[Congressional Bills 103th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[S. 3 Engrossed in Senate (ES)]

103d CONGRESS

  1st Session

                                  S. 3

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 AN ACT

Entitled the ``Congressional Spending Limit and Election Reform Act of 
                                1993''.
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
103d CONGRESS
  1st Session
                                  S. 3

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 AN ACT


 
Entitled the ``Congressional Spending Limit and Election Reform Act of 
                                1993''.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; AMENDMENT OF CAMPAIGN ACT; TABLE OF CONTENTS.

    (a) Short Title.--This Act may be cited as the ``Congressional 
Campaign Spending Limit and Election Reform Act of 1993''.
    (b) Amendment of FECA.--When used in this Act, the term ``FECA'' 
means the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 (2 U.S.C. 431 et seq.).
    (c) Table of Contents.--

Sec. 1. Short title; amendment of Campaign Act; table of contents.
          TITLE I--CONTROL OF CONGRESSIONAL CAMPAIGN SPENDING

   Subtitle A--Senate Election Campaign Spending Limits and Benefits

Sec. 101. Senate spending limits and benefits.
Sec. 102. Ban on activities of political action committees in Federal 
                            elections.
Sec. 103. Reporting requirements.
Sec. 104. Disclosure by noneligible candidates.
Sec. 105. Excess campaign funds of Senate candidates.
Sec. 106. Restrictions on use of camaign funds.
                     Subtitle B--General Provisions

Sec. 131. Broadcast rates and preemption.
Sec. 132. Extension of reduced third-class mailing rates to eligible 
                            Senate candidates.
Sec. 133. Reporting requirements for certain independent expenditures.
Sec. 134. Campaign advertising amendments.
Sec. 135. Definitions.
Sec. 136. Provisions relating to franked mass mailings.
                   TITLE II--INDEPENDENT EXPENDITURES

Sec. 201. Clarification of definitions relating to independent 
                            expenditures.
Sec. 202. Equal broadcast time.
                        TITLE III--EXPENDITURES

                   Subtitle A--Personal Loans; Credit

Sec. 301. Personal contributions and loans.
Sec. 302. Extensions of credit.
   Subtitle B--Provisions Relating to Soft Money of Political Parties

Sec. 311. Definitions.
Sec. 312. Contributions to political party committees.
Sec. 313. Provisions relating to national, State, and local party 
                            committees.
Sec. 314. Restrictions on fundraising by candidates and officeholders.
Sec. 315. Reporting requirements.
     Subtitle C--Soft Money of Persons Other Than Political Parties

Sec. 321. Soft money of persons other than political parties.
                        TITLE IV--CONTRIBUTIONS

Sec. 401. Contributions through intermediaries and conduits; 
                            prohibition on certain contributions by 
                            lobbyists.
Sec. 402. Contributions by dependents not of voting age.
Sec. 403. Contributions to candidates from State and local committees 
                            of political parties to be aggregated.
Sec. 404. Contributions and expenditures using money secured by 
                            physical force or other intimidation.
Sec. 405. Prohibition of acceptance by a candidate of cash 
                            contributions from any one person 
                            aggregating more than $100.
Sec. 406. Out-of-State fundraising.
                    TITLE V--REPORTING REQUIREMENTS

Sec. 501. Change in certain reporting from a calendar year basis to an 
                            election cycle basis.
Sec. 502. Personal and consulting services.
Sec. 503. Computerized indices of contributions.
Sec. 504. Filing of reports using computers and facsimile machines.
Sec. 505. Political committees.
                 TITLE VI--FEDERAL ELECTION COMMISSION

Sec. 601. Use of candidates' names.
Sec. 602. Reporting requirements.
Sec. 603. Provisions relating to the general counsel of the Commission.
Sec. 604. Penalties.
Sec. 605. Audits.
Sec. 606. Prohibition of false representation to solicit contributions.
Sec. 607. Regulations relating to use of non-Federal money.
Sec. 608. Simultaneous registration of candidate and candidate's 
                            principal campaign committee.
Sec. 609. Reimbursement fund.
Sec. 610. Insolvent political committees.
                        TITLE VII--MISCELLANEOUS

Sec. 701. Prohibition of leadership committees.
Sec. 702. Polling data contributed to candidates.
Sec. 703. Debates by general election candidates who receive amounts 
                            from the Presidential Election Campaign 
                            Fund.
Sec. 704. Telephone voting by persons with disabilities.
Sec. 705. Provisions relating to Presidential primary elections.
Sec. 706. Certain tax-exempt organizations not subject to corporate 
                            limits.
Sec. 707. Aiding and abetting violations of FECA.
Sec. 708. Deposit of repayments of excess payments from the 
                            Presidential Election Campaign Fund.
Sec. 709. Disqualification from receiving public funding for 
                            Presidential election campaigns.
Sec. 710. Prohibition of contributions to Presidential candidates who 
                            receive public funding in the general 
                            election campaign.
Sec. 711. Application of increased revenues to reduce the deficit.
Sec. 712. Sense of the Senate that Congress should adopt a joint 
                            resolution proposing an amendment to the 
                            Constitution that would empower Congress 
                            and the States to set reasonable limits on 
                            campaign expenditures.
Sec. 713. Sense of the Senate.
Sec. 714. Campaign advertising that refers to an opponent.
Sec. 715. Limit on congressional use of the franking privilege.
              TITLE VIII--EFFECTIVE DATES; AUTHORIZATIONS

Sec. 801. Effective date.
Sec. 802. Budget neutrality.
Sec. 803. Severability.
Sec. 804. Expedited review of constitutional issues.
Sec. 805. Regulations.

          TITLE I--CONTROL OF CONGRESSIONAL CAMPAIGN SPENDING

   Subtitle A--Senate Election Campaign Spending Limits and Benefits

SEC. 101. SENATE SPENDING LIMITS AND BENEFITS.

    (a) In General.--FECA is amended by adding at the end thereof the 
following new title:

 ``TITLE V--SPENDING LIMITS AND BENEFITS FOR SENATE ELECTION CAMPAIGNS

``SEC. 501. CANDIDATES ELIGIBLE TO RECEIVE BENEFITS.

    ``(a) In General.--For purposes of this title, a candidate is an 
eligible Senate candidate if the candidate--
            ``(1) meets the primary and general election filing 
        requirements of subsections (b) and (c);
            ``(2) meets the primary and runoff election expenditure 
        limits of subsection (d); and
            ``(3) meets the threshold contribution requirements of 
        subsection (e).
    ``(b) Primary Filing Requirements.--(1) The requirements of this 
subsection are met if the candidate files with the Secretary of the 
Senate a declaration that--
            ``(A) the candidate and the candidate's authorized 
        committees--
                    ``(i) will meet the primary and runoff election 
                expenditure limits of subsection (d); and
                    ``(ii) will only accept contributions for the 
                primary and runoff elections which do not exceed such 
                limits;
            ``(B) the candidate and the candidate's authorized 
        committees will meet the general election expenditure limit 
        under section 502(b);
            ``(C) the candidate and the candidate's authorized 
        committees will meet the limitation on expenditures from 
        personal funds under section 502(a); and
            ``(D) the candidate and the candidate's authorized 
        committees will meet the closed captioning requirements of 
        section 509.
    ``(2) The declaration under paragraph (1) shall be filed not later 
than the date the candidate files as a candidate for the primary 
election.
    ``(c) General Election Filing Requirements.--(1) The requirements 
of this subsection are met if the candidate certifies to the Secretary 
of the Senate, under penalty of perjury, that--
            ``(A) the candidate and the candidate's authorized 
        committees--
                    ``(i) met the primary and runoff election 
                expenditure limits under subsection (d); and
                    ``(ii) did not accept contributions for the primary 
                or runoff election in excess of the primary or runoff 
                expenditure limit under subsection (d), whichever is 
                applicable, reduced by any amounts transferred to this 
                election cycle from a preceding election cycle;
            ``(B) the candidate met the threshold contribution 
        requirement under subsection (e), and that only allowable 
        contributions were taken into account in meeting such 
        requirement;
            ``(C) at least one other candidate has qualified for the 
        same general election ballot under the law of the State 
        involved;
            ``(D) such candidate and the authorized committees of such 
        candidate--
                    ``(i) except as otherwise provided by this title, 
                will not make expenditures which exceed the general 
                election expenditure limit under section 502(b);
                    ``(ii) will not accept any contributions in 
                violation of section 315;
                    ``(iii) except as otherwise provided by this title, 
                will not accept any contribution for the general 
                election involved to the extent that such contribution 
                would cause the aggregate amount of such contributions 
                to exceed the sum of the amount of the general election 
                expenditure limit under section 502(b) and the amounts 
                described in subsections (c), (d), and (e) of section 
                502, reduced by any amounts transferred to this 
                election cycle from a previous election cycle and not 
                taken into account under subparagraph (A)(ii);
                    ``(iv) will deposit all payments received under 
                this title in an account insured by the Federal Deposit 
                Insurance Corporation from which funds may be withdrawn 
                by check or similar means of payment to third parties;
                    ``(v) will furnish campaign records, evidence of 
                contributions, and other appropriate information to the 
                Commission;
                    ``(vi) will cooperate in the case of any audit and 
                examination by the Commission under section 505 and 
                will pay any amounts required to be paid under that 
                section; and
                    ``(vii) will meet the closed captioning 
                requirements of section 509; and
            ``(E) the candidate intends to make use of the benefits 
        provided under section 503.
    ``(2) The certification under paragraph (1) shall be filed not 
later than 7 days after the earlier of--
            ``(A) the date the candidate qualifies for the general 
        election ballot under State law; or
            ``(B) if, under State law, a primary or runoff election to 
        qualify for the general election ballot occurs after September 
        1, the date the candidate wins the primary or runoff election.
    ``(d) Primary and Runoff Expenditure Limits.--(1) The requirements 
of this subsection are met if:
            ``(A) The candidate or the candidate's authorized 
        committees did not make expenditures for the primary election 
        in excess of the lesser of--
                    ``(i) 67 percent of the general election 
                expenditure limit under section 502(b); or
                    ``(ii) $2,750,000.
            ``(B) The candidate and the candidate's authorized 
        committees did not make expenditures for any runoff election in 
        excess of 20 percent of the general election expenditure limit 
        under section 502(b).
    ``(2) The limitations under subparagraphs (A) and (B) of paragraph 
(1) with respect to any candidate shall be increased by the aggregate 
amount of independent expenditures in opposition to, or on behalf of 
any opponent of, such candidate during the primary or runoff election 
period, whichever is applicable, which are required to be reported to 
the Secretary of the Senate or to the Commission with respect to such 
period under section 304.
    ``(3)(A) If the contributions received by the candidate or the 
candidate's authorized committees for the primary election or runoff 
election exceed the expenditures for either such election, such excess 
contributions shall be treated as contributions for the general 
election and expenditures for the general election may be made from 
such excess contributions.
    ``(B) Subparagraph (A) shall not apply to the extent that such 
treatment of excess contributions--
            ``(i) would result in the violation of any limitation under 
        section 315; or
            ``(ii) would cause the aggregate contributions received for 
        the general election to exceed the limits under subsection 
        (c)(1)(D)(iii).
    ``(e) Threshold Contribution Requirements.--(1) The requirements of 
this subsection are met if the candidate and the candidate's authorized 
committees have received allowable contributions during the applicable 
period in an amount at least equal to 5 percent of the general election 
expenditure limit under section 502(b).
    ``(2) For purposes of this section and subsections (b) and (c) of 
section 503--
            ``(A) The term `allowable contributions' means 
        contributions which are made as gifts of money by an individual 
        pursuant to a written instrument identifying such individual as 
        the contributor.
            ``(B) The term `allowable contributions' shall not 
        include--
                    ``(i) contributions made directly or indirectly 
                through an intermediary or conduit which are treated as 
                made by such intermediary or conduit under section 
                315(a)(8)(B);
                    ``(ii) contributions from any individual during the 
                applicable period to the extent such contributions 
                exceed $250; or
                    ``(iii) contributions from individuals residing 
                outside the candidate's State.
        Clauses (ii) and (iii) shall not apply for purposes of section 
        503(b).
    ``(3) For purposes of this subsection and subsections (b) and (c) 
of section 503, the term `applicable period' means--
            ``(A) the period beginning on January 1 of the calendar 
        year preceding the calendar year of the general election 
        involved and ending on--
                    ``(i) the date on which the certification under 
                subsection (c) is filed by the candidate; or
                    ``(ii) for purposes of subsections (b) and (c) of 
                section 503, the date of such general election; or
            ``(B) in the case of a special election for the office of 
        United States Senator, the period beginning on the date the 
        vacancy in such office occurs and ending on the date of the 
        general election involved.
    ``(f) Indexing.--The $2,750,000 amount under subsection (d)(1) 
shall be increased as of the beginning of each calendar year based on 
the increase in the price index determined under section 315(c), except 
that, for purposes of subsection (d)(1) and section 502(b)(3), the base 
period shall be calendar year 1996.

``SEC. 502. LIMITATIONS ON EXPENDITURES.

    ``(a) Limitation on Use of Personal Funds.--(1) The aggregate 
amount of expenditures which may be made during an election cycle by an 
eligible Senate candidate or such candidate's authorized committees 
from the sources described in paragraph (2) shall not exceed $25,000.
    ``(2) A source is described in this paragraph if it is--
            ``(A) personal funds of the candidate and members of the 
        candidate's immediate family; or
            ``(B) personal debt incurred by the candidate and members 
        of the candidate's immediate family.
    ``(b) General Election Expenditure Limit.--(1) Except as otherwise 
provided in this title, the aggregate amount of expenditures for a 
general election by an eligible Senate candidate and the candidate's 
authorized committees shall not exceed the lesser of--
            ``(A) $5,500,000; or
            ``(B) the greater of--
                    ``(i) $1,200,000; or
                    ``(ii) $400,000; plus
                            ``(I) 30 cents multiplied by the voting age 
                        population not in excess of 4,000,000; and
                            ``(II) 25 cents multiplied by the voting 
                        age population in excess of 4,000,000.
    ``(2) In the case of an eligible Senate candidate in a State which 
has no more than 1 transmitter for a commercial Very High Frequency 
(VHF) television station licensed to operate in that State, paragraph 
(1)(B)(ii) shall be applied by substituting--
            ``(A) `80 cents' for `30 cents' in subclause (I); and
            ``(B) `70 cents' for `25 cents' in subclause (II).
    ``(3) The amount otherwise determined under paragraph (1) for any 
calendar year shall be increased by the same percentage as the 
percentage increase for such calendar year under section 501(f) 
(relating to indexing).
    ``(c) Legal and Accounting Compliance Fund.--(1) The limitation 
under subsection (b) shall not apply to qualified legal and accounting 
expenditures made by a candidate or the candidate's authorized 
committees or a Federal officeholder from a legal and accounting 
compliance fund meeting the requirements of paragraph (2).
    ``(2) A legal and accounting compliance fund meets the requirements 
of this paragraph if--
            ``(A) the fund is established with respect to qualified 
        legal and accounting expenditures incurred with respect to a 
        particular general election;
            ``(B) the only amounts transferred to the fund are amounts 
        received in accordance with the limitations, prohibitions, and 
        reporting requirements of this Act;
            ``(C) the aggregate amounts transferred to, and 
        expenditures made from, the fund with respect to the election 
        cycle do not exceed the sum of--
                    ``(i) the lesser of--
                            ``(I) 15 percent of the general election 
                        expenditure limit under subsection (b) for the 
                        general election for which the fund was 
                        established; or
                            ``(II) $300,000; plus
                    ``(ii) the amount determined under paragraph (4); 
                and
            ``(D) no funds received by the candidate pursuant to 
        section 503(a)(3) may be transferred to the fund.
    ``(3) For purposes of this subsection, the term `qualified legal 
and accounting expenditures' means the following:
            ``(A) Any expenditures for costs of legal and accounting 
        services provided in connection with--
                    ``(i) any administrative or court proceeding 
                initiated pursuant to this Act for the general election 
                for which the legal and accounting fund was 
                established; or
                    ``(ii) the preparation of any documents or reports 
                required by this Act or the Commission.
            ``(B) Any expenditures for legal and accounting services 
        provided in connection with the general election for which the 
        legal and accounting compliance fund was established to ensure 
        compliance with this Act with respect to the election cycle for 
        such general election.
    ``(4)(A) If, after a general election, a candidate determines that 
the qualified legal and accounting expenditures will exceed the 
limitation under paragraph (2)(C)(i), the candidate may petition the 
Commission by filing with the Secretary of the Senate a request for an 
increase in such limitation. The Commission shall authorize an increase 
in such limitation in the amount (if any) by which the Commission 
determines the qualified legal and accounting expenditures exceed such 
limitation. Such determination shall be subject to judicial review 
under section 506.
    ``(B) Except as provided in section 315, any contribution received 
or expenditure made pursuant to this paragraph shall not be taken into 
account for any contribution or expenditure limit applicable to the 
candidate under this title.
    ``(5) Any funds in a legal and accounting compliance fund shall be 
treated for purposes of this Act as a separate segregated fund, except 
that any portion of the fund not used to pay qualified legal and 
accounting expenditures, and not transferred to a legal and accounting 
compliance fund for the election cycle for the next general election, 
shall be treated in the same manner as other campaign funds for 
purposes of section 313(b).
    ``(d) Payment of Taxes on Earnings.--The limitation under 
subsection (b) shall not apply to any expenditure for Federal, State, 
or local income taxes on the earnings of a candidate's authorized 
committees.
    ``(e) Certain Expenses.--In the case of an eligible Senate 
candidate who holds a Federal office, the limitation under subsection 
(b) shall not apply to ordinary and necessary expenses of travel of 
such individual and the individual's spouse and children between 
Washington, D.C. and the individual's State in connection with the 
individual's activities as a holder of Federal office.
    ``(f) Expenditures.--For purposes of this title, the term 
`expenditure' has the meaning given such term by section 301(9), except 
that in determining any expenditures made by, or on behalf of, a 
candidate or a candidate's authorized committees, section 301(9)(B) 
shall be applied without regard to clause (ii) thereof.

