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  <version>3.0.0</version>
  <bill>
    <number>1650</number>
    <updateDate>2023-01-11T19:50:34Z</updateDate>
    <updateDateIncludingText>2023-01-11T19:50:34Z</updateDateIncludingText>
    <originChamber>House</originChamber>
    <originChamberCode>H</originChamberCode>
    <type>HR</type>
    <introducedDate>2007-03-22</introducedDate>
    <congress>110</congress>
    <committees>
      <item>
        <systemCode>hsif00</systemCode>
        <name>Energy and Commerce Committee</name>
        <chamber>House</chamber>
        <type>Standing</type>
        <subcommittees>
          <item>
            <systemCode>hsif17</systemCode>
            <name>Innovation, Data, and Commerce Subcommittee</name>
            <activities>
              <item>
                <name>Referred to</name>
                <date>2007-03-23T19:54:24Z</date>
              </item>
            </activities>
          </item>
        </subcommittees>
        <activities>
          <item>
            <name>Discharged from</name>
            <date>2008-09-18T20:13:30Z</date>
          </item>
          <item>
            <name>Referred to</name>
            <date>2007-03-22T14:00:30Z</date>
          </item>
        </activities>
      </item>
      <item>
        <systemCode>hspw00</systemCode>
        <name>Transportation and Infrastructure Committee</name>
        <chamber>House</chamber>
        <type>Standing</type>
        <subcommittees>
          <item>
            <systemCode>hspw14</systemCode>
            <name>Railroads, Pipelines, and Hazardous Materials Subcommittee</name>
            <activities>
              <item>
                <name>Referred to</name>
                <date>2007-03-23T17:23:06Z</date>
              </item>
            </activities>
          </item>
        </subcommittees>
        <activities>
          <item>
            <name>Discharged from</name>
            <date>2008-09-18T20:13:23Z</date>
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          <item>
            <name>Referred to</name>
            <date>2007-03-22T14:00:25Z</date>
          </item>
        </activities>
      </item>
      <item>
        <systemCode>hsju00</systemCode>
        <name>Judiciary Committee</name>
        <chamber>House</chamber>
        <type>Standing</type>
        <activities>
          <item>
            <name>Reported by</name>
            <date>2008-09-18T20:10:55Z</date>
          </item>
          <item>
            <name>Markup by</name>
            <date>2008-04-30T21:46:45Z</date>
          </item>
          <item>
            <name>Hearings by</name>
            <date>2008-02-25T16:53:52Z</date>
          </item>
          <item>
            <name>Referred to</name>
            <date>2007-03-22T14:00:20Z</date>
          </item>
        </activities>
      </item>
    </committees>
    <committeeReports>
      <committeeReport>
        <citation>H. Rept. 110-860</citation>
      </committeeReport>
    </committeeReports>
    <relatedBills>
      <item>
        <title>Railroad Antitrust Enforcement Act of 2007</title>
        <congress>110</congress>
        <number>772</number>
        <type>S</type>
        <latestAction>
          <actionDate>2007-12-19</actionDate>
          <text>Placed on Senate Legislative Calendar under General Orders. Calendar No. 551.</text>
        </latestAction>
        <relationshipDetails>
          <item>
            <type>Identical bill</type>
            <identifiedBy>CRS</identifiedBy>
          </item>
          <item>
            <type>Related bill</type>
            <identifiedBy>House</identifiedBy>
          </item>
          <item>
            <type>Text similarities</type>
            <identifiedBy>House</identifiedBy>
          </item>
        </relationshipDetails>
      </item>
    </relatedBills>
    <actions>
      <item>
        <actionDate>2008-09-18</actionDate>
        <text>Placed on the Union Calendar, Calendar No. 556.</text>
        <type>Calendars</type>
        <actionCode>H12410</actionCode>
        <sourceSystem>
          <code>2</code>
          <name>House floor actions</name>
        </sourceSystem>
        <calendarNumber>
          <calendar>U00556</calendar>
        </calendarNumber>
      </item>
      <item>
        <actionDate>2008-09-18</actionDate>
        <text>Committee on Energy and Commerce discharged.</text>
        <type>Discharge</type>
        <actionCode>H12300</actionCode>
        <sourceSystem>
          <code>2</code>
          <name>House floor actions</name>
        </sourceSystem>
        <committees>
          <item>
            <systemCode>hsif00</systemCode>
            <name>Energy and Commerce Committee</name>
          </item>
        </committees>
      </item>
      <item>
        <actionDate>2008-09-18</actionDate>
        <text>Committee on Energy and Commerce discharged.</text>
        <type>Committee</type>
