[Congressional Bills 103th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[S. 1296 Introduced in Senate (IS)]
103d CONGRESS
1st Session
S. 1296
For reform in emerging new democracies and support and help for
improved partnership with Russia, Ukraine, and other new independent
States.
_______________________________________________________________________
IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES
July 27 (legislative day, June 30), 1993
Mr. Pell (by request) introduced the following bill; which was read
twice and referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations
_______________________________________________________________________
A BILL
For reform in emerging new democracies and support and help for
improved partnership with Russia, Ukraine, and other new independent
States.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the
United States of America in Congress assembled,
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLES.
This Act may be cited as the ``Act for reform in emerging new
democracies and support and help for improved partnership with Russia,
Ukraine, and other new independent States'' or the ``FRIENDSHIP with
Russia, Ukraine, and other new independent States Act''.
TITLE I--POLICY OF FRIENDSHIP AND COOPERATION BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES
AND RUSSIA, UKRAINE, AND THE OTHER INDEPENDENT STATES OF THE FORMER
SOVIET UNION
SEC. 101. FINDINGS.
The Congress finds that--
(1) the Vancouver Declaration issued by President Clinton
and President Yeltsin marked a new milestone in the development
of the spirit of cooperation and partnership between the United
States and Russia, and the Congress affirms its support for the
principles contained therein;
(2) the Vancouver Declaration underscored--
(A) that a dynamic and effective partnership
between the United States and Russia is vital to the
success of Russia's historic transformation;
(B) that the rapid integration of Russia into the
community of democratic nations and the world economy
is important to the national interest of the United
States; and
(C) that cooperation between the United States and
Russia is essential to the peaceful resolution of
international conflicts and the promotion of democratic
values, the protection of human rights, and the
solution of global problems, such as environmental
pollution, terrorism, and narcotics trafficking;
(3) the Congress passed the FREEDOM Support Act, as well as
other legislation including the Soviet Nuclear Threat Reduction
Act of 1991 and the Former Soviet Union Demilitarization Act of
1992, to help meet the historic opportunities and challenges
presented by the transformation that has taken place, and is
continuing to take place, in what once was the Soviet Union;
(4) the process of reform in Russia, Ukraine, and the other
independent States of the former Soviet Union is ongoing, and
the holding of a referendum in Russia on April 25, 1993, that
was free and fair, and that reflected the support of the
Russian people for the process of continued and strengthened
democratic and economic reform, represents an important and
encouraging hallmark in this ongoing process;
(5) in support of this process, it is important that
reformers and democrats in the independent States of the former
Soviet Union recognize the resolve of the people of the United
States to do business with these States in a new spirit of
friendship and cooperation, and the support of the people of
the United States for continued democratic and economic reform;
and
(6) there remain in force many statutory provisions that
are relics of the cold war, and repeals or revisions of these
provisions can play an important role in fostering and
strengthening the bonds of trust and friendship, as well as
mutually beneficial trade and economic relations, between the
United States and Russia, the United States and Ukraine, and
the United States and the other independent States of the
former Soviet Union.
SEC. 102. STATUTORY PROVISIONS THAT HAVE BEEN APPLICABLE TO THE SOVIET
UNION.
(a) In General.--There are numerous statutory provisions that were
enacted in the context of United States relations with a country, the
Soviet Union, that are fundamentally different from the relations that
now exist between the United States and Russia, between the United
States and Ukraine, and between the United States and the other
independent States of the former Soviet Union.
(b) Extent of Such Provisions.--(1) Many of the provisions referred
to in subsection (a) imposed limitations specifically with respect to
the Soviet Union, and its constituent republics, or utilized language
that reflected the tension that existed at that time between the United
States and the Soviet Union. Other such provisions did not refer
specifically to the Soviet Union, but nonetheless were directed, or may
be construed as having been directed, against the Soviet Union on the
basis of the relations that existed at that time between the United
States and the Soviet Union, particularly in its role as the leading
communist country.
