119 SRES 108 IS: Affirming the rule of law and the legitimacy of judicial review. U.S. Senate 2025-03-05 text/xml EN Pursuant to Title 17 Section 105 of the United States Code, this file is not subject to copyright protection and is in the public domain.

III119th CONGRESS1st SessionS. RES. 108IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATESMarch 5, 2025Mr. Durbin (for himself, Mr. Coons, Mr. Blumenthal, Mr. Schiff, Mr. Booker, Ms. Klobuchar, Mr. Whitehouse, Mr. Kim, Mrs. Shaheen, Ms. Hirono, Ms. Cortez Masto, Mr. Hickenlooper, Mr. Heinrich, Ms. Duckworth, Mr. Wyden, Mr. Welch, Mr. Kelly, Mr. Padilla, Mr. Schumer, Mr. Ossoff, and Mr. Warnock) submitted the following resolution; which was referred to the Committee on the JudiciaryRESOLUTIONAffirming the rule of law and the legitimacy of judicial review.

Whereas the Constitution of the United States establishes 3 separate but equal branches of Government;Whereas Article III of the Constitution of the United States vests the judicial Power of the United States . . . in one supreme Court, and in such inferior Courts as the Congress may from time to time ordain and establish;Whereas the Supreme Court of the United States, in Marbury v. Madison, established the principle of judicial review, which empowers Federal courts to hold that a legislative or executive act violates the Constitution of the United States;Whereas Vice President Vance and other prominent elected officials have made remarks suggesting the President or the executive branch may ignore the constitutional authority of the Federal Judiciary and disregard a decision of a Federal court; andWhereas the President or the executive branch ignoring the constitutional authority of the Federal Judiciary and disregarding a decision of a Federal court would precipitate a constitutional crisis: Now, therefore, be it

That the Senate affirms that—(1)Article III of the Constitution of the United States vests the judicial Power of the United States . . . in one supreme Court, and in such inferior Courts as the Congress may from time to time ordain and establish;(2)as Chief Justice Marshall held in the Supreme Court’s landmark 1803 decision Marbury v. Madison, It is emphatically the province and duty of the judicial department to say what the law is; and(3)the Constitution of the United States and established precedent require the executive branch to comply with all Federal court rulings.