        <actionCode>5500</actionCode>
        <sourceSystem>
          <code>9</code>
          <name>Library of Congress</name>
        </sourceSystem>
        <committees>
          <item>
            <systemCode>hsif00</systemCode>
            <name>Energy and Commerce Committee</name>
          </item>
        </committees>
      </item>
      <item>
        <actionDate>2008-09-18</actionDate>
        <text>Committee on Transportation discharged.</text>
        <type>Discharge</type>
        <actionCode>H12300</actionCode>
        <sourceSystem>
          <code>2</code>
          <name>House floor actions</name>
        </sourceSystem>
        <committees>
          <item>
            <systemCode>hspw00</systemCode>
            <name>Transportation and Infrastructure Committee</name>
          </item>
        </committees>
      </item>
      <item>
        <actionDate>2008-09-18</actionDate>
        <text>Committee on Transportation discharged.</text>
        <type>Committee</type>
        <actionCode>5500</actionCode>
        <sourceSystem>
          <code>9</code>
          <name>Library of Congress</name>
        </sourceSystem>
        <committees>
          <item>
            <systemCode>hspw00</systemCode>
            <name>Transportation and Infrastructure Committee</name>
          </item>
        </committees>
      </item>
      <item>
        <actionDate>2008-09-18</actionDate>
        <text>Reported (Amended) by the Committee on Judiciary. H. Rept. 110-860, Part I.</text>
        <type>Committee</type>
        <actionCode>H12200</actionCode>
        <sourceSystem>
          <code>2</code>
          <name>House floor actions</name>
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        <committees>
          <item>
            <systemCode>hsju00</systemCode>
            <name>Judiciary Committee</name>
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        </committees>
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      <item>
        <actionDate>2008-09-18</actionDate>
        <text>Reported (Amended) by the Committee on Judiciary. H. Rept. 110-860, Part I.</text>
        <type>Committee</type>
        <actionCode>5000</actionCode>
        <sourceSystem>
          <code>9</code>
          <name>Library of Congress</name>
        </sourceSystem>
        <committees>
          <item>
            <systemCode>hsju00</systemCode>
            <name>Judiciary Committee</name>
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        </committees>
      </item>
      <item>
        <actionDate>2008-04-30</actionDate>
        <committees>
          <item>
            <systemCode>hsju00</systemCode>
            <name>Judiciary Committee</name>
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        </committees>
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          <code>1</code>
          <name>House committee actions</name>
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        <text>Ordered to be Reported (Amended) by Voice Vote.</text>
        <type>Committee</type>
      </item>
      <item>
        <actionDate>2008-04-30</actionDate>
        <committees>
          <item>
            <systemCode>hsju00</systemCode>
            <name>Judiciary Committee</name>
          </item>
        </committees>
        <sourceSystem>
          <code>1</code>
          <name>House committee actions</name>
        </sourceSystem>
        <text>Committee Consideration and Mark-up Session Held.</text>
        <type>Committee</type>
      </item>
      <item>
        <actionDate>2008-02-25</actionDate>
        <committees>
          <item>
            <systemCode>hsju00</systemCode>
            <name>Judiciary Committee</name>
          </item>
        </committees>
        <sourceSystem>
          <code>1</code>
          <name>House committee actions</name>
        </sourceSystem>
        <text>Hearing Held by the Task Force on Antitrust and Competition Policy.</text>
        <type>Committee</type>
      </item>
      <item>
        <actionDate>2007-03-23</actionDate>
        <committees>
          <item>
            <systemCode>hsif17</systemCode>
            <name>Innovation, Data, and Commerce Subcommittee</name>
          </item>
        </committees>
        <sourceSystem>
          <code>1</code>
          <name>House committee actions</name>
        </sourceSystem>
        <text>Referred to the Subcommittee on Commerce, Trade and Consumer Protection.</text>
        <type>Committee</type>
      </item>
      <item>
        <actionDate>2007-03-23</actionDate>
        <committees>
          <item>
            <systemCode>hspw14</systemCode>
            <name>Railroads, Pipelines, and Hazardous Materials Subcommittee</name>
          </item>
        </committees>
        <sourceSystem>
          <code>1</code>
          <name>House committee actions</name>
        </sourceSystem>
        <text>Referred to the Subcommittee on Railroads, Pipelines, and Hazardous Materials.</text>
