 
amended by striking ``mailing address'' and inserting ``permanent 
residence address''.

SEC. 136. PROVISIONS RELATING TO FRANKED MASS MAILINGS.

    (a) Mass Mailings of Senators.--Section 3210(a)(6) of title 39, 
United States Code, is amended--
            (1) in subparagraph (A), by striking ``It is the intent of 
        Congress that a Member of, or a Member-elect to, Congress'' and 
        inserting ``A Member of, or Member-elect to, the House''; and
            (2) in subparagraph (C)--
                    (A) by striking ``if such mass mailing is 
                postmarked fewer than 60 days immediately before the 
                date'' and inserting ``if such mass mailing is 
                postmarked during the calendar year''; and
                    (B) by inserting ``or reelection'' immediately 
                before the period.
    (b) Mass Mailings of House Members.--Section 3210 of title 39, 
United States Code, is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a)(7) by striking ``, except that--'' 
        and all that follows through the end of subparagraph (B) and 
        inserting a period; and
            (2)insubsection(d)(1)bystriking``delivery--''
        and all that follows through the end of subparagraph (B) and 
        inserting ``delivery within that area constituting the 
        congressional district or State from which the Member was 
        elected.''.
    (c) Prohibition on Use of Official Funds.--The Committee on House 
Administration of the House of Representatives may not approve any 
payment, nor may a Member of the House of Representatives make any 
expenditure from, any allowance of the House of Representatives or any 
other official funds if any portion of the payment or expenditure is 
for any cost related to a mass mailing by a Member of the House of 
Representatives outside the congressional district of the Member.

                   TITLE II--INDEPENDENT EXPENDITURES

SEC. 201. CLARIFICATION OF DEFINITIONS RELATING TO INDEPENDENT 
              EXPENDITURES.

    (a) Independent Expenditure Definition Amendment.--Section 301 of 
FECA (2 U.S.C. 431) is amended by striking paragraphs (17) and (18) and 
inserting the following:
    ``(17)(A) The term `independent expenditure' means an expenditure 
for an advertisement or other communication that--
            ``(i) contains express advocacy; and
            ``(ii) is made without the participation or cooperation of 
        a candidate or a candidate's representative.
    ``(B) The following shall not be considered an independent 
expenditure:
            ``(i) An expenditure made by a political committee of a 
        political party.
            ``(ii) An expenditure made by a person who, during the 
        election cycle, has communicated with or received information 
        from a candidate or a representative of that candidate 
        regarding activities that have the purpose of influencing that 
        candidate's election to Federal office, where the expenditure 
        is in support of that candidate or in opposition to another 
        candidate for that office.
            ``(iii) An expenditure if there is any arrangement, 
        coordination, or direction with respect to the expenditure 
        between the candidate or the candidate's agent and the person 
        making the expenditure.
            ``(iv) An expenditure if, in the same election cycle, the 
        person making the expenditure is or has been--
                    ``(I) authorized to raise or expend funds on behalf 
                of the candidate or the candidate's authorized 
                committees; or
                    ``(II) serving as a member, employee, or agent of 
                the candidate's authorized committees in an executive 
                or policymaking position.
            ``(v) An expenditure if the person making the expenditure 
        has advised or counseled the candidate or the candidate's 
        agents at any time on the candidate's plans, projects, or needs 
        relating to the candidate's pursuit of nomination for election, 
        or election, to Federal office, in the same election cycle, 
        including any advice relating to the candidate's decision to 
        seek Federal office.
            ``(vi) An expenditure if the person making the expenditure 
        retains the professional services of any individual or other 
        person also providing those services in the same election cycle 
        to the candidate in connection with the candidate's pursuit of 
        nomination for election, or election, to Federal office, 
        including any services relating to the candidate's decision to 
        seek Federal office.
            ``(vii) An expenditure if the person making the expenditure 
        has consulted at any time during the same election cycle about 
        the candidate's plans, projects, or needs relating to the 
        candidate's pursuit of nomination for election, or election, to 
        Federal office, with--
                    ``(I) any officer, director, employee or agent of a 
                party committee that has made or intends to make 
                expenditures or contributions, pursuant to subsections 
                (a), (d), or (h) of section 315 in connection with the 
                candidate's campaign; or
                    ``(II) any person whose professional services have 
                been retained by a political party committee that has 
                made or intends to make expenditures or contributions 
                pursuant to subsections (a), (d), or (h) of section 315 
                in connection with the candidate's campaign.

For purposes of this subparagraph, the person making the expenditure 
shall include any officer, director, employee, or agent of such person.
    ``(18) The term `express advocacy' means, when a communication is 
taken as a whole, an expression of support for or opposition to a 
specific candidate, to a specific group of candidates, or to candidates 
of a particular political party, or a suggestion to take action with 
respect to an election, such as to vote for or against, make 
contributions to, or participate in campaign activity.''.
    (b) Contribution Definition Amendment.--Section 301(8)(A) of FECA 
(2 U.S.C. 431(8)(A)) is amended--
            (1) in clause (i), by striking ``or'' after the semicolon 
        at the end;
            (2) in clause (ii), by striking the period at the end and 
        inserting ``; or''; and
            (3) by adding at the end the following new clause:
            ``(iii) any payment or other transaction referred to in 
        paragraph (17)(A)(i) that does not qualify as an independent 
        expenditure under paragraph (17)(A)(ii).''.

                        TITLE III--EXPENDITURES

                   Subtitle A--Personal Loans; Credit

SEC. 301. PERSONAL CONTRIBUTIONS AND LOANS.

