116 S383 IS: Utilizing Significant Emissions with Innovative Technologies Act
U.S. Senate
2019-02-07
text/xml
EN
Pursuant to Title 17 Section 105 of the United States Code, this file is not subject to copyright protection and is in the public domain.
1.This Act may be cited as the Utilizing Significant Emissions with Innovative Technologies Act
or the USE IT Act
. <enum>I</enum><header>Encouraging projects to reduce emissions</header> <section id="id6ff34ae7-2def-4f1d-92ba-4dfc897b68dd"><enum>101.</enum><header>Research, investigation, training, and other activities</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">Section 103 of the Clean Air Act (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/42/7403">42 U.S.C. 7403</external-xref>) is amended—</text>
<paragraph id="id6dc0f3ff-fffd-4f7d-8a57-5d1c3ed975b1"><enum>(1)</enum><text>in subsection (c)(3), in the first sentence of the matter preceding subparagraph (A), by striking <quote>percursors</quote> and inserting <quote>precursors</quote>; and</text> </paragraph> <paragraph id="ida1eac06b-e69c-4588-b30b-95270a1f8749"><enum>(2)</enum><text>in subsection (g)—</text>
<subparagraph id="id562a93ee-bd77-4c40-ae67-55b652214596"><enum>(A)</enum><text>by redesignating paragraphs (1) through (4) as subparagraphs (A) through (D), respectively, and indenting appropriately;</text> </subparagraph> <subparagraph id="id190edfd3-58ef-4811-8919-1d0e1625d5eb"><enum>(B)</enum><text>in the undesignated matter following subparagraph (D) (as so redesignated)—</text>
<clause id="id9a4afefc-dc5a-414c-a2eb-802fef834a6d"><enum>(i)</enum><text>in the second sentence, by striking <quote>The Administrator</quote> and inserting the following:</text> <quoted-block display-inline="no-display-inline" id="id23f944de-fbb1-484d-b07d-aec6ed5ec968" style="OLC"> <paragraph id="id4b93ad8f-3e05-424b-91d7-67937d95e5e8"><enum>(5)</enum><header>Coordination and avoidance of duplication</header><text>The Administrator</text></paragraph><after-quoted-block>; and</after-quoted-block></quoted-block> </clause>
<clause id="idb9513b67-86a2-438d-b178-de7cf67be905"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>in the first sentence, by striking <quote>Nothing</quote> and inserting the following:</text> <quoted-block display-inline="no-display-inline" id="id7e591ab8-d5c6-4472-a1fa-f31a4dc40ba2" style="OLC"> <paragraph id="idf6c26a6b-9dce-4480-a9e9-f47f9a750344"><enum>(4)</enum><header>Effect of subsection</header><text>Nothing</text></paragraph><after-quoted-block>;</after-quoted-block></quoted-block> </clause></subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="id5597b8f5-04c4-4521-8526-fcfe5b698927"><enum>(C)</enum><text>in the matter preceding subparagraph (A) (as so redesignated)—</text> <clause id="id87fc3837-d9ec-4ba9-bd6d-4959467bea39"><enum>(i)</enum><text>in the third sentence, by striking <quote>Such program</quote> and inserting the following:</text>
<quoted-block display-inline="no-display-inline" id="id4b756d99-6ae5-4844-af86-ab5a5703bd02" style="OLC">
<paragraph id="id63400f30-5eab-4adb-afa6-48f42b33d57c"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Program inclusions</header><text>The program under this subsection</text></paragraph><after-quoted-block>;</after-quoted-block></quoted-block> </clause> <clause id="id3138062d-138d-4226-b1e6-867feb149003"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>in the second sentence—</text>
<subclause id="id589019ef-bdda-42d3-8a33-b9dee9e803f1"><enum>(I)</enum><text>by inserting <quote>States, institutions of higher education,</quote> after <quote>scientists,</quote>; and</text> </subclause> <subclause id="id0fabbcc6-8b4c-40ee-8c15-7200d3bb1a89"><enum>(II)</enum><text>by striking <quote>Such strategies and technologies shall be developed</quote> and inserting the following:</text>
<quoted-block display-inline="no-display-inline" id="id38416e8a-70d3-42d5-be37-d350e8041a44" style="OLC">
<paragraph id="id22d2cf23-930f-4203-b54e-444c4d2cd03b"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Participation requirement</header><text>Such strategies and technologies described in paragraph (1) shall be developed</text></paragraph><after-quoted-block>; and</after-quoted-block></quoted-block> </subclause></clause> <clause id="ida3684d32-6389-4622-96ef-625c576d66d3"><enum>(iii)</enum><text>in the first sentence, by striking <quote>In carrying out</quote> and inserting the following:</text>
<quoted-block display-inline="no-display-inline" id="id19f7a04d-6974-46cf-815b-abf0e6933669" style="OLC">
<paragraph id="idc700b6aa-982a-4556-8ed1-ecdccb763e83"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In general</header><text>In carrying out</text></paragraph><after-quoted-block>; and</after-quoted-block></quoted-block> </clause></subparagraph> <subparagraph id="id3bd1d96f-9566-4536-8784-dce69673b5c7"><enum>(D)</enum><text>by adding at the end the following:</text>
<quoted-block display-inline="no-display-inline" id="id3d7f6cf7-33e4-4443-b37f-905c38a55331" style="OLC">
<paragraph id="idb28fe662-6a0c-4576-8e79-fc2f9ef94212"><enum>(6)</enum><header>Certain carbon dioxide activities</header>
<subparagraph id="ide0e010a7-a485-486e-98f9-528e44df2d26"><enum>(A)</enum><header>In general</header><text>In carrying out paragraph (3)(A) with respect to carbon dioxide, the Administrator shall carry out the activities described in each of subparagraphs (B), (C), (D), and (E).</text> </subparagraph> <subparagraph id="id2c8ba0f5-15f2-4900-8baf-42b88d31d3da"><enum>(B)</enum><header>Direct air capture research</header> <clause id="id8c9c797f-e51a-47aa-9b3b-b38988ff77aa"><enum>(i)</enum><header>Definitions</header><text>In this subparagraph:</text>
<subclause id="id9f8b180a-759c-46e8-bff4-b3fce1516a7f"><enum>(I)</enum><header>Board</header><text>The term <term>Board</term> means the Direct Air Capture Technology Advisory Board established by clause (iii)(I).</text> </subclause> <subclause id="idc14aa4dd-a717-425a-b590-6561cac45b54"><enum>(II)</enum><header>Dilute</header><text>The term <term>dilute</term> means a concentration of less than 1 percent by volume.</text> </subclause>
