116 S697 IS: Next Step Act of 2019 U.S. Senate 2019-03-07 text/xml EN Pursuant to Title 17 Section 105 of the United States Code, this file is not subject to copyright protection and is in the public domain.
II 116th CONGRESS1st Session S. 697 IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES March 7, 2019 Mr. Booker introduced the following bill; which was read twice and referred to the Committee on the Judiciary A BILL To reform sentencing, prisons, re-entry of prisoners, and law enforcement practices, and for other purposes.
1.
Short title; table of contents
(a)
Short title
This Act may be cited as the Next Step Act of 2019. (b)
Table of contents
The table of contents for this Act is as follows:Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents. Division A—Sentencing Reform: Ending Mass Incarceration Title I—Elimination of Crack Cocaine Sentencing Disparity Sec. 101. Elimination of increased penalties for cocaine offenses where the cocaine involved is cocaine base. Title II—Marijuana Justice Act Sec. 201. Short title. Sec. 202. De-scheduling marihuana. Sec. 203. Ineligibility for certain funds. Sec. 204. Community Reinvestment Fund. Title III—Smarter Sentencing Act Sec. 301. Short title. Sec. 302. Sentencing modifications for certain drug offenses. Sec. 303. Directive to the Sentencing Commission. Sec. 304. Report by Attorney General. Sec. 305. Report on Federal criminal offenses. Title IV—Parole for Juveniles Sec. 401. Parole for juveniles. Title V—Reverse Mass Incarceration Sec. 501. Short title. Sec. 502. Grant program. Division B—Prison Reform Title VI—Dignity Act Sec. 601. Short title. Sec. 602. Treatment of primary caretaker parents and other individuals in Federal prisons. Sec. 603. Overnight visit pilot program. Division C—Re-entry Reform: Reducing the Collateral Consequences of ConvictionTitle VII—Fair Chance Act Sec. 701. Short title. Sec. 702. Prohibition on criminal history inquiries prior to conditional offer for Federal employment. Sec. 703. Prohibition on criminal history inquiries by contractors prior to conditional offer. Sec. 704. Report on employment of individuals formerly incarcerated in Federal prisons. Title VIII—Fair Chance Licensing Act Sec. 801. Short title. Sec. 802. Restrictions on use of criminal records to disqualify individuals from employment, occupational licensing, or occupational certification. Sec. 803. Transparency and accountability study. Title IX—REDEEM Act Sec. 901. Short title. Sec. 902. Sealing of criminal records. Sec. 903. Juvenile sealing and expungement. Sec. 904. Study and report on cost savings from sealing and expungement provisions. Sec. 905. TANF assistance and SNAP benefits. Sec. 906. State incentives. Sec. 907. Gender equality in Federal juvenile delinquency proceedings. Sec. 908. Ensuring accuracy in the FBI background check system. Sec. 909. Report on statutory and regulatory restrictions and disqualifications based on criminal records. Title X—Democracy Restoration Act Sec. 1001. Short title. Sec. 1002. Findings. Sec. 1003. Definitions. Sec. 1004. Rights of citizens. Sec. 1005. Enforcement. Sec. 1006. Notification of restoration of voting rights. Sec. 1007. Relation to other laws. Sec. 1008. Federal prison funds. Sec. 1009. Effective date. Title XI—New Pathways Act Sec. 1101. Short title. Sec. 1102. Identification for returning citizens. Division D—Police Reform Title XII—PRIDE Act Sec. 1201. Short title. Sec. 1202. Definitions. Sec. 1203. Use of force reporting. Sec. 1204. Community and law enforcement partnership grant program. Sec. 1205. Compliance with reporting requirements. Sec. 1206. Authorization of appropriations. Title XIII—End Racial and Religious Profiling Act Sec. 1301. Short title. Sec. 1302. Definitions. Subtitle A—Prohibition of Racial Profiling Sec. 1311. Prohibition. Sec. 1312. Enforcement. Subtitle B—Programs To Eliminate Racial Profiling By Federal Law Enforcement Agencies Sec. 1321. Policies to eliminate racial profiling. Subtitle C—Programs To Eliminate Racial Profiling By State, Local, and Indian Tribal Law Enforcement Agencies Sec. 1331. Policies required for grants. Sec. 1332. Involvement of Attorney General. Sec. 1333. Data collection demonstration project. Sec. 1334. Best practices development grants. Sec. 1335. Authorization of appropriations. Subtitle D—Data Collection Sec. 1341. Attorney General to issue regulations. Sec. 1342. Publication of data. Sec. 1343. Limitations on publication of data. Subtitle E—Department of Justice Regulations and Reports on Racial Profiling in the United States Sec. 1351. Attorney General to issue regulations and reports. Subtitle F—Miscellaneous Provisions Sec. 1361. Severability. Sec. 1362. Savings clause.
A
Sentencing Reform: Ending Mass Incarceration
<enum>I</enum><header>Elimination of Crack Cocaine Sen­tenc­ing Disparity</header> <section id="idD552FBCB081E4DB1A70E3CB36CF9E1BC"><enum>101.</enum><header>Elimination of increased penalties for cocaine offenses where the cocaine involved is cocaine base</header> <subsection id="id97B41E0B56BF44B5979E5CA8F180FA83"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Controlled substances act</header><text>The following provisions of the Controlled Substances Act (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/21/801">21 U.S.C. 801</external-xref> et seq.) are repealed:</text> <paragraph id="idEC553462D3124D04A286964CE779C743"><enum>(1)</enum><text>Clause (iii) of section 401(b)(1)(A).</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="id00654F6B552E4A4A8ADB88E4BAC55950"><enum>(2)</enum><text>Clause (iii) of section 401(b)(1)(B).</text> </paragraph></subsection><subsection id="idC50CA3B449FA470EB728CEB128DA2792"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Controlled substances import and export act</header><text>The following provisions of the Controlled Substances Import and Export Act (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/21/951">21 U.S.C. 951</external-xref> et seq.) are repealed:</text> <paragraph id="idAB693CAF3D0544949484843043C6EA11"><enum>(1)</enum><text>Subparagraph (C) of section 1010(b)(1).</text> </paragraph><paragraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="id0114DBC9CBB3483291C3FA15E856A92D"><enum>(2)</enum><text>Subparagraph (C) of section 1010(b)(2).</text> </paragraph></subsection><subsection id="idaea36c9f96a24fbc9500271d6a7743c2"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Applicability to pending and past cases</header> <paragraph id="id40d9ea6d84cd425e9ddeb4e0effbe734"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Pending cases</header><text>This section, and the amendments made by this section, shall apply to any offense that was committed before the date of enactment of this Act, if a sentence for the offense has not been imposed as of such date of enactment.</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="idf9590b7b0f684e30b9e89d4b3111640b"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Past cases</header><text>In the case of a defendant who, before the date of enactment of this Act, was convicted of an offense for which the penalty is amended by this section and was sentenced to a term of imprisonment for the offense, the sentencing court may, on motion of the defendant or the Director of the Bureau of Prisons, or on its own motion, reduce the term of imprisonment for the offense, after considering the factors set forth in section 3553(a) of title 18, United States Code, to the extent the factors are applicable, if such a reduction is consistent with—</text> <subparagraph id="idfbc059ad17384a059a225dd3b04df856"><enum>(A)</enum><text>this section and the amendments made by this section; and</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="id67a3c3022c38437e8273dc9c132b7544"><enum>(B)</enum><text>applicable policy statements issued by the United States Sentencing Commission.</text> </subparagraph></paragraph></subsection></section><enum>II</enum><header>Marijuana Justice Act</header> <section commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H86684C2F40024A08876697172842C279" section-type="subsequent-section"><enum>201.</enum><header display-inline="yes-display-inline">Short title</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">This title may be cited as the <quote><short-title>Marijuana Justice Act of 2019</short-title></quote>.</text> </section><section id="H87A21C21A5AB447A8849D6F46448D753"><enum>202.</enum><header>De-scheduling marihuana</header> <subsection id="id271A4B0B3043470C853290151F37A23E"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Marihuana removed from schedule of controlled substances</header><text>Subsection (c) of schedule I of section 202(c) of the Controlled Substances Act (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/21/812">21 U.S.C. 812</external-xref>) is amended—</text> <paragraph id="id83ab4e52dd9c4c01bffdb988eae3daea"><enum>(1)</enum><text>by striking <quote>marihuana</quote>; and</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="ida9043f82707c417e8ba63e497b0723c2"><enum>(2)</enum><text>by striking <quote>tetrahydrocannabinols</quote>.</text> </paragraph></subsection><subsection id="id2828a35d7e7f44f1aa1f5a0845af7f47"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Removal of Prohibition on Import and Export</header><text>Section 1010(b) of the Controlled Substances Import and Export Act (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/21/960">21 U.S.C. 960</external-xref>) is amended—</text> <paragraph id="id79ce92fc29e64db8b8eb4704069eaa58"><enum>(1)</enum><text>in paragraph (1)—</text> <subparagraph id="id2cece0e704bf446cbd7283a9d5792ce3"><enum>(A)</enum><text>in subparagraph (F), by inserting <quote>or</quote> after the semicolon;</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="id68df6c6fe5c84e5c8ae8ada0f5d3de25"><enum>(B)</enum><text>by striking subparagraph (G); and</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="ida0e8a5bd94ed4602b8bcc810c9c7e662"><enum>(C)</enum><text>by redesignating subparagraph (H) as subparagraph (G);</text> </subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="id8ab7b035702a455eb206d6e0497819be"><enum>(2)</enum><text>in paragraph (2)—</text> <subparagraph id="idc3345f0bd00e4876a75c39298b2660a8"><enum>(A)</enum><text>in subparagraph (F), by inserting <quote>or</quote> after the semicolon;</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="id33eac883487748c0bbf2487504dbb024"><enum>(B)</enum><text>by striking subparagraph (G); and</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="id46c05d2ff8454d06a33251cbfb691d6b"><enum>(C)</enum><text>by redesignating subparagraph (H) as subparagraph (G);</text> </subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="idaf5edfcf13a944f3a169e6765358c13b"><enum>(3)</enum><text>in paragraph (3), by striking <quote>paragraphs (1), (2), and (4)</quote> and inserting <quote>paragraphs (1) and (2)</quote>;</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="id47c54b13768a45538bf561c769f4e520"><enum>(4)</enum><text>by striking paragraph (4); and</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="idf4f4e470a71f4a809a4203226d0253e0"><enum>(5)</enum><text>by redesignating paragraphs (5), (6), and (7) as paragraphs (4), (5), and (6), respectively.</text> </paragraph></subsection><subsection id="idd7a02d26bacb45039a0aad7e040b4344"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Conforming amendments to Controlled Substances Act</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The Controlled Substances Act (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/21/801">21 U.S.C. 801</external-xref> et seq.) is amended—</text> <paragraph id="id6c631ff01bf74831a9defee243af1bfc"><enum>(1)</enum><text>in section 102(44) (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/21/802">21 U.S.C. 802(44)</external-xref>), by striking <quote>marihuana,</quote>;</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="id30559d2c7617448b8fa6fc352c2e9cbd"><enum>(2)</enum><text>in section 401(b) (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/21/841">21 U.S.C. 841(b)</external-xref>)—</text> <subparagraph id="id8139d4c5bc7d4b41a3681b7d9277401d"><enum>(A)</enum><text>in paragraph (1)—</text> <clause id="id174a300c0c2d495395298c7c5e67df2b"><enum>(i)</enum><text>in subparagraph (A)—</text> <subclause id="id07654793ffc94342986bcb29d1df23ec"><enum>(I)</enum><text>in clause (vi), by inserting <quote>or</quote> after the semicolon;</text> </subclause><subclause id="idfb2153f11f094d79a84a3f469c5f6ef4"><enum>(II)</enum><text>by striking (vii); and</text> </subclause><subclause id="id7ef733dd9f5340738375eb6ad06df14f"><enum>(III)</enum><text>by redesignating clause (viii) as clause (vii);</text> </subclause></clause><clause id="ida7d09b4cdf1e479b967305e1ab05fc82"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>in subparagraph (B)—</text> <subclause id="id2e9641666fbe4aecaed12d34517c8651"><enum>(I)</enum><text>by striking clause (vii); and</text> </subclause><subclause id="idffe1bdc165454790a269106629efc099"><enum>(II)</enum><text>by redesignating clause (viii) as clause (vii);</text> </subclause></clause><clause id="id9dd4356c11414d468b676d1e9b044210"><enum>(iii)</enum><text>in subparagraph (C), in the first sentence, by striking <quote>subparagraphs (A), (B), and (D)</quote> and inserting <quote>subparagraphs (A) and (B)</quote>;</text> </clause><clause id="id14c212067c1b47c6a615cd5a6f41e340"><enum>(iv)</enum><text>by striking subparagraph (D);</text> </clause><clause id="id141a98f5974b403ba8a838765b7b2030"><enum>(v)</enum><text>by redesignating subparagraph (E) as subparagraph (D); and</text> </clause><clause id="id333fccc4694141a58a4af0274cdd4411"><enum>(vi)</enum><text>in subparagraph (D)(i), as so redesignated, by striking <quote>subparagraphs (C) and (D)</quote> and inserting <quote>subparagraph (C)</quote>;</text> </clause></subparagraph><subparagraph id="idd93b3e44740046bca085c82818d5e502"><enum>(B)</enum><text>by striking paragraph (4); and</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="idde623c14a22940b8bc585b96f31fc394"><enum>(C)</enum><text>by redesignating paragraphs (5), (6), and (7) as paragraphs (4), (5), and (6), respectively;</text> </subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="id51a702386ae14a72bfd611c772d59e88"><enum>(3)</enum><text>in section 402(c)(2)(B) (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/21/842">21 U.S.C. 842(c)(2)(B)</external-xref>), by striking <quote>, marihuana,</quote>;</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="id6368e72eef2e4d588d22fc8ef6ed1b02"><enum>(4)</enum><text>in section 403(d)(1) (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/21/843">21 U.S.C. 843(d)(1)</external-xref>), by striking <quote>, marihuana,</quote>;</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="idd6e37b4271c94c89917f90b9cfbf75b2"><enum>(5)</enum><text>in section 418(a) (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/21/859">21 U.S.C. 859(a)</external-xref>), by striking the last sentence;</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="idb6a6c5baafd24018891a702ae98d366d"><enum>(6)</enum><text>in section 419(a) (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/21/860">21 U.S.C. 860(a)</external-xref>), by striking the last sentence;</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="idb44940a0ae09464ca8fdb04069199e99"><enum>(7)</enum><text>in section 422(d) (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/21/863">21 U.S.C. 863(d)</external-xref>)—</text> <subparagraph id="idc636769d150b4444bdadd4498aba3e96"><enum>(A)</enum><text>in the matter preceding paragraph (1), by striking <quote>marijuana,</quote>; and</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="id86db764b9de04613b5e634a83cbcc29a"><enum>(B)</enum><text>in paragraph (5), by striking <quote>, such as a marihuana cigarette,</quote>; and</text> </subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="idfd52e76eb1414a09a97d8c60714c7f11"><enum>(8)</enum><text>in section 516(d) (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/21/886">21 U.S.C. 886(d)</external-xref>), by striking <quote>section 401(b)(6)</quote> each place the term appears and inserting <quote>section 401(b)(5)</quote>.</text> </paragraph></subsection><subsection id="id6BD0DB776D0B42678B240C917D43BDF4"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Other conforming amendments</header> <paragraph id="iddad43af84ca1478e895f53e5062deb6e"><enum>(1)</enum><header>National Forest System Drug Control Act of 1986</header><text>The National Forest System Drug Control Act of 1986 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/16/559b">16 U.S.C. 559b</external-xref> et seq.) is amended—</text> <subparagraph id="idc804041d2ad64e76814fa91472093c29"><enum>(A)</enum><text>in section 15002(a) (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/16/559b">16 U.S.C. 559b(a)</external-xref>) by striking <quote>marijuana and other</quote>;</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="id08acaef5fca54d94be978801a0e00b27"><enum>(B)</enum><text>in section 15003(2) (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/16/559c">16 U.S.C. 559c(2)</external-xref>) by striking <quote>marijuana and other</quote>; and</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="id44a4d333211d4ba994b723728c333e50"><enum>(C)</enum><text>in section 15004(2) (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/16/559d">16 U.S.C. 559d(2)</external-xref>) by striking <quote>marijuana and other</quote>.</text> </subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="id6953fbdf8bbb4a7aa68e8dd9b9eaf5d3"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Interception of Communications</header><text>Section 2516 of title 18, United States Code, is amended—</text> <subparagraph id="idf7bde1250afb40abb534d65dfc710f21"><enum>(A)</enum><text>in subsection (1)(e), by striking <quote>marihuana,</quote>; and</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="idac54b9ecc8b0406b915b7dd6c9ac97e0"><enum>(B)</enum><text>in subsection (2) by striking <quote>marihuana,</quote>.</text> </subparagraph></paragraph></subsection></section><section id="idB3B2A4B33A264DFCBD5FC4BF6C08CE36"><enum>203.</enum><header>Ineligibility for certain funds</header> <subsection id="id642EC5721382442CBD02DAA7064A4D8B"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Definitions</header><text>In this section—</text> <paragraph id="idA154502B2C4047C99864CF76D6E96293"><enum>(1)</enum><text>the term <term>covered State</term> means a State that has not enacted a statute legalizing marijuana in the State;</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="idFB2DFDEDAE874C6F88CD00C5A8908C9A"><enum>(2)</enum><text>the term <term>disproportionate arrest rate</term> means—</text> <subparagraph id="idD9518210AFFC4A95808680C180A26721"><enum>(A)</enum><text>the percentage of minority individuals arrested for a marijuana related offense in a State is higher than the percentage of the non-minority individual population of the State, as determined by the most recent census data; or</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="id3C3625B40B1541639AC31E81B6C248B2"><enum>(B)</enum><text>the percentage of low-income individuals arrested for a marijuana offense in a State is higher than the percentage of the population of the State that are not low-income individuals, as determined by the most recent census data;</text> </subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="id64FDCAA1CD5045A2B7C140C693526995"><enum>(3)</enum><text>the term <term>disproportionate incarceration rate</term> means the percentage of minority individuals incarcerated for a marijuana related offense in a State is higher than the percentage of the non-minority individual population of the State, as determined by the most recent census data;</text> </paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="id1D4CB0ED0CA743D1B861FC7736549E00"><enum>(4)</enum><text>the term <term>low-income individual</term> means an individual whose taxable income (as defined in <external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/26/63">section 63</external-xref> of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986) is equal to or below the maximum dollar amount for the 15 percent rate bracket applicable to the individual under <external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/26/1">section 1</external-xref> of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986;</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="idD6C76957C6B74C3BB5B9E6A63DA51C40"><enum>(5)</enum><text>the term <term>marijuana</term> has the meaning given the term <term>marihuana</term> in section 102 of the Controlled Substances Act (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/21/802">21 U.S.C. 802</external-xref>); and</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="idFCC58D6C1C9441AC83258637168A6F91"><enum>(6)</enum><text>the term <term>minority individual</term> means an individual who is a member of a racial or ethnic minority group.</text> </paragraph></subsection><subsection id="idAFBDA36B0CF243CF9FC469E08CB7D156"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Ineligibility for certain funds</header> <paragraph id="idF3C54079AF1244AEB9CE7A9CF079785E"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In general</header><text>For any fiscal year beginning after the date of enactment of this Act in which the Attorney General, acting through the Director of the Bureau of Justice Assistance, determines that a covered State has a disproportionate arrest rate or a disproportionate incarceration rate for marijuana offenses, the covered State—</text> <subparagraph id="idF17847CBFA6C478A9569E216F21087B2"><enum>(A)</enum><text>shall not be eligible to receive any Federal funds for the construction or staffing of a prison or jail; and</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="id5947E3E4129348448A5A41BBBABD5EA9"><enum>(B)</enum><text>shall be subject to not more than a 10-percent reduction of the funds that would otherwise be allocated for that fiscal year to the covered State under subpart 1 of part E of title I of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/34/3750">34 U.S.C. 3750</external-xref> et seq.), whether characterized as the Edward Byrne Memorial State and Local Law Enforcement Assistance Programs, the Local Government Law Enforcement Block Grants Program, the Edward Byrne Memorial Justice Assistance Grant Program, or otherwise.</text> </subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="id269CEA91CEA144A78FC7D3B036FF0613"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Funds for certain programming</header><text>For purposes of paragraph (1)(A), Federal funds for the construction or staffing of a prison or jail shall not include Federal funds used by a prison or jail to carry out recidivism reduction programming or drug addiction treatment.</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="id05BA517E62B64C22BCC3BC3BAC058E20"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Reallocation</header><text>Any amounts not awarded to a covered State because of a determination under paragraph (1) shall be deposited in the Community Reinvestment Fund established under section 104.</text> </paragraph></subsection><subsection commented="no" id="idFCD6C1CD18A84D6EB718A92C16CDDC5F"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Expungement of marijuana offense convictions</header><text>Each Federal court shall issue an order expunging each conviction for a marijuana use or possession offense entered by the court before the date of enactment of this Act.</text> </subsection><subsection id="idec76e8d9c51942cc9764083fe9215485"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Sentencing review</header> <paragraph id="id4837b587239045499cabfdcc49f112ef"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In general</header><text>For any individual who was sentenced to a term of imprisonment for a Federal criminal offense involving marijuana before the date of enactment of this Act and is still serving such term of imprisonment, the court that imposed the sentence, shall, on motion of the individual, the Director of the Bureau of Prisons, the attorney for the Government, or the court, conduct a sentencing hearing.</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="id227d792a0c7e4677ba6a4fd558a6adbe"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Potential reduced resentencing</header><text>After a sentencing hearing under paragraph (1), a court may impose a sentence on the individual as if this title, and the amendments made by this title, were in effect at the time the offense was committed.</text> </paragraph></subsection><subsection commented="no" id="idCF9DE939DEF4477FB3F5BA58CC7A7DAD"><enum>(e)</enum><header>Right of action</header> <paragraph commented="no" id="id4488ECBD23CE4DC19AB2A668751DA6C0"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In general</header><text>An individual who is aggrieved by a disproportionate arrest rate or a disproportionate incarceration rate of a State may bring a civil action in an appropriate district court of the United States.</text> </paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="idC84FAD0EA4104AAAB52D2F699D815018"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Relief</header><text>In a civil action brought under this subsection in which the plaintiff prevails, the court shall—</text> <subparagraph commented="no" id="id4C68BC3451664B039080E212522BFBF1"><enum>(A)</enum><text>grant all necessary equitable and legal relief, including declaratory relief; and</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" id="idFED4394343F74A2C9816D78E43BCE590"><enum>(B)</enum><text>issue an order requiring the Attorney General, acting through the Director of the Bureau of Justice Assistance, to—</text> <clause commented="no" id="id5CE706BF3B6F4DFC90665934EA54B069"><enum>(i)</enum><text>declare the State to be ineligible to receive any Federal funds for the construction or staffing of a prison or jail in accordance with subsection (b)(1)(A); and</text> </clause><clause commented="no" id="id4A17BD421772450D8145085437F636DD"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>reduce grant funding of the State in accordance with subsection (b)(1)(B).</text> </clause></subparagraph></paragraph></subsection></section><section commented="no" id="id2C772F53AABC4E44858ACF3F979293C6"><enum>204.</enum><header>Community Reinvestment Fund</header> <subsection commented="no" id="id476FE5EC72E045E18A3CF4DB9A8A0C1B"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Establishment</header><text>There is established in the Treasury of the United States a fund, to be known as the <quote>Community Reinvestment Fund</quote> (referred to in this section as the <quote>Fund</quote>).</text> </subsection><subsection id="idEFEB8E7C09BD4B1A9F9B262D9F2A0D20"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Deposits</header><text>The Fund shall consist of—</text> <paragraph id="id59CC27AAA1C94E24937611379D457E91"><enum>(1)</enum><text>any amounts not awarded to a covered State because of a determination under section 203(b)(1); and</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="idCE8F1671D16E496488A0B093321BA343"><enum>(2)</enum><text>any amounts otherwise appropriated to the Fund.</text> </paragraph></subsection><subsection id="id452987A4052D41B0B61B4BC70F57F1E9"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Use of Fund amounts</header><text>Amounts in the Fund shall be available to the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development to establish a grant program to reinvest in communities most affected by the war on drugs, which shall include providing grants to impacted communities for programs such as—</text> <paragraph id="idDF8FC7C70A694904800AEAD1550B7B1C"><enum>(1)</enum><text>job training;</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="id5ABAC7ACB3D449DFAB30FAD6728ECC48"><enum>(2)</enum><text>reentry services;</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="id0C7E90FA17C3445C9DF5885B316542F7"><enum>(3)</enum><text>expenses related to the expungement of convictions;</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="idA02B17ECF0D14197A695B5FF9A78227A"><enum>(4)</enum><text>public libraries;</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="idB1B5704616774BCF92E916E5604EDE78"><enum>(5)</enum><text>community centers;</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="id345788AA834240CDB2B695FFCF2362FD"><enum>(6)</enum><text>programs and opportunities dedicated to youth;</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="id759E02E496B3412CBD51B5B9E764B5BB"><enum>(7)</enum><text>the special purpose fund discussed below; and</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="idA9BC196651114485B10ACEAAB09D00E3"><enum>(8)</enum><text>health education programs.</text> </paragraph></subsection><subsection id="id0BC67D8430C04DB2AFDA7D895A1A170B"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Availability of Fund amounts</header><text>Amounts in the Fund shall be available without fiscal year limitation.</text> </subsection><subsection commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="id8510FA97FE6F46BE9ACF9D45CBCAEFDC"><enum>(e)</enum><header>Authorization of appropriations</header><text>There are authorized to be appropriated to the Fund $500,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2019 through 2041.</text> </subsection></section><enum>III</enum><header>Smarter Sentencing Act </header> <section id="idFF2D14D312D547EB8701B11FE401A145" section-type="subsequent-section"><enum>301.</enum><header>Short title</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">This title may be cited as the <quote><short-title>Smarter Sentencing Act of 2019</short-title></quote>.</text> </section><section id="id5103AC733E0348C8A76E7E1962C44495"><enum>302.</enum><header>Sentencing modifications for certain drug offenses</header> <subsection id="idC9D3A38A3E514110AFA6B422ACB5EB4A"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Controlled Substances Act</header><text>The Controlled Substances Act (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/21/801">21 U.S.C. 801</external-xref> et seq.) is amended—</text> <paragraph id="id8E1EAE1A5D3742DAB50F35B807D6BF4F"><enum>(1)</enum><text>in section 102 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/21/802">21 U.S.C. 802</external-xref>)—</text> <subparagraph id="idAA7A9938C3D6453B86C043D35F69BC3F"><enum>(A)</enum><text>by redesignating paragraph (58) as paragraph (59);</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="id171D921DA9944B61BAAF3E6C037BB914"><enum>(B)</enum><text>by redesignating the second paragraph (57) (relating to the term <term>serious drug felony</term>) as paragraph (58); and</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="id5E9A2D6CC5264643A2B2B9C7BA189B05"><enum>(C)</enum><text>by adding at the end the following:</text> <quoted-block display-inline="no-display-inline" id="idE42A7998DD8342DEAA17B0DBF02875A9" style="OLC"> <paragraph id="id58807AFE425A4890B42FA0EC6D8070A4" indent="up1"><enum>(60)</enum><text>The term <term>courier</term> means a defendant whose role in the offense was limited to transporting or storing drugs or money.</text></paragraph><after-quoted-block>; and</after-quoted-block></quoted-block> </subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="id8F280043883A45729F638F2EE6F8B571"><enum>(2)</enum><text>in section 401(b)(1) (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/21/841">21 U.S.C. 841(b)(1)</external-xref>)—</text> <subparagraph id="id24264222C4FB4D55A000EDAFE87CD0F0"><enum>(A)</enum><text>in subparagraph (A), in the flush text following clause (viii)—</text> <clause id="idEA0B2CF2AC654B079C2DA50FFC5E425C"><enum>(i)</enum><text>by striking <quote>10 years or more</quote> and inserting <quote>5 years or more</quote>;</text> </clause><clause id="idCED316011A64455B8B32CA18FBB1F00B"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>by striking <quote>such person shall be sentenced to a term of imprisonment which may not be less than 15 years and</quote> and inserting <quote>such person shall be sentenced to a term of imprisonment of not less than 10 years and</quote>; and</text> </clause></subparagraph><subparagraph id="id921D6076E30842FBB2F8AB5E6A7466E6"><enum>(B)</enum><text>in subparagraph (B), in the flush text following clause (viii)—</text> <clause id="id8BAB5EC0E39D4E948A1412BDB6950765"><enum>(i)</enum><text>by striking <quote>5 years</quote> and inserting <quote>2 years</quote>; and</text> </clause><clause id="idAD3127BC66FC44CFA2F735CF9394BBA2"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>by striking <quote>not be less than 10 years</quote> and inserting <quote>not be less than 5 years</quote>.</text> </clause></subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="idF5A9100C2FF241A58E5444CF549758A2"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Controlled Substances Import and Export Act</header><text>Section 1010(b) of the Controlled Substances Import and Export Act (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/21/960">21 U.S.C. 960(b)</external-xref>) is amended—</text> <paragraph id="id3F24FB601D4B4750BD27287CF9997CE2"><enum>(1)</enum><text>in paragraph (1), in the flush text following subparagraph (H)—</text> <subparagraph id="id8490C5E8735D4AF488D47FA6777A0A94"><enum>(A)</enum><text>by inserting <quote>, other than a person who is a courier,</quote> after <quote>such violation</quote>;</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="idC11AB7ED840D4B1197FE602B2E15AE01"><enum>(B)</enum><text>by striking <quote>person commits</quote> and inserting <quote>person, other than a courier, commits</quote>; and</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="id2370CECA544C44FD9E0326C131929375"><enum>(C)</enum><text>by inserting <quote>If a person who is a courier commits such a violation, the person shall be sentenced to a term of imprisonment of not less than 5 years and not more than life. If a person who is a courier commits such a violation after a prior conviction for a felony drug offense has become final, the person shall be sentenced to a term of imprisonment of not less than 10 years and not more than life.</quote> before <quote>Notwithstanding section 3583</quote>; and</text> </subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="idFBA95874A497457CA23F0902C257C4CB"><enum>(2)</enum><text>in paragraph (2), in the flush text following subparagraph (H)—</text> <subparagraph id="id8AB68A5B53014B6A9B60D37B6B43631B"><enum>(A)</enum><text>by inserting <quote>, other than a person who is a courier,</quote> after <quote>such violation</quote>;</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="idB3CA12421D7745DBAB1D2921B038BC20"><enum>(B)</enum><text>by striking <quote>person commits</quote> and inserting <quote>person, other than a courier, commits</quote>; and</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="id8F83E566DBE4421D8A23AD5B0F9F86D6"><enum>(C)</enum><text>by inserting <quote>If a person who is a courier commits such a violation, the person shall be sentenced to a term of imprisonment of not less than 2 years and not more than life. If a person who is a courier commits such a violation after a prior conviction for a felony drug offense has become final, the person shall be sentenced to a term of imprisonment of not less than 5 years and not more than life.</quote> before <quote>Notwithstanding section 3583</quote>.</text> </subparagraph></paragraph></subsection></section><section id="id1531B40AD81E4BDF9205FE00BEB58B20"><enum>303.</enum><header>Directive to the Sentencing Commission</header> <subsection id="id213A12BBFA9142E69BAED162D9CF785D"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Directive to Sentencing Commission</header><text>Pursuant to its authority under section 994(p) of title 28, United States Code, and in accordance with this section, the United States Sentencing Commission shall review and amend, if appropriate, its guidelines and its policy statements applicable to persons convicted of an offense under section 401 of the Controlled Substances Act (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/21/841">21 U.S.C. 841</external-xref>) or section 1010 of the Controlled Substances Import and Export Act (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/21/960">21 U.S.C. 960</external-xref>) to ensure that the guidelines and policy statements are consistent with the amendments made by section 302 of this title and reflect the intent of Congress that such penalties be decreased in accordance with the amendments made by such section 302.</text> </subsection><subsection id="id9EC33C45437F428794B7B5E95E7C37F1"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Considerations</header><text>In carrying out this section, the United States Sentencing Commission shall consider—</text> <paragraph id="idDDE3493E9D4E476796304ECA515DD726"><enum>(1)</enum><text>the mandate of the United States Sentencing Commission, under section 994(g) of title 28, United States Code, to formulate the sentencing guidelines in such a way as to <quote>minimize the likelihood that the Federal prison population will exceed the capacity of the Federal prisons</quote>;</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="idEB6F98A2063B45D684EDA71D8F019B11"><enum>(2)</enum><text>the findings and conclusions of the United States Sentencing Commission in its October 2011 report to Congress entitled, Mandatory Minimum Penalties in the Federal Criminal Justice System;</text> </paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="id8E71BA46BEE8405FA33E3E04560A5C23"><enum>(3)</enum><text>the fiscal implications of any amendments or revisions to the sentencing guidelines or policy statements made by the United States Sentencing Commission;</text> </paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="id66CCC50786EB41B89D74C95363A57C39"><enum>(4)</enum><text>the relevant public safety concerns involved in the considerations before the United States Sentencing Commission;</text> </paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="idFA4CB6B4B467419BB32641BB57BDEB7D"><enum>(5)</enum><text>the intent of Congress that penalties for violent, repeat, and serious drug traffickers who present public safety risks remain appropriately severe; and</text> </paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="id84EB1F1514954233A7CA90E1BB4589B0"><enum>(6)</enum><text>the need to reduce and prevent racial disparities in Federal sentencing.</text> </paragraph></subsection><subsection id="id26B3D79485C54A9FAA9558DA62F9B0B4"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Emergency authority</header><text>The United States Sentencing Commission shall—</text> <paragraph id="id5BC70941DE854C469D89411DF1BE3B1A"><enum>(1)</enum><text>promulgate the guidelines, policy statements, or amendments provided for in this Act as soon as practicable, and in any event not later than 120 days after the date of enactment of this Act, in accordance with the procedure set forth in section 21(a) of the Sentencing Act of 1987 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/28/994">28 U.S.C. 994</external-xref> note), as though the authority under that Act had not expired; and</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="idDB1947BE4FE74C81B0D348CA56C6930C"><enum>(2)</enum><text>pursuant to the emergency authority provided under paragraph (1), make such conforming amendments to the Federal sentencing guidelines as the Commission determines necessary to achieve consistency with other guideline provisions and applicable law.</text> </paragraph></subsection></section><section id="id3CF9E5D6099141FF9E44A1E0B2A77720"><enum>304.</enum><header>Report by Attorney General</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">Not later than 6 months after the date of enactment of this Act, the Attorney General shall submit to the Committees on the Judiciary of the House of Representatives and the Senate a report outlining how the reduced expenditures on Federal corrections and the cost savings resulting from this Act will be used to help reduce overcrowding in the Federal Bureau of Prisons, help increase proper investment in law enforcement and crime prevention, and help reduce criminal recidivism, thereby increasing the effectiveness of Federal criminal justice spending.</text> </section><section id="id2D4AE0CEDF8F4D8785D39C931A851115"><enum>305.</enum><header>Report on Federal criminal offenses</header> <subsection id="idF336E3DD1DD84D46BE31917C6DCE1FD1"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Definitions</header><text>In this section—</text> <paragraph id="id256ADFE9E7B44B96A1F9519777F8FB84"><enum>(1)</enum><text>the term <term>criminal regulatory offense</term> means a Federal regulation that is enforceable by a criminal penalty; and</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="id9D41F4C0C6034AD6A0B3C26B9E69D18D"><enum>(2)</enum><text>the term <term>criminal statutory offense</term> means a criminal offense under a Federal statute.</text> </paragraph></subsection><subsection id="id676882C981104291B15158016F15ED76"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Report on criminal statutory offenses</header><text>Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act, the Attorney General shall submit to the Committee on the Judiciary of the Senate and the Committee on the Judiciary of the House of Representatives a report, which shall include—</text> <paragraph id="id4F1F467E20214F5CB7E557562D4D3A18"><enum>(1)</enum><text>a list of all criminal statutory offenses, including a list of the elements for each criminal statutory offense; and</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="id3C9291A92FF74D59A9F4C914ADFB9FC1"><enum>(2)</enum><text>for each criminal statutory offense listed under paragraph (1)—</text> <subparagraph id="id5D37F52879EE4159964E64190A062B62"><enum>(A)</enum><text>the potential criminal penalty for the criminal statutory offense;</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="id33FEC9F8AEF9457DBBB3B728DFDFF839"><enum>(B)</enum><text>the number of prosecutions for the criminal statutory offense brought by the Department of Justice each year for the 15-year period preceding the date of enactment of this Act; and</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="id751BDCECB0504F668A827F482E8A2CFA"><enum>(C)</enum><text>the mens rea requirement for the criminal statutory offense.</text> </subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="id095C5B2CDF1B4EE8B8ED46018459A63F"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Report on criminal regulatory offenses</header> <paragraph id="idB6A7C9A5D9CD47BB9FC5DC42914CD209"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Reports</header><text>Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act, the head of each Federal agency described in paragraph (2) shall submit to the Committee on the Judiciary of the Senate and the Committee on the Judiciary of the House of Representatives a report, which shall include—</text> <subparagraph id="id86225B8B57694F989CDD22C7301A0565"><enum>(A)</enum><text>a list of all criminal regulatory offenses enforceable by the agency; and</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="id93BB3F58A9AA432FABB7BC7377FA331B"><enum>(B)</enum><text>for each criminal regulatory offense listed under subparagraph (A)—</text> <clause id="id2EB440E1203D4EC896FDAD0C7DBCA7E6"><enum>(i)</enum><text>the potential criminal penalty for a violation of the criminal regulatory offense;</text> </clause><clause id="idA639452F38494F56881CB5F78B4558F4"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>the number of violations of the criminal regulatory offense referred to the Department of Justice for prosecution in each of the years during the 15-year period preceding the date of enactment of this Act; and</text> </clause><clause id="id42501CDBF9F342A790BBC5F0FF8D8878"><enum>(iii)</enum><text>the mens rea requirement for the criminal regulatory offense.</text> </clause></subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="idB8B802A06C894695886483F6BD85E8CE"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Agencies described</header><text>The Federal agencies described in this paragraph are the Department of Agriculture, the Department of Commerce, the Department of Education, the Department of Energy, the Department of Health and Human Services, the Department of Homeland Security, the Department of Housing and Urban Development, the Department of the Interior, the Department of Labor, the Department of Transportation, the Department of the Treasury, the Commodity Futures Trading Commission, the Consumer Product Safety Commission, the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, the Export-Import Bank of the United States, the Farm Credit Administration, the Federal Communications Commission, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, the Federal Election Commission, the Federal Labor Relations Authority, the Federal Maritime Commission, the Federal Mine Safety and Health Review Commission, the Federal Trade Commission, the National Labor Relations Board, the National Transportation Safety Board, the Nuclear Regulatory Commission, the Occupational Safety and Health Review Commission, the Office of Compliance, the Postal Regulatory Commission, the Securities and Exchange Commission, the Securities Investor Protection Corporation, the Environmental Protection Agency, the Small Business Administration, the Federal Housing Finance Agency, and the Office of Government Ethics.</text> </paragraph></subsection><subsection id="id107DC8EF9345442EA9F56B48C3B40F70"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Index</header><text>Not later than 2 years after the date of enactment of this Act—</text> <paragraph id="id7E84F891725146CA9D22E26CDF305A5A"><enum>(1)</enum><text>the Attorney General shall establish a publicly accessible index of each criminal statutory offense listed in the report required under subsection (b) and make the index available and freely accessible on the website of the Department of Justice; and</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="id5757CAD8B4604D07BCA0F437776DD8A2"><enum>(2)</enum><text>the head of each agency described in subsection (c)(2) shall establish a publicly accessible index of each criminal regulatory offense listed in the report required under subsection (c)(1) and make the index available and freely accessible on the website of the agency.</text> </paragraph></subsection><subsection commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="id51D67453542544218097F8CCF68343D6"><enum>(e)</enum><header>Rule of construction</header><text>Nothing in this section shall be construed to require or authorize appropriations.</text> </subsection></section><enum>IV</enum><header>Parole for Juveniles</header> <section id="idF85A463DB93C40828A6573A2C13ACCF7"><enum>401.</enum><header>Parole for juveniles</header> <subsection id="idB6BF6697A7A6431EA38CF9BD32D3AF3D"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In general</header><text><external-xref legal-doc="usc-chapter" parsable-cite="usc-chapter/18/403">Chapter 403</external-xref> of title 18, United States Code, is amended by inserting after <external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/18/5032">section 5032</external-xref> the following:</text> <quoted-block display-inline="no-display-inline" id="id23DAA475704F4998A45EC398518B9B34" style="USC"> <section id="id64F0445E9CFD4DBC9C2F9E84A15CFC7C"><enum>5032A.