[Congressional Bills 103th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[S. 1096 Introduced in Senate (IS)]

103d CONGRESS
  1st Session
                                S. 1096

To amend the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 to establish and strengthen 
 policies and programs for the early stabilization of world population 
  through the global expansion of reproductive choice, and for other 
                               purposes.


_______________________________________________________________________


                   IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES

                             June 10, 1993

  Mr. Bingaman (for himself and Mr. Simpson) introduced the following 
  bill; which was read twice and referred to the Committee on Foreign 
                               Relations

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL


 
To amend the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 to establish and strengthen 
 policies and programs for the early stabilization of world population 
  through the global expansion of reproductive choice, and for other 
                               purposes.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``International Population 
Stabilization and Reproductive Health Act''.

SEC. 2. AUTHORITIES RELATING TO UNITED STATES POPULATION ASSISTANCE.

    Part I of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 is amended--
            (1) in section 104(b), by striking ``on such terms and 
        conditions as he may determine'' and inserting ``in accordance 
        with the provisions of chapter 12''; and
            (2) by adding at the end the following new chapter:

           ``CHAPTER 12--UNITED STATES POPULATION ASSISTANCE

    ``Sec. 499. Definition.--For purposes of this chapter, the term 
`United States population assistance' means assistance provided under 
section 104(b) of this Act.
    ``Sec. 499A. Congressional Findings.--The Congress makes the 
following findings:
            ``(1) Throughout much of the world, the inability of women, 
        particularly poor women, to exercise choice over childbearing 
        undermines women's struggle for self-determination, contributes 
        to death and suffering among women and their children, puts 
        pressure on the land, forests, and other natural resources on 
        which many poor families depend for their survival, and in 
        other ways vitiates the efforts of families to lift themselves 
        out of the poverty in which over one billion of the world's 
        more than five billion people live.
            ``(2) During the 1980s, nearly 800 million people, a number 
        three times greater than the population of the United States, 
        were added to the world's population.
            ``(3) Birthrates in many developing countries are declining 
        too slowly to prevent a near tripling of the world's population 
        before stabilization can occur, and although birthrates in some 
        countries have declined faster in recent years than 
        anticipated, world progress toward stabilization was noticeably 
        slower in the 1980s than in the 1970s.
            ``(4) After more than a quarter century of experience and 
        research, the actions needed to bring about a rapid decline in 
        birthrates are well documented. First, the ability to exercise 
        reproductive choice must be expanded. Such expansion should 
        occur through broader dissemination of fertility regulation 
        services that involve the community and are competent to meet 
        the needs and values of those who use them.
            ``(5) Although a number of religious and cultural barriers 
        to family planning remain, attitudes toward modern birth 
        control have changed over the last decade, and in many 
        countries a large and growing unmet desire exists for fertility 
        regulation among women and men who are too poor to pay the full 
        cost of services.
            ``(6) Although many social and economic factors affect 
        desired family size, organized family planning programs have 
        the most rapid and strongest effect on birthrate because they 
        enable women and their families to control the timing and 
        number of their children. Widespread voluntary adoption of 
        modern family planning methods and their successful long-term 
        use depend on the quality of reproductive health care services 
        offered and their responsiveness to individual and community 
        needs and values.
            ``(7) Millions of women, most of them mothers, are killed 
        or injured each year as a result of unsafe abortions. The 
        availability of safe and effective fertility regulation methods 
        and services can help prevent many of these tragedies.
            ``(8) The impact of human population growth and widespread 
        poverty is evident in mounting signs of stress on the world's 
        environment, particularly in tropical deforestation, erosion of 
        arable land and watersheds, extinction of plant and animal 
        species, global climate change, waste management, and air and 
        water pollution.
            ``(9) Traditionally, United States population assistance 
        has not focused on achieving specific goals with respect to 
        international population stabilization or the expansion of 
        reproductive choice. The absence of clear goals in those areas 
        has led to a lack of criteria for allocating funds and 
        evaluating program success.
    ``Sec. 499B. Declaration of Policy. (a) In General.--Congress 
declares that to reduce population growth and stabilize world 
population at the lowest level feasible and thereby protect the global 
environment, to provide greater self-determination for women, and to 
improve the health and well-being of the world's families, an important 
objective of the foreign policy of the United States shall be to assist 
the international community to achieve universal availability of 
quality fertility regulation services through a wide choice of safe and 
effective means of family planning, including programs of public 
education and other health and development efforts in support of 
smaller families.
    ``(b) Financial Targets.--The Congress establishes a target for 
global expenditures in developing countries from all domestic and 
international sources by the year 2000 of at least $11,000,000,000 for 
population programs described in section 499C, and establishes a goal 