<subclause id="id7f126c12-4280-4edf-a8af-5b9760a1154d"><enum>(III)</enum><header>Direct air capture</header>
<item id="id42554dd2-ae71-45a0-bd71-7a1662cf533f"><enum>(aa)</enum><header>In general</header><text>The term <term>direct air capture</term>, with respect to a facility, technology, or system, means that the facility, technology, or system uses carbon capture equipment to capture carbon dioxide directly from the air.</text> </item> <item id="id85b0d3f8-f2db-4479-a18e-c42c7b16638f"><enum>(bb)</enum><header>Exclusion</header><text>The term <term>direct air capture</term> does not include any facility, technology, or system that captures carbon dioxide—</text>
<subitem id="id8f3d9604-1fb6-4738-b255-dd27a0b0ffee"><enum>(AA)</enum><text>that is deliberately released from a naturally occurring subsurface spring; or</text> </subitem> <subitem id="id50249072-de48-4def-8e3f-1fbe09414f16"><enum>(BB)</enum><text>using natural photosynthesis.</text> </subitem></item></subclause>
<subclause id="id2b298fdf-a492-4b3c-9065-75df21523080"><enum>(IV)</enum><header>Intellectual property</header><text>The term <term>intellectual property</term> means—</text> <item id="id55ef327c-ce63-4fd1-86d0-9a67fdc71040"><enum>(aa)</enum><text>an invention that is patentable under title 35, United States Code; and</text> </item>
<item id="ideff6d2bf-7ac9-4119-a17b-687e79468c50"><enum>(bb)</enum><text>any patent on an invention described in item (aa).</text> </item></subclause></clause> <clause id="idfe089610-fcd7-4782-9acc-f68ed300c411"><enum>(ii)</enum><header>Technology prizes</header> <subclause id="id40762721-7ee5-4312-871f-cc3f66d811ce"><enum>(I)</enum><header>In general</header><text>Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of the <short-title>USE IT Act</short-title>, the Administrator, in consultation with the Secretary of Energy, shall establish a program to provide, and shall provide, financial awards on a competitive basis for direct air capture from media in which the concentration of carbon dioxide is dilute.</text> </subclause>
<subclause id="id7da97960-1f22-4ec4-805f-e95fb3673996"><enum>(II)</enum><header>Duties</header><text>In carrying out this clause, the Administrator shall—</text> <item id="idfde087d9-b804-4a99-959d-c78b1d7e03eb"><enum>(aa)</enum><text>subject to subclause (III), develop specific requirements for—</text>
<subitem id="iddb9b0848-a231-410b-8070-d7f903068902"><enum>(AA)</enum><text>the competition process; and</text> </subitem> <subitem id="id09611b08-1054-45c6-9904-ebd776d4535b"><enum>(BB)</enum><text>the demonstration of performance of approved projects;</text> </subitem></item>
<item id="id5de46540-1ba2-492d-a234-781c841588e8"><enum>(bb)</enum><text>offer financial awards for a project designed—</text> <subitem id="idb3a5127e-5c45-4436-a789-a8644190bfbc"><enum>(AA)</enum><text>to the maximum extent practicable, to capture more than 10,000 tons of carbon dioxide per year; and</text> </subitem>
<subitem id="id0209d916-f6cf-48cb-8724-70c687856037"><enum>(BB)</enum><text>to operate in a manner that would be commercially viable in the foreseeable future (as determined by the Board); and</text> </subitem></item> <item id="id982691dc-85ca-4838-aa00-d574997dc704"><enum>(cc)</enum><text>to the maximum extent practicable, make financial awards to geographically diverse projects, including at least—</text>
<subitem id="id8dd46373-0764-482c-b53a-7175ef59c4f6"><enum>(AA)</enum><text>1 project in a coastal State; and</text> </subitem> <subitem id="idc03e604b-70ef-432d-9da4-ddd387e73968"><enum>(BB)</enum><text>1 project in a rural State.</text> </subitem></item></subclause>
<subclause id="ide5167d93-da34-482a-ad9f-1bfde8472d2c"><enum>(III)</enum><header>Public participation</header><text>In carrying out subclause (II)(aa), the Administrator shall—</text> <item id="id5cab1429-d12b-4ebc-af33-d968908fe5f2"><enum>(aa)</enum><text>provide notice of and, for a period of not less than 60 days, an opportunity for public comment on, any draft or proposed version of the requirements described in subclause (II)(aa); and</text> </item>
<item id="id460b3a6e-fe34-48b8-8d73-d904e7e25b83"><enum>(bb)</enum><text>take into account public comments received in developing the final version of those requirements.</text> </item></subclause></clause> <clause id="ide0375980-bad1-4abd-b931-6bfcb7e0cded"><enum>(iii)</enum><header>Direct air capture technology advisory board</header> <subclause id="idc1721efe-04b7-4739-886f-24be7a8d56d5"><enum>(I)</enum><header>Establishment</header><text>There is established an advisory board to be known as the <quote>Direct Air Capture Technology Advisory Board</quote>.</text> </subclause>
<subclause id="id08a4605c-ea8a-49bc-8e00-c7c465136bcd"><enum>(II)</enum><header>Composition</header><text>The Board shall be composed of 9 members appointed by the Administrator, who shall provide expertise in—</text> <item id="id2f4aa5dc-955b-4513-b9a2-3dee06e82e03"><enum>(aa)</enum><text>climate science;</text> </item>
<item id="id3b42e1b3-731f-4272-a9ee-5b1dd0c478f2"><enum>(bb)</enum><text>physics;</text> </item> <item id="ida8f70ad8-e613-4c9c-9280-1365d371d47b"><enum>(cc)</enum><text>chemistry;</text> </item>
<item id="id9031cb8d-1e54-42e9-8462-50ef87aa77b8"><enum>(dd)</enum><text>biology;</text> </item> <item id="idcbc6332d-d212-4293-96b0-5979025a19c2"><enum>(ee)</enum><text>engineering;</text> </item>
<item id="id4b7b97be-6e17-4ad2-8372-7eb1c5c26182"><enum>(ff)</enum><text>economics;</text> </item> <item id="id0118289a-19ea-4b72-be6c-878667d9ee94"><enum>(gg)</enum><text>business management; and</text> </item>