</enum><header>Modification of an imposed term of imprisonment for violations of law committed prior to age 18</header> <subsection id="id431A17D57E524CF4B7744A598C9B843E"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In general</header><text>Notwithstanding any other provision of law, a court may reduce a term of imprisonment imposed upon a defendant convicted as an adult for an offense committed and completed before the defendant attained 18 years of age if—</text> <paragraph id="id9FC400E2647945E2BF612FC8F230B9A9"><enum>(1)</enum><text>the defendant has served not less than 20 years in custody for the offense; and</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="id345F70BDF14A44D1B4D57D2857877F0E"><enum>(2)</enum><text>the court finds, after considering the factors set forth in subsection (c), that the defendant is not a danger to the safety of any person or the community and that the interests of justice warrant a sentence modification.</text> </paragraph></subsection><subsection id="idD96325E782A14517A4DFE5FBE7040970"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Supervised release</header><text>Any defendant whose sentence is reduced pursuant to subsection (a) shall be ordered to serve a period of supervised release of not less than 5 years following release from imprisonment. The conditions of supervised release and any modification or revocation of the term of supervise release shall be in accordance with section 3583.</text> </subsection><subsection id="id881C6F6112484DD4A599080F7364B7A5"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Factors and information To be considered in determining whether To modify a term of imprisonment</header><text>The court, in determining whether to reduce a term of imprisonment pursuant to subsection (a), shall consider—</text> <paragraph id="id283B83C131C2403AB644BAAA3EF1023D"><enum>(1)</enum><text>the factors described in section 3553(a), including the nature of the offense and the history and characteristics of the defendant;</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="id51DEA591067A423AA727E8A2DD463E44"><enum>(2)</enum><text>the age of the defendant at the time of the offense;</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="id14217471BC4E4EBD8BEC888E8F042E3D"><enum>(3)</enum><text>a report and recommendation of the Bureau of Prisons, including information on whether the defendant has substantially complied with the rules of each institution in which the defendant has been confined and whether the defendant has completed any educational, vocational, or other prison program, where available;</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="idDB22639C627C4A13829930378604A4EF"><enum>(4)</enum><text>a report and recommendation of the United States attorney for any district in which an offense for which the defendant is imprisoned was prosecuted;</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="idC05ED72DEFFE47D8A7C6D63015E99EAC"><enum>(5)</enum><text>whether the defendant has demonstrated maturity, rehabilitation, and a fitness to reenter society sufficient to justify a sentence reduction;</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="id4809A58A7F9F4F4ABB8ACD05200BB515"><enum>(6)</enum><text>any statement, which may be presented orally or otherwise, by any victim of an offense for which the defendant is imprisoned or by a family member of the victim if the victim is deceased;</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="idA75924BB4B234EB583C26A0E905BA369"><enum>(7)</enum><text>any report from a physical, mental, or psychiatric examination of the defendant conducted by a licensed health care professional;</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="id56A9547800DB4A878BF620CD5E67F8A3"><enum>(8)</enum><text>the family and community circumstances of the defendant at the time of the offense, including any history of abuse, trauma, or involvement in the child welfare system;</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="id4FE1C2DDECF44D308025EC01ECFD79B7"><enum>(9)</enum><text>the extent of the role of the defendant in the offense and whether, and to what extent, an adult was involved in the offense;</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="id3048F2F92C4B42549180322BDCDBFE7F"><enum>(10)</enum><text>the diminished culpability of juveniles as compared to that of adults, and the hallmark features of youth, including immaturity, impetuosity, and failure to appreciate risks and consequences, which counsel against sentencing juveniles to the otherwise applicable term of imprisonment; and</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="id96461D19BE3C4DA08736C24C7424AA2C"><enum>(11)</enum><text>any other information the court determines relevant to the decision of the court.</text> </paragraph></subsection><subsection id="id5F8F48DA21DF41B4AD895AAAEC6A9A7D"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Limitation on applications pursuant to this section</header> <paragraph id="idED2387B7E0074B978AE5517611B7A8F1"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Second application</header><text>Not earlier than 5 years after the date on which an order entered by a court on an initial application under this section becomes final, a court shall entertain a second application by the same defendant under this section.</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="id0A6BC674051E44FCA60C6E18DDD1948C"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Final application</header><text>Not earlier than 5 years after the date on which an order entered by a court on a second application under paragraph (1) becomes final, a court shall entertain a final application by the same defendant under this section.</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="id5628646B17F14FA4AEEE04E2B5C72404"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Prohibition</header><text>A court may not entertain an application filed after an application filed under paragraph (2) by the same defendant.</text> </paragraph></subsection><subsection id="idD723052C571D467CAFB1D8696E08444C"><enum>(e)</enum><header>Procedures</header> <paragraph id="id9FA2C156C5DB4959B02FEF179D5EAEAD"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Notice</header><text>The Bureau of Prisons shall provide written notice of this section to—</text> <subparagraph id="id2E0AC666C395491487C0ABDED2AE62D0"><enum>(A)</enum><text>any defendant who has served not less than 19 years in prison for an offense committed and completed before the defendant attained 18 years of age for which the defendant was convicted as an adult; and</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="id7AFBBB4A8BE2448CBE2FA7C6FB10B10D"><enum>(B)</enum><text>the sentencing court, the United States attorney, and the Federal Public Defender or Executive Director of the Community Defender Organization for the judicial district in which the sentence described in subparagraph (A) was imposed.</text> </subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="id88211DC89FE54B5084E20428E083F819"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Crime victims rights</header><text>Upon receiving notice under paragraph (1), the United States attorney shall provide any notifications required under section 3771.</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="id778E97C50B9F46FB8D5955316BE16A61"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Application</header> <subparagraph id="id7A3A0DD6FF70474BB803488A30D7CF0D"><enum>(A)</enum><header>In general</header><text>An application for a sentence reduction under this section shall be filed as a motion to reduce the sentence of the defendant and may include affidavits or other written material.</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="id06A2567C047443B1A44411F4298E75D0"><enum>(B)</enum><header>Requirement</header><text>A motion to reduce a sentence under this section shall be filed with the sentencing court and a copy shall be served on the United States attorney for the judicial district in which the sentence was imposed.</text> </subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="id6CBF821A9968406C84222824B5DD23C6"><enum>(4)</enum><header>Expanding the record; hearing</header> <subparagraph id="id2FF9813BDCE84A109A24D8B255CCDC12"><enum>(A)</enum><header>Expanding the record</header><text>After the filing of a motion to reduce a sentence under this section, the court may direct the parties to expand the record by submitting additional written materials relating to the motion.</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="idDF85181603EE495BA06212005C4D699F"><enum>(B)</enum><header>Hearing</header> <clause id="idAEBC5CCBFC44436DB112493E11B94FEA"><enum>(i)</enum><header>In general</header><text>The court shall conduct a hearing on the motion, at which the defendant and counsel for the defendant shall be given the opportunity to be heard.</text> </clause><clause id="id247605EC765F4799A21DD71F5AC405D5"><enum>(ii)</enum><header>Evidence</header><text>In a hearing under this section, the court may allow parties to present evidence.</text> </clause><clause id="idC55045744BEA4C2889ED421C4130E47B"><enum>(iii)</enum><header>Defendant’s presence</header><text>At a hearing under this section, the defendant shall be present unless the defendant waives the right to be present. The requirement under this clause may be satisfied by the defendant appearing by video teleconference.</text> </clause><clause id="id0AA156BAFCAA4CB0A39770D82857C6A5"><enum>(iv)</enum><header>Counsel</header><text>A defendant who is unable to obtain counsel is entitled to have counsel appointed to represent the defendant for proceedings under this section, including any appeal, unless the defendant waives the right to counsel.</text> </clause><clause id="idA092127E28CE4F64BE9E717121C8A56F"><enum>(v)</enum><header>Findings</header><text>The court shall state in open court, and file in writing, the reasons for granting or denying a motion under this section.</text> </clause></subparagraph><subparagraph id="id1826B347A3704642A25DCD75801EA463"><enum>(C)</enum><header>Appeal</header><text>The Government or the defendant may file a notice of appeal in the district court for review of a final order under this section. The time limit for filing such appeal shall be governed by rule 4(a) of the Federal Rules of Appellate Procedure.</text> </subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="id3E7873951FCC4333B83C6542565CA884"><enum>(f)</enum><header>Educational and rehabilitative programs</header><text>A defendant who is convicted and sentenced as an adult for an offense committed and completed before the defendant attained 18 years of age may not be deprived of any educational, training, or rehabilitative program that is otherwise available to the general prison population.</text></subsection></section><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block> </subsection><subsection id="id65261D7E8DA04794862D2F7E44540F98"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Table of sections</header><text>The table of sections for <external-xref legal-doc="usc-chapter" parsable-cite="usc-chapter/18/403">chapter 403</external-xref> of title 18, United States Code, is amended by inserting after the item relating to <external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/18/5032">section 5032</external-xref> the following:</text> <quoted-block id="idE6504CFF799B489C8102C5E9D78409F1" style="OLC"><toc><toc-entry level="section">5032A. Modification of an imposed term of imprisonment for violations of law committed prior to age 18.</toc-entry></toc><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block> </subsection><subsection commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="idAF15138F78994558856FA37E76F2E1D1"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Applicability</header><text>The amendments made by this section shall apply to any conviction entered before, on, or after the date of enactment of this Act.</text> </subsection></section><enum>V</enum><header>Reverse Mass Incarceration</header> <section id="id84BF2EEC9E964A0AAE7216DA205E269F"><enum>501.</enum><header>Short title</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">This title may be cited as the <quote><short-title>Reverse Mass Incarceration Act of 2019</short-title></quote>.</text> </section><section id="id9811E7FE6937466A9AA04D7935634081"><enum>502.</enum><header>Grant program</header> <subsection id="idCD7817C738B54DC1B87078FF6C21D540"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Title I of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Street Act of 1968 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/34/10101">34 U.S.C. 10101</external-xref> et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the following:</text> <quoted-block display-inline="no-display-inline" id="idFB6AEA1740B14F8499FD919559039D14" style="OLC"> <part id="id7106BD75C7084992997DCD6BBB10DE66" style="OLC"><enum>OO<?LEXA-Enum OO?></enum><header>State Prison Population Reduction Grant Program</header> <section id="idCCD96A5562B245EBAA7BBBF5FBACDA73"><enum>3051.</enum><header>Grant program</header> <subsection id="idAE0C982421564300AA7BE68C64653363"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In general</header><text>The Attorney General may make grants to States to assist States in reducing crime rates and incarcerations.</text> </subsection><subsection id="idEB48660A555247E285566F96011019D7"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Eligibility</header><text>A State shall be eligible to receive a grant under this section if the State demonstrates that, during the 3-year period preceding the application for a grant under this section—</text> <paragraph id="id7E023D5AA1AC405A8C747A082558FB2E"><enum>(1)</enum><text>the total number of individuals incarcerated in correctional or detention facilities in the State was reduced by not less than 7 percent; and</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="idB3BEED58B65B40F2BE7895605ED59D5C"><enum>(2)</enum><text>the rate of crime within the State did not increase by more than 3 percent.</text> </paragraph></subsection><subsection id="id6E82A6036B7E4F158584E332450EA99D"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Application</header><text>An eligible State seeking a grant under this section shall submit to the Attorney General an application in such form and manner and at such time as the Attorney General requires, which shall include a clear methodology based on population size and other factors.</text> </subsection><subsection id="id7D821F28D0084FFD9A82A57B01199A73"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Use of grant funds</header><text>A grant awarded under this section shall be used by a State to implement evidence-based programs designed to reduce crime rates and incarcerations.</text></subsection></section></part><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block> </subsection><subsection id="id1495D2B04CA24A5581323CEB6C435244"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Authorization of appropriations</header><text>Section 1001(a) of title I of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/34/10261">34 U.S.C. 10261(a)</external-xref>) is amended by adding at the end the following:</text> <quoted-block display-inline="no-display-inline" id="idFB3D84BA6292478C839533ED65428D5B" style="OLC"> <paragraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="id8ED83B2BCD2D48769B92F89C3BDF820B" indent="up1"><enum>(29)</enum><text>There are authorized to be appropriated to carry out part OO $2,000,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2020 through 2029.</text></paragraph><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block> </subsection></section>B
Prison Reform
<enum>VI<?LEXA-Enum VI?></enum><header>Dignity Act</header> <section id="idFB6285A525EF441F9E269FE57BC70E17" section-type="subsequent-section"><enum>601.</enum><header>Short title</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">This title may be cited as the <quote><short-title>Dignity for Incarcerated Women Act of 2019</short-title></quote> or the <quote><short-title>Dignity Act</short-title></quote>.</text> </section><section id="id059CC81EC2BF4EAAB8C36B0553185B69" section-type="subsequent-section"><enum>602.</enum><header>Treatment of primary caretaker parents and other individuals in Federal prisons</header> <subsection id="idBE2D9F381EFF47F1B8351F2BD2B8D3FA"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In general</header><text><external-xref legal-doc="usc-chapter" parsable-cite="usc-chapter/18/303">Chapter 303</external-xref> of title 18, United States Code, is amended by adding at the end the following:</text> <quoted-block display-inline="no-display-inline" id="id4E8BD6D059DF40B1A63A7DF2DC0B6AFA" style="USC"> <section id="idA82E4FA4E84540D3A2163098DDAE4AA2"><enum>4051.</enum><header>Treatment of primary caretaker parents and other individuals</header> <subsection id="idB82E0AE5A3F44269A3A3C968C019EE46"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Definitions</header><text>In this section—</text> <paragraph id="idBB362B9A4F954A95858FC4B2C81799B0"><enum>(1)</enum><text>the term <term>correctional officer</term> means a correctional officer of the Bureau of Prisons;</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="id5F5827CD745E47A2BE6AD2FC2866615B"><enum>(2)</enum><text>the term <term>Director</term> means the Director of the Bureau of Prisons;</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="idC50DFC3D278643379C3252B5FAD39652"><enum>(3)</enum><text>the term <term>primary caretaker parent</term> has the meaning given the term in section 31903 of the Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/34/12242">34 U.S.C. 12242</external-xref>); and</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="id90BE6AE3F7614482B5692A9C2CECC643"><enum>(4)</enum><text>the term <term>prisoner</term> means an individual who is incarcerated in a Federal penal or correctional institution.</text> </paragraph></subsection><subsection id="id1F415ACC68034AF9944A07D177D6C2ED"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Visitation rules</header><text>The Director shall promulgate regulations for visitation between prisoners who are primary caretaker parents and their family members under which—</text> <paragraph id="id1F5B3272B878465C8C6BC18691C66659"><enum>(1)</enum><text>a prisoner may receive visits not fewer than 6 days per week, which shall include Saturday and Sunday;</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="id461036BAD97644BDBCFD25EC4E5A0BAF"><enum>(2)</enum><text>a Federal penal or correctional institution shall be open for visitation for not fewer than 8 hours per day;</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="id5CC673C5F1F84F279F613FEEEB971D3F"><enum>(3)</enum><text>a prisoner may have up to 5 adult visitors and an unlimited number of child visitors per visit; and</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="idE62ADAE68EE94289AD6F28DA785712AA"><enum>(4)</enum><text>a prisoner may have physical contact with visitors unless the prisoner presents an immediate physical danger to the visitors.</text> </paragraph></subsection><subsection id="id617D03DE6F2145CDA7E3E22FF08DA4CE"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Parenting classes</header><text>The Director shall provide parenting classes to each prisoner who is a primary caretaker parent.</text> </subsection><subsection id="idA8BDEA2826944102B3173487B1B2535F"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Trauma-informed care</header> <paragraph id="id836D827019D74AFAB68CD887BD8B1675"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In general</header><text>The Director shall provide trauma-informed care to each prisoner who is diagnosed with trauma.</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="id64F52D11BDD44B78A3A1542946EC8EC4"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Identification and referral</header><text>The Director shall provide training to each correctional officer and each other employee of the Bureau of Prisons who regularly interacts with prisoners, including health care professionals and instructors, to enable the employees to identify prisoners with trauma and refer those prisoners to the proper health­care professional for treatment.</text> </paragraph></subsection><subsection id="id379B6D01DAD64DF08D0DEB79635210E1"><enum>(e)</enum><header>Ombudsman</header><text>The Attorney General shall designate an ombudsman to oversee and monitor, with respect to Federal penal and correctional institutions—</text> <paragraph id="id285269B1B344457C9EB617EC4F4FC93E"><enum>(1)</enum><text>prisoner transportation;</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="id581AE9AFE1544B19A7EFBA0F375D4452"><enum>(2)</enum><text>use of segregated housing;</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="id8DC87042B207465389F3A53E89D113F1"><enum>(3)</enum><text>strip searches of prisoners; and</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="id834DB860CEA1459E90ED122B48CA4D44"><enum>(4)</enum><text>civil rights violations.</text> </paragraph></subsection><subsection id="idB2440EBBB0B34D559AB982F6F864FCC0"><enum>(f)</enum><header>Telecommunications</header> <paragraph id="idADA73AFB5CA34E158DB8F07CBF88ADD7"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In general</header><text>The Director—</text> <subparagraph id="idC8FB1AE057ED40B38261CB8FF1E8B2E8"><enum>(A)</enum><text>may not charge a fee for a telephone call made by a prisoner; and</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="id2DCBF0B61FEF4153A1F8B858858DD823"><enum>(B)</enum><text>shall make videoconferencing available to prisoners in each Federal penal or correctional institution free of charge.</text> </subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="id7B6455597DE5489086C98CAB4A8724DA"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Rule of construction</header><text>Nothing in paragraph (1)(B) shall be construed to authorize the Director to use videoconferencing as a substitute for in-person visits.</text> </paragraph></subsection><subsection id="idF17F2A0E60C14D20846C4FEBB888153D"><enum>(g)</enum><header>Inmate health</header> <paragraph id="idF4B36FC318CC4E99AE56ED18BAC747F3"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Healthcare products</header> <subparagraph id="id65F37BD00963468F80D0540BB706FCFC"><enum>(A)</enum><header>Availability</header><text>The Director shall make the healthcare products described in subparagraph (C) available to prisoners for free, in a quantity that is appropriate to the healthcare needs of each prisoner.</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="id8CDDE2819A67478AB86E1405954A7E31"><enum>(B)</enum><header>Quality of products</header><text>The Director shall ensure that the healthcare products provided under this paragraph conform with applicable industry standards.</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="idA072928A99494A309422F839C6915772"><enum>(C)</enum><header>Products</header><text>The healthcare products described in this subparagraph are—</text> <clause id="idBDA3EBB9BD664F75BB9439984C78A516"><enum>(i)</enum><text>tampons;</text> </clause><clause id="id9C5A7A31D6A140C1AAE769F7F3E22327"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>sanitary napkins;</text> </clause><clause id="id1F5D49FED8504AE5976D4AFD50AA6E5A"><enum>(iii)</enum><text>moisturizing soap, which may not be lye-based;</text> </clause><clause id="id4EF7705B024F45BF91BF22C9DE5FD0F5"><enum>(iv)</enum><text>shampoo;</text> </clause><clause id="id60F78A1E4BE94A2EA8D3970972701F28"><enum>(v)</enum><text>body lotion;</text> </clause><clause id="id2C9DB8AED6D94F1594A40DF7195142D8"><enum>(vi)</enum><text>Vaseline;</text> </clause><clause id="idC731C6F70D2F4AE0B39D1DF9362C307D"><enum>(vii)</enum><text>toothpaste;</text> </clause><clause id="idDB69E2DCC9A547FC8B1E62C31275A870"><enum>(viii)</enum><text>toothbrushes;</text> </clause><clause id="id47A5B8CDF8534FCFAACA6479B3542622"><enum>(ix)</enum><text>aspirin;</text> </clause><clause id="id880C7A3E86DF4166A60CA13401D84015"><enum>(x)</enum><text>ibuprofen; and</text> </clause><clause id="id9903F0472A2D4D7CBC2D9BD004D0D1C9"><enum>(xi)</enum><text>any other healthcare product that the Director determines appropriate.</text> </clause></subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="id032E9E717F104979962EF5C76FD49D33"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Gynecologist access</header><text>The Director shall ensure that female prisoners have access to a gynecologist.</text> </paragraph></subsection><subsection id="id9A3DB638C81041B78DE196194EDD68CC"><enum>(h)</enum><header>Use of sex-Appropriate correctional officers</header> <paragraph id="id82DF8E830F954E3FBBFAD5DF822A6BC4"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Regulations</header><text>The Director shall promulgate regulations under which—</text> <subparagraph id="id4626E075D4984C469490AD0E5AF3DB03"><enum>(A)</enum><text>a correctional officer may not conduct a strip search of a prisoner of the opposite sex unless—</text> <clause id="id2BC1B47A6BE94DF8BABC1DDBC028157A"><enum>(i)</enum><text>the prisoner presents a risk of immediate harm to herself or himself or others; and</text> </clause><clause id="id9563309F90C34F538F2A9614D458B30B"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>no other correctional officer of the same sex as the prisoner is available to assist; and</text> </clause></subparagraph><subparagraph id="id76AB8133C23141A797CB7C218F25BE52"><enum>(B)</enum><text>a correctional officer may not enter a restroom reserved for prisoners of the opposite sex unless—</text> <clause id="id11D4C662E2F74F559DB1D4B9816AB509"><enum>(i)</enum><subclause commented="no" display-inline="yes-display-inline" id="id09F86D89BF2F4CB8A4E2CF24E7407F7B"><enum>(I)</enum><text>a prisoner in the restroom presents a risk of immediate harm to herself or himself or others; or</text> </subclause><subclause id="id4AB04424FCD54F02A06E8F009C7D9426" indent="up1"><enum>(II)</enum><text>there is a medical emergency in the restroom; and</text> </subclause></clause><clause id="idA6C862E05EAA4AAC9DD1951B7C4D8A40"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>no other correctional officer of the appropriate sex is available to assist.</text> </clause></subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="id86D98AD8DE88470ABCCE50C07C5063E9"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Relation to other laws</header><text>Nothing in paragraph (1) shall be construed to affect the requirements under the Prison Rape Elimination Act of 2003 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/34/30301">34 U.S.C. 30301</external-xref> et seq.).</text></paragraph></subsection></section><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block> </subsection><subsection id="idC81D382C530841D9957FF23F5D5D7417"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Substance abuse treatment</header><text>Section 3621(e) of title 18, United States Code, is amended by adding at the end the following:</text> <quoted-block display-inline="no-display-inline" id="id238F0350E3E34A7881708DE8EBC1FA22" style="OLC"> <paragraph id="idE4A869DCE54F41C3A001DEAFD81158D7"><enum>(7)</enum><header>Eligibility of primary caretaker parents and pregnant women</header><text>The Bureau of Prisons may not prohibit a prisoner who is a primary caretaker parent (as defined in section 4051) or pregnant from participating in a program of residential substance abuse treatment provided under paragraph (1) based on the failure of the individual, before being committed to the custody of the Bureau, to disclose to any official that the individual had a substance abuse problem.</text></paragraph><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block> </subsection><subsection id="idFB167CDFEFCB4904A47ECA897016FFC6"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Technical and conforming amendments</header> <paragraph id="idA326ECF574B6408B849EB69B1A29B468"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Table of sections</header><text>The table of sections for <external-xref legal-doc="usc-chapter" parsable-cite="usc-chapter/18/303">chapter 303</external-xref> of title 18, United States Code, is amended by adding at the end the following:</text> <quoted-block display-inline="no-display-inline" id="id71B70A8936704D64B6657803CF050C1D" style="OLC"><toc><toc-entry bold="off" level="section">4051. Treatment of primary caretaker parents and other individuals.</toc-entry></toc><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block> </paragraph><paragraph id="id87308953B4144EB99D75E0D974D3674E"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Healthcare products</header><text>Section 611 of the First Step Act of 2018 (<external-xref legal-doc="public-law" parsable-cite="pl/115/391">Public Law 115–391</external-xref>; 132 Stat. 5194) is repealed.</text> </paragraph></subsection></section><section id="id8A28D1314791447098575B57713A8809"><enum>603.</enum><header>Overnight visit pilot program</header> <subsection id="id96345434ED284F5D98E9A741737D5449"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Definitions</header><text>In this section—</text> <paragraph id="id17FA9854DFAB409CAE777FB6DF6E1D80"><enum>(1)</enum><text>the term <term>Director</term> means the Director of the Bureau of Prisons;</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="id25BD25BA46D744CCB634AD8B9D678EFD"><enum>(2)</enum><text>the term <term>primary caretaker parent</term> has the meaning given the term in section 31903 of the Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/34/12242">34 U.S.C. 12242</external-xref>); and</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="id29CD4C2717414343867714D2A3B3D993"><enum>(3)</enum><text>the term <term>prisoner</term> means an individual who is incarcerated in a Federal penal or correctional institution.</text> </paragraph></subsection><subsection id="idFBA1444B62294FAA936786F156FE7EC9"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Pilot program</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The Director shall carry out a pilot program under which prisoners who are primary caretaker parents and meet eligibility criteria established by the Director may receive overnight visits from family members.</text> </subsection><subsection id="idB6F1E3FEC85B460AAABD17580E48571C"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Eligibility criteria</header><text>In establishing eligibility criteria for the pilot program under subsection (b), the Director shall—</text> <paragraph id="idD59BD3537B064598BD3E82BC55AD9E56"><enum>(1)</enum><text>require that a prisoner have displayed good behavior; and</text> </paragraph><paragraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="idEE57E4CA1C024CCD9C85B272921790CD"><enum>(2)</enum><text>prohibit participation by any prisoner who has been convicted of a crime of violence (as defined in section 16 of title 18, United States Code).</text> </paragraph></subsection></section>C
Re-Entry Reform: Reducing the Collateral Consequences of Conviction
<enum>VII<?LEXA-Enum VII?></enum><header>Fair Chance Act</header> <section id="id2BC0975E69D54F9985446720D45BA61A" section-type="subsequent-section"><enum>701.</enum><header>Short title</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">This title may be cited as the <quote><short-title>Fair Chance to Compete for Jobs Act of 2019</short-title></quote> or the <quote><short-title>Fair Chance Act</short-title></quote>.</text> </section><section id="id0900b0a1-76e7-448a-87ef-2f2a4fbca796" section-type="subsequent-section"><enum>702.</enum><header>Prohibition on criminal history inquiries prior to conditional offer for Federal employment</header> <subsection id="id1d54ac53-5842-41e8-baba-fdeffc0101a0"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Subpart H of part III of title 5, United States Code, is amended by adding at the end the following:</text> <quoted-block display-inline="no-display-inline" id="id8540110c-82d3-4414-a216-3c04562152e6" style="USC"> <chapter id="id59b10d3d-9fa7-4d42-8611-70e0eaf6fa41" style="USC"><enum>92</enum><header>Prohibition on Criminal History Inquiries Prior to Conditional Offer</header><toc><toc-entry level="section">Sec. </toc-entry><toc-entry level="section">9201. Definitions.</toc-entry><toc-entry level="section">9202. Limitations on requests for criminal history record information.</toc-entry><toc-entry level="section">9203. Agency policies; whistleblower complaint procedures.</toc-entry><toc-entry level="section">9204. Adverse action.</toc-entry><toc-entry level="section">9205. Procedures.</toc-entry><toc-entry level="section">9206. Rules of construction.</toc-entry></toc> <section id="idaa00b283-d988-468e-99a8-9f891989f582"><enum>9201.</enum><header>Definitions</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">In this chapter—</text> <paragraph id="id891e85eb-2cba-454a-a760-9896b45bd674"><enum>(1)</enum><text>the term <term>agency</term> means <quote>Executive agency</quote> as such term is defined in section 105 and includes—</text> <subparagraph id="id3a5577e9-eb21-4b08-9a62-c1229235017d"><enum>(A)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">the United States Postal Service and the Postal Regulatory Commission; and</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="id6b7be505-464e-48bc-87f2-9cd2a5739ecc"><enum>(B)</enum><text>the Executive Office of the President;</text> </subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="iddec3eeeb-6d61-4630-9169-fe894271c78f"><enum>(2)</enum><text>the term <term>appointing authority</term> means an employee in the executive branch of the Government of the United States that has authority to make appointments to positions in the civil service;</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="id5fcf7577-7049-400d-ba51-08824729b5b5"><enum>(3)</enum><text>the term <term>conditional offer</term> means an offer of employment in a position in the civil service that is conditioned upon the results of a criminal history inquiry;</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="id2ce656df-e516-46ee-9a60-79f3eb2585c8"><enum>(4)</enum><text>the term <term>criminal history record information</term>—</text> <subparagraph id="id5919adda-cee7-4ccd-86cf-cb16cf83a9c1"><enum>(A)</enum><text>except as provided in subparagraphs (B) and (C), has the meaning given the term in section 9101(a);</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="idc4e22632-1056-4ddd-b1b3-4b8b1c5d3349"><enum>(B)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">includes any information described in the first sentence of section 9101(a)(2) that has been sealed or expunged pursuant to law; and</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="id6321fefc-11e5-4ea5-b1eb-5085e3599959"><enum>(C)</enum><text>includes information collected by a criminal justice agency, relating to an act or alleged act of juvenile delinquency, that is analogous to criminal history record information (including such information that has been sealed or expunged pursuant to law); and</text> </subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="id94fb3d62-b2af-4628-81ad-e7a986dcd342"><enum>(5)</enum><text>the term <term>suspension</term> has the meaning given the term in section 7501.</text> </paragraph></section><section id="idccb8b708-f2f9-4da4-89b5-36203b05de8e"><enum>9202.</enum><header>Limitations on requests for criminal history record information</header> <subsection id="idaea74793-418a-4429-9318-48a01098236d"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Inquiries prior to conditional offer</header><text>Except as provided in subsections (b) and (c), an employee of an agency may not request, in oral or written form (including through the Declaration for Federal Employment (Office of Personnel Management Optional Form 306) or any similar successor form, the USAJOBS internet website, or any other electronic means) that an applicant for an appointment to a position in the civil service disclose criminal history record information regarding the applicant before the appointing authority extends a conditional offer to the applicant.</text> </subsection><subsection commented="no" id="id083d40ec-6ae7-4a33-a77d-b3cb18ea5d40"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Otherwise required by law</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The prohibition under subsection (a) shall not apply with respect to an applicant for a position in the civil service if consideration of criminal history record information prior to a conditional offer with respect to the position is otherwise required by law.</text> </subsection><subsection id="id254ab9b1-70a9-49f0-9409-62e0e71dca9a"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Exception for certain positions</header> <paragraph id="id0BF46600133D483DA91ED7212793F492"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In general</header><text>The prohibition under subsection (a) shall not apply with respect to an applicant for an appointment to a position—</text> <subparagraph id="id1d544a8b-fc88-41cc-9740-5a6ad75b9064"><enum>(A)</enum><text>that requires a determination of eligibility described in clause (i), (ii), or (iii) of section 9101(b)(1)(A);</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" id="id2700b51e-3b67-4ef3-ac05-c6e07b346e3e"><enum>(B)</enum><text>as a Federal law enforcement officer (as defined in section 115(c) of title 18); or</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" id="idC9C710AFCA004AB6B1E539E0A4BF755E"><enum>(C)</enum><text>identified by the Director of the Office of Personnel Management in the regulations issued under paragraph (2).</text> </subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="id6B65BC6D79EC4AE5A091F2FC5AD8E43E"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Regulations</header> <subparagraph commented="no" id="id6A43CF094F1D4F2BBBA7B74B12597879"><enum>(A)</enum><header>Issuance</header><text>The Director of the Office of Personnel Management shall issue regulations identifying additional positions with respect to which the prohibition under subsection (a) shall not apply, giving due consideration to positions that involve interaction with minors, access to sensitive information, or managing financial transactions.</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" id="idED6A4FD5BA7E4F80AC54181655F447EB"><enum>(B)</enum><header>Compliance with civil rights laws</header><text>The regulations issued under subparagraph (A) shall—</text> <clause commented="no" id="idABA6A6DC5C7B43D7A612C2597BD01082"><enum>(i)</enum><text>be consistent with, and in no way supersede, restrict, or limit the application of title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/42/2000e">42 U.S.C. 2000e</external-xref> et seq.) or other relevant Federal civil rights laws; and</text> </clause><clause commented="no" id="id6167D87601D8469BB4C3F5749A4064E2"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>ensure that all hiring activities conducted pursuant to the regulations are conducted in a manner consistent with relevant Federal civil rights laws.</text> </clause></subparagraph></paragraph></subsection></section><section id="ida758ea9c-e7cf-438d-9223-68d8818fb008"><enum>9203.</enum><header>Agency policies; whistleblower complaint procedures</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">The Director of the Office of Personnel Management shall—</text> <paragraph id="idea9a1411-bb46-4a0b-bde4-f3aefc6aa530"><enum>(1)</enum><text>develop, implement, and publish a policy to assist employees of agencies in complying with section 9202 and the regulations issued pursuant to such section; and</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="idb75b0def-1c5f-4d79-a198-d88d1bddf3ef"><enum>(2)</enum><text>establish and publish procedures under which an applicant for an appointment to a position in the civil service may submit a complaint, or any other information, relating to compliance by an employee of an agency with section 9202.</text> </paragraph></section><section commented="no" id="iddf3f3de6-47c4-434e-ae60-26c170d29f6d"><enum>9204.</enum><header>Adverse action</header> <subsection id="ide4889df4-a72c-4254-b4c8-c884fc0dade6"><enum>(a)</enum><header>First violation</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">If the Director of the Office of Personnel Management determines, after notice and an opportunity for a hearing on the record, that an employee of an agency has violated section 9202, the Director shall—</text> <paragraph id="id686b4d64-5838-4a00-a010-60360a134301"><enum>(1)</enum><text>issue to the employee a written warning that includes a description of the violation and the additional penalties that may apply for subsequent violations; and</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="idbd1ae201-1d7e-4311-8359-196f5f4ba9ac"><enum>(2)</enum><text>file such warning in the employee’s official personnel record file.</text> </paragraph></subsection><subsection id="id3816ae35-829c-478f-8147-350ab3f1d201"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Subsequent violations</header><text>If the Director of the Office of Personnel Management determines, after notice and an opportunity for a hearing on the record, that an employee that was subject to subsection (a) has committed a subsequent violation of section 9202, the Director may take the following action:</text> <paragraph commented="no" id="id1a6eeaf5-05cc-43a8-adbd-eac4b9a1e915"><enum>(1)</enum><text>For a second violation, suspension of the employee for a period of not more than 7 days.</text> </paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="id47f15a7c-6227-4e51-b20a-af1d4ce30de8"><enum>(2)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">For a third violation, suspension of the employee for a period of more than 7 days.</text> </paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="ida8ed227a-eb6d-433c-8114-46d48bd5bdbe"><enum>(3)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">For a fourth violation—</text> <subparagraph commented="no" id="id27cf2482-a54d-44f2-aaad-22a6a566bbf9"><enum>(A)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">suspension of the employee for a period of more than 7 days; and</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" id="ide38ca991-097f-4256-9e98-3dcb3722a177"><enum>(B)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">a civil penalty against the employee in an amount that is not more than $250.</text> </subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="id7f9814b3-fb00-4513-bb78-bff2ce170a06"><enum>(4)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">For a fifth violation—</text> <subparagraph commented="no" id="id014e531a-1068-4f51-8c5b-f322133f8925"><enum>(A)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">suspension of the employee for a period of more than 7 days; and</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" id="id40697408-02b2-41b3-9dd0-ba06571fc9f2"><enum>(B)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">a civil penalty against the employee in an amount that is not more than $500.</text> </subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="idc997888e-25f5-45a3-b83d-8ac640f74779"><enum>(5)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">For any subsequent violation—</text> <subparagraph commented="no" id="id896bf1f4-e308-40ea-b4a0-b8298df290ab"><enum>(A)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">suspension of the employee for a period of more than 7 days; and</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" id="id0ee7e450-9853-425d-875a-b1282fe274fc"><enum>(B)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">a civil penalty against the employee in an amount that is not more than $1,000.</text> </subparagraph></paragraph></subsection></section><section id="id6b8d2b24-efcd-4eaf-9032-dc8575319a6e"><enum>9205.</enum><header>Procedures</header> <subsection id="idbcee7f0d-bb22-4c12-84e0-9f7c772a4624"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Appeals</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The Director of the Office of Personnel Management shall by rule establish procedures providing for an appeal from any adverse action taken under section 9204 by not later than 30 days after the date of the action.</text> </subsection><subsection commented="no" id="id41cc38d1-a0ac-458a-ace9-64ffdc922dcb"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Applicability of other laws</header><text>An adverse action taken under section 9204 (including a determination in an appeal from such an action under subsection (a) of this section) shall not be subject to—</text> <paragraph commented="no" id="id4bc245b5-8c9c-4193-a754-7158d1063495"><enum>(1)</enum><text>the procedures under chapter 75; or</text> </paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="id8cf551e2-0fb9-482e-a6b6-d22eac3c25d0"><enum>(2)</enum><text>except as provided in subsection (a) of this section, appeal or judicial review.</text> </paragraph></subsection></section><section id="id15fdd757-6f9a-40ea-bbc0-c3db9c4c35df"><enum>9206.</enum><header>Rules of construction</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">Nothing in this chapter may be construed to—</text> <paragraph id="id9f2c7c91-c725-4288-b728-dbdfeedbc5b1"><enum>(1)</enum><text>authorize any officer or employee of an agency to request the disclosure of information described under subparagraphs (B) and (C) of section 9201(4); or</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="id382e9cb0-47a7-4992-adcc-9afa56db7d54"><enum>(2)</enum><text>create a private right of action for any person.</text></paragraph></section></chapter><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block> </subsection><subsection id="id0ae711d6-1c1b-4b13-b96e-7e27c197a7bc"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Regulations; effective date</header> <paragraph commented="no" id="id3fd50a62-69d7-4e6e-8c89-b54b7ebb9490"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Regulations</header><text>Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act, the Director of the Office of Personnel Management shall issue such regulations as are necessary to carry out <external-xref legal-doc="usc-chapter" parsable-cite="usc-chapter/5/92">chapter 92</external-xref> of title 5, United States Code (as added by subsection (a)).</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="id23bb100f-7b27-4368-a352-ef0af37dd723"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Effective date</header><text>Section 9202 of title 5, United States Code (as added by subsection (a)), shall take effect on the date that is 2 years after the date of enactment of this Act.</text> </paragraph></subsection><subsection id="idc9ddbd2a-7b7c-472e-8a71-ebfee4903be8"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Technical and conforming amendment</header><text>The table of chapters for part III of title 5, United States Code, is amended by inserting after the item relating to chapter 91 the following:</text> <quoted-block display-inline="no-display-inline" id="id34c50ae1-6948-4e98-bfa1-7683bebae823" style="USC"><toc><multi-column-toc-entry bold="on" level="chapter"><toc-enum>92.</toc-enum><level-header level="chapter">Prohibition on criminal history inquiries prior to conditional offer</level-header><target>9201</target></multi-column-toc-entry></toc><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block> </subsection><subsection id="id85C2E9C15A5D4501AF71508874D592F1"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Application to Legislative Branch</header> <paragraph id="id80CE283B31144567A20131EEF561AD5B"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The Congressional Accountability Act of 1995 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/2/1301">2 U.S.C. 1301</external-xref> et seq.) is amended—</text> <subparagraph id="id1255C9F9F5564F3A848510A93BE8605E"><enum>(A)</enum><text>in section 102(a) (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/2/1302">2 U.S.C. 1302(a)</external-xref>), by adding at the end the following:</text> <quoted-block display-inline="no-display-inline" id="id711DF886E5AE42B2BDDE9C8E1469DF6E" style="OLC"> <paragraph id="id932E7B68B5404561AF0E6A2C1E0CFE7A"><enum>(12)</enum><text>Section 9202 of title 5, United States Code.