(2) The provisions referred to in paragraph (1) include, in
addition to those revised or eliminated by this Act--
(A) the Joint Resolution providing for the designation of
the third week of July as ``Captive Nations Week'' (Public Law
86-90);
(B) the Communist Control Act of 1954 (Public Law 83-637);
(C) provisions in the Immigration and Nationality Act
(Public Law 82-414), including sections 101(a)(40), 101(e)(3),
and 313(a)(3);
(D) section 2 of the Joint Resolution to promote peace and
stability in the Middle East (Public Law 85-7);
(E) section 43 of the Bretton Woods Agreement Act (Public
Law 79-171); and
(F) section 804 of the Foreign Relations Authorization Act,
Fiscal Year 1986 and 1987 (Public Law 99-93).
(c) Finding and Affirmation.--The Congress finds and affirms that
provisions such as those described in this section should not be
construed as being directed against Russia, Ukraine, or the other
independent States of the former Soviet Union, connoting an adversarial
relationship between the United States and these States, or signifying
or implying in any manner unfriendliness toward such States.
TITLE II--TRADING AND BUSINESS RELATIONS
SEC. 201. ELIGIBILITY FOR GENERALIZED SYSTEM OF PREFERENCES.
The table in section 502(b) of the Trade Act of 1974 (Public Law
93-618) is amended by striking out ``Union of Soviet Socialist
Republics''.
SEC. 202. POLICY UNDER EXPORT ADMINISTRATION ACT.
The Export Administration Act of 1979 (Public Law 96-72) is
amended--
(a) in section 2, by striking paragraph (11), and by
renumbering paragraphs (12) and (13) as paragraphs (11) and
(12), respectively; and
(b) by deleting section 3(15).
SEC. 203. PROHIBITIONS AND RESTRICTIONS ON IMPORTATIONS OF STRATEGIC
AND CRITICAL MATERIALS INTO THE UNITED STATES.
Section 13 of the Strategic and Critical Materials Stock Piling Act
(Public Law 76-117) is amended--
(a) by striking ``The President'' and inserting in lieu
thereof ``(a) Except as provided in subsection (b), the
President'';
(b) by inserting the following at the end thereof:
``(b) A country of Eastern Europe or the independent States of the
former Soviet Union shall not be considered a Communist-dominated
country or area for purposes of this section if the President
determines that application of subsection (a) with respect to that
country should be waived.''.
SEC. 204. REPRESENTATION OF COUNTRIES OF EASTERN EUROPE AND THE
INDEPENDENT STATES OF THE FORMER SOVIET UNION IN LEGAL
COMMERCIAL TRANSACTIONS.
Section 951(e) of title 18, United States Code, is amended by
striking ``the Soviet Union'' and all that follows through ``or Cuba''
and inserting in lieu thereof ``Cuba, or any other country that the
President has determined and reported to Congress poses a threat to the
national security interests of the United States for purposes of this
section''.
SEC. 205. PROCEDURES REGARDING TRANSFERS OF CERTAIN DEPARTMENT OF
DEFENSE-FUNDED ITEMS.
(a) Section 709(d) of the Department of Defense Appropriations
Authorization Act, 1975 (Public Law 93-365) is amended by striking
``the Soviet Union'' and all that follows through ``countries as may
be'' and inserting in lieu thereof ``any country so''.
(b) Section 223 of the National Defense Authorization Act for
Fiscal Years 1988 and 1989 (Public Law 100-180) is repealed.
SEC. 206. LEND LEASE.
The President may waive the application of the second sentence of
section 404(b) of the Trade Act of 1974 (Public Law 93-618) to any of
the independent States of the former Soviet Union for such period of
time as he determines to be appropriate.
SEC. 207. SOVIET SLAVE LABOR.
Section 1906 of the Omnibus Trade and Competitiveness Act of 1988
(Public Law 100-418) is repealed.
SEC. 208. MULTILATERAL EXPORT CONTROLS ENHANCEMENT AMENDMENTS ACT.
Section 2442 of the Multilateral Export Control Enhancement
Amendments Act (Public Law 100-418) is amended--
(a) by deleting paragraph (1); and
(b) by redesignating paragraphs (2) through (5) as
paragraphs (1) through (4), respectively.
TITLE III--CULTURAL, EDUCATIONAL AND EXCHANGE PROGRAMS
SEC. 301. MUTUAL EDUCATIONAL AND CULTURAL EXCHANGE ACT OF 1961.