<item id="id8561e7f9-7b14-4fbf-a109-66e6eb858fe9"><enum>(hh)</enum><text>such other disciplines as the Administrator determines to be necessary to achieve the purposes of this subparagraph.</text> </item></subclause> <subclause id="idcedab063-d63f-4184-88d8-38226c97ef40"><enum>(III)</enum><header>Term; vacancies</header> <item id="id2f0a361f-4919-401c-8c38-2cab38477ea6"><enum>(aa)</enum><header>Term</header><text>A member of the Board shall serve for a term of 6 years.</text> </item>
<item id="id8b0229a1-85e0-4310-bdd3-b07e75d69444"><enum>(bb)</enum><header>Vacancies</header><text>A vacancy on the Board—</text> <subitem id="id820d7c90-a178-4f64-a6c9-ca3ba8a6022c"><enum>(AA)</enum><text>shall not affect the powers of the Board; and</text> </subitem>
<subitem id="idf430e639-e8fa-45f4-b81c-34cdb778f9ca"><enum>(BB)</enum><text>shall be filled in the same manner as the original appointment was made.</text> </subitem></item></subclause> <subclause id="id1d899d87-f58c-46d8-8b2b-88cb36aa57af"><enum>(IV)</enum><header>Initial meeting</header><text>Not later than 30 days after the date on which all members of the Board have been appointed, the Board shall hold the initial meeting of the Board.</text> </subclause>
<subclause id="idfe5350a6-35e4-49d1-b6e4-a6a00a80669a"><enum>(V)</enum><header>Meetings</header><text>The Board shall meet at the call of the Chairperson or on the request of the Administrator.</text> </subclause> <subclause id="ide0a3e020-f6d0-4056-8bc8-72c4fb75bf21"><enum>(VI)</enum><header>Quorum</header><text>A majority of the members of the Board shall constitute a quorum, but a lesser number of members may hold hearings.</text> </subclause>
<subclause id="idf962b196-526c-4c0a-8e04-e0a03ab1c6b9"><enum>(VII)</enum><header>Chairperson and vice chairperson</header><text>The Board shall select a Chairperson and Vice Chairperson from among the members of the Board.</text> </subclause> <subclause id="idbb402116-1278-4c66-8956-b34c8ec3c673"><enum>(VIII)</enum><header>Compensation</header><text>Each member of the Board may be compensated at not to exceed the daily equivalent of the annual rate of basic pay in effect for a position at level V of the Executive Schedule under section 5316 of title 5, United States Code, for each day during which the member is engaged in the actual performance of the duties of the Board.</text> </subclause>
<subclause id="id80015fea-34d1-4aff-b87e-f395d8be4dc8"><enum>(IX)</enum><header>Duties</header><text>The Board shall advise the Administrator on carrying out the duties of the Administrator under this subparagraph.</text> </subclause> <subclause id="id21578148-6f6b-4102-a498-29978bbd09d1"><enum>(X)</enum><header>FACA</header><text>The Federal Advisory Committee Act (5 U.S.C. App.) shall apply to the Board.</text> </subclause></clause>
<clause id="idc67c1468-f20d-4c08-92df-9cc9965d10d0"><enum>(iv)</enum><header>Intellectual property</header>
<subclause id="id0c1cabac-6923-412d-b7e0-507d3ab055d5"><enum>(I)</enum><header>In general</header><text>As a condition of receiving a financial award under this subparagraph, an applicant shall agree to vest the intellectual property of the applicant derived from the technology in 1 or more entities that are incorporated in the United States.</text> </subclause> <subclause id="id169086d3-491c-4bcc-9c32-8b85c68ae44e"><enum>(II)</enum><header>Reservation of license</header><text>The United States—</text>
<item id="id1ca56650-f869-493a-ade6-6c613ed7bee1"><enum>(aa)</enum><text>may reserve a nonexclusive, nontransferable, irrevocable, paid-up license, to have practiced for or on behalf of the United States, in connection with any intellectual property described in subclause (I); but</text> </item> <item id="id59055766-03a5-4d68-beca-669c0d8a41e4"><enum>(bb)</enum><text>shall not, in the exercise of a license reserved under item (aa), publicly disclose proprietary information relating to the license.</text> </item></subclause>
<subclause id="id6dab009f-9152-4d86-870d-323d3708dd23"><enum>(III)</enum><header>Transfer of title</header><text>Title to any intellectual property described in subclause (I) shall not be transferred or passed, except to an entity that is incorporated in the United States, until the expiration of the first patent obtained in connection with the intellectual property.</text> </subclause></clause> <clause id="id4e623b09-6c0d-4765-9aab-66c8597141e2"><enum>(v)</enum><header>Authorization of appropriations</header><text>There is authorized to be appropriated to carry out this subparagraph $35,000,000, to remain available until expended.</text> </clause>
<clause id="id9c40dbb4-4d17-4033-badc-b787900ab304"><enum>(vi)</enum><header>Termination of authority</header><text>The Board and all authority provided under this subparagraph shall terminate not later than 10 years after the date of enactment of the <short-title>USE IT Act</short-title>.</text> </clause></subparagraph> <subparagraph id="id79b01aa9-901a-4cc1-af00-f40b0c053f60"><enum>(C)</enum><header>Carbon dioxide utilization research</header> <clause id="id7d794698-d13c-4fa4-9bcf-03ec407626c5"><enum>(i)</enum><header>Definition of carbon dioxide utilization</header><text>In this subparagraph, the term <term>carbon dioxide utilization</term> refers to technologies or approaches that lead to the use of carbon dioxide—</text>
<subclause id="id32d184af-c020-4182-9b93-36f932d3b41c"><enum>(I)</enum><text>through the fixation of carbon dioxide through photosynthesis or chemosynthesis, such as through the growing of algae or bacteria;</text> </subclause> <subclause id="idcc4949d3-dafc-44df-8958-1aa6c0e602f5"><enum>(II)</enum><text>through the chemical conversion of carbon dioxide to a material or chemical compound in which the carbon dioxide is securely stored; or</text> </subclause>
<subclause id="id3ebf2828-0644-438b-beb9-462c66080c01"><enum>(III)</enum><text>through the use of carbon dioxide for any other purpose for which a commercial market exists, as determined by the Administrator.</text> </subclause></clause> <clause id="id22aa8488-d519-450c-bc17-4be502e56e9c"><enum>(ii)</enum><header>Program</header><text>The Administrator, in consultation with the Secretary of Energy, shall carry out a research and development program for carbon dioxide utilization to promote existing and new technologies that transform carbon dioxide generated by industrial processes into a product of commercial value, or as an input to products of commercial value.</text> </clause>
