119 S1197 IS: SNAP Reform and Upward Mobility Act of 2025
U.S. Senate
2025-03-27
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EN
Pursuant to Title 17 Section 105 of the United States Code, this file is not subject to copyright protection and is in the public domain.
1.This Act may be cited as the SNAP Reform and Upward Mobility Act of 2025
.2.The table of contents for this Act is as follows:Sec. 1. Short title.Sec. 2. Table of contents.TITLE I—Poverty measurement improvementSec. 101. Improving the measurement of poverty in the United States.Sec. 102. Commission on valuation of government benefits.Sec. 103. GAO reports on effect of supplementary data on calculation of poverty rates and related measures.Sec. 104. Rule of construction.TITLE II—Modifications to supplemental nutrition assistance programSec. 201. Work requirements.Sec. 202. Employment and training program outcomes reporting.Sec. 203. State matching funds.Sec. 204. Eligibility.Sec. 205. Compliance with fraud investigations.Sec. 206. Authorized users of electronic benefit transfer cards.Sec. 207. Reauthorization of medium- or high-risk retail food stores and wholesale food concerns.Sec. 208. State activity reports.Sec. 209. Disqualification by State agency.Sec. 210. Retention of recaptured funds by States.<enum>I</enum><header>Poverty measurement improvement</header><section id="id00fa32f3b2bd4e74b55ea106a87ec31e"><enum>101.</enum><header>Improving the measurement of poverty in the United States</header><subsection id="id2D4A231A32E24C7C9D8930FBFF3B1823"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Definitions</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">In this section:</text><paragraph id="idAFDC4211CE7A49B6BAEE5D76F5119977"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Federal benefit</header><text>The term <term>Federal benefit</term> means a benefit, refundable tax credit, or other form of assistance provided under any of the following programs:</text><subparagraph id="id5eb4a38b8f5642a2a0169c59ccd11cb1"><enum>(A)</enum><text>Earned Income Tax Credit (refundable portion).</text></subparagraph><subparagraph id="id4c0e09cab18b4e058b3e978f0f8470f1"><enum>(B)</enum><text>Child Tax Credit (refundable portion).</text></subparagraph><subparagraph id="idDFBD96D231A54F8BA1E02E7DB1828D43"><enum>(C)</enum><text>Supplemental Security Income.</text></subparagraph><subparagraph id="idc8eb85e172644081b8e7f8555263e754"><enum>(D)</enum><text>Temporary Assistance for Needy Families.</text></subparagraph><subparagraph id="id9b0fd3fe32bb44b7b484ba9cdbdc0162"><enum>(E)</enum><text>Title IV–E Foster Care.</text></subparagraph><subparagraph id="id17cb1c2096f54007ba1c5e1fdf8d3405"><enum>(F)</enum><text>Title IV–E Adoption Assistance.</text></subparagraph><subparagraph id="id43d075684a8640bf966b70700babe1bc"><enum>(G)</enum><text>Medicaid.</text></subparagraph><subparagraph id="ida80c50e9832a453faab1b271aae35da5"><enum>(H)</enum><text>SCHIP.</text></subparagraph><subparagraph id="idd98ac682d1384135b063821c8d3754ea"><enum>(I)</enum><text>Indian Health Services.</text></subparagraph><subparagraph id="id179f04bf59d845719623125b613f26de"><enum>(J)</enum><text>PPACA refundable premium assistance and cost sharing tax credit.</text></subparagraph><subparagraph id="id11c9cbf224284edbb106362ecb708f76"><enum>(K)</enum><text>Assets for Independence program.</text></subparagraph><subparagraph id="id88eb745ecbf24702b0d0468f1ad52684"><enum>(L)</enum><text>Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Food Program.</text></subparagraph><subparagraph id="id63232de2e32040fdb8c159cab68182d6"><enum>(M)</enum><text>School Breakfast.</text></subparagraph><subparagraph id="idcbfc061ae79b4bf2b95495062814b53e"><enum>(N)</enum><text>School Lunch.</text></subparagraph><subparagraph id="idcee31248d5a14bd4b0e541cc260f2178"><enum>(O)</enum><text>Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) Food Program.</text></subparagraph><subparagraph id="id6866948553f54f12947de20212e46af8"><enum>(P)</enum><text>Child and Adult Care Food Program.</text></subparagraph><subparagraph id="iddb4243dac25943fe9f88bacdf941aee8"><enum>(Q)</enum><text>The Food Distribution Program on Indian Reservations (FDPIR).</text></subparagraph><subparagraph id="id05d103724c15407f9ad6ca54f1895b2b"><enum>(R)</enum><text>Nutrition Program for the Elderly.</text></subparagraph><subparagraph id="id85bae87c4a374a85bb9296d020715dc8"><enum>(S)</enum><text>Seniors Farmers’ Market Nutrition Program.</text></subparagraph><subparagraph id="idca172c9076d7441e982c8e30d474e978"><enum>(T)</enum><text>Commodity Supplemental Food Program.</text></subparagraph><subparagraph id="ida24501ec99994b5480e081db768de2f4"><enum>(U)</enum><text>Section 8 Housing.</text></subparagraph><subparagraph id="id17f2c4357fe646afbb9a8cfe654ba7cb"><enum>(V)</enum><text>Public Housing.</text></subparagraph><subparagraph id="idfe56f5d2db5c413a808812526f59b293"><enum>(W)</enum><text>Housing for Persons with Disabilities.</text></subparagraph><subparagraph id="id6f8c2f1214024783a36b26949996e894"><enum>(X)</enum><text>Home Investment Partnership Program.</text></subparagraph><subparagraph id="ida8b6ce28d6d4476da47745f43b948285"><enum>(Y)</enum><text>Rural Housing Service.</text></subparagraph><subparagraph id="id19e7b2ce462a46d6bc67c7e8388d5ef0"><enum>(Z)</enum><text>Rural Housing Insurance Fund.</text></subparagraph><subparagraph id="idcfb9e445873d4e029da246b0412ccd1a"><enum>(AA)</enum><text>Low-Income Home Energy Assistance Program.</text></subparagraph><subparagraph id="id4f178a04875b4f4186bcefa28707bb86"><enum>(BB)</enum><text>Universal Service Fund Low Income Support Mechanism (subsidized phone services).</text></subparagraph><subparagraph id="id9b5d2780f4394ad48f135d21a8a1e6df"><enum>(CC)</enum><text>Pell Grants.</text></subparagraph><subparagraph id="ide7b48e1ff2974c7c98706260806c8f22"><enum>(DD)</enum><text>Supplemental Educational Opportunity Grants.</text></subparagraph><subparagraph id="id54cf3579ba3c4c6b8fe44e41dad42819"><enum>(EE)</enum><text>American Opportunity Tax Credit (refundable portion).</text></subparagraph><subparagraph id="id902c594af23746238f36147cc92daa63"><enum>(FF)</enum><text>Healthy Start.</text></subparagraph><subparagraph id="ida71b428fc8d94b848938095d57e3f1e2"><enum>(GG)</enum><text>Job Corps.</text></subparagraph><subparagraph id="id2ac09bc9399342dd91e6e9bcf0e4ae10"><enum>(HH)</enum><text>Head Start (including Early Head Start).</text></subparagraph><subparagraph id="ideecddc6f1a6b4e10beed449f6fdcae5b"><enum>(II)</enum><text>Weatherization Assistance.</text></subparagraph><subparagraph id="idf9aa4662b7d044ef910bd0e1e966b9ef"><enum>(JJ)</enum><text>Chafee Foster Care Independence Program.</text></subparagraph><subparagraph id="id182ddb9c11024c2fb31b41d0b8d73526"><enum>(KK)</enum><text>Child Care Subsidies from the Child Care and Development Fund.</text></subparagraph><subparagraph id="id8b67f0ff7c5540f7b32a58d8b09212d5"><enum>(LL)</enum><text>Child Care from the Temporary Assistance for Needy Families Block Grant.</text></subparagraph><subparagraph id="id02b7a620ff034f3690f16f6b63866529"><enum>(MM)</enum><text>Emergency Assistance to Needy Families with Children.</text></subparagraph><subparagraph id="idb119ef06afe1492a9ee9a8f062a84183"><enum>(NN)</enum><text>Senior Community Service Employment Program.</text></subparagraph><subparagraph id="id71debeb731d94e778f00a568f65b3419"><enum>(OO)</enum><text>Migrant and Seasonal Farm Workers Training Program.