The Mutual Educational and Cultural Exchange Act of 1961, as
amended (Public Law 87-256), is further amended--
(a) in section 112(a)(8), by striking ``Soviet Union'' both
times it occurs, and in each case inserting in lieu thereof
``independent States of the former Soviet Union''; and
(b) in section 113 by--
(1) amending the section heading to read
``Exchanges Between the United States and the
Independent States of the Former Soviet Union.'';
(2) striking the phrase ``an agreement with the
Union of Soviet Socialist Republics'' and inserting in
lieu thereof ``agreements with the independent States
of the former Soviet Union'';
(3) striking the phrase ``made by the Soviet
Union'' and inserting in lieu thereof ``made by such
States'';
(4) striking the phrase ``the United States and the
Soviet Union'' and inserting in lieu thereof ``the
United States and those States''; and
(5) striking the phrase ``Soviet citizens'' and
inserting in lieu thereof ``citizens of such States''.
SEC. 302. SOVIET-EASTERN EUROPEAN RESEARCH AND TRAINING.
The Soviet-Eastern European Research and Training of 1983 (title
VIII of Public Law 98-164) is amended--
(a) in section 801, by striking ```Soviet-Eastern European
Research and Training'' and inserting in lieu thereof
```Research and Training for Eastern Europe and the Independent
States of the Former Soviet Union'';
(b) in sections 803 and 804(a), by striking ``Soviet-
Eastern European Studies Advisory Committee'' and in each case
inserting in lieu thereof ``Advisory Committee for Studies of
Eastern Europe and the Independent States of the Former Soviet
Union'';
(c) in subsections (1), (2), and (3)(E) of section 802, by
striking the phrase ``Soviet Union and Eastern European
countries'' and in each case inserting in lieu thereof ``the
countries of Eastern Europe and the independent States of the
former Soviet Union'';
(d) in section 804(d), by striking the phrase ``Soviet and
Eastern European countries'' and inserting in lieu thereof
``the countries of Eastern Europe and the independent States of
the former Soviet Union'';
(e) in section 805(b)--
(1) in paragraphs (2)(A), (2)(B), and (6), by
striking the phrase ``Soviet and Eastern European
studies'' and in each case inserting in lieu thereof
``studies on the countries of Eastern Europe and the
independent States of the former Soviet Union'';
(2) in subparagraphs (A) and (B) of paragraph (3),
by striking the phrase ``the fields of Soviet and
Eastern European studies'' and in each case inserting
in lieu thereof ``the countries of Eastern Europe and
the independent States of the former Soviet Union'';
(3) in paragraph (3)(A) by striking the phrase
``the Soviet Union and Eastern European countries'' and
inserting in lieu thereof ``those countries'';
(4) in paragraph (4), by striking ``Union of Soviet
Socialist Republics'' the first time it appears and
inserting in lieu thereof ``independent States of the
former Soviet Union''; and by striking the phrase ``the
Union of Soviet Socialist Republics and Eastern
European countries'' and inserting in lieu thereof
``those countries''; and
(5) in paragraph (5), by striking everything in the
first sentence following ``support'' and inserting in
lieu thereof ``training in the languages of the
independent States of the former Soviet Union and the
countries of Eastern Europe.''; and in the last
sentence by inserting immediately before the period
``and, as appropriate, studies of other languages of
the independent States of the former Soviet Union'';
and
(f) by redesignating the title heading to read:
``TITLE VIII--RESEARCH AND TRAINING FOR EASTERN EUROPE AND THE
INDEPENDENT STATES OF THE FORMER SOVIET UNION''.
SEC. 303. FASCELL FELLOWSHIP ACT.
The Fascell Fellowship Act (title X of Public Law 99-399) is
amended in the section heading for section 1002 by striking ``soviet
union and eastern europe'' and inserting in lieu thereof ``countries of
eastern europe and the independent states of the former soviet union''.
SEC. 304. BOARD FOR INTERNATIONAL BROADCASTING.
(a) The Board for International Broadcasting Act of 1973 (Public
Law 93-129) is amended--
(1) in paragraphs (3) and (5) of section 2, by striking the
phrase ``Union of Soviet Socialist Republics'' and in each case
inserting in lieu thereof ``independent States of the former
Soviet Union''; and
(2) in section 6, by striking the phrase ``Soviet Union''
and inserting in lieu thereof ``independent States of the
former Soviet Union''.
