Public Law 115–10: To authorize the programs of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, and for other purposes. Public Law10 Public Law 115–10131 Stat. 18 2017-03-21 2017-03-21 United States Government Publishing OfficeNational Archives and Records AdministrationOffice of the Federal Registertext/xmlENPursuant to Title 17 Section 105 of the United States Code, this file is not subject to copyright protection and is in the public domain. GPO Locator to USLM Converter 4.15.31;Stage2.202507022026-01-02 115public ?17PUBLIC LAW 115–10—MAR. 21, 2017 NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION TRANSITION AUTHORIZATION ACT OF 2017 131 STAT. 18 Public Law115–10 115th Congress
An Act To authorize the programs of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, and for other purposes.

Mar. 21, 2017

[S. 442]

   Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa­tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled,

National Aeronautics

and Space Administration Transition Authorization Act of 2017.

51 USC 10101 note.
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS.(a) Short Title.—This Act may be cited as the “National Aeronautics and Space Administration Transition Authorization Act of 2017”. (b) Table of Contents.—The table of contents of this Act is as follows: Sec. 1.  Sec. 2.  TITLE I— Sec. 101.  TITLE II— Sec. 201.  Sec. 202.  TITLE III— Sec. 301.  Sec. 302.  Sec. 303.  Sec. 304.  Sec. 305.  TITLE IV— Subtitle A— Sec. 411.  Sec. 412.  Sec. 413.  Sec. 414.  Sec. 415.  Sec. 416.  Sec. 417.  Subtitle B— Sec. 421.  Subtitle C— Sec. 431.  Sec. 432.  Sec. 433.  Sec. 434.  Sec. 435.  Subtitle D— Sec. 441.  Sec. 442.  Sec. 443.  TITLE V— Sec. 501.  Sec. 502.  Sec. 503.  Sec. 504.  Sec. 505.  Sec. 506.  Sec. 507.  Sec. 508.  Sec. 509.  Sec. 510.  Sec. 511.  Sec. 512.  Sec. 513.  Sec. 514.  Sec. 515.  Sec. 516.  Sec. 517.  TITLE VI— Sec. 601.  Sec. 602.  Sec. 603.  Sec. 604.  Sec. 605.  TITLE VII— Sec. 701.  Sec. 702.  TITLE VIII— Subtitle A— Sec. 811.  Sec. 812.  Sec. 813.  Sec. 814.  Sec. 815.  Subtitle B— Sec. 821.  Sec. 822.  Sec. 823.  Sec. 824.  Sec. 825.  Sec. 826.  Sec. 827.  Sec. 828.  Sec. 829.  Sec. 830.  Sec. 831.  Sec. 832.  Sec. 833.  Sec. 834.  Sec. 835.  Sec. 836.  Sec. 837.  Sec. 838.  Sec. 839.  Sec. 840.  Sec. 841. 
SEC. 2.

51 USC 10101 note.

DEFINITIONS.  In this Act:(1) Administration.—The term “Administration” means the National Aeronautics and Space Administration.131 STAT. 20 (2) Administrator.—The term “Administrator” means the Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. (3) Appropriate committees of congress.—The term “appropriate committees of Congress” means—(A) the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate; and (B) the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the House of Representatives. (4) Cis-lunar space.—The term “cis-lunar space” means the region of space from the Earth out to and including the region around the surface of the Moon. (5) Deep space.—The term “deep space” means the region of space beyond low-Earth orbit, to include cis-lunar space. (6) Government astronaut.—The term “government astronaut” has the meaning given the term in section 50902 of title 51, United States Code. (7) ISS.—The term “ISS” means the International Space Station. (8) ISS management entity.—The term “ISS management entity” means the organization with which the Administrator has a cooperative agreement under section 504(a) of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 18354(a)). (9) NASA.—The term “NASA” means the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. (10) Orion.—The term “Orion” means the multipurpose crew vehicle described under section 303 of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 18323). (11) Space launch system.—The term “Space Launch System” has the meaning given the term in section 3 of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 18302). (12) United states government astronaut.—The term “United States government astronaut” has the meaning given the term “government astronaut” in section 50902 of title 51, United States Code, except it does not include an individual who is an international partner astronaut.
<num value="I">TITLE I—</num><heading>AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS</heading> <section id="d184391e744" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tI/s101" style="-uslm-lc:I658143"><num class="fontsize12" value="101">SEC. 101. </num><heading>FISCAL YEAR 2017.</heading><chapeau class="indentUp0 firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="xff3b118b-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658120">  There are authorized to be appropriated to NASA for fiscal year 2017, $19,508,000,000, as follows:</chapeau><paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff3b118c-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tI/s101/1" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="1">(1) </num><content>For Exploration, $4,330,000,000.</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff3b118d-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tI/s101/2" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="2">(2) </num><content>For Space Operations, $5,023,000,000.</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff3b118e-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tI/s101/3" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="3">(3) </num><content>For Science, $5,500,000,000.</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff3b118f-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tI/s101/4" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="4">(4) </num><content>For Aeronautics, $640,000,000.</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff3b1190-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tI/s101/5" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="5">(5) </num><content>For Space Technology, $686,000,000.</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff3b1191-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tI/s101/6" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="6">(6) </num><content>For Education, $115,000,000.</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff3b1192-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tI/s101/7" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="7">(7) </num><content>For Safety, Security, and Mission Services, $2,788,600,000.</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff3b1193-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tI/s101/8" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="8">(8) </num><content>For Construction and Environmental Compliance and Restoration, $388,000,000.<page identifier="/us/stat/131/21">131 STAT. 21</page></content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff3b1194-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tI/s101/9" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="9">(9) </num><content>For Inspector General, $37,400,000.</content></paragraph> </section> <num value="II">TITLE II—</num><heading>SUSTAINING NATIONAL SPACE COMMITMENTS</heading> <section id="d184391e807" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tII/s201" style="-uslm-lc:I658143"><num class="fontsize12" value="201">SEC. 201. </num><heading>SENSE OF CONGRESS ON SUSTAINING NATIONAL SPACE COMMITMENTS.</heading><chapeau class="indentUp0 firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="xff3b5eb5-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658120">  It is the sense of Congress that—</chapeau><paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff3b5eb6-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tII/s201/1" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="1">(1) </num><content>honoring current national space commitments and building upon investments in space across successive Administrations demonstrates clear continuity of purpose by the United States, in collaboration with its international, academic, and industry partners, to extend humanity’s reach into deep space, including cis-lunar space, the Moon, the surface and moons of Mars, and beyond;</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff3b5eb7-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tII/s201/2" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="2">(2) </num><content>NASA leaders can best leverage investments in the United States space program by continuing to develop a balanced portfolio for space exploration and space science, including continued development of the Space Launch System, Orion, Commercial Crew Program, space and planetary science missions such as the James Webb Space Telescope, Wide-Field Infrared Survey Telescope, and Europa mission, and ongoing operations of the ISS and Commercial Resupply Services Program;</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff3b5eb8-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tII/s201/3" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="3">(3) </num><content>a national, government-led space program that builds on current science and exploration programs, advances human knowledge and capabilities, and opens the frontier beyond Earth for ourselves, commercial enterprise, and science, and with our international partners, is of critical importance to our national destiny and to a future guided by United States values and freedoms;</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff3b5eb9-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tII/s201/4" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="4">(4) </num><content>continuity of purpose and effective execution of core NASA programs are essential for efficient use of resources in pursuit of timely and tangible accomplishments;</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff3b5eba-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tII/s201/5" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="5">(5) </num><content>NASA could improve its efficiency and effectiveness by working with industry to streamline existing programs and requirements, procurement practices, institutional footprint, and bureaucracy while preserving effective program oversight, accountability, and safety;</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff3b5ebb-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tII/s201/6" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="6">(6) </num><content>it is imperative that the United States maintain and enhance its leadership in space exploration and space science, and continue to expand freedom and economic opportunities in space for all Americans that are consistent with the Constitution of the United States; and</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff3b5ebc-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tII/s201/7" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="7">(7) </num><content>NASA should be a multi-mission space agency, and should have a balanced and robust set of core missions in space science, space technology, aeronautics, human space flight and exploration, and education.</content></paragraph> </section> <section id="d184391e850" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tII/s202" style="-uslm-lc:I658143"><num class="fontsize12" value="202">SEC. 202. </num><heading>FINDINGS.</heading><chapeau class="indentUp0 firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="xff3bd3ed-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658120">  Congress makes the following findings:</chapeau><paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff3bfafe-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tII/s202/1" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="1">(1) </num><content>Returns on the Nation’s investments in science, technology, and exploration accrue over decades-long timeframes, and a disruption of such investments could prevent returns from being fully realized.<page identifier="/us/stat/131/22">131 STAT. 22</page></content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff3bfaff-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tII/s202/2" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="2">(2) </num><chapeau>Past challenges to the continuity of such investments, particularly threats regarding the cancellation of authorized programs with bipartisan and bicameral support, have disrupted completion of major space systems thereby—</chapeau><subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff3bfb00-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tII/s202/2/A" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="A">(A) </num><content>impeding planning and pursuit of national objectives in space science and human space exploration;</content></subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff3bfb01-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tII/s202/2/B" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="B">(B) </num><content>placing such investments in space science and space exploration at risk; and</content></subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff3bfb02-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tII/s202/2/C" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="C">(C) </num><content>degrading the aerospace industrial base.</content></subparagraph> </paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff3bfb03-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tII/s202/3" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="3">(3) </num><content>The National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2005 (<ref href="/us/pl/109/155">Public Law 109–155</ref>; <ref href="/us/stat/119/2895">119 Stat. 2895</ref>), National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2008 (<ref href="/us/pl/110/422">Public Law 110–422</ref>; <ref href="/us/stat/122/4779">122 Stat. 4779</ref>), and National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2010 (<ref href="/us/usc/t42/s18301/etseq">42 U.S.C. 18301 et seq.</ref>) reflect a broad, bipartisan agreement on the path forward for NASA’s core missions in science, space technology, aeronautics, human space flight and exploration, and education, that serves as the foundation for the policy updates by this Act.</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff3bfb04-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tII/s202/4" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="4">(4) </num><chapeau>Sufficient investment and maximum utilization of the ISS and ISS National Laboratory with our international and industry partners is—</chapeau><subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff3bfb05-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tII/s202/4/A" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="A">(A) </num><content>consistent with the goals and objectives of the United States space program; and</content></subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff3bfb06-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tII/s202/4/B" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="B">(B) </num><content>imperative to continuing United States global leadership in human space exploration, science, research, technology development, and education opportunities that contribute to development of the next generation of American scientists, engineers, and leaders, and to creating the opportunity for economic development of low-Earth orbit.</content></subparagraph> </paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff3bfb07-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tII/s202/5" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="5">(5) </num><content>NASA has made measurable progress in the development and testing of the Space Launch System and Orion exploration systems with the near-term objectives of the initial integrated test flight and launch in 2018, a human mission in 2021, and continued missions with an annual cadence in cis-lunar space and eventually to the surface of Mars.</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff3bfb08-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tII/s202/6" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="6">(6) </num><content>The Commercial Crew Program has made measurable progress toward reestablishing the capability to launch United States government astronauts from United States soil into low-Earth orbit by the end of 2018.</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff3bfb09-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tII/s202/7" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="7">(7) </num><content>The Aerospace Safety Advisory Panel, in its 2015 Annual Report, urged continuity of purpose noting concerns over the potential for cost overruns and schedule slips that could accompany significant changes to core NASA programs.</content></paragraph> </section> <num value="III">TITLE III—</num><heading>MAXIMIZING UTILIZATION OF THE ISS AND LOW-EARTH ORBIT</heading> <section id="d184391e943" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIII/s301" style="-uslm-lc:I658143"><num class="fontsize12" value="301">SEC. 301. </num><sidenote><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff3bfb0a-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180"><ref href="/us/usc/t51/s50111">51 USC 50111 note</ref>.</p></sidenote><heading>OPERATION OF THE ISS.</heading><subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff3c974b-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIII/s301/a" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="a">(a) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Sense of Congress</inline>.—</heading><chapeau>It is the sense of Congress that—</chapeau><paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff3c974c-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIII/s301/a/1" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="1">(1) </num><content>after 15 years of continuous human presence in low-Earth orbit, the ISS continues to overcome challenges and operate safely;</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff3c974d-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIII/s301/a/2" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="2">(2) </num><content>the ISS is a unique testbed for future space exploration systems development, including long-duration space travel;<page identifier="/us/stat/131/23">131 STAT. 23</page></content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff3c974e-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIII/s301/a/3" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="3">(3) </num><content>the expansion of partnerships, scientific research, and commercial applications of the ISS is essential to ensuring the greatest return on investments made by the United States and its international space partners in the development, assembly, and operations of that unique facility;</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff3c974f-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIII/s301/a/4" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="4">(4) </num><chapeau>utilization of the ISS will sustain United States leadership and progress in human space exploration by—</chapeau><subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff3c9750-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIII/s301/a/4/A" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="A">(A) </num><content>facilitating the commercialization and economic development of low-Earth orbit;</content></subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff3c9751-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIII/s301/a/4/B" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="B">(B) </num><content>serving as a testbed for technologies and a platform for scientific research and development; and</content></subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff3c9752-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIII/s301/a/4/C" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="C">(C) </num><chapeau>serving as an orbital facility enabling research upon—</chapeau><clause class="fontsize10" id="yff3c9753-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIII/s301/a/4/C/i" style="-uslm-lc:I658126"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="i">(i) </num><content>the health, well-being, and performance of humans in space; and</content></clause> <clause class="fontsize10" id="yff3c9754-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIII/s301/a/4/C/ii" style="-uslm-lc:I658126"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="ii">(ii) </num><content>the development of in-space systems enabling human space exploration beyond low-Earth orbit; and</content></clause> </subparagraph> </paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff3c9755-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIII/s301/a/5" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="5">(5) </num><content>the ISS provides a platform for fundamental, microgravity, discovery-based space life and physical sciences research that is critical for enabling space exploration, protecting humans in space, increasing pathways for commercial space development that depend on advances in basic research, and contributes to advancing science, technology, engineering, and mathematics research.</content></paragraph> </subsection> <subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff3c9756-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIII/s301/b" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="b">(b) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Objectives</inline>.—</heading><chapeau>The primary objectives of the ISS program shall be—</chapeau><paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff3c9757-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIII/s301/b/1" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="1">(1) </num><content>to achieve the long term goal and objectives under section 202 of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2010 (<ref href="/us/usc/t42/s18312">42 U.S.C. 18312</ref>); and</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff3c9758-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIII/s301/b/2" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="2">(2) </num><content>to pursue a research program that advances knowledge and provides other benefits to the Nation.</content></paragraph> </subsection> <subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff3c9759-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIII/s301/c" role="instruction" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="c">(c) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Continuation of the ISS</inline>.—</heading><content>Section 501 of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2010 (<ref href="/us/usc/t42/s18351">42 U.S.C. 18351</ref>) <amendingAction type="amend">is amended</amendingAction> to read as follows:<quotedContent><section class="centered fontsize12" id="yff3cbe6a-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658143"><num class="fontsize12" value="501">“SEC. 501. </num><heading class="fontsize12">CONTINUATION OF THE INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION.</heading><subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff3cbe6b-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="a">“(a) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Policy of the United States</inline>.—</heading><content>It shall be the policy of the United States, in consultation with its international partners in the ISS program, to support full and complete utilization of the ISS through at least 2024.</content></subsection> <subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff3cbe6c-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="b">“(b) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">NASA Action</inline>.—</heading><chapeau>In furtherance of the policy set forth in subsection (a), NASA shall—</chapeau><paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff3cbe6d-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="1">“(1) </num><content>pursue international, commercial, and intragovernmental means to maximize ISS logistics supply, maintenance, and operational capabilities, reduce risks to ISS systems sustainability, and offset and minimize United States operations costs relating to the ISS;</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff3cbe6e-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="2">“(2) </num><content>utilize, to the extent practicable, the ISS for the development of capabilities and technologies needed for the future of human space exploration beyond low-Earth orbit; and</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff3cbe6f-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="3">“(3) </num><content>utilize, if practical and cost effective, the ISS for Science Mission Directorate missions in low-Earth orbit.”</content></paragraph> </subsection> </section> </quotedContent>.</content></subsection> </section> <section id="d184391e1096" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIII/s302" style="-uslm-lc:I658143"><num class="fontsize12" value="302">SEC. 302. </num><sidenote><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff3cbe70-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180"><ref href="/us/usc/t51/s50111">51 USC 50111 note</ref>.</p></sidenote><heading>TRANSPORTATION TO ISS.</heading><subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff3e1e01-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIII/s302/a" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="a">(a) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Findings</inline>.—</heading><content>Congress finds that reliance on foreign carriers for United States crew transfer is unacceptable, and the Nation’s human space flight program must acquire the capability to launch <page identifier="/us/stat/131/24">131 STAT. 24</page> United States government astronauts on vehicles using United States rockets from United States soil as soon as is safe, reliable, and affordable to do so.</content></subsection> <subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff3e1e02-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIII/s302/b" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="b">(b) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Sense of Congress on Commercial Crew Program and Commercial Resupply Services Program</inline>.—</heading><chapeau>It is the sense of Congress that—</chapeau><paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff3e1e03-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIII/s302/b/1" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="1">(1) </num><content>once developed and certified to meet the Administration’s safety and reliability requirements, United States commercially provided crew transportation systems can serve as the primary means of transporting United States government astronauts and international partner astronauts to and from the ISS and serving as ISS crew rescue vehicles;</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff3e1e04-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIII/s302/b/2" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="2">(2) </num><content>previous budgetary assumptions used by the Administration in its planning for the Commercial Crew Program assumed significantly higher funding levels than were authorized and appropriated by Congress;</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff3e1e05-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIII/s302/b/3" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="3">(3) </num><content>credibility in the Administration’s budgetary estimates for the Commercial Crew Program can be enhanced by an independently developed cost estimate;</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff3e1e06-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIII/s302/b/4" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="4">(4) </num><content>such credibility in budgetary estimates is an important factor in understanding program risk;</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff3e1e07-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIII/s302/b/5" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="5">(5) </num><content>United States access to low-Earth orbit is paramount to the continued success of the ISS and ISS National Laboratory;</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff3e1e08-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIII/s302/b/6" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="6">(6) </num><content>a stable and successful Commercial Resupply Services Program and Commercial Crew Program are critical to ensuring timely provisioning of the ISS and to reestablishing the capability to launch United States government astronauts from United States soil into orbit, ending reliance upon Russian transport of United States government astronauts to the ISS which has not been possible since the retirement of the Space Shuttle program in 2011;</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff3e1e09-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIII/s302/b/7" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="7">(7) </num><content>NASA should build upon the success of the Commercial Orbital Transportation Services Program and Commercial Resupply Services Program that have allowed private sector companies to partner with NASA to deliver cargo and scientific experiments to the ISS since 2012;</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff3e1e0a-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIII/s302/b/8" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="8">(8) </num><content>the 21st Century Launch Complex Program has enabled significant modernization and infrastructure improvements at launch sites across the United States to support NASA’s Commercial Resupply Services Program and other civil and commercial space flight missions; and</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff3e1e0b-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIII/s302/b/9" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="9">(9) </num><content>the 21st Century Launch Complex Program should be continued in a manner that leverages State and private investments to achieve the goals of that program.</content></paragraph> </subsection> <subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff3e1e0c-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIII/s302/c" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="c">(c) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Reaffirmation</inline>.—</heading><chapeau>Congress reaffirms—</chapeau><paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff3e1e0d-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIII/s302/c/1" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="1">(1) </num><content>its commitment to the use of a commercially developed, private sector launch and delivery system to the ISS for crew missions as expressed in the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2005 (<ref href="/us/pl/109/155">Public Law 109–155</ref>; <ref href="/us/stat/119/2895">119 Stat. 2895</ref>), the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2008 (<ref href="/us/pl/110/422">Public Law 110–422</ref>; <ref href="/us/stat/122/4779">122 Stat. 4779</ref>), and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2010 (<ref href="/us/usc/t42/s18301/etseq">42 U.S.C. 18301 et seq.</ref>); and</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff3e1e0e-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIII/s302/c/2" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="2">(2) </num><content>the requirement under <ref href="/us/usc/t51/s50111/b/1/A">section 50111(b)(1)(A) of title 51, United States Code</ref>, that the Administration shall make <page identifier="/us/stat/131/25">131 STAT. 25</page> use of United States commercially provided ISS crew transfer and crew rescue services to the maximum extent practicable.</content></paragraph> </subsection> <subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff3e1e0f-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIII/s302/d" role="instruction" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="d">(d) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Use of Non-United States Human Space Flight Transportation Capabilities</inline>.—</heading><content>Section 201(a) of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2010 (<ref href="/us/usc/t42/s18311/a">42 U.S.C. 18311(a)</ref>) <amendingAction type="amend">is amended</amendingAction> to read as follows:<quotedContent><subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff3e4520-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="a">“(a) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Use of Non-United States Human Space Flight Transportation Services</inline>.—</heading><paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff3e4521-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="1">“(1) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">In general</inline>.—</heading><chapeau>The Federal Government may not acquire human space flight transportation services from a foreign entity unless—</chapeau><subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff3e4522-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="A">“(A) </num><content>no United States Government-operated human space flight capability is available;</content></subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff3e4523-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="B">“(B) </num><content>no United States commercial provider is available; and</content></subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff3e4524-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="C">“(C) </num><content>it is a qualified foreign entity.</content></subparagraph> </paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff3e4525-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="2">“(2) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Definitions</inline>.—</heading><chapeau>In this subsection:</chapeau><subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff3e4526-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" role="definitions" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="A">“(A) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Commercial provider</inline>.—</heading><content>The term ‘<term>commercial provider</term>’ means any person providing human space flight transportation services, primary control of which is held by persons other than the Federal Government, a State or local government, or a foreign government.</content></subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff3e4527-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" role="definitions" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="B">“(B) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Qualified foreign entity</inline>.—</heading><content>The term ‘<term>qualified foreign entity</term>’ means a foreign entity that is in compliance with all applicable safety standards and is not prohibited from providing space transportation services under other law.</content></subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff3e4528-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" role="definitions" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="C">“(C) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">United states commercial provider</inline>.—</heading><content>The term ‘<term>United States commercial provider</term>’ means a commercial provider, organized under the laws of the United States or of a State, that is more than 50 percent owned by United States nationals.</content></subparagraph> </paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff3e4529-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="3">“(3) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Arrangements with foreign entities</inline>.—</heading><content>Nothing in this subsection shall prevent the Administrator from negotiating or entering into human space flight transportation arrangements with foreign entities to ensure safety of flight and continued ISS operations.”</content></paragraph> </subsection> </quotedContent>.</content></subsection> <subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff3e452a-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIII/s302/e" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="e">(e) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Commercial Crew Program</inline>.—</heading><paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff3e6c3b-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIII/s302/e/1" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="1">(1) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Objective</inline>.—</heading><chapeau>The objective of the Commercial Crew Program shall be to assist in the development and certification of commercially provided transportation that—</chapeau><subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff3e6c3c-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIII/s302/e/1/A" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="A">(A) </num><content>can carry United States government astronauts safely, reliably, and affordably to and from the ISS;</content></subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff3e6c3d-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIII/s302/e/1/B" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="B">(B) </num><content>can serve as a crew rescue vehicle; and</content></subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff3e6c3e-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIII/s302/e/1/C" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="C">(C) </num><content>can accomplish subparagraphs (A) and (B) as soon as practicable.</content></subparagraph> </paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff3e6c3f-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIII/s302/e/2" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="2">(2) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Primary consideration</inline>.—</heading><content>The objective described in paragraph (1) shall be the primary consideration in the acquisition strategy for the Commercial Crew Program.</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff3e6c40-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIII/s302/e/3" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="3">(3) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Safety</inline>.—</heading><subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff3e6c41-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIII/s302/e/3/A" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="A">(A) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">In general</inline>.—</heading><content>The Administrator shall protect the safety of government astronauts by ensuring that each commercially provided transportation system under this subsection meets all applicable human rating requirements in accordance with section 403(b)(1) of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2010 (<ref href="/us/usc/t42/s18342/b/1">42 U.S.C. 18342(b)(1)</ref>).<page identifier="/us/stat/131/26">131 STAT. 26</page></content></subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff3e6c42-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIII/s302/e/3/B" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="B">(B) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Lessons learned</inline>.—</heading><content>Consistent with the findings and recommendations of the Columbia Accident Investigation Board, the Administration shall ensure that safety and the minimization of the probability of loss of crew are the critical priorities of the Commercial Crew Program.</content></subparagraph> </paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff3e6c43-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIII/s302/e/4" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="4">(4) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Cost minimization</inline>.—</heading><content>The Administrator shall strive through the competitive selection process to minimize the life cycle cost to the Administration through the planned period of commercially provided crew transportation services.</content></paragraph> </subsection> <subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff3e6c44-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIII/s302/f" role="instruction" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="f">(f) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Commercial Cargo Program</inline>.—</heading><content>Section 401 of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2010 (<ref href="/us/usc/t42/s18341">42 U.S.C. 18341</ref>) <amendingAction type="amend">is amended</amendingAction> by <amendingAction type="delete">striking</amendingAction> “<quotedText>Commercial Orbital Transportation Services</quotedText>” and <amendingAction type="insert">inserting</amendingAction> “<quotedText>Commercial Resupply Services</quotedText>”.</content></subsection> <subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff3e6c45-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIII/s302/g" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="g">(g) </num><sidenote><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff3e6c46-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">Contracts.</p></sidenote><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Competition</inline>.—</heading><content>It is the policy of the United States that, to foster the competitive development, operation, improvement, and commercial availability of space transportation services, and to minimize the life cycle cost to the Administration, the Administrator shall procure services for Federal Government access to and return from the ISS, whenever practicable, via fair and open competition for well-defined, milestone-based, Federal Acquisition Regulation-based contracts under section 201(a) of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2010 (<ref href="/us/usc/t42/s18311/a">42 U.S.C. 18311(a)</ref>).</content></subsection> <subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff3e6c47-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIII/s302/h" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="h">(h) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Transparency</inline>.—</heading><paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff3e6c48-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIII/s302/h/1" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="1">(1) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Sense of congress</inline>.—</heading><content>It is the sense of Congress that cost transparency and schedule transparency aid in effective program management and risk assessment.</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff3e6c49-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIII/s302/h/2" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="2">(2) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">In general</inline>.—</heading><content>The Administrator shall, to the greatest extent practicable and in a manner that does not add costs or schedule delays to the program, ensure all Commercial Crew Program and Commercial Resupply Services Program providers provide evidence-based support for their costs and schedules.</content></paragraph> </subsection> <subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff3e6c4a-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIII/s302/i" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="i">(i) </num><sidenote><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff3e6c4b-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">Deadline.</p><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff3e6c4c-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">Reports.</p><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff3e6c4d-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">Contracts.</p></sidenote><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">ISS Cargo Resupply Services Lessons Learned</inline>.—</heading><chapeau>Not later than 120 days after the date of enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall submit to the appropriate committees of Congress a report that—</chapeau><paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff3e6c4e-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIII/s302/i/1" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="1">(1) </num><content>identifies the lessons learned to date from previous and existing Commercial Resupply Services contracts;</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff3e6c4f-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIII/s302/i/2" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="2">(2) </num><content>indicates whether changes are needed to the manner in which the Administration procures and manages similar services prior to the issuance of future Commercial Resupply Services procurement opportunities; and</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff3e6c50-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIII/s302/i/3" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="3">(3) </num><content>identifies any lessons learned from the Commercial Resupply Services contracts that should be applied to the procurement and management of commercially provided crew transfer services to and from the ISS or to other future procurements.</content></paragraph> </subsection> </section> <section id="d184391e1489" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIII/s303" style="-uslm-lc:I658143"><num class="fontsize12" value="303">SEC. 303. </num><sidenote><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff3e6c51-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180"><ref href="/us/usc/t51/s50111">51 USC 50111 note</ref>.</p></sidenote><heading>ISS TRANSITION PLAN.</heading><subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff3f0892-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIII/s303/a" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="a">(a) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Findings</inline>.—</heading><chapeau>Congress finds that—</chapeau><paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff3f0893-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIII/s303/a/1" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="1">(1) </num><content>NASA has been both the primary supplier and consumer of human space flight capabilities and services of the ISS and in low-Earth orbit; and</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff3f0894-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIII/s303/a/2" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="2">(2) </num><content>according to the National Research Council report “Pathways to Exploration: Rationales and Approaches for a U.S. Program of Human Space Exploration” extending ISS <page identifier="/us/stat/131/27">131 STAT. 27</page> beyond 2020 to 2024 or 2028 will have significant negative impacts on the schedule of crewed missions to Mars, without significant increases in funding.</content></paragraph> </subsection> <subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff3f0895-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIII/s303/b" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="b">(b) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Sense of Congress</inline>.—</heading><chapeau>It is the sense of Congress that—</chapeau><paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff3f0896-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIII/s303/b/1" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="1">(1) </num><content>an orderly transition for United States human space flight activities in low-Earth orbit from the current regime, that relies heavily on NASA sponsorship, to a regime where NASA is one of many customers of a low-Earth orbit commercial human space flight enterprise may be necessary; and</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff3f0897-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIII/s303/b/2" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="2">(2) </num><content>decisions about the long-term future of the ISS impact the ability to conduct future deep space exploration activities, and that such decisions regarding the ISS should be considered in the context of the human exploration roadmap under section 432 of this Act.