115 S3118 IS: Mens Rea Reform Act of 2018
U.S. Senate
2018-06-21
text/xml
EN
Pursuant to Title 17 Section 105 of the United States Code, this file is not subject to copyright protection and is in the public domain.
1.Short title; table of contents
(a)
This Act may be cited as the Mens Rea Reform Act of 2018
.
(b)The table of contents for this Act is as follows:Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents. TITLE I—State of mind Sec. 101. State of mind element for criminal offenses. Sec. 102. Inventory of Federal criminal offenses. TITLE II—National Criminal Justice Commission Act Sec. 201. Findings. Sec. 202. Establishment of commission. Sec. 203. Purpose of the commission. Sec. 204. Review, recommendations, and report. Sec. 205. Membership. Sec. 206. Administration. Sec. 207. Sunset. <enum>I</enum><header>State of mind</header> <section id="idA141E44B628C485BB1E2CAE5235F26F1" section-type="subsequent-section"><enum>101.</enum><header>State of mind element for criminal offenses</header> <subsection id="id8d8e62e6fd394aa1832e53ebacdea724"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In general</header><text><external-xref legal-doc="usc-chapter" parsable-cite="usc-chapter/18/1">Chapter 1</external-xref> of title 18, United States Code, is amended by adding at the end the following:</text>
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<section id="idcca13576bf0d48e0a340ff4026da04e2"><enum>28.</enum><header>State of mind when not otherwise specifically provided</header>
<subsection id="id43f560e48a5c4cd4b6a34429effecbe6"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Definitions</header><text>In this section—</text> <paragraph id="id9D29FA072ECA491A8A974D3D60EAAB2B"><enum>(1)</enum><text>the term <term>covered offense</term>—</text>
<subparagraph id="id4895530a1bc84df9864de5a36aeb24ea"><enum>(A)</enum><text>means an offense—</text> <clause id="id915d5ffb70bb4e0488d04bd63de8da55"><enum>(i)</enum><text>specified in—</text>
<subclause id="idfdd201ed1dd64495a03afdd73aa043e1"><enum>(I)</enum><text>this title or any other Act of Congress;</text> </subclause><subclause id="id5dcdf00c4b3d4d8e9af65c24a3c0189e"><enum>(II)</enum><text>any regulation; or</text>
</subclause><subclause id="id2813adc509c848f0b386ed1f4a96f2f8"><enum>(III)</enum><text>any law (including regulations) of any State or foreign government incorporated by reference into this title or any other Act of Congress; and</text>
</subclause></clause><clause id="ida4474912c49f47d28be0095282d8ac80"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>that is punishable by imprisonment, a maximum criminal fine of at least $2,500, or both; and</text> </clause></subparagraph><subparagraph id="idcf21afbf2da84b94ab872495d2c718f8"><enum>(B)</enum><text>does not include—</text>
<clause id="id59d64290e25d4835baf9490969ef51e7"><enum>(i)</enum><text>any offense set forth in chapter 47 or <external-xref legal-doc="usc-chapter" parsable-cite="usc-chapter/10/47A">chapter 47A</external-xref> of title 10; or</text> </clause><clause id="ide3929f84feec4eb7a136d5324824e33d"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>any offense incorporated by section 13(a) of this title;</text>
</clause></subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="id310A7BFAE55F420D8CD2DC1C0FF4CBF4"><enum>(2)</enum><text>the term <term>existing covered offense without a state of mind requirement</term> means a covered offense for which—</text> <subparagraph id="id5537853CE080400DBD5027C2848AA2E4"><enum>(A)</enum><text>the provision or provisions specifying the elements of the offense were enacted, promulgated, or finalized on or before the date of enactment of this section; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="ide3c33c878a964de09330252c5eb5f4c9"><enum>(B)</enum><text>there is not a state of mind requirement specified for 1 or more elements of the covered offense, which shall be determined in accordance with subsection (d)—</text>
<clause id="id9E619D478A494FE8834FAC5AABA04D96"><enum>(i)</enum><text>in the text of the covered offense; or</text> </clause><clause id="id1537952D8C0949AFBE02CCD28DDE278A"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>under the precedents of the Supreme Court of the United States;</text>
</clause></subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="idF3C95B7F40314FE4A4617B0929EF0DFA"><enum>(3)</enum><text>the term <term>existing covered regulatory offense without a state of mind requirement</term> means an existing covered offense without a state of mind requirement for which the provision or provisions specifying the elements of the offense are in regulations promulgated by an agency;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="id53BA097159A64A49AD01057E9583D20A"><enum>(4)</enum><text>the term <term>future covered offense</term> means a covered offense for which the provision or provisions specifying the elements of the offense are enacted, promulgated, or finalized after the date of enactment of this section;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="ideb28e400be95426686413b7a9d5b5f33"><enum>(5)</enum><text>the term <term>state of mind</term> means willfully, intentionally, maliciously, knowingly, recklessly, wantonly, negligently, or with reason to believe, or any other word or phrase that is synonymous with or substantially similar to any such term; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="id3c81c828d3134d669c95a7c99b2182fb"><enum>(6)</enum><text>the term <term>willfully</term>, as related to an element of an offense, means—</text> <subparagraph id="idb3a364ab303a4e2f81a2f846ee1578e5"><enum>(A)</enum><text>that the person acted with knowledge that the person's conduct was unlawful; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="id53b4022acab34fceb50f9e9ac0cb83ad"><enum>(B)</enum><text>if the element involves the nature, attendant circumstances, object, or result of the conduct of a person, that—</text>
<clause id="id32958122699344b18034fd528de12973"><enum>(i)</enum><text>the person had knowledge of the nature, attendant circumstances, object, or result of his or her conduct; and</text>
</clause><clause id="id584916f77050470aaac71712a0e0f098"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>it was the conscious object of the person to engage in conduct—</text> <subclause id="idd18ec219972045ed917b0eeaa04d270f"><enum>(I)</enum><text>of that nature;</text>
</subclause><subclause id="id13d7c5a5a5a64364b48f090161ce0c63"><enum>(II)</enum><text>with that attendant circumstance;</text> </subclause><subclause id="id6f7b33a79bc54f6f8108b0004539dfd6"><enum>(III)</enum><text>with that object; or</text>
</subclause><subclause id="id5ebd888baed4459fa43e614f9c83abcb"><enum>(IV)</enum><text>to cause such a result.</text> </subclause></clause></subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="id4542388d214c490198d5b08d018e362c"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Future covered offenses</header><text>A future covered offense shall be construed to require the Government to prove beyond a reasonable doubt that the defendant acted—</text>
<paragraph id="ida674da9cd6d2484e9347dc51b544cba8"><enum>(1)</enum><text>with the state of mind specified in the text of the future covered offense for each element of the offense for which the text specifies a state of mind; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="idd3e61a072e654a58bfcc742e76d78255"><enum>(2)</enum><text>except as provided in subsection (d), willfully, with respect to any element of the offense for which the text of the future covered offense does not specify a state of mind.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="idBED65708C0ED46E68DF80A837D7DE4B8"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Existing covered offenses without a state of mind requirement</header>
<paragraph id="id2CC81109C98045B5A89D24919B9CADB8"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Default requirement for existing statutory offenses without a state of mind requirement</header>
<subparagraph id="id1A119D39838449008BCA81D19B69A920"><enum>(A)</enum><header>In general</header><text>On and after the date specified in subparagraph (B), an existing covered offense without a state of mind requirement for which the provision or provisions specifying the elements of the existing covered offense are in an Act of Congress shall be construed to require the Government to prove beyond a reasonable doubt that the defendant acted—</text>
<clause id="idE2AE77BE11C1411B9120A5CC73643D35"><enum>(i)</enum><text>with the state of mind specified in the text of the existing covered offense without a state of mind requirement, including any amendment made after the date of enactment of this section, for each element for which the text specifies a state of mind; and</text>
</clause><clause id="idDB7D197CF43D487AA6B5204363F2237C"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>except as provided in subsection (d), willfully, with respect to any element for which the text of the existing covered offense without a state of mind requirement does not specify a state of mind.</text>