(b) Sections 307 and 308 of the Board for International
Broadcasting Authorization Act, Fiscal Years 1984 and 1985 (title III
of Public Law 98-164) are repealed.
SEC. 305. SCHOLARSHIP PROGRAMS FOR DEVELOPING COUNTRIES.
Section 601 of the Foreign Relations Authorization Act, Fiscal
Years 1986 and 1987 (Public Law 99-93) is amended by--
(a) deleting subsections (6) and (7); and
(b) redesignating subsections (8), (9), and (10) as
subsections (6), (7), and (8), respectively.
SEC. 306. ELIMINATION OF REPORT ON SOVIET PARTICIPANTS IN EXCHANGE
PROGRAMS THAT JEOPARDIZE NATIONAL SECURITY INTERESTS.
Section 126 of the Department of State Authorization Act, Fiscal
Years 1982 and 1983 (Public Law 97-241) is repealed.
TITLE IV--ARMS CONTROL
SEC. 401. ARMS CONTROL AND DISARMAMENT ACT.
The Arms Control and Disarmament Act (Public Law 87-297) is
amended--
(a) in section 38, by striking ``United States-Union of
Soviet Socialist Republics'';
(b) in section 51, by--
(1) striking ``Soviet foreign and military
policies'' and inserting in lieu thereof ``the foreign
and military policies of the independent States of the
former Soviet Union'';
(2) striking everything following ``affairs,'' and
inserting in lieu thereof ``who also demonstrate
fluency in the Russian language or another of the
independent States of the former Soviet Union.''; and
(3) amending the title of the section to read
``Specialists Fluent in Russian or Other Languages of
the Independent States of the Former Soviet Union'';
(c) in section 52--
(1) by striking ``the Soviet Union'' each times it
occurs, and in each case inserting in lieu thereof
``Russia''; and
(2) by striking ``Soviet adherence'' and inserting
in lieu thereof ``Russian adherence''; and
(d) in section 61(4)--
(1) in subparagraph (A), by striking ``the Soviet
Union'' and inserting in lieu thereof ``Russia,
Ukraine, Kazakhstan, Belarus, Turkmenistan,
Uzbekistan'';
(2) in subparagraphs (B) and (D), by striking
``Soviet'' each time it occurs; and
(3) in subparagraph (C), by striking ``the Soviet
Union'' and inserting in lieu thereof ``Russia''.
SEC. 402. PROVISIONS IN ARMS EXPORT CONTROL ACT.
The Arms Export Control Act (Public Law 90-629) is amended--
(a) in section 94(b)(3)(B) and section 95(5), by striking
``Warsaw Pact country'' and in each case inserting in lieu
thereof ``country of the Eastern Group of States Parties''; and
(b) by replacing the period at the end of section 95 and
inserting in lieu thereof ``or a successor State to such a
country.''.
SEC. 403. REPORTS.
(a) Section 1002 of the Department of Defense Authorization Act,
1986 (Public Law 99-145) is repealed.
(b) Section 906 of the National Defense Authorization Act, Fiscal
Year 1989 (Public Law 100-456) is repealed.
SEC. 404. JOINT RESOLUTION ON U.S./SOVIET DIRECT COMMUNICATION LINK.
The Joint Resolution Authorizing the Secretary of Defense to
provide to the Soviet Union, on a non-reimbursable basis, equipment and
services necessary for an improved United States/Soviet Direct
Communication Link for crisis control (Public Law 99-85) is amended--
(a) in the first unnumbered section--
(1) by striking ``provide to the Soviet Union'' and
inserting in lieu thereof ``provide to Russia'';
(2) by striking ``maintain the Soviet Union part''
and inserting in lieu thereof ``maintain the Russian
part''; and
(3) by striking ``services to the Soviet Union''
and inserting in lieu thereof ``services to Russia'';
and;
(b) in section 2(b), by inserting ``or Russia'' after ``the
Soviet Union''.
TITLE V--PROVISIONS RELATED TO DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS
SEC. 501. TRAVEL RESTRICTIONS.