</text></paragraph><after-quoted-block>;</after-quoted-block></quoted-block> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="idE415B986248D48C7BA0AA9E76B3DA5F9"><enum>(B)</enum><text>by redesignating section 207 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/2/1317">2 U.S.C. 1317</external-xref>) as section 208; and</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="idB722110963D24837A489D0297FFA39B8"><enum>(C)</enum><text>by inserting after section 206 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/2/1316">2 U.S.C. 1316</external-xref>) the following new section:</text> <quoted-block display-inline="no-display-inline" id="idA962C25A21E747FCA562F2CB4E40B900" style="OLC"> <section id="idBA5FA24FB0704C8CA49BE7F1CE9A128B"><enum>207.</enum><header>Rights and protections relating to criminal history inquiries</header> <subsection id="id6CDCA2435299439CB14EB4391FCB8864"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Definitions</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">In this section, the terms <term>agency</term>, <term>criminal history record information</term>, and <term>suspension</term> have the meanings given the terms in section 9201 of title 5, United States Code, except as otherwise modified by this section.</text> </subsection><subsection id="id3B35B287B4584ED69207E7ED3A0989E0"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Restrictions on criminal history inquiries</header> <paragraph id="id79AFBFEFEFE04F69951BCCA1066806FF"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In general</header> <subparagraph id="idFB581C083B3F426089D12EE0EB89EB0D"><enum>(A)</enum><header>In general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Except as provided in subparagraph (B), an employee of an employing office may not request that an applicant for employment as a covered employee disclose criminal history record information if the request would be prohibited under section 9202 of title 5, United States Code, if made by an employee of an agency.</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="idF4FB5EC785FF4B76BF9CEFCDC2584D1C"><enum>(B)</enum><header>Conditional offer</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">For purposes of applying that section 9202 under subparagraph (A), a reference in that section 9202 to a conditional offer shall be considered to be an offer of employment as a covered employee that is conditioned upon the results of a criminal history inquiry.</text> </subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="id5ECFEBF5574545388FF89515553C2D12"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Rules of construction</header><text>The provisions of section 9206 of title 5, United States Code, shall apply to employing offices, consistent with regulations issued under subsection (d).</text> </paragraph></subsection><subsection id="id0A2A830820F04E26A8CCED3A9FB75982"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Remedy</header> <paragraph id="idB904176FEF98492AA2FEA4B1C87515E5"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In general</header><text>The remedy for a violation of subsection (b)(1) shall be such remedy as would be appropriate if awarded under section 9204 of title 5, United States Code, if the violation had been committed by an employee of an agency, consistent with regulations issued under subsection (d), except that the reference in that section to a suspension shall be considered to be a suspension with the level of compensation provided for a covered employee who is taking unpaid leave under section 202.</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="id43FE52B58B354506B47FB5C165481808"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Process for obtaining relief</header><text>An applicant for employment as a covered employee who alleges a violation of subsection (b)(1) may rely on the provisions of title IV (other than section 407 or 408, or a provision of this title that permits a person to obtain a civil action or judicial review), consistent with regulations issued under subsection (d).</text> </paragraph></subsection><subsection id="id795387191C3249D69F7F948A8848E607"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Regulations To implement section</header> <paragraph id="id287459DB65B44F93ABCAD1DDE2F35BDD"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Not later than 18 months after the date of enactment of the <short-title>Fair Chance to Compete for Jobs Act of 2019</short-title>, the Board shall, pursuant to section 304, issue regulations to implement this section.</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="id00DED39897C04080B47D9E3EE64B8612"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Parallel with agency regulations</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The regulations issued under paragraph (1) shall be the same as substantive regulations issued by the Director of the Office of Personnel Management under section 702(b)(1) of the <short-title>Fair Chance to Compete for Jobs Act of 2019</short-title> to implement the statutory provisions referred to in subsections (a) through (c) except to the extent that the Board may determine, for good cause shown and stated together with the regulation, that a modification of such regulations would be more effective for the implementation of the rights and protections under this section.</text> </paragraph></subsection><subsection id="id6EBAAFA9C6BA4365A15BD1F4EED15A1D"><enum>(e)</enum><header>Effective Date</header><text>Section 102(a)(12) and subsections (a) through (c) shall take effect on the date on which section 9202 of title 5, United States Code, applies with respect to agencies.</text></subsection></section><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block> </subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="id291DA5D86E8147C3A70841780CBDE966"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Clerical amendments</header> <subparagraph id="id48DFC3861E6341F49C1766C393615EFE"><enum>(A)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The table of contents in section 1(b) of the Congressional Accountability Act of 1995 (<external-xref legal-doc="public-law" parsable-cite="pl/104/1">Public Law 104–1</external-xref>; 109 Stat. 3) is amended—</text> <clause id="idFEE307CA4D974960BD4435173D2362E3"><enum>(i)</enum><text>by redesignating the item relating to section 207 as the item relating to section 208; and</text> </clause><clause id="idF6A4206B95774D5EBDA132D3B732949F"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>by inserting after the item relating to section 206 the following new item:</text> <quoted-block display-inline="no-display-inline" id="id7A56667095B8410784980B4396C7FDE4" style="OLC"><toc regeneration="no-regeneration"><toc-entry level="section">Sec. 207. Rights and protections relating to criminal history inquiries.</toc-entry></toc><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block> </clause></subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="id269CC701FAE1446A9D012A0C5A0A02AB"><enum>(B)</enum><text><external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/26/62">Section 62(e)(2)</external-xref> of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 is amended by striking <quote>or 207</quote> and inserting <quote>207, or 208</quote>.</text> </subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="ida40402fa-dbbc-45f1-b6f5-95b93471136b"><enum>(e)</enum><header>Application to judicial branch</header> <paragraph id="id45a16611-e6b7-4818-ab60-44a54f6abc2f"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Section 604 of title 28, United States Code, is amended by adding at the end the following:</text> <quoted-block display-inline="no-display-inline" id="id696e5154-0df7-4e3b-82bf-3159e05addd4" style="USC"> <subsection id="id642e2228-927e-49d0-af1c-3a4df9ea3748"><enum>(i)</enum><header>Restrictions on criminal history inquiries</header> <paragraph id="idf676735d-77d0-41a6-8480-eebf3db1c210"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Definitions</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">In this subsection—</text> <subparagraph id="id83f30c91-c8ca-4625-bc8f-e2a53f957afc"><enum>(A)</enum><text>the terms <term>agency</term> and <term>criminal history record information</term> have the meanings given those terms in section 9201 of title 5;</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="idbf67c499-db5f-491b-bc47-50232f89a430"><enum>(B)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">the term <term>covered employee</term> means an employee of the judicial branch of the United States Government, other than—</text> <clause id="id49af5dff-975a-499e-b525-cd8b67f85262"><enum>(i)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">any judge or justice who is entitled to hold office during good behavior;</text> </clause><clause id="id0dd39da7-74a4-42c1-91ba-1e51af8874c9"><enum>(ii)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">a United States magistrate judge; or</text> </clause><clause id="idad2bbf6f-4538-4270-9c9c-48f7ab3d818b"><enum>(iii)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">a bankruptcy judge; and</text> </clause></subparagraph><subparagraph id="ida9d7bbea-f492-409b-8e22-c7a1a2f35319"><enum>(C)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">the term <term>employing office</term> means any office or entity of the judicial branch of the United States Government that employs covered employees.</text> </subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="idc9fc976e-5f4f-4012-bfba-277f9c5f19f7"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Restriction</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">A covered employee may not request that an applicant for employment as a covered employee disclose criminal history record information if the request would be prohibited under section 9202 of title 5 if made by an employee of an agency.</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="id38e958b5-2a53-4024-b86a-451d2637b7ac"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Employing office policies; complaint procedure</header><text>The provisions of sections 9203 and 9206 of title 5 shall apply to employing offices and to applicants for employment as covered employees, consistent with regulations issued by the Director to implement this subsection.</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="id340fa229-cc4a-4423-8b3d-a324b73aebfd"><enum>(4)</enum><header>Adverse action</header> <subparagraph id="idafd2e26f-b7b6-4536-b090-d82e05bb2fa7"><enum>(A)</enum><header>Adverse action</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The Director may take such adverse action with respect to a covered employee who violates paragraph (2) as would be appropriate under section 9204 of title 5 if the violation had been committed by an employee of an agency.</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="id3ab9709a-38a3-497a-94be-e73e6d939c09"><enum>(B)</enum><header>Appeals</header><text>The Director shall by rule establish procedures providing for an appeal from any adverse action taken under subparagraph (A) by not later than 30 days after the date of the action.</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="ided59b87a-6c2c-427f-8f14-246c31637d2b"><enum>(C)</enum><header>Applicability of other laws</header><text>Except as provided in subparagraph (B), an adverse action taken under subparagraph (A) (including a determination in an appeal from such an action under subparagraph (B)) shall not be subject to appeal or judicial review.</text> </subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="idc725f7e7-a9f8-4f96-8089-cfc36c23e805"><enum>(5)</enum><header>Regulations to be issued</header> <subparagraph id="id970496a8-c114-4e5e-a4f3-ce78bddc09f5"><enum>(A)</enum><header>In general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Not later than 18 months after the date of enactment of the <short-title>Fair Chance to Compete for Jobs Act of 2019</short-title>, the Director shall issue regulations to implement this subsection.</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="id620c6438-5c01-4783-b13b-da536d25011c"><enum>(B)</enum><header>Parallel with agency regulations</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The regulations issued under subparagraph (A) shall be the same as substantive regulations promulgated by the Director of the Office of Personnel Management under section 702(b)(1) of the <short-title>Fair Chance to Compete for Jobs Act of 2019</short-title> except to the extent that the Director of the Administrative Office of the United States Courts may determine, for good cause shown and stated together with the regulation, that a modification of such regulations would be more effective for the implementation of the rights and protections under this subsection.</text> </subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="id04e46731-e62b-4913-80c3-ebecb940009d"><enum>(6)</enum><header>Effective date</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Paragraphs (1) through (4) shall take effect on the date on which section 9202 of title 5 applies with respect to agencies.</text></paragraph></subsection><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block> </paragraph></subsection></section><section commented="no" id="id97d4a59a-21ba-4f5d-a7e9-93ae01ec2c86" section-type="subsequent-section"><enum>703.</enum><header>Prohibition on criminal history inquiries by contractors prior to conditional offer</header> <subsection commented="no" id="id339b64c0-fe2f-41cb-972f-184816cb135b"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Civilian agency contracts</header> <paragraph commented="no" id="idb8d8b4b9-eed6-40c7-b3b5-ff60ca990bc1"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In general</header><text><external-xref legal-doc="usc-chapter" parsable-cite="usc-chapter/41/47">Chapter 47</external-xref> of title 41, United States Code, is amended by adding at the end the following new section:</text> <quoted-block display-inline="no-display-inline" id="id1d5b81dc-9314-4368-b774-6fa1298c30bc" style="USC"> <section id="id6113d726-14d7-43e5-86f4-bb51f204d31b"><enum>4714.</enum><header>Prohibition on criminal history inquiries by contractors prior to conditional offer</header> <subsection commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="id6d825e93-3f6c-4625-a272-ef779bf1841a"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Limitation on criminal history inquiries</header> <paragraph commented="no" id="idce57c4bd-c361-47ee-9d51-2be668129f64"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Except as provided in paragraphs (2) and (3), an executive agency—</text> <subparagraph commented="no" id="idaafd1c6a-747a-462f-b221-427f82c5867d"><enum>(A)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">may not require that an individual or sole proprietor who submits a bid for a contract to disclose criminal history record information regarding that individual or sole proprietor before determining the apparent awardee; and</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" id="id1ba27adb-f8c5-40d2-b460-b0769dda2709"><enum>(B)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">shall require, as a condition of receiving a Federal contract and receiving payments under such contract that the contractor may not verbally, or through written form, request the disclosure of criminal history record information regarding an applicant for a position related to work under such contract before the contractor extends a conditional offer to the applicant.</text> </subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="idff1da2e1-4923-4fd5-9b79-bc908da8257c"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Otherwise required by law</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The prohibition under paragraph (1) does not apply with respect to a contract if consideration of criminal history record information prior to a conditional offer with respect to the position is otherwise required by law.</text> </paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="idfb23f02f-657b-43de-b311-b787956a09d8"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Exception for certain positions</header> <subparagraph commented="no" id="idF5CFDF1916D34731883C3A8F5336A5BF"><enum>(A)</enum><header>In general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The prohibition under paragraph (1) does not apply with respect to—</text> <clause commented="no" id="id22A29086FC234A0AAEB3A3173F10DC8C"><enum>(i)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">a contract that requires an individual hired under the contract to access classified information or to have sensitive law enforcement or national security duties; or</text> </clause><clause commented="no" id="id733C2325098C4C40A80C67E6ECA00828"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>a position that the Administrator of General Services identifies under the regulations issued under subparagraph (B).</text> </clause></subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" id="idFCD94E90A3864566A8CEFB3D84E0FA29"><enum>(B)</enum><header>Regulations</header> <clause commented="no" id="idE6543F6AE857429DB5237005458A5F5F"><enum>(i)</enum><header>Issuance</header><text>Not later than 16 months after the date of enactment of the <short-title>Fair Chance to Compete for Jobs Act of 2019</short-title>, the Administrator of General Services, in consultation with the Secretary of Defense, shall issue regulations identifying additional positions with respect to which the prohibition under paragraph (1) shall not apply, giving due consideration to positions that involve interaction with minors, access to sensitive information, or managing financial transactions.</text> </clause><clause commented="no" id="idE8C77C202CEC4A1C8F37433A602142D7"><enum>(ii)</enum><header>Compliance with civil rights laws</header><text>The regulations issued under clause (i) shall—</text> <subclause commented="no" id="idDB43786B54164930AD64F33184AA000D"><enum>(I)</enum><text>be consistent with, and in no way supersede, restrict, or limit the application of title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/42/2000e">42 U.S.C. 2000e</external-xref> et seq.) or other relevant Federal civil rights laws; and</text> </subclause><subclause commented="no" id="id2C6734084E5A4F5FA1D5489654A9504F"><enum>(II)</enum><text>ensure that all hiring activities conducted pursuant to the regulations are conducted in a manner consistent with relevant Federal civil rights laws.</text> </subclause></clause></subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="id2e937709-9243-4842-90f6-62560f561b0a"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Complaint procedures</header><text>The Administrator of General Services shall establish and publish procedures under which an applicant for a position with a Federal contractor may submit to the Administrator a complaint, or any other information, relating to compliance by the contractor with subsection (a)(1)(B).</text> </subsection><subsection commented="no" id="id4b5b4225-7ebb-4d0b-9168-724b23257cb2"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Action for violations of prohibition on criminal history inquiries</header> <paragraph id="iddb8069f1-1837-42f8-b5df-13f9892c62e2"><enum>(1)</enum><header>First violation</header><text>If the head of an executive agency determines that a contractor has violated subsection (a)(1)(B), such head shall—</text> <subparagraph id="idb7847049-c963-47e2-b033-fea6b700bd4b"><enum>(A)</enum><text>notify the contractor;</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="id72fbe129-c6ce-461b-9088-604242f2366a"><enum>(B)</enum><text>provide 30 days after such notification for the contractor to appeal the determination; and</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="ida59ade41-8f63-43b7-b54f-81a246c18486"><enum>(C)</enum><text>issue a written warning to the contractor that includes a description of the violation and the additional remedies that may apply for subsequent violations.</text> </subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="id41b79258-1201-4b9c-a8de-0de83dbe9a39"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Subsequent violation</header><text>If the head of an executive agency determines that a contractor that was subject to paragraph (1) has committed a subsequent violation of subsection (a)(1)(B), such head shall notify the contractor, shall provide 30 days after such notification for the contractor to appeal the determination, and, in consultation with the relevant Federal agencies, may take actions, depending on the severity of the infraction and the contractor’s history of violations, including—</text> <subparagraph id="idca45803a-9d08-4332-b0c1-45bac86f46ce"><enum>(A)</enum><text>providing written guidance to the contractor that the contractor's eligibility for contracts requires compliance with this section;</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="id233aae8b-d793-49d1-a8eb-df50cdf039ed"><enum>(B)</enum><text>requiring that the contractor respond within 30 days affirming that the contractor is taking steps to comply with this section; and</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="idaff3b4cd-742c-4d44-a39a-9222b74e4f72"><enum>(C)</enum><text>suspending payment under the contract for which the applicant was being considered until the contractor demonstrates compliance with this section.</text> </subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="idde5c9a86-1dfa-4171-ad73-95b87ae6a7da"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Definitions</header><text>In this section:</text> <paragraph id="id79c908f3-01af-425f-9bfc-c8446ee31627"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Conditional offer</header><text>The term <term>conditional offer</term> means an offer of employment for a position related to work under a contract that is conditioned upon the results of a criminal history inquiry.</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="id1c6fec41-c386-4d74-b84d-36a20aabf802"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Criminal history record information</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The term <term>criminal history record information</term> has the meaning given that term in section 9201 of title 5.</text></paragraph></subsection></section><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block> </paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="id7b4aaf5f-15f9-4660-a160-193ff38236bf"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Clerical amendment</header><text>The table of sections for <external-xref legal-doc="usc-chapter" parsable-cite="usc-chapter/41/47">chapter 47</external-xref> of title 41, United States Code, is amended by adding at the end the following new item:</text> <quoted-block display-inline="no-display-inline" id="id979337ce-245d-4a06-8fda-c47073b7ecc1" style="USC"><toc regeneration="no-regeneration"><toc-entry level="section">4714. Prohibition on criminal history inquiries by contractors prior to conditional offer.</toc-entry></toc><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block> </paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="idbd589008-5b15-4c98-846a-6ad7c4e95e8b"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Effective date</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Section 4714 of title 41, United States Code, as added by paragraph (1), shall apply with respect to contracts awarded pursuant to solicitations issued after the effective date described in section 702(b)(2) of this title.</text> </paragraph></subsection><subsection commented="no" id="id5879dc42-2864-421f-971d-41abbffb71dc"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Defense contracts</header> <paragraph commented="no" id="id81330f57-490b-435d-ba10-420aa64f0153"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In general</header><text><external-xref legal-doc="usc-chapter" parsable-cite="usc-chapter/10/137">Chapter 137</external-xref> of title 10, United States Code, is amended by inserting after <external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/10/2338">section 2338</external-xref> the following new section:</text> <quoted-block display-inline="no-display-inline" id="id6b7a5bd7-83df-4e86-86ce-df8bb691479b" style="USC"> <section commented="no" id="idc6abcbab-1935-4361-9a1c-b15dabce4a4b"><enum>2339.</enum><header>Prohibition on criminal history inquiries by contractors prior to conditional offer</header> <subsection commented="no" id="iddbaf9884-d1c7-400d-aede-8b47e1c77a8b"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Limitation on criminal history inquiries</header> <paragraph commented="no" id="id85b9f86c-796f-4885-97bf-8e17f265984e"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In general</header><text>Except as provided in paragraphs (2) and (3), the head of an agency—</text> <subparagraph commented="no" id="idbce9d1d0-2874-4b66-bc30-ab1afb792c90"><enum>(A)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">may not require that an individual or sole proprietor who submits a bid for a contract to disclose criminal history record information regarding that individual or sole proprietor before determining the apparent awardee; and</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" id="id89fd930d-cff5-4b9a-9c82-ae910777452c"><enum>(B)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">shall require as a condition of receiving a Federal contract and receiving payments under such contract that the contractor may not verbally or through written form request the disclosure of criminal history record information regarding an applicant for a position related to work under such contract before such contractor extends a conditional offer to the applicant.</text> </subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="id9392e3b6-e0aa-4b32-9942-44f1ff5d70d3"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Otherwise required by law</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The prohibition under paragraph (1) does not apply with respect to a contract if consideration of criminal history record information prior to a conditional offer with respect to the position is otherwise required by law.</text> </paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="id0410a637-01e4-4eea-9f1a-c3c608341d6c"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Exception for certain positions</header> <subparagraph commented="no" id="idB0FA13DA16B24E61BA852BFD9213E61C"><enum>(A)</enum><header>In general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The prohibition under paragraph (1) does not apply with respect to—</text> <clause commented="no" id="id3586057921144B578EF41A5163FAC079"><enum>(i)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">a contract that requires an individual hired under the contract to access classified information or to have sensitive law enforcement or national security duties; or</text> </clause><clause commented="no" id="id9C5362D2AE70468F9FFE9B677FA05C8B"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>a position that the Secretary of Defense identifies under the regulations issued under subparagraph (B).</text> </clause></subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" id="id4EF9E3896A7A48BEA8B5485FDA096BDE"><enum>(B)</enum><header>Regulations</header> <clause commented="no" id="id5083F17E15BF4707AA52D5B4C9D7BAFB"><enum>(i)</enum><header>Issuance</header><text>Not later than 16 months after the date of enactment of the <short-title>Fair Chance to Compete for Jobs Act of 2019</short-title>, the Secretary of Defense, in consultation with the Administrator of General Services, shall issue regulations identifying additional positions with respect to which the prohibition under paragraph (1) shall not apply, giving due consideration to positions that involve interaction with minors, access to sensitive information, or managing financial transactions.</text> </clause><clause commented="no" id="id537DCD5F740849B4B108D8EAAE2A9CCE"><enum>(ii)</enum><header>Compliance with civil rights laws</header><text>The regulations issued under clause (i) shall—</text> <subclause commented="no" id="id8F5CE62C199B4539A295170E8748A186"><enum>(I)</enum><text>be consistent with, and in no way supersede, restrict, or limit the application of title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/42/2000e">42 U.S.C. 2000e</external-xref> et seq.) or other relevant Federal civil rights laws; and</text> </subclause><subclause commented="no" id="id9AF8B56F6D4648588075B51E0A27F086"><enum>(II)</enum><text>ensure that all hiring activities conducted pursuant to the regulations are conducted in a manner consistent with relevant Federal civil rights laws.</text> </subclause></clause></subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="idbd3b82aa-5da6-4262-a1e0-2f177e05f72d"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Complaint procedures</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The Secretary of Defense shall establish and publish procedures under which an applicant for a position with a Department of Defense contractor may submit a complaint, or any other information, relating to compliance by the contractor with subsection (a)(1)(B).</text> </subsection><subsection commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="id7aa247dd-b3c3-42ed-aa80-9656ce538c90"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Action for violations of prohibition on criminal history inquiries</header> <paragraph id="id19694972-26f5-4440-a27c-0b6042c5872d"><enum>(1)</enum><header>First violation</header><text>If the Secretary of Defense determines that a contractor has violated subsection (a)(1)(B), the Secretary shall—</text> <subparagraph id="id82d5284b-355a-4f7a-ba4e-4c3cedc68b7c"><enum>(A)</enum><text>notify the contractor;</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="idfd92338d-6088-4706-ad02-3a60a59a7d5d"><enum>(B)</enum><text>provide 30 days after such notification for the contractor to appeal the determination; and</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="id73ca5b59-e71c-4006-a508-3c909134e757"><enum>(C)</enum><text>issue a written warning to the contractor that includes a description of the violation and the additional remedies that may apply for subsequent violations.</text> </subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="id133add3f-fa91-4b88-a33f-7f4ab3f6d95a"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Subsequent violations</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">If the Secretary of Defense determines that a contractor that was subject to paragraph (1) has committed a subsequent violation of subsection (a)(1)(B), the Secretary shall notify the contractor, shall provide 30 days after such notification for the contractor to appeal the determination, and, in consultation with the relevant Federal agencies, may take actions, depending on the severity of the infraction and the contractor’s history of violations, including—</text> <subparagraph id="ide9bbcb7d-bcd9-48e3-894e-a2297278a47c"><enum>(A)</enum><text>providing written guidance to the contractor that the contractor's eligibility for contracts requires compliance with this section;</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="idf3268c67-415b-4fd0-a539-16879cdd2812"><enum>(B)</enum><text>requiring that the contractor respond within 30 days affirming that the contractor is taking steps to comply with this section; and</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="idd1e175b1-eb74-4eb5-b236-b569cb6b70bf"><enum>(C)</enum><text>suspending payment under the contract for which the applicant was being considered until the contractor demonstrates compliance with this section.</text> </subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="id000f2384-f707-4824-bade-127987c7ce1a"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Definitions</header><text>In this section:</text> <paragraph id="id40e73132-621d-4301-a444-7b1752599ae9"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Conditional offer</header><text>The term <term>conditional offer</term> means an offer of employment for a position related to work under a contract that is conditioned upon the results of a criminal history inquiry.</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="idbea89f7b-d6b8-4dae-9e62-141429894985"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Criminal history record information</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The term <term>criminal history record information</term> has the meaning given that term in section 9201 of title 5.</text></paragraph></subsection></section><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block> </paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="idfcff0fc8-2bf6-49e7-965e-b50de6f6b626"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Effective date</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Section 2339(a) of title 10, United States Code, as added by paragraph (1), shall apply with respect to contracts awarded pursuant to solicitations issued after the effective date described in section 702(b)(2) of this title.</text> </paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="id819a6422-75c6-45d6-bf75-aa96d3d7df88"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Clerical amendment</header><text>The table of sections for <external-xref legal-doc="usc-chapter" parsable-cite="usc-chapter/10/137">chapter 137</external-xref> of title 10, United States Code, is amended by inserting after the item relating to <external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/10/2338">section 2338</external-xref> the following new item:</text> <quoted-block display-inline="no-display-inline" id="id3120e8d1-f9d5-4d5c-819b-5a8a3066c72f" style="USC"><toc><toc-entry bold="off" level="section">2339. Prohibition on criminal history inquiries by contractors prior to conditional offer.</toc-entry></toc><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block> </paragraph></subsection><subsection id="id2af50c41-2a80-4edb-a54f-b74d4f123acb"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Revisions to Federal Acquisition Regulation</header> <paragraph id="id92be6aab-d087-4db0-96f4-f9a18ab09980"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In general</header><text>Not later than 18 months after the date of enactment of this Act, the Federal Acquisition Regulatory Council shall revise the Federal Acquisition Regulation to implement section 4714 of title 41, United States Code, and section 2339 of title 10, United States Code, as added by this section.</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="id3d2d98e4-6da8-4034-a598-f96afd59de55"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Consistency with Office of Personnel Management regulations</header><text>The Federal Acquisition Regulatory Council shall revise the Federal Acquisition Regulation under paragraph (1) to be consistent with the regulations issued by the Director of the Office of Personnel Management under section 702(b)(1) to the maximum extent practicable. The Council shall include together with such revision an explanation of any substantive modification of the Office of Personnel Management regulations, including an explanation of how such modification will more effectively implement the rights and protections under this section.</text> </paragraph></subsection></section><section commented="no" id="id423dfe80-d185-4f57-b3f5-a494ddaa60d6"><enum>704.</enum><header>Report on employment of individuals formerly incarcerated in Federal prisons</header> <subsection commented="no" id="id2d8e2519-96fd-4033-8e09-f677b73a6915"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Definition</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">In this section, the term <term>covered individual</term>—</text> <paragraph commented="no" id="id694f7e48-2a57-483b-966b-f46f16b5473c"><enum>(1)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">means an individual who has completed a term of imprisonment in a Federal prison for a Federal criminal offense; and</text> </paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="idbb8bfa55-ed8b-451e-952a-b135709baa5b"><enum>(2)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">does not include an alien who is or will be removed from the United States for a violation of the immigration laws (as such term is defined in section 101 of the Immigration and Nationality Act (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/8/1101">8 U.S.C. 1101</external-xref>)).</text> </paragraph></subsection><subsection commented="no" id="id9a7ed3cd-03d9-46d2-8a93-db7141621be5"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Study and report required</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The Director of the Bureau of Justice Statistics, in coordination with the Director of the Bureau of the Census, shall—</text> <paragraph commented="no" id="ide413fda9-bd44-4d7a-9ba6-7a85facf3594"><enum>(1)</enum><text>not later than 180 days after the date of enactment of this Act, design and initiate a study on the employment of covered individuals after their release from Federal prison, including by collecting—</text> <subparagraph commented="no" id="id89818b74-b9ab-4688-b5fe-ef20c3fce3b4"><enum>(A)</enum><text>demographic data on covered individuals, including race, age, and sex; and</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" id="id29faa0be-7753-429d-9bbd-d8ae35a98d8b"><enum>(B)</enum><text>data on employment and earnings of covered individuals who are denied employment, including the reasons for the denials; and</text> </subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="id3b26cdb3-7308-456c-9dba-d5d4d7254b80"><enum>(2)</enum><text>not later than 2 years after the date of enactment of this Act, and every 5 years thereafter, submit a report that does not include any personally identifiable information on the study conducted under paragraph (1) to—</text> <subparagraph commented="no" id="id564ab063-e82f-4678-9729-4f1bfb04ff17"><enum>(A)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">the Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs of the Senate;</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" id="id7c9adb2a-2059-4c50-9b36-925525567bbc"><enum>(B)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions of the Senate;</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" id="ide0f95e68-54fc-46bd-a765-bc1cf7217d57"><enum>(C)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">the Committee on Oversight and Reform of the House of Representatives; and</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="id0222df38-9ec0-4174-8ec1-da7d0632057a"><enum>(D)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">the Committee on Education and Labor of the House of Representatives.</text> </subparagraph></paragraph></subsection></section><enum>VIII</enum><header>Fair Chance Licensing Act</header> <section id="idAD9E329268B5425A95BC6A2003CBE4C1" section-type="subsequent-section"><enum>801.</enum><header>Short title</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">This title may be cited as the <quote><short-title>Fair Chance Licensing Act of 2019</short-title></quote>.</text> </section><section id="id5110260ED0384D20AC714C170AEE7F7F"><enum>802.</enum><header>Restrictions on use of criminal records to disqualify individuals from employment, occupational licensing, or occupational certification</header> <subsection id="idF5C729922DD540CAB72E6D326DAE4236"><enum>(a)</enum><header>State and local requirements</header><text>Section 534 of title 28, United States Code, is amended by adding at the end the following:</text> <quoted-block display-inline="no-display-inline" id="idB517A74A26634357A3C712577C966A7C" style="OLC"> <subsection id="idDEF73BD1DAB94F739DFDF8F97DFFDA00"><enum>(g)</enum><header>Restrictions on State and local use of criminal records To disqualify individuals from employment, occupational licensing, or occupational certification</header> <paragraph id="id5F0023B476864211BC0275CDECBF11F0"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Definitions</header><text>In this subsection—</text> <subparagraph id="idC8129930242B46159A008BC08F41418F"><enum>(A)</enum><text>the term <term>covered entity</term> means—</text> <clause id="idC012259FACAE4848A83529CE1CE6A7CA"><enum>(i)</enum><text>an occupational licensing authority;</text> </clause><clause id="id1CE56FCECA074793A018F29949C96033"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>an occupational certification authority; and</text> </clause><clause id="id7A0AAD46CDED443381515936413D6C2A"><enum>(iii)</enum><text>an employer or third-party entity that is authorized by Federal or State law, including title II of the Departments of State, Justice, and Commerce, the Judiciary, and Related Agencies Appropriation Act, 1973 (<external-xref legal-doc="public-law" parsable-cite="pl/92/544">Public Law 92–544</external-xref>; 86 Stat. 1114), to access the records system created under this section for employment purposes;</text> </clause></subparagraph><subparagraph id="idCFEE0078D8E3417598B6D616550ED541"><enum>(B)</enum><text>the term <term>directly related conviction</term>, with respect to an individual, means a conviction of the individual that a covered entity determines to have a direct and specific negative bearing on the ability of the individual to perform the duties or responsibilities necessary for—</text> <clause id="id18B00375C333479A8126C629AE51EC05"><enum>(i)</enum><text>the position in which employment is sought; or</text> </clause><clause id="id508B1BCAEDB241B19C7AFC9CDF1EDCF1"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>the occupation for which an occupational license or certification is sought;</text> </clause></subparagraph><subparagraph id="id20EDE72742B14B23857CFAC59A7B316F"><enum>(C)</enum><text>the term <term>qualifying background check law</term> means a law that imposes the requirements described in paragraph (3); and</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="id8477AC3298534BD4BFC20C49E8A93C35"><enum>(D)</enum><text>the term <term>record</term> means a record or other information acquired, collected, classified, or preserved by the Attorney General under paragraph (1), (2), or (3) of subsection (a).</text> </subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="idEE327932EB684D3DB325E0BFF7235689"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Conditions on access by State and local entities to FBI background check system</header> <subparagraph id="id95A118C068F54C049677A2C9FA1846DD"><enum>(A)</enum><header>States</header><text>An agency or official of a State may not request or access a record, including on behalf of a private entity, under any authority, unless the State has enacted a qualifying background check law or a law that is more favorable to an individual with a criminal history than a qualifying background check law.</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="id5D5B518C3B2C411B99F487B701B407C6"><enum>(B)</enum><header>Local governments</header><text>An agency or official of a political subdivision of a State may not request or access a record, including on behalf of a private entity, under any authority unless the political subdivision or the State has enacted a qualifying background check law or a law that is more favorable to an individual with a criminal history than a qualifying background check law.</text> </subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="idAB4E53E3F3B946B1B93C4DC6CCC3F596"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Qualifying background check law</header> <subparagraph id="idE05C6FFA29FC48EAA9D5DE560965F7DF"><enum>(A)</enum><header>Availability and use of criminal history information</header><text>A qualifying background check law shall provide that a covered entity may not consider any of the following criminal history information in determining whether to disqualify an individual from employment, an occupational license, or an occupational certification:</text> <clause commented="no" id="id886F00839B6D44E3BF07AE9C0584E7B6"><enum>(i)</enum><text>A conviction that is not a directly related conviction.</text> </clause><clause id="id9E15EB8C00C84678940FB718D5A16740"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>Non-conviction information, including information related to—</text> <subclause id="id42A2F593A8BE4F4DA495C166E982168B"><enum>(I)</enum><text>a deferred adjudication;</text> </subclause><subclause id="id2A0F693904944A0DB271AF6371F0C49C"><enum>(II)</enum><text>participation in a diversion program;</text> </subclause><subclause id="idAE11EFBD57E44714BB5D69ABF3470941"><enum>(III)</enum><text>an arrest not followed by a valid conviction; or</text> </subclause><subclause id="idEFEAB9926BFA456CA24C2747717985BF"><enum>(IV)</enum><text>an infraction.</text> </subclause></clause><clause id="id954A6F31E2ED4060B38CE9ADA6D54501"><enum>(iii)</enum><text>A conviction that has been sealed, dismissed, expunged, or pardoned.</text> </clause><clause id="id55630F88490845FBA559DD68A7BD21D5"><enum>(iv)</enum><text>A juvenile adjudication.</text> </clause><clause id="id09C7C5712E484815805106F599A1F85C"><enum>(v)</enum><text>A misdemeanor conviction for which no sentence of imprisonment can be imposed.</text> </clause><clause id="id36E1ED9959744E86BE0ADB31D0DB383E"><enum>(vi)</enum><text>A misdemeanor conviction that is more than 1 year old, excluding any period of incarceration or custody.</text> </clause><clause id="id012ED332F0A140C589802761F2C26CC1"><enum>(vii)</enum><text>A felony conviction that is more than 5 years old, excluding any period of incarceration or custody.</text> </clause></subparagraph><subparagraph id="id01D8B6DF89584B7BAA9569F4EEE153B9"><enum>(B)</enum><header>Consideration of title VII <quote>Green</quote> factors</header><text>A qualifying background check law shall provide that a covered entity, in determining whether to disqualify an individual from employment, an occupational license, or an occupational certification based on a directly related conviction, shall consider—</text> <clause id="id6F169ADE672C48BE9F595DE62C75E5EE"><enum>(i)</enum><text>the nature and gravity of the conviction;</text> </clause><clause id="id67BA1BA9D842427D93EE524718DA840D"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>the period of time that has elapsed since the conviction or, if applicable, completion of the sentence; and</text> </clause><clause id="id800BB6B7AE4E41ECAA5A08E72D92F67D"><enum>(iii)</enum><text>the nature of the employment, license, or certification held or sought.