<clause id="iddd0d98ea-1cd5-4196-9aa3-59d7dce4fc1c"><enum>(iii)</enum><header>Technical and financial assistance</header><text>Not later than 2 years after the date of enactment of the <short-title>USE IT Act</short-title>, in carrying out this subsection, the Administrator, in consultation with the Secretary of Energy, shall support research and infrastructure activities relating to carbon dioxide utilization by providing technical assistance and financial assistance in accordance with clause (iv).</text> </clause> <clause id="ided5f5693-6f59-4b33-9ad7-dc6fe6428b1b"><enum>(iv)</enum><header>Eligibility</header><text>To be eligible to receive technical assistance and financial assistance under clause (iii), a carbon dioxide utilization project shall—</text>
<subclause id="id497c4685-db0a-4b5b-abbf-6218470c0dd1"><enum>(I)</enum><text>have access to an emissions stream generated by a stationary source within the United States that is capable of supplying not less than 250 metric tons per day of carbon dioxide for research;</text> </subclause> <subclause id="id131fcdec-4695-4f0f-afb6-2d37fc30143b"><enum>(II)</enum><text>have access to adequate space for a laboratory and equipment for testing small-scale carbon dioxide utilization technologies, with onsite access to larger test bays for scale-up; and</text> </subclause>
<subclause id="id7b3bca71-145a-4a31-a7f5-4c2c678ea377"><enum>(III)</enum><text>have existing partnerships with institutions of higher education, private companies, States, or other government entities.</text> </subclause></clause> <clause id="idf127ad18-9f15-49d7-bf62-5b245c100f90"><enum>(v)</enum><header>Coordination</header><text>In supporting carbon dioxide utilization projects under this paragraph, the Administrator shall consult with the Secretary of Energy, and, as appropriate, with the head of any other relevant Federal agency, States, the private sector, and institutions of higher education to develop methods and technologies to account for the carbon dioxide emissions avoided by the carbon dioxide utilization projects.</text> </clause>
<clause id="id95e7b2e8-8754-445c-af50-b8f04ffa33da"><enum>(vi)</enum><header>Authorization of appropriations</header><text>There is authorized to be appropriated to carry out this subparagraph $50,000,000, to remain available until expended.</text> </clause></subparagraph> <subparagraph commented="no" id="id9b9d103f-8132-49a1-9726-f90b73e63554"><enum>(D)</enum><header>Deep saline formation report</header> <clause commented="no" id="id6188C7A71E114521AF3DB07D463E6B87"><enum>(i)</enum><header>Definition of deep saline formation</header> <subclause commented="no" id="idB57FAC967F0C49A482D52162FE3E355C"><enum>(I)</enum><header>In general</header><text>In this subparagraph, the term <term>deep saline formation</term> means a formation of subsurface geographically extensive sedimentary rock layers saturated with waters or brines that have a high total dissolved solids content and that are below the depth where carbon dioxide can exist in the formation as a supercritical fluid.</text> </subclause>
<subclause commented="no" id="id4AF5965CCB914285B2701B1F729FC658"><enum>(II)</enum><header>Clarification</header><text>In this subparagraph, the term <term>deep saline formation</term> does not include oil and gas reservoirs.</text> </subclause></clause> <clause id="ide534b9abf00c41a9aa4791b71111a63a"><enum>(ii)</enum><header>Report</header><text>In consultation with the Secretary of Energy, and, as appropriate, with the head of any other relevant Federal agency and relevant stakeholders, not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of the <short-title>USE IT Act</short-title>, the Administrator shall prepare, submit to Congress, and make publicly available a report that includes—</text>
<subclause id="id66e4e318e16d47c496b17efe535937dc"><enum>(I)</enum><text>a comprehensive identification of potential risks and benefits to project developers associated with increased storage of carbon dioxide captured from stationary sources in deep saline formations, using existing research;</text> </subclause> <subclause id="idfd348eb6241b43abb2e5d2fa3961936e"><enum>(II)</enum><text>recommendations for managing the potential risks identified under subclause (I), including potential risks unique to public land; and</text> </subclause>
<subclause id="id1e84ba9316654045a5213bfb1c0e476d"><enum>(III)</enum><text>recommendations for Federal legislation or other policy changes to mitigate any potential risks identified under subclause (I).</text> </subclause></clause></subparagraph> <subparagraph commented="no" id="id61DD7F5D09B2464996F68427F82970AA"><enum>(E)</enum><header>Report on carbon dioxide nonregulatory strategies and technologies</header> <clause commented="no" id="idd0e3dc54-1c57-428f-af4e-dca642429bdb"><enum>(i)</enum><header>In general</header><text>Not less frequently than once every 2 years, the Administrator shall submit to the Committee on Environment and Public Works of the Senate and the Committee on Energy and Commerce of the House of Representatives a report that describes—</text>
<subclause commented="no" id="id1e07d61e-41a7-436e-a156-2797e24fd012"><enum>(I)</enum><text>the recipients of assistance under subparagraphs (B) and (C); and</text> </subclause> <subclause commented="no" id="id46c28e70-cb88-4ec3-8343-850bb5f7c493"><enum>(II)</enum><text>a plan for supporting additional nonregulatory strategies and technologies that could significantly prevent carbon dioxide emissions or reduce carbon dioxide levels in the air, in conjunction with other Federal agencies.</text> </subclause></clause>
