[Congressional Bills 103th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[H.R. 1235 Introduced in House (IH)]

103d CONGRESS
  1st Session
                                H. R. 1235

   To amend the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 to provide for 
    voluntary expenditure limitations, to restrict the practice of 
``bundling'' of contributions, to provide for tax credit and deduction 
     for contributions to candidates for Congress, to require full 
disclosure of independent expenditures, to eliminate PAC contributions 
           to individual candidates, and for other purposes.


_______________________________________________________________________


                    IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

                             March 4, 1993

Mr. Regula introduced the following bill; which was referred jointly to 
the Committees on House Administration, Ways and Means, and Post Office 
                           and Civil Service

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL


 
   To amend the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 to provide for 
    voluntary expenditure limitations, to restrict the practice of 
``bundling'' of contributions, to provide for tax credit and deduction 
     for contributions to candidates for Congress, to require full 
disclosure of independent expenditures, to eliminate PAC contributions 
           to individual candidates, and for other purposes.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Congressional Campaign and 
Administrative Reform Act of 1993''.

SEC. 2. CONTRIBUTIONS BY MULTICANDIDATE POLITICAL PARTIES.

  (a) Section 315(a)(2) of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 (2 
U.S.C. 441a(a)(2)) is amended by--
            (1) striking all following ``Federal office'' in 
        subparagraph (A) and inserting at the end thereof ``;''; and
            (2) striking out ``$15,000'' in subparagraph (B) and 
        inserting in lieu thereof ``$5,000''; and
            (3) striking all following ``political committees'' in 
        subparagraph (C), and inserting at the end thereof ``.''.

SEC. 3. INDEPENDENT EXPENDITURES.

    (a) Section 301(17) of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 (2 
U.S.C. 431(9)) is amended by adding the following: ``An expenditure 
shall constitute an expenditure in coordination, consultation, or 
concert with a candidate and shall not constitute an ``independent 
expenditure'' where--
                    ``(A) there is any arrangement, coordination, or 
                direction with respect to the expenditure between the 
                candidate or the candidate's agent and the person 
                (including any officer, director, employee or agent of 
                such person) making the expenditure;
                    ``(B) in the same election cycle, the person making 
                the expenditure (including any officer, director, 
                employee or agent of such person) is or has been--
                            ``(i) authorized to raise or expend funds 
                        on behalf of the candidate or the candidate's 
                        authorized committees,
                            ``(ii) serving as an officer of the 
                        candidate's authorized committees, or
                            ``(iii) receiving any form of compensation 
                        or reimbursement from the candidate, the 
                        candidate's authorized committees, or the 
                        candidate's agent;
                    ``(C) the person making the expenditure (including 
                any officer, director, employee or agent of such 
                person) has communicated with, advised, or counseled 
                the candidate or the candidate's agents at any time on 
                the candidate's plans, projects, or needs relating to 
                the candidate's pursuit of nomination for election, or 
                election to Federal office, in the same election cycle, 
                including any advice relating to the candidate's 
                decision to seek Federal office;
                    ``(D) the person making the expenditure (including 
                any officer, director, employee or agent of such 
                person) has communicated or consulted at any time 
                during the same election cycle about the candidate's 
                plans, projects, or needs relating to the candidate's 
                pursuit of election to Federal office, with--
                            ``(i) any officer, director, employee or 
                        agent of a party committee that has made or 
                        intends to make expenditures or contributions, 
                        pursuant to subsection (a), (d), or (h) of 
                        section 315 in connection with the candidate's 
                        campaign; or
                            ``(ii) any person whose professional 
                        services have been retained by a political 
                        party committee that has made or intends to 
                        make expenditures or contributions pursuant to 
                        subsection (a), (d), or (h), or section 315 in 
                        connection with the candidate's campaign; and
                    ``(E) the expenditure is based on information 
                provided to the person making the expenditure directly 
                or indirectly by the candidate or the candidate's 
                agents about the candidate's plans, projects, or needs, 
                provided that the candidate or the candidate's agent is 
                aware that the other person has made or is planning to 
                make expenditure expressly advocating the candidate's 
                election.''.