</text> </clause></subparagraph><subparagraph id="idC569CD3B936A4A728A7D9D2EABAF1790"><enum>(C)</enum><header>Sufficient mitigation or rehabilitation and fitness for occupation</header><text>A qualifying background check law shall provide that a covered entity may not disqualify an individual from employment, an occupational license, or an occupational certification solely or in part because of a directly related conviction if the individual can establish sufficient mitigation or rehabilitation and fitness to perform the duties of the position or occupation by providing—</text> <clause id="idDBD82BC866AB40CA86E4A3CD92567236"><enum>(i)</enum><text>evidence showing that—</text> <subclause id="id6156BEB1367D4DE283B2BDB7D018298A"><enum>(I)</enum><text>not less than 1 year has elapsed since the individual was released from any correctional institution without subsequent conviction of a crime; and</text> </subclause><subclause id="idC21FC7CBA8A14F26B4EBAFCFC7FF93EB"><enum>(II)</enum><text>the individual has complied with all terms and conditions of probation or parole; or</text> </subclause></clause><clause id="idA8B6E3CD813B4F8EAF6A5080BBF3B291"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>any other evidence of mitigation and present fitness, including—</text> <subclause id="idE0847DA2C9AA4576B017959C685FDCCF"><enum>(I)</enum><text>the circumstances relating to the offense, including mitigating circumstances or social conditions surrounding the commission of the offense;</text> </subclause><subclause id="id3307969A60E646FF9E970EEDE02B1559"><enum>(II)</enum><text>the age of the individual when the individual committed the offense;</text> </subclause><subclause id="id3D5AC556D26E4F4A85D72F8D8D22CB68"><enum>(III)</enum><text>the period of time that has elapsed since the individual committed the offense;</text> </subclause><subclause id="id6BC84A651808401F97E6D8278289E08B"><enum>(IV)</enum><text>evidence of work history, particularly any training or work experience related to the position or occupation;</text> </subclause><subclause id="idF270BB8E87CE473091A830BBF6DDB0D6"><enum>(V)</enum><text>additional evidence of educational, training, or work activities that the individual has participated in, including during any period of incarceration;</text> </subclause><subclause id="idB90DE3A2263D4FA3838287F7C44D1551"><enum>(VI)</enum><text>letters of reference by persons who have been in contact with the individual since the individual was released from any correctional institution; and</text> </subclause><subclause id="idC126D5EE05674F4A827494AF06068168"><enum>(VII)</enum><text>completion of, or active participation in, rehabilitative drug or alcohol treatment.</text> </subclause></clause></subparagraph><subparagraph id="id188481CC5DA54F6987D93FD613D0D55F"><enum>(D)</enum><header>Notice of potential denial and opportunity to appeal</header> <clause id="id507F3AAD86B44785B20B5159FB1C20E9"><enum>(i)</enum><header>Notice of potential denial</header><text>A qualifying background check law shall provide that if a covered entity intends to disqualify an individual from employment, an occupational license, or an occupational certification solely or in part because of a directly related conviction, the covered entity shall, prior to making a final decision—</text> <subclause id="id2810D64ACF7147E4BFA0623BAD2666A0"><enum>(I)</enum><text>notify the individual in writing of—</text> <item id="id08A0389CFDF447E286A7AB68EB444CCA"><enum>(aa)</enum><text>the directly related conviction that forms the basis for the potential disqualification; and</text> </item><item id="idBE5AB71A3BD7480BB616359CCC2BB469"><enum>(bb)</enum><text>the rationale for how the conviction is directly related to the position or occupation;</text> </item></subclause><subclause id="id9C28D396E2B24D75B711B335E090AD26"><enum>(II)</enum><text>provide the individual a copy of the conviction history report, if any, on which the covered entity relies; and</text> </subclause><subclause id="id88D805F706C141E0B78B47B26CC1DBBD"><enum>(III)</enum><text>provide the individual examples of mitigation or rehabilitation evidence (as described in subparagraph (C)) that the individual may voluntarily provide.</text> </subclause></clause><clause id="id6C1F8C11603E430C9543B6837C8E8EC1"><enum>(ii)</enum><header>Response</header><text>A qualifying background check law shall provide that not later than 30 days after the date on which an individual receives a notice of potential disqualification described in clause (i), the individual may respond to the notice by—</text> <subclause id="idD42AFDC7C0744D0E946E5FFFE3459222"><enum>(I)</enum><text>challenging the accuracy of the conviction history report; or</text> </subclause><subclause id="idF9A1CCAB869245C9A22A9C6813553B58"><enum>(II)</enum><text>submitting evidence of mitigation or rehabilitation.</text> </subclause></clause><clause id="id2FCBABD4779340B291BFF55138B78DD5"><enum>(iii)</enum><header>Final decision</header><text>A qualifying background check law shall provide that a covered entity shall make a final decision based on an individualized assessment of the information described in subparagraph (C), including any information described in clause (ii) of this subparagraph submitted by the individual.</text> </clause><clause id="idA059BBD40F2343BF9FE6842351D0CC70"><enum>(iv)</enum><header>Notice of final decision</header><text>A qualifying background check law shall provide that if a covered entity disqualifies an individual from employment, an occupational license, or an occupational certification solely or in part because of a directly related conviction, the covered entity shall notify the individual in writing of—</text> <subclause id="idF336302132D94AB99BFE0DF2F544A804"><enum>(I)</enum><text>the final decision, including—</text> <item id="id7B0A078A29FE475EB3A655B906B07151"><enum>(aa)</enum><text>a list of each directly related conviction that forms the basis for the decision; and</text> </item><item id="idABC13B17848C41A3B4EDEC95E2931C36"><enum>(bb)</enum><text>the rationale for how the conviction is directly related to the position;</text> </item></subclause><subclause id="id1B60BDDD4CF04C369E2A1CCF404BA69D"><enum>(II)</enum><text>additional appeal procedures, if any, including opportunities for administrative or judicial review; and</text> </subclause><subclause id="idA061CAFE28764210923D1EC060AB1975"><enum>(III)</enum><text>the earliest date on which the individual may reapply for the employment, occupational license, or occupational certification.</text> </subclause></clause></subparagraph><subparagraph id="idE195203A5E3E4C42BBDAED5DF25E287B"><enum>(E)</enum><header>Education, outreach, and transparency activities</header><text>A qualifying background check law shall provide that a covered entity shall—</text> <clause id="idE40E298868A34F72985F12602A491941"><enum>(i)</enum><text>adopt education and outreach policies developed with the input of key stakeholders, including individuals with arrest and conviction records;</text> </clause><clause id="id21FD0D755A5E41ABA01118615CC6B461"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>explain to the public (including on the website of the covered entity, if applicable) how the covered entity uses criminal history information in making decisions with respect to employment, occupational licensing, or occupational certification, as applicable; and</text> </clause><clause id="id597E6527156F40ED9F36A6A56FBC64F8"><enum>(iii)</enum><text>offer individuals access at any time (including before obtaining any required education or training) to guidance on the impact of a conviction or arrest on the application process for employment, occupational licensing, or occupational certification, as applicable.</text> </clause></subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="id315C93AE91C542C08BD3067E5B2738D4"><enum>(4)</enum><header>Compliance review</header><text>Not later than 180 days after the date on which this subsection takes effect, and semiannually thereafter, the Attorney General shall review the compliance of States and political subdivisions thereof with the requirement under paragraph (2).</text></paragraph></subsection><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block> </subsection><subsection id="idACEADC5B488D453480B383BDAE17FBD1"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Federal requirements</header> <paragraph id="idCF5CD628A54342B5A45EB271C5BD735C"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Consideration of criminal history information consistent with qualifying background check law</header> <subparagraph id="idE236476C02044546B3B3CAAEC7DAA0E4"><enum>(A)</enum><header>In general</header><text>Notwithstanding any other provision of law, other than a provision described in subparagraph (B), consideration of the criminal history information of an individual for purposes of employment, occupational licensing, or occupational certification of the individual, or any similar purpose, that is required or authorized under any provision of Federal law shall be carried out in accordance with the requirements described in section 534(g)(3) of title 28, United States Code, as added by subsection (a).</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="id18B1BD1204BA4162A8BF284B3AE7DC39"><enum>(B)</enum><header>Exceptions</header><text>Subparagraph (A) shall not apply to the consideration of the criminal history information of an individual under any provision of law governing—</text> <clause id="idE34C947F8B044065B2684D39A786E472"><enum>(i)</enum><text>Federal employment;</text> </clause><clause id="id11B29076E5AD460D897A243BD1B5909F"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>the Armed Forces;</text> </clause><clause id="id09E2DF3A67834BC4A046372D332D4092"><enum>(iii)</enum><text>law enforcement; or</text> </clause><clause id="idF6F248E2D57442A99B3D81B1C637A53D"><enum>(iv)</enum><text>national security.</text> </clause></subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="idE8FE96AD4A344ED69EBB637C7C3ECE8A"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Relation to other law</header><text>Nothing in paragraph (1) shall be construed to supersede any other provision of Federal law that imposes requirements relating to the availability and use of criminal history information that is more favorable to an individual with a criminal history than the requirements described in section 534(g)(3) of title 28, United States Code, as added by subsection (a).</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="id4E1A1E7A18E74F19B3532A30088DFEBF"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Regulations</header><text>Not later than 180 days after the date of enactment of this Act, the head of an agency that administers a provision of law affected by paragraph (1) shall promulgate any regulations necessary to comply with that paragraph.</text> </paragraph></subsection><subsection id="id8F3AA95DC711476F80EAEBA7183C23C9"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Effective date</header><text>Subsections (a) and (b)(1), the amendments made by those subsections, and the regulations promulgated under subsection (b)(3) shall take effect on the date that is 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act.</text> </subsection></section><section id="id222017B109D04AFDAF91D266FFD9B881"><enum>803.</enum><header>Transparency and accountability study</header> <subsection id="id1DE0B9A2368F4BCDB41D5F02065C75AA"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Bureau of Justice Statistics annual study</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act, and each year thereafter, the Bureau of Justice Statistics shall conduct a study, and submit a report to Congress on that study, that—</text> <paragraph id="id45A66B4D467B4051958434E233B5FEF1"><enum>(1)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">collects data on the Federal and State laws that result in the disqualification of applicants for employment, an occupational license, or an occupational certification based on the criminal record of the applicant;</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="id2A06B2CD0BAA4AB2B65C4050B8120681"><enum>(2)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">focuses on the disqualifying offenses and the racial, gender, and ethnic profile of the applicants disqualified under the laws described in paragraph (1); and</text> </paragraph><paragraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="id08A913397725482AB2C7C336EE36CC8F"><enum>(3)</enum><text>examines the reversal rates and impact on employment opportunities that result from the procedures to appeal a potential disqualification from employment, an occupational license, or an occupational certification required under section 802 and the amendments made by that section.</text> </paragraph></subsection><subsection commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="idBE0740B08C5C40CB98B88E14A35E8900"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Data submission by Federal agencies and States</header><text>A State that wishes to access to a record as described in subsection (g)(2) of section 534 of title 28, United States Code, (as added by this title) and each Federal agency that administers a provision of law affected by section 802(b) shall regularly collect and submit to the Bureau of Justice Statistics, for purposes of the annual study under subsection (a) of this section, any applicable data described in subsection (a) of this section.</text> </subsection></section><enum>IX</enum><header>REDEEM Act</header> <section id="H67D85D7AF47243EC8BFC65EF220F2344" section-type="subsequent-section"><enum>901.</enum><header>Short title</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">This title may be cited as the <quote><short-title>Record Expungement Designed to Enhance Employment Act of 2019</short-title></quote> or the <quote><short-title>REDEEM Act</short-title></quote>.</text> </section><section id="H4808ACC447DE4114A2964ED35428D9FA"><enum>902.</enum><header>Sealing of criminal records</header> <subsection id="id446C5450963C4EAD8DCE76DF8780AD66"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Finding</header><text>Congress finds that the definition of the term <term>crime of violence</term> recommended by the United States Sentencing Commission in the report entitled <quote>Report to the Congress: Career Offender Sentencing Enhancements</quote>, published in August 2016, is clearer and more specific than the definitions currently used in title 18, United States Code, and should be used to determine the type of offenses eligible for sealing under the amendments made by this section.</text> </subsection><subsection id="H6978B2F8D6284D7EAC18C7A5851D3509"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Amendment</header><text><external-xref legal-doc="usc-chapter" parsable-cite="usc-chapter/18/229">Chapter 229</external-xref> of title 18, United States Code, is amended by adding at the end the following:</text> <quoted-block display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H76FD36E9B56444BD92D59026FFB1D459" style="USC"> <subchapter id="HD1F928489FB846149FB0DB15A3259534" style="OLC"><enum>E</enum><header>Sealing of Criminal Records</header><toc><toc-entry level="section">Sec. </toc-entry><toc-entry idref="H98BD276168B34FF5892DED2B00C86AEC" level="section">3641. Definitions; eligible individuals.</toc-entry><toc-entry bold="off" level="section">3642. Automatic sealing of records of nonviolent drug offenses.</toc-entry><toc-entry idref="HD79E997350F44453967D9F20AC26D538" level="section">3643. Sealing petition.</toc-entry><toc-entry idref="HFB2AEAE53CFF4D1392B07ECFCE69C708" level="section">3644. Effect of sealing order.</toc-entry></toc> <section id="H98BD276168B34FF5892DED2B00C86AEC"><enum>3641.</enum><header>Definitions; eligible individuals</header> <subsection id="H6F8A6F8870CA4A65A90AEB1A6E338F02"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Definitions</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">In this subchapter—</text> <paragraph id="H549A9F956B694636B6676DD54629F025"><enum>(1)</enum><text>the term <term>covered nonviolent offense</term> means a Federal criminal offense that is not—</text> <subparagraph id="H4C4C71153403431E880A008EE75CA3AD"><enum>(A)</enum><text>a crime of violence; or</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="H7131AEDEC8D24F7585E5F23943311642"><enum>(B)</enum><text>a sex offense, as defined in section 111 of the Sex Offender Registration and Notification Act (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/34/20911">34 U.S.C. 20911</external-xref>);</text> </subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="id3EA0CA5908AB4B8AB1AA8043FB03414E"><enum>(2)</enum><text>the term <term>crime of violence</term> means any offense under Federal or State law, punishable by imprisonment for a term exceeding 1 year, that—</text> <subparagraph id="id6eed95e2046f480da9056b135447f8ab"><enum>(A)</enum><text>has as an element the use, attempted use, or threatened use of physical force against the person of another; or</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="id937e112a5b894b808f87af6239703118"><enum>(B)</enum><text>is—</text> <clause id="idE81D4125DEED4222B2671923D32953FD"><enum>(i)</enum><text>murder;</text> </clause><clause id="id64A3C6D4A5494181A4E27341306C383A"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>voluntary manslaughter;</text> </clause><clause id="idA33979D1E0B04E9681BCC112CAA49A4B"><enum>(iii)</enum><text>kidnapping;</text> </clause><clause id="id56989F5BB4E24AF3BC89E38A34FC4B83"><enum>(iv)</enum><text>aggravated assault;</text> </clause><clause id="id29B4E3A7BFC84C748E7A0EF373EB8A7A"><enum>(v)</enum><text>a forcible sex offense;</text> </clause><clause id="id19E5031345E8477991F70D7399A691D3"><enum>(vi)</enum><text>robbery;</text> </clause><clause id="id91602D32CBB14C86936BEB5124986FA0"><enum>(vii)</enum><text>arson;</text> </clause><clause id="idC3251CEB9549440C85C893C1391D7A0F"><enum>(viii)</enum><text>extortion; or</text> </clause><clause id="id7E8BD03251E34BDCA0A36D2EA1C6EC22"><enum>(ix)</enum><text>the use or unlawful possession of—</text> <subclause id="idE59A4D0B8CA645A18CFB9288B607BB0C"><enum>(I)</enum><text>a firearm, as defined in <external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/26/5845">section 5845(a)</external-xref> of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986; or</text> </subclause><subclause id="id943715FD1F9141868B2D80339F8001AF"><enum>(II)</enum><text>explosive materials, as defined in section 841(c);</text> </subclause></clause></subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="HA9E1634D4559440B990A4C2CA2E41306"><enum>(3)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">the term <term>eligible individual</term> means an individual who—</text> <subparagraph id="HC091E467C6474D83BDD356B516B11519"><enum>(A)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">has been arrested for or convicted of a covered nonviolent offense;</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="H8D472D4B1A62431389A85094718C0EB7"><enum>(B)</enum><text>in the case of a conviction described in subparagraph (A), has fulfilled each requirement of the sentence for the covered nonviolent offense, including—</text> <clause id="H36E7CACF382B44BD953A5E3D0C03952D"><enum>(i)</enum><text>completing each term of imprisonment, probation, or supervised release; and</text> </clause><clause id="HF974D71BF1714FA3858A98F803CB1C5D"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>satisfying each condition of imprisonment, probation, or supervised release;</text> </clause></subparagraph><subparagraph id="H4B3D3395947141C79574EF197A3C2A64"><enum>(C)</enum><text>subject to subsection (b), has not been convicted of more than 2 felonies that are covered nonviolent offenses, including any such convictions that have been sealed; and</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="H65FF3421FB354A30958BAB65D3E05C44"><enum>(D)</enum><text>has not been convicted of any felony that is not a covered nonviolent offense;</text> </subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H4DF5EDDA091746ECA9EDCD57C8ED7589"><enum>(4)</enum><text>the term <term>petitioner</term> means an individual who files a sealing petition;</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="H4D6A02D0588040528745FFD26BC1B3D7"><enum>(5)</enum><text>the term <term>protected information</term>, with respect to a covered nonviolent offense, means any reference to—</text> <subparagraph id="H63535A81541F43749C64EE0355D64CFA"><enum>(A)</enum><text>an arrest, conviction, or sentence of an individual for the offense;</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="H5851B366A34C496AB5F531BF0E0E1CB6"><enum>(B)</enum><text>the institution of criminal proceedings against an individual for the offense; or</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="HF894F9B1583C41459409DB15611AE83F"><enum>(C)</enum><text>the result of criminal proceedings described in subparagraph (B);</text> </subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H1EDB6B875C604397B91A26F868C47B41"><enum>(6)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">the term <term>seal</term>—</text> <subparagraph id="HA2DD08DF9FE249929B5D76C69D5F5BE4"><enum>(A)</enum><text>means—</text> <clause id="H5172ED14FB1F465ABAF75BF0BB20692E"><enum>(i)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">to close a record from public viewing so that the record cannot be examined except by court order; and</text> </clause><clause id="H02D4B41D86C442F185BD0FA7CBAC65DB"><enum>(ii)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">to physically seal the record shut and label the record <quote>SEALED</quote> or, in the case of an electronic record, the substantive equivalent; and</text> </clause></subparagraph><subparagraph id="H1AE6B2570FCC4A9189A32B7AD2191E42"><enum>(B)</enum><text>has the effect described in section 3644, including—</text> <clause id="H878A1E768FBA493BBF548E0A251E65BB"><enum>(i)</enum><text>the right to treat the offense to which a sealed record relates, and any arrest, criminal proceeding, conviction, or sentence relating to the offense, as if it never occurred; and</text> </clause><clause id="H11E5713901BA4C4EB14010AAD5A70287"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>protection from civil and criminal perjury, false swearing, and false statement laws with respect to a sealed record;</text> </clause></subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H6B740FE55FB643019EECD9305C7FBA66"><enum>(7)</enum><text>the term <term>sealing hearing</term> means a hearing held under section 3643(b)(2); and</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="H5DA7208C9EE244F0929FB1A64180C89F"><enum>(8)</enum><text>the term <term>sealing petition</term> means a petition for a sealing order filed under section 3643(a).</text> </paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H846BF1D16ECE4F81868837023A1FD423"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Eligible individuals</header> <paragraph id="HF920FA4235CE44FEA520A7CC92152392"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Multiple convictions deemed to be one conviction</header><text>For purposes of subsection (a)(2)(C)—</text> <subparagraph id="HA53D64D1670E433291812C81096B9FEE"><enum>(A)</enum><text>multiple convictions shall be deemed to be 1 conviction if the convictions result from or relate to—</text> <clause id="H2F18C8E30664419E97CB4626881AF064"><enum>(i)</enum><text>the same act; or</text> </clause><clause id="H5777A65C4EC14FD582FE0E40E4A74900"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>acts committed at the same time; and</text> </clause></subparagraph><subparagraph id="HBDBE086CCD504402A6906D67AE78F992"><enum>(B)</enum><text>subject to paragraph (2), multiple convictions, not to exceed 3, that do not result from or relate to the same act or acts committed at the same time shall be deemed to be 1 conviction if the convictions—</text> <clause id="H9D5AB99DF70D4FC28361D6E30EDA33D7"><enum>(i)</enum><text>result from or relate to—</text> <subclause id="HD7189995627F441C973C433C6CD8FB7A"><enum>(I)</enum><text>the same—</text> <item id="HE8B05EEFFA384087BC891701125FAC29"><enum>(aa)</enum><text>indictment, information, or complaint;</text> </item><item id="H82A38E1F3E514BC4A22E21DA583559DB"><enum>(bb)</enum><text>plea of guilty; or</text> </item><item id="HF01BEC5BD54242A0BCFC9B037365426F"><enum>(cc)</enum><text>official proceeding; or</text> </item></subclause><subclause id="H68A1D5DE7D5F4A699FEFA07268726469"><enum>(II)</enum><text>related criminal acts that were committed within a 3-month period; or</text> </subclause></clause><clause id="H6D2F25AA0D67423D997077E6F1C385C8"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>are determined to be directly related to addiction or a substance use disorder.</text> </clause></subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="HA9EF734473B9437491CBB747A72CEF21"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Discretion of court</header> <subparagraph id="H75522460DF844BD4A209C12F0DA3CA49"><enum>(A)</enum><header>In general</header><text>A court reviewing a sealing petition may determine that it is not in the public interest to deem multiple convictions described in paragraph (1)(B) to be 1 conviction.</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="HE963E6F8A1774E68AB6E6CC142D09377"><enum>(B)</enum><header>Reasoning</header><text>If a court makes a determination under subparagraph (A), the court shall make available to the public the reasoning for the determination.</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="HD9D46E00BD894AD5A8E9FB1621DAA779"><enum>(C)</enum><header>Reporting</header><text>Not later than 2 years after the date of enactment of this subchapter, and each year thereafter, each district court of the United States shall submit to the appropriate committees of Congress a report that describes the exercise of discretion by the court under subparagraph (B), with all relevant data disaggregated by race, ethnicity, gender, and the nature of the offense.</text> </subparagraph></paragraph></subsection></section><section id="id16A06F16E0F54CC5996EB31253473107"><enum>3642.</enum><header>Automatic sealing of records of nonviolent drug offenses</header> <subsection id="id919E051723AC454DB3918EDAA97AAB9F"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Definition</header><text>In this section, the term <term>convicted of a nonviolent drug offense</term>, with respect to an individual—</text> <paragraph id="id5D33E9AD6AD74D5AB632ECD50B6A1C0E"><enum>(1)</enum><text>means the individual is convicted of a covered nonviolent offense that is an offense under the Controlled Substances Act (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/21/801">21 U.S.C. 801</external-xref> et seq.), the Controlled Substances Import and Export Act (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/21/951">21 U.S.C. 951</external-xref> et seq.), or <external-xref legal-doc="usc-chapter" parsable-cite="usc-chapter/46/705">chapter 705</external-xref> of title 46; and</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="idCFE08183D34F4DCEB011311A56E98A71"><enum>(2)</enum><text>does not include a conviction with respect to which the court applied a sentencing enhancement under section 2D1.1(b)(2) of the Federal sentencing guidelines (relating to the use of violence or the threat or direction to use violence).</text> </paragraph></subsection><subsection id="id466F7C026D83468A9F2408AD978142FC"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Automatic sealing</header><text>Five years after the date on which an eligible individual who is convicted of a nonviolent drug offense completes every term of imprisonment, probation, or supervised release ordered by the court with respect to the offense, the court shall order the sealing of each record or portion thereof that relates to the offense if the individual—</text> <paragraph commented="no" id="id78650BBAF459459FAB72D037F0D33D57"><enum>(1)</enum><text>has not been convicted of a crime or adjudicated delinquent for an act of juvenile delinquency since the date of the conviction; and</text> </paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="id1588DA6B85A94859B85B1CCCD038451B"><enum>(2)</enum><text>is not engaged in active criminal court proceedings or juvenile delinquency proceedings.</text> </paragraph></subsection><subsection id="id7000EB49098442D0A84D43F676625A42"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Automatic nature of sealing</header><text>The order of sealing under subsection (b) shall require no action by the individual whose records are to be sealed.</text> </subsection><subsection id="id79D4E7C377B94489B3F2B347862EF5A0"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Notice of automatic sealing</header><text>A court that orders the sealing of a record of an individual under subsection (b) shall, in writing, inform the individual of the sealing and the benefits of sealing the record, including protection from civil and criminal perjury, false swearing, and false statement laws with respect to the record.</text> </subsection><subsection id="id5236FCD3D3CF4121BD20FD4803E68973"><enum>(e)</enum><header>Relation to other laws</header><text>Automatic sealing under subsection (b) shall not apply to a conviction for a marijuana use or possession offense that is expunged under section 203(c) of the <short-title>Marijuana Justice Act of 2019</short-title>.</text> </subsection></section><section id="HD79E997350F44453967D9F20AC26D538"><enum>3643.</enum><header>Sealing petition</header> <subsection id="H26B974D11FA44BA4AD992D6E703C04B2"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Right To file sealing petition</header> <paragraph id="HF5038A8A3F2F473C91C34B8D222B3DC8"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">On and after the date described in paragraph (2), an eligible individual may file a petition for a sealing order with respect to a covered nonviolent offense in a district court of the United States.</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="HFBC9BD51F52A4AC1A27A617ECA471437"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Dates</header><text>The date described in this paragraph is—</text> <subparagraph id="H92AE9C272F57401D8081B8E36B43757A"><enum>(A)</enum><text>for an eligible individual who is convicted of a covered nonviolent offense and sentenced to a term of imprisonment, probation, or supervised release, the date that is 1 year after the date on which the eligible individual has completed every such term of imprisonment, probation, or supervised release; and</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="HAF7DCF21267A401ABA0BCFCD29DC0E32"><enum>(B)</enum><text>for an eligible individual not described in subparagraph (A), the date on which the case relating to the covered nonviolent offense is disposed of.</text> </subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H81A9D154C3F04D85BACC6EA6F61C4785"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Notice of opportunity to file petition</header> <subparagraph id="H4FB7F035E39346518F5554A8C2103A45"><enum>(A)</enum><header>Convicted individuals</header> <clause id="HB46F276F62424F9C9A543356737F1CAD"><enum>(i)</enum><header>In general</header><text>If an individual is convicted of a covered nonviolent offense and will potentially be eligible to file a sealing petition with respect to the offense upon fulfilling each requirement of the sentence for the offense as described in section 3641(a)(2)(B), the court in which the individual is convicted shall, in writing, inform the individual, on each date described in clause (ii), of—</text> <subclause id="H82D1435DA90E4D3F86D200AA75306A8E"><enum>(I)</enum><text>that potential eligibility;</text> </subclause><subclause id="HA05DC2F9C05848C7BC1D5B657FDD8D0B"><enum>(II)</enum><text>the necessary procedures for filing the sealing petition; and</text> </subclause><subclause id="H62C122EAE5674299BC6133C9E4E81307"><enum>(III)</enum><text>the benefits of sealing a record, including protection from civil and criminal perjury, false swearing, and false statement laws with respect to the record.</text> </subclause></clause><clause id="HC8D0757E01D9431EA7A30AE3C5350F57"><enum>(ii)</enum><header>Dates</header><text>The dates described in this clause are—</text> <subclause id="H149851BBF5F142A1BFDBC0FC202A9A6A"><enum>(I)</enum><text>the date on which the individual is convicted; and</text> </subclause><subclause id="H9C1970FC571146EDB1F81D1831E3A00C"><enum>(II)</enum><text>the date on which the individual has completed every term of imprisonment, probation, or supervised release relating to the offense.</text> </subclause></clause></subparagraph><subparagraph id="HB748DE76E56B4149B5F05B25D7945757"><enum>(B)</enum><header>Individuals not convicted</header> <clause id="H0BAB18FBFA0B498B90EC2E530A94D9E9"><enum>(i)</enum><header>Arrest only</header><text>If an individual is arrested for a covered nonviolent offense, criminal proceedings are not instituted against the individual for the offense, and the individual is potentially eligible to file a sealing petition with respect to the offense, on the date on which the case relating to the offense is disposed of, the arresting authority shall, in writing, inform the individual of—</text> <subclause id="H1F48A5273FE94B5BA302F037EB21C58D"><enum>(I)</enum><text>that potential eligibility;</text> </subclause><subclause id="H612F9FB5557C4D0E90709160022F6A99"><enum>(II)</enum><text>the necessary procedures for filing the sealing petition; and</text> </subclause><subclause id="H0EE6262415494C79911850044CFDFD0F"><enum>(III)</enum><text>the benefits of sealing a record, including protection from civil and criminal perjury, false swearing, and false statement laws with respect to the record.</text> </subclause></clause><clause id="HA03C4D43C31D4894852B40B25F0209B0"><enum>(ii)</enum><header>Court proceedings</header><text>If an individual is arrested for a covered nonviolent offense, criminal proceedings are instituted against the individual for the offense, the individual is not convicted of the offense, and the individual is potentially eligible to file a sealing petition with respect to the offense, on the date on which the case relating to the offense is disposed of, the court in which the criminal proceedings take place shall, in writing, inform the individual of—</text> <subclause id="H364160D8F1BD47A29CBAF03E0FE515B5"><enum>(I)</enum><text>that potential eligibility;</text> </subclause><subclause id="H7E5F770E329E43188E5C734C0E7F010D"><enum>(II)</enum><text>the necessary procedures for filing the sealing petition; and</text> </subclause><subclause id="H111DF23C91BD4336A1D4D81495A71C07"><enum>(III)</enum><text>the benefits of sealing a record, including protection from civil and criminal perjury, false swearing, and false statement laws with respect to the record.</text> </subclause></clause></subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HFC03ED4CEC2140B9A32E31F81F161802"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Procedures</header> <paragraph id="HC3DE3073A189415B91DC9FBBDFB489FA"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Notification to prosecutor</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">If an individual files a petition under subsection (a) with respect to a covered nonviolent offense or arrest for a covered nonviolent offense, the district court in which the petition is filed shall provide notice of the petition—</text> <subparagraph id="HFFB45627099543038F243C747F8F976D"><enum>(A)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">to the office of the United States attorney that prosecuted or would have prosecuted the petitioner for the offense; and</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="HEABDF504C9194A83970558732C1F11DD"><enum>(B)</enum><text>upon the request of the petitioner, to any other individual that the petitioner determines may testify as to the—</text> <clause id="H6F283858C3874E9C9471EF6FD211FBC9"><enum>(i)</enum><text>conduct of the petitioner since the date of the offense or arrest; or</text> </clause><clause id="H9C344FE5F51B4A6A9BE687711C6D9DE3"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>reasons that the sealing order should be entered.</text> </clause></subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="HEC441538D1DD4F538ACAF66010F3BAD5"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Hearing</header> <subparagraph id="H366D4B9C03184CB7AD8FA03A8672BF5D"><enum>(A)</enum><header>In general</header><text>Not later than 180 days after the date on which an individual files a sealing petition, the district court shall—</text> <clause id="H1BCE898489CE4FFBB48BA3CE8DEB61E4"><enum>(i)</enum><text>except as provided in subparagraph (D), conduct a hearing in accordance with subparagraph (B); and</text> </clause><clause id="HD10E89B15F454ADBB42E9399C61CE4FB"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>determine whether to enter a sealing order for the individual in accordance with paragraph (3).</text> </clause></subparagraph><subparagraph id="HB03A8B268E414C44A8B950D1BA0E1A06"><enum>(B)</enum><header>Opportunity to testify and offer evidence</header> <clause id="HF25E8071015244A2B5955AE2759D434E"><enum>(i)</enum><header>Petitioner</header><text>The petitioner may testify or offer evidence at the sealing hearing in support of sealing.</text> </clause><clause id="HFCEB4EFE05514901BF5219C4C50EAB33"><enum>(ii)</enum><header>Prosecutor</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The office of a United States attorney that receives notice under paragraph (1)(A) may send a representative to testify or offer evidence at the sealing hearing in support of or against sealing.</text> </clause><clause id="HE734E601BA5A4713AD7D5A24C9B6B8A5"><enum>(iii)</enum><header>Other individuals</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">An individual who receives notice under paragraph (1)(B) may testify or offer evidence at the sealing hearing as to the issues described in clauses (i) and (ii) of that paragraph.</text> </clause></subparagraph><subparagraph id="H7A31ED20B7554CFD9DEAF2CDCA78E578"><enum>(C)</enum><header>Magistrate judges</header><text>A magistrate judge may preside over a hearing under this paragraph.</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" id="H881F4C127C294794B920278B72375522"><enum>(D)</enum><header>Waiver of hearing</header><text>If the petitioner and the United States attorney that receives notice under paragraph (1)(A) so agree, the court shall make a determination under paragraph (3) without a hearing.</text> </subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="HB937FFC18F034B88A052B8911ADA254A"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Basis for decision</header> <subparagraph commented="no" id="HE4CE2F9DE9C240778F8C96F03DC88C77"><enum>(A)</enum><header>In general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">In determining whether to enter a sealing order with respect to protected information relating to a covered nonviolent offense, the court—</text> <clause commented="no" id="H71E565379B3C4FDA99DE88AD7D77D62F"><enum>(i)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">shall consider—</text> <subclause commented="no" id="HA45C8B8B75C94E879346566B8A4B077D"><enum>(I)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">the petition and any documents in the possession of the court; and</text> </subclause><subclause commented="no" id="HB9E1D97BDB0D4752AA425BEEDB654139"><enum>(II)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">all the evidence and testimony presented at the sealing hearing, if such a hearing is conducted;</text> </subclause></clause><clause commented="no" id="H0D8BA13ADF0743FA86CFC8BAB3ED2502"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>may not consider any non-Federal nonviolent crimes for which the petitioner has been arrested or proceeded against, or of which the petitioner has been convicted; and</text> </clause><clause commented="no" id="H9F1CA836FF134414B2AE4BE62E9B6303"><enum>(iii)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">shall balance—</text> <subclause commented="no" id="HC2E892660CB541ED89E399746DAFEC42"><enum>(I)</enum><item commented="no" display-inline="yes-display-inline" id="HF8B6806FB42E4A948CB1C648656186B4"><enum>(aa)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">the interest of public knowledge and safety; and</text> </item><item commented="no" id="H8D1802EF96C54FFBA6FBA4E51E34F3B2" indent="up1"><enum>(bb)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">the legitimate interest, if any, of the Government in maintaining the accessibility of the protected information, including any potential impact of sealing the protected information on Federal licensure, permit, or employment restrictions; against</text> </item></subclause><subclause commented="no" id="HBE01036A5DF14B5286DABA9E57BFF686"><enum>(II)</enum><item commented="no" display-inline="yes-display-inline" id="H15BBC920F2F04B2DB84B789B443AC2E4"><enum>(aa)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">the conduct and demonstrated desire of the petitioner to be rehabilitated and positively contribute to the community; and</text> </item><item commented="no" id="HC6CFD43C077B49E3B8F8F66672F871FE" indent="up1"><enum>(bb)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">the interest of the petitioner in having the protected information sealed, including the harm of the protected information to the ability of the petitioner to secure and maintain employment.</text> </item></subclause></clause></subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" id="HE90ED569D0F44C3FA90B565F4C59EB03"><enum>(B)</enum><header>Burden on Government</header><text>The burden shall be on the Government to show that the interests under subclause (I) of subparagraph (A)(iii) outweigh the interests of the petitioner under subclause (II) of that subparagraph.</text> </subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H8B82583FE3B641F1AEEC3F05944EF0C3"><enum>(4)</enum><header>Waiting period after denial</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">If the district court denies a sealing petition, the petitioner may not file a new sealing petition with respect to the same offense until the date that is 2 years after the date of the denial.</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="H41AC1C688AB5464DB7134C997699F6E7"><enum>(5)</enum><header>Universal form</header><text>The Director of the Administrative Office of the United States Courts shall create a universal form, available over the internet and in paper form, that an individual may use to file a sealing petition.</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="HD59ACEF84A234E88BFE5E93696897C80"><enum>(6)</enum><header>Fee waiver</header><text>The Director of the Administrative Office of the United States Courts shall by regulation establish a minimally burdensome process under which indigent petitioners may obtain a waiver of any fee for filing a sealing petition.</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="H6EF4C1DD7692456D8F789AFDEBEA5C6B"><enum>(7)</enum><header>Reporting</header><text>Not later than 2 years after the date of enactment of this subchapter, and each year thereafter, each district court of the United States shall issue a public report that—</text> <subparagraph id="H06A7041331EC4F7697529A8178E22437"><enum>(A)</enum><text>describes—</text> <clause id="H66583C650D2A46188B30D729ACF8A983"><enum>(i)</enum><text>the number of sealing petitions granted and denied under this section; and</text> </clause><clause id="H637879EED652436585D2D7284B94CB0E"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>the number of instances in which the office of a United States attorney supported or opposed a sealing petition;</text> </clause></subparagraph><subparagraph id="HEF5D6856C1FA47F89E5E0B34C80D4C7B"><enum>(B)</enum><text>includes any supporting data that the court determines relevant and that does not name any petitioner; and</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="HAF77DA8BBFC84DF89D8E54A00622BA3C"><enum>(C)</enum><text>disaggregates all relevant data by race, ethnicity, gender, and the nature of the offense.</text> </subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H5F48F31E5DCE4332AC6F2DEF6FA5847F"><enum>(8)</enum><header>Public defender eligibility</header> <subparagraph id="HBF7ABCFB4C62469A9C2A20D154D36DEF"><enum>(A)</enum><header>In general</header><text>The district court may, in its discretion, appoint counsel in accordance with the plan of the district court in operation under section 3006A to represent a petitioner for purposes of this section.</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="HBC222EEFE64C4548A80D3A32831C9263"><enum>(B)</enum><header>Considerations</header><text>In making a determination whether to appoint counsel under subparagraph (A), the court shall consider—</text> <clause id="H79C6F052CA7E4738A79DEF6AAC834C51"><enum>(i)</enum><text>the anticipated complexity of the sealing hearing, including the number and type of witnesses called to advocate against the sealing of the protected information of the petitioner; and</text> </clause><clause id="H90A4D8D63D0146DE91072C7DDB8AA9BC"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>the potential for adverse testimony by a victim or a representative of the office of the United States attorney.</text> </clause></subparagraph></paragraph></subsection></section><section id="HFB2AEAE53CFF4D1392B07ECFCE69C708"><enum>3644.</enum><header>Effect of sealing order</header> <subsection id="H0280B1AD93F7444287B327C3000BC648"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Except as provided in this section, if a district court of the United States enters a sealing order with respect to a covered nonviolent offense, the offense and any arrest, criminal proceeding, conviction, or sentence relating to the offense shall be treated as if it never occurred.</text> </subsection><subsection id="H11D4C243CDAC44E8A8870D6D6EA481A8"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Verification of sealing</header><text>If a district court of the United States enters a sealing order with respect to a covered nonviolent offense, the court shall—</text> <paragraph id="H4100EC4D51324D07BA18FCA7BF3777F9"><enum>(1)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">send a copy of the sealing order to each entity or person known to the court that possesses a record containing protected information that relates to the offense, including each—</text> <subparagraph id="H55C20971C4D24D76AD2E7FAC615210A5"><enum>(A)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">law enforcement agency; and</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="HCC67A86B1195460CABF667FC6E703D98"><enum>(B)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">public or private correctional or detention facility;</text> </subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H2F36BFFE59CA4D8B8177567424F43496"><enum>(2)</enum><text>in the sealing order, require each entity or person described in paragraph (1) to—</text> <subparagraph id="H7171CAD3DB724C10B0E5E1B861BF05C7"><enum>(A)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">seal the record in accordance with this section; and</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="H3D6229A0A19148EFBAF2863DB2FC38AC"><enum>(B)</enum><text>submit a written certification to the court, under penalty of perjury, that the entity or person has sealed each paper and electronic copy of the record;</text> </subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H6617605F8F764398A33D55FAAAD137D5"><enum>(3)</enum><text>seal each paper and electronic copy of the record in the possession of the court; and</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="H92252A4AC50F4526B46CDA0747532477"><enum>(4)</enum><text>after receiving a written certification from each entity or person under paragraph (2)(B), notify the petitioner that each entity or person described in paragraph (1) has sealed each paper and electronic copy of the record.</text> </paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HF1DF5D0271594B2CAF6D5709DE9B1C5C"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Protection from perjury laws</header><text>Except as provided in subsection (f)(3)(A), a petitioner with respect to whom a sealing order has been entered for a covered nonviolent offense shall not be subject to prosecution under any civil or criminal provision of Federal or State law relating to perjury, false swearing, or making a false statement, including section 1001, 1621, 1622, or 1623, for failing to recite or acknowledge any protected information with respect to the offense or respond to any inquiry made of the petitioner, relating to the protected information, for any purpose.