<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="no"?>
<billStatus>
  <version>3.0.0</version>
  <bill>
    <number>885</number>
    <updateDate>2021-09-28T13:14:12Z</updateDate>
    <updateDateIncludingText>2021-09-28T13:14:12Z</updateDateIncludingText>
    <originChamber>House</originChamber>
    <originChamberCode>H</originChamberCode>
    <type>HR</type>
    <introducedDate>2011-03-02</introducedDate>
    <congress>112</congress>
    <constitutionalAuthorityStatementText><![CDATA[<pre>From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [<a href='http://www.gpo.gov'>www.gpo.gov</a>]By Mr. VAN HOLLEN:H.R. 885.Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuantto the following:This bill is enacted pursuant to Clause 1 of Section 8 ofArticle I of the United States Constitution.[Page H1525]</pre>]]></constitutionalAuthorityStatementText>
    <committees>
      <item>
        <systemCode>hsed00</systemCode>
        <name>Education and the Workforce Committee</name>
        <chamber>House</chamber>
        <type>Standing</type>
        <subcommittees>
          <item>
            <systemCode>hsed14</systemCode>
            <name>Early Childhood, Elementary, and Secondary Education Subcommittee</name>
            <activities>
              <item>
                <name>Referred to</name>
                <date>2011-03-21T19:59:20Z</date>
              </item>
            </activities>
          </item>
        </subcommittees>
        <activities>
          <item>
            <name>Referred to</name>
            <date>2011-03-02T15:02:25Z</date>
          </item>
        </activities>
      </item>
    </committees>
    <actions>
      <item>
        <actionDate>2011-03-21</actionDate>
        <committees>
          <item>
            <systemCode>hsed14</systemCode>
            <name>Early Childhood, Elementary, and Secondary Education Subcommittee</name>
          </item>
        </committees>
        <sourceSystem>
          <code>1</code>
          <name>House committee actions</name>
        </sourceSystem>
        <text>Referred to the Subcommittee on Early Childhood, Elementary, and Secondary Education.</text>
        <type>Committee</type>
      </item>
      <item>
        <actionDate>2011-03-02</actionDate>
        <text>Referred to the House Committee on Education and the Workforce.</text>
        <type>IntroReferral</type>
        <actionCode>H11100</actionCode>
        <sourceSystem>
          <code>2</code>
          <name>House floor actions</name>
        </sourceSystem>
        <committees>
          <item>
            <systemCode>hsed00</systemCode>
            <name>Education and the Workforce Committee</name>
          </item>
        </committees>
      </item>
      <item>
        <actionDate>2011-03-02</actionDate>
        <text>Introduced in House</text>
        <type>IntroReferral</type>
        <actionCode>Intro-H</actionCode>
        <sourceSystem>
          <code>9</code>
          <name>Library of Congress</name>
        </sourceSystem>
      </item>
      <item>
        <actionDate>2011-03-02</actionDate>
        <text>Introduced in House</text>
        <type>IntroReferral</type>
        <actionCode>1000</actionCode>
        <sourceSystem>
          <code>9</code>
          <name>Library of Congress</name>
        </sourceSystem>
      </item>
    </actions>
    <sponsors>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>V000128</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Van Hollen, Chris [D-MD-8]</fullName>
        <firstName>Chris</firstName>
        <lastName>Van Hollen</lastName>
        <party>D</party>
        <state>MD</state>
        <district>8</district>
        <isByRequest>N</isByRequest>
      </item>
    </sponsors>
    <cosponsors>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>P000265</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Petri, Thomas E. [R-WI-6]</fullName>
        <firstName>TOM</firstName>
        <lastName>PETRI</lastName>
        <party>R</party>
        <state>WI</state>
        <district>6</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2011-03-02</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>True</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>W000799</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Walz, Timothy J. [D-MN-1]</fullName>
        <firstName>Timothy</firstName>
        <lastName>Walz</lastName>
        <party>D</party>
        <state>MN</state>
        <middleName>J.</middleName>
        <district>1</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2011-03-02</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>True</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>C001069</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Courtney, Joe [D-CT-2]</fullName>
        <firstName>Joe</firstName>
        <lastName>Courtney</lastName>
        <party>D</party>
        <state>CT</state>
        <district>2</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2011-03-03</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>False</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>H001042</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Hirono, Mazie K. [D-HI-2]</fullName>
        <firstName>Mazie</firstName>
        <lastName>Hirono</lastName>
        <party>D</party>
        <state>HI</state>
        <middleName>K.</middleName>
        <district>2</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2011-03-03</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>False</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>M000933</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Moran, James P. [D-VA-8]</fullName>
        <firstName>JAMES</firstName>
        <lastName>MORAN</lastName>
        <party>D</party>
        <state>VA</state>
        <middleName>P.</middleName>
        <district>8</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2011-03-08</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>False</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>P000585</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Platts, Todd Russell [R-PA-19]</fullName>
        <firstName>TODD</firstName>
        <lastName>PLATTS</lastName>
        <party>R</party>
        <state>PA</state>
        <middleName>RUSSELL</middleName>
        <district>19</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2011-03-08</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>False</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>H001047</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Himes, James A. [D-CT-4]</fullName>
        <firstName>James</firstName>