        <type>Committee</type>
      </item>
      <item>
        <actionDate>2007-03-22</actionDate>
        <text>Referred to the Committee on the Judiciary, and in addition to the Committees on Transportation and Infrastructure, and Energy and Commerce, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned.</text>
        <type>IntroReferral</type>
        <actionCode>H11100</actionCode>
        <sourceSystem>
          <code>2</code>
          <name>House floor actions</name>
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        <committees>
          <item>
            <systemCode>hsif00</systemCode>
            <name>Energy and Commerce Committee</name>
          </item>
        </committees>
      </item>
      <item>
        <actionDate>2007-03-22</actionDate>
        <text>Referred to the Committee on the Judiciary, and in addition to the Committees on Transportation and Infrastructure, and Energy and Commerce, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned.</text>
        <type>IntroReferral</type>
        <actionCode>H11100</actionCode>
        <sourceSystem>
          <code>2</code>
          <name>House floor actions</name>
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        <committees>
          <item>
            <systemCode>hspw00</systemCode>
            <name>Transportation and Infrastructure Committee</name>
          </item>
        </committees>
      </item>
      <item>
        <actionDate>2007-03-22</actionDate>
        <text>Referred to the Committee on the Judiciary, and in addition to the Committees on Transportation and Infrastructure, and Energy and Commerce, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned.</text>
        <type>IntroReferral</type>
        <actionCode>H11100-A</actionCode>
        <sourceSystem>
          <code>9</code>
          <name>Library of Congress</name>
        </sourceSystem>
      </item>
      <item>
        <actionDate>2007-03-22</actionDate>
        <text>Referred to the Committee on the Judiciary, and in addition to the Committees on Transportation and Infrastructure, and Energy and Commerce, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned.</text>
        <type>IntroReferral</type>
        <actionCode>H11100</actionCode>
        <sourceSystem>
          <code>2</code>
          <name>House floor actions</name>
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        <committees>
          <item>
            <systemCode>hsju00</systemCode>
            <name>Judiciary Committee</name>
          </item>
        </committees>
      </item>
      <item>
        <actionDate>2007-03-22</actionDate>
        <text>Introduced in House</text>
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        <actionCode>Intro-H</actionCode>
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          <code>9</code>
          <name>Library of Congress</name>
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      <item>
        <actionDate>2007-03-22</actionDate>
        <text>Introduced in House</text>
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        <actionCode>1000</actionCode>
        <sourceSystem>
          <code>9</code>
          <name>Library of Congress</name>
        </sourceSystem>
      </item>
    </actions>
    <sponsors>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>B001230</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Baldwin, Tammy [D-WI-2]</fullName>
        <firstName>Tammy</firstName>
        <lastName>Baldwin</lastName>
        <party>D</party>
        <state>WI</state>
        <district>2</district>
        <isByRequest>N</isByRequest>
      </item>
    </sponsors>
    <cosponsors>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>A000361</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Alexander, Rodney [R-LA-5]</fullName>
        <firstName>Rodney</firstName>
        <lastName>Alexander</lastName>
        <party>R</party>
        <state>LA</state>
        <district>5</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2007-03-22</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>True</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>P000422</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Pomeroy, Earl [D-ND-At Large]</fullName>
        <firstName>EARL</firstName>
        <lastName>POMEROY</lastName>
        <party>D</party>
        <state>ND</state>
        <district>0</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2007-03-22</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>True</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>W000799</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Walz, Timothy J. [D-MN-1]</fullName>
        <firstName>Timothy</firstName>
        <lastName>Walz</lastName>
        <party>D</party>
        <state>MN</state>
        <middleName>J.</middleName>
