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    <constitutionalAuthorityStatementText><![CDATA[<pre>[Congressional Record Volume 171, Number 179 (Tuesday, October 28, 2025)][House]From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [<a href="https://www.gpo.gov">www.gpo.gov</a>]By Mr. MAST:H.R. 5853.Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuantto the following:Congress has the power to regulate commerce with foreignnations pursuant to Article I, Section 8, Clause 3 of theConstitution of the United States.[Page H4560]</pre>]]></constitutionalAuthorityStatementText>
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        <title>A bill to amend the Export Control Reform Act of 2018 to increase the civil penalties that may be imposed under that Act.</title>
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        <text>Ordered to be Reported by the Yeas and Nays: 44 - 0.</text>
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        <fullName>Rep. Self, Keith [R-TX-3]</fullName>
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        <fullName>Rep. McCaul, Michael T. [R-TX-10]</fullName>
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        <fullName>Rep. Lawler, Michael [R-NY-17]</fullName>
        <firstName>Michael</firstName>
        <lastName>Lawler</lastName>
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        <title>H.R. 5853, a bill to amend the Export Control Reform Act of 2018 to increase the civil penalties that may be imposed under such Act</title>
        <url>https://www.cbo.gov/publication/62734</url>
        <description>As ordered reported by the House Committee on Foreign Affairs on April 22, 2026</description>
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        <text><![CDATA[<p>This bill increases civil penalties for&nbsp;violations of U.S. export control laws.&nbsp;</p><p>Specifically, the bill increases the maximum statutory civil penalty for each violation of any regulation, order, or license issued under the Export Control Reform Act of 2018 (ECRA) to $1.2 million or four times the value of the transaction, whichever is greater. (Currently, the maximum statutory civil penalty for each violation of ECRA is&nbsp;$300,000 or twice the value of the transaction, whichever is greater. The Department of Commerce's Bureau of Industry and Security adjusts this maximum amount annually for inflation.)</p>]]></text>
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    <title>To amend the Export Control Reform Act of 2018 to increase the civil penalties that may be imposed under such Act.</title>
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      <actionDate>2026-04-22</actionDate>
      <text>Ordered to be Reported by the Yeas and Nays: 44 - 0.</text>
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    <dc:rights>Pursuant to Title 17 Section 105 of the United States Code, this file is not subject to copyright protection and is in the public domain.</dc:rights>
    <dc:contributor>Congressional Research Service, Library of Congress</dc:contributor>
    <dc:description>This file contains bill summaries and statuses for federal legislation. A bill summary describes the most significant provisions of a piece of legislation and details the effects the legislative text may have on current law and federal programs. Bill summaries are authored by the Congressional Research Service (CRS) of the Library of Congress. As stated in Public Law 91-510 (2 USC 166 (d)(6)), one of the duties of CRS is "to prepare summaries and digests of bills and resolutions of a public general nature introduced in the Senate or House of Representatives". For more information, refer to the User Guide that accompanies this file.</dc:description>
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