</text> </subsection><subsection id="H78A503449E5945E78DB8095C6E54CFB2"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Attorney General nonpublic records</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The Attorney General—</text> <paragraph id="H931FB1A326534EFE8A58FD0CE9D85A8E"><enum>(1)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">shall maintain a nonpublic record of all protected information that has been sealed under this subchapter; and</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="HBA88B2450DDE49CDA0C67BF9A365A23B"><enum>(2)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">may access or use protected information only—</text> <subparagraph id="H9B5F4C2CD6454B808B742ED1D246C4CA"><enum>(A)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">for legitimate investigative purposes;</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="H14E45656A94142FB8018A1DD5BFBBD7D"><enum>(B)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">in defense of any civil suit arising out of the facts of the arrest or subsequent proceedings; or</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="HB456449F11E749D19E1F81C4C2FAF475"><enum>(C)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">if the Attorney General determines that disclosure is necessary to serve the interests of justice, public safety, or national security.</text> </subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H56D0DB51B1F44FAEA2DD48CE7F5C5377"><enum>(e)</enum><header>Law enforcement access</header><text>A Federal or State law enforcement agency may access a record that is sealed under this subchapter solely—</text> <paragraph id="HD10CD0E24F6641B3ABADE4623E1ED0AD"><enum>(1)</enum><text>to determine whether the individual to whom the record relates is eligible for a first-time-offender diversion program;</text> </paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="H03411EF906414BCF95AF442AD18D5B61"><enum>(2)</enum><text>for investigatory, prosecutorial, or Federal supervision purposes; or</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="H83D98019DE5149B5A407A7334B5BC931"><enum>(3)</enum><text>for a background check that relates to law enforcement employment or any employment that requires a government security clearance.</text> </paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HCB31AE915BFA46C19EF26E494CFD164E"><enum>(f)</enum><header>Prohibition on disclosure</header> <paragraph id="HD9521BC21F2C4A9892CF19E0AD8605F5"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Prohibition</header><text>Except as provided in paragraph (3), it shall be unlawful to intentionally make or attempt to make an unauthorized disclosure of any protected information from a record that has been sealed under this subchapter.</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="H31E25FFACF6047E7A3A461A27F98567B"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Penalty</header><text>Any person who violates paragraph (1) shall be fined under this title, imprisoned for not more than 1 year, or both.</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="HDB6FC700DBF5404CA0AF15D2FB4E308A"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Exceptions</header> <subparagraph id="HB0D794E5B496463FBEDB4F883EB46C33"><enum>(A)</enum><header>Background checks</header><text>An individual who is the subject of a record sealed under this subchapter shall, and a Federal or State law enforcement agency that possesses such a record may, disclose the record in the case of a background check for—</text> <clause id="H85E64E4CDB8D4B8FB340408FD3454657"><enum>(i)</enum><text>law enforcement employment; or</text> </clause><clause id="HBA65AD7FF5D8452687D656873E415D22"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>any position that a Federal agency designates as a—</text> <subclause id="H0117CE25684E4DBD9CFE0407759CDCF7"><enum>(I)</enum><text>national security position; or</text> </subclause><subclause id="H05FD7F5AD3E84275B11FC78EE67AD88D"><enum>(II)</enum><text>high-risk, public trust position.</text> </subclause></clause></subparagraph><subparagraph id="H6B7644AF3C824046BE02CCB43B2542EE"><enum>(B)</enum><header>Disclosure to Armed Forces</header><text>A person may disclose protected information from a record sealed under this subchapter to the Secretaries of the military departments (or the Secretary of Homeland Security with respect to the Coast Guard when it is not operating as a service in the Navy) for the purpose of vetting an enlistment or commission, or with regard to any member of the Armed Forces.</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="HFB08ED3BA8B34EAD9399A075A60DF035"><enum>(C)</enum><header>Criminal and juvenile proceedings</header><text>A prosecutor may disclose protected information from a record sealed under this subchapter if the information pertains to a potential witness in a Federal or State—</text> <clause id="HE7D7BD367FB64D8890987BDF939D3296"><enum>(i)</enum><text>criminal proceeding; or</text> </clause><clause id="H5EEE3D9B5AD44C3889975A34FD25E609"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>juvenile delinquency proceeding.</text> </clause></subparagraph><subparagraph id="H93376D8472FD4DE28FCA496FA8455E89"><enum>(D)</enum><header>Authorization for individual to disclose own record</header><text>An individual who is the subject of a record sealed under this subchapter may choose to disclose the record.</text></subparagraph></paragraph></subsection></section></subchapter><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block> </subsection><subsection id="HB9A3E469800B40CE85861A65B30C27DB"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Applicability</header><text>Sections 3642 and 3643 of title 18, United States Code, as added by subsection (b), shall apply with respect to a covered nonviolent offense (as defined in section 3641(a) of such title) that is committed or alleged to have been committed before, on, or after the date of enactment of this Act.</text> </subsection><subsection id="H5A8B834F6B8C407EA7D81DA2869FC3FA"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Transition period for hearings deadline</header><text>During the 1-year period beginning on the date of enactment of this Act, section 3643(b)(2)(A) of title 18, United States Code, as added by subsection (b), shall be applied by substituting <quote>1 year</quote> for <quote>180 days</quote>.</text> </subsection><subsection id="H9C013BD173494900A72B5F983937E924"><enum>(e)</enum><header>Technical and conforming amendment</header><text>The table of subchapters for <external-xref legal-doc="usc-chapter" parsable-cite="usc-chapter/18/229">chapter 229</external-xref> of title 18, United States Code, is amended by adding at the end the following:</text> <quoted-block display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H22EFBA440C1545C59721896AA9659C1C" style="OLC"><toc><multi-column-toc-entry bold="on" level="subchapter"><toc-enum>E.</toc-enum><level-header level="subchapter"> Sealing of Criminal Records</level-header><target>3641</target></multi-column-toc-entry></toc><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block> </subsection></section><section id="HC38ADCC1A56F4C0994ECE4E4899A3B8D"><enum>903.</enum><header>Juvenile sealing and expungement</header> <subsection id="HDF38F762E6744B749C290B0AD7724F4A"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Purpose</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The purpose of this section is to—</text> <paragraph id="H928ACED33F8A48E8958190472B6FC565"><enum>(1)</enum><text>protect children and adults against damage stemming from their juvenile acts and subsequent juvenile delinquency records, including law enforcement, arrest, and court records; and</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="HB18E802044DA42F79747F8FCF8C13572"><enum>(2)</enum><text>prevent the unauthorized use or disclosure of confidential juvenile delinquency records and any potential employment, financial, psychological, or other harm that would result from such unauthorized use or disclosure.</text> </paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HEC4AB848112A410AAA3D50841554C3EA"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Definitions</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Section 5031 of title 18, United States Code, is amended to read as follows:</text> <quoted-block display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H0E16A3D5A43E416FAC2EF922690B9082" style="USC"> <section id="HF9818EDA819449729012D9E117DB2425"><enum>5031.</enum><header>Definitions</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">In this chapter—</text> <paragraph id="HD8BDB133BDDB4A7588903CDBDE188CD1"><enum>(1)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">the term <term>adjudication</term> means a determination by a judge that a person committed an act of juvenile delinquency;</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="HE06556B30F9B456D9A669216E85B6816"><enum>(2)</enum><text>the term <term>conviction</term> means a judgment or disposition in criminal court against a person following a finding of guilt by a judge or jury;</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="HEADAE0B6E8ED459F9B733D2BC2299A3F"><enum>(3)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">the term <term>destroy</term> means to render a file unreadable, whether paper, electronic, or otherwise stored, by shredding, pulverizing, pulping, incinerating, overwriting, reformatting the media, or other means;</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="H758FEC1CA14847788261B1B3A31724D9"><enum>(4)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">the term <term>expunge</term>—</text> <subparagraph id="HA3E7217C437E4EE8BFB85E5FCE9FDB96"><enum>(A)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">means to destroy a record and obliterate the name of the person to whom the record pertains from each official index or public record; and</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="H3B7CA13CF13F4138BECFB5C6B0548FE3"><enum>(B)</enum><text>has the effect described in section 5045(c), including—</text> <clause id="H5E49B9406BF24BE3B6133A7F820AF104"><enum>(i)</enum><text>the right to treat an offense to which an expunged record relates, and any arrest, juvenile delinquency proceeding, adjudication, or other result of such proceeding relating to the offense, as if it never occurred; and</text> </clause><clause id="HA13ED9F3A6934E66A4106C8AA6EC42E0"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>protection from civil and criminal perjury, false swearing, and false statement laws with respect to an expunged record;</text> </clause></subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H282B31E345CB4F0E92F21BF586937D2D"><enum>(5)</enum><text>the term <term>expungement hearing</term> means a hearing held under section 5045(b)(2)(B);</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="H8DF09802D405437F84074118D0217E00"><enum>(6)</enum><text>the term <term>expungement petition</term> means a petition for expungement filed under section 5045(b);</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="H167FE05D55E6437DB6B505205DB41097"><enum>(7)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">the term <term>juvenile</term> means—</text> <subparagraph id="H57C0B8A880024E6AAEBA54C6ED85110F"><enum>(A)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">except as provided in subparagraph (B), a person who has not attained the age of 18; and</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="H684EC4A215D54853A23DC313B41905F7"><enum>(B)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">for the purpose of proceedings and disposition under this chapter for an alleged act of juvenile delinquency, a person who has not attained the age of 21;</text> </subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="HF8C21B115C2F4630A0873040D29B5AAD"><enum>(8)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">the term <term>juvenile delinquency</term> means the violation of a law of the United States committed by a person before attaining the age of 18 which would have been a crime if committed by an adult, or a violation by such a person of section 922(x);</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="HE4D8778000A1446B848B96046D325363"><enum>(9)</enum><text>the term <term>juvenile nonviolent offense</term> means an act of juvenile delinquency that is not—</text> <subparagraph id="HACF507B140544F48AAF1E4031090B1A3"><enum>(A)</enum><text>a violent crime (as defined in section 103 of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 1974 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/34/11103">34 U.S.C. 11103</external-xref>)); or</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="H8A7D5EE223DF4985A49E85CE2C0D4DBD"><enum>(B)</enum><text>a sex offense (as defined in section 111 of the Sex Offender Registration and Notification Act (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/34/20911">34 U.S.C. 20911</external-xref>));</text> </subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="HB6EFCA2C1B73407296E82CF72C04BB7F"><enum>(10)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">the term <term>juvenile record</term>—</text> <subparagraph id="HF6C1D669775243DEA05D1BDF906D5F26"><enum>(A)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">means a record maintained by a court, the probation system, a law enforcement agency, or any other government agency, of the juvenile delinquency proceedings of a person; and</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="H4088CBA51E1D4968A20D2CC652AA8FB0"><enum>(B)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">includes—</text> <clause commented="no" id="HD2C49FDD61FC4575AC32CD30EE1C6AD4"><enum>(i)</enum><text>a juvenile legal file, including a formal document such as a petition, notice, motion, legal memorandum, order, or decree;</text> </clause><clause commented="no" id="HA41770A6046745C98D48D9403FAA49C7"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>a social record, including—</text> <subclause commented="no" id="H855151A83E5147E49D0F7B392A897939"><enum>(I)</enum><text>a record of a probation officer;</text> </subclause><subclause commented="no" id="H8A2E885C4B934560899557646A20405B"><enum>(II)</enum><text>a record of any government agency that keeps records relating to juvenile delinquency;</text> </subclause><subclause commented="no" id="H6A4251735B71450EA250A72FEE9F37D0"><enum>(III)</enum><text>a medical record;</text> </subclause><subclause commented="no" id="H8ADCCBD24EE446D5BF2C89879BF09405"><enum>(IV)</enum><text>a psychiatric or psychological record;</text> </subclause><subclause commented="no" id="H691DC3B06C654FD79AC24A390217C159"><enum>(V)</enum><text>a birth certificate;</text> </subclause><subclause commented="no" id="H0A4FB38C94624857873AF6CFACA19B00"><enum>(VI)</enum><text>an education record, including an individualized education plan;</text> </subclause><subclause commented="no" id="H231C760AC87148B28E99B472D5E5F3AE"><enum>(VII)</enum><text>a detention record;</text> </subclause><subclause commented="no" id="HFD1BC945E74442C78FE5F14A66D8D16A"><enum>(VIII)</enum><text>demographic information that identifies a juvenile or the family of a juvenile; or</text> </subclause><subclause commented="no" id="H10189AF83431474A94613FB81DE6F29C"><enum>(IX)</enum><text>any other record that includes personally identifiable information that may be associated with a juvenile delinquency proceeding, an act of juvenile delinquency, or an alleged act of juvenile delinquency;</text> </subclause></clause><clause commented="no" id="H3DDC3C758C544369B8D61BB879F74373"><enum>(iii)</enum><text>a law enforcement record, including—</text> <subclause commented="no" id="H9CDCB1AF52B842798A61AB3110C6EC6D"><enum>(I)</enum><text>fingerprints;</text> </subclause><subclause commented="no" id="HD94E7A5FE71147FEB5CB74FF75E54757"><enum>(II)</enum><text>a DNA sample; or</text> </subclause><subclause commented="no" id="HB2F906AD74FA43F0A22D18A867DF9A7E"><enum>(III)</enum><text>a photograph; and</text> </subclause></clause><clause commented="no" id="H28B8BC2DC6A04A4E8659A85B199BCEC5"><enum>(iv)</enum><text>a State criminal justice information system record;</text> </clause></subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H9F2D6B3A6B504C3C817897D65D4E8D4E"><enum>(11)</enum><text>the term <term>petitioner</term> means a person who files an expungement petition or a sealing petition;</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="H1CE54D42425C4E87ADBD8BF5C439873D"><enum>(12)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">the term <term>seal</term>—</text> <subparagraph id="HEDE7EEB966E84A2FBE1B52C5BC90CC7F"><enum>(A)</enum><text>means—</text> <clause id="H79D7B5C1285C471FBE529EA74ED20AD3"><enum>(i)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">to close a record from public viewing so that the record cannot be examined except by court order; and</text> </clause><clause id="H31B67338A54C43349BF24C479B7F9E55"><enum>(ii)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">to physically seal the record shut and label the record <quote>SEALED</quote> or, in the case of an electronic record, the substantive equivalent; and</text> </clause></subparagraph><subparagraph id="H07B3796F93764190BA7652E01D78670C"><enum>(B)</enum><text>has the effect described in section 5044(c), including—</text> <clause id="H45FBE6372DC2452485E65B0CF03B7885"><enum>(i)</enum><text>the right to treat an offense to which a sealed record relates, and any arrest, juvenile delinquency proceeding, adjudication, or other result of such proceeding relating to the offense, as if it never occurred; and</text> </clause><clause id="H26D2E8FAD46E4CC7AA784D420B05D819"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>protection from civil and criminal perjury, false swearing, and false statement laws with respect to a sealed record;</text> </clause></subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H9C039E39E7224A1D863DFAB1C870D744"><enum>(13)</enum><text>the term <term>sealing hearing</term> means a hearing held under section 5044(b)(2)(B); and</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="H9039048D337A42648A978FCA066A0DEF"><enum>(14)</enum><text>the term <term>sealing petition</term> means a petition for a sealing order filed under section 5044(b).</text></paragraph></section><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block> </subsection><subsection commented="no" id="H67156346261E4E28B9A046AE82ECE149"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Confidentiality</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Section 5038 of title 18, United States Code, is amended—</text> <paragraph commented="no" id="HBE00CE48695D4602AD92E0577711E198"><enum>(1)</enum><text>in subsection (a), in the flush text following paragraph (6), by inserting after <quote>bonding,</quote> the following: <quote>participation in an educational system,</quote>; and</text> </paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="HA0CD9076AE77404FB2E26F6DE8FB49DC"><enum>(2)</enum><text>in subsection (b), by striking <quote>District courts exercising jurisdiction over any juvenile</quote> and inserting the following: <quote>Not later than 7 days after the date on which a district court exercises jurisdiction over a juvenile, the district court</quote>.</text> </paragraph></subsection><subsection commented="no" id="H308C149333E34FE3BC22CD84F445CC39"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Sealing; expungement</header> <paragraph commented="no" id="H3A5E5716F925421FB06DF510B7FCBFBF"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In general</header><text><external-xref legal-doc="usc-chapter" parsable-cite="usc-chapter/18/403">Chapter 403</external-xref> of title 18, United States Code, is amended by adding at the end the following:</text> <quoted-block display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H1C4162B204FB41D28A71B37DF9CCE039" style="USC"> <section id="H0851F8F31CFD4AFD8C635790AAA0F101"><enum>5044.</enum><header>Sealing</header> <subsection id="H73715A82DF9F439689077A1FD4ACC129"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Automatic sealing of nonviolent offenses</header> <paragraph id="H27D3FA67FF5C40FEBD165ECFCD42A181"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In general</header><text>Three years after the date on which a person who is adjudicated delinquent under this chapter for a juvenile nonviolent offense completes every term of probation, official detention, or juvenile delinquent supervision ordered by the court with respect to the offense, the court shall order the sealing of each juvenile record or portion thereof that relates to the offense if the person—</text> <subparagraph id="H5A9158DC14854E188F82873B02B639A5"><enum>(A)</enum><text>has not been convicted of a crime or adjudicated delinquent for an act of juvenile delinquency since the date of the disposition; and</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="HEA655E8D83904D40A5EEC202F62BA917"><enum>(B)</enum><text>is not engaged in active criminal court proceedings or juvenile delinquency proceedings.</text> </subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H6D3142582A6C4B119819268E1310E24C"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Automatic nature of sealing</header><text>The order of sealing under paragraph (1) shall require no action by the person whose juvenile records are to be sealed.</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="H8A18769C674A4EFB9F2B3E0AD29CCE3F"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Notice of automatic sealing</header><text>A court that orders the sealing of a juvenile record of a person under paragraph (1) shall, in writing, inform the person of the sealing and the benefits of sealing the record, including protection from civil and criminal perjury, false swearing, and false statement laws with respect to the record.</text> </paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HF5DFC75CE5B74227BC4901857971ADD3"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Petitioning for early sealing of nonviolent offenses</header> <paragraph id="H71A24FFB5B394C4C9640A2E2F1B2EE3D"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Right to file sealing petition</header> <subparagraph id="HCE0FDFD6DE9746E1AAE03B2D5035A308"><enum>(A)</enum><header>In general</header><text>During the 3-year period beginning on the date on which a person who is adjudicated delinquent under this chapter for a juvenile nonviolent offense completes every term of probation, official detention, or juvenile delinquent supervision ordered by the court with respect to the offense, the person may petition the court to seal the juvenile records that relate to the offense.</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="H5717947C5EF84DDFA0CF775115172405"><enum>(B)</enum><header>Notice of opportunity to file petition</header><text>If a person is adjudged delinquent for a juvenile nonviolent offense, the court in which the person is adjudged delinquent shall, in writing, inform the person of the potential eligibility of the person to file a sealing petition with respect to the offense upon completing every term of probation, official detention, or juvenile delinquent supervision ordered by the court with respect to the offense, and the necessary procedures for filing the sealing petition—</text> <clause id="HF2E3FE312FDB412BBFD88D9E1DD5C31C"><enum>(i)</enum><text>on the date on which the individual is adjudged delinquent; and</text> </clause><clause id="HC07E98EFB5324090942E3107A8836FA2"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>on the date on which the individual has completed every term of probation, official detention, or juvenile delinquent supervision ordered by the court with respect to the offense.</text> </clause></subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="HBD6B1C11ABBC4F72A01F60FE50081095"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Procedures</header> <subparagraph id="H3FB52C77F4A3403281ED4B138ABFDCD7"><enum>(A)</enum><header>Notification to prosecutor</header><text>If a person files a sealing petition with respect to a juvenile nonviolent offense, the court in which the petition is filed shall provide notice of the petition—</text> <clause id="H621877C681CA470B8EC5225468E5953F"><enum>(i)</enum><text>to the Attorney General; and</text> </clause><clause id="H396B5D0EBE7F4D00947BE91FD76A8F52"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>upon the request of the petitioner, to any other individual that the petitioner determines may testify as to—</text> <subclause id="H2995C90440F64671A67754F2DCC0C266"><enum>(I)</enum><text>the conduct of the petitioner since the date of the offense; or</text> </subclause><subclause id="HF42CD82070104644B84204DE9D090E2C"><enum>(II)</enum><text>the reasons that the sealing order should be entered.</text> </subclause></clause></subparagraph><subparagraph id="H5EB58044B86546A1BEDE3246441AB6B8"><enum>(B)</enum><header>Hearing</header> <clause id="H28E92AAF7FE242089ABB3AE657E99819"><enum>(i)</enum><header>In general</header><text>Not later than 180 days after the date on which a person files a sealing petition, the court shall—</text> <subclause id="HBACC257B3E664B7DB757D807A7A78D3B"><enum>(I)</enum><text>except as provided in clause (iii), conduct a hearing in accordance with clause (ii); and</text> </subclause><subclause id="H126D20F51B3F4A9C8A0B36AA89D1FBAD"><enum>(II)</enum><text>determine whether to enter a sealing order for the person in accordance with subparagraph (C).</text> </subclause></clause><clause id="H64C2158B110B4ECD9E15ABCDD66845C3"><enum>(ii)</enum><header>Opportunity to testify and offer evidence</header> <subclause id="H0D8C954D42554DDDBC20678C9648FC23"><enum>(I)</enum><header>Petitioner</header><text>The petitioner may testify or offer evidence at the sealing hearing in support of sealing.</text> </subclause><subclause id="H5E534562A49245B2A010585A190888B5"><enum>(II)</enum><header>Prosecutor</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The Attorney General may send a representative to testify or offer evidence at the sealing hearing in support of or against sealing.</text> </subclause><subclause id="H4B5ABF0A94CF457FB8DD25B63E0F2BAC"><enum>(III)</enum><header>Other individuals</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">An individual who receives notice under subparagraph (A)(ii) may testify or offer evidence at the sealing hearing as to the issues described in subclauses (I) and (II) of that subparagraph.</text> </subclause></clause><clause commented="no" id="HAAA6A68387EB4F558FFF3B2D2A1C9BF7"><enum>(iii)</enum><header>Waiver of hearing</header><text>If the petitioner and the Attorney General so agree, the court shall make a determination under subparagraph (C) without a hearing.</text> </clause></subparagraph><subparagraph id="H987AE3E18D2A4257A89E366D55512E71"><enum>(C)</enum><header>Basis for decision</header><text>The court shall determine whether to grant the sealing petition after considering—</text> <clause id="HC57B6142955D46CCAA2C175DEC5621FE"><enum>(i)</enum><text>the sealing petition and any documents in the possession of the court;</text> </clause><clause id="H81497F3A71074D1DA4393A897A9E3739"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>all the evidence and testimony presented at the sealing hearing, if such a hearing is conducted;</text> </clause><clause id="HC25F200C06C0417A8A1BDD118E695EF8"><enum>(iii)</enum><text>the best interests of the petitioner;</text> </clause><clause id="HF39D61CAA4414BA3909521BDDAAED50A"><enum>(iv)</enum><text>the age of the petitioner during his or her contact with the court or any law enforcement agency;</text> </clause><clause id="H17D63506E55747B98BDCA5ED1A175E3A"><enum>(v)</enum><text>the nature of the juvenile nonviolent offense;</text> </clause><clause id="HB70D447EF1DC4BF6868C3480BD8426C9"><enum>(vi)</enum><text>the disposition of the case;</text> </clause><clause id="H3A29208218004EDA9066A90A95399A4A"><enum>(vii)</enum><text>the manner in which the petitioner participated in any court-ordered rehabilitative programming or supervised services;</text> </clause><clause id="HBEF201C97A7241758FF75C2363933702"><enum>(viii)</enum><text>the length of the time period during which the petitioner has been without contact with any court or law enforcement agency;</text> </clause><clause id="H32BE759F1AA9428EAF0A2E83ADB1EEC2"><enum>(ix)</enum><text>whether the petitioner has had any criminal or juvenile delinquency involvement since the disposition of the juvenile delinquency proceeding; and</text> </clause><clause id="H717A5FA826DA4D99837A2F5C3AC3151C"><enum>(x)</enum><text>the adverse consequences the petitioner may suffer if the petition is not granted.</text> </clause></subparagraph><subparagraph id="H940A6249C6314B2F9E174746C34AD1B4"><enum>(D)</enum><header>Waiting period after denial</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">If the court denies a sealing petition, the petitioner may not file a new sealing petition with respect to the same juvenile nonviolent offense until the date that is 2 years after the date of the denial.</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="HBA056F1D9D1B42DA95C3A73093E6C908"><enum>(E)</enum><header>Universal form</header><text>The Director of the Administrative Office of the United States Courts shall create a universal form, available over the internet and in paper form, that an individual may use to file a sealing petition.</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="H599AEAF6C1064D959CF78401D543B114"><enum>(F)</enum><header>No fee for sealing</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">There shall be no cost for filing a sealing petition.</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="H06DA0C2AFDC846FCB296905376EA50F9"><enum>(G)</enum><header>Reporting</header><text>Not later than 2 years after the date of enactment of this section, and each year thereafter, each district court of the United States shall issue a public report that—</text> <clause id="HEABC375B82404EBEB30925BCF9CF2DA5"><enum>(i)</enum><text>describes—</text> <subclause id="HC7AE8F2E35E14CD2AA337A2020F42FE6"><enum>(I)</enum><text>the number of sealing petitions granted and denied under this subsection; and</text> </subclause><subclause id="H7ED46B0CC8844C7EAF7F671AA73E416E"><enum>(II)</enum><text>the number of instances in which the Attorney General supported or opposed a sealing petition;</text> </subclause></clause><clause id="H308E6386DA5C4F5BA4131A36E994D069"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>includes any supporting data that the court determines relevant and that does not name any petitioner; and</text> </clause><clause id="H5AD41CD8F99441CB9A33279FC8E7DA05"><enum>(iii)</enum><text>disaggregates all relevant data by race, ethnicity, gender, and the nature of the offense.</text> </clause></subparagraph><subparagraph id="HB3C7FE00B8424EE6A11CD273D057954A"><enum>(H)</enum><header>Public defender eligibility</header> <clause id="H9FBE4B20EC7548C1BC9E9B0A6A2A8BF3"><enum>(i)</enum><header>Petitioners under age 18</header><text>The district court shall appoint counsel in accordance with the plan of the district court in operation under section 3006A to represent a petitioner for purposes of this subsection if the petitioner is less than 18 years of age.</text> </clause><clause id="H438B6A1FAD9E4E5CA902A300366DE0FC"><enum>(ii)</enum><header>Petitioners age 18 and older</header> <subclause id="H0715762EBFE0492B82F5102DB653550B"><enum>(I)</enum><header>Discretion of court</header><text>In the case of a petitioner who not less than 18 years of age, the district court may, in its discretion, appoint counsel in accordance with the plan of the district court in operation under section 3006A to represent the petitioner for purposes of this subsection.</text> </subclause><subclause id="H194E3F8D79434D2291413DDF80A9EF8B"><enum>(II)</enum><header>Considerations</header><text>In determining whether to appoint counsel under subclause (I), the court shall consider—</text> <item id="H12501EF3021240E888D3CB31BA33D23A"><enum>(aa)</enum><text>the anticipated complexity of the sealing hearing, including the number and type of witnesses called to advocate against the sealing of the records of the petitioner; and</text> </item><item id="H263BDF92C826415A9FB401EB5C82AE2D"><enum>(bb)</enum><text>the potential for adverse testimony by a victim or a representative of the Attorney General.</text> </item></subclause></clause></subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HFCF8DFE6943A46C7987FF7C9AD4B48B2"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Effect of sealing order</header> <paragraph id="H4FB14DF635EE4C6E9B3A724A5AAD5944"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Except as provided in this subsection, if a court orders the sealing of a juvenile record under subsection (a) or (b) with respect to a juvenile nonviolent offense, the offense and any arrest, juvenile delinquency proceeding, adjudication, or other result of such proceeding relating to the offense shall be treated as if it never occurred.</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="H1B328012ADED406680D42786A4A5987C"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Verification of sealing</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">If a court orders the sealing of a juvenile record under subsection (a) or (b) with respect to a juvenile nonviolent offense, the court shall—</text> <subparagraph id="HD2DB60B904944525937A196E8E76A422"><enum>(A)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">send a copy of the sealing order to each entity or person known to the court that possesses a record relating to the offense, including each—</text> <clause id="H4653980045C24328AE79235ED6DF2E44"><enum>(i)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">law enforcement agency; and</text> </clause><clause id="H5ECF49FFCC6C4D7288CB41449FC7870C"><enum>(ii)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">public or private correctional or detention facility;</text> </clause></subparagraph><subparagraph id="H1E46E96E236C4543AE922315A08E4CF3"><enum>(B)</enum><text>in the sealing order, require each entity or person described in subparagraph (A) to—</text> <clause id="H1E3EF84FC1B34C54B7B65EE75148C26A"><enum>(i)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">seal the record; and</text> </clause><clause id="H3ACE8EE610F24212B1066DC083F85A88"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>submit a written certification to the court, under penalty of perjury, that the entity or person has sealed each paper and electronic copy of the record;</text> </clause></subparagraph><subparagraph id="H7C96DECE5F234FDB8D3D22B5732E0075"><enum>(C)</enum><text>seal each paper and electronic copy of the record in the possession of the court; and</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="HFD5DAE346D264DC5837F70CC6FC46E54"><enum>(D)</enum><text>after receiving a written certification from each entity or person under subparagraph (B)(ii), notify the petitioner that each entity or person described in subparagraph (A) has sealed each paper and electronic copy of the record.</text> </subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H4D36622F8E4C4E53B3FE19576AE2C1F6"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Protection from perjury laws</header><text>Except as provided in paragraph (5)(C)(i), the person who is the subject of a juvenile record sealed under subsection (a) or (b) or a parent of the person shall not be subject to prosecution under any civil or criminal provision of Federal or State law relating to perjury, false swearing, or making a false statement, including section 1001, 1621, 1622, or 1623, for failing to acknowledge the record or respond to any inquiry made of the person or the parent, relating to the record, for any purpose.</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="HD7CC55A9760A43A7A2EB16108131CA50"><enum>(4)</enum><header>Law enforcement access to sealed records</header><text>A law enforcement agency may access a sealed juvenile record of a person solely—</text> <subparagraph id="H4994D90795714461BC3A0A428691C904"><enum>(A)</enum><text>to determine whether the person is eligible for a first-time-offender diversion program;</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="HD52DC91373CA4F4A90ED8CE0C8413A52"><enum>(B)</enum><text>for investigatory or prosecutorial purposes within the juvenile justice system; or</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="HC8924CB1D3C6404194F90AE296E251D3"><enum>(C)</enum><text>for a background check that relates to—</text> <clause id="H42C8AC9B5AA84B23B74DB85142BD5779"><enum>(i)</enum><text>law enforcement employment; or</text> </clause><clause id="H6359F93A3FB5456EADCC9B426787635E"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>any position that a Federal agency designates as a—</text> <subclause id="H6267636989B94F9EBA92BB091568DDDF"><enum>(I)</enum><text>national security position; or</text> </subclause><subclause id="H1716FF4615EF4E9098F4BB075E3DADE7"><enum>(II)</enum><text>high-risk, public trust position.</text> </subclause></clause></subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="HE636FD62039743279BCB534C944ED2AA"><enum>(5)</enum><header>Prohibition on disclosure</header> <subparagraph id="H3CDFD1C4EF3A41CFBD8260F88D1A7EB9"><enum>(A)</enum><header>Prohibition</header><text>Except as provided in subparagraph (C), it shall be unlawful to intentionally make or attempt to make an unauthorized disclosure of any information from a sealed juvenile record in violation of this section.</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="H13F367781709433584D06BEDE3C4A065"><enum>(B)</enum><header>Penalty</header><text>Any person who violates subparagraph (A) shall be fined under this title, imprisoned for not more than 1 year, or both.</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="H313135BCAB1440209BD1A4ECEA41AF08"><enum>(C)</enum><header>Exceptions</header> <clause id="H22438C10B4964C529CBCF660839B52CA"><enum>(i)</enum><header>Background checks</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">A person who is the subject of a juvenile record sealed under this section shall, and a Federal or State law enforcement agency that possesses such a record may, disclose the record in the case of a background check for—</text> <subclause id="HB5F3ABAEE0C941E0B4EB667BFDAE03EB"><enum>(I)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">law enforcement employment; or</text> </subclause><subclause id="HB2D15208F7E440E388310EF8D8C7FB1D"><enum>(II)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">any employment that requires a government security clearance.</text> </subclause></clause><clause id="H7B93794C9E634203B32227C7F897BB01"><enum>(ii)</enum><header>Disclosure to Armed Forces</header><text>A person may disclose information from a sealed juvenile record to the Secretaries of the military departments (or the Secretary of Homeland Security with respect to the Coast Guard when it is not operating as a service in the Navy) for the purpose of vetting an enlistment or commission, or with regard to any member of the Armed Forces.</text> </clause><clause id="HEC76C98B892E4AA0AEB9F532B4195E0B"><enum>(iii)</enum><header>Criminal and juvenile proceedings</header><text>A prosecutor may disclose information from a juvenile record sealed under this section if the information pertains to a potential witness in a Federal or State—</text> <subclause id="H69D095CC7D164A3CBF87AE1B53D45E09"><enum>(I)</enum><text>criminal proceeding; or</text> </subclause><subclause id="H3759B9E3FF5B4383BDC41E9B1ADA0E94"><enum>(II)</enum><text>juvenile delinquency proceeding.</text> </subclause></clause><clause id="H6EC0AF588544460AB68287C85098262C"><enum>(iv)</enum><header>Authorization for person to disclose own record</header><text>A person who is the subject of a juvenile record sealed under this section may choose to disclose the record.</text> </clause></subparagraph></paragraph></subsection></section><section id="H31A5DDF8B4454E2E9C1E1DD3AF430F43"><enum>5045.</enum><header>Expungement</header> <subsection id="H314CB3D747864BF1982221881E2969FF"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Automatic expungement of certain records</header> <paragraph id="H26A00A31F9494C28A3DE1FB58425874B"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Attorney General motion</header> <subparagraph id="H22FB42E4020242BD85E7E7678C2586F8"><enum>(A)</enum><header>Nonviolent offenses committed before a person turned 15</header><text>If a person is adjudicated delinquent under this chapter for a juvenile nonviolent offense committed before the person attained 15 years of age, on the date on which the person attains 18 years of age, the Attorney General shall file a motion in the district court of the United States in which the person was adjudicated delinquent requesting that each juvenile record of the person that relates to the offense be expunged.</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="HE55B849BF4B246C29B64E9720613F70D"><enum>(B)</enum><header>Arrests</header><text>If a juvenile is arrested for an offense for which a juvenile delinquency proceeding is not instituted under this subchapter, the Attorney General shall file a motion in the district court of the United States that would have had jurisdiction of the proceeding requesting that each juvenile record relating to the arrest be expunged.</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="H60887E314E3E4DA9B8727368E9FCC0A6"><enum>(C)</enum><header>Expungement order</header><text>Upon the filing of a motion in a district court of the United States with respect to a juvenile nonviolent offense under subparagraph (A) or an arrest for an offense under subparagraph (B), the court shall grant the motion and order that each juvenile record relating to the offense or arrest, as applicable, be expunged.</text> </subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="HF4664A2CF4894B1CAC354149E9271096"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Dismissed cases</header><text>If a district court of the United States dismisses an information with respect to a juvenile under this subchapter or finds a juvenile not to be delinquent in a juvenile delinquency proceeding under this subchapter, the court shall concurrently order that each juvenile record relating to the applicable proceeding be expunged.</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="H1ED4023DE862427B944E5B8927E5F63C"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Automatic nature of expungement</header><text>An order of expungement under paragraph (1)(C) or (2) shall not require any action by the person whose records are to be expunged.</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="H06F5066D5BB04EFD8F8F06102F5259BF"><enum>(4)</enum><header>Notice of automatic expungement</header><text>A court that orders the expungement of a juvenile record of a person under paragraph (1)(C) or (2) shall, in writing, inform the person of the expungement and the benefits of expunging the record, including protection from civil and criminal perjury, false swearing, and false statement laws with respect to the record.</text> </paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H8D8D91D43AAB45D6B50A93E30D6F1812"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Petitioning for expungement of nonviolent offenses</header> <paragraph id="HC505F16B8F174FA7A1AC071E5EB83F4E"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In general</header><text>A person who is adjudged delinquent under this chapter for a juvenile nonviolent offense committed on or after the date on which the person attained 15 years of age may petition the court in which the proceeding took place to order the expungement of the juvenile record that relates to the offense.</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="H5A1A2FA1AE804F1EAC8D41D7ADA44972"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Procedures</header> <subparagraph id="H84FB967B0F094F42ABBAA8FC3B4353F7"><enum>(A)</enum><header>Notification of prosecutor and victims</header><text>If a person files an expungement petition with respect to a juvenile nonviolent offense, the court in which the petition is filed shall provide notice of the petition—</text> <clause id="H49C35A8767524787BC4E52BFA4057DC5"><enum>(i)</enum><text>to the Attorney General; and</text> </clause><clause id="HAAAA1FE6B94D4C60BF5EB8724B8DE523"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>upon the request of the petitioner, to any other individual that the petitioner determines may testify as to—</text> <subclause id="HE35E0ADF768D427D9E98C6EA66750C8E"><enum>(I)</enum><text>the conduct of the petitioner since the date of the offense; or</text> </subclause><subclause id="HFA385F71474F41FBA9AFAD7AD9E0CDB8"><enum>(II)</enum><text>the reasons that the expungement order should be entered.</text> </subclause></clause></subparagraph><subparagraph id="HC14893DE42AE45BEA30D6889D60F79B4"><enum>(B)</enum><header>Hearing</header> <clause id="HD4C5EDB61DEA464BAE6DAF73E5D55E97"><enum>(i)</enum><header>In general</header><text>Not later than 180 days after the date on which a person files an expungement petition, the court shall—</text> <subclause id="H342746C93BF14DC18040D839370AA459"><enum>(I)</enum><text>except as provided in clause (iii), conduct a hearing in accordance with clause (ii); and</text> </subclause><subclause id="HCC925DE0F7AC466580043C74BADA3078"><enum>(II)</enum><text>determine whether to enter an expungement order for the person in accordance with subparagraph (C).</text> </subclause></clause><clause id="H5D966FED4CF54A22B6C58F8A99A57870"><enum>(ii)</enum><header>Opportunity to testify and offer evidence</header> <subclause id="HF32EAA7D93A24E10B56005E47AB0A64B"><enum>(I)</enum><header>Petitioner</header><text>The petitioner may testify or offer evidence at the expungement hearing in support of expungement.</text> </subclause><subclause id="H5D6FCF99E4E54EECB2079BE1C6A18334"><enum>(II)</enum><header>Prosecutor</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The Attorney General may send a representative to testify or offer evidence at the expungement hearing in support of or against expungement.</text> </subclause><subclause id="H612F815A19AB4D7B86DF8AECBB67360D"><enum>(III)</enum><header>Other individuals</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">An individual who receives notice under subparagraph (A)(ii) may testify or offer evidence at the expungement hearing as to the issues described in subclauses (I) and (II) of that subparagraph.</text> </subclause></clause></subparagraph><subparagraph id="H4E96A072506845988A18C04A42E8B3E0"><enum>(C)</enum><header>Basis for decision</header><text>The court shall determine whether to grant an ex­punge­ment petition after considering—</text> <clause id="HD345CB85796E45DBBE85271A12554C34"><enum>(i)</enum><text>the petition and any documents in the possession of the court;</text> </clause><clause id="HD5CE463D960E49F2B9A52B9F1BC0C333"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>all the evidence and testimony presented at the expungement hearing, if such a hearing is conducted;</text> </clause><clause id="H28BAAB8C46F349C3A1574483759CED74"><enum>(iii)</enum><text>the best interests of the petitioner;</text> </clause><clause id="HCFF25F464C98415F90145F7184A6A9CD"><enum>(iv)</enum><text>the age of the petitioner during his or her contact with the court or any law enforcement agency;</text> </clause><clause id="H53529B529D484AA6B9979EB572003D3B"><enum>(v)</enum><text>the nature of the juvenile nonviolent offense;</text> </clause><clause id="H1F1C8262F1E947D192B436A4E6E458D7"><enum>(vi)</enum><text>the disposition of the case;</text> </clause><clause id="H0E2BFBCFB82E40DAA6D607FC1BC42D88"><enum>(vii)</enum><text>the manner in which the petitioner participated in any court-ordered rehabilitative programming or supervised services;</text> </clause><clause id="H1DAB462BC16A466DA257BE8DDDD4026C"><enum>(viii)</enum><text>the length of the time period during which the petitioner has been without contact with any court or any law enforcement agency;</text> </clause><clause id="H6D458EA89CE84D7D9C414F579A22FD80"><enum>(ix)</enum><text>whether the petitioner has had any criminal or juvenile delinquency involvement since the disposition of the juvenile delinquency proceeding; and</text> </clause><clause id="H10755D8A0A424B1C9D281FB2C1485E64"><enum>(x)</enum><text>the adverse consequences the petitioner may suffer if the petition is not granted.