SEC. 4. CONTRIBUTIONS AND INTERMEDIARY

    (a) Section 315(a)(8) of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 
(2 U.S.C. 441a(a)(8)) is amended to read as follows:
            ``(8) For purposes of this subsection--
                    ``(A) contributions made by a person, either 
                directly or indirectly, to or on behalf of a particular 
                candidate, including contributions which are in any way 
                earmarked or otherwise directed through an intermediary 
                to such candidate, shall be treated as contributions 
                from such person to such candidate; and
                    ``(B) contributions made by a person either 
                directly or indirectly, to or on behalf of a particular 
                candidate, through an intermediary, including all 
                contributions delivered or arranged to be delivered by 
                such intermediary, shall also be treated as 
                contributions from the intermediary, if--
                            ``(i) the contributions made through the 
                        intermediary are in the form of a check or 
                        other negotiable instrument made payable to the 
                        intermediary rather than the intended 
                        recipient; or
                            ``(ii) the intermediary is--
                                    ``(I) a political committee, other 
                                than an authorized committee of a 
                                candidate, within the meaning of 
                                section 301(4), or an officer, employee 
                                or other agent of such a political 
                                committee or candidate, or the national 
                                committee of a political party, or
                                    ``(II) an officer, employee or 
                                other agent of a connected 
                                organization, within the meaning of 
                                section 301(7), acting on its 
                                behalf.''.

SEC. 5. CREDIT FOR CONTRIBUTIONS TO CONGRESSIONAL CAMPAIGNS.

    (a) General Rule.--Subpart A of part IV of subchapter A of chapter 
1 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (relating to nonrefundable 
personal credits) is amended by inserting after section 23 the 
following new section:

``SEC. 24. CONTRIBUTIONS TO CONGRESSIONAL CAMPAIGNS.

    ``(a) General Rule.--In the case of an individual, there shall be 
allowed, subject to the limitations of subsection (b), as a credit 
against the tax imposed by this chapter for the taxable year, an amount 
equal to the full amount of all congressional contributions, as defined 
in subsection (c)(1).
    ``(b) Limitations.--
            ``(1) The credit allowed by subsection (a) for a taxable 
        year shall not exceed an aggregate of $100 ($200 in the case of 
        a joint return under section 6013) for all congressional 
        contributions by an individual in said year.
            ``(2) The credit under subsection (a) shall not be allowed, 
        with respect to a congressional contribution, if the 
        contribution is transmitted to the candidate or a campaign 
        committee of the candidate through an intermediary group, 
        organization, or committee.
    ``(c) Definitions.--For purposes of this subsection--
            ``(1) The term `congressional contribution' means a 
        contribution or gift of money, payment of which is made during 
        the taxable year, to an individual who is a candidate for 
        nomination or election to the office of Senator or 
        Representative in, or Delegate or Resident Commissioner to, the 
        Congress of the United States in any primary, general, or 
        special election, and which--
                    ``(A) is from a taxpayer (or either spouse in case 
                of a joint return) who is a resident of the State in 
                which the election is held; and
                    ``(B) is solely for use by the recipient to further 
                his candidacy for nomination or election to such 
                office.
            ``(2) The term `candidate' means an individual who--
                    ``(A) publicly announces before the close of the 
                calendar year following the calendar year in which the 
                contribution or gift is made that he is a candidate for 
                nomination or election to one of the offices specified 
                in paragraph (1); and
                    ``(B) meets the qualifications prescribed by law to 
                hold such office.''.
    (b) Clerical Amendment.--The table of sections for subpart A of 
part IV of subchapter A of chapter 1 of such Code is amended by 
inserting after the item relating to section 23 the following new item:

                              ``Sec. 24. Contributions to Congressional 
                                        Campaigns.''.
    (c) Effective Date.--The amendments made by this section shall 
apply to contributions paid after December 31, 1993, in taxable years 
ending after that date<plus-minus>.

SEC. 6. DEDUCTION FOR CONTRIBUTIONS TO CONGRESSIONAL CAMPAIGNS.

    (a) General Rule.--Part VII of subchapter B of chapter 1 of the 
Internal Revenue Code of 1986 is amended by inserting after section 217 
the following new section:

``SEC. 218. CONTRIBUTIONS TO CONGRESSIONAL CAMPAIGNS.