        <lastName>Himes</lastName>
        <party>D</party>
        <state>CT</state>
        <middleName>A.</middleName>
        <district>4</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2011-03-08</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>False</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>D000533</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Duncan, John J., Jr. [R-TN-2]</fullName>
        <firstName>JOHN</firstName>
        <lastName>DUNCAN</lastName>
        <party>R</party>
        <state>TN</state>
        <middleName>J.</middleName>
        <district>2</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2011-03-08</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>False</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>R000573</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Ross, Mike [D-AR-4]</fullName>
        <firstName>MIKE</firstName>
        <lastName>ROSS</lastName>
        <party>D</party>
        <state>AR</state>
        <district>4</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2011-03-08</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>False</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>C000714</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Conyers, John, Jr. [D-MI-14]</fullName>
        <firstName>JOHN</firstName>
        <lastName>CONYERS</lastName>
        <party>D</party>
        <state>MI</state>
        <district>14</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2011-03-08</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>False</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>N000002</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Nadler, Jerrold [D-NY-8]</fullName>
        <firstName>JERROLD</firstName>
        <lastName>NADLER</lastName>
        <party>D</party>
        <state>NY</state>
        <district>8</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2011-03-08</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>False</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>M001149</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Michaud, Michael H. [D-ME-2]</fullName>
        <firstName>Michael</firstName>
        <lastName>Michaud</lastName>
        <party>D</party>
        <state>ME</state>
        <middleName>H.</middleName>
        <district>2</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2011-03-08</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>False</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>U000031</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Upton, Fred [R-MI-6]</fullName>
        <firstName>FRED</firstName>
        <lastName>UPTON</lastName>
        <party>R</party>
        <state>MI</state>
        <district>6</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2011-03-10</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>False</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>C001072</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Carson, Andre [D-IN-7]</fullName>
        <firstName>Andre</firstName>
        <lastName>Carson</lastName>
        <party>D</party>
        <state>IN</state>
        <district>7</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2011-03-10</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>False</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>B001254</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Boren, Dan [D-OK-2]</fullName>
        <firstName>Dan</firstName>
        <lastName>Boren</lastName>
        <party>D</party>
        <state>OK</state>
        <district>2</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2011-03-14</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>False</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>F000449</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Fortenberry, Jeff [R-NE-1]</fullName>
        <firstName>Jeff</firstName>
        <lastName>Fortenberry</lastName>
        <party>R</party>
        <state>NE</state>
        <district>1</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2011-03-29</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>False</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>B001231</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Berkley, Shelley [D-NV-1]</fullName>
        <firstName>SHELLEY</firstName>
        <lastName>BERKLEY</lastName>
        <party>D</party>
        <state>NV</state>
        <district>1</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2011-03-29</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>False</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>H000627</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Hinchey, Maurice D. [D-NY-22]</fullName>
        <firstName>MAURICE</firstName>
        <lastName>HINCHEY</lastName>
        <party>D</party>
        <state>NY</state>
        <middleName>D.</middleName>
        <district>22</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2011-03-29</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>False</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>P000523</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Price, David E. [D-NC-4]</fullName>
        <firstName>DAVID</firstName>
        <lastName>PRICE</lastName>
        <party>D</party>
        <state>NC</state>
        <middleName>E.</middleName>
        <district>4</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2011-03-29</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>False</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>T000469</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Tonko, Paul [D-NY-21]</fullName>
        <firstName>Paul</firstName>
        <lastName>Tonko</lastName>
        <party>D</party>
        <state>NY</state>
        <district>21</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2011-04-13</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>False</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>P000597</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Pingree, Chellie [D-ME-1]</fullName>
        <firstName>Chellie</firstName>
        <lastName>Pingree</lastName>
        <party>D</party>
        <state>ME</state>
        <district>1</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2011-05-03</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>False</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>B001230</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Baldwin, Tammy [D-WI-2]</fullName>
        <firstName>Tammy</firstName>
        <lastName>Baldwin</lastName>
        <party>D</party>
        <state>WI</state>
