[Congressional Bills 103th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[S. 2216 Introduced in Senate (IS)]

103d CONGRESS
  2d Session
                                S. 2216

To state the sense of Congress on the production, possession, transfer, 
  and use of antipersonnel landmines, to place a moratorium on United 
 States production of antipersonnel landmines, and for other purposes.


_______________________________________________________________________


                   IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES

                June 21 (legislative day, June 7), 1994

   Mr. Leahy (for himself, Mr. Inouye, Mr. Lugar, Mr. Mitchell, Mr. 
    Moynihan, Mr. Robb, Mr. Simpson, Mr. Dodd, Mrs. Feinstein, Mr. 
 Metzenbaum, Mrs. Kassebaum, Mr. Sasser, Mr. Daschle, Mr. Graham, Mr. 
   Chafee, Mr. DeConcini, Mr. Simon, Ms. Mikulski, Mr. Feingold, Mr. 
 Specter, Mr. Bingaman, Mr. Kerry, Mr. Kerrey, Mr. Pell, Mr. Exon, Mr. 
 Ford, Mr. Kohl, Mr. Wellstone, Mr. Bumpers, Mr. Wofford, Mr. Mathews, 
 Mr. Sarbanes, Mr. Jeffords, Mrs. Boxer, Mr. Akaka, Mr. Hatfield, Mr. 
   Harkin, Mr. Riegle, Mr. Dorgan, Mr. Kennedy, Mr. Lautenberg, Mrs. 
     Murray, Ms. Moseley-Braun, Mr. Rockefeller, Mr. Bradley, Mr. 
Durenberger, Mr. Reid, Mr. Biden, Mr. Conrad, Mr. Glenn, Mr. Campbell, 
  Mr. Pryor, Mr. Baucus, Mr. Lieberman, and Mr. Bryan) introduced the 
 following bill; which was read twice and referred to the Committee on 
                             Armed Services

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL


 
To state the sense of Congress on the production, possession, transfer, 
  and use of antipersonnel landmines, to place a moratorium on United 
 States production of antipersonnel landmines, and for other purposes.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. FINDINGS.

    The Congress makes the following findings:
            (1) There are approximately 100,000,000 unexploded 
        antipersonnel landmines strewn in more than 60 countries around 
        the world, and tens of millions of antipersonnel landmines are 
        stored in stockpiles. The Department of State reports that 
        ``landmines may be the most toxic and widespread pollution 
        facing mankind''.
            (2) Like chemical and biological weapons, landmines kill 
        and maim indiscriminately.
            (3) After the United States adopted a unilateral moratorium 
        on the export of antipersonnel landmines, the United Nations 
        General Assembly unanimously called for an international 
        moratorium on such exports, and the Governments of France, 
        Germany, Greece, Belgium, the Netherlands, Poland, Slovakia, 
        and South Africa have announced export moratoria. The 
        Government of Cambodia has stated that it will no longer use or 
        purchase antipersonnel landmines.
            (4) Despite such actions, far more antipersonnel landmines 
        are being strewn than are being cleared. Each month, at least 
        1,200 persons, mostly innocent civilians, are killed or injured 
        by landmines. In some countries, more than one third of all 
        casualties of antipersonnel landmines are women and children.
            (5) With hundreds of types of antipersonnel landmines being 
        produced in at least 50 countries, only international 
        cooperation on limits on the production, possession, transfer, 
        and use of antipersonnel landmines will stop the slaughter of 
        innocent lives.
            (6) A United Nations conference to review the 1980 
        Conventional Weapons Convention, including Protocol II to the 
        Convention (otherwise known as the Landmine Protocol), is 
        planned for 1995. Meetings of governmental experts to prepare 
        for the conference have begun. This is a critical time for 
        United States leadership to help solve the landmine crisis.

SEC. 2. POLICY.

    It is the sense of Congress that the President should--
            (1) actively seek an international agreement prohibiting 
        the production, possession, transfer, and use of antipersonnel 
        landmines; and
            (2) as interim measures to be pursued during the seeking of 
        such prohibitions, actively seek international agreements, 
        modifications of the 1980 Conventional Weapons Convention, or 
        other agreements or arrangements to limit further the 
        production, possession, transfer, and use of antipersonnel 
        landmines.