</clause></subparagraph><subparagraph id="idB04CD3E76E1C4E9A82C40D6642A04808"><enum>(B)</enum><header>Deadline</header><text>The date specified in this subparagraph is the earlier of—</text> <clause id="idE96B9ADDCD94487EBCC79F92AE0C2D7E"><enum>(i)</enum><text>the date that is 2 years after the date on which the National Criminal Justice Commission submits the report under section 101(b) of the <short-title>Mens Rea Reform Act of 2018</short-title>; or</text>
</clause><clause id="idA50BB14C01F54AE79838BD34F796FB5A"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>the date that is 5 years after the date of enactment of the <short-title>Mens Rea Reform Act of 2018</short-title>.</text> </clause></subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="id8FF796E174144928B00F1DD01792660C"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Existing covered regulatory offenses without a state of mind requirement</header> <subparagraph id="id5D8F6829820E4EB68BBAA1541AEBF196"><enum>(A)</enum><header>In general</header><text>Not later than the date specified in subparagraph (B), each agency that has in effect an existing covered regulatory offense without a state of mind requirement shall promulgate regulations, after providing notice and an opportunity for comment, specifying the state of mind required for each element of the existing covered regulatory offense for which a state of mind is not specified.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="id2B85625F7BB142AE876179477690061A"><enum>(B)</enum><header>Deadline</header><text>The date specified in this subparagraph is the earlier of—</text> <clause id="id3EAEA49EF3A2411288E6D5D60EA87FE5"><enum>(i)</enum><text>the date that is 3 years after the date on which the National Criminal Justice Commission submits the report under section 101(b) of the <short-title>Mens Rea Reform Act of 2018</short-title>; or</text>
</clause><clause id="idCE37EB452F8F4BA1A8F5D13DAC04EE4C"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>the date that is 6 years after the date of enactment of the <short-title>Mens Rea Reform Act of 2018</short-title>.</text> </clause></subparagraph><subparagraph id="id3877757E4EA040079F09B47FDE6F4DDB"><enum>(C)</enum><header>No strict liability offenses</header><text>The regulations promulgated by an agency under subparagraph (A) may not specify that an element of an existing covered regulatory offense does not require any state of mind be proven.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="id56FCBA38D6EC4B99B367FB3205756CEA"><enum>(D)</enum><header>Sunset</header><text>Except as provided in subsection (d), after the date specified in subparagraph (B), the criminal penalty provisions of an existing covered regulatory offense for which the regulations establishing the elements of the existing covered regulatory offense do not specify a state of mind for 1 or more elements shall cease to have force or effect.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="idD14B904C06964717B57685727C02EC86"><enum>(E)</enum><header>Rule of construction</header><text>Nothing in this paragraph shall be construed to grant an agency authority with respect to establishing the mens rea requirements for a covered regulatory offense that is in addition to, or in lieu of, such authority provided under the statute authorizing the covered regulatory offense.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="idAC48123EE5CF41DEA487EBDE32C7B718"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Determination that elements lack required state of mind</header>
<paragraph id="id01EC1842F6F54277BFE464BD27B87F21"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Failure To distinguish among elements</header><text>Except as provided in paragraph (2), if the text of a covered offense specifies the state of mind required for commission of the covered offense without specifying the elements of the covered offense to which the state of mind applies, the state of mind specified shall apply to all elements of the covered offense, unless a contrary legislative purpose plainly appears in the text of the statute.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="idCB06BC6676FA4E069C2DE654E5FD5ED0"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Exceptions</header>
<subparagraph id="id41ab9b18d42b4c86969c95aede315bac"><enum>(A)</enum><header>In general</header><text>Paragraph (1) of this subsection, subsection (b)(2), and paragraphs (1)(A)(ii) and (2)(D) of subsection (c) shall not apply with respect to—</text>
<clause id="id4f11c89a86c249ce909391f6acff8b61"><enum>(i)</enum><text>any element for which the text of the covered offense makes clear that Congress affirmatively intended not to require the Government to prove any state of mind with respect to such element;</text>
</clause><clause id="ida1a89687bbd74065b921e39039f4df9e"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>any element of a covered offense, to the extent that the element establishes—</text> <subclause id="id45a46c8f9b9146328aaa1d328571743a"><enum>(I)</enum><text>subject matter jurisdiction over the covered offense; or</text>
</subclause><subclause id="id4afc66f818064868bdbff0b8a9b31ddb"><enum>(II)</enum><text>venue with respect to trial of the covered offense; or</text> </subclause></clause><clause id="id787a940fcff9404fbaf006212b2a956a"><enum>(iii)</enum><text>any element of a covered offense, to the extent that applying paragraph (1) of this subsection, subsection (b)(2), or paragraph (1)(A)(ii) or (2)(D) of subsection (c) to such element would lessen the degree of mental culpability that the Government is required to prove with respect to that element under—</text>
<subclause id="idaebe3da5c17d4b34ab5b24e94295632e"><enum>(I)</enum><text>precedent of the Supreme Court of the United States; or</text> </subclause><subclause id="ida18d8f9b572c4f9bbf5da2ef84854432"><enum>(II)</enum><text>any other provision of this title, any other Act of Congress, or any regulation.</text>
</subclause></clause></subparagraph><subparagraph id="id1A179E55FECA4B17827253B636C50291"><enum>(B)</enum><header>Mere absence insufficient</header><text>For purposes of subparagraph (A)(i), the mere absence of a specified state of mind for an element of a covered offense in the text of the covered offense shall not be construed to mean that Congress affirmatively intended not to require the Government to prove any state of mind with respect to that element.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="id5a9f9bc963f14439a90ca2cbeef7f46a"><enum>(e)</enum><header>Subsequently enacted laws</header><text>No law enacted after the date of enactment of this section shall be construed to repeal, modify the text or effect of, or supersede in whole or in part this section, unless such law specifically refers to this section and explicitly repeals, modifies the text or effect of, or supersedes in whole or in part this section.</text></subsection></section><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block>
</subsection><subsection id="idA97987CA70F64EB294702999673B2A6D"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Commission report and legislation</header>
<paragraph id="id148902FCF04642A1BC504D598AC3741C"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Definitions</header><text>In this section, the term <term>existing covered offenses without a state of mind requirement</term> has the meaning given that term in section 28 of title 18, United States Code, as added by subsection (a).</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="idB70983D5C1AA43A99C8271A8700D555E"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Submission</header><text>Not later than the earlier of 2 years after the date on which the Attorney General submits the report required under section 102(b) or 3 years after the date of enactment of this Act, the National Criminal Justice Commission shall submit to Congress—</text>
<subparagraph id="idC22EFF3C912D4055966BC96410479189"><enum>(A)</enum><text>a report identifying—</text> <clause id="id8AE05509492642E8ADEEFE54183ABAC0"><enum>(i)</enum><text>the existing covered offenses without a state of mind requirement; and</text>
</clause><clause id="id516dd347b38e443dad5f5f47a0fbb6d6"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>the existing covered offenses without a state of mind requirement for which the Commission recommends that the Government not be required to prove any state of mind with respect to 1 or more elements of the offense, based on consideration of the criteria described in paragraph (3); and</text>