</text></subparagraph><subparagraph id="id96b1ac583f664293b0af8bc590f88a1e"><enum>(PP)</enum><text>Indian and Native American Employment and Training Program.</text></subparagraph><subparagraph id="id6d7cb66afe504961850d33f745828f07"><enum>(QQ)</enum><text>Independent Living Education and Training Vouchers.</text></subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="idABEC00078D1047CE90E6476090892DD1"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Resource unit</header><text>The term <term>resource unit</term> means all co-resident individuals who are related by birth, marriage, or adoption, plus any co-resident unrelated children, foster children, and unmarried partners and their relatives.</text></paragraph><paragraph id="id9C9AC8455A9F4ED39EB4911F57D66B34"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Market income</header><text>The term <term>market income</term> means individual income from the following:</text><subparagraph id="id743c1743a49d4f839535fe555f80c11e"><enum>(A)</enum><text>Earnings.</text></subparagraph><subparagraph id="idea2982401bdc46d88f3a0ccbef30e6c8"><enum>(B)</enum><text>Interest.</text></subparagraph><subparagraph id="ida46be29270a849a090fd911f3e62a28d"><enum>(C)</enum><text>Dividends.</text></subparagraph><subparagraph id="idc9f0d54c939846ddb4b68d55d34f343c"><enum>(D)</enum><text>Rents, royalties, and estates and trusts.</text></subparagraph><subparagraph id="idF9FBFE083DBA4A61BCF688016322D5EE"><enum>(E)</enum><text>The monetary value of employer-sponsored health insurance benefits.</text></subparagraph><subparagraph id="id5ff8bd6f22af4eeeb6f34b33c9e2f07a"><enum>(F)</enum><text>Other forms of income, as determined by the Director.</text></subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="id4F6ECEBC937D4B76AE6A0D2BB1AEA23B"><enum>(4)</enum><header>Entitlement and other income</header><text>The term <term>entitlement and other income</term> means income from the following:</text><subparagraph id="id799e12c547c04136a3d47cff8ad7a834"><enum>(A)</enum><text>Unemployment (insurance) compensation.</text></subparagraph><subparagraph id="ida907bea921f8429b96644e4746b1a680"><enum>(B)</enum><text>Workers’ compensation.</text></subparagraph><subparagraph id="id9fa20071512f4d2a8dbb5d7ce95edf1a"><enum>(C)</enum><text>Social Security.</text></subparagraph><subparagraph id="id926cb1344c8443088511f94fe84616e2"><enum>(D)</enum><text>Veterans’ payments and benefits.</text></subparagraph><subparagraph id="id2e3298e75c27472588e1eb34fd3e20b1"><enum>(E)</enum><text>Survivor benefits.</text></subparagraph><subparagraph id="id6850a30def85421d804332a396fade1d"><enum>(F)</enum><text>Disability benefits (not including benefits under the Supplemental Security Income program).</text></subparagraph><subparagraph id="id95a1be500175412ea1ab4861de7c3cee"><enum>(G)</enum><text>Pension or retirement income.</text></subparagraph><subparagraph id="idf96617297c8443c8bd077b252c49145d"><enum>(H)</enum><text>Alimony.</text></subparagraph><subparagraph id="ida5012d5ad2b4459e8ab258c6bf9e7dba"><enum>(I)</enum><text>Child support.</text></subparagraph><subparagraph id="idcd01db8e5b3745be92fbbca8919717ce"><enum>(J)</enum><text>Financial assistance from outside of the household.</text></subparagraph><subparagraph id="id65ed14a6cf0a4c56ab20c760670018af"><enum>(K)</enum><text>Medicare.</text></subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="id3CC608B5FE044429B427859510DFFA80"><enum>(5)</enum><header>Entitlement and earned unit income</header><text>The term <term>entitlement and earned unit income</term> means the sum of all market income and entitlement and other income.</text></paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="ida374b3cce2054db2b4b9feb03021027e"><enum>(6)</enum><header>Income tax data</header><text>The term <term>income tax data</term> means return information, as such term is defined under <external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/26/6103">section 6103(b)(2)</external-xref> of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986.</text></paragraph><paragraph id="id187ef51d20604dfaa7b4fcb1ebf9a772"><enum>(7)</enum><header>Administering agency</header><text>The term <term>administering agency</term> means a State or Federal agency responsible for administering a Federal benefit.</text></paragraph><paragraph id="id4C053BC85E4B46E9AEEF522E5E8ADD2A"><enum>(8)</enum><header>Total resource unit income</header><text>The term <term>total resource unit income</term> means, with respect to a resource unit, an amount equal to—</text><subparagraph id="id515E41E95FC14F6DA7F6691589A143F5"><enum>(A)</enum><text>the sum of—</text><clause id="idD3B02BAAF07049E584415C10A90781F5"><enum>(i)</enum><text>all market income attributable to members of the unit;</text></clause><clause id="id001134A23A7745F5B2ADF54E2A5EAB64"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>all entitlement and other income attributable to members of the unit; and</text></clause><clause id="id2FB4CD2474B04E73BEE4A5A462F675E3"><enum>(iii)</enum><text>an amount, or cash equivalent, of all Federal benefits received by members of the unit; minus</text></clause></subparagraph><subparagraph id="id54A2A2B84FF44D0FA65AE932CE90B52E"><enum>(B)</enum><text>all State and Federal income and payroll taxes attributable to members of the unit.</text></subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="id948AB4DA7A1B44DEBA98E0F002BF73F5"><enum>(9)</enum><header>Earned resource unit income</header><text>The term <term>earned resource unit income</term> means, with respect to a resource unit, all market income attributable to members of the unit.</text></paragraph><paragraph id="ideeef1b23d0a94e71987df2623454c9b2"><enum>(10)</enum><header>Personally identifiable information</header><text>The term <term>personally identifiable information</term> means any information that identifies an individual or could reasonably be used to identify an individual that is—</text><subparagraph id="id8B430CE827554B44B7C48ED5E9946D07"><enum>(A)</enum><text>collected pursuant to a survey conducted by the Bureau of the Census; or</text></subparagraph><subparagraph id="idF50830551F73468E993BE07DA8F70A54"><enum>(B)</enum><text>disclosed to the Bureau of the Census by an administering agency for the purpose of carrying out subsection (b).</text></subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="idC940DFDA8FDB47608F138749FE2973BB"><enum>(11)</enum><header>Director</header><text>The term <term>Director</term> means the Director of the Bureau of the Census.</text></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="id43e7289d4bb44100a4adc734819bbddd"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Verification of data collected in the Annual Social and Economic Supplement to the Current Population Survey</header><paragraph id="id150841fa6614452abb785bdba25a2348"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In general</header><text>Beginning in fiscal year 2025, in order to more accurately determine the extent of poverty in the United States and the anti-poverty effectiveness of Federal benefit programs, the Director shall collect, in addition to the data collected under the Annual Social and Economic Supplement to the Current Population Survey, data from the appropriate administering agencies related to the following:</text><subparagraph commented="no" id="id19E878B171FC4EC49CB757E921D9462F"><enum>(A)</enum><text>Participation in any Federal benefit program and the monetary or cash equivalent value of such benefit for an individual, where possible, and otherwise for resource units or households.