<clause commented="no" id="id1942ed77-0a93-4e73-9d56-2028331fdda9"><enum>(ii)</enum><header>Inclusions</header><text>The plan submitted under clause (i) shall include—</text> <subclause commented="no" id="ideb6b9055-2ff0-4be8-a866-a53bc50ccf9a"><enum>(I)</enum><text>a methodology for evaluating and ranking technologies based on the ability of the technologies to cost effectively reduce carbon dioxide emissions or carbon dioxide levels in the air; and</text> </subclause>
<subclause commented="no" id="id3308aa59-a061-4f69-9c46-014a99c3e110"><enum>(II)</enum><text>a description of any nonair-related environmental or energy considerations regarding the technologies.</text> </subclause></clause></subparagraph> <subparagraph commented="no" id="idCAB5BD37FF684895B35635D7AB87FB2C"><enum>(F)</enum><header>GAO report</header><text>The Comptroller General of the United States shall submit to Congress a report that—</text>
<clause commented="no" id="id76A8C707B72345DDA614991A09F7278C"><enum>(i)</enum><text>identifies all Federal grant programs in which a purpose of a grant under the program is to perform research on carbon capture and utilization technologies, including direct air capture technologies; and</text> </clause> <clause commented="no" id="idEDC7DE5C3DAE46F38B8354F0B0C89D8C"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>examines the extent to which the Federal grant programs identified pursuant to clause (i) overlap or are duplicative.</text></clause></subparagraph></paragraph><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block> </subparagraph></paragraph></section>
<enum>II</enum><header>Improvement of permitting process for carbon dioxide capture and infrastructure projects</header>
<section id="id008ca8a3-cece-4436-8221-f0b1c6d1889e"><enum>201.</enum><header>Inclusion of carbon capture infrastructure projects</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">Section 41001(6) of the FAST Act (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/42/4370m">42 U.S.C. 4370m(6)</external-xref>) is amended—</text> <paragraph id="id6073bf4a-e03d-4daf-9de1-a071cbe161e1"><enum>(1)</enum><text>in subparagraph (A)—</text>
<subparagraph id="idcd47b2fa-ba03-4bf3-8393-ed2b5a5d17c2"><enum>(A)</enum><text>in the matter preceding clause (i), by inserting <quote>carbon capture,</quote> after <quote>manufacturing,</quote>;</text> </subparagraph> <subparagraph id="idd350a88f-ca1a-4af4-8e67-68293b6fecb5"><enum>(B)</enum><text>in clause (i)(III), by striking <quote>or</quote> at the end;</text> </subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="id84aa638c-c893-4bad-85ab-60bbade310b8"><enum>(C)</enum><text>by redesignating clause (ii) as clause (iii); and</text> </subparagraph> <subparagraph id="id8406d5bf-45dd-4259-8319-7f2e77fad78b"><enum>(D)</enum><text>by inserting after clause (i) the following:</text>
<quoted-block display-inline="no-display-inline" id="ida5f84c8d-137b-43f6-a023-62ed7f5d8d29" style="OLC">
<clause id="id7217e7bb-7fb4-49cf-8cab-d2c9d46f1fcf"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>is covered by a programmatic plan or environmental review developed for the primary purpose of facilitating development of carbon dioxide pipelines; or</text></clause><after-quoted-block>; and</after-quoted-block></quoted-block> </subparagraph></paragraph> <paragraph id="id5d8d028f-8abd-4abe-827c-493d213b35b5"><enum>(2)</enum><text>by adding at the end the following:</text>
<quoted-block display-inline="no-display-inline" id="id986d510c-380b-483c-9123-a1739ad243d4" style="OLC">
<subparagraph id="id0ebd2b35-e8dd-4bd6-8663-e594e7d5a928"><enum>(C)</enum><header>Inclusion</header><text>For purposes of subparagraph (A), construction of infrastructure for carbon capture includes construction of—</text> <clause id="id86FDE3E0BA634D74B1393A3FE5771F7A"><enum>(i)</enum><text>any facility, technology, or system that captures, utilizes, or sequesters carbon dioxide emissions, including projects for direct air capture (as defined in paragraph (6)(B)(i) of section 103(g) of the Clean Air Act (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/42/7403">42 U.S.C. 7403(g)</external-xref>); and</text> </clause>
<clause id="idFC2D4B77411A413E895A2268853DC87D"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>carbon dioxide pipelines.</text></clause></subparagraph><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block> </paragraph></section> <section id="id7d717d5c-e231-4c76-a695-d1fdaeff0151"><enum>202.</enum><header>Development of carbon capture, utilization, and sequestration report, permitting guidance, and regional permitting task force</header> <subsection id="id5c0ed58c-184b-42c3-844c-5250e8f11c73"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Definitions</header><text>In this section:</text>
<paragraph id="id04C3DAD0697C473E9848A18B50625A45"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Carbon capture, utilization, and sequestration projects</header><text>The term <term>carbon capture, utilization, and sequestration projects</term> includes projects for direct air capture (as defined in paragraph (6)(B)(i) of section 103(g) of the Clean Air Act (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/42/7403">42 U.S.C. 7403(g)</external-xref>)).</text> </paragraph> <paragraph id="idA830857D04884C2CB5D4A5DEF0967431"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Efficient, orderly, and responsible</header><text>The term <term>efficient, orderly, and responsible</term> means, with respect to development or the permitting process for carbon capture, utilization, and sequestration projects and carbon dioxide pipelines, a process that is completed in an expeditious manner while maintaining environmental, health, and safety protections.</text> </paragraph></subsection>
<subsection id="id2CBD54D5FAAF477EB4BF34962D008354"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Report</header>