</text> </clause></subparagraph><subparagraph id="HB13B7FB4892147B9A1E240E7F1964418"><enum>(D)</enum><header>Waiting period after denial</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">If the court denies an expungement petition, the petitioner may not file a new expungement petition with respect to the same offense until the date that is 2 years after the date of the denial.</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="H3F863510DFB9428D83EEDB8B5B3CF7F0"><enum>(E)</enum><header>Universal form</header><text>The Director of the Administrative Office of the United States Courts shall create a universal form, available over the internet and in paper form, that an individual may use to file an expungement petition.</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="H76DA7C07DC2E4C898C209689C219B8B4"><enum>(F)</enum><header>No fee for expungement</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">There shall be no cost for filing an expungement petition.</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="H3159DEEC7AAD418599BEDC77C9463455"><enum>(G)</enum><header>Reporting</header><text>Not later than 2 years after the date of enactment of this section, and each year thereafter, each district court of the United States shall issue a public report that—</text> <clause id="H192A6B2A08EB4E7D9A21A3309D5744D8"><enum>(i)</enum><text>describes—</text> <subclause id="H611E6FEC048246A09471361EB4C3E1F1"><enum>(I)</enum><text>the number of expungement petitions granted and denied under this subsection; and</text> </subclause><subclause id="HA9DE75FF8CA64C26B7CB1A57C2AA45D4"><enum>(II)</enum><text>the number of instances in which the Attorney General supported or opposed an expungement petition;</text> </subclause></clause><clause id="H67FAF76BA7CE4E66B1622B5BEC5F4B4A"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>includes any supporting data that the court determines relevant and that does not name any petitioner; and</text> </clause><clause id="H9A0ACA4EAC984C37A7E01A275EA838F7"><enum>(iii)</enum><text>disaggregates all relevant data by race, ethnicity, gender, and the nature of the offense.</text> </clause></subparagraph><subparagraph id="H644C948FA1204932B2E59D00AB668DC0"><enum>(H)</enum><header>Public defender eligibility</header> <clause id="H78E6FDFBCA804D8A8E1ED579A20FE9BC"><enum>(i)</enum><header>Petitioners under age 18</header><text>The district court shall appoint counsel in accordance with the plan of the district court in operation under section 3006A to represent a petitioner for purposes of this subsection if the petitioner is less than 18 years of age.</text> </clause><clause id="H19B3811C55774DF1B3D6961E8BE65F2F"><enum>(ii)</enum><header>Petitioners age 18 and older</header> <subclause id="H2A6ABBBB08344B4BA88DD6C8799B7A19"><enum>(I)</enum><header>Discretion of court</header><text>In the case of a petitioner who not less than 18 years of age, the district court may, in its discretion, appoint counsel in accordance with the plan of the district court in operation under section 3006A to represent the petitioner for purposes of this subsection.</text> </subclause><subclause id="HFEBF9B98D1ED4B59823DBEF86BCE1440"><enum>(II)</enum><header>Considerations</header><text>In determining whether to appoint counsel under subclause (I), the court shall consider—</text> <item id="HEC0E312E04F648538DDB78E89B8DA96F"><enum>(aa)</enum><text>the anticipated complexity of the expungement hearing, including the number and type of witnesses called to advocate against the expungement of the records of the petitioner; and</text> </item><item id="HBE80C72B5062407A9F4B86B3762190F0"><enum>(bb)</enum><text>the potential for adverse testimony by a victim or a representative of the Attorney General.</text> </item></subclause></clause></subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H3300AE98B4324AB89368FA81BA04C604"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Effect of expunged juvenile record</header> <paragraph id="HBBF822D6002240ADBBC6FFF906610C2E"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Except as provided in this subsection, if a court orders the expungement of a juvenile record under subsection (a) or (b) with respect to a juvenile nonviolent offense—</text> <subparagraph id="H99B35405118A4BC98625DB94FF0912A3"><enum>(A)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">the offense and any arrest, juvenile delinquency proceeding, adjudication, or other result of such proceeding relating to the offense shall be treated as if it never occurred; and</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="H47C9B26054AD487EA022BFEF582FF316"><enum>(B)</enum><text>the person to whom the record pertains shall not be required to disclose the existence of the record.</text> </subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H9E3533D513CE4CBEA6140CEB0F78C119"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Verification of expungement</header><text>If a court orders the expungement of a juvenile record under subsection (a) or (b) with respect to a juvenile nonviolent offense, the court shall—</text> <subparagraph id="HC42D3A35DD0447CFB046770D782D1678"><enum>(A)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">send a copy of the expungement order to each entity or person known to the court that possesses a record relating to the offense, including each—</text> <clause id="H484FA75BADF24BC3B5F0FD8133D0BB65"><enum>(i)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">law enforcement agency; and</text> </clause><clause id="HAB795EF90C38409DA1395041273CDAEC"><enum>(ii)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">public or private correctional or detention facility;</text> </clause></subparagraph><subparagraph id="HF542F94389FA4A38B6A68563CFC46A2C"><enum>(B)</enum><text>in the expungement order, require each entity or person described in subparagraph (A) to—</text> <clause id="HA27A9BF62D424AD7A50750BFEE2DB5DE"><enum>(i)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">destroy the record; and</text> </clause><clause id="HD6272F4A3F8F4CB886D6F9ED99C2B765"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>submit a written certification to the court, under penalty of perjury, that the entity or person has destroyed each paper and electronic copy of the record;</text> </clause></subparagraph><subparagraph id="H65DDD558194944B6BF89CF932209C09F"><enum>(C)</enum><text>destroy each paper and electronic copy of the record in the possession of the court; and</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="H3195E0381D944D019935075D38D0FA4A"><enum>(D)</enum><text>after receiving a written certification from each entity or person under subparagraph (B)(ii), notify the petitioner that each entity or person described in subparagraph (A) has destroyed each paper and electronic copy of the record.</text> </subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H46D6E10B229044A889B15282DF7D9C76"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Reply to inquiries</header><text>In the case of an inquiry relating to a juvenile record of a person that is expunged under this section, the court in which the proceeding took place, each law enforcement officer, any agency that provided treatment or rehabilitation services to the person, and the person (except as provided in paragraph (6)) shall reply to the inquiry that no such juvenile record exists.</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="HF1B95DDE07D1449E88FC60BCADFA92A8"><enum>(4)</enum><header>Protection from perjury laws</header><text>Except as provided in paragraph (5), if a juvenile record of a person is expunged under this section, the person who is the subject of the record or a parent of the person shall not be subject to prosecution under any civil or criminal provision of Federal or State law relating to perjury, false swearing, or making a false statement, including section 1001, 1621, 1622, or 1623, for failing to acknowledge the record or respond to any inquiry made of the person or the parent, relating to the record, for any purpose.</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="HAE18230681D442D6A5CE6E3F0732D4F2"><enum>(5)</enum><header>Civil actions</header> <subparagraph id="H951BB230C3A6441CAD5267FCB9E28DC1"><enum>(A)</enum><header>In general</header><text>If a person whose juvenile record is expunged under this section brings an action that might be defended with the contents of the record, there shall be a rebuttable presumption that the defendant has a complete defense to the action.</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="HD4662C526058441B8E690B63A2468AE7"><enum>(B)</enum><header>Showing by plaintiff</header><text>In an action described in subparagraph (A), the plaintiff may rebut the presumption of a complete defense by showing that the contents of the expunged record would not prevent the defendant from being liable.</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="H957EC301535744248E62EE6326E97C53"><enum>(C)</enum><header>Duty to testify as to existence of record</header><text>The court in which an action described in subparagraph (A) is filed may require the plaintiff to state under oath whether the plaintiff had a juvenile record and whether the record was expunged.</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="HE5B69B9F94B24FDFA025A5AA02350896"><enum>(D)</enum><header>Proof of existence of juvenile record</header><text>If the plaintiff in an action described in subparagraph (A) denies the existence of a juvenile record, the defendant may prove the existence of the record in any manner compatible with the applicable laws of evidence.</text> </subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H1723049CB725484FA1B375A50AE93AEA"><enum>(6)</enum><header>Criminal and juvenile proceedings</header><text>A prosecutor may disclose information from a juvenile record expunged under this section if the information pertains to a potential witness in a Federal or State—</text> <subparagraph id="H24D981A07A6B485AB16AF30F2B618404"><enum>(A)</enum><text>criminal proceeding; or</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="HD8D899F9A1984350B22F5F0BF1401FDA"><enum>(B)</enum><text>juvenile delinquency proceeding.</text> </subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="HC14DC3791E954C0BB8DACFE7BB9D9978"><enum>(7)</enum><header>Authorization for person to disclose own record</header><text>A person who is the subject of a juvenile record expunged under this section may choose to disclose the record.</text></paragraph></subsection></section><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block> </paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="HC5DE196FD77B495B8AD6A0CB444643AF"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Technical and conforming amendment</header><text>The table of sections for <external-xref legal-doc="usc-chapter" parsable-cite="usc-chapter/18/403">chapter 403</external-xref> of title 18, United States Code, is amended by adding at the end the following:</text> <quoted-block display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H5725B218635A4F38B4111416808AEB27" style="OLC"><toc><toc-entry idref="H0851F8F31CFD4AFD8C635790AAA0F101" level="section">5044. Sealing.</toc-entry><toc-entry idref="H31A5DDF8B4454E2E9C1E1DD3AF430F43" level="section">5045. Expungement.</toc-entry></toc><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block> </paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="HC922DA8FE7C34C11A56E145969C2DD2A"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Applicability</header><text>Sections 5044 and 5045 of title 18, United States Code, as added by paragraph (1), shall apply with respect to a juvenile nonviolent offense (as defined in section 5031 of such title, as amended by subsection (b)) that is committed or alleged to have been committed before, on, or after the date of enactment of this Act.</text> </paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HDC580C04A5FF4219A6AB780D48792BAF"><enum>(e)</enum><header>Juvenile solitary confinement</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline"><external-xref legal-doc="usc-chapter" parsable-cite="usc-chapter/18/403">Chapter 403</external-xref> of title 18, United States Code, as amended by this title, is further amended by striking section 5043 and inserting the following:</text> <quoted-block display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HBEA191C86EAE40BD991A35A8EEAF3E64" style="USC"> <section commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H89264BA1FDBD4575B39BD61ED79E4B60" section-type="subsequent-section"><enum>5043.</enum><header display-inline="yes-display-inline">Juvenile solitary confinement</header> <subsection commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HBEC9EFC5B3D540CDBC3937D9BF489E98"><enum>(a)</enum><header display-inline="yes-display-inline">Definitions</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">In this section—</text> <paragraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HDCEF9E338AEF45DEADE098FE4BA1EEE6"><enum>(1)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">the term <term>covered juvenile</term> means—</text> <subparagraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HC1E4EFD97C384706B7385764BE599B37"><enum>(A)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">a juvenile who—</text> <clause commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HB0E5F03542124267A4DAEA445052EF3D"><enum>(i)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">is being proceeded against under this chapter for an alleged act of juvenile delinquency; or</text> </clause><clause commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HA8AD8ADA795547FDAF772AC0A299C7DF"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>has been adjudicated delinquent under this chapter; or</text> </clause></subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H2ED38D1DDCE74A068503E20503FE6195"><enum>(B)</enum><text>a juvenile who is being proceeded against as an adult in a district court of the United States for an alleged criminal offense;</text> </subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H6766CEBC0D7940F9A8A5CF85D7A19E16"><enum>(2)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">the term <term>juvenile facility</term> means any facility where covered juveniles are—</text> <subparagraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H17D3D8E4A00B48058A1F7F44D069038B"><enum>(A)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">committed pursuant to an adjudication of delinquency under this chapter; or</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H9F9B23BEE1BF4790B7F8BF48CB03B73A"><enum>(B)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">detained prior to disposition or conviction; and</text> </subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H009124CDBEC6457599AEA574324ABA9A"><enum>(3)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">the term <term>room confinement</term> means the involuntary placement of a covered juvenile alone in a cell, room, or other area for any reason.</text> </paragraph></subsection><subsection commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H3079CF32A2A44293BC1B5706BE80AA26"><enum>(b)</enum><header display-inline="yes-display-inline">Prohibition on room confinement in juvenile facilities</header> <paragraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HE83D7B2385814D72B7419B5FB948374B"><enum>(1)</enum><header display-inline="yes-display-inline">In general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The use of room confinement at a juvenile facility for discipline, punishment, retaliation, or any reason other than as a temporary response to a covered juvenile's behavior that poses a serious and immediate risk of physical harm to any individual, including the covered juvenile, is prohibited.</text> </paragraph><paragraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H89F93A3A92C443B2973D085711754811"><enum>(2)</enum><header display-inline="yes-display-inline">Juveniles posing risk of harm</header> <subparagraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HB62B3896CB62425B8DF1CAC0964178C8"><enum>(A)</enum><header display-inline="yes-display-inline">Requirement to use least restrictive techniques</header> <clause commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H50DB16CB1C774F43A27524450CF47AC0"><enum>(i)</enum><header display-inline="yes-display-inline">In general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Before a staff member of a juvenile facility places a covered juvenile in room confinement, the staff member shall attempt to use less restrictive techniques, including—</text> <subclause commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H93BD73A7EE7F4FC59032620678483B8C"><enum>(I)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">talking with the covered juvenile in an attempt to de-escalate the situation; and</text> </subclause><subclause commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HA4E9635EC26F4991A88BF6DE08EC3B23"><enum>(II)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">permitting a qualified mental health professional, or a staff member who has received training in de-escalation techniques and trauma-informed care, to talk to the covered juvenile.</text> </subclause></clause><clause commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H08659D7CD3634A58A3CB1CCA0BEB8371"><enum>(ii)</enum><header display-inline="yes-display-inline">Explanation</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">If, after attempting to use less restrictive techniques as required under clause (i), a staff member of a juvenile facility decides to place a covered juvenile in room confinement, the staff member shall first—</text> <subclause commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HB0034F9339AB4F58BDBF1BB404493826"><enum>(I)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">explain to the covered juvenile the reasons for the room confinement; and</text> </subclause><subclause commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H186E2778BD104B8CB473A903736D7B0B"><enum>(II)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">inform the covered juvenile that release from room confinement will occur—</text> <item commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H4A5BB05EBC424C33B38DFEBC86D1A106"><enum>(aa)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">immediately when the covered juvenile regains self-control, as described in subparagraph (B)(i); or</text> </item><item commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H00CEAB2B3CBE4D10938556B65E74AE14"><enum>(bb)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">not later than after the expiration of the time period described in subclause (I) or (II) of subparagraph (B)(ii), as applicable.</text> </item></subclause></clause></subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H163299802211402E890AB12773A68CBC"><enum>(B)</enum><header display-inline="yes-display-inline">Maximum period of confinement</header><text>If a covered juvenile is placed in room confinement because the covered juvenile poses a serious and immediate risk of physical harm to himself or herself, or to others, the covered juvenile shall be released—</text> <clause commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HD214C5C0F1574BA2B0F129170565C43C"><enum>(i)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">immediately when the covered juvenile has sufficiently gained control so as to no longer engage in behavior that threatens serious and immediate risk of physical harm to himself or herself, or to others; or</text> </clause><clause commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H3E3B54D1CAC749039ADCC6ED8C65FDA4"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>if a covered juvenile does not sufficiently gain control as described in clause (i), not later than—</text> <subclause commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H3B3DB76C04A647C1957470BFEFA282C1"><enum>(I)</enum><text>3 hours after being placed in room confinement, in the case of a covered juvenile who poses a serious and immediate risk of physical harm to others; or</text> </subclause><subclause commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HE0958E7F12F54F6FB540768A7C9EB7A3"><enum>(II)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">30 minutes after being placed in room confinement, in the case of a covered juvenile who poses a serious and immediate risk of physical harm only to himself or herself.</text> </subclause></clause></subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H04F0C67ADAC043869D44B98126F1A15F"><enum>(C)</enum><header display-inline="yes-display-inline">Risk of harm after maximum period of confinement</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">If, after the applicable maximum period of confinement under subclause (I) or (II) of subparagraph (B)(ii) has expired, a covered juvenile continues to pose a serious and immediate risk of physical harm described in that subclause—</text> <clause commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HAD1AC50A55984E098FB3D67E5D1B8684"><enum>(i)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">the covered juvenile shall be transferred immediately to another juvenile facility or internal location where services can be provided to the covered juvenile without relying on room confinement; or</text> </clause><clause commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H7445A1043A5E4072865145036EDE272D"><enum>(ii)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">if a qualified mental health professional believes the level of crisis service needed is not currently available, a staff member of the juvenile facility shall immediately transport the juvenile to—</text> <subclause commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H06C8008B71CF4E8EAB908C5B84DD3D51"><enum>(I)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">an emergency medical facility; or</text> </subclause><subclause commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HF0F86F5589F7494699A194094AF837C3"><enum>(II)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">an equivalent location that can meet the needs of the covered juvenile.</text> </subclause></clause></subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HF87A01FEFECC4FC99576E78828FA08C0"><enum>(D)</enum><header>Action before expiration of time limit</header><text>Nothing in subparagraph (C) shall be construed to prohibit an action described in clause (i) or (ii) of that subparagraph from being taken before the applicable maximum period of confinement under subclause (I) or (II) of subparagraph (B)(ii) has expired.</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="H622AB444B30F4F7698FD9CB55172E9FA"><enum>(E)</enum><header>Conditions</header><text>A room used for room confinement for a juvenile shall—</text> <clause id="HD86BC2381DB14C91AC9074481D28D25C"><enum>(i)</enum><text>have not less than 80 square feet of floor space;</text> </clause><clause id="H9C5F1533FAAB435AACEDC8EBC4CC3B2D"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>have adequate lighting, heating or cooling (as applicable), and ventilation for the comfort of the juvenile;</text> </clause><clause id="HFA8A3E09E751483DBB219684B79B955D"><enum>(iii)</enum><text>be suicide-resistant and protrusion-free; and</text> </clause><clause id="H580EAE628BC64C4DB93129A34258365A"><enum>(iv)</enum><text>have access to clean potable water, toilet facilities, and hygiene supplies.</text> </clause></subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H863E95027FE54DB1B9ED19B7F10092E0"><enum>(F)</enum><header display-inline="yes-display-inline">Notice</header> <clause commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H7092D30FA3894DE99F9CEE61C87E5678"><enum>(i)</enum><header>Use of room confinement</header><text>Not later than 1 business day after the date on which a juvenile facility places a covered juvenile in room confinement, the juvenile facility shall provide notice to the attorney of record for the juvenile.</text> </clause><clause commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H0783E211853C4184AB2F5CE532165A7E"><enum>(ii)</enum><header>Transfer</header><text>Not later than 24 hours after a covered juvenile is transferred from a juvenile facility to another location, the juvenile facility shall provide notice to—</text> <subclause commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H158997187A2F4D63B91BCB679F68172B"><enum>(I)</enum><text>the attorney of record for the juvenile; and</text> </subclause><subclause commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H07FFE26EDA8244CDABB287518BD5B105"><enum>(II)</enum><text>an authorized parent or guardian of the juvenile.</text> </subclause></clause></subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HA688A6898680489597B815E447272564"><enum>(G)</enum><header display-inline="yes-display-inline">Spirit and purpose</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The use of consecutive periods of room confinement to evade the spirit and purpose of this subsection shall be prohibited.</text> </subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><subsection commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HADC6F3761E5E4F6F92E91D9CD806CFD0"><enum>(c)</enum><header display-inline="yes-display-inline">Study and report</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Not later than 2 years after the date of enactment of this section, and each year thereafter, the Attorney General shall submit to Congress a report that—</text> <paragraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H37E6344A74164E90B51CAA1B8A127317"><enum>(1)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">contains a detailed description of the type of physical force, restraints, and room confinement used at juvenile facilities;</text> </paragraph><paragraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H93DC5BCE233947FCAA72AF5D1D964755"><enum>(2)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">describes the number of instances in which physical force, restraints, or room confinement are used at juvenile facilities, disaggregated by race, ethnicity, and gender; and</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="H76BB0E3F4D0F4C36BA8AC4CFE8082368"><enum>(3)</enum><text>contains a detailed description of steps taken, in each instance in which room confinement is used at a juvenile facility, to address and remedy the underlying issue that led to behavioral intervention resulting in the use of room confinement, including any positive or negative outcomes.</text></paragraph></subsection></section><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block> </subsection></section><section commented="no" id="H3423C6FF77C54D5D97DA6FD7D862265F"><enum>904.</enum><header>Study and report on cost savings from sealing and expungement provisions</header> <subsection commented="no" id="HA98B023D722346E09B7D5DC084C99A12"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Study</header> <paragraph commented="no" id="HBE0F65E7F7B34F2DB06B8976BA60EECB"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Not later than 5 years after the date of enactment of this Act, the Attorney General, in consultation with the Secretary of Labor and the Director of the Office of Management and Budget, shall conduct a study on the cost savings and broader economic impact of the sealing and expungement provisions in the amendments made by sections 902, 903, and 906 of this title.</text> </paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="H7F1BE785068841A39D033F1E0429600A"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Considerations</header><text>In conducting the study under paragraph (1), the Attorney General shall consider—</text> <subparagraph commented="no" id="H0221537260F74BDF886FCE4BBA308708"><enum>(A)</enum><text>the reduction in recidivism and associated cost savings related to corrections and public safety;</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" id="H1883D403497649E3AD2F2ECCD6745AA9"><enum>(B)</enum><text>increased economic activity by former offenders, including by conducting an analysis of the tax revenue generated by that activity; and</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" id="H9AE6AA6B948F4DC6B9439CB7B9591171"><enum>(C)</enum><text>the economic impact on the household of former offenders and the children of former offenders.</text> </subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><subsection commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H9ADD01D992644690BEA1DF53EB181D52"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Report</header><text>Not later than 5 years after the date of enactment of this Act, the Attorney General shall submit to Congress a report on the study conducted under subsection (a).</text> </subsection></section><section id="H2AE40952502145C5857546A78F73488E"><enum>905.</enum><header>TANF assistance and SNAP benefits</header> <subsection id="H3622777AC95B42FC8C67440109164C7E"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Repeal of ban on assistance</header><text>Section 115 of the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act of 1996 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/21/862a">21 U.S.C. 862a</external-xref>) is repealed.</text> </subsection><subsection commented="no" id="HF566B4C940114642B03321059A25F798"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Effect on State elections To opt out or limit period of prohibition</header> <paragraph id="HC73438EFE55B43D29CF11D731AAA4C9D"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Definitions</header><text>In this subsection—</text> <subparagraph id="H64395C2AF84442FC9E2C0346C0D99E61"><enum>(A)</enum><text>the term <term>State</term> has the meaning given the term in section 115(e) of the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act of 1996 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/21/862a">21 U.S.C. 862a(e)</external-xref>) (as in effect on the day before the date of enactment of this Act); and</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H8AF3DAC96BF84F5881273F695A2E32C8"><enum>(B)</enum><text>the term <term>TANF assistance or SNAP benefits</term> means assistance or benefits referred to in section 115(a) of the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act of 1996 (as in effect on the day before the date of enactment of this Act).</text> </subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="H35B936300E96442AA5EF4EAABA3CC51E"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Effect</header><text>A law enacted by a State under the authority under subparagraph (A) or (B) of subsection (d)(1) of section 115 of the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act of 1996 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/21/862a">21 U.S.C. 862a</external-xref>) (as in effect on the day before the date of enactment of this Act), and any State law or regulation enacted to carry out the requirements of such section (as then in effect), that imposes conditions on eligibility for TANF assistance or SNAP benefits shall have no force or effect.</text> </paragraph></subsection></section><section id="H917FB34AD7F5496F9DD403033D5C7343"><enum>906.</enum><header>State incentives</header> <subsection id="id30e5e830afdb4964a4cd091c5be70005"><enum>(a)</enum><header>COPS grants priority</header><text>Section 1701 of title I of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/34/10381">34 U.S.C. 10381</external-xref>) is amended—</text> <paragraph id="id58752E0111864B63A8700511953C7338"><enum>(1)</enum><text>in subsection (c)—</text> <subparagraph id="id66033427177040F9838F175D70F0EB27"><enum>(A)</enum><text>in paragraph (2), by striking <quote>or</quote> at the end;</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="idE20F7D233EC14D059999A85FFA756F5A"><enum>(B)</enum><text>in paragraph (3), by striking the period at the end and inserting <quote>; or</quote>; and</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="id40AE4C05CA3944278A5A7A7C0F783ACD"><enum>(C)</enum><text>by adding at the end the following:</text> <quoted-block display-inline="no-display-inline" id="idCFCA571ADAE54321A3E369C2F9337F5E" style="OLC"> <paragraph id="id3b5a45e86de94f7998530ca3ef4fb227"><enum>(4)</enum><text>subject to subsection (n)(1), from an applicant in a State that has in effect—</text> <subparagraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H1F6AC6EE37544EDA8928D1D5D6EA5A87"><enum>(A)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">a law relating to the confidentiality, sealing, and expungement of juvenile records that is substantially similar to, or more generous to the former offender than, the amendments made by subsections (b) through (d) of section 903 of the <short-title>Record Expungement Designed to Enhance Employment Act of 2019</short-title>;</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HCB3BF5C958FE4977B06CE5033E6D4393"><enum>(B)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">a law prohibiting juvenile solitary confinement that is substantially similar to, or more restrictive than, the amendment made by subsection (e) of section 903 of the <short-title>Record Expungement Designed to Enhance Employment Act of 2019</short-title>;</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HFF600012D91B4500A6491C3136DFFCF4"><enum>(C)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">a law relating to the sealing of adult records that is substantially similar to, or more generous to the former offender than, the amendments made by section 902 of the <short-title>Record Expungement Designed to Enhance Employment Act of 2019</short-title>;</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="id9C1C171BDE8144EE9E63746FB41ACF73"><enum>(D)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">subject to subsection (n)(2), a law that establishes that an adult criminal court may not have original jurisdiction over an individual who was less than 18 years of age when the individual committed an offense;</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="idA39CB78809504E8FB18276F55FD3E4C2"><enum>(E)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">a law that allows an individual who has successfully sealed or expunged a criminal record to be free from civil and criminal perjury laws; or</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" id="idD591DD82C4AA4E7199E14DC3F59854DA"><enum>(F)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">a law or policy that ensures to the maximum extent practicable, for juveniles who have been arrested for or convicted of a criminal offense—</text> <clause commented="no" id="id505FEF8AB22846D69CFB27EFD889AD89"><enum>(i)</enum><text>equal sentencing guidelines, without regard to gender; and</text> </clause><clause commented="no" id="id9E1B1A79FA9B4EA5A1C697C69011FD62"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>equal access, without regard to gender, to services, assistance, or benefits provided.</text></clause></subparagraph></paragraph><after-quoted-block>; and</after-quoted-block></quoted-block> </subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="idE8664DA2CFE14CAA9755AC54BF62496C"><enum>(2)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">by adding at the end the following:</text> <quoted-block display-inline="no-display-inline" id="idF142898D6ABD43A485256383849F77CA" style="OLC"> <subsection id="id50280088651042f0a6ffb7f103378920"><enum>(n)</enum><header>Rules for preferential consideration of States with laws similar to REDEEM Act</header> <paragraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="idEE7BA7A92B9746D29C9EE83C55CAE818"><enum>(1)</enum><header display-inline="yes-display-inline">Degree of priority commensurate with degree of compliance</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">If the Attorney General, in awarding grants under this part, gives preferential consideration to any application as authorized under subsection (c)(4), the Attorney General shall base the degree of preferential consideration given to an application from an applicant in a particular State on the number of subparagraphs under that subsection that the State has satisfied, relative to the number of such subparagraphs that each other State has satisfied.</text> </paragraph><paragraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="id6C0FEE945FBD488AB1D8839DFB1B9B98"><enum>(2)</enum><header display-inline="yes-display-inline">Juvenile transfer provisions</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Subsection (c)(4)(D) shall not be construed to preclude from preferential consideration an application from an applicant in a State that—</text> <subparagraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="idF3119CB8F3804C74A6A964480AEAA13F"><enum>(A)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">has in effect a law that authorizes the transfer of an individual who is less than 18 years of age to adult criminal court if the individual commits a specified offense or an offense that falls under a specified category of offenses; or</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="idD468916839B64ADDB231482D079132C5"><enum>(B)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">exercises other case-specific transfer mechanisms.</text></subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block> </paragraph></subsection><subsection commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="idb3f10d1d7df340e98372df8d553c990b"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Attorney General guidelines and technical assistance</header><text>The Attorney General shall issue guidelines and provide technical assistance to assist States in complying with the incentive under paragraph (4) of section 1701(c) of title I of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/34/10381">34 U.S.C. 10381(c)</external-xref>), as added by subsection (a).</text> </subsection></section><section commented="no" id="H4BD0FA8EBC614ECE939144B0004D34E2"><enum>907.</enum><header>Gender equality in Federal juvenile delinquency proceedings</header> <subsection commented="no" id="H886491B8CE0D426BB5DE56BECC3C5B27"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Dispositions</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Section 5037 of title 18, United States Code, is amended by adding at the end the following:</text> <quoted-block display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H92C3332EA75A49FCBDA271A098914F35" style="USC"> <subsection commented="no" id="H2870F87B7EF24262BFAC5AFE2D8C9F5A"><enum>(f)</enum><header>Gender equality</header> <paragraph commented="no" id="idAEA1951E4ED24F98ACFC2BCF966D21C6"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Policy of the United States</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">It is the policy of the United States that there should be no disparities based on gender in dispositions of juvenile cases.</text> </paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="id02941CF451CD4A51B467672A5A916429"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Directive to Sentencing Commission and courts</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The United States Sentencing Commission, in promulgating sentencing guidelines and policy statements applicable to dispositions of district courts exercising jurisdiction over juveniles, and the courts, in determining such dispositions, shall take care to avoid and remedy any disparities described in paragraph (1).</text></paragraph></subsection><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block> </subsection><subsection commented="no" id="HE6795885547243E98B8AFDFC90E912EC"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Commitments</header><text>Section 5039 of title 18, United States Code, is amended, in the second paragraph, by adding at the end the following: <quote>The Attorney General shall promulgate regulations that ensure, to the maximum extent practicable, equal access, without regard to gender, to services, assistance, or benefits provided, to juveniles who have been arrested under Federal authority, or committed pursuant to an adjudication under this chapter, for juvenile delinquency.</quote>.</text> </subsection></section><section commented="no" id="HEE8ECA89A7564398BABC88F6C4E6B547"><enum>908.</enum><header>Ensuring accuracy in the FBI background check system</header> <subsection id="H5168F03BC8A54E5DA513E92B14CBFF6F"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In general</header><text>Section 534 of title 28, United States Code, as amended by title VIII, is amended by adding at the end the following:</text> <quoted-block display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H591EBEA51303409ABD15C590B2A628F3" style="OLC"> <subsection commented="no" id="HC990E6DF45D1444E9BD2D79113E46F41"><enum>(h)</enum><header>Ensuring accuracy in the FBI background check system</header> <paragraph commented="no" id="HD1104F04547B459D96A7D72B5784E73F"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Definitions</header><text>In this subsection—</text> <subparagraph commented="no" id="HB02E07E2D6874EA09482469C2F72CD93"><enum>(A)</enum><text>the term <term>applicant</term> means the individual to whom a record sought to be exchanged pertains;</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" id="HE0F29ADE334748968C3254203DCAC031"><enum>(B)</enum><text>the term <term>incomplete</term>, with respect to a record, means the record—</text> <clause commented="no" id="H3EB66C08D83B444885EF6BE03D393F40"><enum>(i)</enum><text>indicates that an individual was arrested but does not describe the offense for which the individual was arrested; or</text> </clause><clause commented="no" id="HE4341E381C1B410A9F9679B8A0524538"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>indicates that an individual was arrested or criminal proceedings were instituted against an individual but does not include the final disposition of the arrest or of the proceedings if a final disposition has been reached;</text> </clause></subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" id="HB6C020B12C30467A894214A52C8D64F9"><enum>(C)</enum><text>the term <term>record</term> means a record or other information collected under this section;</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H6DEC07E39848412BA80A5B9535B1252C"><enum>(D)</enum><text>the term <term>reporting jurisdiction</term> means any person or entity that provides a record to the Attorney General under this section; and</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" id="H2BAC4FDFC20B4512B1A3011EE4C268C9"><enum>(E)</enum><text>the term <term>requesting entity</term>—</text> <clause commented="no" id="H2F9AC2C3DE42406C96033DE6E1990253"><enum>(i)</enum><text>means a person or entity that seeks the exchange of a record for civil purposes that include employment, occupational licensing, occupational certification, housing, credit, or any other type of application; and</text> </clause><clause commented="no" id="H6177D41C3350418D90FB94011DD87D9D"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>does not include a law enforcement or intelligence agency that seeks the exchange of a record for—</text> <subclause commented="no" id="H20C6DB0D19BD4116B74727AE037727C8"><enum>(I)</enum><text>investigative purposes; or</text> </subclause><subclause commented="no" id="HE392160DF047452B973CB0C23218907D"><enum>(II)</enum><text>purposes relating to law enforcement employment.</text> </subclause></clause></subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="HA331F7D4C28E41B8A0318832793DB64B"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Incomplete or inaccurate records</header><text>The Attorney General shall establish and enforce procedures to ensure the prompt release of accurate records exchanged for civil purposes through the records system created under this section.</text> </paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="HFEBCDAE91BED4674A78A47E211243476"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Required procedures</header><text>The procedures established under paragraph (2) shall include the following:</text> <subparagraph commented="no" id="HF230C1F4698140A29E5E091B5940AF97"><enum>(A)</enum><header>Inaccurate record or information</header><text>If the Attorney General determines that a record is inaccurate, the Attorney General shall, not later than 10 days after the date on which the requesting entity requests the exchange and before the exchange is made, promptly correct the record, including by making deletions to the record if appropriate.</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" id="HF0BC9E2A181A4EC187CDAD059E7DDD1F"><enum>(B)</enum><header>Incomplete record</header> <clause commented="no" id="H788938D202CA4E1AB727BE71919FD765"><enum>(i)</enum><header>In general</header><text>If the Attorney General determines that a record is incomplete or cannot be verified, the Attorney General—</text> <subclause commented="no" id="H3444A48E763D41E4AEC59EBC714236AA"><enum>(I)</enum><text>shall attempt to complete or verify the record; and</text> </subclause><subclause commented="no" id="H4E8FE77C07564ED5A81D974F5A655FD9"><enum>(II)</enum><text>if unable to complete or verify the record, may promptly make any changes or deletions to the record.</text> </subclause></clause><clause commented="no" id="H23FF9C94222E40149793025AC85BC8D5"><enum>(ii)</enum><header>Lack of disposition of arrest</header><text>For purposes of this subparagraph, an incomplete record includes a record that indicates there was an arrest and does not include the disposition of the arrest.</text> </clause><clause commented="no" id="HA211997B9F274277853A48627156F115"><enum>(iii)</enum><header>Obtaining disposition of arrest</header><text>If the Attorney General determines that a record is an incomplete record described in clause (ii), the Attorney General shall, not later than 10 days after the date on which the requesting entity requests the exchange and before the exchange is made, obtain the disposition (if any) of the arrest.</text> </clause></subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" id="HBE13746868A44728B1637276C3C9CEFB"><enum>(C)</enum><header>Notification of reporting jurisdiction</header><text>The Attorney General shall notify each appropriate reporting jurisdiction of any action taken under subparagraph (A) or (B).</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" id="H30BFC6F8F47847DDB0B6180743F7B835"><enum>(D)</enum><header>Opportunity to review records by applicant</header><text>In connection with an exchange of a record under this section, the Attorney General shall—</text> <clause commented="no" id="H329BFA6C0F1341528DE63AD248DF3639"><enum>(i)</enum><text>obtain the consent of the applicant to exchange the record with the requesting entity;</text> </clause><clause commented="no" id="H3C7C4D6A2AA04B2E80951A668BC7AFBA"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>at the time of consent, notify the applicant that the applicant can obtain a copy of the record;</text> </clause><clause commented="no" id="HFEC7A2A97FB749F2A88A8CED43C1BA2E"><enum>(iii)</enum><text>provide to the applicant an opportunity to—</text> <subclause commented="no" id="H26631DFC5CE643F48043AB7A9871741B"><enum>(I)</enum><text>obtain a copy of the record upon request; and</text> </subclause><subclause commented="no" id="H1624F510F04B4CAFA3BF59078CE923F6"><enum>(II)</enum><text>challenge the accuracy and completeness of the record;</text> </subclause></clause><clause commented="no" id="H0BFA2E2F1FD146A0B297F42C97817A59"><enum>(iv)</enum><text>promptly notify the requesting entity of any such challenge;</text> </clause><clause commented="no" id="HF5F89EB897A14EBB848DF06B17B55F84"><enum>(v)</enum><text>not later than 30 days after the date on which the challenge is made, complete an investigation of the challenge;</text> </clause><clause commented="no" id="HE60D429697754923B548C14B24F91A77"><enum>(vi)</enum><text>provide to the applicant the specific findings and results of that investigation;</text> </clause><clause commented="no" id="H51A6D6FFE4864C35AF5022550580C2DE"><enum>(vii)</enum><text>promptly make any changes or deletions to the records required as a result of the challenge; and</text> </clause><clause commented="no" id="H4B6CEEC044F744FDB45B8674E668FB50"><enum>(viii)</enum><text>report those changes to the requesting entity.