for United States population assistance by the year 2000 of 
$1,400,000,000 in constant 1990 dollars, not including funds available 
for other reproductive health programs.
    ``Sec. 499C. Authorized Activities.--United States population 
assistance is authorized to provide--
            ``(1) support for the expansion of quality, affordable, 
        voluntary family planning services, which emphasize informed 
        choice among a variety of safe and effective fertility 
        regulation methods and closely related reproductive health care 
        services, including the prevention and control of sexually 
        transmitted diseases and reproductive tract infections;
            ``(2) support for adequate and regular supplies of quality 
        contraceptive and other commodities, comprehensive counseling, 
        appropriate followup, and support for programs that emphasize 
        the use of the mass media to improve public knowledge of 
        fertility regulation and related disease prevention methods and 
        where they may be obtained and to promote the benefits of 
        family planning and reproductive health to individuals, 
        families, and communities;
            ``(3) support to United States and foreign research 
        institutions and other appropriate entities for biomedical 
        research to develop and evaluate improved methods of safe 
        fertility regulation and related disease control, with 
        particular emphasis on methods which--
                    ``(A) are likely to be safer, easier to use, easier 
                to make available in developing country settings, and 
                less expensive than current methods;
                    ``(B) are controlled by women, including barrier 
                methods and vaginal microbicides;
                    ``(C) are likely to prevent the spread of sexually 
                transmitted diseases; and
                    ``(D) encourage and allow men to take greater 
                responsibility for their own fertility;
            ``(4) support for field research on the characteristics of 
        programs most likely to result in sustained use of effective 
        family planning in meeting each individual's lifetime 
        reproductive goals, with particular emphasis on the 
        perspectives of family planning users, including support for 
        relevant social and behavioral research focusing on such 
        factors as the use, non-use, and unsafe or ineffective use of 
        various fertility regulation and related-disease control 
        methods;
            ``(5) support for the development of new evaluation 
        techniques and performance criteria for family planning 
        programs, emphasizing the family planning user's perspective 
        and reproductive goals;
            ``(6) support for research and research dissemination 
        related to population policy development, including demographic 
        and health surveys to assess population trends, measure unmet 
        needs, and evaluate program impact, and support for policy-
        relevant research on the relationships between population 
        trends, poverty, and environmental management, including 
        implications for sustainable agriculture, agroforestry, 
        biodiversity, water resources, energy use, and local and global 
        climate change;
            ``(7) support for research and public information 
        dissemination on the health and welfare consequences of unsafe 
        abortions and for the equipment and training necessary for the 
        medical treatment of the complications of unsafe abortions;
            ``(8) support for special programs to reach adolescents and 
        young adults before they begin childbearing, including health 
        education programs which stress responsible parenthood and the 
        health risks of unprotected sexual intercourse, as well as 
        service programs designed to meet the information and 
        contraception needs of adolescents; and
            ``(9) support for a broad array of governmental and 
        nongovernmental communication strategies designed--
                    ``(A) to create public awareness worldwide;
                    ``(B) to generate a consensus on the need to 
                address reproductive health issues and the problems 
                associated with continued world population growth;
                    ``(C) to emphasize the need to educate men as well 
                as women and mobilize their support for reproductive 
                rights and responsibilities; and
                    ``(D) to make family planning an established 
                community norm.
    ``Sec. 499D. Terms and Conditions.--United States population 
assistance is authorized to be provided subject to the following 
conditions:
            ``(1) Such assistance may only support, directly or through 
        referral, those activities which provide a broad range of 
        fertility regulation methods permitted by individual country 
        policy and a broad choice of public and private family planning 
        services, including networks for community-based and subsidized 
        commercial distribution of contraceptives.
            ``(2) No program supported by United States population 
        assistance may deny an individual family planning services 
        because of such individual's inability to pay all or part of 
        the cost of such services.
            ``(3) Family planning services and related reproductive 
        health care services supported by United States population 
        assistance shall maintain the highest medical standards 
        possible under local conditions and shall ensure regular 
        oversight of the quality of medical care and other services 
        offered.
            ``(4) United States population assistance programs shall 
        furnish only those contraceptive drugs and devices which have 
        received approval for marketing in the United States by the 
        Food and Drug Administration or which have been tested and 
        determined to be safe and effective under research protocols 
        comparable to those required by the Food and Drug 
        Administration or have been determined to be safe by an 
        appropriate international organization or the relevant health 
        authority in the country to which they are provided.
            ``(5) Family planning services supported by United States 
        population assistance shall be designed to take into account 