</content></paragraph> </subsection> <subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff3f0898-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIII/s303/c" role="instruction" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="c">(c) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Reports</inline>.—</heading><content><ref href="/us/usc/t51/s50111">Section 50111 of title 51, United States Code</ref>, <amendingAction type="amend">is amended</amendingAction> by <amendingAction type="add">adding</amendingAction> at the end the following:<quotedContent><subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff3fa4d9-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="c">“(c) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">ISS Transition Plan</inline>.—</heading><paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff3fa4da-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="1">“(1) </num><sidenote><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff3fa4db-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">Coordination.</p></sidenote><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">In general</inline>.—</heading><content>The Administrator, in coordination with the ISS management entity (as defined in section 2 of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Transition Authorization Act of 2017), ISS partners, the scientific user community, and the commercial space sector, shall develop a plan to transition in a step-wise approach from the current regime that relies heavily on NASA sponsorship to a regime where NASA could be one of many customers of a low-Earth orbit non-governmental human space flight enterprise.</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff3fa4dc-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="2">“(2) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Reports</inline>.—</heading><chapeau>Not later than December 1, 2017, and biennially thereafter until 2023, the Administrator shall submit to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate and the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the House of Representatives a report that includes—</chapeau><subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff3fa4dd-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="A">“(A) </num><content>a description of the progress in achieving the Administration’s deep space human exploration objectives on ISS and prospects for accomplishing future mission requirements, space exploration objectives, and other research objectives on future commercially supplied low-Earth orbit platforms or migration of those objectives to cis-lunar space;</content></subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff3fa4de-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="B">“(B) </num><content>the steps NASA is taking and will take, including demonstrations that could be conducted on the ISS, to stimulate and facilitate commercial demand and supply of products and services in low-Earth orbit;</content></subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff3fa4df-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="C">“(C) </num><content>an identification of barriers preventing the commercialization of low-Earth orbit, including issues relating to policy, regulations, commercial intellectual property, data, and confidentiality, that could inhibit the use of the ISS as a commercial incubator;</content></subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff3fa4e0-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="D">“(D) </num><sidenote><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff3fa4e1-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">Criteria.</p></sidenote><content>the criteria for defining the ISS as a research success;</content></subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff3fa4e2-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="E">“(E) </num><sidenote><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff3fa4e3-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">Criteria.</p></sidenote><content>the criteria used to determine whether the ISS is meeting the objective under section 301(b)(2) of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Transition Authorization Act of 2017;</content></subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff3fa4e4-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="F">“(F) </num><sidenote><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff3fa4e5-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">Assessment.</p></sidenote><content>an assessment of whether the criteria under subparagraphs (D) and (E) are consistent with the research areas defined in, and recommendations and schedules under, the current National Academies of Sciences, <page identifier="/us/stat/131/28">131 STAT. 28</page> Engineering, and Medicine Decadal Survey on Biological and Physical Sciences in Space;</content></subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff3fa4e6-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="G">“(G) </num><content>any necessary contributions that ISS extension would make to enabling execution of the human exploration roadmap under section 432 of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Transition Authorization Act of 2017;</content></subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff3fa4e7-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="H">“(H) </num><sidenote><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff3fa4e8-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">Cost estimate.</p></sidenote><content>the cost estimates for operating the ISS to achieve the criteria required under subparagraphs (D) and (E) and the contributions identified under subparagraph (G);</content></subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff3fa4e9-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="I">“(I) </num><sidenote><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff3fa4ea-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">Cost estimate.</p></sidenote><content>the cost estimates for extending operations of the ISS to 2024, 2028, and 2030;</content></subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff3fa4eb-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="J">“(J) </num><sidenote><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff3fa4ec-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">Evaluation.</p></sidenote><chapeau>an evaluation of the feasible and preferred service life of the ISS beyond the period described in section 503 of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2010 (<ref href="/us/usc/t42/s18353">42 U.S.C. 18353</ref>), through at least 2028, as a unique scientific, commercial, and space exploration-related facility, including—</chapeau><clause class="fontsize10" id="yff3fa4ed-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658126"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="i">“(i) </num><content>a general discussion of international partner capabilities and prospects for extending the partnership;</content></clause> <clause class="fontsize10" id="yff3fa4ee-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658126"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="ii">“(ii) </num><content>the cost associated with extending the service life;</content></clause> <clause class="fontsize10" id="yff3fa4ef-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658126"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="iii">“(iii) </num><sidenote><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff3fa4f0-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">Assessment.</p></sidenote><content>an assessment on the technical limiting factors of the service life of the ISS, including a list of critical components and their expected service life and availability; and</content></clause> <clause class="fontsize10" id="yff3fa4f1-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658126"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="iv">“(iv) </num><content>such other information as may be necessary to fully describe the justification for and feasibility of extending the service life of the ISS, including the potential scientific or technological benefits to the Federal Government, public, or to academic or commercial entities;</content></clause> </subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff3fa4f2-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="K">“(K) </num><sidenote><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff3fa4f3-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">Cost estimate.</p></sidenote><content>an identification of the necessary actions and an estimate of the costs to deorbit the ISS once it has reached the end of its service life;</content></subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff3fa4f4-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="L">“(L) </num><content>the impact on deep space exploration capabilities, including a crewed mission to Mars in the 2030s, if the preferred service life of the ISS is extended beyond 2024 and NASA maintains a flat budget profile; and</content></subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff3fa4f5-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="M">“(M) </num><sidenote><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff3fa4f6-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">Evaluation.</p><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff3fa4f7-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">Determination.</p></sidenote><chapeau>an evaluation of the functions, roles, and responsibilities for management and operation of the ISS and a determination of—</chapeau><clause class="fontsize10" id="yff3fcc08-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658126"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="i">“(i) </num><content>those functions, roles, and responsibilities the Federal Government should retain during the lifecycle of the ISS;</content></clause> <clause class="fontsize10" id="yff3fcc09-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658126"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="ii">“(ii) </num><content>those functions, roles, and responsibilities that could be transferred to the commercial space sector;</content></clause> <clause class="fontsize10" id="yff3fcc0a-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658126"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="iii">“(iii) </num><content>the metrics that would indicate the commercial space sector’s readiness and ability to assume the functions, roles, and responsibilities described in clause (ii); and</content></clause> <clause class="fontsize10" id="yff3fcc0b-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658126"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="iv">“(iv) </num><content>any necessary changes to any agreements or other documents and the law to enable the activities described in subparagraphs (A) and (B).</content></clause> </subparagraph> </paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff3fcc0c-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="3">“(3) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Demonstrations</inline>.—</heading><chapeau>If additional Government crew, power, and transportation resources are available after meeting <page identifier="/us/stat/131/29">131 STAT. 29</page> the Administration’s requirements for ISS activities defined in the human exploration roadmap and related research, demonstrations identified under paragraph (2) may—</chapeau><subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff3fcc0d-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="A">“(A) </num><content>test the capabilities needed to meet future mission requirements, space exploration objectives, and other research objectives described in paragraph (2)(A); and</content></subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff3fcc0e-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="B">“(B) </num><content>demonstrate or test capabilities, including commercial modules or deep space habitats, Environmental Control and Life Support Systems, orbital satellite assembly, exploration space suits, a node that enables a wide variety of activity, including multiple commercial modules and airlocks, additional docking or berthing ports for commercial crew and cargo, opportunities for the commercial space sector to cost share for transportation and other services on the ISS, other commercial activities, or services obtained through alternate acquisition approaches.”</content></subparagraph> </paragraph> </subsection> </quotedContent>.</content></subsection> </section> <section id="d184391e1757" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIII/s304" style="-uslm-lc:I658143"><num class="fontsize12" value="304">SEC. 304. </num><heading>SPACE COMMUNICATIONS.</heading><subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff40413f-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIII/s304/a" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="a">(a) </num><sidenote><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff404140-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">Consultation.</p><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff404141-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">Time period.</p></sidenote><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Plan</inline>.—</heading><content>The Administrator shall develop a plan, in consultation with relevant Federal agencies, to meet the Administration’s projected space communication and navigation needs for low-Earth orbit and deep space operations in the 20-year period following the date of enactment of this Act.</content></subsection> <subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff406852-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIII/s304/b" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="b">(b) </num><sidenote><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff406853-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">Cost estimates.</p></sidenote><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Contents</inline>.—</heading><chapeau>The plan shall include—</chapeau><paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff406854-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIII/s304/b/1" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="1">(1) </num><content>the lifecycle cost estimates and a 5-year funding profile;</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff406855-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIII/s304/b/2" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="2">(2) </num><content>the performance capabilities required to meet the Administration’s projected space communication and navigation needs;</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff406856-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIII/s304/b/3" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="3">(3) </num><content>the measures the Administration will take to sustain the existing space communications and navigation architecture;</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff406857-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIII/s304/b/4" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="4">(4) </num><content>an identification of the projected space communications and navigation network and infrastructure needs;</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff406858-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIII/s304/b/5" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="5">(5) </num><chapeau>a description of the necessary upgrades to meet the needs identified in paragraph (4), including—</chapeau><subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff406859-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIII/s304/b/5/A" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="A">(A) </num><content>an estimate of the cost of the upgrades;</content></subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff40685a-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIII/s304/b/5/B" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="B">(B) </num><content>a schedule for implementing the upgrades; and</content></subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff40685b-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIII/s304/b/5/C" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="C">(C) </num><sidenote><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff40685c-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">Assessment.</p></sidenote><content>an assessment of whether and how any related missions will be impacted if resources are not secured at the level needed;</content></subparagraph> </paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff40685d-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIII/s304/b/6" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="6">(6) </num><content>the cost estimates for the maintenance of existing space communications network capabilities necessary to meet the needs identified in paragraph (4);</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff40685e-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIII/s304/b/7" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="7">(7) </num><sidenote><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff40685f-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">Criteria.</p></sidenote><content>the criteria for prioritizing resources for the upgrades described in paragraph (5) and the maintenance described in paragraph (6);</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff406860-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIII/s304/b/8" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="8">(8) </num><content>an estimate of any reimbursement amounts the Administration may receive from other Federal agencies;</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff406861-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIII/s304/b/9" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="9">(9) </num><sidenote><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff406862-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">Time period.</p></sidenote><content>an identification of the projected Tracking and Data Relay Satellite System needs in the 20-year period following the date of enactment of this Act, including in support of relevant Federal agencies, and cost and schedule estimates to maintain and upgrade the Tracking and Data Relay Satellite System to meet the projected needs;</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff406863-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIII/s304/b/10" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="10">(10) </num><content>the measures the Administration is taking to meet space communications needs after all Tracking and Data Relay Satellite System third-generation communications satellites are operational; and<page identifier="/us/stat/131/30">131 STAT. 30</page></content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff406864-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIII/s304/b/11" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="11">(11) </num><content>the measures the Administration is taking to mitigate threats to electromagnetic spectrum use.</content></paragraph> </subsection> <subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff406865-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIII/s304/c" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="c">(c) </num><sidenote><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff406866-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">Deadline.</p></sidenote><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Schedule</inline>.—</heading><content>Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall submit the plan to the appropriate committees of Congress.</content></subsection> </section> <section id="d184391e1885" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIII/s305" style="-uslm-lc:I658143"><num class="fontsize12" value="305">SEC. 305. </num><heading>INDEMNIFICATION; NASA LAUNCH SERVICES AND REENTRY SERVICES.</heading><subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff40dd97-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIII/s305/a" role="instruction" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="a">(a) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">In General</inline>.—</heading><content><ref href="/us/usc/t51/ch201/schIII">Subchapter III of chapter 201 of title 51, United States Code</ref>, <amendingAction type="amend">is amended</amendingAction> by <amendingAction type="add">adding</amendingAction> at the end the following:<quotedContent><section class="centered fontsize12" id="yff421618-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658165"><num class="fontsize12" value="20148">“§ 20148.</num><heading class="fontsize12"><sidenote><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff421619-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180"><ref href="/us/usc/t51/s20148">51 USC 20148</ref>.</p></sidenote> Indemnification; NASA launch services and reentry services</heading><subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff42161a-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="a">“(a) </num><sidenote><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff42161b-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">Regulations.</p><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff42161c-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">Contracts.</p></sidenote><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">In General</inline>.—</heading><chapeau>Under such regulations in conformity with this section as the Administrator shall prescribe taking into account the availability, cost, and terms of liability insurance, any contract between the Administration and a provider may provide that the United States will indemnify the provider against successful claims (including reasonable expenses of litigation or settlement) by third parties for death, bodily injury, or loss of or damage to property resulting from launch services and reentry services carried out under the contract that the contract defines as unusually hazardous or nuclear in nature, but only to the extent the total amount of successful claims related to the activities under the contract—</chapeau><paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff42161d-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="1">“(1) </num><content>is more than the amount of insurance or demonstration of financial responsibility described in subsection (c)(3); and</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff42161e-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="2">“(2) </num><content>is not more than the amount specified in section 50915(a)(1)(B).</content></paragraph> </subsection> <subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff42161f-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="b">“(b) </num><sidenote><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff421620-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">Contracts.</p></sidenote><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Terms of Indemnification</inline>.—</heading><chapeau>A contract made under subsection (a) that provides indemnification shall provide for—</chapeau><paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff421621-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="1">“(1) </num><sidenote><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff421622-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">Notice.</p></sidenote><content>notice to the United States of any claim or suit against the provider for death, bodily injury, or loss of or damage to property; and</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff421623-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="2">“(2) </num><content>control of or assistance in the defense by the United States, at its election, of that claim or suit and approval of any settlement.</content></paragraph> </subsection> <subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff421624-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="c">“(c) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Liability Insurance of the Provider</inline>.—</heading><paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff421625-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="1">“(1) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">In general</inline>.—</heading><chapeau>The provider under subsection (a) shall obtain liability insurance or demonstrate financial responsibility in amounts to compensate for the maximum probable loss from claims by—</chapeau><subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff421626-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="A">“(A) </num><content>a third party for death, bodily injury, or property damage or loss resulting from a launch service or reentry service carried out under the contract; and</content></subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff421627-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="B">“(B) </num><content>the United States Government for damage or loss to Government property resulting from a launch service or reentry service carried out under the contract.</content></subparagraph> </paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff421628-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="2">“(2) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Maximum probable losses</inline>.—</heading><subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff421629-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="A">“(A) </num><sidenote><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff42162a-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">Determination.</p><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff42162b-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">Deadline.</p></sidenote><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">In general</inline>.—</heading><content>The Administrator shall determine the maximum probable losses under subparagraphs (A) and (B) of paragraph (1) not later than 90 days after the date that the provider requests such a determination and submits all information the Administrator requires.</content></subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff42162c-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="B">“(B) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Revisions</inline>.—</heading><content>The Administrator may revise a determination under subparagraph (A) of this paragraph if the Administrator determines the revision is warranted based on new information.<page identifier="/us/stat/131/31">131 STAT. 31</page></content></subparagraph> </paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff42162d-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="3">“(3) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Amount of insurance</inline>.—</heading><chapeau>For the total claims related to one launch or reentry, a provider shall not be required to obtain insurance or demonstrate financial responsibility of more than—</chapeau><subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff42162e-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="A">“(A)</num><clause class="inline" id="yff42162f-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a"><num value="i">(i) </num><content>$500,000,000 under paragraph (1)(A); or</content></clause> <clause class="fontsize10" id="yff421630-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658126"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="ii">“(ii) </num><content>$100,000,000 under paragraph (1)(B); or</content></clause> </subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff421631-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="B">“(B) </num><content>the maximum liability insurance available on the world market at reasonable cost.</content></subparagraph> </paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff421632-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="4">“(4) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Coverage</inline>.—</heading><chapeau>An insurance policy or demonstration of financial responsibility under this subsection shall protect the following, to the extent of their potential liability for involvement in launch services or reentry services:</chapeau><subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff421633-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="A">“(A) </num><content>The Government.</content></subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff421634-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="B">“(B) </num><content>Personnel of the Government.</content></subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff421635-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="C">“(C) </num><content>Related entities of the Government.</content></subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff421636-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="D">“(D) </num><content>Related entities of the provider.</content></subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff421637-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="E">“(E) </num><content>Government astronauts.</content></subparagraph> </paragraph> </subsection> <subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff421638-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="d">“(d) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">No Indemnification Without Cross-waiver</inline>.—</heading><content>Notwithstanding subsection (a), the Administrator may not indemnify a provider under this section unless there is a cross-waiver between the Administration and the provider as described in subsection (e).</content></subsection> <subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff421639-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="e">“(e) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Cross-Waivers</inline>.—</heading><paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff42163a-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="1">“(1) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">In general</inline>.—</heading><content>The Administrator, on behalf of the United States and its departments, agencies, and instrumentalities, shall reciprocally waive claims with a provider under which each party to the waiver agrees to be responsible, and agrees to ensure that its related entities are responsible, for damage or loss to its property, or for losses resulting from any injury or death sustained by its employees or agents, as a result of activities arising out of the performance of the contract.</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff42163b-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="2">“(2) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Limitation</inline>.—</heading><content>The waiver made by the Government under paragraph (1) shall apply only to the extent that the claims are more than the amount of insurance or demonstration of financial responsibility required under subsection (c)(1)(B).</content></paragraph> </subsection> <subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff42163c-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="f">“(f) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Willful Misconduct</inline>.—</heading><content>Indemnification under subsection (a) may exclude claims resulting from the willful misconduct of the provider or its related entities.</content></subsection> <subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff42163d-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="g">“(g) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Certification of Just and Reasonable Amount</inline>.—</heading><content>No payment may be made under subsection (a) unless the Administrator or the Administrator’s designee certifies that the amount is just and reasonable.</content></subsection> <subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff42163e-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="h">“(h) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Payments</inline>.—</heading><paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff42163f-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="1">“(1) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">In general</inline>.—</heading><content>Upon the approval by the Administrator, payments under subsection (a) may be made from funds appropriated for such payments.</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff421640-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="2">“(2) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Limitation</inline>.—</heading><content>The Administrator shall not approve payments under paragraph (1), except to the extent provided in an appropriation law or to the extent additional legislative authority is enacted providing for such payments.</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff421641-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="3">“(3) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Additional appropriations</inline>.—</heading><content>If the Administrator requests additional appropriations to make payments under this subsection, then the request for those appropriations shall be made in accordance with the procedures established under section 50915.</content></paragraph> </subsection> <subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff421642-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="i">“(i) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Rules of Construction</inline>.—</heading><page identifier="/us/stat/131/32">131 STAT. 32</page> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff421643-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="1">“(1) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">In general</inline>.—</heading><content>The authority to indemnify under this section shall not create any rights in third persons that would not otherwise exist by law.</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff421644-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="2">“(2) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Other authority</inline>.—</heading><content>Nothing in this section may be construed as prohibiting the Administrator from indemnifying a provider or any other NASA contractor under other law, including under <ref href="/us/pl/85/804">Public Law 85–804</ref> (<ref href="/us/usc/t50/s1431/etseq">50 U.S.C. 1431 et seq.</ref>).</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff421645-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="3">“(3) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Anti-deficiency act</inline>.—</heading><chapeau>Notwithstanding any other provision of this section—</chapeau><subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff421646-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="A">“(A) </num><content>all obligations under this section are subject to the availability of funds; and</content></subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff421647-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="B">“(B) </num><content>nothing in this section may be construed to require obligation or payment of funds in violation of sections 1341, 1342, 1349 through 1351, and 1511 through 1519 of <ref href="/us/usc/t31">title 31, United States Code</ref> (commonly referred to as the ‘Anti-Deficiency Act’).</content></subparagraph> </paragraph> </subsection> <subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff421648-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="j">“(j) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Relationship to Other Laws</inline>.—</heading><content>The Administrator may not provide indemnification under this section for an activity that requires a license or permit under chapter 509.</content></subsection> <subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff421649-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="k">“(k) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Definitions</inline>.—</heading><chapeau>In this section:</chapeau><paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff42164a-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" role="definitions" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="1">“(1) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Government astronaut</inline>.—</heading><content>The term ‘<term>government astronaut</term>’ has the meaning given the term in section 50902.</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff42164b-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" role="definitions" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="2">“(2) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Launch services</inline>.—</heading><content>The term ‘<term>launch services</term>’ has the meaning given the term in section 50902.</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff42164c-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" role="definitions" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="3">“(3) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Provider</inline>.—</heading><content>The term ‘<term>provider</term>’ means a person that provides domestic launch services or domestic reentry services to the Government.</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff42164d-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" role="definitions" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="4">“(4) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Reentry services</inline>.—</heading><content>The term ‘<term>reentry services</term>’ has the meaning given the term in section 50902.</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff42164e-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" role="definitions" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="5">“(5) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Related entity</inline>.—</heading><content>The term ‘<term>related entity</term>’ means a contractor or subcontractor.</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff42164f-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" role="definitions" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="6">“(6) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Third party</inline>.—</heading><chapeau>The term ‘<term>third party</term>’ means a person except—</chapeau><subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff421650-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="A">“(A) </num><content>the United States Government;</content></subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff421651-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="B">“(B) </num><content>related entities of the Government involved in launch services or reentry services;</content></subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff421652-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="C">“(C) </num><content>a provider;</content></subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff421653-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="D">“(D) </num><content>related entities of the provider involved in launch services or reentry services; or</content></subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff421654-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="E">“(E) </num><content>a government astronaut.”</content></subparagraph> </paragraph> </subsection> </section> </quotedContent>.</content></subsection> <subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff421655-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIII/s305/b" role="instruction" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="b">(b) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Conforming Amendment</inline>.—</heading><content>The table of contents for subchapter III of chapter 201 of title 51,<sidenote><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff421656-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180"><ref href="/us/usc/t51/s20101">51 USC 20101</ref> prec.<?GPOvSpace 04?></p></sidenote> United States Code, <amendingAction type="amend">is amended</amendingAction> by <amendingAction type="insert">inserting</amendingAction> after the item relating to section 20147 the following:<quotedContent><toc> <referenceItem role="section" style="-uslm-lc:I658242"> <designator>“20148. </designator> <label>Indemnification; NASA launch services and reentry services.”.</label> </referenceItem></toc> </quotedContent><page identifier="/us/stat/131/33">131 STAT. 33</page></content></subsection> </section> <num value="IV">TITLE IV—</num><heading>ADVANCING HUMAN DEEP SPACE EXPLORATION</heading> <subtitle id="d184391e2381" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stA" style="-uslm-lc:I658178"><num value="A">Subtitle A—</num><heading>Human Space Flight and Exploration Goals and Objectives</heading> <section id="d184391e2386" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stA/s411" role="instruction" style="-uslm-lc:I658143"><num class="fontsize12" value="411">SEC. 411. </num><heading>HUMAN SPACE FLIGHT AND EXPLORATION LONG-TERM GOALS.</heading><content class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="xff423d67-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658120">  Section 202(a) of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2010 (<ref href="/us/usc/t42/s18312/a">42 U.S.C. 18312(a)</ref>) <amendingAction type="amend">is amended</amendingAction> to read as follows:<quotedContent><subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff426478-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="a">“(a) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Long-term Goals</inline>.—</heading><chapeau>The long-term goals of the human space flight and exploration efforts of NASA shall be—</chapeau><paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff426479-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="1">“(1) </num><content>to expand permanent human presence beyond low-Earth orbit and to do so, where practical, in a manner involving international, academic, and industry partners;</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff42647a-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="2">“(2) </num><content>crewed missions and progress toward achieving the goal in paragraph (1) to enable the potential for subsequent human exploration and the extension of human presence throughout the solar system; and</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff42647b-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="3">“(3) </num><content>to enable a capability to extend human presence, including potential human habitation on another celestial body and a thriving space economy in the 21st Century.”</content></paragraph> </subsection> </quotedContent>.</content></section> <section id="d184391e2426" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stA/s412" role="instruction" style="-uslm-lc:I658143"><num class="fontsize12" value="412">SEC. 412. </num><heading>KEY OBJECTIVES.</heading><chapeau class="indentUp0 firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="xff428b8c-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658120">  Section 202(b) of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2010 (<ref href="/us/usc/t42/s18312/b">42 U.S.C. 18312(b)</ref>) <amendingAction type="amend">is amended</amendingAction>—</chapeau><paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff428b8d-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stA/s412/1" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="1">(1) </num><content>in paragraph (3), by <amendingAction type="delete">striking</amendingAction> “<quotedText>; and</quotedText>” and <amendingAction type="insert">inserting</amendingAction> a semicolon;</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff428b8e-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stA/s412/2" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="2">(2) </num><content>in paragraph (4), by <amendingAction type="delete">striking</amendingAction> the period at the end and <amendingAction type="insert">inserting</amendingAction> “<quotedText>; and</quotedText>”; and</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff428b8f-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stA/s412/3" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="3">(3) </num><content>by <amendingAction type="add">adding</amendingAction> at the end the following:<quotedContent><paragraph class="indentUp0 fontsize10" id="yff428b90-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="5">“(5) </num><content>to achieve human exploration of Mars and beyond through the prioritization of those technologies and capabilities best suited for such a mission in accordance with the stepping stone approach to exploration under <ref href="/us/usc/t51/s70504">section 70504 of title 51, United States Code</ref>.”</content></paragraph> </quotedContent>.</content></paragraph> </section> <section id="d184391e2483" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stA/s413" role="instruction" style="-uslm-lc:I658143"><num class="fontsize12" value="413">SEC. 413. </num><heading>VISION FOR SPACE EXPLORATION.</heading><chapeau class="indentUp0 firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="xff42b2a1-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658120">  <ref href="/us/usc/t51/s20302">Section 20302 of title 51, United States Code</ref>, <amendingAction type="amend">is amended</amendingAction>—</chapeau><paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff42b2a2-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stA/s413/1" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="1">(1) </num><content>in subsection (a), by <amendingAction type="insert">inserting</amendingAction> “<quotedText>in cis-lunar space or</quotedText>” after “<quotedText>sustained human presence</quotedText>”;</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff42b2a3-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stA/s413/2" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="2">(2) </num><content>by <amendingAction type="amend">amending</amendingAction> subsection (b) to read as follows:<quotedContent><subsection class="indentDown1 firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff42b2a4-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="b">“(b) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Future Exploration of Mars</inline>.—</heading><content>The Administrator shall manage human space flight programs, including the Space Launch System and Orion, to enable humans to explore Mars and other destinations by defining a series of sustainable steps and conducting mission planning, research, and technology development on a timetable that is technically and fiscally possible, consistent with section 70504.”</content></subsection> </quotedContent>; and</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff42b2a5-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stA/s413/3" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="3">(3) </num><content>by <amendingAction type="add">adding</amendingAction> at the end the following:<quotedContent><subsection class="indentDown1 firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff42d9b6-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="c">“(c) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Definitions</inline>.—</heading><chapeau>In this section:</chapeau><paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff42d9b7-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" role="definitions" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="1">“(1) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Orion</inline>.—</heading><content>The term ‘<term>Orion</term>’ means the multipurpose crew vehicle described under section 303 of the National Aeronautics <page identifier="/us/stat/131/34">131 STAT. 34</page> and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2010 (<ref href="/us/usc/t42/s18323">42 U.S.C. 18323</ref>).