        <district>1</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2007-03-22</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>True</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>B000072</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Baker, Richard H. [R-LA-6]</fullName>
        <firstName>RICHARD</firstName>
        <lastName>BAKER</lastName>
        <party>R</party>
        <state>LA</state>
        <middleName>H.</middleName>
        <district>6</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2007-03-22</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>True</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>K000365</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Kagen, Steve [D-WI-8]</fullName>
        <firstName>Steve</firstName>
        <lastName>Kagen</lastName>
        <party>D</party>
        <state>WI</state>
        <district>8</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2007-03-27</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>False</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>G000551</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Grijalva, Raúl M. [D-AZ-7]</fullName>
        <firstName>Raúl</firstName>
        <lastName>Grijalva</lastName>
        <party>D</party>
        <state>AZ</state>
        <middleName>M.</middleName>
        <district>7</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2007-03-28</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>False</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>W000119</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Wamp, Zach [R-TN-3]</fullName>
        <firstName>ZACH</firstName>
        <lastName>WAMP</lastName>
        <party>R</party>
        <state>TN</state>
        <district>3</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2007-05-09</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>False</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>B001254</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Boren, Dan [D-OK-2]</fullName>
        <firstName>Dan</firstName>
        <lastName>Boren</lastName>
        <party>D</party>
        <state>OK</state>
        <district>2</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2007-05-09</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>False</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>S000672</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Snyder, Vic [D-AR-2]</fullName>
        <firstName>VICTOR</firstName>
        <lastName>SNYDER</lastName>
        <party>D</party>
        <state>AR</state>
        <middleName>F.</middleName>
        <district>2</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2007-05-09</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>False</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>R000573</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Ross, Mike [D-AR-4]</fullName>
        <firstName>MIKE</firstName>
        <lastName>ROSS</lastName>
        <party>D</party>
        <state>AR</state>
        <district>4</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2007-05-09</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>False</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>R000574</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Renzi, Rick [R-AZ-1]</fullName>
        <firstName>Rick</firstName>
        <lastName>Renzi</lastName>
        <party>R</party>
        <state>AZ</state>
        <district>1</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2007-05-09</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>False</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>B000420</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Berry, Marion [D-AR-1]</fullName>
        <firstName>MARION</firstName>
        <lastName>BERRY</lastName>
        <party>D</party>
        <state>AR</state>
        <district>1</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2007-05-21</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>False</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>G000210</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Gillmor, Paul E. [R-OH-5]</fullName>
        <firstName>PAUL</firstName>
        <lastName>GILLMOR</lastName>
        <party>R</party>
        <state>OH</state>
        <middleName>E.</middleName>
        <district>5</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2007-05-23</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>False</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>K000188</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Kind, Ron [D-WI-3]</fullName>
        <firstName>RON</firstName>
        <lastName>KIND</lastName>
        <party>D</party>
        <state>WI</state>
        <district>3</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2007-06-21</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>False</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>I000023</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Inglis, Bob [R-SC-4]</fullName>
        <firstName>BOB</firstName>