<paragraph id="id8a5c015f-48fd-4457-be49-bf8a23ab878d"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In general</header><text>Not later than 180 days after the date of enactment of this Act, the Chair of the Council on Environmental Quality (referred to in this section as the <quote>Chair</quote>), in consultation with the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency, the Secretary of Energy, the Secretary of the Interior, the Executive Director of the Federal Permitting Improvement Council, and the head of any other relevant Federal agency (as determined by the President), shall prepare a report that—</text> <subparagraph id="ideff65aaa-ed23-4fa3-9280-ce424f6acc20"><enum>(A)</enum><text>compiles all existing relevant Federal permitting and review information and resources for project applicants, agencies, and other stakeholders interested in the deployment of carbon capture, utilization, and sequestration projects and carbon dioxide pipelines, including—</text>
<clause id="id35283ECABBE24C5A8FEBF12032AFF8EA"><enum>(i)</enum><text>the appropriate points of interaction with Federal agencies;</text> </clause> <clause id="idB8BD1C4A7B924D46903430150888E10A"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>clarification of the permitting responsibilities and authorities among Federal agencies; and</text> </clause>
<clause id="idA8426BF3C5814F69A6B7672DC84123EA"><enum>(iii)</enum><text>best practices and templates for permitting;</text> </clause></subparagraph> <subparagraph id="id47E114A09D9844D2943FFC48CF825ADA"><enum>(B)</enum><text>inventories current or emerging activities that transform captured carbon dioxide into a product of commercial value, or as an input to products of commercial value;</text> </subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="id78A50400256C4F22B47E3629C59A9682"><enum>(C)</enum><text>inventories existing initiatives and recent publications that analyze or identify priority carbon dioxide pipelines needed to enable efficient, orderly, and responsible development of carbon capture, utilization, and sequestration projects at increased scale;</text> </subparagraph> <subparagraph id="id20ca1096951e41af9403c28d1bdfde3a"><enum>(D)</enum><text>identifies gaps in the current Federal regulatory framework for the deployment of carbon capture, utilization, and sequestration projects and carbon dioxide pipelines; and</text> </subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="id40508f5b68a1401392172fd11bc83d4f"><enum>(E)</enum><text>identifies Federal financing mechanisms available to project developers.</text> </subparagraph></paragraph> <paragraph id="idcf221b70-6ba1-4f56-8700-a735ac2c27d2"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Submission; publication</header><text>The Chair shall—</text>
<subparagraph id="idEF49877868B54DC183C2086BEED22A05"><enum>(A)</enum><text>submit the report under paragraph (1) to the Committee on Environment and Public Works of the Senate and the Committee on Energy and Commerce of the House of Representatives; and</text> </subparagraph> <subparagraph id="id03D954B756F044C893C3C5234CA7614A"><enum>(B)</enum><text>as soon as practicable, make the report publicly available.</text> </subparagraph></paragraph></subsection>
<subsection id="idAC6F97ABAD824A6F9D6F4635826F82F3"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Guidance</header>
<paragraph id="idF7B866F768474BE1B0DEBDA3FB78B6E7"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In general</header><text>After submission of the report under subsection (b)(2), but not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act, the Chair shall submit guidance consistent with that report to all relevant Federal agencies that—</text> <subparagraph id="id1CE61555586C416A8BDD37580070E630"><enum>(A)</enum><text>facilitates reviews associated with the deployment of carbon capture, utilization, and sequestration projects and carbon dioxide pipelines; and</text> </subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="idDF611EC26D564B06BC33B0CDC580FB6D"><enum>(B)</enum><text>supports the efficient, orderly, and responsible development of carbon capture, utilization, and sequestration projects and carbon dioxide pipelines.</text> </subparagraph></paragraph> <paragraph id="id0D8E44A661BA47B6B79B444CBB9E3DB5"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Requirements</header> <subparagraph id="idE40EA8FAEE4442A1B5D16A6ED30DC99E"><enum>(A)</enum><header>In general</header><text>The guidance under paragraph (1) shall address requirements under—</text>
<clause id="id06031e29-8206-4675-b20b-7df415a312e4"><enum>(i)</enum><text>the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/42/4321">42 U.S.C. 4321</external-xref> et seq.);</text> </clause> <clause id="ide67ec1f9-cb53-4057-9383-4029eac288d5"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>the Federal Water Pollution Control Act (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/33/1251">33 U.S.C. 1251</external-xref> et seq.);</text> </clause>
<clause id="iddc8fe809-79c2-4edb-b433-590e9365d415"><enum>(iii)</enum><text>the Clean Air Act (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/42/7401">42 U.S.C. 7401</external-xref> et seq.);</text> </clause> <clause id="ida186e9fa-bedf-4724-9463-efd3e586b950"><enum>(iv)</enum><text>the Safe Drinking Water Act (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/42/300f">42 U.S.C. 300f</external-xref> et seq.);</text> </clause>
<clause id="id11ae37b6-bfcc-4be2-934b-664b4aa5b4ba"><enum>(v)</enum><text>the Endangered Species Act of 1973 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/16/1531">16 U.S.C. 1531</external-xref> et seq.);</text> </clause> <clause id="idebc06385-3132-4fc2-96dc-c24d682036c6"><enum>(vi)</enum><text>division A of subtitle III of title 54, United States Code (formerly known as the <quote>National Historic Preservation Act</quote>);</text> </clause>