    ``(a) General Rule.--In the case of an individual, there shall be 
allowed, subject to the limitations of subsection (b), as a deduction 
any congressional contribution of which is made by such individual 
within the taxable year, as defined in subsection (c)(1).
    ``(b) Limitations.--
            ``(1) The deduction allowed by subsection (a) for a taxable 
        year shall not exceed an aggregate of $500 ($1,000 in the case 
        of a joint return under section 6013) for all congressional 
        contributions by an individual in said year.
            ``(2) The deduction under subsection (a) shall not be 
        allowed, with respect to a congressional contribution, if the 
        contribution is transmitted to the candidate or a campaign 
        committee of the candidate through an intermediary group, 
        organization, or committee.
    ``(c) Definitions.--For purposes of this subsection--
            ``(1) The term `congressional contribution' means a 
        contribution or gift of money, payment of which is made during 
        the taxable year, to an individual who is a candidate for 
        nomination or election to the office of Senator or 
        Representative in, or Delegate or Resident Commissioner to, the 
        Congress of the United States in any primary, general, or 
        special election, and which--
                    ``(A) is from a taxpayer (or either spouse in case 
                of a joint return) who is a resident of the State in 
                which the election is held; and
                    ``(B) is solely for use by the recipient to further 
                his candidacy for nomination or election to such 
                office.
            ``(2) The term `candidate' means an individual who--
                    ``(A) publicly announces before the close of the 
                calendar year following the calendar year in which the 
                contribution or gift is made that he is a candidate for 
                nomination or election to one of the offices specified 
                in paragraph (1); and
                    ``(B) meets the qualifications prescribed by law to 
                hold such office.''.
    (b) Clerical Amendment.--The table of sections for part VII of 
subchapter B of chapter 1 of such Code is amended by inserting after 
the item relating to section 217 the following new item:

                              ``Sec. 218. Contributions to 
                                        Congressional Campaigns.''.
    (c) Effective Date.--The amendments made by this section shall 
apply to contributions paid after December 31, 1993, in taxable years 
ending after that date.

SEC. 7. VOLUNTARY EXPENDITURE LIMITATIONS ON CONGRESSIONAL ELECTIONS.

    (a) In General.--The Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 (2 
U.S.C. 431 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the following:

``TITLE V--VOLUNTARY EXPENDITURE LIMITATIONS AND SELECTED FINANCING FOR 
               HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES GENERAL ELECTIONS