``SEC. 503. BENEFITS ELIGIBLE CANDIDATE ENTITLED TO RECEIVE.

    ``(a) In General.--An eligible Senate candidate shall be entitled 
to--
            ``(1) the broadcast media rates provided under section 
        315(b) of the Communications Act of 1934;
            ``(2) the mailing rates provided in section 3626(e) of 
        title 39, United States Code; and
            ``(3) payments from the Senate Election Campaign fund in an 
        amount equal to--
                    ``(A) the excess expenditure amount determined 
                under subsection (b); and
                    ``(B) the independent expenditure amount determined 
                under subsection (c).
    ``(b) Excess Expenditure Amount.--(1) For purposes of subsection 
(a)(3)(A), except as provided in section 510(d), the amount determined 
under this subsection is, in the case of an eligible Senate candidate 
who has an opponent in the general election who receives contributions, 
or makes (or obligates to make) expenditures, for such election in 
excess of the general election expenditure limit under section 502(b), 
the excess expenditure amount.
    ``(2) For purposes of paragraph (1), the excess expenditure amount 
is the amount determined as follows:
            ``(A) In the case of a major party candidate, an amount 
        equal to the sum of--
                    ``(i) if the excess described in paragraph (1) is 
                less than 133\1/3\ percent of the general election 
                expenditure limit under section 502(b), an amount equal 
                to one-third of such limit applicable to the eligible 
                Senate candidate for the election; plus
                    ``(ii) if such excess equals or exceeds 133\1/3\ 
                percent but is less than 166\2/3\ percent of such 
                limit, an amount equal to one-third of such limit; plus
                    ``(iii) if such excess equals or exceeds 166\2/3\ 
                percent of such limit, an amount equal to one-third of 
                such limit.
            ``(B) In the case of an eligible Senate candidate who is 
        not a major party candidate, an amount equal to the least of 
        the following:
                    ``(i) The allowable contributions of the eligible 
                Senate candidate during the applicable period in excess 
                of the threshold contribution requirement under section 
                501(e).
                    ``(ii) 50 percent of the general election 
                expenditure limit applicable to the eligible Senate 
                candidate under section 502(b).
                    ``(iii) The excess described in paragraph (1).
    ``(c) Independent Expenditure Amount.--For purposes of subsection 
(a)(3)(B), the amount determined under this subsection is the total 
amount of independent expenditures made, or obligated to be made, 
during the general election period by 1 or more persons in opposition 
to, or on behalf of an opponent of, an eligible Senate candidate which 
are required to be reported by such persons under section 304(c) with 
respect to the general election period and are certified by the 
Commission under section 304(c).
    ``(d) Waiver of Expenditure and Contribution Limits.--(1)(A) An 
eligible Senate candidate who receives payments under subsection (a)(3) 
may make expenditures from such payments to defray expenditures for the 
general election without regard to the general election expenditure 
limit under section 502(b).
    ``(B) In the case of an eligible Senate candidate who is not a 
major party candidate, the general election expenditure limit under 
section 502(b) with respect to such candidate shall be increased by the 
amount (if any) by which the excess described in subsection (b)(1) 
exceeds the amount determined under subsection (b)(2)(B) with respect 
to such candidate.
    ``(2)(A) An eligible Senate candidate who receives benefits under 
this section may make expenditures for the general election without 
regard to clause (i) of section 501(c)(1)(D) or subsection (a) or (b) 
of section 502 if any one of the eligible Senate candidate's opponents 
who is not an eligible Senate candidate either raises aggregate 
contributions, or makes or becomes obligated to make aggregate 
expenditures, for the general election that exceed 200 percent of the 
general election expenditure limit applicable to the eligible Senate 
candidate under section 502(b).
    ``(B) The amount of the expenditures which may be made by reason of 
subparagraph (A) shall not exceed 100 percent of the general election 
expenditure limit under section 502(b).
    ``(3)(A) A candidate who receives benefits under this section may 
receive contributions for the general election without regard to clause 
(iii) of section 501(c)(1)(D) if--
            ``(i) a major party candidate in the same general election 
        is not an eligible Senate candidate; or
            ``(ii) any other candidate in the same general election who 
        is not an eligible Senate candidate raises aggregate 
        contributions, or makes or becomes obligated to make aggregate 
        expenditures, for the general election that exceed 75 percent 
        of the general election expenditure limit applicable to such 
        other candidate under section 502(b).
    ``(B) The amount of contributions which may be received by reason 
of subparagraph (A) shall not exceed 100 percent of the general 
election expenditure limit under section 502(b).
    ``(e) Use of Payments.--Payments received by a candidate under 
subsection (a)(3) shall be used to defray expenditures incurred with 
respect to the general election period for the candidate. Such payments 
shall not be used--
            ``(1) except as provided in paragraph (4), to make any 
        payments, directly or indirectly, to such candidate or to any 
        member of the immediate family of such candidate;
            ``(2) to make any expenditure other than expenditures to 
        further the general election of such candidate;
            ``(3) to make any expenditures which constitute a violation 
        of any law of the United States or of the State in which the 
        expenditure is made; or
            ``(4) subject to the provisions of section 315(j), to repay 
        any loan to any person except to the extent the proceeds of 
        such loan were used to further the general election of such 
        candidate.

``SEC. 504. CERTIFICATION BY COMMISSION.

    ``(a) In General.--(1) The Commission shall certify to any 
candidate meeting the requirements of section 501 that such candidate 
is an eligible Senate candidate entitled to benefits under this title. 
The Commission shall revoke such certification if it determines a 
candidate fails to continue to meet such requirements.
    ``(2) No later than 48 hours after an eligible Senate candidate 
files a request with the Secretary of the Senate to receive benefits 
under section 503, the Commission shall issue a certification stating 
whether such candidate is eligible for payments under this title from 
the Senate Election Campaign Fund and the amount of such payments to 
which such candidate is entitled. The request referred to in the 
preceding sentence shall contain--
            ``(A) such information and be made in accordance with such 
        procedures as the Commission may provide by regulation; and
            ``(B) a verification signed by the candidate and the 
        treasurer of the principal campaign committee of such candidate 
        stating that the information furnished in support of the 
        request, to the best of their knowledge, is correct and fully 
        satisfies the requirements of this title.
    ``(b) Determinations by Commission.--All determinations (including 
certifications under subsection (a)) made by the Commission under this 
title shall be final and conclusive, except to the extent that they are 
subject to examination and audit by the Commission under section 505 
and judicial review under section 506.

``SEC. 505. EXAMINATION AND AUDITS; REPAYMENTS; CIVIL PENALTIES.

    ``(a) Examination and Audits.--(1) The Commission shall conduct an 
examination and audit of the campaign account of each eligible Senate 
candidate who accepted benefits under this title to determine, among 
other things, whether the candidate has complied with the expenditure 
limits and conditions of eligibility of this title, and other 
requirements of this Act.
    ``(2) The Commission may conduct an examination and audit of the 
campaign accounts of any candidate in a general election for the office 
of United States Senator if the Commission determines that there exists 
reason to believe that such candidate may have violated any provision 
of this title.
    ``(b) Excess Payments; Revocation of Status.--(1) If the Commission 
determines that payments were made to an eligible Senate candidate 
under this title in excess of the aggregate amounts to which such 
candidate was entitled, the Commission shall so notify such candidate, 
and such candidate shall pay an amount equal to the excess.
    ``(2) If the Commission revokes the certification of a candidate as 
an eligible Senate candidate under section 504(a)(1), the Commission 
shall notify the candidate, and the candidate shall pay an amount equal 
to the payments received under this title.
    ``(c) Misuse of Benefits.--If the Commission determines that any 
amount of any benefit made available to an eligible Senate candidate 
under this title was not used as provided for in this title, the 
Commission shall so notify such candidate and such candidate shall pay 
the amount of such benefit.
    ``(d) Excess Expenditures.--If the Commission determines that any 
eligible Senate candidate who has received benefits under this title 
has made expenditures which in the aggregate exceed--
            ``(1) the primary or runoff expenditure limit under section 
        501(d); or
            ``(2) the general election expenditure limit under section 
        502(b),
the Commission shall so notify such candidate and such candidate shall 
pay an amount equal to the amount of the excess expenditures.
    ``(e) Civil Penalties.--(1) If the Commission determines that a 
candidate has committed a violation described in subsection (c), the 
Commission may assess a civil penalty against such candidate in an 
amount not greater than 200 percent of the amount involved.
    ``(2)(A) Low amount of excess expenditures.--Any eligible Senate 
candidate who makes expenditures that exceed any limitation described 
in paragraph (1) or (2) of subsection (d) by 2.5 percent or less shall 
pay an amount equal to the amount of the excess expenditures.
    ``(B) Medium amount of excess expenditures.--Any eligible Senate 
candidate who makes expenditures that exceed any limitation described 
in paragraph (1) or (2) of subsection (d) by more than 2.5 percent and 
less than 5 percent shall pay an amount equal to three times the amount 
of the excess expenditures.
    ``(C) Large amount of excess expenditures.--Any eligible Senate 
candidate who makes expenditures that exceed any limitation described 
in paragraph (1) or (2) of subsection (d) by 5 percent or more shall 
pay an amount equal to the sum of--
            ``(i) three times the amount of the excess expenditures 
        plus an additional amount determined by the Commission, plus
            ``(ii) if the Commission determines such excess 
        expenditures were willful, an amount equal to the benefits the 
        candidate received under this title.
    ``(f) Unexpended Funds.--Any amount received by an eligible Senate 
candidate under this title and not expended on or before the date of 
the general election shall be repaid within 30 days of the election, 
except that a reasonable amount may be retained for a period not 
exceeding 120 days after the date of the general election for the 
liquidation of all obligations to pay expenditures for the general 
election incurred during the general election period. At the end of 
such 120-day period, any unexpended funds received under this title 
shall be promptly repaid.
    ``(g) Payments Returned to Source.--Any payment, repayment, or 
civil penalty required by this section shall be paid to the entity from 
which benefits under this title were paid to the eligible Senate 
candidate.
    ``(h) Limit on Period for Notification.--No notification shall be 
made by the Commission under this section with respect to an election 
more than three years after the date of such election.

``SEC. 506. JUDICIAL REVIEW.

    ``(a) Judicial Review.--Any agency action by the Commission made 
under the provisions of this title shall be subject to review by the 
United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit 
upon petition filed in such court within thirty days after the agency 
action by the Commission for which review is sought. It shall be the 
duty of the Court of Appeals, ahead of all matters not filed under this 
title, to advance on the docket and expeditiously take action on all 
petitions filed pursuant to this title.
    ``(b) Application of Title 5.--The provisions of chapter 7 of title 
5, United States Code, shall apply to judicial review of any agency 
action by the Commission.
    ``(c) Agency Action.--For purposes of this section, the term 
`agency action' has the meaning given such term by section 551(13) of 
title 5, United States Code.

``SEC. 507. PARTICIPATION BY COMMISSION IN JUDICIAL PROCEEDINGS.

    ``(a) Appearances.--The Commission is authorized to appear in and 
defend against any action instituted under this section and under 
section 506 either by attorneys employed in its office or by counsel 
whom it may appoint without regard to the provisions of title 5, United 
States Code, governing appointments in the competitive service, and 
whose compensation it may fix without regard to the provisions of 
chapter 51 and subchapter III of chapter 53 of such title.
    ``(b) Institution of Actions.--The Commission is authorized, 
through attorneys and counsel described in subsection (a), to institute 
actions in the district courts of the United States to seek recovery of 
any amounts determined under this title to be payable to any entity 
from which benefits under this title were paid.
    ``(c) Injunctive Relief.--The Commission is authorized, through 
attorneys and counsel described in subsection (a), to petition the 
courts of the United States for such injunctive relief as is 
appropriate in order to implement any provision of this title.
    ``(d) Appeals.--The Commission is authorized on behalf of the 
United States to appeal from, and to petition the Supreme Court for 
certiorari to review, judgments or decrees entered with respect to 
actions in which it appears pursuant to the authority provided in this 
section.

``SEC. 508. REPORTS TO CONGRESS; REGULATIONS.

    ``(a) Reports.--The Commission shall, as soon as practicable after 
each election, submit a full report to the Senate setting forth--
            ``(1) the expenditures (shown in such detail as the 
        Commission determines appropriate) made by each eligible Senate 
        candidate and the authorized committees of such candidate;
            ``(2) the amounts certified by the Commission under section 
        504 as benefits available to each eligible Senate candidate;
            ``(3) the amount of repayments, if any, required under 
        section 505 and the reasons for each repayment required; and
            ``(4) the balance in the Senate Election Campaign Fund (and 
        any account thereof).
Each report submitted pursuant to this section shall be printed as a 
Senate document.
    ``(b) Rules and Regulations.--The Commission is authorized to 
prescribe (in accordance with the provisions of subsection (c)) such 
rules and regulations, to conduct such examinations and investigations, 
and to require the keeping and submission of such books, records, and 
information, as it deems necessary to carry out the functions and 
duties imposed on it by this title.
    ``(c) Statement to Senate.--Thirty days before prescribing any rule 
or regulation under subsection (b), the Commission shall transmit to 
the Senate a statement setting forth the proposed rule or regulation 
and containing a detailed explanation and justification of such rule or 
regulation.

``SEC. 509. CLOSED CAPTIONING REQUIREMENT FOR TELEVISION COMMERCIALS OF 
              ELIGIBLE SENATE CANDIDATES.

    ``No eligible Senate candidate may receive amounts under section 
503(a)(3) under section 503(a)(4) unless such candidate has certified 
that any television commercial prepared or distributed by the candidate 
will be prepared in a manner that contains, is accompanied by, or 
otherwise readily permits closed captioning of the oral content of the 
commercial to be broadcast by way of line 21 of the vertical blanking 
interval, or by way of comparable successor technologies.

``SEC. 510. SENATE ELECTION CAMPAIGN FUND.

    ``(a) Establishment of Campaign Fund.--(1) There is hereby 
established on the books of the Treasury of the United States a special 
fund to be known as the Senate Election Campaign Fund (hereafter in 
this section referred to as `the Fund').
    ``(2) There are hereby appropriated to the Fund the following 
amounts:
                    ``(A) Amounts received in the Treasury which are 
                equivalent to the increase in Federal revenues by 
                reason of the repeal of the exempt function income 
                exclusion under section 527 of the Internal Revenue 
                Code of 1986 for authorized committees, and the 
                graduated rates under such section for the principal 
                campaign committee, of any candidate who does not abide 
                by the campaign expenditure limits under this title, 
                but only to the extent such amounts do not exceed the 
                amount certified by the Commission as necessary to 
                carry out the purposes of this title.
                    ``(B) Amounts received in the Treasury which are 
                equivalent to the increase in Federal revenues by 
                reason of the disallowance of deductions for lobbying 
                expenditures, but only to the extent such amounts do 
                not exceed the amount certified by the Commission under 
                subparagraph (A) reduced by amounts appropriated to the 
                Fund under subparagraph (A).
                    ``(C) Amounts transferred to the Fund under any 
                provision of this Act.
                    ``(D) Amounts credited to the Fund under paragraph 
                (3).
    ``(3) The Secretary of the Treasury shall transfer amounts to, and 
manage, the Fund in the manner provided under subchapter B of chapter 
98 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986.
    ``(4) Amounts in the Fund shall, subject to the availability of 
appropriations, be available only for the purposes of--
            ``(A) providing benefits under this title; and
            ``(B) making expenditures in connection with the 
        administration of the Fund.
    ``(5) The Secretary shall maintain such accounts in the Fund as may 
be required by this title or which the Secretary determines to be 
necessary to carry out the provisions of this title.
    ``(b) Payments Upon Certification.--Upon receipt of a certification 
from the Commission under section 504, except as provided in subsection 
(c), the Secretary shall, subject to the availability of 
appropriations, promptly pay the amount certified by the Commission to 
the candidate out of the Fund.
    ``(c) Reductions in Payments if Funds Insufficient.--(1) If, at the 
time of a certification by the Commission under section 504 for payment 
to an eligible candidate, the Secretary determines that the monies in 
the Fund are not, or may not be, sufficient to satisfy the full 
entitlement of all eligible candidates, the Secretary shall withhold 
from the amount of such payment or voucher such amount as the Secretary 
determines to be necessary to assure that each eligible candidate will 
receive the same pro rata share of such candidate's full entitlement.
    ``(2) Amounts withheld under paragraph (1) shall be paid when the 
Secretary determines that there are sufficient monies in the Fund to 
pay all, or a portion thereof, to all eligible candidates from whom 
amounts have been withheld, except that if only a portion is to be 
paid, it shall be paid in such manner that each eligible candidate 
receives an equal pro rata share of such portion.
    ``(3)(A) Not later than December 31 of any calendar year preceding 
a calendar year in which there is a regularly scheduled general 
election, the Secretary, after consultation with the Commission, shall 
make an estimate of--
            ``(i) the amount of monies in the Fund which will be 
        available to make payments required by this title in the 
        succeeding calendar year; and
            ``(ii) the amount of expenditures which will be required 
        under this title in such calendar year.
    ``(B) If the Secretary determines that there will be insufficient 
monies in the Fund to make the expenditures required by this title for 
any calendar year, the Secretary shall notify each candidate on January 
1 of such calendar year (or, if later, the date on which an individual 
becomes a candidate) of the amount which the Secretary estimates will 
be the pro rata reduction in each eligible candidate's payments under 
this subsection. Such notice shall be by registered mail.
    ``(C) The amount of the eligible candidate's contribution limit 
under section 501(c)(1)(D)(iii) shall be increased by the amount of the 
estimated pro rata reduction.
    ``(4) The Secretary shall notify the Commission and each eligible 
candidate by registered mail of any actual reduction in the amount of 
any payment by reason of this subsection. If the amount of the 
reduction exceeds the amount estimated under paragraph (3), the 
candidate's contribution limit under section 501(c)(1)(D)(iii) shall be 
increased by the amount of such excess.''.
    (b) Effective Dates.--(1) Except as provided in this subsection, 
the amendment made by subsection (a) shall apply to elections occurring 
after December 31, 1994.
    (2) For purposes of any expenditure or contribution limit imposed 
by the amendment made by subsection (a)--
            (A) no expenditure made before January 1, 1994, shall be 
        taken into account, except that there shall be taken into 
        account any such expenditure for goods or services to be 
        provided after such date; and
            (B) all cash, cash items, and Government securities on hand 
        as of January 1, 1994, shall be taken into account in 
        determining whether the contribution limit is met, except that 
        there shall not be taken into account amounts used during the 
        60-day period beginning on January 1, 1994, to pay for 
        expenditures which were incurred (but unpaid) before such date.
    (c) Effect of Invalidity on Other Provisions of Act.--If section 
501, 502, or 503 of title V of FECA (as added by this section), or any 
part thereof, is held to be invalid, all provisions of, and amendments 
made by, this Act shall be treated as invalid.

