Prohibition on availability of funds to use certain unmanned aircraft vehicles in the United States to conduct surveillance of United States persons engaged in protests or civil disobedience

(a)

Prohibition

None of the funds authorized to be appropriated for fiscal year 2026 or any fiscal year thereafter for the Department of Homeland Security, the Department of Defense, or any other executive agency may be used to operate a covered unmanned aircraft vehicle in the United States to conduct surveillance of United States persons engaged in protests or civil disobedience. (b)

Reports

(1)

Requirement

On an annual basis, the President shall transmit to the appropriate congressional committees a report on the use of covered unmanned aircraft vehicles in the United States during the period covered by the report. (2)

Elements

Each report under paragraph (1) shall include, with respect to the period covered by the report, the following: (A)A list of each individual instance in which a covered unmanned aircraft vehicle was used— (i)for a novel purpose; or (ii)for a purpose not authorized by Congress, including with respect to a use by one executive agency for an authorized purpose to assist another executive agency that is not authorized to carry out such purpose. (B)With respect to each instance of a use of a covered unmanned aircraft vehicle listed under subparagraph (A)— (i)the purpose of such use; (ii)a justification for using a covered unmanned aircraft vehicle, including an analysis of why such use was required rather than using alternative means more traditionally used in a civilian context, including helicopters or smaller, lower-altitude civilian unmanned aerial vehicles; (iii)the dates and time of such use; (iv)the duration of such use; (v)the location of such use; (vi)the model of covered unmanned aircraft vehicle used; (vii)identification of— (I)any sensors, cameras, and other monitoring equipment equipped on the covered unmanned aircraft vehicle; and (II)any weapons equipped on the covered unmanned aircraft vehicle; (viii) a description of the process for approving such use, including both the process of the executive agency and any interagency process; and (ix)whether any United States persons were surveilled for any reason, and if so— (I)whether the executive agency identified any United States person; (II)the number of such United States persons identified; (III)the purpose for identifying such United States persons; (IV)whether the executive agency disseminated such United States person information to any other executive agency or a non-Federal Government entity; and (V)the period that the executive agency will retain such United States person information. (3)

Form

The reports under paragraph (1) may be submitted in classified form or include a classified annex. (c)

Definitions

In this section: (1)The term appropriate congressional committees means the following: (A)The Committees on Armed Services and Homeland Security of the House of Representatives. (B)The Committees on Armed Services and Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs of the Senate. (C)The Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence of the House of Representatives and the Select Committee on Intelligence of the Senate. (2)The term covered unmanned aircraft vehicle means any of the following: (A)The MQ–9 Reaper, or variants thereof. (B)Any unmanned aircraft that— (i)uses an airframe initially developed for use by the Armed Forces; (ii)is a medium-altitude, long-endurance aircraft or a high-altitude, long-endurance aircraft; or (iii)is capable of flying at an altitude of 10,000 feet or higher. (3)The term executive agency has the meaning given that term in section 105 of title 5, United States Code. (4)The term United States person has the meaning given that term in section 1637 of the Carl Levin and Howard P. Buck McKeon National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2015 (50 U.S.C. 1708).