</text></subparagraph><subparagraph id="idFC305B2DC3004921A9B76F95C6C7B045"><enum>(B)</enum><text>The total amount of market income for individuals.</text></subparagraph><subparagraph id="idD452022670E74678A6B55301E08DF6FC"><enum>(C)</enum><text>The total amount of entitlement and other income for individuals.</text></subparagraph><subparagraph id="idA18B08AC8BAC40A5863D4D828D3342B2"><enum>(D)</enum><text>Payment of income taxes and payroll taxes for individuals.</text></subparagraph><subparagraph id="id78209277D53E41CA905DA275AEB27CAD"><enum>(E)</enum><text>Total resource unit income.</text></subparagraph><subparagraph id="id2F801F60C9AA4C289226204265874359"><enum>(F)</enum><text>Total earned resource unit income.</text></subparagraph><subparagraph id="idCCD0427C0A094C03B9E8FA3631261750"><enum>(G)</enum><text>Any other information about benefits or income received by individuals that the Director determines necessary to carry out this section and that is not included in the data relating to participation in Federal benefit programs or market income for individuals.</text></subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="id6E61FD5E9E2A429E9229966C57D5DFB7"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Administering agency data</header><text>Not later than 6 months after receiving a request from the Director, the head of each administering agency shall make available to the Director such data (including income tax data) as the Director shall require for the purpose of carrying out this subsection and for the purposes outlined in section 6 of title 13, United States Code.</text></paragraph><paragraph id="id0C4662DF16E04188AC48156F639C76D8"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Publication of data</header><subparagraph id="id51853814f8ce44c6a1b5ea421796c38f"><enum>(A)</enum><header>Rates and other data</header><clause id="idb0d261d3e3b941858e566d34dd9f6bb6"><enum>(i)</enum><header>Report</header><text>The Director shall submit to Congress, not later than January 1, 2026, a report detailing the implementation of this section, including—</text><subclause id="id3C2FD3128D4540428E3403C7A26C6F38"><enum>(I)</enum><text>the availability of related data;</text></subclause><subclause id="id523C3612B73547989EB93BCE59D8E96A"><enum>(II)</enum><text>the quality of the data; and</text></subclause><subclause id="id5F4B37C6E9F1476CB5B26D3755C44C55"><enum>(III)</enum><text>the methodology proposed for assigning dollar values to the receipt of noncash Federal benefits.</text></subclause></clause><clause id="id6787B740D46E4479B00AD3DD41C163B4"><enum>(ii)</enum><header>Tables and graphs</header><text>The Director shall produce tables and graphs showing for each year the poverty rates and related data calculated using data collected under paragraph (1), including—</text><subclause id="idb744d93797e24c38aae81eb7e5a421b7"><enum>(I)</enum><text>the total resource unit income for survey respondents;</text></subclause><subclause id="id7C4EAE7ACF0748ADA492A2F65ADB6D20"><enum>(II)</enum><text>the total earned resource unit income for survey respondents;</text></subclause><subclause id="id455004d32b2642bbaf10b54b649ff0c1"><enum>(III)</enum><text>the total of all amounts described in subparagraphs (A) through (G) of paragraph (1) that are received by survey respondents;</text></subclause><subclause id="id3C67298C23DD495FA85F85D9948D300C"><enum>(IV)</enum><text>a breakdown of the amount of income taxes and payroll taxes attributable to survey respondents; and</text></subclause><subclause id="id9fc87c217e5d41dd8018a2271c91b735"><enum>(V)</enum><text>for 2027 and subsequent years, poverty rates calculated using updated poverty thresholds as described in clause (iii).</text></subclause></clause><clause id="ideaa5bd60bf5f45419a6561b04d0ca111"><enum>(iii)</enum><header>Updated poverty thresholds</header><text>For 2027 and subsequent years, the Director shall, in addition to the official poverty line (as defined by the Office of Management and Budget) and the supplemental poverty measure, provide an alternative poverty measure that uses the personal consumption expenditure price index (as published by the Bureau of Economic Analysis) and accounts for the data collected under paragraph (1). The Director shall provide a comparison of the official poverty line (as defined by the Office of Management and Budget), the supplemental poverty measure rate as defined by the Bureau of the Census, and the alternative poverty rate created using the alternative poverty measure under this section. </text></clause><clause id="id424D158DE75A495AA911B3DC28AF4EA2"><enum>(iv)</enum><header>Rule of construction</header><text>The Office of Management and Budget shall not use the additional data collected by the Director pursuant to paragraph (1) for purposes of defining the official poverty line.</text></clause></subparagraph><subparagraph id="idD8F7EAD8E61740B68931531EF47E846D"><enum>(B)</enum><header>Confidentiality</header><text>Consistent with the provisions of sections 8, 9, and 23(c) of title 13, United States Code, the Director shall ensure the confidentiality of information furnished to the Director under this subsection.</text></subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="id4fc8202725c94a9bb9341aab2f531bc3"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Protection and disclosure of personally identifiable information</header><paragraph id="idde5bd0e6e7f944f49fbd3b82731ec701"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In general</header><text>The security, disclosure, and confidentiality provisions set forth in sections 9 and 23 of title 13, United States Code, shall apply to personally identifiable information obtained by the Bureau of the Census pursuant to this section.</text></paragraph><paragraph id="id15d5f689e065445c9d3ab1121b352a31"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Restricted access to personally identifiable information</header><text>Access to personally identifiable information collected to supplement the restricted-use Current Population Survey Annual Social and Economic Supplements in accordance with subsection (b)(1) shall be available only to those who have access to the Current Population Survey data with the permission of the Bureau of the Census and in accordance with any other applicable provision of law.</text></paragraph><paragraph id="id5B2DE5F70BFF4A2ABEB3CD16208B8594"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Penalties</header><text>Any individual who knowingly accesses or discloses personally identifiable information in violation of this section shall be guilty of a felony and upon conviction thereof shall be fined in an amount of not more than $300,000 under title 18, United States Code, or imprisoned for not more than five years, or both.</text></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="id6909e524a8da4b1cb91573fb1013d0c9"><enum>(d)</enum><header>State reporting of Federal data</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Beginning with the first full calendar year that begins after the date of enactment of this Act, with respect to any Federal benefit that is administered at the State level by a State administering agency, such State administering agency shall submit each year to the Federal administering agency responsible for administering the benefit at the Federal level a report that identifies each resource unit that received such benefits during such year by the personally identifiable information of the head of the resource unit and the amount, or cash equivalent, of such benefit received by such resource unit.