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    <updateDate>2021-09-29T17:10:52Z</updateDate>
    <updateDateIncludingText>2021-09-29T17:10:52Z</updateDateIncludingText>
    <originChamber>House</originChamber>
    <originChamberCode>H</originChamberCode>
    <type>HR</type>
    <introducedDate>2008-04-17</introducedDate>
    <congress>110</congress>
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        <name>Energy and Commerce Committee</name>
        <chamber>House</chamber>
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        <text>Referred to the Subcommittee on Health.</text>
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        <text>Referred to the Subcommittee on Trade.</text>
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        <actionDate>2008-04-17</actionDate>
        <text>Referred to the Committee on Energy and Commerce, and in addition to the Committees on Ways and Means, and Foreign Affairs, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned.</text>
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        <text>Referred to the Committee on Energy and Commerce, and in addition to the Committees on Ways and Means, and Foreign Affairs, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned.</text>
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        <actionDate>2008-04-17</actionDate>
        <text>Referred to the Committee on Energy and Commerce, and in addition to the Committees on Ways and Means, and Foreign Affairs, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned.</text>
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        <text>Referred to the Committee on Energy and Commerce, and in addition to the Committees on Ways and Means, and Foreign Affairs, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned.</text>
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    <sponsors>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>T000326</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Towns, Edolphus [D-NY-10]</fullName>
        <firstName>EDOLPHUS</firstName>
        <lastName>TOWNS</lastName>
        <party>D</party>
        <state>NY</state>
        <district>10</district>
        <isByRequest>N</isByRequest>
      </item>
    </sponsors>
    <cosponsors>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>A000357</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Allen, Thomas H. [D-ME-1]</fullName>
        <firstName>THOMAS</firstName>
        <lastName>ALLEN</lastName>
        <party>D</party>
        <state>ME</state>
        <middleName>H.</middleName>
        <district>1</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2008-04-17</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>True</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>B000208</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Bartlett, Roscoe G. [R-MD-6]</fullName>
        <firstName>ROSCOE</firstName>
        <lastName>BARTLETT</lastName>
        <party>R</party>
        <state>MD</state>
        <middleName>G.</middleName>
        <district>6</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2008-04-17</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>True</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>B001259</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Braley, Bruce L. [D-IA-1]</fullName>
        <firstName>Bruce</firstName>
        <lastName>Braley</lastName>
        <party>D</party>
        <state>IA</state>
        <middleName>L.</middleName>
        <district>1</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2008-04-17</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>True</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>L000559</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Langevin, James R. [D-RI-2]</fullName>
        <firstName>JAMES</firstName>
        <lastName>LANGEVIN</lastName>
        <party>D</party>
        <state>RI</state>
        <middleName>R.</middleName>
        <district>2</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2008-04-17</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>True</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>R000578</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Reichert, David G. [R-WA-8]</fullName>
        <firstName>David</firstName>
        <lastName>Reichert</lastName>
        <party>R</party>
        <state>WA</state>
        <middleName>G.</middleName>
        <district>8</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2008-04-17</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>True</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>C001064</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Campbell, John [R-CA-48]</fullName>
        <firstName>John</firstName>
        <lastName>Campbell</lastName>
        <party>R</party>
        <state>CA</state>
        <district>48</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2008-04-17</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>True</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>B001228</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Bono, Mary [R-CA-45]</fullName>
        <firstName>Mary</firstName>
        <lastName>Bono</lastName>
        <party>R</party>
        <state>CA</state>
        <district>45</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2008-04-17</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>True</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>M000087</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Maloney, Carolyn B. [D-NY-14]</fullName>
        <firstName>CAROLYN</firstName>
        <lastName>MALONEY</lastName>
        <party>D</party>
        <state>NY</state>
        <middleName>B.</middleName>
        <district>14</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2008-05-13</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>False</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>B000410</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Berman, Howard L. [D-CA-28]</fullName>
        <firstName>HOWARD</firstName>
        <lastName>BERMAN</lastName>
        <party>D</party>
        <state>CA</state>
        <middleName>L.</middleName>
        <district>28</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2008-05-19</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>False</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>A000022</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Ackerman, Gary L. [D-NY-5]</fullName>
        <firstName>GARY</firstName>
        <lastName>ACKERMAN</lastName>
        <party>D</party>
        <state>NY</state>
        <middleName>L.</middleName>
        <district>5</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2008-05-19</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>False</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>W000784</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Wynn, Albert Russell [D-MD-4]</fullName>