</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff42d9b8-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" role="definitions" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="2">“(2) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Space launch system</inline>.—</heading><content>The term ‘<term>Space Launch System</term>’ means has the meaning given the term in section 3 of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2010 (<ref href="/us/usc/t42/s18302">42 U.S.C. 18302</ref>).”</content></paragraph> </subsection> </quotedContent>.</content></paragraph> </section> <section id="d184391e2574" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stA/s414" role="instruction" style="-uslm-lc:I658143"><num class="fontsize12" value="414">SEC. 414. </num><heading>STEPPING STONE APPROACH TO EXPLORATION.</heading><content class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="xff4300c9-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658120">  <ref href="/us/usc/t51/s70504">Section 70504 of title 51, United States Code</ref>, <amendingAction type="amend">is amended</amendingAction> to read as follows:<quotedContent><section class="centered fontsize12" id="yff4327da-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658165"><num class="fontsize12" value="70504">“§ 70504.</num><heading class="fontsize12"> Stepping stone approach to exploration</heading><subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff4327db-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="a">“(a) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">In General</inline>.—</heading><chapeau>The Administration—</chapeau><paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff4327dc-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="1">“(1) </num><content>may conduct missions to intermediate destinations in sustainable steps in accordance with section 20302(b) of this title, and on a timetable determined by the availability of funding, in order to achieve the objective of human exploration of Mars specified in section 202(b)(5) of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2010 (<ref href="/us/usc/t42/s18312/b/5">42 U.S.C. 18312(b)(5)</ref>); and</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff4327dd-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="2">“(2) </num><content>shall incorporate any such missions into the human exploration roadmap under section 432 of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Transition Authorization Act of 2017.</content></paragraph> </subsection> <subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff4327de-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="b">“(b) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Cost-effectiveness</inline>.—</heading><content>In order to maximize the cost-effectiveness of the long-term space exploration and utilization activities of the United States, the Administrator shall take all necessary steps, including engaging international, academic, and industry partners, to ensure that activities in the Administration’s human space exploration program balance how those activities might also help meet the requirements of future exploration and utilization activities leading to human habitation on the surface of Mars.</content></subsection> <subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff4327df-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="c">“(c) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Completion</inline>.—</heading><content>Within budgetary considerations, once an exploration-related project enters its development phase, the Administrator shall seek, to the maximum extent practicable, to complete that project without undue delays.</content></subsection> <subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff4327e0-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="d">“(d) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">International Participation</inline>.—</heading><content>In order to achieve the goal of successfully conducting a crewed mission to the surface of Mars, the President may invite the United States partners in the ISS program and other nations, as appropriate, to participate in an international initiative under the leadership of the United States.”</content></subsection> </section> </quotedContent>.</content></section> <section id="d184391e2647" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stA/s415" role="instruction" style="-uslm-lc:I658143"><num class="fontsize12" value="415">SEC. 415. </num><heading>UPDATE OF EXPLORATION PLAN AND PROGRAMS.</heading><content class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="xff4327e1-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658120">  <ref href="/us/usc/t51/s70502/2">Section 70502(2) of title 51, United States Code</ref>, <amendingAction type="amend">is amended</amendingAction> to read as follows:<quotedContent><paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff4327e2-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="2">“(2) </num><content>implement an exploration research and technology development program to enable human and robotic operations consistent with section 20302(b) of this title;”</content></paragraph> </quotedContent>.</content></section> <section id="d184391e2668" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stA/s416" style="-uslm-lc:I658143"><num class="fontsize12" value="416">SEC. 416. </num><heading>REPEALS.</heading><subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff437503-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stA/s416/a" role="instruction" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="a">(a) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps"> Space Shuttle Capability Assurance</inline>.—</heading><chapeau>Section 203 of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2010 (<ref href="/us/usc/t42/s18313">42 U.S.C. 18313</ref>) <amendingAction type="amend">is amended</amendingAction>—</chapeau><paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff437504-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stA/s416/a/1" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="1">(1) </num><content>by <amendingAction type="delete">striking</amendingAction> subsection (b);</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff437505-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stA/s416/a/2" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="2">(2) </num><content>in subsection (d), by <amendingAction type="delete">striking</amendingAction> “<quotedText>subsection (c)</quotedText>” and <amendingAction type="insert">inserting</amendingAction> “<quotedText>subsection (b)</quotedText>”; and<page identifier="/us/stat/131/35">131 STAT. 35</page></content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff437506-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stA/s416/a/3" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="3">(3) </num><content>by <amendingAction type="redesignate">redesignating</amendingAction> subsections (c) and (d) as subsections (b) and (c), respectively.</content></paragraph> </subsection> <subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff437507-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stA/s416/b" role="instruction" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="b">(b) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Shuttle Pricing Policy for Commercial and Foreign Users</inline>.—</heading><content><ref href="/us/usc/t51/ch703">Chapter 703 of title 51, United States Code</ref>, and the item relating to that chapter in the table of chapters for that title, are <amendingAction type="repeal">repealed</amendingAction>.</content></subsection> <subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff437508-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stA/s416/c" role="instruction" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="c">(c) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Shuttle Privatization</inline>.—</heading><content><ref href="/us/usc/t51/s50133">Section 50133 of title 51, United States Code</ref>, and the item relating to that section in the table of sections for chapter 501<sidenote><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff437509-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180"><ref href="/us/usc/t51/s50101">51 USC 50101</ref> prec.</p></sidenote> of that title, are <amendingAction type="repeal">repealed</amendingAction>.</content></subsection> </section> <section id="d184391e2757" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stA/s417" role="instruction" style="-uslm-lc:I658143"><num class="fontsize12" value="417">SEC. 417. </num><heading>ASSURED ACCESS TO SPACE.</heading><chapeau class="indentUp0 firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="xff439c1a-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658120">  <ref href="/us/usc/t51/s70501">Section 70501 of title 51, United States Code</ref>, <amendingAction type="amend">is amended</amendingAction>—</chapeau><paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff439c1b-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stA/s417/1" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="1">(1) </num><content>by <amendingAction type="amend">amending</amendingAction> subsection (a) to read as follows:<quotedContent><subsection class="indentDown1 firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff439c1c-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="a">“(a) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Policy Statement</inline>.—</heading><chapeau>In order to ensure continuous United States participation and leadership in the exploration and utilization of space and as an essential instrument of national security, it is the policy of the United States to maintain an uninterrupted capability for human space flight and operations—</chapeau><paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff439c1d-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="1">“(1) </num><content>in low-Earth orbit; and</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff439c1e-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="2">“(2) </num><content>beyond low-Earth orbit once the capabilities described in section 421(f) of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Transition Authorization Act of 2017 become available.”</content></paragraph> </subsection> </quotedContent>; and</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff439c1f-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stA/s417/2" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="2">(2) </num><content>in subsection (b), by <amendingAction type="delete">striking</amendingAction> “<quotedText>Committee on Science and Technology of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate describing the progress being made toward developing the Crew Exploration Vehicle and the Crew Launch Vehicle</quotedText>” and <amendingAction type="insert">inserting</amendingAction> “<quotedText>Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate and the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the House of Representatives describing the progress being made toward developing the Space Launch System and Orion</quotedText>”.</content></paragraph> </section> </subtitle> <subtitle id="d184391e2813" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stB" style="-uslm-lc:I658178"><num value="B">Subtitle B—</num><heading>Assuring Core Capabilities for Exploration</heading> <section id="d184391e2818" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stB/s421" style="-uslm-lc:I658143"><num class="fontsize12" value="421">SEC. 421. </num><sidenote><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff43c330-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180"><ref href="/us/usc/t51/s20301">51 USC 20301 note</ref>.</p></sidenote><heading>SPACE LAUNCH SYSTEM, ORION, AND EXPLORATION GROUND SYSTEMS.</heading><subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff44fbb1-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stB/s421/a" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="a">(a) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Findings</inline>.—</heading><chapeau>Congress makes the following findings:</chapeau><paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff44fbb2-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stB/s421/a/1" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="1">(1) </num><content>NASA has made steady progress in developing and testing the Space Launch System and Orion exploration systems with the successful Exploration Flight Test of Orion in December of 2014, the final qualification test firing of the 5-segment Space Launch System boosters in June 2016, and a full thrust, full duration test firing of the RS–25 Space Launch System core stage engine in August 2016.</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff44fbb3-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stB/s421/a/2" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="2">(2) </num><content>Through the 21st Century Launch Complex program and Exploration Ground Systems programs, NASA has made significant progress in transforming exploration ground systems infrastructure to meet NASA’s mission requirements for the Space Launch System and Orion and to modernize NASA’s launch complexes to the benefit of the civil, defense, and commercial space sectors.</content></paragraph> </subsection> <subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff44fbb4-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stB/s421/b" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="b">(b) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Space Launch System</inline>.—</heading><page identifier="/us/stat/131/36">131 STAT. 36</page> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff44fbb5-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stB/s421/b/1" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="1">(1) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Sense of congress</inline>.—</heading><content>It is the sense of Congress that use of the Space Launch System and Orion, with contributions from partnerships with the private sector, academia, and the international community, is the most practical approach to reaching the Moon, Mars, and beyond.</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff44fbb6-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stB/s421/b/2" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="2">(2) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Reaffirmation</inline>.—</heading><content>Congress reaffirms the policy and minimum capability requirements for the Space Launch System under section 302 of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2010 (<ref href="/us/usc/t42/s18322">42 U.S.C. 18322</ref>).</content></paragraph> </subsection> <subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff44fbb7-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stB/s421/c" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="c">(c) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Sense of Congress on Space Launch System, Orion, and Exploration Ground Systems</inline>.—</heading><chapeau>It is the sense of Congress that—</chapeau><paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff44fbb8-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stB/s421/c/1" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="1">(1) </num><content>as the United States works to send humans on a series of missions to Mars in the 2030s, the United States national space program should continue to make progress on its commitment by fully developing the Space Launch System, Orion, and related Exploration Ground Systems;</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff44fbb9-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stB/s421/c/2" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="2">(2) </num><content>using the Space Launch System and Orion for a wide range of contemplated missions will facilitate the national defense, science, and exploration objectives of the United States;</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff44fbba-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stB/s421/c/3" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="3">(3) </num><content>the United States should have continuity of purpose for the Space Launch System and Orion in deep space exploration missions, using them beginning with the uncrewed mission, EM–1, planned for 2018, followed by the crewed mission, EM–2, in cis-lunar space planned for 2021, and for subsequent missions beginning with EM–3 extending into cis-lunar space and eventually to Mars;</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff44fbbb-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stB/s421/c/4" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="4">(4) </num><content>the President’s annual budget requests for the Space Launch System and Orion development, test, and operational phases should strive to accurately reflect the resource requirements of each of those phases;</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff44fbbc-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stB/s421/c/5" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="5">(5) </num><content>the fully integrated Space Launch System, including an upper stage needed to go beyond low-Earth orbit, will safely enable human space exploration of the Moon, Mars, and beyond; and</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff44fbbd-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stB/s421/c/6" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="6">(6) </num><content>the Administrator should budget for and undertake a robust ground test and uncrewed and crewed flight test and demonstration program for the Space Launch System and Orion in order to promote safety and reduce programmatic risk.</content></paragraph> </subsection> <subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff44fbbe-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stB/s421/d" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="d">(d) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">In General</inline>.—</heading><content>The Administrator shall continue the development of the fully integrated Space Launch System, including an upper stage needed to go beyond low-Earth orbit, in order to safely enable human space exploration of the Moon, Mars, and beyond over the course of the next century as required in section 302(c) of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2010 (<ref href="/us/usc/t42/s18322/c">42 U.S.C. 18322(c)</ref>).</content></subsection> <subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff44fbbf-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stB/s421/e" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="e">(e) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Report</inline>.—</heading><paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff44fbc0-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stB/s421/e/1" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="1">(1) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">In general</inline>.—</heading><content>Not later than 60 days after the date of enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall submit to the appropriate committees of Congress a report addressing the ability of Orion to meet the needs and the minimum capability requirements described in section 303(b)(3) of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2010 (<ref href="/us/usc/t42/s18323/b/3">42 U.S.C. 18323(b)(3)</ref>).</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff44fbc1-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stB/s421/e/2" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="2">(2) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Contents</inline>.—</heading><chapeau>The report shall detail—</chapeau><page identifier="/us/stat/131/37">131 STAT. 37</page> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff44fbc2-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stB/s421/e/2/A" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="A">(A) </num><content>those components and systems of Orion that ensure it is in compliance with section 303(b)(3) of that Act (<ref href="/us/usc/t42/s18323/b/3">42 U.S.C. 18323(b)(3)</ref>);</content></subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff44fbc3-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stB/s421/e/2/B" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="B">(B) </num><content>the expected date that Orion, integrated with a vehicle other than the Space Launch System, could be available to transport crew and cargo to the ISS;</content></subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff44fbc4-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stB/s421/e/2/C" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="C">(C) </num><content>any impacts to the deep space exploration missions under subsection (f) of this section due to enabling Orion to meet the minimum capability requirements described in section 303(b)(3) of that Act (<ref href="/us/usc/t42/s18323/b/3">42 U.S.C. 18323(b)(3)</ref>) and conducting the mission described in subparagraph (B) of this paragraph; and</content></subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff44fbc5-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stB/s421/e/2/D" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="D">(D) </num><content>the overall cost and schedule impacts associated with enabling Orion to meet the minimum capability requirements described in section 303(b)(3) of that Act (<ref href="/us/usc/t42/s18323/b/3">42 U.S.C. 18323(b)(3)</ref>) and conducting the mission described in subparagraph (B) of this paragraph.</content></subparagraph> </paragraph> </subsection> <subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff4522d6-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stB/s421/f" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="f">(f) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Exploration Missions</inline>.—</heading><chapeau>The Administrator shall continue development of—</chapeau><paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff4522d7-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stB/s421/f/1" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="1">(1) </num><content>an uncrewed exploration mission to demonstrate the capability of both the Space Launch System and Orion as an integrated system by 2018;</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff4522d8-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stB/s421/f/2" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="2">(2) </num><content>subject to applicable human rating processes and requirements, a crewed exploration mission to demonstrate the Space Launch System, including the Core Stage and Exploration Upper Stages, by 2021;</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff4522d9-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stB/s421/f/3" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="3">(3) </num><content>subsequent missions beginning with EM–3 at operational flight rate sufficient to maintain safety and operational readiness using the Space Launch System and Orion to extend into cis-lunar space and eventually to Mars; and</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff4522da-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stB/s421/f/4" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="4">(4) </num><content>a deep space habitat as a key element in a deep space exploration architecture along with the Space Launch System and Orion.</content></paragraph> </subsection> <subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff4522db-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stB/s421/g" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="g">(g) </num><sidenote><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff4522dc-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">Assessment.</p></sidenote><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Other Uses</inline>.—</heading><content>The Administrator shall assess the utility of the Space Launch System for use by the science community and for other Federal Government launch needs, including consideration of overall cost and schedule savings from reduced transit times and increased science returns enabled by the unique capabilities of the Space Launch System.</content></subsection> <subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff4522dd-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stB/s421/h" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="h">(h) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Utilization Report</inline>.—</heading><paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff4522de-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stB/s421/h/1" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="1">(1) </num><sidenote><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff4522df-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">Consultation.</p></sidenote><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">In general</inline>.—</heading><content>The Administrator, in consultation with the Secretary of Defense and the Director of National Intelligence, shall prepare a report that addresses the effort and budget required to enable and utilize a cargo variant of the 130-ton Space Launch System configuration described in section 302(c) of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2010 (<ref href="/us/usc/t42/s18322/c">42 U.S.C. 18322(c)</ref>).</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff4522e0-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stB/s421/h/2" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="2">(2) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Contents</inline>.—</heading><chapeau>In preparing the report, the Administrator shall—</chapeau><subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff4522e1-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stB/s421/h/2/A" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="A">(A) </num><content>consider the technical requirements of the scientific and national security communities related to a cargo variant of the Space Launch System; and</content></subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff4522e2-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stB/s421/h/2/B" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="B">(B) </num><sidenote><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff4522e3-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">Assessment.</p></sidenote><content>directly assess the utility and estimated cost savings obtained by using a cargo variant of the Space Launch System for national security and space science missions.<page identifier="/us/stat/131/38">131 STAT. 38</page></content></subparagraph> </paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff4522e4-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stB/s421/h/3" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="3">(3) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Submission to congress</inline>.—</heading><content>Not later than 180 days after the date of enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall submit the report to the appropriate committees of Congress.</content></paragraph> </subsection> </section> </subtitle> <subtitle id="d184391e3100" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stC" style="-uslm-lc:I658178"><num value="C">Subtitle C—</num><heading>Journey to Mars</heading> <section id="d184391e3105" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stC/s431" style="-uslm-lc:I658143"><num class="fontsize12" value="431">SEC. 431. </num><sidenote><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff4522e5-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180"><ref href="/us/usc/t51/s20302">51 USC 20302 note</ref>.</p></sidenote><heading>FINDINGS ON HUMAN SPACE EXPLORATION.</heading><chapeau class="indentUp0 firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="xff457106-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658120">  Congress makes the following findings:</chapeau><paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff457107-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stC/s431/1" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="1">(1) </num><content>In accordance with section 204 of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2010 (<ref href="/us/stat/124/2813">124 Stat. 2813</ref>), the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, through its Committee on Human Spaceflight, conducted a review of the goals, core capabilities, and direction of human space flight, and published the findings and recommendations in a 2014 report entitled, “Pathways to Exploration: Rationales and Approaches for a U.S. Program of Human Space Exploration”.</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff457108-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stC/s431/2" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="2">(2) </num><content>The Committee on Human Spaceflight included leaders from the aerospace, scientific, security, and policy communities.</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff457109-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stC/s431/3" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="3">(3) </num><content>With input from the public, the Committee on Human Spaceflight concluded that many practical and aspirational rationales for human space flight together constitute a compelling case for continued national investment and pursuit of human space exploration toward the horizon goal of Mars.</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff45710a-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stC/s431/4" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="4">(4) </num><content>According to the Committee on Human Spaceflight, the rationales include economic benefits, national security, national prestige, inspiring students and other citizens, scientific discovery, human survival, and a sense of shared destiny.</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff45710b-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stC/s431/5" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="5">(5) </num><content>The Committee on Human Spaceflight affirmed that Mars is the appropriate long-term goal for the human space flight program.</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff45710c-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stC/s431/6" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="6">(6) </num><content>The Committee on Human Spaceflight recommended that NASA define a series of sustainable steps and conduct mission planning and technology development as needed to achieve the long-term goal of placing humans on the surface of Mars.</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff45710d-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stC/s431/7" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="7">(7) </num><content>Expanding human presence beyond low-Earth orbit and advancing toward human missions to Mars requires early planning and timely decisions to be made in the near-term on the necessary courses of action for commitments to achieve short-term and long-term goals and objectives.</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff45710e-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stC/s431/8" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="8">(8) </num><content>In addition to the 2014 report described in paragraph (1), there are several independently developed reports or concepts that describe potential Mars architectures or concepts and identify Mars as the long-term goal for human space exploration, including NASA’s “The Global Exploration Roadmap” of 2013, “NASA’s Journey to Mars–Pioneering Next Steps in Space Exploration” of 2015, NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory’s “Minimal Architecture for Human Journeys to Mars” of 2015, and Explore Mars’ “The Humans to Mars Report 2016”.</content></paragraph> </section> <section id="d184391e3162" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stC/s432" style="-uslm-lc:I658143"><num class="fontsize12" value="432">SEC. 432. </num><sidenote><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff45981f-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180"><ref href="/us/usc/t51/s20302">51 USC 20302 note</ref>.</p></sidenote><heading>HUMAN EXPLORATION ROADMAP.</heading><subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff4745d0-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stC/s432/a" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="a">(a) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Sense of Congress</inline>.—</heading><chapeau>It is the sense of Congress that—</chapeau><paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff4745d1-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stC/s432/a/1" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="1">(1) </num><content>expanding human presence beyond low-Earth orbit and advancing toward human missions to Mars in the 2030s <page identifier="/us/stat/131/39">131 STAT. 39</page> requires early strategic planning and timely decisions to be made in the near-term on the necessary courses of action for commitments to achieve short-term and long-term goals and objectives;</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff4745d2-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stC/s432/a/2" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="2">(2) </num><content>for strong and sustained United States leadership, a need exists to advance a human exploration roadmap, addressing exploration objectives in collaboration with international, academic, and industry partners;</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff4745d3-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stC/s432/a/3" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="3">(3) </num><content>an approach that incrementally advances toward a long-term goal is one in which nearer-term developments and implementation would influence future development and implementation; and</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff4745d4-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stC/s432/a/4" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="4">(4) </num><content>a human exploration roadmap should begin with low-Earth orbit, then address in greater detail progress beyond low-Earth orbit to cis-lunar space, and then address future missions aimed at human arrival and activities near and then on the surface of Mars.</content></paragraph> </subsection> <subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff4745d5-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stC/s432/b" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="b">(b) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Human Exploration Roadmap</inline>.—</heading><paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff4745d6-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stC/s432/b/1" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="1">(1) </num><sidenote><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff4745d7-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">Plan.</p></sidenote><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">In general</inline>.—</heading><content>The Administrator shall develop a human exploration roadmap, including a critical decision plan, to expand human presence beyond low-Earth orbit to the surface of Mars and beyond, considering potential interim destinations such as cis-lunar space and the moons of Mars.</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff4745d8-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stC/s432/b/2" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="2">(2) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Scope</inline>.—</heading><chapeau>The human exploration roadmap shall include—</chapeau><subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff4745d9-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stC/s432/b/2/A" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="A">(A) </num><content>an integrated set of exploration, science, and other goals and objectives of a United States human space exploration program to achieve the long-term goal of human missions near or on the surface of Mars in the 2030s;</content></subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff4745da-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stC/s432/b/2/B" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="B">(B) </num><content>opportunities for international, academic, and industry partnerships for exploration-related systems, services, research, and technology if those opportunities provide cost-savings, accelerate program schedules, or otherwise benefit the goals and objectives developed under subparagraph (A);</content></subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff4745db-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stC/s432/b/2/C" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="C">(C) </num><chapeau>sets and sequences of precursor missions in cis-lunar space and other missions or activities necessary—</chapeau><clause class="fontsize10" id="yff4745dc-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stC/s432/b/2/C/i" style="-uslm-lc:I658126"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="i">(i) </num><content>to demonstrate the proficiency of the capabilities and technologies identified under subparagraph (D); and</content></clause> <clause class="fontsize10" id="yff4745dd-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stC/s432/b/2/C/ii" style="-uslm-lc:I658126"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="ii">(ii) </num><content>to meet the goals and objectives developed under subparagraph (A), including anticipated timelines and missions for the Space Launch System and Orion;</content></clause> </subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff4745de-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stC/s432/b/2/D" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="D">(D) </num><content>an identification of the specific capabilities and technologies, including the Space Launch System, Orion, a deep space habitat, and other capabilities, that facilitate the goals and objectives developed under subparagraph (A);</content></subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff4745df-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stC/s432/b/2/E" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="E">(E) </num><content>a description of how cis-lunar elements, objectives, and activities advance the human exploration of Mars;</content></subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff4745e0-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stC/s432/b/2/F" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="F">(F) </num><sidenote><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff4745e1-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">Assessment.</p></sidenote><content>an assessment of potential human health and other risks, including radiation exposure;</content></subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff4745e2-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stC/s432/b/2/G" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="G">(G) </num><sidenote><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff4745e3-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">Mitigation plans.</p></sidenote><content>mitigation plans, whenever possible, to address the risks identified in subparagraph (F);</content></subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff4745e4-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stC/s432/b/2/H" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="H">(H) </num><content>a description of those technologies already under development across the Federal Government or by other <page identifier="/us/stat/131/40">131 STAT. 40</page> entities that facilitate the goals and objectives developed under subparagraph (A);</content></subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff4745e5-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stC/s432/b/2/I" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="I">(I) </num><content>a specific process for the evolution of the capabilities of the fully integrated Orion with the Space Launch System and a description of how these systems facilitate the goals and objectives developed under subparagraph (A) and demonstrate the capabilities and technologies described in subparagraph (D);</content></subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff4745e6-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stC/s432/b/2/J" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="J">(J) </num><content>a description of the capabilities and technologies that need to be demonstrated or research data that could be gained through the utilization of the ISS and the status of the development of such capabilities and technologies;</content></subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff4745e7-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stC/s432/b/2/K" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="K">(K) </num><sidenote><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff4745e8-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">Assessment.</p></sidenote><content>a framework for international cooperation in the development of all capabilities and technologies identified under this section, including an assessment of the risks posed by relying on international partners for capabilities and technologies on the critical path of development;</content></subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff476cf9-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stC/s432/b/2/L" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="L">(L) </num><content>a process for partnering with nongovernmental entities using Space Act Agreements or other acquisition instruments for future human space exploration; and</content></subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff476cfa-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stC/s432/b/2/M" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="M">(M) </num><content>include information on the phasing of planned intermediate destinations, Mars mission risk areas and potential risk mitigation approaches, technology requirements and phasing of required technology development activities, the management strategy to be followed, related ISS activities, planned international collaborative activities, potential commercial contributions, and other activities relevant to the achievement of the goal established in this section.</content></subparagraph> </paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff476cfb-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stC/s432/b/3" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="3">(3) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Considerations</inline>.—</heading><chapeau>In developing the human exploration roadmap, the Administrator shall consider—</chapeau><subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff476cfc-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stC/s432/b/3/A" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="A">(A) </num><content>using key exploration capabilities, namely the Space Launch System and Orion;</content></subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff476cfd-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stC/s432/b/3/B" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="B">(B) </num><content>using existing commercially available technologies and capabilities or those technologies and capabilities being developed by industry for commercial purposes;</content></subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff476cfe-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stC/s432/b/3/C" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="C">(C) </num><content>establishing an organizational approach to ensure collaboration and coordination among NASA’s Mission Directorates under section 821, when appropriate, including to collect and return to Earth a sample from the Martian surface;</content></subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff476cff-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stC/s432/b/3/D" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="D">(D) </num><content>building upon the initial uncrewed mission, EM–1, and first crewed mission, EM–2, of the Space Launch System and Orion to establish a sustainable cadence of missions extending human exploration missions into cis-lunar space, including anticipated timelines and milestones;</content></subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff476d00-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stC/s432/b/3/E" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="E">(E) </num><content>developing the robotic and precursor missions and activities that will demonstrate, test, and develop key technologies and capabilities essential for achieving human missions to Mars, including long-duration human operations beyond low-Earth orbit, space suits, solar electric propulsion, deep space habitats, environmental control life support systems, Mars lander and ascent vehicle, entry, descent, landing, ascent, Mars surface systems, and in-situ resource utilization;<page identifier="/us/stat/131/41">131 STAT. 41</page></content></subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff476d01-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stC/s432/b/3/F" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="F">(F) </num><content>demonstrating and testing 1 or more habitat modules in cis-lunar space to prepare for Mars missions;</content></subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff476d02-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stC/s432/b/3/G" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="G">(G) </num><content>using public-private, firm fixed-price partnerships, where practicable;</content></subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff476d03-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stC/s432/b/3/H" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="H">(H) </num><content>collaborating with international, academic, and industry partners, when appropriate;</content></subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff476d04-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stC/s432/b/3/I" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="I">(I) </num><content>any risks to human health and sensitive onboard technologies, including radiation exposure;</content></subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff476d05-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stC/s432/b/3/J" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="J">(J) </num><content>any risks identified through research outcomes under the NASA Human Research Program’s Behavioral Health Element; and</content></subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff476d06-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stC/s432/b/3/K" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="K">(K) </num><content>the recommendations and ideas of several independently developed reports or concepts that describe potential Mars architectures or concepts and identify Mars as the long-term goal for human space exploration, including the reports described under section 431.</content></subparagraph> </paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff476d07-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stC/s432/b/4" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="4">(4) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Critical decision plan on human space exploration</inline>.—</heading><chapeau>As part of the human exploration roadmap, the Administrator shall include a critical decision plan—</chapeau><subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff476d08-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stC/s432/b/4/A" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="A">(A) </num><sidenote><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff476d09-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">Deadline.