</clause></subparagraph><subparagraph id="idb8756bfa3f5a48e29f2e94aaf0606fba"><enum>(B)</enum><text>for each existing covered offense without a state of mind requirement identified under subparagraph (A)(ii) for which the provision or provisions specifying the elements of the existing covered offense without a state of mind requirement are in an Act of Congress, proposed legislative language to make clear the Government is not required to prove any state of mind with respect to 1 or more elements of the offense.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="idAAF65354A93E45ABA73E900FA0ED056A"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Criteria</header><text>The criteria specified in this paragraph are—</text> <subparagraph id="id3085a8461dc145188f1e93a040437507"><enum>(A)</enum><text>whether the covered offense makes criminal a type of conduct that a reasonable person should know is subject to stringent public regulation and may seriously threaten public health or safety; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="id0727301dee8a4a9f91a132b3ce8da9da"><enum>(B)</enum><text>the potential penalty attached to a violation of the covered offense, with a severe penalty suggesting that the offense should not be a strict liability offense.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="id2A5695EE1FD64920B10873CC9FE29410"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Expedited procedures</header>
<paragraph commented="no" id="id2DCEFDB5EF0A4E9A840FF3F0D734A5AE"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Definition</header><text>In this subsection, the term <term>joint resolution</term> means a joint resolution consisting of the proposed legislative language submitted under subsection (b)(2)(B) and introduced or reintroduced under paragraph (2) of this subsection.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="id26af5aea741a449499fa6c097f5f5b11"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Introduction of proposed legislative language</header>
<subparagraph id="idD1B783FA4A6542CDB1D152D07676B057"><enum>(A)</enum><header>In general</header><text>The proposed legislative language submitted by the National Criminal Justice Commission under subsection (b)(2)(B)—</text>
<clause id="id9e677ee14a8941fab6cbdea7308eddc7"><enum>(i)</enum><text>shall be introduced in the Senate (by request) by the Majority Leader or Minority Leader of the Senate or by a Member of the Senate designated by the Majority Leader or Minority Leader of the Senate not later than 30 days after the date on which the proposed legislation is submitted to Congress; and</text>
</clause><clause id="idbadd1a3ac1924f01a5e0e746b7c73590"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>shall be introduced in the House of Representatives (by request) by the Speaker of the House of Representatives or the Minority Leader of the House of Representatives or by a Member of the House of Representatives designated by the Speaker of the House of Representatives or the Minority Leader of the House of Representatives not later than 30 days after the date on which the proposed legislation is submitted to Congress.</text>
</clause></subparagraph><subparagraph id="id7E69B68594D940F280D5C0E55B030C19"><enum>(B)</enum><header>Reintroduction</header><text>The proposed legislative language submitted by the National Criminal Justice Commission under subsection (b)(2)(B) shall be reintroduced as described in subparagraph (A) not later than 30 days after the first day of a Congress if—</text>
<clause id="id90B6D214F0EB41CDA6A3D7AF0ACE45DE"><enum>(i)</enum><text>the proposed legislative language was introduced during the previous Congress after the date that was 210 days before the date of the sine die adjournment of such previous Congress; and</text>
</clause><clause id="id8FF18E93E4CA4D8494296FF01563BDEA"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>there was not a vote in either House of Congress on passage of the joint resolution introduced under subparagraph (A) during the previous Congress by which the joint resolution was not agreed to.</text>
</clause></subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="H4EA964A86C264F0A8646EAB6DA87D5C"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Expedited consideration in House of Representatives</header>
<subparagraph id="HF53FB4F231024E7E002B30966B495C21"><enum>(A)</enum><header>Reporting and discharge</header><text>Any committee of the House of Representatives to which a joint resolution is referred shall report it to the House of Representatives not later than 180 days after the date on which the joint resolution is introduced or reintroduced in the House of Representatives under paragraph (2). If a committee fails to report the joint resolution within that period, the committee shall be discharged from further consideration of the joint resolution and the joint resolution shall be referred to the appropriate calendar.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="H4E5438468A414C028CB1030034E86357"><enum>(B)</enum><header>Proceeding to consideration</header>
<clause id="idA51D1589FB8344C8AD47E5ECA7C94A92"><enum>(i)</enum><header>In general</header><text>After each committee authorized to consider a joint resolution reports it to the House of Representatives or has been discharged from its consideration, it shall be in order, not later than 210 days after the date on which the joint resolution is introduced or reintroduced in the House of Representatives under paragraph (2), to move to proceed to consider the joint resolution in the House of Representatives.</text>
</clause><clause id="id48A4D3B4DCB64F969E1FCB9416F641F5"><enum>(ii)</enum><header>Procedure</header><text>For a motion to proceed to consideration of a joint resolution—</text> <subclause id="id36CE2C40729341F5A6FCA25BD4FF17C7"><enum>(I)</enum><text>all points of order against the motion are waived;</text>
</subclause><subclause id="idE3FCA49735F247979F0E0ECA4217549F"><enum>(II)</enum><text>such a motion shall not be in order after the House of Representatives has disposed of a motion to proceed on the joint resolution;</text>
</subclause><subclause id="id980B709B8F13404ABFDF9F15C3A1D334"><enum>(III)</enum><text>the previous question shall be considered as ordered on the motion to its adoption without intervening motion;</text>
</subclause><subclause id="id29892EEB7352475A9D82F349026AC524"><enum>(IV)</enum><text>the motion shall not be debatable; and</text>
</subclause><subclause id="id00CA3E6DF7F74DB1BFB4822C0BB99E76"><enum>(V)</enum><text>a motion to reconsider the vote by which the motion is disposed of shall not be in order.</text>
</subclause></clause></subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HEE3C1B021C33479984DB7313346947A3"><enum>(C)</enum><header>Consideration</header><text>If the House of Representatives proceeds to consideration of a joint resolution—</text> <clause commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="id4AABBDF4D2F54722A7BB4533B7A74390"><enum>(i)</enum><text>the joint resolution shall be considered as read;</text>
</clause><clause commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="idEC97461267DA41448690AF69B835E859"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>all points of order against the joint resolution and against its consideration are waived;</text>
</clause><clause commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="id467184F3B4984625A00FCA77D6BFF69B"><enum>(iii)</enum><text>the previous question shall be considered as ordered on the joint resolution to its passage without intervening motion except 10 hours of debate equally divided and controlled by the proponent and an opponent;</text>
</clause><clause commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="idFFFC340608B6409C8A167E6F447E1F96"><enum>(iv)</enum><text>an amendment to the joint resolution shall not be in order; and</text> </clause><clause commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="id1E86F71F061148B2996E32452E5194D4"><enum>(v)</enum><text>a motion to reconsider the vote on passage of the joint resolution shall not be in order.</text>
</clause></subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="H9F27DD03951B45A4B88E046CEF612300"><enum>(4)</enum><header>Expedited consideration in Senate</header>
<subparagraph commented="no" id="HEECA9155531044C7923699B0D7F0D1A9"><enum>(A)</enum><header>Placement on calendar</header><text>Upon introduction in the Senate, the joint resolution shall be placed immediately on the calendar.</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" id="H9FB01AFC00724EE9B4021BF58D68EEE"><enum>(B)</enum><header>Proceeding to consideration</header> <clause commented="no" id="H911399D6B22B433191A4C54F8CC57D11"><enum>(i)</enum><header>In general</header><text>Notwithstanding rule XXII of the Standing Rules of the Senate, it is in order, not later than 210 days after the date on which the joint resolution is introduced or reintroduced in the Senate under paragraph (2) (even though a previous motion to the same effect has been disagreed to) to move to proceed to the consideration of a joint resolution.</text>
</clause><clause commented="no" id="id9E578A6C89BA4F48BA7CB61A51899A17"><enum>(ii)</enum><header>Procedure</header><text>For a motion to proceed to the consideration of a joint resolution—</text> <subclause commented="no" id="idB991BE12419A4769BB047992DCCA994B"><enum>(I)</enum><text>all points of order against the motion are waived;</text>
</subclause><subclause commented="no" id="id7EE32329A566432CAE6DFF004519920C"><enum>(II)</enum><text>the motion is not debatable;</text> </subclause><subclause commented="no" id="id128F2A3334824E43B6D987E023FDB48D"><enum>(III)</enum><text>the motion is not subject to a motion to postpone;</text>
