Short title

This Act may be cited as the

Security Clearance Reform Act of 2014

Security clearance process reform plan

(a)

Plan

Not later than 6 months after the date of enactment of this Act, the President shall submit a strategic plan to the appropriate congressional committees to improve security clearance and background investigation activities carried out by the Federal Government. (b)

Contents of plan

The plan submitted under subsection (a) shall— (1)develop and establish a continuous evaluation or monitoring system that shall— (A)on a continual basis, access Federal, State, and local government and commercially available information, including financial credit history, currency transactions, court records, traffic violations, arrest records, terrorist and criminal watch lists, foreign travel, and online social media; (B)provide real-time updates or notifications with respect to information relevant to adjudication guidelines concerning whether a cleared individual is eligible for such individual’s security clearance; and (C)reduce or eliminate the scope or schedule of any periodic reinvestigation of a cleared individual; (2)ensure that— (A)the background of each cleared individual is monitored on a continual basis; and (B)any covered individual who is not a cleared individual is not subject to continuous evaluation or monitoring; (3)ensure the effective, efficient, and timely completion of background investigations relating to a covered individual’s eligibility for a security clearance; (4)improve procedures to require information sharing between agencies concerning— (A)potentially derogatory security information regarding a covered individual that may impact the eligibility of any such individual for a security clearance; and (B)adjudications with respect to any covered individual; (5)enhance cooperation and information sharing between any State or local law enforcement agency and any agency; (6)enhance methods for reducing or eliminating manual processes with respect to security clearance background investigations, and automating and integrating the elements of such investigations and adjudication processes, including— (A)the security clearance application process; (B)field investigator reporting; (C)investigation case management; (D)the collection, analysis, storage, retrieval, and transfer of data and records; (E)the submission of any background investigation report to an agency for adjudication; and (F)records management for security clearance adjudication determinations; (7)reduce or eliminate the use of databases and information sources that cannot be accessed and processed electronically, or modify such databases and information sources to enable electronic access and processing; (8)increase the use of digitally processed fingerprints as a substitute for ink or paper prints to reduce error rates and improve portability of data; (9)develop Federal Government-wide performance measures, based on the Federal Investigative Standards (as promulgated by the Director and the Director of National Intelligence), to measure the quality of background investigations conducted by the Federal Government; (10)require that, with respect to any background investigation activities, a Federal employee conducts— (A)any final quality or integrity assurance review conducted by an agency of a background investigation; (B)any interview of a covered individual with respect to a background investigation; and (C)any background investigation of a covered individual to determine the person’s eligibility for a security clearance at the Top Secret level or higher; (11)develop procedures that ensure that any information collected pursuant to the plan with respect to a covered individual, including information collected from online social media, shall be verified for authenticity; and (12)provide a detailed description of the estimated costs of implementing the plan. (c)

Delegation

The President may select at least one agency to develop or implement the plan required under this section. In the preceding sentence, the term agency means— (1)any agency as that term is defined in section 6(1), but does not include any military department (as that term is defined in section 102 of title 5, United States Code); or (2)the Suitability and Security Clearance Performance Accountability Council (as established by Executive Order No. 13467). (d)

Levels of scrutiny

The plan required under this section may require different levels of continuous evaluation scrutiny with respect to Confidential, Secret, or Top Secret or higher security clearances. (e)

Use of pre-Existing systems or databases

In carrying out the requirements of this section, the President may incorporate or enhance any systems or databases operated by the Federal Government, including the database established under section 3001(e) of Public Law 108–458. (f)

Implementation

The President shall fully implement the plan required under this section not later than 1 year after the date of submission of such plan to the appropriate congressional committees.

Organizational conflict of interest

Beginning on the date of the enactment of this Act for contracts entered into after such date, the Director of the Office of Personnel Management may not award a contract for— (1)investigative support services to an entity if that entity also has, at the time of award of the contract or at any time during the performance of the contract, another contract in effect with the Federal Government (or with another contractor of the Government at any tier) to provide background investigation fieldwork services; or (2)background investigation fieldwork services to an entity if that entity also has, at the time of award of the contract or at any time during the performance of the contract, another contract in effect with the Federal Government (or with another contractor of the Government at any tier) to provide investigative support services.

State and local cooperation

(a)

Report

Not later than 90 days after the date of enactment of this Act and each year thereafter, the Director shall submit a report to the appropriate congressional committees listing any State or local entity covered by the definition of criminal justice agency in section 9101(a)(1) of title 5, United State Code, that has failed to cooperate with three or more requests of the Director issued under section 9101(b)(1) of such title. (b)

Withholding of Byrne-JAG funds

(1)

In general

For any fiscal year after fiscal year 2015, a jurisdiction that fails, as determined by the Director to substantially comply with criminal history record information requests shall not receive the percentage specified in paragraph (2) of the funds that would otherwise be allocated for the subsequent fiscal year to the jurisdiction under subpart 1 of part E of title I of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 (42 U.S.C. 3750 et seq.). The Director shall provide the Attorney General with a list of any jurisdictions that failed to substantially comply with the criminal history record information requests in the prior fiscal year and the Attorney General shall make the appropriate amount of reductions. (2)