</text> </clause></subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" id="H0E4B931D0683458F8ACF555C3B9D12F4"><enum>(E)</enum><header>Certain exchanges prohibited</header><text>An exchange shall not include any record—</text> <clause commented="no" id="H929EF425375F44FEBB7EAF41A7EB1064"><enum>(i)</enum><text>about an arrest more than 2 years old as of the date of the request for the exchange, that does not also include a disposition (if any) of that arrest;</text> </clause><clause commented="no" id="HF4BDD943760A4F50AFC08B710F3AE51E"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>relating to an adult or juvenile non-serious offense of the sort described in section 20.32(b) of title 28, Code of Federal Regulations, as in effect on July 1, 2009; or</text> </clause><clause commented="no" id="H38C4E26938E6454DAF6F3F00BBE5EEE5"><enum>(iii)</enum><text>to the extent the record is not clearly an arrest or a disposition of an arrest.</text> </clause></subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="H11E0D1F159AC4A27BC934A3898F3F325"><enum>(4)</enum><header>Fees</header><text>The Attorney General may collect a reasonable fee for an exchange of records for civil purposes through the records system created under this section to defray the costs associated with exchanges for those purposes, including any costs associated with the investigation of inaccurate or incomplete records.</text></paragraph></subsection><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block> </subsection><subsection commented="no" id="HCFDB347EAD744E7494406789BF99028A"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Regulations on reasonable procedures</header><text>Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act, the Attorney General shall issue regulations to carry out section 534(h) of title 28, United States Code, as added by subsection (a).</text> </subsection><subsection commented="no" id="H2E6928ED444F407885E8A6D4F12422D5"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Report</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Not later than 2 years after the date of enactment of this Act, the Attorney General shall submit to Congress a report on the implementation of subsection (h) of section 534 of title 28, United States Code, as added by subsection (a), that includes—</text> <paragraph id="H536105C1C3F44B068201C4F3C59F28D3"><enum>(1)</enum><text>the number of exchanges of records for civil purposes made with entities in each State through the records system created under such section 534;</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="H11C343ECCD034ECAAC500863D1CF2789"><enum>(2)</enum><text>any prolonged failure of a reporting jurisdiction to comply with a request by the Attorney General for information about dispositions of arrests; and</text> </paragraph><paragraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H8138FF4D78B84E06A26B7884992BB566"><enum>(3)</enum><text>the numbers of successful and unsuccessful challenges to the accuracy and completeness of records, organized by State of origination of each record.</text> </paragraph></subsection></section><section id="HE3505707A5B7417890FCA474A1D955D1"><enum>909.</enum><header>Report on statutory and regulatory restrictions and disqualifications based on criminal records</header> <subsection id="HEBF547C784CC4C1CA78A416A72E9FE7D"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In general</header><text>Not later than 2 years after the date of enactment of this Act, the Attorney General, in consultation with the Secretary of Labor and the Director of the Office of Personnel Management, shall submit to Congress a report on each Federal statute, regulation, or policy that authorizes a restriction on, or disqualification of, an applicant for employment or for a Federal license or permit based on the criminal record of the applicant.</text> </subsection><subsection id="H9235CD23762B4B7FB32DE1DF9C34BD6C"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Identification of information</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">In the report submitted under subsection (a), the Attorney General shall—</text> <paragraph id="HD479887341EB40E792300BF1490E3592"><enum>(1)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">identify each occupation, position, license, or permit to which a restriction or disqualification described in subsection (a) applies; and</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="H2B316DD34EB1477EABB149E89E4B7EC0"><enum>(2)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">for each occupation, position, license, or permit identified under paragraph (1), include—</text> <subparagraph display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HBC3EA95D6D1848F48019486F2303BC7E"><enum>(A)</enum><text>a description of the restriction or disqualification;</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="HA4A635D273994E7A879A88B39244E0F4"><enum>(B)</enum><text>the duration of the restriction or disqualification;</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="H459F7C4E56A1447EBE906FF57E19D6C9"><enum>(C)</enum><text>an evaluation of the rationale for the restriction or disqualification and its continuing usefulness;</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="HCC04BDB0A43146DF91290D47E564D11F"><enum>(D)</enum><text>the procedures, if any, to appeal, waive, or exempt the restriction or disqualification based on a showing of rehabilitation or other relevant evidence;</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="H4AC6E13F8C6B485392F5A538C4CFE123"><enum>(E)</enum><text>any information available about the numbers of individuals restricted or disqualified on the basis of a criminal record; and</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HF886E6E733F748B285E05D914DA128BE"><enum>(F)</enum><text>the identity of the Federal agency with jurisdiction over the restriction or disqualification.</text> </subparagraph></paragraph></subsection></section><enum>X</enum><header>Democracy Restoration Act</header> <section id="H639AC866C25F464FBB38E9A3505484BB" section-type="subsequent-section"><enum>1001.</enum><header>Short title</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">This title may be cited as the <quote><short-title>Democracy Restoration Act of 2019</short-title></quote>.</text> </section><section id="H2DCADA4423294008A14E1BAA454BC996"><enum>1002.</enum><header>Findings</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">Congress makes the following findings:</text> <paragraph id="HA05801C9A71F451D8500CADD92C4BAE2"><enum>(1)</enum><text>The right to vote is the most basic constitutive act of citizenship. Regaining the right to vote reintegrates individuals with criminal convictions into free society, helping to enhance public safety.</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="H88155D092AAE45378FC3E54BB47CEAB"><enum>(2)</enum><text>Article I, section 4, of the Constitution of the United States grants Congress ultimate supervisory power over Federal elections, an authority which has repeatedly been upheld by the Supreme Court of the United States.</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="H3D500C344D424E77ABB69636F61C91F"><enum>(3)</enum><text>Basic constitutional principles of fairness and equal protection require an equal opportunity for citizens of the United States to vote in Federal elections. The right to vote may not be abridged or denied by the United States or by any State on account of race, color, gender, or previous condition of servitude. The 13th, 14th, 15th, 19th, 24th, and 26th Amendments to the Constitution of the United States empower Congress to enact measures to protect the right to vote in Federal elections. The 8th Amendment to the Constitution of the United States provides for no excessive bail to be required, nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted.</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="H6DBC7D697C9C436D824F146D2EF752B7"><enum>(4)</enum><text>There are 3 areas where discrepancies in State laws regarding criminal convictions lead to unfairness in Federal elections—</text> <subparagraph id="id060728495E9F409A9D38797E8ED36CEF"><enum>(A)</enum><text>the lack of a uniform standard for voting in Federal elections leads to an unfair disparity and unequal participation in Federal elections based solely on where a person lives;</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="id4EC8CC0029A14D7AB6B8A640A994154C"><enum>(B)</enum><text>laws governing the restoration of voting rights after a criminal conviction vary throughout the country and persons in some States can easily regain their voting rights while in other States persons effectively lose their right to vote permanently; and</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="id1154EBA072DC4C72A10072845D964050"><enum>(C)</enum><text>State disenfranchisement laws disproportionately impact racial and ethnic minorities.</text> </subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="id544055DC5B5448D3AF8098C22D42BBC1"><enum>(5)</enum><text>Two States do not disenfranchise individuals with criminal convictions at all (Maine and Vermont), but 48 States and the District of Columbia have laws that deny convicted individuals the right to vote while they are in prison.</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="idBBE69175088B45ECA87B0F5011829CC6"><enum>(6)</enum><text>In some States disenfranchisement results from varying State laws that restrict voting while individuals are under the supervision of the criminal justice system or after they have completed a criminal sentence. In 34 States, convicted individuals may not vote while they are on parole and 30 of those States disenfranchise individuals on felony probation as well. In 10 States, a conviction can result in lifetime disenfranchisement.</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="idABAA07CC20A34B749B3B6CB1A17174B7"><enum>(7)</enum><text>Several States deny the right to vote to individuals convicted of certain misdemeanors.</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="H40A10E8410A04ED9ADFC7510292CBAA"><enum>(8)</enum><text>In 2016, an estimated 6,100,000 citizens of the United States, or about 1 in 40 adults in the United States, could not vote as a result of a felony conviction. Of the 6,100,000 citizens barred from voting, only approximately 22 percent were in prison. By contrast, roughly 77 percent of the dis­en­fran­chised reside in their communities while on probation or parole or after having completed their sentences. Approximately 3,100,000 citizens who completed their sentences remain disenfranchised due to restrictive State laws. In six States—Alabama, Florida, Kentucky, Mississippi, Tennessee, and Virginia—more than 7 percent of the total population is disenfranchised. As of November 2018, the lifetime ban for felons was eliminated through a Florida ballot initiative. As a result, 1,400,000 people had their voting rights restored.</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="H3CA91EBE50DF47149D00544759BF4341"><enum>(9)</enum><text>In those States that disenfranchise individuals post-sentence, the right to vote can be regained in theory, but in practice this possibility is often granted in a non-uniform and potentially discriminatory manner. Disenfranchised individuals must either obtain a pardon or an order from the Governor or an action by the parole or pardon board, depending on the offense and State. Individuals convicted of a Federal offense often have additional barriers to regaining voting rights.</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="H35AC5D3D2DE34451AE00D68D2D795395"><enum>(10)</enum><text>State disenfranchisement laws disproportionately impact racial and ethnic minorities. As of 2016, more than 7 percent of the voting-age African-American population, or 2,200,000 African Americans, were disenfranchised. One out of every 13 African Americans were unable to vote because of felony disenfranchisement, which is a rate more than 4 times greater than non-African Americans. 7.4 percent of African Americans are dis­en­fran­chised whereas only 1.8 percent of non-African Americans were. In 2016, in 4 States—Florida (23 percent), Kentucky (22 percent), Tennessee (21 percent), and Virginia (20 percent)—more than 1 in 5 African Americans were unable to vote because of prior convictions.</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="idE766C93DB4CA41F0BC8A9F9364642A7A"><enum>(11)</enum><text>Latino citizens are also disproportionately disenfranchised based upon their disproportionate representation in the criminal justice system. If current incarceration trends hold, the lifetime likelihood of incarceration for males born in 2011 is 17 percent for Latinos, in contrast to less than 6 percent of non-Latino White men. When analyzing the data across 10 States, Latinos generally have disproportionately higher rates of disenfranchisement compared to their presence in the voting age population. In 6 out of 10 States studied in 2003, Latinos constitute more than 10 percent of the total number of persons disenfranchised by State felony laws. In 4 States (California, 37 percent; New York, 34 percent; Texas, 30 percent; and Arizona, 27 percent), Latinos were disenfranchised by a rate of more than 25 percent.</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="H7AB2704527084E86876F53B147016F3E"><enum>(12)</enum><text>Disenfranchising citizens who have been convicted of a criminal offense and who are living and working in the community serves no compelling State interest and hinders their rehabilitation and reintegration into society.</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="H2120D65EE5D04D2BAA82E2DBB1F030E"><enum>(13)</enum><text>State disenfranchisement laws can suppress electoral participation among eligible voters by discouraging voting among family and community members of disenfranchised persons. Future electoral participation by the children of disenfranchised parents may be impacted as well.</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="HB6508BF42BD745CDA274E1BB771897F"><enum>(14)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The United States is the only Western democracy that permits the permanent denial of voting rights for individuals with felony convictions.</text> </paragraph></section><section id="HC13107BA867D4337BDD51CAD99DA5992"><enum>1003.</enum><header>Definitions</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">In this title:</text> <paragraph id="H4AEBEAFBF8D447288C428770D8EF4D00"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Correctional institution or facility</header><text>The term <term>correctional institution or facility</term> means any prison, penitentiary, jail, or other institution or facility for the confinement of individuals convicted of criminal offenses, whether publicly or privately operated, except that such term does not include any residential community treatment center (or similar public or private facility).</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="HD4F273AD2CDC4A21BE8608F3A0AB25B"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Election</header><text>The term <term>election</term> means—</text> <subparagraph id="H16AA1D26091F49C68CC343729F4B5FCB"><enum>(A)</enum><text>a general, special, primary, or runoff election;</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="HEEDA0F9A754D46C9A3F0367600A70001"><enum>(B)</enum><text>a convention or caucus of a political party held to nominate a candidate;</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="HED9FEE1FA9734FE99F13ED31927E246C"><enum>(C)</enum><text>a primary election held for the selection of delegates to a national nominating convention of a political party; or</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="H4B085AC1210B4474B15EFEF7AC5CABE3"><enum>(D)</enum><text>a primary election held for the expression of a preference for the nomination of persons for election to the office of President.</text> </subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H7DE027ED1D4041E49835662BB7D2A9B0"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Federal office</header><text>The term <term>Federal office</term> means the office of President or Vice President of the United States, or of Senator or Representative in, or Delegate or Resident Commissioner to, the Congress of the United States.</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="H5135512BBE4740AF97ACF908B4D67E80"><enum>(4)</enum><header>Probation</header><text>The term <term>probation</term> means probation, imposed by a Federal, State, or local court, with or without a condition on the individual involved concerning—</text> <subparagraph id="H38EA02C9542A4FED922532B3A9751252"><enum>(A)</enum><text>the individual’s freedom of movement;</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="H0716415C89B5439B89DC59AAA8338694"><enum>(B)</enum><text>the payment of damages by the individual;</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="H8EDDD50B710C4D73A5BA46800897DEB1"><enum>(C)</enum><text>periodic reporting by the individual to an officer of the court; or</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HB6887CC14DF6490797DC00A2DD800548"><enum>(D)</enum><text>supervision of the individual by an officer of the court.</text> </subparagraph></paragraph></section><section id="H8181F01EA31D4B95B0D64DA7A1BE6716"><enum>1004.</enum><header>Rights of citizens</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">The right of an individual who is a citizen of the United States to vote in any election for Federal office shall not be denied or abridged because that individual has been convicted of a criminal offense unless such individual is serving a felony sentence in a correctional institution or facility at the time of the election.</text> </section><section id="H159D8CF9911C4E25A0549C00C05690C9"><enum>1005.</enum><header>Enforcement</header> <subsection id="HA84D121FEF1E4D4684C4279EE73C6BF9"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Attorney general</header><text>The Attorney General may, in a civil action, obtain such declaratory or injunctive relief as is necessary to remedy a violation of this title.</text> </subsection><subsection id="H5764D4E6F16C4C3B89B34EA506C5543C"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Private right of action</header> <paragraph id="H0991C4216AF24A479B8B163456256C85"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In general</header><text>A person who is aggrieved by a violation of this title may provide written notice of the violation to the chief election official of the State involved.</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="HFFBF3E25075A45168EB388DE3834AE75"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Relief</header><text>Except as provided in paragraph (3), if the violation is not corrected within 90 days after receipt of a notice under paragraph (1), or within 20 days after receipt of the notice if the violation occurred within 120 days before the date of an election for Federal office, the aggrieved person may, in a civil action, obtain declaratory or injunctive relief with respect to the violation.</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="H145F26DB8A334FA086A600623B2E6D52"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Exception</header><text>If the violation occurred within 30 days before the date of an election for Federal office, the aggrieved person need not provide notice to the chief election official of the State under paragraph (1) before bringing a civil action to obtain declaratory or injunctive relief with respect to the violation.</text> </paragraph></subsection></section><section id="H134EEFD0FC2A40B596E98B5BCE87A9F8"><enum>1006.</enum><header>Notification of restoration of voting rights</header> <subsection id="H0C57681957564912814DE86471717EA5"><enum>(a)</enum><header>State notification</header> <paragraph id="H81E4E13BB97F4B84B61DE2F1EA537073"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Notification</header><text>On the date determined under paragraph (2), each State shall notify in writing any individual who has been convicted of a criminal offense under the law of that State that such individual has the right to vote in an election for Federal office pursuant to this title and may register to vote in any such election.</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="H8DDE782DDAAA4B12004ECA0978A717C7"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Date of notification</header> <subparagraph id="HBECA5595F3F24F188CE1009300F29C6C"><enum>(A)</enum><header>Felony conviction</header><text>In the case of such an individual who has been convicted of a felony, the notification required under paragraph (1) shall be given on the date on which the individual—</text> <clause id="H455ACA492FA04821AFABAAF13FF555D"><enum>(i)</enum><text>is sentenced to serve only a term of probation; or</text> </clause><clause id="HE33FD98B294440D6ADCB72DFC29F2497"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>is released from the custody of that State (other than to the custody of another State or the Federal Government to serve a term of imprisonment for a felony conviction).</text> </clause></subparagraph><subparagraph id="HE79CEE37A7A546D4A2CF4831C5F27F12"><enum>(B)</enum><header>Misdemeanor conviction</header><text>In the case of such an individual who has been convicted of a misdemeanor, the notification required under paragraph (1) shall be given on the date on which such individual is sentenced by a State court.</text> </subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HCDD36F71B08A4DCBA74D7960F0BD54EE"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Federal notification</header> <paragraph id="H640234C4940D49D08847ADE3ABAFF322"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Notification</header><text>Any individual who has been convicted of a criminal offense under Federal law shall be notified in accordance with paragraph (2) that such individual has the right to vote in an election for Federal office pursuant to the this title and may register to vote in any such election.</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="HA97F0C70D1E94581B3E0D5F7A2C99EB7"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Date of notification</header> <subparagraph id="HA10F6789BDE943259723B600DB3382B9"><enum>(A)</enum><header>Felony conviction</header><text>In the case of such an individual who has been convicted of a felony, the notification required under paragraph (1) shall be given—</text> <clause id="HA9A9269E77EE46708F93C4ADC3F53262"><enum>(i)</enum><text>in the case of an individual who is sentenced to serve only a term of probation, by the Assistant Director for the Office of Probation and Pretrial Services of the Administrative Office of the United States Courts on the date on which the individual is sentenced; or</text> </clause><clause id="H08771041A69F40BD89A1E4E0A50194C"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>in the case of any individual committed to the custody of the Bureau of Prisons, by the Director of the Bureau of Prisons, during the period beginning on the date that is 6 months before such individual is released and ending on the date such individual is released from the custody of the Bureau of Prisons.</text> </clause></subparagraph><subparagraph id="HD8596224A59C4A598B00B1EB1751B9E"><enum>(B)</enum><header>Misdemeanor conviction</header><text>In the case of such an individual who has been convicted of a misdemeanor, the notification required under paragraph (1) shall be given on the date on which such individual is sentenced by a court established by an Act of Congress.</text> </subparagraph></paragraph></subsection></section><section id="HA2BA139BDE3D40EBA7D129BACF2CE4EB"><enum>1007.</enum><header>Relation to other laws</header> <subsection id="H316F1DF3055F41909D7535874D82C506"><enum>(a)</enum><header>State laws relating to voting rights</header><text>Nothing in this title shall be construed to prohibit the States from enacting any State law which affords the right to vote in any election for Federal office on terms less restrictive than those established by this title.</text> </subsection><subsection id="H7BD98FC2D72646FDB992FEC3BE00442D"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Certain Federal Acts</header><text>The rights and remedies established by this title are in addition to all other rights and remedies provided by law, and neither rights and remedies established by this title shall supersede, restrict, or limit the application of the Voting Rights Act of 1965 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/52/10301">52 U.S.C. 10301</external-xref> et seq.) or the National Voter Registration Act (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/52/20501">52 U.S.C. 20501</external-xref>).</text> </subsection></section><section id="H3FE8BF915E804B62994750E7FFE66649"><enum>1008.</enum><header>Federal prison funds</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">No State, unit of local government, or other person may receive or use, to construct or otherwise improve a prison, jail, or other place of incarceration, any Federal funds unless that State, unit of local government, or person—</text> <paragraph id="idB1682532420644D1A66DD31D939BAD41"><enum>(1)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">is in compliance with section 1004; and</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="id9B1AC4F842FB44F0A4F9AE7839D020EC"><enum>(2)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">has in effect a program under which each individual incarcerated in that person’s jurisdiction who is a citizen of the United States is notified, upon release from such incarceration, of that individual’s rights under section 1004.</text> </paragraph></section><section commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H3E27963EE8E8417D9C3DBEB3E3A54D76" section-type="subsequent-section"><enum>1009.</enum><header>Effective date</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">This title shall apply to citizens of the United States voting in any election for Federal office held after the date of the enactment of this Act.</text> </section><enum>XI</enum><header>New Pathways Act</header> <section id="idB3986DD73F0C4C9EB32EC7C4B4CA52EC" section-type="subsequent-section"><enum>1101.</enum><header>Short title</header> <text display-inline="no-display-inline">This title may be cited as the <quote><short-title>New Pathways Act</short-title></quote>.</text> </section><section id="idB112543F25F24696A4B85318AF5E8F64"><enum>1102.</enum><header>Identification for returning citizens</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">Section 231(b) of the Second Chance Act of 2007 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/34/60541">34 U.S.C. 60541(b)</external-xref>) is amended to read as follows:</text> <quoted-block display-inline="no-display-inline" id="id3271BC97205542908CF6D85BD32E237E" style="OLC"> <subsection id="id733C074879C5468CA14460EB50C15EB9"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Identification and release assistance for Federal prisoners</header> <paragraph id="idC66728F7FCDF4216B0D1634B622D987A"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Definitions</header><text>In this subsection—</text> <subparagraph id="idA826FA90E0AC4C2F9B7A5CF37575C3FD"><enum>(A)</enum><text>the term <term>community confinement</term> means residence in a community treatment center, halfway house, restitution center, mental health facility, alcohol or drug rehabilitation center, or other community facility;</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="id474EA92B94E2456DA671CC92648AAB66"><enum>(B)</enum><text>the term <term>direct-release prisoner</term> means a prisoner who is scheduled for release and will not be placed in prerelease custody;</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="id808138D97C354BF2A9856E843F9B721C"><enum>(C)</enum><text>the term <term>noncitizen covered individual</term>—</text> <clause id="idDDB31F2990A146DA9D2EB89B546CD02E"><enum>(i)</enum><text>means an individual in the custody of the Bureau of Prisons or sentenced to a term in community confinement who—</text> <subclause id="idE8F96C847D85422D99498072B61B42C4"><enum>(I)</enum><text>is lawfully present and eligible for employment authorization in the United States; and</text> </subclause><subclause id="idD9D34F5A8CE045F9801DFE34956CB56D"><enum>(II)</enum><text>has a document demonstrating that the individual will have a place of residence upon release; and</text> </subclause></clause><clause id="idCE56DE8FA3994EC39025CA9AD626E0C2"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>includes an alien lawfully admitted for permanent residence (as defined in section 101(a) of the Immigration and Nationality Act (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/8/1101">8 U.S.C. 1101(a)</external-xref>), a refugee (as defined in that section of that Act), and an asylee; and</text> </clause></subparagraph><subparagraph id="idF06B2766D4D643578B2D6CC5CFA63332"><enum>(D)</enum><text>the term <term>United States citizen covered individual</term> means an individual in the custody of the Bureau of Prisons or sentenced to a term in community confinement who has—</text> <clause id="id3DC2F5596D7245A3B11960467365C33A"><enum>(i)</enum><text>a social security card;</text> </clause><clause id="id082C41910E384E80B682654496283159"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>a document described in paragraph (2)(B)(ii) as proof of United States citizenship; and</text> </clause><clause id="idD42A11120B164BFC8DC07EE0858D1D82"><enum>(iii)</enum><text>a document demonstrating that the individual will have a place of residence upon release.</text> </clause></subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="idE2C8E9F4253A48BCB131681C51B267FE"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Obtaining identification for United States citizens</header> <subparagraph id="id6D1362DE0E604539B10348350D7A540E"><enum>(A)</enum><header>In general</header><text>With respect to a United States citizen covered individual, the Director shall provide a photo identification card, which shall comply with the minimum requirements described in section 202(b) of the REAL ID Act of 2005 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/49/30301">49 U.S.C. 30301</external-xref> note), prior to—</text> <clause id="id20BF80BF02CD4DA887A469783F9FAA44"><enum>(i)</enum><text>the release of the United States citizen covered individual from a term of imprisonment in a Federal prison; or</text> </clause><clause id="id98D432F2A9C0448380977519A8991E15"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>the release of the United States citizen covered individual from a sentence to a term in community confinement.</text> </clause></subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="P52BC287C4B49BC67596892BBD23C586"><enum>(B)</enum><header display-inline="yes-display-inline">Assistance in obtaining documents</header> <clause commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="id17C4E809E21B42E0B0BD568B482F9B2B"><enum>(i)</enum><header>In general</header><text>Subject to clause (iii), for the purpose of issuing an identification card under this subsection, the Director shall obtain, on behalf of United States citizen covered individuals—</text> <subclause commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="id259FC34B1ACC47A485E47B8BFF6D523A"><enum>(I)</enum><text>a social security card; and</text> </subclause><subclause commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="idFB0D445D86FF474F8C0BD8F7DB04EB8B"><enum>(II)</enum><text>a document described in clause (ii) as proof of United States citizenship.</text> </subclause></clause><clause commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="idC6207D09DF3547DFAABB86E35B78EECA"><enum>(ii)</enum><header>Proof of United States citizenship</header><text>A document described in this clause is—</text> <subclause id="id206c992229654f34b0d6bc328e5f61d4"><enum>(I)</enum><text>a United States passport;</text> </subclause><subclause id="id16a0d8c4144b4cddb6b73f52bbdffe71"><enum>(II)</enum><text>an original or certified copy of a birth certificate that indicates that the individual was born in the United States or a territory of the United States;</text> </subclause><subclause id="id82b0d5eadf1e43a4a8b5708fb5488aaf"><enum>(III)</enum><text>in the case of a United States citizen born inside the United States for whom a document described in subclause (I) or (II) is not available, any document described in subsection (a), (b), or (c) of section 435.407 of title 42, Code of Federal Regulations, or any successor thereto; or</text> </subclause><subclause id="id26c3dfd3279c4036be8c8c16f87158ec"><enum>(IV)</enum><text>in the case of a United States citizen born outside the United States, an original or certified copy of—</text> <item id="id3d7359c5f66f47ad887ff387d9cda438"><enum>(aa)</enum><text>a certificate of naturalization (Form N–550 or N–570);</text> </item><item id="id317e8fd34cf740afb3fa579d11f4c2a8"><enum>(bb)</enum><text>a consular report of birth abroad (Form FS–240);</text> </item><item id="idc68cfd43e4294cd7ad8b5871fcc46664"><enum>(cc)</enum><text>a certification of birth abroad (Form FS–545);</text> </item><item id="id704437fec3344543acabcd9b86c4ae43"><enum>(dd)</enum><text>a certification of report of birth (Form DS–1350); or</text> </item><item id="idd2c252c15b4b4b9aad21378782067ba2"><enum>(ee)</enum><text>a certificate of citizenship (Form N–560).</text> </item></subclause></clause><clause commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="id6D35B2C877AE4AA19A6C9610450C055D"><enum>(iii)</enum><header>Exceptions</header> <subclause commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="idB410CB7086794BA8828167F0BAEB01C8"><enum>(I)</enum><header>Lack of response from Federal or State agency</header><text>If the Director cannot obtain a copy of a document required under clause (i) because of inaction by the Federal or State agency from which the document was requested, the Director shall provide to the United States citizen covered individual—</text> <item commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="idF5A3B7E71F6B4E5D9683FCACB441F278"><enum>(aa)</enum><text>a written statement that explains what steps the Director took in trying to obtain the document; and</text> </item><item commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="idAD25BB623C4C4B5D9921EF7416000D9D"><enum>(bb)</enum><text>any documents transmitted to the Director by the Federal or State agency in response to the request for the document.</text> </item></subclause><subclause commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="id8A1EA8DE4BD44105B836C41D08B158E1"><enum>(II)</enum><header>Lack of authorization from United States citizen covered individual</header><text>If the Director cannot obtain a copy of a document required under clause (i) because the United States citizen covered individual does not provide the authorization required to obtain the document, the Director shall provide a written statement to the United States citizen covered individual that explains why the document was not obtained.</text> </subclause></clause></subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="id3D6748B45E904A758157210C85C2E419"><enum>(C)</enum><header>Provision of documents</header><text>Upon issuance of an identification card to a covered individual under this paragraph, the Director shall provide all documents obtained for the United States citizen covered individual under subparagraph (B).</text> </subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="id8D7452066A1A431881F677A62C12D263"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Obtaining documents for noncitizens</header> <subparagraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="idF92720D47206468682386D7D4E04BCB6"><enum>(A)</enum><header>In general</header><text>With respect to a noncitizen covered individual, the Director shall assist in obtaining from the Director of the U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services—</text> <clause commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="id8B93CD4803344031BDDE4BBB4B45DF35"><enum>(i)</enum><text>proof of lawful status in the United States of the noncitizen covered individual; and</text> </clause><clause commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="id85B19C8E4EE9485CA066E2EE855BD832"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>in the case of a noncitizen covered individual who is not admitted for lawful permanent residence, an employment authorization document.</text> </clause></subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="id92C53CA75F0247E089C21E437C5D5432"><enum>(B)</enum><header>Assistance</header><text>The assistance provided by the Director under subparagraph (A) shall include—</text> <clause commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="id5E5D284882FA43E8B7A4AB077E9A6D1E"><enum>(i)</enum><text>providing the noncitizen covered individual with applicable U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services forms and instructions; and</text> </clause><clause commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="id0065F3B020A24828BDAE1F638EADF42A"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>assisting the noncitizen covered individual in completing and submitting such forms, together with any required supporting documentation.</text> </clause></subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="idC69273ADE6C941E99306A991842E5D2B"><enum>(C)</enum><header>Provision of documents</header><text>Upon receipt of a document for a noncitizen covered individual under this paragraph, the Director shall provide such document to the noncitizen covered individual.</text> </subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="idE54FE0B1C54E44DBBCD3CBD015C03C82"><enum>(4)</enum><header display-inline="yes-display-inline">Assistance developing release plan</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">At the request of a direct-release prisoner, a representative of the United States Probation System shall, prior to the release of that prisoner, help that prisoner develop a release plan.</text></paragraph></subsection><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block> </section>D
Police Reform
<enum>XII<?LEXA-Enum XII?></enum><header>PRIDE Act </header> <section display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H334DB568423F48C98B889A0935D9D240" section-type="subsequent-section"><enum>1201.</enum><header>Short title</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">This title may be cited as the <quote><short-title>Police Reporting Information, Data, and Evidence Act of 2019</short-title></quote> or the <quote><short-title>PRIDE Act</short-title></quote>.</text> </section><section display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HA6BA4C4F97A64E0386FF0A0C0AB2111C"><enum>1202.</enum><header>Definitions</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">In this title:</text> <paragraph display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HFA2D16428AC14C85851F682ECF6CE6DD"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Byrne grant program</header><text>The term <term>Byrne grant program</term> means any grant program under subpart 1 of part E of title I of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/34/10151">34 U.S.C. 10151</external-xref> et seq.), without regard to whether the funds are characterized as being made available under the Edward Byrne Memorial State and Local Law Enforcement Assistance Programs, the Local Government Law Enforcement Block Grants Program, the Edward Byrne Memorial Justice Assistance Grant Program, or otherwise.</text> </paragraph><paragraph display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H569264A21A98402DA1D4B1D23A563D3C"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Indian Tribe</header><text>The term <term>Indian Tribe</term> has the meaning given the term <quote>Indian tribe</quote> in section 901 of title I of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/34/10251">34 U.S.C. 10251</external-xref>).</text> </paragraph><paragraph display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HD5B054F8ABBA450FB37306D1E57C83F2"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Law enforcement officer</header><text>The term <term>law enforcement officer</term> means any officer, agent, or employee of a State, unit of local government, or Indian Tribe authorized by law or by a government agency to engage in or supervise the prevention, detection, or investigation of any violation of criminal law.</text> </paragraph><paragraph display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H66BB0D970FA1466E94FC23B423DC46F9"><enum>(4)</enum><header>State</header><text>The term <term>State</term> has the meaning given the term in section 901 of title I of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/34/10251">34 U.S.C. 10251</external-xref>).</text> </paragraph><paragraph display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H511186C7BF9E4EF9BF660042C4F217C1"><enum>(5)</enum><header>Use of force</header><text>The term <term>use of force</term> includes the use of a firearm, Taser, explosive device, chemical agent (such as pepper spray), baton, impact projectile, blunt instrument, hand, fist, foot, canine, or vehicle against an individual.</text> </paragraph></section><section display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H43245A1D11D84C4EA61E167F5D6AD715"><enum>1203.</enum><header>Use of force reporting</header> <subsection display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H3557FDFFCFE944C9B518B7BECC943C2C"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Reporting requirements</header> <paragraph display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HAF3057E560E74578957B6B547724B408"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In general</header><text>Beginning in the first fiscal year beginning after the date of enactment of this Act and each fiscal year thereafter in which a State or Indian Tribe receives funds under a Byrne grant program, the State or Indian Tribe shall—</text> <subparagraph display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H67A9531E16AA40A786804461BD84E8E8"><enum>(A)</enum><text>report to the Attorney General, on a quarterly basis and pursuant to guidelines established by the Attorney General, information regarding—</text> <clause id="HD3BB022D45864F98B55877EAFBEFBB42"><enum>(i)</enum><text>any incident involving the shooting of a civilian by a law enforcement officer who is employed—</text> <subclause id="H505BC01DB28E4873BDFF1F512B8F95C2"><enum>(I)</enum><text>in the case of an Indian Tribe, by the Indian Tribe; or</text> </subclause><subclause id="HE4B94467A23B47C8BA9B3D8F4DBA2F43"><enum>(II)</enum><text>in the case of a State, by the State or by a unit of local government in the State;</text> </subclause></clause><clause id="H08742232FDC04E3595C814DCA8BBB7A0"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>any incident involving the shooting of a law enforcement officer described in clause (i) by a civilian; and</text> </clause><clause id="HBEF4992741EA4847AC8A650791E023A4"><enum>(iii)</enum><text>any incident in which use of force by or against a law enforcement officer described in clause (i) occurs, which is not reported under clause (i) or (ii);</text> </clause></subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HB1FFDBAD601F42DEA535AD1435A53487"><enum>(B)</enum><text>establish a system and a set of policies to ensure that all use of force incidents are reported by law enforcement officers; and</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HE560FC263E2142229F45C170B8DB325D"><enum>(C)</enum><text>submit to the Attorney General a plan for the collection of data required to be reported under this section, including any modifications to a previously submitted data collection plan.</text> </subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H83C57EC38153445E8CAA168896FE1337"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Report information required</header> <subparagraph display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HD5304857DD0F4EB8916D9764C24C7C89"><enum>(A)</enum><header>In general</header><text>The report required under paragraph (1)(A) shall contain information that includes, at a minimum—</text> <clause display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H5264C0AA7F394882B14FF47B44BEFBCC"><enum>(i)</enum><text>the national origin, sex, race, ethnicity, age, physical disability, mental disability, English language proficiency, housing status, and school status of each civilian against whom a law enforcement officer used force;</text> </clause><clause id="HDE497401A0994ACC8B7BD6DBC40D1F47"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>the date, time, and location, including zip code, of the incident and whether the jurisdiction in which the incident occurred allows for the open-carry or concealed-carry of a firearm;</text> </clause><clause id="H50CB2A533ADD4EB9B839428A05F02307"><enum>(iii)</enum><text>whether the civilian was armed, and, if so, the type of weapon the civilian had;</text> </clause><clause id="H9DE49DC9D4634C18B5412A5DFDD3A16F"><enum>(iv)</enum><text>the type of force used against the officer, the civilian, or both, including the types of weapons used;</text> </clause><clause id="H73DEB15676DE4BD7B3A44FBEA36938AC"><enum>(v)</enum><text>the reason force was used;</text> </clause><clause id="HE0B6B3F300F841A5BC298AECD236C029"><enum>(vi)</enum><text>a description of any injuries sustained as a result of the incident;</text> </clause><clause id="H19DE01F84DDC440F83EE8FB827AF50B8"><enum>(vii)</enum><text>the number of officers involved in the incident;</text> </clause><clause id="H204B0B00662D4B8FAEDC869060AE6306"><enum>(viii)</enum><text>the number of civilians involved in the incident; and</text> </clause><clause commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HC85E6CF90C304AF3BEC05518BF65DABF"><enum>(ix)</enum><text>a brief description regarding the circumstances surrounding the incident, which shall include information on—</text> <subclause id="H252A3FBB42084AF490D8E9698777B580"><enum>(I)</enum><text>the type of force used by all involved persons;</text> </subclause><subclause id="H163824B8DC1442D69054AE8672BB0240"><enum>(II)</enum><text>the legitimate police objective necessitating the use of force;</text> </subclause><subclause id="HBAB99D95AA4F46EFB8C043BF2CEFA6AB"><enum>(III)</enum><text>the resistance encountered by each law enforcement officer involved in the incident;</text> </subclause><subclause id="H662CBC5BF94E4F7DABFCFAA91291BDEF"><enum>(IV)</enum><text>the efforts by law enforcement officers to—</text> <item id="H55F2574AF1724482B66896F46135B185"><enum>(aa)</enum><text>de-escalate the situation in order to avoid the use of force; or</text> </item><item id="HCE094EF14B994FE998A9C981235F6E3B"><enum>(bb)</enum><text>minimize the level of force used; and</text> </item></subclause><subclause id="H9D4FAD044BDE455F820FFB1CCB5C45AC"><enum>(V)</enum><text>if applicable, the reason why efforts described in subclause (IV) were not attempted.