</text></subsection></section><section id="id2a16e4a31ab74da1891699f50b97ab31"><enum>102.</enum><header>Commission on valuation of government benefits</header><subsection id="id044124f230784b02a98008a9197faa02"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Establishment</header><text>There is established within the United States Census Bureau a commission, to be known as the <quote>Commission on Valuation of Federal Benefits</quote> (referred to in this section as the <term>Commission</term>).</text></subsection><subsection id="idf175628c6f624aa6b2e1d692c3a2469b"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Composition</header><paragraph id="id7b0fc40e3cda4fcd8698e44212ca74c2"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In general</header><text>The Commission shall be composed of 8 members, of whom—</text><subparagraph id="id9c1b85cf6b6a43a999da53ff200a9d4c"><enum>(A)</enum><text>2 members shall be appointed by the majority leader of the Senate;</text></subparagraph><subparagraph id="ideff625d56ea243b89712edd4b56f0b2f"><enum>(B)</enum><text>2 members shall be appointed by the minority leader of the Senate;</text></subparagraph><subparagraph id="id7671d6588afa447a819bc88e89994218"><enum>(C)</enum><text>2 members shall be appointed by the Speaker of the House of Representatives; and</text></subparagraph><subparagraph id="idb8479d6de21d43a09a4bbdf3b84956f7"><enum>(D)</enum><text>2 members shall be appointed by the minority leader of the House of Representatives.</text></subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="idf790c7ac5ff7478bb23c69f7b787d410"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Co-chairs</header><text>Of the members of the Commission—</text><subparagraph id="idfc226708bb954aafbcd9dca36c454277"><enum>(A)</enum><text>1 co-chair shall be designated by the majority leader of the Senate; and</text></subparagraph><subparagraph id="idbbf08de701ba4afe88b7c527c558cb0d"><enum>(B)</enum><text>1 co-chair shall be designated by the Speaker of the House of Representatives.</text></subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="id4928e66c658c43209c22c0586f7ae13e"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Qualifications</header><text>Each member appointed to the Commission shall have experience in—</text><subparagraph id="ide85447666004475d83af31992ade31a2"><enum>(A)</enum><text>quantitative policy research; and</text></subparagraph><subparagraph id="id804d5ab04075436f9eb526909754dc0e"><enum>(B)</enum><text>welfare or poverty studies.</text></subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="ida35f3f46683a4cf7855530ecffd904f2"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Initial meeting</header><text>Not later than 60 days after the date on which the last member is appointed under subsection (b), the Commission shall hold an initial meeting.</text></subsection><subsection id="idaf06b57413b44da28546b2a3d0f60a25"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Quorum</header><text>Six members of the Commission shall constitute a quorum.</text></subsection><subsection id="id3a8def6e263d4cee9edd21a482d22f1f"><enum>(e)</enum><header>No proxy voting</header><text>Proxy voting by members of the Commission shall be prohibited.</text></subsection><subsection id="id81070c9e018d427d843f0bce5889a90c"><enum>(f)</enum><header>Staff</header><text>The Director of the Census Bureau shall appoint an executive director of the Commission.</text></subsection><subsection id="id6b69e48f16764fb08e434e24515900b4"><enum>(g)</enum><header>Travel expenses</header><text>Members of the Commission shall serve without pay, but shall receive travel expenses in accordance with sections 5702 and 5703 of title 5, United States Code.</text></subsection><subsection id="id9d7b6bfde049411ea38b3e779d2afb92"><enum>(h)</enum><header>Duties of commission</header><paragraph id="ida150e4df777b482d8c0e424d2e483c63"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Recommendations</header><subparagraph id="id3c42b86bb22a4774ac21e0762274eea3"><enum>(A)</enum><header>In general</header><text>The Commission shall produce recommendations for the valuation of Federal benefits listed under section 101(a)(1) for the purpose of United States Census Bureau estimates of the Federal Poverty Level, including non-cash benefits.</text></subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="ide6d41ce019084ade9f8af509fe2e21b8"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Report</header><subparagraph id="id758f8070627b4ad4b4f5c87031a7d294"><enum>(A)</enum><header>In general</header><text>Not later than 270 days after the date of enactment of this Act, the Commission shall submit to Congress a report of the recommendations required under paragraph (1), including a detailed statement of methodology and reasoning behind recommendations.</text></subparagraph><subparagraph id="id5509f2a6ff3941239f16ed2b03c9c57a"><enum>(B)</enum><header>Public availability</header><text>The report required by subparagraph (A) shall be made available on an internet website of the United States Government that is available to the public.</text></subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="id99b66788f2c7425da7a837e56d9a474c"><enum>(i)</enum><header>Powers of commission</header><text>On request by the executive director of the Commission, the head of a Federal agency shall furnish information to the Commission.</text></subsection><subsection id="id4326d73c2a904cefacc32001d3d6012c"><enum>(j)</enum><header>Termination of commission</header><text>The Commission shall terminate 90 days after the date on which the Commission submits the report under subsection (h)(2).</text></subsection><subsection id="idcaeb210d1da742beb9a06177dac3eff6"><enum>(k)</enum><header>Authorization of appropriations</header><text>There is authorized to be appropriated $1,000,000 to carry out this section. </text></subsection></section><section id="id85A53EA09A0F463B91C02ADBFF381FFB"><enum>103.</enum><header>GAO reports on effect of supplementary data on calculation of poverty rates and related measures</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">Not later than January 1, 2028, and every 2 years thereafter, the Comptroller General of the United States shall submit to Congress a report that compares the poverty rates and related measures calculated under the Annual Social and Economic Supplement to the Current Population Survey with the poverty rates and related measures calculated using the data collected under section 101(b)(1).</text></section><section commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="id92E4528CFBE3458D9386AAA6B267AE92"><enum>104.</enum><header>Rule of construction</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline"> Nothing in this title shall be construed to affect the eligibility of an individual or household for a Federal benefit.</text></section><enum>II</enum><header>Modifications to supplemental nutrition assistance program</header><section commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" section-type="subsequent-section" id="idB2FB7CAAAD004430A1E96EAD97C5D89B"><enum>201.