</p></sidenote><content>identifying and defining key decisions guiding human space exploration priorities and plans that need to be made before June 30, 2020, including decisions that may guide human space exploration capability development, precursor missions, long-term missions, and activities;</content></subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff476d0a-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stC/s432/b/4/B" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="B">(B) </num><content>defining decisions needed to maximize efficiencies and resources for reaching the near, intermediate, and long-term goals and objectives of human space exploration; and</content></subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff476d0b-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stC/s432/b/4/C" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="C">(C) </num><content>identifying and defining timelines and milestones for a sustainable cadence of missions beginning with EM–3 for the Space Launch System and Orion to extend human exploration from cis-lunar space to the surface of Mars.</content></subparagraph> </paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff476d0c-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stC/s432/b/5" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="5">(5) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Reports</inline>.—</heading><subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff476d0d-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stC/s432/b/5/A" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="A">(A) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Initial human exploration roadmap</inline>.—</heading><chapeau>The Administrator shall submit to the appropriate committees of Congress—</chapeau><clause class="fontsize10" id="yff476d0e-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stC/s432/b/5/A/i" style="-uslm-lc:I658126"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="i">(i) </num><sidenote><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff476d0f-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">Plan.</p></sidenote><content>an initial human exploration roadmap, including a critical decision plan, before December 1, 2017; and</content></clause> <clause class="fontsize10" id="yff476d10-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stC/s432/b/5/A/ii" style="-uslm-lc:I658126"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="ii">(ii) </num><content>an updated human exploration roadmap periodically as the Administrator considers necessary but not less than biennially.</content></clause> </subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff476d11-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stC/s432/b/5/B" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="B">(B) </num><sidenote><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff476d12-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">Time periods.</p></sidenote><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Contents</inline>.—</heading><chapeau>Each human exploration roadmap under this paragraph shall include a description of—</chapeau><clause class="fontsize10" id="yff476d13-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stC/s432/b/5/B/i" style="-uslm-lc:I658126"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="i">(i) </num><content>the achievements and goals accomplished in the process of developing such capabilities and technologies during the 2-year period prior to the submission of the human exploration roadmap; and</content></clause> <clause class="fontsize10" id="yff476d14-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stC/s432/b/5/B/ii" style="-uslm-lc:I658126"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="ii">(ii) </num><content>the expected goals and achievements in the following 2- year period.</content></clause> </subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff476d15-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stC/s432/b/5/C" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="C">(C) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Submission with budget</inline>.—</heading><content>Each human exploration roadmap under this section shall be included in the budget for that fiscal year transmitted to Congress under <ref href="/us/usc/t31/s1105/a">section 1105(a) of title 31, United States Code</ref>.<page identifier="/us/stat/131/42">131 STAT. 42</page></content></subparagraph> </paragraph> </subsection> </section> <section id="d184391e3487" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stC/s433" style="-uslm-lc:I658143"><num class="fontsize12" value="433">SEC. 433. </num><sidenote><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff476d16-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">Deadline.</p><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff476d17-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">Plan.</p><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff476d18-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">Evaluation.</p></sidenote><heading>ADVANCED SPACE SUIT CAPABILITY.</heading><content style="-uslm-lc:I658120">  Not later than 90 days after the date of enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall submit to the appropriate committees of Congress a detailed plan for achieving an advanced space suit capability that aligns with the crew needs for exploration enabled by the Space Launch System and Orion, including an evaluation of the merit of delivering the planned suit system for use on the ISS.</content></section> <section id="d184391e3501" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stC/s434" style="-uslm-lc:I658143"><num class="fontsize12" value="434">SEC. 434. </num><heading>ASTEROID ROBOTIC REDIRECT MISSION.</heading><subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff487e89-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stC/s434/a" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="a">(a) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Findings</inline>.—</heading><chapeau>Congress makes the following findings:</chapeau><paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff487e8a-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stC/s434/a/1" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="1">(1) </num><content>NASA initially estimated that the Asteroid Robotic Redirect Mission would launch in December 2020 and cost no more than $1,250,000,000, excluding launch and operations.</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff487e8b-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stC/s434/a/2" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="2">(2) </num><content>On July 15, 2016, NASA conducted its Key Decision Point–B review of the Asteroid Robotic Redirect Mission or approval for Phase B in mission formulation.</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff487e8c-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stC/s434/a/3" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="3">(3) </num><content>During the Key Decision Point–B review, NASA estimated that costs have grown to $1,400,000,000 excluding launch and operations for a launch in December 2021 and the agency must evaluate whether to accept the increase or reduce the Asteroid Robotic Redirect Mission’s scope to stay within the cost cap set by the Administrator.</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff487e8d-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stC/s434/a/4" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="4">(4) </num><chapeau>In April 2015, the NASA Advisory Council—</chapeau><subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff487e8e-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stC/s434/a/4/A" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="A">(A) </num><chapeau>issued a finding that—</chapeau><clause class="fontsize10" id="yff487e8f-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stC/s434/a/4/A/i" style="-uslm-lc:I658126"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="i">(i) </num><content>high-performance solar electric propulsion will likely be an important part of an architecture to send humans to Mars; and</content></clause> <clause class="fontsize10" id="yff487e90-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stC/s434/a/4/A/ii" style="-uslm-lc:I658126"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="ii">(ii) </num><content>maneuvering a large test mass is not necessary to provide a valid in-space test of a new solar electric propulsion stage;</content></clause> </subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff487e91-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stC/s434/a/4/B" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="B">(B) </num><content>determined that a solar electric propulsion mission will contribute more directly to the goal of sending humans to Mars if the mission is focused entirely on development and validation of the solar electric propulsion stage; and</content></subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff487e92-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stC/s434/a/4/C" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="C">(C) </num><content>determined that other possible motivations for acquiring and maneuvering a boulder, such as asteroid science and planetary defense, do not have value commensurate with their probable cost.</content></subparagraph> </paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff487e93-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stC/s434/a/5" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="5">(5) </num><content>The Asteroid Robotic Redirect Mission is competing for resources with other critical exploration development programs, including the Space Launch System, Orion, commercial crew, and a habitation module.</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff487e94-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stC/s434/a/6" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="6">(6) </num><content>In 2014, the NASA Advisory Council recommended that NASA conduct an independent cost and technical assessment of the Asteroid Robotic Redirect Mission.</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff487e95-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stC/s434/a/7" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="7">(7) </num><chapeau>In 2015, the NASA Advisory Council recommended that NASA preserve the following key objectives if the program needed to be descoped:</chapeau><subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff487e96-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stC/s434/a/7/A" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="A">(A) </num><content>Development of high power solar electric propulsion.</content></subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff487e97-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stC/s434/a/7/B" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="B">(B) </num><content>Ability to maneuver in a low gravity environment in deep space.</content></subparagraph> </paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff487e98-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stC/s434/a/8" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="8">(8) </num><content>In January 2015 and July 2015, the NASA Advisory Council expressed its concern to NASA about the potential for growing costs for the program and highlighted that choices would need to be made about the program’s content.<page identifier="/us/stat/131/43">131 STAT. 43</page></content></paragraph> </subsection> <subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff487e99-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stC/s434/b" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="b">(b) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Sense of Congress</inline>.—</heading><chapeau>It is the sense of Congress that—</chapeau><paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff487e9a-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stC/s434/b/1" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="1">(1) </num><content>the technological and scientific goals of the Asteroid Robotic Redirect Mission have not been demonstrated to Congress to be commensurate with the cost; and</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff487e9b-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stC/s434/b/2" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="2">(2) </num><content>alternative missions may provide a more cost effective and scientifically beneficial means to demonstrate the technologies needed for a human mission to Mars that would otherwise be demonstrated by the Asteroid Robotic Redirect Mission.</content></paragraph> </subsection> <subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff487e9c-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stC/s434/c" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="c">(c) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Evaluation and Report</inline>.—</heading><chapeau>Not later than 180 days after the date of enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall—</chapeau><paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff487e9d-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stC/s434/c/1" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="1">(1) </num><chapeau>conduct an evaluation of—</chapeau><subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff487e9e-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stC/s434/c/1/A" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="A">(A) </num><content>alternative approaches to the Asteroid Robotic Redirect Mission for demonstrating the technologies and capabilities needed for a human mission to Mars that would otherwise be demonstrated by the Asteroid Robotic Redirect Mission;</content></subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff487e9f-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stC/s434/c/1/B" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="B">(B) </num><content>the scientific and technical benefits of the alternative approaches under subparagraph (A) to future human space exploration compared to scientific and technical benefits of the Asteroid Redirect Robotic Mission;</content></subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff487ea0-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stC/s434/c/1/C" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="C">(C) </num><content>the commercial benefits of the alternative approaches identified in subparagraph (A), including the impact on the development of domestic solar electric propulsion technology to bolster United States competitiveness in the global marketplace; and</content></subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff487ea1-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stC/s434/c/1/D" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="D">(D) </num><content>a comparison of the estimated costs of the alternative approaches identified in subparagraph (A); and</content></subparagraph> </paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff487ea2-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stC/s434/c/2" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="2">(2) </num><sidenote><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff487ea3-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">Recommenda-</p><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff487ea4-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">tions.</p></sidenote><content>submit to the appropriate committees of Congress a report on the evaluation under paragraph (1), including any recommendations.</content></paragraph> </subsection> </section> <section id="d184391e3658" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stC/s435" style="-uslm-lc:I658143"><num class="fontsize12" value="435">SEC. 435. </num><heading>MARS 2033 REPORT.</heading><subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff48ccc5-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stC/s435/a" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="a">(a) </num><sidenote><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff48ccc6-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">Contracts.</p><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff48ccc7-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">Study.</p></sidenote><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">In General</inline>.—</heading><content>Not later than 120 days after the date of enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall contract with an independent, non-governmental systems engineering and technical assistance organization to study a Mars human space flight mission to be launched in 2033.</content></subsection> <subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff48ccc8-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stC/s435/b" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="b">(b) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Contents</inline>.—</heading><chapeau>The study shall include—</chapeau><paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff48ccc9-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stC/s435/b/1" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="1">(1) </num><sidenote><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff48ccca-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">Plan.</p></sidenote><content>a technical development, test, fielding, and operations plan using the Space Launch System, Orion, and other systems to successfully launch such a Mars human space flight mission by 2033;</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff48cccb-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stC/s435/b/2" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="2">(2) </num><sidenote><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff48cccc-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">Cost estimates.</p></sidenote><content>an annual budget profile, including cost estimates, for the technical development, test, fielding, and operations plan to carry out a Mars human space flight mission by 2033; and</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff48cccd-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stC/s435/b/3" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="3">(3) </num><content>a comparison of the annual budget profile to the 5-year budget profile contained in the President’s budget request for fiscal year 2017 under <ref href="/us/usc/t31/s1105">section 1105 of title 31, United States Code</ref>.</content></paragraph> </subsection> <subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff48ccce-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stC/s435/c" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="c">(c) </num><sidenote><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff48cccf-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">Recommenda-</p><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff48ccd0-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">tions.</p></sidenote><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Report</inline>.—</heading><content>Not later than 180 days after the date of enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall submit to the appropriate committees of Congress a report on the study, including findings and recommendations regarding the Mars 2033 human space flight mission described in subsection (a).</content></subsection> <subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff48ccd1-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stC/s435/d" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="d">(d) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Assessment</inline>.—</heading><content>Not later than 60 days after the date the report is submitted under subsection (c), the Administrator shall <page identifier="/us/stat/131/44">131 STAT. 44</page> submit to the appropriate committees of Congress an assessment by the NASA Advisory Council of whether the proposal for a Mars human space flight mission to be launched in 2033 is in the strategic interests of the United States in space exploration.</content></subsection> </section> </subtitle> <subtitle id="d184391e3739" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stD" style="-uslm-lc:I658178"><num value="D">Subtitle D—</num><sidenote><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff48ccd2-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">To Research, Evaluate, Assess, and Treat Astronauts Act.</p><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff48ccd3-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180"><ref href="/us/usc/t51/s10101">51 USC 10101 note</ref>.</p></sidenote><heading>TREAT Astronauts Act</heading> <section id="d184391e3751" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stD/s441" style="-uslm-lc:I658143"><num class="fontsize12" value="441">SEC. 441. </num><heading>SHORT TITLE.</heading><content style="-uslm-lc:I658120">  This subtitle may be cited as the “<shortTitle role="subtitle">To Research, Evaluate, Assess, and Treat Astronauts Act</shortTitle>” or the “<shortTitle role="subtitle">TREAT Astronauts Act</shortTitle>”.</content></section> <section id="d184391e3764" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stD/s442" style="-uslm-lc:I658143"><num class="fontsize12" value="442">SEC. 442. </num><heading>FINDINGS; SENSE OF CONGRESS.</heading><subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff496914-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stD/s442/a" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="a">(a) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Findings</inline>.—</heading><chapeau>Congress makes the following findings:</chapeau><paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff496915-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stD/s442/a/1" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="1">(1) </num><content>Human space exploration can pose significant challenges and is full of substantial risk, which has ultimately claimed the lives of 24 NASA astronauts serving in the line of duty.</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff496916-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stD/s442/a/2" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="2">(2) </num><content>As United States government astronauts participate in long-duration and exploration space flight missions they may experience increased health risks, such as vision impairment, bone demineralization, and behavioral health and performance risks, and may be exposed to galactic cosmic radiation. Exposure to high levels of radiation and microgravity can result in acute and long-term health consequences that can increase the risk of cancer and tissue degeneration and have potential effects on the musculoskeletal system, central nervous system, cardiovascular system, immune function, and vision.</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff496917-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stD/s442/a/3" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="3">(3) </num><sidenote><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff496918-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">Scott Kelly.</p><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff496919-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">Mark Kelly.</p></sidenote><content>To advance the goal of long-duration and exploration space flight missions, United States government astronaut Scott Kelly participated in a 1-year twins study in space while his identical twin brother, former United States government astronaut Mark Kelly, acted as a human control specimen on Earth, providing an understanding of the physical, behavioral, microbiological, and molecular reaction of the human body to an extended period of time in space.</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff49691a-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stD/s442/a/4" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="4">(4) </num><content>Since the Administration currently provides medical monitoring, diagnosis, and treatment for United States government astronauts during their active employment, given the unknown long-term health consequences of long-duration space exploration, the Administration has requested statutory authority from Congress to provide medical monitoring, diagnosis, and treatment to former United States government astronauts for psychological and medical conditions associated with human space flight.</content></paragraph> </subsection> <subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff49902b-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stD/s442/b" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="b">(b) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Sense of Congress</inline>.—</heading><chapeau>It is the sense of Congress that—</chapeau><paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff49902c-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stD/s442/b/1" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="1">(1) </num><content>the United States should continue to seek the unknown and lead the world in space exploration and scientific discovery as the Administration prepares for long-duration and exploration space flight in deep space and an eventual mission to Mars;</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff49902d-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stD/s442/b/2" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="2">(2) </num><content>data relating to the health of astronauts will become increasingly valuable to improving our understanding of many diseases humans face on Earth;</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff49902e-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stD/s442/b/3" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="3">(3) </num><content>the Administration should provide the type of monitoring, diagnosis, and treatment described in subsection (a) <page identifier="/us/stat/131/45">131 STAT. 45</page> only for conditions the Administration considers unique to the training or exposure to the space flight environment of United States government astronauts and should not require any former United States Government astronauts to participate in the Administration’s monitoring;</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff49902f-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stD/s442/b/4" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="4">(4) </num><content>such monitoring, diagnosis, and treatment should not replace a former United States government astronaut’s private health insurance;</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff499030-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stD/s442/b/5" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="5">(5) </num><content>expanded data acquired from such monitoring, diagnosis, and treatment should be used to tailor treatment, inform the requirements for new space flight medical hardware, and develop controls in order to prevent disease occurrence in the astronaut corps; and</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff499031-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stD/s442/b/6" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="6">(6) </num><chapeau>the 340-day space mission of Scott Kelly aboard the ISS—</chapeau><subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff499032-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stD/s442/b/6/A" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="A">(A) </num><content>was pivotal for the goal of the United States for humans to explore deep space and Mars as the mission generated new insight into how the human body adjusts to weightlessness, isolation, radiation, and the stress of long-duration space flight; and</content></subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff499033-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stD/s442/b/6/B" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="B">(B) </num><content>will help support the physical and mental well-being of astronauts during longer space exploration missions in the future.</content></subparagraph> </paragraph> </subsection> </section> <section id="d184391e3857" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stD/s443" style="-uslm-lc:I658143"><num class="fontsize12" value="443">SEC. 443. </num><heading>MEDICAL MONITORING AND RESEARCH RELATING TO HUMAN SPACE FLIGHT.</heading><subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff4a7a94-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stD/s443/a" role="instruction" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="a">(a) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">In General</inline>.—</heading><content><ref href="/us/usc/t51/ch201/schIII">Subchapter III of chapter 201 of title 51, United States Code</ref>, as amended by section 305 of this Act, is further amended by <amendingAction type="add">adding</amendingAction> at the end the following:<quotedContent><section class="centered fontsize12" id="yff4aefc5-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658165"><num class="fontsize12" value="20149">“§ 20149.</num><heading class="fontsize12"><sidenote><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff4aefc6-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180"><ref href="/us/usc/t51/s20149">51 USC 20149</ref>.</p></sidenote> Medical monitoring and research relating to human space flight</heading><subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff4aefc7-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="a">“(a) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">In General</inline>.—</heading><chapeau>Notwithstanding any other provision of law, the Administrator may provide for—</chapeau><paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff4aefc8-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="1">“(1) </num><content>the medical monitoring and diagnosis of a former United States government astronaut or a former payload specialist for conditions that the Administrator considers potentially associated with human space flight; and</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff4aefc9-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="2">“(2) </num><content>the treatment of a former United States government astronaut or a former payload specialist for conditions that the Administrator considers associated with human space flight, including scientific and medical tests for psychological and medical conditions.</content></paragraph> </subsection> <subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff4aefca-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="b">“(b) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Requirements</inline>.—</heading><paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff4aefcb-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="1">“(1) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">No cost sharing</inline>.—</heading><content>The medical monitoring, diagnosis, or treatment described in subsection (a) shall be provided without any deductible, copayment, or other cost sharing obligation.</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff4aefcc-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="2">“(2) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Access to local services</inline>.—</heading><content>The medical monitoring, diagnosis, and treatment described in subsection (a) may be provided by a local health care provider if it is unadvisable due to the health of the applicable former United States government astronaut or former payload specialist for that former United States government astronaut or former payload specialist to travel to the Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, as determined by the Administrator.</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff4aefcd-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="3">“(3) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Secondary payment</inline>.—</heading><content>Payment or reimbursement for the medical monitoring, diagnosis, or treatment described in <page identifier="/us/stat/131/46">131 STAT. 46</page> subsection (a) shall be secondary to any obligation of the United States Government or any third party under any other provision of law or contractual agreement to pay for or provide such medical monitoring, diagnosis, or treatment. Any costs for items and services that may be provided by the Administrator for medical monitoring, diagnosis, or treatment under subsection (a) that are not paid for or provided under such other provision of law or contractual agreement, due to the application of deductibles, copayments, coinsurance, other cost sharing, or otherwise, are reimbursable by the Administrator on behalf of the former United States government astronaut or former payload specialist involved to the extent such items or services are authorized to be provided by the Administrator for such medical monitoring, diagnosis, or treatment under subsection (a).</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff4aefce-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="4">“(4) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Conditional payment</inline>.—</heading><chapeau>The Administrator may provide for conditional payments for or provide medical monitoring, diagnosis, or treatment described in subsection (a) that is obligated to be paid for or provided by the United States or any third party under any other provision of law or contractual agreement to pay for or provide such medical monitoring, diagnosis, or treatment if—</chapeau><subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff4aefcf-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="A">“(A) </num><content>payment for (or the provision of) such medical monitoring, diagnosis, or treatment services has not been made (or provided) or cannot reasonably be expected to be made (or provided) promptly by the United States or such third party, respectively; and</content></subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff4aefd0-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="B">“(B) </num><content>such payment (or such provision of services) by the Administrator is conditioned on reimbursement by the United States or such third party, respectively, for such medical monitoring, diagnosis, or treatment.</content></subparagraph> </paragraph> </subsection> <subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff4aefd1-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="c">“(c) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Exclusions</inline>.—</heading><chapeau>The Administrator may not—</chapeau><paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff4aefd2-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="1">“(1) </num><content>provide for medical monitoring or diagnosis of a former United States government astronaut or former payload specialist under subsection (a) for any psychological or medical condition that is not potentially associated with human space flight;</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff4b16e3-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="2">“(2) </num><content>provide for treatment of a former United States government astronaut or former payload specialist under subsection (a) for any psychological or medical condition that is not associated with human space flight; or</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff4b16e4-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="3">“(3) </num><content>require a former United States government astronaut or former payload specialist to participate in the medical monitoring, diagnosis, or treatment authorized under subsection (a).</content></paragraph> </subsection> <subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff4b16e5-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="d">“(d) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Privacy</inline>.—</heading><content>Consistent with applicable provisions of Federal law relating to privacy, the Administrator shall protect the privacy of all medical records generated under subsection (a) and accessible to the Administration.</content></subsection> <subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff4b16e6-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="e">“(e) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Regulations</inline>.—</heading><content>The Administrator shall promulgate such regulations as are necessary to carry out this section.</content></subsection> <subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff4b16e7-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" role="definitions" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="f">“(f) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Definition of United States Government Astronaut</inline>.—</heading><content>In this section, the term ‘<term>United States government astronaut</term>’ has the meaning given the term ‘<term>government astronaut</term>’ in section 50902, except it does not include an individual who is an international partner astronaut.<page identifier="/us/stat/131/47">131 STAT. 47</page></content></subsection> <subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff4b16e8-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="g">“(g) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Data Use and Disclosure</inline>.—</heading><content>The Administrator may use or disclose data acquired in the course of medical monitoring, diagnosis, or treatment of a former United States government astronaut or a former payload specialist under subsection (a), in accordance with subsection (d). Former United States government astronaut or former payload specialist participation in medical monitoring, diagnosis, or treatment under subsection (a) shall constitute consent for the Administrator to use or disclose such data.”</content></subsection> </section> </quotedContent>.</content></subsection> <subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff4b16e9-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stD/s443/b" role="instruction" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="b">(b) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Table of Contents</inline>.—</heading><content>The table of contents for <ref href="/us/usc/t51/ch201">chapter 201 of title 51, United States Code</ref>, as amended by section 305 of this Act,<sidenote><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff4b16ea-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180"><ref href="/us/usc/t51/s20101">51 USC 20101</ref> prec.<?GPOvSpace 04?></p></sidenote> is further amended by <amendingAction type="insert">inserting</amendingAction> after the item relating to section 20148 the following:<quotedContent><toc> <referenceItem role="section" style="-uslm-lc:I658242"> <designator>“20149. </designator> <label>Medical monitoring and research relating to human space flight.”.<?GPOvSpace 04?></label> </referenceItem></toc> </quotedContent></content></subsection> <subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff4b16eb-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stD/s443/c" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="c">(c) </num><sidenote><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff4b16ec-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180"><ref href="/us/usc/t51/s20149">51 USC 20149 note</ref>.</p></sidenote><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Annual Reports</inline>.—</heading><paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff4b16ed-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stD/s443/c/1" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="1">(1) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">In general</inline>.—</heading><content>Each fiscal year, not later than the date of submission of the President’s annual budget request for that fiscal year under <ref href="/us/usc/t31/s1105">section 1105 of title 31, United States Code</ref>, the Administrator shall publish a report, in accordance with applicable Federal privacy laws, on the activities of the Administration under <ref href="/us/usc/t51/s20149">section 20149 of title 51, United States Code</ref>.</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff4b16ee-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stD/s443/c/2" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="2">(2) </num><sidenote><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff4b16ef-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">Budget estimate.</p></sidenote><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Contents</inline>.—</heading><content>Each report under paragraph (1) shall include a detailed cost accounting of the Administration’s activities under <ref href="/us/usc/t51/s20149">section 20149 of title 51, United States Code</ref>, and a 5-year budget estimate.</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff4b16f0-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stD/s443/c/3" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="3">(3) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Submission to congress</inline>.—</heading><content>The Administrator shall submit to the appropriate committees of Congress each report under paragraph (1) not later than the date of submission of the President’s annual budget request for that fiscal year under <ref href="/us/usc/t31/s1105">section 1105 of title 31, United States Code</ref>.</content></paragraph> </subsection> <subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff4b16f1-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stD/s443/d" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="d">(d) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Cost Estimate</inline>.—</heading><paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff4b16f2-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stD/s443/d/1" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="1">(1) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Requirement</inline>.—</heading><content>Not later than 90 days after the date of enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall enter into an arrangement with an independent external organization to undertake an independent cost estimate of the cost to the Administration and the Federal Government to implement and administer the activities of the Administration under <ref href="/us/usc/t51/s20149">section 20149 of title 51, United States Code</ref>. The independent external organization may not be a NASA entity, such as the Office of Safety and Mission Assurance.</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff4b16f3-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stD/s443/d/2" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="2">(2) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Submittal to congress</inline>.—</heading><content>Not later than 1 year after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall submit to the appropriate committees of Congress the independent cost estimate under paragraph (1).</content></paragraph> </subsection> <subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff4b16f4-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stD/s443/e" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="e">(e) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Privacy Study</inline>.—</heading><paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff4b16f5-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stD/s443/e/1" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="1">(1) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Study</inline>.—</heading><content>The Administrator shall carry out a study on any potential privacy or legal issues related to the possible sharing beyond the Federal Government of data acquired under the activities of the Administration under <ref href="/us/usc/t51/s20149">section 20149 of title 51, United States Code</ref>.</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff4b16f6-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stD/s443/e/2" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="2">(2) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Report</inline>.—</heading><content>Not later than 270 days after the date of enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall submit to the appropriate committees of Congress a report containing the results of the study carried out under paragraph (1).</content></paragraph> </subsection> <subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff4b16f7-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tIV/stD/s443/f" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="f">(f) </num><sidenote><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff4b16f8-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180"><ref href="/us/usc/t51/s20149">51 USC 20149 note</ref>.</p></sidenote><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Inspector General Audit</inline>.—</heading><content>The Inspector General of NASA shall periodically audit or review, as the Inspector General <page identifier="/us/stat/131/48">131 STAT. 48</page> considers necessary to prevent waste, fraud, and abuse, the activities of the Administration under <ref href="/us/usc/t51/s20149">section 20149 of title 51, United States Code</ref>.</content></subsection> </section> </subtitle> <num value="V">TITLE V—</num><heading>ADVANCING SPACE SCIENCE</heading> <section id="d184391e4212" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tV/s501" style="-uslm-lc:I658143"><num class="fontsize12" value="501">SEC. 501. </num><sidenote><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff4b16f9-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180"><ref href="/us/usc/t51/s20301">51 USC 20301 note</ref>.</p></sidenote><heading>MAINTAINING A BALANCED SPACE SCIENCE PORTFOLIO.</heading><subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff4b3e0a-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tV/s501/a" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="a">(a) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Sense of Congress on Science Portfolio</inline>.—</heading><chapeau>Congress reaffirms the sense of Congress that—</chapeau><paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff4b3e0b-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tV/s501/a/1" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="1">(1) </num><content>a balanced and adequately funded set of activities, consisting of research and analysis grant programs, technology development, suborbital research activities, and small, medium, and large space missions, contributes to a robust and productive science program and serves as a catalyst for innovation and discovery; and</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff4b3e0c-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tV/s501/a/2" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="2">(2) </num><content>the Administrator should set science priorities by following the guidance provided by the scientific community through the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine’s decadal surveys.</content></paragraph> </subsection> <subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff4b3e0d-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tV/s501/b" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="b">(b) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Policy</inline>.—</heading><content>It is the policy of the United States to ensure, to the extent practicable, a steady cadence of large, medium, and small science missions.</content></subsection> </section> <section id="d184391e4250" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tV/s502" style="-uslm-lc:I658143"><num class="fontsize12" value="502">SEC. 502. </num><sidenote><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff4b3e0e-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180"><ref href="/us/usc/t51/s20301">51 USC 20301 note</ref>.</p></sidenote><heading>PLANETARY SCIENCE.