        <lastName>INGLIS</lastName>
        <party>R</party>
        <state>SC</state>
        <district>4</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2007-06-21</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>False</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>G000548</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Garrett, Scott [R-NJ-5]</fullName>
        <firstName>Scott</firstName>
        <lastName>Garrett</lastName>
        <party>R</party>
        <state>NJ</state>
        <district>5</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2007-07-10</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>False</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>F000372</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Frelinghuysen, Rodney P. [R-NJ-11]</fullName>
        <firstName>RODNEY</firstName>
        <lastName>FRELINGHUYSEN</lastName>
        <party>R</party>
        <state>NJ</state>
        <district>11</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2007-09-05</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>False</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>P000258</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Peterson, Collin C. [D-MN-7]</fullName>
        <firstName>COLLIN</firstName>
        <lastName>PETERSON</lastName>
        <party>D</party>
        <state>MN</state>
        <middleName>C.</middleName>
        <district>7</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2007-10-22</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>False</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>P000593</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Perlmutter, Ed [D-CO-7]</fullName>
        <firstName>Ed</firstName>
        <lastName>Perlmutter</lastName>
        <party>D</party>
        <state>CO</state>
        <district>7</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2007-10-29</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>False</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>B001244</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Bonner, Jo [R-AL-1]</fullName>
        <firstName>Jo</firstName>
        <lastName>Bonner</lastName>
        <party>R</party>
        <state>AL</state>
        <district>1</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2007-12-04</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>False</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>H001037</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Herseth Sandlin, Stephanie [D-SD-At Large]</fullName>
        <firstName>Stephanie</firstName>
        <lastName>Herseth Sandlin</lastName>
        <party>D</party>
        <state>SD</state>
        <district>0</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2008-02-06</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>False</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>E000288</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Ellison, Keith [D-MN-5]</fullName>
        <firstName>Keith</firstName>
        <lastName>Ellison</lastName>
        <party>D</party>
        <state>MN</state>
        <district>5</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2008-03-03</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>False</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>B001251</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Butterfield, G. K. [D-NC-1]</fullName>
        <firstName>G. K.</firstName>
        <lastName>Butterfield</lastName>
        <party>D</party>
        <state>NC</state>
        <district>1</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2008-05-19</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>False</isOriginalCosponsor>
        <sponsorshipWithdrawnDate>2008-07-17</sponsorshipWithdrawnDate>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>M001154</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Miller, Brad [D-NC-13]</fullName>
        <firstName>Brad</firstName>
        <lastName>Miller</lastName>
        <party>D</party>
        <state>NC</state>
        <district>13</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2008-05-22</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>False</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>M001161</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Melancon, Charlie [D-LA-3]</fullName>
        <firstName>Charlie</firstName>
        <lastName>Melancon</lastName>
        <party>D</party>
        <state>LA</state>
        <district>3</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2008-09-08</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>False</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>B001259</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Braley, Bruce L. [D-IA-1]</fullName>
        <firstName>Bruce</firstName>
        <lastName>Braley</lastName>
        <party>D</party>
        <state>IA</state>
        <middleName>L.</middleName>