</enum><header>Work requirements</header><subsection commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="id94288110C0C342EF9575772AE87DA3A7"><enum>(a)</enum><header display-inline="yes-display-inline">Declaration of policy</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Section 2 of the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/7/2011">7 U.S.C. 2011</external-xref>) is amended by adding at the end the following: <quote>Congress further finds that it should also be the purpose of the supplemental nutrition assistance program to increase employment, to encourage healthy marriage, and to promote prosperous self-sufficiency, which means the ability of households to maintain an income above the poverty level without services and benefits from the Federal Government.</quote>.</text></subsection><subsection id="id5301DACF688946FE9AD1B4B2F18984CE"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Definition of food</header><text>Section 3(k) of the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/7/2012">7 U.S.C. 2012(k)</external-xref>) is amended by striking <quote>means (1)</quote> and inserting <quote>means the following foods, food products, meals, and other items, only if the food, food product, meal, or other item is essential, as determined by the Secretary: (1)</quote>.</text></subsection><subsection id="id2362595AB74B4012952CA5E089F5A393"><enum>(c)</enum><header>General work requirements</header><text>Section 6(d)(1)(A) of the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/7/2015">7 U.S.C. 2015(d)(1)(A)</external-xref>) is amended, in the matter preceding clause (i), by striking <quote>60</quote> and inserting <quote>65</quote>.</text></subsection><subsection id="id9D5A1EA604734CE1936F59258D2FB6C1"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Hour-Based work requirement</header><text>Section 6(o) of the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/7/2015">7 U.S.C. 2015(o)</external-xref>) is amended—</text><paragraph id="id328f7e99385f499cb0311c57bf8eb90a"><enum>(1)</enum><text>in paragraph (1)(C), by striking <quote>other than a supervised job search program or job search training program</quote> and inserting <quote>including an in-person supervised job search program</quote>;</text></paragraph><paragraph id="id6720E67C08704018AB04D6BF4C186827"><enum>(2)</enum><text>in paragraph (3)(A)(ii)(III), by striking <quote>55</quote> and inserting <quote>64</quote>;</text></paragraph><paragraph id="id012D571EBF734E4A92D7BC45A3F4C084"><enum>(3)</enum><text>in paragraph (4)(A)—</text><subparagraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="id7AA21BDA1BCB4D4BA282EB79B71A671D"><enum>(A)</enum><text>in the matter preceding clause (i), by striking <quote>area</quote> and inserting <quote>county or county equivalent </quote>; </text></subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="idE6884B6723824E5B8AEB84D05D58F1B2"><enum>(B)</enum><text>in clause (i), by striking <quote>or</quote> and inserting <quote>and</quote>; and</text></subparagraph><subparagraph id="id153b57c8111449a5af4c1b847d49dce1"><enum>(C)</enum><text>by striking clause (ii) and inserting the following:</text><quoted-block style="OLC" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="id19d559457b974731a3b9f352619f4470"><clause id="id39cbd782778147208be7e2fe1e90a553"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>is not located within a labor market area, as determined by data published by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, that has an unemployment rate of over 10 percent.</text></clause><after-quoted-block>;</after-quoted-block></quoted-block></subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="id8cf6180321054886ab72433a7f080c69"><enum>(4)</enum><text>in paragraph (6)(D), by striking <quote>15 percent</quote> and inserting <quote>5 percent</quote>;</text></paragraph><paragraph id="idECECFFDB451349FD8AD9B43BD7FEE4C6"><enum>(5)</enum><text>by redesignating paragraph (7) as paragraph (8);</text></paragraph><paragraph id="idCA11E2BA3F8B4DEA821C06E5456E7ECF"><enum>(6)</enum><text>by inserting after paragraph (6) the following:</text><quoted-block style="OLC" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="id04015A4BD39A4E59A29C8A5659F50F39"><paragraph id="id543F5CBADA2B4F098BEBEB385927C2E9"><enum>(7)</enum><header>Work or work preparation hours requirement for married couples with children</header><text>The total combined number of hours of work or work preparation activities under subparagraphs (A), (B), and (C) of paragraph (2) for both spouses in a married couple household with 1 or more children over the age of 6 shall not be greater than the total number of hours required under those subparagraphs for a single head of household.</text></paragraph><after-quoted-block>; and</after-quoted-block></quoted-block></paragraph><paragraph id="id2e508570bdea4be2b9cd9e71924565bd"><enum>(7)</enum><text>by inserting after paragraph (8) (as so redesignated) the following:</text><quoted-block style="OLC" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="id3da26296862e4fe49a3334939a1a23c7"><paragraph id="idb4b98fac7dbd4604b422197d1aa9d649"><enum>(9)</enum><header>Minimum wage rule</header><text>The limitation under subsection (d)(4)(F)(i) shall not apply to any work requirement, program, or activity required under this subsection.</text></paragraph><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block></paragraph></subsection></section><section id="id0C1B8C9929E84779ABCF69330970E6BD"><enum>202.</enum><header>Employment and training program outcomes reporting</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Agriculture shall submit to Congress a report, using data from the most recent 5 fiscal years available, detailing the outcomes of beneficiaries of the supplemental nutrition assistance program established under the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/7/2011">7 U.S.C. 2011 et seq.</external-xref>) (referred to in this section as <term>SNAP</term>) who participate in employment and training programs (as defined in section 6(d)(4)(B) of that Act (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/7/2015">7 U.S.C. 2015(d)(4)(B)</external-xref>)) for each of those 5 years that includes the following information:</text><paragraph id="ide459145ff5974b45b51a1d9f1f7721a4"><enum>(1)</enum><text>The number and percentage of SNAP beneficiaries in each State who participated in an employment and training program compared to the number and percentage of SNAP beneficiaries in each State who did not participate in an employment and training program.</text></paragraph><paragraph id="id9bb2c4ef487c4e0d9aef2257857ee7d3"><enum>(2)</enum><text>The number and percentage of SNAP beneficiaries in each State who obtained a job while participating in an employment and training program compared to the number and percentage of SNAP beneficiaries in each State who obtained a job but did not participate in an employment and training program.</text></paragraph><paragraph id="id4964449aa2e34c31a2638ebdcea101ed"><enum>(3)</enum><text>The number and percentage of SNAP beneficiaries in each State who retained a job for 6 months, 1 year, and 5 years after completing an employment and training program and obtaining a job compared to the number and percentage of SNAP beneficiaries in each State who retained a job for 6 months, 1 year, and 5 years but did not complete an employment and training program prior to obtaining that job.