SEC. 102. BAN ON ACTIVITIES OF POLITICAL ACTION COMMITTEES IN FEDERAL 
              ELECTIONS.

    (a) In General.--Title III of FECA (2 U.S.C. 431 et seq.), as 
amended by section 404, is amended by adding at the end thereof the 
following new section:

  ``ban on federal election activities by political action committees

    ``Sec. 327. (a) Notwithstanding any other provision of this Act, no 
person other than an individual or a political committee may make 
contributions, solicit or receive contributions, or make expenditures 
for the purpose of influencing an election for Federal office.
    ``(b) In the case of individuals who are executive or 
administrative personnel of an employer--
            ``(1) no contributions may be made by such individuals--
                    ``(A) to any political committees established and 
                maintained by any political party; or
                    ``(B) to any candidate for nomination for election, 
                or election, to Federal office or the candidate's 
                authorized committees,
        unless such contributions are not being made at the direction 
        of, or otherwise controlled or influenced by, the employer; and
            ``(2) the aggregate amount of such contributions by all 
        such individuals in any calendar year shall not exceed--
                    ``(A) $20,000 in the case of such political 
                committees; and
                    ``(B) $5,000 in the case of any such candidate and 
                the candidate's authorized committees.''.
    (b) Definition of Political Committee.--(1) Paragraph (4) of 
section 301 of FECA (2 U.S.C. 431(4)) is amended to read as follows:
            ``(4) The term `political committee' means--
                    ``(A) the principal campaign committee of a 
                candidate;
                    ``(B) any national, State, or district committee of 
                a political party, including any subordinate committee 
                thereof; and
                    ``(C) any local committee of a political party 
                which--
                            ``(i) receives contributions aggregating in 
                        excess of $5,000 during a calendar year;
                            ``(ii) makes payments exempted from the 
                        definition of contribution or expenditure under 
                        paragraph (8) or (9) aggregating in excess of 
                        $5,000 during a calendar year;
                            ``(iii) makes contributions or expenditures 
                        aggregating in excess of $1,000 during a 
                        calendar year; or
                    ``(D) any committee described in section 
                315(a)(8)(D)(i)(III).''.
    (2) Section 316(b)(2) of FECA (2 U.S.C. 441b(b)(2)) is amended by 
striking subparagraph (C).
    (c) Candidate's Committees.--(1) Section 315(a) of FECA (2 U.S.C. 
441a(a)) is amended by adding at the end thereof the following new 
paragraph:
    ``(9) For the purposes of the limitations provided by paragraphs 
(1) and (2), any political committee which is established or financed 
or maintained or controlled by any candidate or Federal officeholder 
shall be deemed to be an authorized committee of such candidate or 
officeholder. Nothing in this paragraph shall be construed to permit 
the establishment, financing, maintenance, or control of any committee 
which is prohibited by paragraph (3) or (6) of section 302(e).''.
    (2) Section 302(e)(3) of FECA (2 U.S.C. 432) is amended to read as 
follows:
    ``(3) No political committee that supports or has supported more 
than one candidate may be designated as an authorized committee, except 
that--
            ``(A) a candidate for the office of President nominated by 
        a political party may designate the national committee of such 
        political party as the candidate's principal campaign 
        committee, but only if that national committee maintains 
        separate books of account with respect to its functions as a 
        principal campaign committee; and
            ``(B) a candidate may designate a political committee 
        established solely for the purpose of joint fundraising by such 
        candidates as an authorized committee.''.
    (d) Rules Applicable When Ban Not in Effect.--For purposes of the 
Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971, during any period beginning 
after the effective date in which the limitation under section 327 of 
such Act (as added by subsection (a)) is not in effect--
            (1) the amendments made by subsections (a), (b), and (c) 
        shall not be in effect;
            (2) in the case of a candidate for election, or nomination 
        for election, to Federal office (and such candidate's 
        authorized committees), section 315(a)(2)(A) of FECA (2 U.S.C. 
        441a(a)(2)(A)) shall be applied by substituting ``$1,000'' for 
        ``$5,000'';
            (3) it shall be unlawful for a multicandidate political 
        committee to make a contribution to a candidate for election, 
        or nomination for election, to Federal office (or an authorized 
        committee) to the extent that the making or accepting of the 
        contribution will cause the amount of contributions received by 
        the candidate and the candidate's authorized committees from 
        multicandidate political committees to exceed the lesser of--
                    (A) $825,000; or
                    (B) 20 percent of the aggregate Federal election 
                spending limits applicable to the candidate for the 
                election cycle.
        The $825,000 amount in paragraph (3) shall be increased as of 
        the beginning of each calendar year based on the increase in 
        the price index determined under section 315(c) of FECA, except 
        that for purposes of paragraph (3), the base period shall be 
        the calendar year 1996. A candidate or authorized committee 
        that receives a contribution from a multicandidate political 
        committee in excess of the amount allowed under paragraph (3) 
        shall return the amount of such excess contribution to the 
        contributor.
    (e) Rule Ensuring Prohibition on Direct Corporate and Labor 
Spending.--If section 316(a) of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 
1971 is held to be invalid by reason of the amendments made by this 
section, then the amendments made by subsections (a), (b), and (c) of 
this section shall not apply to contributions by any political 
committee that is directly or indirectly established, administered, or 
supported by a connected organization which is a bank, corporation, or 
other organization described in such section 316(a).
    (f) Restrictions on Contributions to Political Committees.--
Paragraphs (1)(D) and (2)(D) of section 315(a) of FECA (2 U.S.C. 
441a(a) (1)(D) and (2)(D)), as redesignated by section 312, are each 
amended by striking ``$5,000'' and inserting ``$1,000''.
    (g) Effective Dates.--(1) Except as provided in paragraph (2), the 
amendments made by this section shall apply to elections (and the 
election cycles relating thereto) occurring after December 31, 1994.
    (2) In applying the amendments made by this section, there shall 
not be taken into account--
            (A) contributions made or received before January 1, 1994; 
        or
            (B) contributions made to, or received by, a candidate on 
        or after January 1, 1994, to the extent such contributions are 
        not greater than the excess (if any) of--
                    (i) such contributions received by any opponent of 
                the candidate before January 1, 1994, over
                    (ii) such contributions received by the candidate 
                before January 1, 1994.

SEC. 103. REPORTING REQUIREMENTS.

    Title III of FECA is amended by adding after section 304 the 
following new section:

             ``reporting requirements for senate candidates

    ``Sec. 304A. (a) Candidate Other Than Eligible Senate Candidate.--
(1) Each candidate for the office of United States Senator who does not 
file a certification with the Secretary of the Senate under section 
501(c) shall file with the Secretary of the Senate a declaration as to 
whether such candidate intends to make expenditures for the general 
election in excess of the general election expenditure limit applicable 
to an eligible Senate candidate under section 502(b). Such declaration 
shall be filed at the time provided in section 501(c)(2).
    ``(2) Any candidate for the United States Senate who qualifies for 
the ballot for a general election--
            ``(A) who is not an eligible Senate candidate under section 
        501; and
            ``(B) who either raises aggregate contributions, or makes 
        or obligates to make aggregate expenditures, for the general 
        election which exceed 75 percent of the general election 
        expenditure limit applicable to an eligible Senate candidate 
        under section 502(b),
shall file a report with the Secretary of the Senate within 2 business 
days after such contributions have been raised or such expenditures 
have been made or obligated to be made (or, if later, within 2 business 
days after the date of qualification for the general election ballot), 
setting forth the candidate's total contributions and total 
expenditures for such election as of such date. Thereafter, such 
candidate shall file additional reports (until such contributions or 
expenditures exceed 200 percent of such limit) with the Secretary of 
the Senate within 2 business days after each time additional 
contributions are raised, or expenditures are made or are obligated to 
be made, which in the aggregate exceed an amount equal to 10 percent of 
such limit and after the total contributions or expenditures exceed 
100, 133\1/3\, 166\2/3\, and 200 percent of such limit.
    ``(3) The Commission--
            ``(A) shall, within 2 business days of receipt of a 
        declaration or report under paragraph (1) or (2), notify each 
        eligible Senate candidate in the election involved about such 
        declaration or report; and
            ``(B) if an opposing candidate has raised aggregate 
        contributions, or made or has obligated to make aggregate 
        expenditures, in excess of the applicable general election 
        expenditure limit under section 502(b), shall certify, pursuant 
        to the provisions of subsection (d), such eligibility for 
        payment of any amount to which such eligible Senate candidate 
        is entitled under section 503(a).
    ``(4) Notwithstanding the reporting requirements under this 
subsection, the Commission may make its own determination that a 
candidate in a general election who is not an eligible Senate candidate 
has raised aggregate contributions, or made or has obligated to make 
aggregate expenditures, in the amounts which would require a report 
under paragraph (2). The Commission shall, within 2 business days after 
making each such determination, notify each eligible Senate candidate 
in the general election involved about such determination, and shall, 
when such contributions or expenditures exceed the general election 
expenditure limit under section 502(b), certify (pursuant to the 
provisions of subsection (d)) such candidate's eligibility for payment 
of any amount under section 503(a).
    ``(b) Reports on Personal Funds.--(1) Any candidate for the United 
States Senate who during the election cycle expends more than the 
limitation under section 502(a) during the election cycle from his 
personal funds, the funds of his immediate family, and personal loans 
incurred by the candidate and the candidate's immediate family shall 
file a report with the Secretary of the Senate within 2 business days 
after such expenditures have been made or loans incurred.
    ``(2) The Commission within 2 business days after a report has been 
filed under paragraph (1) shall notify each eligible Senate candidate 
in the election involved about each such report.
    ``(3) Notwithstanding the reporting requirements under this 
subsection, the Commission may make its own determination that a 
candidate for the United States Senate has made expenditures in excess 
of the amount under paragraph (1). The Commission within 2 business 
days after making such determination shall notify each eligible Senate 
candidate in the general election involved about each such 
determination.
    ``(c) Candidates for Other Offices.--(1) Each individual--
            ``(A) who becomes a candidate for the office of United 
        States Senator;
            ``(B) who, during the election cycle for such office, held 
        any other Federal, State, or local office or was a candidate 
        for such other office; and
            ``(C) who expended any amount during such election cycle 
        before becoming a candidate for the office of United States 
        Senator which would have been treated as an expenditure if such 
        individual had been such a candidate, including amounts for 
        activities to promote the image or name recognition of such 
        individual,
shall, within 7 days of becoming a candidate for the office of United 
States Senator, report to the Secretary of the Senate the amount and 
nature of such expenditures.
    ``(2) Paragraph (1) shall not apply to any expenditures in 
connection with a Federal, State, or local election which has been held 
before the individual becomes a candidate for the office of United 
States Senator.
    ``(3) The Commission shall, as soon as practicable, make a 
determination as to whether the amounts included in the report under 
paragraph (1) were made for purposes of influencing the election of the 
individual to the office of United States Senator.
    ``(4) The Commission shall certify to the individual and such 
individual's opponents the amounts the Commission determines to be 
described in paragraph (3) and such amounts shall be treated as 
expenditures for purposes of this Act.
    ``(d) Certifications.--Notwithstanding section 504(a), the 
certification required by this section shall be made by the Commission 
on the basis of reports filed in accordance with the provisions of this 
Act, or on the basis of the Commission's own investigation or 
determination.
    ``(e) Shorter Periods for Reports and Notices During Election 
Week.--Any report, determination, or notice required by reason of an 
event occurring during the 7-day period ending with the general 
election shall be made within 24 hours (rather than 2 business days) of 
the event.
    ``(f) Copies of Reports and Public Inspection.--The Secretary of 
the Senate shall transmit a copy of any report or filing received under 
this section or under title V as soon as possible (but no later than 4 
working hours of the Commission) after receipt of such report or 
filing, and shall make such report or filing available for public 
inspection and copying in the same manner as the Commission under 
section 311(a)(4), and shall preserve such reports and filings in the 
same manner as the Commission under section 311(a)(5).
    ``(g) Definitions.--For purposes of this section, any term used in 
this section which is used in title V shall have the same meaning as 
when used in title V.''.

SEC. 104. DISCLOSURE BY NONELIGIBLE CANDIDATES.

    Section 318 of FECA (2 U.S.C. 441d), as amended by section 134, is 
amended by adding at the end thereof the following:
    ``(f) If a broadcast, cablecast, or other communication is paid for 
or authorized by a candidate in the general election for the office of 
United States Senator who is not an eligible Senate candidate, or the 
authorized committee of such candidate, such communication shall 
contain the following sentence: `This candidate has not agreed to 
voluntary campaign spending limits.'.''.

SEC. 105. EXCESS CAMPAIGN FUNDS OF SENATE CANDIDATES.

    Section 313 of FECA (2 U.S.C. 439a) is amended--
            (1) by inserting ``(a) In General.--'' before ``Amounts''; 
        and
            (2) by adding at the end the following new subsection:
    ``(b) Return of Excess Campaign Funds.--(1) Except as provided in 
paragraph (2), and notwithstanding subsection (a), if a candidate for 
the Senate has amounts in excess of amounts necessary to defray 
campaign expenditures for any election cycle, including any fines or 
penalties relating thereto, such candidate shall, not later than 1 year 
after the date of the general election for such cycle, expend such 
excess in the manner described in subsection (a) or transfer it to the 
Senate Election Campaign Fund established under section 510.
    ``(2) Paragraph (1) shall not apply to any amounts--
            ``(A) transferred to a legal and accounting compliance fund 
        established under section 502(c); or
            ``(B) transferred for use in the next election cycle to the 
        extent such amounts do not exceed 20 percent of the sum of the 
        primary election expenditure limit under section 501(d)(1)(A) 
        and the general election expenditure limit under section 502(b) 
        for the election cycle from which the amounts are being 
        transferred.''.

SEC. 106. RESTRICTIONS ON USE OF CAMPAIGN FUNDS.

    (a) Restrictions On Use of Campaign Funds.--Title III of the 
Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 (2 U.S.C. 431 et seq.) is amended 
by adding at the end the following new section:
    ``Sec. 327. (a) An individual who receives contributions as a 
candidate for Federal office--
            ``(1) may use such contributions only for legitimate and 
        verifiable campaign expenses; and
            ``(2) may not use such contributions for any inherently 
        personal purpose.
    ``(b) As used in this subsection--
            ``(1) the term `campaign expenses' means expenses 
        attributable solely to bona fide campaign purposes; and
            ``(2) the term `inherently personal purpose' means a 
        purpose that, by its nature, confers a personal benefit, and 
        such term includes, but is not limited to, a home mortgage 
        payment, clothing purchase, noncampaign automobile expense, 
        country club membership, vacations or trips of a non-campaign 
        nature, and any other inherently personal living expense as 
        determined under the regulations mandated by section 106(b) of 
        the Congressional Campaign Spending Limit and Election Reform 
        Act of 1993.''.
    (b) Regulations.--For the purposes of subsection (a), the Federal 
Election Commission shall, not later than 90 days after the date of 
enactment of subsection (a), prescribe regulations to implement the 
subsection. Such regulations shall apply to all contributions possessed 
by an individual at the time of implementation of this section.

                     Subtitle B--General Provisions

SEC. 131. BROADCAST RATES AND PREEMPTION.

    (a) Broadcast Rates.--Section 315(b) of the Communications Act of 
1934 (47 U.S.C. 315(b)) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (1)--
                    (A) by striking ``forty-five'' and inserting 
                ``30''; and
                    (B) by striking ``lowest unit charge of the station 
                for the same class and amount of time for the same 
                period'' and inserting ``lowest charge of the station 
                for the same amount of time for the same period on the 
                same date''; and
            (2) by adding at the end the following new sentence:
``In the case of an eligible Senate candidate (as defined in section 
301(19) of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971), the charges for 
the use of a television broadcasting station during the 60-day period 
referred to in paragraph (1) shall not exceed 50 percent of the lowest 
charge described in paragraph (1), except that this sentence shall not 
apply to broadcasts which are to be paid by vouchers which are received 
under section 503(c)(4) by reason of the independent expenditure 
amount.''.
    (b) Preemption; Access.--Section 315 of such Act (47 U.S.C. 315) is 
amended by redesignating subsections (c) and (d) as subsections (d) and 
(e), respectively, and by inserting immediately after subsection (b) 
the following new subsection:
    ``(c)(1) Except as provided in paragraph (2), a licensee shall not 
preempt the use, during any period specified in subsection (b)(1), of a 
broadcasting station by a legally qualified candidate for public office 
who has purchased and paid for such use pursuant to the provisions of 
subsection (b)(1).
    ``(2) If a program to be broadcast by a broadcasting station is 
preempted because of circumstances beyond the control of the 
broadcasting station, any candidate advertising spot scheduled to be 
broadcast during that program may also be preempted.''.
    (c) Revocation of License for Failure To Permit Access.--Section 
312(a)(7) of such Act (47 U.S.C. 312(a)(7)) is amended--
            (1) by striking ``or repeated'';
            (2) by inserting ``or cable system'' after ``broadcasting 
        station''; and
            (3) by striking ``his candidacy'' and inserting ``his or 
        her candidacy, under the same terms, conditions, and business 
        practices as apply to its most favored advertiser''.

SEC. 132. EXTENSION OF REDUCED THIRD-CLASS MAILING RATES TO ELIGIBLE 
              SENATE CANDIDATES.