</heading><subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff4b8c2f-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tV/s502/a" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="a">(a) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Findings</inline>.—</heading><chapeau>Congress finds that—</chapeau><paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff4b8c30-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tV/s502/a/1" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="1">(1) </num><content>Administration support for planetary science is critical to enabling greater understanding of the solar system and the origin of the Earth;</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff4b8c31-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tV/s502/a/2" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="2">(2) </num><content>the United States leads the world in planetary science and can augment its success in that area with appropriate international, academic, and industry partnerships;</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff4b8c32-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tV/s502/a/3" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="3">(3) </num><content>a mix of small, medium, and large planetary science missions is required to sustain a steady cadence of planetary exploration; and</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff4b8c33-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tV/s502/a/4" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="4">(4) </num><content>robotic planetary exploration is a key component of preparing for future human exploration.</content></paragraph> </subsection> <subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff4b8c34-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tV/s502/b" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="b">(b) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Mission Priorities</inline>.—</heading><paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff4b8c35-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tV/s502/b/1" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="1">(1) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">In general</inline>.—</heading><content>In accordance with the priorities established in the most recent Planetary Science Decadal Survey, the Administrator shall ensure, to the greatest extent practicable, the completion of a balanced set of Discovery, New Frontiers, and Flagship missions at the cadence recommended by the most recent Planetary Science Decadal Survey.</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff4b8c36-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tV/s502/b/2" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="2">(2) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Mission priority adjustments</inline>.—</heading><content>Consistent with the set of missions described in paragraph (1), and while maintaining the continuity of scientific data and steady development of capabilities and technologies, the Administrator may seek, if necessary, adjustments to mission priorities, schedule, and scope in light of changing budget projections.</content></paragraph> </subsection> </section> <section id="d184391e4315" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tV/s503" style="-uslm-lc:I658143"><num class="fontsize12" value="503">SEC. 503. </num><heading>JAMES WEBB SPACE TELESCOPE.</heading><chapeau class="indentUp0 firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="xff4bda57-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658120">  It is the sense of Congress that—</chapeau><paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff4bda58-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tV/s503/1" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="1">(1) </num><chapeau>the James Webb Space Telescope will—</chapeau><subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff4bda59-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tV/s503/1/A" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="A">(A) </num><content>significantly advance our understanding of star and planet formation, and improve our knowledge of the early universe; and</content></subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff4bda5a-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tV/s503/1/B" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="B">(B) </num><content>support United States leadership in astrophysics;<page identifier="/us/stat/131/49">131 STAT. 49</page></content></subparagraph> </paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff4bda5b-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tV/s503/2" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="2">(2) </num><content>consistent with annual Government Accountability Office reviews of the James Webb Space Telescope program, the Administrator should continue robust surveillance of the performance of the James Webb Space Telescope project and continue to improve the reliability of cost estimates and contractor performance data and other major space flight projects in order to enhance NASA’s ability to successfully deliver the James Webb Space Telescope on-time and within budget;</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff4bda5c-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tV/s503/3" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="3">(3) </num><content>the on-time and on-budget delivery of the James Webb Space Telescope is a high congressional priority; and</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff4bda5d-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tV/s503/4" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="4">(4) </num><content>the Administrator should ensure that integrated testing is appropriately timed and sufficiently comprehensive to enable potential issues to be identified and addressed early enough to be handled within the James Webb Space Telescope’s development schedule and prior to its launch.</content></paragraph> </section> <section id="d184391e4355" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tV/s504" style="-uslm-lc:I658143"><num class="fontsize12" value="504">SEC. 504. </num><heading>WIDE-FIELD INFRARED SURVEY TELESCOPE.</heading><subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff4c016e-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tV/s504/a" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="a">(a) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Sense of Congress</inline>.—</heading><chapeau>It is the sense of Congress that—</chapeau><paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff4c016f-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tV/s504/a/1" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="1">(1) </num><content>the Wide-Field Infrared Survey Telescope (referred to in this section as “WFIRST”) mission has the potential to enable scientific discoveries that will transform our understanding of the universe; and</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff4c0170-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tV/s504/a/2" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="2">(2) </num><content>the Administrator, to the extent practicable, should make progress on the technologies and capabilities needed to position the Administration to meet the objectives, as outlined in the 2010 National Academies’ Astronomy and Astrophysics Decadal Survey, in a way that maximizes the scientific productivity of meeting those objectives for the resources invested.</content></paragraph> </subsection> <subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff4c0171-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tV/s504/b" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="b">(b) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Continuity of Development</inline>.—</heading><content>The Administrator shall ensure that the concept definition and pre-formulation activities of the WFIRST mission continue while the James Webb Space Telescope is being completed.</content></subsection> </section> <section id="d184391e4389" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tV/s505" style="-uslm-lc:I658143"><num class="fontsize12" value="505">SEC. 505. </num><heading>MARS 2020 ROVER.</heading><chapeau class="indentUp0 firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="xff4c4f92-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658120">  It is the sense of Congress that—</chapeau><paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff4c4f93-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tV/s505/1" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="1">(1) </num><content>the Mars 2020 mission, to develop a Mars rover and to enable the return of samples to Earth, should remain a priority for NASA; and</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff4c4f94-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tV/s505/2" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="2">(2) </num><chapeau>the Mars 2020 mission—</chapeau><subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff4c4f95-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tV/s505/2/A" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="A">(A) </num><content>should significantly increase our understanding of Mars;</content></subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff4c4f96-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tV/s505/2/B" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="B">(B) </num><content>should help determine whether life previously existed on that planet; and</content></subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff4c4f97-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tV/s505/2/C" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="C">(C) </num><content>should provide opportunities to gather knowledge and demonstrate technologies that address the challenges of future human expeditions to Mars.</content></subparagraph> </paragraph> </section> <section id="d184391e4421" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tV/s506" style="-uslm-lc:I658143"><num class="fontsize12" value="506">SEC. 506. </num><heading>EUROPA.</heading><subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff4c9db8-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tV/s506/a" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="a">(a) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Findings</inline>.—</heading><chapeau>Congress makes the following findings:</chapeau><paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff4c9db9-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tV/s506/a/1" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="1">(1) </num><content>Studies of Europa, Jupiter’s moon, indicate that Europa may provide a habitable environment, as it contains key ingredients known to support life.</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff4c9dba-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tV/s506/a/2" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="2">(2) </num><content>In 2012, using the Hubble Space Telescope, NASA scientists observed water vapor around the south polar region of Europa, which provides potential evidence of water plumes in that region.</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff4c9dbb-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tV/s506/a/3" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="3">(3) </num><content>For decades, the Europa mission has consistently ranked as a high priority mission for the scientific community.<page identifier="/us/stat/131/50">131 STAT. 50</page></content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff4c9dbc-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tV/s506/a/4" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="4">(4) </num><content>The Europa mission was ranked as the top priority mission in the previous Planetary Science Decadal Survey and ranked as the second-highest priority in the current Planetary Science Decadal Survey.</content></paragraph> </subsection> <subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff4c9dbd-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tV/s506/b" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="b">(b) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Sense of Congress</inline>.—</heading><chapeau>It is the sense of Congress that—</chapeau><paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff4c9dbe-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tV/s506/b/1" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="1">(1) </num><content>the Europa mission could provide another avenue in which to capitalize on our Nation’s current investment in the Space Launch System that would significantly reduce the transit time for such a deep space mission; and</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff4c9dbf-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tV/s506/b/2" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="2">(2) </num><content>a scientific, robotic exploration mission to Europa, as prioritized in both Planetary Science Decadal Surveys, should be supported.</content></paragraph> </subsection> </section> <section id="d184391e4477" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tV/s507" role="instruction" style="-uslm-lc:I658143"><num class="fontsize12" value="507">SEC. 507. </num><heading>CONGRESSIONAL DECLARATION OF POLICY AND PURPOSE.</heading><content class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="xff4c9dc0-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658120">  <ref href="/us/usc/t51/s20102/d">Section 20102(d) of title 51, United States Code</ref>, <amendingAction type="amend">is amended</amendingAction> by <amendingAction type="add">adding</amendingAction> at the end the following:<quotedContent><paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff4c9dc1-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="10">“(10) </num><content>The search for life’s origin, evolution, distribution, and future in the universe.”</content></paragraph> </quotedContent>.</content></section> <section id="d184391e4501" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tV/s508" style="-uslm-lc:I658143"><num class="fontsize12" value="508">SEC. 508. </num><sidenote><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff4c9dc2-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180"><ref href="/us/usc/t51/s20301">51 USC 20301 note</ref>.</p></sidenote><heading>EXTRASOLAR PLANET EXPLORATION STRATEGY.</heading><subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff4d11f3-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tV/s508/a" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="a">(a) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Strategy</inline>.—</heading><paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff4d11f4-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tV/s508/a/1" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="1">(1) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">In general</inline>.—</heading><content>The Administrator shall enter into an arrangement with the National Academies to develop a science strategy for the study and exploration of extrasolar planets, including the use of the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite, the James Webb Space Telescope, a potential Wide-Field Infrared Survey Telescope mission, or any other telescope, spacecraft, or instrument, as appropriate.</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff4d11f5-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tV/s508/a/2" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="2">(2) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Requirements</inline>.—</heading><chapeau>The strategy shall—</chapeau><subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff4d11f6-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tV/s508/a/2/A" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="A">(A) </num><content>outline key scientific questions;</content></subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff4d11f7-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tV/s508/a/2/B" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="B">(B) </num><content>identify the most promising research in the field;</content></subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff4d11f8-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tV/s508/a/2/C" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="C">(C) </num><content>indicate the extent to which the mission priorities in existing decadal surveys address the key extrasolar planet research and exploration goals;</content></subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff4d11f9-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tV/s508/a/2/D" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="D">(D) </num><content>identify opportunities for coordination with international partners, commercial partners, and not-for-profit partners; and</content></subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff4d11fa-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tV/s508/a/2/E" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="E">(E) </num><sidenote><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff4d11fb-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">Recommenda-</p><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff4d11fc-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">tions.</p></sidenote><content>make recommendations regarding the activities under subparagraphs (A) through (D), as appropriate.</content></subparagraph> </paragraph> </subsection> <subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff4d11fd-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tV/s508/b" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="b">(b) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Use of Strategy</inline>.—</heading><chapeau>The Administrator shall use the strategy—</chapeau><paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff4d11fe-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tV/s508/b/1" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="1">(1) </num><content>to inform roadmaps, strategic plans, and other activities of the Administration as they relate to extrasolar planet research and exploration; and</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff4d11ff-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tV/s508/b/2" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="2">(2) </num><content>to provide a foundation for future activities and initiatives related to extrasolar planet research and exploration.</content></paragraph> </subsection> <subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff4d1200-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tV/s508/c" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="c">(c) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Report to Congress</inline>.—</heading><content>Not later than 18 months after the date of enactment of this Act, the National Academies shall submit to the Administrator and to the appropriate committees of Congress a report containing the strategy developed under subsection (a).</content></subsection> </section> <section id="d184391e4596" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tV/s509" style="-uslm-lc:I658143"><num class="fontsize12" value="509">SEC. 509. </num><sidenote><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff4d3911-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180"><ref href="/us/usc/t51/s20301">51 USC 20301 note</ref>.</p></sidenote><heading>ASTROBIOLOGY STRATEGY.</heading><subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff4d6022-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tV/s509/a" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="a">(a) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Strategy</inline>.—</heading><paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff4d6023-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tV/s509/a/1" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="1">(1) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">In general</inline>.—</heading><content>The Administrator shall enter into an arrangement with the National Academies to develop a science strategy for astrobiology that would outline key scientific questions, identify the most promising research in the field, and <page identifier="/us/stat/131/51">131 STAT. 51</page> indicate the extent to which the mission priorities in existing decadal surveys address the search for life’s origin, evolution, distribution, and future in the Universe.</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff4d6024-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tV/s509/a/2" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="2">(2) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Recommendations</inline>.—</heading><content>The strategy shall include recommendations for coordination with international partners.</content></paragraph> </subsection> <subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff4d6025-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tV/s509/b" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="b">(b) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Use of Strategy</inline>.—</heading><content>The Administrator shall use the strategy developed under subsection (a) in planning and funding research and other activities and initiatives in the field of astrobiology.</content></subsection> <subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff4d6026-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tV/s509/c" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="c">(c) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Report to Congress</inline>.—</heading><content>Not later than 18 months after the date of enactment of this Act, the National Academies shall submit to the Administrator and to the appropriate committees of Congress a report containing the strategy developed under subsection (a).</content></subsection> </section> <section id="d184391e4654" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tV/s510" style="-uslm-lc:I658143"><num class="fontsize12" value="510">SEC. 510. </num><sidenote><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff4d6027-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">Deadline.</p><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff4d6028-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">Reports.</p></sidenote><heading>ASTROBIOLOGY PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS.</heading><content style="-uslm-lc:I658120">  Not later than 180 days after the date of enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall submit to the appropriate committees of Congress a report describing how the Administration can expand collaborative partnerships to study life’s origin, evolution, distribution, and future in the universe.</content></section> <section id="d184391e4667" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tV/s511" role="instruction" style="-uslm-lc:I658143"><num class="fontsize12" value="511">SEC. 511. </num><heading>NEAR-EARTH OBJECTS.</heading><content class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="xff4d8739-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658120">  Section 321 of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2005<sidenote><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff4d873a-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180"><ref href="/us/usc/t51/s71101">51 USC 71101 note</ref> prec.</p></sidenote> (<ref href="/us/usc/t51">51 U.S.C. note</ref> prec. 71101) <amendingAction type="amend">is amended</amendingAction> by <amendingAction type="add">adding</amendingAction> at the end the following:<quotedContent><subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff4dd55b-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="e">“(e) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Program Report</inline>.—</heading><chapeau>The Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy and the Administrator shall submit to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate and the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the House of Representatives, not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Transition Authorization Act of 2017, an initial report that provides—</chapeau><paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff4dd55c-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="1">“(1) </num><sidenote><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff4dd55d-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">Recommenda-</p><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff4dd55e-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">tions.</p></sidenote><content>recommendations for carrying out the Survey program and an associated proposed budget;</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff4dd55f-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="2">“(2) </num><sidenote><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff4dd560-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">Analysis.</p><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff4dd561-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">Strategy.</p></sidenote><content>an analysis of possible options that the Administration could employ to divert an object on a likely collision course with Earth; and</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff4dd562-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="3">“(3) </num><content>a description of the status of efforts to coordinate and cooperate with other countries to discover hazardous asteroids and comets, plan a mitigation strategy, and implement that strategy in the event of the discovery of an object on a likely collision course with Earth.</content></paragraph> </subsection> <subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff4dd563-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="f">“(f) </num><sidenote><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff4dd564-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">Summaries.</p></sidenote><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Annual Reports</inline>.—</heading><chapeau>After the initial report under subsection (e), the Administrator shall annually transmit to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate and the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the House of Representatives a report that includes—</chapeau><paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff4dd565-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="1">“(1) </num><content>a summary of all activities carried out under subsection (d) since the date of enactment of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Transition Authorization Act of 2017, including the progress toward achieving 90 percent completion of the survey described in subsection (d); and</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff4dd566-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="2">“(2) </num><content>a summary of expenditures for all activities carried out under subsection (d) since the date of enactment of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Transition Authorization Act of 2017.<page identifier="/us/stat/131/52">131 STAT. 52</page></content></paragraph> </subsection> <subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff4dd567-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="g">“(g) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Assessment</inline>.—</heading><chapeau>The Administrator, in collaboration with other relevant Federal agencies, shall carry out a technical and scientific assessment of the capabilities and resources—</chapeau><paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff4dd568-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="1">“(1) </num><content>to accelerate the survey described in subsection (d); and</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff4dd569-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="2">“(2) </num><content>to expand the Administration’s Near-Earth Object Program to include the detection, tracking, cataloguing, and characterization of potentially hazardous near-Earth objects less than 140 meters in diameter.</content></paragraph> </subsection> <subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff4dd56a-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="h">“(h) </num><sidenote><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff4dd56b-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">Deadline.</p></sidenote><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Transmittal</inline>.—</heading><content>Not later than 270 days after the date of enactment of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Transition Authorization Act of 2017, the Administrator shall transmit the results of the assessment under subsection (g) to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate and the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the House of Representatives.”</content></subsection> </quotedContent>.</content></section> <section id="d184391e4782" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tV/s512" style="-uslm-lc:I658143"><num class="fontsize12" value="512">SEC. 512. </num><heading>NEAR-EARTH OBJECTS PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS.</heading><subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff4dfc7c-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tV/s512/a" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="a">(a) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Sense of Congress</inline>.—</heading><content>It is the sense of Congress that the Administration should seek to leverage the capabilities of the private sector and philanthropic organizations to the maximum extent practicable in carrying out the Near-Earth Object Survey Program in order to meet the goal of that program under section 321(d)(1) of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2005 (<ref href="/us/usc/t51">51 U.S.C. note</ref> prec. 71101(d)(1)).</content></subsection> <subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff4dfc7d-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tV/s512/b" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="b">(b) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Report</inline>.—</heading><content>Not later than 180 days after the date of enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall submit to the appropriate committees of Congress a report describing how the Administration can expand collaborative partnerships to detect, track, catalogue, and categorize near-Earth objects.</content></subsection> </section> <section id="d184391e4809" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tV/s513" role="instruction" style="-uslm-lc:I658143"><num class="fontsize12" value="513">SEC. 513. </num><heading>ASSESSMENT OF SCIENCE MISSION EXTENSIONS.</heading><content class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="xff4e238e-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658120">  <ref href="/us/usc/t51/s30504">Section 30504 of title 51, United States Code</ref>, <amendingAction type="amend">is amended</amendingAction> to read as follows:<quotedContent><section class="centered fontsize12" id="yff4e4a9f-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658165"><num class="fontsize12" value="30504">“§ 30504.</num><heading class="fontsize12"> Assessment of science mission extensions</heading><subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff4e4aa0-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="a">“(a) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Assessments</inline>.—</heading><paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff4e4aa1-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="1">“(1) </num><sidenote><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff4e4aa2-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">Deadline.</p><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff4e4aa3-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">Reviews.</p></sidenote><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">In general</inline>.—</heading><content>The Administrator shall carry out triennial reviews within each of the Science divisions to assess the cost and benefits of extending the date of the termination of data collection for those missions that exceed their planned missions’ lifetime.</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff4e4aa4-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="2">“(2) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Considerations</inline>.—</heading><content>In conducting an assessment under paragraph (1), the Administrator shall consider whether and how extending missions impacts the start of future missions.</content></paragraph> </subsection> <subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff4e4aa5-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="b">“(b) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Consultation and Consideration of Potential Benefits of Instruments on Missions</inline>.—</heading><chapeau>When deciding whether to extend a mission that has an operational component, the Administrator shall—</chapeau><paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff4e4aa6-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="1">“(1) </num><content>consult with any affected Federal agency; and</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff4e4aa7-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="2">“(2) </num><content>take into account the potential benefits of instruments on missions that are beyond their planned mission lifetime.</content></paragraph> </subsection> <subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff4e4aa8-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="c">“(c) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Reports</inline>.—</heading><content>The Administrator shall submit to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate and the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the House of Representatives, at the same time as the submission to Congress of the Administration’s annual budget request for each fiscal year, <page identifier="/us/stat/131/53">131 STAT. 53</page> a report detailing any assessment under subsection (a) that was carried out during the previous year.”</content></subsection> </section> </quotedContent>.</content></section> <section id="d184391e4894" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tV/s514" style="-uslm-lc:I658143"><num class="fontsize12" value="514">SEC. 514. </num><sidenote><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff4e4aa9-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">Termination date.</p></sidenote><heading>STRATOSPHERIC OBSERVATORY FOR INFRARED ASTRONOMY.</heading><content style="-uslm-lc:I658120">  The Administrator may not terminate science operations of the Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy before December 31, 2017.</content></section> <section id="d184391e4904" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tV/s515" style="-uslm-lc:I658143"><num class="fontsize12" value="515">SEC. 515. </num><heading>RADIOISOTOPE POWER SYSTEMS.</heading><subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff4f0dfa-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tV/s515/a" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="a">(a) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Sense of Congress</inline>.—</heading><chapeau>It is the sense of Congress that—</chapeau><paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff4f0dfb-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tV/s515/a/1" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="1">(1) </num><content>exploration of the outer reaches of the solar system is enabled by radioisotope power systems;</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff4f0dfc-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tV/s515/a/2" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="2">(2) </num><content>establishing continuity in the production of the material needed for radioisotope power systems is essential to maintaining the availability of such systems for future deep space exploration missions; and</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff4f0dfd-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tV/s515/a/3" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="3">(3) </num><content>Federal agencies supporting the Administration through the production of such material should do so in a cost effective manner so as not to impose excessive reimbursement requirements on the Administration.</content></paragraph> </subsection> <subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff4f0dfe-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tV/s515/b" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="b">(b) </num><sidenote><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff4f0dff-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">Consultation.</p></sidenote><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Analysis of Requirements and Risks</inline>.—</heading><chapeau>The Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy and the Administrator, in consultation with the heads of other Federal agencies, shall conduct an analysis of—</chapeau><paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff4f0e00-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tV/s515/b/1" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="1">(1) </num><content>the requirements of the Administration for radioisotope power system material that is needed to carry out planned, high priority robotic missions in the solar system and other surface exploration activities beyond low-Earth orbit; and</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff4f0e01-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tV/s515/b/2" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="2">(2) </num><content>the risks to missions of the Administration in meeting those requirements, or any additional requirements, due to a lack of adequate radioisotope power system material.</content></paragraph> </subsection> <subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff4f0e02-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tV/s515/c" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="c">(c) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Contents of Analysis</inline>.—</heading><chapeau>The analysis conducted under subsection (b) shall—</chapeau><paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff4f0e03-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tV/s515/c/1" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="1">(1) </num><content>detail the Administration’s current projected mission requirements and associated timeframes for radioisotope power system material;</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff4f0e04-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tV/s515/c/2" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="2">(2) </num><chapeau>explain the assumptions used to determine the Administration’s requirements for the material, including—</chapeau><subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff4f0e05-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tV/s515/c/2/A" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="A">(A) </num><content>the planned use of advanced thermal conversion technology such as advanced thermocouples and Stirling generators and converters; and</content></subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff4f0e06-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tV/s515/c/2/B" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="B">(B) </num><content>the risks and implications of, and contingencies for, any delays or unanticipated technical challenges affecting or related to the Administration’s mission plans for the anticipated use of advanced thermal conversion technology;</content></subparagraph> </paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff4f0e07-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tV/s515/c/3" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="3">(3) </num><sidenote><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff4f0e08-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">Assessment.</p></sidenote><content>assess the risk to the Administration’s programs of any potential delays in achieving the schedule and milestones for planned domestic production of radioisotope power system material;</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff4f0e09-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tV/s515/c/4" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="4">(4) </num><content>outline a process for meeting any additional Administration requirements for the material;</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff4f0e0a-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tV/s515/c/5" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="5">(5) </num><sidenote><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff4f0e0b-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">Cost estimate.</p></sidenote><content>estimate the incremental costs required to increase the amount of material produced each year, if such an increase is needed to support additional Administration requirements for the material;<page identifier="/us/stat/131/54">131 STAT. 54</page></content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff4f0e0c-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tV/s515/c/6" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="6">(6) </num><content>detail how the Administration and other Federal agencies will manage, operate, and fund production facilities and the design and development of all radioisotope power systems used by the Administration and other Federal agencies as necessary;</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff4f0e0d-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tV/s515/c/7" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="7">(7) </num><sidenote><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff4f0e0e-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">Consultation.</p><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff4f0e0f-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">Reimbursements.</p></sidenote><content>specify the steps the Administration will take, in consultation with the Department of Energy, to preserve the infrastructure and workforce necessary for production of radioisotope power systems and ensure that its reimbursements to the Department of Energy associated with such preservation are equitable and justified; and</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff4f0e10-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tV/s515/c/8" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="8">(8) </num><content>detail how the Administration has implemented or rejected the recommendations from the National Research Council’s 2009 report titled “Radioisotope Power Systems: An Imperative for Maintaining U.S. Leadership in Space Exploration.”</content></paragraph> </subsection> <subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff4f0e11-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tV/s515/d" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="d">(d) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Report to Congress</inline>.—</heading><content>Not later than 180 days after the date of enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall submit the results of the analysis to the appropriate committees of Congress.</content></subsection> </section> <section id="d184391e5038" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tV/s516" style="-uslm-lc:I658143"><num class="fontsize12" value="516">SEC. 516. </num><heading>ASSESSMENT OF MARS ARCHITECTURE.</heading><subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff4f5c32-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tV/s516/a" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="a">(a) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Assessment</inline>.—</heading><chapeau>The Administrator shall enter into an arrangement with the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine to assess—</chapeau><paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff4f5c33-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tV/s516/a/1" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="1">(1) </num><content>the Administration’s Mars exploration architecture and its responsiveness to the strategies, priorities, and guidelines put forward by the National Academies’ planetary science decadal surveys and other relevant National Academies Mars-related reports;</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff4f5c34-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tV/s516/a/2" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="2">(2) </num><content>the long-term goals of the Administration’s Mars Exploration Program and such program’s ability to optimize the science return, given the current fiscal posture of the program;</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff4f5c35-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tV/s516/a/3" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="3">(3) </num><content>the Mars exploration architecture’s relationship to Mars-related activities to be undertaken by foreign agencies and organizations; and</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff4f5c36-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tV/s516/a/4" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="4">(4) </num><content>the extent to which the Mars exploration architecture represents a reasonably balanced mission portfolio.</content></paragraph> </subsection> <subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff4f5c37-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tV/s516/b" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="b">(b) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Report to Congress</inline>.—</heading><content>Not later than 18 months after the date of enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall submit the results of the assessment to the appropriate committees of Congress.</content></subsection> </section> <section id="d184391e5082" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tV/s517" style="-uslm-lc:I658143"><num class="fontsize12" value="517">SEC. 517. </num><heading>COLLABORATION.</heading><content style="-uslm-lc:I658120">  The Administration shall continue to develop first-of-a-kind instruments that, once proved, can be transitioned to other agencies for operations. Whenever responsibilities for the development of sensors or for measurements are transferred to the Administration from another agency, the Administration shall seek, to the extent possible, to be reimbursed for the assumption of such responsibilities.</content></section> <num value="VI">TITLE VI—</num><heading>AERONAUTICS</heading> <section id="d184391e5095" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVI/s601" style="-uslm-lc:I658143"><num class="fontsize12" value="601">SEC. 601. </num><sidenote><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff4f5c38-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">Reimbursement.</p><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff4f8349-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180"><ref href="/us/usc/t51/s20113">51 USC 20113 note</ref>.</p></sidenote><heading>SENSE OF CONGRESS ON AERONAUTICS.