        <district>2</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2011-05-03</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>False</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>R000581</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Richardson, Laura [D-CA-37]</fullName>
        <firstName>Laura</firstName>
        <lastName>Richardson</lastName>
        <party>D</party>
        <state>CA</state>
        <district>37</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2011-07-08</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>False</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>B001245</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Del. Bordallo, Madeleine Z. [D-GU-At Large]</fullName>
        <firstName>Madeleine</firstName>
        <lastName>Bordallo</lastName>
        <party>D</party>
        <state>GU</state>
        <middleName>Z.</middleName>
        <district>0</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2011-07-08</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>False</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>D000216</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. DeLauro, Rosa L. [D-CT-3]</fullName>
        <firstName>ROSA</firstName>
        <lastName>DELAURO</lastName>
        <party>D</party>
        <state>CT</state>
        <district>3</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2011-07-08</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>False</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>C001037</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Capuano, Michael E. [D-MA-8]</fullName>
        <firstName>MICHAEL</firstName>
        <lastName>CAPUANO</lastName>
        <party>D</party>
        <state>MA</state>
        <middleName>E.</middleName>
        <district>8</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2011-07-08</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>False</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>C001061</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Cleaver, Emanuel [D-MO-5]</fullName>
        <firstName>Emanuel</firstName>
        <lastName>Cleaver</lastName>
        <party>D</party>
        <state>MO</state>
        <district>5</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2011-07-08</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>False</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>C001078</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Connolly, Gerald E. [D-VA-11]</fullName>
        <firstName>Gerald</firstName>
        <lastName>Connolly</lastName>
        <party>D</party>
        <state>VA</state>
        <middleName>E.</middleName>
        <district>11</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2011-07-08</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>False</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>W000793</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Wu, David [D-OR-1]</fullName>
        <firstName>DAVID</firstName>
        <lastName>WU</lastName>
        <party>D</party>
        <state>OR</state>
        <district>1</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2011-07-08</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>False</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>E000288</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Ellison, Keith [D-MN-5]</fullName>
        <firstName>Keith</firstName>
        <lastName>Ellison</lastName>
        <party>D</party>
        <state>MN</state>
        <district>5</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2011-07-14</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>False</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>M000485</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. McIntyre, Mike [D-NC-7]</fullName>
        <firstName>MIKE</firstName>
        <lastName>MCINTYRE</lastName>
        <party>D</party>
        <state>NC</state>
        <district>7</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2011-07-14</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>False</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>G000551</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Grijalva, Raúl M. [D-AZ-7]</fullName>
        <firstName>Raúl</firstName>
        <lastName>Grijalva</lastName>
        <party>D</party>
        <state>AZ</state>
        <middleName>M.</middleName>
        <district>7</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2011-07-14</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>False</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>N000147</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Del. Norton, Eleanor Holmes [D-DC-At Large]</fullName>
        <firstName>ELEANOR</firstName>
        <lastName>NORTON</lastName>
        <party>D</party>
        <state>DC</state>
        <middleName>HOLMES</middleName>
        <district>0</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2011-07-14</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>False</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>B000574</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Blumenauer, Earl [D-OR-3]</fullName>
        <firstName>EARL</firstName>
        <lastName>BLUMENAUER</lastName>
        <party>D</party>
        <state>OR</state>
        <district>3</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2011-07-21</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>False</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>Y000062</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Yarmuth, John A. [D-KY-3]</fullName>
        <firstName>John</firstName>
        <lastName>Yarmuth</lastName>
        <party>D</party>
        <state>KY</state>
        <middleName>A.</middleName>
        <district>3</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2011-07-21</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>False</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>C001068</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Cohen, Steve [D-TN-9]</fullName>
        <firstName>Steve</firstName>
        <lastName>Cohen</lastName>
        <party>D</party>
        <state>TN</state>
        <district>9</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2011-07-21</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>False</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>F000116</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Filner, Bob [D-CA-51]</fullName>
        <firstName>BOB</firstName>
        <lastName>FILNER</lastName>
        <party>D</party>
        <state>CA</state>