        the needs of the family planning user, including the 
        constraints on women's time, by involving members of the 
        community, including both men and women, in the design, 
        management, and ongoing evaluation of the services through 
        appropriate training and recruitment efforts. The design of 
        services shall stress easy accessibility, by locating services 
        as close as possible to potential users, by keeping hours of 
        service convenient, and by improving communications between 
        users and providers through community outreach and involvement.
            ``(6) United States population assistance to adolescent 
        fertility programs shall be provided in the context of 
        prevailing norms and customs in the recipient country.
            ``(7) None of the funds made available by the United States 
        Government to foreign governments, international organizations, 
        or nongovernmental organizations may be used to coerce any 
        person to undergo contraceptive sterilization or involuntary 
        abortion or to accept any other method of fertility regulation.
    ``Sec. 499E. Eligibility for Population Assistance. (a) Eligible 
Countries.--Notwithstanding any other provision of law, United States 
population assistance shall be available, directly or through 
intermediary organizations, to any country which the President 
determines has met one or more of the following criteria:
            ``(1) The country accounts for a significant proportion of 
        the world's annual population increment.
            ``(2) The country has significant unmet needs for fertility 
        regulation and requires foreign assistance to implement, 
        expand, or sustain quality family planning services for all its 
        people.
            ``(3) The country demonstrates a strong policy commitment 
        to population stabilization through the expansion of 
        reproductive choice.
    ``(b) Eligibility of Nongovernmental and Multilateral 
Organizations.--In determining eligibility for United States population 
assistance, the President shall not subject nongovernmental and 
multilateral organizations to requirements which are more restrictive 
than requirements applicable to foreign governments for such 
assistance.
    ``Sec. 499F. Participation in Multilateral Organizations. (a) 
Finding.--The Congress recognizes that the recent attention, in 
government policies toward population stabilization owes much to the 
efforts of the United Nations and its specialized agencies and 
organizations, particularly the United Nations Population Fund.
    ``(b) Availability of Funds.--United States population assistance 
shall be available for contributions to the United Nations Population 
Fund in such amounts as the President determines would be commensurate 
with United States contributions to other multilateral organizations 
and with the contributions of other donor countries.
    ``(c) Prohibitions.--(1) The prohibitions contained in section 
104(f) of this Act shall apply to the funds made available for the 
United Nations Population Fund.
    ``(2) No United States population assistance may be available to 
the United Nations Population Fund unless such assistance is held in a 
separate account and not commingled with any other funds.
    ``(3) No funds may be available for the United Nations Population 
Fund unless the Fund agrees to prohibit the use of those funds to carry 
out any program, project, or activity that involves the use of coerced 
abortion or involuntary sterilization.
    ``(d) Allocation of Funds.--Of the funds made available for United 
States population assistance, the President shall make available for 
the Special Programme of Research, Development and Research Training in 
Human Reproduction for each of the fiscal years 1994 and 1995 an amount 
commensurate with the contributions of the other donor countries for 
the purpose of furthering international cooperation in the development 
and evaluation of fertility regulation technology.
    ``Sec. 499G. Support for Nongovernmental Organizations. (a) 
Finding.--Congress finds that in many developing countries, 
nongovernmental entities, including private and voluntary organizations 
and private sector entities, such as the International Planned 
Parenthood Federation and the Planned Parenthood Federation of America, 
are the most appropriate and effective providers of United States 
assistance to population and family planning activities.
    ``(b) Procedures.--The President shall establish simplified 
procedures for the development and approval of programs to be carried 
out by nongovernmental organizations that have demonstrated--
            ``(1) a capacity to undertake effective population and 
        family planning activities which encourage significant 
        involvement by private health practitioners, employer-based 
        health services, unions, and cooperative health organizations; 
        and
            ``(2) a commitment to quality reproductive health care for 
        women.
    ``(c) Priority for Nongovernmental Organizations.--The largest 
share of United States population assistance made available for any 
fiscal year shall be made available through United States and foreign 
nongovernmental organizations.
    ``Sec. 499H. Reports to Congress.--The President shall prepare and 
submit to the Congress, as part of the annual presentation materials on 
foreign assistance, a report on world progress toward population 
stabilization and universal reproductive choice. The report shall 
include--
            ``(1) estimates of expenditures on the population 
        activities described in section 499C by national governments, 
        donor agencies, and private sector entities;
            ``(2) an assessment by country, of the availability and use 
        of all methods of fertility regulation and abortion, whether 
        lawful or unlawful in that country;
            ``(3) an analysis by country and region of the impact of 
        population trends on a set of key social, economic, political, 
        and environment indicators, which shall be identified by the 
        President in the first report submitted pursuant to this 
        section and analyzed in that report and each subsequent report; 
        and
            ``(4) a detailed statement of prior year and proposed 
        direct and indirect allocations of population assistance, by 
        country, which describes how each country allocation meets the 
        criteria set forth in this section.''.