Section 216 of the State Department Basic Authorities Act of 1956
(Public Law 84-885) is amended--
(a) in subsection (a), by striking everything following the
word ``apply'' and inserting in lieu thereof ``appropriate
restrictions to the travel while in the United States of the
individuals described in subsection (b).''; and
(b) in subsection (e), by striking paragraph (1); and by
redesignating paragraphs (2) and (3) as paragraphs (1) and (2),
respectively.
SEC. 502. PERSONNEL LEVELS AND LIMITATIONS.
(a) Section 602 of the Intelligence Authorization Act for Fiscal
Year 1990 (Public Law 101-193) is repealed.
(b) Section 154 of the Foreign Relations Authorization Act, Fiscal
Years 1988 and 1989 (Public Law 100-204) is repealed.
(c) Section 501 of the Intelligence Authorization Act, Fiscal Year
1988 (Public Law 100-178) is repealed.
(d) Section 702 of the Intelligence Authorization Act for Fiscal
Year 1987 (Public Law 99-569) is repealed.
(e) Sections 136 and 813 of the Foreign Relations Authorization
Act, Fiscal Years 1986 and 1987 (Public Law 99-93) are repealed.
SEC. 503. OTHER PROVISIONS RELATED TO OPERATION OF EMBASSIES AND
CONSULATES.
(a) The Foreign Relations Authorization Act, Fiscal Years 1992 and
1993 (Public Law 102-138) is amended--
(1) in section 132, by striking subsections (a) through (d)
and subsections (h) through (j); and
(2) by deleting section 133.
(b) Section 134 of the Foreign Relations Authorization Act, Fiscal
Years 1990 and 1991 (Public Law 101-246) is repealed.
(c) Section 1232 of the National Defense Authorization Act, Fiscal
Year 1989 (Public Law 100-456) is repealed.
(d) Sections 151 through 153 of the Foreign Relations Authorization
Act, Fiscal Years 1988 and 1989 (Public Law 100-204) are repealed.
(e) Section 1122 of the National Defense Authorization Act for
Fiscal Years 1988 and 1989 (Public Law 100-180) is repealed.
(f) Section 901 of the Intelligence Authorization Act, Fiscal Year
1988 (Public Law 100-178) is repealed.
(g) Section 1364 of the National Defense Authorization Act, Fiscal
Year 1987 (Public Law 99-661) is amended--
(1) by striking subsections (a) and (c); and
(2) by striking ``(b)''.
SEC. 504. FOREIGN SERVICE BUILDINGS ACT.
Section 4(j) of the Foreign Service Buildings Act, 1926 (Public Law
69-186) is repealed.
TITLE VI--PROVISIONS RELATED TO OCEANS AND ENVIRONMENT
SEC. 601. ARCTIC RESEARCH AND POLICY ACT.
Section 102(a) of the Arctic Research and Policy Act of 1984 (title
I of Public Law 98-373) is amended--
(a) in paragraph (2), by striking ``as'' and all that
follows through the comma; and
(b) in paragraph (10), by striking ``, particularly the
Soviet Union,''.
SEC. 602. FUR SEAL MANAGEMENT.
Section 102 of the Fur Seal Act of 1966 (Public Law 89-702) is
amended by striking ``the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics'' and
inserting in lieu thereof ``Russia''.
SEC. 603. GLOBAL CLIMATE PROTECTION.
Section 1106 of the Global Climate Protection Act of 1987 (title XI
of Public Law 100-204) is amended by--
(a) striking ``Soviet Union'' and inserting in lieu thereof
``independent States of the former Soviet Union'';
(b) striking ``their joint role as the world's two major''
and inserting in lieu thereof ``the extent to which they are'';
and
(c) striking ``United States-Soviet relations'' and
inserting in lieu thereof ``United States relations with these
countries''.
TITLE VII--REGIONAL AND GENERAL DIPLOMATIC ISSUES
SEC. 701. UNITED NATIONS ASSESSMENTS.
Section 717 of the International Security and Development
Cooperation Act of 1981 (Public Law 97-113) is amended--
(a) in subsection (a) by--
(1) in paragraph (2), inserting ``and'' after the
semicolon; and
(2) striking the semicolon in paragraph (3) and all
that follows through ``operations of the United
Nations'' in paragraph (4); and
(b) in subsection (b), by striking ``undertake'' and all
that follows through ``including its'', and inserting in lieu
thereof ``appropriate diplomatic initiatives to ensure that
members make payments of all their outstanding financial
obligations to the United Nations, including their''.