    ``Sec. 501. (a) As used in this title, the term--
            ``(1) `eligible candidate' means a candidate who is 
        eligible under section 502 to receive payments under this 
        title;
            ``(2) `general election' means any election which will 
        directly result in the election of a person to the office of 
        Representative in, or Delegate or Resident Commissioner to, the 
        Congress but does not include an open primary election; and
            ``(3) `election cycle' means the term beginning on the day 
        after the date of the last previous general election for 
        Representative in, or Delegate or Resident Commissioner to, the 
        Congress and ending on the date of the next general election.
    ``Sec. 502. (a) To be eligible to receive payments under section 
504, a candidate for the office of Representative in, or Delegate or 
Resident Commissioner to, the Congress who qualifies for the general 
election ballot under State law shall, not later than seven days after 
such qualification, agree in writing that the candidate and the 
candidate's authorized committees--
            ``(1) has not and will not make any expenditure which 
        exceeds the limitation under section 503, subject to the 
        provisions of section 505;
            ``(2) has not and will not accept any contribution which 
        exceeds a limitation under section 315(a);
            ``(3) will deposit all payments received under this section 
        in a separate checking account in a depository institution 
        referred to in section 302(h)(1), which shall contain only 
        amounts so received and from which all expenditures of such 
        amounts shall be made; and
            ``(4) will furnish campaign records, evidence of 
        contributions, and other appropriate information to the 
        Commission.
    ``(b) To be eligible to receive payments under section 506, a 
candidate for the office of Representative in, or Delegate or Resident 
Commissioner to, the Congress who qualifies for the general election 
ballot under State law shall certify to the Commission that--
            ``(1) during the period beginning on January 1 of the 
        calendar year preceding the year of a general election, or in 
        the case of a special election during the period beginning on 
        the day on which the vacancy occurs in the office involved, 
        such candidate and the authorized committees of such candidate 
        have received contributions aggregating 10 percent of the 
        applicable limitation under section 503(b);
            ``(2) 80 percent of such contributions have come from 
        individuals residing in such candidate's State; and
            ``(3) at least one other candidate has qualified for the 
        general election ballot.
    ``(c) For purposes of subsection (b)(1) in determining the amount 
of contributions received by a candidate and the candidate's authorized 
committees--
            ``(1) no contribution other than a contribution of money 
        made by a written instrument which identifies the person making 
        the contribution shall be taken into account;
            ``(2) no contribution that is considered a contribution by 
        an intermediary under section 315(a)(8) shall be taken into 
        account; and
            ``(3) no contribution received from any person other than 
        an individual shall be taken into account, and no contribution 
        received from an individual shall be taken into account to the 
        extent such contribution exceeds $500 when added to the amount 
        of all other contributions made by such individual to or for 
        the benefit of such candidate during the applicable period 
        specified in paragraph (4).
    ``Sec. 503. (a) A candidate who receives payments for a general 
election under this title shall not make expenditures during that 
election cycle from the personal funds of such candidate, which, in the 
aggregate, exceed $40,000.
    ``(b) Except as provided in paragraph (c) and section 504, a 
candidate who receives payments for a general election under this title 
shall not make expenditures during the election cycle that cover such 
general election which, in the aggregate, exceed $500,000.
    ``(c) A candidate who receives payments under this title and who 
participates in a primary runoff election may make additional 
expenditures for such primary runoff election which in the aggregate do 
not exceed $150,000.
    ``(d) An eligible candidate may make expenditures without regard to 
the limitations set forth in this subsection if any candidate in the 
same general election makes aggregate expenditures during the election 
cycle which exceed the amount of the limitation set forth in section 
503(b).
    ``(e) The limitations established by subsections (b) and (c) shall 
be adjusted in the manner provided in section 315(c), except that, for 
the purposes of such adjustment, the base period shall be calendar year 
1990.
    ``Sec. 504. (a) An eligible candidate shall be entitled to--
            ``(1) an allotment of ninety minutes of television time, 
        divided as the candidate chooses;
            ``(2) an allotment of one hundred and thirty-five minutes 
        of radio time, divided as the candidate chooses;
            ``(3) an allotment of one hundred and twenty-six column 
        inches or one page, whichever is greater, of newspaper 
        advertising, divided as the candidate chooses; and
            ``(4) an allotment of any costs incurred in the 
        installation of telephones and other equipment for a question-
        and-answer format if such a format is used during the 
        candidate's allotted time on television or radio.
    ``(b) Payment shall be made for such allotments by the Secretary of 
the Treasury as provided in section 506.
    ``Sec. 505. (a) A schedule of such advertisements and installations 
(as set forth in paragraphs (1) through (4) of section 504(a)) shall be 
submitted, by an eligible candidate, to the Commission not later than 
ten days before the election, including--
            ``(1) a separate listing for the television allotment, the 
        radio allotment, and the newspaper allotment;
            ``(2) the date and time of each advertisement within such 
        allotment;
            ``(3) the state or newspaper providing the time or space 
        for such advertisement;
            ``(4) the amount of time or space that will be used for 
        television, radio, and newspaper advertising;
            ``(5) the total amount of time or space that will be used 
        for television, radio, and newspaper advertising; and
            ``(6) with respect to a television or radio advertisement 
        involving the installation of telephones or other equipment, 