    Section 315 of FECA (2 U.S.C. 441a), as amended by section 122, is 
amended by adding at the end the following new subsection:
    ``(k) Limitations on Payments to Candidates.--(1) If a candidate or 
a member of the candidate's immediate family made any loans to the 
candidate or to the candidate's authorized committees during any 
election cycle, no contributions after the date of the general election 
for such election cycle may be used to repay such loans.
    ``(2) No contribution by a candidate or member of the candidate's 
immediate family may be returned to the candidate or member other than 
as part of a pro rata distribution of excess contributions to all 
contributors.''.

SEC. 302. EXTENSIONS OF CREDIT.

    Section 301(8)(A) of FECA (2 U.S.C. 431(8)(A)), as amended by 
section 201(b), is amended--
            (1) by striking ``or'' at the end of clause (ii);
            (2) by striking the period at the end of clause (iii) and 
        inserting ``; or''; and
            (3) by inserting at the end the following new clause:
                    ``(iv) with respect to a candidate and the 
                candidate's authorized committees, any extension of 
                credit for goods or services relating to advertising on 
                broadcasting stations, in newspapers or magazines, or 
                by mailings, or relating to other similar types of 
                general public political advertising, if such extension 
                of credit is--
                            ``(I) in an amount of more than $1,000; and
                            ``(II) for a period greater than the 
                        period, not in excess of 60 days, for which 
                        credit is generally extended in the normal 
                        course of business after the date on which such 
                        goods or services are furnished or the date of 
                        the mailing in the case of advertising by a 
                        mailing.''.

   Subtitle B--Provisions Relating to Soft Money of Political Parties

SEC. 311. CONTRIBUTIONS TO POLITICAL PARTY COMMITTEES.

    (a) Individual Contributions to State Party.--Paragraph (1) of 
section 315(a) of FECA (2 U.S.C. 441a(a)(1)) is amended by striking 
``or'' at the end of subparagraph (B), by redesignating subparagraph 
(C) as subparagraph (D), and by inserting after subparagraph (B) the 
following new subparagraph:
            ``(C) to political committees established and maintained by 
        a State committee of a political party in any calendar year 
        which, in the aggregate, exceed $10,000; or''.
    (b) Multicandidate Committee Contributions to State Party.--
Paragraph (2) of section 315(a) of FECA (2 U.S.C. 441a(a)(2)) is 
amended by striking ``or'' at the end of subparagraph (B), by 
redesignating subparagraph (C) as subparagraph (D), and by inserting 
after subparagraph (B) the following new subparagraph:
            ``(C) to political committees established and maintained by 
        a State committee of a political party in any calendar year 
        which, in the aggregate, exceed $10,000; or''.
    (c) Increase in Overall Limit.--Paragraph (3) of section 315(a) of 
FECA (2 U.S.C. 441a(a)(3)) is amended by adding at the end thereof the 
following new sentence: ``The limitation under this paragraph shall be 
increased (but not by more than $5,000) by the amount of contributions 
made by an individual during a calendar year to political committees 
which are taken into account for purposes of paragraph (1)(C).''.

SEC. 312. PROVISIONS RELATING TO NATIONAL, STATE, AND LOCAL PARTY 
              COMMITTEES.

    (a) Expenditures by State Committees in Connection With 
Presidential Campaigns.--Section 315(d) of FECA (2 U.S.C. 441a(d)) is 
amended by inserting at the end thereof the following new paragraph:
    ``(4) A State committee of a political party, including subordinate 
committees of that State committee, shall not make expenditures in 
connection with the general election campaign of a candidate for 
President of the United States who is affiliated with such party which, 
in the aggregate, exceed an amount equal to 4 cents multiplied by the 
voting age population of the State, as certified under subsection (e). 
This paragraph shall not authorize a committee to make expenditures for 
audio broadcasts (including television broadcasts) in excess of the 
amount which could have been made without regard to this paragraph.''.
    (b) Contribution and Expenditure Exceptions.--(1) Section 301(8)(B) 
of FECA (2 U.S.C. 431(8)(B)) is amended--
            (A) in clause (xi), by striking ``direct mail'' and 
        inserting ``mail''; and
            (B) by repealing clauses (x) and (xii).
    (2) Section 301(9)(B) of FECA (2 U.S.C. 431(9)(B)) is amended by 
repealing clauses (viii) and (ix).
    (c) Soft Money of Committees of Political Parties.--(1) Title III 
of FECA is amended by inserting after section 323 the following new 
section:

                      ``political party committees

    ``Sec. 324. (a) Any amount solicited, received, or expended 
directly or indirectly by a national, State, district, or local 
committee of a political party (including any subordinate committee) 
with respect to an activity which, in whole or in part, is in 
connection with an election to Federal office shall be subject in its 
entirety to the limitations, prohibitions, and reporting requirements 
of this Act.
    ``(b) For purposes of subsection (a)--
            ``(1) Any activity which is solely for the purpose of 
        influencing an election for Federal office is in connection 
        with an election for Federal office.
            ``(2) Except as provided in paragraph (3), any of the 
        following activities during a Federal election period shall be 
        treated as in connection with an election for Federal office:
                    ``(A) Voter registration and get-out-the-vote 
                activities.
                    ``(B) Campaign activities, including broadcasting, 
                newspaper, magazine, billboard, mass mail, and 
                newsletter communications, and similar kinds of 
                communications or public advertising that--
                            ``(i) are generic campaign activities; or
                            ``(ii) identify a Federal candidate 
                        regardless of whether a State or local 
                        candidate is also identified.
                    ``(C) The preparation and dissemination of campaign 
                materials that are part of a generic campaign activity 
                or that identify a Federal candidate, regardless of 
                whether a State or local candidate is also identified.
                    ``(D) Development and maintenance of voter files.
                    ``(E) Any other activity affecting (in whole or in 
                part) an election for Federal office.
            ``(3) The following shall not be treated as in connection 
        with a Federal election:
                    ``(A) Any amount described in section 
                301(8)(B)(viii).
                    ``(B) Any amount contributed to a candidate for 
                other than Federal office.
                    ``(C) Any amount received or expended in connection 
                with a State or local political convention.
                    ``(D) Campaign activities, including broadcasting, 
                newspaper, magazine, billboard, mass mail, and 
                newsletter communications, and similar kinds of 
                communications or public advertising that are 
                exclusively on behalf of State or local candidates and 
                are not activities described in paragraph (2)(A).
                    ``(E) Administrative expenses of a State or local 
                committee of a political party, including expenses 
                for--
                            ``(i) overhead;
                            ``(ii) staff (other than individuals 
                        devoting a substantial portion of their 
                        activities to elections for Federal office); 
                        and
                            ``(iii) conducting party elections or 
                        caucuses.
                    ``(F) Research pertaining solely to State and local 
                candidates and issues.
                    ``(G) Development and maintenance of voter files 
                other than during a Federal election period.
                    ``(H) Activities described in paragraph (2)(A) 
                which are conducted other than during a Federal 
                election period.
                    ``(I) Any other activity which is solely for the 
                purpose of influencing, and which solely affects, an 
                election for non-Federal office.
            ``(4) For purposes of this subsection, the term `Federal 
        election period' means the period--
                    ``(A) beginning on June 1, of any even-numbered 
                calendar year (April 1 if an election to the office of 
                President occurs in such year), and
                    ``(B) ending on the date during such year on which 
                regularly scheduled general elections for Federal 
                office occur.

        In the case of a special election, the Federal election period 
        shall include at least the 60-day period ending on the date of 
        the election.
    ``(c) Solicitation of Committees.--A national committee of a 
political party may not solicit or accept contributions not subject to 
the limitations, prohibitions, and reporting requirements of this Act.
    ``(d) Amounts Received From State and Local Candidate Committees.--
(1) For purposes of subsection (a), any amount received by a national, 
State, district, or local committee of a political party (including any 
subordinate committee) from a State or local candidate committee shall 
be treated as meeting the requirements of subsection (a) and section 
304(d) if--
            ``(A) such amount is derived from funds which meet the 
        requirements of this Act with respect to any limitation or 
        prohibition as to source or dollar amount, and
            ``(B) the State or local candidate committee--
                    ``(i) maintains, in the account from which payment 
                is made, records of the sources and amounts of funds 
                for purposes of determining whether such requirements 
                are met, and
                    ``(ii) certifies to the other committee that such 
                requirements were met.
    ``(2) Notwithstanding paragraph (1), any committee receiving any 
contribution described in paragraph (1) from a State or local candidate 
committee shall be required to meet the reporting requirements of this 
Act with respect to receipt of the contribution from such candidate 
committee.
    ``(3) For purposes of this subsection, a State or local candidate 
committee is a committee established, financed, maintained, or 
controlled by a candidate for other than Federal office.''.
    (2) Section 315(d) of FECA (2 U.S.C. 441a(d)), as amended by 
subsection (a), is amended by adding at the end thereof the following 
new paragraph:
            ``(5)(A) The national committee of a political party, the 
        congressional campaign committees of a political party, and a 
        State or local committee of a political party, including a 
        subordinate committee of any of the preceding committees, shall 
        not make expenditures during any calendar year for activities 
        described in section 324(b)(2) with respect to such State 
        which, in the aggregate, exceed an amount equal to 30 cents 
        multiplied by the voting age population of the State (as 
        certified under subsection (e)).
            ``(B) Expenditures authorized under this paragraph shall be 
        in addition to other expenditures allowed under this 
        subsection, except that this paragraph shall not authorize a 
        committee to make expenditures to which paragraph (3) or (4) 
        applies in excess of the limit applicable to such expenditures 
        under paragraph (3) or (4).
            ``(C) No adjustment to the limitation under this paragraph 
        shall be made under subsection (c) before 1992 and the base 
        period for purposes of any such adjustment shall be 1990.
            ``(D) For purposes of this paragraph--
                    ``(i) a local committee of a political party shall 
                only include a committee that is a political committee 
                (as defined in section 301(4)); and
                    ``(ii) a State committee shall not be required to 
                record or report under this Act the expenditures of any 
                other committee which are made independently from the 
                State committee.''.
            (3) Section 301(4) of FECA (2 U.S.C. 431(4)) is amended by 
        adding at the end the following new sentence:
                ``For purposes of subparagraph (C), any payments for 
                get-out-the-vote activities on behalf of candidates for 
                office other than Federal office shall be treated as 
                payments exempted from the definition of expenditure 
                under paragraph (9) of this section.''.
            (4) Section 301(8)(B)(viii) of FECA (2 U.S.C. 
        431(8)(B)(viii)) is amended by striking ``defray'' and 
        inserting ``pay indebtedness incurred prior to January 1, 1993, 
        for the purpose of defraying''.
    (d) Generic Activities.--Section 301 of FECA (2 U.S.C. 431), as 
amended by section 135, is amended by adding at the end thereof the 
following new paragraph:
            ``(31) The term `generic campaign activity' means a 
        campaign activity the preponderant purpose or effect of which 
        is to promote a political party rather than any particular 
        Federal or non-Federal candidate.''.