        <firstName>ALBERT</firstName>
        <lastName>WYNN</lastName>
        <party>D</party>
        <state>MD</state>
        <middleName>R.</middleName>
        <district>4</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2008-05-19</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>False</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>F000030</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Farr, Sam [D-CA-17]</fullName>
        <firstName>SAM</firstName>
        <lastName>FARR</lastName>
        <party>D</party>
        <state>CA</state>
        <district>17</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2008-05-20</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>False</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>D000191</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. DeFazio, Peter A. [D-OR-4]</fullName>
        <firstName>PETER</firstName>
        <lastName>DEFAZIO</lastName>
        <party>D</party>
        <state>OR</state>
        <middleName>A.</middleName>
        <district>4</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2008-05-20</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>False</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>G000551</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Grijalva, Raúl M. [D-AZ-7]</fullName>
        <firstName>Raúl</firstName>
        <lastName>Grijalva</lastName>
        <party>D</party>
        <state>AZ</state>
        <middleName>M.</middleName>
        <district>7</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2008-05-22</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>False</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>M001140</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Moore, Dennis [D-KS-3]</fullName>
        <firstName>DENNIS</firstName>
        <lastName>MOORE</lastName>
        <party>D</party>
        <state>KS</state>
        <district>3</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2008-06-03</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>False</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>R000462</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Rothman, Steven R. [D-NJ-9]</fullName>
        <firstName>STEVEN</firstName>
        <lastName>ROTHMAN</lastName>
        <party>D</party>
        <state>NJ</state>
        <middleName>R.</middleName>
        <district>9</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2008-06-03</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>False</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>F000116</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Filner, Bob [D-CA-51]</fullName>
        <firstName>BOB</firstName>
        <lastName>FILNER</lastName>
        <party>D</party>
        <state>CA</state>
        <district>51</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2008-06-04</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>False</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>B001227</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Brady, Robert A. [D-PA-1]</fullName>
        <firstName>ROBERT</firstName>
        <lastName>BRADY</lastName>
        <party>D</party>
        <state>PA</state>
        <middleName>A.</middleName>
        <district>1</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2008-06-12</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>False</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>S001145</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Schakowsky, Janice D. [D-IL-9]</fullName>
        <firstName>JANICE</firstName>
        <lastName>SCHAKOWSKY</lastName>
        <party>D</party>
        <state>IL</state>
        <middleName>D.</middleName>
        <district>9</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2008-07-15</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>False</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>C001037</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Capuano, Michael E. [D-MA-8]</fullName>
        <firstName>MICHAEL</firstName>
        <lastName>CAPUANO</lastName>
        <party>D</party>
        <state>MA</state>
        <middleName>E.</middleName>
        <district>8</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2008-07-16</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>False</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>W000738</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Woolsey, Lynn C. [D-CA-6]</fullName>
        <firstName>LYNN</firstName>
        <lastName>WOOLSEY</lastName>
        <party>D</party>
        <state>CA</state>
        <district>6</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2008-07-22</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>False</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>S001150</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Schiff, Adam B. [D-CA-29]</fullName>
        <firstName>ADAM</firstName>
        <lastName>SCHIFF</lastName>
        <party>D</party>
        <state>CA</state>
        <middleName>B.</middleName>
        <district>29</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2008-07-24</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>False</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>I000057</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Israel, Steve [D-NY-2]</fullName>
        <firstName>STEVE</firstName>
        <lastName>ISRAEL</lastName>
        <party>D</party>
        <state>NY</state>
        <district>2</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2008-07-29</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>False</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>P000149</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Payne, Donald M. [D-NJ-10]</fullName>
        <firstName>DONALD</firstName>
        <lastName>PAYNE</lastName>
        <party>D</party>
        <state>NJ</state>
        <middleName>M.</middleName>
        <district>10</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2008-09-08</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>False</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>M000725</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Miller, George [D-CA-7]</fullName>
        <firstName>GEORGE</firstName>
        <lastName>MILLER</lastName>
        <party>D</party>
        <state>CA</state>
        <district>7</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2008-09-08</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>False</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>M000933</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Moran, James P. [D-VA-8]</fullName>
        <firstName>JAMES</firstName>
        <lastName>MORAN</lastName>
        <party>D</party>