</text> </subclause></clause></subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H4D01948E36ED47EAB17C5238C0D24467"><enum>(B)</enum><header display-inline="yes-display-inline">Incidents reported under Death in Custody Reporting Act</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">A State is not required to include in a report under subsection (a)(1) an incident reported by the State in accordance with section 20104(a)(2) of the Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/34/12104">34 U.S.C. 12104(a)(2)</external-xref>).</text> </subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HC985B21882BC4748B60F88FF7AEFF310"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Audit of use-of-force reporting</header><text>Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act, and each year thereafter, each State and Indian Tribe described in paragraph (1) shall—</text> <subparagraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H212215D06411422BA810C4E44DD08225"><enum>(A)</enum><text>conduct an audit of the use of force incident reporting system required to be established under paragraph (1)(B); and</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H734B7D881C4E484DBE4673A56C549AE4"><enum>(B)</enum><text>submit a report to the Attorney General on the audit conducted under subparagraph (A).</text> </subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H3277DB13536649039CD0F8668F892150"><enum>(4)</enum><header>Compliance procedure</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Prior to submitting a report under paragraph (1)(A), the State or Indian Tribe submitting such report shall compare the information compiled to be reported pursuant to clause (i) of paragraph (1)(A) to open-source data records, and shall revise such report to include any incident determined to be missing from the report based on such comparison. Failure to comply with the procedures described in the previous sentence shall be considered a failure to comply with the requirements of this section.</text> </paragraph></subsection><subsection commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HEBC40D682F784DD5B5309DF32E42C453"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Ineligibility for funds</header> <paragraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H3838EBB70BEA4304857FE09F0AB60CA3"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In general</header><text>For any fiscal year in which a State or Indian Tribe fails to comply with this section, the State or Indian Tribe, at the discretion of the Attorney General, shall be subject to not more than a 10-percent reduction of the funds that would otherwise be allocated for that fiscal year to the State or Indian Tribe under a Byrne grant program.</text> </paragraph><paragraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H2D3C4CDB4E17431CA1ACCB8E39B19CE8"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Reallocation</header><text>Amounts not allocated under a Byrne grant program in accordance with paragraph (1) to a State for failure to comply with this section shall be reallocated under the Byrne grant program to States that have not failed to comply with this section.</text> </paragraph></subsection><subsection commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H3246E3B18C414AFA95B650337F7D41C8"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Public availability of data</header> <paragraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HA32B4859FC7141B5B7F958E716B6953B"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In general</header><text>Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act, and each year thereafter, the Attorney General shall publish, and make available to the public, a report containing the data reported to the Attorney General under this section.</text> </paragraph><paragraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H316A545C8EDB4B76B454406D26704652"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Privacy protections</header><text>Nothing in this subsection shall be construed to supersede the requirements or limitations under section 552a of title 5, United States Code (commonly known as the <quote>Privacy Act of 1974</quote>).</text> </paragraph></subsection><subsection commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HA492B7DE37B94C879C5235CF1062E27C"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Guidance</header><text>Not later than 180 days after the date of enactment of this Act, the Attorney General, in coordination with the Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation, shall issue guidance on best practices relating to establishing standard data collection systems that capture the information required to be reported under subsection (a)(2), which shall include standard and consistent definitions for terms, including the term <term>use of force</term> which is consistent with the definition of such term in section 1202.</text> </subsection></section><section display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HEEF1A390FE0E43758320A0ABB01C68F8"><enum>1204.</enum><header>Community and law enforcement partnership grant program</header> <subsection id="HD9021AFB34B24BBCBFB40B26FD73C941"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Grants authorized</header><text>The Attorney General may make grants to eligible law enforcement agencies to be used for the activities described in subsection (c).</text> </subsection><subsection id="HB1E1DDF4E46942DB886AC0A61589D490"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Eligibility</header><text>In order to be eligible to receive a grant under this section a law enforcement agency shall—</text> <paragraph id="H5CB8DEF5E6A147458AB0CC018445D780"><enum>(1)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">be located in a State or Indian Tribe that receives funds under a Byrne grant program;</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="H4BB6B37BD6974F42B1E08329171569BB"><enum>(2)</enum><text>employ not more that 100 law enforcement officers;</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="HDA06A5B16C4541678107DA6B89B2298A"><enum>(3)</enum><text>demonstrate that the use of force policy for law enforcement officers employed by the law enforcement agency is publicly available; and</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="HFE2D0C2949F846AC967CEBB818289253"><enum>(4)</enum><text>establish and maintain a reporting system that may be used by members of the public to report incidents of use of force to the law enforcement agency.</text> </paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HEB784DA773A74BE58874B06BA878AD6A"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Activities described</header><text>A grant made under this section may be used by a law enforcement agency for—</text> <paragraph id="HCB2B451251CA4704B55D26A37A768845"><enum>(1)</enum><text>the cost of assisting the State or Indian Tribe in which the law enforcement agency is located in complying with the reporting requirements described in section 1203;</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="H4005BA14EA1D458CB4D1F6D590BB8630"><enum>(2)</enum><text>the cost of establishing necessary systems required to investigate and report incidents as required under subsection (b)(4);</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="H4F6B0557D26B4A6F8A1734D5597B4197"><enum>(3)</enum><text>public awareness campaigns designed to gain information from the public on use of force by or against law enforcement officers, including shootings, which may include tip lines, hotlines, and public service announcements; and</text> </paragraph><paragraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H18D45E15B7D84876A5AAA34D1B50D28E"><enum>(4)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">use of force training for law enforcement agencies and personnel, including training on de-escalation, implicit bias, crisis intervention techniques, and adolescent development.</text> </paragraph></subsection></section><section commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HED78B24660514654967BFA518E048376"><enum>1205.</enum><header>Compliance with reporting requirements</header> <subsection commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H5537B92A98F04081B81E3A466FE6A799"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act, and each year thereafter, the Attorney General shall conduct an audit and review of the information provided under this title to determine whether each State or Indian Tribe described in section 903(a)(1) is in compliance with the requirements of this title.</text> </subsection><subsection commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HEF04251732FE4572981A6FE9EAAF5AFD"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Consistency in data reporting</header> <paragraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H749F26E9B40A4BF787070DFF9F9F452A"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In general</header><text>Any data reported under this title shall be collected and reported in a manner consistent with existing programs of the Department of Justice that collect data on law enforcement officer encounters with civilians.</text> </paragraph><paragraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H939F0919AC7D41FF8F3F2BE4E74DB467"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Guidelines</header><text>The Attorney General shall—</text> <subparagraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H88F868BEDD7842EF8F317E14F83004AC"><enum>(A)</enum><text>issue guidelines on the reporting requirement under section 1203; and</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H58F98F230F7343CC9A90B4AEA95D0D1F"><enum>(B)</enum><text>seek public comment before finalizing the guidelines required under subparagraph (A).</text> </subparagraph></paragraph></subsection></section><section commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H81016BD6A49D418ABE4F13AAB936B330" section-type="subsequent-section"><enum>1206.</enum><header>Authorization of appropriations</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">There are authorized to be appropriated to the Attorney General such sums as are necessary to carry out this title.</text> </section><enum>XIII</enum><header>End Racial and Religious Profiling Act</header> <section id="H930689DDDB2B43AA99448B81E7C02A01" section-type="subsequent-section"><enum>1301.</enum><header>Short title</header> <text display-inline="no-display-inline">This title may be cited as the <quote><short-title>End Racial and Religious Profiling Act of 2019</short-title></quote> or <quote>ERRPA</quote>.</text> </section><section id="idF42076DCB52246319B7F57776D6C3CD3"><enum>1302.</enum><header>Definitions</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">In this title:</text> <paragraph id="H0961464642204EAEBFCEB27C18A55AF7"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Covered program</header><text>The term <term>covered program</term> means any program or activity funded in whole or in part with funds made available under—</text> <subparagraph id="H7B501CFDBA264521AA4C52691292683C"><enum>(A)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">the Edward Byrne Memorial Justice Assistance Grant Program under part E of title I of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/34/10151">34 U.S.C. 10151</external-xref> et seq.); and</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="H51A98AB2A1B34958A2B55C4126176903"><enum>(B)</enum><text>the <quote>Cops on the Beat</quote> program under part Q of title I of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/34/10381">34 U.S.C. 10381</external-xref> et seq.), except that no program, project, or other activity specified in section 1701(b)(13) of such part shall be a covered program under this paragraph.</text> </subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H4046777D30A949C4B14636E4E114E841"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Governmental body</header><text>The term <term>governmental body</term> means any department, agency, special purpose district, or other instrumentality of Federal, State, local, or Indian Tribal government.</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="id641924740AC543ECB2E3D4C842910A57"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Hit rate</header><text>The term <term>hit rate</term> means the percentage of stops and searches in which a law enforcement officer finds drugs, a gun, or something else that leads to an arrest. The hit rate is calculated by dividing the total number of searches by the number of searches that yield contraband. The hit rate is complementary to the rate of false stops.</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="H47DED0780CB84413B5F2265873AC3ECB"><enum>(4)</enum><header>Indian Tribe</header><text>The term <term>Indian Tribe</term> has the meaning given the term <quote>Indian tribe</quote> in section 102 of the Federally Recognized Indian Tribe List Act of 1994 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/25/5130">25 U.S.C. 5130</external-xref>).</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="HCA5466818739482B906EC86083DE12C7"><enum>(5)</enum><header>Law enforcement agency</header><text>The term <term>law enforcement agency</term> means any Federal, State, local, or Indian Tribal public agency engaged in the prevention, detection, or investigation of violations of criminal, immigration, or customs laws.</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="H572649416216494AADFDDAB527473F4F"><enum>(6)</enum><header>Law enforcement agent</header><text>The term <term>law enforcement agent</term> means any Federal, State, local, or Indian Tribal official responsible for enforcing criminal, immigration, or customs laws, including police officers and other agents of a law enforcement agency.</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="H89EE4185D0F243CDA329C7B66FFAD815"><enum>(7)</enum><header>Racial profiling</header><text>The term <term>racial profiling</term> means the practice of a law enforcement agent or agency relying, to any degree, on actual or perceived race, ethnicity, national origin, religion, gender, gender identity, or sexual orientation in selecting which individual to subject to routine or spontaneous investigatory activities or in deciding upon the scope and substance of law enforcement activity following the initial investigatory procedure, except when there is trustworthy information, relevant to the locality and timeframe, that links a person with a particular characteristic described in this paragraph to an identified criminal incident or scheme.</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="H63BDBD77E2584BFF94BA974A77D916C5"><enum>(8)</enum><header>Routine or spontaneous investigatory activities</header><text>The term <term>routine or spontaneous investigatory activities</term> means the following activities by a law enforcement agent:</text> <subparagraph id="HD5AED2A1871D4210847BF535FC983D5D"><enum>(A)</enum><text>Interviews.</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="HB8F1BDE1F498464CAE13AF8644EE38DA"><enum>(B)</enum><text>Traffic stops.</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="HF3891DEFB7FA4F54AD5812AAAACED16E"><enum>(C)</enum><text>Pedestrian stops.</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="HC9C30DCF1A354031B7A9453FA2DCFA43"><enum>(D)</enum><text>Frisks and other types of body searches.</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="H8E1C4942E6004C15895C858B1B7E7B63"><enum>(E)</enum><text>Consensual or nonconsensual searches of the persons, property, or possessions (including vehicles) of individuals using any form of public or private transportation, including motorists and pedestrians.</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="IDd90e1364dfb84d2d968f2c2199afe258"><enum>(F)</enum><text>Data collection and analysis, assessments, and predicated investigations.</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="HDE13941DBA01498B8FA9BE3789C44E5C"><enum>(G)</enum><text>Inspections and interviews of entrants into the United States that are more extensive than those customarily carried out.</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="H6C4691EA756D47EAA7C8D69CCC6FBFC3"><enum>(H)</enum><text>Immigration-related workplace investigations.</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="HDEBEBE15B1A44061A6E370BEF5B313FB"><enum>(I)</enum><text>Such other types of law enforcement encounters compiled for or by the Federal Bureau of Investigation or the Department of Justice Bureau of Justice Statistics.</text> </subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="HE9A8192D819043259D9F701761D4E7AC"><enum>(9)</enum><header>Reasonable request</header><text>The term <term>reasonable request</term> means all requests for information, except for those that—</text> <subparagraph commented="no" id="H45D6E4D1DA054240B8522261609E57F3"><enum>(A)</enum><text>are immaterial to the investigation;</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" id="H1335173B8FA44F27B0EA2EA65EEBF181"><enum>(B)</enum><text>would result in the unnecessary disclosure of personal information; or</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" id="HECDCEAAD2843429F96558A97351FCC76"><enum>(C)</enum><text>would place a severe burden on the resources of the law enforcement agency given its size.</text> </subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H874CF000C39F40FEBBE47BBEDA496DC8"><enum>(10)</enum><header>State</header><text>The term <term>State</term> means each of the 50 States, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, and any other territory or possession of the United States.</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="HB5B6F44CA8094B938F141E36D74E5F56"><enum>(11)</enum><header>Unit of local government</header><text>The term <term>unit of local government</term> means—</text> <subparagraph id="H13651B0EF0CB48B88B04B6DB2BB5A1D9"><enum>(A)</enum><text>any city, county, township, town, borough, parish, village, or other general purpose political subdivision of a State;</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="H33B3E1D756BB40AB9558E128EE938E68"><enum>(B)</enum><text>any law enforcement district or judicial enforcement district that—</text> <clause id="HAFE4562D801D47EBB24B10D5E3E944B8"><enum>(i)</enum><text>is established under applicable State law; and</text> </clause><clause id="H15F9D7D882B04D52BF551AC980244873"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>has the authority to, in a manner independent of other State entities, establish a budget and impose taxes; or</text> </clause></subparagraph><subparagraph id="H5B6C7C1A9EB94D028D81E135D12D4FDA"><enum>(C)</enum><text>any Indian Tribe that performs law enforcement functions, as determined by the Secretary of the Interior.</text> </subparagraph></paragraph></section><subtitle id="H0D992D35672A44A081EF792200581CBB"><enum>A</enum><header>Prohibition of Racial Profiling</header> <section id="H84C0187FE5804905B508871E3D57705F"><enum>1311.</enum><header>Prohibition</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">No law enforcement agent or law enforcement agency shall engage in racial profiling.</text> </section><section id="H7D4A84D8851C40EEAF1E0F3B4652B987"><enum>1312.</enum><header>Enforcement</header> <subsection id="H46C17A92F8A046019D3B7DE6920D37C6"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Remedy</header><text>The United States, or an individual injured by racial profiling, may enforce this subtitle in a civil action for declaratory or injunctive relief, filed either in a State court of general jurisdiction or in a district court of the United States.</text> </subsection><subsection id="HAA5AD8DEDBC44F9787672FD9415E00E9"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Parties</header><text>In any action brought under this subtitle, relief may be obtained against—</text> <paragraph id="H0506810B221144FFA44C0BF15F53DA28"><enum>(1)</enum><text>any governmental body that employed any law enforcement agent who engaged in racial profiling;</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="HDF52E61DE7B842E19140A9E3BF5C67BF"><enum>(2)</enum><text>any agent of such body who engaged in racial profiling; and</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="H458E99BFE0574672AA48284E3D2930B4"><enum>(3)</enum><text>any person with supervisory authority over such agent.</text> </paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HB9A04E8B46B24B63A05261708894EFA5"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Nature of proof</header><text>Proof that the routine or spontaneous investigatory activities of law enforcement agents in a jurisdiction have had a disparate impact on individuals with a particular characteristic described in section 1302(7) shall constitute prima facie evidence of a violation of this subtitle.</text> </subsection><subsection id="HD256EE61F8EC444CB8E14F477041E7DB"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Attorney’s fees</header><text>In any action or proceeding to enforce this subtitle against any governmental body, the court may allow a prevailing plaintiff, other than the United States, reasonable attorney’s fees as part of the costs, and may include expert fees as part of the attorney’s fee.</text> </subsection></section></subtitle><subtitle id="H788B0D9EDB1243218380FB15A61EF02F"><enum>B</enum><header>Programs To Eliminate Racial Profiling By Federal Law Enforcement Agencies</header> <section id="H3088BDF68462498987255F508F150513"><enum>1321.</enum><header>Policies to eliminate racial profiling</header> <subsection id="H7A419D059FFA497BB21CE43CC4487079"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In general</header><text>Federal law enforcement agencies shall—</text> <paragraph id="H355CA6015356465EACA9C875B7499A55"><enum>(1)</enum><text>maintain adequate policies and procedures designed to eliminate racial profiling; and</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="H418AB091C7854B5F820E24C5A8122635"><enum>(2)</enum><text>cease existing practices that permit racial profiling.</text> </paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H29A4B8645132425B9EB6BAF9BB310335"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Policies</header><text>The policies and procedures described in <internal-xref idref="H355CA6015356465EACA9C875B7499A55" legis-path="201.(a)(1)">subsection (a)(1)</internal-xref> shall include—</text> <paragraph id="H89DFB1BF2E8E46DCBFDC0F741E2FAEBA"><enum>(1)</enum><text>a prohibition on racial profiling;</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="H15777CB1ACC14B89AC7FACDA6D58C2F5"><enum>(2)</enum><text>training on racial profiling issues as part of Federal law enforcement training;</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="HE672338B584747B4AFDB4D1460815DB0"><enum>(3)</enum><text>the collection of data in accordance with the regulations issued by the Attorney General under section 1341;</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="H32B4E88DD8094609AE136B7664E3FA76"><enum>(4)</enum><text>procedures for receiving, investigating, and responding meaningfully to complaints alleging racial profiling by law enforcement agents; and</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="H28563F94C11B4D9B99BB5223276564CD"><enum>(5)</enum><text>any other policies and procedures the Attorney General determines to be necessary to eliminate racial profiling by Federal law enforcement agencies.</text> </paragraph></subsection></section></subtitle><subtitle id="HFBF845670CCF4F8084B6E2C8E5F39470"><enum>C</enum><header>Programs To Eliminate Racial Profiling By State, Local, and Indian Tribal Law Enforcement Agencies</header> <section id="H8FCB3EC9AA104FCEB73CA4A1E065D8F6"><enum>1331.</enum><header>Policies required for grants</header> <subsection id="H67F50391B13044408988CCE5A95D76AF"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In general</header><text>An application by a State, a unit of local government, or a State, local, or Indian Tribal law enforcement agency for funding under a covered program shall include a certification that such State, unit of local government, or law enforcement agency, and any law enforcement agency to which it will distribute funds—</text> <paragraph id="HB71FDF4232AD4FE4909F89B84AE95C8C"><enum>(1)</enum><text>maintains adequate policies and procedures designed to eliminate racial profiling; and</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="H24B232D9D77B42B18D3B0CD47C373255"><enum>(2)</enum><text>has eliminated any existing practices that permit or encourage racial profiling.</text> </paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H0702CF09DBA241D1A34DE9047ABB3BA5"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Policies</header><text>The policies and procedures described in <internal-xref idref="HB71FDF4232AD4FE4909F89B84AE95C8C" legis-path="301.(a)(1)">subsection (a)(1)</internal-xref> shall include—</text> <paragraph id="H23745742FFBF481F9222821C02BD6E0F"><enum>(1)</enum><text>a prohibition on racial profiling;</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="HEC0EC3CE310A45D6AB825037E0280ED9"><enum>(2)</enum><text>training on racial profiling issues as part of law enforcement training;</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="H0A54A58098524B8DBDEB434FF136C0CB"><enum>(3)</enum><text>the collection of data in accordance with the regulations issued by the Attorney General under section 1341; and</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="HD4952642452E44B0A35181199004DD43"><enum>(4)</enum><text>participation in an administrative complaint procedure or independent audit program that meets the requirements of <internal-xref idref="H35519E48C1554D57A13A758B226AED63" legis-path="302.">section 1332</internal-xref>.</text> </paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HBB7F8AF095D642569A51ADFA7247075A"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Effective date</header><text>This section shall take effect 12 months after the date of enactment of this Act.</text> </subsection></section><section id="H35519E48C1554D57A13A758B226AED63"><enum>1332.</enum><header>Involvement of Attorney General</header> <subsection id="H7E234435599940B0B2DB271296EAFC6A"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Regulations</header> <paragraph id="HC6E61E430A8E4C5098D8ED3203E33A28"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Not later than 6 months after the date of enactment of this Act and in consultation with stakeholders, including Federal, State, Tribal, and local law enforcement agencies and community, professional, research, and civil rights organizations, the Attorney General shall issue regulations for the operation of administrative complaint procedures and independent audit programs to ensure that such programs and procedures provide an appropriate response to allegations of racial profiling by law enforcement agents or agencies.</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="H4CFEE394BCDD44249CDBAFFE18608585"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Guidelines</header><text>The regulations issued under <internal-xref idref="HC6E61E430A8E4C5098D8ED3203E33A28" legis-path="302.(a)(1)">paragraph (1)</internal-xref> shall contain guidelines that ensure the fairness, effectiveness, and independence of the administrative complaint procedures and independent auditor programs.</text> </paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H026FA1BE3B5A4179B1D44F70F7D97284"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Noncompliance</header><text>If the Attorney General determines that the recipient of a grant from any covered program is not in compliance with the requirements of <internal-xref idref="H8FCB3EC9AA104FCEB73CA4A1E065D8F6" legis-path="301.">section 1331</internal-xref> or the regulations issued under <internal-xref idref="H7E234435599940B0B2DB271296EAFC6A" legis-path="302.(a)">subsection (a)</internal-xref>, the Attorney General shall withhold, in whole or in part (at the discretion of the Attorney General), funds for one or more grants to the recipient under the covered program, until the recipient establishes compliance.</text> </subsection><subsection id="H2FFDF0E314BC4E48BBFF20D9A06555A1"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Private parties</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The Attorney General shall provide notice and an opportunity for private parties to present evidence to the Attorney General that a recipient of a grant from any covered program is not in compliance with the requirements of this subtitle.</text> </subsection></section><section id="H199DDA6C19214704BFA6A2C9420A428A"><enum>1333.</enum><header>Data collection demonstration project</header> <subsection id="H237ED49E18B948E0BF994A8DEB53C802"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Competitive awards</header> <paragraph id="H4193C1D68727496A8303EE68F3F4B339"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In general</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The Attorney General may, through competitive grants or contracts, carry out a 2-year demonstration project for the purpose of developing and implementing data collection programs on the hit rates for stops and searches by law enforcement agencies. The data collected shall be disaggregated by race, ethnicity, national origin, gender, and religion.</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="H63EADB4612094371B8EC7F2734984391"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Number of grants</header><text>The Attorney General shall provide not more than 5 grants or contracts under this section.</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="H28AA9F720C3D479BB55DBE8A9DBCEAA4"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Eligible grantees</header><text>Grants or contracts under this section shall be awarded to law enforcement agencies that serve communities where there is a significant concentration of racial or ethnic minorities and that are not already collecting data voluntarily.</text> </paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H7D517B2494A04ED9890FF30D8EF438FE"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Required activities</header><text>Activities carried out with a grant under this section shall include—</text> <paragraph id="HF04AF02C6E1A44F5BF2A8E26C9874A21"><enum>(1)</enum><text>developing a data collection tool and reporting the compiled data to the Attorney General; and</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="HBFC5B21409CD4C0A867E4FA03A19B72B"><enum>(2)</enum><text>training of law enforcement personnel on data collection, particularly for data collection on hit rates for stops and searches.</text> </paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H62ACFDA956794AAA85718CF92A3B398E"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Evaluation</header><text>Not later than 3 years after the date of enactment of this Act, the Attorney General shall enter into a contract with an institution of higher education (as defined in section 101 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/20/1001">20 U.S.C. 1001</external-xref>)) to analyze the data collected by each of the grantees funded under this section.</text> </subsection><subsection id="H81E2D3C5320E48A4ABFE006A520C32B7"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Authorization of appropriations</header><text>There are authorized to be appropriated to carry out activities under this section—</text> <paragraph id="HCA00D1834B2340FA9E35D70A5E9A3C65"><enum>(1)</enum><text>$5,000,000, over a 2-year period, to carry out the demonstration program under <internal-xref idref="H237ED49E18B948E0BF994A8DEB53C802" legis-path="303.(a)">subsection (a)</internal-xref>; and</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="H38318938AB95468C80C3D6E56B76E464"><enum>(2)</enum><text>$500,000 to carry out the evaluation under <internal-xref idref="H62ACFDA956794AAA85718CF92A3B398E" legis-path="303.(c)">subsection (c)</internal-xref>.</text> </paragraph></subsection></section><section id="HCF235B0BF9D94133A1EAC602BA5A8631"><enum>1334.</enum><header>Best practices development grants</header> <subsection id="H360AC16346C9444B8B582CBABD865ABE"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Grant authorization</header><text>The Attorney General, through the Bureau of Justice Assistance, may make grants to States, local law enforcement agencies, and units of local government to develop and implement best practice devices and systems to eliminate racial profiling.</text> </subsection><subsection id="H236E1E2347034CC9B941DFE568572495"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Use of funds</header><text>The funds provided under <internal-xref idref="H360AC16346C9444B8B582CBABD865ABE" legis-path="304.(a)">subsection (a)</internal-xref> shall be used for programs that include the following purposes:</text> <paragraph id="HD32A9B053F3047DA869F34D88B41FB26"><enum>(1)</enum><text>The development and implementation of training to prevent racial profiling and to encourage more respectful interaction with the public.</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="H58A9CF5AEFDA4BA5BA47663DB56E2971"><enum>(2)</enum><text>The acquisition and use of technology to facilitate the accurate collection and analysis of data.</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="H692B86D5E8A141C3B95073888CF5812E"><enum>(3)</enum><text>The development and acquisition of feedback systems and technologies that identify officers or units of officers engaged in, or at risk of engaging in, racial profiling or other misconduct.</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="HA681C9C984454DCB8FE76B7C3A08D27F"><enum>(4)</enum><text>The establishment and maintenance of an administrative complaint procedure or independent auditor program.</text> </paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H3C97B6D8AC3840848F27A3A9E757193F"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Equitable distribution</header><text>The Attorney General shall ensure that grants under this section are awarded in a manner that reserves an equitable share of funding for small and rural law enforcement agencies.</text> </subsection><subsection id="HA0AACC6E1E7449E0B4C5BBD6E899B46B"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Application</header><text>Each State, local law enforcement agency, or unit of local government desiring a grant under this section shall submit an application to the Attorney General at such time, in such manner, and accompanied by such information as the Attorney General may reasonably require.</text> </subsection></section><section id="HCDBFB37EB58A4637B065635200665144"><enum>1335.</enum><header>Authorization of appropriations</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">There are authorized to be appropriated such sums as are necessary to carry out this subtitle.</text> </section></subtitle><subtitle id="H7C2EECE492B744F9A661F678449A40DD"><enum>D</enum><header>Data Collection</header> <section id="HB6441D17274D464CA4E61899604B8D33"><enum>1341.</enum><header>Attorney General to issue regulations</header> <subsection id="H89065138D1B84649AF71C8C9B68916CE"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Regulations</header><text>Not later than 6 months after the date of enactment of this Act, the Attorney General, in consultation with stakeholders, including Federal, State, and local law enforcement agencies and community, professional, research, and civil rights organizations, shall issue regulations for the collection and compilation of data under sections 1321 and 1331.</text> </subsection><subsection id="H74D7D3E213364FB38A72EBCE87510AB3"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Requirements</header><text>The regulations issued under <internal-xref idref="H89065138D1B84649AF71C8C9B68916CE" legis-path="401.(a)">subsection (a)</internal-xref> shall—</text> <paragraph id="H84DE3E80D4254BB88C9D0E65720AFD55"><enum>(1)</enum><text>provide for the collection of data on all routine or spontaneous investigatory activities;</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="HEF095D8EB3F04E2FB2203ED84CC2DDC7"><enum>(2)</enum><text>provide that the data collected shall—</text> <subparagraph id="HE430D3C9A267410084DB6193943F6D3A"><enum>(A)</enum><text>be collected by race, ethnicity, national origin, gender, and religion, as perceived by the law enforcement officer;</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="H4A6A23535D89405BAD484A57645D5A2E"><enum>(B)</enum><text>include the date, time, and location of such investigatory activities;</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="H8A56DC239E504994B3F4A70AD2CFDF15"><enum>(C)</enum><text>include detail sufficient to permit an analysis of whether a law enforcement agency is engaging in racial profiling; and</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="idE95DDF0477894D0B9C367BDCEC258237"><enum>(D)</enum><text>not include personally identifiable information;</text> </subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H6C329B75952143AFB5E0302E520F591F"><enum>(3)</enum><text>provide that a standardized form shall be made available to law enforcement agencies for the submission of collected data to the Department of Justice;</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="HB700976CFFCB4B859DD890A728443EBA"><enum>(4)</enum><text>provide that law enforcement agencies shall compile data on the standardized form made available under <internal-xref idref="H6C329B75952143AFB5E0302E520F591F" legis-path="401.(b)(3)">paragraph (3)</internal-xref>, and submit the form to the Civil Rights Division and the Department of Justice Bureau of Justice Statistics;</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="HFB8BA80A44904A14BC38573D0B0BA1D6"><enum>(5)</enum><text>provide that law enforcement agencies shall maintain all data collected under this title for not less than 4 years;</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="H6E250F7FE5BC4B7B90A1340F4766D695"><enum>(6)</enum><text>include guidelines for setting comparative benchmarks, consistent with best practices, against which collected data shall be measured;</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="H4DEE52B8AF94411592CB9B55A064FD27"><enum>(7)</enum><text>provide that the Department of Justice Bureau of Justice Statistics shall—</text> <subparagraph id="H013FACB1660B4C59B8B0C582642D8D2C"><enum>(A)</enum><text>analyze the data for any statistically significant disparities, including—</text> <clause id="HAED01279F77D4823A41CDF9281EDE112"><enum>(i)</enum><text>disparities in the percentage of drivers or pedestrians stopped relative to the proportion of the population passing through the neighborhood;</text> </clause><clause id="H1582FE76D5AB4C27A2C8D66D403C1DA8"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>disparities in the hit rate; and</text> </clause><clause id="H89EE38C3E14A4B9A96AEC1E166158AA0"><enum>(iii)</enum><text>disparities in the frequency of searches performed on racial or ethnic minority drivers and the frequency of searches performed on nonminority drivers; and</text> </clause></subparagraph><subparagraph id="H568A12BCD4D84FB18ADC4433C78C9554"><enum>(B)</enum><text>not later than 3 years after the date of enactment of this Act, and annually thereafter—</text> <clause id="HEEB85C98817B418E902F5B750FB6947B"><enum>(i)</enum><text>prepare a report regarding the findings of the analysis conducted under <internal-xref idref="H013FACB1660B4C59B8B0C582642D8D2C" legis-path="401.(b)(7)(A)">subparagraph (A)</internal-xref>;</text> </clause><clause id="HF88FD7633C674DBBBA2F1BB52917FF7C"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>provide such report to Congress; and</text> </clause><clause id="H4D211208673C4496BC7BD2497554D5E4"><enum>(iii)</enum><text>make such report available to the public, including on a website of the Department of Justice; and</text> </clause></subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="ID12c646cc0f574af4ae8a1e700daea92c"><enum>(8)</enum><text>protect the privacy of individuals whose data is collected by—</text> <subparagraph id="IDfe6079f5a33b41248ea988b5802ca5df"><enum>(A)</enum><text>limiting the use of the data collected under this title to the purposes set forth in this title;</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="ID4ca8e9c0ddc84ac99a614326458a8a84"><enum>(B)</enum><text>except as otherwise provided in this title, limiting access to the data collected under this title to those Federal, State, local, or Tribal employees or agents who require such access in order to fulfill the purposes for the data set forth in this title;</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="ID7cf57cd47f324f3cb30ff78c6cb3276d"><enum>(C)</enum><text>requiring contractors or other nongovernmental agents who are permitted access to the data collected under this title to sign use agreements incorporating the use and disclosure restrictions set forth in subparagraph (A); and</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="ID91a8041ca13249c59890f768641001ce"><enum>(D)</enum><text>requiring the maintenance of adequate security measures to prevent unauthorized access to the data collected under this title.</text> </subparagraph></paragraph></subsection></section><section id="H5CD12F86558A4F83B2B71EAE7D0359E7"><enum>1342.</enum><header>Publication of data</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">The Department of Justice Bureau of Justice Statistics shall provide to Congress and make available to the public, together with each annual report described in <internal-xref idref="HB6441D17274D464CA4E61899604B8D33" legis-path="401.">section 1341</internal-xref>, the data collected pursuant to this title, excluding any personally identifiable information described in section 1343.</text> </section><section id="HC49F0475B4B24CA48BE243E7094F4E39"><enum>1343.</enum><header>Limitations on publication of data</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">The name or identifying information of a law enforcement officer, complainant, or any other individual involved in any activity for which data is collected and compiled under this title shall not be—</text> <paragraph id="HAA7F4924E49C42AB86792A1204AF6D5F"><enum>(1)</enum><text>released to the public;</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="H5B685F32A4D944DE8A3CFAAFCB1C283E"><enum>(2)</enum><text>disclosed to any person, except for—</text> <subparagraph id="id8E247193B1414625B88E99EA7A55117F"><enum>(A)</enum><text>such disclosures as are necessary to comply with this title;</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="IDba6693483b134269bb428f1c07149787"><enum>(B)</enum><text>disclosures of information regarding a particular person to that person; or</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="IDb0930a1d878348709d7bce8bdb60276c"><enum>(C)</enum><text>disclosures pursuant to litigation; or</text> </subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="HED2759AE8E9A4D878822148FE8824AF5"><enum>(3)</enum><text>subject to disclosure under section 552 of title 5, United States Code (commonly known as the Freedom of Information Act), except for disclosures of information regarding a particular person to that person.</text> </paragraph></section></subtitle><subtitle id="H3BEF4074B5E94D579FE68858F5194645"><enum>E</enum><header>Department of Justice Regulations and Reports on Racial Profiling in the United States</header> <section id="H5B2B16A40B284B39BFD697611B16FDC2"><enum>1351.</enum><header>Attorney General to issue regulations and reports</header> <subsection id="H3E4A7006CEFB475EACAE268A1ED11897"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Regulations</header><text>In addition to the regulations required under sections 1333 and 1341, the Attorney General shall issue such other regulations as the Attorney General determines are necessary to implement this title.</text> </subsection><subsection id="H3D3FD5AEA9154C05AF58A367A953AB31"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Reports</header> <paragraph id="H2F360F0769154767B46DA140850A30E8"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In general</header><text>Not later than 2 years after the date of enactment of this Act, and annually thereafter, the Attorney General shall submit to Congress a report on racial profiling by law enforcement agencies.</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="H4F89277967FF4C4EAA49FCC21F08731A"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Scope</header><text>Each report submitted under <internal-xref idref="H2F360F0769154767B46DA140850A30E8" legis-path="501.(b)(1)">paragraph (1)</internal-xref> shall include—</text> <subparagraph id="H24C56190150141DA9292047E20FCF74D"><enum>(A)</enum><text>a summary of data collected under sections 1321(b)(3) and 1331(b)(3) and from any other reliable source of information regarding racial profiling in the United States;</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="HBB309AC94C0F452D96AC95CD903EF3A3"><enum>(B)</enum><text>a discussion of the findings in the most recent report prepared by the Department of Justice Bureau of Justice Statistics under section 1341(b)(7);</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="H84C51047C41649338A66021F1FD06AE6"><enum>(C)</enum><text>the status of the adoption and implementation of policies and procedures by Federal law enforcement agencies under section 1321 and by the State and local law enforcement agencies under sections 1331 and 1332; and</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="H82E185FBAF594E62B3BEDF599870E5D8"><enum>(D)</enum><text>a description of any other policies and procedures that the Attorney General believes would facilitate the elimination of racial profiling.</text> </subparagraph></paragraph></subsection></section></subtitle><subtitle id="HFB1B14C4EE4949D08E37244CF1862257"><enum>F</enum><header>Miscellaneous Provisions</header> <section id="H856EF5F05D4A4BC1A5FB094D1849733D"><enum>1361.</enum><header>Severability</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">If any provision of this title, or the application of such a provision to any person or circumstance, is held to be unconstitutional, the remainder of this title and the application of the remaining provisions of this title to any person or circumstance shall not be affected thereby.</text> </section><section commented="no" id="HF7ED0CFFC22443F28E946699BE41BD86"><enum>1362.</enum><header>Savings clause</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">Nothing in this title shall be construed—</text> <paragraph commented="no" id="H1347BB70AD4147AAAD886C7586ACD3C8"><enum>(1)</enum><text>to limit legal or administrative remedies under section 1979 of the Revised Statutes of the United States (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/42/1983">42 U.S.C. 1983</external-xref>), section 210401 of the Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/34/12601">34 U.S.C. 12601</external-xref>), title I of the the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/34/10101">34 U.S.C. 10101</external-xref> et seq.), or title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/42/2000d">42 U.S.C. 2000d</external-xref> et seq.);</text> </paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="HB32DBB9E0DFC4C65A8EE9701BAEA07D2"><enum>(2)</enum><text>to affect any Federal, State, or Tribal law that applies to an Indian Tribe because of the political status of the tribe; or</text> </paragraph><paragraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H5039F066ACCC479CBF8D5742C87351ED"><enum>(3)</enum><text>to waive the sovereign immunity of an Indian Tribe without the consent of the tribe.</text> </paragraph></section></subtitle>