    Section 3626(e) of title 39, United States Code, is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (2)(A)--
                    (A) by striking ``and the National'' and inserting 
                ``the National''; and
                    (B) by striking ``Committee;'' and inserting 
                ``Committee, and, subject to paragraph (3), the 
                principal campaign committee of an eligible Senate 
                candidate;'';
            (2) in paragraph (2)(B), by striking ``and'' after the 
        semicolon;
            (3) in paragraph (2)(C), by striking the period and 
        inserting ``; and'';
            (4) by adding after paragraph (2)(C) the following new 
        subparagraph:
            ``(D) the terms `eligible Senate candidate' and `principal 
        campaign committee' have the meanings given those terms in 
        section 301 of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971.''; 
        and
            (5) by adding after paragraph (2) the following new 
        paragraph:
    ``(3) The rate made available under this subsection with respect to 
an eligible Senate candidate shall apply only to--
            ``(A) the general election period (as defined in section 
        301 of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971); and
            ``(B) that number of pieces of mail equal to 2 times the 
        number of individuals in the voting age population (as 
        certified under section 315(e) of such Act) of the State.''.

SEC. 133. REPORTING REQUIREMENTS FOR CERTAIN INDEPENDENT EXPENDITURES.

    (a) In General.--Section 304 of FECA (2 U.S.C. 434) is amended by 
adding at the end the following new subsection:
    ``(d) Time for Reporting Certain Expenditures.--(1) Any person 
making independent expenditures aggregating $1,000 or more after the 
20th day, but more than 24 hours, before any election shall file a 
report of such expenditures within 24 hours after such expenditures are 
made.
    ``(2) Any person making independent expenditures aggregating 
$10,000 or more at any time up to and including the 20th day before any 
election shall file a report within 48 hours after such expenditures 
are made. An additional statement shall be filed each time independent 
expenditures aggregating $10,000 are made with respect to the same 
election as the initial statement filed under this section.
    ``(3) Any statement under this subsection shall be filed with the 
Secretary of the Senate or the Commission, and the Secretary of State 
of the State involved, as appropriate, and shall contain the 
information required by subsection (b)(6)(B)(iii) of this section, 
including whether the independent expenditure is in support of, or in 
opposition to, the candidate involved. The Secretary of the Senate 
shall as soon as possible (but not later than 4 working hours of the 
Commission) after receipt of a statement transmit it to the Commission. 
Not later than 48 hours after the Commission receives a report, the 
Commission shall transmit a copy of the report to each candidate 
seeking nomination or election to that office.
    ``(4) For purposes of this subsection, an expenditure shall be 
treated as made when it is made or obligated to be made.
    ``(5)(A) If any person intends to make independent expenditures 
totaling $5,000 or more during the 20 days before an election, such 
person shall file a statement no later than the 20th day before the 
election.
    ``(B) Any statement under subparagraph (A) shall be filed with the 
Secretary of the Senate or the Commission, and the Secretary of State 
of the State involved, as appropriate, and shall identify each 
candidate whom the expenditure will support or oppose. The Secretary of 
the Senate shall as soon as possible (but not later than 4 working 
hours of the Commission) after receipt of a statement transmit it to 
the Commission. Not later than 48 hours after the Commission receives a 
statement under this paragraph, the Commission shall transmit a copy of 
the statement to each candidate identified.
    ``(6) The Commission may make its own determination that a person 
has made, or has incurred obligations to make, independent expenditures 
with respect to any Federal election which in the aggregate exceed the 
applicable amounts under paragraph (1) or (2). The Commission shall 
notify each candidate in such election of such determination within 24 
hours of making it.
    ``(7) At the same time as a candidate is notified under paragraph 
(3), (5), or (6) with respect to expenditures during a general election 
period, the Commission shall certify eligibility to receive benefits 
under section 503(a).
    ``(8) The Secretary of the Senate shall make any statement received 
under this subsection available for public inspection and copying in 
the same manner as the Commission under section 311(a)(4), and shall 
preserve such statements in the same manner as the Commission under 
section 311(a)(5).''.
    (b) Conforming Amendment.--Section 304(c)(2) of FECA (2 U.S.C. 
434(c)(2)) is amended by striking the undesignated matter after 
subparagraph (C).

SEC. 134. CAMPAIGN ADVERTISING AMENDMENTS.

    Section 318 of FECA (2 U.S.C. 441d) is amended--
            (1) in the matter before paragraph (1) of subsection (a), 
        by striking ``Whenever'' and inserting ``Whenever a political 
        committee makes a disbursement for the purpose of financing any 
        communication through any broadcasting station, newspaper, 
        magazine, outdoor advertising facility, mailing, or any other 
        type of general public political advertising, or whenever'';
            (2) in the matter before paragraph (1) of subsection (a), 
        by striking ``an expenditure'' and inserting ``a 
        disbursement'';
            (3) in the matter before paragraph (1) of subsection (a), 
        by striking ``direct'';
            (4) in paragraph (3) of subsection (a), by inserting after 
        ``name'' the following ``and permanent street address''; and
            (5) by adding at the end the following new subsections:
    ``(c) Any printed communication described in subsection (a) shall 
be--
            ``(1) of sufficient type size to be clearly readable by the 
        recipient of the communication;
            ``(2) contained in a printed box set apart from the other 
        contents of the communication; and
            ``(3) consist of a reasonable degree of color contrast 
        between the background and the printed statement.
    ``(d)(1) Any broadcast or cablecast communication described in 
subsection (a)(1) or subsection (a)(2) shall include, in addition to 
the requirements of those subsections, an audio statement by the 
candidate that identifies the candidate and states that the candidate 
has approved the communication.
    ``(2) If a broadcast or cablecast communication described in 
paragraph (1) is broadcast or cablecast by means of television, the 
communication shall include, in addition to the audio statement under 
paragraph (1), a written statement which--
                    ``(A) states: `I, (name of the candidate), am a 
                candidate for (the office the candidate is seeking) and 
                I have approved this message';
                    ``(B) appears at the end of the communication in a 
                clearly readable manner with a reasonable degree of 
                color contrast between the background and the printed 
                statement, for a period of at least 4 seconds; and
                    ``(C) is accompanied by a clearly identifiable 
                photographic or similar image of the candidate.
    ``(e) Any broadcast or cablecast communication described in 
subsection (a)(3) shall include, in addition to the requirements of 
those subsections, in a clearly spoken manner, the following 
statement--
            `             is responsible for the content of this 
        advertisement.'
with the blank to be filled in with the name of the political committee 
or other person paying for the communication and the name of any 
connected organization of the payor; and, if broadcast or cablecast by 
means of television, shall also appear in a clearly readable manner 
with a reasonable degree of color contrast between the background and 
the printed statement, for a period of at least 4 seconds.''.

SEC. 135. DEFINITIONS.

    (a) In General.--Section 301 of FECA (2 U.S.C. 431) is amended by 
striking paragraph (19) and inserting the following new paragraphs:
    ``(19) The term `eligible Senate candidate' means a candidate who 
is certified under section 504 as eligible to receive benefits under 
title V.
    ``(20) The term `general election' means any election which will 
directly result in the election of a person to a Federal office. Such 
term includes a primary election which may result in the election of a 
person to a Federal office.
    ``(21) The term `general election period' means, with respect to 
any candidate, the period beginning on the day after the date of the 
primary or runoff election for the specific office the candidate is 
seeking, whichever is later, and ending on the earlier of--
            ``(A) the date of such general election; or
            ``(B) the date on which the candidate withdraws from the 
        campaign or otherwise ceases actively to seek election.
    ``(22) The term `immediate family' means--
            ``(A) a candidate's spouse;
            ``(B) a child, stepchild, parent, grandparent, brother, 
        half-brother, sister or half-sister of the candidate or the 
        candidate's spouse; and
            ``(C) the spouse of any person described in subparagraph 
        (B).
    ``(23) The term `major party' has the meaning given such term in 
section 9002(6) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, except that if a 
candidate qualified for the ballot in a general election in an open 
primary in which all the candidates for the office participated and 
which resulted in the candidate and at least one other candidate 
qualifying for the ballot in the general election, such candidate shall 
be treated as a candidate of a major party for purposes of title V.
    ``(24) The term `primary election' means an election which may 
result in the selection of a candidate for the ballot in a general 
election for a Federal office.
    ``(25) The term `primary election period' means, with respect to 
any candidate, the period beginning on the day following the date of 
the last election for the specific office the candidate is seeking and 
ending on the earlier of--
            ``(A) the date of the first primary election for that 
        office following the last general election for that office; or
            ``(B) the date on which the candidate withdraws from the 
        election or otherwise ceases actively to seek election.
    ``(26) The term `runoff election' means an election held after a 
primary election which is prescribed by applicable State law as the 
means for deciding which candidate will be on the ballot in the general 
election for a Federal office.
    ``(27) The term `runoff election period' means, with respect to any 
candidate, the period beginning on the day following the date of the 
last primary election for the specific office such candidate is seeking 
and ending on the date of the runoff election for such office.
    ``(28) The term `voting age population' means the resident 
population, 18 years of age or older, as certified pursuant to section 
315(e).
    ``(29) The term `election cycle' means--
            ``(A) in the case of a candidate or the authorized 
        committees of a candidate, the term beginning on the day after 
        the date of the most recent general election for the specific 
        office or seat which such candidate seeks and ending on the 
        date of the next general election for such office or seat; or
            ``(B) for all other persons, the term beginning on the 
        first day following the date of the last general election and 
        ending on the date of the next general election.''.
    (b) Identification.--Section 301(13) of FECA (2 U.S.C. 431(13)) is 
amended by striking ``mailing address'' and inserting ``permanent 
residence address''.

SEC. 136. PROVISIONS RELATING TO FRANKED MASS MAILINGS.

    Section 3210(a)(6)(C) of title 39, United States Code, is amended--
            (1) by striking ``if such mass mailing is postmarked fewer 
        than 60 days immediately before the date'' and inserting ``if 
        such mass mailing is postmarked during the calendar year''; and
            (2) by inserting ``or reelection'' immediately before the 
        period.

                   TITLE II--INDEPENDENT EXPENDITURES

SEC. 201. CLARIFICATION OF DEFINITIONS RELATING TO INDEPENDENT 
              EXPENDITURES.

    (a) Independent Expenditure Definition Amendment.--Section 301 of 
FECA (2 U.S.C. 431) is amended by striking paragraphs (17) and (18) and 
inserting the following:
    ``(17)(A) The term `independent expenditure' means an expenditure 
for an advertisement or other communication that--
            ``(i) contains express advocacy; and
            ``(ii) is made without the participation or cooperation of 
        a candidate or a candidate's representative.
    ``(B) The following shall not be considered an independent 
expenditure:
            ``(i) An expenditure made by a political committee of a 
        political party.
            ``(ii) An expenditure made by a person who, during the 
        election cycle, has communicated with or received information 
        from a candidate or a representative of that candidate 
        regarding activities that have the purpose of influencing that 
        candidate's election to Federal office, where the expenditure 
        is in support of that candidate or in opposition to another 
        candidate for that office.
            ``(iii) An expenditure if there is any arrangement, 
        coordination, or direction with respect to the expenditure 
        between the candidate or the candidate's agent and the person 
        making the expenditure.
            ``(iv) An expenditure if, in the same election cycle, the 
        person making the expenditure is or has been--
                    ``(I) authorized to raise or expend funds on behalf 
                of the candidate or the candidate's authorized 
                committees; or
                    ``(II) serving as a member, employee, or agent of 
                the candidate's authorized committees in an executive 
                or policymaking position.
            ``(v) An expenditure if the person making the expenditure 
        has advised or counseled the candidate or the candidate's 
        agents at any time on the candidate's plans, projects, or needs 
        relating to the candidate's pursuit of nomination for election, 
        or election, to Federal office, in the same election cycle, 
        including any advice relating to the candidate's decision to 
        seek Federal office.
            ``(vi) An expenditure if the person making the expenditure 
        retains the professional services of any individual or other 
        person also providing services in the same election cycle to 
        the candidate in connection with the candidate's pursuit of 
        nomination for election, or election, to Federal office, 
        including any services relating to the candidate's decision to 
        seek Federal office.
            ``(vii) An expenditure if the person making the expenditure 
        has consulted at any time during the calendar year in which the 
        election is to be held about the candidate's plans, projects, 
        or needs relating to the candidate's pursuit of nomination for 
        election, or election, to Federal office, with--
                    ``(I) any officer, director, employee or agent of a 
                party committee that has made or intends to make 
                expenditures or contributions, pursuant to subsections 
                (a), (d), or (h) of section 315 in connection with the 
                candidate's campaign; or
                    ``(II) any person whose professional services have 
                been retained by a political party committee that has 
                made or intends to make expenditures or contributions 
                pursuant to subsections (a), (d), or (h) of section 315 
                in connection with the candidate's campaign.
For purposes of this subparagraph, the person making the expenditure 
shall include any officer, director, employee, or agent of such person, 
and the term `professional services shall include any services (other 
than legal and accounting services for purposes of ensuring compliance 
with this Act) in support of any candidate's or candidates' pursuit of 
nomination for election, or election, to Federal office.
    ``(18) The term `express advocacy' means, when a communication is 
taken as a whole and with limited reference to external events, an 
expression of support for or opposition to a specific candidate, to a 
specific group of candidates, or to candidates of a particular 
political party, or a suggestion to take action with respect to an 
election, such as to vote for or against, make contributions to, or 
participate in campaign activity.''.
    (b) Contribution Definition Amendment.--Section 301(8)(A) of FECA 
(2 U.S.C. 431(8)(A)) is amended--
            (1) in clause (i), by striking ``or'' after the semicolon 
        at the end;
            (2) in clause (ii), by striking the period at the end and 
        inserting ``; or''; and
            (3) by adding at the end the following new clause:
            ``(iii) any payment or other transaction referred to in 
        paragraph (17)(A)(i) that does not qualify as an independent 
        expenditure under paragraph (17)(A)(ii).''.

SEC. 202. EQUAL BROADCAST TIME.

    Section 315(a) of the Communications Act of 1934 (47 U.S.C. 315(a)) 
is amended to read as follows:
    ``(a)(1) If a licensee permits any person who is a legally 
qualified candidate for public office to use a broadcasting station 
other than any use required to be provided under paragraph (2), the 
licensee shall afford equal opportunities to all other such candidates 
for that office in the use of the broadcasting station.
    ``(2)(A) A person who reserves broadcast time the payment for which 
would constitute an independent expenditure within the meaning of 
section 301(17) of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 (2 U.S.C. 
431(17)) shall--
            ``(i) inform the licensee that payment for the broadcast 
        time will constitute an independent expenditure;
            ``(ii) inform the licensee of the names of all candidates 
        for the office to which the proposed broadcast relates and 
        state whether the message to be broadcast is intended to be 
        made in support of or in opposition to each such candidate; and
            ``(iii) provide the licensee a copy of the statement 
        described in section 304(d) of the Federal Election Campaign 
        Act of 1971 (2 U.S.C. 434(d)).
    ``(B) A licensee who is informed as described in subparagraph (A) 
shall--
            ``(i) if any of the candidates described in subparagraph 
        (A)(ii) has provided the licensee the name and address of a 
        person to whom notification under this subparagraph is to be 
        given--
                    ``(I) notify such person of the proposed making of 
                the independent expenditure; and
                    ``(II) allow any such candidate (other than a 
                candidate for whose benefit the independent expenditure 
                is made) to purchase the same amount of broadcast time 
                immediately after the broadcast time paid for by the 
                independent expenditure; and
            ``(ii) in the case of an opponent of a candidate for whose 
        benefit the independent expenditure is made who certifies to 
        the licensee that the opponent is eligible to have the cost of 
        response broadcast time paid using funds derived from a payment 
        made under section 503(a)(3)(B) of the Federal Election 
        Campaign Act of 1971, afford the opponent such broadcast time 
        without requiring payment in advance and at the cost specified 
        in subsection (b).
    ``(3) A licensee shall have no power of censorship over the 
material broadcast under this section.
    ``(4) Except as provided in paragraph (2), no obligation is imposed 
under this subsection upon any licensee to allow the use of its station 
by any candidate.
    ``(5)(A) Appearance by a legally qualified candidate on a--
            ``(i) bona fide newscast;
            ``(ii) bona fide news interview;
            ``(iii) bona fide news documentary (if the appearance of 
        the candidate is incidental to the presentation of the subject 
        or subjects covered by the news documentary); or
            ``(iv) on-the-spot coverage of bona fide news events 
        (including political conventions and activities incidental 
        thereto),
shall not be deemed to be use of a broadcasting station within the 
meaning of this subsection.
    ``(B) Nothing in subparagraph (A) shall be construed as relieving 
broadcasters, in connection with the presentation of newscasts, news 
interviews, news documentaries, and on-the-spot coverage of news 
events, from their obligation under this Act to operate in the public 
interest and to afford reasonable opportunity for the discussion of 
conflicting views on issues of public importance.
    ``(6)(A) A licensee that endorses a candidate for Federal office in 
an editorial shall, within the time stated in subparagraph (B), provide 
to all other candidates for election to the same office--
            ``(i) notice of the date and time of broadcast of the 
        editorial;
            ``(ii) a taped or printed copy of the editorial; and
            ``(iii) a reasonable opportunity to broadcast a response 
        using the licensee's facilities.
    ``(B) In the case of an editorial described in subparagraph (A) 
that--
            ``(i) is first broadcast 72 hours or more prior to the date 
        of a primary, runoff, or general election, the notice and copy 
        described in subparagraph (A) (i) and (ii) shall be provided 
        not later than 24 hours after the time of the first broadcast 
        of the editorial, and
            ``(ii) is first broadcast less than 72 hours before the 
        date of an election, the notice and copy shall be provided at a 
        time prior to the first broadcast that will be sufficient to 
        enable candidates a reasonable opportunity to prepare and 
        broadcast a response.''.

                        TITLE III--EXPENDITURES

                   Subtitle A--Personal Loans; Credit

SEC. 301. PERSONAL CONTRIBUTIONS AND LOANS.