<clause id="id657ebcb8-dc1c-4a95-896c-9dd70b423d52"><enum>(vii)</enum><text>the Migratory Bird Treaty Act (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/16/703">16 U.S.C. 703</external-xref> et seq.);</text> </clause> <clause id="idd4e245c1-4686-41c6-81d0-b2767bdc69bf"><enum>(viii)</enum><text>the Act of June 8, 1940 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/16/668">16 U.S.C. 668</external-xref> et seq.) (commonly known as the <quote>Bald and Golden Eagle Protection Act</quote>); and</text> </clause>
<clause id="id96f02bcd-266b-4372-bd5c-5023538099c5"><enum>(ix)</enum><text>any other Federal law that the Chair determines to be appropriate.</text> </clause></subparagraph> <subparagraph id="id1A63E7004767463EAC1B6FC2456243AF"><enum>(B)</enum><header>Environmental reviews</header><text>The guidance under paragraph (1) shall include direction to States and other interested parties for the development of programmatic environmental reviews under the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/42/4321">42 U.S.C. 4321</external-xref> et seq.) for carbon capture, utilization, and sequestration projects and carbon dioxide pipelines.</text> </subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="idC25543F2806842B59950E35C33D2CE41"><enum>(C)</enum><header>Public involvement</header><text>The guidance under paragraph (1) shall be subject to the public notice, comment, and solicitation of information procedures under section 1506.6 of title 40, Code of Federal Regulations (or a successor regulation).</text> </subparagraph></paragraph> <paragraph id="id92263F27BF0C40B0B22A9FFB7905C4BF"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Submission; publication</header><text>The Chair shall—</text>
<subparagraph id="id4231EC47BFB14043B85FF77BC82BE025"><enum>(A)</enum><text>submit the guidance under paragraph (1) to the Committee on Environment and Public Works of the Senate and the Committee on Energy and Commerce of the House of Representatives; and</text> </subparagraph> <subparagraph id="id0B2937CA47CE4758972F826170C97F5E"><enum>(B)</enum><text>as soon as practicable, make the guidance publicly available.</text> </subparagraph></paragraph>
<paragraph id="idAB8A0CBF79164DAB9D73A51193C30B8A"><enum>(4)</enum><header>Evaluation</header><text>The Chair shall—</text> <subparagraph id="id238DC85DD28941D1B6D6A9CBAA0F2FFF"><enum>(A)</enum><text>periodically evaluate the reports of the task forces under subsection (d)(5) and, as necessary, revise the guidance under paragraph (1); and</text> </subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="id6320ED0BB685476BBECCB95FC6EE260A"><enum>(B)</enum><text>each year, submit to the Committee on Environment and Public Works of the Senate, the Committee on Energy and Commerce of the House of Representatives, and relevant Federal agencies a report that describes any recommendations for legislation, rules, revisions to rules, or other policies that would address the issues identified by the task forces under subsection (d)(5).</text> </subparagraph></paragraph></subsection> <subsection id="id8b2341cf-11c7-4044-a4ff-5d6e5d0268f7"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Task force</header> <paragraph id="id045ee214-977f-4e72-8d4f-5963b62c57ae"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Establishment</header><text>Not later than 18 months after the date of enactment of this Act, the Chair shall establish not less than 2 task forces, which shall each cover a different geographical area with differing demographic, land use, or geological issues—</text>
<subparagraph id="idED9255EAD00044E189EFF68B324E860E"><enum>(A)</enum><text>to identify permitting and other challenges and successes that permitting authorities and project developers and operators face; and</text> </subparagraph> <subparagraph id="id614E0C2AF8F244D385457992033DC93C"><enum>(B)</enum><text>to improve the performance of the permitting process and regional coordination for the purpose of promoting the efficient, orderly, and responsible development of carbon capture, utilization, and sequestration projects and carbon dioxide pipelines.</text> </subparagraph></paragraph>
<paragraph id="id23018184-451e-4886-8da6-a7d4445424fa"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Members and selection</header>
<subparagraph id="id6b2dcb27-5438-44e5-8253-e657fa282cbe"><enum>(A)</enum><header>In general</header><text>The Chair shall—</text> <clause id="id007b28cb-cecc-481f-b448-f0b529644e4e"><enum>(i)</enum><text>develop criteria for the selection of members to each task force; and</text> </clause>
<clause id="id495030ec-3954-44fa-bf4a-48885472c542"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>select members for each task force in accordance with clause (i) and subparagraph (B).</text> </clause></subparagraph> <subparagraph id="id178a1ff4-c137-4fe5-82c2-e348afd45375"><enum>(B)</enum><header>Members</header><text>Each task force—</text>
<clause id="idc4423d38-3c20-4a43-abcb-2094057f57c2"><enum>(i)</enum><text>shall include not less than 1 representative of each of—</text> <subclause id="id76f52836-f17c-41ed-8998-5cf53db96c0b"><enum>(I)</enum><text>the Environmental Protection Agency;</text> </subclause>
<subclause id="id8e0bc7ac-c2ad-4113-bac3-666b416da26f"><enum>(II)</enum><text>the Department of Energy;</text> </subclause> <subclause id="id5eb684dc-ed8e-4d2e-a3a8-eace6c6718a2"><enum>(III)</enum><text>the Department of the Interior;</text> </subclause>
<subclause id="id58cecf2c-4e40-488d-a317-43b40f41aa3b"><enum>(IV)</enum><text>any other Federal agency the Chair determines to be appropriate;</text> </subclause> <subclause id="idca09ea27-1714-4625-b841-230cac7ff028"><enum>(V)</enum><text>any State that requests participation in the geographical area covered by the task force;</text> </subclause>
<subclause id="idff726440-2e77-49cb-8f46-f099d25d4873"><enum>(VI)</enum><text>developers or operators of carbon capture, utilization, and sequestration projects or carbon dioxide pipelines; and</text> </subclause> <subclause id="id8db1ff65-ea3a-4edf-905d-8130718a548b"><enum>(VII)</enum><text>nongovernmental membership organizations, the primary mission of which concerns protection of the environment; and</text> </subclause></clause>