</text></paragraph><paragraph id="idc30e702d8f354116a1676546b8a738fc"><enum>(4)</enum><text>The increase or decrease in wages, if applicable, for SNAP beneficiaries in each State who retained a job for 6 months, 1 year, and 5 years after completing an employment and training program and obtaining a job compared to the increase or decrease in wages, if applicable, for SNAP beneficiaries in each State who retained a job for 6 months, 1 year, and 5 years but did not complete an employment and training program prior to obtaining that job.</text></paragraph><paragraph id="id97de840218f8499281be91b5eec75cab"><enum>(5)</enum><text>The number and percentage of SNAP beneficiaries who—</text><subparagraph id="id151D67467A1344A59E52A36200DFA9D0"><enum>(A)</enum><text>previously participated in an employment and training program;</text></subparagraph><subparagraph id="id9C0F90EB9B49429E9C087164233865B1"><enum>(B)</enum><text>after that participation, obtained a job or stopped receiving SNAP benefits; and</text></subparagraph><subparagraph id="idE952DAB5DDEE4A93BE6496ED0E8A45E5"><enum>(C)</enum><text>after regaining eligibility for SNAP benefits, reentered an employment or training program.</text></subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="id44d8eda67c074a1bb320dcfb21d1ab4d"><enum>(6)</enum><text>The average duration that SNAP beneficiaries in each State participated in an employment and training program.</text></paragraph><paragraph id="ida6e1405c43e44f9e8efa32620b67cf11"><enum>(7)</enum><text>A breakdown of—</text><subparagraph id="id9AACD37C434D4BDF845C79952A4C47A3"><enum>(A)</enum><text>the types of employment and training activities offered by the employment and training program of each State; and</text></subparagraph><subparagraph id="id48BE77E1A61C48F786616E286A25B3AF"><enum>(B)</enum><text>the types of jobs that States are preparing employment and training program participants to obtain. </text></subparagraph></paragraph></section><section section-type="subsequent-section" id="id0E9B2E030831402199C3F9657029254F"><enum>203.</enum><header>State matching funds</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">Section 4 of the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/7/2013">7 U.S.C. 2013</external-xref>) is amended by adding at the end the following:</text><quoted-block style="OLC" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="idFE2313FF371C4DFC8D8A9884787C2156"><subsection id="id4F99765ED121497CA9A541A6C98BBA50"><enum>(d)</enum><header>State matching funds</header><paragraph id="idAD1053AA802B4823916641AF29AF994D"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In general</header><text>Each State that participates in the supplemental nutrition assistance program shall, as a condition of participation, be required to contribute matching funds in an amount equal to, of the funds received from the Secretary by the State for program administration—</text><subparagraph id="id7B5E26A0EF9C4B54A4524A1806EBF330" commented="no"><enum>(A)</enum><text>for fiscal year 2025, 10 percent;</text></subparagraph><subparagraph id="idAD6D2FB861F14B409E35678AADD2211E" commented="no"><enum>(B)</enum><text>for fiscal year 2026, 15 percent;</text></subparagraph><subparagraph id="id940627D12A7B43CABA085CD5BDD26CAA" commented="no"><enum>(C)</enum><text>for fiscal year 2027, 20 percent;</text></subparagraph><subparagraph id="id35065C3B677640B2AFCCE3A4347639DE" commented="no"><enum>(D)</enum><text>for fiscal year 2028, 25 percent;</text></subparagraph><subparagraph id="idCCE7675502804EF9A9D1094D7AFE9364" commented="no"><enum>(E)</enum><text>for fiscal year 2029, 30 percent;</text></subparagraph><subparagraph id="idB0583A1BA5E6444F94A540890D9225C2" commented="no"><enum>(F)</enum><text>for fiscal year 2030, 35 percent;</text></subparagraph><subparagraph id="id1BD0B61A26544F72A72700A8CE85E404" commented="no"><enum>(G)</enum><text>for fiscal year 2031, 40 percent;</text></subparagraph><subparagraph id="idC789236A70914EE7AF65AF0ABCC0E510" commented="no"><enum>(H)</enum><text>for fiscal year 2032, 45 percent; and</text></subparagraph><subparagraph id="id45C4EE5D867B4D3B9D3351E994574ADD" commented="no"><enum>(I)</enum><text>for fiscal year 2033 and each fiscal year thereafter, 50 percent.</text></subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="id611fd85cd65e4b57a3d3aa985d5d16b7"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Additional contributions permitted</header><text>Nothing in this subsection prevents a State from contributing matching funds in an amount greater than the amount required under paragraph (1) for the applicable fiscal year.</text></paragraph></subsection><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block></section><section commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" section-type="subsequent-section" id="id88C28AB3C3124C10BD8077AEB601E37C"><enum>204.</enum><header display-inline="yes-display-inline">Eligibility</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">Section 5(a) of the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/7/2014">7 U.S.C. 2014(a)</external-xref>) is amended—</text><paragraph id="id582f232374f04136a8438ad0dd3def92"><enum>(1)</enum><text>in the second sentence, by inserting <quote>that are limited to families whose income and resources satisfy financial need criteria established in accordance with subsections (c) and (g) by the State for receipt of the benefits</quote> after <quote>(<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/42/601">42 U.S.C. 601 et seq.</external-xref>)</quote>; and</text></paragraph><paragraph id="id90ce66492d2a490f842e188fcebcf149"><enum>(2)</enum><text>by inserting after the second sentence the following: <quote>To be deemed eligible for participation in the supplemental nutrition assistance program under this subsection, a household shall receive a cash or noncash means-tested public benefit for at least 6 consecutive months valued at not less than $50.</quote>. </text></paragraph></section><section section-type="subsequent-section" id="id7A3D22CF6A6C4152BF2D614E987A8740"><enum>205.</enum><header>Compliance with fraud investigations</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">Section 6(d) of the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/7/2015">7 U.S.C. 2015(d)</external-xref>) is amended by adding at the end the following:</text><quoted-block style="OLC" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="id38CF1842B7344DBAA6DB1FF06F5DAF27"><paragraph id="idBDA04B5C210843B6983C3AF8FCAA203A"><enum>(5)</enum><header>Compliance with fraud investigations</header><text>To be eligible to participate in the supplemental nutrition assistance program, an individual shall cooperate with any investigation into fraud under that program, including full participation in any—</text><subparagraph id="idB9A63FA0D5A44B7D97B1B067671DF7BD"><enum>(A)</enum><text>meeting requested by fraud investigators; and </text></subparagraph><subparagraph id="id21C417C28762430DB2D1BABB1AF49AD8"><enum>(B)</enum><text>administrative hearing.</text></subparagraph></paragraph><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block></section><section section-type="subsequent-section" id="idEE51CC30781B4A7BAD2A3E2B51D0874A"><enum>206.