    Section 315 of FECA (2 U.S.C. 441a) is amended by adding at the end 
the following new subsection:
    ``(j) Limitations on Payments to Candidates.--(1) If a candidate or 
a member of the candidate's immediate family made any loans to the 
candidate or to the candidate's authorized committees during any 
election cycle, no contributions received after the date of the general 
election for such election cycle may be used to repay such loans.
    ``(2) No contribution by a candidate or member of the candidate's 
immediate family may be returned to the candidate or member other than 
as part of a pro rata distribution of excess contributions to all 
contributors.''.

SEC. 302. EXTENSIONS OF CREDIT.

    Section 301(8)(A) of FECA (2 U.S.C. 431(8)(A)), as amended by 
section 201(b), is amended--
            (1) by striking ``or'' at the end of clause (ii);
            (2) by striking the period at the end of clause (iii) and 
        inserting ``; or''; and
            (3) by inserting at the end the following new clause:
                    ``(iv) with respect to a candidate and the 
                candidate's authorized committees, any extension of 
                credit for goods or services relating to advertising on 
                broadcasting stations, in newspapers or magazines, or 
                by mailings, or relating to other similar types of 
                general public political advertising, if such extension 
                of credit is--
                            ``(I) in an amount of more than $1,000; and
                            ``(II) for a period greater than the 
                        period, not in excess of 60 days, for which 
                        credit is generally extended in the normal 
                        course of business after the date on which such 
                        goods or services are furnished or the date of 
                        a mailing.''.

   Subtitle B--Provisions Relating To Soft Money of Political Parties

SEC. 311. DEFINITIONS.

    (a) Contribution and Expenditure Exceptions.--(1) Clause (xii) of 
section 301(8)(B) of FECA (2 U.S.C. 431(8)(B)(xii)) is amended--
            (A) by inserting ``in connection with volunteer 
        activities'' after ``such committee''; and
            (B) by striking ``and'' at the end of subclause (2), by 
        inserting ``and'' at the end of subclause (3), and by adding at 
        the end the following new subclause:
                    ``(4) such activities are conducted solely by, or 
                any materials are distributed solely by, volunteers;''.
    (2) Clause (ix) of section 301(9)(B) of FECA (2 U.S.C. 
431(9)(B)(ix)) is amended--
            (A) by inserting ``in connection with volunteer 
        activities'' after ``such committee'', and
            (B) by striking ``and'' at the end of subclause (2), by 
        inserting ``and'' at the end of subclause (3), and by adding at 
        the end the following new subclause:
                    ``(4) any materials in connection with such 
                activities are prepared for distribution (and are 
                distributed) solely by volunteers;''.
    (b) Generic Activities; State Party Grassroots Fund.--Section 301 
of FECA (2 U.S.C. 431), as amended by section 135, is amended by adding 
at the end thereof the following new paragraphs:
            ``(30) The term `generic campaign activity' means a 
        campaign activity that promotes a political party rather than 
        any particular Federal or non-Federal candidate.
            ``(31) The term `State Party Grassroots Fund' means a 
        separate segregated fund established and maintained by a State 
        committee of a political party solely for purposes of making 
        expenditures and other disbursements described in section 
        324(d).''.

SEC. 312. CONTRIBUTIONS TO POLITICAL PARTY COMMITTEES.

    (a) Individual Contributions to State Party.--Paragraph (1) of 
section 315(a) of FECA (2 U.S.C. 441a(a)(1)) is amended by striking 
``or'' at the end of subparagraph (B), by redesignating subparagraph 
(C) as subparagraph (D), and by inserting after subparagraph (B) the 
following new subparagraph:
            ``(C) to--
                    ``(i) a State Party Grassroots Fund established and 
                maintained by a State committee of a political party in 
                any calendar year which, in the aggregate, exceed 
                $20,000;
                    ``(ii) any other political committee established 
                and maintained by a State committee of a political 
                party in any calendar year which, in the aggregate, 
                exceed $5,000,
        except that the aggregate contributions described in this 
        subparagraph which may be made by a person to the State Party 
        Grassroots Fund and all committees of a State Committee of a 
        political party in any State in any calendar year shall not 
        exceed $20,000; or''.
    (b) Multicandidate Committee Contributions to State Party.--
Paragraph (2) of section 315(a) of FECA (2 U.S.C. 441a(a)(2)) is 
amended by striking ``or'' at the end of subparagraph (B), by 
redesignating subparagraph (C) as subparagraph (D), and by inserting 
after subparagraph (B) the following new subparagraph:
            ``(C) to--
                    ``(i) a State Party Grassroots Fund established and 
                maintained by a State committee of a political party in 
                any calendar year which, in the aggregate, exceed 
                $15,000;
                    ``(ii) to any other political committee established 
                and maintained by a State committee of a political 
                party which, in the aggregate, exceed $5,000,
        except that the aggregate contributions described in this 
        subparagraph which may be made by a multicandidate political 
        committee to the State Party Grassroots Fund and all committees 
        of a State Committee of a political party in any State in any 
        calendar year shall not exceed $15,000; or''.
    (c) Overall Limit.--Paragraph (3) of section 315(a) of FECA (2 
U.S.C. 441a(a)(3)) is amended to read as follows:
    ``(3)(A) No individual shall make contributions during any election 
cycle (as defined in section 301(29)(B)) which, in the aggregate, 
exceed $60,000.
    ``(B) No individual shall make contributions during any calendar 
year--
            ``(i) to all candidates and their authorized political 
        committees which, in the aggregate, exceed $25,000; or
            ``(ii) to all political committees established and 
        maintained by State committees of a political party which, in 
        the aggregate, exceed $20,000.
    ``(C) For purposes of subparagraph (B)(i), any contribution made to 
a candidate or the candidate's authorized political committees in a 
year other than the calendar year in which the election is held with 
respect to which such contribution is made shall be treated as made 
during the calendar year in which the election is held.''.
    (d) Presidential Candidate Committee Transfers.--(1) Subparagraph 
(B) of section 315(b)(1) of FECA (2 U.S.C. 441a(b)(1)) is amended to 
read as follows:
                    ``(B) in the case of a campaign for election to 
                such office, an amount equal to the sum of--
                            ``(i) $20,000,000, plus
                            ``(ii) the lesser of--
                                    ``(I) 2 cents multiplied by the 
                                voting age population of the United 
                                States (as certified under subsection 
                                (e) of this section), or
                                    ``(II) the amounts transferred by 
                                the candidate and the authorized 
                                committees of the candidate to the 
                                national committee of the candidate's 
                                political party for distribution to 
                                State Party Grassroots Funds.''.
    (2) Subparagraph (A) of section 9002(11) of the Internal Revenue 
Code of 1986 (defining qualified campaign expense) is amended by 
striking ``or'' at the end of clause (ii), by inserting ``or'' at the 
end of clause (iii), and by inserting at the end the following new 
clause ``(iv) any transfers to the national committee of the 
candidate's political party for distribution to State Party Grassroots 
Funds (as defined in section 301(31) of the Federal Election Campaign 
Act of 1971) to the extent such transfers do not exceed the amount 
determined under section 315(b)(1)(B)(ii) of such Act,''.

SEC. 313. PROVISIONS RELATING TO NATIONAL, STATE, AND LOCAL PARTY 
              COMMITTEES.

    (a) Soft Money of Committees of Political Parties.--Title III of 
FECA is amended by inserting after section 323 the following new 
section:

                      ``political party committees

    ``Sec. 324. (a) Limitations on National Committee.--(1) A national 
committee of a political party and the congressional campaign 
committees of a political party may not solicit or accept contributions 
or transfers not subject to the limitations, prohibitions, and 
reporting requirements of this Act.
    ``(2) Paragraph (1) shall not apply to contributions--
            ``(A) that--
                    ``(i) are to be transferred to a State committee of 
                a political party and are used solely for activities 
                described in clauses (xi) through (xvii) of paragraph 
                (9)(B) of section 301; or
                    ``(ii) are described in section 301(8)(B)(viii); 
                and
            ``(B) with respect to which contributors have been notified 
        that the funds will be used solely for the purposes described 
        in subparagraph (A).
    ``(b) Activities Subject to This Act.--Any amount solicited, 
received, expended, or disbursed directly or indirectly by a national, 
State, district, or local committee of a political party (including any 
subordinate committee) with respect to any of the following activities 
shall be subject to the limitations, prohibitions, and reporting 
requirements of this Act:
            ``(1)(A) Any get-out-the-vote activity conducted during a 
        calendar year in which an election for the office of President 
        is held.
            ``(B) Any other get-out-the-vote activity unless subsection 
        (c)(2) applies to the activity.
            ``(2) Any generic campaign activity.
            ``(3) Any activity that identifies or promotes a Federal 
        candidate, regardless of whether--
                    ``(A) a State or local candidate is also identified 
                or promoted; or
                    ``(B) any portion of the funds disbursed 
                constitutes a contribution or expenditure under this 
                Act.
            ``(4) Voter registration.
            ``(5) Development and maintenance of voter files during an 
        even-numbered calendar year.
            ``(6) Any other activity that--
                    ``(A) significantly affects a Federal election, or
                    ``(B) is not otherwise described in section 
                301(8)(B)(xvii).
Any amount spent to raise funds that are used, in whole or in part, in 
connection with activities described in the preceding paragraphs shall 
be subject to the limitations, prohibitions, and reporting requirements 
of this Act.
    ``(c) Get-Out-The-Vote Activities By State, District, and Local 
Committees of Political Parties.--(1) Except as provided in paragraph 
(2), any get-out-the-vote activity for a State or local candidate, or 
for a ballot measure, which is conducted by a State, district, or local 
committee of a political party (including any subordinate committee) 
shall be subject to the limitations, prohibitions, and reporting 
requirements of this Act.
    ``(2) Paragraph (1) shall not apply to any activity which the State 
committee of a political party certifies to the Commission is an 
activity which--
            ``(A) is conducted during a calendar year other than a 
        calendar year in which an election for the office of President 
        is held,
            ``(B) is exclusively on behalf of (and specifically 
        identifies only) one or more State or local candidates or 
        ballot measures, and
            ``(C) does not include any effort or means used to identify 
        or turn out those identified to be supporters of any Federal 
        candidate (including any activity that is undertaken in 
        coordination with, or on behalf of, a candidate for Federal 
        office).
    ``(d) State Party Grassroots Funds.--(1) A State committee of a 
political party may make disbursements and expenditures from its State 
Party Grassroots Fund only for--
            ``(A) any generic campaign activity;
            ``(B) payments described in clauses (v), (x), and (xii) of 
        paragraph (8)(B) and clauses (iv), (viii), and (ix) of 
        paragraph (9)(B) of section 301;
            ``(C) subject to the limitations of section 315(d), 
        payments described in clause (xii) of paragraph (8)(B), and 
        clause (ix) of paragraph (9)(B), of section 301 on behalf of 
        candidates other than for President and Vice President;
            ``(D) voter registration; and
            ``(E) development and maintenance of voter files during an 
        even-numbered calendar year.
    ``(2) Notwithstanding section 315(a)(4), no funds may be 
transferred by a State committee of a political party from its State 
Party Grassroots Fund to any other State Party Grassroots Fund or to 
any other political committee, except a transfer may be made to a 
district or local committee of the same political party in the same 
State if such district or local committee--
            ``(A) has established a separate segregated fund for the 
        purposes described in paragraph (1); and
            ``(B) uses the transferred funds solely for those purposes.
    ``(e) Amounts Received by Grassroots Fund From State and Local 
Candidate Committees.--(1) Any amount received by a State Party 
Grassroots Fund from a State or local candidate committee for 
expenditures described in subsection (b) that are for the benefit of 
that candidate shall be treated as meeting the requirements of 
subsection (b) and section 304(e) if--
            ``(A) such amount is derived from funds which meet the 
        requirements of this Act with respect to any limitation or 
        prohibition as to source or dollar amount specified in section 
        315(a) (1)(A) and (2)(A); and
            ``(B) the State or local candidate committee--
                    ``(i) maintains, in the account from which payment 
                is made, records of the sources and amounts of funds 
                for purposes of determining whether such requirements 
                are met; and
                    ``(ii) certifies that such requirements were met.
    ``(2) For purposes of paragraph (1)(A), in determining whether the 
funds transferred meet the requirements of this Act described in such 
paragraph--
            ``(A) a State or local candidate committee's cash on hand 
        shall be treated as consisting of the funds most recently 
        received by the committee, and
            ``(B) the committee must be able to demonstrate that its 
        cash on hand contains sufficient funds meeting such 
        requirements as are necessary to cover the transferred funds.
    ``(3) Notwithstanding paragraph (1), any State Party Grassroots 
Fund receiving any transfer described in paragraph (1) from a State or 
local candidate committee shall be required to meet the reporting 
requirements of this Act, and shall submit to the Commission all 
certifications received, with respect to receipt of the transfer from 
such candidate committee.
    ``(4) For purposes of this subsection, a State or local candidate 
committee is a committee established, financed, maintained, or 
controlled by a candidate for other than Federal office.
    ``(f) Soft Money Response Funds.--(1) The national committee of any 
political party may establish a separate fund for purposes of this 
subsection. Such fund shall consist of contributions described in 
section 315(p).
    ``(2)(A) If a candidate or political party is notified under 
section 304(h) that a person is making disbursements in excess of 
$10,000--
            ``(i) solely in opposition to such candidate or solely in 
        support of an opponent of such candidate, or
            ``(ii) in opposition to such political party or in support 
        of another political party,
the national committee may make the transfers described in subparagraph 
(B).
    ``(B) In the case of--
            ``(i) a notification described in subparagraph (A)(i), the 
        national committee may transfer funds to authorized committees 
        of the candidate described in such paragraph, or
            ``(ii) a notification described in subparagraph (A)(ii), 
        the national committee may transfer funds to the State Party 
        Grassroots Fund in the State where the disbursements are being 
        made.
The aggregate amounts which may be transferred under this subparagraph 
in response to any notification shall not exceed the amount of 
disbursements specified in such notice.
    ``(3) Any amount transferred under paragraph (2) (and any amount 
expended by the State Party Grassroots Fund or the candidate's 
authorized committees from such amount)--
            ``(A) shall not be treated as an expenditure for purposes 
        of applying any expenditure limit applicable to the candidate 
        under title V, and
            ``(B) shall not be taken into account in applying the limit 
        under section 315(d)(3) for expenditures by a political party 
        or committees thereof on behalf of a candidate.''.
    (b) Contributions and Expenditures.--(1) Section 301(8)(B) of FECA 
(2 U.S.C. 431(8)(B)) is amended by striking ``and'' at the end of 
clause (xiii), by striking the period at the end of clause (xiv) and 
inserting a semicolon, and by adding at the end the following new 
clauses:
                            ``(xv) any amount contributed to a 
                        candidate for other than Federal office;
                            ``(xvi) any amount received or expended to 
                        pay the costs of a State or local political 
                        convention;
                            ``(xvii) any payment for campaign 
                        activities that are exclusively on behalf of 
                        (and specifically identify only) State or local 
                        candidates and do not identify any Federal 
                        candidate, and that are not activities 
                        described in section 324(b) (without regard to 
                        paragraph (6)(B)) or section 324(c)(1);
                            ``(xviii) any payment for administrative 
                        expenses of a State or local committee of a 
                        political party, including expenses for--
                                    ``(I) overhead, including party 
                                meetings;
                                    ``(II) staff (other than 
                                individuals devoting a significant 
                                amount of their time to elections for 
                                Federal office and individuals engaged 
                                in conducting get-out-the-vote 
                                activities for a Federal election); and
                                    ``(III) conducting party elections 
                                or caucuses;
                            ``(xix) any payment for research pertaining 
                        solely to State and local candidates and 
                        issues;
                            ``(xx) any payment for development and 
                        maintenance of voter files other than during 
                        the 1-year period ending on the date during an 
                        even-numbered calendar year on which regularly 
                        scheduled general elections for Federal office 
                        occur; and
                            ``(xxi) any payment for any other activity 
                        which is solely for the purpose of influencing, 
                        and which solely affects, an election for non-
                        Federal office and which is not an activity 
                        described in section 324(b) (without regard to 
                        paragraph (6)(B)) or section 324(c)(1).''.
    (2) Section 301(9)(B) of FECA (2 U.S.C. 431(9)(B)) is amended by 
striking ``and'' at the end of clause (ix), by striking the period at 
the end of clause (x) and inserting a semicolon, and by adding at the 
end the following new clauses:
                            ``(xi) any amount contributed to a 
                        candidate for other than Federal office;
                            ``(xii) any amount received or expended to 
                        pay the costs of a State or local political 
                        convention;
                            ``(xiii) any payment for campaign 
                        activities that are exclusively on behalf of 
                        (and specifically identify only) State or local 
                        candidates and do not identify any Federal 
                        candidate, and that are not activities 
                        described in section 324(b) (without regard to 
                        paragraph (6)(B)) or section 324(c)(1);
                            ``(xiv) any payment for administrative 
                        expenses of a State or local committee of a 
                        political party, including expenses for--
                                    ``(I) overhead, including party 
                                meetings;
                                    ``(II) staff (other than 
                                individuals devoting a significant 
                                amount of their time to elections for 
                                Federal office and individuals engaged 
                                in conducting get-out-the-vote 
                                activities for a Federal election); and
                                    ``(III) conducting party elections 
                                or caucuses;
                            ``(xv) any payment for research pertaining 
                        solely to State and local candidates and 
                        issues;
                            ``(xvi) any payment for development and 
                        maintenance of voter files other than during 
                        the 1-year period ending on the date during an 
                        even-numbered calendar year on which regularly 
                        scheduled general elections for Federal office 
                        occur; and
                            ``(xvii) any payment for any other activity 
                        which is solely for the purpose of influencing, 
                        and which solely affects, an election for non-
                        Federal office and which is not an activity 
                        described in section 324(b) (without regard to 
                        paragraph (6)(B)) or section 324(c)(1).''.
    (c) Limitation Applied at National Level.--Paragraph (3) of section 
315(d) of FECA (2 U.S.C. 441a(d)(3)) is amended by adding at the end 
the following new sentence:
``Notwithstanding the preceding sentence, the applicable congressional 
campaign committee of a political party shall make the expenditures 
described in this paragraph which are authorized to be made by a 
national or State committee with respect to a candidate in any State 
unless it allocates all or a portion of such expenditures to either or 
both of such committees.''.
    (d) Limitations Apply for Entire Election Cycle.--Section 315(d)(1) 
of FECA (2 U.S.C. 441a(d)(1)) is amended by adding at the end the 
following new sentence: ``Each limitation under the following 
paragraphs shall apply to the entire election cycle for an office.''.
    (e) Contributions to Response Funds.--Section 315 of FECA (2 U.S.C. 
441a), as amended by section 710, is amended by adding at the end the 
following new subsection:
    ``(p) Contributions to Response Funds.--(1) An individual may make 
contributions to a response fund established by a political party under 
section 324(f) which, in the aggregate, do not exceed $7,500 for any 
calendar year. For purposes of the preceding sentence, contributions 
during the calendar year preceding the calendar year in which an 
election occurs shall be treated as made in the year in which the 
election occurs.
    ``(2) Any contribution under paragraph (1) shall not be taken into 
account for purposes of subsection (a) (1)(B) or (3).''