SEC. 313. RESTRICTIONS ON FUNDRAISING BY CANDIDATES AND OFFICEHOLDERS.

    (a) State Fundraising Activities.--Section 315 of FECA (2 U.S.C. 
441a), as amended by section 301, is amended by adding at the end 
thereof the following new subsection:
    ``(l) Limitations on Fundraising Activities of Federal Candidates 
and Officeholders and Certain Political Committees.--(1) For purposes 
of this Act, a candidate for Federal office (or an individual holding 
Federal office) may not solicit funds to, or receive funds on behalf 
of, any Federal or non-Federal candidate or political committee--
            ``(A) which are to be expended in connection with any 
        election for Federal office unless such funds are subject to 
        the limitations, prohibitions, and requirements of this Act; or
            ``(B) which are to be expended in connection with any 
        election for other than Federal office unless such funds are 
        not in excess of amounts permitted with respect to Federal 
        candidates and political committees under this Act, and are not 
        from sources prohibited by this Act with respect to elections 
        to Federal office.
    ``(2)(A) The aggregate amount which a person described in 
subparagraph (B) may solicit from a multicandidate political committee 
for State committees described in subsection (a)(1)(C) (including 
subordinate committees) for any calendar year shall not exceed the 
dollar amount in effect under subsection (a)(2)(B) for the calendar 
year.
    ``(B) A person is described in this subparagraph if such person is 
a candidate for Federal office, an individual holding Federal office, 
or any national, State, district, or local committee of a political 
party (including subordinate committees).
    ``(3) The appearance or participation by a candidate or individual 
in any activity (including fundraising) conducted by a committee of a 
political party or a candidate for other than Federal office shall not 
be treated as a solicitation for purposes of paragraph (1) if--
            ``(A) such appearance or participation is otherwise 
        permitted by law; and
            ``(B) such candidate or individual does not solicit or 
        receive, or make expenditures from, any funds resulting from 
        such activity.
    ``(4) Paragraph (1) shall not apply to the solicitation or receipt 
of funds, or disbursements, by an individual who is a candidate for 
other than Federal office if such activity is permitted under State 
law.
    ``(5) For purposes of this subsection, an individual shall be 
treated as holding Federal office if such individual is described in 
section 101(f) of the Ethics in Government Act of 1978.''.
    (b) Tax-Exempt Organizations.--Section 315 of FECA (2 U.S.C. 441a), 
as amended by subsection (a), is amended by adding at the end thereof 
the following new subsection:
    ``(m) Tax-Exempt Organizations.--(1) If during any period an 
individual is a candidate for, or holds, Federal office, such 
individual may not during such period solicit contributions to, or on 
behalf of, any organization which is described in section 501(c) of the 
Internal Revenue Code of 1986 if a significant portion of the 
activities of such organization include voter registration or get-out-
the-vote campaigns.
    ``(2) For purposes of this subsection, an individual shall be 
treated as holding Federal office if such individual is described in 
section 101(f) of the Ethics in Government Act of 1978.''.

SEC. 314. REPORTING REQUIREMENTS.

    (a) Reporting Requirements.--Section 304 of FECA (2 U.S.C. 434) is 
amended by adding at the end thereof the following new subsection:
    ``(d) Political Committees.--(1) The national committee of a 
political party and any congressional campaign committee, and any 
subordinate committee of either, shall report all receipts and 
disbursements during the reporting period, whether or not in connection 
with an election for Federal office.
    ``(2) A political committee (not described in paragraph (1)) to 
which section 324 applies shall report all receipts and disbursements 
in connection with a Federal election (as determined under section 
324).
    ``(3) Any political committee to which section 324 applies shall 
include in its report under paragraph (1) or (2) the amount of any 
transfer described in section 324(c) and the reason for the transfer.
    ``(4) Any political committee to which paragraph (1) or (2) does 
not apply shall report any receipts or disbursements which are used in 
connection with a Federal election.
    ``(5) If any receipt or disbursement to which this subsection 
applies exceeds $200, the political committee shall include 
identification of the person from whom, or to whom, such receipt or 
disbursement was made.
    ``(6) Reports required to be filed by this subsection shall be 
filed for the same time periods required for political committees under 
subsection (a).''.
    (b) Report of Exempt Contributions.--Section 301(8) of the Federal 
Election Campaign Act of 1971 (2 U.S.C. 431(8)) is amended by inserting 
at the end thereof the following:
                    ``(C) The exclusions provided in clauses (v) and 
                (viii) of subparagraph (B) shall not apply for purposes 
                of any requirement to report contributions under this 
                Act, and all such contributions in excess of $200 shall 
                be reported.''.
     (c) Reporting of Exempt Expenditures.--Section 301(9) of the 
Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 (2 U.S.C. 431(9)) is amended by 
inserting at the end thereof the following:
                    ``(C) The exclusions provided in clause (iv) of 
                subparagraph (B) shall not apply for purposes of any 
                requirement to report expenditures under this Act, and 
                all such expenditures in excess of $200 shall be 
                reported.''.
    (d) Contributions and Expenditures of Political Committees.--
Section 301(4) of FECA (2 U.S.C. 431(4)) is amended by adding at the 
end the following: ``For purposes of this paragraph, the receipt of 
contributions or the making of, or obligating to make, expenditures 
shall be determined by the Commission on the basis of facts and 
circumstances, in whatever combination, demonstrating a purpose of 
influencing any election for Federal office, including, but not limited 
to, the representations made by any person soliciting funds about their 
intended uses; the identification by name of individuals who are 
candidates for Federal office or of any political party, in general 
public political advertising; and the proximity to any primary, runoff, 
or general election of general public political advertising designed or 
reasonably calculated to influence voter choice in that election.''.
    (e) Reports by State Committees.--Section 304 of FECA (2 U.S.C. 
434), as amended by subsection (a), is amended by adding at the end 
thereof the following new subsection:
    ``(e) Filing of State Reports.--In lieu of any report required to 
be filed by this Act, the Commission may allow a State committee of a 
political party to file with the Commission a report required to be 
filed under State law if the Commission determines such reports contain 
substantially the same information.''.