</enum><header>Authorized users of electronic benefit transfer cards</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">Section 7(h) of the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/7/2016">7 U.S.C. 2016(h)</external-xref>) is amended by adding at the end the following:</text><quoted-block style="OLC" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="idCDB944667230421AA30B5A2B726AE907"><paragraph id="idDB9553573A154FFE9649819EEB95DA71"><enum>(15)</enum><header>Authorized users</header><subparagraph id="id43CDE4F35E33406F9CAA5C5BA92D505D"><enum>(A)</enum><header>In general</header><text>A State agency shall register—</text><clause id="idA1EFAACE920F4E22AB4F0E92A06EC18F"><enum>(i)</enum><text>at least 1 member of a household issued an EBT card as an authorized user of the card; and</text></clause><clause commented="no" id="idA1A4A610AC0047A39D82542AAFFE1164"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>an authorized representative of a household as an authorized user of the EBT card issued to the household.</text></clause></subparagraph><subparagraph id="id2B50A7D8870C459A83DFD7F73618D704"><enum>(B)</enum><header>Limit</header><text>Not more than 5 individuals shall be registered as authorized users, including the authorized representative of a household, on an EBT card.</text></subparagraph><subparagraph id="id4959666596974eee900ff455f8752adf"><enum>(C)</enum><header>Unauthorized use</header><clause id="id9552614206274313AA7FE2D5D94E7429"><enum>(i)</enum><header>In general</header><text>An EBT card shall not be used by any individual who is not an authorized user of the EBT card.</text></clause><clause id="id2932fda43b8b4e0a943fa054c5482446"><enum>(ii)</enum><header>2 unauthorized uses</header><text>If an EBT card has been used 2 times by an unauthorized user of the EBT card, the head of the household to which the EBT card is issued shall be required to review program rights and responsibilities with personnel of the State agency.</text></clause><clause id="id89f09bab22a047b8944d1a259af945cb"><enum>(iii)</enum><header>4 unauthorized uses</header><text>If an EBT card has been used 4 times by an unauthorized user of the EBT card, the State agency shall suspend benefits for the household to which the EBT card is issued for 1 month.</text></clause><clause id="id38d7c3e7e97c465888f74b4bcc43008f"><enum>(iv)</enum><header>6 unauthorized uses</header><text>If an EBT card has been used 6 times by an unauthorized user of the EBT card, the State agency shall suspend benefits for the household to which the EBT card is issued for 3 months.</text></clause><clause id="id97b0d2a2748e45709cbd5911b915bb6d"><enum>(v)</enum><header>7 or more unauthorized uses</header><text>If an EBT card has been used 7 or more times by an unauthorized user of the EBT card, the State agency shall suspend benefits for the household to which the EBT card is issued for 1 month per unauthorized use.</text></clause><clause commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="id103bea4418b84b3da47f5a1b1518ffdc"><enum>(vi)</enum><header>Administration</header><text>Any action taken under clauses (ii) through (v) shall be consistent with sections 6(b) and 11(e)(10), as applicable.</text></clause></subparagraph></paragraph><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block></section><section section-type="subsequent-section" id="idF8E6D3EA59B043CDACBC4B74CEE09B78"><enum>207.</enum><header>Reauthorization of medium- or high-risk retail food stores and wholesale food concerns</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">Section 9(a)(2)(A) of the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/7/2018">7 U.S.C. 2018(a)(2)(A)</external-xref>) is amended by striking <quote>; and</quote> and inserting <quote>, which, in the case of a retail food store or wholesale food concern for which there is a medium risk or high risk of fraudulent transactions, as determined by the fraud detection system of the Food and Nutrition Service, shall be annually; and</quote>.</text></section><section section-type="subsequent-section" id="idE243C9B991EE4B0E99F6FD0C6CA1E4CD"><enum>208.</enum><header>State activity reports</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">Section 11 of the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/7/2020">7 U.S.C. 2020</external-xref>) is amended by adding at the end the following:</text><quoted-block style="OLC" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="id8A9572CF05B14F5CB0A60ECD60C02C95"><subsection id="id26DC748C054F433E95F199E05699E4C2"><enum>(y)</enum><header>State activity reports</header><text>The Secretary shall publish for each fiscal year a report describing the activity of each State in the supplemental nutrition assistance program, which shall contain, for the applicable fiscal year, substantially the same information as is contained in the report published by the Food and Nutrition Service entitled <quote>Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program State Activity Report Fiscal Year 2016</quote> and published September 2017.</text></subsection><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block></section><section section-type="subsequent-section" id="id180DA438C9424E738718547B466D8DD6"><enum>209.</enum><header>Disqualification by State agency</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">Section 12 of the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/7/2021">7 U.S.C. 2021</external-xref>) is amended by adding at the end the following:</text><quoted-block style="OLC" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="id5B45728D95FF44FC90B9B2FE2F56B025"><subsection commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="ID71CC3F694D554E7C8C956BCA44FF4D9B"><enum>(j)</enum><header display-inline="yes-display-inline">Disqualification by State agency</header><paragraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="ID2D5B1084E6E14B55B06F9B25F42A2F72"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In general</header><text>Except as provided in paragraph (4), a State agency shall permanently disqualify from participation in the supplemental nutrition assistance program an approved retail food store or wholesale food concern convicted of—</text><subparagraph id="ID9AE1E9AA81C04B4C9B1D2A6DC015CB35"><enum>(A)</enum><text>trafficking in food instruments (including any voucher, draft, check, or access device (including an electronic benefit transfer card or personal identification number) issued in lieu of a food instrument under this Act); or</text></subparagraph><subparagraph id="ID4DE60A8991D3447CB2B94755DF00D79A"><enum>(B)</enum><text>selling firearms, ammunition, explosives, or controlled substances (as defined in section 102 of the Controlled Substances Act (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/21/802">21 U.S.C. 802</external-xref>)) in exchange for food instruments (including any item described in subparagraph (A) issued in lieu of a food instrument under this Act).</text></subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="ID97D9663C71BF4A37A2D9764B91800DAF"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Notice of disqualification</header><text>The State agency shall—</text><subparagraph id="IDA49CE6B5C14F48348CADB78FB69BEF3F"><enum>(A)</enum><text>provide the approved retail food store or wholesale food concern with notification of the disqualification; and</text></subparagraph><subparagraph id="IDEB4859F18BD84AEE878BBFD426B26ED7"><enum>(B)</enum><text>make the disqualification effective on the date of receipt of the notice of disqualification.