        <district>51</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2011-07-26</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>False</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>E000290</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Edwards, Donna F. [D-MD-4]</fullName>
        <firstName>Donna</firstName>
        <lastName>Edwards</lastName>
        <party>D</party>
        <state>MD</state>
        <middleName>F.</middleName>
        <district>4</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2011-07-26</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>False</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>S000185</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Scott, Robert C. "Bobby" [D-VA-3]</fullName>
        <firstName>Robert</firstName>
        <lastName>Scott</lastName>
        <party>D</party>
        <state>VA</state>
        <middleName>C. "Bobby"</middleName>
        <district>3</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2011-08-01</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>False</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>T000459</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Terry, Lee [R-NE-2]</fullName>
        <firstName>LEE</firstName>
        <lastName>TERRY</lastName>
        <party>R</party>
        <state>NE</state>
        <district>2</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2011-10-11</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>False</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>M000312</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. McGovern, James P. [D-MA-3]</fullName>
        <firstName>JAMES</firstName>
        <lastName>MCGOVERN</lastName>
        <party>D</party>
        <state>MA</state>
        <middleName>P.</middleName>
        <district>3</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2011-10-11</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>False</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>M000087</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Maloney, Carolyn B. [D-NY-14]</fullName>
        <firstName>CAROLYN</firstName>
        <lastName>MALONEY</lastName>
        <party>D</party>
        <state>NY</state>
        <middleName>B.</middleName>
        <district>14</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2011-10-24</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>False</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>T000460</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Thompson, Mike [D-CA-1]</fullName>
        <firstName>MIKE</firstName>
        <lastName>THOMPSON</lastName>
        <party>D</party>
        <state>CA</state>
        <district>1</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2011-11-14</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>False</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>N000179</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Napolitano, Grace F. [D-CA-38]</fullName>
        <firstName>GRACE</firstName>
        <lastName>NAPOLITANO</lastName>
        <party>D</party>
        <state>CA</state>
        <middleName>F.</middleName>
        <district>38</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2011-11-15</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>False</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>C001060</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Carnahan, Russ [D-MO-3]</fullName>
        <firstName>Russ</firstName>
        <lastName>Carnahan</lastName>
        <party>D</party>
        <state>MO</state>
        <district>3</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2011-11-16</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>False</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>F000339</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Frank, Barney [D-MA-4]</fullName>
        <firstName>BARNEY</firstName>
        <lastName>FRANK</lastName>
        <party>D</party>
        <state>MA</state>
        <district>4</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2011-12-01</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>False</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>H000636</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Hinojosa, Ruben [D-TX-15]</fullName>
        <firstName>RUBEN</firstName>
        <lastName>HINOJOSA</lastName>
        <party>D</party>
        <state>TX</state>
        <district>15</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2012-03-07</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>False</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>G000410</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Green, Gene [D-TX-29]</fullName>
        <firstName>GENE</firstName>
        <lastName>GREEN</lastName>
        <party>D</party>
        <state>TX</state>
        <district>29</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2012-03-22</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>False</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>D000191</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. DeFazio, Peter A. [D-OR-4]</fullName>
        <firstName>PETER</firstName>
        <lastName>DEFAZIO</lastName>
        <party>D</party>
        <state>OR</state>
        <middleName>A.</middleName>
        <district>4</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2012-03-30</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>False</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>P000596</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Resident Commissioner Pierluisi, Pedro R. [D-PR-At Large]</fullName>
        <firstName>Pedro</firstName>
        <lastName>Pierluisi</lastName>
        <party>D</party>
        <state>PR</state>
        <middleName>R.</middleName>
        <district>0</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2012-04-16</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>False</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>D000598</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Davis, Susan A. [D-CA-53]</fullName>
        <firstName>SUSAN</firstName>
        <lastName>DAVIS</lastName>
        <party>D</party>
        <state>CA</state>
        <middleName>A.</middleName>
        <district>53</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2012-04-16</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>False</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>S000480</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Slaughter, Louise McIntosh [D-NY-28]</fullName>
        <firstName>LOUISE</firstName>
        <lastName>SLAUGHTER</lastName>
        <party>D</party>
        <state>NY</state>