                        TITLE IV--CONTRIBUTIONS

SEC. 401. CONTRIBUTIONS THROUGH INTERMEDIARIES AND CONDUITS.

    Section 315(a)(8) of FECA (2 U.S.C. 441a(a)(8)) is amended to read 
as follows:
    ``(8) For the purposes of this subsection:
            ``(A) Contributions made by a person, either directly or 
        indirectly, to or on behalf of a particular candidate, 
        including contributions that are in any way earmarked or 
        otherwise directed through an intermediary or conduit to a 
        candidate, shall be treated as contributions from the person to 
        the candidate.
            ``(B) Contributions made directly or indirectly by a person 
        to or on behalf of a particular candidate through an 
        intermediary or conduit, including contributions made or 
        arranged to be made by an intermediary or conduit, shall be 
        treated as contributions from the intermediary or conduit to 
        the candidate if--
                    ``(i) the contributions made through the 
                intermediary or conduit are in the form of a check or 
                other negotiable instrument made payable to the 
                intermediary or conduit rather than the intended 
                recipient; or
                    ``(ii) the intermediary or conduit is--
                            ``(I) a political committee;
                            ``(II) an officer, employee, or agent of 
                        such a political committee;
                            ``(III) a political party;
                            ``(IV) a partnership or sole 
                        proprietorship;
                            ``(V) a lobbyist; or
                            ``(VI) an organization prohibited from 
                        making contributions under section 316, or an 
                        officer, employee, or agent of such an 
                        organization acting on the organization's 
                        behalf.
            ``(C)(i) Except as specified in section 
        315(a)(8)(B)(ii)(V), the term `intermediary or conduit' does 
        not include--
                    ``(I) a candidate or representative of a candidate 
                receiving contributions to the candidate's principal 
                campaign committee or authorized committee;
                    ``(II) a professional fundraiser compensated for 
                fundraising services at the usual and customary rate;
                    ``(III) a volunteer hosting a fundraising event at 
                the volunteer's home, in accordance with section 
                301(8)(B); or
                    ``(IV) an individual who transmits a contribution 
                from the individual's spouse.
            ``(ii) The term `representative' means an individual who is 
        expressly authorized by the candidate to engage in fundraising, 
        and who occupies a significant position within the candidate's 
        campaign organization, provided that the individual is not 
        described in subparagraph (B)(ii).
            ``(iii) The term `contributions made or arranged to be 
        made' includes--
                    ``(I) contributions delivered to a particular 
                candidate or the candidate's authorized committee or 
                agent; and
                    ``(II) contributions directly or indirectly 
                arranged to be made to a particular candidate or the 
                candidate's authorized committee or agent, in a manner 
                that identifies directly or indirectly to the candidate 
                or authorized committee or agent the person who 
                arranged the making of the contributions or the person 
                on whose behalf such person was acting.
            ``(iv) The term `acting on the organization's behalf' 
        includes the following activities by an officer, employee or 
        agent of a person described in subparagraph (B)(ii)(IV):
                    ``(I) Soliciting or directly or indirectly 
                arranging the making of a contribution to a particular 
                candidate in the name of, or by using the name of, such 
                a person.
                    ``(II) Soliciting or directly or indirectly 
                arranging the making of a contribution to a particular 
                candidate using other than incidental resources of such 
                a person.
                    ``(III) Soliciting contributions for a particular 
                candidate by substantially directing the solicitations 
                to other officers, employees, or agents of such a 
                person.
            ``(D) Nothing in this paragraph shall prohibit--
                    ``(i) bona fide joint fundraising efforts conducted 
                solely for the purpose of sponsorship of a fundraising 
                reception, dinner, or other similar event, in 
                accordance with rules prescribed by the Commission, 
                by--
                            ``(I) 2 or more candidates;
                            ``(II) 2 or more national, State, or local 
                        committees of a political party within the 
                        meaning of section 301(4) acting on their own 
                        behalf; or
                            ``(III) a special committee formed by 2 or 
                        more candidates, or a candidate and a national, 
                        State, or local committee of a political party 
                        acting on their own behalf; or
                    ``(ii) fundraising efforts for the benefit of a 
                candidate that are conducted by another candidate.
                    ``(iii) bona fide fundraising efforts conducted by 
                and solely on behalf of an individual other than a 
                lobbyist for the purpose of sponsorship of a 
                fundraising reception, dinner, or other similar event, 
                but only if all contributions are made directly to a 
                candidate or a representative of a candidate.

When a contribution is made to a candidate through an intermediary or 
conduit, the intermediary or conduit shall report the original source 
and the intended recipient of the contribution to the Commission and to 
the intended recipient.''.