<clause id="id49cce6b3-76d5-41c8-a1ca-4772e15a339a"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>at the request of a Tribal or local government, may include a representative of—</text> <subclause id="id375b7171-2720-4430-87e7-97cca5fc64d9"><enum>(I)</enum><text>not less than 1 local government in the geographical area covered by the task force; and</text> </subclause>
<subclause id="idaf8ac395-ec05-4107-836e-36387947f3fc"><enum>(II)</enum><text>not less than 1 Tribal government in the geographical area covered by the task force.</text> </subclause></clause></subparagraph></paragraph> <paragraph id="idb3a8c55d-3717-4640-8737-9efb3bc0c956"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Meetings</header> <subparagraph id="id2ad7734b-40d0-4bff-aeb8-098c58c196ec"><enum>(A)</enum><header>In general</header><text>Each task force shall meet not less than twice each year.</text> </subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="iddac48c29-7e45-4b94-964b-37b4b03ea3b5"><enum>(B)</enum><header>Joint meeting</header><text>To the maximum extent practicable, the task forces shall meet collectively not less than once each year.</text> </subparagraph></paragraph> <paragraph id="id528f3d3d-25a5-45f7-85b7-89ee4d77b9c2"><enum>(4)</enum><header>Duties</header><text>Each task force shall—</text>
<subparagraph id="id0ef6ff84b6284d74b2520363478b6bf2"><enum>(A)</enum><text>inventory existing or potential Federal and State approaches to facilitate reviews associated with the deployment of carbon capture, utilization, and sequestration projects and carbon dioxide pipelines, including best practices that—</text> <clause id="idcefd26246f394be798684ab1b6083670"><enum>(i)</enum><text>avoid duplicative reviews;</text> </clause>
<clause id="id4269cdb781f14815a3cc1736b8a181bd"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>engage stakeholders early in the permitting process; and</text> </clause> <clause id="idbf254e54242f4c6b8f275689a156f4f8"><enum>(iii)</enum><text>make the permitting process efficient, orderly, and responsible;</text> </clause></subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="id13c44f9b1ec14c8399886b62c786b3e6"><enum>(B)</enum><text>develop common models for State-level carbon dioxide pipeline regulation and oversight guidelines that can be shared with States in the geographical area covered by the task force;</text> </subparagraph> <subparagraph id="id93f9e708df2e49fba396d30b05230180"><enum>(C)</enum><text>provide technical assistance to States in the geographical area covered by the task force in implementing regulatory requirements and any models developed under subparagraph (B);</text> </subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="id5a7a899e799f4d15a9175be14e4e580a"><enum>(D)</enum><text>inventory current or emerging activities that transform captured carbon dioxide into a product of commercial value, or as an input to products of commercial value;</text> </subparagraph> <subparagraph id="idF73E3265594E408AB925C0A1B5670FF5"><enum>(E)</enum><text>identify any priority carbon dioxide pipelines needed to enable efficient, orderly, and responsible development of carbon capture, utilization, and sequestration projects at increased scale;</text> </subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="id30988c0eeaf54ad4bfdb62e758afa81d"><enum>(F)</enum><text>identify gaps in the current Federal and State regulatory framework and in existing data for the deployment of carbon capture, utilization, and sequestration projects and carbon dioxide pipelines;</text> </subparagraph> <subparagraph id="ida3a73a60d4a5489f8017b885d5a48772"><enum>(G)</enum><text>identify Federal and State financing mechanisms available to project developers; and</text> </subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="idec068f8c-6553-46e6-9691-b5e494f2ec4c"><enum>(H)</enum><text>develop recommendations for relevant Federal agencies on how to develop and research technologies that—</text> <clause id="idace51ec1-f07c-4682-848a-5bced2c8c417"><enum>(i)</enum><text>can capture carbon dioxide; and</text> </clause>
<clause id="id8deddac9-f1fa-4ac3-816e-2e3ed4be9263"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>would be able to be deployed within the region covered by the task force, including any projects that have received technical or financial assistance for research under paragraph (6) of section 103(g) of the Clean Air Act (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/42/7403">42 U.S.C. 7403(g)</external-xref>).</text> </clause></subparagraph></paragraph> <paragraph id="idd43b435c-2f42-40e1-a33a-d94ceb2ad70d"><enum>(5)</enum><header>Report</header><text>Each year, each task force shall prepare and submit to the Chair and to the other task forces a report that includes—</text>
<subparagraph id="id78763e8138a14159920358096a5f41fb"><enum>(A)</enum><text>any recommendations for improvements in efficient, orderly, and responsible issuance or administration of Federal permits and other Federal authorizations required under a law described in subsection (c)(2)(A); and</text> </subparagraph> <subparagraph id="ida48f5cfa866e40c6b48ce41dbc5a37db"><enum>(B)</enum><text>any other nationally relevant information that the task force has collected in carrying out the duties under paragraph (4).</text> </subparagraph></paragraph>
<paragraph id="id6db5d343288f4ab7b4ed3b910ce9ebe8"><enum>(6)</enum><header>Evaluation</header><text>Not later than 5 years after the date of enactment of this Act, the Chair shall—</text> <subparagraph id="id57eacd20b94d487389aaced7b0ebb90f"><enum>(A)</enum><text>reevaluate the need for the task forces; and</text> </subparagraph>
<subparagraph id="idabb5e5842f074fed88210179083bf46f"><enum>(B)</enum><text>submit to Congress a recommendation as to whether the task forces should continue.</text></subparagraph></paragraph></subsection></section>