</subclause><subclause commented="no" id="idC93CCAFFF49A41F0B4C1AEE92FFAC266"><enum>(IV)</enum><text>a motion to reconsider the vote by which the motion is agreed to or disagreed to shall not be in order; and</text>
</subclause><subclause commented="no" id="idD66E5AAE05E94869B4923126BB7E7A75"><enum>(V)</enum><text>if the motion is agreed to, the joint resolution shall remain the unfinished business until disposed of.</text>
</subclause></clause></subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" id="id78A1373CA3324D77B7193E80A72A85A8"><enum>(C)</enum><header>Floor consideration</header>
<clause commented="no" id="idF9AC7D607C46499D89FC34DA5F74205F"><enum>(i)</enum><header>In general</header><text>If the Senate proceeds to consideration of a joint resolution—</text> <subclause commented="no" id="id760EB467A21A40C286DE10DFEFEBA5D0"><enum>(I)</enum><text>all points of order against the joint resolution (and against consideration of the joint resolution) are waived;</text>
</subclause><subclause commented="no" id="H9815FFE925934F478D702700FAECC0C8"><enum>(II)</enum><text>consideration of the joint resolution, and all debatable motions and appeals in connection therewith, shall be limited to not more than 10 hours, which shall be divided equally between the majority and minority leaders or their designees;</text>
</subclause><subclause commented="no" id="id466C03DC76CA4FABBFD1EFEFFD264781"><enum>(III)</enum><text>a motion further to limit debate is in order and not debatable;</text>
</subclause><subclause commented="no" id="id4406CBFBEB554998A796A265F5DC9556"><enum>(IV)</enum><text>an amendment to, a motion to postpone, or a motion to commit the joint resolution is not in order; and</text>
</subclause><subclause commented="no" id="id8268CFA185354E01BC0467A99F83DF31"><enum>(V)</enum><text>a motion to proceed to the consideration of other business is not in order.</text>
</subclause></clause><clause commented="no" id="H630AD997C7264858AC86697C392E86FA"><enum>(ii)</enum><header>Vote on passage</header><text>The vote on passage shall occur immediately following the conclusion of the consideration of a joint resolution, and a single quorum call at the conclusion of the debate if requested in accordance with the rules of the Senate.</text>
</clause><clause commented="no" id="H37829F0A722E485D9E8EFD9EFD4DDD50"><enum>(iii)</enum><header>Rulings of the chair on procedure</header><text>Appeals from the decisions of the Chair relating to the application of this paragraph or the rules of the Senate, as the case may be, to the procedure relating to a joint resolution shall be decided without debate.</text>
</clause></subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="HC0A3744CB72A44B70057096190629488"><enum>(5)</enum><header>Rules relating to Senate and House of Representatives</header>
<subparagraph commented="no" id="H201CE343E7A44EB49F64DD99A8A78E6F"><enum>(A)</enum><header>Coordination with action by other house</header><text>If, before the passage by one House of a joint resolution of that House, that House receives from the other House a joint resolution—</text>
<clause commented="no" id="HEC93F99B82A64AFABCAEFD5F23189E7B"><enum>(i)</enum><text>the joint resolution of the other House shall not be referred to a committee; and</text> </clause><clause commented="no" id="H00364B2CBF00433B869582464FAEBF45"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>with respect to a joint resolution of the House receiving the resolution—</text>
<subclause commented="no" id="H1A0B824E00914859A0CDDD57EBFE72FB"><enum>(I)</enum><text>the procedure in that House shall be the same as if no joint resolution had been received from the other House; and</text>
</subclause><subclause commented="no" id="HC3F4AFF3748D49758D5712EF36F56DF3"><enum>(II)</enum><text>the vote on passage shall be on the joint resolution of the other House.</text> </subclause></clause></subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" id="HA9224C0DE15D49D8A34F57E94F30007D"><enum>(B)</enum><header>Treatment of joint resolution of other House</header><text>If one House fails to introduce or consider a joint resolution under this subsection, the joint resolution of the other House shall be entitled to expedited floor procedures under this subsection.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" id="HF79766811BA548568DE7A31071551D9E"><enum>(C)</enum><header>Treatment of companion measures</header><text>If, following passage of a joint resolution in the Senate, the Senate receives the companion measure from the House of Representatives, the companion measure shall not be debatable.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="HBDB58EAE8D2F45068FA5ED8E4139CF04"><enum>(D)</enum><header>Consideration after passage</header><text>If the President vetoes the joint resolution, consideration of a veto message in the Senate under this paragraph shall be not more than 10 hours equally divided between the majority and minority leaders or their designees.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph commented="no" id="H3379EB1614E1450BBAE87831EF791DBA"><enum>(6)</enum><header>Rules of House of Representatives and Senate</header><text>This subsection is enacted by Congress—</text> <subparagraph commented="no" id="H388A960DA12B414AB4F48541F3BFC635"><enum>(A)</enum><text>as an exercise of the rulemaking power of the Senate and House of Representatives, respectively, and as such is deemed a part of the rules of each House, respectively, but applicable only with respect to the procedure to be followed in that House in the case of a joint resolution, and to supersede other rules only to the extent that it is inconsistent with such rules; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HBCB049D6BDBE4489BDE0031DFF5CFE6"><enum>(B)</enum><text>with full recognition of the constitutional right of either House to change the rules (so far as relating to the procedure of that House) at any time, in the same manner, and to the same extent as in the case of any other rule of that House.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="idad892b1d2cb34bf985d2695ccd056a41"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Technical and conforming amendment</header><text>The table of sections for <external-xref legal-doc="usc-chapter" parsable-cite="usc-chapter/18/1">chapter 1</external-xref> of title 18, United States Code, is amended by adding at the end the following:</text>
<quoted-block display-inline="no-display-inline" id="idA7CC51EEBF264FC881482D078F43C005" style="OLC"><toc><toc-entry bold="off" level="section">28. State of mind when not otherwise specifically provided.</toc-entry></toc><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block>
</subsection></section><section id="id35ec71de-88ec-4fab-b637-780f87d82db6"><enum>102.</enum><header>Inventory of Federal criminal offenses</header>
<subsection id="id06500b7a-8ab4-4ee8-b78b-ad0568538abd"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Definitions</header><text>In this section—</text> <paragraph id="id43731a1c-b4a1-4e56-a14a-ca933f5e358e"><enum>(1)</enum><text>the term <term>criminal regulatory offense</term> means a Federal regulation that is enforceable by a criminal penalty;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="idabdb0a7a-8917-49c8-b282-c81356633b3c"><enum>(2)</enum><text>the term <term>criminal statutory offense</term> means a criminal offense under a Federal statute; and</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="id7A640F63FDB842D89AB04BD7450209BA"><enum>(3)</enum><text>the term <term>Executive agency</term>—</text>
<subparagraph id="idFAF1F5CB106A4BDCA54EC16981549796"><enum>(A)</enum><text>has the meaning given the term in section 105 of title 5, United States Code; and</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="id3B2674788A7E401EA8BF55C97B1471F3"><enum>(B)</enum><text>includes the United States Postal Service and the Postal Regulatory Commission.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="idd14a6e8a-9f30-4ec2-9726-6f7fa03530e6"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Report on criminal statutory offenses</header><text>Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act, the Attorney General shall submit to the Committee on the Judiciary of the Senate and the Committee on the Judiciary of the House of Representatives and make publicly available a report, which shall include—</text>
<paragraph id="iddb0194a4-adef-4d1a-930b-37d804e2a6b4"><enum>(1)</enum><text>a list of all criminal statutory offenses, including a list of the elements for each criminal statutory offense; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="id3a49f712-6ca8-4d90-9def-007627613418"><enum>(2)</enum><text>for each criminal statutory offense listed under paragraph (1) and organized by Federal district where applicable—</text>