SEC. 402. CONTRIBUTIONS BY DEPENDENTS NOT OF VOTING AGE.

    Section 315 of FECA (2 U.S.C. 441a), as amended by section 313(b), 
is amended by adding at the end the following new subsection:
    ``(n) For purposes of this section, any contribution by an 
individual who--
            ``(1) is a dependent of another individual; and
            ``(2) has not, as of the time of such contribution, 
        attained the legal age for voting for elections to Federal 
        office in the State in which such individual resides,
shall be treated as having been made by such other individual. If such 
individual is the dependent of another individual and such other 
individual's spouse, the contribution shall be allocated among such 
individuals in the manner determined by them.''.

SEC. 403. CONTRIBUTIONS TO CANDIDATES FROM STATE AND LOCAL COMMITTEES 
              OF POLITICAL PARTIES TO BE AGGREGATED.

    Section 315(a) of FECA (2 U.S.C. 441a(a)) is amended by adding at 
the end the following new paragraph:
    ``(9) A candidate for Federal office may not accept, with respect 
to an election, any contribution from a State or local committee of a 
political party (including any subordinate committee of such 
committee), if such contribution, when added to the total of 
contributions previously accepted from all such committees of that 
political party, exceeds a limitation on contributions to a candidate 
under this section.''.

SEC. 404. LIMITED EXCLUSION OF ADVANCES BY CAMPAIGN WORKERS FROM THE 
              DEFINITION OF THE TERM ``CONTRIBUTION''.

    Section 301(8)(B) of FECA (2 U.S.C. 431(8)(B)) is amended--
            (1) in clause (xiii), by striking ``and'' after the 
        semicolon at the end;
            (2) in clause (xiv), by striking the period at the end and 
        inserting: ``; and''; and
            (3) by adding at the end the following new clause:
            ``(xv) any advance voluntarily made on behalf of an 
        authorized committee of a candidate by an individual in the 
        normal course of such individual's responsibilities as a 
        volunteer for, or employee of, the committee, if the advance is 
        reimbursed by the committee within 10 days after the date on 
        which the advance is made, and the value of advances on behalf 
        of a committee does not exceed $500 with respect to an 
        election.''.

                    TITLE V--REPORTING REQUIREMENTS

SEC. 501. CHANGE IN CERTAIN REPORTING FROM A CALENDAR YEAR BASIS TO AN 
              ELECTION CYCLE BASIS.

    Paragraphs (2) through (7) of section 304(b) of FECA (2 U.S.C. 
434(b)(2)-(7)) are amended by inserting after ``calendar year'' each 
place it appears the following: ``(election cycle, in the case of an 
authorized committee of a candidate for Federal office)''.

SEC. 502. PERSONAL AND CONSULTING SERVICES.

    Section 304(b)(5)(A) of FECA (2 U.S.C. 434(b)(5)(A)) is amended by 
adding before the semicolon at the end the following: ``, except that 
if a person to whom an expenditure is made is merely providing personal 
or consulting services and is in turn making expenditures to other 
persons (not including employees) who provide goods or services to the 
candidate or his or her authorized committees, the name and address of 
such other person, together with the date, amount and purpose of such 
expenditure shall also be disclosed''.

SEC. 503. REDUCTION IN THRESHOLD FOR REPORTING OF CERTAIN INFORMATION 
              BY PERSONS OTHER THAN POLITICAL COMMITTEES.

    Section 304(b)(3)(A) of FECA (2 U.S.C. 434(b)(3)(A)) is amended by 
striking ``$200'' and inserting ``$50''.

SEC. 504. COMPUTERIZED INDICES OF CONTRIBUTIONS.

    Section 311(a) of FECA (2 U.S.C. 438(a)) is amended--
            (1) by striking ``and'' at the end of paragraph (9);
            (2) by striking the period at the end of paragraph (10) and 
        inserting ``; and''; and
            (3) by adding at the end the following new paragraph:
            ``(11) maintain computerized indices of contributions of 
        $50 or more.''.

                 TITLE VI--FEDERAL ELECTION COMMISSION

SEC. 601. USE OF CANDIDATES' NAMES.

    Section 302(e)(4) of FECA (2 U.S.C. 432(e)(4)) is amended to read 
as follows:
    ``(4)(A) The name of each authorized committee shall include the 
name of the candidate who authorized the committee under paragraph (1).
    ``(B) A political committee that is not an authorized committee 
shall not include the name of any candidate in its name or use the name 
of any candidate in any activity on behalf of such committee in such a 
context as to suggest that the committee is an authorized committee of 
the candidate or that the use of the candidate's name has been 
authorized by the candidate.''.

SEC. 602. REPORTING REQUIREMENTS.

    (a) Option To File Monthly Reports--Section 304(a)(2) of FECA (2 
U.S.C. 434(a)(2)) is amended--
            (1) in subparagraph (A) by striking ``and'' at the end;
            (2) in subparagraph (B) by striking the period at the end 
        and inserting ``; and''; and
            (3) by inserting the following new subparagraph at the end:
            ``(C) in lieu of the reports required by subparagraphs (A) 
        and (B), the treasurer may file monthly reports in all calendar 
        years, which shall be filed no later than the 15th day after 
        the last day of the month and shall be complete as of the last 
        day of the month, except that, in lieu of filing the reports 
        otherwise due in November and December of any year in which a 
        regularly scheduled general election is held, a pre-primary 
        election report and a pre-general election report shall be 
        filed in accordance with subparagraph (A)(i), a post-general 
        election report shall be filed in accordance with subparagraph 
        (A)(ii), and a year end report shall be filed no later than 
        January 31 of the following calendar year.''.
    (b) Filing Date.--Section 304(a)(4)(B) of FECA (2 U.S.C. 
434(a)(4)(B)) is amended by striking ``20th'' and inserting ``15th''.