        <state>VA</state>
        <middleName>P.</middleName>
        <district>8</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2008-09-18</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>False</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>S001144</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Shays, Christopher [R-CT-4]</fullName>
        <firstName>CHRISTOPHER</firstName>
        <lastName>SHAYS</lastName>
        <party>R</party>
        <state>CT</state>
        <district>4</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2008-09-22</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>False</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>D000482</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Doyle, Michael F. [D-PA-14]</fullName>
        <firstName>MIKE</firstName>
        <lastName>DOYLE</lastName>
        <party>D</party>
        <state>PA</state>
        <district>14</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2008-11-20</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>False</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>W000792</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Weiner, Anthony D. [D-NY-9]</fullName>
        <firstName>ANTHONY</firstName>
        <lastName>WEINER</lastName>
        <party>D</party>
        <state>NY</state>
        <middleName>D.</middleName>
        <district>9</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2008-11-20</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>False</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
    </cosponsors>
    <policyArea>
      <name>Animals</name>
    </policyArea>
    <subjects>
      <legislativeSubjects>
        <item>
          <name>Animal breeding</name>
        </item>
        <item>
          <name>Economics and Public Finance</name>
        </item>
        <item>
          <name>Euthanasia</name>
        </item>
        <item>
          <name>Export controls</name>
        </item>
        <item>
          <name>Federal aid to research</name>
        </item>
        <item>
          <name>Foreign Trade and International Finance</name>
        </item>
        <item>
          <name>Government Operations and Politics</name>
        </item>
        <item>
          <name>Government property</name>
        </item>
        <item>
          <name>Health</name>
        </item>
        <item>
          <name>Import restrictions</name>
        </item>
        <item>
          <name>Laboratory animals</name>
        </item>
        <item>
          <name>Medical ethics</name>
        </item>
        <item>
          <name>Medical research</name>
        </item>
        <item>
          <name>Primates</name>
        </item>
        <item>
          <name>Protection of animals</name>
        </item>
        <item>
          <name>Science and ethics</name>
        </item>
        <item>
          <name>Science, Technology, Communications</name>
        </item>
        <item>
          <name>Veterinary medicine</name>
        </item>
      </legislativeSubjects>
      <policyArea>
        <name>Animals</name>
      </policyArea>
    </subjects>
    <summaries>
      <summary>
        <versionCode>00</versionCode>
        <actionDate>2008-04-17</actionDate>
        <actionDesc>Introduced in House</actionDesc>
        <updateDate>2008-07-16T20:41:31Z</updateDate>
        <text><![CDATA[ <p>Great Ape Protection Act - Prohibits: (1) persons from conducting invasive research on great apes; (2) federal funds from being used to conduct such research; (3) persons from knowingly importing, exporting, transporting, moving, delivering, receiving, possessing, renting, loaning, purchasing, or selling great apes for such research; and (4) persons from breeding great apes for use in such research.</p><p>Declares that this Act does not limit or prevent individualized medical care performed on great apes by licensed veterinarians for the benefit of the great apes.</p><p>Requires the Secretary of Health and Human Services (HHS) to provide for the permanent retirement of all great apes that are owned or under the control of the federal government and that have been used for invasive research. Authorizes the Secretary to provide for the euthanizing of such apes if it is in their best interest as determined by an attending veterinarian and endorsed by a second, unaffiliated veterinarian.</p><p>Defines &quot;invasive research&quot; to mean experimental research that may cause death, bodily injury, pain, distress, fear, injury, or trauma to great apes. Excludes: (1) close observation of natural or voluntary behavior, provided that it does not require the removal of apes from their social group or environment or require an anesthetic or sedation event to collect data or record observations; or (2) post-mortem examinations of great apes following their natural death.</p>]]></text>
      </summary>
    </summaries>
    <title>Great Ape Protection Act</title>
    <titles>
      <item>
        <titleType>Short Titles as Introduced</titleType>
        <title>Great Ape Protection Act</title>
      </item>
      <item>
        <titleType>Display Title</titleType>
        <title>Great Ape Protection Act</title>
      </item>
      <item>
        <titleType>Official Title as Introduced</titleType>
        <title>To prohibit the conducting of invasive research on great apes, and for other purposes.</title>
      </item>
    </titles>
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        <type>Introduced in House</type>
        <date>2008-04-17T04:00:00Z</date>
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          </item>
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    <latestAction>
      <actionDate>2008-04-17</actionDate>
      <text>Referred to the Subcommittee on Health.</text>
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    <dc:rights>Pursuant to Title 17 Section 105 of the United States Code, this file is not subject to copyright protection and is in the public domain.</dc:rights>
    <dc:contributor>Congressional Research Service, Library of Congress</dc:contributor>
    <dc:description>This file contains bill summaries and statuses for federal legislation. A bill summary describes the most significant provisions of a piece of legislation and details the effects the legislative text may have on current law and federal programs. Bill summaries are authored by the Congressional Research Service (CRS) of the Library of Congress. As stated in Public Law 91-510 (2 USC 166 (d)(6)), one of the duties of CRS is "to prepare summaries and digests of bills and resolutions of a public general nature introduced in the Senate or House of Representatives". For more information, refer to the User Guide that accompanies this file.</dc:description>
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