        the name of the company providing such installation, and the 
        cost of such installation.
    ``(b) Such schedule shall be in a form, as further prescribed by 
the Commission, which provides for a ranking within each of the 
television, radio, and newspaper allotments, of each advertisement. 
Each candidate submitting a schedule shall rank such advertisements in 
order of his preference, for purposes of any reduction of the maximum 
allotments that may be required under section 506(a)(2).
    ``(c)(1) Each station, newspaper, or company providing time, space, 
or service with respect to an allotment under paragraphs (1) through 
(4) of section 504(a) shall submit a report of charges to the 
Commission, as provided in paragraph (2). Such a station, newspaper, or 
company shall be guaranteed payment under section 506 only if such 
report is received by the Commission not later than ten days before the 
election.
    ``(2)(A) The report required by paragraph (1) shall include, in the 
case of an advertisement that will be broadcast or published, a listing 
of--
            ``(i) the candidate for whom the time or space is provided;
            ``(ii) the date and time when each advertisement will be 
        broadcast or published;
            ``(iii) the amount of time or space used; and
            ``(iv) the charge made for such advertisement.
    ``(B) The report required by paragraph (1) shall include, in the 
case of installation of telephones or equipment--
            ``(i) the candidate for whom the installation is made;
            ``(ii) the advertisement in connection with which such 
        equipment will be installed, identified by the date and time of 
        such advertisement, and the station or newspaper, providing the 
        time or space for such advertisement; and
            ``(iii) the charge for such installation.
    ``Sec. 506. (a)(1)(A) The Commission shall certify to the Secretary 
of the Treasury a charge for payment as soon as practicable after the 
date on which reports must be submitted under such section--
            ``(i) if such charge is listed in the schedule submitted by 
        the candidate for whom the time, space, or service is to be 
        provided, and there is no discrepancy between the information 
        relating to such charge provided with such report and provided 
        with the schedule under section 505(a);
            ``(ii) if such charge, as represented on such schedule, is 
        not for time or space in excess of the maximum allowed under 
        paragraph (1), (2), or (3) of section 504(a); and
            ``(iii) to the extent that the rate charged is not, in the 
        case of a television or radio station, in excess of the limits 
        imposed by section 315(b) of the Communications Act of 1934 (47 
        U.S.C. 315(b)), in the case of a newspaper, in excess of the 
        limits imposed by section 4318(b), and in the case of a company 
        providing installation service, in excess of the amount charged 
        for comparable service in the district where such installation 
        is provided.
    ``(B) At the time of the certification of a charge under this 
subsection the Commission shall immediately notify the station, 
newspaper, or company that its charge has been certified and that 
payment will be made by the Secretary of the Treasury not later than 
thirty days from date of certification.
    ``(C)(i) In any case in which the commission fails to certify a 
charge because one of the conditions set forth in clause (i) or (ii) of 
subparagraph (B) has not been met, the Commission shall immediately 
notify the candidate and the station, newspaper, or company involved of 
such action, and such parties shall be allowed ten days after such 
notification to submit amended schedules and reports, in a manner 
prescribed by the Commission.
    ``(ii) In any case in which the Commission fails to certify part of 
a charge because it is excessive under clause (iii) of subparagraph 
(A), it shall immediately notify the station or newspaper affected of 
such action, and shall provide such station or newspaper with a 
hearing.
    ``(D) The Commission shall certify any charge submitted later than 
ten days before the election only to the extent that the time, space, 
or service for which such charge is made does not exceed the limits 
imposed by section 504(a).
    ``(2) The Commission shall certify charges to the Secretary of the 
Treasury for payment under this subsection only to the extent provided 
in appropriation Acts. If at the time that reports are required to be 
submitted under section 505(c)(1) the total of all charges submitted 
with respect to the allotments under paragraphs (1) through (4) of 
section 504(a) exceeds the amount appropriated for such purposes, the 
Commission shall certify charges as follows:
            ``(A) The Commission shall determine the percentage by 
        which the total amount of charge submitted must be reduced in 
        order to make such total equal to the amount appropriated.
            ``(B) The Commission shall reduce the amount of time and 
        space requested by each candidate for each allotment under 
        paragraphs (1) through (3) of section 504(a) by the percentage 
        determined under subparagraph (A), according to the ranking 
        made by each such candidate in his schedule.
            ``(C) The Commission shall certify the charges selected 
        under subparagraph (B) to the Secretary of the Treasury for 
        payment, and shall promptly notify each station, newspaper, and 
        company, and each candidate of such selections.
The determination, reduction, and notification shall, when required by 
this section, be made by the commission not later than three days after 
the date on which reports are required to be submitted under section 
505(c)(1).
    ``(3) There are authorized to be appropriated for each fiscal year 
beginning with the fiscal year beginning on October 1, 1993, such funds 
as are necessary to make the payments required by this subsection.
    ``(b)(1) The Commission shall certify to the Secretary of the 
Treasury a charge under section 505(c)(1) for payment, as soon as 
practicable after the candidate's certification is submitted to the 
Commission, to the extent that such charge is not in excess of the 
amount to which the candidate submitting such charge is entitled under 
section 504(a), and only to the extent provided in prior appropriation 
Acts.
    ``(2) In any case in which the Commission fails to certify part of 
a charge under paragraph (1), it shall immediately notify the candidate 
of such action and provide a hearing to such candidate.
    ``(3) There are authorized to be appropriated for each fiscal year 
beginning with the fiscal year beginning on October 1, 1993 such funds 
as are necessary for the purposed of this subsection.''.