        <district>1</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2008-09-08</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>False</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>K000363</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Kline, John [R-MN-2]</fullName>
        <firstName>John</firstName>
        <lastName>Kline</lastName>
        <party>R</party>
        <state>MN</state>
        <district>2</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2008-09-16</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>False</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>C001073</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Cazayoux, Donald J., Jr. [D-LA-6]</fullName>
        <firstName>Donald</firstName>
        <lastName>Cazayoux</lastName>
        <party>D</party>
        <state>LA</state>
        <middleName>J.</middleName>
        <district>6</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2008-09-17</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>False</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
    </cosponsors>
    <cboCostEstimates>
      <item>
        <pubDate>2008-09-09T04:00:00Z</pubDate>
        <title>H.R. 1650, Railroad Antitrust Enforcement Act of 2008</title>
        <url>http://www.cbo.gov/publication/20233</url>
        <description>&lt;p&gt;Cost estimate for the bill as ordered reported by the House Committee on the Judiciary on April 30, 2008&lt;/p&gt;</description>
      </item>
      <item>
        <pubDate>2008-09-09T04:00:00Z</pubDate>
        <title>H.R. 1650, Railroad Antitrust Enforcement Act of 2008</title>
        <url>https://www.cbo.gov/publication/20233</url>
        <description>Cost estimate for the bill as ordered reported by the House Committee on the Judiciary on April 30, 2008</description>
      </item>
    </cboCostEstimates>
    <policyArea>
      <name>Commerce</name>
    </policyArea>
    <subjects>
      <legislativeSubjects>
        <item>
          <name>Antitrust law</name>
        </item>
        <item>
          <name>Civil actions and liability</name>
        </item>
        <item>
          <name>Damages</name>
        </item>
        <item>
          <name>Injunctions</name>
        </item>
        <item>
          <name>Law</name>
        </item>
        <item>
          <name>Limitation of actions</name>
        </item>
        <item>
          <name>Railroad freight operations</name>
        </item>
        <item>
          <name>Railroad mergers</name>
        </item>
        <item>
          <name>Railroad rates</name>
        </item>
        <item>
          <name>Transportation and Public Works</name>
        </item>
      </legislativeSubjects>
      <policyArea>
        <name>Commerce</name>
      </policyArea>
    </subjects>
    <summaries>
      <summary>
        <versionCode>00</versionCode>
        <actionDate>2007-03-22</actionDate>
        <actionDesc>Introduced in House</actionDesc>
        <updateDate>2008-04-08T19:05:00Z</updateDate>
        <text><![CDATA[ <p>Railroad Antitrust Enforcement Act of 2007 - Amends the Clayton Act to grant the United States exclusive authority to bring suit for injunctive relief against a common carrier that is not a rail common carrier subject to the jurisdiction the Surface Transportation Board (STB).</p> <p>Revises provisions prohibiting anticompetitive transactions except for those approved by specified federal agencies acting under certain statutes to eliminate the exemption for certain STB approved transactions.</p> <p>Provides that, in any civil action against a rail common carrier, the U.S. district court shall not be required to defer to the primary jurisdiction of the STB.</p> <p>Empowers the Federal Trade Commission to regulate, and engage in antitrust enforcement regarding, collective rate agreements and certain transactions, including railroad mergers and acquisitions.</p> <p>Applies to rail common carriers subject to STB jurisdiction requirements governing the amount of recovery or prejudgment interest (treble damages) by injured persons, without regard to whether: (1) such railroads have filed rates; or (2) a complaint has been filed that challenges a rate.</p> <p>Amends federal transportation law to terminate the exemptions from antitrust laws for collective ratemaking agreements.</p> <p>Requires the STB, and other reviewing agencies, when reviewing a proposed agreement, to take into account its impact upon shippers, consumers, and affected communities.</p> <p>Revises STB authority to provide that a rail carrier, corporation, or a person participating in an approved transaction is not exempt from specified antitrust laws.</p>]]></text>
      </summary>
      <summary>
        <versionCode>18</versionCode>
        <actionDate>2008-09-18</actionDate>
        <actionDesc>Reported to House amended, Part I</actionDesc>
        <updateDate>2009-01-08T17:31:53Z</updateDate>