SEC. 3. MORATORIUM ON THE PRODUCTION AND PROCUREMENT OF ANTIPERSONNEL 
              LANDMINES.

    (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that a 
moratorium by the United States on the purchase and production of 
antipersonnel landmines would encourage other nations to adopt similar 
measures.
    (b) Moratorium.--Effective 90 days after the date of the enactment 
of this Act, the United States Government shall not purchase or produce 
antipersonnel landmines.
    (c) Period of Moratorium.--The prohibition set forth in subsection 
(b) shall continue until the end of the one-year period beginning on 
the date of the enactment of this Act.
    (d) Actions by Other Nations.--(1) The Congress urges the 
President, during the period referred to in subsection (c), to 
encourage each nation which is a major producer of antipersonnel 
landmines to adopt a moratorium similar to the moratorium described in 
subsection (b).
    (2) If the President determines during the period referred to in 
subsection (c) that nations that are major producers of antipersonnel 
landmines have adopted moratoria similar to the moratorium described in 
subsection (b), the President may extend the moratorium for such 
additional time as the President considers appropriate.
    (3) For the purposes of this subsection, the term ``major producers 
of antipersonnel landmines'' shall include the following:
            (A) Belgium.
            (B) Bulgaria.
            (C) The Peoples Republic of China.
            (D) Egypt.
            (E) France.
            (F) Germany.
            (G) Hungary.
            (H) Italy.
            (I) Pakistan.
            (J) Russia.
            (K) South Africa.
            (L) The United Kingdom.

SEC. 4. AUTHORIZATION OF FUNDS FOR DEMINING ACTIVITIES.

    Of the funds authorized by an Act authorizing appropriations for 
military activities of the Department of Defense, $10,000,000 are 
authorized to support humanitarian activities relating to the clearing 
and disarming of landmines and the protection of civilians from 
landmines (including activities relating to the furnishing of 
education, training, technical assistance, demining equipment and 
technology and activities relating to research and development on 
demining equipment and technology) and for contributions to United 
Nations agencies and programs and to nongovernmental organizations to 
support such activities, and $10,000,000 are authorized for efforts to 
improve landmine detection and neutralization.

SEC. 5. ANALYSIS AND ASSESSMENT OF COSTS AND EFFECTS OF ANTIPERSONNEL 
              LANDMINES.

    (a) Analysis.--(1) Not later than 180 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the Administrator of the Agency for 
International Development and the Secretary of State shall jointly 
submit to Congress a joint report containing a quantitative and 
qualitative analysis of the social, economic, and environmental costs 
and effects of the use of antipersonnel landmines.
    (2) The analysis shall cover not less than three countries (as 
jointly determined by the Administrator and the Secretary) in which the 
presence of landmines presents significant social, economic, and 
environmental problems.
    (3) In preparing the report, the Administrator and the Secretary 
shall rely on any appropriate governmental and nongovernmental 
materials and sources of information that are available to them.
    (b) Assessment.--(1) The Secretary of Defense shall submit to 
Congress a report setting forth the total number of members of the 
United States Armed Forces killed or wounded by antipersonnel landmines 
during each of the following periods:
            (A) World War II.
            (B) The Korean conflict.
            (C) The Vietnam era.
            (D) The Persian Gulf War.
    (2) The Secretary of Defense shall submit the report under this 
subsection at the same time that the report required under subsection 
(a) is submitted.

SEC. 6. DEFINITIONS.

    For purposes of this Act:
            (1) The term ``antipersonnel landmine'' means any of the 
        following:
                    (A) Any munition placed under, on, or near the 
                ground or other surface area, delivered by artillery, 
                rocket, mortar, or similar means, or dropped from an 
                aircraft and which is designed, constructed, adapted, 
                or designed to be adapted to be detonated or exploded 
                by the presence, proximity, or contact of a person.
                    (B) Any device or material which is designed, 
                constructed, adapted, or designed to be adapted to kill 
                or injure and which functions unexpectedly when a 
                person disturbs or approaches an apparently harmless 
                object or performs an apparently safe act.
            (2) The term ``1980 Conventional Weapons Convention'' means 
        the 1980 Conventional Weapons Convention on Production or 
        Restrictions on the Use of Certain Conventional Weapons Which 
        May Be Deemed To Be Excessively Injurious or To Have 
        Indiscriminate Effects, done at New York on April 10, 1981.

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