<subparagraph id="idfcc48756-9230-47a9-a924-ab3417819cfc"><enum>(A)</enum><text>the potential criminal penalty for the criminal statutory offense;</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="id7EA48DFD92234245BF254AC1E1422ADD"><enum>(B)</enum><text>the number of violations of the criminal statutory offense referred to the Department of Justice by an Executive agency for prosecution, including referrals from investigative agencies of the Department of Justice, in each of the years during the 15-year period preceding the date of enactment of this Act;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="ida6375a11-2160-4f6f-b9bf-ee53f9e8d50f"><enum>(C)</enum><text>the number of prosecutions for the criminal statutory offense brought by the Department of Justice each year for the 15-year period preceding the date of enactment of this Act;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="id67c68868e8d549a19b1efc9211f8436d"><enum>(D)</enum><text>the number of prosecutions for the criminal statutory offense brought by the Department of Justice that have resulted in conviction for each year of the 15-year period preceding the date of enactment of this Act;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="idd41bbc0bd9b941b2bbb19f1c7242288c"><enum>(E)</enum><text>the number of convictions for the criminal statutory offense that have resulted in imprisonment for each year of the 15-year period preceding the date of enactment of this Act;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="idb9ab77bc55ca47b98bb8308d9bc17aeb"><enum>(F)</enum><text>the average length of sentence of imprisonment imposed as a result of conviction for the criminal statutory offense during each year of the 15-year period preceding the date of enactment of this Act;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="id27e619ed-a37d-491f-b047-1f7a068fb3ac"><enum>(G)</enum><text>the mens rea requirement for the criminal statutory offense; and</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="id7ed947b388ea4f8da7fc689862b5d84a"><enum>(H)</enum><text>the number of prosecutions for the criminal statutory offense in which the Department of Justice was not required to prove mens rea as a component of the offense.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="id644c0583-d93b-4f8c-a9ec-59a8540b2118"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Report on criminal regulatory offenses</header><text>Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act, the head of each Executive agency shall submit to the Committee on the Judiciary of the Senate and the Committee on the Judiciary of the House of Representatives and make publicly available a report, which shall include—</text>
<paragraph id="id084270c4-bc68-4320-9669-3c6bd668581b"><enum>(1)</enum><text>a list of all criminal regulatory offenses enforceable by the agency; and</text> </paragraph><paragraph id="id28fde8e8-b5e5-4ddd-be23-de1fc8da92c3"><enum>(2)</enum><text>for each criminal regulatory offense listed under paragraph (1)—</text>
<subparagraph id="id6bff5376-c99e-4fe8-aa2f-876f77fb4624"><enum>(A)</enum><text>the potential criminal penalty for a violation of the criminal regulatory offense;</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="idb6f6122e-6483-453e-8fb4-bc6cb4a3c373"><enum>(B)</enum><text>the number of violations of the criminal regulatory offense referred to the Department of Justice for prosecution in each of the years during the 15-year period preceding the date of enactment of this Act;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="id0b75e154e56b4a41ba5264bd22ece44b"><enum>(C)</enum><text>the number of prosecutions for the criminal regulatory offense brought by the Department of Justice each year for the 15-year period preceding the date of enactment of this Act;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="id72b59f1f38364afc9e01b4cbe32693cb"><enum>(D)</enum><text>the number of prosecutions for the criminal regulatory offense brought by the Department of Justice that have resulted in conviction for each year of the 15-year period preceding the date of enactment of this Act;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="id03e526f2b2f0440c8215d3afd7faa718"><enum>(E)</enum><text>the number of convictions for the criminal regulatory offense that have resulted in imprisonment for each year of the 15-year period preceding the date of enactment of this Act;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="id24d0f900250a418eab743153a4727526"><enum>(F)</enum><text>the average length of sentence of imprisonment imposed as a result of conviction for the criminal regulatory offense during each year of the 15-year period preceding the date of enactment of this Act;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="id1e84fa94-ceff-4074-a985-f8d20f14af3c"><enum>(G)</enum><text>the mens rea requirement for the criminal regulatory offense; and</text> </subparagraph><subparagraph id="idfd52130a1e384a71ba9577c76e25c1af"><enum>(H)</enum><text>the number of prosecutions for the criminal regulatory offense in which the Department of Justice was not required to prove mens rea as a component of the offense.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="idf3c5dbd8-a09b-4721-a03e-421468d36bb8"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Index</header><text>Not later than 2 years after the date of enactment of this Act—</text> <paragraph id="id4293afab-92ff-42eb-9030-e1bc90838193"><enum>(1)</enum><text>the Attorney General shall establish a publically accessible index of each criminal statutory offense listed in the report required under subsection (b) and make the index available and freely accessible on the website of the Department of Justice; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="id2ef0dc7b-51e0-4231-ae9b-45102f774146"><enum>(2)</enum><text>the head of each Executive agency shall establish a publically accessible index of each criminal regulatory offense listed in the report required under subsection (c) and make the index available and freely accessible on the website of the agency.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="ida82f91a5-9b0c-47f0-a0ce-67ef2e4b7a35"><enum>(e)</enum><header>Rule of construction</header><text>Nothing in this section shall be construed to require or authorize appropriations.</text> </subsection></section><enum>II</enum><header>National Criminal Justice Commission Act</header> <section id="id803DC740686E45C19409286A737B32E8"><enum>201.</enum><header>Findings</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">Congress finds that—</text>
<paragraph id="idDC86DF6FF1C14698905DCE9140C27153"><enum>(1)</enum><text>it is in the interest of the Nation to establish a commission to undertake a comprehensive review of the criminal justice system;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="idFF38DDCC83844D6BAB6694C7A28F0FC4"><enum>(2)</enum><text>there has not been a comprehensive study since the President’s Commission on Law Enforcement and Administration of Justice was established in 1965;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="id9A0325C135154E999878E572400B8BD9"><enum>(3)</enum><text>that commission, in a span of 18 months, produced a comprehensive report entitled <quote>The Challenge of Crime in a Free Society</quote>, which contained 200 specific recommendations on all aspects of the criminal justice system involving Federal, State, tribal, and local governments, civic organizations, religious institutions, business groups, and individual citizens; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="id590EC999164B4EAE8AF22CF91DB57D97"><enum>(4)</enum><text>developments over the intervening 50 years require once again that Federal, State, tribal, and local governments, civic organizations, religious institutions, business groups, and individual citizens come together to review evidence and consider how to improve the criminal justice system.</text>
</paragraph></section><section id="id55EFC1042D0449248C2CC2A69B542866"><enum>202.</enum><header>Establishment
of commission</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">There is established a commission to be known as the <quote>National Criminal Justice Commission</quote> (referred to in this title as the <quote>Commission</quote>).</text>
</section><section id="idAFBC7D05F1E74A74B48ABAFC41AE64A7"><enum>203.</enum><header>Purpose of
the commission</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">The Commission shall—</text> <paragraph id="id2F452CE7377F4482B96F0704EF790593"><enum>(1)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">undertake a comprehensive review of the criminal justice system;</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="id981FEA61832A458894DDF691EC532026"><enum>(2)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">make recommendations for Federal criminal justice reform to the President and Congress; and</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="idB750761C2D3E444CA293BFBAD05BA254"><enum>(3)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">disseminate findings and supplemental guidance to the Federal Government, as well as to State, local, and tribal governments.</text>
</paragraph></section><section id="id3DA704A34EA342EE9B0F41902711FD42"><enum>204.</enum><header>Review, recommendations, and report</header>