        <middleName>M.</middleName>
        <district>28</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2012-04-25</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>False</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>C001053</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Cole, Tom [R-OK-4]</fullName>
        <firstName>Tom</firstName>
        <lastName>Cole</lastName>
        <party>R</party>
        <state>OK</state>
        <district>4</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2012-04-25</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>False</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>R000577</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Ryan, Tim [D-OH-17]</fullName>
        <firstName>TIM</firstName>
        <lastName>RYAN</lastName>
        <party>D</party>
        <state>OH</state>
        <district>17</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2012-04-25</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>False</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>M001166</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. McNerney, Jerry [D-CA-11]</fullName>
        <firstName>Jerry</firstName>
        <lastName>McNerney</lastName>
        <party>D</party>
        <state>CA</state>
        <district>11</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2012-04-26</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>False</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>D000096</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Davis, Danny K. [D-IL-7]</fullName>
        <firstName>DANNY</firstName>
        <lastName>DAVIS</lastName>
        <party>D</party>
        <state>IL</state>
        <middleName>K.</middleName>
        <district>7</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2012-04-26</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>False</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>O000169</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Owens, William L. [D-NY-23]</fullName>
        <firstName>William</firstName>
        <lastName>Owens</lastName>
        <party>D</party>
        <state>NY</state>
        <middleName>L.</middleName>
        <district>23</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2012-04-26</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>False</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>L000570</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Lujan, Ben Ray [D-NM-3]</fullName>
        <firstName>Ben</firstName>
        <lastName>Lujan</lastName>
        <party>D</party>
        <state>NM</state>
        <middleName>R.</middleName>
        <district>3</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2012-04-26</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>False</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>H001050</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Hanabusa, Colleen W. [D-HI-1]</fullName>
        <firstName>Colleen</firstName>
        <lastName>Hanabusa</lastName>
        <party>D</party>
        <state>HI</state>
        <middleName>W.</middleName>
        <district>1</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2012-04-26</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>False</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>M001143</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. McCollum, Betty [D-MN-4]</fullName>
        <firstName>BETTY</firstName>
        <lastName>MCCOLLUM</lastName>
        <party>D</party>
        <state>MN</state>
        <district>4</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2012-04-26</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>False</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>L000557</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Larson, John B. [D-CT-1]</fullName>
        <firstName>JOHN</firstName>
        <lastName>LARSON</lastName>
        <party>D</party>
        <state>CT</state>
        <middleName>B.</middleName>
        <district>1</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2012-04-26</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>False</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>C001049</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Clay, Wm. Lacy [D-MO-1]</fullName>
        <firstName>WM.</firstName>
        <lastName>CLAY</lastName>
        <party>D</party>
        <state>MO</state>
        <middleName>LACY</middleName>
        <district>1</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2012-04-26</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>False</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>P000099</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Pastor, Ed [D-AZ-4]</fullName>
        <firstName>ED</firstName>
        <lastName>PASTOR</lastName>
        <party>D</party>
        <state>AZ</state>
        <district>4</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2012-04-26</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>False</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>S001180</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Schrader, Kurt [D-OR-5]</fullName>
        <firstName>Kurt</firstName>
        <lastName>Schrader</lastName>
        <party>D</party>
        <state>OR</state>
        <district>5</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2012-05-09</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>False</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>B001259</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Braley, Bruce L. [D-IA-1]</fullName>
        <firstName>Bruce</firstName>
        <lastName>Braley</lastName>
        <party>D</party>
        <state>IA</state>
        <middleName>L.</middleName>
        <district>1</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2012-05-09</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>False</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>C001050</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Cardoza, Dennis A. [D-CA-18]</fullName>
        <firstName>Dennis</firstName>
        <lastName>Cardoza</lastName>
        <party>D</party>
        <state>CA</state>
        <middleName>A.</middleName>
        <district>18</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2012-05-09</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>False</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>K000369</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Kissell, Larry [D-NC-8]</fullName>
        <firstName>Larry</firstName>
        <lastName>Kissell</lastName>
        <party>D</party>
        <state>NC</state>