</heading><chapeau class="indentUp0 firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="xff4faa5a-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658120">  It is the sense of Congress that—</chapeau><paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff4faa5b-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVI/s601/1" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="1">(1) </num><content>a robust aeronautics research portfolio will help maintain the United States status as a leader in aviation, enhance <page identifier="/us/stat/131/55">131 STAT. 55</page> the competitiveness of the United States in the world economy, and improve the quality of life of all citizens;</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff4faa5c-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVI/s601/2" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="2">(2) </num><content>aeronautics research is essential to the Administration’s mission, continues to be an important core element of the Administration’s mission, and should be supported;</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff4faa5d-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVI/s601/3" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="3">(3) </num><content>the Administrator should coordinate and consult with relevant Federal agencies and the private sector to minimize duplication of efforts and leverage resources; and</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff4faa5e-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVI/s601/4" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="4">(4) </num><content>carrying aeronautics research to a level of maturity that allows the Administration’s research results to be transferred to the users, whether private or public sector, is critical to their eventual adoption.</content></paragraph> </section> <section id="d184391e5133" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVI/s602" style="-uslm-lc:I658143"><num class="fontsize12" value="602">SEC. 602. </num><heading>TRANSFORMATIVE AERONAUTICS RESEARCH.</heading><content style="-uslm-lc:I658120">  It is the sense of Congress that the Administrator should look strategically into the future and ensure that the Administration’s Center personnel are at the leading edge of aeronautics research by encouraging investigations into the early-stage advancement of new processes, novel concepts, and innovative technologies that have the potential to meet national aeronautics needs.</content></section> <section id="d184391e5140" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVI/s603" style="-uslm-lc:I658143"><num class="fontsize12" value="603">SEC. 603. </num><heading>HYPERSONIC RESEARCH.</heading><subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff4fd16f-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVI/s603/a" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="a">(a) </num><sidenote><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff4fd170-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">Deadline.</p><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff4fd171-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">Consultation.</p></sidenote><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Roadmap for Hypersonic Research</inline>.—</heading><content>Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act, the Administrator, in consultation with the heads of other relevant Federal agencies, shall develop and submit to the appropriate committees of Congress a research and development roadmap for hypersonic aircraft research.</content></subsection> <subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff4fd172-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVI/s603/b" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="b">(b) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Objective</inline>.—</heading><content>The objective of the roadmap is to explore hypersonic science and technology using air-breathing propulsion concepts, through a mix of theoretical work, basic and applied research, and development of flight research demonstration vehicles.</content></subsection> <subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff4fd173-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVI/s603/c" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="c">(c) </num><sidenote><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff4fd174-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">Recommenda-</p><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff4fd175-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">tions.</p></sidenote><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Contents</inline>.—</heading><content>The roadmap shall recommend appropriate Federal agency contributions, coordination efforts, and technology milestones.</content></subsection> </section> <section id="d184391e5182" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVI/s604" style="-uslm-lc:I658143"><num class="fontsize12" value="604">SEC. 604. </num><heading>SUPERSONIC RESEARCH.</heading><subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff5046a6-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVI/s604/a" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="a">(a) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Findings</inline>.—</heading><chapeau>Congress finds that—</chapeau><paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff5046a7-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVI/s604/a/1" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="1">(1) </num><content>the ability to fly commercial aircraft over land at supersonic speeds without adverse impacts on the environment or on local communities could open new global markets and enable new transportation capabilities; and</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff5046a8-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVI/s604/a/2" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="2">(2) </num><content>continuing the Administration’s research program is necessary to assess the impact in a relevant environment of commercial supersonic flight operations and provide the basis for establishing appropriate sonic boom standards for such flight operations.</content></paragraph> </subsection> <subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff5046a9-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVI/s604/b" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="b">(b) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Roadmap for Supersonic Research</inline>.—</heading><paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff5046aa-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVI/s604/b/1" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="1">(1) </num><sidenote><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff5046ab-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">Deadline.</p></sidenote><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">In general</inline>.—</heading><content>Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall develop and submit to the appropriate committees of Congress a roadmap that allows for flexible funding profiles for supersonic aeronautics research and development.</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff5046ac-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVI/s604/b/2" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="2">(2) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Objective</inline>.—</heading><content>The objective of the roadmap is to develop and demonstrate, in a relevant environment, airframe and propulsion technologies to minimize the environmental impact, including noise, of supersonic overland flight in an efficient and economical manner.<page identifier="/us/stat/131/56">131 STAT. 56</page></content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff5046ad-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVI/s604/b/3" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="3">(3) </num><sidenote><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff5046ae-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">Plans.</p></sidenote><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Contents</inline>.—</heading><chapeau>The roadmap shall include—</chapeau><subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff5046af-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVI/s604/b/3/A" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="A">(A) </num><content>the baseline research as embodied by the Administration’s existing research on supersonic flight;</content></subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff5046b0-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVI/s604/b/3/B" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="B">(B) </num><sidenote><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff5046b1-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">Lists.</p></sidenote><content>a list of specific technological, environmental, and other challenges that must be overcome to minimize the environmental impact, including noise, of supersonic overland flight;</content></subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff5046b2-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVI/s604/b/3/C" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="C">(C) </num><content>a research plan to address the challenges under subparagraph (B), including a project timeline for accomplishing relevant research goals;</content></subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff5046b3-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVI/s604/b/3/D" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="D">(D) </num><content>a plan for coordination with stakeholders, including relevant government agencies and industry; and</content></subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff5046b4-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVI/s604/b/3/E" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="E">(E) </num><content>a plan for how the Administration will ensure that sonic boom research is coordinated as appropriate with relevant Federal agencies.</content></subparagraph> </paragraph> </subsection> </section> <section id="d184391e5280" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVI/s605" style="-uslm-lc:I658143"><num class="fontsize12" value="605">SEC. 605. </num><heading>ROTORCRAFT RESEARCH.</heading><subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff506dc5-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVI/s605/a" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="a">(a) </num><sidenote><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff506dc6-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">Deadline.</p><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff506dc7-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">Consultation.</p></sidenote><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Roadmap for Rotorcraft Research</inline>.—</heading><content>Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act, the Administrator, in consultation with the heads of other relevant Federal agencies, shall prepare and submit to the appropriate committees of Congress a roadmap for research relating to rotorcraft and other runway-independent air vehicles.</content></subsection> <subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff506dc8-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVI/s605/b" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="b">(b) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Objective</inline>.—</heading><content>The objective of the roadmap is to develop and demonstrate improved safety, noise, and environmental impact in a relevant environment.</content></subsection> <subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff506dc9-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVI/s605/c" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="c">(c) </num><sidenote><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff506dca-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">Timeline.</p><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff506dcb-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">Guidelines.</p></sidenote><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Contents</inline>.—</heading><content>The roadmap shall include specific goals for the research, a timeline for implementation, metrics for success, and guidelines for collaboration and coordination with industry and other Federal agencies.</content></subsection> </section> <num value="VII">TITLE VII—</num><heading>SPACE TECHNOLOGY</heading> <section id="d184391e5328" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVII/s701" style="-uslm-lc:I658143"><num class="fontsize12" value="701">SEC. 701. </num><sidenote><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff506dcc-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180"><ref href="/us/usc/t51/s20301">51 USC 20301 note</ref>.</p></sidenote><heading>SPACE TECHNOLOGY INFUSION.</heading><subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff51582d-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVII/s701/a" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="a">(a) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Sense of Congress on Space Technology</inline>.—</heading><chapeau>It is the sense of Congress that space technology is critical—</chapeau><paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff51582e-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVII/s701/a/1" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="1">(1) </num><content>to developing technologies and capabilities that will make the Administration’s core missions more affordable and more reliable;</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff51582f-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVII/s701/a/2" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="2">(2) </num><content>to enabling a new class of Administration missions beyond low-Earth orbit; and</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff515830-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVII/s701/a/3" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="3">(3) </num><content>to improving technological capabilities and promote innovation for the Administration and the Nation.</content></paragraph> </subsection> <subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff515831-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVII/s701/b" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="b">(b) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Sense of Congress on Propulsion Technology</inline>.—</heading><content>It is the sense of Congress that advancing propulsion technology would improve the efficiency of trips to Mars and could shorten travel time to Mars, reduce astronaut health risks, and reduce radiation exposure, consumables, and mass of materials required for the journey.</content></subsection> <subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff515832-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVII/s701/c" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="c">(c) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Policy</inline>.—</heading><content>It is the policy of the United States that the Administrator shall develop technologies to support the Administration’s core missions, as described in section 2(3) of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2010 (<ref href="/us/usc/t42/s18301/3">42 U.S.C. 18301(3)</ref>), and support sustained investments in early stage innovation, fundamental research, and technologies to expand the boundaries of the national aerospace enterprise.<page identifier="/us/stat/131/57">131 STAT. 57</page></content></subsection> <subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff515833-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVII/s701/d" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="d">(d) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Propulsion Technologies</inline>.—</heading><content>A goal of propulsion technologies developed under subsection (c) shall be to significantly reduce human travel time to Mars.</content></subsection> </section> <section id="d184391e5395" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVII/s702" style="-uslm-lc:I658143"><num class="fontsize12" value="702">SEC. 702. </num><sidenote><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff515834-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180"><ref href="/us/usc/t51/s20301">51 USC 20301 note</ref>.</p></sidenote><heading>SPACE TECHNOLOGY PROGRAM.</heading><subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff521b85-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVII/s702/a" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="a">(a) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Space Technology Program Authorized</inline>.—</heading><content>The Administrator shall conduct a space technology program (referred to in this section as the “Program”) to research and develop advanced space technologies that could deliver innovative solutions across the Administration’s space exploration and science missions.</content></subsection> <subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff521b86-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVII/s702/b" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="b">(b) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Considerations</inline>.—</heading><chapeau>In conducting the Program, the Administrator shall consider—</chapeau><paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff521b87-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVII/s702/b/1" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="1">(1) </num><content>the recommendations of the National Academies’ review of the Administration’s Space Technology roadmaps and priorities; and</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff521b88-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVII/s702/b/2" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="2">(2) </num><content>the applicable enabling aspects of the stepping stone approach to exploration under <ref href="/us/usc/t51/s70504">section 70504 of title 51, United States Code</ref>.</content></paragraph> </subsection> <subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff521b89-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVII/s702/c" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="c">(c) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Requirements</inline>.—</heading><chapeau>In conducting the Program, the Administrator shall—</chapeau><paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff521b8a-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVII/s702/c/1" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="1">(1) </num><content>to the extent practicable, use a competitive process to select research and development projects;</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff52429b-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVII/s702/c/2" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="2">(2) </num><content>to the extent practicable and appropriate, use small satellites and the Administration’s suborbital and ground-based platforms to demonstrate space technology concepts and developments; and</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff52429c-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVII/s702/c/3" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="3">(3) </num><content>as appropriate, partner with other Federal agencies, universities, private industry, and foreign countries.</content></paragraph> </subsection> <subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff52429d-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVII/s702/d" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="d">(d) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Small Business Programs</inline>.—</heading><content>The Administrator shall organize and manage the Administration’s Small Business Innovation Research Program and Small Business Technology Transfer Program within the Program.</content></subsection> <subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff52429e-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVII/s702/e" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="e">(e) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Nonduplication Certification</inline>.—</heading><content>The Administrator shall submit a budget for each fiscal year, as transmitted to Congress under <ref href="/us/usc/t31/s1105/a">section 1105(a) of title 31, United States Code</ref>, that avoids duplication of projects, programs, or missions conducted by Program with other projects, programs, or missions conducted by another office or directorate of the Administration.</content></subsection> <subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff52429f-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVII/s702/f" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="f">(f) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Collaboration, Coordination, and Alignment</inline>.—</heading><paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff5242a0-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVII/s702/f/1" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="1">(1) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">In general</inline>.—</heading><chapeau>The Administrator shall—</chapeau><subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff5242a1-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVII/s702/f/1/A" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="A">(A) </num><content>ensure that the Administration’s projects, programs, and activities in support of technology research and development of advanced space technologies are fully coordinated and aligned;</content></subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff5242a2-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVII/s702/f/1/B" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="B">(B) </num><content>ensure that the results the projects, programs, and activities under subparagraph (A) are shared and leveraged within the Administration; and</content></subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff5242a3-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVII/s702/f/1/C" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="C">(C) </num><content>ensure that the organizational responsibility for research and development activities in support of human space exploration not initiated as of the date of enactment of this Act is established on the basis of a sound rationale.</content></subparagraph> </paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff5242a4-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVII/s702/f/2" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="2">(2) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Sense of congress</inline>.—</heading><content>It is the sense of Congress that projects, programs, and missions being conducted by the Human Exploration and Operations Mission Directorate in support of research and development of advanced space technologies and systems focusing on human space exploration should continue in that Directorate.<page identifier="/us/stat/131/58">131 STAT. 58</page></content></paragraph> </subsection> <subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff5242a5-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVII/s702/g" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="g">(g) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Report</inline>.—</heading><chapeau>Not later than 180 days after the date of enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall provide to the appropriate committees of Congress a report—</chapeau><paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff5242a6-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVII/s702/g/1" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="1">(1) </num><content>comparing the Administration’s space technology investments with the high-priority technology areas identified by the National Academies in the National Research Council’s report on the Administration’s Space Technology Roadmaps; and</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff5242a7-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVII/s702/g/2" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="2">(2) </num><chapeau>including—</chapeau><subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff5242a8-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVII/s702/g/2/A" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="A">(A) </num><content>identification of how the Administration will address any gaps between the agency’s investments and the recommended technology areas, including a projection of funding requirements; and</content></subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff5242a9-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVII/s702/g/2/B" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="B">(B) </num><content>identification of the rationale described in subsection (f)(1)(C).</content></subparagraph> </paragraph> </subsection> <subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff5242aa-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVII/s702/h" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="h">(h) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Annual Report</inline>.—</heading><content>The Administrator shall include in the Administration’s annual budget request for each fiscal year the rationale for assigning organizational responsibility for, in the year prior to the budget fiscal year, each initiated project, program, and mission focused on research and development of advanced technologies for human space exploration.</content></subsection> </section> <num value="VIII">TITLE VIII—</num><heading>MAXIMIZING EFFICIENCY</heading> <subtitle id="d184391e5573" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stA" style="-uslm-lc:I658178"><num value="A">Subtitle A—</num><heading>Agency Information Technology and Cybersecurity</heading> <section id="d184391e5578" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stA/s811" style="-uslm-lc:I658143"><num class="fontsize12" value="811">SEC. 811. </num><sidenote><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff5242ab-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180"><ref href="/us/usc/t51/s20111">51 USC 20111 note</ref>.</p></sidenote><heading>INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY GOVERNANCE.</heading><subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff52deec-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stA/s811/a" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="a">(a) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">In General</inline>.—</heading><chapeau>The Administrator shall, in a manner that reflects the unique nature of NASA’s mission and expertise—</chapeau><paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff52deed-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stA/s811/a/1" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="1">(1) </num><content>ensure the NASA Chief Information Officer, Mission Directorates, and Centers have appropriate roles in the management, governance, and oversight processes related to information technology operations and investments and information security programs for the protection of NASA systems;</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff52deee-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stA/s811/a/2" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="2">(2) </num><content>ensure the NASA Chief Information Officer has the appropriate resources and insight to oversee NASA information technology and information security operations and investments;</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff52deef-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stA/s811/a/3" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="3">(3) </num><content>provide an information technology program management framework to increase the efficiency and effectiveness of information technology investments, including relying on metrics for identifying and reducing potential duplication, waste, and cost;</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff52def0-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stA/s811/a/4" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="4">(4) </num><content>improve the operational linkage between the NASA Chief Information Officer and each NASA mission directorate, center, and mission support office to ensure both agency and mission needs are considered in agency-wide information technology and information security management and oversight;</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff52def1-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stA/s811/a/5" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="5">(5) </num><sidenote><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff52def2-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">Review.</p></sidenote><content>review the portfolio of information technology investments and spending, including information technology-related investments included as part of activities within NASA mission directorates that may not be considered information technology, <page identifier="/us/stat/131/59">131 STAT. 59</page> to ensure investments are recognized and reported appropriately based on guidance from the Office of Management and Budget;</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff52def3-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stA/s811/a/6" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="6">(6) </num><content>consider appropriate revisions to the charters of information technology boards and councils that inform information technology investment and operation decisions; and</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff52def4-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stA/s811/a/7" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="7">(7) </num><content>consider whether the NASA Chief Information Officer should have a seat on any boards or councils described in paragraph (6).</content></paragraph> </subsection> <subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff52def5-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stA/s811/b" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="b">(b) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">GAO Study</inline>.—</heading><paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff52def6-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stA/s811/b/1" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="1">(1) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Study</inline>.—</heading><content>The Comptroller General of the United States shall conduct a study of the effectiveness of the Administration’s Information Technology Governance in ensuring information technology resources are aligned with agency missions and are cost effective and secure.</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff52def7-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stA/s811/b/2" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="2">(2) </num><sidenote><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff52def8-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">Assessment.</p></sidenote><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Contents</inline>.—</heading><chapeau>The study shall include an assessment of—</chapeau><subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff52def9-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stA/s811/b/2/A" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="A">(A) </num><content>the resources available for overseeing Administration-wide information technology operations, investments, and security measures and the NASA Chief Information Officer’s visibility and involvement into information technology oversight and access to those resources;</content></subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff52defa-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stA/s811/b/2/B" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="B">(B) </num><content>the effectiveness and challenges of the Administration’s information technology structure, decision making processes and authorities, including impacts on its ability to implement information security; and</content></subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff52defb-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stA/s811/b/2/C" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="C">(C) </num><content>the impact of NASA Chief Information Officer approval authority over information technology investments that exceed a defined monetary threshold, including any potential impacts of such authority on the Administration’s missions, flights programs and projects, research activities, and Center operations.</content></subparagraph> </paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff52defc-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stA/s811/b/3" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="3">(3) </num><sidenote><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff52defd-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">Recommenda-</p><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff52defe-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">tions.</p></sidenote><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Report</inline>.—</heading><content>Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act, the Comptroller General shall submit to the appropriate committees of Congress a report detailing the results of the study under paragraph (1), including any recommendations.</content></paragraph> </subsection> </section> <section id="d184391e5698" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stA/s812" style="-uslm-lc:I658143"><num class="fontsize12" value="812">SEC. 812. </num><sidenote><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff52deff-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180"><ref href="/us/usc/t51/s20111">51 USC 20111 note</ref>.</p></sidenote><heading>INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY STRATEGIC PLAN.</heading><subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff535430-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stA/s812/a" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="a">(a) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">In General</inline>.—</heading><content>Subject to subsection (b), the Administrator shall develop an information technology strategic plan to guide NASA information technology management and strategic objectives.</content></subsection> <subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff535431-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stA/s812/b" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="b">(b) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Requirements</inline>.—</heading><chapeau>In developing the strategic plan, the Administrator shall ensure that the strategic plan addresses—</chapeau><paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff535432-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stA/s812/b/1" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="1">(1) </num><content>the deadline under <ref href="/us/usc/t5/s306/a">section 306(a) of title 5, United States Code</ref>; and</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff535433-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stA/s812/b/2" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="2">(2) </num><content>the requirements under <ref href="/us/usc/t44/s3506">section 3506 of title 44, United States Code</ref>.</content></paragraph> </subsection> <subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff535434-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stA/s812/c" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="c">(c) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Contents</inline>.—</heading><chapeau>The strategic plan shall address, in a manner that reflects the unique nature of NASA’s mission and expertise—</chapeau><paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff535435-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stA/s812/c/1" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="1">(1) </num><content>near and long-term goals and objectives for leveraging information technology;</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff535436-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stA/s812/c/2" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="2">(2) </num><content>a plan for how NASA will submit to Congress of a list of information technology projects, including completion dates and risk level in accordance with guidance from the Office of Management and Budget;<page identifier="/us/stat/131/60">131 STAT. 60</page></content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff535437-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stA/s812/c/3" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="3">(3) </num><content>an implementation overview for an agency-wide approach to information technology investments and operations, including reducing barriers to cross-center collaboration;</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff535438-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stA/s812/c/4" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="4">(4) </num><sidenote><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff535439-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">Coordination.</p></sidenote><content>coordination by the NASA Chief Information Officer with centers and mission directorates to ensure that information technology policies are effectively and efficiently implemented across the agency;</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff53543a-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stA/s812/c/5" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="5">(5) </num><content>a plan to increase the efficiency and effectiveness of information technology investments, including a description of how unnecessarily duplicative, wasteful, legacy, or outdated information technology across NASA will be identified and eliminated, and a schedule for the identification and elimination of such information technology;</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff53543b-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stA/s812/c/6" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="6">(6) </num><content>a plan for improving the information security of agency information and agency information systems, including improving security control assessments and role-based security training of employees; and</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff53543c-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stA/s812/c/7" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="7">(7) </num><content>submission by NASA to Congress of information regarding high risk projects and cybersecurity risks.</content></paragraph> </subsection> <subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff53543d-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stA/s812/d" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="d">(d) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Congressional Oversight</inline>.—</heading><content>The Administrator shall submit to the appropriate committees of Congress the strategic plan under subsection (a) and any updates thereto.</content></subsection> </section> <section id="d184391e5804" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stA/s813" style="-uslm-lc:I658143"><num class="fontsize12" value="813">SEC. 813. </num><sidenote><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff53543e-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180"><ref href="/us/usc/t51/s20111">51 USC 20111 note</ref>.</p></sidenote><heading>CYBERSECURITY.</heading><subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff53f07f-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stA/s813/a" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="a">(a) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Finding</inline>.—</heading><content>Congress finds that the security of NASA information and information systems is vital to the success of the mission of the agency.</content></subsection> <subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff53f080-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stA/s813/b" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="b">(b) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Information Security Plan</inline>.—</heading><paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff53f081-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stA/s813/b/1" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="1">(1) </num><sidenote><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff53f082-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">Deadline.</p></sidenote><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">In general</inline>.—</heading><content>Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall implement the information security plan developed under paragraph (2) and take such further actions as the Administrator considers necessary to improve the information security system in accordance with this section.</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff53f083-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stA/s813/b/2" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="2">(2) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Information security plan</inline>.—</heading><content>Subject to paragraphs (3) and (4), the Administrator shall develop an agency-wide information security plan to enhance information security for NASA information and information infrastructure.</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff53f084-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stA/s813/b/3" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="3">(3) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Requirements</inline>.—</heading><chapeau>In developing the plan under paragraph (2), the Administrator shall ensure that the plan—</chapeau><subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff53f085-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stA/s813/b/3/A" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="A">(A) </num><content>reflects the unique nature of NASA’s mission and expertise;</content></subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff53f086-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stA/s813/b/3/B" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="B">(B) </num><content>is informed by policies, standards, guidelines, and directives on information security required for Federal agencies;</content></subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff53f087-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stA/s813/b/3/C" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="C">(C) </num><content>is consistent with the standards and guidelines under <ref href="/us/usc/t40/s11331">section 11331 of title 40, United States Code</ref>; and</content></subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff53f088-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stA/s813/b/3/D" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="D">(D) </num><content>meets applicable National Institute of Standards and Technology information security standards and guidelines.</content></subparagraph> </paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff53f089-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stA/s813/b/4" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="4">(4) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Contents</inline>.—</heading><chapeau>The plan shall address—</chapeau><subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff53f08a-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stA/s813/b/4/A" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="A">(A) </num><content>an overview of the requirements of the information security system;</content></subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff53f08b-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stA/s813/b/4/B" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="B">(B) </num><content>an agency-wide risk management framework for information security;<page identifier="/us/stat/131/61">131 STAT. 61</page></content></subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff53f08c-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stA/s813/b/4/C" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="C">(C) </num><content>a description of the information security system management controls and common controls that are necessary to ensure compliance with information security-related requirements;</content></subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff53f08d-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stA/s813/b/4/D" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="D">(D) </num><content>an identification and assignment of roles, responsibilities, and management commitment for information security at the agency;</content></subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff53f08e-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stA/s813/b/4/E" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="E">(E) </num><content>coordination among organizational entities, including between each center, facility, mission directorate, and mission support office, and among agency entities responsible for different aspects of information security;</content></subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff53f08f-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stA/s813/b/4/F" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="F">(F) </num><content>the need to protect the information security of mission-critical systems and activities and high-impact and moderate-impact information systems; and</content></subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff53f090-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stA/s813/b/4/G" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="G">(G) </num><content>a schedule of frequent reviews and updates, as necessary, of the plan.</content></subparagraph> </paragraph> </subsection> </section> <section id="d184391e5933" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stA/s814" style="-uslm-lc:I658143"><num class="fontsize12" value="814">SEC. 814. </num><sidenote><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff53f091-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">Notification.</p></sidenote><heading>SECURITY MANAGEMENT OF FOREIGN NATIONAL ACCESS.</heading><content style="-uslm-lc:I658120">  The Administrator shall notify the appropriate committees of Congress when the agency has implemented the information technology security recommendations from the National Academy of Public Administration on foreign national access management, based on reports from January 2014 and March 2016.</content></section> <section id="d184391e5944" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stA/s815" style="-uslm-lc:I658143"><num class="fontsize12" value="815">SEC. 815. </num><sidenote><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff5417a2-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">Deadline.</p><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff5417a3-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">Plans.</p></sidenote><heading>CYBERSECURITY OF WEB APPLICATIONS.</heading><chapeau class="indentUp0 firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="xff5417a4-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658120">  Not later than 180 days after the date of enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall, in a manner that reflects the unique nature of NASA’s mission and expertise—</chapeau><paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff5417a5-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stA/s815/1" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="1">(1) </num><content>develop a plan, including such actions and milestones as are necessary, to fully remediate security vulnerabilities of NASA web applications within a timely fashion after discovery; and</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff5417a6-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stA/s815/2" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="2">(2) </num><content>provide an update on its plan to implement the recommendation from the NASA Inspector General in the audit report dated July 10, 2014, (IG–14–023) to remove from the Internet or otherwise secure all NASA web applications in development or testing mode.