<subsection id="id8C6891259BDA4B69B811E06D7709E4AD"><enum>(a)</enum><header>General
review</header><text>The Commission shall undertake a comprehensive review of all areas of the criminal justice system, including Federal, State, local, and tribal governments’ criminal justice costs, practices, and policies.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="id35DD11C69FC74C198B42688A2231B427"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Recommendations</header>
<paragraph id="id9F2C7B3EB2FC4F08A90CB569ADC90812"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In general</header><text>Not later than 18 months after the first meeting of the Commission, the Commission shall submit to the President and Congress recommendations for changes in Federal oversight, policies, practices, and laws designed to prevent, deter, and reduce crime and violence, reduce recidivism, improve cost-effectiveness, and ensure the interests of justice at every step of the criminal justice system.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="id618AD7226C6D4123A14812F902C4B942"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Unanimous consent required</header><text>A recommendation of the Commission may be adopted and submitted under paragraph (1) if the recommendation is approved by a unanimous vote of the Commissioners at a meeting where a quorum is present pursuant to section 205(d).</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="id735F459F775A4A27AB0B44A8CC101097"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Requirement</header><text>The recommendations submitted under this subsection shall be made available to the public.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="idA26ADD954CEE4A5BBD89BFEA129960F6"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Report</header>
<paragraph id="id75F04F5F02D64E51A0B3D2F9FDF2E10F"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In general</header><text>Not later than 18 months after the first meeting of the Commission, the Commission shall also disseminate to the Federal Government, as well as to State, local, and tribal governments, a report that details the findings and supplemental guidance of the Commission regarding the criminal justice system at all levels of government.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="id3A6BC64F22B14ABE9FCAB036EBD05EB6"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Majority vote required</header><text>Commission findings and supplemental guidance may be adopted and included in the report required under paragraph (1) if the findings or guidance is approved by a majority vote of the Commissioners at a meeting where a quorum is present pursuant to section 205(d), except that any Commissioners dissenting from particular finding or supplemental guidance shall have the right to state the reason for their dissent in writing and such dissent shall be included in the report of the Commission.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="id6E093908ABEC4A9E826B1CBA10A4432B"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Requirement</header><text>The report submitted under this subsection shall be made available to the public.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="idBB137CCC101E435BA041879036F14603"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Prior commissions</header><text>The Commission shall take into consideration the work of prior relevant commissions in conducting its review.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="idBFEAAD786BE24A239249B0C63644B700"><enum>(e)</enum><header>State and local government</header><text>In issuing its recommendations and report under this section, the Commission shall not infringe on the legitimate rights of the States to determine their own criminal laws or the enforcement of such laws.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="idDCC0584A35CC46518E5A5EEAB2CB8892"><enum>(f)</enum><header>Public
hearings</header><text>The Commission shall conduct public hearings in various locations around the United States.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="id881A12DA71BE45DD9D741F0CD0EFE0D1"><enum>(g)</enum><header>Consultation
with government and nongovernment representatives</header>
<paragraph id="id2E0DC5C45C664D8B9218E2AFC0C2FE90"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>The Commission shall—</text> <subparagraph id="id936F452082D1452ABD27BDA1E1ADF1E1"><enum>(A)</enum><text>closely consult with Federal, State, local, and tribal government and nongovernmental leaders, including State, local, and tribal law enforcement officials, legislators, public health officials, judges, court administrators, prosecutors, defense counsel, victims’ rights organizations, probation and parole officials, criminal justice planners, criminologists, civil rights and liberties organizations, formerly incarcerated individuals, professional organizations, and corrections officials; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="idC704FF4D266A499590B861920CDC3BC4"><enum>(B)</enum><text>include in the final report required under subsection (c) summaries of the input and recommendations of these leaders.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="id29BFDDC1DCA1469598368D396A87B8FF"><enum>(2)</enum><header>United States
Sentencing Commission</header><text>To the extent the review and recommendations required by this section relate to sentencing policies and practices for the Federal criminal justice system, the Commission shall conduct such review and make such recommendations in consultation with the United States Sentencing Commission.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="id12BC2E1383394FE8A458EE9A009B9180"><enum>(h)</enum><header>Sense of Congress, goal of unanimity</header><text>It is the sense of the Congress that, given the national importance of the matters before the Commission, the Commission should work toward unanimously supported findings and supplemental guidance, and that unanimously supported findings and supplemental guidance should take precedence over those findings and supplemental guidance that are not unanimously supported.</text>
</subsection></section><section id="id849708DC2C06486F94F93A68A5645CD9"><enum>205.</enum><header>Membership</header>
<subsection id="id0745CD83AAB24DFE9F6120D763BF87DF"><enum>(a)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>The Commission shall be composed of 14 members, as follows:</text>
<paragraph id="idA41147E2D1414D01906D70B98EA45E4B"><enum>(1)</enum><text>One member shall be appointed by the President, who shall serve as co-chairperson of the Commission.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="id6FCFB0E4C79846658B0B72E6D6ACF349"><enum>(2)</enum><text>One member shall be appointed by the leader of the Senate, in consultation with the leader of the House of Representatives, that is a member of the opposite party of the President, who shall serve as co-chairperson of the Commission.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="id2F69142045D148D0AE1B987C53A5DD90"><enum>(3)</enum><text>Two members shall be appointed by the senior member of the Senate leadership of the Democratic Party, in consultation with the Democratic leadership of the Committee on the Judiciary.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="id38D66AC800734779AF3FD00F361AFDB7"><enum>(4)</enum><text>Two members shall be appointed by the senior member of the Senate leadership of the Republican Party, in consultation with the Republican leadership of the Committee on the Judiciary.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="id7B17FDFA629E46C887A78B069DB3B3AC"><enum>(5)</enum><text>Two members shall be appointed by the senior member of the leadership of the House of Representatives of the Republican Party, in consultation with the Republican leadership of the Committee on the Judiciary.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="id325C19C29A8842FABE5CEFE805DD3C3A"><enum>(6)</enum><text>Two members shall be appointed by the senior member of the leadership of the House of Representatives of the Democratic Party, in consultation with the Democratic leadership of the Committee on the Judiciary.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="id752F6BEFFA63420380E0A8CD7579F8BA"><enum>(7)</enum><text>Two members, who shall be State and local representatives, shall be appointed by the President in agreement with leader of the Senate (majority or minority leader, as the case may be) of the Republican Party and the leader of the House of Representatives (majority or minority leader, as the case may be) of the Republican Party.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="id00032624F28A4CDB85A2BD07EDAD8F04"><enum>(8)</enum><text>Two members, who shall be State and local representatives, shall be appointed by the President in agreement with leader of the Senate (majority or minority leader, as the case may be) of the Democratic Party and the leader of the House of Representatives (majority or minority leader, as the case may be) of the Democratic Party.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="idE54C27D949EB4B4492CEBCFC478459C8"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Membership</header>