SEC. 3. AUTHORIZATIONS OF APPROPRIATIONS.

    Section 104(g)(1) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 
2151b(g)(1) is amended by amending subparagraph (A) to read as follows:
            ``(A) $725,000,000 for fiscal year 1994 and $800,000,000 
        for fiscal year 1995 to carry out subsection (b) of this 
        section; and''.

SEC. 4. OVERSIGHT OF MULTILATERAL DEVELOPMENT BANKS.

    (a) Finding.--The Congress considers insufficient the role 
currently played in global population efforts by the International Bank 
for Reconstruction and Development, the Asian Development Bank, the 
Inter-American Development Bank and the African Development Bank. 
Although these multilateral development banks are singularly important 
sources of support for development activities, together they provided 
less than $200,000,000 in 1990 in assistance for core population 
programs. Nor have these institutions consistently encouraged 
appropriate population and reproductive health care policies.
    (b) Report Required.--(1) The Congress believes that the 
multilateral development banks should together increase their support 
for the population activities described in section 499C of the Foreign 
Assistance Act of 1961 to no less than $1,000,000,000 by the end of 
1999.
    (2) Not later than July 31 of each year, the United States 
Executive Directors of the International Bank for Reconstruction and 
Development, the Asian Development Bank, the Inter-American Development 
Bank and the African Development Bank shall prepare and transmit to 
Congress a report which sets forth information on allocations by each 
of these institutions to the population activities described in section 
499C of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 and, if such allocations 
total less than $1,000,000,000, set forth any specific actions taken by 
the Executive Directors to encourage increases in such allocations and 
in policy level discussions with donor and developing country 
governments.

SEC. 5. COMMISSION ON WORLD POPULATION STABILIZATION AND REPRODUCTIVE 
              HEALTH.