SEC. 702. AFGHANISTAN.
Section 1241 of the Foreign Relations Authorization Act, Fiscal
Years 1988 and 1989 (Public Law 100-204) is repealed.
SEC. 703. ANGOLA.
(a) Section 1222 of the Foreign Relations Authorization Act, Fiscal
Years 1988 and 1989 (Public Law 100-204) is repealed.
(b) Section 405 of the International Security Assistance and Arms
Export Control Act of 1976 (Public Law 94-329) is repealed.
SEC. 704. INDEPENDENCE OF ESTONIA, LATVIA, AND LITHUANIA.
(a) Paragraph (1) of section 1206 of the Foreign Relations
Authorization Act, Fiscal Years 1988 and 1989 (Public Law 100-204) is
amended to read as follows:
``(1) the continuing desire and right of the people of the
Baltic States of Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania for freedom and
independence should be recognized; and''.
(b) The Joint Resolution Designating June 14, 1991, and June 14,
1992, each as ``Baltic Freedom Day'' (Public Law 102-17) is amended by
striking the preamble.
SEC. 705. OBSOLETE REFERENCES IN FOREIGN ASSISTANCE ACT.
The Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, as amended (Public Law 87-195),
is further amended--
(a) in section 501 by--
(1) striking the phrase ``international communism
and the countries it controls'' and inserting in lieu
thereof ``hostile countries'';
(2) striking the phrase ``defeat Communist or
Communist-supported aggression'' and inserting in lieu
thereof ``defeat aggression''; and
(3) in the fifth paragraph, striking everything
following ``victims of'' and inserting in lieu thereof
``aggression or in which the internal security is
threatened by internal subversion inspired or supported
by hostile countries.'';
(b) in section 614, by striking the phrase ``active
Communist or Communist-supported aggression'' and inserting in
lieu thereof ``active aggression''; and
(c) by deleting section 620(h).
SEC. 706. SENSE OF CONGRESS ON REVIEW OF POLICY TOWARD USSR.
Section 24 of the International Security Assistance Act of 1978
(Public Law 95-384) is repealed.
TITLE VIII--INTERNAL SECURITY PROVISIONS; SOVIET CONSPIRACY TO
ESTABLISH WORLDWIDE COMMUNIST DICTATORSHIP
SEC. 801. CIVIL DEFENSE.
Section 501(b)(2) of the Federal Civil Defense Act of 1950 (Public
Law 81-920) is amended by striking the first comma and all that follows
through ``balance''.
SEC. 802. REPORT ON SOVIET PRESS MANIPULATION IN THE UNITED STATES.
Section 147 of the Foreign Relations Authorization Act, Fiscal
Years 1986 and 1987 (Public Law 99-93) is repealed.
SEC. 803. SUBVERSIVE ACTIVITIES CONTROL ACT.
The Subversive Activities Control Act of 1950 (title I of Public
Law 81-831) is amended--
(a) by deleting sections 1 through 3, 5, 6, and 9 through
16; and
(b) in section 4, by--
(1) striking subsections (a) and (f);
(2) redesignating subsections (b) through (e) as
subsections (a) through (d), respectively;
(3) in the subsection redesignated as subsection
(a), striking ``or an officer'' and all that follows
through ``section 3 of this title''; and
(4) in the subsection redesignated as subsection
(b), striking ``, or any officer'' and all that follows
through ``section 3 of this title,''.
TITLE IX--MISCELLANEOUS
SEC. 901. FOREIGN RELATIONS AUTHORIZATION ACT, FISCAL YEARS 1988 AND
1989.
Sections 1201 through 1204 of the Foreign Relations Authorization
Act, Fiscal Years 1988 and 1989 (Public Law 100-204) are repealed.
SEC. 902. FOREIGN RELATIONS AUTHORIZATION ACT, FISCAL YEARS 1986 AND
1987.
Sections 148 and 805 of the Foreign Relations Authorization Act,
Fiscal Years 1986 and 1987 (Public Law 99-93) are repealed.
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