</content></paragraph> </section> </subtitle> <subtitle id="d184391e5967" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB" style="-uslm-lc:I658178"><num value="B">Subtitle B—</num><heading>Collaboration Among Mission Directorates and Other Matters</heading> <section id="d184391e5972" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s821" style="-uslm-lc:I658143"><num class="fontsize12" value="821">SEC. 821. </num><sidenote><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff5417a7-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180"><ref href="/us/usc/t51/s20111">51 USC 20111 note</ref>.</p></sidenote><heading>COLLABORATION AMONG MISSION DIRECTORATES.</heading><chapeau class="indentUp0 firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="xff543eb8-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658120">  The Administrator shall encourage an interdisciplinary approach among all NASA mission directorates and divisions, whenever appropriate, for projects or missions—</chapeau><paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff543eb9-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s821/1" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="1">(1) </num><content>to improve coordination, and encourage collaboration and early planning on scope;</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff543eba-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s821/2" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="2">(2) </num><content>to determine areas of overlap or alignment;</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff543ebb-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s821/3" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="3">(3) </num><content>to find ways to leverage across divisional perspectives to maximize outcomes; and</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff543ebc-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s821/4" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="4">(4) </num><content>to be more efficient with resources and funds.</content></paragraph> </section> <section id="d184391e6004" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s822" style="-uslm-lc:I658143"><num class="fontsize12" value="822">SEC. 822. </num><sidenote><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff543ebd-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180"><ref href="/us/usc/t51/s50131">51 USC 50131 note</ref>.</p></sidenote><heading>NASA LAUNCH CAPABILITIES COLLABORATION.</heading><subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff54b3ee-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s822/a" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="a">(a) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Findings</inline>.—</heading><chapeau>Congress makes the following findings:<page identifier="/us/stat/131/62">131 STAT. 62</page></chapeau><paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff54b3ef-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s822/a/1" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="1">(1) </num><content>The Launch Services Program is responsible for the acquisition, management, and technical oversight of commercial launch services for NASA’s science and robotic missions.</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff54b3f0-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s822/a/2" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="2">(2) </num><content>The Commercial Crew Program is responsible for the acquisition, management, and technical oversight of commercial crew transportation systems.</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff54b3f1-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s822/a/3" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="3">(3) </num><content>The Launch Services Program and Commercial Crew Program have worked together to gain exceptional technical insight into the contracted launch service providers that are common to both programs.</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff54b3f2-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s822/a/4" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="4">(4) </num><content>The Launch Services Program has a long history of oversight of 12 different launch vehicles and over 80 launches.</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff54b3f3-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s822/a/5" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="5">(5) </num><content>Co-location of the Launch Services Program and Commercial Crew Program has enabled the Commercial Crew Program to efficiently obtain the launch vehicle technical expertise of and provide engineering and analytical support to the Commercial Crew Program.</content></paragraph> </subsection> <subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff54b3f4-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s822/b" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="b">(b) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Sense of Congress</inline>.—</heading><chapeau>It is the sense of Congress that—</chapeau><paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff54b3f5-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s822/b/1" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="1">(1) </num><content>the Launch Services Program and Commercial Crew Program each benefit from communication and coordination of launch manifests, technical information, and common launch vehicle insight between the programs; and</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff54b3f6-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s822/b/2" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="2">(2) </num><content>such communication and coordination is enabled by the co-location of the programs.</content></paragraph> </subsection> <subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff54b3f7-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s822/c" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="c">(c) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">In General</inline>.—</heading><content>The Administrator shall pursue a strategy for acquisition of crewed transportation services and non-crewed launch services that continues to enhance communication, collaboration, and coordination between the Launch Services Program and the Commercial Crew Program.</content></subsection> </section> <section id="d184391e6080" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s823" style="-uslm-lc:I658143"><num class="fontsize12" value="823">SEC. 823. </num><sidenote><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff54b3f8-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180"><ref href="/us/usc/t51/s30301">51 USC 30301 note</ref> prec.</p></sidenote><heading>DETECTION AND AVOIDANCE OF COUNTERFEIT PARTS.</heading><subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff55ec79-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s823/a" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="a">(a) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Findings</inline>.—</heading><chapeau>Congress makes the following findings:</chapeau><paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff55ec7a-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s823/a/1" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="1">(1) </num><content>A 2012 investigation by the Committee on Armed Services of the Senate of counterfeit electronic parts in the Department of Defense supply chain from 2009 through 2010 uncovered 1,800 cases and over 1,000,000 counterfeit parts and exposed the threat such counterfeit parts pose to service members and national security.</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff55ec7b-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s823/a/2" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="2">(2) </num><content>Since 2010, the Comptroller General of the United States has identified in 3 separate reports the risks and challenges associated with counterfeit parts and counterfeit prevention at both the Department of Defense and NASA, including inconsistent definitions of counterfeit parts, poorly targeted quality control practices, and potential barriers to improvements to these practices.</content></paragraph> </subsection> <subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff55ec7c-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s823/b" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="b">(b) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Sense of Congress</inline>.—</heading><content>It is the sense of Congress that the presence of counterfeit electronic parts in the NASA supply chain poses a danger to United States government astronauts, crew, and other personnel and a risk to the agency overall.</content></subsection> <subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff55ec7d-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s823/c" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="c">(c) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Regulations</inline>.—</heading><paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff55ec7e-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s823/c/1" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="1">(1) </num><sidenote><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff55ec7f-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">Deadline.</p></sidenote><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">In general</inline>.—</heading><content>Not later than 270 days after the date of enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall revise the NASA Supplement to the Federal Acquisition Regulation to improve the detection and avoidance of counterfeit electronic parts in the supply chain.</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff55ec80-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s823/c/2" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="2">(2) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Contractor responsibilities</inline>.—</heading><chapeau>In revising the regulations under paragraph (1), the Administrator shall—<page identifier="/us/stat/131/63">131 STAT. 63</page></chapeau><subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff55ec81-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s823/c/2/A" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="A">(A) </num><chapeau>require each covered contractor—</chapeau><clause class="fontsize10" id="yff55ec82-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s823/c/2/A/i" style="-uslm-lc:I658126"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="i">(i) </num><content>to detect and avoid the use or inclusion of any counterfeit parts in electronic parts or products that contain electronic parts;</content></clause> <clause class="fontsize10" id="yff55ec83-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s823/c/2/A/ii" style="-uslm-lc:I658126"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="ii">(ii) </num><content>to take such corrective actions as the Administrator considers necessary to remedy the use or inclusion described in clause (i); and</content></clause> <clause class="fontsize10" id="yff55ec84-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s823/c/2/A/iii" style="-uslm-lc:I658126"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="iii">(iii) </num><sidenote><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff55ec85-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">Notification.</p><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff55ec86-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">Deadline.</p></sidenote><content>including a subcontractor, to notify the applicable NASA contracting officer not later than 30 calendar days after the date the covered contractor becomes aware, or has reason to suspect, that any end item, component, part or material contained in supplies purchased by NASA, or purchased by a covered contractor or subcontractor for delivery to, or on behalf of, NASA, contains a counterfeit electronic part or suspect counterfeit electronic part; and</content></clause> </subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff55ec87-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s823/c/2/B" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="B">(B) </num><chapeau>prohibit the cost of counterfeit electronic parts, suspect counterfeit electronic parts, and any corrective action described under subparagraph (A)(ii) from being included as allowable costs under agency contracts, unless—</chapeau><clause class="fontsize10" id="yff55ec88-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s823/c/2/B/i" style="-uslm-lc:I658126"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="i">(i)</num><subclause class="inline" id="yff55ec89-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s823/c/2/B/i/I"><num value="I">(I) </num><content>the covered contractor has an operational system to detect and avoid counterfeit electronic parts and suspect counterfeit electronic parts that has been reviewed and approved by NASA or the Department of Defense; and</content></subclause> <subclause class="fontsize10" id="yff55ec8a-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s823/c/2/B/i/II" style="-uslm-lc:I658128"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="II">(II) </num><content>the covered contractor has provided the notice under subparagraph (A)(iii); or</content></subclause> </clause> <clause class="fontsize10" id="yff55ec8b-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s823/c/2/B/ii" style="-uslm-lc:I658126"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="ii">(ii) </num><content>the counterfeit electronic parts or suspect counterfeit electronic parts were provided to the covered contractor as Government property in accordance with part 45 of the Federal Acquisition Regulation.</content></clause> </subparagraph> </paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff55ec8c-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s823/c/3" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="3">(3) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Suppliers of electronic parts</inline>.—</heading><chapeau>In revising the regulations under paragraph (1), the Administrator shall—</chapeau><subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff55ec8d-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s823/c/3/A" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="A">(A) </num><chapeau>require NASA and covered contractors, including subcontractors, at all tiers—</chapeau><clause class="fontsize10" id="yff55ec8e-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s823/c/3/A/i" style="-uslm-lc:I658126"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="i">(i) </num><chapeau>to obtain electronic parts that are in production or currently available in stock from—</chapeau><subclause class="fontsize10" id="yff55ec8f-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s823/c/3/A/i/I" style="-uslm-lc:I658128"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="I">(I) </num><content>the original manufacturers of the parts or their authorized dealers; or</content></subclause> <subclause class="fontsize10" id="yff55ec90-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s823/c/3/A/i/II" style="-uslm-lc:I658128"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="II">(II) </num><content>suppliers who obtain such parts exclusively from the original manufacturers of the parts or their authorized dealers; and</content></subclause> </clause> <clause class="fontsize10" id="yff55ec91-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s823/c/3/A/ii" style="-uslm-lc:I658126"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="ii">(ii) </num><content>to obtain electronic parts that are not in production or currently available in stock from suppliers that meet qualification requirements established under subparagraph (C);</content></clause> </subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff55ec92-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s823/c/3/B" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="B">(B) </num><chapeau>establish documented requirements consistent with published industry standards or Government contract requirements for—</chapeau><clause class="fontsize10" id="yff55ec93-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s823/c/3/B/i" style="-uslm-lc:I658126"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="i">(i) </num><content>notification of the agency; and</content></clause> <clause class="fontsize10" id="yff55ec94-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s823/c/3/B/ii" style="-uslm-lc:I658126"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="ii">(ii) </num><content>inspection, testing, and authentication of electronic parts that NASA or a covered contractor, including a subcontractor, obtains from any source other than a source described in subparagraph (A);</content></clause> </subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff55ec95-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s823/c/3/C" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="C">(C) </num><content>establish qualification requirements, consistent with the requirements of section 2319 of title 10, United <page identifier="/us/stat/131/64">131 STAT. 64</page> States Code, pursuant to which NASA may identify suppliers that have appropriate policies and procedures in place to detect and avoid counterfeit electronic parts and suspect counterfeit electronic parts; and</content></subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff55ec96-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s823/c/3/D" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="D">(D) </num><chapeau>authorize a covered contractor, including a subcontractor, to identify and use additional suppliers beyond those identified under subparagraph (C) if—</chapeau><clause class="fontsize10" id="yff55ec97-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s823/c/3/D/i" style="-uslm-lc:I658126"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="i">(i) </num><content>the standards and processes for identifying such suppliers comply with established industry standards;</content></clause> <clause class="fontsize10" id="yff55ec98-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s823/c/3/D/ii" style="-uslm-lc:I658126"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="ii">(ii) </num><content>the covered contractor assumes responsibility for the authenticity of parts provided by such suppliers under paragraph (2); and</content></clause> <clause class="fontsize10" id="yff55ec99-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s823/c/3/D/iii" style="-uslm-lc:I658126"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="iii">(iii) </num><content>the selection of such suppliers is subject to review and audit by NASA.</content></clause> </subparagraph> </paragraph> </subsection> <subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff55ec9a-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s823/d" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="d">(d) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Definitions</inline>.—</heading><chapeau>In this section:</chapeau><paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff55ec9b-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s823/d/1" role="definitions" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="1">(1) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Covered contractor</inline>.—</heading><content>The term “<term>covered contractor</term>” means a contractor that supplies an electronic part, or a product that contains an electronic part, to NASA.</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff55ec9c-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s823/d/2" role="definitions" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="2">(2) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Electronic part</inline>.—</heading><content>The term “<term>electronic part</term>” means a discrete electronic component, including a microcircuit, transistor, capacitor, resistor, or diode, that is intended for use in a safety or mission critical application.</content></paragraph> </subsection> </section> <section id="d184391e6304" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s824" style="-uslm-lc:I658143"><num class="fontsize12" value="824">SEC. 824. </num><sidenote><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff55ec9d-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180"><ref href="/us/usc/t51/s40901">51 USC 40901 note</ref> prec.</p></sidenote><heading>EDUCATION AND OUTREACH.</heading><subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff5660ce-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s824/a" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="a">(a) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Sense of Congress</inline>.—</heading><chapeau>It is the sense of Congress that—</chapeau><paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff5660cf-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s824/a/1" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="1">(1) </num><content>United States competitiveness in the 21st century requires engaging the science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (referred to in this section as “STEM”) talent in all States;</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff5660d0-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s824/a/2" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="2">(2) </num><content>the Administration is uniquely positioned to educate and inspire students and the broader public on STEM subjects and careers;</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff5660d1-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s824/a/3" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="3">(3) </num><content>the Administration’s Education and Communication Offices, Mission Directorates, and Centers have been effective in delivering educational content because of the strong engagement of Administration scientists and engineers in the Administration’s education and outreach activities;</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff5660d2-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s824/a/4" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="4">(4) </num><content>the Administration’s education and outreach programs, including the Experimental Program to Stimulate Competitive Research (EPSCoR) and the Space Grant College and Fellowship Program, reflect the Administration’s successful commitment to growing and diversifying the national science and engineering workforce; and</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff5660d3-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s824/a/5" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="5">(5) </num><content>in order to grow and diversify the Nation’s engineering workforce, it is vital for the Administration to bolster programs, such as High Schools United with NASA to Create Hardware (HUNCH) program, that conduct outreach activities to underserved rural communities, vocational schools, and tribal colleges and universities and encourage new participation in the STEM workforce.</content></paragraph> </subsection> <subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff5660d4-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s824/b" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="b">(b) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Continuation of Education and Outreach Activities and Programs</inline>.—</heading><paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff5660d5-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s824/b/1" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="1">(1) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">In general</inline>.—</heading><content>The Administrator shall continue engagement with the public and education opportunities for students via all the Administration’s mission directorates to the maximum extent practicable.<page identifier="/us/stat/131/65">131 STAT. 65</page></content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff5660d6-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s824/b/2" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="2">(2) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Report</inline>.—</heading><content>Not later than 60 days after the date of enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall submit to the appropriate committees of Congress a report on the Administration’s near-term outreach plans for advancing space law education.</content></paragraph> </subsection> </section> <section id="d184391e6379" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s825" style="-uslm-lc:I658143"><num class="fontsize12" value="825">SEC. 825. </num><sidenote><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff5660d7-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180"><ref href="/us/usc/t51/s50131">51 USC 50131 note</ref>.</p></sidenote><heading>LEVERAGING COMMERCIAL SATELLITE SERVICING CAPABILITIES ACROSS MISSION DIRECTORATES.</heading><subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff56aef8-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s825/a" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="a">(a) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Findings</inline>.—</heading><chapeau>Congress makes the following findings:</chapeau><paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff56aef9-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s825/a/1" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="1">(1) </num><content>Refueling and relocating aging satellites to extend their operational lifetimes is a capacity that NASA will substantially benefit from and is important for lowering the costs of ongoing scientific, national security, and commercial satellite operations.</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff56aefa-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s825/a/2" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="2">(2) </num><content>The technologies involved in satellite servicing, such as dexterous robotic arms, propellant transfer systems, and solar electric propulsion, are all critical capabilities to support a human exploration mission to Mars.</content></paragraph> </subsection> <subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff56aefb-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s825/b" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="b">(b) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Sense of Congress</inline>.—</heading><chapeau>It is the sense of Congress that—</chapeau><paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff56aefc-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s825/b/1" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="1">(1) </num><content>satellite servicing is a vital capability that will bolster the capacity and affordability of NASA’s ongoing scientific and human exploration operations while simultaneously enhancing the ability of domestic companies to compete in the global marketplace; and</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff56aefd-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s825/b/2" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="2">(2) </num><content>future NASA satellites and spacecraft across mission directorates should be constructed in a manner that allows for servicing in order to maximize operational longevity and affordability.</content></paragraph> </subsection> <subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff56aefe-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s825/c" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="c">(c) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Leveraging of Capabilities</inline>.—</heading><chapeau>The Administrator shall—</chapeau><paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff56aeff-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s825/c/1" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="1">(1) </num><content>identify orbital assets in both the Science Mission Directorate and the Human Exploration and Operations Mission Directorate that could benefit from satellite servicing-related technologies; and</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff56af00-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s825/c/2" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="2">(2) </num><sidenote><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff56af01-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">Evaluation.</p></sidenote><content>work across all NASA mission directorates to evaluate opportunities for the private sector to perform such services or advance technical capabilities by leveraging the technologies and techniques developed by NASA programs and other industry programs.</content></paragraph> </subsection> </section> <section id="d184391e6449" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s826" style="-uslm-lc:I658143"><num class="fontsize12" value="826">SEC. 826. </num><sidenote><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff56af02-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180"><ref href="/us/usc/t51/s70102">51 USC 70102 note</ref>.</p></sidenote><heading>FLIGHT OPPORTUNITIES.</heading><subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff56fd23-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s826/a" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="a">(a) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Development of Payloads</inline>.—</heading><paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff56fd24-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s826/a/1" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="1">(1) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">In general</inline>.—</heading><chapeau>In order to conduct necessary research, the Administrator shall continue and, as the Administrator considers appropriate, expand the development of technology payloads for—</chapeau><subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff56fd25-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s826/a/1/A" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="A">(A) </num><content>scientific research; and</content></subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff56fd26-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s826/a/1/B" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="B">(B) </num><content>investigating new or improved capabilities.</content></subparagraph> </paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff56fd27-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s826/a/2" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="2">(2) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Funds</inline>.—</heading><chapeau>For the purpose of carrying out paragraph (1), the Administrator shall make funds available for—</chapeau><subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff56fd28-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s826/a/2/A" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="A">(A) </num><content>flight testing;</content></subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff56fd29-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s826/a/2/B" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="B">(B) </num><content>payload development; and</content></subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff56fd2a-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s826/a/2/C" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="C">(C) </num><content>hardware related to subparagraphs (A) and (B).</content></subparagraph> </paragraph> </subsection> <subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff56fd2b-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s826/b" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="b">(b) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Reaffirmation of Policy</inline>.—</heading><content>Congress reaffirms that the Administrator should provide flight opportunities for payloads to microgravity environments and suborbital altitudes as authorized by section 907 of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2010 (<ref href="/us/usc/t42/s18405">42 U.S.C. 18405</ref>).<page identifier="/us/stat/131/66">131 STAT. 66</page></content></subsection> </section> <section id="d184391e6525" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s827" style="-uslm-lc:I658143"><num class="fontsize12" value="827">SEC. 827. </num><heading>SENSE OF CONGRESS ON SMALL CLASS LAUNCH MISSIONS.</heading><chapeau class="indentUp0 firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="xff57243c-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658120">  It is the sense of Congress that—</chapeau><paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff57243d-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s827/1" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="1">(1) </num><content>Venture Class Launch Services contracts awarded under the Launch Services Program will expand opportunities for future dedicated launches of CubeSats and other small satellites and small orbital science missions; and</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff57243e-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s827/2" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="2">(2) </num><content>principal investigator-led small orbital science missions, including CubeSat class, Small Explorer (SMEX) class, and Venture class, offer valuable opportunities to advance science at low cost, train the next generation of scientists and engineers, and enable participants to acquire skills in systems engineering and systems integration that are critical to maintaining the Nation’s leadership in space and to enhancing United States innovation and competitiveness abroad.</content></paragraph> </section> <section id="d184391e6542" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s828" role="instruction" style="-uslm-lc:I658143"><num class="fontsize12" value="828">SEC. 828. </num><heading>BASELINE AND COST CONTROLS.</heading><content style="-uslm-lc:I658120">  <ref href="/us/usc/t51/s30104/a/1">Section 30104(a)(1) of title 51, United States Code</ref>, <amendingAction type="amend">is amended</amendingAction> by <amendingAction type="delete">striking</amendingAction> “<quotedText>Procedural Requirements 7120.5c, dated March 22, 2005</quotedText>” and <amendingAction type="insert">inserting</amendingAction> “<quotedText>Procedural Requirements 7120.5E, dated August 14, 2012</quotedText>”.</content></section> <section id="d184391e6561" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s829" role="instruction" style="-uslm-lc:I658143"><num class="fontsize12" value="829">SEC. 829. </num><heading>COMMERCIAL TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER PROGRAM.</heading><content style="-uslm-lc:I658120">  <ref href="/us/usc/t51/s50116/a">Section 50116(a) of title 51, United States Code</ref>, <amendingAction type="amend">is amended</amendingAction> by <amendingAction type="insert">inserting</amendingAction> “<quotedText>, while protecting national security</quotedText>” after “<quotedText>research community</quotedText>”.</content></section> <section id="d184391e6577" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s830" style="-uslm-lc:I658143"><num class="fontsize12" value="830">SEC. 830. </num><sidenote><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff57243f-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180"><ref href="/us/usc/t51/s30301">51 USC 30301 note</ref> prec.</p></sidenote><heading>AVOIDING ORGANIZATIONAL CONFLICTS OF INTEREST IN MAJOR ADMINISTRATION ACQUISITION PROGRAMS.</heading><subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff579970-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s830/a" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="a">(a) </num><sidenote><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff579971-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">Deadline.</p><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff579972-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">Recommenda-</p><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff579973-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">tions.</p></sidenote><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Revised Regulations Required</inline>.—</heading><content>Not later than 270 days after the date of enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall revise the Administration Supplement to the Federal Acquisition Regulation to provide uniform guidance and recommend revised requirements for organizational conflicts of interest by contractors in major acquisition programs in order to address the elements identified in subsection (b).</content></subsection> <subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff579974-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s830/b" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="b">(b) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Elements</inline>.—</heading><chapeau>The revised regulations under subsection (a) shall, at a minimum—</chapeau><paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff579975-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s830/b/1" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="1">(1) </num><chapeau>address organizational conflicts of interest that could potentially arise as a result of—</chapeau><subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff579976-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s830/b/1/A" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="A">(A) </num><content>lead system integrator contracts on major acquisition programs and contracts that follow lead system integrator contracts on such programs, particularly contracts for production;</content></subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff579977-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s830/b/1/B" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="B">(B) </num><content>the ownership of business units performing systems engineering and technical assistance functions, professional services, or management support services in relation to major acquisition programs by contractors who simultaneously own business units competing to perform as either the prime contractor or the supplier of a major subsystem or component for such programs;</content></subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff579978-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s830/b/1/C" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="C">(C) </num><content>the award of major subsystem contracts by a prime contractor for a major acquisition program to business units or other affiliates of the same parent corporate entity, and particularly the award of subcontracts for software integration or the development of a proprietary software system architecture; or</content></subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff579979-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s830/b/1/D" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="D">(D) </num><content>the performance by, or assistance of, contractors in technical evaluations on major acquisition programs;<page identifier="/us/stat/131/67">131 STAT. 67</page></content></subparagraph> </paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff57997a-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s830/b/2" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="2">(2) </num><content>require the Administration to request advice on systems architecture and systems engineering matters with respect to major acquisition programs from objective sources independent of the prime contractor;</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff57997b-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s830/b/3" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="3">(3) </num><content>require that a contract for the performance of systems engineering and technical assistance functions for a major acquisition program contains a provision prohibiting the contractor or any affiliate of the contractor from participating as a prime contractor or a major subcontractor in the development of a system under the program; and</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff57997c-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s830/b/4" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="4">(4) </num><content>establish such limited exceptions to the requirement in paragraphs (2) and (3) as the Administrator considers necessary to ensure that the Administration has continued access to advice on systems architecture and systems engineering matters from highly qualified contractors with domain experience and expertise, while ensuring that such advice comes from sources that are objective and unbiased.</content></paragraph> </subsection> </section> <section id="d184391e6656" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s831" style="-uslm-lc:I658143"><num class="fontsize12" value="831">SEC. 831. </num><sidenote><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff57997d-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">Historic preservation.</p></sidenote><heading>PROTECTION OF APOLLO LANDING SITES.</heading><subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff57e79e-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s831/a" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="a">(a) </num><sidenote><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff57e79f-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">Consultation.</p></sidenote><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Assessment</inline>.—</heading><content>The Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy, in consultation with relevant Federal agencies and stakeholders, shall assess the issues relating to protecting and preserving historically important Apollo Program lunar landing sites and Apollo program artifacts residing on the lunar surface, including those pertaining to Apollo 11 and Apollo 17.</content></subsection> <subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff57e7a0-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s831/b" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="b">(b) </num><sidenote><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff57e7a1-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">Determinations.</p></sidenote><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Contents</inline>.—</heading><chapeau>In conducting the assessment, the Director shall include—</chapeau><paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff57e7a2-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s831/b/1" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="1">(1) </num><content>a determination of what risks to the protection and preservation of those sites and artifacts exist or may exist in the future;</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff57e7a3-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s831/b/2" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="2">(2) </num><content>a determination of what measures are required to ensure such protection and preservation;</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff57e7a4-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s831/b/3" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="3">(3) </num><content>a determination of the extent to which additional domestic legislation or international treaties or agreements will be required; and</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff57e7a5-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s831/b/4" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="4">(4) </num><sidenote><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff57e7a6-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">Recommenda-</p><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff57e7a7-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">tions.</p></sidenote><content>specific recommendations for protecting and preserving those lunar landing sites and artifacts.</content></paragraph> </subsection> <subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff57e7a8-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s831/c" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="c">(c) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Report</inline>.—</heading><content>Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act, the Director shall submit to the appropriate committees of Congress the results of the assessment.</content></subsection> </section> <section id="d184391e6722" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s832" role="instruction" style="-uslm-lc:I658143"><num class="fontsize12" value="832">SEC. 832. </num><heading>NASA LEASE OF NON-EXCESS PROPERTY.</heading><content style="-uslm-lc:I658120">  <ref href="/us/usc/t51/s20145/g">Section 20145(g) of title 51, United States Code</ref>, <amendingAction type="amend">is amended</amendingAction> by <amendingAction type="delete">striking</amendingAction> “<quotedText>10 years after December 26, 2007</quotedText>” and <amendingAction type="insert">inserting</amendingAction> “<quotedText>December 31, 2018</quotedText>”.</content></section> <section id="d184391e6741" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s833" style="-uslm-lc:I658143"><num class="fontsize12" value="833">SEC. 833. </num><heading>TERMINATION LIABILITY.</heading><chapeau class="indentUp0 firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="xff5835c9-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658120">  It is the sense of Congress that—</chapeau><paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff5835ca-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s833/1" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="1">(1) </num><content>the ISS, the Space Launch System, and the Orion will enable the Nation to continue operations in low-Earth orbit and to send its astronauts to deep space;</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff5835cb-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s833/2" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="2">(2) </num><content>the James Webb Space Telescope will revolutionize our understanding of star and planet formation and how galaxies evolved, and will advance the search for the origins of our universe;</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff5835cc-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s833/3" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="3">(3) </num><content>as a result of their unique capabilities and their critical contribution to the future of space exploration, these systems <page identifier="/us/stat/131/68">131 STAT. 68</page> have been designated by Congress and the Administration as priority investments;</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff5835cd-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s833/4" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="4">(4) </num><content>contractors are currently holding program funding, estimated to be in the hundreds of millions of dollars, to cover the potential termination liability should the Government choose to terminate a program for convenience;</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff5835ce-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s833/5" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="5">(5) </num><content>as a result, hundreds of millions of taxpayer dollars are unavailable for meaningful work on these programs;</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff5835cf-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s833/6" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="6">(6) </num><content>according to the Government Accountability Office, the Administration procures most of its goods and services through contracts, and it terminates very few of them;</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff5835d0-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s833/7" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="7">(7) </num><content>in fiscal year 2010, the Administration terminated 28 of 16,343 active contracts and orders, a termination rate of about 0.17 percent; and</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff5835d1-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s833/8" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="8">(8) </num><content>the Administration should vigorously pursue a policy on termination liability that maximizes the utilization of its appropriated funds to make maximum progress in meeting established technical goals and schedule milestones on these high-priority programs.