</text></subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="IDEB87AAC93DF047A08BF7EC9315F2715F"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Prohibition of receipt of lost revenues</header><text>A retail food store or wholesale food concern shall not be entitled to receive any compensation for revenues lost as a result of disqualification under this subsection.</text></paragraph><paragraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="IDC84E33B9F265469EB739EC355F63A270"><enum>(4)</enum><header>Exceptions in lieu of disqualification</header><subparagraph id="IDB75A59239A264323B21AE56D092586D0"><enum>(A)</enum><header>In general</header><text>A State agency may permit a retail food store or wholesale food concern that, but for this paragraph, would be disqualified under paragraph (1), to continue to participate in the supplemental nutrition assistance program if the State agency determines, in its sole discretion, that—</text><clause id="IDD87857AA1A1A45C79B4ED64BD2D724B4"><enum>(i)</enum><text>disqualification of the retail food store or wholesale food concern, as applicable, would cause hardship to participants in the supplemental nutrition assistance program; or </text></clause><clause id="IDDA9E25BCDA7B45618B896B647496A491"><enum>(ii)</enum><subclause commented="no" display-inline="yes-display-inline" id="ID1A3EE21EA6A14311B8BA17043452B781"><enum>(I)</enum><text>the retail food store or wholesale food concern had, at the time of the violation under paragraph (1), an effective policy and program in effect to prevent violations described in paragraph (1); and</text></subclause><subclause id="ID3AD14D47AC934483898287DC6DDE7A9B" indent="up1"><enum>(II)</enum><text>the ownership of the retail food store or wholesale food concern was not aware of, did not approve of, and was not involved in the conduct of the violation.</text></subclause></clause></subparagraph><subparagraph id="ID8C2B2EEFF3A14E3C8AEAA8343147F54C"><enum>(B)</enum><header>Civil penalty</header><text>If a State agency under subparagraph (A) permits a retail food store or wholesale food concern to continue to participate in the supplemental nutrition assistance program in lieu of disqualification, the State agency shall assess a civil penalty in an amount determined by the State agency, except that— </text><clause id="IDFECDA929E7264CE8BAA075B6DA5A3D74"><enum>(i)</enum><text>the amount of the civil penalty shall not exceed $10,000 for each violation; and</text></clause><clause commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="IDC559A4EEAD6A4D6CA8511231635B5464"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>the amount of civil penalties imposed for violations investigated as part of a single investigation may not exceed $40,000.</text></clause></subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="id18F4251E0A7248D39C65B35F9CD7B08E"><enum>(C)</enum><header>Reporting</header><clause commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="id73CAF18C203B47FCB90817D957C0BC69"><enum>(i)</enum><header>To the Secretary</header><text>If a State agency under subparagraph (A) permits a retail food store or wholesale food concern to continue to participate in the supplemental nutrition assistance program in lieu of disqualification, the State agency shall annually submit to the Secretary a report describing the justification of the State agency for that action.</text></clause><clause commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="id98BBD0F733B8425780FF10ED3B8E458C"><enum>(ii)</enum><header>To Congress</header><text>The Secretary shall annually submit to Congress a report compiling the information contained in reports submitted to the Secretary under clause (i).</text></clause></subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block></section><section section-type="subsequent-section" id="id1F2AAB6D986549E3A603D820910843BC"><enum>210.</enum><header>Retention of recaptured funds by States</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">Section 16(a) of the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/7/2025">7 U.S.C. 2025(a)</external-xref>) is amended—</text><paragraph id="id6E79AAD99B6748D196535B350EDEDFC2"><enum>(1)</enum><text>in the second sentence, by striking <quote>The officials</quote> and inserting the following:</text><quoted-block style="OLC" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="id25909ED91F454FA390071C60864DD200"><paragraph id="id7E55F4EA76064234AE9D7C5119C78496"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Prohibition</header><text>The officials</text></paragraph><after-quoted-block>;</after-quoted-block></quoted-block></paragraph><paragraph id="id55FDADEFAF6F4AE29C4F38091DD1FEFD"><enum>(2)</enum><text>in the first sentence—</text><subparagraph id="id9B1EE7252C5742B7BED2266C433DBA3F"><enum>(A)</enum><text>by redesignating paragraphs (1) through (9) as subparagraphs (A) through (I), respectively; and</text></subparagraph><subparagraph id="id09C6843723724A1487CB63ECE6B47E63"><enum>(B)</enum><text>by striking <quote>section 17(n): <italic>Provided,</italic> That the Secretary</quote> and inserting the following: “section 17(n).</text><quoted-block style="OLC" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="idA7B6E74D8E2B4A128E98AA75BBE9154B"><paragraph id="idA4DC412941DA4AB48F01500E640B21FA"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Administration on Indian reservations and in Native villages</header><subparagraph id="id9A4289CF9F634568AA4FE12B819F6EA2"><enum>(A)</enum><header>In general</header><text>The Secretary</text></subparagraph></paragraph><after-quoted-block>;</after-quoted-block></quoted-block></subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="id5B4395BCECBC412095983F21C99C007E"><enum>(3)</enum><text>in paragraph (2) (as so designated)—</text><subparagraph id="idC732F2E660E24B6AAC2756CCA29C8D7D"><enum>(A)</enum><text>in subparagraph (A), by striking <quote>35 percent</quote> and inserting <quote>50 percent</quote>; and</text></subparagraph><subparagraph id="idD24311E9C61D4EE38E2C4BCD09365F7E"><enum>(B)</enum><text>by adding at the end the following:</text><quoted-block style="OLC" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="idBA8D800989294509BC78A2375CAE7967"><subparagraph id="id72157B127BD84F2393484B3EB70CC4EF"><enum>(B)</enum><header>Use of retained amounts for fraud investigations</header><text>The value of funds or allotments recovered or collected pursuant to sections 6(b) and 13(c) that are retained by a State under subparagraph (A) in excess of 35 percent shall be used by the State for investigations of fraud in the supplemental nutrition assistance program.</text></subparagraph><after-quoted-block>; and</after-quoted-block></quoted-block></subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="idB8BF4ACDE6E2442FB6DCC8DC987472D5"><enum>(4)</enum><text>by striking the subsection designation and all that follows through <quote>Subject to</quote> in the matter preceding paragraph (2) (as so designated) and inserting the following:</text><quoted-block style="OLC" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="id673262BE8DBD419DB24BE19CF6EC6EC9"><subsection id="id4E8C3173808041E2BCA4B38C9EF42414"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Administrative cost-Sharing</header><paragraph id="id55E2E0E1E4254D98997EEE6169FCCB49"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In general</header><text>Subject to</text></paragraph></subsection><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block></paragraph></section>