Applicable percentages

The applicable percentages are as follows: (A)

First year of noncompliance

Except as provided in subparagraph (B), for each fiscal year that a jurisdiction fails to substantially comply with criminal history record information requests, the percentage specified is 10 percent. (B)

subsequent year of noncompliance

For each succeeding consecutive fiscal year after a fiscal year referred to in subparagraph (A) that a jurisdiction fails to substantially comply with criminal history record information requests, the percentage specified is 10 percent multiplied by the number of such consecutive fiscal years that the jurisdiction has failed to substantially comply with criminal history record information requests (not to exceed 100 percent). (3)

Reallocation

Amounts not allocated under a program referred to in this section to a jurisdiction for failure to substantially comply with criminal history record information requests, shall be reallocated under that program to jurisdictions that have not failed to substantially comply with criminal history record information requests, or may be reallocated to a jurisdiction from which they were withheld to be used solely for the purpose of complying with section 9101(b)(1) of title 5, United States Code. (4)

Noncompliance

For purposes of this subsection, the term fails to substantially comply with criminal history record information requests means failure to comply with 3 or more requests received during a fiscal year under section 9101(b)(1) of title 5, United States Code, during that fiscal year. (5)

Rule of attribution

In the case of a jurisdiction that fails to substantially comply with criminal history record information requests, if that jurisdiction is subject to the requirements of section 505(d)(4) of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 (42 U.S.C. 3755(d)(4)), then the amount of funds that would be provided to other jurisdictions that are party to the joint application required under such section 505(d)(4) may not be reduced and only the funds for the jurisdiction that has failed to substantially comply may be reduced. (c)

Requests from contractors acting on behalf of covered agencies; clarification of police records

Section 9101 of title 5, United States Code, is amended— (1)by adding at the end the following new subsection:

(g)Criminal justice agencies shall accept and comply with requests for criminal history record information pursuant to this section regardless of whether a request is submitted directly by a covered agency or by a contractor of a covered agency acting on the agency’s behalf.

; and

(2)in subsection (a)(2), (A)after criminal charges, by inserting the following: (including descriptions of the incidents or events leading to or on which the arrests, indictments, informations, or other formal charges are based); and (B)by adding at the end the following: The term also includes information pertaining to arrests that do not result in the arrestee being charged with or convicted of a criminal offense..

Reports

(a)

Quality review

Not later than 90 days after the date of submission of the plan under section 2 and each year thereafter, the Director shall submit a report to the appropriate congressional committees that— (1)evaluates the quality of background investigations conducted by OPM during the previous year based on the performance measures developed pursuant to the plan submitted under section 2; and (2)includes information on the percentage of background investigations conducted by OPM that meet Federal Investigative Standards (as promulgated by the Director and the Director of National Intelligence). (b)

Reports under the Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act of 2004

Section 3001(h)(1) of the Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act of 2004 (50 U.S.C. 3341(h)(1)) is amended by striking through 2011.

Definitions

In this Act: (1)

Agency

Except as provided otherwise in this Act, the term agency has the meaning given that term in section 3001(a)(1) of Public Law 108–458 and includes the United States Postal Service and the Postal Regulatory Commission. (2)

Appropriate congressional committees

The term appropriate congressional committees means— (A)the Committee on Oversight and Government Reform of the House of Representatives; (B)the Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs of the Senate; (C)the Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence of the House of Representatives; and (D)the Select Committee on Intelligence of the Senate. (3)

Background investigation

The term background investigation means any investigation or reinvestigation required for the purpose of determining whether a covered individual may hold a security clearance issued by an agency. (4)

Background investigation fieldwork services

The term background investigation fieldwork services means the investigatory fieldwork conducted to determine a covered individual’s eligibility for a security clearance, including interviews of the applicant or friends and family of such applicant, reviews of educational or employment records, law checks, or reviews of credit history. (5)

Cleared individual

The term cleared individual means an individual, including any employee of an agency, member of the uniformed services, contractor of an agency, or individual employee of such a contractor, who holds a valid security clearance issued by an agency. (6)

Covered individual

The term covered individual means an individual, including any employee of an agency, member of the uniformed services, contractor of an agency, or individual employee of such a contractor, who— (A)is being considered by an agency for a security clearance; or (B)is a cleared individual. (7)

Director

The term Director means the Director of the Office of Personnel Management. (8)

Federal employee

The term Federal employee has the meaning given the term employee in section 2105 of title 5, United States Code, and includes— (A)any member of the uniformed services; and (B)any officer or employee of the United States Postal Service or the Postal Regulatory Commission. (9)

Investigative support services

The term investigative support services means the clerical, administrative, and technical support services provided to various functions critical to the background investigative process, including initial processing and scheduling of investigative requests, performing file maintenance, imaging case documents, processing mail, performing quality review of background investigations, and executing case closing processes. (10)

Jurisdiction

The term jurisdiction means a State or unit of local government, as such terms are defined in section 901 of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968. (11)

OPM

The term OPM means the Office of Personnel Management.