    (a) Establishment of Commission.--There is established the 
Commission on World Population Stabilization and Reproductive Health 
for the purpose of coordinating United States preparation for, and 
participation in, the 1994 International Conference on Population and 
Development and for other purposes.
    (b) Composition of Commission.--The Commission shall be composed 
of--
            (1) the Under Secretary of State for Global Population, 
        Environment and National Resources;
            (2) the Administrator of the Agency for International 
        Development;
            (3) the Deputy Assistant Secretary for Population Affairs 
        of the Department of Health and Human Services;
            (4) the Director of the Congressional Office of Technology 
        Assessment; and
            (5) three individuals appointed by the President, one of 
        whom the President shall designate as Chairman.
    (c) Period of Appointment; Vacancies.--Members shall be appointed 
for the life of the Commission. Any vacancy in the Commission shall not 
affect its powers, but shall be filled in the same manner as the 
original appointment.
    (d) Quorum.--A majority of the members of the Commission shall 
constitute a quorum, but a lesser number of members may hold hearings.
    (e) Hearings.--The Commission may hold such hearings, sit and act 
at such times and places, take such testimony, and receive such 
evidence as the Commission considers advisable to carry out the 
purposes of this section.
    (f) Information From Federal Agencies.--The Commission may secure 
directly from any Federal department or agency such information as the 
Commission considers necessary to carry out the provisions of this Act. 
Upon request of the Chairman of the Commission, the head of such 
department or agency shall furnish such information to the Commission.
    (g) Postal Services.--The Commission may use the United States 
mails in the same manner and under the same conditions as other 
departments and agencies of the Federal Government.
    (h) Gifts.--The Commission may accept, use, and dispose of gifts or 
donations of services or property.
    (i) Compensation of Members.--Each member of the Commission who is 
not an officer or employee of the Federal Government shall be 
compensated at a rate equal to the daily equivalent of the annual rate 
of basic pay prescribed for level IV of the Executive Schedule under 
section 5315 of title 5, United States Code, for each day (including 
travel time) during which such member is engaged in the performance of 
the duties of the Commission. All members of the Commission who are 
officers or employees of the United States shall serve without 
compensation in addition to that received for their services as 
officers or employees of the United States.
    (j) Travel Expenses.--The members of the Commission shall be 
allowed travel expenses, including per diem in lieu of subsistence, at 
rates authorized for employees of agencies under subchapter I of 
chapter 57 of title 5, United States Code, while away from their homes 
or regular places of business in the performance of services for the 
Commission.
    (k) Staff Compensation.--The Chairman of the Commission may fix the 
compensation of personnel without regard to the provisions of chapter 
51 and subchapter III of chapter 53 of title 5, United States Code, 
relating to classification of positions and General Schedule pay rates, 
except that the rate of pay for the executive director and other 
personnel may not exceed the rate payable for level V of the Executive 
Schedule under section 5316 of such title.
    (l) Detail of Government Employees.--Any Federal Government 
employee may be detailed to the Commission without reimbursement, and 
such detail shall be without interruption or loss of civil service 
status or privilege.
    (m) Procurement of Temporary and Intermittent Services.--The 
Chairman of the Commission may procure temporary and intermittent 
services under section 3109(b) of title 5, United States Code, at rates 
for individuals which do not exceed the daily equivalent of the annual 
rate of basic pay prescribed for level V of the Executive Schedule 
under section 5316 of such title.
    (n) Report.--Not later than June 30, 1994, the Commission shall 
submit to the President a public report on national and international 
population trends and the probable impact of such trends on efforts to 
alleviate poverty and protect the environment. The report, which should 
be made available for consideration at the 1994 International 
Conference on Population and Development, shall specify, among other 
things, modifications in policy and financial commitments required by 
foreign governments to achieve universal reproductive choice and early 
population stabilization.
    (o) Termination of the Commission.--The Commission shall terminate 
90 days after the date on which the Commission submits its report under 
subsection (n).
    (p) Authorization of Appropriations.--To carry out this section, 
there are authorized to be appropriated to the Commission $1,000,000 
for fiscal year 1994.

SEC. 6. ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT INITIATIVES TO STABILIZE WORLD 
              POPULATION.

