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    <number>4239</number>
    <updateDate>2023-01-15T04:48:35Z</updateDate>
    <updateDateIncludingText>2023-01-15T04:48:35Z</updateDateIncludingText>
    <originChamber>House</originChamber>
    <originChamberCode>H</originChamberCode>
    <type>HR</type>
    <introducedDate>2004-04-28</introducedDate>
    <congress>108</congress>
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        <name>Judiciary Committee</name>
        <chamber>House</chamber>
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            <systemCode>hsju03</systemCode>
            <name>Courts, Intellectual Property, and the Internet Subcommittee</name>
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                <name>Referred to</name>
                <date>2004-05-20T13:40:12Z</date>
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            <date>2004-04-28T14:02:05Z</date>
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        <actionDate>2004-05-20</actionDate>
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            <systemCode>hsju03</systemCode>
            <name>Courts, Intellectual Property, and the Internet Subcommittee</name>
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        <text>Referred to the Subcommittee on Courts, the Internet, and Intellectual Property.</text>
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        <actionDate>2004-04-28</actionDate>
        <text>Referred to the House Committee on the Judiciary.</text>
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            <name>Judiciary Committee</name>
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        <actionDate>2004-04-28</actionDate>
        <text>Introduced in House</text>
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        <actionDate>2004-04-28</actionDate>
        <text>Introduced in House</text>
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    <sponsors>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>H000981</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Hunter, Duncan [R-CA-52]</fullName>
        <firstName>DUNCAN</firstName>
        <lastName>HUNTER</lastName>
        <party>R</party>
        <state>CA</state>
        <district>52</district>
        <isByRequest>N</isByRequest>
      </item>
    </sponsors>
    <cosponsors>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>A000358</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Akin, W. Todd [R-MO-2]</fullName>
        <firstName>W.</firstName>
        <lastName>AKIN</lastName>
        <party>R</party>
        <state>MO</state>
        <middleName>TODD</middleName>
        <district>2</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2004-05-04</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>False</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
      <item>
        <bioguideId>N000081</bioguideId>
        <fullName>Rep. Ney, Robert W. [R-OH-18]</fullName>
        <firstName>BOB</firstName>
        <lastName>NEY</lastName>
        <party>R</party>
        <state>OH</state>
        <district>18</district>
        <sponsorshipDate>2004-05-13</sponsorshipDate>
        <isOriginalCosponsor>False</isOriginalCosponsor>
      </item>
    </cosponsors>
    <policyArea>
      <name>Families</name>
    </policyArea>
    <subjects>
      <legislativeSubjects>
        <item>
          <name>Arts, Culture, Religion</name>
        </item>
        <item>
          <name>Books</name>
        </item>
        <item>
          <name>Child health</name>
        </item>
        <item>
          <name>Child welfare</name>
        </item>
        <item>
          <name>Civil actions and liability</name>
        </item>
        <item>
          <name>Commerce</name>
        </item>
        <item>
          <name>Consumer protection</name>
        </item>
        <item>
          <name>Crime and Law Enforcement</name>
        </item>
        <item>
          <name>Damages</name>
        </item>
        <item>
          <name>Government Operations and Politics</name>
        </item>
        <item>
          <name>Law</name>
        </item>
        <item>
          <name>Legal fees</name>
        </item>
        <item>
          <name>Mental health</name>
        </item>
        <item>
          <name>Motion pictures</name>
        </item>
        <item>
          <name>Periodicals</name>
        </item>
        <item>
          <name>Photography</name>
        </item>
        <item>
          <name>Pornography</name>
        </item>
        <item>
          <name>Product safety</name>
        </item>
        <item>
          <name>Punitive damages</name>
        </item>
        <item>
          <name>Sound recording and reproducing</name>
        </item>
        <item>
          <name>Video games</name>
        </item>
      </legislativeSubjects>
      <policyArea>
        <name>Families</name>
      </policyArea>
    </subjects>
    <summaries>
      <summary>
        <versionCode>00</versionCode>
        <actionDate>2004-04-28</actionDate>
        <actionDesc>Introduced in House</actionDesc>
        <updateDate>2004-05-13T18:26:08Z</updateDate>
        <text><![CDATA[ <p>Parents' Empowerment Act - Authorizes a minor, through a person acting on the minor's behalf, to obtain relief in a civil action in U.S. district court against anyone who knowingly sells or distributes in interstate or foreign commerce an entertainment product containing material that is harmful to minors if: (1) a reasonable person would expect a substantial number of minors to be exposed to the material; and (2) the minor, as a result of exposure to that material, is likely to suffer personal or emotional injury or injury to mental or moral welfare. Provides for recovery of compensatory and punitive damages.</p> <p>Declares it to be an affirmative defense to such action that an act of a parent or guardian who owned the entertainment product was the proximate cause of the minor's exposure to the harmful material. </p> <p>Defines &quot;material that is harmful to minors&quot; as any pornographic communication, picture, image, graphic image file, article, recording, writing, or other pornographic matter of any kind that: (1) is obscene; or (2) violates specified community standards with respect to suitability for minors and lacks sufficient literary, artistic, political, or scientific value to overcome its pernicious effects.</p>]]></text>
      </summary>
    </summaries>
    <title>Parents' Empowerment Act</title>
    <titles>
      <item>
        <titleType>Display Title</titleType>
        <title>Parents' Empowerment Act</title>
      </item>
      <item>
        <titleType>Official Title as Introduced</titleType>
        <title>To provide a civil action for a minor injured by exposure to an entertainment product containing material that is harmful to minors, and for other purposes.</title>
        <billTextVersionName>Introduced in House</billTextVersionName>
        <billTextVersionCode>IH</billTextVersionCode>
      </item>
      <item>
        <titleType>Short Titles as Introduced</titleType>
        <title>Parents' Empowerment Act</title>
      </item>
    </titles>
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        <type>Introduced in House</type>
        <date>2004-04-28T04:00:00Z</date>
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            <url>https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/BILLS-108hr4239ih/xml/BILLS-108hr4239ih.xml</url>
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        </formats>
      </item>
    </textVersions>
    <latestAction>
      <actionDate>2004-05-20</actionDate>
      <text>Referred to the Subcommittee on Courts, the Internet, and Intellectual Property.</text>
    </latestAction>
  </bill>
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    <dc:language>EN</dc:language>
    <dc:rights>Pursuant to Title 17 Section 105 of the United States Code, this file is not subject to copyright protection and is in the public domain.</dc:rights>
    <dc:contributor>Congressional Research Service, Library of Congress</dc:contributor>
    <dc:description>This file contains bill summaries and statuses for federal legislation. A bill summary describes the most significant provisions of a piece of legislation and details the effects the legislative text may have on current law and federal programs. Bill summaries are authored by the Congressional Research Service (CRS) of the Library of Congress. As stated in Public Law 91-510 (2 USC 166 (d)(6)), one of the duties of CRS is "to prepare summaries and digests of bills and resolutions of a public general nature introduced in the Senate or House of Representatives". For more information, refer to the User Guide that accompanies this file.</dc:description>
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