</content></paragraph> </section> <section id="d184391e6793" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s834" style="-uslm-lc:I658143"><num class="fontsize12" value="834">SEC. 834. </num><sidenote><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff585ce2-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">Reports.</p></sidenote><heading>INDEPENDENT REVIEWS.</heading><chapeau class="indentUp0 firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="xff5883f3-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658120">  Not later than 270 days after the date of enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall submit to the appropriate committees of Congress a report describing—</chapeau><paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff5883f4-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s834/1" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="1">(1) </num><content>the Administration’s procedures for conducting independent reviews of projects and programs at lifecycle milestones;</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff5883f5-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s834/2" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="2">(2) </num><content>how the Administration ensures the independence of the individuals who conduct those reviews prior to their assignment;</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff5883f6-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s834/3" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="3">(3) </num><content>the internal and external entities independent of project and program management that conduct reviews of projects and programs at life cycle milestones; and</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff5883f7-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s834/4" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="4">(4) </num><content>how the Administration ensures the independence of such entities and their members.</content></paragraph> </section> <section id="d184391e6823" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s835" style="-uslm-lc:I658143"><num class="fontsize12" value="835">SEC. 835. </num><heading>NASA ADVISORY COUNCIL.</heading><subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff58f928-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s835/a" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="a">(a) </num><sidenote><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff58f929-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">Recommenda-</p><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff58f92a-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">tions.</p></sidenote><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Assessment</inline>.—</heading><chapeau>The Administrator shall enter into an arrangement with the National Academy of Public Administration to assess the effectiveness of the NASA Advisory Council and to make recommendations to Congress for any change to—</chapeau><paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff58f92b-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s835/a/1" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="1">(1) </num><content>the functions of the Council;</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff58f92c-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s835/a/2" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="2">(2) </num><content>the appointment of members to the Council;</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff58f92d-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s835/a/3" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="3">(3) </num><content>the qualifications for members of the Council;</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff58f92e-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s835/a/4" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="4">(4) </num><content>the duration of terms of office for members of the Council;</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff58f92f-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s835/a/5" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="5">(5) </num><content>the frequency of meetings of the Council;</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff58f930-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s835/a/6" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="6">(6) </num><content>the structure of leadership and Committees of the Council; and</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff58f931-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s835/a/7" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="7">(7) </num><content>the levels of professional staffing for the Council.</content></paragraph> </subsection> <subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff58f932-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s835/b" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="b">(b) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Considerations</inline>.—</heading><chapeau>In carrying out the assessment under subsection (a), the National Academy of Public Administration shall—</chapeau><paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff58f933-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s835/b/1" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="1">(1) </num><content>consider the impacts of broadening the Council’s role to include providing consultation and advice to Congress under <ref href="/us/usc/t51/s20113/g">section 20113(g) of title 51, United States Code</ref>;</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff58f934-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s835/b/2" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="2">(2) </num><content>consider the past activities of the Council and the activities of other analogous Federal advisory bodies; and<page identifier="/us/stat/131/69">131 STAT. 69</page></content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff58f935-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s835/b/3" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="3">(3) </num><content>any other issues that the National Academy of Public Administration determines could potentially impact the effectiveness of the Council.</content></paragraph> </subsection> <subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff58f936-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s835/c" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="c">(c) </num><sidenote><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff58f937-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">Recommenda-</p><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff58f938-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">tions.</p></sidenote><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Report</inline>.—</heading><content>The National Academy of Public Administration shall submit to the appropriate committees of Congress the results of the assessment, including any recommendations.</content></subsection> <subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff58f939-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s835/d" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="d">(d) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Consultation and Advice</inline>.—</heading><paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff58f93a-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s835/d/1" role="instruction" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="1">(1) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">In general</inline>.—</heading><content><ref href="/us/usc/t51/s20113/g">Section 20113(g) of title 51, United States Code</ref>, <amendingAction type="amend">is amended</amendingAction> by <amendingAction type="insert">inserting</amendingAction> “<quotedText>and Congress</quotedText>” after “<quotedText>advice to the Administration</quotedText>”.</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff58f93b-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s835/d/2" role="instruction" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="2">(2) </num><sidenote><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff58f93c-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">Effective date.</p><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff58f93d-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180"><ref href="/us/usc/t51/s30307">51 USC 30307 note</ref>.</p></sidenote><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Sunset</inline>.—</heading><content>Effective September 30, 2017, <ref href="/us/usc/t51/s20113/g">section 20113(g) of title 51, United States Code</ref>, <amendingAction type="amend">is amended</amendingAction> by <amendingAction type="delete">striking</amendingAction> “<quotedText>and Congress</quotedText>”.</content></paragraph> </subsection> </section> <section id="d184391e6975" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s836" style="-uslm-lc:I658143"><num class="fontsize12" value="836">SEC. 836. </num><sidenote><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff58f93e-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180"><ref href="/us/usc/t51/s30307">51 USC 30307 note</ref>.</p></sidenote><heading>COST ESTIMATION.</heading><subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff59475f-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s836/a" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="a">(a) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Sense of Congress</inline>.—</heading><chapeau>It is the sense of Congress that—</chapeau><paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff594760-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s836/a/1" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="1">(1) </num><content>realistic cost estimating is critically important to the ultimate success of major space development projects; and</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff594761-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s836/a/2" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="2">(2) </num><content>the Administration has devoted significant efforts over the past 5 years to improving its cost estimating capabilities, but it is important that the Administration continue its efforts to develop and implement guidance in establishing realistic cost estimates.</content></paragraph> </subsection> <subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff594762-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s836/b" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="b">(b) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Guidance and Criteria</inline>.—</heading><chapeau>The Administrator shall provide to its acquisition programs and projects, in a manner consistent with the Administration’s Space Flight Program and Project Management Requirements—</chapeau><paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff594763-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s836/b/1" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="1">(1) </num><content>guidance on when to use an Independent Cost Estimate and Independent Cost Assessment; and</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff594764-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s836/b/2" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="2">(2) </num><content>criteria to use to make a determination under paragraph (1).</content></paragraph> </subsection> </section> <section id="d184391e7024" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s837" style="-uslm-lc:I658143"><num class="fontsize12" value="837">SEC. 837. </num><sidenote><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff594765-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180"><ref href="/us/usc/t51/s31502">51 USC 31502 note</ref>.</p></sidenote><heading>FACILITIES AND INFRASTRUCTURE.</heading><subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff5a58d6-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s837/a" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="a">(a) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Sense of Congress</inline>.—</heading><chapeau>It is the sense of Congress that—</chapeau><paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff5a58d7-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s837/a/1" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="1">(1) </num><content>the Administration must address, mitigate, and reverse, where possible, the deterioration of its facilities and infrastructure, as their condition is hampering the effectiveness and efficiency of research performed by both the Administration and industry participants making use of Administration facilities, thus harming the competitiveness of the United States aerospace industry;</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff5a58d8-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s837/a/2" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="2">(2) </num><content>the Administration has a role in providing laboratory capabilities to industry participants that are not economically viable as commercial entities and thus are not available elsewhere;</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff5a58d9-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s837/a/3" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="3">(3) </num><content>to ensure continued access to reliable and efficient world-class facilities by researchers, the Administration should establish strategic partnerships with other Federal agencies, State agencies, FAA-licensed spaceports, institutions of higher education, and industry, as appropriate; and</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff5a58da-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s837/a/4" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="4">(4) </num><content>decisions on whether to dispose of, maintain, or modernize existing facilities must be made in the context of meeting Administration and other needs, including those required to meet the activities supporting the human exploration roadmap under section 432 of this Act, considering other national laboratory needs as the Administrator deems appropriate.<page identifier="/us/stat/131/70">131 STAT. 70</page></content></paragraph> </subsection> <subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff5a58db-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s837/b" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="b">(b) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Policy</inline>.—</heading><content>It is the policy of the United States that the Administration maintain reliable and efficient facilities and infrastructure and that decisions on whether to dispose of, maintain, or modernize existing facilities or infrastructure be made in the context of meeting future Administration needs.</content></subsection> <subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff5a58dc-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s837/c" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="c">(c) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Plan</inline>.—</heading><paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff5a58dd-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s837/c/1" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="1">(1) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">In general</inline>.—</heading><content>The Administrator shall develop a facilities and infrastructure plan.</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff5a58de-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s837/c/2" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="2">(2) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Goal</inline>.—</heading><content>The goal of the plan is to position the Administration to have the facilities and infrastructure, including laboratories, tools, and approaches, necessary to meet future Administration and other Federal agencies’ laboratory needs.</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff5a58df-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s837/c/3" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="3">(3) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Contents</inline>.—</heading><chapeau>The plan shall identify—</chapeau><subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff5a58e0-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s837/c/3/A" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="A">(A) </num><content>current Administration and other Federal agency laboratory needs;</content></subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff5a58e1-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s837/c/3/B" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="B">(B) </num><content>future Administration research and development and testing needs;</content></subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff5a58e2-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s837/c/3/C" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="C">(C) </num><sidenote><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff5a58e3-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">Strategy.</p></sidenote><chapeau>a strategy for identifying facilities and infrastructure that are candidates for disposal, that is consistent with the national strategic direction set forth in—</chapeau><clause class="fontsize10" id="yff5a58e4-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s837/c/3/C/i" style="-uslm-lc:I658126"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="i">(i) </num><content>the National Space Policy;</content></clause> <clause class="fontsize10" id="yff5a58e5-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s837/c/3/C/ii" style="-uslm-lc:I658126"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="ii">(ii) </num><content>the National Aeronautics Research, Development, Test, and Evaluation Infrastructure Plan;</content></clause> <clause class="fontsize10" id="yff5a58e6-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s837/c/3/C/iii" style="-uslm-lc:I658126"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="iii">(iii) </num><content>the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2005 (<ref href="/us/pl/109/155">Public Law 109–155</ref>; <ref href="/us/stat/119/2895">119 Stat. 2895</ref>), National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2008 (<ref href="/us/pl/110/422">Public Law 110–422</ref>; <ref href="/us/stat/122/4779">122 Stat. 4779</ref>), and National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2010 (<ref href="/us/usc/t42/s18301/etseq">42 U.S.C. 18301 et seq.</ref>); and</content></clause> <clause class="fontsize10" id="yff5a58e7-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s837/c/3/C/iv" style="-uslm-lc:I658126"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="iv">(iv) </num><content>the human exploration roadmap under section 432 of this Act;</content></clause> </subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff5a58e8-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s837/c/3/D" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="D">(D) </num><sidenote><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff5a58e9-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">Strategy.</p></sidenote><content>a strategy for the maintenance, repair, upgrading, and modernization of Administration facilities and infrastructure, including laboratories and equipment;</content></subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff5a58ea-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s837/c/3/E" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="E">(E) </num><sidenote><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff5a58eb-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">Criteria.</p></sidenote><chapeau>criteria for—</chapeau><clause class="fontsize10" id="yff5a58ec-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s837/c/3/E/i" style="-uslm-lc:I658126"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="i">(i) </num><content>prioritizing deferred maintenance tasks;</content></clause> <clause class="fontsize10" id="yff5a58ed-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s837/c/3/E/ii" style="-uslm-lc:I658126"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="ii">(ii) </num><content>maintaining, repairing, upgrading, or modernizing Administration facilities and infrastructure; and</content></clause> <clause class="fontsize10" id="yff5a58ee-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s837/c/3/E/iii" style="-uslm-lc:I658126"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="iii">(iii) </num><content>implementing processes, plans, and policies for guiding the Administration’s Centers on whether to maintain, repair, upgrade, or modernize a facility or infrastructure and for determining the type of instrument to be used;</content></clause> </subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff5a58ef-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s837/c/3/F" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="F">(F) </num><sidenote><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff5a58f0-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">Assessment.</p></sidenote><content>an assessment of modifications needed to maximize usage of facilities that offer unique and highly specialized benefits to the aerospace industry and the American public; and</content></subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff5a58f1-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s837/c/3/G" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="G">(G) </num><sidenote><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff5a58f2-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">Timeline.</p><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff5a58f3-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">Estimate.</p></sidenote><content>implementation steps, including a timeline, milestones, and an estimate of resources required for carrying out the plan.</content></subparagraph> </paragraph> </subsection> <subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff5a58f4-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s837/d" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="d">(d) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Requirement To Establish Policy</inline>.—</heading><paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff5a58f5-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s837/d/1" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="1">(1) </num><sidenote><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff5a58f6-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">Deadline.</p><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff5a58f7-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">Public information.</p></sidenote><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">In general</inline>.—</heading><content>Not later than 180 days after the date of enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall establish and make publicly available a policy that guides the Administration’s use of existing authorities to out-grant, lease, excess to the General Services Administration, sell, decommission, <page identifier="/us/stat/131/71">131 STAT. 71</page> demolish, or otherwise transfer property, facilities, or infrastructure.</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff5a58f8-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s837/d/2" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="2">(2) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Criteria</inline>.—</heading><content>The policy shall include criteria for the use of authorities, best practices, standardized procedures, and guidelines for how to appropriately manage property, facilities, and infrastructure.</content></paragraph> </subsection> <subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff5a58f9-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s837/e" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="e">(e) </num><sidenote><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff5a58fa-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">Deadline.</p></sidenote><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Submission to Congress</inline>.—</heading><content>Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall submit to the appropriate committees of Congress the plan developed under subsection (c).</content></subsection> </section> <section id="d184391e7262" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s838" role="instruction" style="-uslm-lc:I658143"><num class="fontsize12" value="838">SEC. 838. </num><heading>HUMAN SPACE FLIGHT ACCIDENT INVESTIGATIONS.</heading><chapeau class="indentUp0 firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="xff5a800b-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658120">  <ref href="/us/usc/t51/s70702">Section 70702 of title 51, United States Code</ref>, <amendingAction type="amend">is amended</amendingAction>—</chapeau><paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff5a800c-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s838/1" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="1">(1) </num><content>by <amendingAction type="amend">amending</amendingAction> subsection (a)(3) to read as follows:<quotedContent><paragraph class="indentUp0 fontsize10" id="yff5aa71d-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="3">“(3) </num><chapeau>any other orbital or suborbital space vehicle carrying humans that is—</chapeau><subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff5aa71e-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="A">“(A) </num><content>owned by the Federal Government; or</content></subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff5aa71f-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="B">“(B) </num><content>being used pursuant to a contract or Space Act Agreement with the Federal Government for carrying a government astronaut or a researcher funded by the Federal Government; or”</content></subparagraph> </paragraph> </quotedContent>; and</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff5aa720-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s838/2" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="2">(2) </num><content>by <amendingAction type="add">adding</amendingAction> at the end the following:<quotedContent><subsection class="indentDown1 firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff5aa721-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="c">“(c) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Definitions</inline>.—</heading><chapeau>In this section:</chapeau><paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff5aa722-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" role="definitions" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="1">“(1) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Government astronaut</inline>.—</heading><content>The term ‘<term>government astronaut</term>’ has the meaning given the term in section 50902.</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff5aa723-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" role="definitions" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="2">“(2) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Space act agreement</inline>.—</heading><content>The term ‘<term>Space Act Agreement</term>’ means an agreement entered into by the Administration pursuant to its other transactions authority under section 20113(e).”</content></paragraph> </subsection> </quotedContent>.</content></paragraph> </section> <section id="d184391e7339" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s839" style="-uslm-lc:I658143"><num class="fontsize12" value="839">SEC. 839. </num><heading>ORBITAL DEBRIS.</heading><subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff5af544-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s839/a" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="a">(a) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Findings</inline>.—</heading><chapeau>Congress finds that—</chapeau><paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff5af545-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s839/a/1" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="1">(1) </num><content>orbital debris poses serious risks to the operational space capabilities of the United States;</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff5af546-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s839/a/2" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="2">(2) </num><content>an international commitment and integrated strategic plan are needed to mitigate the growth of orbital debris wherever possible; and</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff5af547-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s839/a/3" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="3">(3) </num><content>the delay in the Office of Science and Technology Policy’s submission of a report on the status of international coordination and development of orbital debris mitigation strategies is inconsistent with such risks.</content></paragraph> </subsection> <subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff5af548-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s839/b" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="b">(b) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Reports</inline>.—</heading><paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff5af549-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s839/b/1" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="1">(1) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Coordination</inline>.—</heading><content>Not later than 90 days after the date of enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall submit to the appropriate committees of Congress a report on the status of efforts to coordinate with foreign countries within the Inter-Agency Space Debris Coordination Committee to mitigate the effects and growth of orbital debris under section 1202(b)(1) of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2010 (<ref href="/us/usc/t42/s18441/b/1">42 U.S.C. 18441(b)(1)</ref>).</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff5af54a-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s839/b/2" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="2">(2) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Mitigation strategy</inline>.—</heading><content>Not later than 90 days after the date of enactment of this Act, the Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy shall submit to the appropriate committees of Congress a report on the status of the orbital debris mitigation strategy required under section 1202(b)(2) of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2010 (<ref href="/us/usc/t42/s18441/b/2">42 U.S.C. 18441(b)(2)</ref>).<page identifier="/us/stat/131/72">131 STAT. 72</page></content></paragraph> </subsection> </section> <section id="d184391e7404" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s840" style="-uslm-lc:I658143"><num class="fontsize12" value="840">SEC. 840. </num><heading>REVIEW OF ORBITAL DEBRIS REMOVAL CONCEPTS.</heading><subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff5b436b-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s840/a" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="a">(a) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Sense of Congress</inline>.—</heading><chapeau>It is the sense of Congress that—</chapeau><paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff5b436c-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s840/a/1" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="1">(1) </num><content>orbital debris in low-Earth orbit poses significant risks to spacecraft;</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff5b436d-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s840/a/2" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="2">(2) </num><content>such orbital debris may increase due to collisions between existing debris objects; and</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff5b436e-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s840/a/3" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="3">(3) </num><content>understanding options to address and remove orbital debris is important for ensuring safe and effective spacecraft operations in low-Earth orbit.</content></paragraph> </subsection> <subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff5b436f-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s840/b" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="b">(b) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Review</inline>.—</heading><paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff5b4370-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s840/b/1" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="1">(1) </num><sidenote><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff5b4371-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">Deadline.</p></sidenote><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">In general</inline>.—</heading><chapeau>Not later than 270 days after the date of enactment of this Act, the Administrator—</chapeau><subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff5b4372-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s840/b/1/A" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="A">(A) </num><content>in collaboration with the heads of other relevant Federal agencies, shall solicit and review concepts and options for removing orbital debris from low-Earth orbit; and</content></subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff5b4373-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s840/b/1/B" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="B">(B) </num><sidenote><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff5b4374-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">Reports.</p><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff5b4375-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">Recommenda-</p><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff5b4376-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">tions.</p></sidenote><content>shall submit to the appropriate committees of Congress a report on the solicitation and review under subparagraph (A), including recommendations on the best options for decreasing the risks associated with orbital debris.</content></subparagraph> </paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff5b4377-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s840/b/2" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="2">(2) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Requirements</inline>.—</heading><content>The solicitation and review under paragraph (1) shall address the requirements for and feasibility of developing and implementing each of the options.</content></paragraph> </subsection> </section> <section id="d184391e7479" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s841" style="-uslm-lc:I658143"><num class="fontsize12" value="841">SEC. 841. </num><sidenote><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff5b4378-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180"><ref href="/us/usc/t51/s20113">51 USC 20113 note</ref>.</p></sidenote><heading>SPACE ACT AGREEMENTS.</heading><subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff5c54e9-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s841/a" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="a">(a) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Sense of Congress</inline>.—</heading><content>It is the sense of Congress that, when used appropriately, Space Act Agreements can provide significant value in furtherance of NASA’s mission.</content></subsection> <subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff5c54ea-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s841/b" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="b">(b) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Funded Space Act Agreements</inline>.—</heading><content>To the extent appropriate, the Administrator shall seek to maximize the value of contributions provided by other parties under a funded Space Act Agreement in order to advance NASA’s mission.</content></subsection> <subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff5c54eb-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s841/c" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="c">(c) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Non-exclusivity</inline>.—</heading><paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff5c54ec-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s841/c/1" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="1">(1) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">In general</inline>.—</heading><chapeau>The Administrator shall, to the greatest extent practicable, issue each Space Act Agreement—</chapeau><subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff5c54ed-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s841/c/1/A" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="A">(A) </num><content>except as provided in paragraph (2), on a nonexclusive basis;</content></subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff5c54ee-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s841/c/1/B" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="B">(B) </num><content>in a manner that ensures all non-government parties have equal access to NASA resources; and</content></subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff5c54ef-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s841/c/1/C" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="C">(C) </num><content>exercising reasonable care not to reveal unique or proprietary information.</content></subparagraph> </paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff5c54f0-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s841/c/2" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="2">(2) </num><sidenote><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff5c54f1-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">Determination.</p></sidenote><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Exclusivity</inline>.—</heading><chapeau>If the Administrator determines an exclusive arrangement is necessary, the Administrator shall, to the greatest extent practicable, issue the Space Act Agreement—</chapeau><subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff5c54f2-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s841/c/2/A" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="A">(A) </num><content>utilizing a competitive selection process when exclusive arrangements are necessary; and</content></subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff5c54f3-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s841/c/2/B" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="B">(B) </num><content>pursuant to public announcements when exclusive arrangements are necessary.</content></subparagraph> </paragraph> </subsection> <subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff5c54f4-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s841/d" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="d">(d) </num><sidenote><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff5c54f5-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">Public information.</p><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff5c54f6-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">Web posting.</p><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff5c54f7-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">Estimate.</p><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff5c54f8-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">Deadline.</p></sidenote><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Transparency</inline>.—</heading><content>The Administrator shall publicly disclose on the Administration’s website and make available in a searchable format each Space Act Agreement, including an estimate of committed NASA resources and the expected benefits to agency objectives for each agreement, with appropriate redactions for proprietary, sensitive, or classified information, not later than 60 days after such agreement is signed by the parties.</content></subsection> <subsection class="firstIndent0 fontsize10" id="yff5c54f9-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s841/e" style="-uslm-lc:I658120"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="e">(e) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Annual Reports</inline>.—</heading><page identifier="/us/stat/131/73">131 STAT. 73</page> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff5c54fa-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s841/e/1" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="1">(1) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Requirement</inline>.—</heading><content>Not later than 90 days after the end of each fiscal year, the Administrator shall submit to the appropriate committees of Congress a report on the use of Space Act Agreement authority by the Administration during the previous fiscal year.</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff5c54fb-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s841/e/2" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="2">(2) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Contents</inline>.—</heading><chapeau>The report shall include for each Space Act Agreement in effect at the time of the report—</chapeau><subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff5c54fc-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s841/e/2/A" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="A">(A) </num><content>an indication of whether the agreement is a reimbursable, non-reimbursable, or funded Space Act Agreement;</content></subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff5c54fd-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s841/e/2/B" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="B">(B) </num><chapeau>a description of—</chapeau><clause class="fontsize10" id="yff5c54fe-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s841/e/2/B/i" style="-uslm-lc:I658126"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="i">(i) </num><content>the subject and terms;</content></clause> <clause class="fontsize10" id="yff5c54ff-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s841/e/2/B/ii" style="-uslm-lc:I658126"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="ii">(ii) </num><content>the parties;</content></clause> <clause class="fontsize10" id="yff5c5500-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s841/e/2/B/iii" style="-uslm-lc:I658126"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="iii">(iii) </num><chapeau>the responsible—</chapeau><subclause class="fontsize10" id="yff5c7c11-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s841/e/2/B/iii/I" style="-uslm-lc:I658128"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="I">(I) </num><content>Mission Directorate;</content></subclause> <subclause class="fontsize10" id="yff5c7c12-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s841/e/2/B/iii/II" style="-uslm-lc:I658128"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="II">(II) </num><content>Center; or</content></subclause> <subclause class="fontsize10" id="yff5c7c13-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s841/e/2/B/iii/III" style="-uslm-lc:I658128"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="III">(III) </num><content>headquarters element;</content></subclause> </clause> <clause class="fontsize10" id="yff5c7c14-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s841/e/2/B/iv" style="-uslm-lc:I658126"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="iv">(iv) </num><content>the value;</content></clause> <clause class="fontsize10" id="yff5c7c15-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s841/e/2/B/v" style="-uslm-lc:I658126"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="v">(v) </num><content>the extent of the cost sharing among Federal Government and non-Federal sources;</content></clause> <clause class="fontsize10" id="yff5c7c16-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s841/e/2/B/vi" style="-uslm-lc:I658126"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="vi">(vi) </num><content>the time period or schedule; and</content></clause> <clause class="fontsize10" id="yff5c7c17-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s841/e/2/B/vii" style="-uslm-lc:I658126"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="vii">(vii) </num><content>all milestones; and</content></clause> </subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff5c7c18-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s841/e/2/C" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="C">(C) </num><content>an indication of whether the agreement was renewed during the previous fiscal year.</content></subparagraph> </paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff5c7c19-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s841/e/3" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="3">(3) </num><sidenote><p class="leftAlign firstIndent0 fontsize8" id="xff5c7c1a-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" style="-uslm-lc:I658180">Lists.</p></sidenote><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Anticipated agreements</inline>.—</heading><content>The report shall include a list of all anticipated reimbursable, non-reimbursable, and funded Space Act Agreements for the upcoming fiscal year.</content></paragraph> <paragraph class="fontsize10" id="yff5c7c1b-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s841/e/4" style="-uslm-lc:I658122"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="4">(4) </num><heading class="fontsize10"><inline class="smallCaps">Cumulative program benefits</inline>.—</heading><chapeau>The report shall include, with respect to each Space Act Agreement covered by the report, a summary of—</chapeau><subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff5c7c1c-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s841/e/4/A" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="A">(A) </num><content>the technology areas in which research projects were conducted under that agreement;</content></subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff5c7c1d-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s841/e/4/B" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="B">(B) </num><chapeau>the extent to which the use of that agreement—</chapeau><clause class="fontsize10" id="yff5c7c1e-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s841/e/4/B/i" style="-uslm-lc:I658126"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="i">(i) </num><content>has contributed to a broadening of the technology and industrial base available for meeting Administration needs; and</content></clause> <clause class="fontsize10" id="yff5c7c1f-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s841/e/4/B/ii" style="-uslm-lc:I658126"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="ii">(ii) </num><content>has fostered within the technology and industrial base new relationships and practices that support the United States; and<page identifier="/us/stat/131/74">131 STAT. 74</page></content></clause> </subparagraph> <subparagraph class="fontsize10" id="yff5c7c20-e83f-11f0-a1e4-69761a48a15a" identifier="/us/pl/115/10/tVIII/stB/s841/e/4/C" style="-uslm-lc:I658124"><num class="fontsize10" style="-uslm-lc:emspace2" value="C">(C) </num><content>the total amount of value received by the Federal Government during the fiscal year under that agreement.</content></subparagraph> </paragraph> </subsection> </section> </subtitle> Approved March 21, 2017.
LEGISLATIVE HISTORY—S. 442: CONGRESSIONAL RECORD, Vol. 163 (2017):

Feb. 17, considered and passed Senate.

Mar. 7, considered and passed House.

 DAILY COMPILATION OF PRESIDENTIAL DOCUMENTS (2017):

Mar. 21, Presidential remarks.

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