Substantial cessation of operations

(a)

In general

Subsection (e) of section 4062 of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 (29 U.S.C. 1362) is amended to read as follows:

(e)

Treatment of substantial cessation of operations

(1)

General rule

Except as provided in paragraphs (3) and (4), if there is a substantial cessation of operations at a facility in any location, the employer shall be treated with respect to any single employer plan established and maintained by the employer covering participants at such facility as if the employer were a substantial employer under a plan under which more than one employer makes contributions and the provisions of sections 4063, 4064, and 4065 shall apply.(2)

Substantial cessation of operations

For purposes of this subsection:(A)

In general

The term substantial cessation of operations means a permanent cessation of operations at a facility which results in a workforce reduction of a number of eligible employees at the facility equivalent to more than 15 percent of the number of all eligible employees of the employer, determined immediately before the earlier of—(i)the date of the employer's decision to implement such cessation, or(ii)in the case of a workforce reduction which includes 1 or more eligible employees described in paragraph (6)(B), the earliest date on which any such eligible employee was separated from employment.(B)

Workforce reduction

Subject to subparagraphs (C) and (D), the term workforce reduction means the number of eligible employees at a facility who are separated from employment by reason of the permanent cessation of operations of the employer at the facility.(C)

Relocation of workforce

An eligible employee separated from employment at a facility shall not be taken into account in computing a workforce reduction if, within a reasonable period of time, the employee is replaced by the employer, at the same or another facility located in the United States, by an employee who is a citizen or resident of the United States.(D)

Dispositions

If, whether by reason of a sale or other disposition of the assets or stock of a contributing sponsor (or any member of the same controlled group as such a sponsor) of the plan relating to operations at a facility or otherwise, an employer (the transferee employer) other than the employer which experiences the substantial cessation of operations (the transferor employer) conducts any portion of such operations, then—(i)an eligible employee separated from employment with the transferor employer at the facility shall not be taken into account in computing a workforce reduction if—(I)within a reasonable period of time, the employee is replaced by the transferee employer by an employee who is a citizen or resident of the United States; and(II)in the case of an eligible employee who is a participant in a single employer plan maintained by the transferor employer, the transferee employer, within a reasonable period of time, maintains a single employer plan which includes the assets and liabilities attributable to the accrued benefit of the eligible employee at the time of separation from employment with the transferor employer; and(ii)an eligible employee who continues to be employed at the facility by the transferee employer shall not be taken into account in computing a workforce reduction if—(I)the eligible employee is not a participant in a single employer plan maintained by the transferor employer, or(II)in any other case, the transferee employer, within a reasonable period of time, maintains a single employer plan which includes the assets and liabilities attributable to the accrued benefit of the eligible employee at the time of separation from employment with the transferor employer.(3)

Exemption for plans with limited underfunding

Paragraph (1) shall not apply with respect to a single employer plan if, for the plan year preceding the plan year in which the cessation occurred—(A)there were fewer than 100 participants with accrued benefits under the plan as of the valuation date of the plan for the plan year (as determined under section 303(g)(2)); or(B)the ratio of the market value of the assets of the plan to the funding target of the plan for the plan year was 90 percent or greater.(4)

Election to make additional contributions to satisfy liability

(A)

In general

An employer may elect to satisfy the employer's liability with respect to a plan by reason of paragraph (1) by making additional contributions to the plan in the amount determined under subparagraph (B) for each plan year in the 7-plan-year period beginning with the plan year in which the cessation occurred. Any such additional contribution for a plan year shall be in addition to any minimum required contribution under section 303 for such plan year and shall be paid not later than the earlier of—(i)the due date for the minimum required contribution for such year under section 303(j); or(ii)in the case of the first such contribution, the date that is 1 year after the date on which the employer notifies the Corporation of the substantial cessation of operations or the date the Corporation determines a substantial cessation of operations has occurred, and in the case of subsequent contributions, the same date in each succeeding year.(B)

Amount determined

(i)

In general

Except as provided in clause (iii), the amount determined under this subparagraph with respect to each plan year in the 7-plan-year period is the product of—(I)1/7 of the unfunded vested benefits determined under section 4006(a)(3)(E) as of the valuation date of the plan (as determined under section 303(g)(2)) for the plan year preceding the plan year in which the cessation occurred; and(II)the reduction fraction.(ii)

Reduction fraction

For purposes of clause (i), the reduction fraction of a single employer plan is equal to—(I)the number of participants with accrued benefits in the plan who were included in computing the workforce reduction under paragraph (2)(B) as a result of the cessation of operations at the facility; divided by(II)the number of eligible employees of the employer who are participants with accrued benefits in the plan, determined as of the same date the determination under paragraph (2)(A) is made.(iii)

Limitation

The additional contribution under this subparagraph for any plan year shall not exceed the excess, if any, of—(I)25 percent of the difference between the market value of the assets of the plan and the funding target of the plan for the preceding plan year; over(II)the minimum required contribution under section 303 for the plan year.(C)