<paragraph id="id4F47D2D23CFB4E45890B2C02F58DB8FB"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Qualifications</header><text>The individuals appointed from private life as members of the Commission shall be individuals with distinguished reputations for integrity and nonpartisanship who are nationally recognized for expertise, knowledge, or experience in such relevant areas as—</text>
<subparagraph id="idDDD38F91FCFD4F318038FD0D28587348"><enum>(A)</enum><text>law enforcement;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="idA16FDF8B41464C9CB200FCD450BDB165"><enum>(B)</enum><text>criminal justice;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="id5B8E22A08F274B15B82C70CAAE9A524E"><enum>(C)</enum><text>national security;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="idC60B357F030945CD968220F4A9FB93CA"><enum>(D)</enum><text>prison and jail administration;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="idAE2E0346365B4CEE8030943606C95181"><enum>(E)</enum><text>prisoner reentry;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="idFE532480623644B29D80A574E3BF44C1"><enum>(F)</enum><text>public health, including physical and sexual victimization, drug addiction and mental health;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="idE53CDEDBC4994BD3BC98863B2C8BBCC8"><enum>(G)</enum><text>victims’ rights;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="idCB98A177736F4518AA12EC9073BB4CB7"><enum>(H)</enum><text>civil liberties;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="id837B5271649C4C379709D6CF7F259678"><enum>(I)</enum><text>court administration;</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="id2DDB979B3370483688C58B9005280227"><enum>(J)</enum><text>social services; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="idED0EB2DEB0184A74A9E74B8B703D437D"><enum>(K)</enum><text>State, local, and tribal government.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="id66B5B5B7CBC1421AA92D45D32AF57F7A"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Disqualification</header><text>An individual shall not be appointed as a member of the Commission if such individual possesses any personal financial interest in the discharge of any of the duties of the Commission.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="idB17FF8875E4348E9BA89D307449D2807"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Terms</header><text>Members shall be appointed for the life of the Commission.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="id4EC77ED148C94912BB386A4C7991F33E"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Appointment;
first meeting</header>
<paragraph id="idA4516DD9622144E5949170A6D6EC6CF1"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Appointment</header><text>Members of the Commission shall be appointed not later than 45 days after the date of the enactment of this Act.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="id3A1417ABF52A424488B404559FBCF9E0"><enum>(2)</enum><header>First
meeting</header><text>The Commission shall hold its first meeting on the date that is 60 days after the date of enactment of this Act, or not later than 30 days after the date on which funds are made available for the Commission, whichever is later.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="idFD5AF276653D4739B36E8A42783C452B"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Ethics</header><text>At the first meeting of the Commission, the Commission shall draft appropriate ethics guidelines for commissioners and staff, including guidelines relating to conflict of interest and financial disclosure. The Commission shall consult with the Senate and House Committees on the Judiciary as a part of drafting the guidelines and furnish the Committees with a copy of the completed guidelines.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="id142B20F1AC2046278C8B6FA6D8D45B27"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Meetings;
quorum; vacancies</header>
<paragraph id="id19943A3949114CF3A1968EFC5CB4A4B8"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Meetings</header><text>The Commission shall meet at the call of the co-chairpersons or a majority of its members.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="idACE1B3A31A074B11A661BB54F6A38838"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Quorum</header><text>Eight members of the Commission shall constitute a quorum for purposes of conducting business, except that 2 members of the Commission shall constitute a quorum for purposes of receiving testimony.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="id7F1415D0F11D44C3B971B54BB44A9718"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Vacancies</header><text>Any vacancy in the Commission shall not affect its powers, but shall be filled in the same manner in which the original appointment was made. If vacancies in the Commission occur on any day after 45 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, a quorum shall consist of a majority of the members of the Commission as of such day, so long as not less than 1 Commission member chosen by a member of each party, Republican and Democratic, is present.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="id25714B8F4B7D4F43A2750552E1FADEB9"><enum>(e)</enum><header>Actions of
Commission</header>
<paragraph id="id984AF17C12DD4211B0AC1F640D409C79"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>The Commission—</text> <subparagraph id="id8EEBEA084B084164AE8C9E211ED463A9"><enum>(A)</enum><text>shall, subject to the requirements of section 204, act by resolution agreed to by a majority of the members of the Commission voting and present; and</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="id9BDE3BDBE04E4B06A93D96373DA73F8D"><enum>(B)</enum><text>may establish panels composed of less than the full membership of the Commission for purposes of carrying out the duties of the Commission under this title—</text>
<clause id="id73A3103E6BD2459984DD8262488B0A46"><enum>(i)</enum><text>which shall be subject to the review and control of the Commission; and</text>
</clause><clause id="id3176A12A86824F5C822E06D884DB2B66"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>any findings and determinations made by such a panel shall not be considered the findings and determinations of the Commission unless approved by the Commission.</text>
</clause></subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="id4C0DF77B930A4BE3BDAD22B8AD6BFA25"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Delegation</header><text>Any member, agent, or staff of the Commission may, if authorized by the co-chairpersons of the Commission, take any action which the Commission is authorized to take pursuant to this Act.</text>
</paragraph></subsection></section><section id="idD15C7C2DA313476CB42220FCC16577A9"><enum>206.</enum><header>Administration</header>
<subsection id="id5E43C9E125AE4991B390C8CCD0FA7008"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Staff</header>
<paragraph id="id7D040F97AA804DC7983BD4C569CA4BDF"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Executive
director</header><text>The Commission shall have a staff headed by an Executive Director. The Executive Director shall be paid at a rate established for the Certified Plan pay level for the Senior Executive Service under section 5382 of title 5, United States Code.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="idC6B25709A918451EA1ABFB5BD5D9C63E"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Appointment and
compensation</header><text>The co-chairpersons of the Commission shall designate the Executive Director and, in accordance with rules agreed upon by the Commission, may appoint and fix the compensation of such other personnel as may be necessary to enable the Commission to carry out its functions, without regard to the provisions of title 5, United States Code, governing appointments in the competitive service, and without regard to the provisions of chapter 51 and subchapter III of chapter 53 of such title relating to classification and General Schedule pay rates, except that no rate of pay fixed under this paragraph may exceed the equivalent of that payable for a position at level V of the Executive Schedule under section 5316 of title 5, United States Code.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="id398038E62C1F4009A1CCCEF0CA0C7F5C"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Personnel as
Federal employees</header>
<subparagraph id="id080C4F97EC2D41C7876A6EE946E8B3A0"><enum>(A)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>The executive director and any personnel of the Commission who are employees shall be employees under section 2105 of title 5, United States Code, for purposes of chapters 63, 81, 83, 84, 85, 87, 89, and 90 of that title.</text>
</subparagraph><subparagraph id="id12085393FF3F4747998149CDC3DFEC8F"><enum>(B)</enum><header>Members of