SEC. 603. PROVISIONS RELATING TO THE GENERAL COUNSEL OF THE COMMISSION.

    (a) Vacancy in the Office of General Counsel.--Section 306(f) of 
FECA (2 U.S.C. 437c(f)) is amended by adding at the end the following 
new paragraph:
    ``(5) In the event of a vacancy in the office of general counsel, 
the next highest ranking enforcement official in the general counsel's 
office shall serve as acting general counsel with full powers of the 
general counsel until a successor is appointed.''.
    (b) Pay of the General Counsel.--Section 306(f)(1) of FECA (2 
U.S.C. 437c(f)(1)) is amended--
            (1) by inserting ``and the general counsel'' after ``staff 
        director'' in the second sentence; and
            (2) by striking the third sentence.

SEC. 604. ENFORCEMENT.

    (a) Basis for Enforcement Proceeding.--Section 309(a)(2) of FECA (2 
U.S.C. 437g(a)(2)) is amended by striking ``it has reason to believe 
that a person has committed, or is about to commit'' and inserting 
``facts have been alleged or ascertained that, if true, give reason to 
believe that a person may have committed, or may be about to commit''.
    (b) Authority To Seek Injunction.--(1) Section 309(a) of FECA (2 
U.S.C. 437g(a)) is amended by adding at the end the following new 
paragraph:
    ``(13)(A) If, at any time in a proceeding described in paragraph 
(1), (2), (3), or (4), the Commission believes that--
            ``(i) there is a substantial likelihood that a violation of 
        this Act or of chapter 95 or chapter 96 of the Internal Revenue 
        Code of 1986 is occurring or is about to occur;
            ``(ii) the failure to act expeditiously will result in 
        irreparable harm to a party affected by the potential 
        violation;
            ``(iii) expeditious action will not cause undue harm or 
        prejudice to the interests of others; and
            ``(iv) the public interest would be best served by the 
        issuance of an injunction,

the Commission may initiate a civil action for a temporary restraining 
order or a temporary injunction pending the outcome of the proceedings 
described in paragraphs (1), (2), (3), and (4).
    ``(B) An action under subparagraph (A) shall be brought in the 
United States district court for the district in which the defendant 
resides, transacts business, or may be found.''.
    (2) Section 309(a) of FECA (2 U.S.C. 437g(a)) is amended--
            (A) in paragraph (7) by striking ``(5) or (6)'' and 
        inserting ``(5), (6), or (13)''; and
            (B) in paragraph (11) by striking ``(6)'' and inserting 
        ``(6) or (13)''.

SEC. 605. PENALTIES.

    (a) Penalties Prescribed in Conciliation Agreements.--(1) Section 
309(a)(5)(A) of FECA (2 U.S.C. 437g(a)(5)(A)) is amended by striking 
``which does not exceed the greater of $5,000 or an amount equal to any 
contribution or expenditure involved in such violation'' and inserting 
``which is--
            ``(i) not less than 50 percent of all contributions and 
        expenditures involved in the violation (or such lesser amount 
        as the Commission provides if necessary to ensure that the 
        penalty is not unjustly disproportionate to the violation); and
            ``(ii) not greater than all contributions and expenditures 
        involved in the violation''.
    (2) Section 309(a)(5)(B) of FECA (2 U.S.C. 437g(a)(5)(B)) is 
amended by striking ``which does not exceed the greater of $10,000 or 
an amount equal to 200 percent of any contribution or expenditure 
involved in such violation'' and inserting ``which is--
            ``(i) not less than all contributions and expenditures 
        involved in the violation; and
            ``(ii) not greater than 150 percent of all contributions 
        and expenditures involved in the violation''.
    (b) Penalties When Violations Are Adjudicated in Court.--(1) 
Section 309(a)(6)(A) of FECA (2 U.S.C. 437g(a)(6)(A)) is amended by 
striking all that follows ``appropriate order'' and inserting ``, 
including an order for a civil penalty in the amount determined under 
subparagraph (A) or (B) in the district court of the United States for 
the district in which the defendant resides, transacts business, or may 
be found.''.
    (2) Section 309(a)(6)(B) of FECA (2 U.S.C. 437g(a)(6)(B)) is 
amended by striking all that follows ``other order'' and inserting ``, 
including an order for a civil penalty which is--
            ``(i) not less than all contributions and expenditures 
        involved in the violation; and
            ``(ii) not greater than 200 percent of all contributions 
        and expenditures involved in the violation,
upon a proper showing that the person involved has committed, or is 
about to commit (if the relief sought is a permanent or temporary 
injunction or a restraining order), a violation of this Act or chapter 
95 of chapter 96 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986.''.
    (3) Section 309(a)(6)(C) of FECA (29 U.S.C. 437g(6)(C)) is amended 
by striking ``a civil penalty'' and all that follows and inserting ``a 
civil penalty which is--
            ``(i) not less than 200 percent of all contributions and 
        expenditures involved in the violation; and
            ``(ii) not greater than 250 percent of all contributions 
        and expenditures involved in the violation.''.

SEC. 606. RANDOM AUDITS.