Permitted cessation of annual installments when plan becomes sufficiently funded

An employer's obligation to make additional contributions under this paragraph shall not apply to—(i)the first plan year (beginning on or after the first day of the plan year in which the cessation occurs) for which the ratio of the market value of the assets of the plan to the funding target of the plan for the plan year is 90 percent or greater, or(ii)any plan year following such first plan year.(D)

Coordination with funding waivers

(i)

In general

If the Secretary of the Treasury issues a funding waiver under section 302(c) with respect to the plan for a plan year in the 7-plan-year period under subparagraph (A), the additional contribution with respect to such plan year shall be permanently waived.(ii)

Notice

An employer maintaining a plan with respect to which such a funding waiver has been issued or a request for such a funding waiver is pending shall provide notice to the Secretary of the Treasury, in such form and at such time as the Secretary of the Treasury shall provide, of a cessation of operations to which paragraph (1) applies.(E)

Enforcement

(i)

Notice

An employer making the election under this paragraph shall provide notice to the Corporation, in accordance with rules prescribed by the Corporation, of—(I)such election, not later than 30 days after the earlier of the date the employer notifies the Corporation of the substantial cessation of operations or the date the Corporation determines a substantial cessation of operations has occurred;(II)the payment of each additional contribution, not later than 10 days after such payment;(III)any failure to pay the additional contribution in the full amount for any year in the 7-plan-year period, not later than 10 days after the due date for such payment;(IV)the waiver under subparagraph (D)(i) of the obligation to make an additional contribution for any year, not later than 30 days after the funding waiver described in such subparagraph is granted; and(V)the cessation of any obligation to make additional contributions under subparagraph (C), not later than 10 days after the due date for payment of the additional contribution for the first plan year to which such cessation applies.(ii)

Acceleration of liability to the plan for failure to pay

If an employer fails to pay the additional contribution in the full amount for any year in the 7-plan-year period by the due date for such payment, the employer shall, as of such date, be liable to the plan in an amount equal to the balance which remains unpaid as of such date of the aggregate amount of additional contributions required to be paid by the employer during such 7-year-plan period. The Corporation may waive or settle the liability described in the preceding sentence, at the discretion of the Corporation.(iii)

Civil action

The Corporation may bring a civil action in the district courts of the United States in accordance with section 4003(e) to compel an employer making such election to pay the additional contributions required under this paragraph.(5)

Definitions

For purposes of this subsection:(A)

Eligible employee

The term eligible employee means an employee who is eligible to participate in an employee pension benefit plan (as defined in section 3(2)) established and maintained by the employer.(B)

Funding target

The term funding target means, with respect to any plan year, the funding target as determined under section 4006(a)(3)(E)(iii)(I) for purposes of determining the premium paid to the Corporation under section 4007 for the plan year.(C)

Market value

The market value of the assets of a plan shall be determined in the same manner as for purposes of section 4006(a)(3)(E).(6)

Special rules

(A)

Change in operation of certain facilities and property

For purposes of paragraphs (1) and (2), an employer shall not be treated as ceasing operations at a qualified lodging facility (as defined in section 856(d)(9)(D) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986) if such operations are continued by an eligible independent contractor (as defined in section 856(d)(9)(A) of such Code) pursuant to an agreement with the employer.(B)

Aggregation of prior separations

The workforce reduction under paragraph (2) with respect to any cessation of operations shall be determined by taking into account any separation from employment of any eligible employee at the facility (other than a separation which is not taken into account as workforce reduction by reason of subparagraph (C) or (D) of paragraph (2)) which—(i)is related to the permanent cessation of operations of the employer at the facility, and(ii)occurs during the 3-year period preceding such cessation.(C)

No addition to prefunding balance

For purposes of section 303(f)(6)(B) and section 430(f)(6)(B) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, any additional contribution made under paragraph (4) shall be treated in the same manner as a contribution an employer is required to make in order to avoid a benefit reduction under paragraph (1), (2), or (4) of section 206(g) or subsection (b), (c), or (e) of section 436 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 for the plan year.

(b)

Effective date

(1)

In general

The amendment made by this section shall apply to a cessation of operations or other event at a facility occurring on or after the date of enactment of this Act.(2)

Transition rule

An employer that had a cessation of operations before the date of enactment of this Act (as determined under subsection 4062(e) of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 as in effect before the amendment made by this section), but did not enter into an arrangement with the Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation to satisfy the requirements of such subsection (as so in effect) before such date of enactment, shall be permitted to make the election under section 4062(e)(4) of such Act (as in effect after the amendment made by this section) as if such cessation had occurred on such date of enactment. Such election shall be made not later than 30 days after such Corporation issues, on or after such date of the enactment, a final administrative determination that a substantial cessation of operations has occurred.(c)

Direction to the Corporation

The Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation shall not take any enforcement, administrative, or other action pursuant to section 4062(e) of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, or in connection with an agreement settling liability arising under such section, that is inconsistent with the amendment made by this section, without regard to whether the action relates to a cessation or other event that occurs before, on, or after the date of the enactment of this Act, unless such action is in connection with a settlement agreement that is in place before June 1, 2014. The Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation shall not initiate a new enforcement action with respect to section 4062(e) of such Act that is inconsistent with its enforcement policy in effect on June 1, 2014.