        <district>8</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2012-05-09</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>False</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>Q000023</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Quigley, Mike [D-IL-5]</fullName>
        <firstName>Mike</firstName>
        <lastName>Quigley</lastName>
        <party>D</party>
        <state>IL</state>
        <district>5</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2012-05-09</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>False</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>N000015</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Neal, Richard E. [D-MA-2]</fullName>
        <firstName>RICHARD</firstName>
        <lastName>NEAL</lastName>
        <party>D</party>
        <state>MA</state>
        <middleName>E.</middleName>
        <district>2</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2012-05-17</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>False</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>C001058</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Chandler, Ben [D-KY-6]</fullName>
        <firstName>Ben</firstName>
        <lastName>Chandler</lastName>
        <party>D</party>
        <state>KY</state>
        <district>6</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2012-06-06</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>False</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>C001085</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Clarke, Hansen [D-MI-13]</fullName>
        <firstName>Hansen</firstName>
        <lastName>Clarke</lastName>
        <party>D</party>
        <state>MI</state>
        <district>13</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2012-06-06</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>False</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
    </cosponsors>
    <policyArea>
      <name>Education</name>
    </policyArea>
    <subjects>
      <legislativeSubjects>
        <item>
          <name>Academic performance and assessments</name>
        </item>
        <item>
          <name>Area studies and international education</name>
        </item>
        <item>
          <name>Earth sciences</name>
        </item>
        <item>
          <name>Education programs funding</name>
        </item>
        <item>
          <name>Educational technology and distance education</name>
        </item>
        <item>
          <name>Elementary and secondary education</name>
        </item>
        <item>
          <name>Geography and mapping</name>
        </item>
        <item>
          <name>Higher education</name>
        </item>
        <item>
          <name>Teaching, teachers, curricula</name>
        </item>
      </legislativeSubjects>
      <policyArea>
        <name>Education</name>
      </policyArea>
    </subjects>
    <summaries>
      <summary>
        <versionCode>00</versionCode>
        <actionDate>2011-03-02</actionDate>
        <actionDesc>Introduced in House</actionDesc>
        <updateDate>2011-03-07T20:26:12Z</updateDate>
        <text><![CDATA[ <p>Teaching Geography is Fundamental Act - Amends the Higher Education Act of 1965 to establish a geography education grant program under title II (Teacher Quality Enhancement).</p> <p>Authorizes the Secretary of Education to award a grant to a national nonprofit educational organization or consortium, with 75% to be used for matching subgrants to institutions of higher education associated with state geographic alliances, nonprofit educational organizations, or state or local educational agencies.</p> <p>Requires program participants to use their grants and subgrants to enhance the geographic literacy of students in kindergarten through grade 12 by supporting specified activities, including: (1) educational research; (2) teacher training; (3) the development of effective teaching tools and learning materials; (4) the application of rigorous academic standards and assessment techniques; (5) comparative studies of world cultures, economies, and environments; and (6) the exchange of information regarding the state of geographic literacy and strategies for its improvement.</p>]]></text>
      </summary>
    </summaries>
    <title>Teaching Geography is Fundamental Act</title>
    <titles>
      <item>
        <titleType>Short Titles as Introduced</titleType>
        <title>Teaching Geography is Fundamental Act</title>
      </item>
      <item>
        <titleType>Display Title</titleType>
        <title>Teaching Geography is Fundamental Act</title>
      </item>
      <item>
        <titleType>Official Title as Introduced</titleType>
        <title>To improve and expand geographic literacy among kindergarten through grade 12 students in the United States by improving professional development programs for kindergarten through grade 12 teachers offered through institutions of higher education.</title>
      </item>
    </titles>
    <textVersions>
      <item>
        <type>Introduced in House</type>
        <date>2011-03-02T05:00:00Z</date>
        <formats>
          <item>
            <url>https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/BILLS-112hr885ih/xml/BILLS-112hr885ih.xml</url>
          </item>
        </formats>
      </item>
    </textVersions>
    <latestAction>
      <actionDate>2011-03-21</actionDate>
      <text>Referred to the Subcommittee on Early Childhood, Elementary, and Secondary Education.</text>
    </latestAction>
  </bill>
  <dublinCore xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">
    <dc:format>text/xml</dc:format>
    <dc:language>EN</dc:language>
    <dc:rights>Pursuant to Title 17 Section 105 of the United States Code, this file is not subject to copyright protection and is in the public domain.</dc:rights>
    <dc:contributor>Congressional Research Service, Library of Congress</dc:contributor>
    <dc:description>This file contains bill summaries and statuses for federal legislation. A bill summary describes the most significant provisions of a piece of legislation and details the effects the legislative text may have on current law and federal programs. Bill summaries are authored by the Congressional Research Service (CRS) of the Library of Congress. As stated in Public Law 91-510 (2 USC 166 (d)(6)), one of the duties of CRS is "to prepare summaries and digests of bills and resolutions of a public general nature introduced in the Senate or House of Representatives". For more information, refer to the User Guide that accompanies this file.</dc:description>
  </dublinCore>
</billStatus>