    Section 311(b) of FECA (2 U.S.C. 438(b)) is amended--
            (1) by inserting ``(1)'' before ``The Commission''; and
            (2) by adding at the end the following new paragraph:
    ``(2) Notwithstanding paragraph (1), the Commission may from time 
to time conduct random audits and investigations to ensure voluntary 
compliance with this Act. The subjects of such audits and 
investigations shall be selected on the basis of criteria established 
by vote of at least 4 members of the Commission to ensure impartiality 
in the selection process. This paragraph does not apply to an 
authorized committee of an eligible Senate candidate subject to audit 
under section 505(a) or an authorized committee of an eligible House of 
Representatives candidate subject to audit under section 605(a).''.

SEC. 607. PROHIBITION OF FALSE REPRESENTATION TO SOLICIT CONTRIBUTIONS.

    Section 322 of FECA (2 U.S.C. 441h) is amended--
            (1) by inserting after ``Sec. 322.'' the following: 
        ``(a)''; and
            (2) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(b) No person shall solicit contributions by falsely representing 
himself as a candidate or as a representative of a candidate, a 
political committee, or a political party.''.

SEC. 608. REGULATIONS RELATING TO USE OF NON-FEDERAL MONEY.

    Section 306 of FECA (2 U.S.C. 437c) is amended by adding at the end 
the following new subsection:
    ``(g) The Commission shall promulgate rules to prohibit devices or 
arrangements which have the purpose or effect of undermining or evading 
the provisions of this Act restricting the use of non-Federal money to 
affect Federal elections.''.

                        TITLE VII--MISCELLANEOUS

SEC. 701. PROHIBITION OF LEADERSHIP COMMITTEES.

    Section 302(e) of FECA (2 U.S.C. 432(e)) is amended--
            (1) by amending paragraph (3) to read as follows:
    ``(3) No political committee that supports or has supported more 
than one candidate may be designated as an authorized committee, except 
that--
            ``(A) a candidate for the office of President nominated by 
        a political party may designate the national committee of such 
        political party as the candidate's principal campaign 
        committee, but only if that national committee maintains 
        separate books of account with respect to its functions as a 
        principal campaign committee; and
            ``(B) a candidate may designate a political committee 
        established solely for the purpose of joint fundraising by such 
        candidates as an authorized committee.''; and
            (2) by adding at the end the following new paragraph:
    ``(6)(A) A candidate for Federal office or any individual holding 
Federal office may not establish, maintain, or control any political 
committee other than a principal campaign committee of the candidate, 
authorized committee, party committee, or other political committee 
designated in accordance with paragraph (3). A candidate for more than 
one Federal office may designate a separate principal campaign 
committee for each Federal office.
    ``(B) For one year after the effective date of this paragraph, any 
such political committee may continue to make contributions. At the end 
of that period such political committee shall disburse all funds by one 
or more of the following means: making contributions to an entity 
qualified under section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986; 
making a contribution to the treasury of the United States; 
contributing to the national, State or local committees of a political 
party; or making contributions not to exceed $1,000 to candidates for 
elective office.''.

SEC. 702. POLLING DATA CONTRIBUTED TO CANDIDATES.

    Section 301(8) of FECA (2 U.S.C. 431(8)), as amended by section 
314(b), is amended by inserting at the end the following new 
subparagraph:
            ``(D) A contribution of polling data to a candidate shall 
        be valued at the fair market value of the data on the date the 
        poll was completed, depreciated at a rate not more than 1 
        percent per day from such date to the date on which the 
        contribution was made.''.

              TITLE VIII--EFFECTIVE DATES; AUTHORIZATIONS

SEC. 801. EFFECTIVE DATE.

    Except as otherwise provided in this Act, the amendments made by, 
and the provisions of, this Act shall take effect on the date of the 
enactment of this Act but shall not apply with respect to activities in 
connection with any election occurring before January 1, 1995.

SEC. 802. SENSE OF THE SENATE REGARDING FUNDING OF SENATE ELECTION 
              CAMPAIGN FUND.

    It is the sense of the Senate that--
            (1) the current Presidential checkoff should be increased 
        to $5.00, its designation changed to the ``Federal Election 
        Campaign Checkoff'', and individuals should be permitted to 
        contribute an additional $5.00 to the fund in additional taxes 
        if they so desire;
            (2) the Internal Revenue Service and the Federal Election 
        Commission should be required to develop and implement a plan 
        to publicize the fund and the checkoff to increase citizen 
        participation; and
            (3) funds to pay for the increase in the checkoff to $5.00 
        should come from the repeal of the tax deduction for business 
        lobbying activity and the elimination of newsletter franking by 
        the Congress.

SEC. 803. SEVERABILITY.

    Except as provided in sections 101(c) and 121(b), if any provision 
of this Act (including any amendment made by this Act), or the 
application of any such provision to any person or circumstance, is 
held invalid, the validity of any other provision of this Act, or the 
application of such provision to other persons and circumstances, shall 
not be affected thereby.

SEC. 804. EXPEDITED REVIEW OF CONSTITUTIONAL ISSUES.

    (a) Direct Appeal to Supreme Court.--An appeal may be taken 
directly to the Supreme Court of the United States from any 
interlocutory order or final judgment, decree, or order issued by any 
court ruling on the constitutionality of any provision of this Act or 
amendment made by this Act.
    (b) Acceptance and Expedition.--The Supreme Court shall, if it has 
not previously ruled on the question addressed in the ruling below, 
accept jurisdiction over, advance on the docket, and expedite the 
appeal to the greatest extent possible.

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