    (a) Congressional Findings.--The Congress makes the following 
findings:
            (1) Women represent 50 percent of the world's human 
        resource potential. Therefore, improving the health, social, 
        and economic status of women and increasing their productivity 
        are essential for economic progress in all countries.
            (2) Throughout the world, women who participate in the 
        social, economic, and political affairs of their communities 
        are more likely to exercise their choice about childbearing 
        than women who do not participate in such activities.
            (3) Effective economic development strategies address 
        issues such as infant and child survival rates, educational 
        opportunities for girls and women, and gender equality in 
        development.
            (4) Comprehensive population stabilization efforts which 
        include both family planning services and economic development 
        activities achieve lower birth rates and stimulate more 
        development than those which pursue these objectives 
        independently.
            (5) The most powerful, long-term influence on birthrates is 
        education, especially educational attainment among women. The 
        education of women also has a strong influence on other aspects 
        of family welfare, including child survival. World-wide 
        statistics, however, indicate that the number of school-age 
        children, especially girls, not attending school is growing 
        annually.
            (6) Each year, nearly 15 million children under the age of 
        5 die, most from preventable causes. Wider availability of 
        vaccines, simple treatments for diarrheal disease and 
        respiratory infections, and improved nutrition could prevent 
        many of these deaths.
            (7) Each year, 500,000 or more women worldwide die from 
        complications related to pregnancy, childbirth, or illegal 
        abortion. Another 10 million women annually suffer long-term 
        illness or permanent physical impairment from such causes.
            (8) In many countries, high levels of mortality and 
        morbidity among women of childbearing age are directly related 
        to inadequate or inaccessible reproductive health care 
        services.
            (9) Many women are their family's principal caregiver and 
        chief source of economic support. The death of a mother 
        substantially increases the risk of neglect, abandonment, or 
        death for her young children.
            (10) Malnutrition and anemia are widespread among poor 
        women in their childbearing years, yet the worldwide campaign 
        to encourage breastfeeding has devoted little attention to the 
        nutritional needs of nursing mothers.
            (11) During the 1990s, women, especially in Africa, face 
        substantially increased risks of death or disability from 
        sexually transmitted diseases. During the 1990s, more than 3 
        million women in Africa will die of the acquired immune 
        deficiency syndrome (AIDS), leaving more than 5 million 
        orphans.
    (b) Declaration of Policy.--Congress declares that, in order to 
further the United States foreign policy objective of assisting the 
international community in achieving universal availability of quality 
fertility regulation services and stabilizing world population, 
additional objectives of the foreign policy of the United States shall 
be--
            (1) to expand basic education opportunities for girls and 
        women;
            (2) to reduce the gap between male and female levels of 
        literacy and between male and female levels of primary and 
        secondary school enrollment;
            (3) to help ensure that women worldwide have the 
        opportunity to become equal partners with men in the 
        development of their societies;
            (4) to reduce global maternal and infant mortality rates; 
        and
            (5) to improve worldwide maternal and child health status 
        and quality of life.
    (c) Authorized Activities.--United States development assistance 
shall be available, on a priority basis, for--
            (1) countries which either have adopted and implemented, or 
        have agreed to adopt and implement, strategies to help ensure, 
        by the year 2000--
                    (A) the completion of primary school education by 
                no less than 80 percent of the country's primary 
                school-age children;
                    (B) the reduction of adult illiteracy by at least 
                one-half the country's 1990 level; and
                    (C) the elimination of the gap between male and 
                female levels of literacy and between male and female 
                levels of primary and secondary school enrollment;
            (2) governmental and nongovernmental programs which, with 
        respect to a targeted country, are intended--
                    (A) to reduce significantly malnutrition among the 
                country's children under 5 years of age;
                    (B) to maintain immunizations against childhood 
                diseases for significant segments of the country's 
                children; and
                    (C) to reduce the number of childhood deaths in the 
                country which result from diarrheal disease and acute 
                respiratory infections;
            (3) governmental and nongovernmental programs which are 
        intended to increase women's productivity through improved 
        access to appropriate labor-saving technology, vocational 
        training, and extension services and access to credit and child 
        care; and
            (4) governmental and nongovernmental programs which are 
        intended to increase the access of girls and women to 
        comprehensive reproductive health care services pursuant to 
        subsection (d).
    (d) Safe Motherhood Initiative.--(1)(A) The President is authorized 
to establish a grant program, to be known as the Safe Motherhood 
Initiative, to help improve the access of girls and women worldwide to 
comprehensive reproductive health care services.
    (B) Such program shall be carried out in accordance with this 
section and shall be subject to the same terms, conditions, 
prohibitions, and restrictions as are applicable to assistance made 
available under sections 499D, 499E, and 499F of the Foreign Assistance 
Act of 1961.
    (2) Comprehensive reproductive health care programs which are 
eligible for assistance under this section include--
            (A) fertility regulation services;
            (B) prenatal care and screening for high risk pregnancies 
        and improved access to safe delivery services for women with 
        high risk pregnancies;
            (C) supplemental food programs for pregnant and nursing 
        women;
            (D) expanded and coordinated programs to prevent, detect, 
        and treat sexually transmitted diseases, including AIDS, 
        reproductive tract infections, and other chronic reproductive 
        health problems; and
            (E) improvements in the practice of midwifery, including 
        outreach to traditional birth attendants.
    (e) Reports to Congress.--(1) Not later than December 31, 1994, the 
President shall prepare and submit to Congress a report which 
includes--
            (A) estimates of the total financial resources needed to 
        achieve, by the year 2000, the specific objectives set forth in 
        subsection (c) with respect to education, rates of illiteracy, 
        malnutrition, immunization, maternal and child mortality and 
        morbidity, and improvements in the economic productivity of 
        women;
            (B) an analysis of such estimates which separately lists 
        the total financial resources needed from the United States, 
        other donor nations, and non-governmental organizations;
            (C) an analysis, by country, which--
                    (i) identifies the legal, social, economic, and 
                cultural barriers to women's self-determination and to 
                improvements in the economic productivity of women in 
                traditional and modern labor sectors; and
                    (ii) describes initiatives needed to develop 
                appropriate technologies for use by women, credit 
                programs for low-income women, expanded child care, 
                vocational training, and extension services for women; 
                and
            (D) a comprehensive description of--
                    (i) new and expanded initiatives to ensure safe 
                motherhood worldwide;
                    (ii) findings on the major causes of mortality and 
                morbidity among women of childbearing age in various 
                regions of the world;
                    (iii) actions needed to reduce, by the year 2000, 
                world maternal mortality by one-half of the worldwide 
                1990 level; and
                    (iv) the finance resources needed to meet this goal 
                from the United States, other donor nations, and 
                nongovernmental organizations.
    (2) In each annual country human rights report, the Secretary of 
State shall include information on any patterns within the country of 
discrimination against women in inheritance laws, property rights, 
family law, access to credit and technology, hiring practices, formal 
education, and vocational training.
    (f) Authorization of Appropriations.--(1) Of the aggregate amounts 
available for United States development and economic assistance 
programs for education activities, $350,000,000 for fiscal year 1994 
and $350,000,000 for fiscal year 1995 shall be available only for 
programs in support of equalizing male and female levels of primary and 
secondary school enrollment.
    (2) There are authorized to be appropriated $405,000,000 for fiscal 
year 1994 and $490,000,000 for fiscal year 1995 to the Child Survival 
Fund under section 104(c)(2) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, 
which amounts shall be available for child survival activities only, 
including the Children's Vaccine Initiative, the worldwide immunization 
effort, and oral rehydration programs.
    (3) There are authorized to be appropriated $100,000,000 for the 
Safe Motherhood Initiative for each of fiscal years 1994 and 1995.
    (g) Definitions.--For purposes of this section--
            (1) the term ``annual country human rights report'' refers 
        to the report required to be submitted pursuant to section 
        502B(b) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 
        2304(b)); and
            (2) the term ``United States development and economic 
        assistance'' means assistance made available under chapter 1 of 
        part I and chapter 4 of part II of the Foreign Assistance Act 
        of 1961.