SEC. 314. RESTRICTIONS ON FUNDRAISING BY CANDIDATES AND OFFICEHOLDERS.

    (a) State Fundraising Activities.--Section 315 of FECA (2 U.S.C. 
441a), as amended by section 301, is amended by adding at the end 
thereof the following new subsection:
    ``(k) Limitations on Fundraising Activities of Federal Candidates 
and Officeholders and Certain Political Committees.--(1) For purposes 
of this Act, a candidate for Federal office, an individual holding 
Federal office, or any agent of the candidate or individual may not 
solicit funds to, or receive funds on behalf of, any Federal or non-
Federal candidate or political committee--
            ``(A) which are to be expended in connection with any 
        election for Federal office unless such funds are subject to 
        the limitations, prohibitions, and requirements of this Act; or
            ``(B) which are to be expended in connection with any 
        election for other than Federal office unless such funds are 
        not in excess of amounts permitted with respect to Federal 
        candidates and political committees under subsections (a) (1) 
        and (2), and are not from sources prohibited by such 
        subsections with respect to elections to Federal office.
    ``(2)(A) The aggregate amount which a person described in 
subparagraph (B) may solicit from a multicandidate political committee 
for State committees described in subsection (a)(1)(C) (including 
subordinate committees) for any calendar year shall not exceed the 
dollar amount in effect under subsection (a)(2)(B) for the calendar 
year.
    ``(B) A person is described in this subparagraph if such person is 
a candidate for Federal office, an individual holding Federal office, 
an agent of such a candidate or individual, or any national, State, 
district, or local committee of a political party (including a 
subordinate committee) and any agent of such a committee.
    ``(3) The appearance or participation by a candidate for Federal 
office or individual holding Federal office in any fundraising event 
conducted by a committee of a political party or a candidate for other 
than Federal office shall not be treated as a solicitation for purposes 
of paragraph (1) if such candidate or individual does not solicit or 
receive, or make disbursements from, any funds resulting from such 
activity.
    ``(4) Paragraph (1) shall not apply to the solicitation or receipt 
of funds, or disbursements, by an individual who is a candidate for 
other than Federal office if such activity is permitted under State 
law.
    ``(5) For purposes of this subsection, an individual shall be 
treated as holding Federal office if such individual--
            ``(A) holds a Federal office; or
            ``(B) holds a position described in level I of the 
        Executive Schedule under section 5312 of title 5, United States 
        Code.''.
    (b) Tax-Exempt Organizations.--Section 315 of FECA (2 U.S.C. 441a), 
as amended by subsection (a), is amended by adding at the end thereof 
the following new subsection:
    ``(l) Tax-Exempt Organizations.--(1) If an individual is a 
candidate for, or holds, Federal office during any period, such 
individual may not during such period solicit contributions to, or on 
behalf of, any organization which is described in section 501(c) of the 
Internal Revenue Code of 1986 if a significant portion of the 
activities of such organization include voter registration or get-out-
the-vote campaigns.
    ``(2) For purposes of this subsection, an individual shall be 
treated as holding Federal office if such individual--
            ``(A) holds a Federal office; or
            ``(B) holds a position described in level I of the 
        Executive Schedule under section 5312 of title 5, United States 
        Code.''.

SEC. 315. REPORTING REQUIREMENTS.

    (a) Reporting Requirements.--Section 304 of FECA (2 U.S.C. 434), as 
amended by section 133(a), is amended by adding at the end thereof the 
following new subsection:
    ``(e) Political Committees.--(1) The national committee of a 
political party and any congressional campaign committee of a political 
party, and any subordinate committee of either, shall report all 
receipts and disbursements during the reporting period, whether or not 
in connection with an election for Federal office.
    ``(2) A political committee (not described in paragraph (1)) to 
which section 324 applies shall report all receipts and disbursements 
including separate schedules for receipts and disbursements for State 
Grassroots Funds described in section 301(31).
    ``(3) Any political committee to which section 324 applies shall 
include in its report under paragraph (1) or (2) the amount of any 
transfer described in section 324(d)(2) and shall itemize such amounts 
to the extent required by section 304(b)(3)(A).
    ``(4) Any political committee to which paragraph (1) or (2) does 
not apply shall report any receipts or disbursements which are used in 
connection with a Federal election.
    ``(5) If a political committee has receipts or disbursements to 
which this subsection applies from any person aggregating in excess of 
$200 for any calendar year, the political committee shall separately 
itemize its reporting for such person in the same manner as subsection 
(b) (3)(A), (5), or (6).
    ``(6) Reports required to be filed by this subsection shall be 
filed for the same time periods required for political committees under 
subsection (a).''.
    (b) Report of Exempt Contributions.--Section 301(8) of the Federal 
Election Campaign Act of 1971 (2 U.S.C. 431(8)) is amended by inserting 
at the end thereof the following:
                    ``(C) The exclusion provided in clause (viii) of 
                subparagraph (B) shall not apply for purposes of any 
                requirement to report contributions under this Act, and 
                all such contributions aggregating in excess of $200 
                shall be reported.''.
    (c) Reports by State Committees.--Section 304 of FECA (2 U.S.C. 
434), as amended by subsection (a), is amended by adding at the end 
thereof the following new subsection:
    ``(f) Filing of State Reports.--In lieu of any report required to 
be filed by this Act, the Commission may allow a State committee of a 
political party to file with the Commission a report required to be 
filed under State law if the Commission determines such reports contain 
substantially the same information.''.
    (d) Other Reporting Requirements.--
            (1) Authorized committees.--Paragraph (4) of section 304(b) 
        of FECA (2 U.S.C. 434(b)(4)) is amended by striking ``and'' at 
        the end of subparagraph (H), by inserting ``and'' at the end of 
        subparagraph (I), and by adding at the end the following new 
        subparagraph:
                    ``(J) in the case of an authorized committee, 
                disbursements for the primary election, the general 
                election, and any other election in which the candidate 
                participates;''.
            (2) Names and addresses.--Subparagraph (A) of section 
        304(b)(5) of FECA (2 U.S.C. 434(b)(5)(A)) is amended--
                    (A) by striking ``within the calendar year'', and
                    (B) by inserting ``, and the election to which the 
                operating expenditure relates'' after ``operating 
                expenditure''.

     Subtitle C--Soft Money of Persons Other Than Political Parties

SEC. 321. SOFT MONEY OF PERSONS OTHER THAN POLITICAL PARTIES.

    Section 304 of FECA (2 U.S.C. 434), as amended by section 602(d), 
is amended by adding at the end thereof the following new subsection:
    ``(h) Election Activity of Persons Other Than Political Parties.--
(1)(A) If any person to which section 324 does not apply makes (or 
obligates to make) disbursements for activities described in section 
324(b) in excess of $2,000, such person shall file a statement--
            ``(i) on or before the day which is 48 hours before the 
        disbursements (or obligations) are made, or
            ``(ii) in the case of disbursements (or obligations) which 
        are to be made within 14 days of the election, on or before 
        such 14th day.
An additional statement shall be filed each time additional 
disbursements aggregating $2,000 are made (or obligated to be made) by 
such person.
    ``(B) This paragraph shall not apply to--
            ``(i) a candidate or a candidate's authorized committees, 
        or
            ``(ii) an independent expenditure (as defined in section 
        301(17)).
    ``(2) Any statement under this section shall be filed with the 
Secretary of the Senate or the Clerk of the House of Representatives, 
and the Secretary of State of the State involved, as appropriate, and 
shall contain such information as the Commission shall prescribe, 
including whether the disbursement is in support of, or in opposition 
to, 1 or more candidates or any political party. The Secretary of the 
Senate or Clerk of the House of Representatives shall, as soon as 
possible (but not later than 24 hours after receipt), transmit a 
statement to the Commission and the Commission shall, not later than 48 
hours after receipt, transmit it--
            ``(A) to the candidates or political parties involved, or
            ``(B) if the disbursement is not in support of, or in 
        opposition to, a candidate or political party, to the State 
        committees of each political party in the State involved.
    ``(3) The Commission may make its own determination that 
disbursements described in paragraph (1) have been made or obligated to 
be made. The Commission shall notify the candidates or political 
parties described in paragraph (2) within 24 hours of its 
determination.''

                        TITLE IV--CONTRIBUTIONS

SEC. 401. CONTRIBUTIONS THROUGH INTERMEDIARIES AND CONDUITS; 
              PROHIBITION ON CERTAIN CONTRIBUTIONS BY LOBBYISTS.

    (a) Contributions Through Intermediaries and Conduits.--Section 
315(a)(8) of FECA (2 U.S.C. 441a(a)(8)) is amended to read as follows:
    ``(8) For the purposes of this subsection:
            ``(A) Contributions made by a person, either directly or 
        indirectly, to or on behalf of a particular candidate, 
        including contributions that are in any way earmarked or 
        otherwise directed through an intermediary or conduit to a 
        candidate, shall be treated as contributions from the person to 
        the candidate.
            ``(B) Contributions made directly or indirectly by a person 
        to or on behalf of a particular candidate through an 
        intermediary or conduit, including contributions made or 
        arranged to be made by an intermediary or conduit, shall be 
        treated as contributions from the intermediary or conduit to 
        the candidate if--
                    ``(i) the contributions made through the 
                intermediary or conduit are in the form of a check or 
                other negotiable instrument made payable to the 
                intermediary or conduit rather than the intended 
                recipient; or
                    ``(ii) the intermediary or conduit is--
                            ``(I) a political committee;
                            ``(II) an officer, employee, or agent of 
                        such a political committee;
                            ``(III) a political party;
                            ``(IV) a partnership or sole 
                        proprietorship;
                            ``(V) a person who is required to register 
                        or to report its lobbying activities, or a 
                        lobbyist whose activities are required to be 
                        reported, under section 308 of the Federal 
                        Regulation of Lobbying Act (2 U.S.C. 267), the 
                        Foreign Agents Registration Act of 1938 (22 
                        U.S.C. 611 et seq.), or any successor Federal 
                        law requiring a person who is a lobbyist or 
                        foreign agent to register or a person to report 
                        its lobbying activities; or
                            ``(VI) an organization prohibited from 
                        making contributions under section 316, or an 
                        officer, employee, or agent of such an 
                        organization acting on the organization's 
                        behalf.
            ``(C)(i) The term `intermediary or conduit' does not 
        include--
                    ``(I) a candidate or representative of a candidate 
                receiving contributions to the candidate's principal 
                campaign committee or authorized committee;
                    ``(II) a professional fundraiser compensated for 
                fundraising services at the usual and customary rate, 
                but only if the individual is not described in 
                subparagraph (B)(ii);
                    ``(III) a volunteer hosting a fundraising event at 
                the volunteer's home, in accordance with section 
                301(8)(B), but only if the individual is not described 
                in subparagraph (B)(ii); or
                    ``(IV) an individual who transmits a contribution 
                from the individual's spouse.
            ``(ii) The term `representative' means an individual who is 
        expressly authorized by the candidate to engage in fundraising, 
        and who occupies a significant position within the candidate's 
        campaign organization, provided that the individual is not 
        described in subparagraph (B)(ii).
            ``(iii) The term `contributions made or arranged to be 
        made' includes--
                    ``(I) contributions delivered to a particular 
                candidate or the candidate's authorized committee or 
                agent; and
                    ``(II) contributions directly or indirectly 
                arranged to be made to a particular candidate or the 
                candidate's authorized committee or agent, in a manner 
                that identifies directly or indirectly to the candidate 
                or authorized committee or agent the person who 
                arranged the making of the contributions or the person 
                on whose behalf such person was acting.
        Such term does not include contributions made, or arranged to 
        be made, by reason of an oral or written communication by a 
        Federal candidate or officeholder expressly advocating the 
        nomination for election, or election, of any other Federal 
        candidate and encouraging the making of a contribution to such 
        other candidate. 
            ``(iv) The term `acting on the organization's behalf' 
        includes the following activities by an officer, employee or 
        agent of a person described in subparagraph (B)(ii)(VI):
                    ``(I) Soliciting or directly or indirectly 
                arranging the making of a contribution to a particular 
                candidate in the name of, or by using the name of, such 
                a person.
                    ``(II) Soliciting or directly or indirectly 
                arranging the making of a contribution to a particular 
                candidate using other than incidental resources of such 
                a person.
                    ``(III) Soliciting contributions for a particular 
                candidate by substantially directing the solicitations 
                to other officers, employees, or agents of such a 
                person.
            ``(D) Nothing in this paragraph shall prohibit--
                    ``(i) bona fide joint fundraising efforts conducted 
                solely for the purpose of sponsorship of a fundraising 
                reception, dinner, or other similar event, in 
                accordance with rules prescribed by the Commission, 
                by--
                            ``(I) 2 or more candidates;
                            ``(II) 2 or more national, State, or local 
                        committees of a political party within the 
                        meaning of section 301(4) acting on their own 
                        behalf; or
                            ``(III) a special committee formed by 2 or 
                        more candidates, or a candidate and a national, 
                        State, or local committee of a political party 
                        acting on their own behalf; or
                    ``(ii) fundraising efforts for the benefit of a 
                candidate that are conducted by another candidate.
When a contribution is made to a candidate through an intermediary or 
conduit, the intermediary or conduit shall report the original source 
and the intended recipient of the contribution to the Commission and to 
the intended recipient.''.
    (b) Prohibition of Certain Contributions by Lobbyists.--Section 315 
of FECA (2 U.S.C. 441a), as amended by section 314(b), is amended by 
adding at the end the following new subsection:
    ``(m)(1) A lobbyist, or a political committee controlled by a 
lobbyist, shall not make contributions to, or solicit contributions for 
or on behalf of--
            ``(A) any member of Congress with whom the lobbyist has, 
        during the preceding 12 months, made a lobbying contact; or
            ``(B) any authorized committee of the President of the 
        United States if, during the preceding 12 months, the lobbyist 
        has made a lobbying contact with a covered executive branch 
        official.
    ``(2) A lobbyist who, or a lobbyist whose political committee, has 
made any contribution to, or solicited contributions for or on behalf 
of, any member of Congress or candidate for Congress (or any authorized 
committee of the President) shall not, during the 12 months following 
such contribution or solicitation, make a lobbying contact with such 
member or candidate who becomes a member of Congress (or a covered 
executive branch official).
    ``(3) If a lobbyist advises or otherwise suggests to a client of 
the lobbyist (including a client that is the lobbyist's regular 
employer), or to a political committee that is funded or administered 
by such a client, that the client or political committee should make a 
contribution to or solicit a contribution for or on behalf of--
            ``(A) a member of Congress or candidate for Congress, the 
        making or soliciting of such a contribution is prohibited if 
        the lobbyist has made a lobbying contact with the member of 
        Congress within the preceding 12 months; or
            ``(B) an authorized committee of the President, the making 
        or soliciting of such a contribution shall be unlawful if the 
        lobbyist has made a lobbying contact with a covered executive 
        branch official within the preceding 12 months.
    ``(4) For purposes of this subsection--
            ``(A) the term `covered executive branch official' means 
        the President, Vice-President, any officer or employee of the 
        executive office of the President other than a clerical or 
        secretarial employee, any officer or employee serving in an 
        Executive Level I, II, III, IV, or V position as designated in 
        statute or Executive order, any officer or employee serving in 
        a senior executive service position (as defined in section 
        3232(a)(2) of title 5, United States Code), any member of the 
        uniformed services whose pay grade is at or in excess of 0-7 
        under section 201 of title 37, United States Code, and any 
        officer or employee serving in a position of confidential or 
        policy-determining character under schedule C of the excepted 
        service pursuant to regulations implementing section 2103 of 
        title 5, United States Code;
            ``(B) the term `lobbyist' means--
                    ``(i) a person required to register under section 
                308 of the Federal Regulation of Lobbying Act (2 U.S.C. 
                267) or the Foreign Agents Registration Act of 1938 (22 
                U.S.C. 611 et seq.) or any successor Federal law 
                requiring a person who is a lobbyist or foreign agent 
                to register or a person to report its lobbying 
                activities; or
            ``(C) the term `lobbying contact'--
                    ``(i) means an oral or written communication with 
                or appearance before a member of Congress or covered 
                executive branch official made by a lobbyist 
                representing an interest of another person with regard 
                to--
                            ``(I) the formulation, modification, or 
                        adoption of Federal legislation (including a 
                        legislative proposal);
                            ``(II) the formulation, modification, or 
                        adoption of a Federal rule, regulation, 
                        Executive order, or any other program, policy 
                        or position of the United States Government; or
                            ``(III) the administration or execution of 
                        a Federal program or policy (including the 
                        negotiation, award, or administration of a 
                        Federal contract, grant, loan, permit, or 
                        license); but
                    ``(ii) does not include a communication that is--
                            ``(I) made by a public official acting in 
                        an official capacity;
                            ``(II) made by a representative of a media 
                        organization who is primarily engaged in 
                        gathering and disseminating news and 
                        information to the public;
                            ``(III) made in a speech, article, 
                        publication, or other material that is widely 
                        distributed to the public or through the media;
                            ``(IV) a request for an appointment, a 
                        request for the status of a Federal action, or 
                        another similar ministerial contact, if there 
                        is no attempt to influence a member of Congress 
                        or covered executive branch official at the 
                        time of the contact;
                            ``(V) made in the course of participation 
                        in an advisory committee subject to the Federal 
                        Advisory Committee Act (5 U.S.C. App.);
                            ``(VI) testimony given before a committee, 
                        subcommittee, or office of Congress a Federal 
                        agency, or submitted for inclusion in the 
                        public record of a hearing conducted by the 
                        committee, subcommittee, or office;
                            ``(VII) information provided in writing in 
                        response to a specific written request from a 
                        member of Congress or covered executive branch 
                        official;
                            ``(VIII) required by subpoena, civil 
                        investigative demand, or otherwise compelled by 
                        statute, regulation, or other action of 
                        Congress or a Federal agency;
                            ``(IX) made to an agency official with 
                        regard to a judicial proceeding, criminal or 
                        civil law enforcement inquiry, investigation, 
                        or proceeding, or filing required by law;
                            ``(X) made in compliance with written 
                        agency procedures regarding an adjudication 
                        conducted by the agency under section 554 of 
                        title 5, United States Code, or substantially 
                        similar provisions;
                            ``(XI) a written comment filed in a public 
                        docket and other communication that is made on 
                        the record in a public proceeding;
                            ``(XII) a formal petition for agency 
                        action, made in writing pursuant to established 
                        agency procedures; or
                            ``(XIII) made on behalf of a person with 
                        regard to the person's benefits, employment, 
                        other personal matters involving only that 
                        person, or disclosures pursuant to a 
                        whistleblower statute.''.
    ``(5) For purposes of this subsection, a lobbyist shall be 
considered to make a lobbying contact or communication with a member of 
Congress if the lobbyist makes a lobbying contact or communication 
with--
                    ``(i) the member of Congress;
                    ``(ii) any person employed in the office of the 
                member of Congress; or
                    ``(iii) any person employed by a committee, joint 
                committee, or leadership office who, to the knowledge 
                of the lobbyist, was employed at the request of or is 
                employed at the pleasure of, reports primarily to, 
                represents, or acts as the agent of the member of 
                Congress.''.