        <text><![CDATA[ <p>Railroad Antitrust Enforcement Act of 2008 - (Sec. 2) Amends the Clayton Act (the Act) to make federal antitrust laws applicable to all common carriers subject to the Surface Transportation Board (STB), regardless of whether the carrier filed a rail carrier rate or whether a complaint challenging a rate is filed.</p> <p>(Sec. 3) Subjects to antitrust review agreements among rail carriers to pool or divide traffic, services, or earnings.</p> <p>(Sec. 4) Authorizes the the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) to enforce certain provisions of the Act against STB-approved agreements or combinations, including those related to rates.</p> <p>(Sec. 5) Removes the prohibition against a private party seeking injunctive relief against a rail carrier for a violation of the antitrust laws.</p> <p>(Sec. 6) Provides that, in any civil action against a rail common carrier, the U.S. district court shall not be required to defer to the primary jurisdiction of the STB.</p> <p>(Sec. 7) Amends the Federal Trade Commission Act to authorize FTC enforcement against rail carriers for unfair methods of competition.</p> <p>(Sec. 8) Amends federal transportation law to terminate the exemptions from antitrust laws for rail carriers, including mergers and acquisitions and ratemaking agreements.</p> <p>Requires the STB when reviewing a proposed rate agreement, to take into account its impact upon shippers, consumers, and affected communities, and to make findings regarding such impact, which shall be made part of the administrative record.</p> <p>Revises STB authority to provide that a rail carrier, corporation, or a person participating in an approved transaction is not exempt from specified antitrust laws.</p> <p>(Sec. 9) Makes the date of enactment of this Act its effective date. Makes an exception for parties engaging prior to such enactment in conduct or actions previously exempted by STB approval (such parties to have 180 days to discontinue such conduct or action or otherwise become subject to the antitrust laws).</p>]]></text>
      </summary>
    </summaries>
    <title>Railroad Antitrust Enforcement Act of 2008</title>
    <titles>
      <item>
        <titleType>Official Title as Introduced</titleType>
        <title>To amend the Federal antitrust laws to provide expanded coverage and to eliminate exemptions from such laws that are contrary to the public interest with respect to railroads.</title>
        <billTextVersionName>Introduced in House</billTextVersionName>
        <billTextVersionCode>IH</billTextVersionCode>
      </item>
      <item>
        <titleType>Display Title</titleType>
        <title>Railroad Antitrust Enforcement Act of 2008</title>
      </item>
      <item>
        <titleType>Short Titles as Introduced</titleType>
        <title>Railroad Antitrust Enforcement Act of 2007</title>
      </item>
      <item>
        <titleType>Short Titles as Reported to House</titleType>
        <title>Railroad Antitrust Enforcement Act of 2008</title>
        <chamberCode>H</chamberCode>
        <chamberName>House</chamberName>
      </item>
    </titles>
    <textVersions>
      <item>
        <type>Reported in House</type>
        <date>2008-09-18T04:00:00Z</date>
        <formats>
          <item>
            <url>https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/BILLS-110hr1650rh/xml/BILLS-110hr1650rh.xml</url>
          </item>
        </formats>
      </item>
      <item>
        <type>Introduced in House</type>
        <date>2007-03-22T04:00:00Z</date>
        <formats>
          <item>
            <url>https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/BILLS-110hr1650ih/xml/BILLS-110hr1650ih.xml</url>
          </item>
        </formats>
      </item>
    </textVersions>
    <latestAction>
      <actionDate>2008-09-18</actionDate>
      <text>Placed on the Union Calendar, Calendar No. 556.</text>
    </latestAction>
  </bill>
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    <dc:language>EN</dc:language>
    <dc:rights>Pursuant to Title 17 Section 105 of the United States Code, this file is not subject to copyright protection and is in the public domain.</dc:rights>
    <dc:contributor>Congressional Research Service, Library of Congress</dc:contributor>
    <dc:description>This file contains bill summaries and statuses for federal legislation. A bill summary describes the most significant provisions of a piece of legislation and details the effects the legislative text may have on current law and federal programs. Bill summaries are authored by the Congressional Research Service (CRS) of the Library of Congress. As stated in Public Law 91-510 (2 USC 166 (d)(6)), one of the duties of CRS is "to prepare summaries and digests of bills and resolutions of a public general nature introduced in the Senate or House of Representatives". For more information, refer to the User Guide that accompanies this file.</dc:description>
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