SEC. 8. SOFT MONEY

    (a) In General.--Title III of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 
1971 (2 U.S.C. 431 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the 
following new section:

   ``limitations and reporting requirements for the federal election 
             portion of amounts paid for mingled activities

    ``Sec. 324. (a) Any payment by the national committee of a 
political party or a State committee of a political party for the 
Federal election portion of a mingled activity--
            ``(1) shall be subject to limitation and reporting under 
        this Act as if such payment were an expenditure; and
            ``(2) may be paid only from an account that is subject to 
        the requirements of this Act.
Subject to subsection (b), the amount of a payment for the Federal 
election portion of a mingled activity shall be calculated by 
determining the percentage of the mingled activity that is reasonably 
attributable to the purpose of influencing an election for Federal 
office.
    ``(b)(1) In the case of the national committee of a political 
party, the amount of a payment for the Federal election portion of a 
mingled activity--
            ``(A) in a presidential election year, shall be not less 
        than 67 percent of the total payment for the mingled activity; 
        and
            ``(B) in any other even-numbered year, shall be not less 
        than 33 percent of the total payment for the mingled activity.
    ``(2) In the case of a State committee of a political party the 
amount of a payment for the Federal election portion of a mingled 
activity--
            ``(A) in a presidential election year, shall be not less 
        than 33 percent of the total payment for the mingled activity; 
        and
            ``(B) in any other even-numbered year, shall be not less 
        than 20 percent of the total payment for the mingled activity.
    ``(c) As used in this section, the term `mingled activity' means, 
with respect to a payment by the national committee of a political 
party or a State committee of a political party, an activity, such as a 
voter registration program, a get-out-the-vote drive, or general 
political advertising, that is both--
            ``(1) for the purpose of influencing an election for 
        Federal office; and
            ``(2) for any purpose unrelated to influencing an election 
        for influencing an election for Federal office.''.

SEC. 9. LIMITATION ON CONTRIBUTIONS FROM PERSONS OTHER THAN LOCAL 
              INDIVIDUAL RESIDENTS.

    Section 315 of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 (2 U.S.C. 
441a) is amended by adding at the end the following new subsection:
    ``(i)(1) A candidate for the office of Representative in, or 
Delegate or Resident Commissioner to, the Congress may not, with 
respect to a reporting period for an election, accept contributions 
from persons other than local individual residents totaling in excess 
of the total contributions accepted from local individual residents.
    ``(2) As used in this subsection, the term `local individual 
resident' means an individual who resides in a county, or municipality, 
any part of which is in the congressional district involved.
    ``(3) For purposes of this subsection, an individual may not be 
considered a resident of more than one congressional district.''.

SEC. 10. REQUIREMENT OF ACCOUNTABILITY FOR USE OF THE FRANK BY MEMBERS 
              OF THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.

    Section 3210 of title 39, United States Code, is amended by adding 
at the end the following new subsection:
    ``(h) a Member of, or Member-elect to, the House of Representatives 
shall account for all franked mail mailed under this chapter as such a 
Member or Member-elect (as the case may be), exclusive of any mailings 
made under subsection (d). Such account shall be--
            ``(1) made in the form and manner prescribed by the 
        Commission on Congressional Mailing Standards; and
            ``(2) submitted to the Clerk of the House of 
        Representatives for publication in the Congressional Record.''.

SEC. 11. SEVERABILITY.

    If any provision of this Act or any amendment made by this Act, or 
the application of any such provision to any person or circumstance is 
held invalid, the validity of any other such provision, and the 
application of such provision to other persons and circumstances shall 
not be affected thereby.

SEC. 12. EFFECTIVE DATE.

    This Act and the amendments made by this Act, except for such 
sections specifically designated otherwise, shall become effective on 
November 7, 1990 and shall apply to all contributions and expenditures 
made after such date.

                                 <all>

HR 1235 IH----2