SEC. 402. CONTRIBUTIONS BY DEPENDENTS NOT OF VOTING AGE.

    Section 315 of FECA (2 U.S.C. 441a), as amended by section 401(b), 
is amended by adding at the end the following new subsection:
    ``(n) For purposes of this section, any contribution by an 
individual who--
            ``(1) is a dependent of another individual; and
            ``(2) has not, as of the time of such contribution, 
        attained the legal age for voting for elections to Federal 
        office in the State in which such individual resides,
shall be treated as having been made by such other individual. If such 
individual is the dependent of another individual and such other 
individual's spouse, the contribution shall be allocated among such 
individuals in the manner determined by them.''.

SEC. 403. CONTRIBUTIONS TO CANDIDATES FROM STATE AND LOCAL COMMITTEES 
              OF POLITICAL PARTIES TO BE AGGREGATED.

    Section 315(a) of FECA (2 U.S.C. 441a(a)) is amended by adding at 
the end the following new paragraph:
    ``(9) Notwithstanding paragraph (5)(B), a candidate for Federal 
office may not accept, with respect to an election, any contribution 
from a State or local committee of a political party (including any 
subordinate committee of such committee), if such contribution, when 
added to the total of contributions previously accepted from all such 
committees of that political party, exceeds a limitation on 
contributions to a candidate under this section.''.

SEC. 404. CONTRIBUTIONS AND EXPENDITURES USING MONEY SECURED BY 
              PHYSICAL FORCE OR OTHER INTIMIDATION.

    Title III of FECA, as amended by section 707, is amended by adding 
at the end the following new section:

``contributions and expenditures using money secured by physical force 
                         or other intimidation

    ``Sec. 326. It shall be unlawful for any person to--
            ``(1) cause another person to make a contribution or 
        expenditure by using physical force, job discrimination, 
        financial reprisals, or the threat of physical force, job 
        discrimination, or financial reprisal; or
            ``(2) make a contribution or expenditure utilizing money or 
        anything of value secured in the manner described in paragraph 
        (1).''.

SEC. 405. PROHIBITION OF ACCEPTANCE BY A CANDIDATE OF CASH 
              CONTRIBUTIONS FROM ANY ONE PERSON AGGREGATING MORE THAN 
              $100.

    Section 321 of FECA (2 U.S.C. 441g) is amended by inserting ``, and 
no candidate or authorized committee of a candidate shall accept from 
any one person,'' after ``make''.

SEC. 406. OUT-OF-STATE FUNDRAISING.

    Title III of FECA, as amended by this Act, is amended by adding at 
the end the following new section:

                       ``out-of-state fundraising

    ``Sec. 328. A person shall not solicit or accept a contribution 
from a person that is not a legal resident of the candidate's State of 
residence prior to the date that is 2 years prior to the date of a 
general election for a congressional office in which the person seeks 
to become a candidate.''.

                    TITLE V--REPORTING REQUIREMENTS

SEC. 501. CHANGE IN CERTAIN REPORTING FROM A CALENDAR YEAR BASIS TO AN 
              ELECTION CYCLE BASIS.

    Paragraphs (2) through (7) of section 304(b) of FECA (2 U.S.C. 
434(b)(2)-(7)), as amended by section 315(d), are amended by inserting 
after ``calendar year'' each place it appears the following: 
``(election cycle, in the case of an authorized committee of a 
candidate for Federal office)''.

SEC. 502. PERSONAL AND CONSULTING SERVICES.

    (a) Reporting by Political Committees.--Section 304(b)(5)(A) of 
FECA (2 U.S.C. 434(b)(5)(A)) is amended by adding before the semicolon 
at the end the following: ``, except that if a person to whom an 
expenditure is made is merely providing personal or consulting services 
and is in turn making expenditures to other persons (not including 
employees) who provide goods or services to the candidate or his or her 
authorized committees, the name and address of such other person, 
together with the date, amount and purpose of such expenditure shall 
also be disclosed''.
    (b) Recordkeeping and Reporting by Persons to Whom Expenditures Are 
Passed Through.--Section 302 of FECA (2 U.S.C. 432) is amended by 
adding at the end the following new subsection:
    ``(j) The person described in section 304(b)(5)(A) who is providing 
personal or consulting services and who is in turn making expenditures 
to other persons (not including employees) for goods or services 
provided to a candidate shall maintain records of and shall provide to 
a political committee the information necessary to enable the political 
committee to report the information described in section 
304(b)(5)(A).''.

SEC. 503. COMPUTERIZED INDICES OF CONTRIBUTIONS.

    Section 311(a) of FECA (2 U.S.C. 438(a)) is amended--
            (1) by striking ``and'' at the end of paragraph (9);
            (2) by striking the period at the end of paragraph (10) and 
        inserting ``; and''; and
            (3) by adding at the end the following new paragraph:
            ``(11) maintain computerized indices of contributions of 
        $200 or more.''.

SEC. 504. FILING OF REPORTS USING COMPUTERS AND FACSIMILE MACHINES.

    Section 302(g) of FECA (2 U.S.C. 432(g)) is amended by adding at 
the end the following new paragraph:
            ``(6)(A) The Commission, in consultation with the Secretary 
        of the Senate and the Clerk of the House of Representatives, 
        shall prescribe regulations under which persons required to 
        file designations, statements, and reports under this Act--
                    ``(i) are required to maintain and file them for 
                any calendar year in electronic form accessible by 
                computers if the person has, or has reason to expect to 
                have, aggregate contributions or expenditures in excess 
                of $100,000 during the current calendar year, and
                    ``(ii) may maintain and file them in that manner if 
                not required to do so under clause (i).
            ``(B) The Commission, in consultation with the Secretary of 
        the Senate and the Clerk of the House of Representatives, shall 
        prescribe regulations which allow persons to file designations, 
        statements, and reports required by this Act through the use of 
        facsimile machines.
            ``(C) In prescribing regulations under this paragraph, the 
        Commission shall provide methods (other than signing) for 
        verifying designations, statements, and reports covered by the 
        regulations. Any document verified under any of the methods 
        shall be treated for all purposes (including penalties for 
        perjury) in the same manner as a document verified by 
        signature.
            ``(D) The Commission shall ensure that any computer (or 
        other) system developed and maintained by the Commission to 
        receive designations, statements, and reports in the forms 
        required or permitted under this paragraph are compatible with 
        the systems of the Secretary of the Senate and the Clerk of the 
        House of Representatives.''.

SEC. 505. POLITICAL COMMITTEES.

    Section 303(b) of FECA (2 U.S.C. 433(b)) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (2), by inserting ``, and if the 
        organization or committee is incorporated, the State of 
        incorporation'' after ``committee'',
            (2) by striking the ``name and address of the treasurer'' 
        in paragraph (4) and inserting ``the names and addresses of the 
        officers'', and
            (3) by striking ``and'' at the end of paragraph (5), by 
        striking the period at the end of paragraph (6) and inserting 
        ``; and'', and by adding at the end the following new 
        paragraph:
            ``(7) a statement of the purpose for which the political 
        committee was formed.''.

                 TITLE VI--FEDERAL ELECTION COMMISSION

SEC. 601. USE OF CANDIDATES' NAMES.

    Section 302(e)(4) of FECA (2 U.S.C. 432(e)(4)) is amended to read 
as follows:
    ``(4)(A) The name of each authorized committee shall include the 
name of the candidate who authorized the committee under paragraph (1).
    ``(B) A political committee that is not an authorized committee 
shall not--
            ``(i) include the name of any candidate in its name, or
            ``(ii) except in the case of a national, State, or local 
        party committee, use the name of any candidate in any activity 
        on behalf of such committee in such a context as to suggest 
        that the committee is an authorized committee of the candidate 
        or that the use of the candidate's name has been authorized by 
        the candidate.''.

SEC. 602. REPORTING REQUIREMENTS.

    (a) Option To File Monthly Reports--Section 304(a)(2) of FECA (2 
U.S.C. 434(a)(2)) is amended--
            (1) in subparagraph (A) by striking ``and'' at the end;
            (2) in subparagraph (B) by striking the period at the end 
        and inserting ``; and''; and
            (3) by inserting the following new subparagraph at the end:
            ``(C) in lieu of the reports required by subparagraphs (A) 
        and (B), the treasurer may file monthly reports in all calendar 
        years, which shall be filed no later than the 15th day after 
        the last day of the month and shall be complete as of the last 
        day of the month, except that, in lieu of filing the reports 
        otherwise due in November and December of any year in which a 
        regularly scheduled general election is held, a pre-primary 
        election report and a pre-general election report shall be 
        filed in accordance with subparagraph (A)(i), a post-general 
        election report shall be filed in accordance with subparagraph 
        (A)(ii), and a year end report shall be filed no later than 
        January 31 of the following calendar year.''.
    (b) Filing Date.--(1) Section 304(a)(3) (A)(i) and (B)(i) of FECA 
(2 U.S.C. 434(a)(3) (A)(i) and (B)(i)) are amended by striking ``20th'' 
and inserting ``15th''.
    (2) Section 304(a)(4) of FECA (2 U.S.C. 434(a)(4)) is amended--
            (A) in subparagraph (A)(i) by inserting ``, and except that 
        if at any time during the election year a committee receives 
        contributions in excess of $100,000 ($10,000 in the case of a 
        multicandidate political committee), or makes disbursements in 
        excess of $100,000 ($10,000 in the case of a multicandidate 
        political committee), monthly reports on the 15th day of each 
        month after the month in which that amount of contributions is 
        first received or that amount of disbursements is first 
        anticipated to be made during that year'' before the semicolon; 
        and
            (B) in subparagraph (B) by striking ``20th'' and inserting 
        ``15th''.
    (c) Incomplete or False Contributor Information.--Section 302(i) of 
FECA (2 U.S.C. 432(i)) is amended--
            (1) by striking ``submit'' and inserting ``report''; and
            (2) by adding the following at the end: ``In the case of a 
        contribution required to be reported under section 
        304(b)(3)(A), the contribution shall not be used by the 
        political committee to make an expenditure until the political 
        committee has obtained all of the information that is required 
        to be reported.''.
    (d) Waiver.--Section 304 of FECA (2 U.S.C. 434), as amended by 
section 315(c), is amended by adding at the end the following new 
subsection:
    ``(g) Waiver.--The Commission may relieve any category of political 
committees of the obligation to file 1 or more reports required by this 
section, or may change the due dates of such reports, if it determines 
that such action is consistent with the purposes of this Act. The 
Commission may waive requirements to file reports in accordance with 
this subsection through a rule of general applicability or, in a 
specific case, may waive or change the due date of a report by 
notifying all political committees affected.''.

SEC. 603. PROVISIONS RELATING TO THE GENERAL COUNSEL OF THE COMMISSION.

    (a) Vacancy in the Office of General Counsel.--Section 306(f) of 
FECA (2 U.S.C. 437c(f)) is amended by adding at the end the following 
new paragraph:
    ``(5) In the event of a vacancy in the office of general counsel, 
the next highest ranking enforcement official in the general counsel's 
office shall serve as acting general counsel with full powers of the 
general counsel until a successor is appointed.''.
    (b) Pay of the General Counsel.--Section 306(f)(1) of FECA (2 
U.S.C. 437c(f)(1)) is amended--
            (1) by inserting ``and the general counsel'' after ``staff 
        director'' in the second sentence; and
            (2) by striking the third sentence.

SEC. 604. PENALTIES.

    (a) Penalties Prescribed in Conciliation Agreements.--(1) Section 
309(a)(5)(A) of FECA (2 U.S.C. 437g(a)(5)(A)) is amended by striking 
``which does not exceed the greater of $5,000 or an amount equal to any 
contribution or expenditure involved in such violation.'' and inserting 
``which--
            ``(i) is not less than 50 percent of all contributions and 
        expenditures involved in the violation (or such lesser amount 
        as the Commission provides if necessary to ensure that the 
        penalty is not unjustly disproportionate to the violation); and
            ``(ii) does not exceed the greater of $5,000 or all 
        contributions and expenditures involved in the violation.''.
    (2) Section 309(a)(5)(B) of FECA (2 U.S.C. 437g(a)(5)(B)) is 
amended by striking ``which does not exceed the greater of $10,000 or 
an amount equal to 200 percent of any contribution or expenditure 
involved in such violation.'' and inserting ``which--
            ``(i) is not less than all contributions and expenditures 
        involved in the violation; and
            ``(ii) does not exceed the greater of $10,000 or 150 
        percent of all contributions and expenditures involved in the 
        violation.''.
    (b) Penalties When Violations Are Adjudicated in Court.--(1) 
Section 309(a)(6)(A) of FECA (2 U.S.C. 437g(a)(6)(A)) is amended by 
striking all that follows ``appropriate order'' and inserting ``, 
including an order for a civil penalty in the amount determined under 
subparagraph (B) or (C) in the district court of the United States for 
the district in which the defendant resides, transacts business, or may 
be found or in which the violation occurred.''.
    (2) Section 309(a)(6)(B) of FECA (2 U.S.C. 437g(a)(6)(B)) is 
amended by striking all that follows ``other order'' and inserting ``, 
including an order for a civil penalty which--
            ``(i) is not less than all contributions and expenditures 
        involved in the violation; and
            ``(ii) does not exceed the greater of $10,000 or 200 
        percent of all contributions and expenditures involved in the 
        violation,
upon a proper showing that the person involved has committed, or is 
about to commit (if the relief sought is a permanent or temporary 
injunction or a restraining order), a violation of this Act or of 
chapter 95 or chapter 96 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986.''.
    (3) Section 309(a)(6)(C) of FECA (29 U.S.C. 437g(6)(C)) is amended 
by striking ``a civil penalty'' and all that follows and inserting ``a 
civil penalty which--
            ``(i) is not less than 200 percent of all contributions and 
        expenditures involved in the violation; and
            ``(ii) does not exceed the greater of $20,000 or 250 
        percent of all contributions and expenditures involved in the 
        violation.''.

SEC. 605. AUDITS.

    (a) Random Audits.--Section 311(b) of FECA (2 U.S.C. 438(b)) is 
amended--
            (1) by inserting ``(1)'' before ``The Commission''; and
            (2) by adding at the end the following new paragraph:
    ``(2) Notwithstanding paragraph (1), the Commission may from time 
to time conduct random audits and investigations to ensure voluntary 
compliance with this Act. The subjects of such audits and 
investigations shall be selected on the basis of criteria established 
by vote of at least 4 members of the Commission to ensure impartiality 
in the selection process. This paragraph does not apply to an 
authorized committee of a candidate for President or Vice President 
subject to audit under section 9007 or 9038 of the Internal Revenue 
Code of 1986 or to an authorized committee of an eligible Senate 
candidate subject to audit under section 505(a).''.
    (b) Extension of Period During Which Campaign Audits May Be 
Begun.--Section 311(b) of FECA (2 U.S.C. 438(b)) is amended by striking 
``6 months'' and inserting ``12 months''.

SEC. 606. PROHIBITION OF FALSE REPRESENTATION TO SOLICIT CONTRIBUTIONS.

    Section 322 of FECA (2 U.S.C. 441h) is amended--
            (1) by inserting after ``Sec. 322.'' the following: 
        ``(a)''; and
            (2) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(b) No person shall solicit contributions by falsely representing 
himself as a candidate or as a representative of a candidate, a 
political committee, or a political party.''.

SEC. 607. REGULATIONS RELATING TO USE OF NON-FEDERAL MONEY.

    Section 306 of FECA (2 U.S.C. 437c) is amended by adding at the end 
the following new subsection:
    ``(g) The Commission shall promulgate regulations to prohibit 
devices or arrangements which have the purpose or effect of undermining 
or evading the provisions of this Act restricting the use of non-
Federal money to affect Federal elections.''.

SEC. 608. SIMULTANEOUS REGISTRATION OF CANDIDATE AND CANDIDATE'S 
              PRINCIPAL CAMPAIGN COMMITTEE.