SEC. 7. AIDS PREVENTION AND CONTROL FUND.

    (a) In General.--Section 104(c) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 
1961 (22 U.S.C. 2151b(c)) is amended by adding at the end the following 
new paragraph:
    ``(4)(A)(i) The President is authorized to provide assistance, 
under such terms and conditions as he may determine, with respect to 
activities relating to research on, and the treatment and control of, 
acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) in developing countries.
    ``(ii) Assistance provided under clause (i) shall include--
            ``(I) funds made available directly to the World Health 
        Organization for its use in financing the Global Program on 
        AIDS (including activities implemented by the Pan American 
        Health Organization); and
            ``(II) funds made available to the United Nations 
        Children's Fund (UNICEF) for AIDS-related activities.
    ``(B) Appropriations pursuant to subparagraph (A) may be referred 
to as the `AIDS Prevention and Control Fund'.''.
    (b) Authorization of Appropriations.--Section 104(g)(1) of the 
Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2151b(g)) is amended--
            (1) by striking ``and'' at the end of subparagraph (A);
            (2) in subparagraph (B), by striking ``subsection (c) of 
        this section.'' and inserting ``subsection (c) of this section 
        (other than paragraph (4) thereof); and''; and
            (3) by adding at the end thereof the following new 
        subparagraph:
                    ``(C) $100,000,000 for fiscal year 1994 and 
                $165,000,000 for fiscal year 1995 to carry out 
                subsection (c)(4) of this section.''.
    (c) Effective Date.--The amendments made by this section shall take 
effect October 1, 1993.

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