commission</header><text>Subparagraph (A) shall not be construed to apply to members of the Commission.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="id0CEB1FEB7E0948AEA1DE543DE118CC4F"><enum>(4)</enum><header>The
compensation of commissioners</header><text>Each member of the Commission may be compensated at not to exceed the daily equivalent of the annual rate of basic pay in effect for a position at level V of the Executive Schedule under section 5315 of title 5, United States Code, for each day during which that member is engaged in the actual performance of the duties of the Commission. All members of the Commission who are officers or employees of the United States, a State, or a local government shall serve without compensation in addition to that received for their services as officers or employees.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="id505D54421DB646D59760997B119EF798"><enum>(5)</enum><header>Travel
expenses</header><text>While away from their homes or regular places of business in the performance of services for the Commission, members of the Commission shall be allowed travel expenses, including per diem in lieu of subsistence, in the same manner as persons employed intermittently in the Government service are allowed expenses under section 5703(b) of title 5, United States Code.</text>
</paragraph></subsection><subsection id="id4DA7F915124A4D2D84378B9258E3C29D"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Experts and
consultants</header><text>With the approval of the Commission, the Executive Director may procure temporary and intermittent services under section 3109(b) of title 5, United States Code.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="id0177B56485FC4DABBC6B8B3A2347BDE0"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Detail of
Government employees</header><text>Upon the request of the Commission, the head of any Federal agency may detail, without reimbursement, any of the personnel of such agency to the Commission to assist in carrying out the duties of the Commission. Any such detail shall not interrupt or otherwise affect the civil service status or privileges of the Federal employee.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="id8482FEC5FA99480C9FBFC1AE548EB0E6"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Other
resources</header><text>The Commission shall have reasonable access to materials, resources, statistical data, and other information such Commission determines to be necessary to carry out its duties from the Library of Congress, the Department of Justice, the Office of National Drug Control Policy, the Department of State, and other agencies of the executive and legislative branches of the Federal Government. The co-chairpersons of the Commission shall make requests for such access in writing when necessary.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="idF0A34A3145DB44CDA12193A2333B67EB"><enum>(e)</enum><header>Volunteer
services</header><text>Notwithstanding the provisions of section 1342 of title 31, United States Code, the Commission is authorized to accept and utilize the services of volunteers serving without compensation. The Commission may reimburse such volunteers for local travel and office supplies, and for other travel expenses, including per diem in lieu of subsistence, as authorized by section 5703 of title 5, United States Code. A person providing volunteer services to the Commission shall be considered an employee of the Federal Government in performance of those services for the purposes of <external-xref legal-doc="usc-chapter" parsable-cite="usc-chapter/5/81">chapter 81</external-xref> of title 5, United States Code, relating to compensation for work-related injuries, <external-xref legal-doc="usc-chapter" parsable-cite="usc-chapter/28/171">chapter 171</external-xref> of title 28, United States Code, relating to tort claims, and <external-xref legal-doc="usc-chapter" parsable-cite="usc-chapter/18/11">chapter 11</external-xref> of title 18, United States Code, relating to conflicts of interest.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="id2208BC05C92B40EBB359F436D5A16834"><enum>(f)</enum><header>Obtaining
official data</header><text>The Commission may secure directly from any agency of the United States information necessary to enable it to carry out this Act. Upon the request of the co-chairpersons of the Commission, the head of that department or agency shall furnish that information to the Commission. The Commission shall not have access to sensitive information regarding ongoing investigations.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="idBB421FCC7A2F49B39DF0C8BFCB42FCEF"><enum>(g)</enum><header>Mails</header><text>The Commission may use the United States mails in the same manner and under the same conditions as other departments and agencies of the United States.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="idB8AE42EE542F47A78AE57354DC8B9368"><enum>(h)</enum><header>Administrative
reporting</header><text>The Commission shall issue biannual status reports to Congress regarding the use of resources, salaries, and all expenditures of appropriated funds.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="id66EEB81214DF4C198BB65F78271DA95E"><enum>(i)</enum><header>Contracts</header><text>The Commission is authorized to enter into contracts with Federal and State agencies, private firms, institutions, and individuals for the conduct of activities necessary to the discharge of its duties and responsibilities. A contract, lease, or other legal agreement entered into by the Commission may not extend beyond the date of the termination of the Commission.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="idA100364F2A51407E81F365B989107C60"><enum>(j)</enum><header>Gifts</header><text>Subject to existing law, the Commission may accept, use, and dispose of gifts or donations of services or property.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="idE4719CFA1B3A491895E9CB02B4B8A113"><enum>(k)</enum><header>Administrative
assistance</header><text>The Administrator of General Services shall provide to the Commission, on a reimbursable basis, the administrative support services necessary for the Commission to carry out its responsibilities under this Act. These administrative services may include human resource management, budget, leasing, accounting, and payroll services.</text>
</subsection><subsection id="id4DFFDA5C9AD74368B9E5E2071A5A2A4B"><enum>(l)</enum><header>Nonapplicability
of FACA and public access to meetings and minutes</header>
<paragraph id="id3881A18A17E047B69E5965B0B806D937"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In
general</header><text>The Federal Advisory Committee Act (5 U.S.C. App.) shall not apply to the Commission.</text>
</paragraph><paragraph id="id903D1ADA53914EA4A0E0B9592F8FAAB2"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Meetings and
minutes</header>
<subparagraph id="id82F798C3D4CE46CAB74C57DCCFBD0D63"><enum>(A)</enum><header>Meetings</header>
<clause id="id804A026D4DFA476A8F5C102951CBADC3"><enum>(i)</enum><header>Administration</header><text>All meetings of the Commission shall be open to the public, except that a meeting or any portion of it may be closed to the public if it concerns matters or information described in section 552b(c) of title 5, United States Code. Interested persons shall be permitted to appear at open meetings and present oral or written statements on the subject matter of the meeting. The Commission may administer oaths or affirmations to any person appearing before it.</text>
</clause><clause id="idF26A8E7C1B3C468E9E04D44F6B5D3FC8"><enum>(ii)</enum><header>Notice</header><text>All open meetings of the Commission shall be preceded by timely public notice in the Federal Register of the time, place, and subject of the meeting.</text>
</clause></subparagraph><subparagraph id="id75C83D76AB1D4D1EB55681FBE0826628"><enum>(B)</enum><header>Minutes and
public availability</header><text>Minutes of each open meeting shall be kept and shall contain a record of the people present, a description of the discussion that occurred, and copies of all statements filed. The minutes and records of all open meetings and other documents that were made available to or prepared for the Commission shall be available for public inspection and copying at a single location in the offices of the Commission.</text>
</subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="id7D34924C12E8448CA3CFC699E7B6EEC7"><enum>(m)</enum><header>Archiving</header><text>Not later than the date of termination of the Commission, all records and papers of the Commission shall be delivered to the Archivist of the United States for deposit in the National Archives.</text>
</subsection></section><section commented="no" display-inline="no-display-inline" id="id3AC88727D58246E7913D0D7F475D1D4C" section-type="subsequent-section"><enum>207.</enum><header>Sunset</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">The Commission shall terminate 60 days after the Commission submits the report required under section 204 to Congress.</text>
</section>