    Section 303(a) of FECA (2 U.S.C. 433(a)) is amended in the first 
sentence by striking ``no later than 10 days after designation'' and 
inserting ``on the date of its designation''.

SEC. 609. REIMBURSEMENT FUND.

    Section 311 of FECA (2 U.S.C. 438) is amended by adding at the end 
thereof the following new subsection:
    ``(g)(1) There is established in the Treasury of the United States 
a Federal Election Commission Reimbursement fund (referred to in this 
subsection as the ``fund'').
    ``(2) There shall be credited to the fund an amount equal to--
            ``(A) the expenses of the Commission incurred in preparing 
        copies of documents, publications, computer tapes, and other 
        forms of records sold to the public;
            ``(B) the expenses of the Commission incurred in responding 
        to requests for records under section 552 of title 5, United 
        States Code; and
            ``(C) costs awarded to the Commission in litigation.
    ``(3) Amounts credited to the fund shall be available without 
fiscal year limitation to the Commission, in addition to amounts 
otherwise appropriated to the Commission, for the purpose of paying the 
expenses of the Commission in providing records to the public as 
described in subparagraphs (A) and (B) and in providing at no charge to 
the public informational publications designed to assist candidates, 
political committees, and other persons in complying with this Act.''.

SEC. 610. INSOLVENT POLITICAL COMMITTEES.

    Section 303(d) of FECA (2 U.S.C. 433(d)) is amended by adding at 
the end the following new paragraph:
    ``(3) Proceedings by the Commission under paragraph (2) constitute 
the sole means, to the exclusion of proceedings under title 11, United 
States Code, by which a political committee that is determined by the 
Commission to be insolvent may compromise its debts, liquidate its 
assets, and terminate its existence.''.

                        TITLE VII--MISCELLANEOUS

SEC. 701. PROHIBITION OF LEADERSHIP COMMITTEES.

    Section 302(e) of FECA (2 U.S.C. 432(e)) is amended--
            (1) by amending paragraph (3) to read as follows:
    ``(3) No political committee that supports or has supported more 
than one candidate may be designated as an authorized committee, except 
that--
            ``(A) a candidate for the office of President nominated by 
        a political party may designate the national committee of such 
        political party as the candidate's principal campaign 
        committee, but only if that national committee maintains 
        separate books of account with respect to its functions as a 
        principal campaign committee; and
            ``(B) a candidate may designate a political committee 
        established solely for the purpose of joint fundraising by such 
        candidates as an authorized committee.''; and
            (2) by adding at the end the following new paragraph:
    ``(6)(A) A candidate for Federal office or any individual holding 
Federal office may not establish, finance, maintain, or control any 
Federal or non-Federal political committee other than a principal 
campaign committee of the candidate, authorized committee, party 
committee, or other political committee designated in accordance with 
paragraph (3). A candidate for more than one Federal office may 
designate a separate principal campaign committee for each Federal 
office. This paragraph shall not preclude a Federal officeholder who is 
a candidate for State or local office from establishing, financing, 
maintaining, or controlling a political committee for election of the 
individual to such State or local office.
    ``(B) For one year after the effective date of this paragraph, any 
political committee established before such date but which is 
prohibited under subparagraph (A) may continue to make contributions. 
At the end of that period such political committee shall disburse all 
funds by one or more of the following means: making contributions to an 
entity qualified under section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code 
of 1986; making a contribution to the treasury of the United States; 
contributing to the national, State or local committees of a political 
party; or making contributions not to exceed $1,000 to candidates for 
elective office.''.

SEC. 702. POLLING DATA CONTRIBUTED TO CANDIDATES.

    Section 301(8) of FECA (2 U.S.C. 431(8)), as amended by section 
315(b), is amended by inserting at the end the following new 
subparagraph:
            ``(D) A contribution of polling data to a candidate shall 
        be valued at the usual and normal charge for the data on the 
        date the poll was completed, depreciated at a rate not more 
        than 1 percent per day from such date to the date on which the 
        contribution was made.''.

SEC. 703. DEBATES BY GENERAL ELECTION CANDIDATES WHO RECEIVE AMOUNTS 
              FROM THE PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION CAMPAIGN FUND.

    Section 315(b) of FECA (2 U.S.C. 441a(b)) is amended by adding at 
the end the following new paragraph:
            ``(3)(A) The candidates of a political party for the 
        offices of President and Vice President who are receiving 
        payments under section 9003 of the Internal Revenue Code of 
        1986 from the Secretary of the Treasury shall refund such 
        payments unless both of such candidates agree in writing--
                    ``(i) that the candidate for the office of 
                President will participate in at least 3 debates, 
                sponsored by a nonpartisan or bipartisan organization, 
                with all other candidates for that office who are 
                receiving payments under that section; and
                    ``(ii) that the candidate of the party for the 
                office of Vice President will participate in at least 1 
                debate, sponsored by a nonpartisan or bipartisan 
                organization, with all other candidates for that office 
                who are receiving payments under that section.
            ``(B) If the Commission determines that either of the 
        candidates of a political party failed to participate in a 
        debate under subparagraph (A) and was responsible at least in 
        part for such failure, the candidate of the party involved 
        shall--
                    ``(i) not receive payments under section 9006 of 
                the Internal Revenue Code of 1986; and
                    ``(ii) pay to the Secretary of the Treasury an 
                amount equal to the amount of the payments made to the 
                candidate under that section.''.

SEC. 704. TELEPHONE VOTING BY PERSONS WITH DISABILITIES.

    (a) Study of Systems To Permit Persons With Disabilities To Vote by 
Telephone.--
            (1) In general.--The Federal Election Commission shall 
        conduct a study to determine the feasibility of developing a 
        system or systems by which persons with disabilities may be 
        permitted to vote by telephone.
            (2) Consultation.--The Federal Election Commission shall 
        conduct the study described in paragraph (1) in consultation 
        with State and local election officials, representatives of the 
        telecommunications industry, representatives of persons with 
        disabilities, and other concerned members of the public.
            (3) Criteria.--The system or systems developed pursuant to 
        paragraph (1) shall--
                    (A) propose a description of the kinds of 
                disabilities that impose such difficulty in travel to 
                polling places that a person with a disability who may 
                desire to vote is discouraged from undertaking such 
                travel;
                    (B) propose procedures to identify persons who are 
                so disabled; and
                    (C) describe procedures and equipment that may be 
                used to ensure that--
                            (i) only those persons who are entitled to 
                        use the system are permitted to use it;
                            (ii) the votes of persons who use the 
                        system are recorded accurately and remain 
                        secret;
                            (iii) the system minimizes the possibility 
                        of vote fraud; and
                            (iv) the system minimizes the financial 
                        costs that State and local governments would 
                        incur in establishing and operating the system.
            (4) Requests for proposals.--In developing a system 
        described in paragraph (1), the Federal Election Commission may 
        request proposals from private contractors for the design of 
        procedures and equipment to be used in the system.
            (5) Physical access.--Nothing in this section is intended 
        to supersede or supplant efforts by State and local governments 
        to make polling places physically accessible to persons with 
        disabilities.
            (6) Deadline.--The Federal Election Commission shall submit 
        to Congress the study required by this section not later than 1 
        year after the effective date of this Act.

SEC. 705. PROVISIONS RELATING TO PRESIDENTIAL PRIMARY ELECTIONS.

    (a) Limitation on Presidential Primary Expenditures.--Section 
315(b)(1)(A) of FECA (2 U.S.C. 441a(b)(1)(A)) is amended to read as 
follows:
            ``(A) $12,000,000, in the case of a campaign for nomination 
        for election to such office; or''.
    (b) Minimum Contributions.--Section 9033(b)(3) of the Internal 
Revenue Code of 1986 is amended--
            (1) by striking ``$5,000'' and inserting ``$15,000''; and
            (2) by striking ``20 States'' and inserting ``26 States''.
    (c) Conforming Amendment.--Clause (vi) of section 301(9)(B) of FECA 
(2 U.S.C. 431(9)(B)(vi)) is hereby repealed.

SEC. 706. CERTAIN TAX-EXEMPT ORGANIZATIONS NOT SUBJECT TO CORPORATE 
              LIMITS.

    Section 316 of FECA (2 U.S.C. 441b) is amended by adding at the end 
the following new subsection:
    ``(c) Prohibitions Not To Apply To Independent Expenditures of 
Certain Tax-Exempt Organizations.--(1) Nothing in this section shall 
preclude a qualified nonprofit corporation from making independent 
expenditures (as defined in section 301(17)).
    ``(2) For purposes of this subsection, the term `qualified 
nonprofit corporation' means a corporation exempt from taxation under 
section 501(a) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 which is described 
in section 501(c)(4) of such Code and which meets the following 
requirements:
            ``(A) Its only express purpose is the promotion of 
        political ideas.
            ``(B) It cannot and does not engage in any activities that 
        constitute a trade or business.
            ``(C) Its gross receipts for the calendar year have not 
        (and will not) exceed $100,000, and the net value of its total 
        assets at any time during the calendar year do not exceed 
        $250,000.
            ``(D) It was not established by a person described in 
        section 501(c)(6) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 that is 
        exempt from taxation under section 501(a) of such Code, a 
        corporation engaged in carrying out a trade or business, or a 
        labor organization, and it cannot and does not directly or 
        indirectly accept donations of anything of value from any such 
        person, corporation, or labor organization.
            ``(E) It--
                    ``(i) has no shareholder or other person affiliated 
                with it that could make a claim on its assets or 
                earnings, and
                    ``(ii) offers no incentives or disincentives for 
                associating or not associating with it other than on 
                the basis of its position on any political issue.
    ``(3) If a major purpose of a qualified nonprofit corporation is 
the making of independent expenditures, and the requirements of section 
301(4) are met with respect to the corporation, the corporation shall 
be treated as a political committee.
    ``(4) All solicitations by a qualified nonprofit corporation shall 
include a notice informing contributors that donations may be used by 
the corporation to make independent expenditures.
    ``(5) A qualified nonprofit corporation shall file reports as 
required by section 304 (c) and (d).

SEC. 707. AIDING AND ABETTING VIOLATIONS OF FECA.

    Title III of FECA, as amended by section 313, is amended by adding 
at the end the following new section:

                    ``aiding and abetting violations

    ``Sec. 325. With reference to any provision of this Act that places 
a requirement or prohibition on any person acting in a particular 
capacity, any person who knowingly aids or abets the person in that 
capacity in violating that provision may be proceeded against as a 
principal in the violation.''.

SEC. 708. DEPOSIT OF REPAYMENTS OF EXCESS PAYMENTS FROM THE 
              PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION CAMPAIGN FUND.

    Subsection (d) of section 9007 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 
(relating to examinations, audits, and repayments) is amended to read 
as follows:
    ``(d) Deposit of Repayments.--All payments received by the 
Secretary under this section shall be deposited in the fund.''.

SEC. 709. DISQUALIFICATION FROM RECEIVING PUBLIC FUNDING FOR 
              PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION CAMPAIGNS.

    (a) General Election.--Section 9003 of the Internal Revenue Code of 
1986 (relating to condition for eligibility to receive payments) is 
amended by adding at the end the following new subsection:
    ``(e) Disqualification.--A person who has been convicted of a 
violation of this chapter or chapter 96 shall be ineligible to receive 
benefits under this chapter on and after the date of the conviction.''.
    (b) Primary Election.--Section 9033 of the Internal Revenue Code of 
1986 (relating to condition for eligibility to receive payments) is 
amended by adding at the end the following new subsection:
    ``(d) Disqualification.--A person who has been convicted of a 
violation of this chapter or chapter 95 shall be ineligible to receive 
benefits under this chapter on and after the date of the conviction.''.

SEC. 710. PROHIBITION OF CONTRIBUTIONS TO PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATES WHO 
              RECEIVE PUBLIC FUNDING IN THE GENERAL ELECTION CAMPAIGN.

    Section 315 of FECA (2 U.S.C. 441a), as amended by section 402, is 
amended by adding at the end the following new subsection:
    ``(o) Except to the extent permitted under sections 9003 (b)(2) and 
(c)(2) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, no person shall make a 
contribution to a candidate who has become eligible to receive benefits 
under chapter 95 of such Code by making a certification described in 
section 9003 (b) and (c) of such Code.''.

SEC. 711. APPLICATION OF INCREASED REVENUES TO REDUCE THE DEFICIT.

    (a) Deficit Reduction.--The amount of increased revenue to the 
United States that is determined to be attributable to the disallowance 
of a deduction from income tax for lobbying expenses made by any law 
shall be paid into the general fund of the Treasury, to reduce the 
deficit and, to the extent provided by law, shall be used to reduce the 
role of special interests in congressional elections by funding the 
provision of benefits to candidates to encourage their agreement to 
campaign expenditure limits.

SEC. 712. SENSE OF THE SENATE THAT CONGRESS SHOULD ADOPT A JOINT 
              RESOLUTION PROPOSING AN AMENDMENT TO THE CONSTITUTION 
              THAT WOULD EMPOWER CONGRESS AND THE STATES TO SET 
              REASONABLE LIMITS ON CAMPAIGN EXPENDITURES.

    It is the sense of the Senate that Congress should adopt a joint 
resolution proposing an amendment to the Constitution that would--
            (1) empower Congress to set reasonable limits on campaign 
        expenditures by, in support of, or in opposition to any 
        candidate in any primary, general, or other election for 
        Federal office; and
            (2) empower the States to set reasonable limits on campaign 
        expenditures by, in support of, or in opposition to any 
        candidate in any primary, general, or other election for State 
        or local office.

SEC. 713. SENSE OF THE SENATE.

    It is the sense of the Senate that every employee in the executive 
or legislative branch of the Federal Government shall follow 
appropriate officially prescribed procedures in contacts and dealings 
with the Federal Bureau of Investigation and the Internal Revenue 
Servce.

SEC. 714. CAMPAIGN ADVERTISING THAT REFERS TO AN OPPONENT.

    Title III of FECA, as amended by this Act, is amended by adding at 
the end the following new section:

           ``campaign advertising that refers to an opponent

    ``Sec. 329. (a) Candidates.--A candidate or candidate's authorized 
committee that places in the mail a campaign advertisement or any other 
communication to the general public that directly or indirectly refers 
to an opponent or the opponents of the candidate in an election, with 
or without identifying any opponent in particular, shall file an exact 
copy of the communication with the Commission and with the Secretary of 
State of the candidate's State by no later than 12:00 p.m. on the day 
on which the communication is first placed in the mail to the general 
public.
    ``(b) Persons Other Than Candidates.--A person other than a 
candidate or candidate's authorized committee that places in the mail a 
campaign advertisement or any other communication to the general public 
that--
            ``(1) advocates the election of a particular candidate in 
        an election; and
            ``(2) directly or indirectly refers to an opponent or the 
        opponents of the candidate in the election, with or without 
        identifying any opponent in particular,
shall file an exact copy of the communication with the Commission and 
with the Secretary of State of the candidate's State by no later than 
12:00 p.m. on the day on which the communication is first placed in the 
mail to the general public.''.

SEC. 715. LIMIT ON CONGRESSIONAL USE OF THE FRANKING PRIVILEGE.

    Section 3210(a)(6)(A) of title 39, United States Code, is amended 
to read as follows:
    ``(A) A Member of Congress may not mail any mass mailing as franked 
mail during a year in which there will be an election for the seat held 
by the Member during the period between January 1 of that year and the 
date of the general election for that office, unless the Member has 
made a public announcement that the Member will not be a candidate for 
reelection to that seat or for election to any other Federal office.''.

              TITLE VIII--EFFECTIVE DATES; AUTHORIZATIONS

SEC. 801. EFFECTIVE DATE.

    Except as otherwise provided in this Act, the amendments made by, 
and the provisions of, this Act shall take effect on the date of the 
enactment of this Act.

SEC. 802. BUDGET NEUTRALITY.

    (a) Delayed Effectiveness.--The provisions of this Act (other than 
this section) shall not be effective until the Director of the Office 
of Management and Budget certifies that the estimated costs under 
section 252 of the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act of 
1985 have been offset by the enactment of legislation effectuating this 
Act.
    (b) Funding.--Legislation effectuating this Act shall not provide 
for general revenue increases, reduce expenditures for any existing 
Federal program, or increase the Federal budget deficit, but should be 
funded by disallowing the Federal income tax deduction for expenses 
paid or incurred for lobbying the Federal Government and by repealing 
the tax exemption under section 527 of the Internal Revenue Code of 
1986 for the exempt function income of the campaign committees of a 
candidate who exceeds the voluntary Federal campaign spending limits 
(whether or not the candidate agreed to the limits).
    (c) Clarification of Relationship to Potential Reconciliation Act 
Provisions.--The amount of increased revenue to the United States that 
is determined to be attributable to the disallowance of a deduction 
from income tax for lobbying expenses made by any law shall be paid 
into the general fund of the Treasury, to reduce the deficit and, to 
the extent provided by law, shall be used to reduce the role of special 
interests in congressional elections by funding the provision of 
benefits to candidates to encourage their agreement to campaign 
expenditure limits.

SEC. 803. SEVERABILITY.

    Except as provided in section 101(c), if any provision of this Act 
(including any amendment made by this Act), or the application of any 
such provision to any person or circumstance, is held invalid, the 
validity of any other provision of this Act, or the application of such 
provision to other persons and circumstances, shall not be affected 
thereby.

SEC. 804. EXPEDITED REVIEW OF CONSTITUTIONAL ISSUES.

    (a) Direct Appeal to Supreme Court.--An appeal may be taken 
directly to the Supreme Court of the United States from any 
interlocutory order or final judgment, decree, or order issued by any 
court ruling on the constitutionality of any provision of this Act or 
amendment made by this Act.
    (b) Acceptance and Expedition.--The Supreme Court shall, if it has 
not previously ruled on the question addressed in the ruling below, 
accept jurisdiction over, advance on the docket, and expedite the 
appeal to the greatest extent possible.

SEC. 805. REGULATIONS.

    The Federal Election Commission shall prescribe any regulations 
required to carry out the provisions of this Act within 9 months after 
the effective date of this Act.

            Passed the Senate June 17 (legislative day, June 15), 1993.

            Attest:






                                                             Secretary.

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