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    <number>4455</number>
    <updateDate>2023-01-11T13:26:39Z</updateDate>
    <updateDateIncludingText>2023-01-11T13:26:39Z</updateDateIncludingText>
    <originChamber>House</originChamber>
    <originChamberCode>H</originChamberCode>
    <type>HR</type>
    <introducedDate>2014-04-10</introducedDate>
    <congress>113</congress>
    <constitutionalAuthorityStatementText><![CDATA[<pre>From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [<a href='http://www.gpo.gov'>www.gpo.gov</a>]By Mr. FOSTER:H.R. 4455.Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuantto the following:To make all Laws which shall be necessary and proper forcarrying into Execution the foregoing Powers, and all otherPowers vested by this Constitution in the Government of theUnited States, or in any Department or Officer thereof[Page H3197]</pre>]]></constitutionalAuthorityStatementText>
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        <name>Education and the Workforce Committee</name>
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            <name>Higher Education and Workforce Development Subcomittee</name>
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                <name>Referred to</name>
                <date>2014-06-13T17:49:56Z</date>
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            <name>Research and Technology Subcommittee</name>
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                <name>Referred to</name>
                <date>2014-04-21T21:07:39Z</date>
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        <actionDate>2014-06-13</actionDate>
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        <text>Referred to the Subcommittee on Higher Education and Workforce Training.</text>
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        <actionDate>2014-04-21</actionDate>
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        <text>Referred to the Subcommittee on Research and Technology.</text>
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        <actionDate>2014-04-10</actionDate>
        <text>Referred to the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology, and in addition to the Committee on Education and the Workforce, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned.</text>
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            <name>Education and the Workforce Committee</name>
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        <actionDate>2014-04-10</actionDate>
        <text>Referred to the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology, and in addition to the Committee on Education and the Workforce, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned.</text>
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    <sponsors>
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        <bioguideId>F000454</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Foster, Bill [D-IL-11]</fullName>
        <firstName>Bill</firstName>
        <lastName>Foster</lastName>
        <party>D</party>
        <state>IL</state>
        <district>11</district>
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        <bioguideId>R000053</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Rangel, Charles B. [D-NY-13]</fullName>
        <firstName>CHARLES</firstName>
        <lastName>RANGEL</lastName>
        <party>D</party>
        <state>NY</state>
        <middleName>B.</middleName>
        <district>13</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2014-04-10</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>True</isOriginalCosponsor>
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      <item>
        <bioguideId>J000032</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Jackson Lee, Sheila [D-TX-18]</fullName>
        <firstName>SHEILA</firstName>
        <lastName>JACKSON LEE</lastName>
        <party>D</party>
        <state>TX</state>
        <district>18</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2014-04-10</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>True</isOriginalCosponsor>
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          <name>Congressional oversight</name>
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          <name>Education programs funding</name>
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          <name>Educational technology and distance education</name>
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        <item>
          <name>Government information and archives</name>
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        <item>
          <name>Higher education</name>
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          <name>Internet and video services</name>
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        <item>
          <name>Internet, web applications, social media</name>
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          <name>Student aid and college costs</name>
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        <name>Science, Technology, Communications</name>
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    <summaries>
      <summary>
        <versionCode>00</versionCode>
        <actionDate>2014-04-10</actionDate>
        <actionDesc>Introduced in House</actionDesc>
        <updateDate>2014-06-17T22:01:10Z</updateDate>
        <text><![CDATA[ <p>Learning Opportunities With Creation of Open Source Textbooks (LOW COST) Act of 2014 - Requires the Director of the National Science Foundation (NSF) to develop high quality, college freshman-level, open source materials that: (1) contain, at minimum, a comprehensive set of textbooks or other educational materials covering topics in physics, chemistry, and calculus; (2) are posted on the Federal Open Source Material Website (Website); and (3) are free of copyright violations.</p> <p>Requires the Director to establish and maintain the Website.</p> <p>Requires materials on the Website to be made available free of charge. Allows those materials to be downloaded, redistributed, or revised by the public.</p> <p>Directs the head of each federal agency that spends more than a specified amount in a fiscal year on scientific education or research to use at least 2% of those funds to collaborate with the heads of other such agencies or any federally funded research and development center to develop and implement procedures for checking the veracity, accuracy, and educational effectiveness of open source materials that are posted on the Website.</p>]]></text>
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    </summaries>
    <title>Learning Opportunities With Creation of Open Source Textbooks (LOW COST) Act of 2014</title>
    <titles>
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        <titleType>Display Title</titleType>
        <title>Learning Opportunities With Creation of Open Source Textbooks (LOW COST) Act of 2014</title>
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        <titleType>Official Title as Introduced</titleType>
        <title>To require Federal agencies to collaborate in the development of freely available open source educational materials in college-level physics, chemistry, and math, and for other purposes.</title>
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        <titleType>Short Titles as Introduced</titleType>
        <title>Learning Opportunities With Creation of Open Source Textbooks (LOW COST) Act of 2014</title>
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        <type>Introduced in House</type>
        <date>2014-04-10T04:00:00Z</date>
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            <url>https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/BILLS-113hr4455ih/xml/BILLS-113hr4455ih.xml</url>
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    <latestAction>
      <actionDate>2014-06-13</actionDate>
      <text>Referred to the Subcommittee on Higher Education and Workforce Training.</text>
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    <dc:rights>Pursuant to Title 17 Section 105 of the United States Code, this file is not subject to copyright protection and is in the public domain.</dc:rights>
    <dc:contributor>Congressional Research Service, Library of Congress</dc:contributor>
    <dc:description>This file contains bill summaries and statuses for federal legislation. A bill summary describes the most significant provisions of a piece of legislation and details the effects the legislative text may have on current law and federal programs. Bill summaries are authored by the Congressional Research Service (CRS) of the Library of Congress. As stated in Public Law 91-510 (2 USC 166 (d)(6)), one of the duties of CRS is "to prepare summaries and digests of bills and resolutions of a public general nature introduced in the Senate or House of Representatives". For more information, refer to the User Guide that accompanies this file.</dc:description>
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